Topic: Art in Ukraine (Painting)
Artistic traditions of Ukraine have a very ancient history. The oldest
surviving paintings are frescoes and murals found on the northern Black
sea coast, where they were preserved on the walls of tombs fragments of
frescoes from the medieval Rus period have been found in the Cathedral
of Transfiguration in Chernihiv (11th century) and the St. Sophia
Cathedral in Kyiv (early 11the century). Portable icons were already
being painted in the 10th and 11th centuries, but none so old have
survived to our time.
In the 15th and 16th centuries there appeared a Galician school of icon
painting. During the Renaissance icons gradually lest their rigidity and
became more realistic. In Ukraine portrait painting as a separate genre
emerged during the Renaissance (16th century) and was strongly
influenced by the icon tradition.
Many Ukrainian painters were attracted to the newly established Academy
of Arts in St. Petersburg (1757). The emigration of the Ukrainian
artists to St. Petersburg deprived Ukrainian painting of its most
creative talents. The exception was T.Shevchenko, who devoted most of
his painting (like his writing) to Ukrainian interests.
In the last few decades of the 19th century Ukrainian painters studying
art in Russia were influenced by the Peredvizhniki society, formed in
1870 is St.Petersburg. Artists of Ukrainian origin who became active in
the society were I.Repin, I.Kramskoi, A.Kuindzhi, R.Kuznetsov,
K.Kostandi and many others.
During the brief period of Ukrainian independence the Ukrainian State
Academy of Arts (1917-22) was established in Kyiv. In 1920s in Soviet
Ukraine a variety of styles flourished. Cubo-futurist painting were
produced by V.Yermilov in Kharkiv and O.Romazov, V.Pavlov and
A.Petrystsky in Kyiv. In the 1930s all avant-garde activities in Soviet
Ukraine came to a halt with the introduction of socialist realism as the
only literary and artistic method permitted by the communist regime.
Changes brought about in the second half of 1980-s resulted in greater
creative freedom and a proliferation of styles and manners of depiction.
Many painters showed great inventiveness, including H.Romanyshyn from
Lviv, R.Popov from Kharkiv, O.Tkachenko from Dnipropetrovsk and
R.Tetianych, V.Budnykov, H.Heiko and O.Babak from Kyiv. After decades of
restraint and isolation artists in Ukraine are now free to continue the
development of various artistic traditions.
Topic: Our college
I study at Kolomyia College of Economy and Law. It is the branch of
Kyiv Trade and Economy University. Our college is situated in
Khmelnytskoho Sreet, in a large 3-storeyed building. It
faces the stadium and the town lake.
Our college is a public school, though the students have to pay their
tuition fee. It was founded in summer 1996. The college was registered
by the Order of the Ukrainian Ministry of Education. In October it is
supposed to get the license for educational activity.
Now there are about 600 students who study at 4 departments: accounting
and audit, economy of enterprises, commercial law management of
non-productive sphere. 560 boys and girls are full-time students. About
60 people are part-time students, who have their exam session twice a
year.
The teaching process is divided into 2 stages. Students who started
their study after graduating form the incomplete secondary school, are
accepted for the 1-st course. The complete secondary school leavers will
be the students of the 2-d cours. After graduating from the college
students get the diploma of a junior specialist or a bachelor.
As for me, I am going to be a manager in tourism business. We study
various subjects: Economy, History, Philosophy, English, Marketing,
Management and others. It is sometimes very difficult for us, but we do
our best to master the knowledge. Our teachers on the whole are good
specialists. Now in the college there are teachers. There are 4 masters
of science. 4 teachers are post-graduates. A lot of them are high
category specialists.
Now we have 6 classrooms, a library and a gymnasium in our college.
There is the computers classroom. Some students live in the hostel.
Unfortunately, this year there is not enough room for all students, and
that is why we study in two shifts.
I think we will have good knowledge after finishing the course of
study.
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