.

Політичне лідерство та політичні еліти (реферат)

Язык: украинский
Формат: реферат
Тип документа: Word Doc
649 5344
Скачать документ

?aoa?ao ia oaio:

Iie?oe/ia e?aea?noai oa iie?oe/i? ae?oe

Anooi

E?aea?noai – iaa?ae’?iiee eiiiiiaio iie?oe/ii? ae?yeueiino?. I?iaeaie
e?aea?a e e?aea?noaa, ?oiueiai i?noey a noni?euenoa? ieioeiai, no/aniiai
oa iaeaooiueiai, ia?niaeoeae ?o ?icaeoeo oa oiiae oi?ioaaiiy iino?eii
oaeeththoue ethaenoai. C ?o ?ica’ycaiiyi iia’ycothoue aeie? ethaeae oa
i?iaiice ?icaeoeo noni?euenoaa. Oey oaia iaaoaa? iniaeeai? aeooaeueiino?
nueiaiaei?, ai ye?nia ia?aaoaeiaa aeeooy noni?euenoaa iaiiaeeeaa aac
ea?aeeiaeueiiai ?aoi?ioaaiiy oi?aae?iiy, aac iayaiino? i?ioan?eiiai
ei?iona iie?oe/ieo e?aea??a, ye? ea?othoue aea?aeaaieie ? ia?o?eieie
i?aai?caoe?yie, ?ooaie, iaoi?iaeueieie ia’?aeiaiiyie.

E?aea?noai – oea ia iiaee noeeue ea??aieoeoaa, a can?a i?aai?caoe??
aeaaee a a?iiaaeyinueeiio noni?euenoa? c ?icaeiooith iie?oe/iith
na?aeii?noth an?o aai a?eueoino? eiai nioe?aeueieo aa?noa. Nioe?aeueia e
iie?oe/ia ia?oia?noai, aca?ii?icoi?iiy e?aea?a oa eiai iine?aeiaiee?a –
iniiaa iiai? no/anii? iie?oeee.

I?iaeaia iie?oe/iiai e?aea?noaa oa iie?oe/ieo ae?o aaaaoiieaiiaa. Iaoa
eaeoe?? – e?aea?noai ? ae?oe ye niaoeeo?/iee aniaeo iie?oe/ii?
ae?yeueiino? oa iie?oe/ieo a?aeiinei. ?icaeyiooe oeth i?iaeaio aei?a/ii
ca oaeei ieaiii:

1. I?e?iaea, no/ani? oai??? oa oeiieia?y iie?oe/iiai e?aea?noaa.

2. Nooi?noue iie?oe/ii? ae?oe, eiioeaiooaeuei? iai?yie oeoia/aiiy ae?o.
Oeiieia?y ae?o.

1 I?E?IAeA, NO*ANI? OAI??? OA OEIIEIA?ss IIE?OE*IIAI E?AeA?NOAA

Ni?iae inieneaiiy aaaaoia?aiiino? i?iaeaie e?aea?noaa (lider – a?ae aia.
– i?ia?aeiee) nyaathoue aeaaieie e ai?iaeiaae noi??/ ia i?eieiythoueny.
?noi??y aeine?aeaeaiiy iie?oe/iiai e?aea?noaa – ? i?eeeaae
??ciiiai?oiino? i?aeoiae?a ? a?aenooiino? caaaeueiii?eeiyoi? aaciai?
oai???. Caeaaia noi?ioaaeeny o?aaeeoe?? a i?aeoiaeao aei ?? ?icoi?iiy,
ye? iathoue aeaa iai?yie. Ia?oee oe?eaaeoueny ia?aaaaeii ii?aeuei?nii –
aoe/iei ci?noii oa?i?ia, ae?oaee a?aecia/a?oueny iaaiith
i?aaiaoecaoe??th e aecia? ca iniaeno?noth i?aai i?eeiaoe ??oaiiy, ??
caeaoi?noue aei cao?ooaaiiy ethaeae aeey aeinyaiaiiy iinoaaeaieo oe?eae
oiui.

Iie?oeeo, ?? caaaeaiiy ? oe?e? ?ic??ciythoueny ia ??cieo ??aiyo
iie?oe/ii? ae?yeueiino?, oiio ?niothoue ? ??ci? e?aea?e. A iae?e a?oi?
(oea iiaea aooe ae?oa aa?oi?o ??aiae aeaaee aai ?ioiai ea??aieoeoaa)
?ieue e?aea?a i?noeoue a nia? caeaoi?noue cao?ooaaoe ethaeae oa
iai?aaeoe ?o ae?yeuei?noue. A?ae e?aea?a aeiaaa?oueny o?nia iniaenoa
ni?eeoaaiiy c aeecueeei ioi/aiiyi. I?e oeueiio aeyaeythoueny ?
a?ae?a?athoue i?aai?caoi?nueeo ?ieue eiai iniaeno? yeino?: ai?iiy
aieiae?oe neooaoe??th, i?eeiaoe ??oaiiy, a?aoe ia naaa
a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noue, ?iaeoe a??iee iie?oe/iee aea??. Aiaeii/an e?aea?
iiaeiai ai?oe caaeiaieueiyoe ?ioa?ane a?oie, ia aeoiaey/e ca iaae? i?aaa
? a?iiaaeyinueeeo ii?i.

?ioei ? e?aea?noai ia ??ai? «aaeeei? iie?oeee», oi?aae?iiy e?a?iith,
iie?oe/ieie ?ooaie. A?ae e?aea?a oaeiai ianooaao aeiaaa?oueny
cao?ooaaiiy ?ioa?an?a oe?iei? noni?eueii? aace aeaaee. Ooo iathoue
cia/aiiy ia no?eueee iniaeno? yeino? e?aea?a, ne?eueee eiai ai?iiy
oi?ioaaoe caaaeuei? iie?oe/i? aeiiae, ciaoiaeeoe aenie? e?eoe/i? e
eiino?oeoeai? yeino?, ni?eeoaaoeny c a?eueo oe?ieei eieii ethaeae,
ia?aeiioaaoe ?o, aooe ae?acieeii ?o ?ioa?an?a. O?eueee oiae? e?aea?
iiaea noaoe neiaieii ?ooo, ia?o??, noni?euenoaa.

Iaia’yceiaa oiiaa e?aea?noaa – aieiae?iiy aeaaeith a eiie?aoieo
oi?iaeueieo /e iaoi?iaeueieo i?aai?caoe?yo ??cieo ??aiae ? ianooaao –
a?ae aea?aeaae ? iaa?oue a?oie aea?aeaa aei o?yaeiaeo onoaiia,
noni?eueieo a?oi, ?oo?a, ia?o?e. Oi?iae?ciaaia aeaaea e?aea?a
cae??ieth?oueny caeiiii. Aea a eiaeieo aeiaaeeao e?aea? ia? nioe?aeueio
? ineoieia?/io eia?eo, aiioe?eio iii?o a noni?euenoa? aai eieaeoeaao
ethaeae, ye? ca iei ne?aeothoue.

Oaeei /eiii, ia an?o ??aiyo iie?oeee e?aea?noai ?aaeueii i?e aecia/aieo
oiiaao. E?aea? iiaeiai ia o?eueee aanoe ca niaith ethaeae, a e iaoe aeey
oeueiai iaiao?aei? yeino?.

Ui ae yaey? niaith iie?oe/iee e?aea?? Iie?oe/iee e?aea? – oea iniaa,
?ioaa?aoe?ei?, iiaaoi?nuee?, e?eoe/ii ci???ioiaai?, cae?aiino? yei?
ni?yiiaai? ia noai?aiiy ? ?aae?caoe?th i?ia?aie (eiioeaioe??)
?ica’ycaiiy nioe?aeueieo i?iaeai ? caaaeaiue noni?eueiiai ?icaeoeo.

Eiai i?ia?aeiee can?a – ii?aeueiee aieea, aiaeyoe?y aei a?iiaaenueei?
aeoiee. Ooieoe?? iie?oe/iiai e?aea?a cina?aaeaeai? ia:

 ia’?aeiaii? a?iiaaeyi iaaeiei ni?eueieo oe?eae;

 aecia/aii? oa i?eeiyoo? iioeiaeueieo iie?oe/ieo ??oaiue;

 caoeno? ian a?ae aaccaeiiiy;

 caaacia/aii? iie?oe/iiai, ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai, aiioe?eiiai ca’yceo aeaaee
oa ian;

 oei??iaii? a na?aeiiino? ian iioei?cio aeey aeinyaiaiiy i?iaieioaieo
oe?eae.

?icoi?iith i?iaeaie iie?oe/iiai e?aea?noaa ni?ey? ciaiiy eeaneo?eaoe??
oeueiai iiiyooy. O iaoeia?e e?oa?aoo?? ?nio? aace?/ eeaneo?eaoe?e, ye?
aacothoueny ia ??cieo e?eoa??yo.

A iie?oieia??, ii/eiath/e c I. Aaaa?a, iie?oe/ieo e?aea??a iiae?eyee ia
o?e oeie: o?aaeeoe?eieo, eaaaeueieo e oa?eciaoe/ieo, a caeaaeiino? a?ae
oiai, ia /iio aacoaaeenue ?o i?aoaic?? ia aeaaeo (aaoi?eoao).

O?aaeeoe?ei? e?aea?e (aiaeae?) iie?athoueny ia a?eia? o?aaeeoe??, ui ia
aeeeeeathoue i?yeeo noii?a?a.

Eaaaeuei? e?aea?e iiaeii? caeiaoaaoe aeaaeo caeiiiei oeyoii.

Oa?eciaoe/i? e?aea?e (oa?ecia, ii Aaaa?o, e?aea? – iieoaia, i?i?ie,
aaeeeee ian?y) iie?athoueny ia ia neeo o?aaeeoe?e aai caeiio, a ia
iacae/aei? iniaeno? yeino?. Oe? yeino? ia iathoue /?oei aeneiaeaiiai
ci?noo, aea aiie aeinoaoi? aeey oiai, uia o oa?eciaoe/iiai e?aea?a aoee
iine?aeiaieee, ye? aaaeathoue a?o/eoe eiio iie?oe/io aeaaeo.

sseui acyoe ca e?eoa??e ineoieia?/i? iniaeeaino? iiaaae?iee e?aea??a, oi
i?e oeueiio ?ic??ciythoue :

 aenia?o?a – ethaeae ?aoe?iiaeueiiai neeaaeo ?icoio, ye? a?aeaeathoue
ia?aaaao oaeoai ? oe?iothoue oi/i?noue;

 i?aai?caoi??a – ae?yeueieo iniaenoinoae, ?i?oe?aoeaieo, ye?
i?inoaathoueny aei aeaaee oe?eani?yiiaaii, aea ia iini?oath/e;

 eiioi?eaoi??a – niiioaiieo ? aiioe?eieo iie?oee?a, ye? ?icaeyaeathoue
iie?oeeo ye noeaio aeaniiai naiinoaa?aeaeaiiy;

 no?aoaa?a – i?ea?iaeueieo ethaeae, ye? a?aeeeaeathoue caaeai? noaie ?
?iaeyoue iie?oe/ia aeeooy iaaeiei naaa iane/aiei ? ianiie?eiei.

Aia?eeainueea aeine?aeieoey I. Oa?iaii aiae?co? ci?no ooieoe?e
iie?oe/iiai e?aea?noaa /a?ac oae? ia?ace – ethaeae:

Ia?ac ia?oee: e?aea? – i?aii?iiinaoeue. A?i aecia/a? aeey nai?o
iine?aeiaiee?a oe?e? e aeaco? iai?yie ?o ae?yeueiino?. Eiio i?eoaiaii?
aeania aa/aiiy ae?eniino?, yne?aa?, i?eaaaeea? ia?niiaeuei? yeino?.

Ia?ac ae?oaee: e?aea? – eii?aiyaea?, aai neoaeiee, yeiio aeanoeaa
oaaaeia noaaeaiiy aei iio?aa ethaeae, caeaoi?noue ia?aeiiaoe ?o a oiio,
ui naia a?i, e?aea?, iiaea iaaeaoe oeth aeiiiiiao.

Ia?ac o?ao?e: e?aea? – ia??iiaoea, aeey yeiai aaaeeeaa caeaoi?noue
ia?aeiioaaoe ethaeae, caaaeyee /iio «eoiothoue» eiai ?aea? oa ieaie.

Ia?ac /aoaa?oee: e?aea? – «iiaeaaeiee», ae?? yeiai aaaaoi a /iio
aecia/ai? iaaaeueieie aeiiaaie iie?oe/ii? neooaoe??. Aaoi? aaaaea?, ui a
iie?oe/i?e i?aeoeoe? an? a?aee?/ai? ?ene a ??ciiio ii?aeiaii?
?aae?cothoueny a?eueo?noth e?aea??a. A iao?e e?a?i?, ia aeaeue,
ia?aaaaeathoue e?aea?e – ia??iiaoee ? iiaeaaei? ? yaii a?aeo? e?aea??a –
i?aii?iiinoe?a oa neoaeeoae?a.

sseui acyoe ca e?eoa??e noeeue ae?yeueiino? e?aea?a, oi iiaeia
aeae?eeoe: aaoi?eoa?iee noeeue, aeey yeiai oa?aeoa?i? aei?noie?noue
ieneaiiy e?aea?a, ?aii?oaaiiy ?ioi?iaoe?? e a?aoiaio?a, iaeiiiniaiaee
aea?? iai?yi?a ? oe?eae ae?yeueiino?. Aeaiie?aoe/iee noeeue
a?aecia/athoue aio/e?noue ieneaiiy, noeeuei?noue aei io?eiaiiy
iaeneiaeueii iiaii? ?ioi?iaoe??, e?aea? aa?a o/anoue a iaaiai?aii?
i?iaeai ia??ai? c on?ia, oe?e? ? iai?yie ae?yeueiino? iae?athoueny,
aeoiaey/e c oi/ee ci?o, yea ia?aiaaa?.

Aeieeaaeii ?icaeyiaii oeie e?aea??a, e?eoa???i eeaneo?eaoe?? yeeo ?
ci?noiaiee niene, noni?eueia oe?ii?noue ?oiuei? iie?oe/ii? ae?yeueiino?.

Iiioe?nonueeee oei (a?ae eao. populus – ia?iae, ai?ioueaa ca ?ioa?ane
ia?iaeo) a?aecia/a?oueny i?aaiaiiyi ”iieacooiino?” i?e aeeiiaii? ?ie?
ae?acieea ?ioa?an?a nai?o i?eoeeueiee?a. Aeey aeinyaiaiiy aeaaee a?i
caa?a? c ia?iaeii, i?iaieiooth/e i??i?eoao aie? ia?iaeo iaae iie?oe/ieie
??oaiiyie, aeneiaethth/e iaaeia??o iie?oeeai. Iiioe?noe aaaaoi
ia?oeythoue, iaiaaathoueny niiaeiaaoeny ianai, aea a ?o ae?yeueiino?
a?aenooi? ciaiiy ?aaeueiino?, aaaaoi aia?oe?iciino?, iaei i?ici?eeaino?.
Oea, ii noo?, aeeeoaoi?nueeee noeeue e?aea?a, caaoaeueiaaiee ?iiae?
aeia?ice/eeaeie iaoa?iae?nonueeeie iioeaaie.

I?ioan?eiee oei e?aea?a aeine?aeieee ioe?iththoue iaea?eueo aeniei. Oea
e?aea?, ca?aeii c oa?i?iieia??th aia?eeainueeiai aeine?aeieea Ae.Aaeea,
oaoiio?iiiiai, aai iino?iaeono??aeueiiai, noni?euenoaa. A?i –
aeiaaeueiee no?aoaa, ia? eiii’thoa?io a?aiioi?noue, ? ?iiae?
aeei?enoiao? oa?eciaoe/i? yeino? aeey oiai, uia i?eaaaeeai aeeeanoe nai?
?aea? e ieaie, ia?aeiiaoe a?iiaaeyi a ?o ia?aaaaao, caeo/eoe aei ?o
cae?eniaiiy.

Oaeei /eiii, noiniaii ?iciianthaeaeaii? a no/ani?e iaooe? eiioeaioe??
iie?oe/iiai e?aea?noaa iiaaae?iea e?aea?a ? ?acoeueoao aca?iiae?? aeaio
neeaaeiaeo: eiai ae?e, ui i?iyaeythoueny a yeinoyo iniaenoino?, ?
ia’?eoeaieo ianoaaei. Cia/aiiy ia’?eoeaieo ianoaaei aecia/a?oueny
o?ueiia oaeoi?aie:

 aieeaathoue ia oi?ioaaiiy iniaenoino? e?aea?a;

 noaaeyoue ia?aae iei i?iaeaie;

 aecia/athoue oiiae, a yeeo e?aea?o oe? i?iaeaie aeiaaaeaoueny
ae??ooaaoe.

I?ioa, iio??aii iaoe ia oaac?, ui e?aea? caaaeaee /eiinue oi?eaeueiee, a
naia iie?oe/iee ?eiie aecia/a? ”aa?o?noue” oeo /e ?ioeo iie?oe/ieo
e?aea??a ? naii? ?inoeoooe?? e?aea?noaa.

O na?oia?e iie?oe/i?e ? oai?aoe/i?e i?aeoeoe? a?aeiii uiiaeiaioa aeaa
i??i?eoaoieo i?aeoiaee aei iie?oe/iiai e?aea?noaa. Ia?oee – oea
i???ioaoe?y ia e?aea?a ye ia ethaeeio – i?ia?aio, eiee iniiaio oaaao
i?eae?eythoue iaaiei oai?aoe/iei, oe?ii?niei, ?aeaeiei i??eoaaiiyi,
aeeeaaeaieo o i?ia?ai? e?aea??a. Oeae i??i?eoao ? niaoeeo?/iith
cao?aeii?a?iiaenueeith eiino?oeoe??th, ei??iiy yei? nyaathoue Aaeeei?
o?aioeocueei? ?aaiethoe??. Ae?oaee i?aeo?ae iia’ycaiee c aeaai?ie
?noi?e/ieie o?aaeeoe?yie ia?niiaeueii? ioe?iee iie?oe/ieo e?aea?.

?icaeyiaii aeaye? cao?aei? eiioeaioe?? e?aea??a. Iaei??th c iiioey?ieo
oi?iaeiaae o?eaaeiai /ano caeeoa?oueny “oai??y ?en”. Aiia aeieeea i?ae
aieeaii aeine?aeaeaiue aiae?enueeiai ineoieiaa ? aio?iiieiaa
O.Aaeueoiia, eio?ee iia’ycoaaa oeae oaiiiai c? niaaeeia?noth. A ?aieao
oeueiai iai?yio aoee cae?eniai? aeine?aeaeaiiy oea?nueeeo aeeiano?e
??cieo iaoe?e, aiae?c a?ae?a i?ae i?aaeoaeyie oiui. Iniiaiith ?aea?th
oaeiai i?aeoiaeo aoea aiaaiai?noue a oiio, ui eiee e?aea?o i?eoaiaii?
yeino?, ye? ia?aaeathoueny niaaeei?iii ? a?ae??ciythoue eiai a?ae ?ioeo,
oi oe? yeino? iiaeia aeae?eeoe. I?ioa neeanoe ia?ae?e oaeeo ?en oiae? ia
aaeaeiny. A1940?. aia?eeainueeee ineoieia E.Aa?ae neeaa nienie ?c 79
?en, ye? caaaeoaaeeny aeine?aeieeaie ye ”e?aea?nuee?”. Na?aae ieo aoee
iacaai? ?i?oe?aoeai?noue, ii/oooy aoii?o, aiooc?aci, aiaaiai?noue a nia?
oiui. Aea i? iaeia c ieo ia caeiaea i?oeiiai i?noey a ia?ae?eao: 65%
iacaaieo ?en aoee caaaeai? o?eueee iaeiiai ?aco, 16-20% – aea?/?, 4-5% –
o?e/? ? eeoa 5% ?en aoee iacaai? /ioe?e ?ace. Oeae oaeo aeaa
iiaeeea?noue aia?eeainueeiio ineoieiao TH.Aeaeaii?iano iiynieoe
noa’?eoea?ci oeeo oai??e ?en, ye?, c eiai oi/ee ci?o, cia/iith i??ith
a?aeia?aaeaee ?ene naieo aeine?aeiee?a, i?ae ?ene e?aea?a. Iacaeaaeii
a?ae a?aeiioaiiy aei oai??? ?en oa ?? iaoeiai? oe?iiino? ethaee
i?iaeiaaeothoue aaaaeaoe, ui iie?oe/iee e?aea? iiaeiai iaoe aeaye?
aieiai? ?ene: /ani?noue, ii?aeuei? yeino?, i?iaeoeoeai?noue ?aeae,
caeaoi?noue ?ica’ycoaaoe eiioe?eoe, aenieee ??aaiue ?ioaeaeoo oiui. O
oaeiio eiioaeno? caeiiii??iei ? caieoaiiy: /iio e?aea?aie a ?aaeueiiio
aeeoo? noathoue ia iaeyne?aa?o? ?iaeea?aeoaeueiino?? Iaaiith i??ith
a?aeiia?aeaeth ia iueiai ? ?icoi?iiy aieiaieo oac neooaoeaii?
eiioeaioe?? e?aea?noaa.

Neooaoeaia oai??y e?aea?noaa (A.Ae?ee, A.Oeioii, A.Aieaeia? oa ?i.)
noaa?aeaeo?, ui e?aea? ? ooieoe??th iaaii? neooaoe?? (i?noey, /ano,
ianoaaei), oiio eiai aea?? ia? aecia/aoeny eiie?aoieie neooaoe?yie, ui
aeieeathoue o ”i??ai?ae? aeaaee”. Oe? ianoaaeie iiaeooue aooe
ni?eyoeeaeie, iaeo?aeueieie, iani?eyoeeaeie, oaeeie, ui ca?aathoueny c
i?ia?aiaie e?aea?a, aai oaeeie, ui caia?a/othoue ?o. Oai?aoeee
neooaoeaiiai i?aeoiaeo naia ae??th neooaoeaii? eiioeaioe?? iiyniththoue
oaea yaeua, ye eoeueo iniae.

Neooaoeaia oai??y ia caia?a/o? ciaiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo ?en iniaenoino?,
i?ioa a?aenoiththoue iiceoe?th a?aeiiniino? cia/aiiy aeey e?aea?a
ia?niiaeueieo oa?aeoa?enoee. Oea aaeueie ni?acao/ia aeneiao E?iia
Oaeooaaiaa?a, ui aeaaea iaa?oue ionoiii?iaeith ethaeeio iaiiaith?
ci?noii. ? ?noi??y cia? oae? i?eeeaaee. Iaa?oue ciaoiaey/enue o
iai?ana?aeiiiio noai?, aeaye? ethaee (E.A?aaei?a, E.*a?iaiei) ia’?eoeaii
aeeiioaaee ?ieue iie?oe/iiai e?aea?a, aoee neiaieii aea?aeaae. Aeey
oiai, uia ciyoe iiaeeea? caia?a/aiiy, ui neooaoeaia oai??y ?icaeyaea?
iniaeno?noue e?aea?a ye ia??iiaoeo, aia?eeainueeee a/aiee A.Oa?oe?
cai?iiiioaaa iiaeeo?eaoe?th oe??? oai???. A?i i?eionoea, ui, ii-ia?oa,
yeui ethaeeia noa? e?aea?ii a iaei?e neooaoe??, ia aeeeth/ii, ui a?i ?i
noaia ? a ?io?e; ii-ae?oaa, a ?acoeueoao? noa?aioeiiiai ieneaiiy e?aea?e
a iaei?e neooaoe?? ?icaeyaeathoueny a?oiith ye ”e?aea?e acaaae?”;
ii-o?ao?, noaaoe e?aea?ii a eiie?aoi?e neooaoe??, ethaeeia iaaoaa?
aaoi?eoao, yeee ni?ey? ?? ia?aiith ? ianooiiiai ?aco; a-/aoaa?oa,
e?aea?ii /ano?oa iae?athoue ethaeeio, yea ia? iioeaaoe?th aei
aeinyaiaiiy aeaaee.

I?ioa, oaea oi/ea ci?o ia ciyea iaeiia?/iino? neooaoeaii? oai??? ? oiio
ii?iaeeea o?ao?e, a?eueo-iaio eiii?ii?niee aa??aio –
iniaeno?nii-neooaoeaio oai??th. A 1952?. A.Aa?o ? N.I?ec aeae?eeee
/ioe?e oaeoi?e, ye? iio??aii a?aooaaoe i?e ?icaeyae? oaiiiaia
e?aea?noaa:

 ?ene ? iioeae e?aea?a ye ethaeeie;

 iinoaoue e?aea?a ? iioeae, ye? ?niothoue o na?aeiiino? eiai
iine?aeiaiee?a ? ciooothoue ?o eoe ca iei;

 oa?aeoa?enoeeo ?ie? e?aea?a;

 ?inoeoooe?iiaeueiee eiioaeno, oiaoi, o? io?oe?ei?e i?aaia? ia?aiao?e, a
yeeo i?aoeth? e?aea?.

Oaeei /eiii, e?aea?noai noaei ?icaeyaeaoeny ye a?aeiioaiiy i?ae
ethaeueie, a ia ye oa?aeoa?enoeea ie?aiiai ?iaeea?aea.

Oaiiiai e?aea?noaa oaeiae iiynith? oai??y iine?aeiaiee?a (O.Noaioi?ae,
Ae.??niai, E.Oaoe oa ?i.). Aiia oeoia/eoue e?aea?noai ye iniaeeaee oei
aca?iei i?ae ea??aieeii oa iine?aeiaieeaie (aeai?oeyie, aeoeaieie
i?eoeeueieeaie e?aea?a, oeie, ooi ni?aaey? ia iueiai aieea). E?aea? ?
eiai iine?aeiaieee neeaaeathoue ?aeeio nenoaio. Iiceoe?y e?aea?a,
noiniaii nai?o iine?aeiaiee?a, caeaaeeoue a?ae nooiaiy eiioeaio?aoe??
iei aeaaee, ??aiy eoeueoo?e eiai ? noni?euenoaa, iie?oe/iiai ?aaeeio, a
?aieao yeiai ?aae?co?oueny eiai aieiaea?noai. Iiyniaiith i?e?iaee
iie?oe/iiai e?aea?noaa aeiiiiaaa? ? ineoieia?/ia oai??y, yea
a?aeooiaoo?oueny a?ae ineoiaiae?co C.O?aeaea. A iniia? ineoiaiae?co
C.O?aeaea ? oai??y o?onoaoe??, ui icia/a? noai caoaeaeaiiy ethaeeie,
yeui aiia ona?aeiieth?, ui ? ia?aoeiaee aei ?aae?caoe?? ?? ?ioa?an?a.
Oai??y o?onoaoe?? iiynith? ye naenoaeuei? iioeae (e?a?aei)
o?ainoi?iothoueny a ?io?, a oiio /ene? e iie?oe/i? iioeae ? aaaeaiiy.
Iine?aeiaieee C.O?aeaea (?.O?iii, O.Aaei?ii oa ?i.) noaa?aeaeothoue, ui
ineo?ea ethaeeie ia? aooe a iniia? noni?eueiiai aeeooy, a ethaeeia, ii
i?e?iae? ?iaeea?aeoaeueia, aeania, iaea?aeeia aieath aei aeaaee. Aeaye?
aeine?aeieee aaaaeathoue e?aea?noai aecia/aiei aeaeii iiia?aiiy ye
ne?aenoai iaa?ico. Aiie aeyaeee oei iniaenoino? noeeueiei aei
aaoi?eoa?ecio. Aeaaea iaae ?ioeie iaaea? oae?e ethaeei? naenoaeueio
ianieiaeo, oiaoi aiia ? nai???aeiith oi?iith naaeecio. Oaea iniaeno?noue
???aoe?iiaeueia, i?noeo?eiaaia, ea?o?oueny aiioe?yie, ia oa?ieoue
??aiino?. Ae?enii, ?noi??y na?ae/eoue, ui aaaaoi iie?oe/ieo e?aea??a
aoee iaa?ioeeaie – Iaiieaii, A?oea?, Noae?i oiui.

Iaeneiaeueii caaeuaia ioe?iea ooieoe?e ? ?ie? iie?oe/iiai e?aea?a a
?noi??? – nooi?noue eoeueoo iniae. Oea caeiiii??ia ne?aenoai ? iaeia c
ia?aaeoiia oioae?oa?iiai iie?oe/iiai ?aaeeio, oi/ ia? i?noea ? a
aaoi?eoa?ieo, a /anoeiai ? a aeaiie?aoe/ieo aea?aeaaao. Iniaa iiaea
oa?eoe a ?noi??th ye nao?ai, aeaniio, oe?ai. ssne?aaee i?eeeaae oiio
iie?oe/i? a?ia?ao?? A?oea?a, Noae?ia, *aooaneo, Oonaeia ? ua aaaaoi
eiai. ?aeaei? aeaea?aea eoeueoo iniae eaaeaoue a oioae?oa?i?e
?aeaieia??, ?? i?aoaic?? ia iiiiiieueia aieiae?iiy ?noeiith oiui.

Ioaea, niaoeeo?ea ae?yeueiino? iie?oe/iiai e?aea?a iia’ycaia c eiai
iinaaeiaei ia?aaoaaiiyi o iaai?e no?oeoo?? oi?aae?iiy e ia?aaeaa/a?
o?eaaea aeei?enoaiiy aeaaee. Coiiaeaia ae iie?oe/ia e?aea?noai oaeeie
aacenieie /eiieeaie, ye oei aeaniino?, oi?ie aea?aeaaiiai ono?ith,
??aaiue c??eino? ?nioth/eo noni?eueieo oa i?aeiniaenoenieo aca?iei.
Iie?oe/ia e?aea?noai iiaea ci?ithaaoeny eeoa a nenoai? aca?iiae?? ?c
cacia/aieie /eiieeaie, ui e aecia/a? iaoeia?noue ae?yeueiino? e?aea?a.

2 NOOI?NOUe IIE?OE*II? AE?OE, EIIOeAIOOAEUeI? IAI?ssIE OEOIA*AIIss AE?O.
OEIIEIA?ss AE?O

Aeaaea a eiaei?e e?a?i?, iacaeaaeii a?ae iie?oe/iiai ?aaeeio,
cae?enith?oueny aecia/aiith a?oiith ethaeae – ae?oith. Ae?oenoe (a/ai?,
ui aea/athoue i?iaeaio ae?oe) noaa?aeaeothoue, ui ua c noa?iaeaai?o
/an?a ethaenoai aoei ?icae?eaii ia aea? ia??ai? /anoeie – i?aaey/o a?oio
? iane. Aieiaieie o?ao?aie a ?noi?e/iiio i?ioean? ? ?noi?e/i?
iniaenoino?, a ia?iaei? iane ia caeaoi? aei ?noi?e/ii? oai?/ino?. Ua
Nie?ao a/ea, ui noni?euenoaii oi?aaeythoue ”e?au? ethaee”, Ieaoii
aaaaeaa, ui oi?aaeyoe aea?aeaaith iiaeiia eanoa a?enoie?ao?a, yea
oo?eio? a nie?aii? ia?iae. Iiaeyaee noa?iaeaai?o ioae?aoe?a aeeao/?,
aiie eoeueoeaothoueny a?eaie e ii?aaaeiaothoue iaioaaiiy iaioino?.
No/ani?, eeane/i? eiioeaioe?? ae?o ?ic?iaeai? a e. O?O – i. OO no. a
i?aoeyo O.Iinee, A.Ia?aoi, ?.I?oaeuena, I.Aaaa?a oa ?i.

Neiai ae?oa (a?ae eao. eligere oa o?. elite icia/a? e?auee, aeia??iee,
ia?aiee). O noni?eueieo iaoeao oa?i?i oe?iei ia aaeeaaee a ?a?ii? aei
e?ioey O?O – ii/aoeo OO no., o NOA – aei e?ioey 30-o ?ie?a OO no., a a
iao?e e?a?i? aei ii/aoeo 90 ??.

Ui oaea ae?oa? O a?aeiia?ae? ia caieoaiiy iaoea aeyaey? a?eueo
?ica?aeiinoae, i?ae caiaee. Ni?iae ca?oioaaoe no?ieao? aecia/aiiy ae?oe
aeathoue iiaeeea?noue aeyaeoe aeaa caaaeuei? eiioeaiooaeuei? iai?yie o
oeoia/aii? oe??? i?iaeaie: oe?ii?niee oa no?oeoo?ii-ooieoe?iiaeueiee.

Oe?ii?niee iai?yi iiynith? ?nioaaiiy ae?oe iaaiith ”ia?aaaaith”
(ii?aeueiith, ?ioaeaeooaeueiith oiui) iaeieo ethaeae iaae ?ioeie.
Iaea?eueo iioe?aiee aa??aio oe?ii?niiai iai?yio – oai??y
”aeaiie?aoe/iiai iaioaaiiy ae?o”. Nooue oe??? oai??? iiaea aooe
?ai?acaioiaaia e?eueeiia ?? aieiaieie oacaie. Oea ?noioia c?inoaiiy ?ie?
a noni?euenoa? ae?oa?ieo a?oi; caoeno i?aa ae?oe ”aieiae?oe e i?aaeoe”,
oaa?aeaeaiiy, ui ia??ai?noue – i?aeaaeeia nioe?aeueiiai aeeooy. Aei
oe?ii?nieo i?aeoiae?a aei ae?oe iaeaaeeoue e aai?ie?ao?y – ?aeay i?i
ian?ainueeo ooieoe?th aai?y, yea oaeiae aeineoue iioe?aia.

No?oeoo?ii – ooieoe?iiaeueiee iai?yi aeoeaioo? oaaao ia aaaeeeaino?
ooieoe?e oi?aae?iiy, ye? e aecia/athoue aeaaeio ?ieue ethaeae, eio?? ?o
aeeiiothoue.

?aiee no?oeoo?ii – ooieoe?iiaeueiiai iai?yio ?icoe?ththoue noi?aei? c
iei ae?oa?enonueeee oa ieth?ae?noe/iee i?aeoiaee aei oeoia/aiiy ae?o.

Ca?aeii c ae?oa?enonueeei i?aeoiaeii, noni?euenoaii ea?o? ae?oa, yea
ia’?aeio? oeo, ooi noi?oue o aeaaee, ianaiia?aae, o iie?oe/i?e,
aeiiii?/i?e, a?enueeia?e oea?eiao. *eaie oeeo ae?o ia’?aeiai? ?aeeieie
?ioa?anaie, cao?oiaai?. Oey ?aei?noue, o naith /a?ao, ia? ei??iiy a
iaeiaeiaiio nioe?aeueiiio iioiaeaeaii?, aenieiio ??ai? ina?oe,
iaoa??aeuei?e caaacia/aiino?. Caaaeyee oeueiio ?nio? oee?eoeyoe?y
ethaeae, ye? ia?eiathoue aeaaei? iinaaee. Oeae aca?iiiai?i e?aea?aie
noeioeth? iiyao e ooieoe?iioaaiiy iiiie?oii? ae?oe aeaaee, ui ia? ?aeei?
oe?ii?ni? i???ioe?e.

I?eoeeueieee ieth?ae?noe/ieo oeoia/aiue ae?oe ianoiththoue ??
??ciiiai?oi?noue. Aieea eiaeii? c ae?o iaiaaeaiee niaoeeo?/ii? aeey ia?
noa?ith ae?yeueiino?. I? iaeia c ae?o ia iiaea aeii?ioaaoe o an?o noa?ao
ae?yeueiino?. Iayai?noue /eneaiieo oeaio??a aeaaee ? aeinoaoiueith
i?aenoaaith aeey eiio?ieth ca aeaaeieie no?oeoo?aie, ca ci?noii,
iaoiaeaie ?o ae?yeueiino?, ?? a?aeiia?aeaeueiino? noni?eueiei i?iaeaiai.

?ic?a?aoeny a ??ciiiai?oiino? ae?o aeiiiiaaa? ?? oeiieia?y.
Oeiieia?coaaoe ae?oo iiaeia ca aace?//th e?eoa???a.

sse ia?oee e?eoa??e oei?caoe?? ae?o, ?icaeyiaii aeaea?aea oa niiniae ??
oi?ioaaiiy. Iai?eeeaae, yeui i??i?eoaoiei oeyoii iaeaaeiino? aei ae?oe ?
aaaaonoai, oi aiia ia? ieooie?aoe/iee (a?ae a?aoe. pluyos – aaaaonoai oa
kratos – aeaaea) oa?aeoa?; yeui iaoooaaiiy ii?aeueieie ii?iaie, oi
iae?aaae?nonueeee oa?aeoa? oiui.

Ae?oaei e?eoa???i oei?caoe?? ae?o ? ci?no ooieoe?e oa oe?eae ?o
ae?yeueiino?.

O ca’yceo c oeei aeae?eythoueny eiio?ae?oa ? eaac?ae?oa. Eiio?ae?oa –
oea aeaaei? a?oie, ye? ?niothoue o neeaae? ae?th/i? ae?oe aai
ia?aeaeueii c iath e i?ioeae?thoue ?e. Oeoia/aiiy oa?i?ia ”eaac?ae?oa”
(?iiae? ?? ua iaceaathoue inaaaeiae?oa) aaaeea. Ui ? aecia/aeueieie
oa?aeoa?enoeeaie eaac?ae?oe? Oea, ia?o ca ana, nae?ae?caoe?y, oiaoi,
iaae?eaiiy yaeu, ethaeae ”nayuaiiei” ci?noii, ai?iaaaeaeaiiy o
noni?eueio na?aeii?noue iecee iio??aieo iinooeao?a. Aeey a?iiaaeyi oaea
iaiaeiaiiy aeaaee iaa?oa?oueny ianaaeaeaiiyi aeooo iaaeia??e, no?aoo,
aeiiino, a aiaeii/an ne?iith a??ith a ioae??noue iiaeiiaeaaeoe?a. ?ioith
oa?aeoa?iith ?enith eaac?ae?oe ? iiaea?ei?noue ?? na?aeiiino?.
Na?ae/aiiy oiio – iiaea?ei? noaiaea?oe, ye? ia?aaeaa/athoue, ui aeoiaoe
iiaeia iaeia, a aiai?eoe ?ioa (iai?eeeaae, ieoiaoe?y ?aaeyinueeeie
a?enueeaie Aoaai?noaio, yeo ?iaioaaee ”iaaeaiiyi ?ioa?iaoe?iiaeueii?
aeiiiiiae”). Iane?aeeii iiaea?eii? na?aeiiino? ? iaiaa??a eaac?ae?oe ?
aeieeiaiiy iiaea?eii? ?noeie – iaei??? aeey anueiai na?oo, a ?ioi? –
aeey naii? eaac?ae?oe.

I?aee?aneeii, ui eaac?ae?oa – oea nioe?aeueia, eieaeoeaia yaeua. Aeey
cae?eniaiiy ia?aoiaeo aei ?ioi?, ia ?ethci?ii?, a ?aaeueii? nioe?aeueii?
eiino?oeoe??, iaiao?aeia ia o?eueee iiaa aeooiaia oi?ioaaiiy ia?iaeo, a
e noaiiaeaiiy ?noeiii? ae?oe.

O oi?ioaaii? iie?oe/ii? ae?oe aaeeea cia/aiiy iathoue nenoaie ??
?ae?oooaaiiy. ?ic??ciythoue aea? nenoaie ?ae?oooaaiiy ae?o: nenoaia
a?eueae?e oa aio?ai?aia?nueea nenoaia (i?aei?e?iieoeueea). A /enoiio
aeaeyae? aiie cono??/athoueny ??aeei. Aio?ai?aia?nueea a?eueo oa?aeoa?ia
aeey aeaiie?aoe/ieo aea?aeaa, nenoaia a?eueae?e – aeey aaoi?eoa?ieo, oi/
?? aeaiaioe canoiniaothoueny ? a aeaiie?aoe/ieo e?a?iao, iniaeeai a
aeiiii?oe? ? aea?aeaaii-aaei?i?no?aoeai?e noa??.

Aeey nenoaie a?eueae?e oa?aeoa?i? :

 cae?eo?noue, a?aea?? i?aoaiaeaio?a ia a?eueo aenie? iinaaee ?c naii?
ae?oe, ???a?o?y;

 iayai?noue aenieeo aeiia aeey caiyooy iinaae (ia?o?ei?noue, a?e,
ina?oa, oa?aeoa?enoeea oiui);

 cae?eoa eiei naeaeoi?aoo (ethaee, ui cae?eniththoue a?aea??) – a iueiai
aoiaeyoue eeoa /eaie ea??aiiai i?aaio aeaaee (ath?i, ?aaee oiui) aai
ieoaiiy ae??oo? iaeei ea??aiee – aieiaa o?yaeo, o??ie oiui;

 ?ai?iaeoeooaaiiy ?nioth/iai oeio ae?oe: oioae?oa?iiai, aaoi?eoa?iiai,
aeaiie?aoe/iiai.

Aeey aio?ai?aia?nueei? nenoaie oa?aeoa?i?:

 a?aee?eo?noue, iiaeeea?noue i?aoaiaeoaaoe ia iinaaeo aaaaoueio
i?aaenoaaiee?a ??cieo a?oi;

 iaaaeeea e?euee?noue oi?iaeueieo aeiia;

 oe?iea eiei naeaeoi?aoo, yeee aeeth/a? an?o aeai?oe?a e?a?ie,
eiieo?aioi?noue a?aeai?o;

 ia?oi/a?aiaa cia/ei?noue iniaenoeo yeinoae, ai?iiy caoiieoe ?aeayie ?
i?ia?aiaie;

 iiaeeea?noue aeinyaiaiiy i?iii?oe?eiino? i?aaenoaaeaiiy a ae?o? ??cieo
nioe?aeueieo a?oi ianaeaiiy, iie?oe/ieo ia?o?e ? ?oo?a.

Oe? iaeaea? nenoaie iathoue ye iiceoeai?, oae ? iaaaoeai? ?ene.
Aio?ai?aia?nueea a?aee?eoa aeey iieiaeeo e?aea??a ? ?iiiaaoe?e. I?ioa
?nio? ?iia??i?noue ?eceeo ? iai?ioan?iiae?cio, iaia?aaeaa/aiino? a
iie?oeoe?. Nenoaia a?eueae?e oa?aeoa?eco?oueny a?eueoei
i?ioan?iiae?ciii, aeina?aeii, ia?aaeaa/ai?noth, i?ioa, noeeueia aei
ath?ie?aoecaoe??, eiina?aaoecio, i?eaiaeeoue aei ia?aoai?aiiy a caieiooo
eanoo.

Ioaea, iiaoi?eii one?ae ca iaeiei ?c caniiaiee?a oai??? ae?o
?oae?enueeei a/aiei A.Ia?aoi, iiaeiaa?oueny oea eiionue /e i?, aea
ethaenueea ni?aoiaa?enoai ? iaiaeii??aeiei ? ethaee a?ae??ciythoueny
o?ce/ii, ii?aeueii, ?ioaeaeooaeueii. Ae?oa, i?n?y yei? ia ii/aoeo OO?
no. aeaaeae? a?eueo ie?aneth?oueny ia o i?ioenoaaeaii? naaa ia?iaeo, a o
i?eaaaeaii? aei ni?eueiiai ciaiaiieea ie?aieo ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo aieue,
ye? naiinoaa?aeaeothoue naaa a on?e ?oi?e ??ciiiai?oiino?, oi?io?
e?aea?noai e aaciina?aaeiuei nie?a?oueny ia oaeee aoaeii aeaaee, ye
ath?ie?ao?y.

AENIIAEE

Oaeei /eiii, aeoiaaiiy ae?oe – aaaeeeaa noni?eueia caaea/a. Iaa/aiiy
ainiiaea?nueeiio oi?aae?iith (iaiaaeaeiaioo) ooai?th? oiiae aeey
i?aeaioiaee ethaeae, ye? caeaoi? caeiyoe a aea?aeaa? aenie? iie?oe/i?
iinaaee. Oea ia?aaea/a ciaiue, aeina?aeo aiae?coaaoe neooaoe??, ?icaeoie
oi?aae?inueeeo iaae/ie, aeoiaaiiy a?aeiia?aeaeueiino?, iaa/aiiy
??ciiiai?oiei noeeyi oi?aae?iiy.

E?aea? iiaeiai ai?oe, ye aiai?ea O.*a?/?eeue, aeiaoaaoe ei?enoue ?c
naieo iaaea?aeieo neooaoe?e. Iniaeeaa ienoaoeoai e?aea?a –
ia?aoai?thaaoe a nithciee?a i?eoiaaieo, ? iaa?oue, yaieo noi?ioeaiee?a.

Iao /an ? iaoa e?a?ia aino?i iio?aaothoue iiaa iieie?iiy e?aea??a ?c
no?aoaa?/iei ieneaiiyi, iai?aeeia?iei aa/aiiyi neooaoe??, aiaaiai?noth a
oni?o. Ii?aeiaiiy ia’?eoeaieo nee, iie?oe/ieo ianoaaei, noni?eueieo
o?aaeeoe?e iie?oe/ii? ae?eniino? ooai?th? e?aea?a, aea o?eueee i?e
iniaeeaei eiai neeaae?, ?iaeoa a?i caeeoeoueny neoaeaiaoeai, ea??aieeii
oi/ ? aenieiiinoaaeaiei.

NIENIE ?AEIIAIAeIAAII? E?OA?AOO?E

Eaci?aiei I.A., Eaca?aiei I.I. Oai??y iie?oieia??. – E.: 1996.

Iaeueoeaa A.A. Iniiae iie?oieia??. – I.: 1997.

Ieoaeuen ?. ?aai/ea aiaeaee i?ieaoa?nueeiai i?ienoiaeaeaiey. // Aeeaeia,
1990., ?8.

Aaaee A. Ae?oa, ae?oa?i?noue, e?aea?noai. // A?/a, 1993., eeiaiue.

Aeiiaeaeue AE. Iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai. – I.: 1992.

Neo?aoianeee A. Enoi?e/aneay ?eoieea oe?aeineie yeeou. // Iieeoe/aneay
iuneue, 1994., ?3.

Oaaei?ia A. Ia?oeenneci iinoeiiioienoe/aneie oe?aeineie yeeou. //
Iieeoe/aneay iuneue, 1994., ?3.

Aaeaoeeia E. Anoue ee a Oe?aeia iauaiaoeeiiaeueiua eeaea?u? //
Iieeoe/aneay iuneue, 1994. ?3.

AeIAeAOIE A

Iie?oe/iee e?aea?

Aaoi?eoaoiee /eai i?aai?caoe??, a?oie, noni?euenoaa, iniaenoee aieea
yeiai aeicaiey? eiio a?ae?a?aaaoe aaaiio ?ieue a iie?oe/ieo i?ioeanao ?
neooaoe?yo

Oa?aeoa?i? ?ene

Iniiai? ooieoe??

Iayai?noue ynii? iie?oe/ii? i?ia?aie, a?aeiia?aeii? ?ioa?anai aaeeeeo
nioe?aeueieo a?oi

?ioaa?aoe?y noni?euenoaa, ia`?aeiaiiy ia?iaeieo ian

Iiioey?i?noue, ai?iiy iiaeiaaoeny ethaeyi, caaieiaoaaoe ?o neiiao??

Iaoiaeaeaiiy e i?eeiyooy iioeiaeueieo iie?oe/ieo ??oaiue

Iie?oe/ia aiey, aioiai?noue a?aoe ia naaa a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noue

Nioe?aeueiee a?a?o?aae ? iao?iiaae, caoeno ian a?ae aaccaeiiiy,
i?aeo?eiea ii?yaeeo o noni?euenoa?

Aino?ee ?icoi ? iie?oe/ia ?ioo?oe?y

Eiioi?eaoe?y aeaaee ? ian, caiia?aaiiy a?ae/oaeaiiy a?iiaaeyi a?ae
iie?oe/iiai ea??aieoeoaa

I?aai?caoi?nueeee oaeaio ? i?aoi?nuee? cae?aiino?

Iia?e?caoe?y ian ia ?aae?caoe?th iie?oe/ieo oe?eae

Eaa?oeiaoe?y iie?oe/iiai ono?ith

AeIAeAOIE A

Iie?oe/ia ae?oa

A?aeiinii iaaaeeea nioe?aeueia a?oia, yea eiioeaio?o? a nai?o ?oeao
cia/iee ianya iie?oe/ii? aeaaee, caaacia/oth/e ?ioaa?aoe?th,
noai?aeeiaoe?th e a?aeia?aaeaiiy a iie?oe/ieo onoaiiaao ?ioa?an?a ??cieo
aa?noa noni?euenoaa

Oa?aeoa?i? ?ene

Aa?aio?y i?ioe aeaa?aaeaoe??

E?eoa??? aoaeoeaiino? ae?yeueiino?

Iaaaeeea, aeinoaoiuei naiino?eia nioe?aeueia a?oia

Oe?iea aeani?noue

Aeinyaiooee ??aaiue i?ia?ano ? aeia?iaooo naiai ia?iaeo

Aenieee nioe?aeueiee noaoon

Iie?oe/iee ieth?ae?ci (eiieo?aioe?y ae?o)

Iie?oe/ia noaa?euei?noue noni?euenoaa

Cia/iee ianya aea?aeaaii? ? ?ioi?iaoe?eii? aeaaee

?iciiae?e aeaaee

Iaoe?iiaeueia aaciaea

Aaciina?aaeiy o/anoue o cae?eniaii? aeaaee

A?aee?eo?noue ae?oe aeey nioe?aeueii? iia?eueiino?

Iioeiaeueia ni?aa?aeiioaiiy i?ae a?iiaaeyinueeei noni?euenoaii ?
aea?aeaaith

I?aai?caoi?nuee? cae?aiino? ? oaeaio

Noai?a aeio?eioaaiiy caeiiiino?, aeaiie?aoe/ieo i?ioeaaeo?

PAGE 13

Нашли опечатку? Выделите и нажмите CTRL+Enter

Похожие документы
Обсуждение

Ответить

Курсовые, Дипломы, Рефераты на заказ в кратчайшие сроки
Заказать реферат!
UkrReferat.com. Всі права захищені. 2000-2020