Eaoaae?a i?aeia?iaeii? aeiiii?ee
?AOA?AO
c aeenoeeie?ie:
«Iae?e ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/ii? ae?yeueiino?»
II?OOAEUe AEANIEO AEOe?E
Ei?ii?aoe?y iiaea aeioneaoe aeoe?? aeey aeoe?iia??a, a iio?i /anoi ciiao
eoioaaoe ?o, iai?eeeaae, c iaoith iaea?aeaiiy aeoe?e, iaiao?aeieo aeey
i?ai?thaaiiy ?ia?oiee?a, ca?eueoaiiy noie i?eaooeo ia iaeio aeoe?th aai
aeey oiai, uia iaoe a iayaiino? aeoe?? i?e i?eaeaaii? ?ioeo eiiiai?e.
Oae? aeoe?? i?e oo?eiaii? ei?ii?aoe??th-ai?oaioii ia iathoue i?aaa
aieino, aeea?aeaiae?a oa ?ioeo aeoe?iia?ieo i?aa1.
Eiee ei?ii?aoe?y eoio? aeaniee aeoe?iia?iee eai?oae, aeoeae (ye i?aaeei,
a?io?) ei?ii?aoe?? ciaioothoueny ia aaee/eio oeueiai eai?oaeo. I?e
?aae?caoe?? aeanieo aeoe?e aeieea? i?ioeeaaeiee aoaeo. I?eaeaaiiy
aeanieo aeoe?e a?aeia?aaeathoue ii aeaaaoo ?aooiea “Ii?ooaeue aeanieo
aeoe?e” (ii oeiao aeoe?e) ia noio aeoe?iia?iiai eai?oaeo ? ii e?aaeeoo
?aooiea “A?io? a ean? oa ia ?aooieo”. Ine?eueee ?aooiie “Ii?ooaeue
aeanieo aeoe?e” ia? aeaaaoiaa naeueaei, eiai /anoi iaceaathoue
iaaaoeaiei (aai eiio??aooieii) aeoe?iia?iiai eai?oaeo. sseui aeani?
aeoe?? ?aae?cothoue, ?aooiie aeanieo aeoe?e e?aaeeoothoue ia noio
aa?oino?, a ?aooiie “A?io? a ean? oa ia ?aooieo” aeaaaoothoue. Cae/aeii,
oe?ie i?eaeaaiiy oa ?aae?caoe?? ??ci?, oiio iaiao?aeia a?aeia?aaeaiiy
??cieoe? ia niaoe?aeueiiio ?aooieo “Aianaiee eai?oae”2.
Aooaaeoa?nueeee iae?e ii?ooaey aeanieo aeoe?e cia?aaeaii ia ?ethno?aoe??
12-6. AEo?iaeueiith i?iaiaeeith a?ae ia?oiai n?/iy 2006 ?ieo ?aooiie
“Ii?ooaeue aeanieo aeoe?e” aeaaaoothoue ia noio aa?oino? i?eaeaaieo
aeoe?e ($3.600). AEo?iaeueia i?iaiaeea 15 ethoiai 2006 ?ieo e?aaeeoo?
?aooiie “Ii?ooaeue aeanieo aeoe?e” ia noio aa?oino? noa ?c ?aae?ciaaieo
aeoe?e. Caaaeueiii?eeiyo? i?eioeeie aooaaeoa?nueeiai iae?eo
caai?iiythoue ei?ii?aoe?yi ca?eueooaaoe na?e i?eaooie aai
ia?iciiae?eaiee aeioiae ?iaanooaaiiyi o aeani? aeoe??. Ia ?ethno?aoe??
12-6 iieacaii, ui i?ney ?aae?caoe?? aeoe?e aianaiee eai?oae ca?eueoeany
ia $100, ye? noaiiaeyoue ??cieoeth i?ae aa?o?noth ? oe?iith ?aae?caoe??
aeoe?e (oiaoi 100 aeoe?e o ($13 – $12)). Oeth ??cieoeth ia
a?aeia?aaeathoue ye aeioiae, ye oea aoei a c?iaeaii i?e ?aae?caoe??
aeoeao (iai?eeeaae, ?iaanoeoe?? o ?eieia? oe?ii? iaia?e). A iniia?
oaeiai i?aeoiaeo eaaeeoue iae?eiaa eiioeaioe?y, yea eiinoaoo?, ui
“i?eaooee oa caeoee” a?ae iia?aoe?e c aeanieie aeoe?yie ei?ii?aoe??
a?aeia?aaeathoue o noaooyo aooaaeoa?nueeiai aaeaino (aeoe?iia?iee
eai?oae), a ia ca?oo i?i i?eaooee oa caeoee. Oiio a aooaaeoa?nueeiio
aaeain? “May Corporation”, iieacaiiio a e?ioe? ?ethno?aoe?? 12-6, noia
$100 iaaiaeeoueny a noaoo? “Aianaiee eai?oae, iia?aoe?? c ii?ooaeai
aeanieo aeoe?e”.
?aooiie “Ii?ooaeue aeanieo aeoe?e” i?eiee ia ia? e?aaeeoiaiai naeueaei,
iacaaaeath/e ia oa, ui ?aooiee aeoe?iia?iiai eai?oaeo, ye i?aaeei, eiai
iathoue. ?aooiie “Ii?ooaeue aeanieo aeoe?e” a?aeia?aaea? nei?i/aiiy
aeoe?iia?iiai eai?oaeo, oiio a?i ? iaaaoeaiei. Aeaaaoiaa naeueaei
?aooiea “Ii?ooaeue aeanieo aeoe?e” iieaco? aa?o?noue i?eaeaaiiy aeoe?e,
yeeie i?iaeiaaeo? aieiae?oe eiiiai?y ia aeaoo neeaaeaiiy
aooaaeoa?nueeiai aaeaino. Iiaeea?oueny oe? a?ae?aooaaiiy a aaeain? “May
Corporation” a e?ioe? ?ethno?aoe?? 12-61. Oeae aaeain a?aeia?aaea? iae?e
aeoe?e oae:
Eeaneo?eaoe?y Aeoe??
Iaieioai? 10.000
Iaaeiouai? (2.000)
Aeiouai? 8.000
Aeiouai? oa ciiao eoieai? (200)
*Aeoe?? a ia?ao 7.800
*A?ae??ciythoueny e?euee?noth aeiouaieo oa ciiao eoieaieo aeoe?e
ei?ii?aoe??th-ai?oaioii.
I? i?eaeaaiiy, i? ?aae?caoe?y aeanieo aeoe?e ia aieeaathoue ia
e?euee?noue aeoe?e, ye? aoei aeiouaii aai ia aeiouaii. Caian aeanieo
aeoe?e aieeaa? o?eueee ia e?euee?noue aeoe?e a ia?ao. ?aeeia ??cieoey
i?ae aeanieie ? iaaeiouaieie aeoe?yie iieyaa? a oiio, ui ia?o? i?eiaeii?
iaeei ?ac ?aae?ciaoaaeenue.
Uia i?i?ethno?oaaoe ia?ai?iaeaae aeanieo aeoe?e ca oe?iith ieae/a
aa?oino?, oya?ii, ui 50 aeoe?e aoei aeiaeaoeiai ia?ai?iaeaii
ei?ii?aoe??th 1 ea?oiy 200A ?ieo ii oe?i? $11 ca aeoe?th, oiaoi ia $1
iaioa aa?oino?. A ?acoeueoao? aeo?iaeueia i?iaiaeea aoaea oaeith:
1 ea?oiy 200A ?ieo
A?io? a ean? oa ia ?aooieo 550
Aianaiee eai?oae, iia?aoe?? c aeanieie aeoe?yie 50
Aeani? aeoe??, i?ino? (50 aeoe?e) 600
?aae?ciaaii 50 aeanieo aeoe?e aa?o?noth $12 ca aeoe?th, ii $11 ca
aeoe?th.
Caa?i?oue oaaao, ui ??cieoey i?ae oe?iith ?aae?caoe?? ? aa?o?noth
a?aeia?aaeaeanue ii aeaaaoo oiai ae ?aooiea aianaiiai eai?oaeo, ii
e?aaeeoo yeiai oey ??cieoey a?aeia?aaeaeanue o iiia?aaei?e aeo?iaeuei?e
i?iaiaeoe? (?ethno?aoe?y 12-6). ?aooiie “Ia?iciiae?eaiee aeioiae”
aeaaaoothoue ia /anoeio aai ia anth noio ??cieoe? o?eueee o oiio
aeiaaeeo, eiee ?aooiie “Aianaiee eai?oae, iia?aoe?? c aeanieie aeoe?yie”
ia? iaaeinoaoi? e?aaeeoiaa naeueaei.
AECIA*AIIss AeEA?AeAIAe?A
sse i?aaeei, aeea?aeaiae – oea ?iciiae?e ei?ii?aoe??th a?ioae na?aae
aeoe?iia??a. Aeea?aeaiaee iiaeooue niea/oaaoenue aeoeaaie, a?aei?iieie
a?ae a?ioae, aai aeoe?yie ei?ii?aoe??. Aeea?aeaiaee iathoue aooe
caoaa?aeaeai? ?aaeith aee?aeoi??a ei?ii?aoe?? (oiaoi aeea?aeaiaee
iathoue aooe iaieioai?) aei oiai /ano, ye aiie iiaeooue aooe niea/ai?.
Aeania, oa?i?i aeea?aeaiae icia/a? iae/ano?oa a?ioiaee aeea?aeaiae.
?iciiae?e aeea?aeaiaeo ii aeanieo aeoe?yo ei?ii?aoe?? ia? iacao
aeea?aeaiaeo ii aeoe?yo. Aeea?aeaiaee, ye i?aaeei, aecia/athoueny o
aeiea?ao ia aeoe?th aai ye i?ioeaio a?ae iii?iaeueii? aa?oino?.
Iaieioaiiy oa nieaoa a?ioiaeo aeea?aeaiae?a ciaioo? aeoeae (a?io?) oa
aeoe?iia?iee eai?oae (ia?iciiae?eaiee aeioiae) ia caaaeueio noio
aeea?aeaiae?a. ?ethno?aoe?y 12-7 ?ethno?on iaieioaiiy oa nieaoo a?ioiaeo
aeea?aeaiae?a. Caa?i?oue oaaao ia oa, ui ? aeoeae, ? aeoe?iia?iee
eai?oae ciaioeeenue ia noio a?ioiaiai aeea?aeaiaeo ($12.400).
AeEA?AeAIAeE C IIAEssAeO ?IAANOI?A OA AI?OAIOA
?iaanoi? eoio? aeoe?? ei?ii?aoe??, uia ca?iaeoe a iaeaooiueiio aeioiae
a?ae ?iaanoeoe??, oiaoi ?ic?aoiao? ia iaaeoiaeaeaiiy a?ioiaeo eioo?a
/a?ac iaaiee /an. Oen iaaeoiaeaeaiiy a?ioiaeo eioo?a aei ?iaanoi?a
cae?enith?oueny o aeaa niiniae: 1) ia??iaee/ii o oi?i? aeea?aeaiae?a ii
aeoe?yo; 2) a iiiaio ?aae?caoe?? aeoe?e. ?iaanoi? aaaea?, ui noia oeeo
iaaeoiaeaeaiue aoaea a?eueoith ca ia?aeiio ?iaanoeoe?th a aeoe??.
A?ioia? aeea?aeaiaee ?icaeyaeathoueny ?iaanoi?ii ye aeioiae, oiaoi ye
aeioiae ia ?iaanoeoe?th. Ae?oaee niin?a iaaeoiaeaeaiiy eioo?a aeeth/a?
iiaa?iaiiy ?iaanoeoe?? (a?ae ?aae?caoe?? aeoe?e) ?, ye i?aaeei,
ae?aaea?oueny o ?aae?ciaaieo i?eaooeao aai caeoeao a caeaaeiino? a?ae
oiai, ye ?iaanoi? i?iaea? aeoe??: aeua aai ieae/a oe?ie i?eaeaaiiy. Noie
? /anoioa nieaoe ei?ii?aoe??th aeea?aeaiae?a aieeaathoue ia ?eieiao
aa?o?noue aeoe?e.
Ia?oi/a?aiaei o?iainiaei caaaeaiiyi ei?ii?aoe?? ? io?eiaiiy i?eaooeo ia
?ano?ne, iaaeai? aeoe?iia?aie ? e?aaeeoi?aie. Caeaoi?noue caeo/eoe oa
oo?eiaoe ?ano?ne a?ae nueiaiaei?oi?o oa iioaioe?eieo ?iaanoi??a cia/iith
i??ith caeaaeeoue a?ae aaee/eie ca?oiiai i?eaooeo eiiiai??. Ei?ii?aoe?y
iiaea caeeoeoe aeioiaee aeey ?icoe?aiiy ae?yeueiino? aai nieaoeoe
aeoe?iia?ai aeea?aeaiaee. Iaeiei c iaenooo?a?oeo ieoaiue, c yeeie
noeea?oueny ?aaea aee?aeoi??a ei?ii?aoe??, ? oa, ne?eueee ca?iaeaieo
eioo?a iaiao?aeii caeeoeoe ? ne?eueee ?iciiae?eeoe na?aae aeoe?iia??a o
aeaeyae? ui??/ieo aeea?aeaiae?a.
?ethno?aoe?y 12-7 iieaco?, ui a?ioia? aeea?aeaiaee ciaioothoue ? aeoeae
(a?io?), ? aeoe?iia?iee eai?oae (ia?iciiae?eaiee aeioiae). ?nio? aea?
iniiai? aeiiae uiaei nieaoe a?ioiaeo aeea?aeaiae?a:
1. Aeinoaoi?e ia?iciiae?eaiee aeioiae. Ei?ii?aoe?y ia? iaeiie/eoe
aeinoaoith noio ia?iciiae?eaiiai aeioiaeo, uia ia?ae?eoe noio
aeea?aeaiae?a. Caeiie i?i ei?ii?aoe?th, ye i?aaeei, iaeeaaeathoue
iaiaaeaiiy ia a?ioia? aeea?aeaiaee. Iai?eeeaae, caeiie /anoi
iaiaaeothoue aeea?aeaiaee aio?aeith a?aeiinii caeeoeo ia?iciiae?eaiiai
aeioiaeo. C iaoith ?icoe?aiiy ae?iaieoeoaa, aaaaoi ei?ii?aoe?e ia
niea/othoue a?eueoa, i?ae 40–60 i?ioeaio?a na?aaeiuei? noie /enoiai
aeioiaeo ca ??e o aeaeyae? aeea?aeaiae?a.
2. Aeinoaoiy noia aio?aee. Ei?ii?aoe?y ioneoue iaoe noio aio?aee,
aeinoaoith aeey nieaoe aeea?aeaiae?a ? caaeiaieaiiy iia?aoe?eieo iio?aa
i?aei?e?inoaa. Oie oaeo, ui ?aooiie “Ia?iciiae?eaiee aeioiae” ia? aaeeea
e?aaeeoiaa naeueaei, cian?i ia icia/a?, ui ?aaea aee?aeoi??a iiaea
iaieineoe ? aeieaoeoe aeea?aeaiaee aio?aeith. Aio?aea, ca?iaeaia a
ieioeiio ? a?aeia?aaeaia ia ?aooieo “Ia?iciiae?eaiee aeioiae”, iiaea
aooe aeo?a/aia ia noai?aiiy caian?a, i?eaeaaiiy iia?aoe?eieo aeoea?a
?/aai nieaoo ciaia’ycaiue. A?aeiia?aeii, ia ?nio? iaiao?aeiiai
aca?iica’yceo i?ae caeeoeaie ia?iciiae?eaiiai aeioiaeo ? caeeoeii
aio?aee ia aoaeue-yeo aeaoo (i?inoi ia?iciiae?eaiee aeioiae ia ?
aio?aeith).
?ethno?aoe?y 12-7 iieaco?, ui naeueaei ?aooiea “A?io? a ean? oa ia
?aooieo” noaiiaeoue $20.000, a naeueaei ?aooiea “Ia?iciiae?eaiee
aeioiae” – $30.000. Aeyaey?oueny, ui o oeueiio i?eeeaae? aio?aea iiaea
aooe no?eioth/ei oaeoi?ii aeey aeea?aeaiae?a. Aeaye? eiiiai??
ae??oothoue oeth i?iaeaio (i?eiaeii? oei/aniai) iice/aiiyi a?ioae aeey
nieaoe aeea?aeaiae?a. Caeeoie ia?iciiae?eaiiai aeioiaeo ? iaio aio/eei
iaiaaeaiiyi, ine?eueee ia?iciiae?eaiee aeioiae ia iiaeia iice/eoe.
AeEA?AeAIAeE II I?EA?EAEIAAIEO AEOe?ssO
Iaaaaea?ii, ui i?ea?eaeiaai? aeoe?? iathoue iaai? ia?aaaae iaae i?inoeie
aeoe?yie. Ia?oith aecia/aeueiith oa?aeoa?enoeeith i?ea?eaeiaaieo aeoe?e
? ia?aaaae uiaei aeea?aeaiae?a. Aeea?aeaiaei? i?ea?ea? iiaeia
eeaneo?eoaaoe oae:
· I?ea?eae iioi/ieo aeea?aeaiae?a.
· I?ea?eae eoioeyoeaieo aeea?aeaiae?a.
· I?ea?eae aeea?aeaiae?a uiaei ?iciiae?eo i?eaooeo.
I?ea?eaeiaai? aeoe?? iiaeooue iaoe iaeei aai e?eueea i?ea?ea?a. Noaooo ?
na?oeo?eaoe aeoe?e ei?ii?aoe?? iathoue aecia/aoe oa?aeoa?i? ?ene
i?ea?eaeiaaieo aeoe?e.
I?ea?eae iioi/ieo aeea?aeaiae?a i?ea?eaeiaaieo aeoe?e
I?ea?eaeiaai? aeoe?? caaaeaee iathoue i?ea?eae iioi/ieo aeea?aeaiae?a.
Eiee iaieioothoue aoaeue-ye? aeea?aeaiaee, iioi/iee i?ea?eaeiaaiee
aeea?aeaiae ia? aooe iaieioaii ? niea/aii aei iaieioaiiy ? nieaoe
aoaeue-yeeo aeea?aeaiae?a ii i?inoeo aeoe?yo. Eiee i?ea?eae iioi/ieo
aeea?aeaiae?a a?aoiaaii (? a?eueoa iaia? ?ioeo i?ea?ea?a), oiae? iiaeia
niea/oaaoe aeea?aeaiaee aeanieeai i?inoeo aeoe?e. I?ea?eae iioi/ieo
aeea?aeaiae?a i?ea?eaeiaaieo aeoe?e, ye? iathoue iii?iaeueio aa?o?noue,
– oea iaaiee i?ioeaio a?ae iii?iaeueii? aa?oino? i?ea?eaeiaaii? aeoe??.
Iaieioai? aeea?aeaiaee iathoue aooe ?iciiae?eai? i?ae i?ea?eaeiaaieie oa
i?inoeie aeoe?yie. A ia?oo /a?ao iaiao?aeii caaeiaieueieoe i?ea?ea?
i?ea?eaeiaaieo aeoe?e, ? o?eueee ii?ney caeeoie caaaeueieo aeea?aeaiae?a
iiaea aooe ?iciiae?eaiee i?ae i?inoeie aeoe?yie. Ia ?ethno?aoe?? 12-8
(aeiaaeie A) iieacaii ?iciiae?e iioi/ieo aeea?aeaiae?a aeey /ioe?ueio
??cieo neooaoe?e uiaei caaaeueii? noie aeea?aeaiae?a aei nieaoe.
I?ea?eae eoioeyoeaieo aeea?aeaiae?a i?ea?eaeiaaieo aeoe?e
Eoioeyoeaia i?ea?eaeiaaia aeoe?y ia? i?ea?eae, yeee aecia/a?, ui eiee
aanue iioi/iee aeea?aeaiae aai eiai /anoeio (iai?eeeaae, 6% ia
?ethno?aoe?? 12-8) ia niea/aii, oi ianiea/aia noia noa? caai?aiaaieie
aeea?aeaiaeaie. Ca?aene, yeui i?ea?eaeiaai? aeoe?? eoioeyoeai?, oi noio
aoaeue-yeeo caai?aiaaieo i?ea?eaeiaaieo aeea?aeaiae?a ia? aooe niea/aii
aei nieaoe aoaeue-yeeo aeea?aeaiae?a ii i?inoeo aeoe?yo. I?ioyaii
iaeiiai ?ieo aeanieee i?ea?eaeiaaieo aeoe?e ia iiaeooue io?eiaoe
aeea?aeaiaee, ye? o noi? ia?aaeuothoue aeea?aeaiaeiee i?ea?eae iioi/iiai
?ieo iethn an? caai?aiaai? aeea?aeaiaee. Cae/aeii, yeui i?ea?eaeiaai?
aeoe?? iaeoioeyoeai?, oi aeea?aeaiaee i?eiee ia caai?aiaothoue, oiio
aoaeue-ye? i?iiouai? aeea?aeaiaee (oiaoi iaiaieioai?) iino?eii
ao?a/athoueny aeanieeaie i?ea?eaeiaaieo aeoe?e. Ine?eueee oea ia
caaeiaieueiy? i?ea?eaeiaaieo aeoe?iia??a, i?ea?eaeiaai? aeoe?? cae/aeii
? eoioeyoeaieie.
?iciiae?e aeea?aeaiae?a i?ae eoioeyoeaieie i?ea?eaeiaaieie ? i?inoeie
aeoe?yie iieacaii ia ?ethno?aoe?? 12-8 (aeiaaeie A) aeey /ioe?ueio
??cieo neooaoe?e uiaei caaaeueii? noie aeea?aeaiae?a aei nieaoe.
Cacia/oa, ui caai?aiaai? aeea?aeaiaee niea/othoueny ia?oeie, iae?aco
i?ney nieaoe iioi/iiai aeea?aeaiaeo, ?, ia?aoo?, caeeoie niea/o?oueny
aeanieeai i?inoeo aeoe?e.
Ii aeayeeo i?ea?eaeiaaieo aeoe?yo iiaeooue niea/oaaoenue aeea?aeaiaee,
ye? a?eueo? ca iaiao?aeio i?i?iaeueio noio. I?ea?eaeiaai? aeoe??, ye?
i?eeiathoue o/anoue o ?iciiae?e? i?eaooeo, ?icaeyaeathoueny o aeiaeaoeo
12A.
AeEA?AeAIAe, NIEA*AIEE AEOe?ssIE
?aaea aee?aeoi??a iiaea i?iaieinoaaoe ca iaieioaiiy oa ai?n?th
aeea?aeaiae?a o aeaeyae? aeoe?e cai?noue a?ioae. Aeea?aeaiae, niea/aiee
aeoe?yie, – oea aaceiooiaiee ?iciiae?e ia i?iii?oe?ei?e iniia?
aeiaeaoeiaeo aeoe?e aeaniiai aeoe?iia?iiai eai?oaeo ei?ii?aoe?? na?aae
aeoe?iia??a. Aeea?aeaiaee, niea/ai? aeoe?yie, ye i?aaeei, neeaaeathoueny
c i?inoeo aeoe?e, aeiouaieo aeey aeaniee?a i?inoeo aeoe?e. I?iii?oe?eia
iniiaa icia/a?, ui eiaeiee aeoe?iia? iaea?aeo? aeiaeaoeia? aeoe??
a?aeiia?aeii aei i?ioeaioa aeoe?e, yeeie a?i aaea aieiae??. Aeoe?iia?,
yeee ia? 10 i?ioeaio?a aeoe?e a ia?ao, iaea?aeeoue 10 i?ioeaio?a
aoaeue-yeeo aeiaeaoeiaeo aeoe?e, aeiouaieo ye aeea?aeaiaee. Caaaeyee
oeueiio aeea?aeaiaee, niea/ai? aeoe?yie, ia ci?iththoue i?iii?oe?eio
/anoeo aeaniino? eiaeiiai aeoe?iia?a, ia i?ecaiaeyoue aei ?iciiae?eo
aoaeue-yeeo aeoea?a (iai?eeeaae, a?ioae) ei?ii?aoe?? na?aae aeoe?iia??a,
a oaeiae ia aieeaathoue ia caaaeueiee aeoe?iia?iee eai?oae
ei?ii?aoe??-ai?oaioa. I?eionoeii, ui o eiiiai?? “King Corporation”
ciaoiaeeoueny 100.000 i?inoeo aeoe?e a ia?ao ca iii?iaeii $5, i?iaeaieo
nii/aoeo ii oe?i? $8 ca aeoe?th. ?aaea aee?aeoi??a i?iaieinoaaea ca
iaieioaiiy ? ai?n?th 10 i?ioeaio?a aeea?aeaiae?a, niea/aieo i?inoeie
aeoe?yie (oiaoi 10.000 aeoe?e), eiee ?eieiaa aa?o?noue i?inoeo aeoe?e
noaiiaeea $11 ca aeoe?th. Iaieioaiiy ? ai?n?y aeea?aeaiaeo, niea/aiiai
aeoe?yie “King Corporation”, a?aeia?aaea?oueny oaeith i?iaiaeeith1:
Caa?i?oue oaaao, ui o iaaaaeai?e aeua i?iaiaeoe? ia?iciiae?eaiee aeioiae
ciaioeany ia $110.000, aianaiee eai?oae (oiaoi i?ino? aeoe?? ? eai?oae,
aianaiee iiiaae iii?iaeueio aa?o?noue) ca?eueoeany ia $110.000, aeoeae ?
ianeae ia ci?ieeeny. Ioaea, aeea?aeaiaee, niea/ai? aeoe?yie, ia ci?ieee
caaaeueiiai aeoe?iia?iiai eai?oaeo, a o?eueee naeueaei aeayeeo ?aooie?a,
ye? aoiaeyoue aei aeoe?iia?iiai eai?oaeo. Oea ia?aianaiiy noie ?c
ia?iciiae?eaiiai aeioiaeo aei aianaiiai (oiaoi iino?eiiai) eai?oaeo
/anoi iaceaathoue eai?oae?caoe??th aeioiaeo, ine?eueee aiii ciaioo? noio
ia?iciiae?eaiiai aeioiaeo, yeo iiaea aooe aeo?a/aii ia iaeaooi?
aeea?aeaiaee.
I?ney nieaoe aeea?aeaiae?a aeoe?yie eiaeiee aeoe?iia? aieiae?? o??th ae
/anoeiith ei?ii?aoe??, ye ? ?ai?oa. Aeoe?iia?e ia iaea?aeothoue aeiaeieo
aeiaeaoeiaeo aeoea?a (o?eueee aeiaeaoeia? aeoe??, ui i?aaenoaaeythoue oo
ae naio caaaeueio aa?o?noue, yeith aeoe?iia?e aieiae?ee aei oeueiai
/ano). Ine?eueee oo ae aa?o?noue i?aaenoaaey? a?eueoa e?euee?noue
aeoe?e, ?eieiaa aa?o?noue iaei??? aeoe?? ciaioeoueny o a?aeiia?aei?e
i?iii?oe??.
Caa?i?oue oaaao, ui o iiia?aaei?e aeo?iaeuei?e i?iaiaeoe? noia,
ia?aianaia c ?aooiea “Ia?iciiae?eaiee aeioiae” aei ?aooiea “Aianaiee
eai?oae”, aoea iioi/iith ?eieiaith aa?o?noth aeoe?e, aeiouaieo o
aeaeyae? aeea?aeaiae?a. Noio ?eieiai? aa?oino? iiaeia aaaaeaoe
i?aaeeueiith oiae?, eiee e?euee?noue aeoe?e o aeaeyae? aeea?aeaiae?a
iacia/ia: iaioa ca 25% a?ae e?eueeino? aeoe?e, ye? aaea ciaoiaeyoueny a
ia?ao. O oiio aeiaaeeo, eiee e?euee?noue aeoe?e o aeaeyae? aeea?aeaiae?a
aaeeea (oiaoi a?eueoa ca 25%), noia, ui ia?aiineoueny, aoaea caaaeueiith
iii?iaeueiith aa?o?noth aeiouaieo aeoe?e.
A?aoiaioe ia ei?enoue aeea?aeaiae?a, niea/aieo aeoe?yie
Niea/ai? aeoe?yie aeea?aeaiaee /anoi aea?aei? ye aeey ei?ii?aoe??, oae ?
aeey aeoe?iia?a. Ia?oi/a?aiaeie oe?eyie oaeeo aeea?aeaiae?a ?:
1. I?aeo?eioaaoe iine?aeiai?noue aeea?aeaiae?a. Aaaaoi ei?ii?aoe?e
aaaaeathoue ca aeioe?eueia iaieiooaaoe aeea?aeaiaee ui?ieo. O aeiaaeeo
ianoa/? a?ioae ieoaiiy nieaoe aeea?aeaiae?a iiaea aooe ae??oaia ai?n??th
aeoe?e» Niea/ai? aeoe?yie aeea?aeaiaee – caaeiaieueiythoue iio?aae
aeoe?iia??a o iino?eieo aeea?aeaiaeao ? a oie aea /an onoaathoue iio?aao
a aio?aoe?. E??i oiai, aeea?aeaiaee o aeaeyae? aeoe?e, ia
?icoe?iththoueny ye aeioiae aeoe?iia?a, yeee i?aeeyaa? iiiaeaoeoaaiith.
Aeoe?iia?e ?icaeyaeathoue aeea?aeaiaee, niea/ai? aeoe?yie, cian?i i?ae
?ioei eooii ci?o, i?ae a?ioia?.
2. Eai?oae?coaaoe ia?iciiae?eaiee aeioiae. Niea/ai? aeoe?yie
aeea?aeaiaee aeei?enoiaothoueny aeey ia?aianaiiy ia?iciiae?eaiiai
aeioiaeo aei iino?eiiai eai?oaeo, ui onoaa? iiaeeea?noue nieaoe oeueiai
aeioiaeo o aeaeyae? a?ioiaeo aeea?aeaiae?a. sseui ei?ii?aoe?y iino?eii
ia ?iciiae?ey? aaeeeee a?aenioie naiai i?eaooeo c iaoith iioe?aiiy
ae?yeueiino?, a?aeiia?aei? eiooe /anoi ?iaanoothoueny o aeiaaino?ieia?
aeoeae, oae? ye caaiae oa ?ioa iaeii. Niea/ai? aeoe?yie aeea?aeaiaee –
oea c?o/iee can?a eai?oae?caoe?? ?iciiae?eaiiai aeioiaeo.
?ICAe??AIAIIss AEOe?E
?icae??aiaiiy aeoe?e – oea ia aeea?aeaiaee. Aiii iiae?aia aei
aeea?aeaiae?a, niea/aieo aeoe?yie, ? oiio eiai /anoi ieooathoue c ieie,
iaeiae, ana ae oaee aiii a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae aeea?aeaiae?a, niea/aieo
aeoe?yie, ine?eueee ?icae??aiaiiy aeoe?e aieeaa? ia ?aooiee
aeoe?iia?iiai eai?oaeo. I?e ?icae??aiaii? aeoe?e caaaeueia e?euee?noue
iaieioaieo aeoe?e ca?eueoo?oueny ia iaaio aaee/eio, iai?eeeaae, iaeia
ae?iaeoueny ia aea?. O oeueiio aeiaaeeo eiaeio aeoe?th, ui ciaoiaeeoueny
o aeaniino?, a?aeceaathoue, a cai?noue ia? aeioneathoue aea? iia?. sse
i?aaeei, eiee ?icae??aiaiiy aeoe?e noi?iaiaeaeo?oueny ciaioaiiyi
iii?iaeueii?, aai anoaiiaeaii?, aa?oino? an?o iaieioaieo aeoe?e oaeei
/eiii, ui ?o caaaeueia iii?iaeueia aa?o?noue (a aeiea?ao) caeeoa?oueny
iaci?iiith. Iai?eeeaae, i?eiono?oue, ui ia?aae ?icae??aiaiiyi a ia?ao
ciaoiaeeeeny 1.000 aeoe?e ca iii?iaeii $20 eiaeia. Oea ?icae??aiaiiy
aeoe?e aeeth/aei ciaioaiiy iii?iaeueii? aa?oino? eiaeii? iiai? aeoe??
aei $10 oa ai?n?th 2.000 aeoe?e c iii?iaeueiith aa?o?noth $10. Ia
a?aei?io a?ae aeea?aeaiae?a, niea/aieo aeoe?yie, ?icae??aiaiiy aeoe?e ia
ia?aiineoue ia?iciiae?eaiee aeioiae aei aianaiiai eai?oaeo. O
ia?aianaii? eioo?a iaia? iaiao?aeiino?, ine?eueee ciaioaiiy iii?iaeueii?
aa?oino? aeoe?e eiiiaino? ca?eueoaiiy ?o e?eueeino?. Aieiaiei
i??eoaaiiyi aeey ?icae??aiaiiy aeoe?e ? ciaioaiiy ?eieiai? aa?oino?
aeoe??, yea i?ecaiaeeoue aei ca?eueoaiiy aeoeaiino? oeeo aeoe?e ia
?eieo. ?iiae? ei?ii?aoe?y aaaea? ciaioeoe e?euee?noue aeoe?e a ia?ao.
?aeeiei caniaii oaeiai ciaioaiiy ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy cai?ioiiai
?icae??aiaiiy aeoe?e. Aeea?aeaiaee, niea/ai? aeoe?yie, aeiaaathoue
aeo?iaeueii? i?iaiaeee, oiae? ye ?icae??aiaiiy aeoe?e – i?.
sse i?e nieao? aeea?aeaiae?a o aeaeyae? aeoe?e, oae ? i?e ?icae??aiaii?
aeoe?e aeoe?iia? iaea?aeo? aeiaeaoeia? aeoe??, ia aeo?a/ath/e i?e
oeueiio aeiaeieo aeiaeaoeiaeo aeoea?a.
AeAOE AeEA?AeAIAe?A
?ai?oa ie i?eioneaee, ui aeea?aeaiaee niea/othoueny iaaaeii i?ney ?o
iaieioaiiy ?aaeith aee?aeoi??a. sse i?aaeei, ?nio? iaaiee i?ii?aeie /ano
i?ae iaieioaiiyi oa nieaoith. O oeiiaiio aeiaaeeo iaieioaiiy
aeea?aeaiae?a a?aeaoaa?oueny oae:
Aeaaaeoeyoiai eenoiiaaea 2006 ?ieo ?aaea aee?aeoi??a eiiiai?? “XY
Corporation” iaieioo? aeea?aeaiaee aio?aeith o ?ici??? $0.50 ia aeoe?th
aeey 200.000 i?inoeo aeoe?e aac anoaiiaeaiiai iii?iaeo, ye?
ciaoiaeyoueny a ia?ao. Aeea?aeaiaee aoaea niea/aii 15 n?/iy 200A ?ieo
aeoe?iia?ai, ye? ca?a?no?iaai? ia 15 a?oaeiy 200A ?ieo.
Oea iaieioaiiy aecia/a? o?e aaaeeea? aeaoe.
1. Aeaoo iaieioaiiy. Aeaaaeoeyoa eenoiiaaea 200A ?ieo – aeaoa
io?oe?eiiai caoaa?aeaeaiiy aeea?aeaiae?a ?aaeith aee?aeoi??a. sse
o?eueee cae?eniaii ioae?/ia iaieioaiiy aeea?aeaiae?a, eiai aaea
iaiiaeeeai neanoaaoe. Oiio ciaia’ycaiiy ii aeea?aeaiaeao aeieea? iaaaeii
i?ney ?o iaieioaiiy. Ia aeaoo iaieioaiiy “XY Corporation” ia? c?iaeoe
oaeo aeo?iaeueio i?iaiaeeo:
20 eenoiiaaea 2006 ?ieo:
Ia?iciiae?eaiee aeioiae (aai “Iaieioai? aeea?aeaiaee”) 100.000
Aeea?aeaiaee aei nieaoe 100.000
Iaieioaii aeea?aeaiaee aio?aeith: 200.000 aeoe?e o $0.50 – $ 100.000.
“Aeea?aeaiaee aei nieaoe” a aooaaeoa?nueeiio aaeain? ca noaiii ia 31
a?oaeiy 2006 ?ieo aoaea a?aeia?aaeaii ye iioi/i? ciaia’ycaiiy.
Aeaoo ?a?no?aoe??. I’yoiaaeoeyoa a?oaeiy 2006 ?ieo – ianooiia aeaoa
i?ney aeaoe iaieioaiiy. Aecia/a?oueny, ye i?aaeei, i?eaeecii /a?ac
i?nyoeue. Oea aeaoa, ia yeo ei?ii?aoe?y aioo? ia?ae?e aeoe?iia??a ia
iniia? ?a?no?o aeoe?iia??a. Aeea?aeaiaee ia? aooe niea/aii o?eueee oei
aeanieeai aeoe?e, ye? ca?a?no?iaai? ia oeth aeaoo. Ioaea, ci?ia aeanieea
aeoe?e ei?ii?aoe?? aei oe??? aeaoe i?ecaaaea aei oiai, ui aeea?aeaiaee
aoaea niea/aii iiaiio aeanieeo. sseui ci?ia a?aeaoaeaoueny i?ney oe???
aeaoe, oi aeea?aeaiaee aoaea niea/aii eieeoiueiio aeanieeia?, iiaee aea
io?eia? an? ianooii? aeea?aeaiaee. Ia oeth aeaoo aeiaeieo aeo?iaeueieo
i?iaiaeie ia ?iaeoueny.
Aeaoo nieaoe. I’yoiaaeoeyoiai n?/iy 2008 ?ieo aio?aeith niea/o?oueny
ciaia’ycaiiy ii aeea?aeaiaeao. Oey aeaoa ianooiia i?ney aeaoe
?a?no?aoe??, ye oea aecia/aii a iaieioaii? aeea?aeaiae?a. Nieaoo
aeea?aeaiae?a aio?aeith “XY Corporation” a?aeia?aaea? oaeith
i?iaiaeeith:
15 n?/iy 2008 ?ieo:
Aeea?aeaiaee aei nieaoe 100.000
A?io? a ean? oa ia ?aooieo 100.000
Nieaoeoe ciaia’ycaiiy ii aeea?aeaiaeao aio?aeith, iaieioaieo ?
ca?a?no?iaaieo 20 eenoiiaaea 2006 ?ieo.
Aeey iaa/aeueieo oe?eae oeae i?ii?aeie /ano iiaeia i?i?aii?oaaoe,
ine?eueee ia a?aeaoeiny i?/iai aaaeeeaiai. Aei oiai ae, yeui an? o?e
aeaoe i?eiaaeathoue ia iaeei ca?oiee ia??iae, iiaeia c?iaeoe iaeio
i?iaiaeeo c nooi i?aeoe/ieo i??eoaaiue.
E?OA?AOO?A
1. Aooeiaoeue O. O. Aooaaeoa?nueeee iae?e o ca?oa?aeieo e?a?iao –
AEeoiie?: II “?ooa”, 2002.
2. I?oaeeiae/ AE. Aooo/ao a ca?oaaaeiuo no?aoao – I?ine: III «Ienaioa»:
III «OO Aiioi?i», 2003.
3. Ia?oaiia E.A. Iaaeaeoia?iaeiua noaiaea?oe oeiainiaie io/aoiinoe. I.:
«Ia?oaiia.?o», 2003
4. Caaai?iaeiee A.I. Ianoieueiay eieaa aooaaeoa?a iaeiai aeciana. – E.:
Ae?A?, Aeaei?, 2000. – 608 n.
5. C.O. Aieia, A.I. Einoth/aiei. Aooaaeoa?nueeee iae?e ca i?aeia?iaeieie
noaiaea?oaie: i?eeeaaee oa eiiaioa??. I?aeoe/iee iin?aiee. – E.: E?a?a,
2001. – 840n.
6. Aaeo Aeai A., Oi?o Aeai?ae A. Iniiae o?iainiaiai iae?eo / Ia?. C
aiae. I.I?i?i, I.Oea/. – E.: Iniiae, 1997. – 943n.
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