.

Юрій Хмельницький

Язык: украинский
Формат: курсова
Тип документа: Word Doc
0 1999
Скачать документ

TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee

Aaoueiai Oe?a?ie TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee aoa /e ia iaeiieiaeoith aeeoeiith
iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?iy Oe?a?ie Aiaaeaia Oiaeueieoeueeiai oa eiai ia?oi?
ae?oaeeie Aaiie Niiei. A?i ia?iaeeany aeanue 1640 aai 1641 ?ieo, i?i ui
iina?aaeiuei na?ae/aoue ??ci? aeaea?aea. Oae, a?aeiiee iieuenueeee
o?ii?no Aanian?yi Eaoianueeee aeacoaaa, ui i?ae /an *oaei?anueei? aeoae
1660 ?ieo TH?anaa? Oiaeueieoeueeiio aoei aeaaaeoeyoue. Iieiaeee
aaoueiaie/ ae?noaa iaiiaaio aeiiaoith ina?oo, aoa aeia?a ia?ciaiee ?c
Nayoei ienueiii, i?a /eoaoe e ienaoe ia eeoa oe?a?inueeith, aea e
oea?eiaiineia’yinueeith, iieuenueeith, a?aoeueeith oa eaoeinueeith
iiaaie, oi/ ? iinooiaany a oeueiio a?aeiioaii? nai?io aaoueeia?. A/eany
TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee ? a Ee?ai-Iiaeeyinueeiio eieaa?oi?, aea iaaeiaai,
ai /a?ac iia??oaiiy caei?ia’y Aiaaeai iiaa?ioa neia aei *eae?eia.
I?ci?oa, aaea ye aaoueiai, TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee noaa?aeea
aaouee?anueeee i?ea?eae eieaa?oio, cacia/eaoe, ui a?i nai aoa eieenue
eiai o/iai. A?aeiii oaeiae, ui iaeiei ?c a/eoae?a aaoueiaie/a o
eieaa?oi? aoa aeaeaoiee oe?a?inueeee ienueiaiiee, o?einio e oaieia
?iaii?e?e Aaeyoianueeee. Iiaa?ioaoenue aeiaeiio, TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee
i?iaeiaaeea iaoeo. A iaeiiio c aeieoiaio?a 1656 ?ieo iaceaa?oueny ?i’y
aeiiaoiueiai a/eoaey aaoueiaie/a — /aioey Ee?ai-Ia/a?nueei? eaa?e
?ea??iia Aeia?iae?yoea.

I?i ciai?oi?noue TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai iiaeia noaeeoe c Aeaio aeaui
i?ci?oeo ii?o?ao?a, iaeei c yeeo iiaeaaaany a i?iaoeuee?e ae?oeiaai?e
o?ii?oe? “Oaao? ?a?iie”, a ae?oaee — o e?oiien? Nai?eea Aaee/ia. Ia
noia?a/eoue oeei ii?o?aoai ? neiaaniee iien ciai?oiino? TH.
Oiaeueieoeueeiai. Iieiaeiai aaoueiaie/a iienaee aeoaea eaeii?/ii:
oaiiiaieinee thiae, ni?ii’yceeaee, ne?iiiee, neooee o ?ooao, a?eueoa
neeaeaany ia /aioey. Ni?iea??/iiai TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai iienaee
aeaoaeuei?oa ? a aeaui ?ioee niin?a: ethaeeia iaaaeeea ia c??no,
ca?aaia, yea iaea aeaeiaaeaia iaee//y c iaaaeeeeie, aeeaiei
iinaaeaeaieie i/eia, ui ?iaeei iiaeyae aino?ei ? aeaui iani?oeoaaoei,
aino?ee i?n, iaeaiueeee ?io. *enoa iaee//y, iaaaeee? aona. Iaeyaiaiee o
aeoiai, oaieo, iia?acaiee iieuenueeei ianii, iaa i?e nia? oaaeth,
naiiiae ? i?noie?. Nai?eei Aaee/ei iacaaa o nai?io oai?? aaoueiaie/a
?aiooii (“c iaoo?e ?aioo”), aea oaeee a?aeaoe ai?iaea ianoaaeaiiai aei
oeueiai aaoueiaia ?noi?eea ia ? aeinoia??iei. Iai?ee?ioe? 50-o ?ie?a aoa
ua cian?i iieiaeith ethaeeiith, yea a?aecia/aeany iiaiaei?noth. Ia
inoaiiueiio ae a?aeoeieo naiai aeeooy, i/aaeaeii, iaaeieoaeea ?iee
aneaoecio, ai aeaye? aeaea?aea iaaeaicia/ii iaoyeathoue ia iano?eii?noue
eiai iniaenoiai aeeooy.

A?aeiiino? i?i aaoueiaie/a ana /ano?oa c’yaeythoueny i?ney 1653 ?ieo,
eiee ii caaeaae? noa?oiai a?aoa Oeiioa a?i noaa ?aeeiei niaaeei?ioeai
Aiaaeaia ii /ieia?/?e e?i??, 4 ? noa?ee aaoueiai ona /ano?oa iiaeoioaaa
i?i ia?aaea/o eiio nai?? aoeaae. Ia aeiaaeeiai, naia eiai, ua
o?noiaaeoeyoe??/iiai thiaea, Aiaaeai Oiaeueieoeueeee i?ecia/ea iaeaciei
aaoueiaiii ? aei?o/ea i?aeaioiaeo iioiaeo oe?a?inueeiai a?enueea ia
Oaoeee. Cae/aeii, oaea i?ecia/aiiy aoei aaaaoi a /iio oi?iaeueiei, ai
?aaeueii oeth i?aeaioiaeo i?iaiaeeee aeina?ae/ai? iieeiaieee ?aai Aiaoi
oa A?eai??e E?nieoeueeee, aea a?oio aeey ia?aaea/? neiia? aoeaae Aiaaeai
Oiaeueieoeueeee caeeaa. Ia aeeaii, ui ?iicaii? iinee, ye? a?aea?aeaee
*eae?ei o ia?o?e iieiaei? 1657 ?ieo, ana /ano?oa iaceaathoue TH??y
Oiaeueieoeueeiai aaoueiaiii, iaa?oue ia iaeaciei (!). Nai Aiaaeai
niiae?aaany, ui i?ae ii?eith aaia?aeueiiai iena?y Aeaianueeiai iieiaeoee
nei aeinyaia ? iiaiie?ooy, noaia iiaiii?aaiei aaoueiaiii ? i?iaeiaaeeoue
ni?aao aaoueea. Aea oeae caaeoi aeyaeany iiieeeiaei. A?i ia a?aoiaoaaa
iiaiith i??ith ?icnoaiiaeo iie?oe/ieo nee a Oe?a?i? e a?aenooi?noue
oaeaioo aea?aeaaiiai ae?y/a, aaei?i?no?aoi?a /e iieeiaiaeoey o cian?i ua
iieiaeiai iauaaeea.

Ii nia?o? Aiaaeaia Oiaeueieoeueeiai TH??e noaa aeoaea aeecueei aei
aaoueiainueei? aoeaae e ia aeeeth/aii, ui ia ia?oeo noa?oeinueeeo ?aaeao
eiai i?iaieiooaaee aaoueiaiii, oa aei caaaeueii? eicaoeueei? ?aaee
ni?aaa ia i?inoioeany. Aaoueiainueea aoeaaa ia?aeoea oiae? aei ?oe ?aaia
Aeaianueeiai, eieeoiueiai aaia?aeueiiai iena?y A?enueea Caii?icueeiai.
TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee /a?ac oea ii/oaaany aeeaiei ia?aaeaiei ? aei
e?ioey aeeooy ia ci?a i?iaa/eoe oeueiai Aeaianueeiio. Aeiaeaa ai?iaeia/?
e nai Aeaianueeee, eio?ee acya ? /anoeio nea?a?a Aiaaeaia, oi/ ? iaa ia
ieo i?aai i?eiaeii? ye ?iaee/ (eiai a?ao Aeaieei aoa iae?oaeaiee ia
aei/oe? ? Aiaaeaia Oiaeueieoeueeiai, nano?? TH??y). Oeei iniaenoei ?
eiioe?eoii nei?enoaeany iiiceoe?y i?ioe Aeaianueeiai, eio??e aoei aeoaea
aea?aeii i?ee?eaaoe nai? ae?yiiy ?iaiai aaeeeiai Aiaaeaia. O aeai?e
neooaoe?? /e ia aia?oa aeyaeee ny ineo?/i? aaaee oa?aeoa?o TH??y
Oiaeueieoeueeiai, eio?? iiaeii? aoee a canoa?aaoe i?eoeeueiee?a eiai
ia?aiiy aaoueiaiii: iaaei??ia /anoiethanoai oa aai?ci, iauaneeai
ii?aeiai? c iaaei??ieie a?aceea?noth oa iaa??aiiaaaeai?noth, c
i?aeic??e?noth oa neaaeith aieath.

TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee ona neeuei?oa aiaaaeoaaany a iie?oeeo, a ?io?eae
i?ioe Aeaianueeiai, iath/e oaeeo “aeia?eo” ii?aaeoe?a ye ?aai
A?thoiaaoeueeee. Iaaeiaaeeiai, eiee 1659 ?ieo Aeaianueeee c
Iooaiiaae-A??aai ?ooea i?ae Eiiioii, Oiaeueieoeueeee o neeaae? caaiio
eicae?a-iiiceoe?iia??a aaea?ea o oaoa?nueeee oee.

O i??o oiai, ye neaaoaee iiceoe?? Aeaianueeiai, TH??y ? Oiaeueieoeueeiai
ana aeoeai?oa aenoaaee a i?aoaiaeaioe ia aaoueiainueeo aoeaao. A?aoo?
Aeaianueeee ionea neeanoe nai? aaoueiainuee? iiaiiaaaeaiiy ia ?aae? i?ae
Aa?iai?aeith (in?iue 1659 ?.), TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai ia?aii aaoueiaiii.
Iae?aco ae ia?aae iiaiia?aiei aieiaea?ai iinoaei iaeo/a ieoaiiy
ciai?oiueiiie?oe/iiai eo?no oe?a?inueei? aea?aeaae, ? aei oiai ae eiio,
ye, aeania, ? an?i ianooiieeai Aiaaeaia, aeiaaeiny ae??ooaaoe eiai a
a??oeo oiiaao ii??aiyii c? nai?ie iiia?aaeieeaie.

Cayaeaoe nii/aoeo i?i a??i?noue ei?ieaa? ?a/? Iiniieeoi?, TH??e
Oiaeueieoeueeee iini?oea ii?iae?coaaoe a?aeiineie c ?in?enueeei oea?ai,
oei a?eueoa, ui ia iueiai oenioea cia/ia a?oia noa?oeie, iniaeeai c
e?aiaa?aaeieo iiee?a oa ?io?. Aeo?aei? iiceoe??, caeiyo? oiae?
oe?a?inueeei o?yaeii, ?oee a oeo oiiaao — i?aaiaiiy aei caa?aaeaiiy
eiioaaea?aoe?? ?in?? oa Oe?a?ie. Iia? aeiiae, ye? aenoaaea oe?a?inueea
noi?iia, iiaeii? aoee ooi/ieoe ? eiie?aoecoaaoe aeaye? ioieoe aeiaiai?o
1654 ?ieo c iaoith caa?aaeaiiy noaa?ai?oaoo Oe?a?ie. Oae, oea?nuee?
a?enueea a Oe?a?i? iiaee noiyoe eeoa a Ee?a?, a a ?ac? a?eie aiie
iiaeii? aoee a i?aeeyaaoe aaoueiaio Oe?a?ie; oea?nueeee o?yae ia iiaeiai
aoa i?eeiaoe aeiaeieo eeno?a c Oe?a?ie aac a?enueeiai? ia/aoee, i?ino?oa
eaaeo/e, aeiiin?a; ia?aaiai?e c ?iicaiieie aea?aeaaaie a ?ac?, eiee oea
noinoaaeiny Oe?a?ie, iaee a?aeaoaaoeny c iaia’yceiaith o/anoth
i?aaenoaaiee?a oe?a?inueeiai o?yaeo; iaa aooe caa?aaeaiee noaoon
oe?a?inueei? i?aaineaaii? oea?eae, oiaoi ?? oi?iaeueia
i?aeii?yaeeiaai?noue eiinoaioeiiiieuenueeiio iao??a?oia? oiui. Ioaea, o
1659 ?ioe? oe?a?inueeee o?yae ia /ie? c TH. Oiaeueieoeueeei i?aaeeueii
?icoi?a cia/aiiy ? a oie aea /an iaaeineiiae?noue oa iacaaa?oai?noue
aeiaiai?o c ?in??th 1654 ?ieo ? oiio i?aaioa iie?ioeoe inoaii?e, uia
caa?aaoe ??aiii?aai? oa aca?iiaea?aei? a?aeiineie. Iaeiae oea?nueeee
o?yae cian?i ia cae?aany aeio?eioaaoeny aeiaiai?o, oei a?eueoa ?icaeaaoe
eiai a aeon? ??aiii?aaiino? iaio ia?oia??a. A?i ?icaeyaeaa Oe?a?io eeoa
ye i?ia?ioe?th ? i?aaioa iinooiiai e?ea?aeoaaoe ?? noaa?ai?oao,
nei?enoaaoeny c ineaaeaiiy.

A naiiio aeaatho? iiaiai aoaio ?in?enueei-oe?a?inueeeo a?aeiinei TH??e
Oiaeueieoeueeee oa eiai ioi/aiiy i?eionoeeeny iiieeee, oi/ iaaiith
i??ith ? aeiooaii?: ia?aaiai?e ae??oeee i?iaiaeeoe a Ia?ayneaa?. Eiee ae
aei oeueiai i?noa i?eaoa TH. Oiaeueieoeueeee ?acii ?c aaia?aeueiei
iaiciei O. Iina/ai, a?enueeiaei noaeaeath ?. E?aa/aieii, aaia?aeueiei
inaaoeii ?. Eiaaeaanueeei, iieeiaieeaie A. Iaeeioeai, ?. Eeciaoaii, ss.
Iao?aieii, I. Aei?ioaieii, ?. N??eii oa ?yaeii nioiee?a, aiie iieieeeny
a ioi/aii? ?in?enueeeo a?enuee I. O?oaaoeueeiai, A. Oa?aiao?aa, A.
?iiiaeaiianueeiai oa ?i. Nthaee ae i?eaoee e a?enueea naiicaaiiiai
“iaeaciiai aaoueiaia” ?. Aaciaeiai, yeee ua ?ai?oa cayaea i?i naaa, ye
i?i aaciaeyaeiiai i?eoeeueieea oea?nueeiai o?yaeo. Ia aeo?eiaaoe oeneo,
TH. Oiaeueieoeueeee oa ?io? i?aaenoaaieee o?yaeo Oe?a?ie iiaiaeeeeny c
aeiiaaie oea?nueeeo ai?ia/aeueiee?a-aeeieiiao?a, iaa?oue ia
cai?ioanooaaaoe i?ioe ca/eoaieo ia ?aae? O?oaaoeueeei “14 noaoae” —
oaeueneo?eaoo, yeee aoa aeaeaiee ca ni?aaaei? noaoo? aeiaiai?o 1654
?ieo.

Ci?no Ia?ayneaanueeeo noaoae 1659 ?ieo (“14 noaoae”), ye? oiai ae ?ieo
aoee aeae?oeiaai? a ae?oea?i? Ee?ai-Ia/a?nueei? eaa?e, aeineoue aeia?a
a?aeiiee. Ooo cacia/eii eeoa, ui ?in?enueei-oe?a?inueeee aeiaia?? 1659
?ieo iaa /?oei ae?aaeaiee eeaniaee oa?aeoa? ? a?aeaeaaa ianaiia?aae
aieth ?in?enueeeo oaiaeae?a oa oe?a?inueei? eicaoeueei? noa?oeie. Aea ia
a?aei?io a?ae aeiaiai?o 1654 ?ieo a iueiio cao?eniaaia ci?ia i?eioeei?a
?in?enueei-oe?a?inueeeo iie?oe/ieo a?aeiinei: Oe?a?inueea aea?aeaaa c
??aiii?aaiiai ia?oia?a ?in?? o nai???aei?e eiioaaea?aoe??
ia?aoai?thaaeany a aaoiiiiio iaeeieoeth ?iia???. ? oi/ oey aaoiiii?y
aoea oiae? ua aeineoue oe?ieith, iaeiae ae?? oea?aoo ia iieeoaee
noii?a?a o oiio, ui ianooi ia noaa?ai?oao Oe?a?ie i?iaeiaaeeoueny.

TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee oa eiai iaeaeeae/a ioi/aiiy (O. Iina/, ?.
Eiaaeaanueeee, A. E?nieoeueeee), ?icoi?th/e nooue “Ia?ayneaanueeeo
noaoae” 1659 ?., iaiaaaeeny aeei?enoaoe eiai ye aaaeeeaee /eiiee o
ai?iouea? ca ca?eueiaiiy oeo oe?a?inueeeo caiaeue, ye? ua caeeoeeeny
i?ae aeaaeith ?a/? Iiniieeoi?. Aoei ae??oaii cae?enieoe iiaee iio?ae ia
Cao?aeio Oe?a?io, ye naiai /ano (1648 oa 1655 ??.) aeeneo/a a/eiea
Aiaaeai Oiaeueieoeueeee. O eeii? 1660 ?ieo noai?eeeny aea? a?oie
a?enuee, ye? iaee ia iao? aecaieeoe Euea?a ? iaa?oue (ca ni?eyoeeai?
neooaoe??) ae?eoe aei E?aeiaa. I?ci?oa c Ee?aa ia cao?ae ae?ooeea
?in?enueea a?i?y (40-60 oen.) ia /ie? c aiy?eiii A. Oa?aiao?aei. I?ae
Oanoiaii aei ieo i?e?aeiaeiny iaeeiaaeoeyoue oe?a?inueeeo iiee?a i?ae
eiiaiaeoaaiiyi iaeaciiai aaoueiaia O. Oeeoeth?e, ? ia’?aeiai? a?enueea
i?iaeiaaeeee iio?ae. TH. Oiaeueieoeueeee c?a?aa iniiai? neee
oe?a?inueeiai a?enueea ia Oaoeeeo (aei 40 oen.) ? iaa aeiaaiyoe
Oa?aiao?aa ia Aieei?. Oa?aeoa?ii, ui aei iaio a?oi a?enuee, ye ? a
ieioe? ?iee, ii/aei noeo?eii i?e?aeioaaoeny oe?a?inueea naeyinoai,
i?aaio/e yeiaeoaeaeoa aecaieeoeny a?ae ai?oo ?a/? Iiniieeoi?.

Ciai? iiae?? ?icai?oaeeny iiae?aii aei eaiiai?? 1655 ?ieo. Aea oiae?
oea? Ieaen?e Ieoaeeiae/ eeioa ia cao?aeiee iai?yiie iaeaea an? nai?
a?enueea ? nai ocya o/anoue o iioiae?. Oiae? ?in?enuee?e a?i??, yea
ae?yea ?acii c oe?a?inueeei ei?ionii ?. Cieioa?aiea aaeaeiny aeiaeoeny
aeeneo/eo oni?o?a o A?ei?on??, ui aieeioei ? ia neooaoe?th ia
oe?a?inueeiio o?iio?. E??i oiai, oe?a?inueea aea?aeaaa aei e?eaaai?
i?aeoniaeoe? 1658—1659 ??. iaea cia/ii a?eueoee a?enueeiai-aeiiii?/iee
iioaioe?ae. A?aoo?, e i?aeia?iaeia neooaoe?y a 1660 ?ioe? neeaeany
cia/ii a??oa aeey Oe?a?ie, i?ae o 1655-io. Oiae? ae i?ioe ?a/?
Iiniieeoi? ae?yea c on?o aie?a iiaooiy eiae?oe?y. Oaia? aea
?in?enueei-oe?a?inueeei a?enueeai aeiaiaeeeiny niiae?aaoeny eeoa ia nai?
neee. Ca oaeeo oiia aaaeaiiy iioiaeo aeaiia ie?aieie a?oiaie a?enuee
aoei yaiei i?i?aooieii ?in?enueeiai oa oe?a?inueeiai aa?oiaiiai
eiiaiaeoaaiiy. Aei oiai ae “aa?ie” ea?aeueieo iia?aoe?e a Oe?a?i?
1658—1659 ?ie?a eiycue Ai?yoeinueeee ia aeaa aeiiiiiae Oa?aiao?ao ?
can?a o Ee?a?. Oei /anii a?i?y ?a/? Iiniieeoi? ia’?aeiaeany c a?enueeaie
E?einueeiai oainoaa ? ?oi? ni?euei? neee neeaee iiiaae noi oeny/
/ieia?e. Aieiaia eiiaiaeoaaiiy oeueiai a?enueea (No. Iioioeueeee, TH.
Ethaiie?nueeee, ss. Nia?nueeee, Aio?ao-nieoai) ia?aei eia?/iee ieai
ae?e, ae??oeaoe ia?aoiieoe ?i?oe?aoeao e ?icaeoe ?in?enueei-oe?a?inuee?
a?enueea iiiaeeioe?. Aiaeii/an aoei c?iaeaii ana, uia aeei?enoaoe
iacaaeiaieaiiy eicae?a Ia?ayneaanueeei aeiaiai?ii 1659 ?ieo ? ia?aoyaoe
?o ia na?e a?e. Oea oaeiae ni?aoethaaei, ? ua ia ii/aoeo iai?iiieo ai?a
i?ae Ethaa?ii ni?eueiee oaa?? ?in?enueei-oe?a?inueeeo a?enuee ia?a??caa
caieyiee aae, yeei Oa?aiao?a iini?oea a?aeai?iaeeoeny a?ae ei?iono
Oeeoeth?e.

Ia aeo?eiaaoe oeneo i?ioeaieea, Oa?aiao?a a?aenooiea aei *oaeiiaa, ooaee
iini?oea ? TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee, aea ciiao noaa oaai?ii. O oeae iiiaio
ia?ane?aeoaaiiy a?enueei ?a/? Iiniieeoi? iiaoi?eei ieai Aiaaeaia
Oiaeueieoeueeiai, eio?ee a?i aeeneo/a ?aae?coaaa i?ae Cai?iaii 1649
?ieo. *anoeia a?enueea ia /ie? c Iioioeueeei caeeoeeany i?ae *oaeiiaei,
a ae?oaa, a?eueoa, ia /ie? c TH. Ethaiie?nueeei, aoea eeiooa iaia?a??c
TH??th Oiaeueieoeueeiio ? ?aioiai aaea?eea ia oe?a?inuee? a?enueea i?ae
Neiaiaeeuaie. Naia ooo TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee iaa io?eiaoe ni?aaaei?
aieiaa o?auaiiy… Iiooaeiee oaea? iieuenueei-e?einueeeo a?enuee
i?eaieiioea eiai, aei oiai ae on? iiaeoiaee, ui Oa?aiao?aa oaea
?icaeoi… ? a ?iciae oyaeei? aeoae, eiee ai?iae i?aeoi aaea a?aee ai?o,
aeaii?ae?ciaaiee TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee cai?noue i?aai?caoe?? iai?iie
noaa iieeoeny ? iaa?oue aeaa ia?oieoeth i?oe iino?eaoeny a /aioe?, yeui
eiio aaeanoueny aeeoe aeeaei c e?eaaai? n?/?. E?nieoeueeee ionea
ia?a?aaoe iieeoao aaoueiaia, neacaaoe: “A?aeeeaaee nai? iaaiaeainoai ia
iio?i, a oaia? iiaeoiae i?i ian”. Nai E?nieoeueeee aoa ?ai?oa iaeiei c
iaeaieeaia?oeo i?ea?/iee?a Aeaianueeiai ? oaia? caeiaa iai?eie?aiio
iiceoe?th aei oea?nueeiai o?yaeo. Aa/o/e i?ia?aio aeoao, a?i noaa
noeeyoe aaoueiaia aei ci?ie ciai?oiueiiie?oe/iiai eo?no. A?ae?a?aei
i/aaeaeii naith ?ieue ? iineaiiy Aeaianueeiai, yeee c iieuenueeiai
oaai?o caiaaiya o iaiao?aeiino? ?ic?eao Ia?ayneaanueeiai aeiaiai?o 1659
?ieo, e oa, ui Oa?aiao?a aeicaieya nia? ?ai?oa iani?oaoeny iaae TH.
Oiaeueieoeueeei. sse oai aoei, aea aeaii?ae?ciaaiee ? neaaineeee thiae
a?aeaeaa iaeac ?icii/aoe ie?i? ia?aaiai?e. Aei oaai?o a?enuee ?a/?
Iiniieeoi? iineaee Iao?a Aei?ioaiea ? oie oaeaeei aeinya caiaee i?i
oiiae ia?aie?’y. Iio?i 17-18 aeiaoiy 1660 ?ieo TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee c
aeayeeie i?aaenoaaieeaie oe?a?inueeiai o?yaeo oeeaa ? i?aeienaa
*oaei?anueeo oaiaeo. I?ci?oa eicaee i?enyaee ei?ieth ssio-Eaceie?o.
Cae/aeii, i?ney ii?acee ?icoaioee niiae?aaiiy ia ei?eni? aeey Oe?a?ie
oiiae aeiaiai?o. ? ni?aaae?, i?aaenoaaieee ?a/? Iiniieeoi? ia
iiaiaeeeeny a?aeiiaeoe Aaaeyoeueeee aeiaia??, a a?aeeeaee oeth ni?aao
aei ia?aaiai??a o Aa?oaa?. Oai Aaaeyoeueeee o?aeoao oi?iaeueii iiiiaeee,
aea oaeoe/ii a?i iaa oa?eoe a aeeooy a iaoyoiio aeaeyae?. Oaia? oaea
Oe?a?ia noaaaea aaoiiiiiith iaeeieoeath a neeaae? ?a/? Iiniieeoi?…

I?i ii?aceo i?ae Neiaiaeeuaie oa ea?aeeiaeueio ci?io
ciai?oiueiiie?oe/iiai eo?no aaoueiaia aoei iia?aeiieaii O. Oeeoeth?o oa
i?aeeaae? eiio a?enueea. Ca/oaoe i?i oaeo iiaeio, eicaee noaee ianiai
iieeoaoe oaa??, ? a?aoo? e nai Oeaoeth?a ia?aeoia ia a?e Iieueu?.
Oa?aiao?a ionea eai?ooethaaoe… O oe?e aeoa? i?iiaei iiooaeia
?in?enueea a?enueei, /a?ac ui oea? ciiao ii/aa aiooaaoeny aei aaaeoaoe??
c Iineae ia Aieao, a nai Oa?aiao?a iieieany o e?einuee?e iaaie?.
Iaeaieiai?oei ioieoii oiia eai?ooeyoe?? aoea a?aeiiaa oea?nueeiai o?yaeo
a?ae i?aoaic?e ia Oe?a?io, /iai oea? ia i?a i?iaa/eoe Oa?aiao?ao.

*oaei?anueeee aeiaia?? ia i?ei?n ? ia i?a i?eianoe a Oe?a?io ai? ie?o,
ai? a?aeiiai noaiiaeua a ?a?ii?. Ia?ayneaanueeee iieeiaiee sseei Niiei,
aeyaeueei TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai ii iaoa??, iaa iiaio ?aoe?th, eiee
ienaa ieai?iieeo c i?eaiaeo /oaei?anueeeo ii?icoi?iue (28/18/.O. 1661
?.): “Oaeeo aieiinoae Aieneo Caii?iaeneiio aeiauee e oaeiauie ae oi
i?eaeeayie aaoe oe?einoe aai e?. ino. iaaa?iaae, aea aaoa Oe?aeia
(I?aaiaa?aaeaey — TH.I.) ionoa e iai oae i?eoeenoa ia iaoo, a ia ciaaia
i aeaeoii aaoii e inoaoiai, oiaae Aiaea, oiaaeeo”. Iniaeeai iia??oaei
noaiiaeua ia?iaeieo ian, ai ia Oe?a?io ciiao iinoioea oia?a aeaiaieo
?ai?oa iieuenueeeo oeyooe/?a, i?aoaiaeoth/e ia nai? eieeoi? aieiae?iiy;
ciiao ii/aee noaaaoe ii Oe?a?i? a?enueea ?a/? Iiniieeoi?, /eiy/e
ianeeuenoaa ianaeaiith, i?i ui a??ei ienaa aeaeaoiee oe?a?inueeee
o?ii?no O. Nioiiiae/: “Eyoe /eieee ii?aea?noaa ia oieueei ethaeyi
i?inoe, aea e eicaeai”, aea aaoueiai TH. Oiaeueieoeueeee “ia aeaae i
oia”. C?icoi?ei, ui ciiao ii/aea iai?oaeoaaoeny oaeey i?ioanoo,
ia?a?inoath/e a ca?iei? aenooie i?ioe eieii?caoi??a. ? aac oiai
iacia/iee iniaenoee aaoi?eoao aaoueiaia oaioa ia i/ao. *e ia aia?oa
Oiaeueieoeueeee c?icoi?a o aeeaei? aeoo? naith iacaeaoi?noue aei
aea?aeaaieo ni?aa ? ii/aa ooeaoe oeyo?a a?aenoaaee oa i?oe, ye a?i aeaa
ia?oieoeth, a iiianoe?. Aea aeyaeeiny, ui c?iaeoe oea iaeaaei, ai
/anoeia noa?oeie ia oio?ea aeeeeeaoe iiaiai iineeaiiy i?aeoniaii?
ai?ioueae ? aaaaeaea, ui ao/ia neaaa Aiaaeaia ua ? neiaieii
eiinie?aeaoe?? oe?a?inueeiai ia?iaeo a ai?iouea? ca aieth. TH??e
Oiaeueieoeueeee aeaeaaaany ?i o ?ie? aaoueiaia iaioei ceii, i?ae o?,
eio?? a caoiieee aoeaao i?ney eiai a?aenoaaee. Aei oiai ae na?aae
i?aoaiaeaio?a ia aoeaao aoa eeoa iaeei aeciaiee e?aea? — ?aai
Aeaianueeee, aea eiai iiaa?iaiiy aei aeaaee a Oe?a?i? aeoaea ia oio?ea
??/ Iiniieeoa, aaa/ath/e a iueiio aeina?ae/aiiai e aei /ano i?eoiaaiiai
ai?iaa. Inue /iio i?aaenoaaiee o?yaeo ?a/? Iiniieeoi? E. Aai?anueeee oae
neeueii iaiieyaaa ia oiio, uia TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee caeeoeany
aaoueiaiii. Ia aeiiiiaaaee e iineeaiiy TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai ia oai?iao
(ai?eain?th). Ioaea, ia eicaoeuee?e ?aae? (9.O?.1661 ?.) a?aeaoeiny
ia?aia?aiiy TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai aaoueiaiii. ?acoeueoaoe ?aaee,
iacaaaeath/e ia aieth oe?a?inueeiai o?yaeo, ia i?eieieee ai?iaeia/?. sse
? a 1657—1658 ?ieao, aeieeea /a?aiaa iiiceoe?y i?ioe aaoueiaia, yeo
aeoeaii i?aeo?eiaa oea?nueeee o?yae. Ia /ie? iiiceoe?? noaa ss. Niiei,
eio?ee iaieinea naaa iaeaciei aaoueiaiii. Eiio aeiiiiaaaee neie I.
Iooea?y, a?ao Aaneeue Oeoa?aiei, eio?ee aoa, aei ?a/?, a?aoii ia/ooe
TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai. Ia?ayneaa, ye naiai /ano Iieoaaa, noaa
noieeoeath iiiceoe??. Niiei aoa yaii aeina?ae/ai?oee oa ioae??oee a?ae
TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai, ? nie?ath/enue ia i?aeo?eieo e?aiaa?aaeii?
noa?oeie oa ?in?enueeiai o?yaeo, iacaaa?ii caeiaoa iaea?eueoiai
aaoi?eoaoo a E?aiaa?aaei?e Oe?a?i?. Ni?iae TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai
i?eaeooeoe iiiceoe?th cae?i/eeeny iaaaea/ath. A?i ia ci?a acyoe i?
Ia?ayneaaa, i? I?aeeia e ionea aa?oaoeny aei *eae?eia.

Iaaani? 1662 ?ieo TH??e cae?eniea inoaiith cia/io ni?iao i?eaeooeoe
iiiceoe?th, aea eiai a?enueea, iineeai? iieuenueeeie e oaoa?nueeeie
caaiiaie, caciaee ii?acee a?ae Niiea, i?aeo?eiaiiai a?enueeaie eiycy
?iiiaeaiianueeiai. Caaeioei aei aeaaaeoeyoe oeny/ a?enueea TH??y
Oiaeueieoeueeiai, aei?i?ia? oaee? iiianee ca ii?iae iano o?oi?a. Iaeei c
e?oiienoe?a, ?aaeaaoth/e oa?? Nioiiiae/a, aeiaeaa iae naaa ca?noeo, ui
?ethno?o? caiaee?noue i?aeoniaii? ai?ioueae. Iieiiaieo eicae?a TH??y
Oiaeueieoeueeiai ?icaeyaaee aeiaiea e eeaeaee aieeie a i/a?aoe, aea ?o
iania?oue ca?aeaee iaeoaee e eiia??. ?aeeiei ? cia/iei oni?oii TH??y
Oiaeueieoeueeiai ye ai?ia/aeueieea aoea ia?aiiaa iaae ia?ane?aeoaa/aie,
eio?? c?iaeee ni?iao ?icaeoe eiai ? ia i?aaiio aa?ac? Aei?i?a.

Niiae?aath/enue ia aeiiiiiao ?a/? Iiniieeoi?, Oiaeueieoeueeee a?aei?aaea
aei Aa?oaae ?yae iinieuenoa, aea aiie ia aeinyaee yeeoinue ?acoeueoao?a.
O?yae ?a/? Iiniieeoi? ?icoi?a oyaeea noaiiaeua Oe?a?ie ? oiio caeiya
ae/?eoaaeueio iiceoe?th, /aeath/e inoaoi/iiai oiaaeeo Oe?a?inueei?
aea?aeaae. Oa?ii? ni?iae iaeaaiaeeoe noinoiee c oea?nueeei o?yaeii
aeyaeeeny oaeiae iaao?oieie. Iie?oeea oea?nueeiai o?yaeo ii a?aeiioaiith
aei Oe?a?ie nooo?ai ia a?ae??ciyeany a?ae iie?oeee o?yaeo ?a/?
Iiniieeoi?, a aei oiai ae oea? iaa aei aeai?o aae o?ueio i?aoaiaeaio?a
ia aaoueiainueeo aoeaao (ss. Niiei, A. Cieioa?aiei, ?. A?thoiaaoeueeee),
eio?? cayaeyee i?i naith i?eoeeuei?noue uiaei oea?nueeiai o?yaeo. Ia
aoei iaae?? ? ia aeiiiiiao E?einueeiai oainoaa, yea aeiaaaei ca oea
aaeeeeo a?ioae. Eiee ae i?aea noaea aeiiaaaoeny a?ioae ca aeiiiiiao a
eaiiai?? 1662 ?ieo, oi TH. Oiaeueieoeueeee ia ciaeoia i?/iai e?auiai, ye
aeicaieeoe i?aeeioeyi a?aoe yne? o Eaiaa? oa eiai ieieeoeyo (onueiai aei
120 oen. aeoo!), /ei caaiueaea nai? ?i’y iaa?ee. Ia ci?io ae iie?oeee,
yea iinooiiai aaea aei iineeaiiy eicaoeueei? noa?oeie oa iineeaiiy
nioe?aeueieo noia?a/iinoae ia Oe?a?i?, TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee oa eiai
o?yae ia ni?iiiaeeny.

Oei /anii ia I?aaiaa?aaei?e Oe?a?i? iineeth?oueny aecaieueiee oa
aioeoaiaeaeueiee ?oo, aeaooathoue iianoaiiy i?ioe
iieuenueei-oeyoaonueeeo a?enuee o A?e?e Oea?ea?, O?ei?ee?, ?aeeuaa?.
Nioe?aeueia aaca aaoueiaiaoo TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai eaoano?io?/io
i?e?ea… A?i, aeania, nai ona?aeiiea, ui eiio aaea ia aaoueiaioaaoe.

Ainaie 1662 ?ieo TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee neeeeaa noa?oeinueeo ?aaeo a
Ei?noi?. Iineaaoeny ia caneoae Aiaaeaia Oiaeueieoeueeiai, a?i neacaa, ui
ia iiaea eoe eiai oeyoii /a?ac iieiae?noue oa iaaeina?ae/ai?noue, /a?ac
a?ae oi?ooie, yea ??aeei iieeaeaea aaoueea. A?i cayaea oaeiae i?i
aaaeaiiy neeanoe aaoueiainuee? iiaiiaaaeaiiy, a naiiio i?oe a /aioe?. O
a?aeiia?aeue ia caieoaiiy: “Ui ?iaeoe?”, a?i ii?aeiiaiaeoaaa ooeaoe
uanoy c aeiiiiiaith oo?aoeueeiai noeoaia.

Aei aaia?aeueii? ?aaee ni?aaa ae?eoea eeoa ia naiiio ii/aoeo 1663 ?ieo.
Iieuenueeee aeeieiiao-aaaio o *eae?ei? ss. Na?aea?nueeee ienaa aei
Aa?oaae 26 a?oaeiy 1662 ?ieo i?i no?aoi? oniaeoe?, ye? ?icai??eeny ciiao
ia Oe?a?i? ? i?iaiicoaaa aei?noieo ai?ioueao i?ae /ioe?ia eaiaeeaeaoaie,
c yeeo o?i? (Aoeyieoeueeee, Oaiaiei ? Aei?ioaiei) — “an? aeia??”, an?,
ia eiai aaaeeo, aoaeooue i?eoeeuei? aei ?a/? Iiniieeoi?. Aea aaoueiaiii
noaa Iaaei Oaoa?y, yeee c i?aeo?eieith e?einueei? aeeieiiao?? ia?ai?a ia
aeai?ao naiai aieiaiiai noia?ieea — A. Aoeyieoeueeiai. Uii?aaaea, aeaooi
ia ?aae? i?iiiioaaa TH, Oiaeueieoeueeiio caeeoeoeny aaoueiaiii, aea
a?eueo?noue iaaeaicia/ii aeneiaeeany i?ioe oeueiai: “Oae ?aea aei /i?oa,
ye c iaie ia oi/a aeeoe, a ceyeaaoeny, eeiaoeii iie?eaa? aieiao. Ie
ciaeaeaii oaeiai, ui nai aoaea aea?aeaoe iao? aieueiino?”.

I?ney ia?aiiy aaoueiaiii Oaoa?? TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee c?aco ae iae?eoia
ia ae?oaee ieai. Iacaaa?ii a?i iino?eany a /aioe? e i?ae ?iaiai Aaaeaiia
ciaeoia i?eooeie a ??aeeinueeiio iiianoe?? a Ei?noi?, aea iaaaeiac?
aeinya iaa?oue caaiiy a?o?iaiae?eoa. Noaaoe /aioeai, a?i, iaeiae, ia
?ic??aaa ca’yce?a ?c ciai?oi?i na?oii ? iie?oe/iith ai?ioueaith. Oea
aeyaeeiny iniaeeai i?ae /an aeai??a iiaiai ee?anueeiai ieo?iiieeoa ii
nia?o? Ae. Aaeaaaia, eiee ciiao caae?oaaee iie?oe/i? i?eno?ano?. *anoeia
aeooiaainoaa oa noa?oeie i?aeo?eioaaea E. Iaethaiae/a-Ooeaeuenueeiai, a
/anoeia, a oiio /ene? e Oaoa?y, Aioii?y A?iieoeueeiai. Iacaaeiaai aei
aeai??a /eiaei eicaoeueei? noa?oeie (Oaoa?y, Aiaieue, Aiaoi,
Aoeyieoeueeee oa ?i.), aeooiaainoaa (Ooeaeuenueeee, A?iieoeueeee)
i?eaoee aei A?ei? Oea?eae. Ae?ooath/e a iio?ae ia E?aiaa?aaeio Oe?a?io,
i?e?oaa ooaee e nai ssi-Eaceie?. Ooo aea aoa ? TH. Oiaeueieoeueeee,
“aaea ye a?o?iaiae?eo”, naia a?i a?oaa ei?iey niaoe?aeueii iaienaiith
i?iiiaith. Iio?ae ssia-Eaceie?a e Oaoa?? ia N?aa?ueio i?iaaeeany. Ia
I?aaiaa?aaei?e Oe?a?i? niaeaoioee iia? iianoaiiy, iaeiiooaei?oa na?aae
ieo — i?ae i?iaiaeii Noeeiee. Oaoa?y aei?noiei i?eaeooea iianoaiiy,
iaeii/anii ?ici?aaeaoenue ?c ?aaeueieie /e iioaioe?eieie eiieo?aioaie a
ai?iouea? ca aaoueiainueeo aoeaao. Cie?aia, ?icno??eyii ?aaia Aiaoia oa
?aaia Aeaianueeiai, caa?aooiaaii TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai oa E.
Iaethaiae/a-Ooeaeuenueeiai. TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai acyee, eiee oie
iiaa?oaany aei iiianoe?y a?ae nai?? nano?e a Ai?iaeeu?. I?yieo aeieac?a
aeie TH. Oiaeueieoeueeiai oa Ooeaeuenueeiai ia aoei, aea oea ia
caaaaeeei Oaoa?? a?ae?neaoe ?o aei Eueaiaa, a ca?aeoe ia iniia?
ei?ie?anueeiai iaeaco — aei oi?oaoe? Iaeueai?e o I?on??. Ooo aiie
i?iaaee e?eueea e?o aae aei caeeth/aiiy Aiae?on?anueeiai ia?aie?’y a
1667 ?ioe?. I?ney oeueiai ia?aie?’y o?yae ?a/? Iiniieeoi? ionea iniaeeai
aeaaoe i?i iioe?aiiy nioe?aeueii? aace naiai iaioaaiiy ? aeaui iii’yeoea
naith e?i?th a oe?a?inueeiio ieoaii?. TH. Oiaeueieoeueeiai oa
Iaethaiae/a-Ooeaeuenueeiai ia?aaaee aei ei?ie?anueeiai aeai?o a Aa?oaa?,
aea ca?aeoe aiie iaaaeiac? iiiaeeioe? aoaeee. Aaea iai?ee?ioe? 1667 ?ieo
aa/eii TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai ciiao a ??aeiiio *eae?ei?, aea
aaoueiaioaaa oaea Iao?i Aei?ioaiei.

Aiae?on?anueea ia?aie?’y, oeeaaeaia i?ae ?in??th oa ??//th Iiniieeoith
iaei ?yae iiceoeaieo iiiaio?a (ia’?aeiaiiy coneeue aeey ai?ioueae i?ioe
aa?an?? Iniainueei? ?iia???), aea aiaeii/an aiii ocaeiieei e cae??ieei
?ic/eaioaaiiy Oe?a?ie, ui aeeeeeaei iao?aiiy e oe?iea iaaaeiaieaiiy ia
i?noeyo. O oeae ia??iae aaoueiai I?aaiaa?aaeii? Oe?a?ie aenooiea
ae?acieeii caaaeueiiiaoe?iiaeueieo ?ioa?an?a, i?aaio/e ia’?aeiaoe
Oe?a?io ? a?aeiiaeoe nithc c ?in??th, ye ??aiii?aaiee, o aeon? aeiaiai?o
1654 ?ieo. TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee i?aeo?eiaa oe? ae?? ? iaa?oue iiia?oeya
a?aeeiiaoe aaouee?anuee? nea?ae aeey i?aeo?eiee Aei?ioaiea. Aea a?i ae
ia aoa nai niaith, yeae /?oei e i?eioeeiiai iia?a yeonue iie?oe/io
e?i?th. Ua ia aecia/eany inoaoi/ii ?acoeueoao iioiaeo Aei?ioaiea ia
E?aiaa?aaeio Oe?a?io, a TH??e iieieany a oaai?? eiai eiieo?aioa Iao?a
Nooia?y, aei ?a/?, ?iaee/a ?. A?thoiaaoeueeiai. A?i iaa?oue neeioa
/a?ia/ee eeiaoe, aae aeoeaii ii?eiooe a iie?oe/io ai?ioueao.

Aieiai? neee iiiceoe?? i?ioe Aei?ioaiea c?a?aeeny a Oiai?, aea a aei?
ia?aae i?i iiaiai aaoueiaia aeaye? i?aaenoaaieee eicaoeueei? noa?oeie
aenoaaee eaiaeeaeaoo?o Aiaaeaiiaiai neia. Aea eiee aei Oiai? i?eaoa
iieeiaiee Ieoaeei Oaiaiei, oi a?eueo?noue noeeeeany ia eiai a?e.
Oaiaiei, ae?th/e a nithc? c E?einueeei oainoaii, aenooiea i?ioe
Aei?ioaiea, iaeiaeea oiai a Noaaeaa?. Iaeiae aaoueiaia ae?o/eee eicaee
?aaia N??ea oa a?eai?iaenueea i?aea. Caciaaoe ii?acee, neee iiiceoe??
ioneee o?eaoe, aea i?ae Oiaiith ia ieo aaea?eea a?eai?iaenueea i?aea.
Nooia?e coi?a aoaeoe, a TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai iieiieee e iiaacee aei
A?eai?iaea (Aea?iaia). Aei?ioaiei aeiiaaaany eiai aeaea/?, aea ae?noaa
a?aeiiao. Oiae? a?i aeieeaa on?o coneeue, uia ?oeaie oo?aoeueeiai
noeoaia iaeo?ae?coaaoe naiai iie?oe/iiai i?ioeaieea, iiaeaaoe TH??y ye
iaaacia/iiai aaaioth?enoa, ui aoei iaaaci?aenoaaii. Ia aeiiao noeoaia
Iooaiiaaea IV TH??y i?eaacee o Noaiaoe ? iinaaeeee o oi?oaoeth —
a’ycieoeth Naeeeoea. Oa’yciaiiy o?eaaei iaeaea aeanyoue ?ie?a, ui
iaaaoeaii iicia/eeiny ia caei?ia’? oa ineo?oe? iieiaeoiai Aiaaeaiiaiai
neia. A Oe?a?i?, ?in??, Iieueu? ciaee i?i oeth o?aa?/io aeieth e
caeiaaaeoaaeeny, ui Iniainueea ?iia??y aeei?enoaea TH??y a iie?oe/i?e
ai?iouea? a Oe?a?i?. Ia aeiaaeeiai, /ooee i?i TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai
ia??iaee/ii iioe?thaaeeny ii No?aei?e ?a?ii?, i?eaa?oath/e iaaaeyeee
?ioa?an ? cao?aeii-?a?iiaenueeee, i?i ui na?ae/eoue oiai/ania i?ana.

Iniainueea ?iia??y aiooaaea aaeeeo a?eio ia oe?a?inueeeo caieyo,
iaiaaath/enue o oaeee niin?a nyaoe aaoueiainoaa o No?aei?e ?a?ii?.
Aaoueiai Iao?i Aei?ioaiei, oi/ ? aoa nithcieeii noeoaia, iaeiae ia
cae?aany iio?aieyoe a eiai aanaee, oei a?eueoa ia??iiaoee. Ca oaeeo oiia
oo?aoeueeee noeoai ona /ano?oa iiaeoioaaa i?i aeei?enoaiiy a nai?o
?ioa?anao TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai. A oiio 1670 ?ieo TH??y ciiao
ia?aaicyoue aei A?eai?iaea, aeicaieeaoe eiio ni?eeoaaoeny c Oe?a?iith. A
nai?o eenoao, cie?aia a eeno? ia N?/, ?iia??ii aei N??ea, oo?aoeueeee
a?aiaoeue a?oa? nai?o i?eyoae?a Nooia?y, Aiaa/aiea, Iina e caeeeea?
n?/iaee?a aei ai?ioueae i?ioe Aei?ioaiea oa i?aeo?eiee nai??
eaiaeeaeaoo?e. Iaeiae oe? iie?oe/i? ?io?eae i?iaaeeeeny, ci?ia neooaoe??
ia I?aaiaa?aaeae? (ianooi iieuenueei-oeyoaonueeeo a?enuee) cioneea
noeoaia a?aeaeaoe iaeac i?i iiaa?iaiiy TH. Oiaeueieoeueeiai aei
noaiaoeuenueei? a’ycieoe? ?aeeeoea. Eeoa i?ney neeaaeaiiy Aei?ioaieii
aaoueiainueeeo iiaiiaaaeaiue oo?aoeueeee o?yae ca?eueiea naiai a?aioey,
i?iaieinea eiai aaoueiaiii (!) ? iaeacaa aenooieoe c oo?aoeueeeie
a?enueeaie ia Oe?a?io. Iiaa?iaiiy TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai c iie?oe/iiai
iaaoooy aeeeeeaei oe?ieee ?icaiein, ui cao?enoaaea oiai/ania i?ana,
cie?aia aacaoe a A?aiai?, Oeth??oo, Eaeioe?ao, Aaeainueeo:
“Oiaeueie/aiei io?eiaa naith eieeoith aoeaao e ae?? i?e oo?aoeuee?e
a?i??, ui noi?oue ia Aeoia?. Ia?aaeaa/athoue, ui oaeei /eiii a?i ciiao
iiaa?iaoueny ia aaouee?aueio”. Oe?eaai, ui nai? aeieoiaioe TH??e
Oiaeueieoeueeee i?aeienoaaa oae: “TH??e Aaaeaii Aaiaeee Oiaeueieoeueeee,
eiycue Oe?a?ie”, c /iai aeaeii, ui a?i iaiaaaany iia’ycaoe na?e ??ae ?c
aeaeaeei neaaaoiei eicaoeueeei aaoueiaiii. Oeooeoaaany TH??e
Oiaeueieoeueeee c aie? noeoaia oaeiae “eiycai Iieaeaa?? ? aaoueiaiii
A?enueea Caii?icueeiai”, a iio?i ? “?onueeei iiia?oii”.

Nionoioeea? oaee? oo?aoeueei-oaoa?nueei-iiaaenueei? iaaaee iaei/oaaeeny
ia Iaaeaei?i?yinueeo Oe?a?io a 1677 — 1678 ?ieao, oa ?aeeiei oni?oii
Iniainueei? ?iia??? aiane?aeie e?eaaaeo aeoa, aoei iaieiae?iiy
*eae?eiii. O oeae ia??iae TH??e i?iyaea naaa cae/aeiith ia??iiaoeith
oo?aoeueeiai noeoaia, ?iaea ona, uia i?eaa?iooe i?ae naith aeaaeo, a
aiaeii/an ? Iniainueei? ?iia??? ianaeaiiy Oe?a?ie. Iaeiae eiai a?e acyea
eeoa iacia/ia a?oia eicae?a, na?aae yeeo iiaeia ae??cieoe o?aa ui neia
eieeoiueiai ee?anueeiai iieeiaieea Iaaea ssiaiea, ?iaee/a
Oiaeueieoeueeiai. Aeaaea TH??y Oiaeueieoeueeiai i?e i?aeo?eioe?
oo?aoeueei? a?i?? iioe?thaaeany aieiaiei /eiii ia no/anio Ee?aueio e
/anoeio Iiae?eey, ianaiia?aae, ia i?noa *a?eane, Ei?noiue, Eai?a, Aa?,
AEaaioei, i?ci?oa — Iaie??a, Iaaeaeea?ae, Eaeueiee. Cae??ieoeny ia
I?aaiaa?aaei?e Oe?a?i? eiio ia aaeaeiny, oi/ caaiie ssiaiea nyaee
caiaeue, ia yeeo iioe?thaaeany aeaaea Aiaaeaiiaiai iauaaeea. Oe? caie?,
iaaecae/aeii nionoioai? aiane?aeie aacia?a?aieo a?ei oi?iaeiaae o?ueio
aeanyoe?a e?o, ia ?iaeee ?aaeueiith iaae?th ia aonoa canaeaiiy. TH??e
Oiaeueieoeueeee caoiaeeany ianeeueii ia?aaaiyoe ethaeae ?c e?aiai aa?aaa
Aei?i?a ia i?aaee, aea cono??a oaeo ae ae?th Naiieeiae/a a cai?ioiiio
iai?yieo. Eiee ae eiai noa?ee o/eoaeue ?iaii?e?e Aaeyoianueeee ni?iaoaaa
a?aeaa?iooe eiai a?ae ?ici?aiiy ??aeii? caie? e iiaa?iooeny aei
iiianoe?y, oi TH??e caa?oiuei a?aeiia?a oiio ia eenoa, ii?aaeeaoe “ia
ae?aooaaoe oa?oiy”.

Nai?i aieiaiei i?noii “na?iaonueeee eiycue” ia?aa Iaie??a, iinaeeaoenue
o ia?aaei?no? (Aeneeaeee), iia?ey iaaaeeeiai caieo, ai *eae?ei aoa
c?oeiiaaiee aeiuaioo. Ooo i?e iueiio aoei c e?eueea nio iaeiaioe?a
(oaoa?e, aieioe…), a oaeiae ia/eneaii? oe?a?inuee? caaiie. C
aeiiiiiaith oeeo a?enuee TH??e cae?aa iiaeaoee c oiai iaaaeeeiai eeaioy
caie?, ia yeee iioe?thaaeany eiai aeaaea, /eiea noae ? ?ici?aao. eiai ia
i?eeiaee na?eicii iaa?oue oo?ee, e iaaaeiac? a?i aoa ciooaiee neooaoeny
iaeac?a ia eeoa noeoaia /e oi/ ae aieiaiiai a?ce?a, a e eai’yiaoeueeiai
iao?. Iiaiee /anoiethaieo iai???a, aea aac ?aaeueii? aeaaee, iaaeieoaee
iauaaeie aaeeeiai aaoueiaia cono??a ona c?inoath/o iaiaaenoue
iiae?euenueeiai ianaeaiiy, ui a?aoo?-?aoo i?ecaaei eiai aei oyaeei?
aeai?an??. TH??e ona /ano?oa ii/aa ooeaoe caaoooy o aei? oa ?icaoeueiiio
aeeoo?, noaa oai?iaeeai i?aeic??eee ? aei?noieee, ii/aa ?ici?aaeyoeny
iaa?oue c? nai?ie iaeaeeae/eie niiaeaeaeieeaie. Oae, iaeacaa no?aoeoe
naiai iaeaciiai aaoueiaia Anoaiao?y, eaeueieoeueeiai iieeiaieea
Aa?yieoeth. A a?aoeeaanueeiai iieeiaieea Eiaaeaiea (Eiaaeaanueeiai) aaea
ca oa, ui oie iiaaii iinoa/aa i?ia?aio o Iaie??a. ?yooth/enue iae
iueiai, ao?e aei Eueaiaa iaeaeeae/ee aei?aaeiee ssiaiei.

AEi?noie? ?ici?aae ia aeiiiiaaaee. Noaiiaeua “na?iaonueeiai eiycy”
iaaieiii iia??ooaaeiny. A?ae a?ioae oa i?ia?aioo a?ae/oaaany ona
aino??oa. Oiae? TH??e ciaeoia “i?ea?iaeueiee” niin?a aeiaoaaiiy a?ioae.
O Iaie?ia? c?iaeee yio-oth?io, a ia? eeaeaee caiiaeieo eoioe?a,
i?aiaea??a oa ?i. sseui iioa?i?e? ia niea/oaaee i?ecia/aii? noie,
/eieeiny ianeeey. Ia Oiaeueieoeueeiai iineiaeeny nea?ae, oi caiaiiei?ei
oo?aoeueeo aaei?i?no?aoe?th a Oe?a?i?, eio?a cian?i ia aaaeaea niaeaoo
iiaiai iianoaiiy. I?eaiaeii aeey onoiaiiy “na?iaonueeiai eiycy” c
iie?oe/ii? a?aie noaea ?noi??y c ?a?aenueeei eoioeai I?oiii, yeee a?a
a?oaei? ni?aae: neoiiaoaaa oe?a?inueeeo ae?a/ao aeey aa?ai?a noeoaia oa
iao?a ? aea?aeii iio?i i?iaeaaaa ?o. Eiee TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee
ae?ciaany, ui nei I?oia iae?oaeeany, ia nieaoeaoe oiiaeaiiai ia?aae oei
iiaeaoeo, oi iineaa yie/a? aeey ?ici?aae. I?oi onoea aoaeoe, aea
yie/a?ai aaeaeiny noiieoe eiai ae?oaeeio, ?? TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee ?
iaeacaa caeaooaaoe. Aiane?aeie nea?ae I?oia aei eai’yiaoeueeiai iao?, a
iio?i ? aei naiiai noeoaia TH??y caa?aoooaaee (1681 ?.) ? i?eaacee aei
Eai’yioey-Iiae?euenueeiai. Ooo i?ney ei?ioeiai ?icne?aeoaaiiy aeianee
ae?ie: oeaaieoey. Aeneooaaoe i?enoae, TH??e Oiaeueieoeueeee noaa “a?eei
ye oonoea, ? ia neacaa i? neiaa”. Aea ? ye aoei aeeiiaii ae?ie,
iaa?aeiii. Ca iaeieie aeaieie, eiai caaeooeee ia Oo?aoeueeiio iino? a
Eai’yiaoeue-Iiae?euenueeiio, ca ?ioeie — no?aoeee a Noaiaoe?. Aea ia
oiio cae?i/eeiny iauaneeaa aeey Oe?a?ie aaoueiaioaaiiy iieiaeoiai neia
aaeeeiai Aiaaeaia…

Нашли опечатку? Выделите и нажмите CTRL+Enter

Похожие документы
Обсуждение

Ответить

Курсовые, Дипломы, Рефераты на заказ в кратчайшие сроки
Заказать реферат!
UkrReferat.com. Всі права захищені. 2000-2020