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?INOEOOO OeOE?IAEO AO?ssE?A

OE?A?INUeEI? AEAAeAI?? AA?A?IEO IAOE

EOOI?? A?EOI? AIEIAeEIE?IAE*

?iaeaen OAeE 633:631.582

AIEEA IAOIAe?A I?IA?AIOAAIIss A?IAEATH EOEUeOO? CA?II-AO?ssEIAI?
N?AICI?IE IA ?O ??NO, ?ICAEOIE OA I?IAeOEOEAI?NOUe

Niaoe?aeuei?noue: 06.01.09 – ?ineeiieoeoai

AAOI?AOA?AO

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe

Ee?a – 1998

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia a Iiae?euenuee?e aea?aeaai?e aa?a?ii-oaoi?/i?e aeaaeai??
ia i?ioyc? 1994-1997 ?ie?a.

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, i?ioani?

NEIAIAessI Noaiai Ieeieaeiae/,

E??iaia?aaenueeee ?inoeooo n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy,
caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e caaaeueiiai caiea?ianoaa

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, i?ioani?

A?IAIO?AOO Aaeoa?ae ?oaeieueoiae/,

?inoeooo oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a OAAI, caa?aeoaa/ eaai?aoi??? iaoaiaoe/ieo
iaoiae?a aeine?aeaeaiue.

eaiaeeaeao n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, aeioeaio

AE?IIA Aeieo?i Ieeieaeiae/,

Iaoe?iiaeueiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e ?ineeiieoeoaa.

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: Oa?e?anueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao
I?i?noa?noaa aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno Oe?a?ie, eaoaae?a ?ineeiieoeoaa,
i. Oa?e?a.

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “24” a?oaeiy 1998 ?. i 12 -e aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae.26.360.01 i?e ?inoeooo? oeoe?iaeo
ao?ye?a OAAI ca aae?anith: 252650, ANI, i. Ee?a, aoe. Ee?i?/ia, 25.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo oeoe?iaeo
ao?ye?a OAAI (ae?oaee ei?ion).

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “22” eenoiiaaea 1998 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
Eieii??oeue I.I.CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. ?ioaineai? oaoiieia?? ae?iuoaaiiy
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? ia?aaeaa/athoue a eiaei?e
a?oioiai-ee?iaoe/i?e cii? aianaiiy aeia?ea ia caieaiiaaiee a?iaeae.
Aecia/athoueny aiie ia iniia? aeaieo iieueiaeo aeine?ae?a aai oeyoii
?ic?aooie?a ca aaeainiaei, eiiieaenii-ii?iaoeaiei /e
aeiiii?ei-iaoaiaoe/iei iaoiaeaie c o?aooaaiiyi i?noey eoeueoo?e a
n?aici?i?. sseui aecia/ai? ii?ie iioeiaeueii – eaea iaeiie/aiiy o a?oio?
aeaiaio?a i?ia?aeueiiai aeeaeaiiy, a yeui iacaaeainiaai? – caa?oaeiaiiy
na?aaeiaeua oa i?iaeoeoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa enaiia?ioeeaie.

Iaea?eueo iioe?aiei iaoiaeii ?ic?aooieo ii?i aeia?ea ? aaeainiaee, yeee
a?aoiao? iayai?noue ?ooiieo aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy a a?oio?, nooi?iue
canai?iiy aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy ?ineeiaie c a?oioo ? aeia?ea oa aeiin ?o
caieaiiaaiei o?iaea?i.

Oey iaoiaeeea a?eueo aeioe?eueia aeey a?oio?a c iecueeei ai?noii
aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy, ui a?aeiia?aeathoue 3–4 aa?io?i?/iei a?oiai. Ia
a?oioao, ui a?aeiinyoueny aei 5–6 aa?io?i?/ieo a?oi iio??aii
canoiniaoaaoe iaio? ii?ie aeia?ea, ye? i?aeo?eiothoue ?o ?iaeth/?noue ?
caaacia/othoue caieaiiaaio a?iaeaei?noue eoeueoo? a?aeiia?aeii? yeino?.
Aeey oaeeo a?oio?a e?auei ? iaoiae ?ic?aooieo ii?i aeia?ea ia iniia?
aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a, yeee ?ic?iaeaii ia eaoaae?? aa?io?i??,
a?oioiciaanoaa ? iae?i?aoe?? Iiae?euenueei? aea?aeaaii?
aa?a?ii-oaoi?/ii? aeaaeai?? (N.I.Neiaiaeyi, 1992).

?ic?aoiaai? ca oeei iaoiaeii ii?ie aeia?ea ia caieaiiaaiee o?iaeae
ni?eythoue ?noioi?e aeiiii?? aeia?ea.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Iaoiaeeea oa
iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue ? neeaaeiaith /anoeiith
aea?aeathaeaeaoii? oaie: “?ic?iaeoe ? cai?iaaaeeoe o ae?iaieoeoai
iaoiaeeeo aecia/aiiy aeieia?/ii aacia/ieo ii?i aeia?ea i?ae eoeueoo?e
n?aici?ie ia /i?iicaiao a oiiaao i?aaeaiii-cao?aeii? /anoeie E?ninoaio
Oe?a?ie”. Aea?aeaaia ?a?no?aoe?y ? 0193021745.

Iaoa ? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue. Aea/eoe ye aieeaathoue ?ic?aooieia?
ii?ie aeia?ea oa canoiniaai? nenoaie oaeia?aiiy, ui aecia/ai? ia iaai?
??ai? o?iaeaeiino? eoeueoo? n?aici?ie ia ??no ?ineei, ?o
i?iaeoeoeai?noue oa ye?noue i?iaeoeoe??, ??aaiue ?iaeth/ino? /i?iicaio
oeiiaiai na?aaeiueinoaeeieiaiai i?aaeaiii-cao?aeii? /anoeie E?ninoaio
Oe?a?ie.

Aeey aeinyaiaiiy iinoaaeaii? iaoe a ?iaio? ae??ooaaeenue oae? caaaeaiiy:

– o aa??aioao ae?iuoaaiiy n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? ca
?ioaineaieie oaoiieia?yie ?c canoinoaaiiyi ?ic?aooieiaeo ii?i aeia?ea
aeey iaea?aeaiiy ??cieo ??ai?a o?iaeaeiino? anoaiiaeoe iaea?eueo
ni?eyoeeaee aeey ?ineei oii aeeaeaiiy;

– aea/eoe caeaaei?noue ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo ?ineei, o?iaeaeiino? eoeueoo?
n?aici?ie a?ae canoinoaaiiy ?ic?aooieiaeo ii?i aeia?ea ? nenoai
oaeia?aiiy;

– aecia/eoe o?i?/iee neeaae ?ineei ? ye?noue i?iaeoeoe??;

– anoaiiaeoe caeaaei?noue iane/aiino? n?aici?ie aeia?eaaie ia aeeiai?eo
aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy /i?iicaio oeiiaiai;

– aecia/eoe aoaeoeai?noue ii?i aeia?ea, ui canoiniaothoueny a n?aici?i?
aeey iaea?aeaiiy ??cieo ??ai?a a?iaeaeiino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
eoeueoo?.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. A oiiaao i?aaeaiii-cao?aeii?
/anoeie E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie ?ic?iaeai? iaoiaee i?ia?aioaaiiy iaea?eueo
aenieeo ??ai?a a?iaeaeiino? oa yeino? eoeueoo? ca?ii ao?yeiai?
n?aici?ie.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue
iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? aeey i?ia?aioaaiiy aeniei? a?iaeaeiino?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? o ainiiaea?noaao /i?iicaiii? ciie,
iie?ioaiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo ? iaea?aeaiiy aeieia?/ii /enoi?
i?iaeoeoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa.

Aiie ai?iaaaeaeaii? a ainiiaea?noaao Aeoia?aaoeueeiai ?aeiio
Oiaeueieoeueei? iaeano?: a aa?io??i? “Eiein” ia ieiu? 500 aa ?
naeyinuee?e ni?eoe? “Ia?aiiaa” ia ieiu? 400 aa.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Aaoi? iniaenoi a?aa o/anoue a ?ic?iaoe?
i?ia?aie oa iaoiaeeee aeine?aeaeaiue, caeeaaeaa aeine?aee, i?iaiaeea
iae?ee ? niinoa?aaeaiiy, aiae?coaaa iaea?aeai? aeai?, neeaaeaa iaoeia?
ca?oe oa ienaa noaoo?.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue. ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue
aeiiia?aeaeenue ? iaea?aeaee iiceoeaio ioe?ieo ia ui??/ieo iaoeiaeo
eiioa?aioe?yo i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo Iiae?euenueei?
aea?aeaaii? aa?a?ii-oaoi?/ii? aeaaeai?? (1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 ??.), a
oaeiae ia I?aeia?iaei?e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Naeaeoe?y,
ian?iieoeoai ? oaoiieia?? ae?iuoaaiiy iieueiaeo eoeueoo?” (i.
Eai’yiaoeue–Iiae?euenueeee, 1995 ?.), ia I?aeia?iaeiiio neiiic?oi?
“Aa?iaeieia?/i? ? aeiiii?/i? i?iaeaie o?i?caoe?? AIE Oe?a?ie” (i.
Oiaiue, 1997 ?.), ia I?aeaea?aeaai?e iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? “Nia?aiaiiua
i?iaeaiu io?aiu caiaeue” (i. Ee?a, 10-12 aa?aniy 1997 ?.).

Ioae?eaoe??. Ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe?? ? o?noue ioae?eaoe?e: iaeia o
iaoeiaiio aeo?iae?, i’youe – o ca??ieeao iaoeiaeo i?aoeue.

Ianya oa no?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe??. ?iaioa aeeeaaeaia ia 109 noi??ieao
iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, neeaaea?oueny c naie ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a,
?aeiiaiaeaoe?e ae?iaieoeoao, ?ethno?iaaia 36 oaaeeoeyie, 8 ?enoieaie oa
17 aeiaeaoeaie. Nienie e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaea?ae aeeth/a? 439 iaeiaioaaiue.
Caaaeueiee ianya aeena?oaoe?? 163 noi??iee.

INIIAIEE CI?NO AeENA?OAOe?EII? ?IAIOE

O ia?oiio ?icae?e? – “Iaoiaee i?ia?aioaaiiy a?iaeath” –
?icaeyaeathoueny ieoaiiy aieeao oaeoi??a ia i?ioean oi?ioaaiiy a?iaea?a.
Oea ? ye iaeiea?iaai? ethaeeiith – i?e?iaei? oaeoi?e (niiy/ia
?aae?aoe?y, oaiia?aoo?a, iiaaee, aieia?noue iia?o?y, ?oei?aia neea a?o?o
oa ?io?), oae ? ea?iaai? iath (ni?oe, aa?ioaoi?ea, nenoaia aeia?ea,
caniae caoenoo ?ineei a?ae ao?’yi?a, oe?aeiee?a ? oai?ia, ?aaoeyoi?e
?inoo, nenoaia c?ioaiiy, cae?aiiy a?iaeath, oiui). Iaea?eueoi?
i?iaeoeoeaiino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nuee? eoeueoo?e aeinyaathoue eeoa a
?ac? noai?aiiy i?ioyaii aaaaoaoe?eiiai ia??iaeo iioeiaeueieo aeeoo?ai
iaiao?aeieo aeey ieo oiia. A?aeoeeaiiy a?ae iioeioio iaa?oue iaeiiai
oaeoi?a aeeooy ?ineei, iaa?oue ia iaeiiio i?aeoaciiio a?ae??ceo
aaaaoaoe??, i?ecaiaeeoue aei cia/ieo ao?ao o?iaeath.

sse iieaco? na?oiaa ? a?o/eciyia i?aeoeea, iaae?eiei oeyoii i?aeaeuaiiy
a?iaeaeiino? oa aaeiaeo cai??a ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy o ae?iaieoeoai
?ioaineaieo oaoiieia?e ae?iuoaaiiy, ui aacothoueny ia aoaeoeaiiio
aeei?enoaii? iayaieo o ainiiaea?noaao iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/ieo ?ano?n?a ?
oe?ieiio canoinoaaii? iia?oi?o aeinyaiaiue iaoee oa ia?aaeiaiai
aeina?aeo.

I?e ?ioaineo?eaoe?? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa aaaeeeai
oe?eani?yiiaaii oi?aaeyoe ?iaeth/?noth a?oioo, io?eioaaoe i?iaeoeoe?th
aeniei? yeino?, ia aeiioneaoe na?eicieo ii?ooaiue uiaei aeieia?/ii?
nenoaie. E??i oiai i?aaiooe io?eioaaoe caieaiiaaio i?iaeoeoeai?noue
eoeueoo? aea ? aeinyaaoe aeniei? ieoiiino? iaeeieoe? aianaieo aeia?ea.

O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? – ” Oiiae oa iaoiaeeea aeine?aeaeaiue ” – aena?oeaii
a?oioiai-ee?iaoe/i? oiiae i?noeaaino?, aea i?iaiaeeeenue aeine?aeaeaiiy,
iaoiaeeeo ?o i?iaaaeaiiy oa iiaiaei? iniaeeaino?, ui neeaeenue a ?iee
i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?ae?a.

A?oio aeine?aeiiai iiey Iiae?euenueei? aea?aeaaii? aa?a?ii-oaoi?/ii?
aeaaeai??, aea caeeaaeaeeny iieueia? aeine?aee, /i?iicai oeiiaee
iaeiaoioniee aaaeeinoaeeieiaee ia ean?, c i?eoaiaiieie eiio
aa?io?i?/ieie aeanoeainoyie.

Ee?iao ciie iii??ii eiioeiaioaeueiee, c i’yeith ceiith oa oaieei,
aieiaei e?oii.

?iee i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue a?ae??ciyeenue i?ae niaith ca
e?euee?noth oa oa?aeoa?ii iiaae?a ? oaiia?aoo?ith iia?o?y, ui
a?aeiia?aeii aieeioei ia ??no, ?icaeoie ?ineei oa aaee/eio a?iaeaeiino?
eoeueoo? n?aici?ie.

Aeoiaey/e c iniaeeainoae ciie, c iaoith ?ica’ycaiiy iinoaaeaieo
caaaeaiue, noaoe?iia?i? iieueia? aeine?aee i?iaaaeaii a?aeiia?aeii aei
caaaeueiii?eeiyoi? iaoiaeeee, ca aeaioaeoi?iith noaiith a o?e?acia?e
iiaoi?iino?.

Iieueiaa /ioe?ei?eueia ca?ii ao?yeiaa n?aici?ia (aeei-a?anyia noi?oea –
iceia ioaieoey – oeoe?ia? ao?yee – y?ee y/i?iue) aoea ?ici?uaia a o?ueio
iieyo.

O n?aici?i? ae?iuoaaee eoeueoo?e ?aeiiiaaieo ni?o?a, a naia: aeea y?a –
A?eioea?e?anueea 88, iaan – Iieiiac, iceia ioaieoey – Aeiinueeee
iai?aea?eee, oeoe?ia? ao?yee – Oe?a?inueeee *N 70, y?ee y/i?iue –
Iiae?euenueeee 14.

Ieiua iin?aii? ae?eyiee 75 i. ea., iae?eiai? – 50 i. ea.

Aeey oaeia?aiiy aeei?enoiaoaaee ai?a/io nae?o?o, i?inoee noia?oinoao,
oei?enoee eae?e, eae?eio n?eue. Ai?e aiineee o?eueee i?ae oeoe?ia?
ao?yee.

Aeey aea/aiiy aoaeoeaiino? ??cieo nenoai oaeia?aiiy, aeine?aee
caeeaaeaii ia i?noe? noaoe?iia?o, ui aoa cae?eoee i?ney aeaio ?ioaoe?e
7-i?eueii? n?aici?ie. O noaoe?iia?? aiineee ??ci? ii?ie aeia?ea, a oiio
a?oio ??cieany ca ??aiai caaacia/aiiy acioii, oinoi?ii ? eae??i.

A iieyo n?aici?ie aa??aioe nenoai oaeia?aiiy caeeaaeaeenue ca iaoiaeii
?icuaieaieo ae?eyiie.

Noaia aeine?aeo: ia?oee oaeoi? iaa a?aaeaoe??: aa??aio A – eiio?ieue –
aac aianaiiy aeia?ea; aa??aio A – ii?ie aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ia
caieaiiaaio a?iaeaei?noue ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii; aa??aio N- ii?ie
aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ca iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a ia oo ae
a?iaeaei?noue, ui ? o aa??aio? A.

Ae?oaee oaeoi? i?noeoue i’youe aa??aio?a a?oioo ??cii? caaacia/aiino?
aeaiaioaie i?ia?aeueiiai aeeaeaiiy, aea ii?ie aeia?ea ?ic?aoiaoaaee ia
aeaa ??ai? a?iaeaeiino?: ieae/ee ( aa??aioe 1, 2, 4 ) oa aeuee
(aa??aioe 3, 5 ) a?aeiia?aeii aei caaacia/aiino? a?oioo acioii, oinoi?ii
? eae??i.

Noaia aeine?aeo ?ic?iaeaia oae, ui aea? iiaeeea?noue ioe?ieoe
o?iaeaei?noue ae?iuoaaieo eoeueoo? oa ye?noue ?o i?iaeoeoe?? i?e ??cieo
nenoaiao oaeia?aiiy oa i?e ??cieo iaoiaeao ?ic?aooieo ii?i aeia?ea, ye c
aeiiii?/ii? oae ? c aeieia?/ii? oi/ie ci?o.

Iniiai? iae?ee, niinoa?aaeaiiy oa aiae?ce a iieueiaiio aeine?ae?
i?iaiaeeee ca caaaeueiii?eeiyoeie iaoiaeaie.

Iaoaiaoe/ia ia?iaea iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a o aeine?aeao i?iaaaeaia ca
iaoiaeii aeenia?n?eiiai, ei?aeyoe?eiiai oa ?aa?an?eiiai aiae?c?a ia
ia?niiaeueiiio eiii’thoa?? i’yoiai iieie?iiy, ye? aeathoue iiaeeea?noue
ioe?ieoe aeinoia??i?noue iaea?aeaieo aeaieo oa aecia/eoe caeaaei?noue
i?ae iieacieeaie, ui aecia/athoueny.

Aeiiii?/io oa a?iaia?aaoe/io ioe?ieo aeine?aeiei aa??aioai aeaaaee
ca?aeii iaoiaee/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e “Yia?aaoe/aneay yooaeoeaiinoue
aicaeaeuaaiey naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo eoeueoo?“ oa “Eino?oeoeee e
ii?iaoeau ii ii?aaeaeaieth yeiiiie/aneie e yia?aaoe/aneie yooaeoeaiinoe
i?eiaiaiey oaeia?aiee“.

O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? – “ ??no oa oi?ioaaiiy a?iaeaeiino? eoeueoo?
n?aici?ie caeaaeii a?ae canoinoaaiiy ?ic?aooieiaeo ii?i aeia?ea ” – ia
iniia? iaoa??ae?a aeine?aeaeaiue ?ice?eaa?oueny aieea ia aeeoo?aee oeeee
?ineei n?aici?ie ?ic?aooieiaeo ii?i aeia?ea.

Iaea?aeai? iaie ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue na?ae/aoue i?i oa, ui oiiae
a?oioiaiai aeeaeaiiy aieeaathoue ia aeeiai?eo aonoioe ?ineei iceii?
ioaieoe?. Aeei?enoaiiy aeia?ea ni?ey? i?i?inoaiith a?eueoi? e?eueeino?
ian?iei, a oaeiae e?auiio aeaeeaaiith ?ineei o in?ii?-ceiiaee ia??iae.

Oae, a na?aaeiueiio ca o?e ?iee, ia ia??iae i?eieiaiiy aaaaoaoe??
e?euee?noue ?ineei a eiio?ieueiiio aa??aio? neeaea 372 oo/ i2, ui ia 16
oo/ i2 iaioa i?ae o aa??aioao c aianaiiyi aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaaieo ca
aaeainiaei iaoiaeii ? ia 14 oo/ i2 – i?ae o aa??aioao ca iaoiaeii
aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a.

Ei?aeyoe?eia caeaaei?noue i?ae e?euee?noth ?ineei iceii? ioaieoe? i?ney
ia?acei?ae? ? aeicith aeia?ea, ui aecia/aia ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii ? ca
aaeainiaeie eiao?oe??ioaie aoea neeueia (a?aeiia?aeii r=0,83 ? r=0,97).

sseui a a?oioi ? iaaeeeoie aeaiaioia i?ia?aeueiiai aeeaeaiiy, ?ineeie
neeueii eouaoueny, a iin?ae a?eueo noeeuei? aei aeeyaaiiy. ?ineeie
iceii? ioaieoei o eiio?ieueieo aa?iaioao aeine?ae?a i?ioyaii an?o ?ie?a
niinoa?aaeaiue aeae?eyeenue no?ee?noth aei aeeyaaiiy. Na?aaei?e aae
aeeyaaiiy ca ?ioaoeith n?aici?ie aei??aith? 5, o oie /an ye ca ii?i
aeia?ea, ui aecia/ai? ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii a?i noaiiaeoue 3,2, a ca
aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – 4,00.

Ia eiiiei? ?icii?e ?ineei iaea?eueoa aieeaathoue acioi? aeia?eaa. Oae, o
oaco eiein?iiy, eiee iaeaea i?eieieany ??no ?ineei, na?aaeiy ?o aenioa
ia eiio?ieueieo aa??aioao aoea 68,3 ni, ia aa??aioao, aea ii?ie aeia?ea
?ic?aoiaai? ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii – 80,2 ni, a aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a
– 76,3 ni.

O oaco eiein?iiy iceii? ioaieoe? na?aaeiy ieiua eenoeiai? iiaa?oi? ia
eiio?ie? neeaea 2,04 i2/ i2, ui ia 2,34 i2/ i2. iaioa, i?ae i?e aianaii?
aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii, oa ia 2,67 i2/ i2 – ca
iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a. Aeice aeia?ea aeuiai ??aiy
a?iaeaeiino? ca iaio iaoiae?a ?ic?aooieo ii?i aeia?ea caaacia/othoue
ooai?aiiy aeaui a?eueoi? ieiu? eenoeiai? iiaa?oi?. I?aaii-i?ia?aeueia
nenoaia oaeia?aiiy ca iaio ??ai?a caieaiiaaii? a?iaeaeiino? oaae ni?eyea
a?eueoiio ?icaeoeo eenoeiai? iiaa?oi?.

O oaco eiein?iiy ?ineei iceii? ioaieoe? eiao?oe??io ei?aeyoe?? i?ae
ieiuath eenoeiai? iiaa?oi? ? ii?iith aianaiiy acioo, ui ?ic?aoiaaii ca
aaeainiaei iaoiaeii, aei??aithaaa 0,82, a ca iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a – 0,99.

??no ?ineei ? oi?ioaaiiy ieiu? eenoe?a o iin?aao oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a
ciaoiaeyoueny a i?yi?e caeaaeiino? ? aca?iica’yceo c oaeeie oaeoi?aie ye
??aaiue aeeaeaiiy, caaacia/ai?noue aieiaith, aa?ioaoi?ea, aonoioa
?ici?uaiiy ?ineei, oiui.

O iaoeo aeine?aeao iaea?eueo ?ioaineaia ia?inoaiiy eenoeiai? iiaa?oi?
a?aei?/aii o eeii? – na?ii? i?nyoe?. sseui uiaeiaiaee i?e??no ieiu?
eenoe?a iaei??? ?ineeie o aa??aioao c i?ia?aeueiith nenoaiith oaeia?aiiy
i?e aeei?enoaii? aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaaieo iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a
noaiiaea 0,967 aei2, ui ia 8 % a?eueoa, ye ia a?aeiia?aeieo aa??aioao,
ui aecia/ai? ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii, oi c i?aaii-i?ia?aeueiith
a?aeiia?aeii 1,1 aei2 oa 1,07 aei2 .

Ca ia??iae na?iaiue – aa?anaiue a?aeaoeinue ciaioaiiy ieiu? eenoe?a
?ineei ye ia oaeia?aieo ae?eyieao, oae ? ia ae?eyieao aac aeia?ea. A
na?aaeiueiio ieiua eenoe?a iaei??? ?ineeie ia eiio?ieueiiio aa??aio?
neeaea 35,7 aei2., o aa??aioao ?c canoinoaaiiyi ii?i aeia?ea,
?ic?aoiaaieo aaeainiaei iaoiaeii i?e i?ia?aeuei?e nenoai? oaeia?aiiy
52,2 aei2 i?e i?aaii-i?ia?aeuei?e – 53,9 aei2 ; o aa??aioao ?c
canoinoaaiiyi ii?i aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaaieo iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a a?aeiia?aeii 52,2 aei2 oa 53,7 aei2.

Aiae?c aeeiai?ee ia?inoaiiy iane ei?aiaieiae?a iieaco?, ui aeia?eaa
noeioeththoue ??no ?ineei i?ioyaii anueiai ia??iaeo aaaaoaoe??. Oae, o
/a?ai?-eeii? na?aaei?e uiaeiaiaee i?e??no iane ei?aiaieiaeo o aa??aioao
c aeia?eaaie, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii, aoa a?eueoei ye ia
eiio?ie? a 1,6 ?ace, o aa??aioao, ii?i aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ca
iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – a 1,67 ?ace, o eeii? – na?ii?,
a?aeiia?aeii, a 1,58 oa 2,11 ?ace, o na?ii? – aa?ani? – a 1,79 – 2,05
?ace. A?eueo ?ioaineaiiio ia?inoaiith ei?aiaieiae?a i?ioyaii an???
aaaaoaoe?? ni?eyea i?aaii-i?ia?aeueia nenoaia oaeia?aiiy i?e iaio
iaoiaeao ?ic?aooieo ii?ie aeia?ea.

?c ca?eueoaiiyi ieiu? eenoe?a i?e iioeiaeuei?e aonoio? ?ineei c?inoa?
o?iaeaei?noue, ca?eueoo?oueny iaeiie/aiiy oeoe?o a ei?aiaieiaeao. ?c
ca?eueoaiiyi aai ciaioaiiyi ia?oiai iieacieea a?aeiia?aeii
ca?eueoo?oueny aai ciaioo?oueny ae?oaee. Oey caeaaei?noue
niinoa??aa?oueny i?ioyaii anueiai aaaaoaoe?eiiai ia??iaeo: aeey
aaeainiaiai iaoiaeo aecia/aiiy ii?i aeia?ea ? aeey iaoiaeo aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a, eiao?oe??io ei?aeyoe?? aoa r=0,95-0,98.

ss/i?iue aeoaea aeia?a ?aaao? ia canoinoaaiiy aeia?ea. Iaeiae aenie? ?o
ii?ie ni?eythoue ca?eueoaiith aaaaoaoeaii? iane ?ineei, ui iaaeae? iiaea
i?eaanoe aei aeeyaaiiy iin?a?a ? ao?ao o?iaeath.

O oaco eiein?iiy na?aaeiy ieiua eenoeiai? iiaa?oi? ?ineei ia aa??aioao,
aea aeia?eaa ?ic?aoiaoaaeenue ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii, neeaea 4,25 i2/
i2., ui ia?aaeuo? eiio?ieue ia 18 %. O oac? eiein?iiy, ye ? o oac?
aeoiaeo a o?oaeo, e?aua ?icaeiooo eenoeiao iiaa?oith iathoue ?ineeie ia
aa??aioao c i?aaii-i?ia?aeueiith nenoaiith oaeia?aiiy (aa?. 3).

Aaee/eia i?e?inoo ?ineei o aenioo – oea iaeei c iieaciee?a ?ioaineaiino?
?inoiaeo i?ioean?a, yeee ia?o ca ana caeaaeeoue a?ae aeoeaiino?
oioineioaoe/ii? ae?yeueiino? ?ineei o iin?aao ? a?ae caaacia/aiino?
aeaiaioaie aeeaeaiiy.

O oaco eouaiiy oa aeoiaeo a o?oaeo aenioa oaeia?aieo ?ineei y/iaith
aeine?aeaeoaaieo iaoiae?a aoea iaeaea iaeiaeiaith. O oaco eiein?iiy o
aa??aioao, aea ii?ie aeia?ea ?ic?aoiaoaaee ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii,
na?aae ?ioeo aeae?eythoueny ?ineeie o?aoueiai oa i’yoiai aa??aio?a,
aenioa ?o ia?aaeuo? na?aaeith ia 1,6 – 2,8 ni. O aiaeia?/ieo aa??aioao,
aea ii?ie aeia?ea ?ic?aoiaoaaee ca iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a,
?ineeie aoee aeu? ia 2,1 – 2,6 ni.

sseui ae ii??aithaaoe i?e eiein?ii? aenioo ?ineei c aa??aio?a ia
iaoaeia?aiiio oii? ?c ?ineeiaie oaeia?aieo aa??aio?a, oi iiaeia
a?aei?oeoe, ui ca ii?i aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaaieo aaeainiaei iaoiaeii ?ineeie
iathoue iaea?eueoo aenioo 74,6 ni. Aiia ia?aaeuo? eiio?ieueio ia 11,2
ni, a aenioo ?ineei c aa??aio?a, aea ii?ie aeia?ea ?ic?aoiaoaaee ca
aeiiiiiaith aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – ia 3,3 ni.

Ioaea, ? ooo niinoa??aa?oueny iiceoeaia o?nia ei?aeyoe?eia caeaaei?noue
i?ae na?aaeiueith ii?iith aeia?ea a noi? NPK oa aenioith ?ineei:
eiao?oe??io ei?aeyoe?? o aa??aioao aaeainiaiai iaoiaeo aei??aith? 0,97 ?
aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – 0,90. I?ae ii?iith acioieo aeia?ea ? aenioith
?ineei ?nio? ua a?eueo o?niee ca’ycie: eiao?oe??io ei?aeyoe?? o ia?oiio
aeiaaeeo noaiiaeoue 0,99, o ae?oaiio – 0,98.

Iiaiaei? oiiae, ye ? aeia?eaa, iathoue ?noioiee aieea ia aeeyaaiiy
?ineei y/iaith. sseui o aa??aioao aac aeia?ea i?ioyaii an?o ?ie?a
aeine?aeaeaiue na?aaei?e aae aeeyaaiiy aei??aith? 5, oi o aa??aioao, aea
aiineee aeia?eaa, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii, a?i aei??aith?
3,40, a ca iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – 4,14. I?e oeueiio
i?aaii-i?ia?aeueia nenoaia oaeia?aiiy i?ecaiaeeea aei neeuei?oiai
aeeyaaiiy, iniaeeai i?e aeei?enoaii? aaeainiaiai iaoiaeo aecia/aiiy ii?i
aeia?ea.

?icaeyaeath/e ia?inoaiiy iane ?ineei aeee ? a?ana ia?aae cae?aiiyi, a
eiio?ie? na?aaeiy iana ?ineei aeee noaiiaeea 317 a/ i2 a a?ana – 2737
a/ i2 O aa??aioao aaeainiaiai iaoiaeo iana ?ineei aeee aoea a?eueoith a
2,4 ?ace, a ?ineei a?ana – a 1,3 ?ace, a ca iaoiaeo aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a a?aeiia?aeii – a 2,5 oa 1,3 ?ace.

Ia iiiaio cae?aiiy, a oaeia?aieo aa??aioao ca iaio iaoiae?a, ?ineeie
iathoue iaeaea iaeiaeiao na?aaeith aenioo. Aea ii??aiyii c eiio?ieai
aiie aoee aeu? a?aeiia?aeii ia 25 oa 6 %.

O /aoaa?oiio ?icae?e? – “Aieea oiia aeeaeaiiy ia a?iaeaei?noue eoeueoo?
n?aici?ie” – ?icaeyiooi aieea ia o?iaeaei?noue eoeueoo? n?aici?ie ii?i
aeia?ea oa nenoaie oaeia?aiiy.

?acoeueoaoaie iaoeo aeineiaeaeaiue anoaiiaeaii, ui i?e ae?iuoaaii?
iceii? ioaieoe? i?ney aeei-a?anyii? noi?oee aac canoinoaaiiy aeia?ea,
na?aaeiy a?iaeaeiinoue neeaea 2,71 o/ aa c iacia/iei eieeaaiiyi ii
?ieao.

??ci? ??ai? iiia?aeueiiai aeeaeaiiy, ye? noai?ththoueny i?e aianaii?
ii?i aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii ia caieaiiaaio
a?iaeaeiinoue 4,7 o/ aa (aa?iaioe 1, 2, 4), a na?aaeiueiio ca ?iee
aeine?aeaeaiue ia caaacia/eee ?? iaea?aeaiiy. Iaaeia?? o?iaeaeiino? i?e
canoinoaaii? i?ia?aeueii? nenoaie oaeia?aiiy neeaa 0,6 o/ aa, aai 12,8
%, a i?e canoinoaaii? i?aaii-i?ia?aeueii? – a?aeiia?aeii 0,4 o/ aa oa
8,9 %. A na?aaeiueiio ieoii?noue 1 ea NPK ca oaeeo oiia o oeeo aa??aioao
neeaaea? aiaeiiaiaeii 5,32 ea/ ea oa 6,09 ea/ ea. Aeey iaea?aeaiiy
caieaiiaaii? o?iaeaeiinoi 5,9 o/ aa iaiao?aei? aeice aeia?ea aoee
aianai? o aa??aioao 3, 5, aea io?eiaoe a?aecia/aiiai ??aiy oaae ia
aaeaeiny: na?aaei?e iaaeia?? o?iaeaeiino? o aa??aioao c i?ia?aeueiith
nenoaiith oaeia?aiiy neeaa 1,72 o/ aa (29,2 %), a o aa??aioao c
i?aaii-iiia?aeueiith – 1,57 o/ aa (26,6 %). Ca oaeeo oiia na?aaeiy
ieoiiinoue 1 ea NPK neeaea aiaeiiaiaeii 3.34 ea/ ea oa 3,29 ea/ ea.

A?iaeaei?noue ca?ia iceii? ioaieoe? o aa?iaioao iiia?aeueii? nenoaie
oaeia?aiiy, aea ii?ie aeia?ea aoee ?ic?aoiaai? ca iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a ia iaioee ??aaiue caieaiiaaii? a?iaeaeiino?, neeaea 4,14
o/ aa, ui a?aeiia?aea? 88 % aei ieaio, a i?e i?aaii-i?ia?aeuei?e nenoai?
oaeia?aiiy – 4,34 o/ aa, aai 92%. Ieoii?noue 1 ea NPK neeaaea? 8,06 ea/
ea oa 12,24 ea/ ea. Ii?ie aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ca iaoiaeii
aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a ia aeuee ?iaaiue a?iaeaeiino? i?e i?ia?aeuei?e
nenoaii oaeia?aiiy, caaacia/eee ?? ia ??ai? 4,49 o/ aa, ui iaioa a?ae
ieaio ia 24 %, a i?e i?aaii-iiia?aeueiie nenoaii – 4,60 o/ aa, ui iaioa
ia 22 %. 1 ea NPK ca oaeeo oiia ca?eueoo? o?iaeaei?noue ia 6,22 ea/ ea
oa 8,67 ea/ ea.

Ana oea noaa?aeaeo?, ui ii?ie aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ??cieie iaoiaeaie
i?ae iceio ioaieoeth, caaacia/othoue aeuo ieoiiinoue ?o a
i?aaii-iiia?aeueiie nenoaii, aea o?eueee o aa?iaioao, aea ?ic?aooiie
i?iaaaeaii ia ieae/ee ?iaaiue o?iaeaeiinoi. Ii?i aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaai?
ca iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiaoioei?ioia, caaacia/othoue aeuo ieoii?noue,
i?ae ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii.

Canoinoaaiiy ?ic?aooieiaeo ii?i aeia?ea iiceoeaii aieeaa? ia aonoioo
i?iaeoeoeaiiai o?aainoith, iano 1000 ca?ai oa iano ca?ia eieina

Ca?eueoeoe aoaeoeai?noue i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea ia iin?aao oeoe?iaeo
ao?ye?a iiaeia, yeui i?e ?o aianaii? a?aoiaoaaoe a?oioiai-ee?iaoe/i?
oiiae i?noeaaino?, iane/aiiy a?oioo aeaiaioaie aeeaeaiiy oiui.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacothoue, ui ia /i?iicai? oeiiaiio aaaeei noaeeieiaiio
aac canoinoaaiiy aeia?ea, oeoe?ia? ao?yee iiaeooue iaoe o?iaeaei?noue
aeecueei 23,4 o/ aa (?en. 4.1). A na?aaeiueiio ca ?ioaoe?th n?aici?ie o
aa??aio? ii?i aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii,
a?iaeaei?noue ?o i?aeaeueeanue ii??aiyii c eiio?ieai ia 36 %, ca
aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – ia 44 %. I?ae o?iaeaei?noth oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a
? na?aaeiueith ii?iith aeia?ea ca noiith NPK anoaiiaeaii neeueio ?
na?aaeith ei?aeyoe?eio caeaaei?noue: a?aeiia?aeii aeey aaeainiaiai
iaoiaeo r=0,78 ? aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – r=0,64.

Aeia?eaa iathoue nooo?aee aieea ia i?iaeoeoeai?noue y/iaith. ?acoeueoaoe
iaoeo aeine?aeaeaiue iieacothoue, ui a na?aaeiueiio ca o?e ?iee o
aa??aioao aac aeia?ea o?iaeaei?noue neeaea 3,21 o/ aa, o aa??aioao c
aeia?eaaie, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii – 4,41 o/ aa, a ca
iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – 4,53 o/ aa.

O aa??aioao, aea ii?ie aeia?ea ?ic?aoiaoaaee ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii ia
aaee/eio a?iaeaeiino? 4,7 o/ aa i?e i?ia?aeuei?e nenoai? oaeia?aiiy
na?aaeiy a?iaeaei?noue noaiiaeea 4,34 o/ aa, a i?aaii-i?ia?aeuei?e –
4,28 o/ aa. O ia?oiio aeiaaeeo 1 ea NPK ca?eueoo? a?iaeaei?noue ia 5,82
ea/ ea, o ae?oaiio – ia 4,58 ea/ ea. A oeeo aea aa??aioao nenoai
oaeia?aiiy ca iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a aaee/eia a?iaeaeiino?
neeaa 4,51 o/ aa oa 4,33 o/ aa, ieoii?noue 1ea NPK o ia?oiio aeiaaeeo
noaiiaeea 9,5 ea/ ea, o ae?oaiio – 12,26 ea/ ea.

O?iaeaei?noue nieiie y/iaith a na?aaeiueiio ca o?e ?iee c aa??aio?a
eiio?ieth aoea ieae/a ca o?iaeaei?noue ca?ia ia 6 %, a o aa??aioao ii?ie
aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaoaaee ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii oa aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a – ia 8 %.

1ea NPK aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii ia ??aaiue
a?iaeaeiino? 5,9 o/ aa c i?ia?aeueiith nenoaiith oaeia?aiiy ca?eueoo?
a?iaeaei?noue ia 3,04 ea/ ea, a c i?aaii-i?ia?aeueiith – ia 2,23 ea/ ea.
Ia a?aeiia?aeieo aa??aioao ca iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a
a?iaeaei?noue neeaea 5,91 ea/ ea oa 7,38 ea/ ea.

Na?aaeiy ieoii?noue 1 ea NPK aeia?ea ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii aei??aith?
4,11 ea/ ea, a aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – 8,43 ea/ ea.

?enoiie 4.1

O?iaeaei?noue ei?aiaieiae?a oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a caeaaeii a?ae ii?i aeia?ea
?ic?aoiaaieo ??cieie iaoiaeaie iioei?caoe??, o/ aa

I??05 oaeoi?o ai?no o a?oio? aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy 1,39 o/ aa

oaeoi?o ii?ie aeia?ea 1,80 o/ aa

aca?iiae?y oaeoi??a 3,11 o/ aa

Ioaea, iiaeia aaaaeaoe, ui ii?ie aeia?ea, i?ae y/i?iue, ui ?ic?aoiaai?
ca iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a ? a?eueo aoaeoeaieie ? aeiiii?/ii
aeioe?eueiei.

O?iaeaei?noue nieiie y/iaith a na?aaeiueiio ca o?e ?iee c aa??aio?a
eiio?ieth aoea ieae/a ca o?iaeaei?noue ca?ia ia 6 %, a o aa??aioao ii?ie
aeia?ea, ui ca ?ic?aoiaoaaee aaeainiaei iaoiaeii oa aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a – ia 8 %.

Ae?iuoaaiiy aeei-a?anyii? noi?oee a n?aici?i? aea? iiaeeea?noue
noai?eoe iaiao?aeiee aa?ioii aeey iin?ao iceii? ioaieoe? ? ?acii c oei
iiiiaieoe caeaiee eiiaa??.

Aoaeoeaia ?iaeth/?noue a?oioo eiio?ieth caaacia/eea a na?aaeiueiio ca
o?e ?iee o?iaeaei?noue aeei-a?anyii? noi?oee 30,7 o/ aa (?en. 4.2); ii
?ieao nooo?aiai eieeaaiiy a?iaeaeiino? ia niinoa??aaeiny. Oea aeaco? ia
oa, ui iiaiaei? oiiae aoee ni?eyoeeaeie aeey ?icaeoeo ?ineei.

?enoiie 4.2

O?iaeaei?noue caeaii? iane aeei-a?anyii? noi?oee

I??05 oaeoi?o ai?no o a?oio? aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy 0,70 o/ aa

oaeoi?o ii?ie aeia?ea
0,91 o/ aa

aca?iiae?y oaeoi??a
1,57 o/ aa

Canoinoaaiiy aeia?ea i?aeaeuo? o?iaeaei?noue iaeii??/ieo o?aa. A
na?aaeiueiio ca ?ioaoe?th n?aici?ie i?eaaaea o?iaeaeiino? caeaii? iane
i?e aianaii? ii?i aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaaieo aaeainiaei iaoiaeii, neeaea 12,3
o/ aa, a aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – 13,1 o/ aa. Iaea?eueoee i?e??no
o?iaeaeiino? o ia?oiio aeiaaeeo iaea?aeaii o aa??aioao c i?ia?aeueiith
nenoaiith oaeia?aiiy – 13,5 o/ aa, a o ae?oaiio – c
i?aaii-i?ia?aeueiith – 15,5 o/ aa.

Ca ii?ie aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii, o aa??aioao c
i?aaii-i?ia?aeueiith nenoaiith oaeia?aiiy ia 1 ea NPK iaea?aeaii 31,2 ea
caeaii? iane, ui ia 1,5 ea aai 4,8 % a?eueoa, i?ae o aa??aioao c
i?ia?aeueiith nenoaiith oaeia?aiiy, a ca ii?i aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaaieo ca
iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – 65,7 ea, ui a?eueoa ia 46 %.

Ioaea, ii?ie aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaai? iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a,
ni?eythoue iaea?aeaiith e?aui? o?iaeaeiino? caeaii? iane aeei-a?anyii?
noi?oee.

O i’yoiio ?icae?e? – “sse?noue a?iaeath oa o?i?/iee neeaae
eoeueoo? n?aici?ie, caeaaeii a?ae oiia aeeaeaiiy ” – aeacaii ia oa, ui
o?i?/iee neeaae ?ineei n?aici?ie caeaaeeoue a?ae eoeueoo?e, oace
aaaaoaoe??, a?oioiaeo ? ee?iaoe/ieo oiia, aa?ioaoi?/ieo caoiae?a oa
?ioeo oaeoi??a. Iaea?eueo ?noioii ia o?i?/iee neeaae aieeaa? oaca
aaaaoaoe??. Iieiae? ?ineeie i?noyoue a?eueoa aiaee ? iaioa nooeo
?a/iaei, i?ioa?io iaea?eueoa ia ?aii?e noaae?? ?icaeoeo, c /anii
e?euee?noue i?ioa?io (a ia?a?aooieo ia nooo ?a/iaeio) ciaioo?oueny, a
ai?no nooi? ?a/iaeie, ne?i? ee?oeiaeie – ca?eueoo?oueny. Caaaeueiee
ai?no ia?ao?aaiiai i?ioa?io oa i?ia?aeueieo ?a/iaei oaeiae ciaioo?oueny.
O?i?/iee neeaae ?ineei iaei caeaaeeoue a?ae iaoiaeo aecia/aiiy ii?i
aeia?ea.

Oa?/iao oe?ii?noue ca?ia iceii? ioaieoe? oa?aeoa?eco? ai?no
a?eea. Ai?no ne?iai i?ioa?io a ca?i? ia eiio?ieueieo aa??aioao
ciaoiaeeoueny a iaaeao 7,6 – 8,1 %. O aa??aioao aaeainiaiai iaoiaeo
?ic?aooie?a, na?aaei?e ai?no i?ioa?io noaiiaeoue 10,1 %, aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a – 10,4 %. Ca i?ia?aeueii? nenoaie oaeia?aiiy oeae iieaciee
iaioee a?ae na?aaeiueiai ia 2 % (oaae. 5.1).

Oaaeeoey 5.1

sse?noue ca?ia iceii? ioaieoe?

Na?aaei? ca 1995-1997 ??.

? aa??aioo Ne?ee i?ioa?i, % Ne?a eeaeeiaeia, %

A A N A A N

1 7,8 9,20 10,2 25,8 27,6 28,2

2 7,6 10,6 10,5 26,1 28,9 28,6

3 8,1 10,9 10,8 25,7 29,1 29,3

4 7,6 9,5 10,2 25,9 28,4 28,1

5 7,8 10,1 10,3 26,2 28,7 28,4

Na?aaei? 7,8 10,1 10,4 25,9 28,5 28,5

I?ei?oee:

1. A – eiio?ieue (aac aeia?ea).

2. A – aa??aioe canoinoaaiiy ii?i aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaaieo aaeainiaei
iaoiaeii.

3. N – aa??aioe canoinoaaiiy ii?i aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaaieo iaoiaeii
aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a.

Anoaiiaeaia neeueia ei?aeyoe?eia caeaaei?noue i?ae ii?iith aeia?ea ?
ai?noii ne?iai i?ioa?io a ca?i? iceii? ioaieoe?: ia aa??aio?, aea ii?ie
aeia?ea ?ic?aoiaai? aaeainiaei iaoiaeii, eiao?oe??io ei?aeyoe?? neeaa
r=0,98 ? aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – r=0,89.

Ne?a eeaeeiaeia aecia/a? oaoiieia?/io ye?noue ca?ia iceii? ioaieoe?,
oiaoi caaacia/o? aenie? oe?aiiaea?nuee? aeanoeaino? ai?ioia. sseui o
aa??aioao aac aeia?ea ai?no ne?i? eeaeeiaeie a na?aaeiueiio neeaaeaa
25,9 %, oi i?e ii?i? aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaaii ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii, i?e
i?ia?aeuei?e nenoai? oaeia?aiiy – 28,2 % ? i?aaii-i?ia?aeuei?e – 29,0 %.
Aiaeia?/i? aeai? io?eiaii ? o aa??aio? iaoiaeo aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a.

Aeey oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a aieiaiei iieacieeii, ui aecia/a? ?o ye?noue ?
oeoe?eno?noue. sseui ia eiio?ie? aac aeia?ea a na?aaeiueiio ca o?e ?iee
oeoe?eno?noue aoea 16,1 %, oi o aa??aio? ii?i, ui aecia/ai? ca
aaeainiaei iaoiaeii – 15,1 % ? aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – 14,9 %. Ca
i?ia?aeueii? nenoaie oaeia?aiiy, c ??cieie ??aiyie ieaiiai?
o?iaeaeiino?, io?eiaii iaeaea iaeiaeiao oeoe?eno?noue ao?ye?a. Oae, ca
ii?i aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii ia ??ai? 40 o/ aa,
oeoe?eno?noue neeaea 14,8 %, 50 o/ aa – 14,5 %; aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a
a?aeiia?aeii – 14,4 % oa 15,1 % (oaae. 5.2).

Oaaeeoey 5.2

I?iaeoeoeai?noue oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a, %.

Na?aaei? ca 1994-1997 ??.

? aa??aioo O?iaeaei?noue, o/ aa Oeoe?eno?noue, % Oiiaiee ca?? oeoe?o,
o/ aa

A A N A A N A A N

1 21,2 33,3 37,1 15,8 14,7 14,5 3,35 4,90 5,38

2 22,5 37,1 41,9 16,6 15,8 15,6 3,74 5,86 6,54

3 25,1 39,5 45,3 16,8 15,8 15,2 4,22 6,00 6,89

4 24,0 37,0 41,6 15,6 14,9 14,3 3,74 5,51 5,95

5 24,3 37,5 43,5 15,8 14,5 15,1 3,84 5,44 6,57

Na?aaei? 23,4 36,9 41,9 16,1 15,1 14,9 3,78 5,54 6,27

I?ei?oee:

1. A – eiio?ieue (aac aeia?ea).

2. A – aa??aioe canoinoaaiiy ii?i aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaaieo aaeainiaei
iaoiaeii.

3. N – aa??aioe canoinoaaiiy ii?i aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaaieo iaoiaeii
aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a.

I?ae ??aiai oeoe?enoino? ei?aiaieiae?a oa na?aaeiueith ii?iith aeia?ea
(ca noiith NPK) ?nio? o?niee ei?aeyoe?eiee ca’ycie, yeee aeey aa??aio?a
aaeainiaiai iaoiaeo neeaaea? r=0,99, a aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a –
r=0,98. Ca ?aooiie aeui? o?iaeaeiino? a?eueoee ca?? oeoe?o aoa i?e
aecia/aii? ii?i aeia?ea ca iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a (??cieoey
aoea a?eueoa i?ioe aa??aioa aaeainiaiai iaoiaeo ia 15 %, a eiio?ieth –
45 %).

I?ioa?i – aieiaiee iieaciee ei?iiai? oe?iiino? ca?ia y/iaith. O iaoeo
aeine?aeaeaiiyo ca?ii y/iaith, ui iaea?aeaii c eiio?ieth a na?aaeiueiio
ca o?e ?iee iaei ai?no ne?iai a?eeo 10,1 %, a c aa??aio?a, aea ii?ie
aeia?ea ?ic?aoiaoaaee aaeainiaei iaoiaeii – 14,5 %, ? iaoiaeii
aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – 13,5 %. Niinoa??aa?oueny /?oea caeaaei?noue
i?ae ai?noii a?eeo a ca?i? y/iaith oa na?aaei?ie ii?iaie acioieo
aeia?ea: (r = 0,99 ? r = 0,93).

A?aeiinii yeino? caeaii? iane aeei-a?anyii? noi?oee, iao? aeine?aeaeaiiy
na?ae/aoue i?i oa, ui ai?no a?eea a ?ineeiao c iaoaeia?aieo aa??aio?a a
na?aaeiueiio neeaa 3,53 %, i?e canoinoaaii? ii?i aeia?ea, ui
?ic?aoiaai? ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii ? aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – 3,84 %.
Ui noino?oueny nenoai oaeia?aiiy, oi iii?oii? ??cieoe? i?ae aa??aioaie
i?ia?aeueii? oa i?aaii-i?ia?aeueii? nenoai oaeia?aiiy ca iaio iaoiae?a
?ic?aooieo ii?i aeia?ea ia a?aei?/aii. Ei?aeyoe?eiee ca’ycie i?ae
ai?noii a?eea a caeai?e ian? aeei-a?anyii? noi?oee ? na?aaeiueith
ii?iith aeia?ea ca noiith NPK o aa??aio?, aea ii?ie aeia?ea
?ic?aoiaoaaee ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii, neeueia r=0,84, a aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a – na?aaeiy r=0,68.

O oinoiio ?icae?e? – ”Aieea ?ic?aooieiaeo ii?i aeia?ea oa nenoai
oaeia?aiiy ia aa?io?i?/i? iieacieee ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo” – aeaii aiae?c
aieeao ?ineei n?aici?ie oa aeia?ea ia ?iaeth/?noue a?oioo, oiaoi ia
caeaoi?noue a?oioo caaacia/oaaoe eoeueoo?e oaeoi?aie aeeoo?ae?yeueiino?,
ye? iaoiiaeththoue ooai?aiiy a?iaeath.

Ca ?ioaoe?th n?aici?ie a a?oio?, ui ia oaeia?thaaany, ai?no aoiono a
i?iiio oa?? neeaa 4,53–4,66 %. Ii?i aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaaii aaeainiaei
iaoiaeii, i?e i?ia?aeuei?e nenoai? oaeia?aiiy ni?eyei iaeiie/aiith
4,64 % aoiono, i?e i?aaii-i?ia?aeuei?e – 4,71 %; iaoiae aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a i?e i?ia?aeuei?e nenoai? oaeia?aiiy caaacia/o?
noaa?e?caoe?th aoioniaiai ??aiy a iaaeao 4,62 %, a i?aaii-i?ia?aeueia –
4,74 %. Ca ?iee aeine?aeaeaiue ai?no aoiono a a?oio? aoa ia iino?eiei ?
ci?ithaaany caeaaeii a?ae ae?iuoaaii? eoeueoo?e.

?acii c oeei canoinoaaiiy ii?i aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaaieo iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a o i?aaii-i?ia?aeuei?e nenoai? oaeia?aiiy ia oeiiaiio
/i?iicai? i?aaeaiii-cao?aeii? /anoeie E?ninoaio e?aua ni?ey?
i?aeaeuaiith ai?noo aoiono, ii??aiyii c ii?iaie aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaaieo
aaeainiaei iaoiaeii.

E?euee?niee ai?no acioo a a?oio? caeaaeeoue a?ae iayaiino? a
iueiio aoiono oa iaaoi?o?eiaaieo i?aai?/ieo ?aooie. ?acoeueoaoaie iaoeo
aeine?aeaeaiue anoaiiaeaii, ui i?ney caaa?oaiiy ?ioaoe?? n?aici?ie o
aa??aioao eiio?ieth a oa?? 0-30 ni i?noeeiny 90-101 ia/ ea
eoaeiia?ae?ie?ciaaiiai acioo, o aa??aioao aea ii?ie aeia?ea
?ic?aoiaoaaee ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii – 130-137 ia/ ea ? aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a – 128-136 ia/ ea. Ii??aiyii c aeo?aeiei ai?noii oe???
oi?ie acioo, a a?oio? ia eiio?ie? niinoa??aa?oueny ciaioaiiy eiai ia
17-20 ia/ ea, a ia aeine?aeaeoaaieo c aeia?eaaie – ca?eueoaiiy ia 16–21
ia/ ea. Ei?aeyoe?eia caeaaei?noue i?ae ai?noii acioo a a?oio? ? ii?iith
aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaoaaeenue ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii ? aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a, aoea neeueia (r=0,76, ? r=0,99). Ai?no
eoaeiia?ae?ie?ciaaiiai acioo a iaaeao 101–150 ia/ ea aaaaea?oueny
iecueeei, oiio eieeaaiiy ii aa??aioao aoee a iaaeao iaei??? aa?io?i?/ii?
a?oie.

A iaoeo aeine?aeao ?ic?aooieia? ii?ie aeia?ea ni?eyee ca?eueoaiith
ai?noo ?ooiiiai oinoi?o a a?oio?. Iaeiae i?ae ??cieie eoeueoo?aie eiai
ai?no aoa ??ciee. A na?aaeiueiio ae ii iieyo n?aici?ie ai?no oinoi?o ia
eiio?ie? neeaa 94 ia/ ea, ui ia 42 ia/ ea iaioa, i?ae ia iiiaio
caeeaaeaiiy aeine?aeo; o aa??aioao aecia/aiiy ii?i aeia?ea ca aaeainiaei
iaoiaeii – 157 ia/ ea, ui a?eueoa ca aeo?aeiee ai?no ia 21 ia/ ea, ?
aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a – 151 ia/ ea, ui a?eueoa – ia 15 ia/ ea.

Ai?no ?ooiiiai eae?th a i?iiio oa?? a?oioo noaiiaea 212–229 ia/ ea.
?ic?aooieia? ii?ie aeia?ea ni?eyee iaeiie/aiith eae?th. sseui, ca
?ioaoe?th n?aici?ie o aa??aioao aaeainiaiai iaoiaeo ?o aecia/aiiy, ai?no
?ooiiiai eae?th ca?eueoeany aei 240–248 ia/ ea, oi aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a – aei 236–257 ia/ ea. A oie aea /an ia eiio?ie? eiai noaei
iaioa ia 58 %.

?ic?aooieia? ii?ie aeia?ea (ye o aa??aioao c i?ia?aeueiith oae ? c
i?aaii-i?ia?aeueiith nenoaiaie oaeia?aiiy) ni?eyei iaeiie/aiith a a?oio?
aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy, ye? iiaeooue iaaeae? aeei?enoiaoaaoenue ?ineeiaie.
Ii?ie aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaai? ca iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a
caaacia/othoue noaa?e?caoe?th a?oioiai? ?iaeth/ino?. Oea aea?
iiaeeea?noue caa??aaoe a?oioe i’yoi? oa oinoi? aa?io?i?/ieo a?oi ca
ai?noii oinoi?o ? eae?th.

O nueiiiio ?icae?e? – ” Aeiiii?/ia oa aia?aaoe/ia ioe?iea iioei?caoe??
aeeaeaiiy eoeueoo? n?aici?ie ” – aeaii aiae?c aoaeoeaiino? canoinoaaiiy
?ic?aooieiaeo ii?i aeia?ea i?ae eoeueoo?e n?aici?ie. Cacia/aii, ui ??ci?
?ic?aooieia? ii?ie aeia?ea ii-??ciiio aieeaathoue ia iieacieee
i?iaeoeoeaiino?.

Oae, ii?ie aeia?ea iaoiaeo aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a aeey an?o eoeueoo?
n?aici?ie ? a?eueo iioeiaeueieie, ine?eueee aiie caaacia/othoue aeuo
i?eaaaeo o?iaeaeiino? ? aeuo ieoii?noue aeia?ea. Aia?aaoe/iee
eiao?oe??io ei?enii? ae?? (a?aeiioaiiy caaaeueii? aia?a?? a iniiai?e
i?iaeoeoe?? aei cao?a/aii? aia?a?? o aianaieo aeia?eaao) o aa??aioao
aecia/aiiy ii?i aeia?ea ca iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a aoa
a?eueoee i?ae o aa??aioao aaeainiaiai iaoiaeo o aeine?aeao c iceiith
ioaieoeath oa c oeoe?iaeie ao?yeaie – ia 43 %, c y/iaiai – ia 60 %, c
aeei-a?anyiith noi?oeith – ia 1 %.

?ic?aooiie aeic aeia?ea ca iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a caaacia/o?
a?eueoo aa?o?noue i?e?inoo iniiaii? i?iaeoeoe?? aeey an?o eoeueoo?
n?aici?ie, ii??aiyii c aaeainiaei iaoiaeii.

I?iaeoeoeai?noue aaeoa?a n?aici?ie ca cai?ii ei?iiaeo iaeeieoeue i?e
aecia/aii? ii?i aeia?ea iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a neeaea 10,8 o/
aa, ui ia?aaeuo? aeaiee iieaciee aa??aio?a aaeainiaiai iaoiaeo ia 0,7
o/ aa ? eiio?ieth aac aeia?ea ia 4,4 o/ aa. A?eueoee ca?? ei?iiaeo
iaeeieoeue c aaeoa?a iaea?aeaii o aa??aioao i?aaii-i?ia?aeueii? nenoaie
oaeia?aiiy, aea ii?ie aeia?ea ?ic?aoiaoaaee ia aeuee ??aaiue
caieaiiaaii? a?iaeaeiino?.

Aeniiaee

A oiiaao i?aaeaiii-cao?aeii? /anoeie E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie ii?ie aeia?ea,
aecia/ai? ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii a ii??aiyii? c iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a, ni?eythoue e?auiio ?inoo ?ineei ca?iiaeo eoeueoo?,
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a oa aeei-a?anyii? noi?oee.

Aonoioa ?ineei iceii? ioaieoe? o aa??aioao ii?i aeia?ea, ui ?ic?aoiaai?
ca aaeainiaei iaoiaeii, ia /an cae?aiiy neeaea 367 oo/ i2, a aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a – 365 oo/ i2, no?ee?noue aei aeeyaaiiy neeaea a?aeiia?aeii
3,2 oa 4 aaea, aenioa ?ineei o oaco eiein?iiy 80,2 ni oa 76,6 ni; ieiua
eenoeiai? iiaa?oi? ?ineei o oaco eiein?iiy – 4,38 i2/ i2 ? 4,71i2/ i2.

?iaeaen eenoeiai? iiaa?oi? y?iai y/iaith a oeeo aa??aioao o oaco
eiein?iiy neeaa 4,25 ? 4,21, aenioa ?ineei – 74,6 ni oa 71,3 ni,
no?ee?noue aei aeeyaaiiy 3,4 oa 4,14 aaea.

O oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ieiua eenoe?a iaei??? ?ineeie ia ia??iae
iaeneiaeueiiai ?icaeoeo ca ii?i aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaaieo aaeainiaei
iaoiaeii, neeaea 55,0 aei2 ia ?ineeio i?ioe 57,1 aei2 ca iaoiaeii
aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a; iana iaeiiai ei?aiaieiaeo neeaea a?aeiia?aeii
470 a oa 534 a.

O aeei-a?anyii? noi?oee na?aaeiy iana ?ineei a oeeo aa??aioao aoea a
iaaeao 4300 ? 4416 a/ i2.

Ca iaio iaoiae?a aecia/aiiy ii?i aeia?ea e?auith aoea
i?aaii-i?ia?aeueia nenoaia oaeia?aiiy.

?ic?aooieia? ii?ie aeia?ea aeicaieeee iaea?aeaoe a?iaeaei?noue iceii?
ioaieoe? a iaaeao 81-84 % a?ae caieaiiaaii?, y?iai y/iaith – 85-86 %,
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a – 82-93 % ? aeei-a?anyii? noi?oee – 95-97 %.

I?aaii-i?ia?aeueia nenoaia oaeia?aiiy a ii??aiyii? c i?ia?aeueiith
caaacia/eea a?eueoo iaaeeaeai?noue o?iaeaeiino? aei caieaiiaaii?: o
ca?iiaeo eoeueoo? aiia neeaea 88-96%, o oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a oa
aeei-a?anyii? noi?oee – 95-100 %.

E?auei iaoiaeii aecia/aiiy ii?i aeia?ea ? iaoiae aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a, ii??aiyii c aaeainiaei iaoiaeii. O?i?/iee neeaae ?
ye?noue i?iaeoeoe?? eoeueoo? n?aici?ie a oeeo aa??aioao nooo?ai ia
i?iy?oueny. Ca ?aooiie a?eueoi? a?iaeaeiino? eoeueoo? o aa??aio?
i?aaii-i?ia?aeueii? nenoaie oaeia?aiiy a ii??aiyii? c i?ia?aeueiith ca??
a?eea oa oeoe?o c??n a?aeiia?aeii ia 13 % ? 11 %.

O aa??aio? aaeainiaiai iaoiaeo aecia/aiiy ii?ie aeia?ea na?aaei?e
ai?no aoiono a a?oio? neeaa 4,66 %, ui ia 0,03 % iaioa ca ii/aoeiaee
??aaiue. Ai?no eoaeiia?ae?ie?ciaaiiai acioo caeeoeany ia iecueeiio
??ai?, oinoi?o – noaa aenieei (cai?noue i?aeaeuaiiai), ai?no eae?th
caeeoeany ia aeoaea aenieiio ??ai?. O aa??aioao, aea ii?ie aeia?ea
?ic?aoiaoaaee iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a, oe? iieacieee
ciaoiaeyoueny ia oaeiio ae ??ai?. Ioaea, aeaiee iaoiae caaacia/o?
noaa?e?caoe?th a?oioiai? ?iaeth/ino?.

Iaoiae aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a aecia/aiiy ii?i aeia?ea ii??aiyii c
aaeainiaei iaoiaeii aeicaiey? ?noioii cieceoe aeo?aoe aeia?ea, io?eiaoe
??aaiue a?iaeaeiino? aeecueeo aei caieaiiaaii?. A oeueiio aa??aio?
ieoii?noue iaeeieoe? aianaieo aeia?ea i?e ae?iuoaaii? iceii? ioaieoe?
c?inoa? a 1,9 ?ace, oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a – a 1,3 ?ace, y?iai y/iaith – a
2,1 ?ace, aeei-a?anyii? noi?oee – a 1,5 ?ace; aia?aaoe/iee eiao?oe??io
ei?enii? ae?? aeia?ea c?inoa? a?aeiia?aeii a 2,1; 1,9; 3,1 ? 1,01 ?ace;
c?inoa? aa?o?noue i?eaaaee iniiaii? i?iaeoeoe??; i?aeaeuo?oueny
i?iaeoeoeai?noue aaeoa?a n?aici?iii? ieiu? a 1,1 ?ace.

Ca oeueiai iaoiaeo i?iaeoeoeai?noue n?aici?ie i?aeaeuo?oueny ia 10 %,
ieoii?noue aeia?ea c?inoa? ia 70 %.

?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ae?iaieoeoao

A oiiaao i?aaeaiii-cao?aeii? /anoeie E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie i?e ae?iuoaaii?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? ca ?ioaineaieie oaoiieia?yie ia
/i?iicaiao c na?aaei?i, aai aeua na?aaeiueiai ai?noii ?ooiieo niieoe
oinoi?o ? eae?th, ?aeiiaiaeiaaii a?eueo aeieia?/ii aacia/iee oa
aeiiii?/ii aea?aeiee iaoiae ?ic?aooieo ii?i ca aaeainiaeie
eiao?oe??ioaie canai?iiy aeaiaio?a i?ia?aeueiiai aeeaeaiiy o n?aici?i?.

Oi?ioee ?ic?aooieo:

(1); (2); (3), aea

N, P2O5, K2O – ii?ia a?aeiia?aeii acioo, oinoi?o, eae?th, ea/ aa; A, A1,
A2 – aeiin a?aeiia?aeii acioo, oinoi?o, eae?th, ea/ o; N0, P0, K0 –
aianaii c i?aai?/ieie aeia?eaaie iiaeeaieo ?a/iaei, ea/ aa; KN, KP, KK –
eiao?oe??ioe aeei?enoaiiy acioo, oinoi?o, eae?th c i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea;
X, X1, X2 – ai?no a a?oio? eoaeiia?ae?ie?ciaaiiai acioo, aeinooiiiai
oinoi?o, eae?th, ia/ ea.

Nienie ioae?eaoe?e ca oaiith aeena?oaoe??:

Neiaiaeyi N.I., Eooi?? A.A. Ii??aiyiiy ??cieo ?ic?aooieiaeo ii?i
aeia?ea oa nenoai oaeia?aiiy i?e ae?iuoaaii? y?iai y/iaith ia /i?iicaiao
a oiiaao cao?aeiiai E?ninoaio // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue
Eai’yiaoeue-Iiae?euenueeiai n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ?inoeoooo
i?enay/aiee 75-??//th c aeiy eiai canioaaiiy. – i.Eai.-Iiae., 1995. – N.
90-91.

Neiaiaeyi N.I., Neiaiaeyi O.I., Eooie? A.A ?an/?o oaeia?aiee ii
aaeainiaui eiyoeoeeaioai // Naoa?iay naaeea. – 1996. – ? 3. – N. 8-9.

Neiaiaeyi N.I., Eooi?? A.A. O?iaeaei?noue ? ye?noue iceii? ioaieoe? oa
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a caeaaeii a?ae aeic aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaaieo iaoiaeii
iioei?caoe?? // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue Oiainueei?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? aeaaeai??. – Ee?a, 1997. – N. 59-61.

Neiaiaeyi N.I., Neiaiaeyi O.I., Eooi?? A.A. Aeaa?aaeaoe?y oeiiaiai
/i?iicaio i?ney i?eieiaiiy aianaiiy aeia?ea i?ae eoeueoo?e n?aici?ie //
Nia?aiaiiua i?iaeaiu io?aiu caiaeue. – O?oaeu Iaaeainoaea?noaaiiie
iao/iie eiioa?aioeee (Eeaa, 10-12 naioya?y 1997a.). – *anoue 3. – N.
141-143.

Eooi?? A.A. Iioei?caoe?y aeeaeaiiy eoeueoo? n?aici?ie // Aa?a?ia iaoea
naeo. – Aeione 5. – *a?i?aoe? “Ieoaoeue”, 1998. – N. 9-10.

6. Eooi?? A.A. I?iaeoeoeai?noue eoeueoo? n?aici?ie caeaaeii a?ae ie?aieo
aeaiaio?a ?ioaineaieo oaoiieia?e a oiiaao Iiae?eey // Aa?a?ia iaoea
naeo. – Aeione 6. – i.Eai’yiaoeue-Iiae?euenueeee, aeaeaaieoeoai
“Aaaoea”, 1998. – N.71-73.

Aiioaoe?y

Eooi?? A.A. Aieea iaoiae?a i?ia?aioaaiiy a?iaeath eoeueoo? ca?ii
ao?yeiai? n?aici?ie ia ?o ??no, ?icaeoie oa i?iaeoeoeai?noue. – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 06.01.09 –
?ineeiieoeoai. – Iiae?euenueea aea?aeaaia aa?a?ii-oaoi?/ia aeaaeai?y, i.
Eai’yiaoeue-Iiae?euenueeee, 1998.

Aea/aii aieea ?ic?aooieiaeo aeic i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea oa ??cieo nenoai
oaeia?aiiy ia ??no n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo?, ?o
i?iaeoeoeai?noue oa ye?noue io?eioaaii? i?iaeoeoe?? oa ia ci?io
aa?io?i?/ieo iieaciee?a ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo.

Anoaiiaeaii, ui i?e ae?iuoaaii? eoeueoo? o n?aici?i? aeiiii?/ii
aea?aei?oeie ? ii?ie aeia?ea, ?ic?aoiaai? iaoiaeii aaeainiaeo
eiao?oe??io?a.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: n?aici?ia, iaoiae aaeainiaeo eiao?oe??io?a, nenoaia
oaeia?aiiy, o?iaeaei?noue, ii?ia.

Aiiioaoeey

Eooie? A.A. Aeeyiea iaoiaeia i?ia?aiie?iaaiey o?iaeay eoeueoo?
ca?iinaaeeiae/iiai naaiiai?ioa ia eo ?ino, ?acaeoea e i?iaeoeoeaiinoue.
– ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea iao/iie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa
naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 06.01.09 –
?anoaieaaiaenoai. – Iiaeieueneay ainoaea?noaaiiay aa?a?ii-oaoie/aneay
aeaaeaiey, a. Eaiaiaoe-Iiaeieueneee, 1998.

Eco/aii aeeyiea ?an/?oiuo ii?i ieia?aeueiuo oaeia?aiee e ?aciuo nenoai
oaeia?aiey ia ?ino naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo eoeueoo?, eo i?iaeoeoeaiinoue e
ea/anoai iieo/aaiie i?iaeoeoeee e ia eciaiaiey aa?ioeie/aneeo
iieacaoaeae ieiaei?iaeey ii/au.

Auyniaii, /oi i?e au?aueaaiee eoeueoo? naaiiai?ioa aieaa yeiiiie/anee
auaiaeiuie anoue ii?iu oaeia?aiee, ?ann/eoaiiua iaoiaeii aaeainiauo
eiyooeoeeaioia.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: naaiiai?io, iaoiae aaeainiauo eiyooeoeeaioia, nenoaia
oaeia?aiey, o?iaeaeiinoue, ii?ia.

Annotation

Kushnir V.V. The influence of the crops yield-programming methods in
grain-beet crop rotation on their growth, development and productivity.
– Manuscript.

The dissertation for a candidates degree of Agricultural sciences by
speciality 06.01.09 – plant-growing. The State Agrotechnical Academy of
Podilya, Kamyanets-Podilsky, 1998.

There are studied different systems of fertilising as well as calculated
per hectare fertilisers quota and the agrochemical indices of soil
fertility by receiving the planned crop yields and their influence over
the growth cereal, forage and technical crops, their productivity and
the quality of obtained production.

There is established that by the cultivating crop rotation it is more
profitable to use the methods of per hectare fertilisers quota and
calculated balance coefficients.

Key words: crop rotation, method of balance coefficients, system of
fertilising, crop yields, quota.

PAGE 14

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