Iaeanueeee a?ae?iiaoai?ieia?/iee ?inoeooo
NAIAIIAA ?IIA AAI?A??AIA
OAeE 551.515.1
AIA?AAOEEA ? AIEIAIAI?NO “I??IATH*EO” OeEEEII?A
11.00.09 – iaoai?ieia?y, ee?iaoieia?y, aa?iiaoai?ieia?y
Aaoi?aoa?ao aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa aaia?ao?/ieo iaoe
Iaeana-1998
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia a Iaeanueeiio a?ae?iiaoai?ieia?/iiio ?inoeooo?
I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee
aeieoi? aaia?ao?/ieo iaoe,
i?ioani?
E?aaaiia Aiaoie?e Oaaei?iae/
caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?ith
oai?aoe/ii? iaoai?ieia??
? iaoai?ieia?/ieo i?iaiic?a
Iaeanueeiai
a?ae?iiaoai?ieia?/iiai
?inoeoooo
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:
aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Oeieueiee ?aaai Iaaeiae/, Iaeanueeee
a?ae?iiaoai?ieia?/iee ?inoeooo, i?ioani? eaoaae?e aaio?ce/ii?
a?ae?iaeeiai?ee oa oai??? ee?iaoo;
eaiaeeaeao aaia?ao?/ieo iaoe, Oeieaa?/ Iaoae?y Aaiaae??aia, Oe?a?inueeee
iaoeiaee oeaio? aeieia?? ii?y I?i?noa?noaa ioi?iie iaaeieeoiueiai
na?aaeiaeua, i?ia?aeiee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa
Oe?a?inueeee iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee
a?ae?iiaoai?ieia?/iee
?inoeooo, Aea?aeeiia?ae?iiao, i.
Ee?a
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 17 a?oaeiy 1998 ?. i 10 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 41.090.01, Iaeanueeee
a?ae?iiaoai?ieia?/iee ?inoeooo, 270016, i. Iaeana, aoe. Euea?anueea, 15
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? Iaeanueeiai
a?ae?iia-
oai?ieia?/iiai ?inoeoooo, i. Iaeana, aoe. Euea?anueea, 15
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee 14 a?oaeiy 1998 ?.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee ______________ Eiaiaea I.N.
1
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oa nooi?iue aeine?aeaeaiiino? oaiaoeee. I??iath/?
oeeeeiie nooo?ai a?ae??ciythoueny a?ae ?ioeo iicao?iie/ieo aeoi??a
neiiioe/iiai ianooaao ca aeayeeie e?eoa??yie. Iiiaae ona, oea
neeaaeiee oa?aeoa? aaiethoe?? i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a, ye? /anoi
aeieeathoue iaae iaeiina?oeaieie iaoai?ieia?/ieie aeaieie ?aeiiaie
I?ai?/ii? Aoeaioeee, a iio?i oaeaeei ia?ai?uothoueny a i?aaeaii? ?aeiie
No?aeii? ?a?iie. A iaeano? aieeao i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a a?aei?/athoueny
iani?eyoeea? iiaiaei? oiiae – ooi?iiaa iineeaiiy a?o?o, o?eaae?
oo?oiaeie ? ieeueia? ao??, ??cea cieaeaiiy oaiia?aoo?e iia?o?y. Aeey
oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie i??iath/? oeeeeiie – aeinoaoiuei ??aeea yaeua (ca
na?aaei?ie aaaaoi??/ieie aeaieie a?ey o?ueio oeeeeii?a ia ??e), ui
aeiaeaoeiai a?aeaeaa?oueny ia neaaeee aea/aiino? oeeo aoiinoa?ieo
ia’?eo?a.
Ia/eneai? ?iaioe ca aeine?aeaeo?iith oaiaoeeith aoei aeeiiaii a
iniiaiiio a 50-60-o ?ieao c aeei?enoaiiyi neiiioeei-ee?iaoe/iiai
i?aeoiaeo, ui aeicaieeei io?eiaoe ?yae aaaeeeaeo ?acoeueoao?a i?i
iiaoi?thaai?noue, oeiia? o?a?eoi???, no?oeoo?o oa?iiaa?e/ieo iie?a ?
iiaiaei? oiiae, iia’ycai? c i??iath/eie oeeeeiiaie. Iaeiae, i?eioeeiiai
aaaeeea? noi?iie o?ce/iiai iaoai?cio aeieeiaiiy ? aaiethoe??
i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a caeeoathoueny iiee iac’yniaaieie, ui iio?aao?
canoinoaaiiy ?ioeo iaoiae?a ?o aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaeiei c oaeeo iaoiae?a,
yeee cai?iiiiiaaiee a aeai?e ?iaio?, ? aia?aaoe/iee i?aeo?ae, yeee
noiniaii i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a ?ai?oa ia aeei?enoiaoaaany. Io?eiai? a
?iaio? ?acoeueoaoe aeicaieeee nooo?ai ?icoe?eoe no/ania oyaeaiiy i?i
o?ce/iee iaoai?ci aaiethoe?? oeueiai oeio aoiinoa?ieo i?ioean?a.
Iaoa oa iniiai? caaaeaiiy iaoeiaiai aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iniiaiith
iaoith aeaii? ?iaioe ? noai?aiiy oa?aeoa?iiai “ii?o?aoo” i??iath/eo
oeeeeii?a, ui ia?ai?uothoueny oa?eoi???th Oe?a?ie, ca aeiiiiiaith
aeacaiiai aeua aia?aaoe/iiai i?aeoiaeo.
A i?ioean? ?aae?caoe?? oe??? eiioeaioe?? ia?aaeaa/aeinue ??oaiiy
oaeeo eiie?aoieo caaea/:
– ?aeaioeo?eaoe?y oei?a i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a, ui ia?ai?uothoueny
oa?eoi???th Oe?a?ie ca ??cieie o?a?eoi??yie, ca aeiiiiiaith
neiiioeei-noaoenoe/ieo ? a?ae?iaeeiai?/ieo iaoiae?a;
– noai?aiiy “aia?aaoe/ieo ii?o?ao?a” i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a
??cieo oei?a a oac? ?o iaene-iaeueiiai ?icaeoeo;
– aeine?aeaeaiiy aia?aaoe/ieo ? aieia?noieo oa?aeoa?enoee a
i?ioean? aaiethoe?? i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a.
Oai?aoe/ia oa i?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy oa eiai iaoeiaa
iiaecia iieyaa? o oaeiio:
– aia?oa aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a canoiniaaii
aia?aaoe/iee i?aeo?ae;
2
– aia?oa i?iaaaeaia ioe?iea neeaaeiaeo aaeain?a e?iaoe/ii?
aia?a?? ? aiaeyii? ia?e aeey i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a ??cieo oei?a a oac? ?o
iaeneiaeueiiai ?icaeoeo;
– aia?oa aeine?aeaeaia aeeiai?ea aieia?noii-aia?aaoe/ieo
oa?aeoa?enoee i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a a i?ioean? ?o ?icaeoeo ?
ia?ai?uaiiy ia oa?eoi??th Oe?a?ie.
Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iaoeiaeo ?ic?iaie. Io?eiai? e?euee?ni? ioe?iee
aia?aaoe/iiai athaeaeaoo ? aieiaiai?noa i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a ??cieo
oei?a iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? a ?ic?iaoe? no/anieo a?ae?iaeeiai?/ieo
iaoiae?a i?iaiico aaiethoe?? ? ia?ai?uaiiy oeeo aa?e/ieo ooai?aiue.
E??i oiai, cai?iiiiiaaiee a ?iaio? eiiieaeniee iaoiae ?aeaioeo?eaoe??
i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a iiaea ciaeoe canoinoaaiiy a i?iaiinoe/ieo
i?ae?icae?eao Oe?A?ae?iiaoa i?e iaoai?ieia?/iiio caaacia/aii? ??cieo
aaeocae aeiiii?ee e?a?ie.
Ai?iaaoe?y oa ioae?eaoe?? ?acoeueoao?a. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe
?iaioe aeiiia?aeaeeny ia ?oiaia?e iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? IAI? (1995 ?.),
ia ?icoe?aiiio iaoeiaiio nai?ia?? eaoaae?e oai?aoe/ii? iaoai?ieia?? ?
iaoi?iaiic?a IAI? (1997 ?.), iioae?eiaai? a 6 noaooyo ? i?aaenoaaeai?
o aeaeyae? 2-o oacen?a aeiiia?aeae ia i?aeia?iaei?e eiioa?aioe??
IAMAS/IAPSO (Iaeueao?i, 1997 ?.).
No?oeoo?a oa ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c anooio,
/ioe?ueio ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae ?
aeiaeaoe?a. Caaaeueiee ia’?i ?iaioe neeaaea? 173 noi??iee iaoeiiieniiai
oaenoo, yeee aeeth/a? 5 ?enoie?a, 31 oaaeeoeth, aeiaeaoee ia 12
noi??ieao, nienie aeei?enoaieo e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaea?ae c 71 iaeiaioaaiiy.
Eiie?aoiee iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a a ?ic?iaeo iaoeiaeo
?acoeueoao?a, ui aeiinyoueny ia caoeno, iieyaa? o oaeiio:
– cai?iiiiiaaii eiiieaeniee i?aeo?ae aei ?aeaioeo?eaoe??
i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a c aeei?enoaiiyi oi?i iae?ioee?eoeyoe?? ?
ia?aiao??a aeiaaeo oaeeue;
– i?iaaaeaia oeiecaoe?y i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a c
aeei?enoaiiyi a?ae?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?ae-oa?enoee;
– i?iaaaeaii aeine?aeaeaiiy i?inoi?iai-/aniaiai ?iciiae?eo
aieia?noii-aia?aaoe/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee a i?ioean? aaiethoe??
i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a, ui ia?ai?uothoueny oa?eoi???th Oe?a?ie.
Iaoiaeieia?y, iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy i?aaeiaoo oa ia’?eoa. A ?iaio?
aeei?enoiao?oueny iaoiaeieia?y aia?aaoe/iiai i?aeoiaeo aei
aeine?aeaeaiiy oiia aaiethoe?? ? ia?ai?uaiiy i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a, yea
aeeth/a? aei naaa caaaeueiii?eeiyo? a iaoai?ieia??
neiiioeei-ee?iaoe/i? ? a?ae?iaeeiai?/i? iaoiaee aiae?co ? ?ic?aooieo
iaoai?ieia?/ieo iie?a ? aia?aaoe/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee aoiinoa?e.
Aeo?aeieie iaoa??aeaie iineoaeeee i?ecaii? ? aenioi? ea?oe iiaiaee
? aa?ieia?/i? atheaoai? ca 1970-1989 ?iee.
3
CI?NO ?IAIOE
O Anooi? iaaeaii noeneee iien niaoeeo?/ieo iniaeeainoae
i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a, noi?ioeueiaaia aeooaeuei?noue ? iniiaia iaoa
aeine?aeaeaiiy ? eiie?aoi? oeyoe ?aae?caoe??. Oaeiae iaaiaeeoueny
no?oeoo?a ? noenea aiioaoe?y ?icae?e?a aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe.
A ia?oiio ?icae?e?, a?oiooth/enue ia aeeiiaieo ?ai?oa ?iaioao
(*a?iiaa A.O., Aiaaoe?ue E.O., Oaiaeiaeei E.A.), aeeeaaeaii no/aniee
noai ieoaiiy i?i aea/ai?noue i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a. Noiniaii oa?eoi???
Oe?a?ie oaeiae iaaiaeyoueny aeai? i?i no?oeoo?o i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a,
io?eiai? aaoi?ii c aiae?co aa?ineiiioe/iiai iaoa??aeo ca 20-??/iee
ia??iae (1970-1989 ?iee). A oieiaeia i?a??//y
(aeiaoaiue-aa?acaiue) ca aeacaiee ia??iae aoei aeyaeaii 59
aeiaaee?a i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a, ui ia?ai?uoaaeeny oa?eoi???th Oe?a?ie,
c ieo 51 aeiaaeie iaeaaeeoue aei oeeeeii?a i?ai?/ii-cao?aeiiai oeio
o?a?eoi??e (I oei), 7 aeiaaee?a – aei i?ai?/iiai (II oei) ? 1 aeiaaeie
– aei oeueo?aiiey?iiai (III oei). Aeey c’ynoaaiiy iaea?eueo ni?eyoeeaeo
oiia aeieeiaiiy ? ia?ai?uaiiy i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a aoea canoiniaaia
a?aeiia eeaneo?eaoe?y iae?ioee?eoeyoe?eieo i?ioean?a A.E. Eaoea. I?e
oeueiio aeyaeaii, ui i??iath/ei oeeeeiiai a ??ai?e i???
a?aeiia?aeathoue i?ioeane, ui niinoa??aathoueny i?e ci?oai?e ?
cao?aei?e oi?iao oee?eoeyoe?? (48 ? 52% aeiaaee?a a?aeiia?aeii) c
ia?aaaaeaiiyi ia?eae?iiaeuei?e i???ioaoe?? aenioieo a?aaai?a ?
oeiaiaei. Aeyaeaii, ui oe? ae oi?ie oee?eoeyoe?? iiaeooue
niinoa??aaoeny ? i?e a?aenooiino? i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a
(eenoiiaae-a?oaeaiue 1978-79 ??.). O ca’yceo c oeei aeey ooi/iaiiy
iae?ii?ioean?a, ni?eyoeeaeo aei aeieeiaiiy i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a,
aeiaeaoeiai i?iiiio?oueny aeei?enoiaoaaoe ia?aiao?e aeiaaeo oaeeue
?inna? (aeiaaeeia (L), aiie?ooaea (A), aeiaaioa (() ?icoaooaaiiy
aenioiiai a?aaaiy, oe?ioa (() iniiae oaee?). Ina?aaeiai? ca 59
aeiaaeeaie aeacai? aeua ia?aiao?e oaee? ?inna? iathoue oae? cia/aiiy:
L=82 a?aae. aeiaaioe; A=10 a?aae. oe?ioe; (=3 a?aae. c.ae.; (=45
a?aae. i?ai. o. A aeiaaeeao, eiee i??iath/? oeeeeiie aoee a?aenooi?, aea
i?e iayaiino? ni?eyoeeai? oi?ie iae?ioee?eoeyoe??, a?aeoeeaiiy a?ae
ina?aaeiaieo ia?aiao??a a 2-3 ?ace ia?aaeuothoue a?aeiia?aei?
a?aeoeeaiiy i?e ia?ai?uaii? i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a ia oa?eoi??th Oe?a?ie.
Oaeei /eiii, aeei?enoaiiy eiiieaeno iae?ioee?eoeyoe?eieo ia?aiao??a
aoiinoa?e aeicaiey? a?eueo ia’?eoeaii ioe?ieoe ae?ia?aei?noue aeieeiaiiy
aai a?aenooiino? i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a a eiie?aoiiio aaia?ao?/iiio
?aa?ii?, i?ae i?e o?aaeeoe?eiiio neiiioe/iiio aiae?c?.
Aeey ?aeaioeo?eaoe?? oei?a i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a a ?iaio?
i?iiiio?oueny aeei?enoiaoaaoe oae? a?ae?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee
ye: aaeaaeoe?y aeoi?o (A() ? oaiia?aoo?e (Ao), aeeaa?aaioe?y
oaeaeeino? (D), aa?oeeaeueia ?ciaa?e/ia oaeaee?noue ((). I?e oeueiio
aeacai? oa?aeoa?enoeee ina?aaeiyeenue ca oeaio?aeueiith /anoeiith
oeeeeii?a, a oaeiae ca ieiuath, ui ia?aaeuo? ?ici??e
4
aeoi?a (aeey a?aooaaiiy aieeao a?ae?iaeeiai?/ii? no?oeoo?e oiio, ia
yeiio aaiethoe?ii??iaaee i??iath/? oeeeeiie). Aeiaeaoeiai i?iaiaeeeinue
oaeiae ina?aaeiaiiy ca /anii, a?aeiia?aeiiio ia??iaeo ?nioaaiiy
eiie?aoiiai oeeeeiio. A ?acoeueoao? ia i?eeeaae? 8 aeiaaee?a iieacaii,
ui:
– iaea?eueo iieaciaei ia?aiao?ii aeey ?iciaaeoaaiiy ??cieo
oei?a i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a ? oiiiaa aaeaaeoe?y aeoi?a, o oee /an ye
aeey oeaio?aeueieo /anoei oeeeeii?a cia/aiiy A( ?aeaioe/i? aeey an?o
o?ueio oei?a, oiaoi i?ioean aaiethoe?? i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a a cia/i?e
i??? aecia/a?oueny aeeiai?/iith no?oeoo?ith ioi/oth/iai ?o oiio;
– i??iath/ei oeeeeiiai on?o oei?a a?aeiia?aea? “ianoaiaea?oiee”
aeey iicao?ii?/ieo oeee-eiie/ieo ooai?aiue oa?aeoa? aa?oeeaeueiiai
?iciiae?eo aaeaaeoe?? oaiia?aoo?e, a naia: iayai?noue cia/ii?
aaeaaeoe?? oieiaeo a na?aaei?e o?iiinoa?? (-1.3 – -5.1(10-5 E(n-1 a
oeaio?aeuei?e /anoei?), ? ia?aaeuoth/i? ?? a 2-3 ?ace aaeaaeoe?? oaiea
a aa?oi?o oa?ao (2.9 – 8.8(10-5 E(n-1);
– aa?oeeaeueiee ?iciiae?e aeeaa?aaioe?? ? aa?oeeaeueieo oie?a
iaeiicia/ii ia a?aeia?aaeothoue niaoe?oeeo oiai /e ?ioiai oeio
i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a, iaeiae iiaeooue aooe ei?enieie i?e ae?aaiic?
oeeeeiaaiaco, ine?eueee aiie aeinoaoiuei aeia?a ?aaaothoue ia
?ioaineai?noue i?ioeano. Oae, iaea?eueo ?ioaineai? oeeeeiie I oeio
iathoue eeane/io aa?oeeaeueio no?oeoo?o aeeaa?aaioe?? ? aa?oeeaeueieo
oie?a: eiiaa?aaioe?y a ieaei?o oa?ao (-0.23(10-5 n-1) ?
aeeaa?aaioe?y – o aa?oi?o (0.53(10-5 n-1) i?e iayaiino?
eaac?aacaeeaa?aaioiiai ??aiy iiaeeco iiaa?oi? 500 aIa c iaeneioiii
aeno?aeieo aa?oeeaeueieo oie?a (-6.19 aIa/12 aiae). A neaaei-?icaeiooeo
oeeeeiiao II ? III oei?a niinoa??aa?oueny aiiiae?y a ?iciiae?e?
?icaeyaea?ieo oa?aeoa?enoee, a naia: eiiaa?aaioe?y a ieaei?e ?
aa?oi?e o?iiinoa?? ? iayai?noue ieco?aeieo aa?oeeaeueieo oie?a a
na?aaei?e. A oe?eiio, aeiaeaoeiaa i?eoyaiaiiy e?euee?nieo
a?ae?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee nooo?ai iie?auo? ia’?eoeai?noue iaoiaeo
?aeaioeo?eaoe?? ??cieo oei?a i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a, i?ae i?e cae/aeiiio
ye?niiio neiiioe/iiio aiae?c?.
A ae?oaiio ?icae?e? aeeeaaeai? iaoiaeieia?/i? i?eioeeie
aeine?aeaeaiiy aia?aaoeee aoiinoa?e. Nii/aoeo iaaaaeaii noeneee iaeyae
e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaea?ae ca ieoaiiyie aia?aaoeee aoiinoa?e o oe?eiio, a
oaeiae i?ioean?a ??ciiai ianooaao. Aeae? ?icaeyaeai? ??aiyiiy aaeaino
??cieo aeae?a aia?a?? aeey aoiinoa?ieo i?ioean?a iae?iianooaao, a
oaeiae iaaeaiee o?ce/iee aiae?c neeaaeiaeo aaeainiaeo ??aiyiue
noiniaii i?ioean?a neiiioe/iiai ianooaao. Iai?ee?ioe? iaaiaeeoueny
aeei?enoiaaia a ?iaio? iaoiaeeea ?ic?aooieo aia?aaoe/ieo
oa?aeoa?enoee, iienaia i?ioeaaeo?a ?ioaa?oaaiiy ??aiyiue aaeaino ?
aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo i?inoi?iaeo iio?aeieo.
??aiyiiy aaeaino ieoiii? e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? (E) ? ianiai? /anoee
aiaeyii? ia?e (q) a ?ciaa?e/i?e nenoai? eii?aeeiao, ye?
aeei?enoiaothoueny a iiaeaeueoiio aiae?c?, iathoue aeaeyae:
5
( (E ( ( ( ( (
( ( = – (( VK -( (((K)- ( V (( + (D1 ; (1)
( (t ( ( (p ( (
E1 E2 E3 E4 E5
( (q ( ( ( (
( ( = -( ( Vq -( (((q) + ( D4 ;
(2)
( (t ( ( (p (
q1 q2 q3 q4
aea K=(u2+v2)/2;
V(u,v) – aaeoi? oaeaeeino?;
O – aaiiioaioe?ae;
(- iia?aoi? iaaea;
( = 1/gS ((( dxdydp;
S – ieiua ina?aaeiaiiy.
A oeeo ??aiyiiyo: E1, q1 – eieaeuei? ci?ie e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? ?
aieiaiai?noo a?aeiia?aeii; E2, q2 ? E3, q3 – ai?eciioaeueiee ?
aa?oeeaeueiee iioiee a?aeiia?aeieo oa?aeoa?enoee; E4 – aaia?aoe?y
e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? ca ?aooiie ?iaioe neee aa?e/iiai a?aae??ioo; E5, q4
– aeeneiaoeai? /eaie, ui ?ic?aoiaoaaeenue ye caeeoeia?.
Aaia?oth/ee /eai E4 i?aaenoaaeaii o aeaeyae? noie aaeaaeoeaii? ?
cnoaii? neeaaeiaeo:
(K4
( = [(Faaea] + [(Fnaea]; (3)
(p
aea [(Faaea]( R[Ao]ln(p1/p2);
[(Fnaea] = [(O/(S](([(u+v)]/(p((p;
[ ] – neiaie ina?aaeiaiiy ca ieiuath S.
Aeo?aeia ?ioi?iaoe?y aeey ?ic?aooie?a neeaaeiaeo aaeain?a E ? q
aoea i?aaenoaaeaia o aeaeyae? n?oeiaeo iie?a aaiiioaioe?aeo, neeaaeiaeo
oaeaeeino? a?o?o, oaiia?aoo?e, aeao?oeeoo oi/ee ?ine, io?eiaieo oeyoii
nieaei-?ioa?iieyoe?? aeaieo ?aae?iciiaeoaaiiy aei aoce?a ?aaoey?ii?
n?oee c ai?eciioaeueiei e?ieii 100 ei ? e?ieii ii aa?oeeae? (p=50 aIa a
oa?? aoiinoa?e 1000-100 aIa. 6
6
I?inoi?ia? iio?aei? a ??aiyiiyo aaeaino ai?ienei??iaaeenue ca noaiith
Ooiaia, a ?ioaa?oaaiiy i?iaiaeeeinue ca oi?ioeith o?aiaoe?e.
A o?aoueiio ?icae?e? i?aaenoaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe aiae?co aia?aaoeee ?
aieiaiai?noo i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a, ui ciaoiaeeeenue a oac?
iaeneiaeueiiai ?icaeoeo. Aeine?aeaeoaaeenue o?e i??iath/eo oeeeeiie,
a?aeiia?aeii oeiiaei o?a?eoi??yi: I oei – 16-19 a?oaeiy 1985 ?., II –
13-16 eenoiiaaea 1988 ?., III – 24-27 ethoiai 1980 ?. Oeeeeiie, ui
?icaeyaeaeenue, ia iiiaio naiai iaeneiaeueiiai ?icaeoeo aoee
?icoaoiaai?: oeeeeii I oeio (18.12.85 ?.) – aeaui ia i?ai?/ a?ae
Acianueeiai ii?y; oeeeeii II oeio (15.11.88 ?.) – iaae i?ai?/ieie
?aeiiaie Oe?a?ie; oeeeeii III oeio (25.02.80 ?.) – iaae Na?aaei?i
O?aeii. Iacaaaeath/e ia aeinoaoiuei oe?ieo oe?ioio nioao ?icoaooaaiiy
oeeeeii?a, iae?ioee?eoeyoe?ei? oiiae aeey on?o aeiaaee?a aoee noiae?.
Oae, ?ioaineai?noue aenioii? o?iioaeueii? ciie ia oe?io? ?icoaooaaiiy
oeeeeii?a a eiaeiiio aeiaaeeo neeaaeaea 36 aeai/1000 ei, a
ai?eciioaeuei? a?aenoai? i?ae i?ecaiieie oeaio?aie oeeeeii?a ?
a?aeiia?aeieie ?i oeaio?aie ia ??ai? AO-500 aIa neeaaeaee anueiai 3-4
a?aaeone ia?eae?aio, oiaoi oeeeeiie a ?icaeyaea?i? aeaoe i?aaenoaaeyee
niaith aeoi?e c eaac?aa?oeeaeueieie a?nyie. Aieia?noii-aia?aaoe/i?
oa?aeoa?enoeee ina?aaeithaaeenue ca ieiuath S, yea na?aeiii
ia?aae-uoaaea ?ici??e oeeeeiio, aeeth/ath/e aei naaa aieea oiio; ca
ieiuath S1, a?aeiia?aei?e oeaio?aeuei?e /anoei? aeoi?a, a oaeiae ca
neeaaeath/eie eiai /anoeiaie – ia?aaei?e Si ? oeeia?e So. Iaeano? Si ?
So aecia/aeeny a caeaaeiino? a?ae iai?yieo ia?anoaaiiy oeeeeii?a ?
ii/anoe aeeth/aee aei naaa aieea oiio. Oa? aoiinoa?e 1000-100 aIa aoa
?icaeoee ia 5 ca?eueoaieo oa??a, ye? oa?aeoa?ecothoue i?ioeane
??cieo oa??a o?iiinoa?e: 1000-850, 850-700, 700-500, 500-300 ?
300-100 aIa. Aeiaeaoeiai ?ic?aoiaoaaeenue ?ioaa?aeuei? oa?aeoa?enoeee
aaeain?a E ? q a oa?ao 1000-700, 1000-300 ? 1000-100 aIa.
A ?acoeueoao? aiae?co neeaaeiaeo aaeain?a e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? ?
aieiaiai?noo anoaiiaeaii, ui:
– iaea?eueo? ?ioaa?aeuei? caiane e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? iaa oeeeeii I
oeio (11.88( (10-5 Aeae/i2), a iaeiaio? – oeeeeii II oeio (6.47(10-5
Aeae/i2). Iaeneioi aia?aiai?noo a?aei?/aany a oeeia?e /anoei?
oeeeeii?a I ? III oei?a ? ia?aaei?e – a oeeeeii? II oeio;
– i?eieea e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? ca ?aooiie aeeaa?aaioe??
ai?eciioaeueiiai iioieo (E2>0) a?aeaoaaany a iniiaiiio e??cue
cao?aeio ? i?ai?/io iaae? aeoi??a c ia?aaaaith oiai /e ?ioiai
iai?yieo a caeaaeiino? a?ae oeio oeeeeiia, a a?aeo?e – ia?aaaaeii
e??cue no?aeio iaaeo a oeeeeiiao I ? II oei?a, ? e??cue i?aaeaiio – a
oeeeeii? III oeio;
– aeey on?o o?ueio oei?a i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a oa?aeoa?iei ?
i?eieea e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? ca ?aooiie aeeaa?aaioe?? aa?oeeaeueiiai
iioieo (E3>0) a na?aaei?e o?iiinoa?? (oa? 700-500 aIa) ?c aeua- ?
ieae/a?icoaoiaaieo oa??a; iaeneiaeueiee a?aeo?e niinoa??aaany a
aa?oi?e o?iiinoa??. Aianie oeueiai oaeoi?o ia ii?yaeie iaioa
ai?eciioaeueiiai ia?aiino e?iaoe/ii? aia?a??;
7
– a on?o oeeeeiiao niinoa??aaany ia?ao?ae iioaioe?aeueii?
aia?a?? a e?iaoe/io (E4>0) a ieaei?e o?iiinoa??; cai?ioi?e i?ioean
a?aeaoaaany a oa?? 700-300 aIa a oeeeeiiao I ? II oei?a. A oeeeeii? III
oeio aaia?aoe?y e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? a?aei?/aeany a on?e o?iiinoa?? c
iaeneioiii a oa?? 500-300 aIa (33.9 Ao/i2). I?e oeueiio iniiai?
ia?aoai?aiiy aia?a?? a on?o oeeeeiiao a?aeaoaaeeny a ?o oeeiaeo
/anoeiao;
– iniiaiee aianie a oi?ioaaiiy iioa?iaeo ci?i E4 aea? ci?ia a?o?o
c aenioith ((Fnaea) c iaeneioiii aieeao a iaeano? aa?oiueio?iiinoa?ii?
no?oi?iii? oa/?? (500-300 aIa). Oa?i?/iee oaeoi? ((Faaea ) ia?aaaaeaoeia
a aa?oi?o oa?ao (300-100 aIa), iaeiae ?ioaa?aeueia cia/aiiy eiai a
aeae?eueea ?ac?a iaioa, i?ae cnoaiiai;
– ciae aaia?aoe?? e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? E4 aeia?a ocaiaeaeo?oueny c
aaiethoe??th oeeeeii?/ieo aeoi??a. Oae, i?eieea aia?a?? a on?e oiau?
o?iiinoa?e ca ?aooiie oeueiai oaeoi?o a oeeeeii? III oeio i?ecaiaeea
aei cia/iiai eiai ?icaeoeo c aenioith (aei ??aiy 200 aIa) a
iine?aeoth/ee i?ney oace iaeneiaeueiiai ?icaeoeo ia??iae. ?, iaaiaee,
a?aeo?e e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? ca ?aooiie ?? ia?aoai?aiiy a
iioaioe?aeueio a na?aaei?e ? aa?oi?e o?iiinoa?? ia?aaeoaaa caiiaiaiith
oeeeeii?a I ? II oei?a a oeueiio oa?? aoiinoa?e;
– iniiai? caiane aiaeyii? ia?e q aoee cina?aaeaeai? a ia?aaei?o
/anoeiao oeeeeii?a a ieaeiueiio 3-io eeeiiao?iaiio oa?? (a?ey 75%
?ioaa?aeueiiai aieiaiai?noo). Iaea?eueoa cia/aiiy q a?aei?/aeiny a
oeeeeii? II oeio – 11.14 ea/i2, iaeiaioa – a oeeeeii? III oeio – 6.94
ea/i2;
– iaaeoiaeaeaiiy aieiae a oeeeeiiao a?aeaoaaeiny a iniiaiiio ca
?aooiie ai?eciioaeueiiai ia?aiino (q2), yeee i?ecaiaeea aei
ca?eueoaiiy aieiaiai?noo a oeaio?aeueieo /anoeiao oeeeei-i?a I ? III
oei?a, ? ciaioaiiy – a oeeeeii? II oeio. I?e oeueiio i?eieea aieiae a
oeeeeii? I oeio a?aeaoaaany ia?aaaaeii e??cue cao?aeio iaaeo, a oeeeeii?
II oeio – e??cue i?aaeaiio, ? a oeeeeii? III oeio – e??cue i?ai?/io;
– ia?a?iciiae?e aiaeyii? ia?e aa?oeeaeueieie oieaie (q3)
i?eca?a aei eiai iaeiie/aiiy a na?aaei?e o?iiinoa?? a oeeeeiiao II ?
III oei?a, ? a aa?oi?e – a oeeeeii? I oeio.
Oaeei /eiii, i??iath/? oeeeeiie ??cieo oei?a a oac? iaeneiaeueiiai
?icaeoeo a?ae??ciythoueny ia?o ca ona ca oaeeie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie ye:
K2, q2, K4, a aaee/eie K3 ? q3 iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? ye aeiaeaoeia?
?aeaioeo?eaoi?e i?e ae?aaiinoeoe? oeio oeeeeiia.
*aoaa?oee ?icae?e i?enay/aiee aeine?aeaeaiith aeeiai?ee aia?aaoeee
? aieiaiai?noo i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a a i?ioean? ?o aaiethoe??.
Aieia?noii-aia?aaoe/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee ?icaeyaeaeeny o?eueee a oiio oa??
aoiinoa?e, a yeiio aeoi? aoa iioe?aiee a eiie?aoiee iiiaio /ano, ui
aeaei ciiao ioe?ieoe ci?io ?ioaineaiino? aia?aaoe/ieo ia?aoai?aiue a
caeaaeiino? a?ae oace ?icaeoeo oeeeeii?a.
8
Iacaaaeath/e ia iaeiaeiao o?eaae?noue ?nioaaiiy ?icaeyaea?ieo
oeeeeii?a (4 aeiae), aiie nooo?ai a?ae??ciythoueny ca oa?aeoa?ii
aaiethoe??. Oae, oeeeeii I oeio i?ieoia /ioe?e oace ?icaeoeo
o?iioaeueiiai oeeeeiia – a?ae oace ooai?aiiy (oaee?) aei oace
caiiaiaiiy, i?e/iio eiaeiee ia??iae o?eaaa a?ey aeiae. Aaiethoe?y
oeueiai aeoi?a ia i?ecaaea aei ?icaeoeo aenioiiai oeeeeiia. Oeeeeii II
oeio i?aaenoaaeya niaith iaaaeeeee /anoeiaee aeoi? a oeiaiaei? iioe?aii?
aeai?an?? iaae Aa?aioeaaei ii?ai. I?ioean “i??iaiiy” cae?enieany a
?acoeueoao? ?aaaia?aoe?? oeueiai /anoeiaiai oeeeeiio ia oieiaeiiio
o?iio?. Oa?aeoa?iith iniaeea?noth oeueiai oeeeeiia noaa oie oaeo, ui
a?i ia?a?nii aoa ?icaeiaiee aei ??aiy AO-300 aIa. Oeeeeii III oeio
a?ae??ciyany a?ae aeaio iiia?aaei?o oaeaeeei ?icaeoeii ia i?ioyc? aeiae
a?ae oace ooai?aiiy oaee? aei oace iaeneiaeueiiai ?icaeoeo. I?e
oeueiio niinoa??aaany ?icaeoie oeueiai oeeeeiio aei ??aiy AO-300 aIa,
a a ia??iae caiiaith-aaiiy, yeee o?eaaa aea? aeiae, – aei ??aiy
AO-200 aIa. Oae ye aaoi? iaa aeo?aeio ?ioi?iaoe?th aeene-?aoi?noth a 24
aiaeeie, aeine?aeeoe oaco iieiaeiai oeeeeiia ia aoei ciiae.
Oaeei /eiii, aieia?noii-aia?aaoe/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee a i??iath/eo
oeeeeiiao aeathoue iiaeeea?noue e?euee?niiai iieno ?o aaiethoe??,
aeeth/ath/e ? i?ioean ?aaaia?aoe??. A oaae. 1 i?aaenoaaeai? aeai?
i?i iaea?eueo ?ioi?iaoeai? neeaaeia? aaeain?a e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? (E,
E2, E4) ? aieiaiai?noo (q, q2) a i?ioean? aaiethoe?? i??iath/eo
oeeeeii?a ??cieo oei?a. Nie?ath/enue ia ?oiaia? aeai? oe??? oaaeeoe?,
iniiai? aeaiaee noiniaii aaeaino e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? caiaeyoueny aei
oaeiai:
– ?ioaa?aeueiee ai?no e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? a i??iath/eo oeeeeiiao ii
i??? ?o ?icaeoeo c aenioith a 2-3 ?ace c?inoa? a?ae iiiaioo aeieeiaiiy
aei ii/aoeo caiiaiaiiy. A oacao aeieeiaiiy ? caiiaiaiiy iniiai? caiane
E cina?aaeaeai? a ia?aaei?o /anoeiao oeeeeii?a, a a oac?
iaeneiaeueiiai ?icaeoeo – ia?aaaaeii a oeeiaeo;
– i?eieea e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? ca ?aooiie o?eaei??ii?
aeeaa?aaioe?? iioieo (E2+E3) ia?a-aaaeaa a i?ioean? aaiethoe?? oeeeeii?a
II ? III oei?a, a a oeeeeii? I oeio niinoa??aaany iino?eiee a?aeo?e
aia?a?? ca ?aooiie oeueiai oaeoi?o. Iaea?eueoa ?ioaineai?noue
aaeaaeoeaieo i?ioean?a i?e oeueiio niinoa??aaeany a oeeia?e /anoei?
a ia??iae ?icaeoeo, i?e caiiaiaii? – a ia?aaei?o /anoeiao oeeeeii?a;
– aaia?aoe?y e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? E4 aeiaeaoia a on?o o?ueio oeeeeiiao
a oacao ooai?aiiy-iaeneiaeueiee ?icaeoie, a a ia??iae caiiaiaiiy cia/ii
neaa?oa? a oeeeeiiao I ? II oei?a ? ci?ith? ciae ia i?ioeeaaeiee a
oeeeeii? III oeio;
– ii??aiyiiy aaeaaeoeaiiai i?eieeao e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? (E2+E3)
? ?? aaia?aoe?? E4 iieacaei, ui a oeeeeiiao I ? II oei?a oe? oaeoi?e
iaeiiai ii?yaeeo i?aeoe/ii a on? oace ?icaeoeo, a a oeeeeii? III oeio
ia?ao?ae iioaioe?aeueii? aia?a?? a e?iaoe/io ia?aaaaeaa a i?ioean?
eiai aaiethoe??;
9
Oaaeeoey
1
Oa?aeoa?enoeee e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? E (10 -5 Aeae/i2), E2, E4 (Ao/i2)
(/enaeueiee) ? aieiaiai?noo q (ea/i2), q2 (10-5 ea/i(n2) (ciaiaiiee) a
i?ioean? aaiethoe?? i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a
Oei Oa?ae- Oaca ?icaeoeo / Oa? aoiinoa ?e, aIa
oeee- oa?en-
2
3
4
eiio oeea 1000-
850 1000-
500 1000-
300 1000-
500 1000-
300 1000-
700 1000-
500 1000-
300
K
q 0.62
5.81 – – 3.26
9.36 – 1.13
7.45 – –
I K2
q2 0.70
7.09 – – -0.10
0.48 – -2.00
-8.84 – –
K4 13.00 – – 3.30 – 0.20 – –
K
q 0.23
6.07 1.62
13.13 3.74
13.58 3.57
11.26 6.39
11.69 1.20
8.07 3.17
9.99 7.88
10.41
II K2
q2 0.00
-0.56 -1.20
-2.82 -3.10
-2.99 1.70
1.14 3.20
1.06 0.20
1.34 3.30
1.86 12.10
1.61
K4 0.40 -3.00 -3.00 1.10 5.30 2.80 6.40 0.30
K
q – – – 2.36
6.29 6.08
6.64 1.25
4.74 2.85
6.13 6.85
6.45
III K2
q2 – – – 2.90
2.49 22.10
2.01 0.25
4.84 -1.25
4.36 -2.15
4.19
K4 – – – 10.30 55.40 3.65 -2.45 -25.15
K
q 0.45
5.94 1.62
13.13 3.74
13.58 3.06
8.97 6.23
9.16 1.19
6.75 3.01
8.06 7.36
8.43
Na?aae-
i? K2
q2 0.35
3.26 -1.20
-2.82 -3.10
-2.99 1.50
1.37 12.65
1.53 -0.52
-0.89 1.02
3.11 4.97
2.90
K4 6.70 -3.00 -3.00 4.90 30.35 2.22 1.97 -12.42
I?ei?oea:
iicia/aiiy oac ?icaeoeo: 2 – iieiaeee oeeeeii; 3 –
iaeneiaeueiee ?icaeoie;
4 –
caiiaiaiiy.
– ?aaaia?aoe?y oeeeeiia II oeio aeia?a ae?aaeaia a /aniaiio
oiae? ?ioaa?aeueiiai ai?noo e?iaoe/ii? aia?a??: iaeneiaeueia cia/aiiy E
(10.19(10-5 Aeae/i2) niinoa??aaeiny ia?aae ?aaaia?aoe??th, ? cia/ia ??
ciaioaiiy (iaeaea a 3 ?ace) – a ianooiiee no?ie. Iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie
oeeeeiio noi?iaiaeaeoaaany ca?eueoaiiyi e?iaoe/ii? aia?a??, iaeiae ??
iaeneiaeueia cia/aiiy aoei ana ae oaee iaioa, i?ae a no?iee, iiia?aaei?
?aaaia?aoe??. I?ioean ?aaaia?aoe?? noi?iaiaeaeoaaany ?ioaineaiei
ai?eciioaeueiei i?eieeaii e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? (E2>0) a iaeanoue aeoi?a.
I?inoi?iaa oa?iiaeeiai?/ia iaiaeii-??aei?noue oeeeeiia i?ae /an
aoiaeaeaiiy oieiaeiiai o?iioo aeinoaoiuei /?oei
a?aeia?aaeo?ouenyny a
10
aaee/eiao aaia?aoe?? e?iaoe/ii? aia?a??: a ia?aaei?e ? oeeia?e
/anoeiao a?aei?/aeeny i?aeoe/ii ??ai? ca iiaeoeai, aea i?ioeeaaei? ca
ciaeii aaee/eie E4 (41.4 ? -46.4 Ao/i2 a?aeiia?aeii);
– oaeaeeee ?icaeoie oeeeeiia III oeio c aenioith a?aeaoaaany ia
oii? ?ioaineaii? aaia?aoe?? e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? a ia??iae
ooai?aiiy-iaeneiaeueiee ?icaeoie, i?e oeueiio iniiaiee aianie a
?ioaa?aeueia cia/aiiy E4 iaeaaeea oeeia?e /anoei? (137.9 Ao/i2);
– aiae?c iiaii? ci?ie e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? (E1+E2+E3) iieacaa, ui
oeeeeii I oeio a oe?eiio aoa ina?aaeeii iaeiie/aiiy e?iaoe/ii?
aia?a??, a oeeeeiie II ? III oei?a – ina?aaeeaie aeoieo.
I?e aiae?c? neeaaeiaeo ??aiyiiy aaeaino aiaeyii? ia?e a i?ioean?
aaiethoe?? i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a c?iaeaii oae? aeniiaee:
– aeey an?o oei?a i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a oa?aeoa?ia ciaioaiiy
aieiaiai?noo i?ae /an ?o ?icaeoeo. I?e oeueiio iniiai? caiane aieiae
cina?aaeaeai?: a ia?aaei?e /anoei? – a oeeeeii? II oeio, a oeeia?e – a
oeeeeii? III oeio. A oeeeeii? I oeio a?aei?/aeanue ci?ia ?icoaooaaiiy
iaeneioia q a?ae iaei??? oace aei ?ioi?, iaoiiaeaia ia?aaiee/iith
o?a?eoi???th ia?anoaaiiy oeueiai oeeeeiio;
– oeeeeiie I ? II oei?a a i?ioean? aaiethoe??, noaey/e ii ciaeo
aeeneiaoeaiiai /eaia q4, a?aeaeathoue aieiao iaaeieeoiueiio na?aaeiaeuo
a iniiaiiio oeyoii iaaae?aaaoe/ieo i?ioean?a (eiiaeainaoe?y aiaeyii?
ia?e, ooai?aiiy oia?iino? oa iiaae?a). A oeeeeii? III oeio i?ioean
eiiaeainaoe?? ia?aaaaeaa a oacao ooai?aiiy ? caiiaithaaiiy, a a
ia??iae iaeneiaeueiiai ?icaeoeo aieiaiai?no aeoi?a ca?eueooaaany ca
?aooiie ?ioaineaii? o?eaei??ii? aaeaaeoe??;
– ?aaaia?aoe?y oeeeeiia II oeio a?aeaoaaeany ia oii? ?ioaineaiiai
ai?eciioaeueiiai i?eieeao aieiae (14.09(10-5 ea/i(n2), ui i?ecaaei
aei ca?eueoaiiy ?ioaa?aeueiiai aieiaiai?noo a iaeano? oeeeeiia a
ianooiio aeiao iaeaea a aeaa ?ace.
Ii??aiyiiy io?eiaieo aeey i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a oa?aeoa?enoee
aaeain?a e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? ? aieiaiai?noo c aiaeia?/ieie aeaieie aeey
oeeeeii?a ?ioeo oei?a iieacaei, ui aeine?aeaeo?i? oeeeeiie ?
na?aaei?ie ca ?ioaineai?noth aia?aaoe/ieo ia?aoai?aiue ia’?eoaie. I?e
oeueiio, iaea?eueo aeecueeeie aei oeeeeii?a ?ioeo oei?a ca oa?aeoa?ii
/aniaeo ci?i aieia?noii-aia?aaoe/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee ? oeeeeiie I oeio,
oiae? ye oeeeeiie II ? III oei?a, aeey yeeo yne?aai ae?aaeaiee
ia?eae?iiaeueiee oa?aeoa? iae?ioee?eoeyoe??, ca ?yaeii ia?aiao??a (E2,
E4, q) nooo?ai a?ae??ciythoueny a?ae ?ioeo iicao?iie/ieo oeeeeii?a.
Oaeei /eiii, aeei?enoaiiy aia?aaoe/ieo ? aieia?noieo oa?aeoa?enoee
i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a a i?ioean? ?o aaiethoe?? aea? iiaeeea?noue c
a?aooaaiiyi o?aaeeoe?eiiai neiiioe/iiai aiae?co aeey ?ic?iaee
ia’?eoeaiiai iaoiaeo ?aeaioeo?eaoe?? i??iath/eo oeeeeii?a ??cieo
oei?a.
A Aeniiaeao i?aaenoaaeai? iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe i?iaaaeaiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy, i?i ye? eoeiny aeua i?e aiae?c? ie?aieo ?icae?e?a
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe.
11
Aieiaiee aeniiaie aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe caiaeeoueny aei oiai, ui
io?eiai? ??cieie iaoiaeaie (neiiioeei-ee?iaoe/iei, a?ae?iaeeiai?/iei,
aia?aaoe/iei) a?aeiiino? i?i i??iath/? oeeeeiie aeicaieeee iiaeeaeoe
ciaiiy i?i o?ce/iee iaoaieci ? e?euee?nii ioe?ieoe iiaeeea?noue
?nioaaiiy oa aaiethoe?? oeeo i?ioean?a. Oaeee eiiieaeniee i?aeo?ae iiaea
aooe ?aeiiaiaeiaaiee aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy ?ioeo oei?a aoiinoa?ieo
i?ioean?a.
Nienie iioae?eiaaieo
i?aoeue
1. Nai?iiaa E. A. Oa?ie/aneea e aeeiaie/aneea oa?aeoa?enoeee
iu?ythueo oeeeeiiia,
aeeythueo ia iiaiaeiua oneiaey Oe?aeiu // Iaoai?ieiaey,
eeeiaoieiaey e aeae?ieiaey. –
1997. – Aui. 34. – N. 21-25.
2. Nai?iiaa E.A. Yia?aaoeea iu?ythueo oeeeeiiia // Iaoai?ieiaey,
eeeiaoieiaey e aeae-
?ieiaey. – 1997. – Aui. 34. – N. 25-30.
3. Nai?iiaa E.A. Aeeiaieea aeaaeiinoii-yia?aaoe/aneeo oa?aeoa?enoee
iu?ythueo oeeeei-
iia // Iaoai?ieiaey, eeeiaoieiaey e aeae?ieiaey. – 1998. – Aui.
35. – N. 63-69.
4. Oioeia A. I., Nai?iiaa E. A. Ainnoaiiaeaiea o?aoia?iuo iieae
iaoai?ieiae/aneeo aa-
ee/ei n iiiiuueth nieaei-ooieoeee; Iaean. aeae?iiaoai?ieia.
ei-o. – Iaeanna, 1994. – 11 n.
– ?on. – Aeai. a AIOA Oe?aeiu 03.01.95, ? 37 – Oe95 // Aiio. a
aeaeeia?. oeac.
AEIEOE, ? 4, 1995.
5. Eeaaaiia A.O., Oioeia A.I., Nai?iiaa E. A. Yia?aaoe/aneea
oa?aeoa?enoeee oeeeeiiia,
aeeythueo ia iiaiaeiua oneiaey Oe?aeiu; Iaean. aeae?iiaoai?ieia.
ei-o. – Iaeanna, 1995. –
30 n. – ?on. – Aeai. a AIOA Oe?aeiu 05.12.95, ? 2621-Oe95 //
Aiio. a aeaeeia?. oeac.
AEIEOE, ? 3, 1996.
6. Nai?iiaa E.A. Iu?ythuea oeeeeiiu, ieacuaathuea aeeyiea ia
iiaiaeiua oneiaey Oe?a-
eiu; Iaean. aeae?iiaoai?ieia. ei-o. – Iaeanna, 1996. – 15 n.
– ?on. – Aeai. a AIOA Oe?a-
eiu 12.06.96, ? 1400-Oe96 // Aiio. a aeaeeia?. oeac. AEIEOE, ?
9 (297), a/i 207,
1996.
12
A I I O A Oe ? ss
Naiaiiaa ?.A. Aia?aaoeea ? aieiaiai?no “i??iath/eo” oeeeeii?a. –
?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
aaia?ao?/ieo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 11.00.09 – iaoai?ieia?y,
ee?iaoieia?y, aa?iiaoai?ieia?y. – Iaeanueeee a?ae?iiaoai?ieia?/iee
?inoeooo, Iaeana, 1998.
Aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa i?enay/aia aeine?aeaeaiith “i??iath/eo”
oeeeeii?a, ui aieeaathoue ia iiaiaei? oiiae Oe?a?ie. Cai?iiiiiaaiee
eiiieaeniee iaoiae ?aeaioeo?eaoe?? oeeo oeeeeii?a c aeei?enoaiiyi
iae?ioee?eoeyoe?eieo, oaeeueiaeo ? a?ae?iaeeiai?/ieo ia?aiao??a.
Aiae?c neeaaeiaeo ??aiyiue aaeaino e?iaoe/ii? aia?a?? ? aieiaiai?noo
aeicaieea aeyaeoe iniaeeaino? o?ce/iiai iaoaiecio ?icaeoeo “i??iath/eo”
oeeeeii?a.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: “i??iath/ee” oeeeeii, aaeain aia?a??,
aieiaiai?no, e?iaoe/ia aia?a?y.
Nai?iiaa E.A. Yia?aaoeea e aeaainiaea?aeaiea “iu?ythueo” oeeeeiiia.
– ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa aaia?aoe/aneeo
iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 11.00.09 – iaoai?ieiaey, eeeiaoieiaey,
aa?iiaoai?ieiaey. – Iaeanneee aeae?iiaoai?ieiae/aneee einoeooo,
Iaeanna, 1998.
Aeenna?oaoeeiiiay ?aaioa iinayuaia enneaaeiaaieth “iu?ythueo”
oeeeeiiia, ieacuaathueo aeeyiea ia iiaiaeiua oneiaey Oe?aeiu.
I?aaeeiaeai eiiieaeniue iaoiae eaeaioeoeeaoeee yoeo oeeeeiiia n
eniieueciaaieai iae?ioee?eoeyoeeiiiuo, aieiiauo e aeae?iaeeiaie/aneeo
ia?aiao?ia. Aiaeec ninoaaeythueo o?aaiaiee aaeaina eeiaoe/aneie
yia?aee e aeaainiaea?aeaiey iicaieee auyaeoue iniaaiiinoe oece/aneiai
iaoaiecia ?acaeoey “iu?ythueo” oeeeeiiia.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: “iu?ythuee” oeeeeii, aaeain yia?aee,
aeaainiaea?aeaiea, eeiaoe/aneay yia?aaey.
Semyonova I.G. The Energetic and Moisture Maintenance of the
“Diving” Cyclones. – Manuscript.
Thesis for a candidate’s degree by speciality 11.00.09 – meteorology,
climatology, agrometeorology. – The Odessa Hydrometeorological
Institute, Odessa, 1998.
The dissertation is devoted to investigation of the “diving”
cyclones influencing for weather conditions of Ukraine. The complex
method of identification of that cyclones using the macrocirculations,
waves and hydrodinamical parameters are proposed. The analisis of
components of the kinetic energy and moisture maintenance balance
equations allowed to determine the specialities of the physical
mechanism of cyclone’s evolution.
Key words: “diving” cyclone, energy balance, moisture
maintenance, kinetic energy.
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