IAOe?IIAEUeIEE IAAeE*IEE OI?AA?NEOAO
?i. aeaae. I.I.Aiaiiieueoey
EO?AAI IEAENAIAe? ?AAIIAE*
OAeE: 618.39-085+616-001.28+614.876
EIIIEAENIA OA?AI?ss IAAEIIOOAAIIss
O AAA?OIEO A?OIE ?AAe?AOe?EIIAI ?ECEEO
14. 01. 01 – aeooa?noai oa a?iaeieia?y
AAOI?AOA?AO
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa iaaee/ieo iaoe
EE?A – 1998
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia a Iaoe?iiaeueiiio iaaee/iiio oi?aa?neoao? ?i. aeaae.
I.I.Aiaiiieueoey IIC Oe?a?ie.
IAOEIAEE EA??AIEE:
Aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? AIEIOA AEAAeENEAA ssEIAE*,
Iaoe?iiaeueiee iaaee/iee oi?aa?neoao ?i. aeaae. I.I.Aiaiiieueoey,
caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e aeooa?noaa oa a?iaeieia?? ?3.
IO?Oe?EI? IIIIAIOE:
*eai-ei?aniiiaeaio IAI ? AII Oe?a?ie, aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
NOAIAIEIANUeEA AAEEIA EIINOssIOEI?AIA, Iaoe?iiaeueiee iaaee/iee
oi?aa?neoao ?i. aeaae. I.I.Aiaiiieueoey, i?ioani? eaoaae?e aeooa?noaa oa
a?iaeieia?? ?1.
Aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? AeAOEAAE* AAEAIOEIA ?AAeIEEI?AIA,
?inoeooo iaae?ao???, aeooa?noaa oa a?iaeieia?? AII Oe?a?ie, ea??aiee
aeooa?nueeiai a?aeae?eaiiy iaoieia?? aaa?oieo.
I?IA?AeIA ONOAIIAA:
Ee?anueea iaaee/ia aeaaeai?y i?neyaeeieiiii? ina?oe ?i. I.E.Ooieea IIC
Oe?a?ie, eaoaae?a aeooa?noaa oa a?iaeieia?? ?1.
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “ 6 ” o?aaiy 1999 ?ieo i “13.30” aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 26.003.03 i?e
Iaoe?iiaeueiiio iaaee/iiio oi?aa?neoao? ?i. aeaae. I.I.Aiaiiieueoey
(252004, i.Ee?a-4, aoe. O.Oaa/aiei, 17).
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? Iaoe?iiaeueiiai
iaaee/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?i. aeaae. I.I.Aiaiiieueoey (i.Ee?a, aoe.
Ciieia?/ia, 1).
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “ 2 ” ea?oiy 1999 ?ieo.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
eaiaeeaeao iaaee/ieo iaoe
A?oianueeee ss.I.
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie: Iaaeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino? – iaeia ?c aaaeeeaeo
i?iaeai no/anii? ia?eiaoieia??, aeooaeuei?noue yei? aecia/a?oueny ??
nioe?aeueiei cia/aiiyi, aieeaii ia ??aaiue ia?iaeaeoaaiino?,
ia?eiaoaeueii? oa ?aiiuei? iaiiaoaeueii? nia?oiino?, cia/iei ??aiai
?iaae?aeecaoe?? ae?oae (A.ss.Aieioa, 1990; I.O.Ieoaeeaiei ? ni?aaao.,
1991; A.E.Eoeaeia, A.I.Neaeaeueieeiaa, 1996; E.Papiernik, 1989; H.
Zhang, M.B. Bracken, 1995).
*anoioa iaaeiiooaaiiy neeaaea? 20-31 a?ae on?o aeiaaee?a aaa?oiinoae,
ia?aae/anieo iieia?a – 4-12 oa ca inoaii? aeanyoee?ooy ia ia?
oaiaeaioe?? aei cieaeaiiy, a ca’yceo c /ei aeieea? iaiao?aei?noue
?ic?iaee iiaeo iaoiae?a ae?aaiinoeee oa e?eoaaiiy oe??? iaoieia??
(A.I.Neaeaeueieeiaa e niaao., 1994; A.ss.Aieioa ? ni?aaao., 1997;
E.Ammom et al., 1987).
Neeaaei?noue i?iaeaie oaeiae iieyaa? a oiio, ui ao?ieia?y oa iaoiaaiac
iaaeiiooaaiiy inoaoi/ii ia aea/ai? (A.I.Naaaeueaaa e niaao., 1991; S.
Verp Marion, 1992).
A inoaii? ?iee noaei i/aaeaeiei, ui aaaeeeaei oaeoi?ii, yeee aieeaa? ia
ia?aa?a aaa?oiino?, ? aeieia?/iee noai iaaeieeoiueiai na?aaeiaeua
(Y.E.Aeeaiacyi e niaao, 1996; M.Bertin et al., 1994).
I?ney aaa??? ia *i?iiaeeuenuee?e AAN ?yae aeine?aeiee?a (A.I.Eoeueyiiaa
e niaao., 1991; A.E.E?aniiiieueneee e niaao., 1992; A.I.Aoeiaiei,
I.A.Eiaea/ei, 1993; A.ss.Aieioa e niaao., 1993; A.?.Aeaoeaae/ ?
ni?aaao., 1997) iia?aeiieythoue i?i ca?eueoaiiy /anoioe oneeaaeiaiue
aaa?oiino? oa iieia?a, a oiio /ene? iaaeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino?, o ae?iie,
ui caciaee aieeao ?aae?aoe?eiiai oaeoi?o.
Oae ca aeaieie A.Aa?yooa?, I.Aiaeeueiai?(1991) a oeeo ?aeiiao o
ii??aiyii? c aeiaaa??eiei ia??iaeii, /anoioa ia?aae/anieo iieia?a
ca?eueoeeany o 1,5-3 ?ace. A.A.Oaiueei e niaao.(1997) iia?aeiieythoue
i?i ca?eueoaiiy a 5 ?ac?a /enea aaa?oiinoae, ui oneeaaeieeeny caa?icith
ia?a?eaaiiy. Ae.E.Eaeoaean(1997) a?aei?oea, ui /anoioa caa?ice
ia?a?eaaiiy aaa?oiino? o ianoaaeaieo ae?iie neeaaeaea 41,2. N.Y.Ni?ieeia
e niaao.(1997) iia?aeiieythoue i?i ca?eueoaiiy /anoioe caa?ice
ia?a?eaaiiy aaa?oiino? a 4 ?ace. A.?.Aeaoeaae/ ? ni?aaao.(1997)
a?aei?oeee ca?eueoaiiy /anoioe oaeeo oneeaaeiaiue aaa?oiino?, ye i?ci?
aanoice, caa?ica ia?a?eaaiiy, ia?aae/ani? iieiae a 2-3 ?ace.
Iaeiae eiiieaeniiai aiae?co aea/aiiy aieeao ?iei?ii?iaaieo
?aae?iioee?ae?a ia aeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino? ie, ca aeaieie e?oa?aoo?e,
i?aeoe/ii ia a?aei?oeee. *a?ac, ia?aaaaeii, noaoenoe/iee oa?aeoa?
iia?aeiieaiue, o?aaiaioa?i?noue aeine?aeaeaiue, aeei?enoaiiy iaoiaee/ii
ia oi?o?eiaaieo aeaieo iaaee/ii? noaoenoeee, iaaeinoaoi?noue aeai?ie,
caeeoathoueny a?aee?eoeie ieoaiiy aieeao iaeeo aeic ?aae?aoe?? ia
ia?aa?a aaa?oiino? oa iieia?a, caoenoo i?aai?cio aaa?oii? a?ae ae??
?iei?ii?iaaieo ?aae?iioee?ae?a (?I).
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeena?oaoe?eia
?iaioa ? o?aaiaioii oaie “?ic?iaea caoiae?a ii iaiaaeaiith ae??
?aae?iioee?aeiiai caa?oaeiaiiy iaoa?? ? ieiaea”, aea?ae. ?a?no?aoe?eiee
? 0194U0255393, oeo? 2.186-4.93 Aea?aeaaiiai eii?oaoo c iaoee oa oaoi?ee
Oe?a?ie, ui aeeiioaaeany a Iaoe?iiaeueiiio iaaee/iiio oi?aa?neoao?.
Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy: Cieaeaiiy /anoioe iaaeiiooaaiiy o aaa?oieo a?oie
?aae?aoe?eiiai ?eceeo oeyoii canoinoaaiiy i?aia?aoo aeey aeaaaeaiiy
?iei?ii?iaaieo ?I “ea?atheica” a eiiieaeni?e oa?ai?? iaaeiiooaaiiy
aaa?oiino?.
Iniiai? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy:
1.Ia iniia? ee?i?/ii? oa?aeoa?enoeee ianoaaeaieo a?oi aeyaeoe
iniaeeaino? ia?aa?ao aaa?oiino?, iieia?a oa noaio iiaiia?iaeaeaieo o
aaa?oieo, ui aeeaooue o iino?aaeaeaeeo ?aeiiao ? iathoue iaeiie/aiiy ?I.
2.Aea/eoe iniaeeaino? ai?iiiaeueii? aaeaioaoe?? aaa?oii? a oiiaao ae??
ia i?aai?ci ?aae?aoe?eiiai oaeoi?o a caeaaeiino? a?ae ieoiii? aeoeaiino?
?iei?ii?iaaieo ?I a aeeiai?oe? aaa?oiino?.
3.Ioe?ieoe noai i?ioean?a ia?aeeniiai ieeneaiiy e?i?ae?a (IIE) a
aeeiai?oe? aaa?oiino? oa a caeaaeiino? a?ae aeice iaeiie/aiiy ?I.
4.Aea/eoe oeueo?acaoeia? iniaeeaino? ae?aaiinoeee caa?ice ia?a?eaaiiy
aaa?oiino? oa noaio oaoi-ieaoeaioa?iiai eiiieaeno o aaa?oieo i?ae
aieeaii ?aae?aoe?eiiai oaeoi?o.
5.?ic?iaeoe iaoiae eiiieaenii? ae?aaiinoeee aeiee?i?/ieo oi?i
iaaeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino?.
6.?ic?iaeoe oa aea/eoe aoaeoeai?noue oaeineiiaeaiiai eiiieaena
e?eoaaeueii-i?io?eaeoe/ieo caoiae?a c canoinoaaiiyi ea?atheice i?e
oa?ai?? iaaeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino? o ae?iie a?oie ?aae?aoe?eiiai ?eceeo.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a: Aia?oa, ia iniia? aea/aiiy
ai?iiiaeueieo iieaciee?a, aeoeaiino? i?ioean?a IIE, oeueo?acaoeiaeo
e?eoa???a caa?ice ia?a?eaaiiy aaa?oiino? oa noaio oaoi-ieaoeaioa?iiai
eiiieaena aeiaaaeaia ?ieue ?aae?aoe?eiiai oaeoi?a a iaoiaaiac?
iaaeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino?. Aecia/aia caeaaei?noue i?ae ??aiai iaeiie/aiiy
?iei?ii?iaaieo ?I a i?aai?ci? aaa?oii? oa ii?ooaiiyi ai?iiiaeueiiai
aiiainoaco ? aeoeaiino? i?ioean?a IIE.
Aia?oa cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiae eiiieaenii? ae?aaiinoeee aeiee?i?/ieo oi?i
iaaeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino? oa ?ic?iaeai? ae?aaiinoe/i? oaaeeoe? aaeueii?
ioe?iee nooiaiy ?? i?iyao.
Aia?oa cai?iiiiiaaia oa canoiniaaia ea?atheica a eiiieaeni?e oa?ai??
iaaeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino? o ae?iie, ui iathoue iaeiie/aiiy ?iei?ii?iaaieo
?I. Iieacaii ii?iae?coth/ee aieea cai?iiiiiaaii? oa?ai?? ia ia?aa?a
aaa?oiino?, iieia?a oa noai iiaiia?iaeaeaieo.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a a iaa?oiooaaii? aieeao
?iei?ii?iaaieo ?I ia iaoiaaiac iaaeiiooaaiiy ia iniia? ?aae?iiao?e/iiai,
ai?iiiaeueiiai, a?io?i?/iiai oa oeueo?acaoeiaiai aeine?aeaeaiiy.
O ai?iaaaeaeaii? eiiieaeniiai iaoiaea ae?aaiinoeee aeiee?i?/ieo oi?i
caa?ice ia?a?eaaiiy aaa?oiino?, ui aeiiiiiaa? a/anii ?ici?ciaoe
iaoieia?th, ?icii/aoe e?eoaaiiy oa i?iaiaeeoe eiio?ieue eiai
aoaeoeaiino?.
O canoinoaaii? ea?atheice a eiiieaeni?e oa?ai?? iaaeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino?
o ae?iie, ye? caciaee ?aae?aoe?eiiai aieeao aiane?aeie aaa??? ia *AAN.
?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy ai?iaaaeaeai? a i?aeoeeo ?iaioe ae?ii/i?
eiinoeueoaoe?? oa noaoe?iia?o NIN* ?6 i.Neaaooe/, i?nueeiai iieiaiaiai
aoaeeieo i.*a?i?aiaa, ee?i?/iiai iieiaiaiai aoaeeieo ?3 i.Ee?aa oa
a?aeae?eaiiy iaoieia?? aaa?oieo i?nueei? ee?i?/ii? e?ea?i? ?1 i.Ee?aa.
Ai?iaaaeaeaia ?aoe?iiae?caoi?nueea i?iiiceoe?y ?9/97 a?ae 22.07.97?.
“Eiiieaenia ae?aaiinoeea aeiee?i?/ieo oi?i iaaeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino?”.
Oai?aoe/i? iieiaeaiiy oa i?aeoe/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? aeeth/ai? a oeeee
eaeoe?e eaoaae?e aeooa?noaa oa a?iaeieia?? ?3 IIO.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Aaoi?ii iniaenoi aecia/aia iaoa oa iniiai?
caaea/? ?iaioe, io?eiai? an? ?acoeueoaoe ee?i?/ieo niinoa?aaeaiue,
eaai?aoi?ieo oa ?ino?oiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue. Naiino?eii
nenoaiaoecoaaa oa ocaaaeueiea io?eiai? ?acoeueoaoe, i?ia?a ?o aiae?c oa
noaoenoe/io ia?iaeo c aeei?enoaiiyi IAII. Noi?nii c iaoeiaei ea??aieeii
noi?ioeueiaai? iniiai? aeniiaee oa i?aeoe/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe??.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe
ii?eethaeiaii ia ??? oe?a?inuee?e eiioa?aioe?? c iaaee/ii? aioai?ee
(Ee?a, 1992), V IIE aeiao?aeiee?a oa i?aei?e?ioe?a “Iaoea e
i?iecaiaenoai – cae?aaiio?aiaieth” (Ee?a, 1993), i/i IIE
“?aaeeaoeeiiii-yeieiae/aneea e iaaeeoeeineea aniaeou iineaaenoaee aaa?ee
ia *a?iiaueueneie AYN” (Ee?a, 1993), IIE aeooa??a-a?iaeieia?a Oe?a?ie
“Ooieoe?iiaeuei? iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy a aeooa?noa? oa a?iaeieia??”
(Aeiiaoeuee, 1994), ?? i/i neiiic?oi? “I?iaeaiu eeeie/aneie aaiaoeee e
i?aiaoaeueiie aeeaaiinoeee” (Oa?e?a, 1994), eiioa?aioe?? iieiaeeo a/aieo
“Aeooaeuei? ieoaiiy aeooa?noaa oa a?iaeieia??” (A?iieoey, 1995), O
c’?cae? aeooa??a-a?iaeieia?a Oe?a?ie (Iaeana, 1996), ieaioi? anioe?aoe??
aeooa??a-a?iaeieia?a Oe?a?ie “Iaaeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino?” (*a?i?aoe?,
1997).
Ioae?eaoe??. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiiy iioae?eiaaii 10 iaoeiaeo
i?aoeue, ?c eio?eo 2 noaoo? a i?ia?aeieo oaoiaeo aeo?iaeao oa 1 noaooy a
ca??ieeo iaoeiaeo i?aoeue, ui ?aeiiaiaeiaai? AAE Oe?a?ie.
No?oeoo?a oa ianya aeena?oaoe??. ?iaioa aeeeaaeaia ia 148 noi??ieao
iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo. Neeaaea?oueny c? anooio, iaeyaeo e?oa?aoo?e, iieno
iaoiae?a oa iaoiaeee aeine?aeaeaiiy, 6 ?icae?e?a aeanieo aeine?aeaeaiue,
aiae?co oa ocaaaeueiaiiy ?acoeueoao?a, aeniiae?a oa i?aeoe/ieo
?aeiiaiaeaoe?e. ?ethno?iaaia 6 iaethieaie oa 29 oaaeeoeyie. Nienie
e?oa?aoo?e aeeth/a? 298 aeaea?ae, ?c yeeo 218 oe?a?ii- oa
?in?enueeiiiaieo ? 80 ?iicaiieo.
INIIAIEE CI?NO ?IAIOE
Ia’?eo oa iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaie eiiieaenii ianoaaeaii 136
aaa?oieo ae?iie. ?c ieo 96 iaoeaiie i.Neaaooe/a a?oie ?eceeo ii
iaaeiiooaaiith aaa?oiino?, 50 ?c yeeo io?eioaaee cai?iiiiiaaio iaie
oa?ai?th, a 46 aaa?oieo o?aaeeoe?eio oa?ai?th iaaeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino?.
Eiio?ieueio a?oio neeaee 40 aaa?oieo ?c caaaeueii? iiioeyoe??, ui
i?iaeeaathoue ia oiiaii “/eno?e” oa?eoi???.
Ii??aiyeueiee aiae?c ianoaaeaieo a?oi iieacaa, ui ca a?eii,
iaino?oaeueiith oa aaia?aoeaiith ooieoe??th, a?iaeieia?/iei,
aeooa?nueeei aiaiiacii, i?aa?aa?aea?iei oiiii i?ae ieie iaia?
aeinoia??ieo ?ica?aeiinoae, ui ?iaeoue ?o ii??aiyiiy iieaciaei. Aea
aiae?c ia?aa?ao aaa?oiino? oa iieia?a na?ae/eoue, ui o ae?iie, ye?
i?iaeeaathoue ia caa?oaeiaieo oa?eoi??yo cia/ii a?eueoa oneeaaeiaiue,
aaaeo/a i?noea na?aae yeeo caeia? caa?ica ia?a?eaaiiy aaa?oiino?
(58,69%) oa ia?aae/ani? iieiae (13,04%).
?c 96 ianoaaeaieo aaa?oieo: 26 (27,1%) aoee ni?a?ia?oieeaie *AAN oa
i?iaeiaaeoaaee i?aoethaaoe a ?aii? oa?i?ie aaa?oiino?, 20 (20,8%) –
e?ea?aeaoi?e iane?aee?a aaa??? ia *AAN, 24 (25%) aoee aaaeoeiaaieie ?c
ciie aei?noeiai ?aae?aoe?eiiai eiio?ieth, 17 (17,7%) ae?iie ?c n?iae,
aea /ieia?ee aoee e?ea?aeaoi?aie iane?aee?a aaa???. ?aooa ia iaee
a?aeiioaiiy aei /i?iiaeeuenueeeo iiae?e. Aea o an?o a?aei?/aii ??ai?
iaeiie/aiiy ?I, ye? ia?aaeuoaaee “oiiia?” cia/aiiy iaaeieeoiueiai
na?aaeiaeua
Ca ?acoeueoaoaie ?aae?iiao?e/iiai aeine?aeaeaiiy, ui i?iaiaeeeiny i?yiei
aei??thaaiiyi ??aiy ai?noo ?aae?iaeoeaieo ?a/iaei a i?aai?ci? oeyoii
?a?no?aoe?? i?iieeath/iai aei?ii?iaiiy ca aeiiiiiaith e?/eeueieea
?iei?ii?iaaieo /anoie “Quick Body Monitor–1A”(Aaeeeia?eoai?y),
anoaiiaeaii, ui an? aaa?oi? a?oie ?eceeo ii iaaeiiooaaiith aaa?oiino?,
ye? i?iaeeaaee ia ?aae?aoe?eii iino?aaeaeaeeo oa?eoi??yo iaee ??ai?
iaeiie/aiiy ?iei?ii?iaaieo ?I ii Cs134,137 – a?ae 6,53 aei 173,28 Ae/ea.
?c 50 aaa?oieo, ui io?eioaaee cai?iiiiiaaio oa?ai?th 16 iaee iaeiie/aiiy
?I Cs a?ae 6 aei 49 Ae/ea, 26 – a?ae 50 aei 99 Ae/ea oa 8 – a?ae 100 aei
173 Ae/ea.
Eiioeaio?aoe?th a ne?iaaooe? e?ia? aaa?oieo i?iaanoa?iio, ieaoeaioa?iiai
eaeoiaaio oa ano?aae?ieo aecia/aee ?aae?i?ioiieia?/iei iaoiaeii ca
aeiiiiiaith oano-iaai??a a?ei?onueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa (i. I?inuee).
??aaiue ano??ieo a ne?iaaooe? e?ia? aecia/aee ?aae?i?ioiieia?/iei
iaoiaeii ca aeiiiiiaith noaiaea?oiiai oano-iaai?o “Amersham” (NOA).
Ai?iiiaeueia eieueiioeeoieia?y i?iaiaeeeany ca ?ooeiiith iaoiaeeeith
(A.ss.Aieioa e niaao., 1986; A.TH.Ua?aaeia, 1997).
Aeey aea/aiiy aeoeaiino? IIE aecia/aeany eiioeaio?aoe?y a ne?iaaooe?
e?ia? i?iaeoeo?a na?aaeiuei? oa e?ioeaai? eaiie – ae??iiaeo eiithaao
(AeE) oa iaeiiiaiai ae?aeueaeaa?aeo (IAe), ye iaea?eueo iieaciaeo aeey
noai?aiiy oyae i?i oa?aeoa? onueiai i?ioeano (I.A.Eieaniaa e niaao.,
1984). AeE aecia/aee niaeo?ioioiiao?e/iei iaoiaeii E.Ae.Noaeueiay
(1977). IAe ca iaoiaeeeith E.Ae.Noaeueiie, O.A.Aa?eoaeee (1977) ca
aeiiiiiaith o?iaa?a?oo?iai? eeneioe.
Oeueo?acaoeiaa aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeiny c aeei?enoaiiyi i?eeaae?a
“Aloka” SSD-630 oa “Siemens” SL-1. I?e neaioaaii? aecia/aeany iayai?noue
ia no?ioe? iaoee ae?eyiie a?ia?oiiona o?ueio nooiai?a ae?aaeaiino?,
oiaueia ia?aaeiuei? no?iee iaoee a iaeano? ieaeiueiai iaoeiaiai
naaiaioa, i?iaeiaaei?e oa ia?aaeiuei-caaei?e ?ici??e ii?iaeieie iaoee,
ae?aiao? aioo??oiueiai a?/ea oeeee iaoee. I?iaiaeeeany ieaoeaioa?ia
oeueo?aniiia?ao?y. Ae?aaiinooaaiiy neiae?iia cao?eiee
aioo??oiueioo?iaiiai ?icaeoeo ieiaea (CAO?I) i?iaiaeeeiny oeyoii
aei??thaaiiy a?ia???oaeueiiai ae?aiao?a, aeiaaeeie noaaia oa ioe?iee
iieaciee?a ca ia?oeaioeeueiei iaoiaeii (A.I.Naaaeueaaa e niaao., 1991).
Oe? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeeny a aeeiai?oe? aaa?oiino? a ? oa ??
o?eiano?ao. Oeueo?acaoeiaa ieaoeaioia?ao?y oa oaoiiao??y aeey
ae?aaiinooaaiiy neiae?iia CAO?I – a ?? oa ??? o?eiano?ao aaa?oiino?.
Ia iniia? ?acoeueoao?a eieueiioeeoieia??, IIE oa oeueo?acaoeiaiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy iaie cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiae eiiieaenii? ae?aaiinoeee
aeiee?i?/ieo oi?i iaaeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino?. Eiaeai /eiiee eiiieaeno
a?aaeo?oueny ii nooiaith ae?aaeaiino? iieaciee?a oa aianaiee aei
caaaeueii? oaaeeoe? aaeueii? ioe?iee ?acoeueoao?a. Io?eiaaoe
?acoeueoaoe, e?ea? ioe?ith? ?o cia/aiiy a aaeao ca iaoith oaaeeoeath oa
i?aenoiiao? ?o caaaeueio aaeueio ioe?ieo, ca yeith ?iaeoueny aeniiaie
i?i nooi?iue oyaeeino? aeiee?i?/ii? oi?ie CIA. Iieacaia aoaeoeai?noue
eiai canoinoaaiiy.
Aacoth/enue ia aeaieo ii??aiyeueiiai aiae?co ia?aa?ao aaa?oiino? oa
iieia?a, a oaeiae ?acoeueoaoao eaai?aoi?ieo oa ?ino?oiaioaeueieo
iaoiae?a ie a?aei?oeee, ui o aaa?oieo, ye? iathoue iaeiie/aiiy
?iei?ii?iaaieo ?I oi?iothoueny iaai? iaoiaaiaoe/i? eaiee iaaeiiooaaiiy,
ui ?aae?co?oueny caa?icith ia?a?eaaiiy aaa?oiino? oa ia?aae/anieie
iieiaaie. Aeoiaey/e c oeueiai, canoinoaaiiy i?aia?aoo aeey aeaaaeaiiy ?I
? /anoeith iaoiaaiaoe/ii? oa?ai?? iaaeiiooaaiiy o aaa?oieo, ui iathoue
iaeiie/aiiy ?iei?ii?iaaieo ?I.
Ea?atheica – iaaee/iee i?aia?ao ia iniia? i?e?iaeiueiai i?iaeoeoo ?c
?ineeiii? ne?iaeie. Ca o?i?/iith no?oeoo?ith oea iao???aa n?eue
ea?aieneiao?eoeaetheice. I?aia?ao oni?oii i?ieoia ee?i?/io ai?iaaoe?th
oa ?aeiiaiaeiaaiee Oa?iaeieia?/iei eii?oaoii IIC Oe?a?ie aeey oe?ieiai
aeei?enoaiiy a yeino? caniao aeey aeaaaeaiiy ?I (i?ioieie ?1 a?ae
28.01.1993?.).
Eo?n i?eeiio i?aia?aoo – 30 aei?a, iaeei ?ac ia aeiao, ?aciaa (oaeiae ?
aeiaiaa) aeica neeaaea? 3 a?aie. Ia?aae i?eeiiii iaeio noieiao eiaeeo
ii?ioeo ea?atheice (i?eaeecii 3 a?aie), ne?ae ?ic/eieoe a i?a-neeyiee
eei’y/aii? aiaee e?iiaoii? oaiia?aoo?e, aeaoe ianoiyoeny 15-20 oaeeei,
uia io?eiaeany iaeii??aeia aaeaiiae?aia ??aeeia. Aeieoe ca 30 oaeeei aei
aoaeue-yeiai i?eeiio ?ae?, aaaeaii a iaeei ? oie aea /an aeiae.
Ea?atheica ia ia? i?ioeiieacaiue aei i?ecia/aiiy oa iia?/ieo aoaeo?a, ui
?iaeoue ?? i?eaeaoiith aei canoinoaaiiy o an?o aaa?oieo.
Eiio?ieue aoaeoeaiino? i?eeiio i?aia?aoo i?iaiaeeany ?aae?iiao?e/iei
iaoiaeii. Eiio?ieue aoaeoeaiino? canoinoaaiiy ea?atheice a eiiieaeni?e
oa?ai?? iaaeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino? ie i?iaiaeeee oeyoii aecia/aiiy noaio
i?ioean?a IIE, ai?iiiaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue, oeueo?acaoeiaeo
oa?aeoa?enoee oaoi-ieaoeaioa?iiai eiiieaena oa aiae?co ia?aa?ao
aaa?oiino? oa iieia?a o ae?iie, ui iaee iaeiie/aiiy ?I oa io?eioaaee
o?aaeeoe?eio ? cai?iiiiiaaio iaie oa?ai?th iaaeiiooaaiiy.
A?oioaaiiy, aiae?c oa noaoenoe/ia ia?iaea io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a
i?iaiaeeeanue ca?aeii c ?aeiiaiaeaoe?yie A.O.Eae?ia (1990). Aeey
aecia/aiiy aeinoia??iino? ?ica?aeiinoae aaniethoieo aaee/ei
aeei?enoiaoaaee e?eoa??e Nouethaeaioa-O?oa?a, a aeey a?aeiinieo aaee/ei
– iaoiae eooiaiai ia?aoai?aiiy O?oa?a.
?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue ? ?o iaaiai?aiiy. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie
ai?iiiaeueiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy anoaiiaeaii, ui o ae?iie iniiaii? a?oie a
? o?eiano?? ia? i?noea cia/iee a?aenioie aiaeie?eiieo a?aeoeeaiue –
86,95%, ui i?iyaey?oueny i?iaanoa?iiiaith iaaeinoaoi?noth o 25 (54,35%)
aaa?oieo, cieaeaiith ano?iaaiiith aeoeai?noth o 9 (19,57%), oa
i?aeaeuaiith ano?iaaiiith aeoeai?noth o 5 (10,87%), ui aecia/aii
eieueiioeeoieia?/ii. Eiioeaio?aoe?y a ne?iaaooe? e?ia? iaio o?aeoe?e
ano?iaaiieo ai?iii?a (an?aae?ieo oa ano??ieo) o aaa?oieo iniiaii? a?oie
ia? oaiaeaioe?th aei cieaeaiiy. A?aei?/a?oueny ciaioaiiy eiioeaio?aoe??
i?iaanoa?iio aei 43,722,94 iiieue/e, o ii??aiyii? c eiio?ieai –
52,963,57 (?0,05). Ai?no a ne?iaaooe? e?ia? ieaoeaioa?iiai eaeoiaaia a ?
o?eiano?? aaa?oiino? cia/ii aeuee, i?ae o eiio?ie?, a?aeiia?aeii
0,980,09 oa 0,440,05 ia/e (?0,001).
A ?? o?eiano?? aaa?oiino? o ae?iie iniiaii? a?oie iaoieia?/i? oeeoioeie
iace?a iaee i?noea o 41 (89,13%) aaa?oieo. ??cieeany no?oeoo?a
ai?iiiaeueieo ii?ooaiue: c?inea /anoioa i?iaanoa?iiiai? iaaeinoaoiino?,
yea iaea i?noea o 27 (58,7%) aaa?oieo. Ci?ieeeny ni?aa?aeiioaiiy
ano?iaaiii? aeoeaiino?. Oae, aeiaaeee i?aeaeuaii? ano?iaaiii? aeoeaiino?
iaee i?noea a 2 ?ace /ano?oa (23,91%), i?ae a ? o?eiano?? (?0,05).
Ciaioeeany e?euee?noue iace?a cieaeaii? ano?iaaiii? aeoeaiino?
(2,17%). Ii?iaeueiee ai?iiiaeueiee oei iacea aoa o 2 (4,35%). A?aeiinii
eiioeaio?aoe?? oaoi – ieaoeaioa?ieo ai?iii?a – aeinoia??ia (?0,05)
ca?eueoaiiy ai?noo ano?aae?ieo aei 45,562,58 iiieue/e o ii??aiyii? c
eiio?ieai (37,822,22), a oaeiae a?eueoa (?0,02) ia?inoaiiy ano??ieo –
a?aeiia?aeii 49,453,88 oa 38,932,1 iiieue/e. Eiioeaio?aoe?y i?iaanoa?iio
ia? a?eueo ae?aaeaio, i?ae a ? o?eiano?? oaiaeaioe?th aei ciaioaiiy
(?0,001), oa noaiiaeoue 95,74,6 iiieue/e, a eiio?ie? – 124,145,44
iiieue/e. ??aaiue ieaoeaioa?iiai eaeoiaaia a iaio a?oiao a ?? o?eiano??
nooo?ai ia a?ae??ciy?oueny – 3,760,3 oa 3,970,32 ia/e, a?aeiia?aeii
(?>0,05).
I/aaeaeii, ui io?eiai? iaie ?acoeueoaoe ai?iiiaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue o
aaa?oieo, ui iathoue iaeiie/aiiy ?iei?ii?iaaieo ?I, na?ae/aoue i?i
iai?oaeaiiy ai?iiiaeueii? eaiee aaeaioaoe?eii-eiiiainaoi?ieo
aca?iia?aeiinei, ui iiaea i?ecaanoe aei iaaeiiooaaiiy aaa?oiino?.
A?aeiinii i?ioean?a IIE anoaiiaeaii, ui a ? o?eiano?? o aaa?oieo
iniiaii? a?oie a?aei?/a?oueny ?o aeoeaaoe?y c? cia/iith ia?aaaaith
ai?noo a ne?iaaooe? e?ia? AeE – 15,78±0,51ieiieue/e, ii??aiyii c
eiio?ieueiith a?oiith 13,98±0,27ieiieue/e, (?0,002). A?aeiinii IAe,
oaeiae ? oaiaeaioe?y aei ca?eueoaiiy o aaa?oieo iniiaii? a?oie
(11,11±0,74ieiieue/e, i?e 10,15±0,24ieiieue/e a eiio?ie?, aea
?ica?aei?noue ia aeinoia??ia. A ?? o?eiano?? aaa?oiino? a iniiai?e a?oi?
aeinoia??ii aeua eiioeaio?aoe?y AeE (18,89±0,27ieiieue/e) oa IAe
(14,07±1,11ieiieue/e) o ii??aiyii? c eiio?ieai (15,34±0,43ieiieue/e,
?0,05 oa 11,99±0,43ieiieue/e, ?0,05).
O aaa?oieo, ui ciaoiaeyoueny a oiiaao ae?? iaeeo aeic ?aae?aoe??
niinoa??aa?oueny a?eueo cia/iee i?e??no eiioeaio?aoe?? AeE (ia 3,11
iiieue/e) oa IAe (ia 2,96 iiieue/e) a aeeiai?oe? aaa?oiino?, ii??aiyii
c eiio?ieai – 1,36 oa 1,84 iiieue/e, a?aeiia?aeii. Oaeiae a?aei?/aii, ui
aeoeai?noue i?ioean?a IIE o aaa?oieo ae?iie c iaeiie/aiiyi
?iei?ii?iaaieo ?I aeinoia??ii ca?eueoo?oueny i?e i?aeaeuaii? ieoiii?
aeoeaiino? inoaii?o.
I?e aiae?c? oeueo?acaoeiaeo iciae caa?ice ia?a?eaaiiy aaa?oiino? a ?
o?eiano?? o aaa?oieo iniiaii? a?oie /ano?oa a?aei?/a?oueny a?ia?oiion
i?iiao??y ? nooiaiy – 21,05%, a eiio?ie? – 5,71%, (?
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