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М.В.Шарлемань та його внесок в розвиток біології в Україні: Автореф. дис… канд. іст. наук / О.М. Хохлова, НАН України. Центр дослідж. наук.-техн. по

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IAOe?IIAEUeIA AEAAeAI?ss IAOE OE?A?IE

OeAIO? AeINE?AeAEAIUe IAOEIAI-OAOI?*IIAI IIOAIOe?AEO

OA ?NOI??? IAOEE ?iai? A.I.AeIA?IAA

OAeE 930: 57 (091)

OIOEIAA Ieaia Ieeiea?aia

I.A.OA?EAIAIUe OA EIAI AIANIE O

?ICAEOIE A?IEIA?? A OE?A?I?

07.00.07 – ?noi??y iaoee

AAOI?AOA?AO

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa ?noi?e/ieo iaoe

Ee?a – 1998

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien

?iaioo aeeiiaii o a?aeae?e? ?noi??? iaoee Oeaio?o aeine?aeaeaiue
iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai iioaioe?aeo oa ?noi??? iaoee IAI Oe?a?ie.

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee:eaiaeeaeao a?ieia?/ieo iaoe, i?ia?aeiee iaoeiaee
ni?a?ia?oiee a?aeae?eo ?noi??? iaoee Oeaio?o aeine?aeaeaiue
iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai iioaioe?aeo oa ?noi??? iaoee IAI Oe?a?ie

?OAeA Na?oeaia Iao??aia

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:aeieoi? o?einionueeeo iaoe, i?ioani?, caa?aeoaa/
a?aeae?eo iaoiaeieia?? ? nioe?ieia?? iaoee Oeaio?o aeine?aeaeaiue
iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai iioaioe?aeo oa ?noi??? iaoee IAI Oe?a?ie

IIII???IEI Aaeaioei ?aaiiae/

aeieoi? ?noi?e/ieo iaoe, caa?aeoaa/

AeAIEEAIEI A?eoi? Ieoaeeiae/

I?ia?aeia i?aai?caoe?y: ?inoeooo ciieia?? ?i. ?.?.Oiaeueaaocaia
IAI Oe?a?ie

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 29 a?oaeiy 1998 ?. i 10 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae.26.18.901 a Oeaio??
iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai iioaioe?aeo oa ?noi??? iaoee ?iai? A.I.Aeia?iaa IAI
Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 252032 Ee?a, aoeueaa? Oaa/aiea, 60.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? OeAeI?I IAI Oe?a?ie.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee 27 eenoiiaaea 1998 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee

eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe E.N.Eiaaiiaa

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

No?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe?? iaoiiaeaia iaoith oa caaaeaiiyie aeine?aeaeaiiy.
Aiia neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, /ioe?ueio ?icae?e?a ? aeniiae?a, nieneo
aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae oa e?oa?aoo?e (150 iaca), aeeeaaeaieo ia 175
noi??ieao iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo.

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeine?aeaeaiiy. A oeae ne?ooiee /an noaiiaeaiiy
iieiaei? oe?a?inueei? aea?aeaae, a ia??iae caiaiaaeo aeiiii?ee oa
cieaeaiiy ??aiy eoeueoo?e cia/ii? aeooaeueiino? iaaoaathoue i?iaeaie
?icaeoeo ?? iaoee. A oeueiio aniaeo? iaiiaeeeai caeeoeoe iica oaaaith
?noi??th a?o/eciyii? iaoeiai? aeoiee. I?ioyaii aeiaaeo aeanyoe??/
inoaiiueiai noie?ooy ieoaiiyi ?noi??? iaoee, oei a?eueoa ?noi???
oe?a?inueei? iaoee, ye? iathoue ? nooi iaoeiaee, ? aeeaiei nioe?aeueiee
oa?aeoa?, ia iaaeaaaeiny iaeaaeii? oaaae. A iii?ae oeei, no/ania
oe?a?inueea iaoea, ina?oa, eoeueoo?a iio?aaothoue oaeeo a?aeiiinoae. Aei
oiai ae, aeine?aeaeaiiy ?noi??? a?o/eciyii? iaoee – ieoaiiy
iaoe?iiaeueii? a?aeiino?, naiiona?aeiieaiiy naiai i?noey a na?oia?e
eoeueoo?? oa iaooe?.

A?aeoai?aiiy ia’?eoeaii? ?noi??? aoaeue-yei? iaoee aac aiae?co iaoeiai?
niaaeueie aeaeaoieo a/aieo – ni?aaa iacae?eniaiia. Ne?ae iaeaaeiei /eiii
iieacoaaoe ?oi?e iaoeiaee aei?iaie, aianie aei aeooiaii? nea?aieoe? oa
eoeueoo?e ia?iaeo. Iaoeia? iiooee a aeai?e aaeoc? iiaa?oathoue
a?o/eciyi?e iaooe? ?iaia a/aieo, iaaoiiia, aeine?aeieoeueea i?aoey yeeo,
i?aaiaiiy aei i?ciaiiy iaaeieeoiueiai na?oo ni?e/eieee ?? aeaniee
iiaiii?aaiee ?icaeoie. ?acii ?c oeei iiaa?iaiiyi a?ae?iaeaeo?oueny
?noi?e/ia i?aaaea i?i aeoiee oe?a?inueei? iaoee. Aeioe?euei?noue
iiae?aieo aeine?aeaeaiue aei?aaaeiao?oueny ? oei, ui aiie ni?eythoue
i?aeiyooth ia iaeaaeiee ??aaiue noaoono oe?a?inueei? iaoeiai? aeoiee.

Noaiiaeaiiy oa ?icaeoie a?ieia?? a Oe?a?i? – iaeia c iaeoe?eaa?oeo oa
iaeia?aeiieo noi??iie oe?a?inueei? ?noi??ia?ao??. *eiaei iiaeo
a?aee?eoo?a i?eaiooaaea aiia nai?i i?eoeeueieeai. Oaeei ciiao a?aee?eoei
?iaiai c’yaeeanue iinoaoue a?o/eciyiiai iaoeiaoey Ieeiee Aaneeueiae/a
Oa?eaiaiy (1887 – 1970). Eiai ?i’y a ?noi??? oe?a?inueei? a?ieia??
o?eaaeee /an caeeoaeinue caiia/oaaiei, caaooei ?, ia i?aaaeeeee aeaeue,
iaa?aeiiei aeey aaaaoueio no/anieo iieie?iue. Aeieoi? a?ieia?/ieo iaoe,
i?ioani? i?eeeaaeii? ciieia??, a?i oae aaaaoi c?iaea aeey ?icaeoeo
a?o/eciyii? a?ieia?/ii? iaoee, ui caaoooy oea ia iiaea aooe
aei?aaaeaiei.

Neeaaeia iie?oe/ia ?noi??y Oe?a?ie ciaeoea a?aeia?aaeaiiy a aeie? oe???
ethaeeie. Aeiaaee /an a iao?e e?a?i? iaoea caciaaaea cia/iiai oeneo c
aieo aea?aeaae, a iaai?e i??? aoea iie?oeciaaiith. Iie?oeciaaia iaoea
caaaaaoi ao?a/a?, i?eioniai a?aeoiaey/e a?ae i?e?iaeiueiai ?icaeoeo
i?ioean?a i?ciaiiy. Iniaeeai i?ee?ei ? oie oaeo, ui a?ae cacia/aieo
i?ioean?a a?aeeo/athoueny i?e oeueiio aieiai? ae?eia? iniae – o/ai?.

Aaaaoi c oiai, ui ia? no/ania iaoea, aoaeoaaeiny ia i?aeaaeeiao
e?ii?oeeo, noie?iieo aeine?aeaeaiue a/aieo ieioeiai. Iaoeia? aeinyaiaiiy
I.A.Oa?eaiaiy aeaaii noaee iaaeaaiiyi iaoee, iaeiae aei oeueiai /ano ie
ua ia iaee ooiaeaiaioaeueiiai ocaaaeueiaiiy na?eiciiai oa aeinoaoiuei
iiaiiai aiae?co eiai iaoeiai-aeine?aeieoeueei? ae?yeueiino?. AEeoo?aee
oeyo I.A.Oa?eaiaiy, eiai oai?/?noue – yne?aaee i?eeeaae iiaii?
naiia?aeaeaiino? iaooe?. sse? iai?yiee ?iaioe ia iae?aeeny a o/aiei –
aeine?aeaeaiiy oaoie, e?a?ciaa/?, ?noi?e/i?, iaa?oue e?oa?aoo?i? iiooee
– aiie caaaeaee noinoaaeeny Oe?a?ie. Na?aae oe?a?inueeeo iaoeiaoe?a iaei
iiaeia ciaeoe oaeeo, ooi i?enayoea ae ona nai? aeeooy aea/aiith i?e?iaee
oa ?noi??? iaoi? A?o/ecie, oaeeo caeioaieo a Oe?a?io a/aieo.

Oey iinoaoue a ?noi??? oe?a?inueei? a?ieia?? i?noeoue a nia? aaee/aciee
aeooiaiee iioaioe?ae. Eiai aeina?ae, naia noaaeaiiy aei
iaoeiai-aeine?aeii? i?aoe? noaia o i?eaiae? i?e i?aeaioiaoe? oa
aeoiaaii? iieiaeeo iaoeiaoe?a.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy c aeaii? oaie i?eaianee /eiaei iiaeo a?aeiiinoae aei
noi??iie oe?a?inueei? a?ieia??; oe? a?aeiiino?, aacoiiaii, aoaeooue
oe?iiei aeiiiaiaiiyi aei oe?e?nii? ea?oeie oeyo?a noaiiaeaiiy
i?e?iaeii?ciaiiy a oe?a?inuee?e caie?, ui ?o ?c oaeith iaiieaaeea?noth
iaiaaathoueny anoaiiaeoe o/ai?-iaoeiciaaoe?.

Aeaia ?iaioa – oea iaeei yne?aaee aeieac iaii?ooii? ?noeie: oe?a?inueea
iaoea ia? eei ieoaoeny.

I?aaeiaoii aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy ? ?noi??y noaiiaeaiiy
a?o/eciyieo oaoi?noeee, nenoaiaoeee, ciiaaia?ao??, ?icaeoie
i?e?iaeiioi?iiieo ?aeae, oi?ioaaiiy e?a?ciaa/i? aeoiee a iao?e e?a?i?,
iaeiie/aiiy ciaiue i?i i?e?iaeo Ee?anueei? ?on?. Ia’?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy –
iinoaoue oe?a?inueeiai a?ieiaa I.A.Oa?eaiaiy, iaoeiaa niaaeueia a/aiiai
oa ?? cia/aiiy aeey ?icaeeo a?o/eciyii? a?ieia?/ii? iaoee.

O?iiieia?/i? ?aiee aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aiie aecia/athoueny ?ieaie aeeooy
a/aiiai, oiaoi ioiieththoue ia??iae c 1887 ii 1970 ?iee. ?acii ?c oeei,
aeaye? ?icae?ee aeena?oaoe?? i?noyoue ?ioi?iaoe?th i?i iiae??, ui iaee
i?noea aeaui ?ai?oa aai i?ci?oa cacia/aiiai ia??iaeo. Oae? aeai?
iiaeathoueny, iai?eeeaae, a ?noi?e/iiio ia?en? ?icaeoeo oaoi?noe/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue a Oe?a?i?, eiee iaiao?aeii aoei ni?anoaaeoe ?acoeueoaoe
aeine?aeaeaiue I.A.Oa?eaiaiy oa a/aieo ieioeiai.

Noai iaoeiai? ?ic?iaee i?iaeaie. Oie oaeo, ui o iiai?ii? ?iee ?i’y
I.A.Oa?eaiaiy aoei iaaiee /an caai?iiaiei ? ia iueiai ia aeicaieyeiny
iaa?oue iineeaoeny o iaoeia?e e?oa?aoo??, coiiaea, iaiaaia,
a?aenooi?noue ni?ia c?iaeoe ooiaeaiaioaeueia ocaaaeueiaiiy uiaei
oai?/ino? a/aiiai. ? oi/a ie?ai? noaoo?, iaienai? ia?aaaaeii i?ney
nia?o? a/aiiai oa i?enay/ai? eiai iai’yo?, c’yaeyeeny o i?an? oa aeayeeo
iaoeiaeo aeaeaiiyo, aiie ia a?aeiia?aeaee aeiiaai aeeaieiai
iiiia?ao?/iiai aeine?aeaeaiiy a i? ca ianyaii, a i? ca ci?noii. Oe?
?iaioe aeaoothoueny 1970-72 ??. Aeieo?eaa E. I.A.Oa?eaiaiue (iae?ieia)
// O?oaeu Ioaeaea Ae?aaia?onneie eeoa?aoo?u. – Eaieia?aae, 1971. – XXVI
– N. 374-378.; Iaoiiaaoe E. Iaiyoe o/aiiai // Eeoa?aoo?iay Oe?aeia.
– 1970. – ? 41.; ?aoaoiee A. Iaiyoe I.A.Oa?eaiaiy // Aanoiee ciieiaee.
– 1970. – ? 6. – N.87-89.; THuaiei I. Ioae?a oea?noai Oa?eaiaiy //
E?oa?aoo?ia Oe?a?ia. – 1971. – ? 57.; Iaco?iae/ A. ?icaeoie ciieia?? ia
Oe?a?i?. – Ee?a, 1972. – 230 n. Iaeaea on? aiie aoee iaienai? ia?aaaaeii
oeie ethaeueie, ooi iniaenoi aoa ciaeiiee ?c Oa?eaiaiai.

A na?aaeei? 80-o ?ie?a aeaeaiiy “?acaeoea aeieiaee ia Oe?aeia” aia?oa
i?ney aaeeei? ia?a?ae iiaea? aeaye? a?aeiiino? i?i aianie ?ia?o
I.A.Oa?eaiaiy aei aea/aiiy oaa?eiiiai na?oo oe?a?inueeeo caiaeue,
iniaeeaa oaaaa iaaea?oueny ?iaioai a/aiiai ciiaaia?ao?/ii? ni?yiiaaiino?
?acaeoea aeieiaee ia Oe?aeia: A 3 o. / E.: Iaoeiaa aeoiea, 1985. – O.
3. – 446 n..

O 1991 ?ioe? o ca??ieeo iaoeiaeo noaoae “?ai?aniaaia e?a?ciaanoai”
ae?oeo?oueny ?iaioa E.A.Oaa/aiei “Oa?eaiaiue Ieeiea Aaneeueiae/”. Aiia
i?noeea oe?ii?, aea, aacoiiaii, ia iiai? a?aeiiino? i?i aeeoo?aee oa
oai?/ee oeyo a/aiiai. Iaeiae ca?aaee ni?aaaaeeeaino? cacia/eii, ui oey
iaaaeeea, ia aea? noi??iee, noaooy noaea ia?oith ni?iaith aeae?eeoe c
aaeeei? eiai?oe a/aieo – aeine?aeiee?a i?e?iaee iaoi? aaouee?aueie OO
no. ?i’y oeueiai a/aiiai, oeth aaaaoia?aiio oai?/o iniaeno?noue, yea
aeiaaee /an caeeoaeany caaooith Oaa/aiei E. Oa?eaiaiue Ieeiea
Aaneeueiae/ // ?ai?aniaaia e?a?ciaanoai. – Ee?a, 1991. – N. 350-351..

1993 ?ieo ?.Ae.Eeni/aiei ioae?eo? iaaaeeeo noaooth o ca??oe? “?oeiienia
oa eieaeeiaa niaaeueia Oe?a?ie” – “Iaoa??aee a?o?ao I.A.Oa?eaiaiy”.
Nie?ath/enue ia a?o?ai? aeieoiaioe, aaoi? noaoo? iaiaaa?oueny
a?aeoai?eoe iniiai? a?oe aeeooy oa oai?/ino? I.A.Oa?eaiaiy, iath/e ia
iao? i?eaa?iooe oaaao aeine?aeiee?a aei nea?a?a oiiaeo ?, aacoiiaii, aei
naii? iinoao? a/aiiai Eeni/aiei ?. Iaoa??aee a?o?ao I.A.Oa?eaiaiy //
?oeiienia oa eieaeeiaa niaaeueia Oe?a?ie. – Ee?a, 1993. – Aei. ?. – N.
165-171..

A?aeiiee oa aaoi?eoaoiee aeine?aeiee i?e?iaeiioi?iiii? ni?aae ia Oe?a?i?
A.A.Ai?aeei iaiaeii?aciai caaaeoaaa o nai?o ?iaioao ?i’y I.A.Oa?eaiaiy o
eiioaeno? ?icaeoeo ?aeae ioi?iie i?e?iaee a iao?e e?a?i? Ai?aeei A.
Iiioey?iue aeia?aoi-aeaeeia?aoe/aneee neiaa?ue-ni?aai/iee aeayoaeae
caiiaaaeiiai aeaea e io?aiu i?e?iaeu Oe?aeiu, Oea?neie ?innee e NNN?
(1860-1960). // Na?ey: enoi?ey io?aiu i?e?iaeu – Eeaa, 1996. – Aui. 5. –
O. 2. – N. 194-200.. A o 1997 ?. A.A.Ai?aeei aeaeaa iaiioae?eiaaiee
oa??-?oeiien a/aiiai “I?e?iaea e ethaee Eeaaneie ?one”. Oeae oa??
ciieiaa-oao?aoey, ui c nooi a?ieia?/ieo iiceoe?e ?icaeyaea? anana?oiuei
a?aeii? iai’yoee eoeueoo?e neia’yinueeeo ia?iae?a “Neiai i?i ?ai??a
iio?ae” oa o?anee Ee?anueei? Nio??, ?ice?eaa? ?o cia/aiiy ye oe?iieo
aeaea?ae a?aeiiinoae i?i ethaeae oa i?e?iaeo iaoi? aea?aeaae ia??iaeo
O?-O?? noie?oue.

Aeaea?aeueia aaca aeena?oaoe??. Ia?aaaaeia /anoeia aeaea?ae, ui ?o aoei
aeei?enoaii i?ae /an aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy – oea aaee/aciee
ieano a?o?aieo iaoa??ae?a. A ?inoeooo? ?oeiien?a Iaoe?iiaeueii?
a?ae?ioaee Oe?a?ie caa??aa?oueny iniaenoee oiiae I.A.Oa?eaiaiy, yeee
ia?aoiao? 1231 iaeeieoeth ? ia? iiia? 49. Oaeiae o ?iaio? aoee
aeei?enoai? a?o?ai? iaoa??aee oiiaeo Oe?a?inueei? Aeaaeai?? Iaoe (Oiiae
O). Oe?ii? aeai? aoee io?eiai? aiane?aeie aeine?aeaeaiue oiiae?a OeAeAAI
Oe?a?ie, OeAeAAI Oe?a?ie, a?o?ao ?inoeoooo ciieia?? ?iai?
?.?.Oiaeueaaocaia IAI Oe?a?ie.

Ie??i aeuacacia/aieo, o aeena?oaoe?? aoei aaeeoi aeaye? iaoa??aee
ae?oeiaaii? iaoeiai?, iaoeiai-iiioey?ii? oa ioae?oeenoe/ii? e?oa?aoo?e.
*eiaei oe?eaaeo aeey aeena?oaoe?? aeaieo caa??aaeinue o ?iaioao naiiai
I.A.Oa?eaiaiy, i?ea?iaee oa a?aeaeoee yeeo ciaoiaeyoueny o IA Oe?a?ie,
a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo ciieia??. Aei oiai ae, aeena?oaioo aaeaeinue
?icooeaoe aeecueeeo ae?oc?a o/aiiai, ye? iiae?eeeeny nai?ie niiaaaeaie,
ui noaee oe?iieie aeiiiaiaiiyie aei nooe?eueiiai ii?o?aoo iniaenoino?
I.A.Oa?eaiaiy. Na?aae ieo aeiiueea niaaeei?ioey Oa?eaiaiy, Aaaci
Ieaenaiae?a A?ao’?ae/a, Ieaia Ieaenaiae??aia, caneoaeaiee ooaeiaeiee
Oe?a?inueei? ?N? Ieeiea Ieaen?eiae/ ?iae?i, canooiiee aee?aeoi?a c
iaoeiai? ?iaioe Aea?aeaaiiai ?noi?eei-eoeueoo?iiai caiia?aeieea Nio??
Ee?anueei? Oioeueea ??ia Oaioei?aia.

Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aieiaia iaoa aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe – i?iaanoe
?noi?eei-iaoeiaee aiae?c oai?/ino? oe?a?inueeiai a/aiiai a?ieiaa
I.A.Oa?eaiaiy (1887-1970), aeiaanoe cia/ei?noue eiai iaoeiaiai aei?iaeo
aeey ?icaeoeo oe?a?inueei? a?ieia?/ii? iaoee.

Anoaiiaeaia iaoa aecia/a? iaiao?aei?noue ae??oaiiy ianooiieo caaaeaiue:

· nie?ath/enue ia a?o?ai? oa e?oa?aoo?i? ia?oiaeaea?aea, a?aeoai?eoe
aeeoo?aee oeyo a/aiiai, neeanoe iaoeiao a?ia?ao?th, ui a?aeia?aaeaea a
iniiai? aoaie eiai iaoeiai-aeine?aeii?, iaoeiai-i?aai?caoe?eii?,
iaaeaaia?/ii? oa a?iiaaenueei? ae?yeueiino? ia oii? caaaeueii-?noi?e/ieo
i?ioean?a, ye? iaee i?noea a Oe?a?i? OO noie?ooy;

· c’ynoaaoe o/anoue a/aiiai o i?ioean? i?ciaiiy oa aea/aiiy oaa?eiiiai
na?oo Oe?a?ie, a naia ?icaeoeo oaeeo aaeocae ciieia?? ye oaoi?noeea,
nenoaiaoeea oa ciiaaia?ao?y;

· aecia/eoe ?ieue a/aiiai o noaiiaeaii? oa ?icaeoeo i?e?iaeiioi?iiii?
ni?aae a Oe?a?i?;

· aeine?aeeoe ?noi?eei-e?a?ciaa/ee iai?yiie iaoeiai? ae?yeueiino?
a/aiiai, iieacaoe iaoeiaa oa iaaeaaia?/ia cia/aiiy eiai ?ia?o;

· iieacaoe cia/aiiy iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue a/aiiai, ui noinoaaeeny
iai’yoee eoeueoo?e neia’yinueeeo ia?iae?a “Neiaa i?i ?ai??a iio?ae” aeey
ni?aae a?aeoai?aiiy iniaeeainoae oaa?eiiiai oa ?ineeiiiai na?oo iaoi?
oa?eoi??? /an?a Ee?anueei? ?on?.

Iaoiaee aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy. I?ae /an aeine?aeieoeueei?
?iaioe canoiniaaii iaoiae ia’?eoeaaoe?? ?noi??? iaoee /a?ac iinoao?
ie?aieo aeaeaoieo a/aieo, ?noi?e/iee oa eia?/iee aiae?c ci?noo
i?ea?iaeueieo iiiia?ao?e ? noaoae o ca’yceo ?c caaaeueiith neooaoe??th a
iaooe? o iaai? o?iiieia?/i? ia??iaee, a oaeiae ?c iieiaeaiiyi no/anii?
iaoee; iaoeiciaa/a iaoiaeeea ?ioa?a’thaaiiy oao?aoe?a. Oe? iaoiaee
iaaeaee ciiao iaea?aeaoe aeineoue iiaio oa ia’?eoeaio ?ioi?iaoe?th c
aeine?aeaeoaaii? i?iaeaie.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iieyaa? o oiio, ui:

· a aeena?oa?? aia?oa i?iaaaeaiee oe?e?niee aiae?c
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieoeueei? oa iaoeiai-i?aai?caoe?eii? ae?yeueiino?
I.A.Oa?eaiaiy ca iniiaieie, aecia/aieie aeena?oaioii iai?yiaie; aeaia
eiiieaenia ioe?iea iaoeiaiio aei?iaeo a/aiiai, eiai aianeo o ?icaeoie
a?ieia?? a Oe?a?i?;

· aia?oa iiai?noth a?aeoai?aii aeeoo?aee oa oai?/ee oeyo I.A.Oa?eaiaiy,
anoaiiaeai? iaa?aeii? aein? oaeoe eiai a?ia?ao??;

· aeiaaaeaii, ui iaoeia? aeine?aeaeaiiy I.A.Oa?eaiaiy o aaeoc?
oaoi?noeee, nenoaiaoeee, ciiaaia?ao?? yaeythoue niaith iaa?ae’?iio
neeaaeiao caaaeueiiai i?ioeano ?icaeoeo ciaiue i?i oaa?eiiee na?o
Oe?a?ie ii/aoeo OO noie?ooy;

· aeyaeaii iiaee aniaeo iaoeiai? ae?yeueiino? I.A.Oa?eaiaiy –
?noi??ia?ao?/iee iai?yiie eiai aeine?aeaeaiue, aia?oa i?aee?aneth?oueny
cia/aiiy oeeo aeine?aeaeaiue aeey ?aeiino?othaaiiy oe?e?nii? ea?oeie
?icaeoeo ciiaaia?ao?/ii? iaoee a Oe?a?i?;

· anoaiiaeaii aeoeaio o/anoue o/aiiai a i?ioean? noaiiaeaiiy
i?e?iaeiioi?iiii? ni?aae a Oe?a?i?;

· aia?oa iieacaii cia/aiiy ?ia?o a/aiiai i?enay/aieo “Neiao i?i ?ai??a
iio?ae” aeey iiiiaiaiiy iaoeo ciaiue i?i i?e?iaeo aeaaiuei?
Oe?a?ie-?on?;

· a iaoeiaee ia?a aaaaeaii iaa?aeii? ?ai?oa oaeoe c ?noi??? ?icaeoeo
a?o/eciyii? a?ieia?/ii? iaoee.

I?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy. I?aaenoaaeaia o aeena?oaoe??
aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeiio?oueny o ?one? ieaiiai? oaie a?aeae?eo ?noi???
iaoee Oeaio?a aeine?aeaeaiue iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai iioaioe?aeo oa
?noi??? iaoee ?i. A.I.Aeia?iaa IAI Oe?a?ie “Noaiiaeaiiy iaoe?iiaeueii?
iaoee ia Oe?a?i?: ?noi??y, nioe?ieoeueoo?iee ? iaoiaeieia?/iee aiae?c”.
Io?eiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeyaeythoueny ei?enieie i?e ?ic?iaoe? caaaeueieo
i?iaeai ?noi??? iaoe i?e?iaeie/iai oeeeeo a Oe?a?i?; iaoa??aee
aeine?aeaeaiiy iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? a eo?nao eaeoe?e ?c ciieia??,
aeieia??, ciiaaia?ao??, ?ioeo aeenoeeie?i aeueo iaa/aeueieo caeeaae?a.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe. Iaoa??aee aeine?aeaeaiiy aoee ai?iaiaai? ia
i?aeia?iaei?e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Oe?a?iiciaanoai a nenoai?
ina?oe” (Ee?a, 1996), I’yo?e i?aeia?iaei?e iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? “sscue
e eoeueoo?a” (Ee?a, 1996), Oe?a?inueei-aia?eeainueeiio nai?ia?? c
?noi??? iaoee (Ee?a, 1998), I?aeia?iaei?e eiioa?aioe?? “O?ainoi?iaoe?y
iaoeiaeo nenoai a aea?aeaaao c ia?ao?aeiith aeiiii?eith oa ?ieue iaoee a
noni?euenoa?, ui ci?ith?oueny” (Ee?a, 1998), eiioa?aioe?yo iieiaeeo
a/aieo iaoeiciaaoe?a oa ?noi?ee?a iaoee (Ee?a, 1995, 1996), ia iaoeiaeo
nai?ia?ao Oeaio?o aeine?aeaeaiue iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai iioaioe?aeo oa
?noi??? iaoee ?i. A.I.Aeia?iaa IAI Oe?a?ie.

INIIAIEE CI?NO AeENA?OAOe??

O Anooi? iaa?oioiao?oueny aea?? oaie, ?ice?eaa?oueny ?? aeooaeuei?noue
oa nooi?iue aeine?aeaeaiino?, noi?ioeueiaaii iaoo ? iniiai? caaaeaiiy
aeine?aeaeaiiy, aecia/ai? eiai o?iiieia?/i? ?aiee, ?ice?eaa?oueny
iiaecia ? i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy, aeathoueny a?aeiiino? i?i ai?iaaoe?th
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe.

O ia?oiio ?icae?e? “Ieeiea Aaneeueiae/ Oa?eaiaiue ye a/aiee ? ethaeeia”
aia?oa iiai?noth a?aeoai?aii iniiai? aoaie aeeoo?aiai oa oai?/iai oeyoo
I.A.Oa?eaiaiy, aeieoi?a a?ieia?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?a i?eeeaaeii?
ciieia??, /e? ?i’y a ?noi??? oe?a?inueei? a?ieia?/ii? iaoee aeiaaee /an
aoei caaooei, a a??i?oa iii?inoo caiia/oaaiei.

O aeena?oaoe?? o ca’yceo c ae?yeuei?noth I.A.Oa?eaiaiy ?icaeyiooi
?noi??th aaaaoueio iaoeiaeo ina?aaee?a: Ee?anueeiai oiaa?enoaa aiaoi??a
i?e?iaee, Ee?anueeiai ciieia?/iiai naaeo, Aei?i?ianueei? a?ieia?/ii?
noaioe??, Ee?anueeiai i?i?oieia?/iiai oiaa?enoaa ?i. E.O.Eannea?a,
Ee?anueei? e?aeiai? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? noaioe??, Ciieia?/iiai
iocath AOAI, Ciieia?/ii? naeoe?? Oe?a?inueeiai iaoeiaiai oiaa?enoaa,
Naeoe?? ioi?iie i?e?iaee N?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai a/aiiai eii?oaoa
Oe?a?ie, Eii?n?? e?a?ciaanoaa AOAI.

Cia/io oaaao i?eae?eaii ie?aei?e ae?yeueiino? I.A.Oa?eaiaiy a ?inoeooo?
ciieia?? Aeaaeai?? iaoe Oe?a?ie, a oaeiae ae?aiaoe/i?e eiai aeie? a ?iee
a?eie ? o i?neyai?iiee ia??iae.

O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? “Aiae?c iaoeiai-aeine?aeieoeueei? oa
iaoeiai-i?aai?caoe?eii? ae?yeueiino? I.A.Oa?eaiaiy a eiioaeno?
noaiiaeaiiy oa ?icaeoeo a Oe?a?i? oaoi?noeee, nenoaiaoeee ?
ciiaaia?ao??” iiaea?oueny ei?ioeee iaeyae aeine?aeaeaiue oaa?eiiiai
na?oo Oe?a?ie a ae?oa?e iieiaei? O?O – ia?o?e iieiaei? OO noie?oue ?
?ice?eaa?oueny cia/aiiy iaoeiai? ae?yeueiino? I.A.Oa?eaiaiy aeey
aea/aiiy neeaaeo, aaia?ao?/iiai iioe?aiiy oa ?ioeo iniaeeainoae
oaa?eiiiai na?oo Oe?a?ie; ?icaeyaeathoueny iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe iaoeiai?
ae?yeueiino? a/aiiai o aaeoc? ciiaaia?ao??.

Aeine?aeaeoaaoe oaoio Oe?a?ie aeineoue aia?a?eii ii/aee o 40 – 50-o
?ieao ieioeiai noie?ooy. I?ioani? E.Eannea? o Ee?a?, I.Ii?aeiai a
Iaean?, I.*a?iae o Oa?eia? caeeaee iniiae aeine?aeaeaiiy oaoie ia
oe?ieeo i?inoi?ao Oe?a?ie. Oae, cie?aia, i?aoe? i?ioani?a E.Eannea?a
aaaaeaeenue ia oie /an eeane/ieie. Iniaeeaee iaoeiaee ?ioa?an
i?aaenoaaeyea ?iaioa “Anoanoaaiiay enoi?ey aoaa?iee Eeaaneiai o/aaiiai
ie?oaa”. O i?e i?ioani? Eannea? iiaeaa ia?o? oe?eeii iaoeia? a?aeiiino?
i?i oaoio o?aaaoieo Ee?anueei? o/aiai? ie?oae, aei yei? iaeaaeaee
Ee?aueia, Iiae?eey, Aieeiue, *a?i?a?aueia ? Iieoaaueia. O ae?oa?e
iieiaei? O?O no. a ?icaeoeo oe??? ae?eyiee aeine?aeieoeueei? ?iaioe
niinoa??aa?oueny aaeeea ia?a?aa. Aiia o?eaaea aae aei ii/aoeo
oaia??oiueiai noie?ooy, eiee ciiao i?aei?nny ?ioa?an aei aea/aiiy oaoie
e?a?ie. O oie /an ii/aei i?aoethaaoe Ee?anueea i?i?oieia?/ia oiaa?enoai,
i?aai?ciaaii ?yae oiaa?enoa aiaoi??a i?e?iaee, caniiaaii aeaye?
a?ieia?/i? noaioe??. I.A.Oa?eaiaiue a?aa aeoeaio o/anoue o ae?yeueiino?
ia?a?aoiaaieo caeeaae?a, ui ?icoaoiaoaaeeny o Ee?a?: nae?aoa?thaaa a
I?i?oieia?/iiio oiaa?enoa?, aoa aeaaaei o/anieeii caoiae?a Ee?anueeiai
oiaa?enoaa aiaoi??a i?e?iaee, iaeiei c iaaaaaoueio iaoeiaeo i?aoe?aiee?a
Aei?i?ianueei? a?ieia?/ii? noaioe??. Iaeiei c aieiaieo aniaeo?a eiai
ae?yeueiino? aoee iaoeia? i?aoe?, ui a?aeia?aaeaee iino?ei? ?aoaeuei?
aeine?aeaeaiiy a/aiiai ii aea/aiith neeaaeo oaa?eiiiai na?oo ??cieo
i?noeaainoae Oe?a?ie, yeee aoa ua oae iaei aea/aiee ia oie /an; onueiai
a ia??iae c 1909 ii 1917 a/aiei aoei iaienaii a?eueoa naieaeanyoe ?ia?o.
Oaea a ia?o?e nai?e iaoeia?e ?iaio? “Nienie ioeoe ie?anoiinoae Eeaaa”
(1909) oa aeae?eueeio aeiiiaiaiiyo aei iueiai I.A.Oa?eaiaiue iiaeaa aei
i?i?oioaoie aeaii? i?noeaaino? 308 aeae?a cai?noue 120, ui ?o aoei
aeacaii i?ioani?ii E.Eannea?ii aeey Ee?anueei? ie?oae. Iaeaea eiaeia c
ianooiieo ?ia?o a/aiiai i?noeea iia? aeai? i?i oaoio Oe?a?ie. A?ey aeaio
o?aoei caaaeueii? e?eueeino? i?aoeue o/aiiai, a ?o a?eueoa 300,
i?enay/ai? aeine?aeaeaiith iniaeeainoae oaa?eiiiai na?oo Oe?a?ie.
Ia?aaaaeia a?eueo?noue ?ia?o Oa?eaiaiy ia? i?i?oieia?/io ni?yiiaai?noue.
Iaeiae o oai?/iio aei?iaeo a/aiiai ?nio? /eiaei aeine?aeaeaiue ii eeanao
nnaaoe?a, ieacoi?a, caiiiaiaeieo, ?ea, eiiao.

A 1917 ?. iiiiaeei naith ae?yeuei?noue Oe?a?inueea iaoeiaa oiaa?enoai.
Oea a?ae?iaeaeaiiy Oiaa?enoaa aeaei iaaiee noeioe aeey i?aoe? a ??cieo
aaeocyo ciaiiy, cie?aia ? a aaeoc? oaoi?noeee. I.A.Oa?eaiaiy aoei ia?aii
/eaiii OIO o 1918 ?. Ii aani? 1918 ?. aoea caniiaaia I?e?iaeie/a naeoe?y
OIO. A/aiee a?aa aeoeaio o/anoue a ?? ?iaio?. Aea iaeaieiai?oei
?acoeueoaoii eiai ae?yeueiino? a OIO noaea i?aai?ciaaia iei o 1920 ?.
Ciieia?/ia naeoe?y, eio?a i?iaaaeeea oe?ieo iaoeiai-aeine?aeieoeueeo oa
iaoeiai-i?aai?caoe?eio ?iaioo. O 1921 ?. Ciieia?/ia naeoe?y OIO ?acii ?c
?ioeie onoaiiaaie Oiaa?enoaa aa?eoea aei neeaaeo AOAI, aea ?
i?iaeiaaeoaaea naith ?iaioo, ia’?aeioth/e aeaaeai?/ieo ciieia?a oa
aaaaoi ciieia?a iica Aeaaeai??th, niaoe?ae?no?a oa aiaoi??a. Aanue /an
aieiaith Naeoe?? aoa I.A.Oa?eaiaiue.

1 o?aaiy 1919 ?. i?e Aeaaeai?? iaoe aoa ooai?aiee ciieia?/iee iocae.
A?ae ii/aoeo eiai ooai?aiiy Oa?eaiaiue i?aoethaaa ia iinaae? ciieiaa ?
a/aiiai eiinoeueoaioa iocath, aaaiia /anoeia eiiiiceoe?? iocath
i?eiaaeaea ia aeani? eieaeoe?? a/aiiai.

Ia ii/aoeo 20-o ?ie?a o Ee?a? aoei ooai?aii Iaoeiai-aeine?aeio eaoaae?o
ciieia??, yeo i?ci?oa aoei ia?aoai?aii ia aaeeeee Anaoe?a?inueeee
iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee ?inoeooo AOAI ?c Anaoe?a?inueeei ciieia?/iei ioca?i.
?aeiiaiaeoaaa I.A.Oa?eaiaiy, ye eaiaeeaeaoa aei /eai?a eaoaae?e, ??
aieiaa – aeaaeai?e ?.?.Oiaeueaaocai, aeaaoe iaaecae/aeii noaaeuei?
a?aeaoee iaoeia?e ae?yeueiino? a/aiiai. I.A.Oa?eaiaiue a?aa aeoeaio
o/anoue a i?aai?caoe?? a Oe?a?i? ni?aae aea/aiiy ia?aeueioo ioao?a ca
aeiiiiiaith e?eueoethaaiiy, aeiaaee /an ea?oaaa on??th ?iaioith ii
e?eueoethaaiith, yea i?iaaaeeeany Ciieia?/iei ioca?i AOAI o
iae??ciiiai?oi?oeo i?noeyo Oe?a?ie.

Ie??i aeoeaii? iaoeiai-i?aai?caoe?eii? ae?yeueiino? I.A.Oa?eaiaiue
i?iaeiaaeo? ae?oeoaaoe /eneaii? iaoeia? i?aoe?, /eiaei c yeeo aoee
i?iia?nueeeie ? caeeaee i?oeiee ooiaeaiaio aeey iiaeaeueoeo iaoeiaeo
aeine?aeaeaiue a?o/eciyieo a/aieo. Oae, I.A.Oa?eaiaiue aoa aaoi?ii
ia?oiai a Oe?a?i? aecia/ieea ca???a, i?aai?caoi?ii aeaeaiiy oa aieiaiei
?aaeaeoi?ii ia?oiai a Oe?a?i? ciieia?/iiai aeo?iaeo. A/aiee noaa aaoi?ii
eai?oaeueii? i?aoe? – ia?oiai aecia/ieea ioao?a Oe?a?ie; neeaae
i?i?oioaoie O?N? a ?iaio? aoei iiaeaii a/aiei o ?ici??? 349 aeae?a, 416
i?aeaeae?a.

I.A.Oa?eaiaiue – a/aiee, c ?iaiai yeiai iia’ycothoue aeine?aeaeaiiy ?c
ciiaaia?ao?? o ia?aaeai?iiee ia??iae. Eiai “Ciiaaia?ao?y O?N?” (1936)
/a?ac 60 ?ie?a i?ney ?? aeaeaiiy yaey? niaith aaeeeo iaoeiao oe?ii?noue.
I?aaenoaaeaiee Oa?eaiaiai ciiaaia?ao?/iee iiae?e oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie
ia?aaeai?iieo ei?aeii?a iaeaea ia ci?ieany. Ci?ieeeny ei?aeiie aea?aeaae
– a?aeiia?aeii c’yaeeenue iia? ciiaaia?ao?/i? iaeeieoe? a ?aeiioaaii?
oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie, iaaieiii ci?ith?oueny neeaae oaa?eiiiai naa?oo,
oa?aeoa? eiai ?ici?uaiiy. Aea oaeiai ae, ye o I.A.Oa?eaiaiy, a?oioiaiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy aaia?ao?? oaa?eiiiai na?oo iaoeo caiaeue, ia aeaeue, ?
aein? ia ?nio?. “Ciiaaia?ao?y O?N?” I.A.Oa?eaiaiy iiaeiia
?icoe?ithaaoeny ye i?eeeaae aeey iiaeaeueoeo aeine?aeaeaiue o aeai?e
aaeoc? a?ieia?/ieo ciaiue, a oaeiae ye iaeaeaoaeuei?oee ia?en ?noi???
aea/aiiy oaa?eiiiai na?oo Oe?a?ie, iniaeeai ?noi??? ?? ciiaaia?ao?/iiai
iiae?eo, ui aeine?aeaeaia ua aeoaea iaei.

O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? “Aianie I.A.Oa?eaiaiy o ?icaeoie i?e?iaeiioi?iiii?
ni?aae a Oe?a?i?” eaeaoueny i?i ae?yeuei?noue I.A.Oa?eaiaiy o iai?yieo
iiioey?ecaoe?? ?aeae ioi?iie i?e?iaee, i?i ai?ioueao a/aiiai ca
caa?aaeaiiy ie?aieo ia’?eo?a aeeai? i?e?iaee, ?ice?eaa?oueny ?ieue
a/aiiai o ?icaeoeo a?o/eciyii? caiia?aeii? ni?aae a eiioaeno? ?icaeoeo
ioi?iie i?e?iaee a Oe?a?i? ia?oi? iieiaeie OO noie?ooy.

I.A.Oa?eaiaiue c?iaea aaaiiee aianie aei i?aai?caoe?? ni?aae ioi?iie
i?e?iaee a Oe?a?i?. A?aa aeoeaio o/anoue o i?aai?caoe?? oa i?iaaaeaii?
i?e?iaeiioi?iiieo aenoaaie, ui aoee ia ii/aoeo OO no. iaeiiioey?i?oith
oi?iith i?iiaaoaaiiy ?aeae ioi?iie ca???a oa ioao?a; aeoeaii i?aoethaaa
a a?iiaaenuee?e eii?n?? c ioi?iie i?e?iaee, ui aoea i?aai?ciaaia o n?/i?
1918 ?. i?e A?aeae?e? ioi?iie iai’yoie i?e?iaee I?i?noa?noaa caiaeueieo
ni?aa; caa?aeoaaa Naeoe??th ioi?iie i?e?iaee N?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai
a/aiiai eii?oaoo Oe?a?ie, eoaee eiai aoei ia?aii a n?/i? 1919 ?. O 1926
?. i?e Ia?eiii?in? O?N? aoea noai?aia i?e?iaeiioi?iiia ?iniaeoo?a, aei
neeaaeo yei? aoiaeeee aieiaiee ?iniaeoi? ? /ioe?e e?aeiaeo – o Oa?eia?,
Iaean?, Aei?i?iiao?ianueeo oa Ee?a?. I.A.Oa?eaiaiue caeiaa iinaaeo
ee?anueeiai ?iniaeoi?a. *eiaei coneeue aeieeaa o/aiee aei i?iiaaoaaiiy
?aeae ioi?iie i?e?iaee na?aae oe?ieeo e?e a?iiaaenueeino?. A?eueoa 20
?ia?o a/aiiai i?enay/ai? i?e?iaeiioi?iii?e oaiaoeoe?. A?i caoaaaeoaaa,
ui ?ioaineaiee ??no ??eueieoeueei? eoeueoo?e oa i?iieneiaino?, i?e
iaaeinoaoiueiio na?aae ia?iaeieo ian ona?aeiieaii? iaiao?aeiino?
aa?aaeeeaiai a?aeiioaiiy aei aea??a i?e?iaee, i?ecaaee aei oiai, ui
/eiaei i?e?iaeieo aaaaonoa aoee iacaaaeaee ao?a/ai?. A o 1919 ?. a/aiee
ienaa, ui “aa?aaeeeaia ioiioaiea e aea?ai i?e?iaeu e ?aaiethoeey, e
niaeaeaieth, ieeiaaea ia ni/aoathony”.

A/aiiai iino?eii oo?aoaaee ieoaiiy iaiao?aeiino? noai?aiiy a Oe?a?i?
caiia?aeiee?a, a oaeiae iaeaaiaeaeaiiy ?iaioe aaea ?nioth/eo. ?noi?e/i?
aeai? na?ae/aoue i?i oa, ui I.A.Oa?eaiaiue a?aa o/anoue a ?iaio? ia?oiai
aea?aeaaiiai caiia?aeieea a Oe?a?i? – Aneai?y Iiaa – ?ic?iaeya io?oe?ei?
aea?aeaai? aeieoiaioe noiniaii Aneai??, aeoeaii i?aoethaaa o
Aneai?enueeiio eii?oao?. Aeiey ae?oaiai aea?aeaaiiai caiia?aeieea –
Eii/?-Canie, – ua a a?eueo?e i??? iia’ycaia c ?iaiai I.A.Oa?eaiaiy,
yeiai aoei ia?aii ia iinaaeo aee?aeoi?a ?aaeith caiia?aeieea oa
caoaa?aeaeaii IECN o 1924 ?. A/aiee i/iethaaa iaoeiao ?iaioo
caiia?aeieea aei inoaii?o aei?a eiai ?nioaaiiy (1934 ?.), eiee o
Eii/?-Cani? ?ici?noeeeny o?yaeia? aea/? ?, ye caiia?aeiee, aiia
ia?anoaea ?nioaaoe.

Iai?ee?ioe? 20-o – ii/aoeo 30-o ?ie?a ia Oe?a?i? i?eeiathoueny
iinoaiiae, ye? i?aeneeththoue ia?o?eiee eiio?ieue iaae ae?oea?nueeith
i?iaeoeoe??th. A?eueoa 50% n?eueneiainiiaea?nueei?, o oiio /ene? ?
i?e?iaeiioi?iiii? e?oa?aoo?e i?aeeyaaei “aaciaiai?i/iiio ecuyoeth”.
Iaoa??aee, ye? e?eoeeoaaee iauaaeio aenieoaoaoe?th i?e?iaeieo ?ano?n?a,
aoei iaiiaeeeai ioae?eoaaoe iaa?oue a cae?eoeo iaoeiaeo ca??ieeao.
Ii/aeiny oeueeoaaiiy a/aieo, eio?? ienaee i?i ioi?iio i?e?iaee a iao?e
e?a?i? /anii. Ae?noaeiny oiae? ? Oa?eaiaith – eiai, ?acii ?c oaeeie
a/aieie ye I.O.Eauaiei, Ae.?.Aae?ia, ?.?.Oiaeueaaocai oa ?io? aoei
iacaaii oe?a?inueeei iaoe?iiae-oaoenoii, iaa?oue eeaniaei ai?iaii.

Oa?aeoa?iith iniaeea?noth oai?/ino? a/aiiai aoea iai?ae?iaia, ni?aaaeiy
caiaiiei?i?noue aeieath eiaeii? aeeai? ?noioe. Oa?eaiaiue ai?iany ca
ioi?iio eaaaaey-oiaeoia, aeiaaath/e iaieineoe i?noey eiai ai?caeoaaiue
caiia?aeieeaie i?noeaaiai cia/aiiy; iaiaaaany i?eaa?iooe oaaao
a?aeiia?aeieo onoaiia aei ieoaiiy ioi?iie ae?ioa ia Oe?a?i?; a?aa
o/anoue o i?ioano? a?oie a/aieo, ni?yiiaaiiio i?ioe cieuaiiy eeneoeue;
aaeeeo oaaao i?eae?eya ca?aei?iith ?eaieo aaaaoeoa Oe?a?ie, ieoaiiyi
ioi?iie caeaieo ianaaeaeaiue, noa?eo aea?aa. Iai?ee?ioe? 50-o ciiao
i?aei?iaa ieoaiiy i?i iiaa?iaiiy Eii/?-Cani? noaoono caiia?aeii? ciie. A
na?aaeei? 60-o a ?acoeueoao? o?eaaeeo aeine?aeaeaiue i?i?oioaoie
ieieeoeue Ee?aa I.A.Oa?eaiaiue ?iaeoue aeniiaie, ui aaaaoi c ioao?a
Ee?aueie c eaoaai??? aeae?a, ui ai?caeyoueny, “ia?aeoee” aei eaoaai???
i?ie?oieo ? iaa?oue cae?oieo aeae?a.

I.A.Oa?eaiaiue aaaaeaa, ui naia aaaiiee aiein iaoeiaoe?a aeiiii?a ae
caeiyoe i?iaeaiai ioi?iie i?e?iaee a?aeia i?noea a a?iiaaenuee?e
na?aeiiino? ? eiai ae?yeuei?noue – yne?aaee oeueiio i?eeeaae.

O /aoaa?oiio ?icae?e? “Aiae?c i?e?iaeie/i-e?a?ciaa/eo aeine?aeaeaiue
I.A.Oa?eaiaiy” iniiaia oaaaa aeoeaioo?oueny ia iaoeiai-iaaeaaia?/iiio
cia/aii? i?aoeue I.A.Oa?eaiaiy ?noi?eei-e?a?ciaa/i? ni?yiiaaiino? ?
aianeo iaoeiaiai aei?iaeo a/aiiai ii aea/aiith “Neiaa i?i ?ai??a iio?ae”
o ?icaeoie ciaiue i?i i?e?iaeo Oe?a?ie O?-O?? no. oa o caaaeueio ea?oeio
i?ciaiiy iai’yoee. A oai?/iio aei?iaeo a/aiiai cono??/a?oueny a?ey
o?eaeoeyoe iaoeiaeo ?ia?o, i?enay/aieo aena?oeaiith iae??ciiiai?oi?oeo
ieoaiue oaie ?noi??? oa e?a?ciaanoaa ??aeii? caie?: a/aiee ?ice?eaa?
cia/aiiy iac?icoi?eeo ?noi?e/ieo iaca Aeieianuee ? Ciei/a, ciaoiaeeoue
ia ea?o? i?noa ?o no/ani? aiaeiae, caa?oa? oaaao ia iacaaeia?eueiee noai
i?e?iaee oeeo i?noeaainoae; aeineoue oe?eaai aeine?aeaeo? ieoaiiy i?i
oiiii?i?eo ?.Ii/aeie, nie?ath/enue o nai?o iiooeao ia aeaaith ?onueeo
aeeeio. I.A.Oa?eaiaiue aein? caeeoa?oueny aaoi?ii iaeiiai?oi? ?noi???
canioaaiiy Ee?anueeiai ciieia?/iiai naaeo. Aei ?noi?eei-e?a?ciaa/i?
oaiaoeee ne?ae a?aeianoe oaeiae oe?eo ieceo ?ia?o I.A.Oa?eaiaiy,
i?enay/aieo ?icoeo?iaoe? ia?ae?a?eieo o?anie Nio?? Ee?anueei?, a oaeiae
?yae ?ia?o, ui i?noeee ia?ene i?e?iaee ??cieo caiaeue. Ia
iaoeiai-iaaeaaia?/ia cia/aiiy oeeo oa aaaaoueio ?ioeo ?ia?o aeacoaaee ua
iaoeiaoe?-no/anieee a/aiiai. Ia ao?aoeee oe? ?iaioe nai?? aeooaeueiino?
? a iao /an.

Iaei?ea?iaeuei?oeie a iaoeia?e ae?yeueiino? a/aiiai aoee eiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy ii “Neiao i?i ?ai??a iio?ae”. Ie??i aeeneo/eo
?acoeueoao?a, io?eiaieo a/aiei-a?ieiaii, ui aeyaeeeny ei?enieie aeey
e?oa?aoi??a-neiaiciaaoe?a, Oa?eaiaiai aoa aia?oa c?iaeaiee aeniiaie i?i
oa, ui aeiaeia c aeaai?o ?noi?e/ieo aeaea?ae ia i?noeoue oaei?
e?eueeino? aeae?a oaa?ei iaoeo caiaeue, ? /a?ac oa oa?? oeae iiaea
aeei?enoaoeny ye nai???aeiee iin?aiee ii e?a?ciaanoao, aeia?aeiee i?i
neeaae oaa?eiiiai na?oo Oe?a?ie-?on? O?-O?? no.

A ?acoeueoao? i?iaaaeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aaoi? i?eeoia aei ?yaeo
aeniiae?a, iniiai? c yeeo aeiinyoueny ia caoeno:

· ?i’y oe?a?inueeiai a/aiiai, aeieoi?a a?ieia?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?a
I.A.Oa?eaiaiy (1887-1970) aeiaaee /an aoei caiia/oaaiei. I?iaaaeaia o
?iaio? eiiieaenia aeine?aeaeaiiy iaoeiaiai aei?iaeo a/aiiai iiai?noth
aei?aaaeiao? aeioe?euei?noue eiai iiaa?iaiiy aei noi??iie ?noi???
a?o/eciyii? a?ieia?/ii? iaoee.

· Iaoeia? aeine?aeaeaiiy I.A.Oa?eaiaiy o aaeoc? oaoi?noeee, nenoaiaoeee,
ciiaaia?ao?? o?aaaoieo a?aeia?aaeai? o a?eueo i?ae aeaionoao ae?oeiaaieo
?iaioao a/aiiai, /eiaei c yeeo aoee i?iia?nueeeie ? caeeaee i?oeiee
ooiaeaiaio aeey iiaeaeueoiai eiea iaoeiaeo ?ic?iaie, noaee iaa?ae’?iiith
/anoeith caaaeueiiai i?ioeano aeine?aeaeaiiy oaa?eiiiai na?oo Oe?a?ie
ia?oi? iieiaeie OO noie?ooy.

· Canioaaiiy I.A.Oa?eaiaiai ia ii/aoeo 20-o ?ie?a OO noie?ooy
Ciieia?/ii? naeoe?? OIO, ui iio?i i?iaeiaaeoaaea aeoeaio ?iaioo i?ae
eiai aieiaoaaiiyi o neeaae? AOAI, aeaeaiiy iei ia?oiai a Oe?a?i?
ciieia?/iiai aeo?iaeo, i?aai?caoe?y anaoe?a?inueeeo ciieia?/ieo
eiioa?aioe?e, ea?oaaiiy i?ioyaii aeiaaiai /ano A?aeae?eii oaoi?noeee oa
nenoaiaoeee ?inoeoooo ciieia?? AI O?N?, ciieia?/iei ioca?i – oe? oa ?yae
?ioeo i?eeeaae?a aeoeaii? iaoeiai-i?aai?caoe?eii? ae?yeueiino?
I.A.Oa?eaiaiy na?ae/aoue i?i a?aaeath/ee i?aai?caoi?nueeee oaeaio ?
aeiiiaiththoue ii?o?ao a/aiiai, ye oai?/i? iaoeiai? iniaenoino?.

· Ae?yeuei?noue I.A.Oa?eaiaiy o ni?aa? iiioey?ecaoe?? ?aeae ioi?iie
i?e?iaee, ?icaeoeo caiia?aeii? ni?aae, ai?ioueaa a/aiiai ca caa?aaeaiiy
ie?aieo ia’?eo?a aeeai? i?e?iaee c?iaeee aaaiiee aianie o ?icaeoie
ioi?iie i?e?iaee a Oe?a?i? ia?oi? iieiaeie OO noie?ooy. Aeine?aeaeaiee
oe?ieee niaeo? i?e?iaeiioi?iiii? ae?yeueiino? a/aiiai aeicaiey?
ca?aooaaoe eiai aei eiai?oe aeaeaoieo a?o/eciyieo ae?y/?a ioi?iie
i?e?iaee.

· ?iaioe I.A.Oa?eaiaiy ia noeeo ienoaoeoaiciaanoaa oa i?e?iaeiciaanoaa ?
i?eeeaaeii iaea?aeaiiy eiie?aoieo iaoeiaeo ?acoeueoao?a oeyoii ?icaeoeo
iaaeaeenoeeie?ia?ieo aeine?aeaeaiue. Oae, ?iaioe a/aiiai-a?ieiaa,
i?enay/ai? “Neiao i?i ?ai??a iio?ae” ? ei?enieie ia o?eueee aeey
e?oa?aoo?i– oa iiaiciaaoe?a, aea e iaaecae/aeii oe?iieie aeey iiiiaiaiiy
ciaiue i?i i?e?iaeo aeaaiuei? Oe?a?ie-?on?.

· *eneaii? iioaeeeiaai? oa ?oeiieni? ?iaioe a/aiiai ?noi?eei-e?a?ciaa/i?
ni?yiiaaiino? iathoue ia o?eueee iaoeiaa, aea e iaaeaaia?/ia cia/aiiy,
ai ni?eythoue iiaeeaeaiith i?ioean?a naiiona?aeiieaiiy oe?a?inueei?
iaoe??, caeaoi? aeoiaoaaoe ? ii/oooy oaie aei nai?? ?noi???, ? ethaia
aei ??aeii? caie?, ? aeeaieo a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noue ca aeeooy eiaeii?
aeeai? ?noioe.

Ci?no aeena?oaoe?? aeeeaaeaiee a ianooiieo i?aoeyo:

1. I.A.Oa?eaiaiue. AEeoo?aee oeyo. Iaoeiaa niaaeueia. – Iieoaaa, 1998. –
160 n.

2. Ciiaaia?ao?y a Oe?a?i?: aeoiee ? ?icaeoie // Iaoea oa iaoeiciaanoai.
– Ee?a, 1997. – ? 3-4. – N.172-177.

3. ?icaeoie ?aeae ioi?iie i?e?iaee a Oe?a?i? (1910-1951 ??.) // ?icaeoie
iaoee oa iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai iioaioe?aeo a Oe?a?i? oa ca ei?aeiiii.
Aeiaeaoie aei aeo?iaeo “Iaoea oa iaoeiciaanoai”. – Ee?a, 1997. –
N.57-58.

4. Aeaeaoiee oe?a?inueeee ciieia I.A.Oa?eaiaiue i?i Aeieianuee ? Ciei/o
– caaoo? ?noi?e/i? iai’yoee ieieeoeue Ee?aa // Eoeueoo?a ia ceai?
oeny/ie?oue. – Ee?a, 1996. – *. 2. – N.92-101.

5. Aianie Ieeiee Aaneeueiae/a Oa?eaiaiy o ?icaeoie i?e?iaeie/eo
aeenoeeie?i: oe?a?iiciaa/ee aniaeo // Iaoa??aee I?aeia?. eiio.
“Oe?a?iiciaanoai a nenoai? ina?oe”.- E.: Ina?oa, 1996. – N.283-287.

6. ?icaeoie ciiaaia?ao?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue a Oe?a?i? a?ae iaeaeaai?oeo
/an?a aei ii/aoeo O?O noie?ooy // Iaoa??aee VI iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe??
iieiaeeo a/aieo. – Ieeiea?a, 1996. – N. 92.

7. Ieeiea Oa?eaiaiue – aeine?aeiee ? ni?aaoeue ??aeii? i?e?iaee //
Iaoa??aee V?? iaoe. eiio. iieiaeeo a/aieo. – Ee?a, 1997. – N.105-106.

8. ?aaeuei? eiiaioa?? i?e?iaeiciaaoey Ieeiee Aaneeueiae/a Oa?eaiaiy aei
“Neiaa i?i ?ai??a iio?ae” // Iaoa??aee I’yoi? I?aeia?. eiio. “Iiaa ?
eoeueoo?a”. – Ee?a, 1997. – O. IV. – N.194-199.

9. Aei ?icaeoeo ciiaaia?ao?? a Oe?a?i? // Iaoea oa iaoeiciaanoai. –
1998. – ? 2. – N. 109.

Oioeiaa I.I. I.A.Oa?eaiaiue oa eiai aianie o ?icaeoie a?ieia?? a
Oe?a?i?. – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa ?noi?e/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 07.00.07 – ?noi??y iaoee. – Oeaio? aeine?aeaeaiue
iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai iioaioe?aeo oa ?noi??? iaoee ?iai? A.I.Aeia?iaa IAI
Oe?a?ie. – Ee?a, 1998.

O aeena?oaoe?? a?aeia?aaeai? iniiai? aoaie aeeooy,
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieoeueea oa iaoeiai-i?aai?caoe?eia ae?yeuei?noue
oe?a?inueeiai a/aiiai-ciieiaa, niaoe?ae?noa a aaeoc? oaoi?noeee,
nenoaiaoeee oa ciiaaia?ao??, aeieoi?a a?ieia?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?a
i?eeeaaeii? ciieia?? I.A.Oa?eaiaiy (1887-1970). I?iaaaeaiee
?noi?eei-iaoeiaee aiae?c iaoeiaiai aei?iaeo a/aiiai oa eiai aianeo o
?icaeoie a?ieia?? a Oe?a?i?.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: a/aiee, ?icaeoie a?ieia??, Oe?a?ia, oaoia, ciiaaia?ao?y,
ioi?iia i?e?iaee, ?noi?eei-e?a?ciaa/? aeine?aeaeaiiy.

Oioeiaa A.I. I.A.Oa?eaiaiue e aai aeeaae a ?acaeoea aeieiaee ia Oe?aeia.
– ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa enoi?e/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 07.00.07 – Enoi?ey iaoee. – Oeaio? enneaaeiaaiee
iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai iioaioeeaea e enoi?ee iaoee eiaie A.I.Aeia?iaa IAI
Oe?aeiu. – Eeaa, 1998.

A aeenna?oaoeee ioia?aaeaiu iniiaiua yoaiu aeecie,
iao/ii-enneaaeiaaoaeueneay e iao/ii-i?aaiecaoeeiiiay aeayoaeueiinoue
oe?aeineiai o/aiiai-ciieiaa, niaoeeaeenoa a iaeanoe oaoienoeee,
nenoaiaoeee e ciiaaia?aoee, aeieoi?a aeieiae/aneeo iaoe, i?ioanni?a
i?eeeaaeiie ciieiaee I.A.Oa?eaiaiy (1887-1970). I?iaaaeai
enoi?eei-iao/iue aiaeec iao/iiai ianeaaeey o/aiiai e aai aeeaaea a
?acaeoea aeieiaee ia Oe?aeia.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: o/aiue, ?acaeoea aeieiaee, Oe?aeia, oaoia,
ciiaaia?aoey, io?aia i?e?iaeu, enoi?eei-e?aaaaae/aneea enneaaeiaaiey.

Khohlova E.N. N.V.Sharleman and his contribution to the development of
biology in Ukraine. – Manuscript.

Dissertation for Historical Science Candidate degree on specialty of the
07.00.07 – History of Science. – G.M.Dobrov Centre of Research on
Scientific-technical Potential and History of Science, National Academy
of Sciences of Ukraine. – Kyiv, 1998.

The author shows the main life’s phases, scientific-researching and
scientific-organizing activity of Ukrainian scientist-zoologist,
specialist in the field of faunistics, sistematics and zoogeography,
Biological Science Doctor, professor of applied zoology N.V.Sharleman.
There were held historico-scientifical analysis of scientific legacy of
the scientist and his contribution to the development of biology in
Ukraine.

Key words: scientist, development of biology, Ukraine, fauna,
zoogeography, nature protection, historical researches.

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