IAOeIIIAEUeIA AEAAeAIIss IAOE OE?A?IE
?INOEOOO A?IEIA?? I?AAeAIIEO II??A
ii.I.I.EIAAEAANUeEIAI
AAAI?A?C
?oneai Aai?a?eiae/
OAeE 519.2 : 579 : 582.26/27
IIAeAEUe NAIOEICAEAAEIIAI AIINOO IIAIAIOIA O IIE?IAIAeI?INOssO
03.00.17 — a?ae?ia?ieia?y
Aaoi?aoa?ao aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
a?ieia?/ieo iaoe
Naaanoiiieue – 1998
Aeina?oaoeiy ?oeiienii
?iaioa aeeiiaia a ?inoeooo? a?ieia?? i?aaeaiieo ii??a ?i. I.I.
Eiaaeaanueeiai IAI Oe?a?ie, i. Naaanoiiieue
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee aeieoi? a?ieia?/ieo iaoe,
noa?oee iaoeiaee niia?iaioiee
N?ee?i Aieiaeeie? A?naioieiae/
?inoeooo a?ieia?? i?aaeaiieo ii??a IAI Oe?a?ie,
i?iaiaeiee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee.
Iaoeiaee eiinoeueoaio eaiaeeaeao a?ieia?/ieo iaoe
O?aieaioo ?oaeieueo Iaaeiae/
?inoeooo a?ieia?? i?aaeaiieo ii??a IAI Oe?a?ie,
a.i. caa?aeoth/iai aiaeaeieii
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? a?ieia?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
Ni?iei Eiaeiy sseeiiaia
?inoeooo aiae?iaiieiai IAI Oe?aie,
caa?aeoth/a a?aeae?eii
eaiaeeaeao a?ieia?/ieo iaoe
Aieueaeii aaai Ai?eniae/
E?einueeee iaaee/iee oi?aa?neoao
noa?oee iaoeiaee niia?iaioiee
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa Aei?i?iiao?ianueeee aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao,
oaeoeueoao a?ieia?/ieo iaoe, eaoaae?a aiae?iaiieiaii,
i.Aei?i?iiao?ianuee
Caoeno aeena?oaoei aiaeaoaeaoueny “_28_”_a?oaeiy_1998 ?. i
_10.00_aiaeeii ia caniaeaiii niaoeiaeiciaaii a/aii ?aaee Ae.50.214.01
i?e Iinoeoooi aiieiai iiaaeaiieo ii?ia ii. I.I.Eiaaeaanueeiai IAI Oe?aie
ca aae?anith: 335011, i. Naaanoiiieue, i?. Iaoiiiaa, 2
C aeena?oaoe?th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o aiaeiioaoei Iinoeoooo aiieiai
iiaaeaiieo ii?ia ii. I.I.Eiaaeaanueeiai IAI Oe?aie.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?icineaii _”1” a?oaeiy__1998 ?.
A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoeiaeiciaaii a/aii ?aaee Ae 50.214.01,
eaiaeeaeao aiieiai/ieo iaoe I.E.Iaa?iaa18
ANOOI
Aeooaeueiinoue i?iaeaie. A /eneaiieo niinoa?aaeaiiyo oa aenia?eiaioao
aeyaeaii, ui ci ciaioaiiyi iioaineaiinoi naioea aiino iiaiaioia o
iie?iaiaei?inoae caieueoooueny, a caieueoaiiy naioeiaiai caaacia/aiiy
eeioei noi?iaiaeaeooueny ciaioaiiyi oiuei caeiaiinoi aei iiaeeiaiiy
naioeiaiai iioieo. Oea aeinyaaoueny cieaeaiiyi aiaeiiniiai aiinoo
iiaiaioia o eeioeiao. Oaeei /eiii, iiaeeiaiiy naioeiai aia?ai
?aaoethoueny /a?ac ciiie eiioeaio?aoei iiaiaioia o eeioeiao. Naioei, ui
iiaeeiaoueny, aeeiio iiaeaieio ?ieue. Ii-ia?oa, naioei aeaea?aeii
aia?ai aeey oioineioaco i iniiaiei /eiieeii, yeee ?aaoeth aiineioac
i?aaii/ii ?a/iaeie oioiieaieoiio. Ii-ae?oaa, naioei caeaoia
ooeiaeaeoaaoe iiaiaioio nenoaio (/enoi oioioiii/iee i?ioean).
Eiie?aoiiai iaoaiicio, yeee iiynith ciiie eiioeaio?aoei iiaiaioia,
i?aeoe/ii ia aea/aii, a oeueiio iai?yieo iniothoue eeoa ie?aii ni?iae
(?aaeiiae/, 1951; O?aieaioo e ae?., 1981; O?aieaioo, Aiieeiaa, 1984;
Caai?oaaa, 1985; Aiieeiaa, 1985; Geider et al., 1996)
Oaeei /eiii, iniothoue ia?aaeoiiae aeey iiyniaiiy oeyoia e iaoaiiciia
aaeaioaoei iie?iaiaei?inoae aei naioea ca aeiiiiiaith oic?ieiai/iiai
iaoaiicio, yeee caniiaaiee ia oyaeaiii i?i aeaa i?ioeeaaeieo i?ioeane:
neioac? i oioiaeano?oeoei iiaiaioia (?aaeiiae/, 1951; Nelson, 1993;
Ia?ceye oa ii., 1996).
Ca’ycie i?aoei c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. ?iaioa, yea aoea
i?iaaaeaia, /anoeiith eiiieaenii i?ia?aie aeineiaeaeaiue aiaeaeieo
oioiaaioino e eoeueoeaoaaiiy aiaei?inoae Iinoeoooo aiieiai iiaaeaiieo
ii?ia IAI Oe?aie, yea aeeiioaaeanue ca aea?aeathaeaeaoiith oaiith:
“Aea/eoe caaaeuei? aeieiai-i?iaeoeoeiei? i?ioeane iaeii?aoei na?aaeiaeua
i ia?ieoeueoo?e o i?eaa?aaeieo ?aeiiao *i?iiai ii?y.” (1996-1999 ??.).
Iaoa oa caaaeaiiy aeineiaeaeaiiy. Iniiaia iaoa oei ?iaioe iiaoaeiaa
iiaeaei, ui iiynith caeaaeiinoue aiinoo iiaiaioia a ?ineeiieo eeioeiao
aiae aieeao /eiieeia ciaiioiueiai na?aaeiaeua, ca aeiiiiiaith yei iiaeia
i?iaiicoaaoe iiaaaeiieo iiaiaioii nenoaie i?e ciiiao iioaineaiinoi
naioea, eiioeaio?aoei aiiaaiieo aeaiaioia i o.ae.
O ca’yceo c iinoaaeaiith iaoith ae?iooaaee oaei caaaeaiiy:
1. Cai?iiiioaaoe caaaeueiee iaoaiici, yeee aeicaiey iiynieoe ciiie
eiioeaio?aoei iiaiaioia o eeioeiao.
2. Iiaoaeoaaoe iaoaiaoe/io iiaeaeue ia iniiai cai?iiiiiaaiiai
caaaeueiiai iaoaiicio e io?eiaoe ?iaiyiiy aeey noaoeiiia?iiai i
ianoaoeiiia?iiai i?ioeania eoeueoeaoaaiiy iie?iaiaei?inoae.
3. Aeineiaeeoe aieea iioaineaiinoi naioea ia aiino iiaiaioia o eeioeiao
aiaei?inoae ?iciiiaiioieo nenoaiaoe/ieo a?oi.
4. Aea/eoe aeeiaiieo oioiaeano?oeoeaieo i?ioeania a oiiaao eiiiooaaiiy
iiia?aeueieie eiiiiiaioaie ia i?eeeaaei /a?aiieo oa neiuei-caeaieo
iie?iaiaei?inoae.
5. Iieacaoe ianoia?a/iinoue cai?iiiiiaaii iiaeaei aenia?eiaioaeueiei
?acoeueoaoai.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia. Ia iniiai eioa?aoo?ieo aeaieo i?iiiiooueny caaaeueiee
iaoaiici, yeee aeeth/a oioioice/ii, oioioiii/ii oa oic?ieiai/ii i?ioeane
aaeaioeaieo ciii eiioeaio?aoei iiaiaioia a eeioeiao ?ineei a caeaaeiinoi
aiae naioeiaeo oiia, oaiia?aoo?iiai ?aaeeio i o.ae. Aia?oa ca
aeiiiiiaith iaoiaeia oai?i ianiaiai ianeoaiaoaaiiy Oai?iy ianiaiai
ianeoaiaoaaiiy ?icaeie oai?i iiiai?iinoae, ui aea/a nenoaie, i?ecia/aii
aeey ianeoaiaoaaiiy ianiaiai iioieo aeiia aeiaaeeiaiai oa?aeoa?o. A
aeaiie i?aoei aeei?enoiaothoueny iaoiaee oai?i ianiaiai ianeoaiaoaaiiy,
i?e oeueiio iiaiaioia nenoaia ?icaeyaeaoueny ye nenoaia, yea ianeoaiao
aeiaaeeiaee iioie eaaioia naioea. ?ac?iaeaii iaoaiaoe/io iiaeaeue, yea
iieno oi?io caeaaeiinoi aiaeiiniiai aiinoo iiaiaioia aeey iaeii-, aeaio
oa aaaaoieaaioiaeo iaoaiiciia oioiaeano?oeoei iiaiaioia. Eiaoioeiioe
?iaiyiue ianooue aiieiai/iee ciino oa iiaeooue aooe aeaeiaith
oa?aeoa?enoeeith. Aeiaaaeaii, ui ?iaiyiiy, yei iienothoue ciiie
aiaeiiniiai aiinoo iiaiaioia, iiaeiii iaoe iiiiioi o?e eiaoioeiioe.
Aeei?enoiaoth/e aenia?eiaioaeueii aeaii, ?ic?aoiaaii eiaoioeiioe
io?eiaieo ?iaiyiue aeey ?iciiiaiioieo nenoaiaoe/ieo a?oi
iie?iaiaei?inoae.
Ia i?eeeaaei eoeueoo? /a?aiieo oa neiuei-caeaieo iie?iaiaei?inoae
iieacaii, ui i?e iiaiie aiaenooiinoi acioo o iiaeeaiiio na?aaeiaeui
?oeioaaiiy iiaiaioia a eeioeiao aiaei?inoae aiaeaoaaoueny oieueee o
naioei ? oaeaeeinoue ?oeioaaiiy caeaaeeoue aiae iioaineaiinoi naioea.
Io?eiaii ?iaiyiiy, yei iienothoue aeeiaiieo oioiaeano?oeoeaiiai
ieeneaiiy iiaiaioia, oa ?ic?aoiaaii eiaoioeiioe ?iaiyiue aeey /a?aiieo
oa neiuei-caeaieo iie?iaiaei?inoae.
Aeei?enoaiee iiaeoiae aei aea/aiiy aaeaioiaaieo yaeu i?iiiiooueny aia?oa
i ia ia aiaeiaia o eioa?aoo?i.
I?aeoe/ia oeiiiinoue. ?ac?iaeaia iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue iiaea aooe
aeei?enoaia aeey ?icoeo?iaee aeaieo, io?eiaieo aeenoaioeieieie
aa?ieinii/ieie iaoiaeaie, i?i ?iciianthaeaeaiiy oioiieaieoiio, a oaeiae
aeey iiaoaeiae iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae, yei i?iaiicothoue ia?aeiio
i?iaeoeoeith a Naioiaiio ieaaii (Aaaeaaa, 1991; Behrenfeld, 1997).
E?ii oiai, i?iiiiiaaia iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue iiaea aooe aeei?enoaia aeey
iioeiicaoei oiia ?inoo iie?iaiaei?inoae i?e i?iaeooaaiii ae?iaie/eo
i?ioeania ianiaiai ae?iuoaaiiy aiaei?inoae o E?eio e ia Oe?aii.
Iniaenoee aianie aaoi?a. Aeaia ?iaioa i?iaeiaaeaiiyi ?icaeoeo iaeae i?i
canoinoaaiiy oai?i ianiaiai ianeoaiaoaaiiy a aiieiai (O?aieaioo, 1982,
1984, 1992; ?oaii, Oeiea?aa, 1984 oa ii.). Aaoi?ii aeena?oaoei
?ic?iaeaii iiaeaei caeaaeiinoi aiinoo iiaiaioia a eeioeiao ?ineei aiae
aieeao ?iciiiaiioieo /eiieeia iaaeieeoiueiai na?aaeiaeua (cie?aia
naioea) i i?iaaaeaii aenia?eiaioe aeey ia?aai?ee io?eiaieo ?iaiyiue
naioeicaeaaeiiai aiinoo iiaiaioia o eeioeiao iie?iaiaei?inoae.
Ai?iaaoeiy ?acoeueoaoia aeena?oaoei. Iaoa?iaee aeena?oaoei
aeiiiaiaeaeenue ia naiiia?ao o aiaeaeiei oioiaaioino oa eoeueoeaoaaiiy
aiaei?inoae (1993-1997 ??.), ia naiiia?i eaoaae?e oic?ieiai ?ineei
(i. Aeiii?iiao?ianuee, 1995), ia 31 a?iiaenueeiio Neiiicioii c ii?nueei
aiieiai (i. N.-Iaoa?ao?a, 9-13 aa?aniy 1996 ?.).
Ca iaoa?iaeaie aeena?oaoei iioaeieiaaii 6 iaoeiaeo i?aoeue.
No?oeoo?a oa ianya i?aoei. Aeena?oaoeith aeeeaaeaii ia 132 noi?iieao
iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, neeaaeaoueny c? anooio, /ioe?ueio ?icaeie?a,
aeniiaeia, aeiaeaoeo, nieneo eioa?aoo?e (167 iaeiaioaaiue). Oaeno
iethno?iaaii 9 oaaeeoeyie i 23 iaethieaie.
CIINO ?IAIOE
?ICAeIE 1. IAEssAe EIOA?AOO?E
A oeueiio ?icaeiei aeeeaaeaii iniiaii oyaeaiiy i?i eeaneoieaoeith
iiaiaioia, o aiino o eeioeiao iie?iaiaei?inoae, aieea niaeo?aeueiiai
neeaaeo oa iioaineaiinoi naioea ia aaee/eio aiaeiiniiai aiinoo
iiaiaioia. ?acaeyiooi aeaii ca iaoaiiciii oioiaeano?oeoeaiiai ieeneaiiy
iiaiaioia iie?iaiaei?inoae. Iniaeeao oaaao i?eaeieaii inioth/ei
iaoaiaoe/iei iiaeaeyi iiaiaioieo oa?aeoa?enoee ?ineei. I?iaaaeaii aiaeic
iiaeaeae, yei aei oeueiai aeiy iaeaieueo ?ac?iaeaieie.
?ICAeIE 2. CAAAEUeIA IIAeAEUe
Aeaiee ?icaeie i?enay/aii aecia/aiith iniiaieo iiiyoue: eiioeaio?aoeiy
iiaiaioia (), aiiiane (x), aeoiae iiaiaioia (niinoa?aaeeeaa oaeaeeinoue
neioaco V), i?iaeoeoeaiinoue ca aiiianith (?), ieoiia oaeaeeinoue
aeoiaeo iiaiaioia () i aiiiane (x). Io?eiaii niiaaiaeiioaiiy aeey
aaee/ei aiaeiiniiai aiinoo iiaiaioo a aiiiani eeioei ():
= / x = V / P
Ia iniiai oyaeaiiy i?i aeaa i?ioeeaaeieo i?ioeane neioac e ?oeioaaiiy
iiaiaioia, ?ac?iaeaii caaaeueiee iaoaiici, ui aeeth/a oaei iiiyooy:
iaeneiaeueii iiaeeeaa cia/aiiy:
MAX = VS / P ,
aea VS oaeaeeinoue neioaco iiaiaioia, V = VS – Vd. Vd oaeaeeinoue
?oeioaaiiy iiaiaioia.
Aeiaaaeaii aei iaaiiai aeaeyaeo:
‘ = / MAX , ‘= / S
aea S = + d — caaaeueia eiioeaio?aoeiy iiaiaioo, d — eiioeaio?aoeiy
c?oeiiaaiiai iiaiaioo.
Iiaeaeue oioiaeano?oeoei
A iiaeaiiio ia?aa?aoi, aeei?enoiaoth/e iaoiaee oai?i ianiaiai
ianeoaiaoaaiiy,io?eiaia noaia ia?aoiaeo iiaiaioo ic iaeiiai noaio a
iioee:
wmetafile8? ??¬???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
Aa:???&??yyyy?????Ayyyµyyy :??u?????&?
?MathType??????u?th??????aea 0(t) — iioi/ia cia/aiiy iiaa?oiaai
eiioeaio?aoei iiaiaioia o iniiaiiio noaii; 1(t) iioi/ia cia/aiiy
iiaa?oiaai eiioeaio?aoei iiaiaioia o iaeiicaoaeaeaiiio noaii; n(t)
iioi/ia cia/aiiy iiaa?oiaai eiioeaio?aoei iiaiaioia o n-caoaeaeaiee
noai; d (t) iioi/ia cia/aiiy iiaa?oiaai eiioeaio?aoei c?oeiiaaiiai
iiaiaioo; — iioaineaiinoue iioieia eaaioia, yei iiaeeiathoueny iaeiith
iieaeoeith iiaiaioo; 1, 2, … n — iioaineaiinoue ia?aoiaeo iiaiaioo ic
caoaeaeaiiai noaio a iniiaia, c aeai/i caoaeaeaiiai noaio a
iaeiicaoaeaeaiee i o.ae.; — iioaineaiinoue ia?aoiaeo iiaiaioo a
c?oeiiaaiee noai o i?enooiinoi eenith; k — iioaineaiinoue ia?aoiaeo
iiaiaioo ic c?oeiiaaiiai noaio a iniiaiee (aiaeiiaeaiiy).
?iaiyiiy aeey noaoeiiia?iiai noaio.
Ia iniiai io?eiaii noaie, a?aoiaoth/e oni noaie, a yeeo iiaea
ciaoiaeeoenue iiaiaio, i aaee/eie, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue eiaeiee ia?aoiae
ic iaeiiai noaio a iioee, aoea io?eiaia nenoaia aeeoa?aioeieieo
?iaiyiue, yea iiaiinoth iieno i?ioean oioiaeano?oeoeaiiai ieeneaiiy
iiaiaioia o aoaeue-yeee iiiaio /ano. Ae?ioea nenoaio aeey noaoeiiia?iiai
noaio, ie aecia/eee caeaaeiinoue aiinoo iiaiaioia aiae iioaineaiinoi
naioea i?e ?iciie eieueeinoi eaaioia, ui i?ecaiaeyoue aei
oioiaeano?oeoei iiaiaioia. ?iaiyiiy ia aeaeyae:
wmetafile8? ??¤ ???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
@ D???&??yyyy?????Ay»y`Du???&?
?MathType?????u????????????-?????¦U???¦o
???¦”%???¦^0???¦6???¦I@???8E???8a???8…$??
?8O/???u?th??????aea n — eieueeinoue eaaioia, iaeii/anii
iiaeeiaieo iieaeoeith iiaiaioo, yei i?ecaiaeyoue eiai aei ?oeioaaiiy.
Ia’aeioth/e eiaoioeiioe, yei noiyoue ia?aae io?eiaii:
wmetafile8? ??P???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
?@???&??yyyy?????Ay«y?+???&?
?MathType??p???u????????????-?????=???u???u?th??????
Aiaeic ?iaiyiiy. Aiaeic ae?aco aeey (i?e aoaeue-yeeo n) iieaco, ui i?e
0, = iao. Aeoiaeeoue, ui i?e iecueeeo cia/aiiyo iioieo eaaioia,
aeecueeeo aei ioeueiaeo, aiino iiaiaioo iaeneiaeueiee i aeecueei aei
aaee/eie iao o. iao. Aaee/eia iao aeaeiniaoeeoi/iith aaee/eiith,
iiaea aooe aaaeeeaith oic?ieiai/iith oa?aeoa?enoeeith aeaiiai aeaeo
aiaei?inoae ? iieacaoe iaeneiaeueii iiaeeeaee aiino iiaiaioia o eeioeii.
A eiiaoe/iiio cia/aiii oey aaee/eia aiaeiioaiiyi oaeaeeinoae neioaco
iiaiaioo aei noia?ii oaeaeeinoi neioaco anio eeioeiieo no?oeoo?.
Iiaeeeai, oea niiaaiaeiioaiiy aaiaoe/ii caeeaaeaii a eeioeii, ia ui
aeaco aeieeaaeia aea/aiiy iaoaiiciia aiineioaco iiaiaioia, ia?aoiaeo
oi?i oei?ioieo oa eiai cae/aeiiai iaiiaeaiiy (Aaa?eia, 1988).
?aaeueii iao aeinyaoe oa aeii?yoe iaiiaeeeai, oiio ui neioac iiaiaioia
aiaeaoaaoueny ia naioei, yeee iaeii/anii aeano?oeoaioii iiaiaioia.
Io?eiaii ?iaiyiiy ni?aaaaeeeai eeoa aeey iioieo eaaioia naioea, yei
ia?aaeuothoue eiiiainaoeieiee ioieo oioineioaco, ine?eueee aiie
aeaaaeaii aeey noaoeiiia?ieo oiia, yei ia aeeiiothoueny aeey ii?iiiiaiue
ieae/a eiiiainaoeieiiai ioieoo.
I?e , iao k /(k + ). Oaeei /eiii, ci caieueoaiiyi cia/aiiy iioieo
eaaioia naioea, aiino iiaiaioia o aiiiani eeioei iaaea aei iiiiiaeueii
aaee/eie min = iao k / (k + ). Oea ni?aaaaeeeai aeey aoaeue-yeeo
cia/aiue n, oiio ui ic caaaeueiiai ?iaiyiiy aeaeii, ui i?e aenieeo
iioaineaiinoyo naioea () aecia/aoueny aiaeiioaiiyi eiaoioeiioia, yei
noiyoue ia?aae . Iiiiiaeueiee aiino iiaiaioia (min) aecia/aoueny
iinoieieie k i , yei ii nooi aiaeia?aaeathoue i?ioeane ?oeioaaiiy oa
aiaeaoaeiae iiaiaioia i?e oioiaeano?oeoeaiiio ieeneaiii.
?iaiyiiy aeey ianoaoeiiia?iiai noaio.
Aiaeicoth/e aeiaaeie, eiee neioac iiaiaioia ia aiaeaoaaoueny, aoei
io?eiaii ?iaiyiiy aeey iaeiieaaioiaiai iaoaiicio oioiaeano?oeoei
iiaiaioia, yea ia aeaeyae:
= A exp(r1t) + B exp(r2t) + C (2.2)
aea — aiaeiiniee aiino iiaiaioia o aiiiani eeioei; A, B, C, r1, r2
ia’aeiaii eiaoioeiioe, ui io?eiothoue naioeicaeaaeii,
oaiia?aoo?icaeaaeii oa ii. eiaoioeiioe; t /an.
?icaeyae aeaio, o?ueio i o.ae. eaaioiaeo iaoaiiciia iieacaei, ui
eiioeaai ?iaiyiiy aiae?iciythoueny eieueeinoth aeniiiaio?a i e?eai
iathoue iaeiaeiaee oa?aeoa?, oiio oei ?iaiyiiy ia ?icaeyaeaii.
Aiaeic ?iaiyiue. Aiaeic ae?aco aeey ianoaoeiiia?iiai i?ioeano iieaco,
ui: i?e t = C, oiaoi eiioeaio?aoeiy iiaiaioia cieaeooueny aei aeayei
aaee/eie = N. I?e t0, = A+B+N, oiaoi a oiiaao aeieoaaiiy neioaco
iiaiaioia i?e ioeueiaeo oei/aniaeo aiae?iceao ii?iiiiaiiy eoeueoo?e
eiioeaio?aoeiy iiaiaioia caeeoaoueny ia eieeoiueiio ?iaii.
?ICAeIE 3. IAOA?IAEE OA IAOIAeE AeINEIAeAEAIUe
Oa?aeoa?enoeea ia’eoia aeineiaeaeaiue. A aeaiie ?iaioi ia’eoii
aeineiaeaeaiiy aoee neiuei-caeaii (Oscillatoria sp.) oa /a?aiii
(Porphyridium cruentum (Ag.) Naeg.) aiaei?inoi. Oscillatoria sp.
aeaeieaia a aeueaieia?/ii /enoo eoeueoo?o eaai?aoi?ith
aeieiai-oic?ieiai/ieo oa aiae?ioiii/ieo aeineiaeaeaiue Iinoeoooo aiieiai
iiaaeaiieo ii?ia (IiAII). *a?aiii aiaei?inoi aoee io?eiaii c eieaeoei
eoeueoo? Eainueei E.I., IiAII. Iaa?oiooaaiiyi oaeiai aeai?o iineoaoaaa
oie oaeo, ui aiaei?inoi aiaeiinyoueny aei ?icieo nenoaiaoe/ieo a?oi ?
iathoue ?iciiiaiioiee iaai? oioineioaoe/ieo iiaiaioia.
Aeueaieia?/ii /enoi eoeueoo?e ae?iuoaaeenue ia na?aaeiaeui A?iiiaa i?e
neaaeiio i?e?iaeiiio inaioeaiii. Iniiaith aeey aeeaieueiiai na?aaeiaeua
aoea ia?aae/anii noa?eeiciaaia ca iaoiaeii Eainueei A.I. aiaea ic
aiaee?eoi /anoeie *i?iiai ii?y (Eainueea, 1971). Aiaei?inoi
iiaeo?eioaaee a aeniiiaioeieiie oaci ?inoo ia?iiaee/iei ?icaaaeaiiyi
niiaeeaiiai na?aaeiaeua.
Aenia?eiaioaeueii onoaiiaee, aeaea?aei naioea, aeeaieueii na?aaeiaeua.
Neiuei-caeaii aiaei?inoi ae?iuoaaee a aeeaeeueiiio na?aaeiaeui Ca??ioea
(Ieiaae/, 1970), /a?aiii — a aeeaeeueiiio na?aaeiaeui O?aieaioo
(O?aieaioo, 1981). Aeey ae?iuoaaiiy iie?iaiaei?inoae aeei?enoiaoaaee
eoeueoeaaoi? c ?aaeoi?aie ieinei-ia?aeaeueiiai oeio c ?iai/ith oiaueiith
oa?o noniaici 1 ni., a oiiaao oeieiaeiaiaiai inaioeaiiy eaiiith
Ae?E-400. Iioaineaiinoue naioea (aenia?eiaio ?1 c Oscillatora sp.) a
?icieo oi/eao ia iiaa?oii ?aaeoi?a (5060 ni.) eieeaaeany aiae 10 aei 15
eee, o na?aaeiueiio neeaaeath/e 12 eee aeey ?aaeoi?a 1 i 13.5 eee — aeey
?aaeoi?a 2. O aenia?eiaioi ?2 c P. cruentum oa ?3 c Oscillatora sp.
iioaineaiinoue naioea aoea ?iaia 12 eee. Aeii?thaaiiy iioaineaiinoi
naioea i?iaiaeeee ca iaoiaeeeith, yea iienaia a ?iaioi (*o?eeiaa, 1992).
?iaiiii?ia ia?aiiooaaiiy noniaici aiaei?inoae o ?aaeoi?i aiaeaoaaeiny
oeyoii aa?aaoe?oaaiiy iiaio?y ca aeiiiiiaith eiii?ani?iii onoaiiaee (0.5
e. iiaio?y ia 1 e. eoeueoo?e ca 1 oa.). Aeey P.cruentum caeienithaaeanue
iiaea/a NI2 (3 % aiae ia’io iiaio?y).
Iaoiaee iinoaiiaee aenia?eiaioia. Aiaei?inoi ae?iuoaaee, aeei?enoiaoth/e
iaoiae aacia?a?aiiai eoeueoeaoaaiiy (Oa?neia, Aeoaeuecii, 1967). Iiney
noaaieicaoei iioe/ii aonoeie noniaici aiaei?inoi aoee ia?aaaaeaii a
aacacioia na?aaeiaeua. Aeey oeueiai 1,2 eio?a noniaici Oscillatoria sp.
aoei aiaeoeaio?eooaiaaii (20 oa. i?e 3000 ia./oa.), a io?eiaio ianoo
aoei caeeoi ia?aae/anii iiaeaioiaeaiei na?aaeiaeuai Ca??ioea aac
aeaea?aea acioo (NaNO3) oiai ae ia’io. Aiaei?inoi o aacacioiiio
na?aaeiaeui aoei ?iceeoi o aeaa ?aaeoi?e ii 600 ie. Oeae ia’i
iiaeo?eioaaany aeenoeeueiaaiith aiaeith i?ioyaii anueiai aenia?eiaioo. O
ae?oaiio aenia?eiaioi aiaei?inoi aoee ia?aaaaeaii a na?aaeiaeua aac
aeaea?aea oinoi?o (KH2 PO4) oaeei /eiii ye i o ia?oiio aeinaiaei.
Aiaeiai/ii i /a?aiii aiaei?inoi (ia’i 2.5 e.) aoee ia?aaaaeaii a
na?aaeiaeua O?aieaioo aac NaNO3. Noniaicith P.cruentum o aacacioiiio
na?aaeiaeui aoei ?icaeieaii ia o?e /anoeie. Aeai /anoeie ia’iii ii 1 e.
aoei ?iceeoi a aeaa ?aaeoi?e, ui inaioethaaeeny oeieiaeiaiai. O?aoth
/anoeio, ia’iii 0.5 e., ia?aiiuaii o oai?yao.
A aenia?eiaioi ? 1 c Oscillatoria sp ia aeaaaeoeaoue ia?oee aeaiue
aeinaiaeo a eiaeiee ?aaeoi? aoei aianaii ii?oeith NaNO3 (1.25a.), ic
?ic?aooieo 2.5 a. ia eio? eoeueoo?e.
Iaoiaeeea i?iaaaeaiiy aiaeicia. Eiaeiee aeaiue i?iaiaeeeenue
aeii?thaaiiy ?I ca aeiiiiiaith oiiaa?naeueiiai iiiiiao?a YA-74 i
oaiia?aoo?e. Aiino iiaiaioia o eeioeiao aecia/aee ca iioe/iith aonoeiith
eoeueoo?e, c iii?aaeith ia ianiaoeeoi/ia iiaeeiaiiy i?e aeiaaeeii oaeei
750 ii. Iioe/ia aonoeia aecia/aeanue ca aeiiiiiaith niaeo?ioioiiao?a
“Specord UV-VIS”(Karl Zeis, Aa?iaiiy). Ne?o aiiiano aiaei?inoae a
noniaici aecia/aee ca aaee/eiith aonoeie inaaeea eeioei iiney
oeaio?eooaoaaiiy. Aeey oeueiai o niaoeiaeueii aeaioiaeaii i?iai?ee c
ii?iei eaiiey?ii caeeaaee aecia/aiee ia’i noniaici aiaei?inoae,
oeaio?eooaoaaee (10 oa. i?e 2000 ia./ oa.), iioii ii?yee ia’i inaaeea a
eaiiey?iie aeieueieoei i?iai?ee i ?ic?aoiaoaaee aiino ne?i aiiiane (a/e)
noniaici, i?eeiath/e aonoeio aiaei?inoae ?iaiith aonoeii aiaee. Iioe/ia
aonoeia eoeueoo?e i?e aeiaaeeii oaeei 750 ii ciaoiaeeoueny a i?yiie
caeaaeiinoi aiae aonoioe eeioei o noniaici. Ca aeiiiiiaith i?ia?aie, a
yeie ?aaeiciaaii iaoiae iieii?aeeiaoiiai nioneo ia IAAI, aoee aecia/aii
eiaoioeiioe caeaaeiinoi aeey Oscillatoria sp. (0.098) oa aeey
P.cruentum (0.0275).
A onio o?ueio aeineiaeao iinoieieie caeeoaeenue oaiia?aoo?a i pH (t=181
oC, pH=7.50.5 aeey P. cruentum oa t=282 oC, pH=100.5 aeey Oscillatoria
sp.).
?ICAeIE 4. ?ACOEUeOAOE AeINEIAeAEAIUe
Iien aenia?eiaioaeueieo e?eaeo
Noaoeiiia?iee i?ioean
O aeaiiio ia?aa?aoi aoa c?iaeaiee ia?aoiae aiae caeaaeiinoi aiae aei
caeaaeiinoi aiae iiaa?oiaaiai inaioeaiiy (E0) o ?iaiyiii aeey
noaoeiiia?iiai noaio:
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?aea a1 a2 b1 b2 b3 c1 c2 c3 c4 ia’aeiaii iinoieii eiaoioeiioe.
Oaeei /eiii, io?eiaii ?iaiyiiy (4.1) — (4.3), a yeeo aecia/aii
caeaaeiinoue aiinoo iiaiaioia aiae iioaineaiinoi naioea aeey iaeii-
aeaio- oa o?ueioeaaioiaiai iaoaiicio oioiaeano?oeoei.
Iiaeeeainoue iaeii/aniiai iiaeeiaiiy /ioe?ueio, i’yoe i o.ae. eaaioia
naioea iieaeoeith iiaiaioo aeoaea iaea. Oiio oei aeiaaeee ia
?acaeyaeaii.
Io?eiaii ?iaiyiiy (4.1) — (4.3) ni?aaaaeeeai aeey i?ioeano, yeee
i?ioiea a noaoeiiia?ieo oiiaao, oiio ie aeei?enoaeenue
aenia?eiaioaeueieie aeaieie, io?eiaieie a aacia?a?aiiio ?aaeeii
ae?iuoaaiiy eeioei, i?e yeiio noaaieicoaaeanue iioe/ia aonoeia noniaici
iie?iaiaei?inoae. Aeaii aoee acyoi c ?iaioe O?aieaioo e ae?. (1981) aeey
ii?nueei iie?iaiaei?inoi Platymonas viridis Rouch. A aenia?eiaioi
canoiniaoaaee uieueiinoaoiee iaoiae eoeueoeaoaaiiy (Oa?neia, Aeoaeuecii,
1967). I?e?ino aiaei?inoae aeii?yee ii aaee/eii iioe/ii aonoeie a
/a?aiiie iaeanoi niaeo?o (D680), yea oa?aeoa?eco iiaeeiaiiy oei?ioieo a.
Caien niaeo?o caeienithaaee /a?ac 1-2 aiaeeie ia ?aaino?oth/iio
niaeo?ioioiiao?i. Iioii /anoeio noniaici ceeaaee e aeieeaaee
aiaeiiaiaeiei ia’iii aeeaeeueiiai na?aaeiaeua, /ei caaania/oaaeanue
noaaieicaoeiy iioe/ii aonoeie. Iiney aeinyaiaiiy noaoeiiia?iiai ?inoo
aecia/aee eiioeaio?aoeith nooi aiiiane a noniaici. Aiino oei?ioieo
?ac?aoiaoaaee ca iaoiaeeeith, yea iienaia a ?iaioi (Oeiaiei e ae?.,
1971). Aeieeaaeiee iien iaoiaeia eoeueoeaoaaiiy iie?iaiaei?inoae iiaeia
ciaeoe a ?iaioi (O?aieaioo e ae?.1981).
Neiaeoth/i aenia?eiaioaeueii aeaii, yeeie ie nei?enooaaeenue, aoee
iaaeaii iniaenoi aaoi?aie ?iaio (Caai?oaaa, Aaeyiei, 1984; Aaeyiei oa
ii., 1980; Aienoiianueeee, Aeaaa?iaiaeaee, 1982). A aeineiaeaeaiiyo
aeei?enoiaoaaeenue neiuei-caeaii i caeaii aiaei?inoi: Spirulina
platensis (Nordst.) Geitl., Synechococcus elongatus Nag oa Chlorella
vulgaris Beijer. Aeey aacia?a?aiiai ae?iuoaaiiy oeeo iie?iaiaei?inoae o
noaoeiiia?ieo oiiaao aeei?enoiaoaaeanue iaoiaeeea, yea aoea aeua iienaia
aeey Platymonas viridis.
O oeeoiaaieo i?aoeyo i?eaaaeaii aenia?eiaioaeueii aeaii caeaaeiinoi
aiae iiaa?oiaaiai ii?iiiiaiiy eeioei. Ia iniiai oeeo aeaieo aoee
io?eiaii eiaoioeiioe ?iaiyiue (4.1) — (4.3) aeey eiaeiiai aeaeo
aiaei?inoae, yei i?aaenoaaeaii a oaaeeoeyo 4.1-4.3.
Eiaoioeiioe aecia/aeenue c oiia iiiiioia na?aaeiuei eaaae?aoe/ii
iiieeee. Aeey oeueiai aeei?enoiaoaaeanue i?ia?aia, aea ?aaeiciaaii
iaoiae iieii?aeeiaoiiai nioneo.
Ic ?ic?aooieia eiaoioeiioia ?iaiyiue caeaaeiinoi aiaeiiniiai aiinoo
oei?ioieo a aiae ii?iiiiaiiy oa ic cinoaaeaiiy aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo
c oai?aoe/ieie e?eaeie aeaeii, ui iiaeaeeth, yea iaeaieueo oi/ii iieno
aenia?eiaioaeueii aeaii, iiaeaeue aea a iniiai eaaeeoue iaoaiici
oioiaeano?oeoeaiiai ieeneaiiy iiaiaioia i?e iiaeeiaiii aeaio eaaioia
naioea (iae. 4.1).
Oaaeeoey 4.1
Eiaoioeiioe, yei ?ic?aoiaaii ca ?iaiyiiyi (4.1).
Aeaeiaa EiaoioeiioeIiieeeaiaeaaeiinoueiao,
%a1a2E1Chlorella4.941.510—3 3.3210—20.063Platymonas1.997.110—32.1110—20.
063Synechococcus1.824.6310—32.1410—20.810—2Spirulina 2.69.610—33.110—22.
410—3Oaaeeoey 4.2
Eiaoioeiioe, yei ?ic?aoiaaii ca ?iaiyiiyi (4.2).
Aeaeiaa EiaoioeiioeIiieeeaiaeaaeiinoueiao,
%b1b2b3E2Chlorella3.27 1.9710—34.1810—53.1610—43.110—2Platymonas21.510—2
4.410—41.110—33.110—2Synechococcus1.086.710—42.710—56.310—55.910—3Spirul
ina1.933.9910—313410—42.8710—41.0210—2Oaaeeoey 4.3
Eiaoioeiioe, yei ?ic?aoiaaii ca ?iaiyiiyi (4.3).
Aeaeiaa
EiaoioeiioeIiieeeaiaeaaeiinoueiao,%c1c2c3c4E3Chlorella2.81.7310—31.410—5
7.110—73.7310—60.310—1Platymonas1.869.1510—28.1210—43.210—57.4410—50.310
—1Synechococcus0.931.7710—42.310—91.1210—72.1110—70.01Spirulina1.784.451
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?pybqybwybyb„yc?yc Iae.4.1 Caeaaeiinoue aiaeiiniiai aiinoo oei?ioieo a a nooie aiiiani a) Spirulina platensis, b) Synechococcus; c) Chlorella vulgaris, d) Platymonas viridis aiae iiaa?oiaai inaioeaiinoi. E?eaa 1 - ?ic?aooiie ca ?iaiyiiyi (4.1), 2 - ca ?iaiyiiyi (4.2), 3 - ca ?iaiyiiyi (4.3). Ianoaoeiiia?iee i?ioean A oiiaao aeeaieiai eiiiooaaiiy ii acioo iieacaii, ui ?oeioaaiiy iiaiaioia i?ioiaeeoue oieueee i?e naioei i oaeaeeinoue ?oeioaaiiy caeaaeeoue aiae iioaneaiinoi naioea. Aiaeic eiiaoeee aeoeaioaiiy iiaiaioia aeicaiey caeeth/eoe, ui i?e iaaeinoa/i iiia?aeueieo eiiiiiaioia a aeeaeeueiiio na?aaeiaeui aeeeeea no?oeoo?ii-ooieoeiiiaeueio ia?aaoaeiao oioineioaoe/iiai aia?aoo ye o /a?aiieo aiaei?inoae, oa i o neiuei-caeaieo. I?e aeeaieiio eiiiooaaiii ii acioo a eeioeiao oeiaiiaaeoa?ie niinoa?iaaoueny aeineoue aea iiaia ?oeioaaiiy iiaiaioia, oo?eioth/eo acio. I?e/iio oaeaeeinoue ?oeioaaiiy oieiaieiiia aeua, iiae oei?ioieia (Iae. 4.2.,4.3.). Iiaeeeai, oea iia’ycaii c oei, ui oieiaieiie iiaeooue aeeiioaaoe ?ieue caianieo ?a/iaei (Boussiba, 1980; Kana, 1987; Dupre, 1994) i i?e iaaeinoa/i iiia?aeueieo eiiiiiaioia a na?aaeiaeui aeei?enoaiiy iaaeinoaoiio aeaiaioia, eio?i aoiaeyoue a ninoaa oieiaieiiia, oyaia ca niaith ?aneioac oieiaieiiia. Ia iniiai aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo aoee io?eiaii eiaoioeiioe ?iaiyiue aeey eiaeiiai aeaeo aiaei?inoae, eio?i i?eaaaeaii a oaaeeoei 4.4. Ia iaethieo 4.2. iieacaii aiaeiiaiaeiinoue oai?aoe/ieo i aenia?eiaioaeueieo e?eaeo. Eiaoioeiioe aeey onio ?ic?aooieia aecia/aeenue c oiia iiiiioia na?aaeiuei eaaae?aoe/ii iiieeee. Iaaeinoa/a oinoi?o oaeiae i?eaiaeeoue aei cieaeaiiy eiioeaio?aoei iiaiaioia (Oeiaiei, 1971). Aea ae ia aiaeiiio aeiaaeeo c acioii, ?oeioaaiiy iiaiaioia aiaeaoaaoueny cia/ii iiaieueiioa. Iieacaii, ui ?oeioaaiiy iiaiaioia i?e aeeaieiio eiiiooaaiii ii acioo aiaeaoaaoueny iaeaea a o?e ?ace oaeaeoa, iiae i?e eiiioao ii oinoi?o. Iiaeeeai, oaea ?aaeoeiy iiaiaioii nenoaie iia’ycaia c oei, ui oinoi?, ye aiaeiii, ia ieanoe/iei iaoa?iaeii aeey neioaco iiaiaioia. Aiaei?inoi caeaoii iaeiie/oaaoe oinoaoe a aeaeyaei eioinoaoieo a?aioe, i iaeiie/aiee oinoi? caaacia/o aiaei?inoi ia oie ia?iiae, eiee eiai ciaiioiy eiioeaio?aoeiy noa iaaeinoaoiueith (Naoo, Oeooee, 1990).. I/aaeaeii, ui i?e iaaeinoa/i oinoi?a aoaea nieaeoaaoenue aoaeoeaiinoue iaoaaieicio niieo/aiue, yei iio?aaothoue aaeeei eieueeinoi AOO, iai?eeeaae, neioac ea?aoeiiaeia. Oaeei /eiii, a oiiaao iaaeinoa/i o aeeaeeueiiio na?aaeiaeui iiia?aeueieo eiiiiiaioia niinoa?iaaoueny cieaeaiiy eiioeaio?aoei iiaiaioia a eeioeiao iie?iaiaei?inoae ca ?aooiie cieaeaiiy oaeaeeinoi neioaco iiaiaioia i ?oeioaaiiy iiaiaioia iiae aeith naioea, i?e/iio oaeaeeinoue ?oeioaaiiy caeaaeeoue aiae iioaineaiinoi naioea. O oai?yai ?oeioaaiiy iiaiaioia ia aiaeaoaaoueny, oiio ui naia naioei iniiaiei aeano?oeoaioii ?ineeiieo iiaiaioia. Oaaeeoey 4.4 Eiaoioeiioe, yei ?ic?aoiaaii ca ?iaiyiiyi (2.2) Aeaeiaa EiaoioeiioeIiieeeaiaeaaeiinoueAr1Br2CE1?aaeoi? 1, oieioeiaieie (D620)0.170.1863.1430.1940.110.410—4 oei?ioiee (D680)2.190.1920.50.980.1230.023Oscillatoria sp.?aaeoi? 2, oieioeiaieie (D620)0.1790.2213.090.270.150.310—4 oei?ioiee (D680)0.620.212.350.10.090.1110—2?aaeoi? 1, oieia?io?eie (D570)1.5-2.681.065-0.0660.60.1 oei?ioiee (D680)P. cruentum1.2-1.690.69-0.0660.80.1 ?aaeoi? 2, oieia?io?eie (D570)1.755-2.371.09-0.0680.70.3 oei?ioiee (D680)0.53-2.8530.85-0.0640.70.1 wmetafile8? ??AP??B???????? ? ???u???? ?????"????-?????ue???????????-???? ????Je???U%???? ???u?????????"????-????%?+oeux?eu???????%?‘o”u‘oeu???%? /o”u/oeu???%?”ueu???%?Ao”uAoeu???%?'oe”u'oeeu???%?Iae.4.2. Ciiithaaiiy iioe/ii aonoeie noniaici iie?iaiaei?inoae iiney ia?aianaiiy eeioei a na?aaeiaeua aac acioo. Aeey Oscillatoria sp. ia 21-e aeaiue a aeeaeeueia na?aaeiaeua aoea aianaia ii?oeiy NaNO3 (2.5 a/e). Oai?aoe/ii e?eai ?ic?aooiie ca ?iaiyiiyi (2.2). Eiaoioeiioe ?iaiyiiy iiaeaii a oaaeeoei 4.4. wmetafile8? ??»??X???????? ? ???u???? ?????"????-?????ue???????????-???? ????
???c$x???? ???u?????????"????-????%?+oeux?eu???????%?‘o”u‘oeu???%? /o”u/oeu???%?”ueu???%?Ao”uAoeu???%?'oe”u'oeeu???%?I k???%?PIPk??? ????uA?E????????ue??????????-?????????UO ????ue???????? ??-?????????Y O???ue??????????-?????????·A| ???ue??????????-?????????x‡= L???ue??????????-?????????NI– ’???ue??????????-?????????O O???ue??????????-????????????-????UO ????-???? 9thO???-????oA????-????Oe‡›L???-????’IW ’???-????s8O???-????? Iae.4.3. Ciiithaaiiy iioe/ii aonoeie (aaniethoii iaeeieoei) noniaici Oscillatoria sp. iiney ia?aianaiiy eeioei a na?aaeiaeua aac acioo (A) i oinoi?o (A). INIIAII ?ACOEUeOAOE OA AENIIAEE 1. Cai?iiiiiaaii oiciieiai/iee iaoaiici, aeicaieyth/ee iiynieoe ciiio eiioeaio?aoei iiaiaioia a ?ineeiieo eeioeiao iiae aeith naioea. A iniiao iaoaiicio eaaeeoue oyaeaiiy i?i neioac i oioiaeano?oeoeith iiaiaioia. 2. Ca aeiiiiiaith oai?i ianiaiai ianeoaiaoaaiiy noai?aii iaoaiaoe/io iiaeaeue caeaaeiinoi eieueeinoi iiaiaioia a ?ineeiieo eeioeiao aiae aieeao /eiieeia ciaiioiueiai na?aaeiaeua, ca aeiiiiiaith yei iiaeia i?iaiicoaaoe iiaaaeiieo iiaiaioii nenoaie i?e ciiii iioaineaiinoi naioea, eiioeaio?aoei aiiaaiieo aeaiaioia i o.ae. 3. Io?eiaii ?iaiyiiy caeaaeiiai aiae naioea aiinoo iiaiaioia aeey noaoeiiia?iiai i?ioeano eoeueoeaoaaiiy iie?iaiaei?inoae i ?ic?aoiaaii eiaoioeiioe io?eiaieo ?iaiyiue aeey ?iciiiaiioieo nenoaiaoe/ieo a?oi iie?iaiaei?inoae. Eiaoioeiioe ianooue aiieiai/ia cia/aiiy i iiaeooue aeei?enoiaoaaoenue aeey oa?aeoa?enoeee aeaea. 4. ?ic?iaeaii aeeiaii/io iiaeaeue oioiaeano?oeoeaiiai ieeneaiiy iiaiaioia. Io?eiaii ?iaiyiiy i ?ic?aoiaaii eiaoioeiioe aeey /a?aiieo i neiuei-caeaieo iie?iaiaei?inoae. 5. Aeiaaaeaii, ui ?iaiyiiy, yei iienothoue oi?io caeaaeiinoi aiaeiiniiai aiinoo iiaiaioia aiae iioaineaiinoi naioea (noaoeiiia?iee i?ioean eoeueoeaoaaiiy iie?iaiaei?inoae), iiaeiii iaoe iiiiioi o?e eiaoioeiioa. 6. Aeieacaii, ui aeeiaiiea oioiaeano?oeoeaiiai ieeneaiiy iiaiaioia noooai caeaaeeoue aiae ?iaiy caaacia/aiiy eeioei acioii i oinoi?ii. 7. Aeyaeaii, ui i?e iaaeinoa/i iiia?aeueiiai oa?/oaaiiy oieiaieiiiai iiaiaioe ?oeiothoueny oaeae/a, iiae oei?ioiee. NIENIE ?IAIO, IIOAEIEIAAIEO CA OAIITH AeENA?OAOeI 1. O?aieaioo ?.I., Aaai?aec ?.A. Iaoaiaoe/aneay iiaeaeue naaoicaaeneiiai niaea?aeaiey ieaiaioia a iee?iaiaei?ineyo / Ei-o aeie.thae.ii?ae IAI Oe?aeiu.- Naaanoiiieue, 1995. - 12 n. - (I?ai?eio) 2. O?aieaioo ?.I., Aaai?aec ?.A. I?eiaiaiea o?aaiaiee naaoicaaeneiiai niaea?aeaiey ieaiaioia a ?anoeoaeueiuo eeaoeao aeey iienaiey yenia?eiaioaeueiuo e?eauo / Ei-o aeie. thae. ii?ae IAI Oe?aeiu.- Naaanoiiieue, 1996.- 12n.- (I?ai?eio) 3. Gevorgiz R.G. Light-dependent pigment concentration in plants // 31 European Marine Biology Symp.: Progr. and Abstr. - St.Peterburg, 1996. - P. 52. 4. Aaai?aec ?.A. Naaoicaaeneiia niaea?aeaiea ieaiaioia a iee?iaiaei?ineyo. Ianoaoeeiia?iue i?ioeann // Aeueaieiaey. - 1998. - O. 8, No. 1. - N. 69-74. 5. O?aieaioo ?.I., Aaai?aec ?.A. Naaoicaaeneiia niaea?aeaiea ieaiaioia a iee?iaiaei?ineyo. Iiaeaeue. Oai?aoe/aneay /anoue // Aeueaieiaey. - 1998. - O. 8, No. 2. - N.170-177. 6. O?aieaioo ?.I., Aaai?aec ?.A. Naaoicaaeneiia niaea?aeaiea ieaiaioia a iee?iaiaei?ineyo. Noaoeeiia?iue i?ioeann // Aeueaieiaey. - 1998. - O. 8, No. 3. - N. 273-277. Aaai?aic ?.A. Iiaeaeue naacieaaeiiai aiinoo iiaiaioia o iie?iaiaei?inoyo. - ?oeiien. Aeena?oaoeiy ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa aiieiai/ieo iaoe ca niaoeiaeueiinoueth 03.00.17 - aiae?iaiieiaiy. - Iinoeooo aiieiai iiaaeaiieo ii?ia IAI Oe?aie, Naaanoiiieue, 1998. I?iiiiooueny iaoaiici, yeee iiynith caeaaeiinoue eieueeinoi eeioeiieo iiaiaioia aiae iioaineaiinoi naioea o ?ineei. Iniiaith iaoaiicio oyaeaiiy i?i aeaa i?ioeeaaeieo i?ioeane, yei aecia/athoue eiioeaio?aoeith iiaiaioia a eeioeii: neioac i ?oeioaaiiy iiaiaioia iiae aeith naioea. ?ic?iaeaii iaoaiaoe/io iiaeaeue, yea iieno eieueeinoue iiaiaioia a ?ineeiieo eeioeiao c o?aooaaiiyi oioiaeano?oeoeaieo i?ioeania. Io?eiaii ?iaiyiiy caeaaeiinoi eieueeinoi iiaiaioia a aiiiani iie?iaiaei?inoae aiae iiaa?oiaai inaioeaiinoi. ?iaiyiiy canoiniaaii aeey iieno naioeicaeaaeiiai aiinoo iiaiaioia a eeioeiao iie?iaiaei?inoae ?iciiiaiioieo nenoaiaoe/ieo a?oi. Io?eiaii eiaoioeiioe ?iaiyiue. Iieacaii aa?ia niiaaiaeiioaiiy aenia?eiaioaeueieo i oai?aoe/ieo aeaieo. Io?eiaii ?iaiyiiy, yei iienothoue aeeiaiieo eieueeinoi iiaiaioia a ?ineeiieo eeioeiao i?e aeieoaaiii neioaco iiaiaioia iaaeinoa/ath eiiiiiaioia iiia?aeueiiai oa?/oaaiiy. ?iaiyiiy canoiniaaii aeey iieno eiioeaio?aoei iiaiaioia a eeioeiao /a?aiieo i neiuei-caeaieo iie?iaiaei?inoae i?e aeeaieiio acioiiio eiiiooaaiii. Eeth/aai neiaa: iiaiaio, oioiaeano?oeoeiy, iiaeaeue, acio, iie?iaiaei?inoi. Aaai?aec ?.A. Iiaeaeue naaoicaaeneiiai niaea?aeaiey ieaiaioia a iee?iaiaei?ineyo. - ?oeiienue. Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa aeieiae/aneeo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 03.00.17 - aeae?iaeieiaey. - Einoeooo aeieiaee oaeiuo ii?ae IAI Oe?eiu, Naaanoiiieue, 1998. I?aaeeiaeai iaoaieci, iauyniythuee caaeneiinoue niaea?aeaiey eeaoi/iuo ieaiaioia io eioaineaiinoe naaoa a ?anoaieyo. Iniiaie iaoaiecia yaeyaony i?aaenoaaeaiea i aeaoo i?ioeaiiieiaeieo i?ioeannao, ii?aaeaeythueo eiioeaio?aoeeth ieaiaioia a eeaoea: neioac e ?ac?ooaiea ieaiaioia iiae aeaenoaeai naaoa. ?ac?aaioaia iaoaiaoe/aneay iiaeaeue, iienuaathuay niaea?aeaiea ieaiaioia a ?anoeoaeueiuo eeaoeao n o/aoii oioiaeano?oeoeaiuo i?iioeannia. Iieo/aiu o?aaiaiey caaeneiinoe niaea?aeaiey ieaiaioia a aeiianna iee?iaiaei?ineae io iiaa?oiinoiie inaauaiiinoe. O?aaiaiey i?eiaiaiu aeey iienaiey naaoicaaeneiiai niaea?aeaiey ieaiaioia a eeaoeao iee?iaiaei?ineae ?acee/iuo nenoaiaoe/aneeo a?oii. Ii?aaeaeaiu eiyooeoeeaiou iieo/aiiuo o?aaiaiee. Iieacaii oi?ioaa niioaaonoaea yenia?eiaioaeueiuo e oai?aoe/aneeo aeaiiuo. Iieo/aiu o?aaiaiey, iienuaathuea aeeiaieeo niaea?aeaiey ieaiaioia a ?anoeoaeueiuo eeaoeao i?e aeiee?iaaiee neioaca ieaiaioia iaaeinoaoeii eiiiiiaioia ieia?aeueiiai ieoaiey. O?aaiaiey i?eiaiaiu aeey iienaiey niaea?aeaiey ieaiaioia a eeaoeao e?aniuo e neia-caeaiuo iee?iaiaei?ineae i?e aeoaieii acioiii eeieoe?iaaiee. Eeth/aaua neiaa: ieaiaio, oioiaeano?oeoeey, iiaeaeue, acio, iee?iaiaei?inee. Gevorgiz R.G. Model of light-dependent pigment concentration in microalgae cells. - Manuscript. Thes is for a doctor’s degree by cpeciality 03.00.17 - hydrobiology. -Institute of Biology Southern Seas, Sevastopol, 1998. Pigments cellular concentration on light intensity dependence mechanism in plants is proposed. The basis of this mechanism is theory of interaction of 2 opposite processes determining concentration of pigments in the cell that are: synthesis and destruction of pigments under light influence. Mathematic model describing pigments concentration in plant cells taking into account photodestructive processes is developed. Equations for pigments microalgae biomass concentrations dependence from surface illumination intensity are obtained. They were used for description of photodependent pigment concentration kinetics in microalgae cells of various taxonomic origin. Coefficients were determined for obtained equations. Perfect coincidence of experimental and theoretical data were shown. Equations were obtained for description of pigments concentration kinetics in algae cells under pigments synthesis inhibition by the lack of mineral nutrients. Equations were used for description of pigments concentration kinetics in cells of red and blue-green microalgae under severe nitrogen limitation. Keywords: pigment, photdestruction, model, nitrogen, microalgae
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