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EE?ANUeEEE IAOe?IIAEUeIEE AEIIII?*IEE OI?AA?NEOAO

Eieio Aiaoie?e Ieoaeeiae/

OAeE 658.32

I?AAI?CAOe?EII-AEIIII?*IEE IAOAI?CI

?AAOETHAAIIss CA?IA?OII? IEAOE

? OEssOE EIAI AAeINEIIAEAIIss

(ia iaoa??aeao i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa Oe?a?ie)

Niaoe?aeuei?noue 08.06.01 – Aeiiii?ea
i?aei?e?inoaa ?

i?aai?caoe?y ae?iaieoeoaa

AAOI?AOA?AO

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai
nooiaiy

aeieoi?a aeiiii?/ieo iaoe

Ee?a 1998

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien

?iaioo aeeiiaii ia eaoaae?? oi?aae?iiy o?oaeiaeie ?ano?naie Ee?anueeiai
iaoe?iiaeueiiai aeiiii?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo I?iina?oe Oe?a?ie

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, aeaaeai?e AI
aeui? oeiee Oe?a?ie

Iie?iieaiee Na?a?e Oaaei?iae/,

Ee?anueeee iaoe?iiaeueiee aeiiii?/iee oi?aa?neoao, i?ioani?-eiinoeueoaio
eaoaae?e aeiiii?ee i?aei?e?inoa;

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?

Aiiaea? ?ioa?ia Eanyi?aia,

Iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee aeiiii?/iee ?inoeooo I?i?noa?noaa aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie,
caa?aeoaa/ a?aeae?eo i?iaeai i?aoe?, iie?oeee aeioiae?a ? nioe?aeueiiai
caoenoo ianaeaiiy;

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe

E?aaiiaa Aeea Ia?eai?aia,

?aaea ii aea/aiith i?iaeoeoeaieo nee Oe?a?ie IAI Oe?a?ie, caa?aeoaa/
a?aeae?eo ethaenueeiai ?icaeoeo

?inoeooo aeiiii?ee IAI Oe?a?ie, a?aeae?e aeiiii?ee i?aoe? ? caeiyoino?
ianaeaiiy, i. Ee?a

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “18 “ _a?oaeiy_ 1998 ?. i 14 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 26.006.04 a Ee?anueeiio
iaoe?iiaeueiiio aeiiii?/iiio oi?aa?neoao? ca aae?anith: 252057, i.Ee?a,
i?. Ia?aiiae, 54/1, aoae. 214

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? Ee?anueeiai
iaoe?iiaeueiiai aeiiii?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ca aae?anith: 252057, i.Ee?a,
i?. Ia?aiiae, 54/1.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “16 “ _eenoiiaaea1998 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee,

eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
I.N.Oaaeii?i

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeine?aeaeaiiy. C-iii?ae i?iaeai, aaciina?aaeiuei
iia’ycaieo ?c a?aeaoaeiaith aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie, ?? o?ainoi?iaoe??th ia
?eieiaeo canaaeao, aeiyoeiai aaaeeeaa ?ieue iaeaaeeoue oi?ioaaiith iiaeo
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei o noa?? i?aoe?, yea aoea e
caeeoa?oueny iniiaith nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo. I?ia?aeiith
neeaaeiaith o?oaeiaeo a?aeiinei ? o?, ui iia’ycai? c ?ioa?anaie ?oi?o
noa’?eo?a, iieaoith i?aoe? iaeiaieo i?aoe?aiee?a.

Ca?ia?oia ieaoa ? iaei??th c iaeneeaaei?oeo aeiiii?/ieo eaoaai??e. ??
aeiyoeiai aaaeeeaa ?ieue o ooieoe?iioaaii? aeiiii?ee coiiaeaia oei, ui
aiia ia? iaeii/anii oa iaeiaeiai aoaeoeaii aeeiioaaoe i?eiaeii? i’youe
ooieoe?e – a?aeoai?thaaeueio, iioeaoth/o, ?aaoethth/o, nioe?aeueio e
iioei?caoe?eio. sseui ia aeeiio?oueny oi/a a iaeia ?c cacia/aieo
ooieoe?e, ca?ia?oia ieaoa, ye ia?aeiieeai na?ae/eoue a?o/eciyiee ?
ca?oa?aeiee aeina?ae, acaaae? ia?anoa? a?aeiia?aeaoe nai?io
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiio i?ecia/aiith.

Eiaeia nenoaia ainiiaea?thaaiiy ia? i?eoaiaiiee ?e
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiii-i?/iee iaoai?ci ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.
Ia?ao?ae a?ae ieaiiai? oeaio?ae?ciaaii? aeiiii?ee aei aeiiii?/ii?
nenoaie, caniiaaii? ia ?eieiaeo a?aeiineiao, iio?aao? cai?iaaaeaeaiiy
i?eioeeiiai iiaiai i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

?aoi?ioaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe a Oe?a?i? cae?enith?oueny aac iaeaaeiiai
iaoeiai-iaoiaee/iiai caaacia/aiiy. A?aeoae ia i?aeoeoe? ia noaeiny
/?oeiai ?iciaaeoaaiiy aea?aeaaiiai e aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ia a?aei?aoeueiaaii iiaeo i?aeoiae?a aei ieo,
caeeoathoueny iecueeeie ianya oa aoaeoeai?noue ?iaioe c iioei?caoe??
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia iaoe?iiaeueiiio, aaeocaaiio,
?aa?iiaeueiiio e ae?iaie/iio ??aiyo.

Iaeia c iniaeeainoae ia?ao?aeiiai ia??iaeo aei ?eieo a Oe?a?i? iieyaa? a
o?i, ui ca e?aa?ae?caoe?? nioe?aeueii-o?oaeiaeo a?aeiinei aea?aeaaa aaea
ia cae?enith? oioaeueiiai eiio?ieth ca ?ici??aie ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, a
?eieia? ?aaoeyoi?e ua ia i?aoeththoue ia iiaio neeo. Cai?noue eieeoiuei?
iica?eieiai? iiaeae? i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia ??ai? aea?aeaae
oaeoe/ii ae?? ?? iica?eieiaa iiaeaeue ia ??ai? i?aei?e?inoaa. Oea
i?ecaaei aei oiai, ui i?ioeane o noa?? iieaoe i?aoe? iaaoee noeo?eiiai,
aacnenoaiiiai, ia?aaoeueiaaiiai oa?aeoa?o.

Aeaoi?iaoe?? o noa?? iieaoe i?aoe? iaaoee oaeeo ianooaa?a ? aeeaeie, ui
noaeiny oaeoe/ia ia?aoai?aiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe o ??ciiaeae nioe?aeueii?
aeieaoe, ia iia’ycaii? c e?euee?noth, ye?noth ? ?acoeueoaoaie i?aoe?.
I?aoey ? ca?ia?oia ieaoa ye oe?ii?ni? i???ioe?e ao?a/athoue nai?
cia/aiiy, ui ?oeio? iniiae aeiiii?/iiai e nioe?aeueiiai ?icaeoeo
noni?euenoaa.

A?aenooi?noue eiioeaiooaeueii oe?e?niiai e iaoiaeieia?/ii iaa?oioiaaiiai
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe a
ia??iae o?ainoi?iaoe?? aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei a Oe?a?i? coiiaeth?
iaiao?aei?noue ? aeooaeuei?noue nenoaiiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy oe???
i?iaeaie.

Nooi?iue aeine?aeaeaiino? i?iaeaie. Iaoiaeieia?/i?, iaoiaee/i? oa
i?eeeaaei? ieoaiiy aaaaoiieaiiai? i?iaeaie ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe
caaaeaee aoee i?aaeiaoii iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue. ??ci? aniaeoe oe???
i?iaeaie ca oiia ?aoi?ioaaiiy aei-iii?ee aeine?aeaeoaaee a/ai? Oe?a?ie –
Aiae???iei A.O., Aaceethe A.A., Aiaeiy Ae.I., Aiiaea?
?.E.,Aoaooeueeee I.A.,Aaeue/einueeee A.N.,Aeaithe A.I.,Aeai’yiaiei N.?.,
?uai-ei I.N., Caa?iianueea A.O., Ee?’yi O.I., Eoe?eia A.O., Eaaoo?i
A.Ae., E?aaiiaa A.I., Eiiaiia ?.O., Eoe’yi/aiei I.Ae., Iaiaeeao?a A.I.,
Iaoiaiei I.I.,Iae?e I.E., Iia?eia A.I., Iieuaiei A.I., Ii?e??iei
A.A.,Iaaeianueea I.I., Iaee?i TH.?.,Ia-otho A.I., Ieaenia A.A.,
Iie?iieaiee N.O., ?aaaiei A.O., Oeiio??a A.I., Oo?aoeue-eee I.A.,
Oiainueeee I.I., O?eueooaei E.I., *ooii A.A. oa ?io?. I?iaeai?
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe i?enay/ai? ?iaioe a/aieo e?a?i NIAe –
Aaaee?ia E.?., Aiea?ia I.A., Aieiaa/iaa A.N., AEoeiaa A.E., Eaiono?ia
?.?. , Ea?ioo?ia Ae.I. , Eie?ia TH.I., Eieiniai? ?.I., Eino?ia E.A.,
Eoiaeuenueeiai E.A., ?aeeonueeiai A.A. , Neac?iaa?a A.A., Oeo?ei N.?.,
sseiaeaaa ?.A. oa ?ioeo.

O i?aoeyo oeeo a/aieo aeine?aeaeothoueny ci?ie a nenoai? ?iciiae?eueieo
a?aeiinei, eiinoaoothoueny iaaaoeai? i?ioeane a nioe?aeueii-o?oaeia?e
noa??, ?icaeyaeathoueny ie?ai? aniaeoe aaeineiiaeaiiy /eiiiai iaoai?cio
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe. I?ioa aeniiaee uiaei i?e/ei, ye? coiiaeee
aeaoi?iaoe?? o noa?? iieaoe i?aoe?, oa iai?yi?a ?o iiaeieaiiy ? iaaeoi
iaiaeii??aeieie, a ?iiae? iaa?oue iiey?ii i?ioeeaaeieie.

Aaaiiee aianie o ?ic?iaeo i?iaeai ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe
cae?enieee aeiiii?noe aeaeaeiai ca?oa?aeaey ( Aa?? ?., A?th N.E.,
Aaea?aeo Aeae.E., Eaein Aeae.I., Iaeeiiiaee E.?., Ia?oaee A., Ianeii
I.O., I?ao A., Naioaeuenii I., Ni?o ?.N., A?oa?ae E. oa ?io?.
Ocaaaeueithth/e i?aeoeeo ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia
iaoe?iiaeueiiio, aaeocaaiio, ?aa?iiaeueiiio ??aiyo ? a ??cieo o??iao,
oe? aaoi?e aeio?eiothoueny ??cieo iiaeyae?a, ui na?ae/eoue, ia?aaeian?i,
i?i iaiiaeeea?noue iae?eoe/iiai eii?thaaiiy ca?oa?aeiiai aeina?aeo. ?oi?
aeniiaee ia iiaeia ?icaeyaeaoe ye oi?aa?naeue-i? iaa?oue uiaei e?a?i c
?icaeiaiith ?eieiaith aeiiii?eith. E??i oiai, ye i?aaeei, o i?aoeyo
oeeo aaoi??a ia a?aeia?aaeaii niaoeeo?ee e?a?i c ia?ao?aeiith
aeiiii?eith.

Ioaea, ?nio? iaaaeueia iio?aaa i?iaeiaaeeoe aeine?aeaeaiiy oai?aoe/ieo ?
i?eeeaaeieo aniaeo?a i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ?icaeyaeath/e oeth i?iaeaio nenoaiii, c o?aooaaiiyi
iniaeeainoae ia?ao?aeiiai ia??iaeo oa no/anieo na?oiaeo oaiaeaioe?e
?icaeoeo nioe?aeueii-o?oaeiaeo a?aeiinei.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie oaiaie. Oaia aeena?oaoe?? o?nii iia’ycaia c
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieie ?iaioaie, ui i?iaiaeyoueny o Iaoeiai-aeine?aeiiio
?inoeooo? aeiiii?/ii-ai ?icaeoeo i?e Ee?anueeiio iaoe?iiaeueiiio
aeiiii?/iiio oi?aa?neoao?, cie?aia ca oaiith ? 55/793 a?ae 05.06.98?.
“I?aeaioiaea ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy aea?aeaaii-aeiaia??iiai
?aaoethaaiiy iieaoe i?aoe?”, ia eaoaae?? oi?aae?iiy o?oaeiaeie ?ano?naie
( ca oaiith “Oeyoe caaacia/aiiy aoaeoeaii? caeiyoino? ianaeaiiy Oe?a?-ie
a ia?ao?aei?e aeiiii?oe?” (?icae?e: “Iioeaaoe?y ? noeioethaaiiy i?aoe?
oa ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe”), ui ?? aeeth/aii aei
Eii?aeeiaoe?eiiai ieaio iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue c i?iaeai caeiyoino?
ianaeaiiy ? ?eieo i?aoe? Oe?a?ie ia 1996-2000 ?iee, caoaa?aeaeaiiai IAI
Oe?a?ie ? I?ii?aoe? Oe?a?ie a?ae 06.05.96 ?., a oaeiae a ?inoeooo?
aeiiii?ee IAI Oe?a?ie (ia caiiaeaiiy Aaei?i?no?aoe?? I?aceaeaioa
Oe?a?ie) ( ca oaiith ? 2/1199 a?ae 05.09.97?. “Caoeno ? oeyoe
aaeineiiaeaiiy iieaoe i?aoe?”, aeeiiaiiy yeeo cae?enith?oueny ca o/anoth
aaoi?a aeena?oaoe??.

Iaoa ? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoith aeena?oaoe?? ? iaoeiaa
iaa?oiooaaiiy iiaeo eiioeaiooaeueieo canaae uiaei no?oeoo?e oa ci?noo
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia
i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao ? ?ic?iaea ia oe?e iniia? iaoiaee/ieo ?
i?aeoe/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e, ni?yiiaaieo ia aeeiiaiiy ca?ia?oiith ieaoith
ooieoe?e, ui i?eoaiaii? ?e a aeiiii?oe? ?eieiaiai oeio.

Aeinyaiaiiy oe??? iaoe coiiaeei iaiao?aei?noue iinoaiiaee oa ?ica’ycaiiy
eiiieaeno caaaeaiue:

1) ?ice?eoe oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/i? canaaee aecia/aiiy aa?oino? e oe?ie
iineoa ?iai/i? neee;

2) ia iniia? e?eoe/iiai aiae?co ?nioth/eo oai??e ?ic?iaeoe iaoeiao
eiioeaioe?th nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii? nooiino? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe,
aeine?aeeoe i?eioeeie ?? i?aai?caoe?? ca oiia ?eieiai? o?ainoi?iaoe??
aeiiii?ee; iaa?oiooaaoe eeaneo?eaoe?th ooieoe?e ca?ia?oii? ieaoe,
aeine?aeeoe ?oi?e ci?no ? ?ic?iaeoe i?eioeeiiao iiaeaeue aca?iiae??;
aeine?aeeoe iioeaaoe?eiee iioaioe?ae ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ?? i?noea o
nenoai? iioeaaoe?? o?oaeiai? ae?yeueiino?;

3) iaa?oiooaaoe neeaaeia? i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe e ?ic?iaeoe eiioeaioe?th ooieoe?iioaaiiy
oeueiai iaoai?cio c o?aooaaiiyi iniaeeainoae ia?ao?aeiiai ia??iaeo;
aeine?aeeoe no/aniee noai ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia
iaoe?iiaeueiiio, aaeocaaiio, ?aa?iiaeueiiio oa ae?iaie/iio ??aiyo;

4) cae?enieoe oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/ia iaa?oiooaaiiy iaiao?aeiino?
iineeaiiy ?ie? aea?aeaae a iioei?caoe?? ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe;

5) aecia/eoe iai?yie ? caaaeaiiy ?icaeoeo nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa ye
iniiae aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe;

6) ii?aoethaaoe oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/ia iaa?oiooaaiiy iai?yi?a
oaeineiiaeaiiy iiaoaeiae oa?eoii? nenoaie;

7) ?ic?iaeoe iaoeiao eiioeaioe?th aoaeoeaiiai canoinoaaiiy oi?i ? nenoai
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, noi?ioethaaoe iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee aei iineeaiiy ?ie?
i?ai?e ? aeiaai?iae, aeiieao ? iaaeaaaie o ?aae?caoe?? iioeaoth/i?
ooieoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe;

8) iaa?oiooaaoe iaoiaeieia?/i? i?aeoiaee aei aaeineiiaeaiiy ii?ioaaiiy
i?aoe?, i?aeaeuaiiy eiai ?ie? a ?aaoethaaii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe;

9) ocaaaeueieoe ca?oa?aeiee aeina?ae iaoa??aeueii? iioeaaoe?? o?oaeiai?
ae?yeueiino? e iaa?oiooaaoe iiaeeea?noue oa aeioe?euei?noue eiai
aeei?enoaiiy ia i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao Oe?a?ie.

I?aaeiao oa ia’?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy. I?aaeiaoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ?
aeiiii?/i? e nioe?aeuei? a?aeiineie, ui ae?aaeathoue ci?no iniiaieo
neeaaeiaeo ? a oe?eiio i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe. Ia’?eoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? i?iieneia?
i?aei?e?inoaa c ??cieie i?aai?caoe?eii-i?aaiaeie oi?iaie
ainiiaea?thaaiiy.

Oai?aoe/i? e iaoiaeieia?/i? canaaee aeine?aeaeaiiy. Oai?aoe/iith
iniiaith i?iaaaeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy ? e?eoe/ia inieneaiiy oa neioac
eiioeaioe?e ? iieiaeaiue iaea?aeii?oeo oe?e no/anii? aeiiii?/ii? iaoee,
ui noinothoueny i?aaeiaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy.

Iaoiaeieia?/iith iniiaith aeine?aeaeaiiy ? nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae aei
aiae?co nioe?aeue-ii-aeiiii?/ieo i?iaeai ? ae?aeaeoe/iee iaoiae i?ciaiiy
aca?iiiia’ycaieo i?ioean?a o i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiio iaoai?ci?
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

I?ae /an i?aeaioiaee aeena?oaoe?? aeei?enoiaoaaeeny oae? iaoiaee:
ii??aiyeueii-aeiiii?/iiai, aeiiii?ei-noaoenoe/iiai, nioe?ieia?/iiai
aiae?co, aano?aeoii-eia?/iee iaoiae, iaoiaee i?ia?aioaaiiy, aieaooaaiiy,
eeaneo?eaoe?? oa oeiieia??, aenia?oieo ioe?iie.

?ioi?iaoe?eia aaca aeine?aeaeaiiy. ?ioi?iaoe?eiith aacith i?aeaioiaee
aeena?oaoe?? noaee iaoa??aee iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o, aeeiiaieo i?ae
ea??aieoeoaii oa ca aaciina?aaeiuei? o/ano? aaoi?a ia caiiaeaiiy
I?iiaoi?iio Oe?a?ie, I?iaeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie, I?ii?aoe? Oe?a?ie,
Aaei?i?no?aoe?? I?aceaeaioa Oe?a?ie; ianea ?ioi?iaoe?? c aeiaia??iiai
?aaoethaaiiy iieaoe i?aoe? Oaaea?aoe?? i?ioni?eie Oe?a?ie; iaoa??aee
I?aeia?iaeii? i?aai?caoe?? i?aoe?; noaoenoe/i? aeai? Aea?aeeiinoaoo
Oe?a?ie; iaoa??aee iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo i?aai?caoe?e; aeai?
nioe?ieia?/ieo iieooaaiue, i?iaaaeaieo aaoi?ii ia i?iieneiaeo
i?aei?e?inoaao Oe?a?ie; nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ia ?ioi?iaoe?y c
??ciiiai?oieo ioae?eaoe?e o i?an?.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoeia? ?acoeueoaoe, ui iaea?aeai?
aaoi?ii ? aeiinyoueny ia caoeno, iieyaathoue o ?ic?iaoe? iiaeo
oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/ieo ? iaoiaee/ieo canaae oa iaa?oiooaaii?
i?eeeaaeieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e c oaeineiiaeaiiy e i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, a
?oiy iaoeiaa iiaecia iieyaa? o ianooiiiio:

1) noi?ioeueiaaii eiioeaioe?th oi?ioaaiiy aa?oino? e oe?ie iineoa
?iai/i? neee, yea a?aoiao? iayai? iaaeaaiiy oai??e o?oaeiai? aa?oino?,
a?aie/ii? ei?eniino? oa ?yaeo ?ioeo; iaa?oioiaaii
oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/i? canaaee aieeao ?eieo i?aoe? ia oi?ioaaiiy oe?ie
iineoa ?iai/i? neee oa aecia/aii aeiionoei? iaae? oeueiai aieeao;

2) ?ic?iaeaii oe?e?nio oai??th nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii? nooiino?
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, iaa?oioiaaii i?eioeeie ?? i?aai?caoe?? oa iia?
i?aeoiaee aei aecia/aiiy no?oeoo?e ? ci?noo ooieoe?e ca?ia?oii? ieaoe
aeoiaey/e c eiioeaioe?? caaacia/aiiy ?aae?caoe?? ?ioa?an?a
?iaioiaeaaoe?a ? iaeiaieo i?aoe?aiee?a ye iniiaieo noa’?eo?a
nioe?aeueii-o?oaeiaeo a?aeiinei;

3) noi?ioeueiaaii eiioeaioe?th iioeaaoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo ca?ia?oii?
ieaoe e iaa?oioiaaii oaeoi?e, ui aieeaathoue ia i?aeaeuaiiy ??aiy
iaoa??aeueii? iioeaaoe??;

4) iaa?oioiaaii neeaaeia? ? ci?no i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe c o?aooaaiiyi iniaeeainoae ia?ao?aeiiai
ia??iaeo;

5) ia canaaeao nenoaiiiai i?aeoiaeo ioe?iaii aoaeoeai?noue
ooieoe?iioaaiiy /eiiiai i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, aeyaeaii i?e/eie, ui i?ecaaee aei
iiaeeaeaiiy aeaoi?iaoe?e o noa?? iieaoe i?aoe?;

6) aeiaaaeaii oeai?noue iie?oeee ooo/iiai iaiaaeaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe oa
iaa?oioiaaii eiioeaioe?th c?inoaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe a eiioaeno? c
?aoi?ioaaiiyi ?ioeo neeaaeiaeo iaoai?cio ainiiaea?thaaiiy, ?aae?caoe?y
yei? ? iaei??th c iniiaieo oiia aeiiii?/iiai c?inoaiiy;

7) iaa?oioiaaii iaiao?aei?noue ? iai?yie i?aeaeuaiiy ?ie? aea?aeaae a
?aaoethaaii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, noi?ioeueiaaii eiioeaiooaeuei? i?aeoiaee
aei aaeineiiaeaiiy ii?yaeeo aecia/aiiy oa caoaa?aeaeaiiy i?i?iaeueii?
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ? caaacia/aiiy ?aae?caoe?? ?? ?aaoethth/i? ?
nioe?aeueii? ooieoe?e;

8) ?ic?iaeaii eiiieaen i?aaiaeo, aeiiii?/ieo, i?aai?caoe?eieo caoiae?a,
ni?yiiaaieo ia i?aeaeuaiiy ?ie? aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy iieaoe i?aoe?,
cai?iiiiiaaii iaiiaieoe i?eioeeiiai iiaei ci?noii aaia?aeueio, aaeocaa?,
?aa?iiaeuei? oaiaee e eieaeoeai? aeiaiai?e;

9) ?ic?iaeaii iiao iiaeaeue oa?eoii? nenoaie, iiaoaeiaaii? ia
canoinoaaii? aio/ei? ?aeeii? n?oee c ioiieaiiyi on?o eaoaai??e ia?niiaeo
? anoaiiaeaiiyi “aeeie” oa?eoieo noaaie (ieeaae?a) aeey eiaeiiai ?c
17-oe ?ic?yae?a;

10) iaa?oioiaaii eiioeaiooaeuei? i?aeoiaee aei aeai?o oi?i e nenoai
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, iineeaiiy ?ie? i?ai?e ? aeiaai?iae, aeiieao ?
iaaeaaaie o ?aae?caoe?? iioeaoth/i? ooieoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe;

11) ii?aoeueiaaii iaoiaee/i? canaaee e cai?iiiiiaaii iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?
?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy ii?ioaaiiy ye caniao ?aaoethaaiiy
i??e i?aoe? oa ?? iieaoe;

12) iiaeaii ye?nio ioe?ieo oa iaa?oioiaaii ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei
aeei?enoaiiy ca?oa?aeiiai aeina?aeo ?aaoethaaiiy iieaoe i?aoe?.

A?aei?ii?noue iaea?aeaieo iaoeiaeo ?acoeueoao?a a?ae iayaieo
iaoiaeieia?/ieo ? iaoiaee/ieo i?aeoiae?a ? ?ic?iaie iieyaa? o nenoaiiiio
ae??oaii? caaaeaiue c iioei?caoe?? ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia
iniia? oi?ioaaiiy a?aeiia?aeiiai i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
ia aea?aeaaiiio, aaeocaaiio, ?aa?iiaeueiiio e ae?iaie/iio ??aiyo.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy i?iaaaeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? a o?i, ui iniiai?
iieiaeaiiy, aeeeaaeai? aaoi?ii o aeena?oaoe??, aeiaaaeaii aei ??aiy
iaoiaee/ieo ?ic?iaie oa i?eeeaaeieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e. ?o i?ecia/aii aeey
aeei?enoaiiy i?ae /an ii?aoethaaiiy i?ia?ai nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai
?icaeoeo aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie, i?aeaioiaee i?iaeo?a caeiiiaeaa/eo ?
ii?iaoeaieo aeo?a c ieoaiue ?aoi?ioaaiiy iieaoe i?aoe?, ?ic?iaee
iaoai?ci?a ?aae?caoe?? “Iniiaieo iai?yi?a nioe?aeueii? iie?oeee ia
1997-2000 ?iee”, oaeineiiaeaiiy neeaaeiaeo i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe
ia i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?i-noaao Oe?a?ie.

Iaoeia? ?ic?iaee aaoi?a aeei?enoiaothoueny i?aaiaie caeiiiaeaa/i? ?
aeeiiaa/i? aeaaee Oe?a?ie, a?iiaaenueeeie oa ?ioeie i?aai?caoe?yie,
i?iieneiaeie i?ae-i?e?inoaaie, ui i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny a?aeiia?aeieie
eenoaie (aeia?aeeaie), cie?aia, eenoaie I?iaeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie – a?ae
30.06.98?.; I?ii?aoe? Oe?a?ie – a?ae 06.08.98 ?.; I?i?noa?noaa
i?iieneiai? iie?oeee Oe?a?ie – ? 01/5-1-740 a?ae 17.09.98 ?., Eii?n?? c
ieoaiue nioe?aeueiiai caoenoo ianaeaiiy i?e I?aceaeaioia? Oe?a?ie – ? 5
a?ae 01.02.96?., ? 2 a?ae 20.05.98?., Eii?n?? c ieoaiue nioe?aeueii?
iie?oeee oa i?aoe? Aa?oiaii? ?aaee Oe?a?ie ( ? 06-3/11-810 a?ae 05.06.95
?., Aea?aeeiinoaoo Oe?a?ie – a?ae 20.05.98?., AAO “Iaoaeo?a?eiee
eiia?iao “Acianoaeue” – ? 0111/8 a?ae 06.10.98?. Oe? ?ic?iaee
ai?iaaaeaeothoueny oaeiae o iaa/aeueiee i?ioean a Ee?anueeiio
iaoe?iiaeueiiio aeiiii?/iiio oi?aa?neoao? oa ?ioeo aeueo caeeaaeao
ina?oe.

Aeaeea?aoe?y iniaenoiai aianeo aeena?oaioa o ?ic?iaeo iaoeiaeo
?acoeueoao?a, ui aeiinyoueny ia caoeno:

eiioeaioe?y oi?ioaaiiy aa?oino? e oe?ie iineoa ?iai/i? neee, yea
oiiaeeeaeth? ?icoe?aiiy oa iiaeeaeaiiy ?nioth/eo oyaeaiue ? o?aeooaaiue,
anoaiiaeaiiy o?ni?oiai ca’yceo ?? iaoeiaeo iieiaeaiue c oai???th ?
i?aeoeeith ?iciiae?eueieo a?aeiinei;

oe?e?nia oai??y nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii? nooiino? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe oa
i?eioeei?a ?? i?aai?caoe?? ca oiia noaiiaeaiiy ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei; iia?
i?aeoiaee aei aecia/aiiy no?oeoo?e ? ci?noo ooieoe?e ca?ia?oii? ieaoe,
oi?ioethaaiiy iaoai?cio ?o aca?iiae??;

eiioeaioe?y iioeaaoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, oi?ioethaaiiy
/eiiee?a, ui aieeaathoue ia ??aaiue iaoa??aeueii? iioeaaoe??;

nenoaiia iaa?oiooaaiiy neeaaeiaeo oa ci?noo i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe noiniaii aeiiii?ee ia?ao?aeiiai
ia??iaeo;

aiae?oe/ia ioe?iea aoaeoeaiino? ooieoe?iioaaiiy /eiiiai iaoai?cio
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe oa aecia/aiiy i?e/ei aeaoi?iaoe?e o noa??
iieaoe i?aoe?;

iai?yie oa iaoai?cie aaeineiiaeaiiy aea?aeaaii-aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy
iieaoe i?aoe?;

eiioeaioe?y c?inoaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ye i?ia?aeia neeaaeiaa ??
?aoi?ioaaiiy;

iaoiaee/i? ?ic?iaee e ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei iioei?caoe?? oa?eoiiai
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, aeai?o ?? oi?i ? nenoai, oi?ioaaiiy
i?aaee iaoa??aeueiiai caioi/aiiy;

iaoiaee/i? canaaee e aaeaioiaai? aei ?eieiaeo oiia ainiiaea?thaaiiy
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?,
iiaoaeiae nenoaie i?ai?thaaiiy, iineeaiiy ?ie? i?ai?e ? aeiaai?iae,
aeiieao ? iaaeaaaie o ?aae?caoe?? iniiaieo ooieoe?e ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

Ai?iaaoe?y oa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoa??aee
aeine?aeaeaiiy a?aeia?aaeaii a iiiia?ao?yo, a?ioo?ao, iaa/aeueieo
iin?aieeao, noaooyo, i?iaeoao caeiiiaeaa/eo aeo?a, eiioeaioe?yo,
i?aeaaeocaaeo oa aaeocaaeo i?ia?aiao, iaoiaee/ieo ?ic?iaeao.

Iniiai? oai?aoe/i? ? i?aeoe/i? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe
aeiiia?aeaeeny ia 12 i?aeia?iaeieo ? a?o/eciyieo iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo
eiioa?aioe?yo, ai?iaiaai? ia iiiaae 50-oe i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao
Oe?a?ie, can?aeaiiyo “E?oaeeo noie?a”, i?aai?ciaaieo Oaaea?aoe??th
i?ioni?eie Oe?a?ie o 1994-1998 ??., I?i?noa?noaii i?aoe? oa nioe?aeueii?
iie?oeee Oe?a?ie a 1995-1998 ??., ia can?aeaiiyo ?aaee nioe?aeueiiai
ia?oia?noaa (1994-1998 ??.).

Iaoiaeieia?/i? iieiaeaiiy, ui i?noyoueny a aeena?oaoe??, aeei?enoaii a
i?ioean? i?aeaioiaee “Eiioeaioe?? ?aoi?ie iieaoe i?aoe? a Oe?a?i?”,
“Iniiaieo iai?yi?a nioe?aeueii? iie?oeee ia 1997-2000 ?iee”,
caoaa?aeaeaieo Oeacii I?aceaeaioa Oe?a?ie a?ae 18 aeiaoiy 1997 ?. ?
1166/97; o i?iaeoao caeiiiaeaa/eo aeo?a, o o?i /ene? a i?iaeoao Caeii?a
Oe?a?ie “I?i iieaoo i?aoe?”, “I?i aianaiiy ci?i aei ie?aieo caeii?a
Oe?a?ie uiaei iieaoe i?aoe?”, “I?i nioe?aeueia ia?oia?noai”.

I?iiiceoe?? aaoi?a uiaei iineeaiiy aeiiii?/ieo ? nioe?aeueieo ooieoe?e
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, i?aeaeuaiiy ?? ??aiy, oaeineiiaeaiiy oi?i ? nenoai
iieaoe i?aoe? a?aoiaaii i?ae /an ii?aoethaaiiy ui??/ii? aeiiia?ae?
I?aceaeaioa Oe?a?ie i?i aioo??oith ? ciai?oith iie?oeeo Oe?a?ie a 1995
?. oa i?aeaioiaee Caa?iaiiy I?aceaeaioa Oe?a?ie c? ui??/iei iineaiiyi
aei ia?iaeo, Aa?oiaii? ?aaee Oe?a?ie (o?aaaiue 1998 ?.).

Ie?ai? iaoiaeieia?/i? iieiaeaiiy, ui i?noyoueny a aeena?oaoe??, o
1994-1998 ??. aoee ioi?ieai? o aeaeyae? aeiiia?aeieo caienie ?
i?iiiceoe?e Oaaea?aoe?? i?ioni?eie Oe?a?ie ? aeei?enoai? aia?aoii
Oaaea?aoe?? i?ioni?eie Oe?a?ie o i?aeoe/i?e ae?yeueiino?, cie?aia, o
i?iaeoao aaia?aeueieo oaiae, ?ic?iaeao ii?iaoeaii-iaoiaee/ieo iaoa??ae?a
c ?icaeoeo nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa ia iaoe?iiaeueiiio, aaeocaaiio,
?aa?iiaeueiiio e ae?iaie/iio ??aiyo.

?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy a?aeia?aaeai? a iecoe?
i?eeeaaeieo iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo i?aoeue, aeeiiaieo i?ae ea??aieoeoaii
aaoi?a, a naia:

– “Aeine?aeaeaiiy, aiae?c ? iaoiaee/ia caaacia/aiiy aaeineiiaeaiiy
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ? o?oaeiaeo a?aeiinei ia i?aei?e?inoaao i?i?noa?noaa” (
ia caiiaeaiiy I?i?noa?-noaa iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy, a?enueeiai-i?iieneiaiai
eiiieaeno ? eiiaa?n?? Oe?a?ie (I?iiaoi?ii Oe?a?ie), iiia? aea?aeaaii?
?a?no?aoe?? 0193EI31013 (1993 ?.);

– “?ic?iaea i?aai?caoe?eii-iaoiaee/ieo iaoa??ae?a uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy
oi?aae?iiy i?aoeath ia i?aei?e?inoaao Oe?a?ie” ( ia caiiaeaiiy
I?iiaoi?iio Oe?a?ie, iiia? aea?aeaaii? ?a?no?aoe?? 0194EI17128 (1994
?.);

– “?ic?iaea ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e c i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa, i?aoe? oa
oi?aae?iiy i?iaeoeoeai?noth ia i?aei?e?inoaao I?iiaoi?iio ca oiia
ia?aoiaeo aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei” ( ia caiiaeaiiy I?iiaoi?iio Oe?a?ie,
iiia? aea?aeaaii? ?a?no?aoe?? 0196EI06183 (1995 ?.);

– “?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy o?oaeiaeo a?aeiinei ia iniia?
?icaeoeo nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa” ( ia caiiaeaiiy I?i?noa?noaa
aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie, iiia? aea?aeaaii? ?a?no?aoe?? 0197EI05363 (1997 ?.);

– “I?aeaioiaea ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy
aea?aeaaii-aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy iieaoe i?aoe?” ( ia caiiaeaiiy
I?i?noa?noaa aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie, iiia? aea?aeaaii? ?a?no?aoe??
0198EI07058 (1998 ?.).

Ioae?eaoe?? ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiue
iioae?eiaaii 52 iaoeia? i?aoe?, ui a?aeia?aaeathoue iniiaiee ci?no
aeena?oaoe??, caaaeueiei ianyaii 192,4 ae?oe. a?e., c yeeo aaoi?o
iaeaaeeoue 70,5 ae?oe. a?e.

No?oeoo?a oa ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa neeaaea?oueny c anooio,
oanoe ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e c 179
iaeiaioaaiue ? aeeth/a? 39 oaaeeoeue, 9 ?enoie?a, 1 aeiaeaoie. Iiaiee
ianya aeena?oaoe?? noaiiaeoue 380 noi??iie iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, o oiio
/ene? oaaeeoeue ( 26, ?enoie?a ( 6, nieneo aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e – 14,
aeiaeaoeo – 3.

ICIIAI? IIEIAEAIIss AeENA?OAOe??

O aeena?oaoe?eiiio aeine?aeaeaii? caoeuathoueny iia? eiioeaiooaeuei?,
iaoiaee/i? oa iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i? iieiaeaiiy c oi?ioaaiiy, ooieoe?iioaaiiy
oa i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao Oe?a?ie.

?icae?e 1. Oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/i? aniaeoe aa?oino? e oe?ie iineoa
?iai/i? neee ia ?eieo i?aoe?

1. ?acoeueoaoeaia ?aoi?ioaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe iiaeeeaa eeoa c
o?aooaaiiyi aeeiai?/ieo ci?i ia ?eieo i?aoe?, ui coiiaeth?
iaiao?aei?noue iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/ieo iniia
?eieo i?aoe? oa iaoai?cio eiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy.

Aiae?c neeaaeieo i?iaeai ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia?aaeian?i ia?aaeaa/a?
c’ynoaaiiy i?e?iaee iniaeeaiai oiaa?o, yeee eoio?oueny ? i?iaea?oueny ia
?eieo i?aoe?. Oaa?aeaeaiiy i?i eoi?aeth-i?iaeaae ?iai/i? neee ye
caeaoiino? ethaeeie aei i?aoe?, ui aeii?io? a aeiiii?/i?e e?oa?aoo??, ?
aaci?aenoaaiei, aaeaea ?iai/a neea iaa?aeae?eueia a?ae
ethaeeie-i?aoe?aieea. Eoieoe /e i?iaeaoe i?aoeth ia ?eieo iaiiaeeeai,
ine?eueee ?? ye oaei? ua iaia?. I?aoey – oea aeioe?eueia ae?yeuei?noue
ethaeeie, ?? ooieoe?iioaaiiy o i?ioean? ae?iaieoeoaa, yea
cae?enith?oueny i?ney oeeaaeaiiy oaiaee i?ae ?iaioiaeaaoeai ? iaeiaiei
i?aoe?aieeii. Aeoiaey/e c oeueiai, i?aoeth oaeiae ia iiaeia ?icaeyaeaoe
ye ia’?eo eoi?ae?-i?iaeaaeo ia ?eieo.

O?aoiaoth/e oi?ie ? ci?no o?oaeiai? ae?yeueiino?, iniaeeaino? ?eieo
i?aoe?, niaoeeo?eo aeo?a eoi?ae?-i?iaeaaeo ia iueiio, aeioiaeeii
aeniiaeo, ui ?iaioiaeaaaoeue eoio? ia ?iai/o neeo aai i?aoeth, a iineoae
?iai/i? neee, i?aai ia oei/aniaa ?icii?yaeaeaiiy iath.

2. Ooiaeaiaioaeueiith neeaaeiaith aeiiii?/ii? oai??? ? ainiiaea?nueei?
i?aeoeee ? aecia/aiiy aa?oino? niaoeeo?/iiai oiaa?o “iineoae ?iai/i?
neee”, iaaeiei yei? a?aeaoaa?oueny eieeaaiiy oe?ie ia ?eieo i?aoe?.
Cai?iiiiiaaia e ?aae?ciaaia o aeena?oaoe?eiiio aeine?aeaeaii?
iaoiaeieia?/ia noaia aecia/aiiy aa?oino? oiaa??a ia?aaeaa/a?
canoinoaaiiy iniiaieo iieiaeaiue oai??? o?oaeiai? aa?oino? ? a?aie/ii?
ei?eniino?, ?o neioac oa ia?aianaiiy ia c’ynoaaiiy iaoai?cio oi?ioaaiiy
aa?oino? iineoa ?iai/i? neee.

Aa?o?noue oiaa?o “iineoae ?iai/i? neee”, yea a?aeiia?aea? eiai
noni?euei?e ioe?ioe?, ia? anoaiiaethaaoeny ia ??ai?, yeee ocaiaeaeo?
a?aie/io ei?eni?noue i?aoe? (oe?ii?noue iineoa aeey iieoioey –
?iaioiaeaaoey) c oiiaaie a?aeoai?aiiy iineoa ?iai/i? neee. Ciath/e
iaeii/anii oiiae ? iiieoo (ei?eniino?), ? i?iiiioaaiiy (aeo?ao), iiaeia
aecia/aoe aa?o?noue iineoa ?iai/i? neee. Aiia ? ona?aaeiaiei
aea?aaeaioii aeeoo?caaacia/aiiy oeiiaiai i?aaenoaaieea anioe?eiaaii?
a?oie ethaeae, ia’?aeiaieo ni?euei?noth ?ioa?an?a ? oe?eae, oiia
i?iaeeaaiiy oa ?acoeueoao?a i?aoe?, ??ai?a ?ioaeaeooaeueiiai e
eoeueoo?iiai ?icaeoeo. O i?ioean? aecia/aiiy aa?oino? iineoa ?iai/i?
neee iai?eionoeiith ? iaaeiioe?iea ye aeo?ao ia a?aeoai?aiiy ?iai/i?
neee (iio?aa i?aoe?aiee?a), oae ? ?acoeueoao?a (ei?eniino?) iineoa.
?ioeie neiaaie, ?ica’ycoth/e i?iaeaio oi?ioaaiiy aa?oino? iineoa ?iai/i?
neee iaiiaeeeai ?aii?oaaoe ?ioa?ane ai? iaeiaieo i?aoe?aiee?a, ai?
?iaioiaeaaoe?a.

Iniiaieie /eiieeaie, ye? iaoiiaeththoue a?aeoeeaiiy oe?i ia iineoae
?iai/i? neee a?ae ?oiuei? aa?oino?, ?: ni?aa?aeiioaiiy nee noa’?eo?a
nioe?aeueii-o?oaeiaeo a?aeiinei, a?ae yeiai caeaaeeoue ?iciiae?e
ciiainoai?aii? aa?oino?; iie?oeea aeioiae?a, yei? aeio?eio?oueny
aea?aeaaa; ni?aa?aeiioaiiy iiieoo ? i?iiiioaaiiy ?iai/i? neee a
eiie?aoieo naaiaioao ?eieo i?aoe?; ae?th/a iiaeaeue ?eieo i?aoe?
(eiieo?aioe??, iiiiiie?? oiui). Aiaeii/an ia oe?io iineoa ?iai/i? neee,
ye aeiaaaeaii a aeena?oaoe??, aieeaathoue iaai? /eiieee ia?eieiaiai
oa?aeoa?o (oaeaio, iai?eaaaeea?noue, iai?anoeaei?noue aeayeeo aeae?a
?ia?o, iayai?noue ia ?eieo i?aoe? iaeiieo?oth/eo a?oi oiui).

Oe?ia iineoa ?iai/i? neee a aeena?oaoe?? ?icaeyaea?oueny c ??cieo
iaoiaeieia?/ieo iiceoe?e, o o?i /ene? ye ?eieiaa aa?o?noue oeueiai
niaoeeo?/iiai oiaa?o, neeaaeiaa oaeoe/ieo aeo?ao ?iaioiaeaaoey, oi?ia
iaiao?aeiiai i?iaeoeoo. I?e oeueiio ca?ia?oia ieaoa ?icaeyaea?oueny
eeoa ye /anoea caaaeueieo aeo?ao ?iaioiaeaaoey ia oo?eiaiiy ?iai/i?
neee.

3. Aeeeaaeaiee a aeena?oaoe?? iaoai?ci oi?ioaaiiy aa?oino? iineoa
?iai/i? neee ? eeth/ai aei ?ica’ycaiiy i?iaeaie, yea i?ioyaii aaaaoueio
?ie?a aoea aeeneon?eiith na?aae iaoeiaoe?a ? i?aeoee?a o eieeoiueiio
?aaeyinueeiio Nithc? ? caeeoa?oueny oaeith ae o iia?oi?e ?noi???
Oe?a?ie, a naia: ye ?iaioiaeaaaoeue iiaeiai ieaoeoe iaeiaiiio
i?aoe?aieeia? ( aeoiaey/e c aeo?ao /e c ?acoeueoao?a. Ine?eueee
aa?o?noue iineoa ?iai/i? neee oi?io?oueny c o?aooaaiiyi ye aeo?ao ia
?iai/o neeo, oae ? ?acoeueoao?a ?? ooieoe?iioaaiiy, oi e ca?ia?oio ieaoo
ye iniiaio neeaaeiao oe??? aa?oino? (oe?ie) o?aaa aecia/aoe ia iniia?
iaeii/anii? ioe?iee aeo?ao (e?eueeino? oa yeino? i?aoe?) ? ?acoeueoao?a
ae?iaieoeoaa (?iaeea?aeoaeueieo ? eieaeoeaieo).

?icae?e 2. Nooi?noue ? ?ieue ca?ia?oii? ieaoe o ooieoe?iioaaii? ?eieiai?
aeiiii?ee

4. Aiae?c iioe?aieo a aeiiii?/i?e e?oa?aoo?? aecia/aiue nooiino?
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ye? aei inoaiiueiai /ano aeii?ioaaee o a?o/eciyi?e
aeiiii?/i?e e?oa?aoo?? e iaiothoue ? aein? ca a?aeii no/anii? oe?e?nii?
oai??? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, na?ae/eoue, ui iayaiei i?aeoiaeai aei ?icoi?iiy
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe aeanoeaa oe?ea iecea iaaeie?e?a. Ii-ia?oa, oe?
aecia/aiiy ?aii?othoue oiaa?i?noue iineoa ?iai/i? neee e ia’?eoeaio
iaiao?aei?noue ?o aa?o?nii? ioe?iee. Iaaeciaiiy oiaa?iino? iineoa
?iai/i? neee coiiaeei iaaeoi oe?ieo “aenieoaoaoe?th” caeiio ?iciiae?eo
ca i?aoeath, iacaaaeath/e ia oa, ui eiai aoei noi?ioeueiaaii E.Ia?enii
aeey aeiiii?/ii? nenoaie, ui a i?e a?aenooi? oiaa?ii-a?ioia? a?aeiineie.
Ii-ae?oaa, oaei aecia/aiiy ia aiaeaeaathoue nooi ca?iaioii? ieaoe, a
eeoa i???ioothoue ia ie?ai? i?eioeeie ?iciiaeieo /anoeie noniieueiiai
i?iaeoeoo (iaoeiiiaeue-iiai aeioiaeo) iiae o/anieeaie ae?iaieoeoaa.
Ii-o?ao?, iaaeinoaoiuei oi/ii i eiie?aoii aecia/athoueny aeaea?aea
ca?iaioii? ieaoe (noeoiiee noniieueiee i?iaeoeo, iaoeiiiaeueiee aeio?ae
oiui). Ii-/aoaa?oa, ic a?eueoino? aecia/aiue aeieeaa?, ui ca?iaioia
ieaoa ?iciiaeiey?oueny eeoa ca eieueeinoth i yeinoth i?aoei, ui ia
a?aeiia?aea? ae?eniino?.

5. O no/ani?e ci?oai?e aeiiii?oe?, yea a?oioo?oueny ia aaaaoiiai?oiino?
oi?i aeaniino? e ainiiaea?thaaiiy, iineoae ?iai/i? neee ? ??ciiaeaeii
oiaa?o. Oiio o?a-eooaaoe nooi?noue ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ne?ae c o?aooaaiiyi
aa?o?nii? ioe?iee iineoa ?iai/i? neee, ?icaeyaeath/e ?? ye aeo?aeio a
i?ioean? c’ynoaaiiy i?e?iaee ca?ia?oii? ieaoe. Iaiao?aeii oaeiae
o?aooaaoe, ui: ii-ia?oa, ca?iaioia ieaoa oi?io?oueny ia ia?aoei?
ae?iaieoeoaa oa aiaeiinei iaiiio ?iai/i? neee; ii-ae?oaa, ca?iaioia
ieaoa ia? caaac-ia/oaaoe ia’?eoeaii iaiaoiaeiee aeey aiaeoai?aiiy
?iai/i? neee e aoaeoeaiiai ooie-oeiiioaaiiy ae?iaieoeoaa ianya aeeoo?aeo
aeaa, yei i?aoeiaiee ia? io?eiaoe a iaiii ca aeeiiaio ?iaioo; ii-o?ao?,
ca?iaioia ieaoa ? aiaeii/an i iae?i-, i iie?iaeiiiii/iith eaoaai?i?th;
ii-/aoaa?oa, ca?iaioia ieaoa – oea aaaeeeaa neeaaeiaa ae?iaieoeoaa, ??
?iaaiue iia’ycaiee ye c iio?aaaie i?aoeiaieea, oae i c naiei i?ioeanii
ae?iaieoeoaa, eiai ?acoeueoaoii, ineieueee aeaea?aea eiooia ia
aiaeoai?aiiy ?iai/i? neee noai?ththoueny o noa?i ae?iaieoeoaa, a ?o
oi?ioaaiiy ia aeoiaeeoue ca iaaei eiie?aoiiai iiaei?e?inoaa.
Nie?ath/enue ia oei aeoiaeii iieiaeaiiy, ia?ii iiaeeea?noue ?ice?eoe
nooi?noue ca?iaioii? ieaoe, yeo ne?ae ?icaeyaeaoe i?eiaeii? c i’yoe
iiceoe?e.

Ii-ia?oa, ca?iaioia ieaoa – oea aeiiiii/ia eaoaai?iy, ui aiaeia?aaea?
aiaeiineie iiae aeanieeii iiaei?e?inoaa (aai eiai i?aaenoaaieeii) i
iaeiaiei i?aoeiaieeii c i?eaiaeo ?iciiaeieo iiainoai?aii? aa?oinoi
(aeioiaeo). Ii-ae?oaa, ca?iaioia ieaoa – oea aeiaai?iaea, yeo ca
o?oaeiaei aeiaiai?ii aeaniee aai aiiaiiaaaeaiee iei i?aai niea/o?
i?aoeiaieeiai ca aeeiiaio ?iaioo. Ii-o?ao?, ca?iaioia ieaoa – oea
aeaiaio ?eieo i?aoei, ui aenooia? ye oeiia, ca yeith iaeiaiee i?aoeiaiee
i?iaea? iineoae ?iai/i? neee. C iaeyaeo ia oea ca?iaioia ieaoa ae?aaea?
?eieiao aa?oinoue aeei?enoaiiy iaeiaii? ?iai/i? neee. Ii-/aoaa?oa, aeey
iaeiaiiai i?aoeiaieea ca?iaioia ieaoa – oea eiai o?oaeiaee aeio?ae, yeee
aii io?eio? a ?acoeueoaoi ?aaeicaoei? caeaoiinoi aei i?aoei, i yeee ia?
caaacia/eoe ia’?eoeaii iaiaoiaeia aiaeoai?aiiy ?iai/i? neee. Ii-i’yoa,
aeey iiaei?e?inoaa ca?iaioia ieaoa – oea aeaiaio aeo?ao ia ae?iaieoeoai,
ui aeeth/athoueny aei niaiaa?oinoi i?iaeoeoei?, ?iaio (iineoa), i
aiaeii/an aieiaiee /eiiee caaacia/aiiy iaoa?iaeueii? ca?ioa?aniaaiino?
i?aoeiaieeia o aeinyaiaiii aenieeo eiioeaaeo ?acoeueoaoia i?aoei.

I?aaii??iei ? oaeiae iiaeyae ia ca?ia?oio ieaoo ye oi?io aeioiaeo a?ae
aeei?enoaiiy “ethaenueeiai eai?oaeo”, aeanieeii yeiai ? iaeiaiee
i?aoe?aiee.

Oi?ioaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia i?eioeeiao ioe?iee aa?oino? iineoa
?iai/i? neee ia icia/a?, ui a no/ani?e aeiiii?/i?e nenoai? ?iciiae?e ca
i?aoeath acaaae? ia ae??. Aeciaiiy aeo?ao ? ?acoeueoao?a, ye iniiaieo
neeaaeiaeo aa?oino? icia/a? aeciaiiy aieeao ?iciiae?eo ca i?aoeath ia
oi?ioaaiiy aa?o?nieo oa?aeoa?enoee iineoa ?iai/i? neee. Aiaeii/an ia
iiaeia iiaiaeeoeny c aeiiii?noaie, ye? noaa?aeaeothoue, ui ca ?eieiai?
aeiiii?ee ca?ia?oia ieaoa ?aaoeth?oueny iaeii/anii ? caeiiii ?iciiae?eo
ca aa?o?noth (oe?iith) iineoa ?iai/i? neee, ? caeiiii ?iciiae?eo ca
i?aoeath.

6. Aaaeeeaith neeaaeiaith oe?e?nii? oai??? nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii?
nooiino? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe oa c’ynoaaiiy ?? ?ie? o ooieoe?iioaaii?
aeiiii?ee ?eieiaiai oeio iathoue aooe iaoiaeieia?/i? iniiae aecia/aiiy
i?e?iaee, eeaneo?eaoe?? ? oi?ioethaaiiy ci?noo ooieoe?e ca?ia?oii?
ieaoe. Iiaeai? a aeiiii?/i?e e?oa?aoo?? eeaneo?eaoe?? ooieoe?e
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe oa ?oiueiai ci?noo caeaa?eueoiai ia iathoue aeinoaoi?o
iaoiaeieia?/ieo iaa?oiooaaiue, ui ia iiaeia aeciaoe i?aaii??iei.

Ia iao iiaeyae, a iniiao eeaneo?eaoe?? ooieoe?e ca?ia?oii? ieaoe o?aaa
iieeanoe iaiao?aei?noue ?aae?caoe?? ?ioa?an?a aieiaieo noa’?eo?a
nioe?aeueii-o?oaeiaeo a?aeiinei, oiaoi iaeiaieo i?aoe?aiee?a,
?iaioiaeaaoe?a ? noni?euenoaa. Ia i?aenoaa? oeueiai iaoiaeieia?/iiai
caniiaeo aaoi?ii cai?iiiiiaaii e iaa?oioiaaii iiao eeaneo?eaoe?th
ooieoe?e ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ui aeeth/a? a?aeoai?thaaeueio, ?aaoethth/o,
nioe?aeueio, iioeaoth/o ? iioei?caoe?eio ooieoe??. Inoaii? aea? ooieoe??
o a?aeiieo aein? eeaneo?eaoe?yo a?aenooi? e aeie?aieai? aaoi?ii oia?oa.

Eiaeia c? caaaeaieo ooieoe?e ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia? aeanieo
ia?nii?o?eiaaieo iin??a (iin?y), oiaoi noa’?eo?a (noa’?eoa), ye?
iaea?eueo ca?ioa?aniaai? a ?? ?aae?caoe??. Oae, o ?aae?caoe??
a?aeoai?thaaeueii? oa iioeaoth/i? ooieoe?e iaea?eueoa ca?ioa?aniaai?
iaeiai? i?aoe?aieee. Aei ?aaoethth/i? ooieoe?? iaea?eueo “noeeuei?”
aea?aeaai? i?aaie, ui ca?ioa?aniaai? a iiaiioe?iiiio ooieoe?iioaaii?
?eieo i?aoe?. O ?aae?caoe?? nioe?aeueii? ooieoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe
ca?ioa?aniaai? ia?aaaaeii iaeiai? i?aoe?aieee, a oaeiae aea?aeaaa ye
aa?aio i?aa ? naiaiae o?oaeyueo oa nioe?aeueii? ni?aaaaeeeaino? a
noni?euenoa?. O ?aae?caoe?? iioei?caoe?eii? ooieoe?? iaea?eueo
ca?ioa?aniaaiee ?iaioiaeaaaoeue, ine?eueee naia a?i iiaeiai io?eiaoe
iaaiee ae?iaie/ee ?acoeueoao a?ae aeei?enoaiiy iaeiaii? ?iai/i? neee, ai
o?eueee oea aea? eiio ciiao iaoe i/?eoaaiee aeio?ae ? aiaeii/an aeaniee
cene – i?eaooie.

Iniiai? ooieoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe o?nii aca?iiiia’ycai? ? eeoa ca
?oiuei? noeoiii? iayaiino? aeinyaa?oueny aoaeoeaia i?aai?caoe?y
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe. I?ioenoaaeaiiy, a oei a?eueoa a?ia?o?io?y aoaeue-yei?
c ieo iaieio/a i?ecaiaeeoue aei e?eciaeo yaeu a aeiiii?oe?. Iaoai?ci
?aae?caoe?? iniiaieo ooieoe?e ca?ia?oii? ieaoe cia?aaeaii ia ?en. 1.

7. Ca?ia?oi?e ieao? ye iniiai?e oi?i? aeioiaeo iaeiaieo i?aoe?aiee?a
iaeaaeeoue i?ia?aeia ?ieue o iaoa??aeuei?e iioeaaoe??, i?ae yeith
?icoi??oueny i?aaiaiiy aeia?iaooo,

?en.1

aeinoaoiueiai ??aiy iaoa??aeueieo noaiaea?o?a aeeooy. Iaoa??aeueio
iioeaaoe?th o?oaeiai? ae?yeueiino? aa?oi ?icaeyaeaoe ye iio?aeio a?ae
eiiieaenii? ae?? iecee iae?i- ? i?e?iaeiiii?/ieo /eiiee?a, o o?i /ene?
??aiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, iayaiino? i?yii? caeaaeiino? ??aiy o?oaeiaeo
aeioiae?a a?ae e?eueeino?, yeino? e ?acoeueoao?a i?aoe?,
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe a i?aai?caoe?? oa noni?euenoa? a
oe?eiio, no?oeoo?e iniaenoiai aeioiaeo, iaoa??aeueiiai caaacia/aiiy
iayaieo a?ioiaeo aeioiae?a.

?icae?e 3. Iniiae oai??? i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe

8. Iaiao?aei?noue o?aooaaiiy an?o /eiiee?a, ui aieeaathoue ia ia?aiao?e
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe , iio?aao? noai?aiiy ? ooieoe?iioaaiiy iaaii?
i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe. I?ae inoaiiueith o?aaa ?icoi?oe
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci ioe?ithaaiiy o?oaeiaiai aianeo
iaeiaieo i?aoe?aiee?a ? oi?ioaaiiy ia?aiao??a ca?ia?oii? ieaoe
a?aeiia?aeii aei oe??? ioe?iee, aa?oino? iineoa ?iai/i? neee oa noaio
?eieo i?aoe?.

Ia?ao?ae a?ae ieaiiai? oeaio?ae?ciaaii? aeiiii?ee aei aeiiii?ee ?eieiaeo
a?aeiinei iio?aao? ia?aoiaeo a?ae iica?eieiaiai iaoai?cio ioe?iee
o?oaeiaiai aianeo iaeiaieo i?aoe?aiee?a aei ?eieiaiai, oiaoi ia?aoiaeo
a?ae oi?ioaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ye /anoee i?aoe?aieea o
caaaeueiiia?iaeiiio oiiae? niiaeeaaiiy aai aeioiae? i?aei?e?inoaa
(caeaaeii a?ae oiai, yea ?ieue iaaea?oueny i?aei?e?inoao a ?aae?caoe??
?iciiae?eueieo a?aeiinei) aei oi?ioaaiiy ?? ye oe?ie iineoa ?iai/i?
neee.

Ocaaaeueiaiiy i?aeoeee i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe o e?a?iao c
?icaeiaiith e ia?ao?aeiith aeiiii?eith oa aeani? aeine?aeaeaiiy aeathoue
ciiao noaa?aeaeoaaoe, ui ooieoe?iioaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe a aeiiii?oe?
?eieiaiai oeio cae?enith?oueny /a?ac ii?aeiaiiy: a) ?eieiaiai
naii?aaoethaaiiy, aeeth/ath/e eii’thieoo?o ?eieo i?aoe?; a) aea?aeaaiiai
?aaoethaaiiy; a) aeiaiai?iiai ?aaoethaaiiy /a?ac oeeaaeaiiy
aaia?aeueii?, aaeocaaeo, ?aaiiiaeueieo (?aaiiiaeueii-aaeocaaeo) oaiae i
eieaeoeaieo aeiaiai?ia ia ?iaii iiaei?e?inoa, o?oaeiaeo aeiaiai??a c
iaeiaieie i?aoe?aieeaie; a) iaoaiicio aecia/aiiy iiaeeaiaeoaeueii?
ca?iaioii? ieaoe aaciina?aaeiuei ia iiaei?e?inoai (o no?oeoo?iiio
iiae?icaeiei) c aeei?enoaiiyi oaeeo aeaiaioia, ye caaiaenueea oa?eoia
nenoaia, ii?ioaaiiy i?aoei, oi?ie e nenoaie ca?ia?oii? ieaoe (?en.2).

9. Nooo?ai aaaeeeaei ? aecia/aiiy i?eioeei?a, yeeie ne?ae ea?oaaoeny o
i?aeoe/i?e ae?yeueiino? c i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia aoai?
noaiiaeaiiy ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei. Iei? a aeiiii?no?a iaia? ?aeeiiai
?icoi?iiy nooiino? oeeo i?eioeei?a.

??cia oeoia/aiiy iiiyooy “i?eioeeie i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe”
i?ecaiaeeoue aei aaaaoiaa??aioiino? ?oiuei? eeaneo?eaoe?? ca e?euee?noth
? ci?noii. I?eioeeie ia caaaeaee iia’ycothoueny c ae??th aeiiii?/ieo
caeii?a, ye? ?aaoeththoue ?iciiae?euei? a?aeiineie, c ooieoe?yie
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ui, c?icoi?ei, ia iiaeia aeciaoe ca i?aaii??ia.

I?eioeeie i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ne?ae ?icaeyaeaoe ye iniiai?
“i?aaeea a?e”, ye ia?oiiniiao ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?iciiae?eueieo a?aeiinei
ia canaaeao aecia/aiiy aa?oino? (oe?ie) ?iai/i? neee, ye noeoii?noue
iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaieo caoiae?a, ni?yiiaaieo ia ?aae?caoe?th ooieoe?e
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

?en. 2. I?aai?caoe?y ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ca ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee

Aei iniiaieo i?eioeei?a i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ye? i?eoaiaii?
nioe?aeueii i???ioiaai?e ?eieia?e aeiiii?oe?, aaoi? aeena?oaoe??
a?aeiineoue: ?icaea?aeaaeaiiy e aeaiiiiiie?caoe?th oa?eo?eaoe??
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe; anoaiiaeaiiy i?i?iaeueii? ca?ia?o-ii? ieaoe oa
?aaoey?iee ?? ia?aaeyae caeaaeii a?ae i?iaeeoeiaiai i?i?ioio, ??aiy
aei-iii?/iiai ?icaeoeo, aeioiae?a oa ci?ie aa?oino? aeeooy; ?aaoethaaiiy
eioo?a, aeae?ea-ieo ia niiaeeaaiiy, ca aeiiiiiaith nenoaie
iiiaeaoeoaaiiy; aaaaeaiiy eiiiainaoe?e-ieo aeieao oa ?iaeaenaoe??
aeioiae?a i?aoethth/eo o ca’yceo c ?ioeyoe??th oa c?inoaiiyi oe?i;
aeaiie?aoe/ia ?aaoethaaiiy oe?ie iineoa ?iai/i? neee c o?aooaaiiyi
neeaaeiin-o?, eaae?o?eaoe??, oiia canoinoaaiiy i?aoe?, ni?aa?aeiioaiiy
iiieoo ? i?iiiioaaiiy ia ?eieo ?iai/i? neee ia iniia? oaiae ?
eieaeoeaieo aeiaiai??a; aea?aeaaia ?aaoethaaiiy ??aiy ? aeeiai?ee
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe i?aoe?aiee?a athaeaeaoieo aaeocae.

10. Aaaeeeaith neeaaeiaith i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
?aaoethaaiiy iieaoe i?aoe? ? o/anoue aea?aeaae o aecia/aii? oa
?aae?caoe?? iie?oeee ca?ia?oii? ieaoe. Ooieoe?? aea?aeaae (aeeiiaa/i? e
caeiiiaeaa/i? aeaaee) ye noa’?eoa i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe a
noni?euenoa? aaaaoiiai?oi? e iaiaeiicia/i?. Aea?aeaaa aiaeii/an aenooia?
o o?ueio ?ieyo: aeanieea, caoenieea ?ioa?an?a iaeiaieo i?aoe?aiee?a oa
aa?aioa aeio?e-iaiiy o?oaeiaiai caeiiiaeaanoaa. A aeiiii?/i?e nenoai?,
ui a?oioo?oueny ia ?eieiaeo a?aeiineiao, ao?o/aiiy aea?aeaae a ca?ia?oio
ieaoo ia?, c iaeiiai aieo,ia?aaaaeii iai?yiee nioe?aeueii i???ioiaaiee
oa?aeoa?, a c ?ioiai, – ia?aaeaa/a? i?yio o/anoue o aecia/aii? oiia
iieaoe i?aoe?. I?e oeueiio, ia ia?aeiiaiiy aeena?oaioa, ca no/anieo oiia
ainiiaea?thaaiiy iaiao?aeii caa?aaoe aeinoaoiuei neeuei? iiceoe??
aea?aeaae o i?iaaaeaii? iie?oeee ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ui iaoiiaeth?oueny
ia’?eoeaieie ianoaae-iaie: cia/ieie ianooaaaie aea?aeaaii? aeaniino? a
Oe?a?i?, a?aeii aaaaoueio ?eieiaeo iaoai?ci?a, iaaeineiiae?noth nenoaie
nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa, iaa?aei?aoeueiaai?noth iaoai?ci?a
?aaoethaaiiy iieaoe i?aoe?, ye? o?aaeeoe?eii ? ooieoe??th aea?aeaae.

11. A?aeiia?aeii aei cai?iiiiiaaii? oa iaa?oioiaaii? a aeena?oaoe?eiiio
aeine?aeaeaii? eiioeaioe?? iniiaia ?ieue o ?aaoethaaii? e caaacia/aii?
iioei?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia ia?ao?aeiiio aoai? aei ?eieo ia?
iaeaaeaoe aeiaia??iiio ?aaoethaaiith, yea ? iaeaaaeeea?oith neeaaeiaith
nenoaie nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa.

No?eaeiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy ? eaoae?caoi?ii ?icaeoeo nenoaie nioe?aeueiiai
ia?oia?noaa ? oai?/a canoinoaaiiy i?eioeei?a o?enoi?iiiuei? ni?ai?aoe?
i?aei?e?ioe?a, iaeiaieo i?aoe?aiee?a oa i?aai?a aea?aeaaii? aeaaee.
I?e/iio nioe?aeueia ia?oia?noai o?aaa ?icaeyaeaoe ia ye o?aaeeoe?th /e
niaoeeo?/io neeaaeiao iaoai?cio oi?ioaaiiy e ?aaoethaaiiy o?oaeiaeo
a?aeiinei a ie?aieo e?a?iao, a i?eoaiaiio aeiiii?oe? ?eieiaiai oeio
oi?io iiaiaeaeaiiy ?ioa?an?a noa’?eo?a oaeeo a?aeiinei. Noaiiaeaiiy e
?icaeoie nenoaie nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa – oea ?acoeueoao ia’?eoeaieo
?aae?e, ui aeieeaathoue ?c iiai? ?ie? oa noaoono noa’?eo?a ?eieo i?aoe?.

12. Aeine?aeaeoth/e i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci ?aaoethaaiiy
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, aaoi? iaaieioo? ia oae?e i?eioeeiia?e ianoaaei?.
I?ioean oi?ioaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia ? iaeiiiiiaioiei aeoii, a?i ia?
neeaaeio aaaaoi??aiaao no?oeoo?o. Iiaeia aeie?aieoe aeaa iniiai? ??ai?
oi?ioaaiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe. Ia?oee – oea ?eiie
i?aoe?, ia yeiio ?iaioiaeaaaoeue ? iaeiaiee i?aoe?aiee aaaeooue
ia?aaiai?e ? aeiiiaeythoueny uiaei oiia eoi?ae?-i?iaeaaeo iineoa ?iai/i?
neee. ?acoeueoaoii oaei? aeiiiaeaiino? ? oeeaaeaiiy o?oaeiaiai aeiaiai?o
(eiio?aeoo, oaiaee), ui a iueiio cae??ieth?oueny o?oaeiaa ooieoe?y
i?aoe?aieea oa ?ici?? oa?eoii? noaaee (iinaaeiaiai ieeaaeo). Oeeaaeaiiy
o?oaeiaiai aeiaiai?o icia/a? e iioe?aiiy ia iaeiaiiai i?aoe?aieea oaeiae
? ii?i eieaeoeaiiai aeiaiai?o, a ioaea, e caaaeueiiai ii?yaeeo oa oiia
anoaiiaeaiiy aeiieao, iaaeaaaie, ?ioeo aeae?a iino?eieo /e iaeii?aciaeo
aeiaai?iae. Ia ae?oaiio ??ai? – aaciina?aaeiuei ia i?aei?e?inoa?
(no?oeoo?ii-io i?ae?icae?e?) ( a?aeaoaa?oueny “iaoa??ae?caoe?y” oiia
eoi?ae?-i?iaeaaeo ?iai/i? neee anoaiiaeaiiyi o?oaeiaiai ?aaeaiaioo,
ii?i o?oaeiaeo aeo?ao, aeiaaaeaiiyi ii?iiaaieo caaaeaiue, eiie?aoieo
iieaciee?a oa oiia i?ai?thaaiiy, ii?yaeeo i?aeaeuaiiy /e cieaeaiiy
aeiaai?iaee caeaaeii a?ae ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo ? eieaeoeaieo ?acoeueoao?a
ae?yeueiino? oiui. Ia i?aeoeoe? oey “iaoa??ae?caoe?y” cae?enith?oueny
/a?ac cai?iaaaeaeaiiy iaoai?cio aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ?iaeea?aeoaeueii?
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

I?iaeaia aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ? iaei??th c aieiaieo a
oai??? ? i?aeoeoe? ?iciiae?eueieo a?aeiinei. sse a?o/eciyia, oae ?
ca?oa?aeia i?aeoeea ainiiaea?thaaiiy ia?aeiieeai na?ae/aoue, ui
aoaeue-ye? cai/aiiy o aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, aeeth/ath/e
c??aiye?aeo /e iaaei??i? a?aei?iiino? o ??aiyo iieaoe i?aoe?, iathoue
ae?ae iaaaoeai? iane?aeee, aaeaea aiie ii?ooothoue i?eioeei nioe?aeueii?
ni?aaaaeeeaino?, i?ecaiaeyoue aei iaiiaiioe?iiiai a?aeoai?aiiy ?iai/i?
neee, cieaeothoue iioeaaoe?eiee iioaioe?ae iieaoe i?aoe?. Oiio
caaacia/aiiy ia’?eoeaii? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe – iaiaei?iia
oiiaa aeeiiaiiy iieaoith i?aoe? ?? iniiaieo ooieoe?e ? ia?aaeon?i
a?aeoai?thaaeueii?, iioeaoth/i? oa nioe?aeueii?.

I?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ?iaeea?aeoaeueii?
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia ? ?cieueiaaiith neeaaeiaith aecia/aiiy aeiaai?iaee
ca iineoae i?aoe?, a?i o?nii iia’ycaiee c aeaiaioaie
aea?aeaaii-aeiaia??iiai ?? ?aaoethaaiiy oa ?eieiaei naii?aaoethaaiiyi.
Aiaeii/an a?i ? aeiyoeiai aaaeeeaei naiino?eiei aeaiaioii i?aai?caoe??
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, yeee ia? eiie?aoia i?ecia/aiiy, noa?e canoinoaaiiy,
“oaoiieia?th” oi?ioaaiiy oiui.

Ia’?eoeaieie /eiieeaie, ye? iaoiiaeththoue a?aei?iiino? o ??aiyo
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe eiie?aoieo aeeiiaaoe?a, ?: neeaaei?noue ?iaioe
(eaae?o?eaoe?y, a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noue); oiiae i?aoe? (oe?aeeea?noue,
aaaee?noue, i?ioan?eiee ?ecee, ?ioaineai?noue, i?eaaaee-a?noue);
e?euee?noue i?aoe? (a?aei?aoeueiaaiee /an o iaaeao ii?ie, iiiaaeo?i/iee
/an oiui); ?acoeueoaoe i?aoe? (aeeiiaiiy ii?iiaaieo caaaeaiue, ii?i
ae?ia?oeo, ye?nieo iieaciee?a). Iaia`yceia?noue o?aooaaiiy oeeo /eiiee?a
? caaacia/aiiy a?aeoae iaeaaeii? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ?iaeea?aeoaeueii?
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe iio?aaothoue noai?aiiy iaaiiai iaoai?cio, neeaaeiaeie
yeiai ne?ae ?icaeyaeaoe oa?eoio nenoaio, ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?, oi?ie e
nenoaie ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

?icae?e 4. Aiae?c i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe a i?iieneiaino? Oe?a?ie

13. Aoaeoeai?noue i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy
ca?i-a?oii? ieaoe cia/iith i??ith caeaaeeoue a?ae oiai, yeith ?
aea?aeaaia iie?oeea ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, iane?eueee aaeaei
aeei?enoiaothoueny i?aaiaie aea?aeaaii? aeaaee i?yi? e iai?yi? aaaeae?
aieeao ia ??aaiue, no?oeoo?o e aeeiai?eo ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

Ioe?ithth/e ae?? i?aai?a caeiiiaeaa/i? e aeeiiaa/i? aeaaee uiaei
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia i?aenoaa? Caeiio Oe?a?ie “I?i iieaoo
i?aoe?”, iiaeia ae?eoe aeniiaeo, ui aeiaeai ?c aaaeae?a aea?aeaaiiai
aieeao ia i?aai?caoe?th ca?ia?oii? ieaoe iaeaaeiei /eiii ia
ni?aoeueiao?. Iaaeineiiaeith aoea e caeeoa?oueny i?aeoeea anoaiiaeaiiy
i?i?iaeueii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ?aaoethaaiiy oiiaeo iieaoe i?aoe? ia
i?aei?e?inoaao-iiiiiie?noao, iiiaeaoeoaaiiy aeioiae?a i?aoe?aiee?a,
anoaiiaeaiiy oiia ? ?ici???a iieaoe i?aoe? ea??aiee?a i?aei?e?inoa,
caniiaaieo ia aea?aeaai?e ? eiioiaeuei?e aeaniino?, caoenoo ca?ia?oii?
ieaoe ca o?ii?/ieo cao?eiie ?? aeieaoe oa ?ioeyoe?eieo i?ioean?a. *a?ac
iaaeineiiae?noue aea?aeaaii? aeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee inoaii?i /anii ia
i?aai?caoe?th ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ?? ??aaiue oa aeeiai?eo ana a?eueoee
aieea ii/aee ni?aaeyoe /eiieee, ye? ca ii?iaeueieo oiia acaaae? ia
aecia/athoue ii?yaeie iieaoe i?aoe?. ?aeaoueny i?i e?eco ieaoaae?a,
caai?aiaai?noue ?c aeieaoe ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, “aa?oa?ecaoe?th” aeiiii?ee,
cia/iee iiaeaoeiaee i?an o /anoei?, ui noino?oueny ia?aooaaiue ia oiiae
iieaoe i?aoe? oiui.

Oi?iaeiaae inoaii?o ?ie?a nooo?aith ia?aoeiaeith o i?iaaaeaii? caaaeaii?
aea?aeaaii? iie?oeee o noa?? iieaoe i?aoe? aoei ni?eeiaiiy aeaaeieie
no?oeoo?aie oa ?aeaieiaaie ?eieiaeo ?aoi?i a Oe?a?i? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe
o?eueee e??cue i?ecio aeao?oeeoo aea?aeaaiiai athaeaeaoo oa ?ioeyoe?eieo
i?ioean?a. A?aeoae i?aeoe/i? ae?? aeaaeieo no?oeoo? i?ioyaii oeeo ?ie?a
(iniaeeai o 1993-1995 ??.) aoee ni?yiiaai? ia no?eueee ia ?aoi?ioaaiiy,
ne?eueee ia iino?eia iaiaaeaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ca iaeii/anii?
“iaaaeueii?” e?aa?ae?caoe?? oe?i.

14. Aeciath/e iayai?noue iaaieo caeiaooe?a o aeiaia??iiio ?aaoethaaii?
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia iaoe?iiaeueiiio, aaeocaaiio, ?aa?iiaeueiiio e
ae?iaie/iio ??aiyo, aeena?oaio aeiaiaeeoue, ui ? oeae aaae?eue
iioei?caoe?? iieaoe i?aoe? ia ? aeineiiaeei. Ia ni?aaey? nooo?aiai
aieeao ia aaeineiiaeaiiy iieaoe i?aoe? aaia?aeueia oaiaea, eio?a
oeeaaea?oueny ia iaoe?iiaeueiiio ??ai?. *eiaei iieiaeaiue oe??? oaiaee
iaaaaeothoue a?eueoa i?ioieie i?i iai??e, i?ae ciaia’ycaiiy noi??i, ui
e ni?aaae? iiaee a ?aaeueii iie?ioeoe neooaoe?th o noa?? iieaoe i?aoe?.

*a?ac iaaeineiiae?noue caeiiiaeaa/iai caaacia/aiiy aeiaia??iiai
?aaoethaaiiy iieaoe i?aoe?, a?ae oai?aoe/ieo ? i?eeeaaeieo
aeine?aeaeaiue uiaei ?aaeueiiai aeei?enoaiiy iioaioe?aeo aaeocaaeo ?
?aa?iiaeueieo oaiae inoaii? ia i?aeoeoe? ia noaee ae?eiaeie ii?iaoeaieie
aeoaie. Oea cia/iith i??ith noino?oueny e aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy
iieaoe i?aoe? ia ae?iaie/iio ??ai?. Ae?ae iaaaoeaiith ? oaiaeaioe?y aei
ciaioaiiy /enaeueiino? i?aoe?aiee?a i?iieneiaino?, ioiieaieo
eieaeoeaieie aeiaiai?aie.

I?aai?caoe?y ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia ??ai? i?aei?e?inoaa, ye aeiaiaeeoueny a
aeena?oaoe??, ia?anoaea aooe iaaeoi ?aaeaiaioiaaiith c aieo aea?aeaae,
i?ioa ia noaea aaeaeaaoiith oiiaai ia?ao?aeiiai ia??iaeo e oaeith, ui
a?aeiia?aea? ?ioa?anai ?iaioiaeaaoe?a oa iaeiaieo i?aoe?aiee?a.
Iaaeineiiae?noue iaoai?cio aecia/aiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe
iia’ycaia ?c na?eicieie iaaeie?eaie a canoinoaaii? i?aeoe/ii an?o
neeaaeiaeo oeueiai iaoai?cio, a ia?aaeon?i o iiaoaeia? oa?eoii? nenoaie.
Aaniethoia a?eueo?noue ea??aiee?a i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa, ye
na?ae/eoue i?iaaaeaiee aiae?c, ua e aein? aeio?eio?oueny oa?eoii?
nenoaie, ui noi?ioaaeanue o ae?oa?e iieiaei? 80-o ?ie?a. Iaeiae
iiaeeea?noue ? iaa?oue iaaia aeioe?euei?noue oaei? iiceoe?? ua ia
icia/a? i?inoiai eii?thaaiiy oe??? nenoaie. Ui ae noino?oueny iiaeo
i?aeoiae?a aei iiaoaeiae oa?eoii? nenoaie, oi ?o cai?iaaaeaeaiiy /anoi
cae?enith?oueny aac iaeaaeiiai iaoeiai-iaoiaee/iiai iaa?oiooaaiiy, ui
cia/ii ciaioo? ?oith aoaeoeai?noue.

Ia a?eueoino? i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa Oe?a?ie ae?ae caiaaeaaii
ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?. *a?ac a?aeii? ia’?eoeai? e noa’?eoeai? i?e/eie
cieaeaii ??aaiue aeiiii?/ii? ?iaioe, nei?i/aii neoaeae ii?ioaaiiy e
i?aai?caoe?? i?aoe?, iineaaeaii ?iaioo c? cieaeaiiy o?oaeii?noeino?
i?iaeoeoe??, ui i?ecaaei aei oaeoe/ii? ao?aoe ii?ioaaiiy ye caniao
oi?aae?iiy i?aoeath.

Ia iaio nooo?aeie ? iaaeie?ee a canoinoaaii? oi?i ? nenoai ca?ia?oii?
ieaoe. Ia a?eueoino? i?aei?e?inoa ia noaeiny iiceoeaieo ci?i uiaei
i?aai?caoe?? iaoa??aeueiiai noeioethaaiiy, aeii?io? aeei?enoaiiy
iaaoaeoeaieo oi?i ? nenoai ca?ia?oii? ieaoe. Ianiaith ? i?aeoeea, eiee
aeieaoa i?ai?? ia iia’yco?oueny c aeeiiaiiyi oiia ? iieaciee?a
i?ai?thaaiiy, a ?icaeyaea?oueny ye oi?ia aei?iciiae?eo iaaeoa?eoiiai
oiiaeo ca?ia?oii? ieaoe. Ia??aeei i?ai?thaaiiy cae?enith?oueny i?e
iaaeeiiaii? iea-i?a ae?iaieoeoaa i?iaeoeoe??, iia??oaii? iniiaieo
oaoi?ei-aeiiii?/ieo iieaciee?a.

15. Eiiieaeniee aiae?c ??aiy, aeeiai?ee ? no?oeoo?e ca?ia?oii? ieaoe o
i?iieneiaino? Oe?a?ie aea? i?aenoaae noaa?aeaeoaaoe, ui ai?iaeiaae
ia??iaeo ?eieiai? o?ainoi?iaoe?? aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie a iieao? i?aoe?
aeii?ioaaee iaaaoeai? i?ioeane oa oaiaeaioe??. Aiie i?iyaeeeny cie?aia o
ciaioaii? /anoee ca?ia?oii? ieaoe o aaeiaiio aioo??oiueiio i?iaeoeo?
(AAI) c 53,1% o 1990 ?. aei 47,6% o 1997?., cieaeaii? ?aaeueii?
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe (oaae.1), o aeia?aaeaeath/iio cieaeaii? ?aaeueii?
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ii??aiyii c? ciaioaiiyi ianya?a ae?iaieoeoaa ?
i?iaeoeoeaiino? i?aoe? (oaae.2), cia/iiio iineeaii? i?aeaaeocaai?
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, yea ia a?aeiia?aea? ?aaeuei?e
cia/ouino? aaeoc? oa ?acoeueoaoai ?? ae?yeueiino?, o iaaeineiiaeino?
no?oeoo?e ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ? cieaeaii? ?? /anoee a noeoiieo aeioiaeao
i?aoe?aiee?a.

I?e/eie, ui coiiaeee aeaoi?iaoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ??ciiiai?oi?. C
iaeiiai aieo, aiie iia’ycai? c? noaiii aeiiii?ee ? ? ?aaeueiei
a?aeia?aaeaiiyi iane?aee?a nenoaiii? e?ece – niaaeo ae?iaieoeoaa,
?ioeyoe?eieo i?ioean?a, cia/ieo ianooaa?a i?eoiaaiiai aac?ia?ooy,
iaaeiaeei?enoaiiy o?oaeiaiai iioaioe?aeo. C ?ioiai aieo, oe?
aeaoi?iaoe?? ni?e/eiai? iecueeith ae?eia?noth iaoai?cio
aea?aeaaii-aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ui, a naith
/a?ao, iia’ycaia c a?aenooi?noth aeeaieeo oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue o aaeoc? iieaoe i?aoe?.

?icae?e 5. Aea?aeaaii-aeiaia??ia ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe: oeyoe
?icaeoeo

16. Eiie?aoi? oiiae ?icaeoeo aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie oa na?oiaee aeina?ae ia
caeeoathoue ?ioiai aa??aioa, i?ae ii?aeiaiiy caaaeaii? aeiiii?/ii?
iie?oeee, ni?yiiaaii? ia noaa?e?caoe?th oa c?inoaiiy ae?iaieoeoaa, c
iie?oeeith, ui caaacia/o? iiaiioe?iia aeeiiaiiy ca?ia?oiith ieaoith
aeanoeaeo ?e ooieoe?e.

Oaaeeoey 1

Ci?ie ?aaeueii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe a ia?iaeiiio ainiiaea?noa?
Oe?a?ie a oe?eiio

oa ii aaeocyo i?iieneiaino? ca 1991-1997 ??.

Aaeoc? ?iaeaen

?aaeueii?

ca?ia?oii?

ieaoe Cieaeaiiy

?aaeueii?

ca?ia?oii?

ieaoe, ?ac?a

Ia?iaeia ainiiaea?noai 0,345 2,90

I?iieneia?noue, 0,343 2,92

o o?i /ene?:

Aeaeo?iaia?aaoeea 0,554 1,81

Iaeeaia i?iieneia?noue 0,364 2,75

*i?ia iaoaeo?a?y 0,490 2,04

Eieuei?iaa iaoaeo?a?y 0,448 2,23

O?i?/ia oa iaooio?i?/ia i?iieneia?noue 0,384 2,60

Iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy ? iaoaeiia?iaea 0,238 4,20

E?niaa, aea?aaiia?iaia, oeaetheicii-iaia?iaa 0,226 4,42

I?iieneia?noue aoae?aaeueieo iaoa??ae?a 0,271 3,69

Neeyia, oa?oi?i-oayiniaa i?iieneia?noue 0,290 3,45

Eaaea i?iieneia?noue 0,192 5,21

Oa?/iaa i?iieneia?noue 0,417 2,40

I?e?ia?ieia?/ia i?iieneia?noue 0,249 4,02

Ai?ioiiiaeueii-e?oi’yia ? eiia?ei?iiaa

i?iieneia?noue

0,482

2,07

Iie?a?ao?/ia i?iieneia?noue 0,429 2,33

Iaaee/ia i?iieneia?noue 0,511 1,96

Iineeaiiy ?ie? aea?aeaae a ?aaoethaaii? iieaoe i?aoe?, ia ia?aeiiaiiy
aeena?oaioa, ia? cae?enithaaoeny ca oaeeie iai?yiaie:

a) ocaiaeaeaiiy neeaaeiaeo aeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee, aeeth/ath/e no?oeoo?io,
oe?iiao, iiaeaoeiao, ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/io oiui, ? ?aae?caoe?y caoiae?a,
ni?yiiaaieo ia iineeaiiy nioe?aeueii? aoaeoeaiino? ?aoi?i, ia c?inoaiiy
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe iaeii/anii c ?aoi?ioaaiiyi ?ioeo neeaaeiaeo iaoai?cio
ainiiaea?thaaiiy;

a) oi?ioaaiiy no/aniiai iiaiioe?iiiai ?eieo i?aoe? ? aeei?enoaiiy
?eieiaiai naii?aaoethaaiiy ye aaaeeeai? neeaaeiai? aieeao ia ia?aiao?e
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe;

a) i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ae?yeueiino? i?aai?a aeeiiaa/i? aeaaee o
?aae?caoe?? caeiiiaeaa/i aecia/aieo iiaiiaaaeaiue uiaei anoaiiaeaiiy
oiia ? ?ici???a iieaoe i?aoe?;

a) caeiiiaeaa/a caaacia/aiiy ?icaeoeo nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa;

ae) aeoea?caoe?y ae?yeueiino? i?aai?a aea?aeaaii? aeeiiaa/i? aeaaee e
i?noeaaiai naiia?yaeoaaiiy ye noa’?eo?a nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa o
oi?ioaaii? oaiae ia iaoe?iiaeueiiio, aaeocaaiio, ?aa?iiaeueiiio
(oa?eoi??aeueiiio) ??aiyo;

a) cai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeiaeaoeiaeo caoiae?a, ni?yiiaaieo ia caoeno
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe;

?) iineeaiiy eiio?ieth ca aeio?eiaiiyi caeiiiaeaanoaa uiaei iieaoe
i?aoe?.

Oaaeeoey 2

Ni?aa?aeiioaiiy iieaciee?a aeeiai?ee ?aaeueii? ca?ia?oii?
ieaoe, ianya?a

ae?iaieoeoaa ? i?iaeoeoeaiino? i?aoe? ca 1991-1996 ??.
(aaca – 1990 ?.)

Cieaeaiiy ca 1991-1996??., %

Aaeoc? ?aaeueii?

ca?ia?oii?

ieaoe ianya?a

i?iaeoeoe?? i?iaeoeoea- iino? i?aoe?

I?iieneia?noue, o o?i /ene?: 66,7 50,0 29,0

Aeaeo?iaia?aaoeea 41,2 35,0 50,0

Iaeeaia i?iieneia?noue 65,6 59,0 49,0

*i?ia iaoaeo?a?y 52,3 54,0 51,0

O?i?/ia oa iaooio?i?/ia i?iieneia?noue

63,6

60,0

46,0

Iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy ? iaoaeiia?iaea

76,6

63,0

36,0

– iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy 77,9 70,0 46,0

E?niaa, aea?aaiia?iaia, oeaetheicii-iaia?iaa i?iieneia?noue

77,2

54,0

35,0

I?iieneia?noue aoae?aaeueieo iaoa??ae?a

73,1

75,0

65,0

Eaaea i?iieneia?noue 80,7 76,0 61,0

– oaenoeeueia 82,0 86,0 76,0

– oaaeia 79,1 43,0 8,0

– oe??yia, ooo?iaa oa acooo?aa 82,2 76,0 60,0

Oa?/iaa i?iieneia?noue 57,8 57,0 50,0

– oa?/iniaeiaa 53,8 40,0 33,0

– i’ynia e iiei/ia 61,2 72,0 66,0

– ?eaia 83,4 56,0 33,0

17. Iecueeee ??aaiue iii?iaeueii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ??
ieaoini?iiiaei?noue ia?aoai?eeeny iei? a iaeei c aieiaieo /eiiee?a
aaeueioaaiiy aeiiii?/ieo ?aoi?i, ye?niiai a?aeoai?aiiy ?iai/i? neee,
oaoiieia?/iiai iiiaeaiiy ae?iaieoeoaa. C iaeyaeo ia oea i?ia?aeiith
neeaaeiaith aeaeueoiai ?aoi?ioaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia? noaoe
?aae?caoe?y aea?aeaaieie i?aaiaie (ca o/anoth nioe?aeueieo ia?oia??a)
eiioeaioe?? c?inoaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe a eiioaeno? c ?aoi?ioaaiiyi
iaoai?cio ainiiaea?thaaiiy a oe?eiio. I?aeaeuaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ye
ia?aaeoiiaa ae??oaiiy oe?eiai eiiieaeno nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo i?iaeai
ia? cae?enithaaoeny iiaoaiii c iaeii/aniith ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??th
nia?aa?oino? i?iaeoeoe?? ? oe?i, ci?iith nenoaie iiiaeaoeoaaiiy,
cai?iaaaeaeaiiyi iaoai?cio ?ano?nicaa?aaeaiiy, c?inoaiiyi
i?iaeoeoeaiino? i?aoe?, oaeineiiaeaiiyi ?ioeo neeaaeiaeo iaoai?cio
ainiiaea?thaaiiy, ni?yiiaaieo ia caaacia/aiiy aeiiii?/iiai c?inoaiiy.

Aoaeoeai?noue ?aae?caoe?? iniiaieo iieiaeaiue, ui aeieeaathoue c
eiioeaioe?? c?inoaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, cia/iith i??ith caeaaeaoeia a?ae
oiai, iane?eueee caaaeaiith, ae?eiaith aoaea iie?oeea aea?aeaae uiaei
anoaiiaeaiiy i?i?iaeueii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe (ICI), caaacia/aiiy aeeiiaiiy
inoaiiueith aeanoeaeo ?e ooieoe?e. Iiaoaiia i?aeaeuaiiiy ICI ?
iaaeeaeaiiy ?? aei aa?o?nii? aaee/eie iaae? iaeicaaacia/aiino? a
?ic-?aooieo ia i?aoeacaeaoio iniao oa aei i?iaeeoeiaiai i?i?ioio,
aecia/aiiy yeiai ia?aaeaa/aia Eiinoeoooe??th Oe?a?ie, caa?aaeaiiy
i?aeeaae?o?eaoe?eieo ni?aa?aeiioaiue o iieao? i?aoe?, ia?aaeaa/aieo
aaeocaaeie oaiaeaie e eieaeoeaieie aeiaiai?aie i?ae-i?e?inoa, aieeaaoeia
ia i?aeaeuaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe an?o eaoaai??e i?aoe?aiee?a.

Iaeii/anii ?c cai?iaaaeaeaiiyi cacia/aiiai ii?yaeeo i?aeaeuaiiy
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ia aeoieo aaoi?a, ia? ai?iaaaeaeoaaoeny iaoai?ci
ia?aaeyaeo noaaie iiaeaoe?a ? a?ae?aooaaiue c aeioiae?a i?aei?e?inoa.
*anoea iiaeaoe?a ? a?ae?aooaaiue o oe?i? i?iaeoeoe?? iei? iaaei??o
aeniea ? iaeaea ia ia? aiaeia?a o na?oia?e i?aeoeoe?. ?? o?aaa
ciaiooaaoe c oaeei, iaeiae, ?ic?aooieii, uia oe?ia iaeeieoe? i?iaeoeoe??
c o?aooaaiiyi c?inoaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe caeeoaeany iaci?iiith aai oaae
iaea oaiaeaioe?th aei cieaeaiiy.

I?eioeeiiai aaaeeeaith neeaaeiaith ?aoi?ie ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ui
i?iiiio?oueny, ia? noaoe cai?iaaaeaeaiiy iiaiai, i???ioiaaiiai ia
?ano?nicaa?aaeaiiy i?aeoiaeo aei iiiaeaoeoaaiiy i?eaooeo i?aei?e?inoa.
Oea aeoaea aaaeeeai c iaeyaeo ia cia/io /anoeo i?ii?aeiiai niiaeeaaiiy o
aaeiaiio aeioneo a oe?eiio ii ia?iaeiiio ainiiaea?noao oa no?eeo
oaiaeaioe?th aei c?inoaiiy aeo?aoiino? ia ae?iaieoeoa?. Iaaeaoe nenoai?
iiiaeaoeoaaiiy i?eaooeo ?ano?nicaa??aath/iai iioaioe?aeo iaiiaeeeai aac
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? noaaie caeaaeii a?ae aeaea?ae io?eiaiiy i?eaooeo
(caaeuaiiy oe?i, cieaeaiiy nia?aa?oino?, ca?eueoaiiy o?ce/ieo ianya?a
ae?iaieoeoaa oiui).

Aeaeueoa aaeineiiaeaiiy iaoai?cio a?aeoai?aiiy ?iai/i? neee, i?aeaeuaiiy
/anoee ca?ia?oii? ieaoe o AAI ia? cae?enithaaoeny iaeii/anii ?c
caoiaeaie aeey oeea?e?ciaaiiai a?aaoethaaiiy aac?ia?ooy, iinooiiaiai,
eiio?ieueiaaiiai ia?aaaaeaiiy i?eoiaaiiai aac?ia?ooy o eaaaeuei? oi?ie.

Iio?aao? aaeineiiaeaiiy /eiiee ii?yaeie aecia/aiiy aaeiaeo aeo?ao oa
nia?aa?oino? i?iaeoeoe??. C iaeyaeo ia ??cea cieaeaiiy ?aaeueii?
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe oa iaiaaeai?noue o?iainiaeo ?ano?n?a aeey ??
ca?eueoaiiy iai?eionoeiei ? ia?iio?aonoai, iiaeeea?noue a?aeianaiiy ia
nia?aa?o?noue i?iaeoeoe?? iai?iaeoeoeaieo iaoa??aeueieo ?
iaiaoa??aeueieo aeo?ao, a?aenooi?noue ia aaaaoueio i?aei?e?inoaao
aoaeoeaieo nenoai iaoa??aeueiiai caioi/aiiy ?ano?nicaa?aaeaiiy.

?ioa?ane i?aeaeuaiiy i?i?iaeueii? aa?aio?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, iineeaiiy
?? ?ie? a ?aae?caoe?? aea?aeaaii? nioe?aeueii? iie?oeee iio?aaothoue
aaeineiiaeaiiy i?aaiai? aace iaa?oiooaaiiy ICI. I?eioeeiiai aaaeeeaei
ia? noaoe iiaee ii?yaeie caoaa?aeaeaiiy ICI, a naia, anoaiiaeaiiy ye
caaaeueiiaea?aeaaiiai, oae ? ?aa?iiaeueieo ?? ??ai?a. Iaiao?aei?noue
oeueiai iia’ycaia c? cia/ieie ?aa?iiaeueieie a?aei?iiinoyie aa?oino?
aeeooy, /iai ia iiaeia ?aii?oaaoe, aecia/ath/e ICI.

Ia?aaeaa/aiee /eiiei caeiiiaeaanoaii ia?aaiai?iee i?ioean ii?aoethaaiiy
i?iiiceoe?e uiaei aaee/eie ICI ca o/anoth noi??i, ye? ia’?aeiaeeny aeey
aaaeaiiy ia?aaiai??a ? oeeaaeaiiy aaia?aeueii? oaiaee, iio?aao?
a?aeiia?aeiiai i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai caaacia/aiiy ( noai?aiiy
iaaieo i?aai?a, iaoai?ci?a, iaoiaeee, i?ioeaaeo? oiui. Iio?aaothoue
aeiiiaiaiiy /eii? caeiiiaeaa/? aeoe c iieaoe i?aoe? noiniaii e?eoa???a
aecia/aiiy ICI. Iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? c oeeo ieoaiue ?
aaaeeeaith neeaaeiaith ?ic?iaeaiiai aaoi?ii i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

18. Iio?aao? aaeineiiaeaiiy ? oaeee ?aaoeyoi? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ye
anoaiiaeaiiy oiia ? ?ici???a ca?ia?oii? ieaoe aee?aeoi?nueeiai ei?iono.
I?iiiio?oueny a?aeiiaeoenue a?ae /eiiiai ii?yaeeo oi?ioaaiiy ye
oa?eoii?, oae ? iaaeoa?eoii? neeaaeiai? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ea??aiee?a
i?aei?e?inoa, ea?aeeiaeueii ci?ieaoe ?? no?oeoo?o.

Aaoi? ia?aeiiaiee, ui iniiaiith neeaaeiaith aeiaai?iaee ca i?aoeth
ea??aieea i?aei?e?inoaa ia? aooe iinaaeiaee ieeaae, yeee caeaaeaoeia
a?ae ianooaa?a i?aei?e?i-noaa ? neeaaeiino? ea??aieoeoaa (a?oie c iieaoe
i?aoe?), a oaeiae ia?niiaeueia iaaeaaaea, ??aaiue eio?i? caeaaeeoue a?ae
ae?eiaeo yeinoae eiie?aoiiai ea??aieea. Oe? neeaaeia? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe
iiaeia ia’?aeiaoe ? ?icaeyaeaoe ye “ia?niiaeueiee ieeaae”. Io?eiaiiy
oaeiai ia? ia?aaeaa/aoe aeinyaiaiiy ?acoeueoao?a, iaoiiaeaieo o
eiio?aeo?.

Aeaniee aai aiiaiiaaaeaiee iei i?aai iiaea aeei?enoiaoaaoe e oaeee
aoaeoeaiee can?a iaoa??aeueii? iioeaaoe?? ye aeieaoa ?aciai? i?ai?? ca
oiiae, ui ae?yeuei?noue ea??aieea ca i?a??//y aai ??e aoaea aeciaii
oni?oiith, a eiio?aeoi? ciaia’ycaiiy ia?aaeeiiaii. Neeaaeiaith
eiio?aeoieo oiia iieaoe i?aoe? ia? aooe ia?aooaaiiy ea??aieeai
i?aei?e?inoa aa?aio?eieo ? eiiiainaoe?eieo aeieao, ia?aaeaa/aieo
o?oaeiaei caeiiiaeaanoaii, a oaeiae cao?eniaaieo o eieaeoeaiiio
aeiaiai?? i?aei?e?inoaa.

19. I/aaeaeiith ? iaiao?aei?noue ia?aaeyaeo aea?aeaaii? iie?oeee
iiiaeaoeoaaiiy aeioiae?a a?iiaaeyi. Neeaaeiaeie cai?iiiiiaaii? aaoi?ii
nenoaie iiiaeaoeoaaiiy aeioiae?a a?iiaaeyi ?: i?aeaeuaiiy
iaiiiaeaoeiaoaaiiai i?i?ioio, ui oiaiiaeeeaeoue ?icoe?aiiy iiey
iiiaeaoeoaaiiy ca ?aooiie iecueeiiiea/oaaieo eaoaai??e i?aoe?a-iee?a;
caeiiiaeaa/a cae??ieaiiy ii?yaeeo anoaiiaeaiiy ? ia?aaeyaeo
iaiiiaeaoeiaoaaiiai i?i?ioio, aa??aioii yeiai iiaea aooe cai?iaaaeaeaiiy
“ei?eaei?o” iaiiiaeaoeiaoaaiiai i?i?ioio o ni?aa?aeiioaii? ?c
na?aaeiueith ca?ia?oiith ieaoith; anoaiiaeaiiy iiai? oeaee noaaie
i?eaooeiaiai iiaeaoeo c aeioiae?a a?iiaaeyi, yeo i?iiiio?oueny
iiaoaeoaaoe a oaeee niin?a, uia aiia oiaiiaeeeaethaaea io?eiaiiy iaaeoi
aenieeo aeioiae?a, ye? ca no/anieo oiia ia?aaaaeii i?/ei ia aei?aaaeai?,
? ia aeiioneaea cia/ii? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? aeioiae?a; cieaeaiiy noaaie
iiiaeaoeoaaiiy aeioiae?a a?iiaaeyi c iecueeeie ? na?aaei?ie aeioiaeaie,
ui ia? ni?eyoe a?aeiiaeaiith eoi?aaeueii? ni?iiiaeiino? aeiiii?/ii
aeoeaiiai ianaeaiiy; oaeee ii?yaeie iiiaeaoeoaaiiy aeioiae?a aoaeue-yeeo
eaoaai??e ianaeaiiy, eio?ee ia no?eioaaoeia iioeaaoe?? aei i?aoe?;
iaci?ii?noue noaaie iiiaeaoeoaaiiy aeioiae?a a?iiaaeyi i?ioyaii
athaeaeaoiiai ?ieo.

20. ?nio? iaiao?aei?noue nooo?aiai aaeineiiaeaiiy nenoaie aeiaia??iiai
?aaoethaaiiy nioe?aeueii-o?oaeiaeo a?aeiinei. Aiii iiaea aooe aoaeoeaiei
ca iaaieo oiia ? iaei??th c aieiaieo ? i?aaiaa caaacia/aiiy aeiaia??ieo
canaae aecia/aiiy iie?oeee ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

Aeaeueoiai caeiiiaeaa/iai a?aaoethaaiiy iio?aao?: aecia/aiiy noi??i ?
noa’?eo?a nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa; ye?nia iaiiaiaiiy ci?noo oaiae ?
aeiaiai??a, ui oeeaaeathoueny ia aea?aeaaiiio, aaeocaaiio,
?aa?iiaeueiiio e ae?iaie/iio ??aiyo; cae??ieaiiy iine?aeiaiino?
oeeaaeaiiy e aecia/aiiy noa?e ae?? oaiae ? aeiaiai??a; aecia/aiiy
nenoaie i?aeii?yaeeoaaiiy ii?i oaiae ? aeiaiai??a, ui oeeaaeathoueny ia
??cieo ??aiyo; i?ioeaaeo?i? ieoaiiy aaaeaiiy ia?aaiai??a oa oeeaaeaiiy
oaiae ? aeiaiai??a.

Ci?noii aaia?aeueii? oaiaee, ye iaeiiai c iniiaieo ii?iaoeaieo aeo?a o
aaeoc? iieaoe i?aoe?, iathoue aooe oae? i?eioeeiia? ieoaiiy iie?oeee
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ye: a) /anoea ca?ia?oii? ieaoe o AAI; a) i?i?iaeueiee
?ici?? oa?eoii? noaaee ia?oiai ?ic?yaeo, aeoiaey/e c aea?aeaaii?
aa?aio?? i?i?iaeueii? iieaoe i?aoe? ? i?iaeeoeiaiai i?i?ioio; a)
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy ??ai?a oa?eoieo noaaie ia?oiai ?ic?yaeo (i?i?iaeuei?
noaaee iieaoe i?aoe?) o ??cieo aaeocyo aeiiii?ee c o?aooaaiiyi
neeaaeiino? e oiia aeeiioaaieo ?ia?o; a) i?i?iaeuei? ?ici??e aeiieao ?
iaaeaaaie aei oa?eoieo noaaie (iinaaeiaeo ieeaae?a), ui iathoue
i?aeaaeocaaee oa?aeoa?; ae) ii?yaeie ia?aaeyaeo (?i-aeaenaoe??)
i?i?iaeueiiai ?ici??o oa?eoii? noaaee ia?oiai ?ic?yaeo, aeoiaey/e c
aeeiai?ee niiaeea/eo oe?i ia oiaa?e ? iineoae, ci?ie aoaeoeaiino?
ae?iaieoeoaa; a) i?ae-aaeocaa? ii?iaoeai? aeoe c ieoaiue oa?eo?eaoe?? ?
ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?; ?) ieaeiy iaaea /anoee iniiaii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe o
aeiaai?iae? ca i?aoeth a ia?iaeiiio ainiiaea?noa?.

Aeaoi?iaoe??, ye? neeaeeny a iieao? i?aoe? ca oiia oeaio?ae?ciaaii?
ieaiiai? aeiiii?ee ? iineeeeeny ia aoai? ?eieiai? o?ainoi?iaoe??
aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie, iio?aaothoue i?aeaeuaiiy ?ie? aaia?aeueii? oaiaee a
?aaoethaaii? iieaoe i?aoe?. Ca no/anieo cia/ieo “ia?aein?a” o ca?ia?oi?e
ieao? aaaaea?ii ca iaiao?aeia o iaeaeeae/? 2-3 ?iee aeeth/aoe aei
aaia?aeueii? oaiaee ? oae? ii?ie: a) i?i?iaeuei? aa?aio?? uiaei iieaoe
i?aoe? ca neeaaei?noth aeeiioaaieo ?ia?o (eaae?o?eaoe??th), anoaiiaeai?
ca ?ic?yaeaie ?aeeii? oa?eoii? n?oee; a) ni?aa?aeiioaiiy a ae?aiacii?
oa?eoii? n?oee (iaeaeuiai iinaaeiaiai ieeaaeo e i?i?iaeueii? oa?eoii?
noaaee).

Iio?aao? aeiaeaoeiaiai caeiiiaeaa/iai a?aaoethaaiiy ? ci?no oaiae ia
aaeocaaiio ??ai? noiniaii oiia iieaoe i?aoe?. Iaiao?aeii cae??ieoe a
caeiiiaeaanoa? e ?aae?-coaaoe ia i?aeoeoe? iieiaeaiiy, ui a aaeocaa?e
oaiae? iathoue aooe a?aeia?aaeai?: a) ?ic-i??e oa?eoieo noaaie ia?oiai
?ic?yaeo (i?i?iaeueieo noaaie iieaoe i?aoe?) ca in-iiaieie aeaeaie ?ia?o
? ae?iaieoeoa; a) ii?yaeie ia?aaeyaeo (?iaeaenaoe??) i?i?iaeueieo noaaie
iieaoe i?aoe?, aeoiaey/e c aeeiai?ee niiaeea/eo oe?i ia oiaa?e ?
iineoae, ci?ie aoaeoeaiino? ae?iaieoeoaa; a) ae?aiacii aaeocaai? ?aeeii?
oa?eoii? n?oee ? aaee/eia oa?eoieo eiao?oe??io?a ca eiaeiei ?c
?ic?yae?a; a) i?i?iaeueiee ?ici?? aeiieao ? iaaeaaaie aei oa?eoieo
noaaie (iinaaeiaeo ieeaae?a), ui a?aeia?aaeathoue aaeocaao niaoeeo?eo;
ae) i?aeaaeocaa? e aaeocaa? ii?iaoeai? aeoe c ieoaiue oa?eo?eaoe?? ?
ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?; a) ieaeiy iaaea /anoee iniiaii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe o
aeiaai?iae? ca i?aoeth a eiaei?e aaeoc? ia?iaeiiai ainiiaea?noaa; ?)
oiiae c?inoaiiy oiiae?a iieaoe i?aoe?.

Iaaeinoaoiuei a?aaoeueiaaiei o caeiiiaeaa/iio ieai? caeeoa?oueny ci?no
oaiae ia ?aa?iiaeueiiio ??ai? ye o oe?eiio, oae ? noiniaii ?aaoethaaiiy
iieaoe i?aoe?. Aeae? a i??o i?aeaeuaiiy ?ie? ?aa?ii?a o aecia/aii?
aeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee, ?icoe?aiiy i?aa i?noeaaeo aea?aeaaei?i?no?aoe?e
uiaei oi?aae?iiy aea?aeaaiith aeani?noth, noai?aiiy ?aa?iiaeueieo
(oa?eoi??aeueieo) i?aai?a nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa i?ia?aeio ?ieue o
?aaoethaaii? iieaoe i?aoe? iathoue a?ae?a?aaaoe ?aa?iiaeuei?
(oa?eoi??aeuei?) oaiaee i?ae-aaeocaaiai (i?aei?ioan?eiiai) oa?aeoa?o. Ia
iei?oiueiio aoai? (i?ioyaii i?eiaei-i? 2-3 ?ie?a) ii?ie ?aa?iiaeueieo
(oa?eoi??aeueieo) oaiae noiniaii iieaoe i?aoe? ia-thoue iioe?thaaoeny ia
i?aei?e?inoaa eiioiaeueii? aeaniino?, i?aai?caoe??, ui o?iainothoueny /e
aeioothoueny c i?noeaaeo athaeaeao?a, ? aeeth/aoe o? nai? ii?ie, ui e
aaeocaa? oaiaee. Oea iio?aao? aianaiiy a?aeiia?aeieo aeiiiaiaiue aei
Caeiio Oe?a?ie “I?i eieae-oeai? aeiaiai?e ? oaiaee” oa i?enei?aiiy
?aae?caoe?? cai?iiiiiaaiiai ia i?aeoeoe?.

O aeena?oaoe?? i?noyoueny oaeiae iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei
oii?yaeeoaaiiy oa ?icoe?aiiy ci?noo eieaeoeaieo aeiaiai??a noiniaii oiia
? ?ici???a ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

Aei iniiaieo i?e/ei, ui no?eiothoue i?aeaeuaiiy ae?eiaino? aeiaia??iiai
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ne?ae a?aeianoe i?aaiao iaaecia/ai?noue
ii?yaeeo oi?ioaaiiy ? ooieoe?iioaaiiy ia’?aeiaiue ?iaioiaeaaoe?a ia
??cieo ??aiyo nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa. Ia a?aei?io a?ae
i?aaenoaaieoeueeeo i?aai?a iaeiaieo i?aoe?aiee?a i?aaenoaaieoeuee?
i?aaie ?iaioiaeaaoe?a eeoa oi?iothoueny, aea aac iaeaaeiiai i?aaiaiai
caaacia/aiiy. Ca oeeo oiia ia?oi/a?aiaiai cia/aiiy iaaoaa? i?eeiyooy
Caeiio Oe?a?ie “I?i ia’?aeiaiiy ?iaioiaeaaoe?a”.

Iaei??th c caaaeueiina?oiaeo i?iaeai aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy
nioe?aeueii-o?oaeiaeo a?aeiinei ia i?eioeeiao nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa
? cieaeaiiy /eainoaa iaeiaieo i?aoe?aiee?a o i?ioni?eeao. Ia aeoieo
aaoi?a, iio??aia i?eeiyooy caiia?aeieo caoiae?a, ni?yiiaaieo ia
caa?aaeaiiy neeueieo iiceoe?e aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy
nioe?aeueii-o?oaeiaeo a?aeiinei ca oiia cieaeaiiy /eainoaa o
i?ioni?eeao.

Aaaaea?ii ca iaiao?aeia i?eeiyooy a Oe?a?i? iiaeo caeiiiaeaa/eo aeo?a,
ye? a ?aaeaiaiooaaee cai?iaaaeaeaiiy i?ia?aneaieo oi?i “ni?ao/ano?”
iaeiaieo i?aoe?aiee?a a oi?aae?ii? ae?iaieoeoaii oa caaacia/oaaee
i?aeaeuaiiy ?ie? o?oaeiaiai eieaeoeao a ?aaoethaaii?
nioe?aeueii-o?oaeiaeo a?aeiinei. Ae??oaiith oe??? i?iaeaie ni?eyei a
i?eeiyooy Caeiio Oe?a?ie “I?i iaoai?ci nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa ia
??ai? i?aei?e?inoaa”.

?icae?e 6. Aaeineiiaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia
i?aei?e?inoaao

21. Aecia/aeueio ?ieue a i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia i?aei?e?inoa?
ia? a?ae?a?aaaoe oa?eoia nenoaia. Oaa?aeaeaiiy aeayeeo aeiiii?no?a, ui
oa?eoia nenoaia – oea ia?aaeeoie ieaiiai? oeaio?ae?ciaaii? aeiiii?ee, ?
aaci?aenoaaiei. “Ia aieno?oueny” o ?eieiao aeiiii?eo eeoa caieaeaiee,
c??aiyeueiee oa?aeoa? aecia/aiiy ?? ia?aiao??a oa oeaio?ae?ciaaiee
ii?yaeie caoaa?aeaeaiiy e ia?aaeyaeo oe??? nenoaie.

Iniiaiei iai?yiii oaeineiiaeaiiy oa?eoiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe
ia i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao Oe?a?ie ia? noaoe cai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?aeeii?
aio/ei? oa?eoii? nenoaie, i??i?eoaoia i?aai ia ?ic?iaeo yei? iaeaaeeoue
noi?iiai nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa ia ae?iaie/iio ??ai?. I?iiiceoe??
aaoi?a ioiieththoue aeaa iao?aaeeoe?ei? i?aeoiaee aei iiaoaeiae oa?eoii?
nenoaie – cai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?aeeii? oa?eoii? n?oee (?ON) ? anoaiiaeaiiy
nenoaie aio/eeo oa?eoieo noaaie (ieeaae?a). Aieiaia ia?aaaaa ?ON –
iayai?noue ?aeeiiai oi?o?eiaaiiai i?aeoiaeo aei ioe?iee neeaaeiino?
?ia?o ? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? oa?eoieo oiia iieaoe i?aoe? an?o eaoaai??e
ia?niiaeo oa i?aeaeuaiiy noeioethth/i? ?ie? oa?eoii? nenoaie. Nooo?aei ?
caiia?aaiiy eiio?iioaoe?? ?ia?oiee?a, c iaeiiai aieo, ? neoaeaiaoe?a, –
c ?ioiai, uiaei aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? oa?eoieo noaaie ? iinaaeiaeo ieeaae?a,
yea aeineoue /anoi i?iyaey?oueny ca a?aeie?aieaii? ?ic?iaee oa?eoieo
oiia iieaoe i?aoe?. Aaaeeeaei ? oaeiae ? ni?iuaiiy oi?ioaaiiy ?aeeii?
oa?eoii? nenoaie.

?aeeia aio/ea oa?eoia nenoaia o aa??aio?, ui i?iiiio?oueny aaoi?ii, a
ocaaaeueiaiiio aeaeyae? aoaeo?oueny, aeoiaey/e c oaeeo iieiaeaiue: 1)
cai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?aeeiiai oi?o?eiaaiiai i?aeoiaeo uiaei ioe?iee
neeaaeiino? ?ia?o ? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? oa?eoieo oiia iieaoe i?aoe? an?o
eaoaai??e ia?niiaeo ia iniia? ?ON; 2) aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? oa?eoieo noaaie
(ieeaae?a) a iaaeao eiaeiiai ?ic?yaeo ca e?eueeiia ??aiyie aai c
aeei?enoaiiyi “aeeee” noaaie (ieeaae?a); 3) aecia/aiiy eiie?aoiiai ??aiy
oa?eoii? noaaee (ieeaaeo) a iaaeao eiaeiiai ?ic?yaeo ca ?acoeueoaoaie
eiiieaeniiai ioe?ithaaiiy i?aoe?aiee?a; 4) iiaeeeaino? ye i?aeaeuaiiy,
oae ? cieaeaiiy oa?eoii? noaaee (ieeaaeo) caeaaeii a?ae ?acoeueoao?a
ioe?iee o ca?oiiio ia??iae?; 5) ii?aoethaaiiy nenoaie iieaciee?a, ye?
oa?aeoa?ecothoue ye?noue ? oa?i?ie aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o, ?i?oe?aoeao,
iiaaoi?noai, i?ioan?eia c?inoaiiy, naiino?ei?noue, oai?/ee i?aeo?ae aei
aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o oiui aeey eiiieaeniiai ioe?ithaaiiy i?aoe?aiee?a; 6)
?aae?caoe?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai i?aeoiaeo aei ??cieo
i?ioan?eii-eaae?o?eaoe?eieo a?oi i?aoe?aiee?a ca ?ic?iaee iieaciee?a ?
e?eoa???a ioe?iee.

22. Nooo?aee ?aaoethth/ee aieea ia ca?ia?oio ieaoo ia? ni?aaeyoe
ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?. Ne?ae iieeanoe e?ae ?aaoethaaiith ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia
iniia? noa’?eoeaieo, oae caaieo aeina?aeii-noaoenoe/ieo ii?i ye
neeaaeiai? caeeoiai iaoai?cio “i?ecia/aiiy”, “aeaaaeaiiy” ca?ia?oeo.
Ae?th/? ii?ie o?oaeiaeo aeo?ao iathoue iiaiioe?iii aeeiioaaoe ooieoe?th
i??e i?aoe?, aooe neeaaeiaith i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, iniiaith
iaeaaiaeaeoaaiiy i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa. Aeaeueoa iaoooaaiiy
ii?ioaaiiyi i?aoe?, a?aeianaiiy eiai aei ae?oai?yaeieo iaoai?ci?a
ainiiaea?thaaiiy iaoeia ae?ae iaaaoeai? iane?aeee ? a ia?niaeoea?,
aaeaea o oao?aoe?a noi?iothoueny caieaeai? aeiiae aei yeino? o?oaeiaeo
ii?i, a ?ia?oieee ?icaeyaeaoeiooue caieaeai? ii?ie ae?ia?oeo ye cae/io
?aaeuei?noue.

Caoiaee, ui iathoue aooe ni?yiiaai? ia aaeineiiaeaiiy ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?,
oiiaii iiaeia iiae?eeoe ia aea? a?oie. Ia?oa – oea caoiaee, iia’ycai? c
ei?eaoaaiiyi eo?no aeiiii?/ieo ?aoi?i, aianaiiyi ci?i aei oe?iiai?,
iiaeaoeiai?, o?iainiai-e?aaeeoii? iie?oeee c iaoith noai?aiiy iaoai?cio
ca?ioa?aniaaiino? noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy a ?ano?nicaa?aaeaii?,
?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? aeaiaio?a oe?ie, cieaeaii? ?? aeo?aoii? neeaaeiai?.
Ae?oaa a?oia caoiae?a aaciina?aaeiuei iia’ycaia c oaeineiiaeaiiyi
ii?iaoeaiiai, i?aai?caoe?eiiai, eaae?iaiai, o?iainiaiai, ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai
caaacia/aiiy ?icoe?aiiy noa?e ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe? ? i?aeaeuaiiy eiai
yeino?.

Aei ia?oi/a?aiaeo caoiae?a, ni?yiiaaieo ia iie?ioaiiy ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?,
ye? aeeth/aii aei ae?oai? a?oie, ne?ae a?aeianoe: oaeineiiaeaiiy
ii?iaoeaii-i?aaiai? aace, ui ?aaoeth? o?oaeia? a?aeiineie; noai?aiiy
nenoaie ?ic?iaee e iiiiaeaiiy i?aeaaeocaaeo ? aaeocaaeo ii?iaoea?a
o?oaeiaeo aeo?ao, neeaaeiaeie yei? ? i?aenenoaie o?iainiaiai,
i?aai?caoe?eiiai, eaae?iaiai caaacia/aiiy; oaeineiiaeaiiy i?aai?caoe??
ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe? ia ??ai? i?aei?e?inoa; ?ic?iaeo aaoiiaoeciaaieo nenoai
ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?; iiiaeaiiy iaoiaee/ii? aace ?ic?iaee ii?iaoea?a c
i?aoe?; i?aeaioiaeo e i?aeaeuaiiy eaae?o?eaoe?? oao?aoe?a c ii?ioaaiiy
i?aoe?; oi?ioaaiiy iiaiai oyaeaiiy uiaei ?ie? ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe? ca
no/anieo oiia, ci?io ineoieia?? ea??aiee?a, aeey yeeo ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?
o?aaeeoe?eii aoei e caeeoa?oueny caniaii caaacia/aiiy “iaiao?aeiiai”
??aiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe; i?aeaeuaiiy ?ie? nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa a
oaeineiiaeaii? ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?.

23. C iaoith i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia i?aei?e?inoaao aeoaea
aaaeeeai a eiaeiiio eiie?aoiiio aeiaaeeo ?aoaeueii iaa?oiooaaoe
canoinoaaiiy oi?i ? nenoai ca?ia?oii? ieaoe. Ia aeoieo aaoi?a,
iioaioe?ae a?ae?yaeii? oi?ie iieaoe i?aoe? ia i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao
Oe?a?ie iaeaea ae/a?iaiee. Iaeaooi? ca ii/aniaith oi?iith, yea ia?
aacoaaoeny ia iaa?oioiaaieo ii?iao, ac??oeaa?e i?aai?caoe?? i?aoe?, ia?
oa?a?aoe a naaa e?au? ?aaeaiaioiaai? aeaiaioe a?ae?yaeii? oi?ie iieaoe
i?aoe?.

Iio?aao? oaeiae ia?aaeyaeo i?aeoeea canoinoaaiiy eieaeoeaieo oi?i iieaoe
i?aoe?. sse a?aeiii, o 80-o? ?iee ia??aeei /a?ac aaei?i?no?aoeaiee oene
? aeaieio “iiae?”, eieaeoeaia oi?ia i?aai?caoe?? oa iieaoe i?aoe? iaaoea
iioe?aiiy i?aeoe/ii ia an?o i?aei?e?inoaao. I?ioa aeaeaei ia ne??cue oey
oi?ia aeiaaea naith aeeoo?caeaoi?noue ? aoaeoeai?noue, a oiio iaia?
iaiao?aeiino? ?? ooo/ii caa??aaoe. O aeena?oaoe?? iaaaaeaii o? aeaee
?ia?o oa i?aai?caoe?eii-oaoi?/i? oiiae ae?iaieoeoaa, ca iayaiino? yeeo
iiaea aooe aeioe?eueiei canoinoaaiiy eieaeoeaieo oi?i iieaoe i?aoe?.

24. C iaoith i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? iaoa??aeueiiai noeioethaaiiy
aaoi?ii ?ic?iaeaii “oaoiieia?th” i?iaeooaaiiy oa cai?iaaaeaeaiiy
i?ai?aeueii? nenoaie ia i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao Oe?a?ie. Neeaaeiaeie
nenoaie ?: iaa?oiooaaiiy eiie?aoieo iieaciee?a oa oiia i?ai?thaaiiy;
aecia/aiiy ?oiueiai ??aiy (aeo?aeii? aaee/eie) ? ?aoe?iiaeueii?
e?eueeino?; iaa?oiooaaiiy “ii?iao a?ae/ooiino?” i?ai?e oa

ia??iaee/iino? i?ai?thaaiiy; i?iiiceoe?? noiniaii cai?iaaaeaeaiiy
?iaeea?aeoaeueiiai e eieaeoeaiiai i?ai?thaaiiy; aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y
?ici???a i?ai?? aeey ??cieo eaoaai??e ia?niiaeo.

Iiae /an oi?ioaaiiy i?aiiaeueii? nenoaie i?iiiio?oueny aeio?eioaaoeny
oaeeo iieiaeaiue: i?aiiy ia ia?aoiao?oueny ca aeiyeueiinoue i?aoeiaieea,
ui ? iaia’yceiaith oa iiea/o?oueny a iaaeao iinoieii? (oa?eoii?) /anoeie
ca?iaioii? ieaoe; ia iiaeia aeciaoe aeioeieueiith aeieaoo i?aii? ca
iioeaaie, ia ca’ycaieie c ?iaioith (aeoiae ia iainith, iacaaeiaieueiee
iaoa?iaeueiee noai oiui); iacia/ia ca ?icii?aie, aea oe?iea ca
ioiieaiiyi i?aoeiaieeia i iaaeoi /anoa i?aiithaaiiy ni?eeia?oueny ye
noaaieueia oi?ia aeieao i ia?anoa? aooe /eiieeii-iioeaaoi?ii.

Aeey i?eaaaeaiiy iieacieeia, oiia, aeoiaeieo ?iaiia i?aiithaaiiy i
?icii?ia i?aii? o aiaeiiaiaeiinoue aei iio?aa ae?iaieoeoaa, oiia ?iaioe
neiae ui?i/ii, iaeii/anii ic oi?ioaaiiyi (ooi/iaiiyi) ieaio aeiiiii/iiai
?icaeoeo (aician-ieaio) ia ianooiiee ?ie, ia?aaeyaeaoe /eiia iieiaeaiiy
i?i i?aiithaaiiy.

25. Iio?aao? nooo?aiai aaeineiiaeaiiy i?aeoeea anoaiiaeaiiy aeiieao ?
iaaeaaaie. A?eueo?noue ?o, ye ? ?ai?oa, ni?yiiaaii ia noeioethaaiiy
?icoe?aiiy ooieoe?iiaeueieo iaia’yce?a ? i?aeaeuaiiy caaaioaaeaiino?
i?aoe?aiee?a. Iei? oe?iea canoinoaaiiy icia/aieo aeiieao ?, ye i?aaeei,
iaaei?aaaeaiei ye ia oeo i?aei?e?inoaao, ui ciaeoee naith “i?oo” ia
?eieo oiaa??a, oae ? ia oeo, aea cia/ii nei?ioeeeny ianyae ae?iaieoeoaa,
a iacaaaioaaeai?noue i?ia?ano?. Canoinoaaiiy oeeo aeiieao ? aeioe?eueiei
eeoa a oeo aeiaaeeao, ye? ia?aaeaa/athoue ?aaeueio iaiao?aei?noue
aeiaeaoeiaiai ca?eueoaiiy ?ioaineaiino? ?iaioe a iaaeao o?eaaeino?
?iai/iai aeiy.

Iio?aao? aaeineiiaeaiiy i yeiaea?eueoiai iioe?aiiy i?aeoeea anoaiiaeaiiy
aeiieao i iaaeaaaie ca aenieo i?ioanieio iaenoa?iinoue, iniaenoi aeieiai
yeinoi i?aoeiaieeia. A?ae eaaeioieiaaieo, oai?/eo eaae?ia, i?i?ioiaaieo
ia iinoieiee iiooe iiaiai, ? /e ia iaeaieiaiioei aeaoioeeoii aeey
aieueoinoi iiaei?e?inoa. Caeo/aiiy iiaeo eaaeioieiaaieo eaae?ia,
oo?eiaiiy iayaieo, ?icaeoie ?oi?o caeiaiinoae iiaeeeai ca oiiae
aeiaeaoeiaeo noeioeia, o o?i /enei iiaeaeuaiiy aeieiainoi aeiieao i
iaaeaaaie. Inoaii?, o naith /a?ao, iio?aao? ae?ioaiiy oaeeo i?iaeai, ye
aeai? e?eoa?i?a aeey anoaiiaeaiiy aeiieao i iaaeaaaie oa aecia/aiiy ?o
?icii?ia aeey eiaeiiai eiie?aoiiai i?aoeiaieea.

Ca iiaeo aeiiii?/ieo oiia i?aeaeuo?oueny ?ieue iaaeaaaie ? aeiieao
niaoe?ae?noai ca aenie? aeinyaiaiiy o i?aoe?, a oaeiae ca aeeiiaiiy
iniaeeai aaaeeeaeo ? a?aeiia?aeaeueieo ?ia?o. Oe?iea ?o canoinoaaiiy ?
aeioe?eueiei c iaeyaeo ia oae? ianoaaeie. Ii-ia?oa, c’yaey?oueny
iiaeeeainoue ia’?eoeaiioa ioeiieoe o?oaeiaee aianie eiie?aoieo
niaoeiaeinoia i noeioethaaoe ?o aei aeeiiaiiy iaeneeaaeiioeo i
iaeaiaeiiaiaeaeueiioeo ?iaio. Ii-ae?oaa, niaoeiaeinoai, aianie yeeo o
?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe aeyaeoueny iaeaieueoei, iaaea?oueny e aeua iieaoa.
Ii-o?ao?, iaaeaaaee ? oei aeaiaioii ca?iaioii? ieaoe niaoeiaeinoia, yeee
aea? ciiao nenoaiaoe/ii ?? ei?eaoaaoe iiae?aii aei caieueoaiiy
ca?iaioii? ieaoe ?iaioieeia-aiae?yaeieeia ca aeeiiaiiy e ia?aaeeiiaiiy
ieie anoaiiaeaieo ii?i ae?iaioeo.

O aeena?oaoe?? i?noyoueny aaeaioiaai? aei ?eieiaeo oiia ainiiaea?thaaiiy
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei aeai?o iaeaeioe?euei?oeo aeae?a
aeiieao ? iaaeaaaie caeaaeii a?ae i?aai?caoe?eii-oaoi?/ieo oiia
ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoaa oa caaaeaiue eiai ?icaeoeo; aecia/aiiy
e?eoa???a aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? aeiieao ? iaaeaaaie; iaa?oiooaaiiy ?ici???a
oeeo aeaiaio?a ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

AENIIAEE

?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aeathoue ciiao c?iaeoe
aeniiaee eiioeaiooaeueiiai, oai?aoe/iiai e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/iiai
ni?yioaaiiy, iniiaieie c yeeo ? oae?:

1. Noaiiaeaiiy a Oe?a?i? aeiiii?ee ?eieiaiai oeio coiiaeth?
iaiao?aei?noue oi?ioaaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, aaeaeaaoiiai iiaei aeiiii?/iei oiiaai.

Ii/eiath/e c 1991 ?. ia i?aei?e?inoaao ? a i?aai?caoe?yo Oe?a?ie
aei?iaoaaii e?eueea i?aeoiae?a aei ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe. I?ioa
ca a?aeii aeeaieeo oai?aoe/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue iniaeeainoae
ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?iciiae?eueieo a?aeiinei ia aoai? ia?aoiaeo aei ?eieo,
ii?aoeueiaaii? ii?iaoeaii-iaoiaee/ii? aace ? i?aeoe/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e a
aaeoc? iieaoe i?aoe?, iaiine?aeiaiino?, iai?iaeoiaiino? ae?e i?aai?a
nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa, aei?iaoaai? ca inoaii? n?i ?ie?a caoiaee aeey
noaiiaeaiiy iiaiai i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia aeaee aaaeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Cai?noue eieeoiuei?
iica?eieiai? iiaeae? i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia ??ai? aea?aeaae
iei? a Oe?a?i? oaeoe/ii ae?? ?? iica?eieiaa iiaeaeue ia ??ai?
i?aei?e?inoaa. Oey iiaeaeue i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe iaeaea
ia?anoaea aooe ?iciiae?eii ca i?aoeath, i?ioa ia noaea ?iciiae?eii ca
aa?o?noth (oe?iith) iineoa ?iai/i? neee.

2. Ca aaaaoiiai?oiino? oi?i aeaniino? e ainiiaea?thaaiiy iioei?caoe?y
ia?aiao??a ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ? iiaeeeaith /a?ac ii?aeiaiiy ?eieiaiai
naii?aaoethaaiiy, aea?aeaaiiai oa aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy, iaoai?cio
aecia/aiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe aaciina?aaeiuei ia
i?aei?e?inoa? (o no?oeoo?iiio i?ae?icae?e?), yeee ia?aaeaa/a?
aeei?enoaiiy oaeeo aeaiaio?a, ye oa?eoia nenoaia, ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?,
oi?ie ? nenoaie ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

Ci?no neeaaeiaeo i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, aaeaeaaoiiai oiiaai ia?ao?aeiiai ia??iaeo,
aecia/a?oueny oa?aeoa?ii aeiiii?/ieo ia?aoai?aiue, ??aiai
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo, noaiii nioe?aeueii-o?oaeiaeo
a?aeiinei ? ia? oi?ioaaoeny ia aeeeaaeaieo o aeena?oaoe??
oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/ieo canaaeao, ye? nooo?ai ??ciyoueny a?ae oeo, ui
aoee iieeaaeai? a iniiao ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe o ieaiia?e
oeaio?ae?ciaaiee aeiiii?oe?.

3. Iaaaeueia iio?aaa a?aeiiaeaiiy oa i?aeaeuaiiy a?aeoai?thaaeueiiai e
iioeaaoe?eiiai iioaioe?ae?a aeiaai?iaee ca iineoae i?aoe? coiiaeth?
iaiao?aei?noue iineeaiiy ?ie? aea?aeaae a ii?aoethaaii? e ?aae?caoe??
iie?oeee ca?ia?oii? ieaoe. Iaeiae oea iineeaiiy ia ia? i?/iai ni?eueiiai
c iiaa?iaiiyi aei “i?ecia/aiiy” oiia ? ?ici???a ca?ia?oii? ieaoe c aieo
aea?aeaae, ia /iio iaaieioo? /eiaei oai?aoee?a ? i?aeoee?a.

Aaeineiiaeaiiy aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia?
cae?enithaaoeny ca oaeeie iai?yiaie, ye ocaiaeaeaiiy neeaaeiaeo
aeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee ? ?aae?caoe?y caoiae?a, ni?yiiaaieo ia iineeaiiy
nioe?aeueii? aoaeoeaiino? ?aoi?i; oi?ioaaiiy no/aniiai ?eieo i?aoe?;
ni?eyiiy ?icaeoeo nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa; ii?iaoeaii-i?aaiaa
caaacia/aiiy caoenoo ca?ia?oii? ieaoe oiui. Iai?yie oa eiie?aoi?
iaoai?cie ?aae?caoe?? oeeo caoiae?a ? neeaaeiaith ?ic?iaeaieo aaoi?ii
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/-ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e, ni?yiiaaieo ia aaeineiiaeaiiy
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

4. Ooo/ia i?eiaioaiiy aa?oino? iineoa ?iai/i? neee ia?aoeiaeaea?
aeiiii?/iiio c?inoaiith, ye?niiio a?aeoai?aiith ?iai/i? neee, ae??oaiith
oe?eiai ?yaeo ?ioeo nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo i?iaeai. Oiio i?ia?aeiith
neeaaeiaith aeaeueoiai ?aoi?ioaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia? noaoe
?aae?caoe?y aea?aeaaieie i?aaiaie ca o/anoth nioe?aeueieo ia?oia??a
eiioeaioe?? c?inoaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe a eiioaeno? c ?aoi?ioaaiiyi ?ioeo
neeaaeiaeo iaoai?cio ainiiaea?thaaiiy.

O aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? i?noyoueny iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe??
uiaei iaoai?cio ?aae?caoe?? oaei? eiioeaioe??.

5. Iacaaeia?eueiee noai aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia
an?o ??aiyo nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa oiaiiaeeeaeth? iiaiioe?iio
?aae?caoe?th ?? iniiaieo ooieoe?e. C iaoith i?aeaeuaiiy cia/ouino?
aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe iaiao?aeii aianoe nooo?a?
ci?ie aei /eiiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa o noa?? nioe?aeueii-o?oaeiaeo
a?aeiinei, a naia: ?icoe?eoe ci?no oaiae ? aeiaiai??a, ui oeeaaeathoueny
ia aea?aeaaiiio, aaeocaaiio, ?aa?iiaeueiiio e ae?iaie/iio ??aiyo;
onoaiiaeoe iine?aeiai?noue ?o oeeaaeaiiy; aecia/eoe noa?o ae?? oa
ooi/ieoe i?aeii?yaeeiaai?noue ii?i ??cieo oaiae ? aeiaiai??a;
?aaeaiaiooaaoe ?io? neeaaeia? aeiaia??ieo canaae aecia/aiiy iie?oeee
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

O aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? i?noyoueny eiie?aoi? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei
iai?yi?a ? ci?noo aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia an?o
??aiyo nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa.

6. ?eieia? ia?aoai?aiiy a Oe?a?i? ia aoaeooue oni?oieie, yeui
aeiei??iieo ci?i ia noaiaoueny o eeth/ia?e – ae?iaie/?e eaioe?.
Cae?eniaiiy oaeeo ?aaeeeaeueieo caoiae?a, ye ci?ia oi?i aeaniino?,
aeaiiiiiie?caoe?y aeiiii?ee, noai?aiiy ?eieiai? ?io?ano?oeoo?e ua ia
icia/a? aaoiiaoe/iiai ae??oaiiy aaee/acii? iane i?iaeai, iia’ycaieo c
oii?yaeeoaaiiyi ae?iaie/iai aeeooy i?aei?e?inoa. Iaaiaee, iio??ai?
??oo/? ae??, cia/i? coneeey, eii?oea i?aai?caoe?eia ?iaioa aeey
i?eaaaeaiiy ae?iaie/eo a?aeiinei ia i?e?i??ai? o a?aeiia?aei?noue c
iae?iaeiiii?/ieie ia?aoai?aiiyie.

Aaaeeeaith neeaaeiaith nenoaie iioei?caoe?? iieaoe i?aoe? ?
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci aecia/aiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueii?
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia i?aei?e?inoa? (o no?oeoo?iiio i?ae?icae?e?).
Inoaii?e, aoaeo/e o?nii iia’ycaiei c aeaiaioaie aea?aeaaii-aeiaia??iiai
?? ?aaoethaaiiy oa ?eieiaei naii?aaoethaaiiyi, ia? caaacia/eoe
ia’?eoeaio aeeoa?aioe?aoe?th o?oaeiaiai aeioiaeo caeaaeii a?ae /eiiee?a,
ui aieeaathoue ia oi?ioaaiiy aa?oino? iineoa ?iai/i? neee. Neeaaeiaeie
oeueiai iaoai?cio ? caaiaenueea oa?eoia nenoaia, ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?,
oi?ie e nenoaie ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

7. sse iniiaiee iai?yi oaeineiiaeaiiy oa?eoiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii?
ieaoe ia i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao Oe?a?ie ne?ae ?icaeyaeaoe
canoinoaaiiy ?aeeii? aio/ei? oa?eoii? nenoaie, a ye?e ia’?aeiothoueny
?aeeia oa?eoia n?oea ? nenoaia aio/eeo oa?eoieo noaaie (ieeaae?a).
I?eioeeie ?? iiaoaeiae oa iniiai? iieiaeaiiy uiaei ci?noo oa iaoai?cio
canoinoaaiiy ? neeaaeiaith iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e, ui
i?noyoueny a aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio?.

8. I?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia
iiaea aooe aoaeoeaiei, yeui /eii? ii?ie o?oaeiaeo aeo?ao ia aeeiiothoue
ooieoe?th i??e i?aoe?. Iaaeiioe?iea ?ie? ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe? ia? ae?ae
iaaaoeai? iane?aeee, ine?eueee oiaiiaeeeaeth? aeinyaiaiiy iioeiaeueieo
ni?aa?aeiioaiue i?ae i??ith i?aoe? oa ?? iieaoe, ia ni?ey? i?aeaeuaiith
iioeaaoe?? o?oaeiai? ae?yeueiino?, iaeaaiaeaeaiith i?aai?caoe??
ae?iaieoeoaa, c?inoaiith i?iaeoeoeaiino? i?aoe?.

Aeey aeinyaiaiiy a?ae/ooieo iiceoeaieo ci?i o ii?ioaaii? i?aoe?
iaiao?aeii cae?enieoe eiiieaen i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ieo caoiae?a.
Iaei? c ieo iia’ycai? c ei?eaoaaiiyi eo?no aeiiii?/ieo ?aoi?i, ci?iaie o
oe?iia?e, iiaeaoeia?e, o?iainiai-e?aaeeoi?e iie?oeoe? c iaoith noai?aiiy
iaoai?cio ca?ioa?aniaaiino? noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy o
?ano?nicaa?aaeaii?, ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? aeaiaio?a oe?ie, cieaeaii? ??
aeo?aoii? neeaaeiai?. ?io? caoiaee iathoue aooe ni?yiiaai? ia
aaeineiiaeaiiy ii?iaoeaiiai, i?aai?caoe?eiiai, eaae?iaiai, o?iainiaiai,
?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy ?icoe?aiiy noa?e ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe? e
i?aeaeuaiiy eiai yeino?.

Aeeeaaeaiee o aeena?oaoe?? eiie?aoiee ci?no oeeo caoiae?a ne?ae
?icaeyaeaoe ye aaaeeeao neeaaeiao iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e c
iioei?caoe?? ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

9. Eiaeia i?aei?e?inoai ia? nei?enoaoeny ?acoeueoaoaie iaoeiaeo
aeine?aeaeaiue, ia?aaeiaei aeina?aeii aeey aeai?o iaei?eeiyoi?oeo oi?i
? nenoai ca?ia?oii? ieaoe c iaoith ae??oaiiy aeai?aeeiiai caaaeaiiy:
caaacia/eoe iieaoo i?aoe? eiaeiiai i?aoe?aieea a?aeiia?aeii aei
e?eueeino?, yeino? e ?acoeueoao?a eiai i?aoe? oa aa?oino? iineoa ?iai/i?
neee ia ?eieo i?aoe?; caaacia/eoe ?iaioiaeaaoeth aeinyaiaiiy a i?ioean?
ae?iaieoeoaa oaeiai ?acoeueoaoo, yeee aeaa ae eiio ciiao a?aeoeiaeoaaoe
aeo?aoe, io?eiaoe i?eaooie, cae??ieoe nai? iiceoe?? ia ?eieo oa
?icoe?eoe naith “i?oo”.

Iaa?oioiaoth/e canoinoaaiiy eiie?aoieo oi?i ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, iaiao?aeii
a?aooaaoe, ui iioaioe?ae a?ae?yaeii? oi?ie aaea iaeaea ae/a?iaii.
Ia?niaeoeaiith ? ii/aniaa oi?ia iieaoe i?aoe?, yea ia? aacoaaoeny ia
i?ia?aneaieo ii?iao o?oaeiaeo aeo?ao, ac??oeaa?e i?aai?caoe?? i?aoe? e
oa?a?aoe a naaa e?au? ?aaeaiaioiaai? aeaiaioe a?ae?yaeii? oi?ie.

Caaacia/eoe aieea ia iiaaae?ieo ia?niiaeo /a?ac iaoa??aeuei? noeioee
yeiaeaeioe?euei?oa ? a iaei?eeiyoi?oiio iai?yi? iiaeia ca oiiae
aeio?eiaiiy iaaieo aeiia aei ?ic?iaee nenoaie i?ai?thaaiiy ? ia?aaeon?i
aei aecia/aiiy iieaciee?a ? oiia i?ai?thaaiiy, ?o ?iciaaeoaaiiy,
iaa?oiooaaiiy ?ici???a i?ai??. Ca e?eoa??e ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? o??? /e
?ioi? nenoaie i?ai?thaaiiy ne?ae aeciaoe ?aaeueio ca?ioa?aniaai?noue
i?aoe?aiee?a o aeinyaiaii? iaeneiaeueieo ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo ? eieaeoeaieo
?acoeueoao?a i?aoe?, iiaiiio aeei?enoaii? naiai oai?/iai iioaioe?aeo.
A?aeia?aaeaiiyi ?aaeueii? ca?ioa?aniaaiino?, ?? i?iyaii, ?aae?caoe??th
ia i?aeoeoe? ? aeinyaiaiiy no?aoaa?/ieo ? oaeoe/ieo oe?eae
i?aei?e?inoaa, yeeie iiaeooue aooe: iaenei?caoe?y i?eaooeo, ?icoe?aiiy
?eie?a caooo, i?aeaeuaiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? i?iaeoeoe??, ?icaeoie
ia?niiaeo oiui.

Neeaaeiaith iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e, ui i?noyoueny a
aeena?oaoe??, ? i?iiiceoe?? uiaei iaa?oiooaaiiy aeai?o iaeaoaeoeai?oeo
oi?i ? nenoai ca?ia?oii? ieaoe oa ?ic?iaeai? aaoi?ii i?aaeea
iaoa??aeueiiai caioi/aiiy.

10. O eiiieaen? i?iaeai, aaciina?aaeiuei iia’ycaieo c caaacia/aiiyi
ia’?eoeaii? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ?iaeea?aeoaeueii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe,
aaaeeeaa ?ieue ia? iaeaaeaoe aeiieaoai ? iaaeaaaeai. Inoaii? c iaeyaeo
ia ooieoe?iiaeueia i?ecia/aiiy ? oeie aeaiaioaie oa?eoii? nenoaie, ca
aeiiiiiaith yeeo eiiiainothoue aai aeiaai?iaeaeothoue ca nooo?a?
a?aeoeeaiiy a?ae oiia ?iaioe, aeciaieo ca ii?iaeuei?, ? eio??
aaciina?aaeiuei ia a?aoiaothoueny a oa?eoieo noaaeao ? iinaaeiaeo
ieeaaeao.

?ioa?ane i?aeaeuaiiy iioeaaoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo ca?ia?oii? ieaoe
iio?aaothoue oaeineiiaeaiiy /eiii? i?aeoeee anoaiiaeaiiy aeiieao ?
iaaeaaaie. Iaiao?aeii i?iaanoe iaaio “?aa?c?th” oe??? nenoaie, ui
noi?ioaaeany ca oiia ieaiiai? oeaio?ae?ciaaii? aeiiii?ee ? oe?iei
aeei?enoiao?oueny ca no/anieo oiia. Iio?aao? aaeineiiaeaiiy e anaa?/iiai
iioe?aiiy i?aeoeea anoaiiaeaiiy aeiieao ? iaaeaaaie ca aenieo i?ioan?eio
iaenoa?i?noue, iniaeno? ae?eia? yeino? i?aoe?aiee?a, ca aenie?
aeinyaiaiiy o i?aoe?, a oaeiae ca aeeiiaiiy iniaeeai aaaeeeaeo ?
a?aeiia?aeaeueieo ?ia?o.

INIIAI? IOAE?EAOe?? AAOI?A C OAIE AeENA?OAOe??

Iiiia?ao?? oa
a?ioo?e

Eieio A.I. Iieaoa i?aoe? ia i?aei?e?inoa?: i?aai?caoe?y oa
oaeineiiaeaiiy. – E.: o??ia “I?aoey”, 1997. – 192 n.

Eieio A.I. Iioeaaoe?y, noeioethaaiiy e ioe?iea ia?niiaeo: Iaa/aeueiee
iin?aiee. – E.: EIAO, 1998. – 224 n.

Aa?aiia A.I., Aeaithe A.I., Eieio A.I. Iioeaaoe?y ? noeioethaaiiy i?aoe?
a oiiaao ia?aoiaeo aei ?eieo. – Iaeana: IEOA, 1995. – 96 n.(aaoi?o
iaeaaeeoue 36 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: ?ice?eoi nooi?noue aa?oino? e oe?ie iniaeeaiai oiaa?o,
ui eoio?oueny ? i?iaea?oueny ia ?eieo i?aoe?, aena?oeaii nooi?noue
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ye aeiiii?/ii? eaoaai??? ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee, ??
ooieoe?? ? i?eioeeie; aeeeaaeaii oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/i? canaaee
aea?aeaaii- aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

Eacaiianueeee A.A., Eieio A.I. Nioe?aeueia ia?oia?noai ia ?eieo i?aoe?.
– E?aiaoi?nuee: Aeae. Iaoe?iiaeueiiai oeaio?o i?iaeoeoeaiino?, 1995. –
152 n. (aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue 86 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: aeeeaaeaii i?e?iaeo ? noni?eueio ooieoe?th
nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa, ci?no oaiae ? eieaeoeaieo aeiaiai??a oa
ii?yaeie ?o oeeaaeaiiy a Oe?a?i?; ocaaaeueiaii ca?oa?aeiee aeina?ae
nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa; i?aaenoaaeaii iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei
cai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeiaia??iiai ?aaoethaaiiy nioe?aeueii-o?oaeiaeo
a?aeiinei ia iaoe?iiaeueiiio, aaeocaaiio ? ae?iaie/iio ??aiyo.

Aeaithe A.I., Eieio A.I. Ca?ia?oia ieaoa a iiaeo oiiaao
ainiiaea?thaaiiy. – E.: Ciaiiy, 1993. – 44 n. (aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue 22 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: aena?oeaii nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/io nooi?noue ca?ia?oii?
ieaoe, aecia/aii no?oeoo?o ? ci?no ?? ooieoe?e, ?ice?eoi aeaiaioe
i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe a aeiiii?oe? ?eieiaiai oeio.

Aa?aiia A.I., Aeaithe A.I., A?eiaiei A.I., Eieio A.I., *a?iia A.?.
Ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?: I?ae?o/iee. – E.: A?IIE, 1995. – 208 n. (aaoi?o
iaeaaeeoue 62 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: aena?oeaii ?ieue ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe? o ooieoe?iioaaii?
?eieiai? aeiiii?ee, eiai cia/aiiy a i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe;
?ice?eoi oai?aoe/i? ? i?aeoe/i? aniaeoe i?aai?caoe?? ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?
ia i?aei?e?inoaao.

Iniiae aeiiii?/ii? oai???. *anoeia 2 / Ca caaaeueiith ?aae. A.A.*ooia. –
E., 1994. – 256n. (aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue 47 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: aeeeaaeaii oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/i? iniiae o?oaeiaeo
a?aeiinei ? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe (oaia 15).

Iniiae ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee / Ca ?aae.A.I.Iaothoa. – E.:O?iaeae,1995. –
400 n. (aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue 30 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: aena?oeaii oai?aoe/i?, iaoiaee/i? ? i?aeoe/i? ieoaiiy
uiaei ci?noo oa iai?yi?a oaeineiiaeaiiy nioe?aeueii? iie?oeee, ?ice?eoi
ci?no i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia i?aei?e?inoaao, aeeeaaeaii
oai?aoe/i? iniiae nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa ia ?eieo i?aoe?.

Iaaeaaae?a N.A., Eieio A.I., Uaoei?i I.A. I?ae?yaei? oi?ie i?aai?caoe??
i?aoe? a IAI “Aeaeo?ii”. – E.: Oaoi?ea, 1991. – 80 n. (aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue
34 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie : aeeeaaeaii ii?yaeie ia?aaaaeaiiy oeao?a
(ae?eueieoeue) ia eieaeoeaiee i?ae?yae oa i?aai?caoe?th ?o
aini?ic?aooieiai? ae?yeueiino? a oiiaao eieaeoeaiiai i?ae?yaeo,
iaaaaeaii iaoiaeeeo oi?ioaaiiy oiiaeo iieaoe i?aoe? i?ae?yaeiiai
eieaeoeao.

Aiaeiy Ae.I., Aiae?eaiei A.O., Aaae/ A.I. e ae?. I?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue
o?oaea: oaeoi?u e ?aca?au ?inoa. – E.: Iaoeiaa aeoiea, 1983. – 232 n.
(aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue 11 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: a?aeia?aaeaii i?noea ii?ioaaiiy a iaoai?ci? oi?aae?iiy
i?aoeath oa oai?aoe/i? canaaee iioei?caoe?? ni?aa?aeiioaiiy i??e i?aoe?
? ?? iieaoe.

Eueia A.E., Ae?/aiei I.O., Eieio A.I. e ae?. IIO iiioaaeieea
?aaeeiaiia?aoo?u.- E.: Oaoieea, 1985. – 95 n. (aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue 43 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: ?ice?eoi oai?aoe/i? ? i?aeoe/i? aniaeoe i?aai?caoe??
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ?ia?oiee?a, iniaeeaino? iaoa??aeueiiai noeioethaaiiy
iiioaaeiee?a ?aae?iaia?aoo?e.

Aeaithe A.I., Eiaea?eiia E.A., Eieio A.I., A?eai?aiei A.A. Iao/iay
i?aaiecaoeey o?oaea eiaeaia?a. – E.: Oaoieea, 1981. – 166 n. (aaoi?o
iaeaaeeoue 85 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: ?ice?eoi iaoiaeieia?/i? iniiae ii?ioaaiiy ?iaeaia?ii?
i?aoe?, ioe?ithaaiiy yeino? ?iaioe, i?aai?caoe?? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe
niaoe?ae?no?a.

Aaeaia A.I., Aeaithe A.I., Eieio A.I. Iooe aeinoeaeaiey i?iaeoiie
o?oaeiaieinoe i?iiuoeaiiie i?iaeoeoeee. – E.: Oaoieea, 1987. – 128 n.
(aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue 88 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: aeeeaaeaii iaoiaeieia?th aecia/aiiy e?i?oii?,
i?iaeoii? ? ieaiiai? o?oaeii?noeino? i?iaeoeoe??, iaa?oioiaaii oeyoe
aeinyaiaiiy i?iaeoii? o?oaeii?noeino? ia i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao.

Aeaithe A.I., Eieio A.I. I?aaiecaoeeiiiue iaoaieci oi?aaeaiey
o?oaeiaieinoueth i?iiuoeaiiie i?iaeoeoeee. – E.: EY AI ONN?, 1983. – 50
n. (aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue 28 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: aena?oeaii neeaaeia? iaoai?cio oi?aae?iiy
o?oaeii?noe?noth i?iaeoeoe??, ?ice?eoi ?ieue oi?aae?iiy o?oaeii?noe?noth
a iioei?caoe?? aeo?ao ia ca?ia?oio ieaoo.

Eioaineoeeaoeey nioeeaeenoe/aneie yeiiiieee: A 5 o., 6 ei. / O.5:
Nioeeaeueiua aniaeou eioaineoeeaoeee. – E.: Iaoeiaa aeoiea, 1990. – 400
n. (aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue 17 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: iiaeaii nenoaiiee aeeeaae oai?aoe/ieo ? i?aeoe/ieo
canaae ii?ioaaiiy e iieaoe i?aoe? a iaoai?ci? ?ioaineo?eaoe?? o?oaeiaeo
i?ioean?a.

Noaoo? o niaoe?ae?ciaaieo aeo?iaeao ?
ca??ieeao

Aeaithe A., Eieio A. Na?oiaee aeina?ae nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa//
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Iniaenoee aianie: aena?oeaii aeina?ae ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia
i?eioeeiao nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa.

Eieio A. Ca?oa?aeiee aeina?ae iaoa??aeueiiai noeioethaaiiy ia?niiaeo //
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Eieio A. I?i?iaeueia ca?ia?oia ieaoa a Oe?a?i?. I?iaeaie, ui
aeieeathoue i?ae /an ?? anoaiiaeaiiy // Iaoa??aee O?enoi?iiiueiai
nai?ia?o c ieoaiue iie?oeee ca?ia?oii? ieaoe a Oe?a?i?. I?ii?aoe?
Oe?a?ie, I?aeia?iaeia ath?i i?aoe?, I?aeia?iaeiee aaethoiee oiiae. – E.,
1996. – N. 26-30.

Eieio A.I. Ca?ia?oia ieaoa: i?oe oa ?aaeuei?noue // O?yaeiaee eo?’??. –
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Eieio A. I?i?iaeueia ca?ia?oia ieaoa a Oe?a?i?: ooieoe?? oa i?iaeaie ??
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Eieio A. Ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe? ? eiai ?ieue o ooieoe?iioaaii? aeiiii?ee
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Eieio A. ?iciiae?euei? a?aeiineie a oiiaao ia?aoiaeo aei ?eieiai?
aeiiii?ee: i?iaeaie, aeaye? oeyoe oaeineiiaeaiiy // Iioaioe?ae
oi?aae?inueeeo nenoai, ieoaiiy oi?ioaaiiy oa ?icaeoeo. Iaoa??aee
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Eieio A. Nioe?aeuei? noaiaea?oe oa ?o ?ieue o ?aae?caoe??
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Eieio A. Aa?o?noue ? oe?ia iineoa ?iai/i? neee: oai?aoe/i? aniaeoe
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Eieio A., Iniaee A. Nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/i? aniaeoe ?aoi?ioaaiiy nenoaie
iieaoe i?aoe? a Oe?a?i? // Oe?a?ia: aniaeoe i?aoe?. – 1995. – ? 7-8. –
N. 20-22. (aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue 2 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: aeaii ioe?ieo noaio aeeiiaiiy ca?ia?oiith ieaoith
i?eoaiaiieo ?e ooieoe?e, ?ice?eoi iaaaoeai? nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/i?
iane?aeee iie?oeee ooo/iiai no?eioaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe.

Eieio A.I. ?aoi?ia nenoaie iieaoe i?aoe? a Oe?a?i?: iaa?aeeeaaei?
caoiaee // Aeiiii?ea Oe?a?ie oa oeyoe ?? iiaeaeueoiai ?aoi?ioaaiiy.
Iaoa??aee Anaoe?a?inueei? ia?aaee aeiiii?no?a. – E.: Aaiaca, 1996. – N.
281-282.

Eieio A.I. Iia? aniaeoe ?iciiae?eueieo a?aeiinei a oiiaao ia?aoiaeo aei
?eieiai? aeiiii?ee // Ieoaiiy iie?oe/ii? aeiiii??. Aei. 219. – E.:
Eea?aeue, 1991. – N. 65-72

Eieio A.I. I?aaiecaoeey iieaou o?oaea a Oe?aeia: ninoiyiea e
oaiaeaioeee ?acaeoey // ?uiie o?oaea: ca?aaioiay ieaoa e caiyoinoue:
Iaoa?eaeu Iaaeaeoia?iaeiie i?ionithciie eiioa?aioeee ii aii?inai
ca?aaioiie ieaou e caiyoinoe. – I.: I?ioecaeao, 1997. – N. 144-153.

Eieio A.I. Niaa?oainoaiaaiea ii?ie?iaaiey o?oaea a oneiaeyo iieiiai
oic?an/aoa e naiioeiaine?iaaiey // Oai?ey e i?aeoeea ia?ano?ieee
oicyenoaaiiiai iaoaiecia. Iaoa?eaeu Ananithciie iao/iie eiioa?aioeee.-
I.: IAO, 1990. – N. 54-56.

Eieio A.I., Eieio A.I. Nioe?aeueia iie?oeea ? nioe?aeueiee caoeno:
iiaee ci?no, i?iaeaie noaiiaeaiiy // I?iaeaie oi?ioaaiiy ?eieiai?
aeiiii?ee: I?aea?aeii/ee iaoeiaee ca??iee.Aei 2. – E.,1992. – N. 28-37.
(aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue 6 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: iaa?oioiaaii ?ieue ca?ia?oii? ieaoe a ?aae?caoe??
nioe?aeueii? iie?oeee, ?ice?eoi ?? iiaee ci?no ia aoai? noaiiaeaiiy
?eieiaeo a?aeiinei.

Eieio A.I., Eieio A.I. I?aai?caoe?y iieaoe i?aoe? a oiiaao ia?aoiaeo
aei ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee // I?iaeaie oi?ioaaiiy ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee:
I?aea?aeii/ee iaoeiaee ca??iee. Aei.1. – E.: Eea?aeue, 1992. – N. 34-40.
(aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue 4 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie: iaa?oioiaaii iniiai? neeaaeia?
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/-iiai iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ca
ia?ao?aeieo aei ?eieo oiia.

32. Nioe?aeueia ia?oia?noai ia ?eieo i?aoe? Oe?a?ie / TH.I.Ia?oaa?i,
N.A.Aaeoiaiei, A.I.Aeaithe, I.N.C?i/aiei, A.I.Eieio, I.A.Ia?oeiaiei :
Iaa/. iin?aiee.- E., 1998.- 152 n. (aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue 12 n.).

Iniaenoee aianie : aena?oeaii ca?oa?aeiee aeina?ae nioe?aeueiiai
ia?oia?noaa oa i?iaeaie oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoeo nioe?aeueiiai ia?oia?noaa
a Oe?a?i?.

33. Eieio A.I.Oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/i? aniaeoe aa?oino? ? oe?ie iineoa
?iai/i? neee // Caeiyo?noue oa ?eiie i?aoe?. I?aea?aeii/ee iaoeiaee
ca??iee.Aei 6. – E., 1998. – N. 167-179.

Aiioaoe?y

Eieio A.I. I?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii?
ieaoe ? oeyoe eiai aaeineiiaeaiiy (ia iaoa??aeao i?iieneiaeo
i?aei?e?inoa Oe?a?ie). – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a aeiiii?/ieo iaoe ca
niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.06.01 – Aeiiii?ea i?aei?e?inoaa ? i?aai?caoe?y
ae?iaieoeoaa. – Ee?anueeee iaoe?iiaeueiee aeiiii?/iee oi?aa?neoao,
i.Ee?a, 1998.

Aeena?oaoe?y i?noeoue iaoeiaa iaa?oiooaaiiy eiioeaiooaeueieo canaae
uiaei no?oeoo?e ? ci?noo i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao.

?ic?iaeaii eiiieaen i?aaiaeo, aeiiii?/ieo ? i?aai?caoe?eieo caoiae?a,
ni?yiiaaieo ia i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aea?aeaaii-aeiaia??iiai
?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, cai?iiiiiaaii iaiiaieoe i?eioeeiiai iiaei
ci?noii aaia?aeueio, aaeocaa?, ?aa?iiaeuei? oaiaee e eieaeoeai?
aeiaiai?e i?aei?e?inoa.

Iaa?oioiaaii eiioeaiooaeuei? i?aeoiaee oa ?ic?iaeaii iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?
?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy oa?eoiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ca?ia?oii?
ieaoe, aeai?o ?? oi?i ? nenoai, cai?iaaaeaeaiiy iiaeo i?eioeei?a ?
i?aaee iaoa??aeueiiai caioi/aiiy, oaeineiiaeaiiy ii?ioaaiiy ye caniao
iioei?caoe?? i??e i?aoe? oa ?? iieaoe.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: ca?ia?oia ieaoa, aa?o?noue (oe?ia) iineoa ?iai/i? neee,
aeiiii?ea i?aei?e?inoaa, i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci, oa?eoia
nenoaia, oi?ie e nenoaie ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?,
aea?aeaaii-aeiaia??ia ?aaoethaaiiy, eieaeoeaiee aeiaia??.

Aiiioaoeey

Eieio A.I. I?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneee iaoaieci ?aaoee?iaaiey
ca?aaioiie ieaou e iooe aai niaa?oainoaiaaiey (ia iaoa?eaeao
i?iiuoeaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee Oe?aeiu). – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie aeieoi?a yeiiiie/aneeo iaoe ii
niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.06.01 – Yeiiiieea i?aaei?eyoey e i?aaiecaoeey
i?iecaiaenoaa. – Eeaaneee iaoeeiiaeueiue yeiiiie/aneee oieaa?neoao,
a.Eeaa, 1998.

Aeenna?oaoeey niaea?aeeo iao/iia iainiiaaiea eiioeaiooaeueiuo iniia
no?oeoo?u e niaea?aeaiey i?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneiai iaoaiecia
?aaoee?iaaiey ca?aaioiie ieaou ia i?iiuoeaiiuo i?aaei?eyoeyo.

?ac?aaioai eiiieaen i?aaiauo, yeiiiie/aneeo e i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo ia?,
iai?aaeaiiuo ia iiauoaiea yooaeoeaiinoe ainoaea?noaaiii-aeiaiai?iiai
?aaoee?iaaiey ca?aaioiie ieaou, i?aaeeaaaaony iaiieieoue i?eioeeieaeueii
iiaui niaea?aeaieai aaia?aeueiia, io?aneaaua, ?aaeiiaeueiua niaeaoaiey e
eieeaeoeaiua aeiaiai?a i?aaei?eyoee.

Iainiiaaiu eiioeaiooaeueiua iiaeoiaeu e ?ac?aaioaiu iao/ii-i?aeoe/aneea
?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii niaa?oainoaiaaieth oa?eoiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey ca?aaioiie
ieaou, auai?o aa oi?i e nenoai, aiaae?aieth iiauo i?eioeeiia e i?aaee
iaoa?eaeueiiai iiiu?aiey, niaa?oainoaiaaieth ii?ie?iaaiey eae n?aaenoaa
iioeiecaoeee ia?u o?oaea e aai iieaou.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: ca?aaioiay ieaoa, noieiinoue (oeaia) oneoa ?aai/ae
neeu, yeiiiieea i?aaei?eyoey, i?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneee iaoaieci,
oa?eoiay nenoaia, oi?iu e nenoaiu ca?aaioiie ieaou, ii?ie?iaaiea o?oaea,
ainoaea?noaaiii-aeiaiai?iia ?aaoee?iaaiea, eieeaeoeaiue aeiaiai?.

Annotation

A.M.Kolot. Organizational and economics mechanism of wages regulation
and ways of its improvement (based on materials of industrial
enterprises of Ukrain). Manuscript.

Dissertation for the degree of doctor of economic sciences application,
specialty code 08.06.01. Business economics and management. Kiev
national economic university, Kiev, 1998.

Dissertation contains scientific substantiation of conceptual bases of
structure and subject matter of organizational and economic mechanism of
wages regulation industrial enterprises.

A set of legal, economic and organizational measures aimed at improving
efficiency of state-contractual regulation of wages was developed,
basically new purport for general, branch, regional and collective
contracts has been suggested.

Conceptional approaches have been substantiated and scientific and
practical recommendations aimed at improvement tariff regulation of
salaries, choice of their forms and systems, employing new principles
and rules of material, improvement rating as a means of optimizing
measure of toil and its payment have been developed.

Key words: wages, cost (price) of personnel services, business
economics, organization and economics mechanism, tariff system, forms
and systems of wages, work rating, state-contractual regulanion.
collective contracts at enterprises.

PAGE

PAGE

Anoaiiaeaiiy ii?yaeeo eiiiainaoe?? i?aoe?aieeai ao?aoe /anoeie
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe o ca’yceo c ii?ooaiiyi oa?i?i?a ?? aeieaoe

Cai?iaaaeaeaiiy iaoai?cio ?iaeaenaoe?? a?ioiaeo aeioiae?a i?aoethth/eo

Iiiaeaoeoaaiiy aeioiae?a i?aoe?aiee?a

?aaoethaaiiy oiiae?a iieaoe i?aoe? i?aoe?aiee?a

i?aei?e?inoa-iiiiiie?no?a

Anoaiiaeaiiy ?ici???a ? oiia iieaoe i?aoe? ea??aiee?a i?aei?e?inoa,
caniiaaieo ia aea?aeaai?e, eiioiaeuei?e aeaniino?, i?aoe?aiee?a
i?aei?e?inoa oa i?aai?caoe?e, ui o?iainothoueny /e aeioothoueny c
athaeaeaoo

Anoaiiaeaiiy ?ici??o i?i?iaeueii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe

oa ?ioeo aea?aeaaieo ii?i ? aa?aio?e

Oi?ie e nenoaie

ca?ia?oii? ieaoe

Ii?ioaaiiy i?aoe?

Caaiaenueea oa?eoia nenoaia

O?oaeiaee aeiaia??

Eieaeoeaiee aeiaia?? i?aei?e?inoaa

?aa?iiaeueia oaiaea

Aaeocaaa oaiaea

Aaia?aeueia oaiaea

?eieiaa naii?aaoethaaiiy,

aeeth/ath/e eii’thieoo?o ?eieo i?aoe?

Aeiaia??ia

?aaoethaaiiy

Aea?aeaaia

?aaoethaaiiy

I?aai?caoe?y ca?ia?oii? ieaoe

Iaoai?ci aecia/aiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe ia ??ai?
i?aei?e?inoaa (no?oeo. i?ae?icae?eo)

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