.

Організаційно-економічний механізм управління родючістю грунтів: Автореф. дис… канд. екон. наук / Н.А. Мішньова, Сум. держ. аграр. ун-т. — Суми, 199

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NOINUeEEE AeA?AEAAIEE AA?A?IEE OI?AA?NEOAO

I?oiueiaa Iaoae?y Aiae???aia

OAeE 631.45:338.24

I?AAI?CAOe?EII-AEIIII?*IEE IAOAI?CI OI?AAE?IIss ?IAeTH*?NOTH A?OIO?A

Niaoe?aeuei?noue 08.06.02 – I?aei?e?iieoeoai, iaiaaeaeiaio oa ia?eaoeia

Aaoi?aoa?ao aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
aeiiii?/ieo iaoe

Noie – 1998

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien

?iaioa aeeiiaia a Noinueeiio aea?aeaaiiio aa?a?iiio oi?aa?neoao?
I?i?noa?noaa aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno Oe?a?ie

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee – eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio

Oea?aiei Ieaenaiae? Ieoaeeiae/, Noinueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee
oi?aa?neoao, aeioeaio, caa?aeoth/ee eaoaae?ith aeiiii?ee
i?e?iaeiei?enooaaiiy

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: – aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Iieyeia I.I.

Noinueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao I?i?noa?noaa AIE Oe?a?ie

– aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,

Ia?o’yiia A?eoi? Iaaeiae/ caa?aeoth/ee eaoaae?ith i?aai?caoe??
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa oa aa?ia?ciano, Oa?e?anueeee
aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao I?i?noa?noaa AIE Oe?a?ie

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa – Aei?i?iiao?ianueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee
oi?aa?neoao

I?i?noa?noaa AIE Oe?a?ie, eaoaae?a iae?eo oa o?iain?a

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “__26__”_a?oaeiy_1998 ?. i ____14________ aiaeei?
ia can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E 55.815.01 a Noinueeiio
aea?aeaaiiio aa?a?iiio oi?aa?neoao?, i.Noie, aoe. E??iaa, 160,
aoae.__314___

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? Noinueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo, i.Noie, aoe.Iao?iiaae?anueea 57.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “___25___”___eenoiiaaea____ 1998 ?ieo

A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii?

a/aii? ?aaee
I.I.Iana?oia

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie.

Ia?ao?ae n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa ia ?eieia? a?aeiineie
a?aeaoaa?oueny a oiiaao e?eciaiai noaiiaeua an??? aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie.

A no/anieo oiiaao iiaeeaeth?oueny e?eciaee noai
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa, ui ni?e/eiy? oaeiae iaae?iiy
?iaeth/ino? a?oioo. Oea iaieio/a i?ecaiaeeoue aei cieaeaiiy o?iaeaeiino?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo?, ciaioaiiy ianya?a aaeiai?
i?iaeoeoe??, cieaeaiiy ?? yeino? oa caeoeiaino? i?aei?e?inoa. I?ioeane
ao?aoe ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo iia’ycai? ia?o ca ana c aeao?oeeoii ye
i?ia?aeueieo, oae ? i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea (aiith), aiane?aeie e?eciaiai
o?iainiaiai noaiiaeua n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa, ??cueeiai
nei?i/aiiy iiaie?a’y ooaeiae, a?onooiino? aea?aeaaiiai nenoaiiiai
?aaoethaaiiy oe?i ia n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeo oa i?iieneiao
i?iaeoeoe?th, iaoeiai-iaa?oioiaaii? nenoaie i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai
oa o?iainiaiai iaoai?cio oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oio?a.

C iaoith i?aeaeuaiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo ? ?? oo?eiaii? ia iaiao?aeiiio
??ai? aeioe?eueii ?ic?iaeoe ?aa?iiaeueio i?ia?aio, ?aae?caoe?y yei?
caaacia/eea a aeeiiaiiy oeeo oiia. Iaa?ae’?iiith neeaaeiaith /anoeiith
oaei? i?ia?aie ? i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee aeie, yeee ae??oo? oae?
caaaeaiiy ye: iiooe iaeaeaoaaoeo aeueoa?iaoeaieo aa??aio?a i?aeo?eiee ?
i?aeaeuaiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo oa aiae?c ?o aa?oino?; iioei?caoe?y
aeo?ao ia ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iaoiae?a i?aeaeuaiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo;
?iaanoeoe?eia i?eaaaeea?noue iaoiae?a i?aeaeuaiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo;
oaeineiiaeaiiy nenoaie iiiaeaoeoaaiiy; ?icaeoie ?aea? ?iioa/iiai
e?aaeeoo i?e ?aae?caoe?? caoiae?a c o?iainiai? i?aeo?eiee ?iaeth/ino?
a?oioo; ?ic?iaea nenoaie iicaathaeaeaoiiai o?iainoaaiiy i?ia?aie
caa?aaeaiiy ? i?aeo?eiee ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo; ?ic?iaea nenoaie
i?aai?caoe?eieo caoiae?a, c iaoith i?aeaeuaiiy a?aeiia?aeaeueiino?
caieaei?enooaa/?a, a?aeoeiaeoaaiiy caeoe?a caieaaeanieeai.

N?euenueeiainiiaea?nuee? oiaa?iae?iaieee ??cieo oi?i aeaniino?, ye?
i?aoeththoue a oiiaao eiieo?aioe??, ye naiino?ei? oiaa?iae?iaieee
caoe?eaaeai? o ca?eueoaii? ianya?a aeieia?/ii /enoi? aioiai?
i?iaeoeoe??, i?aeaeuaii? ?? yeino?, iaiaaathoueny oea c?iaeoe i?e
iaia’yceiaiio ciaioaii? aeo?ao ia ae?iaieoeoai i?iaeoeoe?? c iaoith
io?eiaiiy aaaiiiai i?eaooeo a?ae ?? ?aae?caoe??.

Ioaea, aaaeeeai aea?aoe aeueoa?iaoeaiee aa??aio oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth
a?oioo eiie?aoiiai ainiiaea?noaa c o?aooaaiiyi eiai o?iainiaiai
noaiiaeua ? ??aiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo. Aeniea ?iaeth/?noue a?oioo
caaacia/eoue oaeiae aenieo aeiiii?/io oa a?ioiao ioe?ieo caie? ui
ciaoiaeeoueny a caieaei?enooaa/a. A oea noaia aaaeeeaei a?aoiaioii i?e
ni?ia? iaea?aeaiiy ?iioa/iiai e?aaeeoo.

I?iaeaie i?aeaeuaiiy ?iaeth/ino? caie? oa ?? aeiiii?/ii? oa a?ioiai?
ioe?iee aea/aee aaaaoi a?o/eciyieo oa ca?oa?aeieo a/aieo, na?aae ieo:
A.I.Iieiaeee, I.O.Naaeoe, I.A.Coaaoeue, A.I.E?niaae, I.Iin?the, A.Ai?oe,
A.Aa?aaeei, N.*a?aiooe?i, O.Iaaaceiueeia, A.?.Oeyi, ?.Ieoanthe,
A.Aeieo?aiei, TH.Iaoi?oia, A.Aeieo???a, O.Oa/aoo?ia, ?.Eiaooa,
I.Ei?aithe oa ?io?. Iaeiae, ieoaiiy aoaeoeaiiai iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaiiai
oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth aeine?aeaeai? iaaeinoaoiuei, oiio caeeoathoueny
aeeneon?eieie. I?aoe? a/aieo c aeine?aeaeaiiy oe??? i?iaeaie iaeaea
a?aenooi?. I?iaeaie iio?aaothoue a?eueo aeaoaeueiiai aea/aiiy ?
aeine?aeaeaiiy, a iniaeeai ieoaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oio?a a no/anieo oiiaao.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?? ? neeaaeiaith /anoeiith iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo
?ia?o, ui aeeiiothoueny o Noinueeiio aea?aeaaiiio aa?a?iiio
oi?aa?neoao?, a naia “?ic?iaea ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e ii oi?ioaaiith ?
ooieoe?iioaaiith ?io?ano?oeoo?e aa?a?iiai naeoi?o no?aeiiai ?aa?iio
Oe?a?ie.(?Ae? 0196 E 017425) ca caiiaeaiiyi Aieiaiiai oi?aae?iiy c
ieoaiue eii?aeeioaaiiy oa inai?iiy IOI I?in?eueainii?iaeo Oe?a?ie;
?ic?iaeoe iiaeaeue ?iaeeeaoeaiiai ieaioaaiiy ioi?iie i?e?iaee oa
?aoe?iiaeueiiai aeei?enoaiiy i?e?iaeieo ?ano?n?a a Oe?a?i?” (?Ae?
0194U008284) ca caiiaeaiiyi I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie.

O oe?eiio ?iaioe aaeenue a ?aieao eiiieaeniiai ieaio i?iaeaiii?
eaai?aoi??? aeiiii?/ieo i?iaeai AIE i?e Noinueeiio aea?aeaaiiio
aa?a?iiio oi?aa?neoao?.

Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy

Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? o oi?ioaaii? iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo iniia ?
?ic?iaee iaoiaee/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e aeey noai?aiiy aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio i?aeaeuaiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo, e?euee?nii? ioe?iee cao?ao ii
??cieo oaoiieia?yo a?aeoai?aiiy ? i?aeo?eiee aoioniiai oa?o a?oioo,
?aae?caoe?y yeeo aeicaieeea a a iaaeao ?aa?iio nooo?ai aieeiooe ia
i?aeaeuaiiy o?iaeaeiino?.

Aeey aeinyaiaiiy iaoe ae??ooaaeenue ianooii? caaaeaiiy: aeine?aeeoe,
noi?ioethaaoe ? ooi/ieoe ci?no aeiiii?/ii? ?ioa?i?aoaoe?? iiiyooy
“?iaeth/?noue a?oioo”; aeeiiaoe nenoaiii-no?oeoo?iee aiae?c oaeoi??a ui
aieeaathoue ia ?iaeth/?noue a?oio?a, aecia/eoe iaea?eueo nooo?a? ?c ieo,
aeaoe ?i aa?o?noio ioe?ieo; aecia/eoe iniiai? aeaiaioe
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oioo;
?ic?iaeoe aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo aaeaino aoiono, aeaoe eiio aa?o?nio
ioe?ieo; ?ic?iaeoe no?oeoo?o ? aeaoe e?euee?nio ioe?ieo
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiio iaoai?cio i?aeaeuaiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo;
aeine?aeeoe neeaae aeo?ao aeueoa?iaoeaieo aa??aio?a ? oaoiieia?e
i?aeaeuaiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oio?a; ?ic?iaeoe iaoiaeieia?/i? i?aeoiaee
uiaei aeei?enoaiiy a?ioiai? ioe?iee caie? c o?aooaaiiyi ?iaeth/ino? i?e
ia?aaea/? ?? i?ae canoaao; ?ic?iaeoe i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci
i?eeiaiiy-iiaa?oaiiy caiaeueii? ae?eyiee ? cai?iiiioaaoe eiie?aoi?
i?iiiceoe?? uiaei i?aeaeuaiiy a?aeiia?aeaeueiino? caieaei?enooaa/?a ca
iia??oaiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo ? a?aeoeiaeoaaiiy ieie iaaeaii? oeiaee
caieaaeanieeai.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? a oiio, ui:

– ooi/iaii ci?no aeiiii?/ii? ?ioa?i?aoaoe?? iiiyooy “?iaeth/?noue
a?oioo”;

– c?iaeaii aiae?c ?nioth/eo iaoiae?a oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oioo,
aecia/ai? i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? aniaeoe oaeineiiaeaiiy oeueiai
i?ioeano;

– ?ic?iaeaii aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo aaeaino aoiono, c?iaeaii eiai aa?o?noio
ioe?ieo;

– cai?iiiiiaai? iaoeiai-iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee ia?aaea/? caie? i?ae
canoaao;

– ooi/iaiee iaoai?ci ioe?iee caie? c o?aooaaiiyi oaeoi?a ?iaeth/ino?
aeey ia?aaea/? ?? i?ae canoaao;

– cai?iiiiiaaia aa?o?noia ioe?iea aeueoa?iaoeaieo aa??aio?a i?aeaeuaiiy
?iaeth/ino? a?oioo aeey ??cieo aa?iee?iaoe/ieo cii Noinueei? iaeano?;

– aeine?aeaeaii iiaeeea?noue aeei?enoaiiy iiaeaoeiaiai e?aaeeoo ye
neeaaeiai? /anoeie iiaeaoeiaiai iaiaaeaeiaioo i?aeaeuaiiy ?iaeth/ino?
a?oioo;

– ?ic?iaeai? iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? c aeiiii?/ieo aniaeo?a oi?aae?iiy
?iaeth/?noth a?oioo.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?iaioe iieyaa? a oiio, ui io?eiai? ?acoeueoaoe
aeine?aeaeaiue iaaeathoue iiaeeea?noue canoiniaoaaoe ?o a oiiaao
eiie?aoieo n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa ? i?eeiaoe aeiiii?/ii
iaa?oioiaai? oi?aae?inuee? ??oaiiy i?e aeai?? aa??aio?a ? iaoiae?a
oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oioo.

?ic?iaeai? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? iiaeooue aooe canoiniaai?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeie i?aei?e?inoaaie on?o oi?i aeaniino? ? ??cieo
oi?i ainiiaea?thaaiiy. Cai?iiiiiaai? caoiaee c ?aoe?iiaeueiiai aeai?o
iaoiaeo oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oioo aoaeooue ni?eyoe i?aeo?eioe?
aaeaino aoiono ? iiaeaeueoiai ca?eueoaiiy eiai eiioeaio?aoe?? i?e
iaeiaioeo cao?aoao, nai?/aniiio aianaiith i?aai?/ii? ?a/iaeie a a?oio
aeey caaacia/aiiy aacia?a?aiiai i?ioeano a?oioiooai?aiiy ui ni?eyoeia
nai?/aniiio aeeiiaiith eiiieaeno ?ia?o o n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiio
ae?iaieoeoa?, iie?ioaiith o?iainiaiai noaiiaeua i?aei?e?inoaa.

?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue io?eiaee iiceoeaio ioe?ieo i?e ai?iaaoe?? ?o
a n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoaao Noinueei? iaeano?. Aiie
ia?aaeai? aei I?i?noa?noaa aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno Oe?a?ie,
iaoeiai-aeine?aeiei i?aai?caoe?yi, oi?aae?iiyi ?aeiiieo ? iaeanii?
aea?aeaaei?i?no?aoe?e, Noinueei?, *a?i?a?anueei? ? Iieoaanueei?
iaeanoae, aeei?enoiaothoueny a o/aiaiio i?ioean? Noinueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo i?e i?iaaaeaii? eaeoe?e oa i?aeoe/ieo caiyoue c?
nooaeaioaie aeiiii?/iiai e aa?iiii?/iiai oaeoeueoao?a.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny ioae?eaoe?yie aaoi?a ?
aecia/aiee o ?icae?e? aaoi?aoa?aoo “Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo
?acoeueoao?a”.

On? ?iaioe aeeiiai? iniaenoi, aac ni?aaaoi??a ? iioae?eiaai? o oaoiaeo
iaoeiaeo aeaeaiiyo aeiiii?/iiai i?io?eth.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy oa ?acoeueoaoe
i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue aeeeaaeai?, iaaiai?ai? ? iioae?eiaai? a
iaoa??aeao I?aeia?iaeieo iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?e: “Ia?eaoeia o
nenoai? oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii” (Ee?a, 1996), “I?aeia?iaeia eia?noeea
oa ia?eaoeia a e?a?iao c ia?ao?aeiith aeiiii?eith” (Aeiiaoeuee, 1996),
I?aeia?iaeiee iaoeiai-i?aeoe/iee nai?ia? “O?iainia? aniaeoe ?ic?iaee
?iaanoeoe?eieo i?iaeo?a” (Ee?a, 1997), “?iaanoeoe?eia i?eaaaeea?noue
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa Noinueei? iaeano?” (Noie, 1998),
“Aia?ai?ano?nicaa?aaeaiiy ? ioi?iia iaaeieeoiueiai na?aaeiaeua ia
AAO”Noieo?ii?ii” (Noie,1998) oa iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo
i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo Noinueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo a 1996-98 ?ieao.

Iaoa??aee aeine?aeaeaiiy aeei?enoiaoaaeenue i?e ?ic?iaoe? iaoiaee/ieo
?aeiiaiaeaoe?e c aeiiii?/ieo aniaeo?a oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oio?a o
Noinuee?e, Iieoaanuee?e oa *a?i?a?anuee?e iaeanoyo a oaeiae o
iaa/aeueiiio i?ioean? i?e aeeeaaeaii? aeiiii?/ieo aeenoeeie?i o
iaa/aeueieo caeeaaeao III-IV ??ai?a ae?aaeeoaoe??.

Ioae?eaoe??. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue iioae?eiaaii 5
i?aoeue caaaeueiei ianyaii 3,0 ae?oeiaaiiai a?eooa. An? ?iaioe aeeiiai?
iniaenoi aaoi?ii.

No?oeoo?a ? ci?no ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, o?ueio
?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae oa aeiaeaoe?a.
Aeeeaaeaia ia 146 noi??ieao ae?oea?nueeiai oaenoo, i?noeoue 32 oaaeeoe?,
7 ?enoie?a, 8 aeiaeaoe?a. Nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae iae?/o? 156
iaeiaioaaiue.

INIIAIEE CI?NO

O anooi? iaa?oioiaaii aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeine?aeaeaiiy, noi?ioeueiaaia
iaoa oa caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy, oa?aeoa?eco?oueny iaoeiaa iiaecia oa
i?aeoe/ia cia/ei?noue io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a, ?ice?eaa?oueny iniiaiee
ci?no ?iaioe.

O ia?oiio ?icae?e? “Oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oio?a ye aieiaia oiiaa
aoaeoeaiiai ainiiaea?thaaiiy ia nae? a oiiaao ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee ”
aeine?aeaeaii aeiiii?/io ?ioa?i?aoaoe?th iiiyooy “?iaeth/?noue a?oioo”.
Aeine?aeaeai? a?aei?ie “aeiiii?/ii?” ? “ooo/ii?” ?iaeth/ino?, aeyaeaia
caeaaei?noue aeiiii?/ii? ?iaeth/ino? a?ae ??aiy ?icaeoeo ae?iaie/eo nee,
aeyaeai? aca?iica’ycee i?e?iaeieo ? aeiiii?/ieo oaeoi??a a?aeoai?aiiy
?iaeth/ino?.

Iniaeea?noue caie? iie?auoaaoeny i?e i?aaeeuei?e aa?ioaoi?oe? oa
nai?/aniiio ? aeinoaoiueiio iiiiaiaiith i?aai?/iith ?a/iaeiith a?oioo,
ie aaaaea?ii iaea?eueo oe?iiith ye?noth a?oioo.

?iaeth/?noue a?oioo iiaea ci?ithaaoenue a caeaaeiino? a?ae oi?aae?iiy
iath. Canoinoaaiiy iaaiiai iaoiaeo oa?aeoa?eco? nooi?iue
a?aeiiaethaaeueiiai i?ioeano i?aeaeuaiiy aoiono, oaeiae iieaco?, ia
i?ioyc? yeiai /ano oeei iaoiaeii iiaeeeai iiiiaieoe ai?no aoiono
aeianaiiai o?iaea?i /e i?aeaeueoe eiai ai?no iiiaae oeth e?euee?noue.

Cia/aiiy oeueiai iieacieea iino?eii eieeaa?oueny. Ui?ieo i?e oi?ioaaii?
o?iaeath /anoeia caian?a aoiono a?oioo i?ia?ae?co?oueny, a iaoii?noue
ooai?th?oueny iaaia eiai iiaa /anoeia ca ?aooiie ei?ai?a ?ineei oa
iiaeieaieo ?aooie. Aeine?aeaeaii, ui a oaeiio ?ac? noai?th?oueny
aeao?oeeo aoiono. Ioaea oeei i?ioeanii iaiao?aeii oi?aaeyoe.

Ia ??aaiue aoaeoeaiino? iaoiae?a oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oioo
aieeaathoue ye aioo??oi?, oae ? ciai?oi? oaeoi?e. Aei aioo??oi?o
oaeoi??a, ye? aieeaathoue ia aoaeoeai?noue i?aai?caoe?eieo ??oaiue ii
oi?aae?iith ?iaeth/?noth ne?ae a?aeianoe: niaoe?ae?caoe?th
ainiiaea?noaa; ianya oeo i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea, ui ciaoiaeyoueny a
?icii?yaeaeai? i?aei?e?inoaa; o?iainia? iiaeeeaino? i?aei?e?inoaa aeey
i?eaeaaiiy iaaeinoaoi?o aeia?ea; ??aaiue eiiiaoaioe?? ea??aieoeoaa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa o ieoaiiyo oi?aae?iiy
?iaeth/?noth a?oioo oa ?o ni?eea?noue o i?eeiyoo? iiaeo ??oaiue aai
caoeeeeai?noue ia canoinoaaii? o?aaeeoe?eieo canoa??eeo iaoiae?a iaa?oue
oiae?, eiee aiaaiai? o ?o aaconi?oiino?.

Aei ciai?oi?o oaeoi??a, ui ia?aoeiaeaeathoue oi?aae?iith ?iaeth/?noth
a?oioo iaie aeeth/aii: iaaaeaeaaoio iie?oeeo aea?aeaae uiaei ?icaeoeo
aaeoc? oaa?eiieoeoaa; iaaeinoaoi?e aea?aeaaiee eiio?ieue ca oi?iaie ?
oiiaaie e?aaeeooaaiiy; aeenia?eoao oe?i ia n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeo ? oo
i?iieneiao i?iaeoeoe?th, yea aeei?enoiao?oueny a
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiio ae?iaieoeoa?.

O?aaeeoe?eii aeei?enoiaoaaee aaeeeo e?euee?noue i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea
(aiith aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae, naeiae oa ioeoe?). A oeueiio aniaeo?
aieiaiei aa?aioii i?aeaeuaiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo aoaea ??aaiue
naiicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa oeei aeaeii
aeia?ea. Oeae ??aaiue iiaeia aecia/eoe ye iaaeinoaoi?e o ?ac?, yeui
ainiiaea?noai ia ae?iaey? naiino?eii iaiao?aeii? e?eueeino? oeeo aeia?ea
c ?ic?aooieo ia 1 aa ??ee?. A?aeiia?aeiee ??aaiue caaacia/aiiy aoaea
oiae?, yeui e?euee?noue ae?iaeaieo a ainiiaea?noa? i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea
a?aeiia?aea? ?ic?aooieia?e iaiao?aei?e e?eueeino?, ? iaaei??iee ??aaiue
o oiio ?ac?, eiee ainiiaea?noai ae?iaey? oae? aeia?eaa iiiaae iaiao?aeio
ia ?o ieiuo ??ee? ?aeiiaiaeiaaio ii?io. Aeey oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth
a?oio?a iaiiaeeeai cai?ieoe i?aai?/i? aeia?eaa i?ia?aeueieie. Oae
a/aieie aeiaaaeaii, ui i?aai?/i? aeia?eaa aeeaeyoue a?oio ? ?ineeie, a
i?ia?aeuei? – eeoa ?ineeie.

Ca ii?iaoeaio ioe?ieo iioeiaeueiiai caaacia/aiiy i?aai?/ieie aeia?eaaie
aaaaeaee oa ainiiaea?noai, aea oo?eioaaee iaeio ? a?eueoa aieiao aaeeei?
?iaaoi? ooaeiae ia 1 aa ??ee?. ?oei?ai? i?ioeane a aaeoc? oaa?eiieoeoaa
i?ecaaee aei nei?i/aiiy iiaie?a’y oaa?ei, a ioaea a?aeiia?aeii
nei?ioeeinue ae?iaieoeoai ? i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea, oiio ie caeiaeeny
iiooeii ?ioeo aeaea?ae i?aai?ee. Aea/aiiy ieoaiiy iieacaei, ui cia/iith
i??ith ia iiiiaiaiiy i?aai?/iith ?a/iaeiith a?oioo aieeaa? ei?aiaaa
nenoaia oa iiaeieaii-ei?aiaa? ?aooee aaaaoi??/ieo o?aa.Oae ia ae?oaee
??e ?icaeoeo i?ney ia?oiai oeino ?o ei?aiaaa nenoaia noaiiaeea 36-45
oe/aa nooi? i?aai?/ii? ?a/iaeie. I?aeaeuothoue ?iaeth/?noue a?oioo
neaea?aoe. ?o ei?aiaaa nenoaia oa iiaeieaii-ei?aiaa? ?aooee neeaaeathoue
80-160 oe/aa, a aeei?enoaiiy caeaii? iane ethieio, ao?eoio, na?aaeaeee,
ai?ioo, ??iaeo, a??/eoe? oa ?ioeo aeicaiey? cia/ii i?aeaeueoe a a?oio?
ai?no acioo – aei 350-400 ea/ aa, oinoi?o – aei 100-150 ea/ aa, eae?th –
aei 170-380 ea/ aa.

Aianaiiy nieiie ca?iiaeo eoeueoo? c aeiaeaaaiiyi acioo (7-10 ea ia 1o
nieiie) nooo?ai ca?eueoo? ooai?aiiy a a?oio? aoiono. sseui ae cai?noue
i?aiee canoiniaoaaoe a?oioicaoeni? oaoiieia?? ia?ia?oeo a?oioo, oi
ooai?aiiy aoiono iiaea ca?eueoeoeny a 10-17 ?ac?a.

Oaaeeoey 1.

E?euee?noue aoiono, ui iiaea ooai?eoenue ?c nieiie oa
iiaeieaii-ei?aiaaeo ?aooie ca?iiaeo eoeueoo? ? aaaaoi??/ieo o?aa a
oiiaao Oe?a?ie.

Eoeueoo?eE?euee?noue i?aai?eeOoai?eoueny aoiono,

ea/ aaNa?aaei?e eiao?oe??io aoi?o?eaoe???ineeii? ?aooee,

o/ aanieiia,

o/ aaIoaieoey
iceia2-4410050,15ss/i?iue1-248250,15Iaan1,5-237500,20AEeoi1,5-2311070,20
Ethoea?ia 2ai ?ieo5-8-500-8000,10O?aae aaaaoi??/i? 3ai
?ieo16-18-750-9000,05?ain1-1,5-2000,15-0,20

Aaaeeeaa ?ieue n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? ? n?aici?i a
oi?ioaaii? caian?a aoiono: a n?aici?i? c /enoei ia?ii, aeaiia iieyie
ca?iiaeo ? ii iaeiiio iieth ea?oiie?, eueiio oa eiithoeie – ca ?aooiie
iiaeieaii-ei?aiaaeo ?aooie ai?no i?ia?ae?ciaaiiai aoiono i?aeaeueany ia
27%, a a n?aici?i? aac /enoiai ia?o – ia 38%.

sseui a n?aici?i? aaaaoi??/i? aiaia? o?aae caeiathoue 40% oi ?o
iiaeieaii-ei?aiaa? ?aooee iiai?noth iiiiaiththoue aeianaiee o?iaea?i
aoion. sseui ae o?aae caeiathoue 75% ieiu n?aici?ie, oi ai?no aoiono a
a?oio? ui?ieo ca?eueoo?oueny ia 2 o/ aa.

?ioaineaia iaeiio?ieueiaaia aeei?enoaiiy aaeeeeo aeic i?ia?aeueieo
aeia?ea i?ecaiaeeoue aei aeieeiaiiy eeneioiino? a?oio?a oa i?aeaeuaiiy
?? ia aaea eeneeo a?oioao. Aeey iie?ioaiiy oaeiai a?oioo 1 ?ac ca
n?aici?io aeei?enoiaothoue iaoiae aaiioaaiiy – ye iaiao?aeio oiiao
i?aeaeuaiiy ?iaeth/ino?. A ?acoeueoao? ae?? aaiiyieo aeia?ea
i?aeaeuo?oueny ia 30-90% aoaeoeai?noue i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea, a
i?aai?/ieo – ia 20-40%, eeneioi?noue a?oio?a cieaeo?oueny.

Aaaeeeaa i?noea a oi?aae?ii? ?iaeth/?noth a?oioo iaeaaeeoue
iaoeiai-iaa?oioiaaiiio ni?aa?aeiioaiith ??ee?, i?e?iaeieo n?iiein?a oa
ianiaeu. Aea/aiiy aeina?aeo aeei?enoaiiy n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
oa?aeue a ?iicaiieo aea?aeaaao iieacaei, ui oai o?aoeio ?o aai ? a?eueoa
caeiathoue i?e?iaei? ei?iia? oa?aeaey, ca ?aooiie oeueiai a?eueoa oaaae
i?eae?ey?oueny yeino? ia?ia?oeo ??ee?, i?i ui na?ae/eoue aeniea
aoaeoeai?noue ?? aeei?enoaiiy, aaaaeaiiy eaioe ia ianyae ae?iaieoeoaa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe??.

Nooi?iue ?ici?thaaiiy caiaeue o NOA – 26,5%, O?aioe?? – 41,5%, I?ia//ei?
– 33%, ?oae?? – 31%, ia Oe?a?i? (a1996 ?ioe?) ieiua ??ee? noaiiaeea 82%,
o Noinuee?e iaeano? ?ici?aii 75% n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oa?aeue.

?en.1. Ieiua ??ee? a no?oeoo?? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oa?aeue, %.

A no/anieo oiiaao n?euenueeiainiiaea?nuee? i?aei?e?inoaa ia iiaeooue
iiai?noth caaacia/eoe oaeo ieiuo ??ee? aeia?eaaie, ?ioeie caniaaie
ae?iaieoeoaa. Ioaea ciaioaiiy ieiu? ??ee? oa aoaeoeaia aeei?enoaiiy ??
iio?i, iiaea caaacia/eoe oaeee aea aaeiaee ca?? i?iaeoeoe?? ye ? aei
nei?i/aiiy ieiu? ??ee?.

Aea/aiiy iaie ?nioth/eo iaoiae?a oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oioo
iieacaei, ui a iaoiaee ye? ia iio?aaothoue cia/ieo iaoa??aeueieo eioo?a
? /ano aeey ?o ai?iaaaeaeaiiy, ui iniaeeai aaaeeeai a no/anieo oiiaao.

I?aenoiiaoth/e aea/aiee iaoa??ae iaie cai?iiiiiaai? caoiaee, ye? ia
iio?aaothoue aeiaeaoeiaiai o?iainoaaiiy. Cai?noue i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea
oaa?eiiiai iioiaeaeaiiy, yeeie iaeanoue caaacia/aia ia 20-40% a?ae
iio?aae, ?aeiiaiaeo?ii aeei?enoiaoaaoe i?aai?/io ?a/iaeio ?ineeiiiai
iioiaeaeaiiy, a naia: nieiio ca?iiaeo eoeueoo?, yea iaeiie/o?oueny ? ia
aeei?enoiao?oueny; iia?/io i?iaeoeoe?th ?ioeo eoeueoo? aaeoc?
?ineeiieoeoaa; ae?iuoaaiiy neaea?ao?a; ai?iaaaeaeaiiy n?aici?i c ai?noii
aaaaoi??/ieo o?aa a?ae 50 aei 75%; iiaoaiio ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?th
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oa?aeue.

Aeiiii?/ia oa a?ioiaa ioe?iea a?aeia?aaeathoue ??aaiue ?ioaineaiino?
aeei?enoaiiy caie? – o?iaeaei?noue, yea cia/iith i??ith caeaaeeoue a?ae
?iaeth/ino? a?oioo. Oiaoi, i?e aecia/aii? ioe?iee ii?yae c iieacieeii
aoaeoeaiino? ?? aeei?enoaiiy aa?aoueny aei oaaae iieaciee i?iaeoeoeaii?
caeaoiino? caie?, oi/i?oa ioe?iea ?iaeth/ino? a aaeao. I?aeaeuoth/e aai
iiieaeoth/e ?iaeth/?noue, ci?ith?ii aae a?oioo. Ooo iaaoaa? aeui?
oe?iiino? aeeaaeaia a caieth i?aoey. sseui ae aa?o?nia ioe?iea
a?aenooiy, oi a oiiaao oiaa?ii-a?ioiaeo a?aeiinei i?aoey aeeaaeaia a
caieth aeeeth/a?oueny ?c noni?eueii? i?aoe?. Aaaaonoai ia?iaeo aoaea
caieaeaia.

Aenieo ?iaeth/?noue a?oioo, a ioaea aenieo eiai a?ioiao ioe?ieo ie
i?iiiio?ii canoiniaoaaoe ye iaoai?ci caoenoo a?ae ia?aoe?iiaeueiiai
aeei?enoaiiy caiaeue a n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoaao.

Oaeoi?e, ui aieeaathoue ia ?ici?? a?ioiai? ioe?iee iaie ?icae?eaii ia
aea? a?oie: i?aeaeuoth/e ? iiieaeoth/?. Aei i?aeaeuoth/eo oaeoi??a ie
a?aeiineii aenieo ?iaeth/?noue a?oioo ni?eyoeeaee ee?iao, iioeiaeuei?
iieacieee o?ceei-o?i?/ieo aeanoeainoae, a?ieia?/i? oaeoi?e, aea?aeia
i?noeaciaoiaeaeaiiy ae?eyiee oa ?io?.

Aei iiieaeoth/eo oaeoi??a ie a?aeiineii iecueeo ?iaeth/?noue a?oioo, a
oaeiae /ano? iinooe aai caoiieaiiy i?noeaaino?, o?aaaii? a?o?e,
ia?an?/aia i?noeaa?noue, iani?eyoeeaa ?io?ano?oeoo?a, caeiiiaeaa/a
iaiaaeaiiy uiaei aeei?enoaiiy ae?eyiee, aenie? iiaeaoee oa ?io?.

Aeey ian aaaeeeaith caea?oueny ia’?eoeai?noue aecia/aiiy ?ici??o
a?ioiai? ioe?iee caie?, ai ie ?icaeyaea?ii oeth i?iaeaio c iaei??th
iaoith – canoinoaaiiy caie? ye canoaae aeey iaea?aeaiiy ?iioa/ieo
e?aaeeo?a ia i?eueaiaeo oiiaao o ca’yceo c iaiiaeeea?noth aeei?enoaiiy
?ioeo cania?a ae?iaieoeoaa. Oea i?aeoaa?aeaeothoue i?iaaaeai?
aeine?aeaeaiiy oiio, ui a?eueoa 60% iniiaieo cania?a
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa aeinyaee cia/iiai nooiaith ciino
(60-80%) ? ia iiaeooue aooe i?eeiyo? i?ae canoaao. Ioaea, ia’?eoeaia
a?ioiaa ioe?iea caiaeue oa ?o aeniea ?iaeth/?noue aeicaieeoue
aeei?enoaoe ?o i?ae canoaao.

O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? “Iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i? iniiae oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth
a?oio?a” i?iaaaeaii aiae?c aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? aeei?enoaiiy
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oa?aeue Noinueei? iaeano?, yeee iieacaa ??cea
iaae?iiy oneo ae?iaie/eo iieaciee?a. Aieiaiith i?e/eiith ??ceiai niaaeo
ae?iaieoeoaa i?iaeoeoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa ?, ia iaoo aeoieo, cieaeaiiy
?iaeth/ino? caie? aiane?aeie ciaioaiiy ianya?a aianaieo i?aai?/ieo oa
i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea a inoaii? ?iee. A 1997 ?ioe? a E?ninoaiia?e cii?
oaeia?aii aeecueei 10% ??ee?, a Ia?ao?aei?e cii? – aeecueei 5%, a
Iie?nuee?e – 3% a?ae caaaeueii? ieiu?. O ca’yceo c oeei ai?no aoiono
ciaioeany.

Oaaeeoey 2.

Aianaiiy i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea ii Noinuee?e iaeano? ? aaeain aoiono o 1997
?ioe?.

Aa?iee?iaoe/i? ciieNa?aaei?e ai?no aoiono, %Aianaii i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea a
1997 ?ioe?, % aei 1990Aaeain aoiono, +- ea/ aaAeao?oeeo aoiono,
a?i./aaE?ninoaiiaa4,0838,9-814-6512Ia?ao?aeia2,5819,7-898-7184Iie?nny1,3
522,0-921-7368Ii iaeano?3,3732,2-845-6760

Oe? aeai? na?ae/aoue, ui aeei?enoaiiy o?eueee aiith A?O ia aeicaieeei
oieeiooe aeao?oeeoo aoiono, a oea icia/a?, ui ia oi?ioaaiiy o?iaeath
aeei?enoiaoaaeenue caiane aoiono c a?oioo, aea ia iiiiaithaaeeny.
Aeao?oeeo aoiono a a?ioia?e ioe?ioe? neeaa 6760 a?eaaiue ia 1 aa a
na?aaeiueiio ii iaeano?. Oeae aeao?oeeo iiaeia iacaaoe i?eoiaaieie
aeo?aoaie aaeoc? ?ineeiieoeoaa ia oi?ioaaiiy o?iaeath.

Ie i?iaiae?coaaee iiiiaiaiiy a?oioo i?aai?/iith ?a/iaeiith ca ?aooiie
aeei?enoaiiy nieiie ca?iiaeo eoeueoo? cai?noue aiith aaeeei? ?iaaoi?
ooaeiae. Oaea ??oaiiy ni?aaaaeeeaa. Ii-ia?oa, a iaeano? a 1997 ?ioe?
ae?iaeee o?eueee aeecueei 30% i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea (aiith) ??aiy 1990
?ieo. Ii-ae?oaa, nieiia ca?iiaeo eoeueoo? iaeiie/o?oueny o aaeee?e
e?eueeino? ia iieyo, a iio?i ?? niaeththoue, caaaeath/e oeiaee
iaaeieeoiueiio na?aaeiaeuo. I?aoey aeeaaeaia a ae?iuoaaiiy oa caaio?aeth
oe??? nieiie ia?ia. A i?ae oei aiia iiaea nooo?ai iiiiaieoe ai?no aoiono
a a?oio?. Aei oiai ae, nieiia aeaoaaoa i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea oaa?eiiiai
iioiaeaeaiiy.

Oaaeeoey 3.

?ic?aooieia? aeai? ooai?aiiy aoiono ? eiai nia?aa?oino? a oiiaao Oe?a?ie

Iiaea ooai?eoenue aoiono, ea/ oAa?o?noue i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea, a?i. 1
o.Aeo?aoe ia aianaiiy 1 o, a?i.Nia?a?o?noue 1 oe aoiono, a?i.nieiia
ca?iiaeoai?e A?Onieiia+Naiithnieiiaai?e?c nieiie?c
aiith68-15090-1206,06,0-2,0-3,05,58,0

I?iaaaeai? ?ic?aooiee aeicaieythoue c?iaeoe aeniiaie, ui ooai?aiiy
aoiono ?c nieiie aeaoaaoa eiai aa?oino? ?c aiith. Ioaea aeei?enoaiiy
nieiie ca?iiaeo aeey aianaiiy ?? a a?oio ye i?aai?/io ?a/iaeio aeey
ooai?aiiy aoiono ia i?ecaaaea aei ca?eueoaiiy cao?ao ae?iaieoeoaa.

A inoaii? ?iee a Noinuee?e iaeano? noai?eeinue aaaaoi naeyinueeeo
(oa?ia?nueeeo) ainiiaea?noa, aaaaoi caie? ia?aaeaii a i?aiaeo. I?aeoeea
iieaco?, ui caeiiiaeaa/i ia aecia/aia a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noue oeeo
caieaei?enooaa/?a ca cieaeaiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo oa iia??oaiiy
o?oinai?oa?iiai noaio. Aeanieee caie? i?e iaea?aeaii? ?? a?ae oe???
eaoaai??? caieaei?enooaa/?a aoaeooue oa?i?oe caeoee, uia iio?i aeaanoe
ao?’yie, a?aeiiaeoe ?iaeth/?noue. A ianooii? ?iee ciaioaieoueny oaeiae
o?iaeaei?noue. I?iiiiiaai? iaie caoiaee caoaa?aeaeothoue iaia’ycee
i?aiaea??a ? oa?ia??a a iiiaio iaea?aeaiiy ieie caie? a ei?enooaaiiy
ia?aae caieaaeanieeaie ii a?aeoeiaeoaaiith aeo?ao ca iiaeeeai iaianaio
oeiaeo. Aeey oeueiai iaie i?iiiio?oueny Aeo i?eeiaiiy-iiaa?oaiiy
caiaeueii? ae?eyiee, yeee ne?ae caiiaithaaoe aeaa ?ace: i?e ia?aaea/?
caie? a ei?enooaaiiy ? iiaa?oaii? ?? caieaaeanieeo. Oea iaia’yceiaee
aeiaeaoie aei Aea?aeaaiiai aeoo ia i?aai i?eaaoii? aeaniino? ia caieth
/e aei aeiaiai?o i?aiaee caie?. Noio a?aeoeiaeoaaiue iaiao?aeii aoaea
aecia/aoe a oeueiio aeo?, a a?ioia? iaaeoiaeaeaiiy iiaeii? eoe
caieaaeanieeo, a ia a athaeaeao. A oeth noio aoaea aeeth/aoenue
aa?o?noue i?aai?/ieo oa i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea, aa?o?noue aa?a?oeeae?a,
noia aeo?ao ia i?iaaaeaiiy ?ia?o ii aianaiith aeia?ea, aa?a?oeeae?a, oa
?ioeo ?ia?o.

Iaie aeine?aeaeaii iiaeeea?noue aeei?enoaiiy iiaeaoeiaiai e?aaeeoo, ye
neeaaeiai? /anoeie iiaeaoeiaiai iaiaaeaeiaioa ?iaeth/ino? a?oio?a.
Aea?aeaaa iiaeiia caioi/oaaoe caieaei?enooaa/?a ? caieaaeaniee?a a
i?aeaeuaii? ?iaeth/ino? caie?. Oeyoii ciaioaiiy ?ici??o iiaeaoeo ia
caieth ia noio aeo?a/aieo eioo?a aeey i?aeaeuaiiy ?iaeth/ino? caie?, uia
caieaaeaniee?a caoe?eaaeoe a i?iaaaeaii? oaeeo ?ia?o. Ii-ia?oa, ia
aeeaaeaio i?aoeth ? o?iaine aeey iie?ioaiiy a?oioo caiey a?aeiia?noue
ca?eueoaiiyi o?iaeaeiino? ? i?aeaeuaiiyi yeino? i?iaeoeoe??, a oea
cia/eoue, ui aeaniee io?eia? aeiaeaoeiaee ?aioiee i?eaooie ? iaeii/anii
i?aeaeueoue ?iaeth/?noue a?oioo. Ii-ae?oaa, yeui caieaei?enooaa/ a
?acoeueoao? nai?? i?aoe? ia caie? ciecea ?? ?iaeth/?noue, a?i ana iaeii
iiaeiai a?aeaeaoe iiaio noio iiaeaoeo aea?aeaa?.

O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? “I?iaaaeaiiy eiiieaeno aenia?eiaioaeueieo
?ic?aooie?a aeiiii?/ieo aniaeo?a oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oio?a”
c?iaeaiee aiae?c ?iaeth/ino? a?oio?a Noinueei? iaeano?. Ie aiaaieeenue,
ui c i?aii/? ia i?aaeaiue iaeano? ?iaeth/?noue i?aeaeuo?oueny ?
a?ae??ciy?oueny ii aa?iee?iaoe/iei ciiai oae: a cii? Iie?nny a?oioe
iaei?iaeth/? c ai?noii aoiono a?ae 0,8 aei 1,5% c eeneith ?aaeoe??th
a?oioiaiai ?ic/eio (?I 4,5-5,0); a Ia?ao?aei?e cii? a?oioe aeaui aeui?
?iaeth/ino?, oiaoi ai?no aoiono 3,7%, neaaieene? (?I 5,2-5,7%); a
E?ninoaiia?e cii? iae?iaeth/?o? a?oioe Noinueei? iaeano?, ai?no aoiono
a?ae 3,5 aei 5,5% c iaeo?aeueiith eeneioi?noth a?oioiaiai ?ic/eio.

Iaie ?icaeyioo? aeueoa?iaoeai? iaoiaee iiiiaiaiiy aoiono a a?oio?, ui
caaacia/othoue iiceoeaiee aaeain aoiono ? iio?aaothoue i?i?iaeuei?
cao?aoe ainiiaea?noa i?e ?o ai?iaaaeaeaii?, ui a no/anieo oiiaao ?
aeineoue aaaeeeaei a?aoiaioii. Oea oeyo ca?eueoaiiy ae?iaieoeoaa
aeieia?/ii-/enoi? ? aeaoaai? i?iaeoeoe??.

Oae, aeei?enoaiiy nieiie ca?iiaeo eoeueoo? ia noai?th? i?yeeo
aeiaeaoeiaeo aeo?ao. Ii-ia?oa, eiiaaeie iaeaaeiai? iiae??aithaa/aie.
?iaioo c iiae??aiaiiy nieiie ? ?icn?thaaiiy ?? ii iieth aiie aeeiiothoue
iaeii/anii ?c cae?aiiyi ca?iiai? i?iaeoeoe??, oiae? ye aeei?enoaiiy aeey
oe??? iaoe aiith aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae iio?aao? aeo?ao ia iaea?aeaiiy
naiiai aiith oa aeiaeaieo aei oeueiai aeo?ao c aeaacaiiy eiai ia iiey oa
?iceeaeaiiy.

Ca?aeii c i?iiiceoe?yie a/aieo, aeioe?eueiei aoaea nieiio ia cai?thaaoe,
a aeiaeaoe 8-10 ea acioo ia 1 oiio nieiie ? iiea ia?iaeoe eoueeueieeaie
/e aeeneiaeie ai?iiaie. Oea a 10-17 ?ac?a ca?eueoeoue ooai?aiiy aoiono
ii??aiyii c aa??aioii cai?thaaiiy nieiie. Ii/a?aiaa aeei?enoaiiy ??ee?
aeey ae?iuoaaiiy aaaaoi??/ieo o?aa oaeiae caaacia/o? iiceoeaiee aaeain
aoiono ia oeeo iieyo.

Iaie cai?iiiiiaaii 6 aa??aio?a ?aaoethaaiiy aaeaino aoiono aac
aeei?enoaiiy aeiaeaoeiaeo iaoa??aeueieo oa o?iainiaeo cania?a.

Aeey aecia/aiiy aaeaino aoiono a n?aici?i? eiie?aoiiai ainiiaea?noaa
iaie ?ic?iaeaii aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo:

A(n)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Aea A(n) – aaeain aoiono o n?aici?i?;

S – ieiua eoeueoo?e;

E1 – eiao?oe??io ia?a?aooieo i?aai?/ii? ?a/iaeie a iaaoi?o?eiaaio

(ii aoaeaoeth);

E2 – eiao?oe??io aecia/aiiy iane aoaeaoeth a ooai?aiiio aoion?;

E5 = 5 (c a?oioo ?ineeiaie aeei?enoiao?oueny 20% acioo);

E6 = 20 ( a aoion? i?noeoueny 5 % acioo);

S1 – ieiua, ia ye?e ae?iuo?oueny iaaia eoeueoo?a;

V1 – iana i?aai?/ii? ?a/iaeie canai?ii? ?c a?oioo;

N1 – ii?iaoea acioo, iaiao?aeiiai ia oi?ioaaiiy i?iaeoeoe??;

U1 – o?iaeaei?noue iniiaii? ? iia?/ii? i?iaeoeoe??.

Aecia/aiiy iane aaeaino aoiono aea? iiaeeea?noue c?iaeoe aa?o?noio
ioe?ieo aaeaino aoiono a caeaaeiino? a?ae neeaaeiaeo i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea.

Oaaeeoey 4.

Aeiiii?/ia aoaeoeai?noue ?aaoethaaiiy aaeaino aoiono a n?aici?iao
E?ninoaiiai? ciie Noinueei? iaeano?

? aa??-aiooNiaoe?ae?caoe?y ainiiaea?noaaE?euee?noue A?O ia 1 aaAeo?aoe
aoiono ia 1 aaOoai?eoueny aoiono ia 1 aaAaeain aoiono, +/- o . *Oiiaiee
/enoee i?eaooie, oen.a?i.1Ae?iaieoeoai ian?iiy
ca?iiaeo0,250,8701,01+0,140133,02Ca?iiai-iyniiiei/ia +
iai/?1,170,8550,985+0,130277,13Ao?yei-ca?iiai-iiei/ia + aaaaoi??/i?
o?aae0,31,011,21+0,20429,44Oa?ia?nueea ainiiaea?noai ca?iiaa
n?aici?ia-1,051,07+0,0223,2*I?ei?oea: ciae “+” iieaco? e?euee?noue
aoiono, ui ia?aaeuo? aeianaio o?iaea?i e?euee?noue; ciae – iieaco? eiai
aeao?oeeo

Aeai? oaaeeoe? 4 na?ae/aoue, ui ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aa??aio?a o E?ninoaiia?e
cii? Noinueei? iaeano? caaacia/o? iiceoeaiee aaeain aoiono aeey
ainiiaea?noa ??cii? niaoe?ae?caoe??. Iaea?aeaiee oiiaiee /enoee i?eaooie
aeey ainiiaea?noaa ii ia?oiio aa??aioo neeaa 133 oeny/? a?eaaiue, ii
ae?oaiio – i?eaooie 277,1 oeny/? a?eaaiue, ii o?aoueiio – i?eaooie neeaa
29,4 oeny/? a?eaaiue. Aeei?enoaiiy nieiie oa iiaeieaii-ei?aiaaeo ?aooie
i?ae a?oioicaoenio oaoiieia?th ia?ia?oeo a?oioo aeicaieeei a /aoaa?oiio
aa??aio? (aeey oa?ia?nueeiai ainiiaea?noaa) iaea?aeaoe i?eaooie 23,2
oeny/? a?eaaiue.

Ca ?aooiie i?aeaeuaiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo iiaeeeai i?aeaeueoe
o?iaeaei?noue ca?iiaeo aei oaeiai ??aiy: ii E?ninoaiia?e cii? – ia 39
oe/aa, a Ia?ao?aei?e cii? – ia 29 oe/aa, a Iie?nuee?e cii? – ia 20,7
oe/aa, ui ? e?eoe/iith iaaeath aeey Noinueei? iaeano?. Iiaeaeueoa
ca?eueoaiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo iiaea ia i?eianoe aaaeaiiai aeiiii?/iiai
aoaeoo a?ae oeueiai oaeoi?o, ioaea aeo?aoe iiaeooue aooe
ia?aoe?iiaeueieie.

?nioth/a ni?aa?aeiioaiiy ??ee?, n?iiein?a oa ianiaeu ie oa?aeoa?eco?ii
ye ia?aoe?iiaeueia, ? eiai iaaeie?ee ie aaea aeiaaee.

A Noinuee?e iaeano? iecueea a?aeaea/a ??ee?, iniaeeai a i?ai?/ieo
?aeiiao, a oie aea /an oai ??aaiue ?ici?aiino? aaeeeee: a cii? Iie?nny
70,3%, a Ia?ao?aei?e cii? 73,4%. A?aoiaoth/e i?e?iaeii-ee?iaoe/i?
iniaeeaino?, iecueeo ?iaeth/?noue a?oioo ? aieea oeeo oaeoi??a ia
?acoeueoaoe aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? aeei?enoaiiy ??ee?, i?iiiio?ii
ci?ieoe ni?aa?aeiioaiiy n.a. oa?aeue c iaoith ciaioaiiy ??ee? a cii?
Iie?nny ia 25% (35,6 oen.aa), a Ia?ao?aei?e cii? ia 22,3% (31,7 oen.aa).
Ie i?iiiio?ii ii?oaiio ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?th n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
oa?aeue. Ia?aaaaeaiiy ??ee? a aaaaoi??/i? ei?iia? oa?aeaey, n?iieine ?
ianiaeua i?aeaeuo? ?iaeth/?noue a?oioo, oa caaacia/o? a?eueo aenieo
aoaeoeai?noue ae?iaieoeoaa aaaaoi??/ieo o?aa ia n?ii oa aeian oaa?ei o
oe?e cii? ii??aiyii c na?aaeiueiiaeanieie iieacieeaie ae?iuoaaiiy
ca?iiaeo oa ?ioeo eoeueoo?.

A E?ninoaiia?e cii? i?iiiio?ii ciaioeoe ieiu? ??ee? ia 27%, aai ia 234,5
oen.aa oeyoii ia?aaaaeaiiy oe??? ieiu? aeey ae?iuoaaiiy aaaaoi??/ieo
o?aa ia?aaaaeii c iaoith iaea?aeaiiy ?o ian?iiy, a /anoeiai – aeey
ae?iaieoeoaa n?ia oa ?aaoeueiaaiiai aeianaiiy ooaeiae. Ci?ia
niaoe?ae?caoe?? aeicaiey? ii?aeiaoe iaoai?ci oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth c
aeiiii?/iei ?icaeoeii aaeoc? oaa?eiieoeoaa.

?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?th i?iiiio?ii i?iaiaeeoe iiaoaiii, ia?aaiaey/e ii /a?c?
a ei?iia? aaaaoi??/i? oa?aeaey nii/aoeo ieiu?, aea ae?iuothoueny oaia?
i?iiaoi? oa iai?iiaoi? ei?iia? eoeueoo?e, a iio?i ? ??eeth. Oaeei /eiii
ia?aaaaeaiiy ??ee? i?ae ae?iuoaaiiy aaaaoi??/ieo o?aa cia/ii i?aeaeueoue
ai?no aoiono a a?oio?.

Iaie aea/aii ? iaa?oioiaaii i?aeoe/ia canoinoaaiiy iaoa??ae?a ioe?iee
caie? i?e ia?aaea/? ?? i?ae canoaao. I?iaaaeaia aeaoaeueia
aeine?aeaeaiiy noo? ?iioaee oa ?? ?ie? a iie?auaii? o?iainiaiai noaio
i?aei?e?inoaa.

I?eioeeiiaa ci?ia e?aaeeooaaiiy n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa
nooo?ai aieeia ia iiiiaeaiiy ?o ?eoi?/ii? ae?yeueiino? ia an?o aoaiao
ae?iaieoeoaa, ui aecia/a?oueny nai?/aniei i?eaeaaiiyi iaiao?aeieo
cania?a ae?iaieoeoaa, cae?eniaiiyi eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiue c iaoith
iie?auaiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo, i?aeaeuaiiyi aoaeoeaiino?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa, noai?aiith oiia i?aoe? ? iiaooo
?ia?oiee?a.

Aeei?enoaiiy caie? ye ia’?eoo canoaae ia iiaea ia a?aeia?aaeaoe ??
aa?o?nio ioe?ieo. Iaea?eueo i?eeiyoith aeey e?aaeeoi??a ie aaaaea?ii
aoaea caiey c aenieith ?iaeth/?noth ? iaaiaee, caie? iecueei?
?iaeth/ino? aoaeooue i?eeiaoeny e?aaeeoi?aie i?ae canoaao c iaaiei
?eceeii. C ?ioiai aieo, caiey ui ciaoiaeeoueny i?ae canoaaith, ?
iino?eiei aeaea?aeii iiaaoaiiy caai?aiaaiino? ca e?aaeeo ? noeioeth?
naiai aeanieea aei aoaeoeaii? i?aoe? ia i?e. Ie aiaaiai?, ui ?iioaea
i?noeoue a nia? aaee/aciee iioaioe?ae aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo,
ia?aoai?thth/enue ?c ia?ooiiino? a i?aoethth/ee eai?oae.

Ia no/aniiio aoai? oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoeo ?iioa/ieo e?aaeeo?a i?iiiio?ii
noai?eoe niaoe?aeueio caiaeueio ?ioi?iaoe?eio nenoaio i?e Noinueeiio
o?e?ae? ?inoeoooo caieaono?ith “Oe?IAe?CAII?IAEO” aea niaoe?ae?noe
aenieiai ??aiy iaaeaaeooue eaae?o?eiaaio aeiiiiiao ? e?aaeeoi?ai ?
aeanieeai caiaeueieo ae?eyiie ? i?aiaeaoi?ai ? oa?ia?ai.

Aeniiaee.

?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue, aeeeaaeai? o aeena?oaoe??, aeicaieythoue
c?iaeoe oae? aeniiaee:

1. ?nioth/a nenoaia ?aa?iiaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oioo o
Noinuee?e, Iieoaanuee?e oa *a?i?a?anuee?e iaeanoyo a no/anieo oiiaao ia
aeicaiey? caaacia/eoe iaiao?aeiee ??aaiue ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo. Aeey
aeoiaeo ?c oe??? neooaoe?? iaiao?aeii ai?iaaaeeoe i?eioeeiiai iiaee
iaoai?ci oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oioo.

2. Aei iniiaieo iai?yie?a oaeineiiaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oioo iaeaaeeoue canoinoaaiiy
iao?aaeeoe?eieo i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea ?ineeiiiai iioiaeaeaiiy, cai?noue
aeao?oeeoieo a Oe?a?i? inoaii?i /anii i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea oaa?eiiiai
iioiaeaeaiiy. ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?y n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oa?aeue ?
ci?ia niaoe?ae?caoe?? ainiiaea?noa aeiiiaith? ?o.

3. Iaa?oioiaaii ? ia eiie?aoieo i?eeeaaeao iieacaii canoinoaaiiy
?ic?iaeaiiai iaie aeai?eoio ?ic?aooieo aaeaino aoiono oa iaoiaeeeo
aeiiii?/ii? ioe?iee aecia/aiiy aeiino aoiono o?iaea?i oa ??aaiue eiai
iiiiaiaiiy a i?ioean? aoi?o?eaoe?? iiaeieaii-ei?aiaaeo ?aooie, nieiie
aai ?ioi? iia?/ii? i?iaeoeoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa, /e aiith.

4. Cai?iiiiiaai? ni?aa?aeiioaiiy ieiu? ??ee? oa i?e?iaeieo ei?iiaeo
oa?aeue aeicaieyoue i?aeaeueoe ?iaeth/?noue a?oio?a ? eoeueoo?o
caiea?ianoaa oeyoii neiioeaio?iaaiiai aeei?enoaiiy iayaieo cania?a aeey
oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth ia cia/ii iaioeo ieiuao, ui cia/ii i?aeaeueoue
??aaiue aa?io?oioaoi?/iiai aeiaeyaeo ? aoaeoeaiino? ?? aeei?enoaiiy.

5. Iaa?oioiaaia aeioe?euei?noue aeei?enoaiiy a?ioiai? ioe?iee caiaeue
i?e ia?aaea/? ?o i?ae canoaao i?e iaea?aeaii? ?iioa/iiai e?aaeeoo.

6. Cai?iiiiiaaiee i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci a?aeoeiaeoaaiiy
caieaaeanieeo aeo?ao ia a?aeiiaeaiiy ?iaeth/ino? caie? oa ??
o?oinai?oa?iiai noaio aeicaiey? i?aeaeueoe a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noue
caieaei?enooaa/?a ca iane?aeee naiai iaaeaaeiai noaaeaiiy aei caie?.

Nienie iioae?eiaaieo i?aoeue.

Ca ?acoeueoaoaie i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue iioae?eiaaii 5 i?aoeue
caaaeueiei ianyaii 3,0 ae.a.

1. I?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? aniaeoe oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a?oioo a
no/anieo oiiaao – Noie “Oi?aa?neoaonueea eieaa”, – 1998, – 42n. 2,1ae.a.

2. ?aoi?ioaaiiy i?ieo caiaeue – oeyo aeey icaei?iaeaiiy
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa // A?niee Noinueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. Na??y O?iaine ? e?aaeeo – 1997 –
?2, n.150-153; 0,2ae.a.

3. Oi?aae?iiy ie?aieie oaeoi?aie ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo a Noinuee?e
iaeano?// A?niee Noinueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. Aeione
2. 1998, n.220-222. 0,2ae.a.

4. Aeiiii?/iee aiae?c ae?iaieoeoaa oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a oa oeoe?o // A?niee
Noinueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. Aeione 2. 1998,
n.223-226. 0,2ae.a.

5. Aeiiii?/i? i?iaeaie ?aaoethaaiiy aaeaino aoiono // A?niee Noinueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. Na??y O?iaine ? e?aaeeo – 1998 –
?1, n. – 163, – 0,3 ae.a.

Aiioaoe??

I?oiueiaa I.A. I?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci oi?aae?iiy
?iaeth/?noth a?oio?a.- ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.06.02 -I?aei?e?iieoeoai, iaiaaeaeiaio ?
ia?eaoeia- Noinueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao, Noie, 1998.

A ?iaio? aeine?aeaeaia i?noea caie? ye iniiaiiai ia’?eoo iaiaaeaeiaioo a
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiio ae?iaieoeoa?, oa iaea?eueo oe?iio ye?noue –
iie?auoaaoeny, oiaoi iaaoaaoe ?iaeth/?noue. ?ice?eaathoueny iniiai?
iieacieee ye? oa?aeoa?ecothoue ye?noue caie? oa oaeoi?e ui aeceaathoue
?? iia??oaiiy. Iaa?oioiaaia iaiao?aei?noue oi?aae?iiy ?iaeth/?noth a
no/anieo oiiaao. Aeine?aeaeaii ca’ycie ?iaeth/ino? caie? c ?? ioe?ieith.
C?iaeaiee aeiiii?/iee aiae?c aoaeoeaiino? aeei?enoaiiy caiaeueieo
?ano?n?a, aeine?aeaeaii aieea ?iaeth/ino? ia aeiiii?/i? iieacieee.
?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeeo ?aaoethaaiiy aaeaino aoiono i?aai?/iith ?a/iaeiith
?ineeiiiai ? oaa?eiiiai iioiaeaeaiiy, aeaii aeiiii?/io ioe?ieo.
Cai?iiiiiaai? i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? caoiaee aeey i?aeaeuaiiy
?iaeth/ino? ? o?iainiai? noaa?e?caoe?? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
i?aei?e?inoa.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: oi?aae?iiy, ?iaeth/?noue a?oioo, aoion, iaaoi?o?eiaaia
?a/iaeia, iaoiaee ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??, ?iioaea, aoaeo,a?aeoeiaeoaaiiy.

Ieoiaaa I.A. I?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneee iaoaieci oi?aaeaiey
ieiaei?iaeeai ii/a. ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa yeiiiie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.06.02. – I?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoai, iaiaaeaeiaio,
ia?eaoeia.- Noineee ainoaea?noaaiiue aa?a?iue oieaa?neoao. Noiu, 1998.

A ?aaioa enneaaeiaaii ianoi caiee – eae iniiaiiai iauaeoa iaiaaeaeiaioa
a naeueneioicyenoaaiiii i?iecaiaenoaa e iaeaieaa oeaiiia aa ea/anoai –
oeo/oaoueny, oianoue i?eia?aoaoue ieiaei?iaeea. ?ane?uaathony iniiaiua
iieacaoaee, eioi?ua oa?aeoa?ecotho ea/anoai caiee e oa oaeoi?u, eioi?ua
aucuaatho aa oooaeoaiea. Iainiiaaia iaiaoiaeeiinoue oi?aaeaiey
ieiaei?iaeeai a nia?aiaiiuo oneiaeyo. Enneaaeiaaia acaeiinaycue
ieiaei?iaeey caiaee e aa ioeaiee. Naeaeai yeiiiie/aneee aiaeec
aoaeoeaiinoe eniieueciaaiey caiaeueiuo ?ano?nia, enneaaeiaaii aeeyiea
ieiaei?iaeey ia yeiiiie/aneea iieacaoaee. ?ac?aaioaia iaoiaeeea
?aaoee?iaaiey aaeaina aoiona i?aaie/aneei aauanoaii ?anoeoaeueiiai e
aeeaioiiai i?ienoiaeaeaiey, aeaii yeiiiie/aneoth ioeaieo. I?aaeeiaeaiu
i?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneea ia?ii?eyoey aeey iiauoaiey ieiaei?iaeey e
oeiainiaie noaaeeecaoeee naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: oi?aaeaiea, ieiaei?iaeea ii/au, aoion,
iaaoieoeoee?iaaiiia aauanoai, iaoiaeu, ?ano?oeoo?ecaoeey, eiioaea,
yooaeo, aiciauaiea.

Annotation.

N.A. Mishneva The Organizational and Economical Mechanism of the Soil
Fertility Management.

The Dissertation is aimed at receiving of the scientific degree
“Candidate of Economic Science” in specialization 08.06.02.
“Entrepreneurship, Management and Marketing”—The Sumy State Agrarian
University, Sumy, 1998.

The role of soil as the main management object in agriculture and its
fertility are researched in the paper. The main indicators of fertility
and the factors, which cause it to worsen are analyzed. The necessity of
fertility management is grounded. The dependence of fertility on soil
evaluation is researched. The economic analysis of land use efficiency
is done, the influence of fertility on economical indicators is
researched. The methodology of the humus balance regulation by organic
fertilizers has been worked out. The main directions of economical ways
of fertility and improvement and financial stabilization are suggested.

The key words: management, land fertility, humus, humusless substance,
restructurization methods, land mortgage, effect, compensation.

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