Iaoe?iiaeueiee oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao Oe?a?ie
“Ee?anueeee iie?oaoi?/iee ?inoeooo”
?ieaiae Ei?io
(I?ia//eia)
OAeE 621.914.02
I?aeaeuaiiy i?aoeacaeaoiino? aeeneiaeo iee i?e
a?ae??coe? e?oaeeo caaioiaie
Niaoe?aeueiinoue 05.03.01 – I?ioeane iaoai?/ii? ia?iaee,
aa?noaoe oa ?ino?oiaioe
Aaoi?aoa?ao aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai
nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe
Ee?a – 1998
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien
?iaioa aeeiiaia ia eaoaae?? ?ino?oiaioaeueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa
Iaoe?iiaeueiiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo Oe?a?ie “Ee?anueeee
iie?oaoi?/iee ?inoeooo”
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, Caneoaeaiee ae?y/
iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie ?aanueea Iaoae?y Na?a??aia, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e
?ino?oiaioaeueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa Iaoe?iiaeueiiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo
Oe?a?ie “Ee?anueeee iie?oaoi?/iee ?inoeooo”.
Iaoeiaee eiinoeueoaio: ae.o.i., i?ioani?, Aaaaiei Aiae??e ?e?n??ae/
i?ioani? eaoaae?e aeeiai?ee oa i?oeiino? iaoei IOOO “EI?”.
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, /eai-ei?aniiiaeaio Aeaaeai??
iaaeaaia?/ieo iaoe Oe?a?ie, i?ioani?, Caneoaeaiee i?aoe?aiee ina?oe
Oe?a?ie Ao?ae?e Aiae??e Ieeieaeiae/ – Eaa?iao I?i?no??a Oe?a?ie,
canooiiee ia/aeueieea oi?aae?iiy c ieoaiue ina?oe, iaoee oa
aoiai?oa?iiai ?icaeoeo;
eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe, noa?oee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee Ae?aeaiei
Noai?neaa Eineiiae/ – noa?oee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee ?inoeoooo
iaaeoaa?aeeo iaoa??ae?a ?i. A.I. Aaeoey Iaoe?iiaeueii? aeaaeai?? iaoe
Oe?a?ie.
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: AAO “Oe?a?inueeee iaoeiai – aeine?aeiee ?inoeooo
aa?aoe?eieo oaoiieia?e” i.Ee?a
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 14 a?oaeiy 1998 ?. i 15 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaiii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 26.002.11 i?e Iaoe?iiaeueiiio
oaoi?/iiio oi?aa?neoao? Oe?a?ie “Ee?anueeee iie?oaoi?/iee ?inoeooo” ca
aae?anith: 252056, Ee?a -56, i?iniaeo Ia?aiiae 37, iaa/aeueiee ei?ion 1,
aoaeeoi??y 214.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a iaoeiai – oaoi?/i?e a?ae?ioaoe?
Iaoe?iiaeueiiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo Oe?a?ie “EI?”.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “ 11 “_eenoiiaaea_ 1998?.
A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? ?aaee,
aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
TH.A. Iao?aeia
Caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe.
Aeooaeuei?noue. Aeeneia? ieee ciaeoee oe?iea canoinoaaiiy i?e a?ae??coe?
e?oaeeo caaioiaie – o?oa oa i?ooe?a. ?o ?iaioa a ii??aiyii? c ?ioeie
?ino?oiaioaie oa?aeoa?eco?oueny a?eueo aaaeeeie oiiaaie aenieoaoaoe??.
Oea iiynith?oueny iaaeinoaoiuei caaeia?eueiith oi?iith no?oaeeiaeo
eaiaaie, iayai?noth aeaio aeiiii?aeieo ??caeueieo e?iiie c
iani?eyoeeaith aaiiao???th, neeaaeieie oiiaaie no?oaeeiooai?aiiy i?e
aeineoue ei?ioe?e aieiai?e ??caeuei?e e?iioe?, i?a?eaenoei oa?aeoa?ii
i?ioeano ??caiiy, ui ni?ey? aeieeiaiith oe?aeeeaeo a?a?aoe?e. Ana oea ?
i?e/eiith ?ioaineaiiai ciino oa /anoeo iieiiie ?ino?oiaioo.
Aeey i?aeaeuaiiy i?aoeacaeaoiino? aeeneiaeo iee aeine?aeieeaie oa
ae?iaie/ieeaie aoee ?ic?iaeai? oa ai?iaaaeaeai? a ae?iaieoeoai ieee c
??cieie noaiaie c??caiiy i?eioneo, aecia/ai? ?aoe?iiaeuei? ia?aaei? e
caaei? eooe oa ?aaeeie ??caiiy aeey ??cieo oiia aenieoaoaoe??. I?ioa
ieoaiiy eiino?othaaiiy aeeneiaeo iee c e?eaie?i?eiith oi?iith i?io?eth
no?oaeeiaeo eaiaaie, aeei?enoaiiy iee c ia??aiii??iei e?ieii coa?a, ye?
iathoue e?au? aeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee a ii??aiiyi? c? noaiaea?oieie,
aeey a?ae??cee e?oaeeo caaioiaie oa aecia/aiiy iaeano? ?o ?aoe?iiaeueii?
aenieoaoaoe?? aeine?aeaeai? e ?ic?iaeai? iaaeinoaoiueth.
Oaeineiiaeaiiy eiino?oeoe?? aeeneiaeo iee ni?yiiaaia ia cieaeaiiy aeo?ao
ia ?ino?oiaio, i?aeaeuaiiy i?aoeacaeaoiino? oa yeino? a?ae??cee e?oaeeo
caaioiaie, ? aeooaeueiei caaaeaiiyi ? ia? aeeeea oai?aoe/ia e i?aeoe/ia
cia/aiiy.
?iaioa a?aeiia?aei? iaoeiaiio iai?yieo aeine?aeaeaiue, ye? i?iaiaeeoue
eaoaae?a ?ino?oiaioaeueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa Iaoe?iiaeueiiai oaoi?/iiai
oi?aa?nenoaoo Oe?a?ie “EI?” ca ieaiaie I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie.
Iaoa ?iaioe iieyaa? a i?aeaeuaii? i?aoeacaeaoiino? aeeneiaeo iee i?e
a?ae??caii? e?oaeeo caaioiaie ca ?aooiie ?ic?iaee iee c ia??aiii??iei
e?ieii oa e?eaie?i?eiei i?io?eai coa?a.
Iniiai? caaea/? ?iaioe:
ae??oaiiy ieoaiue i?io?ethaaiiy ??caeueii? /anoeie aeeneiaeo iee c
ia??aiii??iei e?ieii oa e?eaie?i?iith oi?iith coa?a;
aecia/aiiy caeiio ?ooo oe?oiaaeueiiai e?oao i?e aeoe?oiaoe? no?oaeeiaeo
eaiaaie oa caoi/oe? aeeneiaeo iee ia aa?noaoao c *IE;
aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeiai?/iiai noaio aeeneiai? ieee i?e ?? e?iaiaoe/iiio
caoaeaeaii?, aecia/aiiy a?eueo aoaeoeaiiai e?eoa??th ioe?iee
aeeiai?/iiai noaio ieee a i?ioean? ?iaioe;
aeyaeaiiy aieeao eiino?oeoeaieo ia?aiao??a ieee ia e?eoa??e ioe?iee ??
aeeiai?/iiai noaio;
noai?aiiy iiai? eiino?oeoe?? ?ino?oiaioo aeey a?ae??cee e?oaeeo
ciaioiaie;
?ic?iaea ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e ii aeai?o eiino?oeoeaieo ia?aiao??a aeeneiaeo
iee a caeaaeiino? a?ae oiia ?o aenieoaoaoe??.
Iaoiaeeea aeine?aeaeaiue. Oai?aoe/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy aoee i?iaaaeai? ia
iniia? aeei?enoaiiy no/aniiai iaoaiaoe/iiai aia?aoo, iaoiae?a
iae?anethaaeueii? oa aiae?oe/ii? aaiiao???, oai??? eieeaaiue, iniiaieo
iieiaeaiue oai??? ??caiiy oa i?iaeooaaiiy ??caeueieo ?ino?oiaio?a.
Aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeenue c aeei?enoaiiyi no/anii?
eiio?ieueii – aei??thaaeueii? aia?aoo?e.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia:
?icaeiooee iai?yiie a i?iaeooaaii? aeeneiaeo iee, yeee iieyaa? a
aeei?enoaii? e?eaie?i?eiiai i?io?eth no?oaeeiaeo eaiaaie oa
ia??aiii??iiai e?ieo coa?a;
ae??oaia caaea/a i?io?ethaaiiy aeeneiaeo iee, o yeeo i?io?eue coaa
iaiaaeaiee aeoaaie e?e oa aeaiia a?ae??ceaie i?yieo, a oaeiae ?icaeyioo?
ie?ai? aeiaaeee c? ni?iuaiith oi?iith i?io?eth coaa;
aecia/aiee caeii ?ooo oe?oiaaeueiiai e?oao a?aeiinii caaioiaee ia
aa?noaoao c *IE o??ie “Loroch” i?e oi?iiooai?aii? e?eaie?i?eieo i?io?e?a
coa?a iee c ia??aiii??iei e?ieii niiniaii iaeiaiiy;
noai?aia iaoiaeeea e aeaaaeai? a?aeiia?aei? caeaaeiino? aeey aecia/aiiy
/enea iaeii/anii i?aoethth/eo coa?a oa caa?ocee ??caeueii? /anoeie iee
i?e a?ae??coe? e?oaeeo caaioiaie;
i?e e?iaiaoe/iiio caoaeaeai? caeiieo eieeaaiue aeeneiai? ieee
anoaiiaeaiee e?eoa??e aeeiai?/iiai noaio ieee, aenia?eiaioaeueii e
i?aeoe/ii aeiaaaeaia eiai ni?iiiaei?noue neoaeeoe ii??aiyeueiith
ioe?ieith ??cieo eiino?oeoe?e iee ia noaae?? ?o i?iaeooaaiiy;
aeyaeai? caeiiii??iino? aieeao eiino?oeoeaieo ia?aiao??a oa oiia
aenieoaoaoe?? aeeneiaeo iee ia ?o aeeiai?/iee noai, ca ?acoeueoaoaie
aiae?co yeeo cai?iiiiiaai? iia? eiino?oeoe?? iee, oa iaae? ?o
canoinoaaiiy.
Ia caoeno aeiinyoueny:
Iaoiaeeea i?io?ethaaiiy aeeneiaeo iee c e?eaie?i?eiei i?io?eai
no?oaeeiaeo eaiaaie oa ia??aiii??iei e?ieii coa?a, a oaeiae aeai?eoi
?ic?aooieo ia?aiao??a i?io?eth coaa ieee;
iaoiaeeea oa aeai?eoi aecia/aiiy caeiio ?ooo oe?oiaaeueiiai e?oaa i?e
ia?iaoe? niiniaii iaeiaiiy no?oaeeiaeo eaiaaie aeeneiaeo iee c
e?eaie?i?eiei i?io?eai;
?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy caa?ocee ??caeueii? /anoeie aeeneiai? ieee oa
aecia/aiiy /enea iaeii/anii i?aoethth/eo coa?a a ??ci? iiiaioe /ano
a?ae??coaaiiy i?ooe?a oa o?oa;
?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy oa?aeoa?enoee aeeiai?/iiai noaio ieee a
i?ioeann? a?ae??cee oa aecia/aiiy ia iniia? cai?iiiiiaaiiai e?eoa??th,
aeioe?eueieo aaee/ei eiino?oeoeaieo ia?aiao??a ieee;
iia? eiino?oeoe?? iee aeey a?ae??cee i?ooe?a oa o?oa oa iaae? ?o
?aoe?iiaeueiiai aeei?enoaiiy.
I?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a:
ia aac? aecia/aiiai a ?iaio? caeiio ?ooo oe?oiaaeueiiai e?oao, noai?aia
e aeaioiaeaia nenoaia oi?aae?iiy noaieii c *IE aeey aeoe?oiaee e caoi/ee
coa?a iee, a oiio /ene? e c ia??aiii??iei e?ieii.
cai?iiiiiaaiee e?eoa??e ioe?iee aeeiai?/iiai noaio aeeneiai? ieee a
i?ioean? a?ae??coaaiiy, yeee aeicaiey? iaa?oioiaoaaoe oa aecia/aoe
aeioe?euei? aaee/eie eiino?oeoeaieo ia?aiao??a oa iaeanoue aoaeoeaiiai
aeei?enoaiiy ??cieo eiino?oeoe?e iee;
noai?ai? aeai?eoi oa i?ia?aie i?iaeooaaiiy aeeneiaeo iee c ia??aiii??iei
e?ieii coa?a e?eaie?i?eiiai i?io?ey, ye? nooo?ai i?aeaeuothoue
no?ee?noue ?ino?oiaioo oa ye?noue ia?iaethaaii? iiaa?oi?.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a.
Naiinoeeia ?ic?iaea iaoiaeee, aeai?eoi?a oa i?ia?ai c i?io?ethaaiiy
no?oaeeiaeo eaiaaie oa aecia/aiiy caeiio ?ooo oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oao i?e
?o aeoe?oiaoe? oa caoi/oe? e?eaie?i?eiiai i?io?eth coa?a.
Ia aac? ?icaeyaeo iiaeae? e?iaiaoe/iiai caoaeaeaiiy caeiieo eieeaaiue
ieee cai?iiiioaaa e?eoa??e ioe?iee aeeiai?/iiai noaio ieee a i?ioean?
a?ae??coaaiiy. Naiino?eii aeeiiaa iniiaiee ianya ?ic?aooie?a oa
aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue, ye? i?iaaaeai? iei ia eaoaae??
?ino?oiaioaeueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa oa ia o??i? «Loroch». Ocaaaeueiaiiy
?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue cae?enithaaeenue ni?eueii c ae.o.i., i?io.
?aanueeith I.N. oa ae.o.i., i?io. Aaaaiei A.?.
?aae?c?oe?y ?acoeueoao?a ?iaioe.
?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe aeei?enoai? i?e ?ic?iaoe? iiai?
iiaeeo?eaoe?? aa?noaoo c *IE ia o??i? «Loroch», a oaeiae i?e a?ae??coe?
e?oaeeo caaioiaie ia ?yae? i?aei?e?inoa I?ia//eie. ?ic?iaeai?
eiino?oeoe?? iee iieacaee i?aeaeuaiiy no?eeino? ?ino?oiaioo a 1,5 ?ace,
cieaeaiiy ??aiy ooio, oi?noeino? iiaa?oi? oa caaee?ie.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe
?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe aeiiia?aeaeenue oa iaaiai?thaaeenue ia I?aeia?iaei?e
iaoeiai – oaoi?/i?e eiioa?aioe?? «?ioa?ia?oia? – 97» – «Aenie?
oaoiieia?? a iaoeiiaoaeoaaii? (i. Oa?e?a – Aeoooa, 1997?.), ia
I?aeia?iaei?e iaoeiai – oaoi?/i?e eiioa?aioe??, i?enay/aii? 100-??//th
iaoai?ei – iaoeiiaoae?aiiai oa 50 – ??//th caa?thaaeueiiai oaeoeueoao?a
Iaoe?iiaeueiiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo Oe?a?ie “EI?” naeoe?y “Eaciaee
??aeo/ee ?ino?oiaio oa i?ioeane ??caiiy” (i. Ee?a, 1998?.)
?ic?iaeai? eiino?oeoe?? iee oa aa?noao c *IO aeey ?o i?io?eueii? caoi/ee
aeaiiino?oaaeenue ia I?aeia?iaeieo aenoaaeao a Aaiiaa?? – 1997?., a
Aethnaeueaei?o? – 1998?. oa a Aoanao?c? – 1998?.
?iaioa aeiiia?aeaeanue ? io?eiaea iiceoeaiee a?aeaoe ia ?icoe?aiiio
can?aeaii? eaoaae?e “?ino?oiaioaeueia ae?iaieoeoai” Iaoe?iiaeueiiai
oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo Oe?a?ie “EI?” (i. Ee?a, o?aaaiue 1998?.)
Ioae?eaoe??
Ii iaoa??aeao aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe iioae?eiaaii 6 i?aoeue oa iiaeaia 1
cayaea ia iaoaio Oe?a?ie.
No?oeoo?a oa ianya ?iaioe.
Aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa neeaaea?oueny c anooio, oanoe ?icae?e?a,
caaaeueieo aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e, yeee iae?/o? 108
iaeiaioaaiue ? aeiaeaoeo. ?iaioa aeeeaaeaia ia 189 noi??ieao,
aeeth/ath/e 52 ?enoiee ia 43 noi??ieao, 7 oaaeeoeue ia 5 noi??ieao.
Aeiaeaoie i?noeoue 27 noi??iie.
Iniiaiee ci?no ?iaioe
O anooi? iaa?oioiao?oueny aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeena?oaoe??, aeeeaaeai?
iaoa ?iaioe oa noi?ioeueiaai? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy aeey aeinyaiaiiy
oe??? iaoe, iaoeiaa iiaecia, a oaeiae iniiai? iieiaeaiiy, ye?
aeiinoyoueny ia cao?no.
A ia?oiio ?icae?e? i?iaaaeaii aiae?oe/iee iaeyae e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaea?ae c
ieoaiue, iia`ycaieo c a?ae??ceith caaioiaie aeeneiaeie ieeaie.
A ?acoeueoao? aiae?co ?nioth/eo eiino?oeoe?e aeeneiaeo iee, iniaeeainoae
oaoiieia?? ?o aeaioiaeaiiy oa aenioaoaoe??, oeyo?a oaeineiiaeaiiy
cacia/aiiai ?ino?oiaioo aoee anoaiiaeai? iaaeinoaoiuei aea/ai? oa
aeine?aeaeai? i?iaeaie, iaa?oioiaai? ?iai/? a?iioace oa caaea/?
aeine?aeaeaiue, ?aae?caoe?y yeeo aea? iiaeeea?noue ?ic?iaeoe
?aeiiaiaeaoe?? c i?iaeooaaiiy, aeaioiaeaiiy oa aenieoaoaoe??
i?ia?aneaieo eiino?oeoe?e aeeneiaeo iee.
Aoei iaa?oioiaaii iieiaeaiiy i?i oa, ui i?aeaeueoe i?aoeacaeaoi?noue
aeeneiaeo iee iiaeia ca ?iooiie canoinoaaiiy e?eaie?i?eiiai i?io?eth oa
ia??aiii??iiai e?ieo coa?a, c iaoith ci?ie a?a?iaeoeaiino? ciie ??caiiy.
Oeae oeyo i?aeaeuaiiy i?aoeacaeaoiino? aeeneiaeo iee ia aeine?aeaeoaaany
? eiino?oeoe?y ?o ia ?ic?iaethaaeanue. Aei iiyae aa?noao?a c *IE
aeaioiaeoe oaeiai ?iaeo ?ino?oiaioe oa i?aai?coaaoe ?o na??eia
ae?iaieoeoai i?aeoe/ii aoei ia iiaeeeaei.
O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? aoa ?ic?iaeaiee ocaaaeueiaiee i?io?eue coa?a iee
(?en.1), yeee neeaaea?oueny c i?yiie?i?eii? ae?eueieoe? f1, ieaaii
ni?yaeaii? c aeoaith eiea ?aae?ona r1, yea c’?aeio?oueny c aeoaith eiea
?aae?ona r, ieaaii ni?yaeaii? c iath aeoae eiea ?aae?ona R oa
i?yiie?i?eii? ae?eueieoe? f2.
A?ao?/ii e aiae?oe/ii aecia/ai? ia?aiao?e, caeaaei? a?ae caaeaieo.
Caaeaieie ia?aiao?aie ocaaaeueiaiiai i?io?eth ?:
ae?aiao? ieee – D, ii;
/enei coa?a – Z;
ia?aaei?e eoo – (, a?aae;
, a?aae;
caaei?e eoo e?eaie?i?eii? iiaa?oi? i?io?eth – (, a?aae
eoo i?io?eth a oi/oe? L – (1, a?aae;
,ii;
iieiaeaiiy oi/ee L, yea caaea?oueny ?ici??aie h1 oa l, aea
h1=(0,0…0,3)h, l=(0,5…+0,5),ii;
?ici?? oanee f1=(0…0,06)?,ii
?ici?? oanee ia caaei?e iiaa?oi? f2=(0,00…0,09)?, ii;
A?ao?/ia aecia/aiiy ocaaaeueiaiiai i?io?eth coaa ieee i?e cacia/aieo
caaeaieo ia?aiao?ao iieacaii ia ?en.2. Nii/aoeo a?ao?/ii aecia/a?ony
iieiaeaiiy oeaio?o I3 e ?aae?ona r1 ae?eueieoe? eiea CL, ye oi/ea
ia?aoeio aeaio ia?iaiaeeeoey??a aei a?ae??ceia AN a oi/oe? N oa
na?aaeeie a?ae??cea CL. Iieiaeaiiy oeai?o I1 eiea ?aae?onii r
aecia/a?oueny oi/eith ia?aoeio a?naeo?ene eooa LEK oa i?yii? O1L=r,
ia?iaiaeeeoey?ii? aei i?yii? LE. Ca?aeii c ?en.2 oeaio? I2 eiea
?aae?onii R eaaeeoue ia i?yi?e II2, ia?iaiaeeeoey?i?e aei i?yii? IA,
i?iaaaeaii? i?ae eooii (e, /a?ac oi/eo I. Ca iiaoaeiaith oeaio? I2
oaeiae eaaeeoue ia i?yi?e SO2, yea yaey? niaith ia?iaiaeeeoey? aei
a?ae??cea O1F. Oi/ea ia?aoeio i?yieo II2 oa SO2 aoaea oeaio?ii eiea, yea
ioi?ieth? caoeeeiao iiaa?oith coaa ieee, a?ae??cie MF=r, FS=SO1.
?aae?on R oeueiai eiea aei??aith? a?ae??ceo II2. Aoee aeaaaeai?
aiae?oe/i? caeaaeiino? aeey ?ic?aooieo ia?aiao??a i?io?eth, ye? neeaee
iniiao iaoiaeeee aecia/aiiy i?io?eth coaa ieee. I?e /anoeiaeo cia/aiiyo
caaeaieo ia?aiao??a ocaaaeueiaiee i?io?eue ia?aoai?th?oueny a ??ci?
/anoeia? i?io?e?.
Ca iniiaiee i?e ?ic?iaoe? aeeneiaeo iee c ia??aiai??iei e?ieii coa?a aoa
i?eeiyoee i?io?eue, o yeiai ?aae?on r1=0 oa (1=0.
Aoea neeaaeaia i?ia?aia ?ic?aooieo ia IAII e?eaie?i?eiiai i?io?eth coaa
ieee c aeia?eueii aea?aiei caeiiii ci?ie e?ieo coa?a.
Aiae?c aeaaaeaieo oi?ioe aeey ?ic?aooieo ?aae?on?a oa eii?aeeiao
oeaio??a aeoa e?e, ye? iienothoue e?eaie?i?eiee i?io?eue iieaco?, ui i?e
ci?i? e?ieo coa?a i?io?eue no?oaeeiaeo eaiaaie oaeiae ci?ith?oueny.
O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? a?ao?/ii oa aiae?oe/ii aecia/aiee caeii ?ooo
oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oao a?aeiinii caaioiaee i?e aeoe?oiaoe? no?oaeeiaeo
eaiaaie c ??cieie oi?iaie i?io?e?a, iaiaaeaieo a?ae??ceaie i?yieo oa
aeoaaie e?e.
Aeaioiaeoe ??ci? i?io?e? no?oaeeiaeo eaiaaie i?e ia?aoiae? a?ae iaeiiai
coaa aei ?ioiai iaoiaeii eii?thaaiiy i?aeoe/ii ia iiaeeeai. Ia no/aniiio
??ai? iaea?eueo aoaeoeaiei niiniaii ia?iaee i?io?e?a coa?a c
ia??aiii??iei e?ieii ? ?o aeoe?oiaea, i?io?eueia caoi/ea oa ia?aoi/ea ii
iaoiaeo iaeiaiiy oe?ooaaeueiei e?oaii a?aeiia?aeiiai i?io?eth ia
aa?noaoao c *IE. Caeii ?ooo oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oao i?e oeueiio caeaaeeoue
a?ae i?eeiyoi? e?iaiaoeee aa?noaoa.
A ?iaio? ieoaiiy aecia/aiiy caeiio ?ooo oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oao ae??oaii
aeey aa?noaoa c *IE o??ie “Loroch”, ia yeiio caaioiaea iaa?oa?oueny
iaaeiei nai?? in?, a oe?ooaaeueiee e?oa, yeee oaeiae iaa?oa?oueny,
cae?enith? ca i?ia?aiith cai?ioiuei – iinooiiaee ?oo, i?eaeeaeath/enue
/e a?aeaeaeyth/enue a?ae in? ia?iaethaaii? caaioiaee ieee.
Aeey oiai, uia ia?iaeoe aac i?ae??caiiy i?io?e? coa?a ieee c ??cieie
iiceoeaieie ia?aaei?ie eooaie, ieiueia cai?ioiuei – iinooiiaeo ?oo?a
oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oao ci?uo?oueny a?ae in? caaioiaee. Aaee/eia ci?uaiiy
aea?aia ?c oiiae ia?iaee i?io?e?a c ia?aaei?ie eooaie iaiueoeie 30(, ui
iiai?noth caaeiaieueiy? i?aeoeeo. I?io?eue oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oao aea?aiee
a oi?i? aeoae eiea ?aae?ona ( ? a i?ioean? oe?ooaaiiy ia??iaee/ii
i?aaeoueny.
?aae?on ( oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oaa, aeoiaey/e c oiia oi?iiooai?aiiy,
aeae?a?oueny iaiueoei ?aae?ona e?eaecie i?io?ey no?oaeeiai? eaiaaee a
eiaei?e ?? oi/oe?. Iaiao?aeiee caeii ?ooo oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oao
caeaaeeoue a?ae oi?ie ia?iaethaaeueiiai i?io?eth.
I?e ia?iaoe? aeioeeiai i?io?eth aeaoae?, iaiaaeaiiai aeoaith A1Ae1
(?en.3) iaoiaeeea aecia/aiiy caeiio ?ooo oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oao aaco?oueny
ia o?e aeanoeaino?, ui ni?euei? ii?iae? a oi/eao eiioaeoo i?io?ey coaa
ieee c? oe?ooaaeueiei e?oaii, i?ioiaeyoue /a?ac oeaio? N i?io?ey
oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oao.
Aeoiaey/e c oeueiai, iieiaeaiiy oeaio?o N a ??ci? iiiaioe /ano
aecia/a?oueny oi/eith ia?aoeio i?yii? N, ii ye?e a ?acoeueoao?
cai?ioiuei – iinooiiaeo ?oo?a ia?ai?uo?oueny oeaio? i?io?eth
oe?oiaaeueiiai e?oao N, oa aeoae a – aea?ae?noaioe aeoae A1Ae1 i?io?ey
ieee, ?aae?on yei? aei??aith? R+(. Oi/ea N1 ia?aoeio aeoae a1 c i?yiith
N aoaea aecia/aoe iieiaeaiiy i?io?eth e?oaa a ii/aoeiaee iiiaio. I?e
iaa?o? caaio?aee ieee ia aeia?eueiee eoo ( aea?ae?noaioa a1 ia?ai?uo?ony
a iieiaeaiiy a2. Oi/ea N2 ia?aoeio aeoae a2 c i?yiith N aecia/a? iiaa
iieiaeaiiy oeaio?o oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oaa oa a?aenoaiue L=N1N2, ia yeo
ia?ai?uo?oueny oe?ooaaeueiee e?oa ca /an iaa?oo caaio?aee ia eoo ( a?ae
naiai ii/aoeiaiai iieiaeaiiy. Ciath/e ia?ai?uaiiy L oa eoo (
aoaeothoueny a?ao?ee L=f(().
?ic?aooiie caeaaeiinoe L=f(() aeeiio?ony ca aeaaaeaieie a ?iaio?
oi?ioeaie:
;
;
;
;
;
,
aea (-eoo iaoeeo in? oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oaa;
R-?aae?on aeoae eiea ia i?io?e? coaa ieee;
X01, Y01- eii?aeeiaoe oeaio?a I1 aeoae i?io?eth;
(i- eoo iaa?oo caaioiaee;
aaee/eia i?yiie?i?eii – iinooiiaiai ia?ai?uaiiy oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oaa.
I?e ia?iaoe? oaiooiai i?io?eth, iaiaaeaiiai aeoaith eiea ?aae?onii r,
iaoiaeeea aecia/aiiy caeiio oe?ooaaeueiiai eiea caeeoa?oueny oa naia,
aea ?aae?on aea?ae?noaioii? aeoae aaaaea?oueny ??aiei r-(. I?e ia?iaoe?
i?yiie?i?eii? ae?eueieoe? i?io?ey coaa, cai?noue aea?ae?noaioii? aeoae
?icaeyaea?oueny i?yia, yea a?aenoi?oue a?ae i?yii? ia?iaethaaeueiiai
i?io?ey ia a?aenoai? (.
Aiae?c iieaco?, ui caeii ?ooo oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oaa i?e ia?iaoe?
i?yiie?i?eii? ae?eueieoe? i?io?ey coaa ieee ia ? i?yiie?i?eiith
caeaaei?noth.
I?io?eue coa?a ieee neeaaea?oueny c aeae?eueeio ae?eueieoeue. Aeey
aecia/aiiy caeiio ?ooo oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oao i?e ia?iaoe? i?io?eth coaa
ca cacia/aieie iaoiaeeeaie aoa ?ic?iaeaiee aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo caeiio
?ooo oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oao aeey ?aaeueieo eiino?oeoe?e aeeneiaeo iee, o
yeeo i?io?eue coaa iaiaaeaiee aeaiia a?ae??ceaie i?yieo oa aeaiia
aeoaaie e?e. Naia oeae aeai?eoi iieeaaeaii a iniiao i?e noai?ai? nenoaie
oi?aae?iiy iiai? iiaeeoeeaoe?? aa?noaoa c *IE.
O /aoaa?oiio ?icae?e? i?iaaaeaiee aiae?c caa?ocee ??caeueii? e?iiee a
aeine?aeaeoaai?e oi/oe? a aeia?eueiee iiiaio /ano, ?ic?iaeai? iaoiaeeea,
aeai?eoi oa neeaaeaia i?ia?aia aecia/aiiy iaeii/anii i?aoethth/eo coa?a,
?icaeyiooa iiaeaeue e?iaiaoe/iiai caoaeaeaiiy caeieo eieeaaiue aeeneiai?
ieee a i?ioean? ?iaioe oa ia ?? aac? cai?iiiiiaaiee iiaee e?eoa??e
aeeiai?/ii? no?eeino? ieee.
Ia iniia? aiae?co iieiaeaiiy ??caeueii? e?iiee a aeia?eueii aea?aiee
iiiaio /ano oa e?iaiaoeee i?ioeano a?ae??coaaiiy aeaaaeai? caeaaeiino?
aeey aecia/aiiy oiauei c??co aeey i?ooe?a oa o?oa.
Iieacaii, ui a aeia?eueiee iiiaio /ano oiaueia c??co ? ci?iia aaee/eia,
ui aeeeeeaii ci?iith eooa eiioaeoo a i?ioean? a?ae??cee caaioiaie.
Ca ?ic?iaeaieie i?ia?aiaie aecia/aiiy iaeii/anii i?aoethth/eo coa?a
iiaoaeiaai? i?eeeaaee ae?aa?ai aeey iee c ??ciith e?eueeinoth coa?a oa c
ia??aiii??iei e?ieii. Aiae?c iaaaaeaieo a ?iaio? ae?aa?ai, iieaco?, ui
aeey iaeieo e oeo aea ae?aiao??a ieee, oiaueie no?iee o?oae oa ae?aiao?a
i?ooea, /enei iaeii/anii i?aoethth/eo coa?a caeaaeeoue a?ae
iii?iaeueiiai e?ieo, /enea coa?a a a?oi? c ia??aiii??iei e?ieii, oa
?iciiae?eo ia??aiii??iino? e?ieo a a?oii?.
A ?iaio? iaa?oioiaaia iiaeaeue e?iaiaoe/iiai caoaeaeaiiy caeiieo
eieeaaiue aeeneiai? ieee i?e a?ae??coe? caaioiaie. ?icaeyaeath/e
iiaeaeue e?iaiaoe/iiai caoaeaeaiiy caeiieo eieeaaiue ieee c a?aooaaiiyi
nee ?ia?oe?? caienaii ??aiyiiy caeiieo eieeaaiue:
,
– oeee?iae?e/ia aei?noe?noue;
A – iiaeoeue THiaa;
h – oiaueia ieee;
( – ei?o?oe??io Ioanniia;
(2 – iia?aoi? Eaieana;
– ?ioaineai?noue nee ?ia?oe??, ae?th/eo ia ieeo;
( – aonoeia;
W – aaniethoia ia?ai?uaiiy;
Caaaeath/e ia oa, ui aaniethoia ia?ai?uaiiy, yea iiaea aooe
i?aaenoaaeaia ye noia ia?aiiniiai Wa oa a?aeiiniiai Wr ia?ai?uaiue, ?
ia??iaee/iei e iiaea aooe ?iceeaaeaia a iiaea?eiee ?yae Oo?’? ii /ano oa
aeanieie oi?iai, iaea?aeaii ??aiyiiy, yea iiaea ?icaeyaeaoenue ye
??aiyiiy aeiooaieo eieeaaiue:
,
aea Ajk e Ajk – aiie?ooaee aa?iii?e ia?aiiniiai ?ooo;
Wj – aeania oi?ia eieeaaiue;
(e – e?oaiaa /anoioa caoaeaeoth/i? neee
Ine?eueee iaea?aeaia ??aiyiiy e?i?eia, oi aeinoaoiuei ?icaeyiooe
/anoeiaa ??oaiiy, a caaaeueia iaea?aeaoe ye noio /anoeiaeo.
?icaeyaeath/e ??oaiiy caaea/? i?i a?euei? eieeaaiiy ieee, ??aiyiiy
aeanieo oi?i oa /anoeiaa ??oaiiy ??aiyiiy i?i aeiooai? eieeaaiiy ieee c
/anoioith caoaeaeoth/i? neee a aeaeyae?:
,
??aiyiiy aeiooaieo eieeaaiue iiaea aooe caienaii a aeaeyae?:
,
I?ney noi?niiai ?icaeyaeo oeueiai ??aiyiiy e ??aiyiiy aeanieo oi?i oa
ia?aoai?aiiy iaea?aeaii:
,
aea Ajk – aiie?ooaea e-? aa?iii?ee aeiooaii? neee;
jk – aiie?ooaea aeiooaieo eieeaaiue;
(j – aeania e?oaiaa /anoioa.
Iieacaii, ui ca ioe?ieo ia?aiao?a eieeaaiue ieee iiaeia aeei?enoaoe
aiie?ooaeo, yea aecia/a?oueny i?aaith /anoeiith ??aiyiiy ? ? e?eoa???i
ii??aiyii? oa?aeoa?enoeee aeeiai?/iiai noaio aeeneiai? ieee a i?ioean?
a?ae??coaaiiy.
Ia aac? iieiaeaiue oai??? eieeaaiue iaa?oioiaaii aea?? e?eoa??y
ii??aiyeueii? ioe?iee aeeiai?/iiai noaio ??cieo eiino?oeoe?e iee i?e
a?ae??coe? caaioiaie. Cai?iiiiiaaii ca oaeee e?eoa??e aeei?enoiaoaaoe
cia/aiiy e?eoa??th ioe?iee aeeiai?/iiai noaio ieee i?e e?iaiaoe/iiio
caoaeaeaii? ?? caeiieo eieeaaiue Crmax aea?aia ia ia?oeo o?ueio aeanieo
oi?iao eieeaaiue.
O i’yoiio ?icae?e? ia iniia? aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao eiino?oeoeaieo
ia?aiao??a ieee cai?iiiiiaai? iia? eiino?oeoe?? iee c ia??aiii??iei
e?ieii coa?a. Anoaiiaeai? iaae? aeei?enoaiiy oaeeo iee oa ae?aiacii
ae?aiao??a, a iaaeao yeiai ieee iiaeooue ia?aoi/oaaoenue aac iia??oaiiy
nai?o aeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee.
I?e ae??oaii? oeeo ieoaiue aoei aeine?aeaeaii aieea ia cia/aiiy Crmax
ae?aiao?a iee a iaaeao 200…325ii, oaeaeeino? iaa?oo ieee
n=10…45ia/oa, e?eueeino? coa?a Z=80…200 oa ?ici???a e?oaeeo
caaioiaie ae?aiao?ii aei 80ii o?oa oiaueiith no?iee 10ii, ye?
a?ae??cathoueny ieeaie ye c ??aiii??iei e?ieii, oae ? c ia??aiii??iei
e?ieii i?e ??cieo oiaueiao aeeneo ieee (A=2,5…1,5ii)
Aiae?c cia/aiue Crmax iieaco?, ui aeeiai?/iee noai ieee c ??aiii??iei
e?ieii, ia?o ca ana caeaaeeoue a?ae ?ici???a caaioiaee (oiaueie no?iee
aeey o?oa oa ae?aiao?o aeey i?ooe?a) e oiaueie aeeneo ieee. I?e oiio,
yeui e?oaiaee e?ie ieee e?aoiee (/e aeecueeee aei oeueiai) oiauei?
caaioiaee, yea a?ae??ca?oueny, oi ieea ia? e?au? aeeiai?/i?
oa?aeoa?enoeee ca an? ?io? ieee. Oeae aeniiaie i?aeoaaaeaeaiee ye
aenia?eiaioaeueii, oae ? aeina?aeii aeei?enoaiiy aeeneiaeo iee e
a?aeiia?aea? oiiaai ??aiii??iiai o?aca?oaaiiy i?e a?ae??coe?.
Oaeei /eiii, iie?ioeoe aeeiai?/iee noai ieee c ??aiii??iei e?ieii coa?a
iiaeia, yeui e?euee?noue coa?a oa ae?aiao? ieee i?e i?iaeooaaii? oeueiai
?ino?oiaioo aeae?aoe c a?aooaaiiyi cacia/aii? oiiae, ui i?aeoe/ii
iaiiaeeeai. Aaeeeee aieea ia cia/aiiy Crmax ia? oiaueia aeeneo ieee,
a?ae yei? ia?o ca ana caeaaeeoue cia/aiiy caoaeaeoth/i? neee. Ca
?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiue aieeao ??cieo eiino?oeoeaieo ia?aiao??a iee
c ??aiii??iei e?ieii ia cia/aiiy Crmax cai?iiiiiaaia iiaa eiino?oeoe?y
ieee c? ci?iiith oiaueiith aeeneo, yea ia ae?aiao?? 315ii ia? oiaueio
aeeneo A=1,8ii e ciaioo?oueny aei A=1,5ii ia ae?aiao?? 150ii, iio?i
ca?eueoo?oueny aei1,8ii ia ae?aiao?? iaoi/eie. Oey eiino?oeoe?y ieee
aeicaiey? ca?eueoeoe e?euee?noue ia?aoi/ie, ca?eueoeoe oa?i?i ??
aeei?enoaiiy e iieeaaeaia a iniiao aeine?aeaeaiue i?e ?ic?iaoe? iee c
ia??aiii??iei e?ieii coa?a.
A ?aaio? i?iaaaeaiee aiae?c cia/aiue Crmax iee c ia??aiii??iei e?ieii
coa?a a a?oi?, c e?eueeino? coa?a a a?oi? Za?=2, Za?=4, Za?=6, Za?=8 c
??ciei? caeiiaie ?iciiae?eaiiy ia??aiii??iino? e?ieo coa?a i?e
a?ae??coe? o?oa oa i?ooe?a. A ?acoeueoao? oeueiai aiae?co anoaiiaeaii,
ui aeey a?ae??coaaiiy o?oa iiaeooue aooe ?aeiiaiaeiaai? ieee c Za?=6 c
ia??aiii??i?noth e?ieo a a?oi? (=10…15% oa c Za?=8 e ia??aiii??i?noth
(=10% c ?iciiae?eaiiyi ia??aiii??iino? e?ieo ca o?eeooieeii.
Ieee c Za?=6 iieacothoue e?au? aeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee i?e
a?ae??coaaii? c n(30 ia/oa, Za?=8 i?e iaa?oao ieee n(30 ia/oa.
A ae?aiacii? ae?aiao??a a?ae??coaaieo caaioiaie ( 10…60 ii, oa o?oa c
oiaueiith no?iee a?ae 0,1 ii aei 10 ii i?iaaaeaii aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao
ia Crmax ciaiueoaiiy ae?aiao?a ieee i?e ia?aoi/oe?, oaeaeeino? iaa?oo
ieee, e?eueeino? coa?a, oiaueie no?iee o?oae, oa ae?aiao?o caaioiaee. Ca
?acoeueaoaie oeeo aeine?aeaeaiue anoaiiaeai? iaae? ?oaeoeaiiai
canoinoaaiiy iee ??cieo eiino?oeoe?e. Iieacaii, ui ieee iiai?
eiino?oeoe?? aeiioneathoue ia?aoi/eo c ae?aiao?a 315ii aei 275ii aac
iia??oaiiy aeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee, a oie /an ye ieee (275ii
aeaioiaeai? ca ?nioth/eie noaiaea?oaie aeiioneathoue ia?aoi/eo aei
(250(245ii.
O oinoiio ?icae?e? i?aaenoaaeaia iaoiaeeea oa ?acoeueoaoe ii??aiyeueieo
aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue iee iiai? eiino?oeoe??, cai?iiiiiaaii?
ca ?acoeueoaoaie oai?aoe/iiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeiai?/iiai noaio iee i?e
e?iaiaoe/iiio caoaeaeaii? ?o caeiieo eieeaaiue, a oaeiae ?acoeueoaoe
aeei?enoaiiy iee iiai? eiino?oeoe?? a i?iieneiaino? oa ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii
iaeano? ?o canoinoaaiiy.
Aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaaaeai? ia i?ooeao aeeaiao??a 10ii
,45ii oa 60ii oa ia o?oaao (10ii oa 40ii c oiaueiith no?iee 0,5ii, 2ii
oa 5ii ?c noae? 45. Aei?iaoaaeenue ieee iiai? eiino?oeoe?? ae?aiao?ii
315ii oa 275ii oa noaiaea?oi? – ae?aiao?ii 275ii c oiaueiie aeeneo
A=1,8ii e aeiiii?aeiei eooii a ieai? (1=15(, ?ino?oiaioaeueiee iaoa??ae
– oaeaeei??caeueia noaeue HSS, /enei iaa?o?a oieiaeaey: 22,5 ia/oa, 31,5
ia/oa oa 45 ia/oa, c iiaea/aie ia coa – Sz=0,005 ii/coa, Sz=0,01 ii/coa
oa Sz=0,02 ii/coa.
Aenia?eiaioaeueii oa a oiiaao ae?iaieoeoaa i?aeoaa?aeaeai? ia?aaaae iee
iiai? eiino?oeoe??.
Oae, iai?eeeaae, ia ?en.4. i?eaaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe aei??thaaiue
neeaaeiaeo neee ??caiiy – inueiai? ?z oa Py, ni?yiiaai?e ca iiaea/ath
i?e a?ae??coe? o?oae (38o3,4ii ieeaie ae?aiao?ii 315ii c? ci?iiith
oiaueiith aeeneo (A=1,8o1,5ii), Z=168 c ??aiii??iei e?ieii oa
ia??aiii??iei – c Za?=6,(=15% c ?iciiae?eii ia??aiii??iino? e?ieo ca
o?eeooieeii i?e iiaea/? Sz=0,01ii/coa oa iaa?oao ieee 31,5ia/oa.
A?i??thaaiiy neeaaeiaeo neee ??caiiy i?e a?ae??coaaii? cae?enithaaeinue
ca aeiiiiiaith eiii’thoa?iiai eiiieaeno c ?ioi?iaoe??th a?ae
neeiaei??iiai aeao/eea eiino?oeoe?? AIAe??, ciiioiaaiiai ia aac?
oiea?ii-aaeioiaiai aa?noaoa 1616.
Io?eiai? niaeo?e neeaaeiaeo ?z oa Py neee ??caiiy iieacothoue, ui i?e
a?ae??coaaii? o?oae (38o3,4ii ieeaie c ia??aiii??iei e?ieii coa?a a
ii??aiyii? c ieeaie, ye? iathoue ??aiii??iee e?ie, neoaeaoue
aenia?eiaioaeueiei i?aeoaa?aeaeaiiyi e?aueo aeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee
oeeo iee, a oaeiae iiaeeeaino? ioe?iee eiino?oeoe?e iee ca cia/aiiyi
Crmax.
Ca ?acoeueoaoaie eaai?aoi?ieo oa i?iieneiaeo aei?iaoaaiue no?ee?noue iee
iiai? eiino?oeoe?? a ii??aiyii? c? noaiaea?oieie i?e a?ae??coaaii?
e?oaeeo caaioiaie i?aeaeueeanue a n?aaeiueiio a 1,5 ?ace, ca?eueoeeanue
e?euee?noue ia?aoi/ie a 4 – 5 ?ac?a, ciaioeeanue aenioa caaee?ie a
1,5…2,5 ?ace, ciaioeeanue oi?noe?noue iiaa?oi? oa cieceany ??aaiue
ooio ia 5 – 10dB a caeaaeiino? a?ae ?aaeei?a ??caiiy oa ?ici???a
caaioiaie.
A aeiaeaoeo i?eaaaeai? ?ic?aooiee, i?ia?aie ? iaoa??aee ?acoeueoao?a
i?iieneiaeo aei?iaoaaiue oa aeei?enoaiiy iee iiai? eiino?oeoe??.
Aeniiaee
?ic?iaeaiee iiaee iai?yiie a i?iaeooaaii? aeeneiaeo iee, yeee iieyaa? o
aeei?enoaii? e?eaie?i?eiiai i?io?eth no?oaeeiaeo eaiaaie oa
ia??aiii??iiai e?ieo coaoe?a.
?ic?iaeaia iioiaeeea oa ae??oaia o caaaeueiiio aeaeyae? caaea/a
i?io?ethaaiiy aeeneiaeo iee, o yeeo i?io?eue coaa iaiaaeaiee a?ae??ceaie
i?yieo oa aeoaaie e?e. ?icaeyioo? /anoeia? aeiaaeee i?io?ethaaiiy
aeeneiaeo iee c ??cieie i?io?eyie no?oaeeiaeo eaiaaie. Noai?ai?
aeai?eoie oa i?ia?aiia ?ic?aooie?a ia IAII e?eaie?i?eieo i?io?e?a
no?oaeeiaeo eaiaaie aeeneiaeo iee c ia??aiii??iei e?ieii coaoe?a.
Aecia/aii caeii ?ooo oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oaa i?e aeoe?oiaoe? no?oaeeiaeo
eaiaaie aeeneiaeo iee niiniaii iaeiaiiy i?io?eai e?oaa a oi?i? eiea
?aae?ona “(” i?io?ey no?oaeeiai? eaiaaee, iaiaaeaiiai a?ae??ceaie i?yieo
oa aeoaaie e?e, aeey aa?noao?a c *IE. Iieacaii, ui caeii cai?ioiuei –
iinooiaeueiiai ?ooo oe?ooaaeueiiai e?oaa i?e ia?iaoe? i?yiie?i?eii?
ae?eueieoe? i?io?eth coaa ia ? i?yiie?i?eiith caeaaei?noth.
?icaeioo? oai?aoe/i? iieiaeaiiy c aiae?co caaaioaaeaiiy ??caeueii?
/anoeie aeeneiaeo iee i?e a?ae??caii? i?ooe?a oa o?oa c o?aooaaiiyi
ci?iii? aaee/eie eooa eiioaeoo ieee ?c caaioiaeith oa ia??aiii??iino?
eooiaiai e?ieo, ye? aeeeeeathoue a?aeiia?aei? ci?ie iiaea/? ia coa oa
oiauei c??co.
?ic?iaeai? iaoiaeeea oa i?ia?aia ?ic?aooie?a ia IAII /enea iaeii/anii
i?aoethth/eo coaoe?a i?e a?ae??coaaii? e?oaeeo caaioiaie – i?ooe?a oa
o?oa. Iieacaii, ui a i?ioean? a?ae??coaaiiy iniaeeai ieeaie c
ia??aiii??iei e?ieii, /enei iaeii/anii i?aoethth/eo coaoe?a iiaea
eieeaaoenue a iaaeao ( 2…3 coaa. Ia ci?io /enea iaeii/anii
i?aoethth/eo coa?a i?e a?ae??coe? iaeiiai e oiai ae ?ici??o caaioiaee
ieeaie iino?eiiai ae?aiao?o aieeaa? iii?iaeueiee e?ie coaoe?a oa
i?eeiyoee caeii ?iciiae?eo e?ie?a coa?a a iaaeao a?oie
Ia iniia? ?icaeyaeo iiaeae? e?iaiaoe/iiai caoaeaeaiiy caeiieo eieeaaiue
ieee cai?iiiiiaaiee iiaee e?eoa??e ii??aiyeueii? ioe?iee aeeiai?/iiai
noaio ieee i?e a?ae??coaaii? caaioiaie.
Anoaiiaeai? caeiiii??iino? aieeao eiino?oeoeaieo ia?aiao??a aeeneiaeo
iee oa oiia a?ae??coaaiiy ia aeeiai?/iee noai ieee.
Ia iniia? oai?aoe/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue aeeiai?/iiai noaio ieee oa ?o
aenia?eiaioaeueii? ia?aa??ee ?ic?iaeaia iiaa eiino?oeoe?y ieee c
e?eaie?i?eiei i?io?eai no?oaeeiaeo eaiaaie oa ia??aiii??iei e?ieii
coaoe?a ? ci?iiith oiaueiith aeenea.
Iieacaii, ui aeei?enoaiiy aeeneiaeo iee iiai? eiino?oeoe?? aeicaiey? a
4-5 ?ac?a ca?eueoeoe ?ano?n ?o ?iaioe ca ?aooiie cia/iiai ca?eueoaiiy
ia?aoi/ie ii?yae c i?aeaeuaiiyi no?eeino? iee a 1,5 ?ace, ciaioaiiy ia
ii?yaeie oi?noeino? c??co oa ciaioaiiy ?ici??o caaee?ie, cieaeaiiy
a?a?aoe?e oa iie?ioaiiy oiia i?aoe? ca ?aooiie cieaeaiiy ??aiy ooio ia 5
– 10dB i?e a?ae??coaaii? oeeie ieeaie.
Ioae?eaoe?? ii oai? aeena?oaoe??
Ei?io ?. Aiaeec caa?ocee ?aaeouae /anoe o?ac i?e io?acea o?oa //
Aanoiee IOOO “EIE” Iaoeiino?iaiea” ? 32, E.:1997a. – n. 58-62.
Dipl. – Ing. Roland Loroch. Varioverzahnung – Hoehere Schuittleistung
und bessere Schuittgualittit bei HSS – Kreissaegen”// Der
Werkzcugschleifer Nr.11.// Offiziells Organ des Fachverbandes Deutscher
Praezisious – Werkzeugchleifer. 1998. – S.26-31.
?aaneay I.N., ?iaeei ?.I., Naiaiia A.A., Ei?io ?. Ii?aaeaeaiea /enea
iaeiia?aiaiii ?aaioathueo coaueaa i?e io?acea e?oaeuo caaioiaie. //
Aanoiee IOOO “EIE” Iaoeiino?iaiea” ? 32, E.:1997a. – N. 84-87.
?aaneay I.N., Ei?io ?. Caeii aeaeaeaiey oeeoiaaeueiiai e?oaa i?e
ia?aaioea coaueaa io?aciuo iee.// ?acaiea e eino?oiaio a oaoiieiae/aneeo
nenoaiao – Oa?ueeia: OAO 1997 – N. 199-205.
?aaneay I.N., Aaaaiei A.A., Ai?iiei I.A., Ei?io ?. Ii?aaeaeaiea
e?eoa?ey aeeiaie/aneiai ninoiyiey aeeneiaie ieeu. // Aanoiee IOOO “EIE”
Iaoeiino?iaiea” ? 33, E.:1998a. – N. 157-162.
?aaneay I.N., Ei?io ?. Iniaaiiinoe i?iaeoe?iaaiey e ecaioiaeaiey
aeeneiauo io?aciuo iee n ia?aaiiia?iui oaaii // I?ia?anneaia oaoi?ea ?
oaoiieia?y iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy, i?eeaaeiaoaeoaaiiy ? caa?thaaeueiiai
ae?iaieoeoaa. I?aoe? I?aeia?iaeii? iaoeiai – oaoi?/ii? eiioa?aioe??,
i?enay/aii? 100 ??//th iaoai?ei – iaoeiiaoae?aiiai ? 50 ??//th
caa?thaaeueiiai oaeoeueoao?a. O.1-IOOO “EIE” 1998 – N. 360 – 364.
Aiioaoe?y
Ei?io ?. I?aeaeuaiiy i?aoeacaeaoiino? aeeneiaeo iee i?e a?ae??coe?
e?oaeeo caaioiaie. – ?oeiien. Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai
nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 05.03.01. –
I?ioeane iaoai?/ii? ia?iaee, aa?noaoe oa ?ino?oiaioe. – Iaoe?iiaeueiee
oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao Oe?a?ie “Ee?anueeee iie?oaoi?/iee ?inoeooo”. Ee?a
1998?.
Aeena?oaoe?y i?enay/aia i?aeaeuaiith aoaeoeaiinoe a?ae??coaaiiy e?oaeeo
caaioiaie – i?ooe?a oa o?oa aeeneiaeie ieeaie. I?aeaeuaiiy
i?aoeacaeaoiino? aeeneiaeo iee aeinyaiooi ca ?aooiie ?ic?iaee oa
aeine?aeaeaiiy iiaeo eiino?oeoe?e iee c e?eaie?i?eiei i?io?eai
no?oaeeiaeo eaiaaie oa ia??aiii??iei e?ieii coa?a.
Ae??oaii? caaea/? i?io?ethaaiiy aeeneiaeo iee c e?eaie?i?eiei i?io?eai,
aeoe?oiaee nooaeeiaeo eaiaaie ia aa?noaoao c *IE; aea/aii aeeiai?/iee
noai ieee a i?ioean? a?ae??coaaiiy, ?ic?iaeai? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii aeai?o
eiino?oeoeaieo ia?aiao??a aeeneiaeo iee. I?eaaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe
i?aeoe/iiai aeei?enoaiiy ?ic?iaeaieo iee a i?iieneiaino?.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: aeeneia? ieee, e?ie coaoe?a, ia??aiii??iee e?ie coaoe?a,
i?io?eue no?oaeeiai? eaiaaee, aeeiai?/iee noai ieee, e?eoa??e
aeeiai?/iiai noaio ieee.
Aiioaoeey
Ei?io ?. Iiauoaiea ?aaioiniiniaiinoe aeeneiauo iee i?e io?acea e?oaeuo
caaioiaie. : – ?oeiienue. Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie
eaiaeeaeaoa oaoie/aneeo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 05.03.01. – I?ioeannu
iaoaie/aneie ia?aaioee, noaiee e eino?oiaiou. – Iaoeeiiaeueiue
oaoie/aneee oieaa?neoao Oe?aeiu “Eeaaneee iieeoaoie/aneee einoeooo”.
Eeaa – 1998.
Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia iiauoaieth yooaeoeaiinoe io?acee e?oaeuo
caaioiaie – o?oa e i?ooeia aeeneiauie ieeaie. Iiauoaiea
?aaioiniiniaiinoe aeeneiauo iee aeinoeaiooi ca n/ao ?ac?aaioee e
enneaaeiaaiey iiauo eiino?oeoeee iee n e?eaieeiaeiui i?ioeeai
no?oaea/iuo eaiaaie e ia?aaiiia?iui oaaii coaueaa. ?aoaiu caaea/e
i?ioeee?iaaiey aeeneiauo iee n e?eaieeiaeiui i?ioeeai coaueaa,
auoeeoiaee no?oaea/iuo eaiaaie ia noaieao n *IO, eco/aii aeeiaie/aneia
ninoiyiea ieeu a i?ioeanna io?acee, aeaiu ?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii auai?o
eiino?oeoeaiuo ia?aiao?ia iee. I?eaaaeaiu ?acoeueoaou i?aeoe/aneiai
eniieueciaaiey ?ac?aaioaiiuo iee a i?iiuoeaiiinoe.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: aeeneiaua ieeu, oaa coaueaa, ia?aaiiia?iue oaa coaueaa,
i?ioeeue no?oaea/iie eaiaaee, aeeiaie/aneia ninoiyiea ieeu, e?eoa?ee
aeeiaie/aneiai ninoiyiey ieeu.
Annotation
Loroch R. Increasing of working capacity of circular saws during cutting
off round billets: – Manuscript. A thesis for a candidate of engineering
science degree on a speciality 05.03.01. – Processes of technical
processing, machine tools and tools. – National Technical University of
Ukraine “Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”. Kyiv – 1998.
The Thesis is devoted to increase efficiency of cutting off round
billets – pipes and rods by circular saws. The increasing of working
capacity of circular saws has been reached by developing and researching
of new constructions of saws with curvilinear profile of chip grooves
and uneven tooth pitch. Tasks of profiling of circular saws with
curvilinear tooth profile, grinding out of chip grooves by numerically
controlled machine tools havebeen solved; the dynamic condition of a saw
during cutting off process has been studied; the recommendations to
choose saw profile characteristics have been given. Results of practical
using of developed saws in industry have been shown.
Key words: circular saws, tooth pitch, uneven tooth pitch, chip groove
profile, dynamic condition of a saw, criterion of dynamic condition of a
saw.
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