IAOeIIIAEUeIA TH?EAeE*IA AEAAeAIIss OE?A?IE
IIAII ss?INEAAA IOAe?IAI
Eo?eei Ieeiea Iao?iae/
OAeE 347.963
I?IEO?I?NUeEEE IAAEssAe CA AeIAeA?AEAIIssI I?AA OA CAEIIIEO IIOA?AN?A
CANOAeAEAIEO AeI IICAAAEAIIss AIEI
Niaoe?aeuei?noue: 12.00.10 – noaeiono?ie; i?ieo?aoo?a oa aaeaieaoo?a
AAOI?AOA?AO
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy
iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa th?eaee/ieo
iaoe
Oa?e?a 1998
Caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe
Aeooaeueiinoue oaie aeena?oaoeieiiai aeineiaeaeaiiy. No/ania
Oe?a?ia ciaoiaeeoueny ia oeyoo aei noai?aiiy iacaeaaeii?
i?aaiai? aea?aeaae, yea iiaeiia noaoe iino?oiaioii
caaacia/aiiy i?aa i naiaiae ethaeeie, aa?aioii ?aaeueiiai
caoenoo ?? caeiiieo iioa?ania. Naia ethaeeia, ?? aeeooy oa
caei?ia’y, /anoue i aiaeiinoue, iaaeioi?eaiinoue oa aaciaea ?
iaeaeuith nioeiaeueiith oeiiiinoth a Oe?a?ii (no. C Eiinoeoooei?).
I?iaaaeaiiy noaeiai-i?aaiai? ?aoi?ie, iioaa?aoeiy aei ii?i
iiaeia?iaeiiai i?aaa iio?aao? i?eaaaeaiiy iaoeiiiaeueiiai
caeiiiaeaanoaa o aiaeiiaiaeiinoue c iiaeia?iaeieie noaiaea?oaie a
aaeoci i?aa ethaeeie, aaeineiiaeaiiy aeith/eo oa noai?aiiy iiaeo
i?ioeaaeo? caoenoo i?aa i naiaiae a?iiaaeyi, a oiio /enei oeo,
yei ia?aaoaathoue o iinoeyo iicaaaeaiiy aiei.
C?inoaiiy cei/eiiinoi a Oe?a?ii i?ecaaei aei oiai, ui
ii?iaiyii c 1990 ?ieii /enei caa?aooiaaieo i canoaeaeaieo
caieueoeeiny iaeaea oaeai/i, a eieueeinoue onoaiia aeeiiaiiy
iiea?aiue oa neiae/eo icieyoi?ia caeeoeeany iaeaea oaeith ae.
Iiiaae anoaiiaeaii naiioa?ii ii?ie oo?eio?oueny aieueoa 30,1
oen. inia, i ca?ac iaia? aiaeiiaiaeieo iaoa?iaeueieo
iiaeeeainoae aeey iieiioaiiy ?oiueiai noaiiaeua. Iaeiei ic
caniaia caaacia/aiiy i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo
aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei ? i?ieo?i?nueeee iaaeyae ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi
caeiiia i?e aeeiiaiii noaeiaeo ?ioaiue o e?eiiiaeueieo ni?aaao,
a oaeiae i?e canoinoaaiii iioeo caoiaeia i?eioniaiai
oa?aeoa?o, iia’ycaieo c iaiaaeaiiyi iniaenoi? naiaiaee
a?iiaaeyi (no. 121 i.4 Eiinoeoooei? Oe?a?ie).
?aoi?ioaaiiy i?ieo?aoo?e, yea ca?ac aiaeaoaa?oueny,
iiaeiia ia?aoai?eoe ?? a i?aai, caeaoiee caaacia/eoe aenieee
?iaaiue caoenoo eiinoeoooeieieo i?aa i naiaiae a?iiaaeyi, o oiio
/enei e oeo, yei aiaeaoaathoue iiea?aiiy a iinoeyo iicaaaeaiiy
aiei. O ca’yceo c oeei c?inoa? aeooaeueiinoue aeineiaeaeaiiy
oai?aoe/ieo oa i?aeoe/ieo i?iaeai i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo,
iia’ycaieo c ?ic?iaeith iaaieo i?aaiaeo iaoaiiciia
caaacia/aiiy i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei
iicaaaeaiiy aiei.
Iioa?an aei aeaii? i?iaeaie iia’yco?oueny oaeiae c
iiaeaioiaeith aei i?eeiyooy iiaiai Caeiio Oe?a?ie “I?i
i?ieo?aoo?o”, E?eiiiaeueii-i?ioeanoaeueiiai oa E?eiiiaeueii-
aeeiiaa/iai eiaeaenia Oe?a?ie, a yeeo aoaeooue aiaeia?aaeaii i
eiie?aoeciaaii aiaeiiaiaeii iieiaeaiiy Eiinoeoooei? Oe?a?ie oa
ii?ie iiaeia?iaeiiai i?aaa.
Nooiiiue aeineiaeaeaiiy oaie aeena?oaoei?. I?iaeaie
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi caeiiia a onoaiiaao
aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue, o oiio /enei i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania
canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei, aeineiaeaeoaaeenue o ?iaioao:
A.I.Aaneiaa, I.I.A?eyeiia, A.I.A?iaiia, A.I.Aeaceiai?,
I.I.Aeaiueoeia, O.I.Aeia?iaieuenueei?, A.E.Cai?aoey, I.I.Eieina,
A.A.Eiyc?aa, A.O.Ieoaeeiaa, A.N.Iieoeiia, Ae.I.Ieoiueiaa,
TH.I.?aaiinueeiai, A.E.?aiainiia, A.E.?iaeiia, A.I.Naaeoeueeiai,
A.C. Nainiiiaa, A.I. Naoiiiaa, A.I. Naeiaa?noiaa,
A.I.Nie?eaeiiiaa, A.N.Oaaeaainyia, O.A.Oiianaae/a, A.I.O?oaie
eiaa, A.Ae.Oiiueea, I.O.Oaiiaeoeeiia, TH.E.sseeiiae/a oa aeayeeo
3mxhu o/aieo.
Iiceoeaii ioeiithth/e i?aoei oeeo o/aieo, yei aianee cia/iee
aianie o ?ic?iaeo oai?i? i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo, neiae
aiaecia/eoe, ui, ii-ia?oa, iaoeiai i?aoei aeacaieo aaoi?ia
aoee iioaeieiaaii aei i?eeiyooy Eiinoeoooei? Oe?a?ie 1996
?ieo, oiio aaaaoi oai?aoe/ieo iieiaeaiue aeineiaeaeoaaii?
aeiyeueiinoi i?ieo?aoo?e iio?aaothoue ia?ainieneaiiy; ii-ae?oaa,
i?iaeaie i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa
caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei ia
io?eiaee iaeaaeiiai oai?aoe/iiai ii?aoethaaiiy: iaia?
iiiia?aoi/ieo ?iaio, i?enay/aieo oeei i?iaeaiai
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo; ii-o?ao?, i?iaaaeaiiy ?aoi?ie
e?eiiiaeueii-aeeiiaa/iai caeiiiaeaanoaa, ni?yiiaaii? ia
nioeiaeueio ia?ai?i?ioaoeith aeeiiaiiy e?eiiiaeueieo iiea?aiue c
o?aooaaiiyi iiaeia?iaeii-i?aaiaeo aeoia c i?aa ethaeeie,
i?eioeeiia caeiiiinoi, aoiaiicio, aeaiie?aoecio,
ni?aaaaeeeainoi, aeeoa?aioeiaoei? e iiaeeaiaeoaeicaoei? aeoiaiiai
aieeao ia canoaeaeaieo iio?aao? aaeineiiaeaiiy aeith/eo oa
noai?aiiy iiaeo iaoaiiciia caoenoo i?aa inia, iicaaaeaieo
aiei, iiaeaeuaiiy caeiiiaeaa/eo aa?aioie ?o aeiaea?aeaiiy; ii-
/aoaa?oa, aaaeeeaa i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ia? ?ic?iaea iaoiaeeee
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi caeiiia a onoaiiaao
aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue, a oaeiae aecia/aiiy oeyoia iioeiicaoei?
aeiyeueiinoi i?ieo?i?ia o cacia/aiie noa?i.
Aecia/aii ianoaaeie iaoiiaeee aeai? oaie aeena?oaoeieiiai
aeineiaeaeaiiy oa naiae/aoue i?i eiai aeooaeueiinoue.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie. Aeena?oaoeiy
aeeiiaia ia eaoaae?i i?aaiicaoei? noaeiaeo oa i?aaiioi?iiieo
i?aaiia Iaoeiiiaeueii? th?eaee/ii? aeaaeaii? Oe?a?ie iiaii
ss?ineaaa Ioae?iai caiaeii c eiiieaeniith oeieueiaith i?ia?aiith:
“I?iaeaie oaeineiiaeaiiy i?aaiicaoei? i aeiyeueiinoi noaeo i
i?aaiioi?iiieo i?aaiia a oiiaao oi?ioaaiiy nioeiaeueii?
i?aaiai? aea?aeaae” (iiia? aea?aeaaii? ?a?no?aoei?
0186.0.099031).
Ia’?eo oa i?aaeiao aeineiaeaeaiiy. Ia’?eo aeena?oaoeieiiai
aeineiaeaeaiiy noaiiaeyoue ii?ie /eiiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa Oe?a?ie o
aaeoci i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi caeiiia a onoaiiaao aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue, a oaeiae
i?ieo?i?nueea i?aeoeea i i?aaiaa aeieo?eia.
I?aaeiaoii iaoeiai? ?iaioe ? i?aaiai i i?aaiicaoeieii
aniaeoe caeieniaiiy i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi
i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei.
Iaoiaeieiai/iith iniiaith aeineiaeaeaiiy ? iieiaeaiiy
aeiaeaeoeei-iaoa?iaeinoe/iiai iaoiaeo iiciaiiy nioeiaeueieo yaeu
oa eiai eiie?aoecaoeiy – nenoaiii-no?oeoo?iee iiaeoiae.
Canoiniaoaaeeny oaeiae iaoiaee: noaoenoe/iee, ii?iaiyeueii-
i?aaiaee. eiai/iee, eiie?aoieo nioeiieiai/ieo aeineiaeaeaiue,
noaiaea?oeciaaiiai iioa?a’th oa iioi no/anii iaoiaee iaoeiaiai
iiciaiiy.
Iioi?iaoeieia aaca aeineiaeaeaiiy aeeth/a? ii?ie Eiinoeoooei?
Oe?a?ie, e?eiiiaeueiiai, e?eiiiaeueii-i?ioeanoaeueiiai oa
e?eiiiaeueii-aeeiiaa/iai caeiiiaeaanoaa, Caeiio Oe?a?ie “I?i
i?ieo?aoo?o” oa iioeo caeiiia Oe?a?ie i e?a?i NIAe,
iiaeia?iaeii-i?aaiaeo aeieoiaioia o aaeoci i?aa ethaeeie,
ii?iaoeaieo aeoia, yei ?aaoeththoue i?aaiaa noaiiaeua
canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei, iinoaiiae Ieaioio Aa?oiaiiai
Noaeo Oe?a?ie, iaeace Aaia?aeueiiai i?ieo?i?a Oe?a?ie oa
iiiino?a aioo?ioiio ni?aa Oe?a?ie, a oaeiae i?aoei aio/eciyieo
i ca?oaiaeieo aaoi?ia o aaeoci e?eiiiaeueiiai i?ioeano,
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo, oai?i? aea?aeaae i i?aaa, oeeaieueiiai
i?aaa oa iioeo iaoe.
O aeena?oaoei? aeei?enoaii aiii?e/iee iaoa?iae, cia?aiee
aaoi?ii oeyoii aea/aiiy oa ocaaaeueiaiiy i?aeoeee
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi e?eiiiaeueii-
aeeiiaa/iai caeiiiaeaanoaa Aaia?aeueii? i?ieo?aoo?e Oe?a?ie, a
oaeiae a onoaiiaao aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue Oa?eianueei?, Noinueei?,
Ei?iaia?aaenueei?, *a?eanueei?, Aieeinueei? iaeanoae ca inoaiii
5 ?ieia. O oiaei aeineiaeaeaiiy i?iaieaoiaaii 125 i?ieo?i?ia c
iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi caeiiia i?e aeeiiaiii noaeiaeo ?ioaiue
o e?eiiiaeueieo ni?aaao oa iiiaae 1000 canoaeaeaieo aei
iicaaaeaiiy aiei.
Aaoi? aeei?enoaa oaeiae aeaniee aeinaiae ?iaioe i?ieo?i?ii
aieueoa 20 ?ieia.
Iaoa i caaaeaiiy aeineiaeaeaiiy. Iniiaiith iaoith ?iaioe ?
eiiieaenia anaai/ia aeineiaeaeaiiy oai?aoe/ieo oa i?aeoe/ieo
i?iaeai, iia’ycaieo c caaacia/aiiyi aeiaea?aeaiiy i?aa oa
caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei caniaaie
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo; iiiaeaiiy ciinoo i?aaiaiai noaoono
oeeo inia; noai?aiiy iaiaoiaeiiai aei?aiai iaoaiicio ?aaeicaoei?
?o i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania c o?aooaaiiyi iiaeia?iaeii-
i?aaiaeo aeieoiaioia i?i i?aaa ethaeeie, aeinyaiaiue iaoee
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo, e?eiiiaeueiiai i?ioeano oa aei?aaii-
o?oaeiaiai i?aaa.
Aiaeiiaiaeii aei oei?? iaoe iaiaoiaeii aoei ae?ioeoe oaei
caaaeaiiy:
– aecia/eoe ia’?eo oa i?aaeiao i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei
iicaaaeaiiy aiei;
– c’ynoaaoe nooiinoue i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei
iicaaaeaiiy aiei, eiai caaaeaiiy oa iinoea o caaaeueiie nenoaii
aa?aioiaaiinoi i?aa inia, iicaaaeaieo aiei;
– ?ic?iaeoe aeiaeaoeiao nenoaio iiaiiaaaeaiue i?ieo?i?a,
ni?yiiaaieo ia ciioeiaiiy aa?aioie aeiaea?aeaiiy i?aa oa
caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei, iaaii
iaoaiicie ?aaeicaoei? oeeo iiaiiaaaeaiue;
– aeineiaeeoe iniaeeainoi i?aaiaiai noaiiaeua inia,
iicaaaeaieo aiei, iaaeieiee a eiai i?aaiaiio ?aaoethaaiii c
o?aooaaiiyi iieiaeaiue iiai? Eiinoeoooei? Oe?a?ie oa iiaeia?iaeii-
i?aaiaeo aeieoiaioia o aaeoci i?aa ethaeeie;
– c’ynoaaoe oaiaeaioei? oa caeiiiii?iinoi ?icaeoeo
i?ieo?i?nueei? i?aeoeee c iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa
caeiiieo iioa?ania inia, iicaaaeaieo aiei, i ia oeie iniiai
?ic?iaeoe iaoiaeeeo i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi
caeiiia a onoaiiaao aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue;
– noai?eoe oai?aoe/ii iniiae oaeineiiaeaiiy
caeiiiaeaanoaa a /anoeii i?aaiai? ?aaeaiaioaoei?
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo
iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei.
Aeacaii iaoa oa caaaeaiiy iaoiiaeththoueny iio?aaaie
i?ieo?i?nueei? i?aeoeee, no/aniei noaiii oai?i?
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo oa ?iaiai ?ic?iaeaiinoi i?iaeai
iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo
aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoaoia aecia/a?oueny oei,
ui aia?oa caeieniaii eiiieaenia iiiia?aoi/ia aeineiaeaeaiiy
i?iaeai i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa
caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei, yei
?icaeyiooi iiae eooii ci?o i?eioeeiiai iiaeo iieiaeaiue
Eiinoeoooei? Oe?a?ie, iiaeia?iaeii-i?aaiaeo aeieoiaioia o aaeoci
i?aa ethaeeie a naioei ?aoi?ie e?eiiiaeueii-aeeiiaa/iai
caeiiiaeaanoaa a Oe?a?ii.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia aecia/a?oueny oaeiae oeie eiie?aoieie
?acoeueoaoaie, yei aoee iaea?aeaii a i?ioeani i?iaaaeaiiy
aeineiaeaeaiiy i ciaeoee aiaeia?aaeaiiy a iniiaieo iieiaeaiiyo, ui
aeiinyoueny ia caoeno:
– eiie?aoecothoueny ia’?eo, i?aaeiao i caaaeaiiy
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo
iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei;
– aeineiaeaeo?oueny nenoaia iiaiiaaaeaiue, yei caaacia/othoue
aeiaea?aeaiiy i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania inia, iicaaaeaieo
aiei, i?iiiiothoueny iaaii iaoaiicie iiaeaeuaiiy aei?ainoi
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo;
– aeiaiaeeoueny aeioeieueiinoue cae?iieaiiy o iiaiio Caeiii
Oe?a?ie “I?i i?ieo?aoo?o” iaia’yceo i?ieo?i?a c iaaeyaeo ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi caeiiia i?e aeeiiaiii noaeiaeo ?ioaiue o
e?eiiiaeueieo ni?aaao (aeaei – aaeocaaiai i?ieo?i?a) aiineoe
iiaeaiiy aeuanoiyuiio i?ieo?i?o a ca’yceo c iacaeiiiei oa
iaiaa?oioiaaiei noaeiaei ?ioaiiyi;
– aia?oa i?iiiio?oueny caeiiiaeaa/i iaaeaoe i?ieo?i?o c
iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi caeiiia i?e aeeiiaiii noaeiaeo ?ioaiue
o e?eiiiaeueieo ni?aaao i?aai aaciina?aaeiuei caa?oaoeny c
i?ioanoii aei noaeo o aeiaaeeao aeyaeaiiy iacaeiiiiai oa
iaiaa?oioiaaiiai i?ecia/aiiy canoaeaeaiiio aeaeo aei?aaii-
o?oaeiai? eieiii? (ia iiaenoaai aea/aiiy iniaiai? ni?aae
canoaeaeaiiai);
– noaooy 411 EIE Oe?a?ie anoaiiaeth?, ui ieoaiiy,
ca’ycaii c aeeiiaiiyi ae?ieo, ae?ioothoueny o noaeiaiio
caniaeaiii c o/anoth i?ieo?i?a. ?acii c oei iayaea a noaeiaa
caniaeaiiy inoaiiueiai ia coieiy? ?icaeyaeo noaeii iaaieo ieoaiue
oa eeiiioaiue (no. no. 4111, 414 EIE). Iaa?oioiao?oueny
iaiaoiaeiinoue anoaiiaeaiiy o iiaiio EIE Oe?a?ie iaia’yceiai?
o/anoi i?ieo?i?a o noaeiaiio ?icaeyaei ieoaiue, iia’ycaieo c
aeeiiaiiyi ae?ieo (no. no. 407-411 EIE Oe?a?ie);
– ?iaeoueny aeniiaie i?i aeioeieueiinoue iaaeaiiy i?ieo?i?o
i?aaa ia aianaiiy eanaoeieiiai iiaeaiiy ia noaeiai ?ioaiiy o
aeiaaeeao, eiee i?ecia/aii canoaeaeaiiio ii?a oa oiiae
aiaeaoaaiiy iiea?aiiy ciiiththoueny ia aieueo noai?i ( no. no.
407-410 EIE; no. no. 45 /.5; 461; 462 EE Oe?a?ie);
– aeneiaeth?oueny i?iiiceoeiy i?i cae?iieaiiy o no. 110
AOE Oe?a?ie: 1) iaia’yceo aaeiiiino?aoei? onoaiia aeeiiaiiy
iiea?aiue o anio aeiaaeeao ?icaeyaeaoe eeiiioaiiy i?i
i?aaenoaaeaiiy canoaeaeaiiai aei oiiaii-aeino?ieiaiai caieueiaiiy
aai caiiio iaaiaeaooi? /anoeie iiea?aiiy aieueo i’yeei
i?ioyaii iaeiiai iinyoey iiney aiaeaoooy anoaiiaeaii? caeiiii
/anoeie no?ieo iiea?aiiy, a o ?aci aiaeiiae a iaaeaiii oaeiai
i?aaa – iioeaoaaoe oea ?ioaiiy oa iciaeiiethaaoe c iei
canoaeaeaiiai; 2) iaia’yceo iiaiaeaeaiiy ?ioaiue eiiinie onoaiia
c oiiaii-aeino?ieiaiai caieueiaiiy c i?ieo?i?ii;
– o iiaee EAE Oe?a?ie i?iiiio?oueny aaanoe ii?io
ianooiiiai ciinoo: “Ia?aaaaeaiiy canoaeaeaieo aei IEO, a
eieiiiyo iniaeeaiai ?aaeeio c IEO – a iaeeii/ii eaia?e, a a
oth?iao – ia noai?ee ?aaeei, iiaa?iaiiy ci cae/aeieo aeeeeo
i?eiiuaiue aei IEO o AOE iniaeeaiai ?aaeeio iiaeiii
caeienithaaoeny ca iiaiaeaeaiiyi ci niinoa?aaeiith eiiini?th – c
naieoei? i?ieo?i?a c iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi caeiiia i?e
aeeiiaiii noaeiaeo ?ioaiue o e?eiiiaeueieo ni?aaao”;
– aecia/a?oueny ciino i?aaiaiai noaiiaeua canoaeaeaieo aei
iicaaaeaiiy aiei oa aeineiaeaeothoueny neeaaeiai aeaiaioe, yei
oa?aeoa?ecothoue eiai nooiinoue: noa’?eoeaii i?aaa canoaeaeaieo,
?o caeiiii iioa?ane oa iaia’ycee oeeo inia;
– c iaoith iiaeaeueoiai aaeineiiaeaiiy i?aaiaiai noaiiaeua
canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei oa ciioeiaiiy i?aaiaeo
aa?aioie aeiaea?aeaiiy ?o i?aa i?iiiio?oueny: o iiaiio EAE
Oe?a?ie /ioei aecia/eoe i?aaa, caeiiii iioa?ane oa iaia’ycee
aeacaieo inia, o oiio /enei aia?oa cae?iieoe ?o i?aai ia
iniaenoo aaciaeo, ia ui?i/io aiaeionoeo, ia naiaiaeo
naioiaeyaeo oa ai?iniiaiaeaiiy, ia aeinooi aei iioi?iaoei? oa
aiaeico?oueny niaoeeoiea i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi
oeeo i?aa; iaaiaeeoueny eeaneoieaoeiy aeenoeeieiia?ieo noyaiaiue
canoaeaeaieo ia iiaenoaai iciaee ?o i?aaiaiai noaiiaeua oa
iaa?oioiao?oueny iaiaoiaeiinoue cae?iieaiiy o caeiii ia?aeieo
i?aaiii?ooaiue, ca yei ia?aaeaa/a?oueny aeenoeeieiia?ia
aiaeiiaiaeaeueiinoue canoaeaeaieo, a oaeiae aeaee aeenoeeieiia?ieo
noyaiaiue ca aiaeiiaiaeii i?aaiii?ooaiiy; oi?ioeth?oueny caaaeaiiy
iia?aoeaii-?icooeiai? aeiyeueiinoi a onoaiiaao aeeiiaiiy
iiea?aiue; aeneiaeththoueny aeiaeaoeiai a?aoiaioe uiaei ia?aaoaeiae
aeiyeueiinoi niinoa?aaeieo eiiinie, cie?aia, oeyoii
ci?i?iooaaiiy ?oiuei? aeiyeueiinoi ia caoeno i?aa oa caeiiieo
iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei; ?ic?iaeaia nenoaia
ciiie oiia o?eiaiiy canoaeaeaieo a iaaeao iaeii?? onoaiiae
aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiiy, oi?ioeththoueny iioi i?iiiceoei?,
ni?yiiaaii ia i?eaaaeaiiy /eiiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa oa aiaeii/eo
ii?iaoeaieo aeoia o aiaeiiaiaeiinoue aei Eiinoeoooei? Oe?a?ie oa
iiaeia?iaeii-i?aaiaeo aeoia o aaeoci i?aa ethaeeie;
– iaa?oioiao?oueny aeioeieueiinoue aeeeth/aiiy c iiaiai
E?eiiiaeueii-aeeiiaa/iai eiaeaeno Oe?a?ie ii?i, yei
ia?aaeaa/athoue iiaiaeaeaiiy aiaeii/eo ii?iaoeaieo aeoia IAN
Oe?a?ie c Aaia?aeueiith i?ieo?aoo?ith Oe?a?ie a aaeoci
aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue, cie?aia, c iaoith caieueiaiiy i?ieo?aoo?e
aiae iai?eoaiaiieo ?e ooieoeie;
– ?ic?iaeaii iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaii iaoiaee/ii
?aeiiaiaeaoei? uiaei caeieniaiiy i?ieo?i?nueeeo ia?aai?ie
aeiaea?aeaiiy caeiiia a onoaiiaao aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue;
– c iaoith oaeineiiaeaiiy nenoaie noaoenoe/ii? caioiinoi
Aaia?aeueii? i?ieo?aoo?e Oe?a?ie i?iiiio?oueny aeiiiaieoe
?icaeie 5 oi?ie ?”II”, a oaeiae oi?io “I” iaaieie iieacieeaie,
yei oa?aeoa?ecothoue aoaeoeaiinoue i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei
iicaaaeaiiy aiei.
Oai?aoe/ia oa i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoaoia
aeaiiai oai?aoe/iiai aeineiaeaeaiiy iieyaa? a oiio, ui
noi?ioeueiaaii i?iiiceoei? uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy caeiiiaeaanoaa,
iaoiaeeea i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo iiaeooue aooe a?aoiaaii ye o
i?ioeani iioi/ii? ii?iioai?/inoi, oae i i?e ?ic?iaoei iiaiai
Caeiio Oe?a?ie “I?i i?ieo?aoo?o”, E?eiiiaeueii-aeeiiaa/iai oa
E?eiiiaeueii-i?ioeanoaeueiiai eiaeaenia Oe?a?ie, iaeacia
Aaia?aeueiiai i?ieo?i?a Oe?a?ie, a oaeiae o i?aeoe/iie
aeiyeueiinoi i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?e.
Aeniiaee oa i?iiiceoei? aaoi?a iathoue iaaia cia/aiiy aeey
?icaeoeo oai?i? oa i?aeoeee i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo,
ni?yiiaaii ia iiaeeaeaiiy i?aaiaiai caaacia/aiiy ?aaeicaoei?
i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei i
iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoaii a o/aiaiio i?ioeani th?eaee/ieo aocia
oa oaeoeueoaoia, a oaeiae o nenoaii iiaeaeuaiiy eaaeioieaoei?
i?ieo?i?ia.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Aeena?oaoeiy ? naiinoieii
caaa?oaiith iaoeiaith ?iaioith. ?acii c oei o oiaei aeineiaeaeaiiy
aeei?enoiaoaaeeny aeayei iieiaeaiiy, yei aoee iaea?aeaii o
niiaaaoi?noai, ui noinothoueny eeoa caaaeueii? oa?aeoa?enoeee
i?aaiaeo caniaia i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo, aea iniiaii
?acoeueoaoe, yei oa?aeoa?ecothoue iaoeiao iiaecio, iia’ycaii c
?ic?iaeith iaaieo iaoaiiciia iiaeaeuaiiy aei?ainoi
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo
iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei, io?eiaii ia aaci
iniaenoeo aeineiaeaeaiue, e?eoe/iiai inieneaiiy aeena?oaioii
aeecueei noa i’yoaeanyoe iaoeiaeo i?aoeue oa ii?iaoeaieo aeaea?ae,
c o?aooaaiiyi aeinaiaeo ?iaioe aeena?oaioa i?ieo?i?ii oa iathoue
iaoeiaa i i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy.
Ai?iaaoeiy ?acoeueoaoia aeena?oaoei?. Iiaenoiee aeena?oaoeieiiai
aeineiaeaeaiiy iaaiai?thaaeeny ia niaoeiaeueiiio caniaeaiii eaoaae?e
i?aaiicaoei? noaeiaeo oa i?aaiioi?iiieo i?aaiia Iaoeiiiaeueii?
th?eaee/ii? aeaaeaii? Oe?a?ie iiaii ss?ineaaa Ioae?iai. Iniiaii
iieiaeaiiy i aeniiaee ?iaioe aoee aeeeaaeaii ia iaoeiai-
i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioeiyo oa naiiia?ao, na?aae yeeo:
“Aaeineiiaeaiiy aeiyeueiinoi i?ieo?aoo?e ia canaaeao
aeaiie?aoe/ieo i?eioeeiia i?aaa” (Iiaeia?iaeiee naiiia? o Ee?ai,
1996 ?.), “I?aaiicaoeiy i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi
e?eiiiaeueii-aeeiiaa/iai caeiiiaeaanoaa” (Ee?a, Aaia?aeueia
i?ieo?aoo?a Oe?a?ie,1996 ?.), Naiiia? Iiiinoa?noaa thnoeoei?
Oe?a?ie c ieoaiue Iiieaiaioaoei? ?a?iiaenueei? Eiiaaioei? i?i
caiiaiaaiiy eaooaaiiyi /e iaethaenueeiio aai oaeiio, ui
i?eieaeo? aiaeiinoue iiaiaeaeaiith /e iiea?aiith (Ee?a, 1997 ?.),
“I?iaeaie i?aaiicaoei? iiaeo?eiaiiy aea?aeaaiiai iaaeioaa/aiiy o
naioei aeiia Eiinoeoooei? Oe?a?ie” (Ee?a, 1998).
Iaa/aeueiee iiniaiee “I?ieo?i?nueeee iaaeyae ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi
caeiiia a onoaiiaao aeey iiia?aaeiueiai oa’yciaiiy” aiaeiiaiaeii
aei ?icii?yaeaeaiiy canooiieea Aaia?aeueiiai i?ieo?i?a Oe?a?ie
iaaeineaii i?ieo?i?ai Aaoiiiiii? ?anioaeiee E?ei, iaeanoae,
iino Ee?aa i Naaanoiiiey oa i?e?iaiyiei aei ieo i?ieo?i?ai
aeey iciaeiieaiiy i aeei?enoaiiy o i?aeoe/iie ?iaioi.
Ii/eiath/e c 1993 ?ieo, aaoi? aeei?enoiao? iaoa?iaee
i?iaaaeaiiai aeineiaeaeaiiy a iaa/aeueiiio i?ioeani Iinoeoooo
iiaeaeuaiiy eaaeioieaoei? Aaia?aeueii? i?ieo?aoo?e Oe?a?ie.
Ioaeieaoei?. Iniiaii oai?aoe/ii iieiaeaiiy i aeniiaee
aeena?oaoei? ciaeoee aiaeia?aaeaiiy o /ioe?ueio iaoeiaeo i?aoeyo
(aeaio iaa/aeueieo iiniaieeao oa aeaio noaooyo).
No?oeoo?a aeena?oaoei? aecia/aia iaoith oa caaaeaiiyie
aeineiaeaeaiiy. Aeena?oaoeiy aeeeaaeaia ia 173 noi?iieao
iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, neeaaea?oueny ic anooio, o?ueio ?icaeieia,
ui aeeth/athoue oinoue iiae?icaeieia, aeniiaeo oa nieneo
aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae (135 iaeiaioaaiue).
Iniiaiee ciino ?iaioe
O anooii iaa?oioiao?oueny aeooaeueiinoue ia?aii? oaie,
aecia/athoueny oeiei oa caaaeaiiy ?iaioe, ?ice?eaathoueny a
ocaaaeueiaiiio aeaeyaei iniiaii ?acoeueoaoe, ui io?eiaii
aianeiaeie i?iaaaeaiiai aeineiaeaeaiiy i aeiinyoueny ia caoeno,
aeeeaaea?oueny iaoeiaa oa i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy aeena?oaoei?.
O ia?oiio ?icaeiei “Nooiinoue i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei
iicaaaeaiiy aiei” aeineiaeaeothoueny ieoaiiy nioeiaeueiiai
i?ecia/aiiy oa ooieoeie i?ieo?aoo?e ia no/aniiio aoaii
iiaoaeiae i?aaiaeo canaae i?aaiai? aea?aeaae, aecia/a?oueny
ia’?eo oa i?aaeiao i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo, c’yniao?oueny ?o
niiaaiaeiioaiiy, ?ice?eaa?oueny nooiinoue iaaeyaeo ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei
iicaaaeaiiy aiei, eiai caaaeaiiy oa iinoea o caaaeueiie nenoaii
aa?aioiaaiinoi i?aa inia, iicaaaeaieo aiei.
Aaoi? iiaeiey? iiceoeith a/aieo, yei aaaaeathoue, ui
i?ieo?aoo?a caeienith? naiinoieiee aeae aea?aeaaii? aeiyeueiinoi i
? aeaiaioii caaaeueiiaea?aeaaii? nenoaie i?aaiioi?iie
(A.A.Aeaen?a, Ae.I.Aaea?a, TH.I.A?ioaaie, A.A.Aeieaaeai,
A.A.E?eaiaie, I.I.Ia?ooiia, A.ss.Oaoeie oa iioi). Iiaia
?aaeicaoeiy i?eioeeiia i?aaiai? aea?aeaae a iiaeaeueoiio iioyaia
ca niaith ciiie ooieoeiiiaeueiiai i?ecia/aiiy aieueoinoi
aea?aeaaii-i?aaiaeo iinoeoooia, ui aeithoue ieii a Oe?a?ii, a
oiio /enei i i?ieo?aoo?e. Iaeiae ia no/aniiio aoaii, yeee
iia’ycaiee c oi?ioaaiiyi i?aaiaeo canaae i?aaiai? aea?aeaae,
aiaenooii aoaeue-yei nioeiaeueii i?e/eie, uia aei?aaaeiaoaaee
caoaeaiiy ooieoeie i?ieo?aoo?e. O i?ioeani i?iaaaeaiiy i?aaiai?
?aoi?ie a Oe?a?ii i?ieo?aoo?a iieeeeaia aeanoeaeie ?e
caniaaie caaacia/eoe aa?oiaainoai caeiio a onio aaeocyo
i?aaicanoinia/i? aeiyeueiinoi, caoeno eiinoeoooeieieo i?aa i
naiaiae ethaeeie i a?iiaaeyieia.
Aiaeic aeneiaeaieo o eioa?aoo?i oi/ie ci?o c ieoaiue
ciinoo ia’?eoa oa i?aaeiaoa i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo i?eaia
aeena?oaioa aei aeniiaeo, ui iiae ia’?eoii i?ieo?i?nueeiai
iaaeyaeo neiae ?icoiioe caaacia/aiiy caniaaie i?ieo?i?nueeiai
iaaeyaeo aa?oiaainoaa caeiio a i?aaicanoinia/ie aeiyeueiinoi c
oei, uia oni i?aaiaiaeiineie, yei aeieeathoue o aeiyeueiinoi
iiaeiaaeyaeiaeo i?aaiia, i?aaiicaoeie, inia, neeaaeaeeny ia
iiaenoaai caeiio. Iiiyooy i?aaeiaoa aeecueea ca nai?i
i?ecia/aiiyi aei iiiyooy ia’?eoa. Oea iiiyooy aeioeieueii
aeei?enoiaoaaoe ye eiie?aoecoth/a ia’?eo iaaeyaeo noiniaii aei
aaeocae iaaeyaeo, cae?iieaieo o Caeiii Oe?a?ie “I?i
i?ieo?aoo?o”. I?aaeiao aeanoeaee ia eeoa aaeocyi iaaeyaeo, aea
e aoaeue-yeiio iai?yieo i?ieo?i?nueei? aeiyeueiinoi (iiae – /e
aioo?ioiueiaaeocaai?). Noiniaii aei oaie aeena?oaoeieiiai
aeineiaeaeaiiy i?aaeiaoii i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi
caeiiia i?e aeeiiaiii e?eiiiaeueieo iiea?aiue, iia’ycaieo c
iicaaaeaiiyi aiei ?: 1) aeiaea?aeaiiy caeiiiinoi iiae /an
ia?aaoaaiiy canoaeaeaieo o iinoeyo iicaaaeaiiy aiei; 2)
aeiaea?aeaiiy anoaiiaeaieo caeiiii ii?yaeeo oa oiia aiaeaoaaiiy
iiea?aiiy; 3) aeiaea?aeaiiy anoaiiaeaieo caeiiii i?aa oa
caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei, aeeiiaiiy
ieie nai?o iaia’yceia.
Ia iiaenoaai aiaeico iieiaeaiue Eiinoeoooei? Oe?a?ie uiaei
ooaa?aeaeaiiy i caaacia/aiiy i?aa ethaeeie, aeena?oaio aeieoia
aeniiaeo, ui iiaiiaaaeaiiy i?ieo?i?a, iia’ycaii c caoenoii
i?aa i caeiiieo iioa?ania a?iiaaeyi, o iiaiio caeiiiaeaanoai
Oe?a?ie i?i aeiyeueiinoue i?ieo?aoo?e iio?aaothoue naiai
aaeineiiaeaiiy. Iaaeyae i?ieo?aoo?e ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa
caeiiieo iioa?ania a?iiaaeyi, oei aieueo eiinoeoooeieieo,
iiaeiai aecia/aoeny ye iaeaaaeeeaioee (i?ii?eoaoiee iai?yiie)
?? aeiyeueiinoi, a caeieniaiiy i?ieo?i?aie nai?o i?aaenoaa
ieoeueeeo iiaiiaaaeaiue – ?iciianthaeaeoaaoeny ia ani aeiaaeee, eiee
o?aaa caoenoeoe ii?ooaii eiinoeoooeieii i?aaa a?iiaaeyi.
O aeena?oaoei? c’yniao?oueny iinoea i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo
o caaaeueiie nenoaii caaacia/aiiy i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania
canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei, aei yei? aaoi? aiaeiineoue:
i?aaie aiaeii/iai eiio?ieth IAN Oe?a?ie, a?iiaaenueeiai eiio?ieth
(niinoa?aaeii eiiini?, neoaeae o ni?aaao iaiiaiieioiio),
iicaaiaeii/iai eiio?ieth (ioi?iie caei?ia’y oa inaioe), a oaeiae
– noaeiaiai, ia?eaiaionueeiai oa iiaeia?iaeiiai eiio?ieth.
I?e oeueiio i?ieo?i?nueeee iaaeyae caeia? iniaeeaa iinoea o
nenoaii eiio?ieueii-iaaeyaeiaeo caoiaeia ioi?iie i?aa oa
caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei. Oea
iaoiiaeth?oueny niaoeeoieith eiai nioeiaeueiiai i?ecia/aiiy,
ianyaii oa oa?aeoa?ii iiaiiaaaeaiue c iiaeeeainoth iaaaeiiai i
aoaeoeaiiai ?aaaoaaiiy ia ii?ooaiiy caeiio.
Aaoi? cacia/a?, ui ciaoiaeeoueny o noaaei? noaiiaeaiiy
oaea iiaa oi?ia eiio?ieth, ye ia?eaiaionueeee eiio?ieue ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa i naiaiae ethaeeie, caeieniaiiy yeiai
iieeaaea?oueny ia Oiiaiiaaaeaiiai Aa?oiaii? ?aaee Oe?a?ie c i?aa
ethaeeie. O iaeaooiueiio iaaio ?ieue o aa?aiooaaiii i?aa oa
caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei aoaeooue
aiaeia?aaaoe e iiaeia?iaeii i?aaiicaoei?, oaei ye Eiiioao
I?aaiicaoei? Ia’?aeiaieo Iaoeie c iiia?aaeaeaiiy cei/eiiinoi oa
ai?ioueae c iath, i?aaie III, ui caeiathoueny i?iaeaiaie i?aa
ethaeeie, ?a?iiaenueeee Eiiioao ii caiiaiaaiith oi?oo?ai,
iaethaenueeiio aai oaeiio, ui i?eieaeo? aiaeiinoue iiaiaeaeaiith /e
iiea?aiith oa iioi.
O ae?oaiio ?icaeiei – “I?iaeaie i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei
iicaaaeaiiy aiei” aiaeicothoueny ooieoei?, i?ioeanoaeueia
noaiiaeua oa iiaiiaaaeaiiy i?ieo?i?a i?e caeieniaiii iaaeyaeo
ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei
iicaaaeaiiy aiei, i?iiiiothoueny iaaii iaoaiicie iiaeaeuaiiy
eiai aei?ainoi, ?icaeyaeathoueny ieoaiiy caeiiiaeaa/iai
a?aaoethaaiiy i?aaiaiai noaiiaeua canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy
aiei a naioei iiai? Eiinoeoooei? Oe?a?ie, i?iaaaeaiiy ?aoi?ie
iaiioaioeia?ii? nenoaie, ni?yiiaaii? ia nioeiaeueio
ia?ai?i?ioaoeith aeeiiaiiy e?eiiiaeueieo iiea?aiue c o?aooaaiiyi
iiaeia?iaeii-i?aaiaeo noaiaea?oia o aaeoci i?aa ethaeeie.
O iiae?icaeiei ia?oiio “I?iaeaie iiaiiaaaeaiue i?ieo?i?a
i?e caeieniaiii iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo
iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei” aeineiaeaeothoueny
i?aaiai caniae i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa
caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei,
iiaiiaaaeaiiy i?ieo?i?a a oeie noa?i aeiyeueiinoi.
Iiaiiaaaeaiiy i?ieo?i?a i?e caeieniaiii iaaeyaeo ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi caeiiia i?e aeeiiaiii noaeiaeo ?ioaiue, iia’ycaieo
c iicaaaeaiiyi aiei, – oea aecia/aii caeiiii eiai i?aaa i
iaia’ycee, ni?yiiaaii ia iiia?aaeaeaiiy, aeyaeaiiy oa onoiaiiy
anieyeeo ii?ooaiue caeiio, yei iiaeooue aeoiaeeoe ye aiae
aaeiiiino?aoei?, iinaaeiaeo inia onoaiia aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue,
oae i aiae canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei, iiiiaeaiiy
ii?ooaieo i?aa oa aaeeooy caoiaeia uiaei i?eoyaiaiiy aeiieo aei
aiaeiiaiaeaeueiinoi.
O ?iaioi aeineiaeaeaia niaoeeoiea iiaiiaaaeaiue i?ieo?i?a,
yea iaoiiaeaia, ia?o ca ana, oei, ui: 1) aiie aecia/athoueny
ye Caeiiii Oe?a?ie “I?i i?ieo?aoo?o”, oae i aei?aaii-
o?oaeiaei, e?eiiiaeueii-i?ioeanoaeueiei oa iioei caeiiiaeaanoaii,
iaeacaie Aaia?aeueiiai i?ieo?i?a Oe?a?ie, iioeie ii?iaoeaieie
aeoaie aiaeii/iai oa?aeoa?o; 2) aeayei c ieo iinyoue aeaaeii-
?icii?yae/ee oa?aeoa? (iaia’yceiai aeey aeeiiaiiy), iioi –
aeieeaathoue ic caaaeueiiiaaeyaeiaeo iiaiiaaaeaiue i?ieo?i?a
(iaia’yceiai aeey ?icaeyaeo), aeayei – iia’ycaii c oaeith
aaeoccth aeiyeueiinoi i?ieo?i?a, ye o/anoue o ?icaeyaei ni?aa o
noaeao, a oaeiae – c iaaeyaeii ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi caeiiia i?e
i?iaaaeaiii aeiciaiiy oa iiia?aaeiueiai neiaenoaa (o e?eiiiaeueieo
ni?aaao i?i cei/eie, a/eiaii a onoaiiaao aeeiiaiiy
iiea?aiue); 3) aiie ni?yiiaaii ia caaacia/aiiy aeeiiaiiy
caeiiiaeaanoaa ye iinaaeiaeie iniaaie aeacaieo onoaiia, oae i
iniaaie, yei a ieo o?eiathoueny (ineieueee aac inoaiiueiai
iaiiaeeeaa aeiaea?aeaiiy i?aa iioeo inia, iicaaaeaieo aiei).
Aiaeic nooiinoi iiaiiaaaeaiue i?ieo?i?a, ui caaacia/othoue
aeiaea?aeaiiy i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei
iicaaaeaiiy aiei, a oaeiae aea/aiiy i?ieo?i?nueei? i?aeoeee
aeicaieeee aeena?oaioo ?ic?iaeoe nenoaio aeiaeaoeiaeo
iiaiiaaaeaiue i?ieo?i?a, ni?yiiaaieo ia iiaeaeuaiiy aei?ainoi
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo o oeie aaeoci i cai?iiiioaaoe iaaii
iaoaiicie ?aaeicaoei? oeeo iiaiiaaaeaiue. Cie?aia, aeineiaeiee
aaaaea?, ui aecia/aiiy iiaiiaaaeaiue i?ieo?i?a o iiaiio
e?eiiiaeueii-aeeiiaa/iio caeiiiaeaanoai iiaeiii iaoiiaethaaoeny
iaiaoiaeiinoth iiaeaeueoiai ?o iioe?aiiy, a oiio /enei
iia’ycaieo ic naieoeithaaiiyi oa aea/ath caiaee ia aei? oa ?ioaiiy
aaeiiiino?aoei? onoaiia aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue, ui nooo?ai
iaiaaeothoue i?aaa canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei. Ia?aaaaeaiiy
canoaeaeaieo aei IEO o ii?yaeeo no.67 AOE Oe?a?ie, a eieiiiyo
iniaeeaiai ?aaeeio – c IEO aei iaeeii/ii? eaia?e, a o oth?iao –
ia noai?ee ?aaeei, ia?aaaaeaiiy ci cae/aeieo aeeeeo i?eiiuaiue
aei IEO o eieiiiyo iniaeeaiai ?aaeeio – iiaeiii caeienithaaoenue
e?ii iiaiaeaeaiiy ci niinoa?aaeiith eiiini?th oieueee c naieoei?
i?ieo?i?a c iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi caeiiia i?e aeeiiaiii
noaeiaeo ?ioaiue o e?eiiiaeueieo ni?aaao.
Aiaeiiaiaeii aei /eiiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa ieoaiiy, iia’ycaii
c aeeiiaiiyi ae?ieo, ae?ioothoueny o noaeiaiio caniaeaiii c
o/anoth i?ieo?i?a (no.411 EIE Oe?a?ie). ?acii c oei iayaea a
noaeiaa caniaeaiiy inoaiiueiai ia coieiy? ?icaeyaeo noaeii iaaieo
ieoaiue oa eeiiioaiue (no.no. 4111, 414 EIE Oe?a?ie). Aaoi?
iaa?oioiao? aeioeieueiinoue caeiiiaeaa/iai cae?iieaiiy
iaia’yceiai? o/anoi i?ieo?i?a o noaeiaiio ?icaeyaei ieoaiue,
ia?aaeaa/aieo no. no. 407-411 EIE Oe?a?ie, ui aeiaeaoeiai
aa?aiooaaoeia aeiaea?aeaiiy i?aa canoaeaeaieo.
Aeena?oaio iiaee?aneth?, ui a no/anieo oiiaao, iia’ycaieo
c iiaeaeuaiith oaaaith aei caoenoo i?aa a?iiaaeyi, iaai?ieie ?
iieiaeaiiy caeiio, a neeo yeeo aeayei ?ioaiiy noaeo, aeianaii o
ii?yaeeo aeeiiaiiy ae?ieo, ? inoaoi/ieie i ia iiaeeyaathoue
eanaoeieiiio inea?aeaiith aai ia ieo ia iiaea aooe aianaia
eanaoeieia (ie?aia) iiaeaiiy i?ieo?i?a. Cae?iieaiiy o caeiii
iiaeeeainoi aianaiiy i?ieo?i?aie eanaoeieieo (ie?aieo) iiaeaiue
ia ani ooaaee noaeia, yei aeiinyoueny o e?eiiiaeueii-
aeeiiaa/iio i?iaaaeaeaiii, aeyaeoue aeiaeaoeiao aa?aioith caoenoo
i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei. O
anyeiio ?aci (yeui caeiiiaeaaaoeue iiaea oeyoii eeoa iioe?aiiy
aeacaieo iiaiiaaaeaiue) iaiaoiaeii iaia’yceiai cae?iieoe o
caeiii i?aai i?ieo?i?ia ia aianaiiy eanaoeieiiai (ie?aiiai)
iiaeaiiy o anio aeiaaeeao, eiee i?ecia/aia canoaeaeaiiio ii?a
e?eiiiaeueii-aeeiiaa/iai aieeao ciiith?oueny noaeii ia aieueo
noai?o (no. no. 45 /.5; 461 /.6; 462 /.4,5 EE Oe?a?ie, no.
no. 4082, 4091 EIE Oe?a?ie).
I?iaaaeaiee aiaeic iaoa?iaeia i?aeoeee naiae/eoue i?i oa,
ui iiiaei aaeocaai i?ieo?i?e i?e iaiaoiaeiinoi ii?ioanooaaiiy
noaeiaiai ?ioaiiy caa?oathoueny aei aiaeiiaiaeieo aeuanoiyueo
i?ieo?i?ia ia c iiaeaiiyie, a c “eenoaie”, “caa?iaiiyie” oa
iioeie “aeoaie”. Oaeiae inio? cia/ia eieueeinoue caa?iaiue
ia/aeueieeia onoaiia aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue c eenoaie
aaciina?aaeiuei aei noaeo a ca’yceo c aeyaeaiiyi ieie iacaeiiieo
oa iaiaa?oioiaaieo noaeiaeo ?ioaiue, ia iiaenoaai yeeo aieiae
noaeia aiinyoue i?ioanoe. O ca’yceo c oeei aaoi? i?iiiio? /ioei
aecia/eoe a Caeiii “I?i i?ieo?aoo?o” iiaiiaaaeaiiy i?ieo?i?a
c iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi caeiiia i?e aeeiiaiii noaeiaeo
?ioaiue o e?eiiiaeueieo ni?aaao uiaei ?aaaoaaiiy ia iacaeiiii
oa iaiaa?oioiaaii noaeiai aeoe, ia?aaeaa/eaoe eiai iaia’ycie
aiineoe iiaeaiiy aei aeuanoiyuiai i?ieo?i?a.
Aeineiaeiee iaa?oioiao? aeioeieueiinoue iaaeaiiy i?ieo?i?o c
iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi caeiiia i?e aeeiiaiii noaeiaeo ?ioaiue
o e?eiiiaeueieo ni?aaao i?aaa aaciina?aaeiuei caa?oaoeny c
i?ioanoii aei noaeo o aeiaaeeao aeyaeaiiy iacaeiiiiai oa
iaiaa?oioiaaiiai i?ecia/aiiy canoaeaeaiiio aeaeo aei?aaii-
o?oaeiai? eieiii? (ia iiaenoaai aea/aiiy iaoa?iaeia iniaiai?
ni?aae canoaeaeaiiai), ui cia/ii nei?ioeoue oa?iii ae?ioaiiy
aeaiiai ieoaiiy noaeii, o oiio /enei e o aeiaaeeao iacaeiiiiai
o?eiaiiy canoaeaeaieo o eieiiiyo c aieueo noai?ei ?aaeeiii.
O iiae?icaeiei ae?oaiio “I?ieo?i?nueeee iaaeyae ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi eiinoeoooeieieo i?aa canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy
aiei” aeineiaeaeothoueny neeaaeiai aeaiaioe, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue
nooiinoue i?aaiaiai noaiiaeua canoaeaeaieo: 1) noa’?eoeaii
i?aaa; 2) caeiiii iioa?ane; oa 3) iaia’ycee canoaeaeaieo.
Iaaiaeeoueny eeaneoieaoeiy noa’?eoeaieo i?aa canoaeaeaieo, yei
iiaeieythoueny ia caaaeueii oa niaoeiaeueii. O naith /a?ao aei
caaaeueieo i?aa canoaeaeaieo aiaeiinyoueny eiinoeoooeieii i?aaa, a
oaeiae i?aaa, ui cae?iieaii o aaeocaaiio caeiiiaeaanoai,
aieiaeiiiy yeeie ia iia’ycaia ic niaoeiaeueiei i?aaiaei
noaoonii canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei. Aeena?oaio aaaaea?,
ui aoaeoeaiinoue, aei?ainoue i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo iaiiaeeeaa
aac /ioeiai aecia/aiiy i?aa, caeiiieo iioa?ania oa iaia’yc
eia canoaeaeaieo o /eiiiio caeiiiaeaanoai, i?eaaaeaiiy aeith/eo
ii?i o aiaeiiaiaeiinoue c Eiinoeoooei?th Oe?a?ie oa iiaeia?iaeii-
i?aaiaeie aeoaie o aaeoci i?aa ethaeeie.
I?aai canoaeaeaieo ia o/anoue o aeai?ao o ?iaioi
?icaeyaea?oueny ye aaaeeeaee aeaiaio ?o i?aaiaiai noaoono.
Aeineiaeaeoth/e niaoeeoieo i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi
i?aa canoaeaeaieo ia iniaenoo iaaeioi?eaiinoue, aaoi? i?iiiio?:
cae?iieoe o e?eiiiaeueii-aeeiiaa/iio caeiiiaeaanoai ia?aeie
i?aaiii?ooaiue, ca yei ia?aaeaa/a?oueny aeenoeeieiia?ia
aiaeiiaiaeaeueiinoue canoaeaeaieo, a oaeiae aeaee aeenoeeieiia?ieo
noyaiaiue ca aiaeiiaiaeii i?aaiii?ooaiiy; iaia’yceiainoue
aiaeaiaeoaaiiy eiea?yie i?eiiuaiue, a yeeo canoaeaeaii aiaeaoaathoue
aeenoeeieiia?ii noyaiaiiy; aeeo/eoe ic no. 67 AOE Oe?a?ie
canoinoaaiiy aei canoaeaeaieo noyaiaiiy o aeaeyaei iica/a?aiaiai
/a?aoaaiiy ii i?eae?aiith i?eiiuaiue ia oa?eoi?i? iinoey
iicaaaeaiiy aiei, ye oaeiai, ui noia?a/eoue no. 43
Eiinoeoooei? Oe?a?ie, yea caai?iiy? i?eioniao i?aoeth, a oaeiae
i. 28 Iiiiiaeueieo noaiaea?oieo I?aaee iiaiaeaeaiiy c
oa’yciaieie.
Aia?oa i?iiiio?oueny ia?aaeaa/eoe o iiaiio EAE Oe?a?ie
i?aai canoaeaeaieo ia iniaenoo aaciaeo oa anoaiiaeoe iaaii
iaia’ycee iinaaeiaeo inia onoaiia aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue uiaei
eiai ?aaeicaoei?, a o aaeocaaiio iaeaci Aaia?aeueiiai
i?ieo?i?a Oe?a?ie – caa?iooe oaaao ia iaiaoiaeiinoue
caeieniaiiy iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi oeueiai i?aaa. Aeineiaeiee
oi?ioeth? caaaeaiiy iia?aoeaii-?icooeiai? aeiyeueiinoi a
onoaiiaao aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue, aei yeeo, cie?aia, aiaeiineoue
caaacia/aiiy iniaenoi? aaciaee canoaeaeaieo oa ia?niiaeo
onoaiia aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue.
I?aai canoaeaeaieo ia caa?iaiiy, ia aeoieo aaoi?a,
iio?aao? aieueo aeaoaeueii? ?aaeaiaioaoei? o caeiii. Oae,
aiaeiiaiaeii aei no. no. 55, 124 Eiinoeoooei? Oe?a?ie o iiaiio
EAE Oe?a?ie iiaeiii aooe ia?aaeaa/aii: iaaii iaoaiicie
inea?aeaiiy canoaeaeaieie aeie oa ?ioaiue aaeiiiino?aoei? onoaiia
aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue, ui iaiaaeothoue i?aaa oa caeiiii iioa?ane
oeeo inia, aei noaeiaeo i?aaiia, a o iiaiio EIE Oe?a?ie –
i?ioeaaeo?a ?icaeyaeo oaeeo ni?aa noaeii; cae?iieaii i?aai
canoaeaeaieo ia caa?iaiiy ca caoenoii nai?o i?aa i naiaiae aei
aiaeiiaiaeieo iiaeia?iaeieo onoaiia /e i?aaiicaoeie, /eaiii aai
o/anieeii yeeo ? Oe?a?ia. C I?aaee aioo?ioiueiai ?icii?yaeeo
aei?aaii-o?oaeiaeo onoaiia (§33) iaiaoiaeii aeeo/eoe iaiaaeaiiy
i?aaa canoaeaeaieo ia caa?iaiiy, ye oaei, ui ia aiaeiiaiaeathoue
aeiiaai iiaeia?iaeii-i?aaiaeo aeoia, ia?o ca ana – Eiiaaioei?
i?i caiiaiaaiiy eaooaaiiyi /e iaethaenueeiio aai oaeiio, ui
i?eieaeo? aiaeiinoue iiaiaeaeaiith /e iiea?aiith.
?icaeyaeath/e i?iaeaie ?aaeicaoei? i?aaa canoaeaeaieo ia
aeinooi aei iioi?iaoei?, aeineiaeiee i?iiiio? anoaiiaeoe a caeiii
iaia’ycie aaeiiiino?aoei? onoaiia aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue iaaeaaaoe
canoaeaeaiei iioi?iaoeith i?i ?o i?aaa i iaia’ycee, ciaeiieoe ?o
ci ciiiaie ii?yaeeo oa oiia aiaeaoaaiiy iiea?aiiy. O eiaeiie
iniaiaie ni?aai canoaeaeaieo iiaeiia ciaoiaeeoeny Iai’yoea i?i
i?aaa oa iaia’ycee, c yeith ciaeiieyoueny canoaeaeaii iiae
iniaenoee iiaeien. Aaoi? i?iiiio? cae?iieoe o iiaiio EAE
Oe?a?ie i?aaa canoaeaeaieo ia naiaiaeo naioiaeyaeo oa
ai?iniiaiaeaiiy. I?e oeueiio aei i?aaeiaoa iaaeyaeo i?ieo?i?a
iiaeiii aoiaeeoe: 1) caeiiiinoue iaaeaiiy aaeiiiino?aoei?th
onoaiia aeicaieo ia caeieniaiiy iaaieo aeie, iia’ycaieo c
?aaeicaoei?th aeaiiai i?aaa; 2) caeiiiinoue aiaeiiae o i?iaaaeaiii
aeacaieo aeie; 3) aeiaea?aeaiiy i?aa iioeo inia i?e caeieniaiii
oaeeo aeie; 4) aeiaea?aeaiiy i?aaee aioo?ioiueiai ?icii?yaeeo.
Caeiaoaa/ aiaecia/a?, ui ia oaia?ioiie /an nooo?ai
ii?ooo?oueny cae?iieaiee o caeiii iaia’ycie aaeiiiino?aoei?
onoaiia aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue caaacia/eoe canoaeaeaieo i?aoeath
(no. 49 AOE Oe?a?ie), ui a naith /a?ao oneeaaeith?
i?ieo?i?nueeee iaaeyae, ineieueee a oiiaao aeeaiei? aeiiiii/ii?
e?ece oa aac?iaiooy aeoaea aaaeei ciaeoe ?iai/i iinoey aeey
canoaeaeaieo. ?acii c oei i?iaeaia ?aaeicaoei? i?aaa canoaeaeaieo
ia i?aoeth iiaeiia ae?iooaaoeny ia oieueee ia ?iaii onoaiia
aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue, aea e ia aea?aeaaiiio ?iaii.
Aiaeicoth/e i?aai canoaeaeaieo ia aiaeii/eiie, aeena?oaio
i?iiiio?: 1) caeiiiaeaa/i cae?iieoe i?aai canoaeaeaieo ia
ui?i/io aiaeionoeo, aeicaie ia yeo iiaeiai iaaeaaaoeny
ia/aeueieeii onoaiiae aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue ca iiaiaeaeaiiyi c
i?ieo?i?ii; 2) aianoe ciiie aei no. 50 AOE Oe?a?ie uiaei
nei?i/aiiy ?iai/iai /ano canoaeaeaieo ia ?iaioi ci oeiaeeeaeie
oiiaaie i?aoei.
?icaeyaea?oueny niaoeeoiea i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi iaeiiaeo i?aa oa iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo, i?aaa ia
ioi?iio caei?ia’y oa iioeo. Aeena?oaio noaa?aeaeo?, ui iinoeooo
aiaeoeiaeoaaiiy iaoa?iaeueii? oa ii?aeueii? oeiaee, caiiaeiyii?
iacaeiiieie aeiyie i?aaiia aeiciaiiy, iiia?aaeiueiai
?icneiaeoaaiiy, i?ieo?aoo?e oa noaeo, iiaeiai
?iciianthaeaeoaaoeny i ia canoaeaeaieo.
Aaoi? caa?oa? oaaao ia iaaeinoaoi? caeiiiaeaa/a
aecia/aiiy i?aaiaiai noaiiaeua inia, canoaeaeaieo aei
aeiyoeiai? ii?e iiea?aiiy – nia?oii? ea?e, a oiiaao
aiaenooiinoi ioioeieii anoaiiaeaiiai ii?aoi?ith ia ?? aeeiiaiiy
aai coieiaiiy aei? no.24 EE Oe?a?ie, a oaeiae canoaeaeaieo, yei
nei?ee cei/ei iiae /an aiaeaoaaiiy iiea?aiiy.
O iiae?icaeiei o?aoueiio “I?ieo?i?nueeee iaaeyae ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi niaoeiaeueieo i?aa canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei”
aiaecia/a?oueny, ui /eiia e?eiiiaeueii-aeeiiaa/a caeiiiaeaanoai
iinoeoue ia oieueee ii?ie, yei iaiaaeothoue i?aaa canoaeaeaieo ye
a?iiaaeyi Oe?a?ie, aea e oaei, ui iieeaaeathoue ia ieo aeiaeaoeiai
iaia’ycee oa iaaeathoue ?i niaoeiaeueii (niaoeeoi/ii) i?aaa, ui
aeoiaeyoue ca iaaei caaaeueiiai i?aaiaiai noaiiaeua a?iiaaeyieia.
Oae, a yeinoi niaoeiaeueiiai i?aaa canoaeaeaieo ?icaeyaea?oueny
iiaeeeainoue oiiaii-aeino?ieiaiai caieueiaiiy aiae iiea?aiiy i
caiiie iaaiaeaooi? /anoeie iiea?aiiy aieueo i’yeei. Caeienithth/e
iaaeyae ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi aeacaieo i?aa canoaeaeaieo, i?ieo?i?o
iaiaoiaeii c’ynoaaoe: 1) /e ?iciianthaeaeo?oueny ia aeaiiai
canoaeaeaiiai caeiiiaeaanoai i?i oiiaii-aeino?ieiaa caieueiaiiy
aiae iiea?aiiy oa caiiio eiai aieueo i’yeei; 2) /e aiaeaooa
canoaeaeaiei ia?aaeaa/aia caeiiii /anoeia iiea?aiiy; 3) /e
aeiaia aeaiee canoaeaeaiee oa ye naia nai? aei?aaeaiiy. Caeiaoaa/
a?aoiaioo? iaiaoiaeiinoue cae?iieaiiy o no. 110 AOE Oe?a?ie:
1) iaia’yceo aaeiiiino?aoei? onoaiia aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue o anio
aeiaaeeao ?icaeyaeaoe eeiiioaiiy i?i i?aaenoaaeaiiy canoaeaeaiiai
aei oiiaii-aeino?ieiaiai caieueiaiiy aai caiiio iaaiaeaooi?
/anoeie iiea?aiiy aieueo i’yeei i?ioyaii iaeiiai iinyoey iiney
aiaeaoooy anoaiiaeaii? caeiiii /anoeie no?ieo iiea?aiiy, a o
?aci aiaeiiae o iaaeaiii oaeiai i?aaa – iioeaoaaoe oea ?ioaiiy
oa iciaeiiethaaoe c iei canoaeaeaiiai; 2) iaia’ycie iiaiaeaeaiiy
c i?ieo?i?ii ?ioaiue eiiinie onoaiia c oiiaii-aeino?ieiaiai
caieueiaiiy.
Aeineiaeaeoth/e i?aai canoaeaeaieo ia nioeiaeueio ?aaaieioaoeith
iiney caieueiaiiy aiae iiea?aiiy, aaoi? i?iiiio? aaanoe o
iiaee EAE Oe?a?ie ii?io, caiaeii c yeith ca canoaeaeaieie
iiaeiii caa?iaaoeny i?aai ia aeeoei aiaeiiaiaeii aei no.47
Eiinoeoooei? Oe?a?ie. ?icaeyaea?oueny niaoeeoiea i?ieo?i?nueeiai
iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa canoaeaeaieo ia iiaa/aiiy c
?iaee/aie oa iioeie iniaaie, ia aaceiiaieia ia?anoaaiiy ca
iaaeaie eieiii? oa iioi i aeneiaeththoueny i?iiiceoei? noiniaii
aaeineiiaeaiiy caeiiiaeaanoaa a /anoeii ?aaeaiaioaoei? oeeo
i?aa. Cai?iiiiiaaia nenoaia ciiie oiia o?eiaiiy canoaeaeaieo o
iaaeao iaeii?? onoaiiae aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue, aiaeiiaiaeii aei
yei?, ia aeoieo aaoi?a, ia?aaaaeaiiy c iaeiiai aeaeo oiia
o?eiaiiy ia iioi iiaeiii caeienithaaoeny eieaaiaeueiei i?aaiii,
aei yeiai aoiaeyoue i?aaenoaaieee aaeiiiino?aoei? onoaiiae, iioeo
neoaea oa ca iiaiaeaeaiiyi c i?ieo?i?ii.
O ?icaeiei o?aoueiio “Oeyoe iioeiicaoei? i?ieo?i?nueeiai
iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo
aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei” aiaecia/a?oueny, ui aoaeoeaiinoue
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo a cia/iie ii?i aecia/a?oueny
aeineiiaeinoth iaoiaeeee eiai caeieniaiiy, aea aei oeueiai /ano, ye
iiaeoaa?aeeei i?iaaaeaia aaoi?ii iieooaaiiy, i?ieo?i?e
ei?enoothoueny “Iaoiaee/aneei ienueiii i i?iaa?ea niaethaeaiey
caeiiiinoe a eni?aaeoaeueii-o?oaeiauo eieiieyo, oth?ueiao e
neaaenoaaiiuo ecieyoi?ao” ?17/I-209-70, caoaa?aeaeaiei ua
Aaia?aeueiith i?ieo?aoo?ith eieeoiueiai N?N? o 1970 ?ioei. O
ca’yceo c oeei aaoi? aaaaea? ca iaiaoiaeia aeaeaiiy Aaia?aeueiith
i?ieo?aoo?ith Oe?a?ie iaoiaee/iiai iiniaieea i i?iiiio?
aiaeiiaiaeio iaoiaeeeo iaaeyaeo.
Aeineiaeaeoth/e ia’?eoeaii i noa’?eoeaii i?e/eie, ui
iaoiiaeththoue cieaeaiiy aaoi?eoaoo i?ieo?aoo?e na?aae canoaeaeaieo
aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei a no/anieo oiiaao (caiaeii c i?iaaaeaiei
aeineiaeaeaiiyi oieueee 25% canoaeaeaieo aeacaee ia i?ieo?aoo?o ye
i?aai, c yeei aiie iia’ycothoue iaaeith ia caoeno nai?o i?aa oa
caeiiieo iioa?ania), aaoi? i?eoiaeeoue aei aeniiaeo i?i
iaiaoiaeiinoue aeeeth/aiiy c e?eiiiaeueii-aeeiiaa/iai
caeiiiaeaanoaa ii?i, ui ia?aaeaa/athoue iiaiaeaeaiiy aiaeii/eo
ii?iaoeaieo aeoia IAN Oe?a?ie c Aaia?aeueiith i?ieo?aoo?ith
Oe?a?ie. Ia aeoieo aaoi?a, oea aeicaieeoue, c iaeiiai aieo,
Iiiinoa?noao aioo?ioiio ni?aa aieueo noai?i noaaeoeny aei
aiaeiiaiaeiinoi caeiio iieiaeaiue, ui aeeth/athoueny aei aiaeii/eo
ii?iaoeaieo aeoia, c ae?oaiai – caieueieoe i?ieo?aoo?o aiae
iai?eoaiaiieo ?e ooieoeie, ui, a naith /a?ao, ni?eyoeia
aeoeaicaoei? ?o aeiyeueiinoi.
Aaoi? i?iiiio? aeiiiaieoe noaoenoe/io caioiinoue
Aaia?aeueii? i?ieo?aoo?e Oe?a?ie (?icaeie 5 oi?ie “II”, a
oaeiae oi?io “I”) iieacieeaie, yei a aecia/aee ?iaaiue
aoaeoeaiinoi ?aaaoaaiiy i?ieo?i?ia c iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi
caeiiia i?e aeeiiaiii noaeiaeo ?ioaiue o e?eiiiaeueieo ni?aaao
ia iacaeiiii oa iaiaa?oioiaaii noaeiai ?ioaiiy uiaei
eieueeinoi: 1) aeyaeaieo aaeocaaeie i?ieo?i?aie iacaeiiieo oa
iaiaa?oioiaaieo noaeiaeo ?ioaiue; 2) aianaieo oeeie i?ieo?i?aie
iiaeaiue aei aiaeiiaiaeieo aeuanoiyueo i?ieo?i?ia c iaoith
aianaiiy i?ioanoia; 3) neaniaaieo oa ciiiaieo noaeiaeo ?ioaiue
(uiaei eieueeinoi canoaeaeaieo) o ca’yceo c i?eianaiiyi
i?ioanoia.
Aeniiaee. O caeeth/iie /anoeii noi?ioeueiaaii iniiaii
?acoeueoaoe, io?eiaii aaoi?ii o i?ioeani aeena?oaoeieiiai
aeineiaeaeaiiy: iiaiiaaaeaiiy i?ieo?i?a c iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi
caeiiia i?e aeeiiaiii noaeiaeo ?ioaiue o e?eiiiaeueieo ni?aaao
iio?aaothoue naiai iiaeaeueoiai ?icoe?aiiy o iiaiio e?eiiiaeueii-
aeeiiaa/iio caeiiiaeaanoai Oe?a?ie, a oiio /enei iia’ycaii c
naieoeiiioaaiiyi oa aea/ath caiaee ia oaei aei? oa ?ioaiiy
aaeiiiino?aoei? onoaiia aeeiiaiiy iiea?aiue, ui nooo?ai
iaiaaeothoue i?aaa canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei; iiaeaeuaiith
?iaiy aa?aioiaaiinoi aeiaea?aeaiiy i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania
canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei ni?eyoeia caeiiiaeaa/a
cae?iieaiiy: 1) i?aaa i?ieo?i?a ia aianaiiy eanaoeieiiai
iiaeaiiy ia ani noaeiai ?ioaiiy, eiee i?ecia/aii canoaeaeaiiio
ii?a oa oiiae aiaeaoaaiiy iiea?aiiy ciiiththoueny ia aieueo
noai?i; 2) iaia’yceo aaeocaaiai i?ieo?i?a aiineoe iiaeaiiy
aeuanoiyuiio i?ieo?i?o a ca’yceo c iacaeiiiei oa
iaiaa?oioiaaiei noaeiaei ?ioaiiyi; 3) iaia’yceiai? o/anoi
i?ieo?i?a o noaeiaiio ?icaeyaei ieoaiue, iia’ycaieo c
aeeiiaiiyi ae?ieo; 4) oieniaaiiai ia?aeieo i?aa, caeiiieo
iioa?ania oa iaia’yceia canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei, a
oiio /enei – ?o i?aa ia iniaenoo aaciaeo, naiaiaeo naioiaeyaeo
i ai?iniiaiaeaiiy, ia ui?i/io aiaeionoeo ia caa?iaiiy oa
aeayeeo iioeo. Aeneiaeaii eiie?aoii i?iiiceoei?, ni?yiiaaii ia
i?eaaaeaiiy /eiiiai e?eiiiaeueii-aeeiiaa/iai caeiiiaeaanoaa oa
aiaeii/eo ii?iaoeaieo aeoia aiaeiiaiaeii aei Eiinoeoooei?
Oe?a?ie oa iiaeia?iaeii-i?aaiaeo aeoia a aaeoci i?aa ethaeeie.
Ca oaiith aeena?oaoei? iioaeieiaaii oaei ?iaioe:
1. Eo?eei I.I., Oiiueei A.Ae. I?ieo?i?nueeee iaaeyae ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi caeiiia a onoaiiaao aeey iiia?aaeiueiai oa’yciaiiy:
Iaa/aeueiee iiniaiee. – Oa?eia, Iinoeooo iiaeaeuaiiy
eaaeioieaoei? Aaia?aeueii? i?ieo?aoo?e Oe?a?ie, 1998 (4,19/4
ae?oe. a?e.).
2. Eo?eei I.I., Iiaiaiei A.I. O/anoue i?ieo?i?a a
neiae/eo aeiyo: Iaa/aeueiee iiniaiee. – Oa?eia, Iinoeooo
iiaeaeuaiiy eaaeioieaoei? Aaia?aeueii? i?ieo?aoo?e Oe?a?ie,
1998 (1,4/1 ae?oe. a?e.).
3. Eo?eei I.I. Aaeineiiaethaaoe i?ieo?i?nueeee iaaeyae ca
aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo iioa?ania canoaeaeaieo aei
iicaaaeaiiy aiei: I?aai Oe?a?ie. – 1998. ?11, N.59-61. (0,5
ae?oe. a?e.)
4. Eo?eei I.I. I?ieo?i?nueeee iaaeyae ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi
aeiiiii/ieo i?aa canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei: I?aai
Oe?a?ie. – 1998. ?12, N.70-74. (0,8 ae?oe. a?e.)
Aeena?oaoeiy i?enay/aia aeineiaeaeaiith oai?aoe/ieo oa i?aeoe/ieo
i?iaeai
i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa oa caeiiieo
iioa?ania
canoaeaeaieo aei iicaaaeaiiy aiei. ?icaeyaeathoueny ooieoei? oa
i?aaiaa
noaiiaeua i?ieo?i?a, i?aaiai caniae i?ieo?i?nueeiai iaaeyaeo,
i?aaiaiaeiineie, ui aeieeathoue a i?ioeani eiai caeieniaiiy.
Noi?ioeueiaaii
i?iiiceoei? ii oaeineiiaeaiith caeiiiaeaanoaa Oe?a?ie oa i?aeoeee
eiai
canoinoaaiiy. Iniaeeao oaaao aaoi? i?eaeiey? caeiiiaeaa/iio
a?aaoethaaiith
i?aaiaiai noaiiaeua inia, yei ia?aaoaathoue a iinoeyo iicaaaeaiiy
aiei,
a naioei aeiia iiai? Eiinoeoooei? Oe?a?ie oa iiaeia?iaeii-i?aaiaeo
aeoia
a aaeoci i?aa ethaeeie.
Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia enneaaeiaaieth oai?aoe/aneeo e i?aeoe/aneeo
i?iaeai
i?ieo?i?neiai iaaeci?a ca niaethaeaieai i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania
inoaeaeaiiuo
e eeoaieth naiaiaeu. ?anniao?eaathony ooieoeee e i?aaiaia
iieiaeaiea
i?ieo?i?a, i?aaiaua n?aaenoaa i?ieo?i?neiai iaaeci?a,
i?aaiioiioaiey,
aicieeathuea a i?ioeanna aai inouanoaeaiey. Noi?ioee?iaaiu
i?aaeeiaeaiey
ii niaa?oainoaiaaieth caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa Oe?aeiu e i?aeoeee aai
i?eiaiaiey.
Iniaia aieiaiea aaoi? oaeaeyao caeiiiaeaoaeueiiio o?aaoee?iaaieth
i?aaiaiai
iieiaeaiey eeoe, iaoiaeyueony a ianoao eeoaiey naiaiaeu, a naaoa
o?aaiaaiee
iiaie Eiinoeoooeee Oe?aeiu e iaaeaeoia?iaeii-i?aaiauo aeoia a
iaeanoe i?aa
/aeiaaea.
.The dissertation is dedicated to the research of theoretical and
practical problems of procuratorial supervision over observance of
rights
and legal interests of convicted persons. The author deals with
the
functions and legal status of a procurator, legal instruments of
procuratorial supervision, legal relations, which take place in
the
process of it. The suggestions concerning the improvement of the
Ukrainian legislation and the practice of its applica-tion are
presented.
The author pays special attention to legislative regulation of
legal
status of convicted persons according to the requirements of the
new
Constitution of Ukraine and international legal acts in the field
of
human rights.
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