.

Технологія зведення малооб’ємних агропромислових споруд із легких металевих конструкцій: Автореф. дис… канд. техн. наук / О.Б. Бахаєва, Київ. держ.

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Ee?anueeee aea?aeaaiee oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao aoae?aieoeoaa ? a?o?oaeoo?e

OAeE (066)693.814

AAOA?AA

Ienaia Ai?en?aia

OAOIIEIA?ss CAAAeAIIss IAEIIA’?IIEO AA?II?IIENEIAEO NII?OAe ?C EAAEEO
IAOAEAAEO EIINO?OEOe?E

Niaoe?aeuei?noue: 05.23.08 – Oaoiieia?y i?iieneiaiai oa oeea?eueiiai
aoae?aieoeoaa

AAOI?AOA?AO AeENA?OAOe??

ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaith eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe

Ee?a – 1998

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien

?iaioa aeeiiaia ia eaoaae?? oaoiieia?? aoae?aaeueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa a
Ee?anueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oaoi?/iiio oi?aa?neoao? aoae?aieoeoaa ?
a?o?oaeoo?e

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee – eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio eaoaae?e
oaoiieia?? aoae?aaeueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa Ee?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
oi?aa?neoaoo aoae?aieoeoaa ? a?o?oaeoo?e *aaaiia Eaii?ae Na?a?eiae/

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe – aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, caa?aeoth/ee naeoi?ii
iiioaaeo eiino?oeoe?e AO Iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee ?inoeooo aoae?aaeueiiai
ae?iaieoeoaa

Oaaei?aiei Iao?i Iao?iae/ eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe,
i?ioani? eaoaae?e i?aai?caoe?? ? oi?aae?iiy aoae?aieoeoaii Ee?anueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo aoae?aieoeoaa ? a?o?oaeoo?e
Aaciaeee ?aai Aeieo?iae/

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa – I?eaei?i?ianueea aea?aeaaia aeaaeai?y
aoae?aieoeoaa oa a?o?oaeoo?e I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie ,

i. Aei?i?iiao?ianuee

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 1 a?oaeiy 1998?. i 12 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 26.056.03 i?e Ee?anueeiio aea?aeaaiiio
oaoi?/iiio oi?aa?neoao? aoae?aieoeoaa ? a?o?oaeoo?e I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe
Oe?a?ie, ca aae?anith: 252037 i. Ee?a, Iia?o?ioeionueeee i?iniaeo 31

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee 30 aeiaoiy 1998?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee

ae.a.i., i?ioani? Oaaeiniaa I.A.

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue ?iaioe. I?iaeaie, ui iathoue i?noea a Oe?a?i? i?e
ia?aoiae? a?ae aei?noeiai oeaio?ae?ciaaiiai ea?oaaiiy aeiiii?eith aei
aio/eiai ?eieiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy, iicia/eeenue ? ia aoae?aieoeoa?.
Cie?aia, ooo niinoa??aathoueny aea? noiooi? oaiaeaioe??. Ia?oa iieyaa? o
ciaioaii? ianya?a aoae?aieoeoaa aaeeeeo ia’?eo?a oa a?aeiia?aeii
ca?eueoaii? iiiaieeaoo?e ? ianya?a ?ia?o, ui io?eiaee aecia/aiiy
iaeiia?iieo ? ?icina?aaeaeaieo, i?i oea na?ae/eoue c?inoaiiy iiieoo ia
iaeiiiiaa?oia? aa?ii?iieneia? nii?oaee ?c eaaeeo iaoaeaaeo eiino?oeoe?e
(EIE). Ae?oaa – a iii?oiiio ca?eueoaii? iaeiie/aiiy ? canoinoaaiiy
oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei (OI). A oie aea /an aenia?oii iii?/aii, ui oaoi?/i?
iiaeeeaino? OI, iioaioe?eii i???ioiaai? ia oae? ?iaioe, ia caeo/athoueny
o iiai?e i??? ia caaeiaieaiiy iio?aa a?aeiia?aeieo oaoiieia?/ieo
i?ioean?a. Oea i?ioe??//y ? iaoiiaeth? i?iaeaio, nooue yei? caiaeeoueny
aei iayaiino? ?aca?a?a i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aeeiiaiiy iaeiia?iieo ?
?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o (I??) ? a?aenooiino? iaoai?cio caeo/aiiy oeeo
?aca?a?a o ae?iaieoeoai I??.

O ca’yceo c oeei iaoith aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ? i?aeaeuaiiy
aoaeoeaiino? aeeiiaiiy iaeiia?iieo ? ?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o oeyoii
a?eueo ?aoe?iiaeueiiai canoinoaaiiy oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei.

Oaia aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe aeeiio?oueny a ?aieao caaaeueiiai ieaio
athaeaeaoieo (caiiaiee – I?iina?oe Oe?a?ie) ? ainiaeiaia??ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue (caiiaieee – AAO Oaieeoeueoaoiiioaae oa IA Oaiee/iee
eiiieaen ?in?y), ui i?iaiaeyoueny ia eaoaae?? oaoiieia?? aoae?aaeueiiai
ae?iaieoeoaa oa a aaeocaa?e iaoeiai-aeine?aei?e eaai?aoi??? oaoiieia?? ?
iaoai?caoe?? iiioaaeieo ? niaoe?aeueieo ?ia?o EAeOOAA.

Aaeueioaaiiy aoaeoeaiiai aeeiiaiiy iaeiia?iieo ? ?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o
iiynith?oueny a?aenooi?noth iaoai?cio aaeaeaaoiiai ocaiaeaeaiiy
iieaciee?a oaoi?/ieo iiaeeeainoae oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei c iniaeeainoyie
aeeiiaiiy oaeeo ?ia?o.

?iai/a a?iioaca ia?aaeaa/a?, ui aecia/aiiy ? oi?iae?caoe?y /a?ac
aeine?aeaeaiiy iniaeeainoae cae?eniaiiy I?? ? canoinoaaiiy OI c
iiaeaeueoei ooai?aiiyi ia oeeo i?aenoaaao iaoiaeieia?/ii? aace,
i???ioiaaii? ia ?o ocaiaeaeaiiy a oaoiieia?/iiio i?iaeooaaii? ?
?aae?caoe?? a oaoiieia?/ieo i?ioeanao, caaacia/eoue i?aeaeuaiiy
aoaeoeaiino? caaaeaiiy iaeiia?iieo aa?ii?iieneiaeo ia’?eo?a ?c eaaeeo
iaoaeaaeo eiino?oeoe?e.

Caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy:

1. Aiae?c iaeiie/aieo iaoeiaeie, aeine?aeieoeueei-eiino?oeoi?nueeeie
?ic?iaeaie oa i?aeoeeith aoae?aieoeoaa ciaiue, oai?aoe/ieo i?aenoaa oa
i?aeoe/iiai aeina?aeo c ?icaeyaea?iiai ieoaiiy.

2. Aeine?aeaeaiiy ?nioth/eo oaoiieia?e aeeiiaiiy iaeiia?iieo ?
?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o c iaoith aeyaeaiiy ? ioe?iee ?aca?a?a i?aeaeuaiiy
aoaeoeaiino? ?o aeeiiaiiy.

3. Aaeineiiaeaiiy oaoiieia?e caaaeaiiy iaeiiiiaa?oiaeo aa?ii?iieneiaeo
nii?oae ?c eaaeeo iaoaeaaeo eiino?oeoe?e oeyoii caeo/aiiy iaaeei?enoaieo
iiaeeeainoae oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei.

4. Anoaiiaeaiiy iniaeeainoae ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? aeeiiaiiy iaeiia?iieo
? ?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o oi?aa?naeueieie iaoeiaie.

Oaea ni?yiiaai?noue caaea/ aecia/a? iaeanoue aeine?aeaeaiiy – iaeiia?ii?
?icina?aaeaeai? ?iaioe; eiai iniiaiee ia’?eo – iaeiiiiaa?oia?
aa?ii?iieneia? nii?oaee ?c EIE.

Iaoiaeaie aeine?aeaeaiiy neoaoaaee: aiae?c aeieoiaioaeueieo aeaea?ae;
ocaaaeueiaiiy ? ioe?iea io?eiaii? ?ioi?iaoe??; iaoo?i? niinoa?aaeaiiy;
o?iiiiao?aae; aenia?oi? ioe?iee i?ioean?a, yaeu ? oaiaeaioe?e o
ae?iaieoeoa?; aeaiaioe nenoaiiiai aiae?co, noaoenoe/ii? ia?iaee ?
ei?aeyoe?eiiai aiae?co; oaoiieia?/ii-i?aai?caoe?eia iiaeaethaaiiy.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?iaioe iieyaa? a oiio, ui aia?oa cai?iiiiiaaii ?
oai?aoe/ii iaa?oioiaaii iaoiaeieia?/iee iaoai?ci aca?iiiai ocaiaeaeaiiy
oaoiieia?/ieo iio?aa aoae?aaeueieo i?ioean?a c aeeiiaiiy iaeiia?iieo
?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o ? oaoi?/ieo iiaeeeainoae oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ? oe?ii?noue ?iaioe aecia/a?oueny ai?iaaaeaeaiiyi o
nenoaio ?iaeaia?ii? i?aeaioiaee caaaeaiiy iaeiiiiaa?oiaeo
aa?ii?iieneiaeo nii?oae ?c eaaeeo iaoaeaaeo eiino?oeoe?e iaoiaee/ieo
?aeiiaiaeaoe?e c ?ic?iaee, aaeaeaaoii? ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? ? aeai?o
iiaeaeae ?aoe?iiaeueieo oaoiieia?e aeeiiaiiy iaeiia?iieo ?
?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o a i?ae?icae?eao AeI Oe?aa?ieaaeiino?oeoe?y, AI
Aa?eaacno?ie (?in?y) oa io?eiaiei aiane?aeie oeueiai aeiiii?/iei aoaeoii
i?e aoae?aieoeoa? ceiiaeo a?oioiaeo oaieeoeue ieiuath 2 aa, iaa?no
(neeaaenueeiai i?ei?uaiiy) ieiuath 442 i2 oa iai/ao?eooinoiaeua a?eiaiai
oeio ?ie?noth 440o a ianyc? 14,7 oeny/ a?eaaiue.

?yae iieiaeaiue aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe aeeeaaeaii a ioae?eaoe?yo, a oiio
/ene? o ni?aaaoi?noa?. Iniaenoi aaoi?ii ?ic?iaeaia iiaeaeue aeey
aecia/aiiy iaeanoae iaeiia’?iiino? ? ?icina?aaeaeaiino? aeeiiaiiy
aoae?aaeueii-iiioaaeieo ?ia?o, anoaiiaeai? /eiieee ?icaaeainiaaiino?
oaoiieia?/ieo iio?aa aoae?aaeueieo i?ioean?a ? oaoi?/ieo iiaeeeainoae
iaoei oa aecia/aia nenoaia ae?e aeey iii’yeoaiiy ?o aieeao aai onoiaiiy,
?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea oi?ioaaiiy caaaeueiiai aeey aoae?aaeueii? nenoaie
eiiieaeoo ci?iieo ?iai/eo i?aai?a, oaeineiiaeaii iaoaiaoe/io iiaeaeue
aecia/aiiy eiao?oe??ioo aeei?enoaiiy iaoei a /an?, aecia/ai? aoaie ?
iieacieee aeai?o aoaeoeaieo oaoiieia?e caaaeaiiy iaeiia’?iieo
aa?ii?iieneiaeo nii?oae ca aaoi?nueeei aeai?eoiii.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy ?iaioe aeiiia?aeaeenue ? noaaeai?
ia: iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo Ee?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oaoi?/iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo aoae?aieoeoaa ? a?o?oaeoo?e (EAeOOAA) o 1996-1998 ?ieao,
i?aeia?iaei?e iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e eiioa?aioe?? a oi?aa?neoao? Euea?anueea
iie?oaoi?ea o 1997?; iaoeiai-iaoiaee/ieo nai?ia?ao eaoaae?e oaoiieia??
aoae?aaeueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa EAeOOAA.

Ioae?eaoe??. Ca oaiith aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 10 ae?oeiaaieo ?ia?o (a
Oe?a?i? ? ca ei?aeiiii), a oiio /ene? aea? ?iaioe naiino?eii.

No?oeoo?a oa ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c? anooio, 4-o
?icae?e?a, caaaeueieo aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae c 104
iaeiaioaaiue; 6-oe aeiaeaoe?a; i?noeoue 129 noi??iie, 19 oaaeeoeue, 25
?enoie?a.

CI?NO ?IAIOE

O anooi? aea?oueny iaa?oiooaaiiy aeooaeueiino?, aenoaa?oueny ?iai/a
a?iioaca aeine?aeaeaiue ? ?o iaoa, aecia/athoueny iaoiaee oa iniiai?
caaea/?; iaaaaeai? iaoeia? oa i?aeoe/i? ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe.

Aeey ae??oaiiy ia?oi? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiue (aeea. noi?.2)
i?iaiae?ciaaii ?nioth/? oaoiieia?? caaaeaiiy ia?eo?a iaeiia?iieo ?
?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o oa iaoeia? aeine?aeaeaiiy c oeueiai ieoaiiy,
aeeeaaeai? a i?aoeyo ?yaeo a/aieo Oe?a?ie oa e?a?i NIA: i?ioani??a
A.N.Aaeeoeueeiai, TH.?.Aaeyeiaa, I.N.Aoaei?eiaa, I.O.Ae?oeiaaiiai,
N.?.Eaioi?a?a, ?.A.Eoeea, N.ss.Eooeeiai, A.A.I?ee?ia, A.A.?iae?iiiaa,
A.?.Oi?eaothea, N.A.Ooaoeueeiai, I.I.Oaaei?aiei, I.A.Oaaeiniai?,
A.E.*a?iaiei, A.E.Oeeiaa, eaiaeeaeao?a oaoi?/ieo iaoe ?.Ae.Aaciaeiai,
I.A.A?einoioeueeiai, A.N.Aaa?eeyea, A.A.Aieiniaa, I.O.In?iiaa,
TH.I.I?uaeaiei, A.A.?acoi?ea, ?.A.?iiaiooei, I.I.Nioe, I.A.O?ieiaa,
A.I.Oioea/iai?, E.N.*aaaiiaa, a oaeiae ca?oa?aeieo aaoi??a, ui
na?ae/aoue i?i ianooiia.

Ia nueiaiaei? noai?aia aeinoaoiuei a?oioiaia iaoeiai-iaoiaee/ia oa
aeia?aeeiaa aaca, yea caaacia/o? no/aniee ??aaiue ioe?iee ? i?iaeooaaiiy
ie?aieo neeaaeiaeo oaoiieia?e caaaeaiiy ia?eo?a iaeiia?iieo ?
?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o.

Iaeiae, ?aae?caoe?th oeueiai iiceoeaiiai iioaioe?aeo no?eio? iaaeinoaoiy
?ic?iaea iaoiaeieia?/ieo canaae ? iaoeiaiai iaa?oiooaaiiy ?aeeii?
nenoaie – oaoiieia?? caaaeaiiy iaeiia?iieo ? ?icina?aaeaeaieo ia?eo?a,
ye noia?iiai aaeoi?o, ui iioeiaeueii ocaaaeueith? eieaeuei? aoaeoeaiino?
neeaaeiaeo.

Ioe?iea noaoenoe/ieo aeaieo ii oi?ioaaiith iaeaoo caiiaeaiue ia
aoae?aieoeoai ia?eo?a ?c EIE AAO Oaieeoeueoaoiiioaae o 1993-1996??
iieacaea, ui iaea?eueoo ieoiio aaao (80% a?ae on?o caiiaeaiue)
neeaaeathoue o?e oeie ia’?eo?a: oaieeoe?, iai/ao?oeoinoiaeua oa
neeaaenuee? i?ei?uaiiy. Aei oiai ae ia? i?noea /?oea oaiaeaioe?y
c?inoaiiy iiieoo ia ia’?eoe iaaaeeeeo ia’?i?a: oaieeoe? ieiuath
0,05-0,15aa, a?eia? iai/ao?oeoinoiaeua ?ie?noth 440o, neeaaee
iiaeoeueiiai oeio ieiuath aei 450 i2.

Ae??oaiiyi ia?oi? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy anoaiiaeaii, ui aieiaiei
/eiieeii i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aeeiiaiiy iaeiia?iieo ?
?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o ? nei?i/aiiy ia?aaacoaaiue iaoei ii o?iioo ?ia?o.
Oea caaacia/o?oueny ?o oi?aa?naeueiei canoinoaaiiyi ia ie?aieo eiai
ae?eyieao ca ?aooiie iia?aoeaiiai ia?aiaeaaeiaiiy ci?iieie ?iai/eie
i?aaiaie.

Oiio aeey ae??oaii? ae?oai? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiue (aeea. noi?.2) ia
aac? ?acoeueoao?a aiae?co noaio ieoaiiy, anoaiiaeaieo iaoe ? caaea/, ca
ia’?eoe aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue (aacia? ia’?eoe) aoea ia?aia
a?oia nii?oae:

– neeaaenueea i?ei?uaiiy iiaeoeueiiai oeio c ?ici??aie a inyo
14,75o30,0i, – ia?eo ?1;

– ceiiaa a?oioiaa oaieeoey aeey oa?ia?nueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ieiuath
0,15aa – ia?eo ?2;

– a?eiaa iai/ao?oeoinoiaeua ?ie?noth 440o – ia?eo ?3.

I?iaaaeaia aenia?eiaioaeueia aeine?aeaeaiiy ai?iaeiaae 1996-1997?? ia
aac? NIIE Niaoeoaoiiioaae AAO A?iaa?en?eueaoae, aea?aeaaiiai ia?aeiaiiy
Oe?aa?ieaaeiino?oeoe?y, AAO Oaieeoeueoaoiiioaae iaei ia iao?
a?aene?aeeiaoaaiiy iniaeeainoae canoinoaaiiy OI a ?aaeueieo oiiaao
aeeiiaiiy ?icina?aaeaeaieo iaeeo ia’?i?a ?ia?o, a naia: caieyieo ?ia?o,
i?ioean?a ii aeaoooaaiith ooiaeaiaio?a, iiioaaeo iaoaeaaeo oa
iai?iaeaeoth/eo eiino?oeoe?e, aeaoooaaiith i?aeeiae, iaiaeono oa
a?aeiinoee.

Iaeii/anii o oiae? aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue anoaiiaeai? oae?
iniaeeaino? canoinoaaiiy aoae?aaeueieo iaaaioaaeoaa/?a o yeino?
oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei: i?eoaiaii?noue OI aeanoeaino? iniaeeai?
i?enoiniaoaaiino? aei no?oeoo?e ? aeeiai?ee cae?eniaiiy oaoiieia?/ieo
i?ioean?a; aecia/ai? iaoiaeaie oaoi?/iiai ii?ioaaiiy cia/aiiy iieaciee?a
aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o, ui a?aenooi? o ae?th/?e nenoai? ?aeeieo ii?i; i?aenoaae
? /eiieee aieeao ia aecia/aiiy neeaaeo eiiieaeo?a C?I.

Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aiae?co eiino?oeoeaieo ia?aiao??a oa oaoiieia?/ii?
no?oeoo?e aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o ?c caaaeaiiy aaciaeo ia’?eo?a aecia/aii
ia?aaeoiiae aeey aoaeoeaiiai aoae?aieoeoaa oeeo nii?oae OI c eiiieaeoii
C?I:

– aaeeea e?euee?noue (300-800 iaeeieoeue) aeaiaio?a iaei? iane:
iaoaeieiino?oeoe?e – a?ae 0,02 aei 53ea, cae?ciaaoiiieo eiino?oeoe?e –
a?ae 48 aei 215ea.

– iacia/ia iiioaaeia aenioa eiino?oeoe?e ea?eano ? iai?iae? – a?ae 1,5
aei 8,5i;

– ii??aiyii iacia/ia e?euee?noue oa iiiaieeaoo?a eiiieaenieo i?ioean?a
– a?ae 6 aei 17.

?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue oa aiae?co aieeao
no?oeoo?e ?ia?o ia neeaae eiiieaeoo cania?a iaoai?caoe?? iieacaee
a?aeiia?aei?noue (ia caaeia?eueiiio ??ai?) oaoi?/ieo iiaeeeainoae OI c
eiiieaeoaie C?I (na??eii aeionea?ieo ia Oe?a?i?) – AI?AEN-2625, IION-06
? IION-1200, oaoiieia?/iei aeiiaai ia?aieo aaciaeo ia?eo?a.

Ianooiiei e?ieii o i?iaaaeaii? aeine?aeaeaiiy aoei ciyooy iaaecia/aiino?
a ioe?ioe? oa?aeoa?o aoae?aaeueieo ?ia?o ca iciaeaie iaeiia?ii?noue ?
?icina?aaeaeai?noue, /ei aeinyaa?oueny ?iciaaeoaaiiy iaeanoae
aeioe?eueiiai canoinoaaiiy ia?o ca ana oi?aa?naeueieo ? niaoe?ae?ciaaieo
iaoei.

Iiaeeeaino? a iiaeaeueoiio /enaeueii aecia/aoe aeo?aei? oiiae
?aoe?iiaeueii? oaoiieia?? caaacia/othoueny iaoiaeeeith, ui a?oioo?oueny
ia cai?iiiiiaai?e o?ueio aei??i?e iiaeae? caeaaeiino? ia’?i?a ?ia?o,
a?aenoaiae ia?aaacoaaiiy oa i?eaaaeaieo aeo?ao (?en.1). Ia a?aei?io a?ae
aeaii??ii? iiaeae?, cai?iiiiiaaii? i?io. A.A.?aae?iiiaei, aiae?c o?ueio
aei??ii? iiaeae? aeiaiaeeoue, ui:

– aecia/aiiy iaeiia?ii?noue ? ?icina?aaeaeai?noue ia ? iaeiicia/ii
iia’ycaieie ? eiaeia cie?aia oa?aeoa?ecothoue iniaeea? oiiae aeeiiaiiy
?ia?o;

– i?e iaaieo oiiaao iiiyooy ?icina?aaeaeaiino? ao?a/a? nain ye /eiiee,
ui aieeaa? ia oaoiieia?th aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o;

– iaiaeiia?ii? ?iaioe iaeiicia/ii aeioe?eueii aeeiioaaoe
niaoe?ae?ciaaieie iaoeiaie;

– iaeanoth iaea?eueo aoaeoeaiiai canoinoaaiiy oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei ?
iaeiia?ii? ?icina?aaeaeai? ?iaioe;

– c iaeyaeo ia aoaeoeai?noue iaeiia?ii? cina?aaeaeai? ?iaioe
iiae?eythoueny ia oae?, ui ?o aeioe?eueii aeeiioaaoe oi?aa?naeueieie /e
niaoe?ae?ciaaieie iaoeiaie ? oae?, ui ca aeo?aeieie oiiaaie
ia?aaeaa/athoueny aei aeeiiaiiy c aeiiiiiaith ?o/iiai iaoai?ciaaiiai
?ino?oiaioo.

Aiae?c o?aaeeoe?eii? iaoiaeeee ?ic?iaee oaoiieia?e (o oi?i?
oaoiieia?/ieo iiaeaeae) cana?ae/ea, ui aeyaeai? a oiae? aeine?aeaeaiue
iniaeeaino? canoinoaaiiy oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei ia a?aoiaothoueny, /ei ?
iao-iiaeth?oueny a?aenooi?noue ea?iaaiino? caeo/aiiyi iioaioe?eieo
iiaeeeainoae OI o i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aeeiiaiiy iaeiia?iieo
?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o. ?? oaeineiiaeaiiy ni?e/eieei iio?aao a
?ic?iaoe? aeai?eoio oi?ioaaiiy oaoiieia?? caaaeaiiy eieaeueiiai ia’?eoo
(aaciai? oaoiieia??), ui aeicaiey? /anoeiai caeo/eoe iaaeei?enoiaoaai?
iiaeeeaino? oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei.

Noai?aiiy oaoiieia?/ieo iiaeaeae caaaeaiiy ie?aieo aenia?eiaioaeueieo
ia’?eo?a ca icia/aiei aeai?eoiii ? ?o iiaeaeueoa ni?anoaaeaiiy c
?ao?iniaeoeaieie iiaeaeyie ?aaeueiiai aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o ia ieo aeiaaei, ui
a?aooaaiiy iniaeeainoae canoinoaaiiy oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei aeicaiey? ca
?aooiie ciaioaiiy i?inoi?a iaoei nei?ioeoe oa?i?i aoae?aieoeoaa ia 1-2%,
nia?aa?o?noue ?ia?o ia 1,5-2,0%, ca?eueoeoe eiao?oe??io aeei?enoaiiy
iaoei o /an? ia 8-12%.

Oaeiae anoaiiaeaii, ui:

– ia? i?noea iii?oia ?icaaeainiaai?noue oaoiieia?/ieo iio?aa ? oaoi?/ieo
iiaeeeainoae, yea aecia/a?oueny iaeii/aniith iayai?noth i?inoi?a iaoeie
? iaiao?aei?noth aeeiiaiiy a?o/io ?ia?o, ui iioaioe?eii i?ecia/ai? aei
iaoai?caoe??;

– oaeoi? ?icina?aaeaeaiino? ia ie?aieo ia’?eoao ia aieeaa? nooo?ai ia
aoaeoeai?noue aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o, ine?eueee ia?aaacoaaiiy cae?eniththoueny
ia iacia/i? a?aenoai? a iaaeao aoae?aaeueieo iaeaeai/ee?a,

oiaoi iioaioe?ei? iiaeeeaino? i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aeeiiaiiy
iaeiia?iieo ?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o ?c canoinoaaiiyi oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei
i?e eieaeueiiio caaaeaii? ia’?eo?a iiai?noth ia ?aae?cothoueny.

Aeiaeaeaiith oeyo?a ?o caeo/aiiy o ae?iaieoeoai ?ia?o i?aeii?yaeeiaaia
ae??oaiiy o?aouei? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiue (aeea. noi?.2) (?en.2).

Ooo anoaiiaeai? /eiieee niiioaiii? ?icaaeainiaaiino? oaoiieia?/ieo
iio?aa aoae?aaeueieo i?ioean?a ? oaoi?/ieo iiaeeeainoae iaoei. Ia
i?ioeaaao iei aecia/ai? ae??, ui aeicaieythoue aa?iii?coaaoe
aoae?aaeueio nenoaio (iiiaeeia ia’?eo?a – iiiaeeia caoiae?a
iaoai?caoe??), a naia:

– ?aaoethaaiiy oa?i?i?a ii/aoeo ?ia?o;

– noi?uaiiy i?inoi?a o?iioo ?ia?o ia iaeieo ia’?eoao c i?inoiyie iaoei
ia ?ioeo;

– iaa?oiooaaiiy aeioe?eueiino? ia?aaacoaaiue ye aeueoa?iaoeae
ca?eueoaiith e?eueeino? iaoei; ?aca?aoaaiiy iaoei.

?o canoinoaaiiy caeo/a? a ocaiaeaeaiiy oaoiieia?/ieo iio?aa
aoae?aaeueieo i?ioean?a ? oaoi?/ieo iiaeeeainoae iaoei aeiaeaoeia?
/eiieee – ae?eyiee o?iio?a ?ia?o, iai?iaeoeoeaii aeei?enoiaoaai?
oaoi?/i? iiaeeeaino? o oi?i? i?inoi?a iaoeie, a iniaeeai – nei?i/aiiy
e?eueeino? ia?aaacoaaiue

iaoei ii o?iioo ?ia?o. Anoaiiaeai? ca iane?aeeaie aenia?eiaiooaaiiy c
aa??aioaie oaoiieia?/ieo iiaeaeae e?eoa??? aeioe?eueiino?, aca?iiee
aieea /eiiee?a, ii?yaeie ? iine?aeiai?noue ae?e ocaiaeaeaiiy iio?aa
aoae?aaeueieo i?ioean?a ? iiaeeeainoae iaoei iaa?oiooaaee ? aecia/eee
iaoiaeieia?/iee iaoai?ci ?ic?iaee oaoiieia?e caaaeaiiy a?oie ia’?eo?a
iaeiia?iieo ? ?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o, ui ciaeoia nai? ao?eaiiy o
a?aeiia?aei?e noai? (?en.3). ?aae?caoe?y inoaiiuei? aeicaieeea
caaacia/eoe i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? caaaeaiiy a?oie ia’?eo?a ?c EIE ii
oaeei iieacieeai: ?ic?aooieiaee oa?i?i caaaeaiiy ia’?eo?a nei?ioeany a
na?aaeiueiio ia 15-20%, i?eaaaeai? aeo?aoe ciaioeeenue ia 20-25%,
eiao?oe??io aeei?enoaiiy iaoei a /an? ca?eueoeany ia 22-27%. Aiae?c
canoinoaaiiy icia/aiiai aeai?eoio aeiaeaoeiai aeia?a, ui ia?ao?ae a?ae
aaciaeo aei nenoaiieo oaoiieia?e oyaia ca niaith iiaeeea?noue ci?uaiiy
iaae iaeanoae ?ia?o ca iciaeaie iaeiia?iiino? ? ?icina?aaeaeaiino?.

’’

’’

’’

’’

’’

’’

’’

’’

?en.2. Iine?aeiai?noue ?ic?iaee oaoiieia?? caaaeaiiy iaeiia’?iieo
nii?oae ?c eaaeeo iaoaeaaeo eiino?oeoe?e.

?en. 3. Noaia iine?aeiaiino? ?ic?iaee oaoiieia?e caaaeaiiy nenoaie
ia’?eo?a iaeiia?iieo ? ?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o.

Aeey iieaaoaiiy ocaiaeaeaiiy oaoi?/ieo iiaeeeainoae nenoaie ia’?eo?a c
?? oaoiieia?/ieie iio?aaaie ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea oi?ioaaiiy
a?aeiia?aeiiai caaaeueiiai aeey nenoaie eiiieaeoo C?I, yea ia?aaeaa/a?
cae?eniaiiy:

– aecia/aiiy oaoiieia?/ii? no?oeoo?e ia’?eo?a ca no?oeoo?ith eiiieaenieo
i?ioean?a;

– ?ic/eaioaaiiy eiiieaenieo i?ioean?a ia i?ino? c o?aooaaiiyi
?iaeea?aeoaeueieo iniaeeainoae aaciaeo nii?oae ?c EIE;

– aecia/aiiy o?eaaeino? aeeiiaiiy i?inoeo i?ioean?a aeey ie?aieo
(aaciaeo) ia’?eo?a o a?aenioeao a?ae caaaeueiiai oa?i?io ?o caaaeaiiy;

– aecia/aiiy oei?a ci?iieo ?iai/eo i?aai?a, iaiao?aeieo aeey aeeiiaiiy
eiaeiiai i?inoiai i?ioeano;

– aecia/aiiy ia?aiao??a ie?aieo C?I oa ?ic?aooiie iaiao?aeii? e?eueeino?
iaeii?iaiieo C?I.

Oaoiieia?/ia iiaeaethaaiiy canoinoaaiiy oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei
a?oioo?oueny ia ii??aiyii? i?iaiiciaaieo iieaciee?a aoaeoeaiino?
?aae?caoe?? aa??aio?a i?eeiyoeo ??oaiue c aeeiiaiiy iaeiia?iieo ?
?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o. Oea iio?aaoaaei aaeaioaoe?? iaoiaeieia??
?ic?aooie?a aeiiii?/iiai aoaeoo a?ae canoinoaaiiy oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei
ia aeeiiaii? oaeeo ?ia?o, ui ? neeaei ci?no ae??oaiiy /aoaa?oi? caaea/?
(aeea. noi?.2).

Iaee?auei ca oiiaaie i?iaaaeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy oaoiieia?/iei ??oaiiyi
aaaaea?oueny oaea, ui caaacia/o? iaea?eueoa iaaeeaeaiiy aaniethoieo
cia/aiue iieaciee?a oaoiieia?/ieo iio?aa ? oaoi?/ieo iiaeeeainoae.
Ine?eueee oe? iio?aae ? iiaeeeaino? iani?aaae? aecia/athoueny aaeeeith
e?euee?noth iieaciee?a ? iaeeieoeue ?o aei??o, oi i?yia ?o ni?anoaaeaiiy
noa? i?aeoe/ii iaiiaeeeaei. Canoinoaaiiy a oeueiio ?ac? o?aaeeoe?eieo
iaoiae?a ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? ca e?eueeiia e?eoa??yie aeyaeei ?o
iaiaeiicia/i?noue oa a?aenooi?noue aii?iiaaiiai (aai oi/ aiioeaiaaiiai)
aaciaiai ??aiy ioe?iee aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino?. Oiio aeieeea
iaiao?aei?noue aaeaioaoe?? iaoiaeieia?? ?ic?aooie?a aeiiii?/iiai aoaeoo.
Aeo?aeieie ?? oiiaaie i?eeiyoi, ui: caaaeueiee iieaciee oaoiieia?/ieo
iio?aa aecia/aiiai o?iioo ?ia?o caeeoa?oueny noaeei o ia?aa?ao anueiai
oa?i?io aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o; iaea?eueo aoaeoeaiei aaaaea?oueny aa??aio
??oaiiy, ca yeei i?e caaeiaieaii? oaoiieia?/ieo iio?aa ii i?i?ioio
i?inoi?a o?iioo ?ia?o niinoa??aa?oueny ? i?i?ioi i?eaaaeaieo aeo?ao.
Aecia/a?oueny oaeee aa??aio ca aaoi?nueeei aeai?eoiii, yeee a?aoiao?
iiaeeea?noue aeai?o iiaeaeae OI, ?o e?eueeino? oa niiniao aeei?enoaiiy.

Oei naiei caaacia/o?oueny ci?uaiiy i??i?eoaoo a?ae oi?aae?iiy
aeiiii?/iith aoaeoeai?noth ye iane?aeeii aei noeioethaaiiy oi?aae?iiy
oaoi?/iith aoaeoeai?noth ye /eiieeii. Oiaoi, aoaeoeai?noue canoinoaaiiy
oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei o iaeiia?iiiio ?icina?aaeaeaiiio aoae?aieoeoa?
i?aeaeuo?oueny oeyoii a?eueo iiaiiai caeo/aiiy iioaioe?eieo oaoi?/ieo
iiaeeeainoae o aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o ia an?o aoaiao i?aeaioiaee ? cae?eniaiiy
oaoiieia?/ieo i?ioean?a.

Aaeaeaaoi?noue ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? oaoiieia?e canoinoaaiiy OI caoiaeai
?? i?aeaeuaiiy caaacia/o?oueny oaeineiiaeaiith iaoaiaoe/iith iiaeaeeth
eiao?oe??ioo aeei?enoaiiy oi?aa?naeueii? iaoeie a /an? Ea.

Ca iath:

a) aeey aeiaaee?a aeeiiaiiy oi?aa?naeueiith iaoeiith iaeiiai aeaeo ?ia?o
(aai e?eueeio iaeiei ?iai/ei i?aaiii):

1

Ea,j =

1 + Ici,i /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 Qim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 Ln / V +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 /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,m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a) aeey aeiaaee?a aeeiiaiiy oi?aa?naeueiith iaoeiith ??cieo aeae?a ?ia?o
??cieie ?iai/eie i?aaiaie:

1

Ea,j =

1 +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(Ici,i / Qim )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 Ln / V +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 lmn /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,?m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aea, ? – aeae ?ia?o, 1 ? ?;

m – ina?aaeee cina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o ?-ai aeaeo 1 m M ia n-io ia’?eo?,
1 n N;

j – aeae ci?iiiai ?iai/iai i?aaio, 1 j J;

Ici – ci?iia aenieoaoaoe?eia i?iaeoeoeai?noue iaoeie c j-m aeaeii
ci?iiiai ?iai/iai i?aaio i?e oiia? cina?aaeaeaiiai o?iioo ?ia?o;

Qim – ia’?i ?-ai aeaeo ?ia?o a m-io ina?aaeeo cina?aaeaeaiiy;

Ln – a?aenoaiue ia?anoaaiiy i?ae n-oei ? iiia?aaei?i ia’?eoaie, ia yeo
iiaeiia ia?ai?noeoenue iaoeia aeey aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o;

– na?aaeiy oaeaee?noue ia?anoaaiiy iaoeie i?ae ia’?eoaie;

lm – a?aenoaiue i?ae ina?aaeeaie ianya?a aeae?a ?ia?o a iaaeao
aoae?aaeueiiai iaeaeai/eeo;

– na?aaeiy oaeaee?noue ia?anoaaiiy iaoeie i?ae ina?aaeeaie ia’?i?a
?ia?o a iaaeao aoae?aaeueiiai iaeaeai/eeo;

tIC,m – o?eaae?noue i?aeaioia/i-caeeth/ieo iia?aoe?e, iia’ycaieo c
i?aeaioiaeith aei ia?ai?uaiiy ? ?iaioe iaoeie a iaaeao aoae?aaeueiiai
iaeaeai/eeo;

im – /an, iaiao?aeiee aeey cai?ie ?iai/eo i?aai?a.

A ?ac? io?eiaiiy caaeia?eueiiai cia/aiiy Ea, ui na?ae/eoue i?i
aeei?enoaiiy iayaieo oaoi?/ieo iiaeeeainoae ? caeeoeo iacaaeiaieaieo
oaoiieia?/ieo iio?aa aeieea? iaiao?aei?noue caeo/aiiy aeiaeaoeiaeo
oaoi?/ieo iiaeeeainoae ca?eueoaiiyi e?eueeino? aaciaeo iaoei aai
aeei?enoaiiyi ?aca?aieo iaoei.

CAAAEUeI? AENIIAEE

1. Aiae?c aeina?aeo aeeiiaiiy iaeiia?iieo ? ?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o
cana?ae/ea, ui oaoiieia?? ?o aeeiiaiiy ia ia’?eoao ?c EIE i???ioothoueny
ia?aaaaeii ia aeei?enoaiiy oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei. I?ioa, iaaeinoaoi?
oe?eani?yiiaaia aeine?aeaeaiiy ? iaoiaeieia?/ia caaacia/aiiy
canoinoaaiiy oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei o ?ic?iaoe? a?aeiia?aeieo oaoiieia?e
aaeueio? i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aeeiiaiiy iaeiia?iieo ?
?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o, ui ciaoiaeeoue nai? a?aeia?aaeaiiy a i?inoiyo
iaoei ? o?iio?a ?ia?o o aecia/aieo aeine?aeaeaiiyi ianyaao.

2. Cai?iiiiiaaia iiaeaeue e?euee?niiai aecia/aiiy iaae iaeiia?iiino? ?
?icina?aaeaeaiino? aeicaiey? aecia/eoe iaeano? aeioe?eueiiai
aeei?enoaiiy oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei a oaoiieia?yo aeeiiaiiy iaeiia?iieo ?
?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o.

3. ?ic?iaeaiee aeai?eoi iine?aeiaiino? iiaoaeiae oaoiieia?/ieo iiaeaeae,
ui aeicaiey? /anoeiai caeo/eoe a oaoiieia?yo caaaeaiiy eieaeueieo
ia’?eo?a (iaeiiiiaa?oiaeo aa?ii?iieneiaeo nii?oae ?c EIE) ia
aeei?enoiaoaai? iiaeeeaino? oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei. Aeyaeaii, ui caeo/aiiy
iaaeei?enoiaoaaieo iiaeeeainoae oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei o iaea?eueo?e i???
caaacia/o?oueny i?e oiia? ?ic?iaee ? cae?eniaiiy oaoiieia?? iaeii/aniiai
caaaeaiiy nenoaie ia’?eo?a oeyoii ?aae?caoe?? cai?iiiiiaaiiai a ?iaio? ?
aenia?eiaioaeueii ia?aa??aiiai aeai?eoio iine?aeiaiino? ?ic?iaee
a?aeiia?aeieo oaoiieia?e, /ei caaacia/o?oueny nei?i/aiiy oa?i?i?a
caaaeaiiy ia’?eo?a ia 10-12%, i?aeaeuaiiy eiao?oe??ioo aeei?enoaiiy
iaoei a /an? ia 18-20%, cieaeaiiy i?eaaaeaieo aeo?ao ia 12-14%.

4. Aeiaaaeaii, ui iineeaiiy aieeao iieacieea aeei?enoaiiy oi?aa?naeueieo
iaoei a /an? ia ioe?ieo aoaeoeaiino? ?o canoinoaaiiy oa ci?uaiiy
i??i?eoaoo a?ae oi?aae?iiy aeiiii?/iith aoaeoeai?noth aei noeioethaaiiy
oi?aae?iiy oaoi?/iith aoaeoeai?noth ooai?ththoue iaoiaeieia?/i? canaaee
i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? oaoiieia?e caaaeaiiy ia’?eo?a iaeiia?iieo ?
?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o.

5. I?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue aecia/a?oueny ai?iaaaeaeaiiyi ?acoeueoao?a
aeine?aeaeaiue: o ae?iaieoeoai – i?aeaioiaeo aoae?aieoeoaa ia’?eo?a ?c
eaaeeo iaoaeaaeo eiino?oeoe?e a i?ae?icae?eao AeI
Oe?aa?ieaaeiino?oeoe?y, AI Aa?eaacno?ie (?in?y); o iaoeia?
aeine?aeaeaiiy – aeei?enoaiiy i?e aeeiiaii? eaoaae?ith OAA EAeOOAA
aea?aeathaeaeaoii? oaie Aaeineiiaeaiiy oaoiieia?? nii?oaeaeaiiy
aoae?aaeue ? nii?oae a oiiaao ?icina?aaeaeaiiai aoae?aieoeoaa (caiiaiee
– I?i?noa?noai ina?oe Oe?a?ie). Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a
aeine?aeaeaiue caaacia/eei nei?i/aiiy oa?i?i?a aoae?aieoeoaa
iaeiiiiaa?oiaeo aa?ii?iieneiaeo nii?oae ?c eaaeeo iaoaeaaeo eiino?oeoe?e
aei 19%, ui iaoiiaeei io?eiaiiy oaeoe/iiai aeiiii?/iiai aoaeoo i?e
aoae?aieoeoa? ceiiaeo a?oioiaeo oaieeoeue ieiuath 2 aa, iaa?no
(neeaaenueeiai i?ei?uaiiy) ieiuath 442 i2 oa iai/ao?oeoinoiaeua a?eiaiai
oeio ?ie?noth 440o a noi? 14,7 oeny/ a?eaaiue ? iaa?oiooaaei
aeinoia??i?noue i/?eoaaiiai aoaeoo a ianyc? 127 oeny/ a?eaaiue.

Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaai? a oaeeo ?iaioao:

1. Aaoa?aa I.A. Iniaeeaino? aeei?enoaiiy oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei i?e
caaaeaii? iaeiia?iieo ?icina?aaeaeaieo ia?eo?a ?c eaaeeo iaoaeaaeo
eiino?oeoe?e // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue Oeyoe i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
aoae?aieoeoaa a oiiaao oi?ioaaiiy ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei – Aeione 3 – Ee?a:
EAeOOAA. – 1998.-N.171-175.

2. *aaaiia E.N.,O?ieia I.A.., Aaoa?aa I.A. Aecia/aiiy iaeano?
iaeiia?iieo ?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue Oeyoe
i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aoae?aieoeoaa a oiiaao oi?ioaaiiy ?eieiaeo
a?aeiinei – Aeione 3 – Ee?a: EAeOOAA. – 1998.-N.92-96.

3. *aaaiia E.N., Aaoa?aa I.A. Oaoiieia?y caaaeaiiy iaeiia’?iieo
?icina?aaeaeaieo ia’?eo?a c aeei?enoaiiyi oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei //
Aoae?aieoeoai Oe?a?ie, – 1997. – ?6 – N. 27-31.

4. E.N.*aaaiia, A.I.?oiaieia, I.A.O?ieia, I.E.Oeo??i, A.A.*aio?iee,
I.A.Aaoa?aa. Aaeineiiaeaiiy oaoiieia?? caaaeaiiy iiaeo oaieeoeue oeio
Aaiei // Aoae?aieoeoai Oe?a?ie, – 1998. – ?2 – N. 30-33.

5. *aaaiia E.N., A?einoioeueeeeI.A., Ooaa?aaA.I, Aaoa?aa I.A. niiniae
aecia/aiiy iaeiia’?iieo ?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o o aoae?aieoeoa? //
Aoae?aieoeoai Oe?a?ie, – 1998. – ?1 – N. 41-43.

6. *aaaiia E.N., Aaoaaaa I.A. Ioeaiea iaeiiau?iiinoe e
?ann?aaeioi/aiiinoe no?ieoaeueiuo ?aaio // Iaoaiecaoeey no?ieoaeuenoaa,
– 1998. – ? 12 – N. 11-13.

7. Aaoaaaa I.A. Oieaa?naeueiua iaoeiu a naeueneii no?ieoaeuenoaa //
Naeueneia no?ieoaeuenoai, – 1997. – ? 10 – N. 44.

8. *aaaiia E.N., A?einoioeueeee I.A., Ooaa?aa A.I., Aaoa?aa I.A., Ia?’yi
I.?. I?i ioe?ieo ?icina?aaeaeaiino? iaeiia’?iieo ?ia?o // Ca??iee
iaoeiaeo noaoae I?iaeaie oai??? ? i?aeoeee aoae?aieoeoaa – Oii 3 –
Euea?a: Euea?anueea iie?oaoi?ea. – 1997.-N.3-7.

9. ?oaeaiei A.A., O?ieia I.A., ?eeia I.A., Aaoa?aa I.A. Aaeineiiaeaiiy
oaoiieia?? caaaeaiiy ceiiaeo oaieeoeue // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo noaoae
I?iaeaie oai??? ? i?aeoeee aoae?aieoeoaa – Oii 3 – Euea?a: Euea?anueea
iie?oaoi?ea. – 1997.-N.39-43.

10. I?eiaiaiea e?aeeo iaoaeee/aneeo eiino?oeoeee a no?ieoaeuenoaa
iaeiiyoaaeiuo i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo caeaiee / *aaaiia E.N., Aaeinoioeeee
I.A., Iaeneiaiei A.A., Aeuoeaaue E.A., Ia?ueyi I.A., ?ueia A.A., Aaoaaaa
I.A.; Eeaa ain. oaoi. oi-o no?-aa e a?oeoaeoo?u – Eeaa, -1996-51n.-
?on.- Aeai. A AIOA Oe?aeiu 15.12.97, ?633-Oe97.

AIIOAOe?ss

Aaoa?aa I.A. Oaoiieia?y caaaeaiiy iaeiia’?iieo aa?ii?iieneiaeo nii?oae
?c eaaeeo iaoaeaaeo eiino?oeoe?e. – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 05.23.08 – oaoiieia?y i?iieneiaiai oa oeea?eueiiai
aoae?aieoeoaa. – Ee?anueeee aea?aeaaiee oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao
aoae?aieoeoaa ? a?o?oaeoo?e, Ee?a, 1998.

Aeena?oaoe?th i?enay/aii ieoaiiyi aaeineiiaeaiiy oaoiieia?? caaaeaiiy
ia’?eo?a iaeiia?iieo ? ?icina?aaeaeaieo ?ia?o ia canaaeao a?eueo
?aoe?iiaeueiiai canoinoaaiiy oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei c eiiieaeoii ci?iieo
?iai/eo i?aai?a. ?ic?iaeaia iiaeaeue e?euee?niiai aecia/aiiy iaeano?
?aoe?iiaeueiiai aeei?enoaiiy oi?aa?naeueieo iaoei, aeai?eoi
iine?aeiaiino? ?ic?iaee oa aeai?o aoaeoeaieo oaoiieia?e caaaeaiiy
iaeiiiiaa?oiaeo aa?ii?iieneiaeo nii?oae ?c eaaeeo iaoaeaaeo
eiino?oeoe?e. Aeei?enoaiiy io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a aeicaiey? nei?ioeoe
o?eaae?noue ? aa?o?noue caaaeaiiy oaeeo ia’?eo?a.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: iaeiia’?ii?noue, ?icina?aaeaeai?noue, eaae? iaoaeaa?
eiino?oeoe??, i?aai?caoe?eii-oaoiieia?/i? ??oaiiy, oi?aa?naeuei? iaoeie.

AIIIOAOeEss

Aaoaaaa I.A. Oaoiieiaey aicaaaeaiey iaeiiau?iiuo aa?ii?iiuoeaiiuo
nii?oaeaiee ec e?aeeo iaoaeee/aneeo eiino?oeoeee. – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/?iie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa oaoie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 05.23.08 – oaoiieiaey i?iiuoeaiiiai e a?aaeaeaineiai
no?ieoaeuenoaa. – Eeaaneee ainoaea?noaaiiue oaoie/aneee oieaa?neoao
no?ieoaeuenoaa e a?oeoaeoo?u, Eeaa, 1998.

Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia aii?inai niaa?oainoaiaaiey oaoiieiaee
aicaaaeaiey iauaeoia iaeiiau?iiuo e ?ann?aaeioi/aiiuo ?aaio ioo?i aieaa
?aoeeiiaeueiiai eniieueciaaiey oieaa?naeueiuo iaoei n eiiieaeoii nu?iiuo
?aai/eo i?aaiia. ?ac?aaioaia iiaeaeue eiee/anoaaiiiai ii?aaeaeaiey
iaeanoe yooaeoeaiiai eniieueciaaiey oieaa?naeueiuo iaoei, aeai?eoi
iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe ?ac?aaioee e auai?a iaeaieaa yooaeoeaiuo oaoiieiaee
aicaaaeaiey iaeiiyoaaeiuo i?iiuoeaiiuo nii?oaeaiee ec e?aeeo
iaoaeee/aneeo eiino?oeoeee. Eniieueciaaiea iieo/aiiuo ?acoeueoaoia
iicaieyo nie?aoeoue n?iee e noieiinoue aicaaaeaiey oaeeo iauaeoia.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: iaeiiau?iiinoue, ?ann?aaeioi/aiiinoue, e?aeea
iaoaeee/aneea eiino?oeoeee, i?aaiecaoeeiiii-oaoiieiae/aneea ?aoaiey,
oieaa?naeueiua iaoeiu.

SUMMARY

Bakhayeva O. The Technology of Building of Small-volume Constructions of
Light Metallic Structures for Agrarian Industry.

Thesis for the competition of Master of the Science in Technology
degree in specialty 05.23.08 – The Technology of Industrial and Civil
Building, Kyiv State Technical University Construction and Architecture,
Kyiv, 1998.

The dissertation is devoted to improve the technology of building same
objects, which have many small-volume and disperse works. The key to
improve is more perfect using universal machine, which have replaceable
equipment. The model quantitative fix of the field of universal machine
reason apply is elaborated. The algorithm of logic elaboration and
choice the most effective technological solutions for building one-floor
constructions of light metallic structures for agrarian industry is
pointed. Using this results permits to reduce the cost and time of
building that objects.

Key words: small-volume, disperse, light metallic structures, organizing
technological solutions, universal machines.

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