.

Формування механізму стратегічного управління великими виробничо-фінансовими системами промисловості: Автореф. дис… д-ра екон. наук / Г.В. Козаченко

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IAOe?IIAEUeIA AEAAeAI?ss IAOE OE?A?IE

?INOEOOO AEIIII?EE I?IIENEIAINO?

OAeE 38.24+658.152+336.647/.648

EICA*AIEI AAIIA AIEIAeEIE??AIA

OI?IOAAIIss IAOAI?CIO NO?AOAA?*IIAI

OI?AAE?IIss AAEEEEIE AE?IAIE*I-

O?IAINIAEIE NENOAIAIE I?IIENEIAINO?

Niaoe?aeuei?noue 08.07.01- Aeiiii?ea i?iieneiaino?

A A O I ? A O A ? A O

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

aeieoi?a aeiiii?/ieo iaoe

Aeiiaoeuee – 1998

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?th aeeiiaii o No?aeiioe?a?inueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao?
I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie (i.Eoaainuee).

Iaoeiaee eiinoeueoaio – aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,

/eai-ei?aniiiaeaio IAI Oe?a?ie

Aiioa Ieaenaiae? ?aaiiae/,

?inoeooo aeiiii?ee i?iieneiaino?

IAI Oe?a?ie, aee?aeoi?.

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?

I?ieiiaiei Ieeiea Aeieo?iae/,

?inoeooo aeiiii?ee i?iieneiainoe IAI Oe?a?ie,

caa?aeoaa/ a?aeae?eo i?iaeai ?aa?iiaeueii? aeiiii?ee

(i. Aeiiaoeuee);

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?

sseiae?a Aiaoie?e ?aaiiae/,

Oa?e?anueeee aea?aeaaiee iie?oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao

I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e

aeiiii?ee oa ia?eaoeiao (i. Oa?e?a);

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?

I?eia Ie?aa? Ieaen?eiae/,

Oaoiieia?/iee oi?aa?neoao Iiae?eey I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie,
caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e aeiiii?ee oa iaiaaeaeiaioo

(i.Oiaeueieoeueeee).

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa – Iaeanueeee aea?aeaaiee aeiiii?/iee oi?aa?neoao
I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie, eaoaae?a aeiiii?ee ? i?aai?caoe??
i?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa oa eaoaae?a ?aa?iiaeueii? aeiiii?ee ?
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa ( i.Iaeana).

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “ 5 ” eenoiiaaea 1998 ?. i 14 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 11.151.01 a ?inoeooo?
aeiiii?ee i?iieneiaino? IAI Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 340048,
Aeiiaoeuee-48, aoe. Oi?aa?neoaonueea, 77.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo aeiiii?ee
i?iieneiaino? IAI Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 340048, Aeiiaoeuee-48, aoe.
Oi?aa?neoaonueea, 77.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee ” 3 ” aeiaoiy 1998 ?ieo.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
Iieeiinueeee O.TH.

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Aeiiii?/i? ia?aoai?aiiy, cai?iaaaeaeai? a Oe?a?i? o
ca’yceo ?c ia?aoiaeii aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei, ioiieththoue on? noa?e
ainiiaea?nueeiai iaoai?cio iaoe?iiaeueii? aeiiii?ee. Iinooiiaee ia?ao?ae
aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei iio?aao? ye?niiai ia?aoai?aiiy ?nioth/eo
i?aai?caoe?eieo no?oeoo?, noai?aiiy iiaeo oa oi?ioaaiiy i?aeoiae?a aei
oi?aae?iiy oaeeie no?oeoo?aie.

I?aai?caoe?ei? no?oeoo?e i?iieneiaino? caniiaothoueny ia ia’?aeiaii? ca
iaaieie iciaeaie noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy ??cieo oei?a aeaniino?, ui
ooieoe?iiothoue o ??ciiiai?oieo i?aai?caoe?eii-i?aaiaeo oi?iao. A
aeiiii?oe? aaei?i?no?aoeaii-oeaio?ae?ciaaiiai oeio i?aai?caoe?ei?
no?oeoo?e ainiiaea?thaaiiy noai?thaaeeny caeaa?eueoiai ye ia’?aeiaiiy
i?aei?e?inoa ia aac? ae?iaie/i-oaoi?/ieo e?eoa???a, ui ? ni?e/eieei
iiyao oaeeo i?aai?caoe?eieo no?oeoo?, ye aaeocaaa i?i?noa?noai,
ae?iaie/a oa iaoeiai-ae?iaie/a ia’?aeiaiiy, eiia?iaoe, o?anoe. O
?eieia?e aeiiii?oe? i?aai?caoe?ei? no?oeoo?e ainiiaea?thaaiiy
ooai?ththoueny ? ia aac? ?ioeo e?eoa???a, oaeeo, ye
i?aai?caoe?eii-i?aaia? oa o?iainiai-aeiiii?/i?. A oe?a?inuee?e
aeiiii?oe? aaea c’yaeythoueny noai?ai? ia aac? oaeeo e?eoa???a iia?
i?aai?caoe?ei? no?oeoo?e, ye iai?eeeaae, aea?aeaai? aeoe?iia?i?
eiiiai??, oieaeeiae, eiioea?ie, i?iieneiai-o?iainia? a?oie.

Aiane?aeie ia’?aeiaiiy noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy ca
ae?iaie/i-oaoi?/ieie, i?aai?caoe?eii-i?aaiaeie oa o?iainiai-aeiiii?/ieie
e?eoa??yie a i?iieneiaino? ooai?ththoueny aaeee? ae?iaie/i-o?iainia?
nenoaie (AAON), ooieoe?iioaaiiy yeeo ia? oe?eee ?yae ia?aaaa ii??aiyii c
iaeeie/ieie i?aei?e?inoaaie: iioe?th?oueny aaca eai?oaeo, iie?ioo?oueny
oi?aae?iiy, c’yaey?oueny iiaeeea?noue ?aoe?iiaeueiiai ?iaanooaaiiy
eioo?a, iioe?th?oueny ?eiie caooo oiaa??a ? iaea?aeaiiy iaoa??aeueieo
?ano?n?a, ia’?aeiothoueny eiooe ia i?iaaaeaiiy iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo
?ia?o i?eeeaaeiiai oa?aeoa?o.

Ia?aaaae aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai iiaeooue aooe o iiai?e i???
?aae?ciaai? o oiio aeiaaeeo, eiee ?ic?iaeaii ?aoe?iiaeueio nenoaio
oi?aae?iiy oaeeie nenoaiaie, yea a?aoiao? iniaeeaino? no?oeoo?ii?
i?aai?caoe??, ui caaacia/o? i?aai?/ia ii?aeiaiiy ?ioa?an?a ye an???
nenoaie a oe?eiio, oae ? eiaeii? ?? no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe? oa
caaeainiaaiee ?oi?e ?icaeoie, iacaeaaeii a?ae nooiaith ?oiuei?
ainiiaea?nueei? naiino?eiino?. O ca’yceo c oeei i?iaeaia oi?ioaaiiy
iaoai?cio oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie
i?iieneiaino? oa ie?aieie aniaeoaie ?oiuei? ae?yeueiino? aeiaaa? naiai
oai?aoe/iiai ia??oiooaaiiy ? i?aeoe/iiai ??oaiiy.

Aoaeoeaiei iaoiaeii oi?aae?iiy ae?yeuei?noth aaeeeeo aeiiii?/ieo nenoai
o ?eieiaeo oiiaao ainiiaea?thaaiiy ? no?aoaa?/ia oi?aae?iiy, i?eioeeie
oa niiniae yeiai ?icaeyioo? e iaea?aeaee cia/iee ?icaeoie o i?aoeyo
ca?oa?aeieo a/aieo, na?aae yeeo ia?aaaaa iaeaaeeoue a/aiei NOA.

Iacaaaeath/e ia aenieee ??aaiue oa ??ciiiai?oi?noue ca?oa?aeieo
aeine?aeaeaiue c ieoaiue no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy, i?eaaaeai? a
ca?oa?aei?e e?oa?aoo?? iieiaeaiiy uiaei i?aai?caoe?? no?aoaa?/iiai
oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie aeiiii?/ieie nenoaiaie iaa?yae /e iiaeia
aeei?enoiaoaaoe o iaci?iiiio aeae? aiane?aeie cia/ieo a?aei?iiinoae
oe?a?inueei? aeiiii?ee a?ae aeiiii?ee ?icaeiooeo o i?iieneiaiio
a?aeiioaii? ca?oa?aeieo e?a?i. Aeei?enoaiiy ?acoeueoao?a, ye? aoee
iaea?aeai? ca?oa?aeieie a/aieie a aaeoc? no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy, aac
a?aeiia?aeii? aaeaioaoe?? aei oiia oe?a?inueei? aeiiii?ee, aac ?icaeoeo
aeanii? oai??? iiaea aeyaeoeny iaaeinoaoiuei aoaeoeaiei. ?o aae?ania
canoinoaaiiy a oiiaao oe?a?inueei? i?iieneiaino? oeyoii i?ioioeioaaiiy
? oe?aaeoaaiiy iaaeioe?eueia.

O a?o/eciyi?e iaooe? oaeiae neeaeeny iaoeia? oeiee, ye? canoiniaothoue
i?eioeeie oa niiniae no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy. Na?aae oaeeo oe?e ne?ae
a?aecia/eoe iineianueeo oeieo, ui neeaeany ianaiia?aae o Aea?aeaaiiio
oi?aa?neoao? oi?aae?iiy ?i. N. I?aeaeii?e?aeca, iniiaiei i?aaeiaoii
aeine?aeaeaiue yeiai ? oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaaie ? ??cieie oi?iaie
?oi?o ia’?aeiaiue, a oaeiae ee?anueeo (?inoeooo aeiiii?ee IAI Oe?a?ie)
oa aeiiaoeueeo (?inoeooo aeiiii?ee i?iieneiaino? IAI Oe?a?ie),
aeine?aeaeaiiy oa ?ic?iaee eio?eo i?enay/aii ieoaiiyi oi?aae?iiy
?aa?iiaeueiith aeiiii?eith. No/ania a?o/eciyia oa ?in?enueea
a?ae?ia?ao?y c ieoaiue no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy ye iaeeie/ieie
i?aei?e?inoaaie, oae ? ??cieie oi?iaie ?oi?o ia’?aeiaiue, iineoue, a
iniiaiiio, iieniaee oa?aeoa?, ?icaeyaea? ieoaiiy oi?ioaaiiy ie?aieo
no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo, i?aeoe/ii ia oi?ea?oueny oaeeo ieoaiue, ye
caaacia/aiiy caaeainiaaiino? no?aoaa?e, ci?no oa i?ioeaaeo?a oi?ioaaiiy
iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy, i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inuee? aniaeoe
oi?ioethaaiiy ? ?ic?iaee no?aoaa??. ?ic?iaee aeiiaoeueei? oeiee ia
caaaeaee iiaeooue aooe canoiniaai? a oi?aae?ii? aaeeeeie
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie, oiio ui ?o ae?yeuei?noue ia? nai?
iniaeeaino? ia a?aei?io a?ae ?icaeoeo ?aa?ii?a.

Noiniaii aei ae?yeueiino? aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai ne?ae
a?aecia/eoe a?aenooi?noue oai?aoe/iiai ia??oiooaaiiy iaoai?cio
no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy oaeeie nenoaiaie, iaaeinoaoith
ii?aoeueiaai?noue oai?aoe/ieo oa iaoiaeieia?/ieo ieoaiue no?aoaa?/iiai
oi?aae?iiy a ie?aieo noa?ao ae?yeueiino?. Oaeei /eiii, iaiao?aei?noue
ocaaaeueiaiiy oa iiaeaeueoiai ?icaeoeo iaoiaeieia?/ii? aace
no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy oa oi?ioaaiiy ia ?? iniia? iaoai?cio
no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie
i?iieneiaino? aecia/a? aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe oa ??
i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeena?oaoe?eio
?iaioo aeeiiaii o a?aeiia?aeiino? c oaiaoeeith aea?aeathaeaeaoieo
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o No?aeiioe?a?inueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
oi?aa?neoaoo, cai?iaaaeaeaieo o 1995-1998 ?ieao ( AeI-125-95 “Aea?? oa
iaoiaee ia??oiooaaiiy aeaea?ae ?iaanooaaiiy aeey ?aae?caoe??
?iiiaaoe?eieo ??oaiue ia i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao Oe?a?ie”, AeI-17-96
“?ic?iaea nenoaie i?aai?caoe?? ?iaanoeoe?eiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo ia
i?aei?e?inoaao Oe?a?ie”, AeI-35-98 “Aeine?aeaeaiiy oa oi?ioaaiiy
oai?aoe/ieo iniia caaacia/aiiy no?eeino? aaeeeiianooaaieo aeiiii?/ieo
nenoai”), a oaeiae o a?aeiia?aeiino? c Eii?aeeiaoe?eiei ieaiii
aeine?aeaeaiue o aaeoc? i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaie/eo oa nioe?aeueieo nenoai
ia 1997-1998 ??. ca i?iaeaiith “Oai?aoe/i? i?iaeaie i?aai?caoe??
ae?iaie/eo oa nioe?aeueieo nenoai” I?aeia?iaeii? aeaaeai?? iaoee oa
i?aeoeee i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa, yeee caoaa?aeaeaii I?aceae??th
aeaaeai?? 28 aa?aciy 1997 ?ieo (i?ioieie ? 6).

I?aaeiao oa ia’?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy. I?aaeiaoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? eia?ea,
i?eioeeie, iaoiaee oa i?aeoe/i? aniaeoe oi?ioaaiiy iaoai?cio
no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie.
Ia’?eoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? aacith aenia?eiaioaeueii? ia?aa??ee,
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a ?iaioe noaee aaeee? ae?iaie/i-o?iainia?
nenoaie i?iieneiaino?.

Iaoa oa caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoith aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ?
eiiieaenia ?ic?iaea oai?aoe/ieo, iaoiaee/ieo ? i?eeeaaeieo ieoaiue
i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie
nenoaiaie i?iieneiaino? a oiiaao ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei ia i?aenoaa?
ocaaaeueiaiiy e ?icaeoeo iaoiaeieia?? no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy,
oai?aoe/iiai iaa?oiooaaiiy iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy oa
?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei eiai ?aae?caoe??.

Iniiai? iaoeia? ? i?aeoe/i? caaaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe coiiaeaii
iinoaaeaiith iaoith oa i?noyoue:

aeine?aeaeaiiy ia?aaeoiia oi?ioaaiiy o i?iieneiaino? aaeeeeo
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai, niinia?a ?o ooai?aiiy oa oi?i aca?iiae??
no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue o oaeeo nenoaiao;

iaa?oiooaaiiy aeioe?eueiino? caa?aaeaiiy o i?iieneiaino? Oe?a?ie
?nioth/eo oa noai?aiiy iiaeo aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai;

nenoaiaoecaoe?th i?aai?caoe?eieo oi?i ae?yeueiino? aaeeeeo
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai i?iieneiaino?;

aecia/aiiy ci?noo, no?oeoo?e e aeaiaio?a iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai
oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie i?iieneiaino? oa
niinia?a ?oiuei? ?aae?caoe??;

ia??oiooaaiiy i?aeoiae?a aei i?aai?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy ?ic?iaeith
eiiieaeno /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai?
nenoaie, ui i?eionea? aecia/aiiy i?eioeei?a oi?aae?iiy, noa’?eo?a
aeeiiaiiy ooieoe?e oi?aae?iiy, iaae eiiiaoaioiino? oa anoaiiaeaiiy
aca?iiae?? noa’?eo?a ?aae?caoe?? ooieoe?e oi?aae?iiy i?ae niaith;

nenoaiii-no?oeoo?iee aiae?c aoai?a ?ic?iaee eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e
?icaeoeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie, a ?acoeueoao? yeiai
aeyaey?oueny oe?eueiaa ooieoe?y oa ci?no aoaio, eiai ciai?oi? oa
aioo??oi? ca’ycee, a oaeiae caaeainiaai?noue /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e;

eeaneo?eaoe?th e?eoa???a ioe?iee aeioe?eueiino? ?iaanoeoe?eii?
i?aeo?eiee iiaiaaaaeaiue;

?ic?iaeo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei aeioe?eueiino? ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?aeo?eiee
iiaiaaaaeaiue c o?aooaaiiyi ?acoeueoao?a ioe?iee iiaiaaaaeaiue oa
?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa?? aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai o oe?eiio;

oi?ioaaiiy i?aeoiae?a aei ?ic?iaee ?iaanoeoe?eii? no?aoaa?? aaeeei?
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie, ui i?eioneathoue ioe?ieo e aiae?c
?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino? ia’?eo?a ?iaanooaaiiy, i?iaiicoaaiiy
?iaanoeoe?eieo iiaeeeainoae no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue nenoai ?
ia??oiooaaiiy niinia?a oi?ioaaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo;

i?iaaaeaiiy aiae?co aoaeoeaiino? i?aeoe/iiai aeei?enoaiiy i?aeoiae?a aei
oi?ioaaiiy iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie i?iieneiaino? oa i?iieneiaa
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iaoiaeee, ye? ?ic?iaeaii ia iniia? oai?aoe/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue.

Iaoiaeieia?y oa iaoiaeeea aeine?aeaeaiue. Oai?aoe/iith oa
iaoiaeieia?/iith iniiaith oai?aoe/ieo ? aenia?eiaioaeueieo
aeine?aeaeaiue noaee ?iaioe i?ia?aeieo a?o/eciyieo oa ca?oa?aeieo
a/aieo-aeiiii?no?a, a yeeo ?icaeyiooi no/ani? iaoeia? iiaeyaee ia
i?iaeaie oi?aae?iiy i?aai?caoe?eieie no?oeoo?aie i?iieneiaino?,
ii?iaoeaii-iaoiaee/i? ? caeiiiaeaa/? aeieoiaioe c ieoaiue oi?aae?iiy
ae?iaie/eie oa o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie, niiniae nenoaiiiai aiae?co c
aeei?enoaiiyi aeiiii?ei-iaoaiaoe/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy. A??ia?aei?noue oa
ia?oioiaai?noue ?acoeueoao?a ? aeniiae?a, ye? iaea?aeaii a ?iaio?,
coiiaeaii canoinoaaiiyi nenoaiiiai iaoiaeo, iaoiae?a
nenoaiii-no?oeoo?iiai oa neooaoe?eiiai aiae?co, aaeainiaiai iaoiaeo,
iaoiae?a ???a?o?/ii? aeaeiiiiceoe?? oa aenia?oieo ioe?iie.

?ioi?iaoe?eiith aacith aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ? oai?aoe/i? oa iaoiaee/i?
?ic?iaee a/aieo oa i?aeoee?a, ?acoeueoaoe i?iaaaeaieo aaoi?ii iaoeiaeo
aeine?aeaeaiue, io?oe?ei? noaoenoe/i? iaoa??aee, caeiiiaeaa/? oa
ii?iaoeai? aeieoiaioe, ui ?aaeaiaioothoue ?iaanoeoe?eio oa ?iiiaaoe?eio
ae?yeuei?noue noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy a Oe?a?i?.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?iaioe. Iniiaiee iaoeiaee ?acoeueoao aeena?oaoe?eii?
?iaioe iieyaa? o iiaeaeueoiio ?icaeoeo iaoiaeieia?? no?aoaa?/iiai
oi?aae?iiy noiniaii iniaeeainoae ae?yeueiino? aaeeeeo
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai i?iieneiaino? oa oi?ioaaiiy iaoai?cio
no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy oaeeie nenoaiaie.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaenooo?a?oeo caeiaooeo ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy, ui
aeiinyoueny ia caoeno, iieyaa? o oaeiio:

io?eiaea iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie oai??y oeeee?/iino?, o ?aieao yei?
iaa?oioiaaii aeeoo?aee oeeee ae?yeueiino? aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai?
nenoaie oa ?? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue, a oaeiae noi?iiaaii no?oeoo?o
aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo nenoaie;

noi?iiaaii eiioeaioe?th iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie, yea ia?aaeaa/a? ?ic?iaeo eiiieaeno
no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo nenoaie ia i?aenoaa? aeai?o i??i?eoao?a
ooiaeaiaioaeueii? no?aoaa?/ii? onoaiiaee, no?aoaa?? caaacia/aiiy
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?, aeiaaino?ieiaiai ieaioaaiiy oa caaaeueii?
no?aoaa?? ?icaeoeo;

noi?ioeueiaaii iniiai? i?eioeeie oi?aae?iiy ?ic?iaeith eiiieaeno
no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie, ui aeo?eathoue
c aeciaiiy eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e, oae naii, ye ? iaei??? no?aoaa??,
cae?i/aiei oa i?eaeaoiei aei aeei?enoaiiy i?iaeoeoii oi?aae?inueei?
ae?yeueiino?;

aecia/aii niiniae ioe?iee no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo aaeeeeo
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai, ye? ?icaeyaeathoue no?aoaa?th ye aaeocue
eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiiy, ui aeiaaa? iniaeeaeo ?iaanoeoe?eieo ??oaiue, oa
ioe?iee aca?iica’yceo no?aoaa?e;

?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeeo ia’?eoiiai aiae?co, yeee ia?aaeaa/a? ?ioaa?aeueio
ioe?ieo ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo oa ?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae ia’?eoa
?iaanooaaiiy ? ?acoeueoaoe yeiai ? iniiaith oi?ioaaiiy eiiieaeno
no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie;

oaeineiiaeaii niiniae ioe?iee iiaiaaaaeaiue, ye? ia?aaeaa/oaai? aei
?ic?iaee o ?aieao ?aae?caoe?? ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa??, oeyoii iae?eo
??aiy cia/ouino? iiaiaaaaeaiiy, nooiaiy eiai aioiaiino? aei ?aae?caoe??
oa ianooaao ai?iaaaeaeaiiy;

iaa?oioiaaii iai?yie ioe?iee ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa?? aaeeeeo
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai i?iieneiaino?, ui a?aoiaothoue ??aaiue
i?ia?aneaiino?, ?aaeueiino?, ?eceeo oa ?iaanoeoe?eieo aeo?ao o i?ioean?
?ic?iaee ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa??;

cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaee oi?ioaaiiy caaaeueiiai ?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo
aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie, ui a?aoiaothoue nooi?iue
ainiiaea?nueei? naiino?eiino?, aeae aca?iica’yceo, ?acoeueoaoe i?iaiico
?iaanoeoe?eieo iiaeeeainoae ?? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue oa ianooaa
?aae?caoe?? iiaiaaaaeaiue.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a iieyaa? a iaa?oiooaaii? i?aeoiae?a aei
oi?ioaaiiy iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie i?iieneiaino?. Caeiaoaa/ai
aaciina?aaeiuei ?ic?iaeaii eiioeaioe?th iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai
oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie i?iieneiaino?, ui
a?aoiao? iniaeeaino? ?oiuei? i?aai?caoe?eii? no?oeoo?e oa ae?yeueiino?.
O ?aieao oe??? eiioeaioe?? aecia/aii ci?no, no?oeoo?o, aeaiaioe
iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy ? niiniae ?o ?aae?caoe??, a oaeiae
cai?iiiiiaaii i?aai?caoe?th oi?aae?iiy ?ic?iaeith eiiieaeno /anoeiaeo
no?aoaa?e, ui ? oeaio?aeueiei aeaiaioii iaoai?cio. Aaoi?o iaeaaeaoue
niiniae ioe?iee no?aoaa?e oa ?oiuei? caaeainiaaiino?, iniiai? iai?yie
ioe?iee ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa??. Aei iniaenoiai aianea caeiaoaa/a
aoiaeeoue iaoiaeeea ia’?eoiiai aiae?co noaio no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue
aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie, a oaeiae cai?iiiiiaai? i?aeoiaee
aei oi?ioaaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo oa iaoiaee oi?ioaaiiy
caaaeueiiai ?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo nenoaie.

Iaoeiaa cia/aiiy aeine?aeaeaiue iieyaa? a ia??oiooaaii? oai?aoe/ieo ?
iaoiaee/ieo ieoaiue oi?ioaaiiy iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy
aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie i?iieneiaino? oa ?ic?iaoe?
i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeiai aniaeoo oi?ioethaaiiy oa ?ic?iaee
eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e noiniaii aei iniaeeainoae ae?yeueiino? oaeeo nenoai.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy aeena?oaoe?? iieyaa? a ?ic?iaoe? iaoiaee/ieo
i?aeoiae?a aei oi?ioaaiiy caaeainiaaiiai eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo
aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai oa niinia?a ioe?iee no?aoaa?e.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy oa ?aae?caoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy.
?ic?iaeai? a aeena?oaoe?? i?aeoiaee, niiniae oa iaea?aeai? ?acoeueoaoe
yaeythoue niaith oai?aoe/io ? iaoiaeieia?/io iniiao oi?ioaaiiy iaoai?cio
no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie
i?iieneiaino?. Aiie aeicaieythoue noi?ioaaoe caaeainiaaiee eiiieaen
/anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai,
i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inuee? aniaeoe yeiai a?aoiaothoue nooi?iue
oeaio?ae?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy, oi?ie aca?iiae?? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue
oaeeo nenoai oa iniaeeaino? i?eeiyooy no?aoaa?/ieo ??oaiue o ?aieao
/anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e.

I?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy ia??oioiao?oueny ianooiiei:

ia iniia? no?oeoo?ecaoe?? aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai?
nenoaie iiaeeeai cae?eniaiiy ?aoe?iiaeueiiai i?aeai?o no?oeoo?ieo
iaeeieoeue a ii/aoeia?e noaae?? ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoaie, aecia/aiiy
iaaoaeoeaieo oac ?? oeeee?/iiai ?icaeoeo oa ia??oiooaaiiy ca aeiiiiiaith
iaoiae?a aeiiii?ei-iaoaiaoe/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy iiai? no?oeoo?e nenoaie
i?e cieaeaii? aeio?aeiino? ie?aieo no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue aai nenoaie o
oe?eiio;

?ic?iaeai? i?aaeea oa e?eoa??? caaacia/othoue aea?? no?aoaa??
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?, yea ? aaeaeaaoiith i??i?eoaoai
ooiaeaiaioaeueii? no?aoaa?/ii? onoaiiaee ?icaeoeo aaeeei?
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie;

no?oeoo?ecaoe?y aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo /anoeiai? no?aoaa?? aeicaiey?
i?aai?coaaoe i?ioean ?ic?iaee eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo aaeeei?
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie, i?iaanoe nenoaiii-no?oeoo?iee aiae?c
eiaeiiai aoaio ?ic?iaee, aea?aoe niin?a oi?ioaaiiy ooieoe?iiaeueieo a?oi
aeey ?aae?caoe?? ooieoe?e oi?aae?iiy ?ic?iaeith eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e oa
anoaiiaeoe oi?ie aca?iiae?? ooieoe?iiaeueieo a?oi;

iniiai? iai?yie ioe?iee iiaiaaaaeaiue, ye? ia?aaeaa/oaaii aei ?ic?iaee a
?aieao ?aae?caoe?? ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa?? aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai?
nenoaie, caaacia/othoue iiaeeea?noue ioe?iee cia/ouino? iiaiaaaaeaiiy,
nooiaiy eiai aioiaiino? oa ianooaa?a ?aae?caoe??, ianyao ?iaanoeoe?e, ui
iio??ai? aeey oeueiai, a oaeiae ?eceeo i?e ?aae?caoe?? iiaiaaaaeaiiy;

ca aeiiiiiaith nenoaiaoecaoe?? e?eoa???a aeioe?eueiino? ?iaanoeoe?eii?
i?aeo?eiee ?aae?caoe?? iiaiaaaaeaiue o ?iaanoeoe?ei?e no?aoaa??, yea
?ic?iaey?oueny, caaacia/othoueny i?iii?oe?? i?ae ei?enieie
?acoeueoaoaie oa aeo?aoaie ia ?oi? iaea?aeaiiy aiane?aeie aeei?enoaiiy
iiaiaaaaeaiue a i?aeoe/i?e ae?yeueiino? aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai?
nenoaie;

iai?yie ioe?iee ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa?? aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai?
nenoaie ni?eythoue aecia/aiith ??aiy i?ia?aneaiino?, ?aaeueiino?, ?eceeo
oa ?iaanoeoe?eieo aeo?ao a i?ioean? ?ic?iaee ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa?? e
anoaiiaeaiith ?? a?aeiia?aeiino? i??i?eoaoai ooiaeaiaioaeueii?
no?aoaa?/ii? onoaiiaee ?icaeoeo oa ia?aii? no?aoaa??
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?;

niin?a ?ioaa?iaaieo ioe?iie ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo oa ?eieiaeo
iiaeeeainoae ia’?eoo ?iaanooaaiiy iiaea aooe aeei?enoaiee aeey i?eeiyooy
?iaanoeoe?eieo ??oaiue uiaei oi?ioaaiiy eiiieaeno /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e, a
oaeiae uiaei ioe?iee ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo oa ?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae
i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa c iaoith aecia/aiiy iai?yi?a i?aeaeuaiiy
?oiueiai oaoi?/iiai ??aiy oa ci?oeiaiiy ?eieiaeo iiceoe?e;

i?aeo?ae aei i?iaiicoaaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eieo iiaeeeainoae i?aei?e?inoaa ca
aeiiiiiaith iao?eoe? o?iainiaeo iiaeeeainoae oa o?iainiaeo iio?aa
aeicaiey? iaea?aeaoe ?oith caaaeueio iiia?aaeith ioe?ieo, aeaoe i?iaiic
oaiaeaioe?? ?oiuei? aeeiai?ee, ?icaeyiooe aa??aioe oi?ioaaiiy
?iaanoeoe?eieo iiaeeeainoae i?aei?e?inoaa oeyoii eiia?ioaaiiy cia/aiue
o?iainiaeo iiaeeeainoae ? o?iainiaeo iio?aa oa ia?aoe iie?oeeo
aeei?enoaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eieo ?ano?n?a;

aeei?enoiaoth/e cai?iiiiiaai? niiniae oi?ioaaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eiiai
athaeaeaoo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie, iiaeia ia?aoe aeae
athaeaeaoo oa noi?ioaaoe caaaeueiee ?iaanoeoe?eiee athaeaeao nenoaie c
o?aooaaiiyi nooiaith ainiiaea?/i? naiino?eiino?, aeaeo aca?iica’yceo ??
no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue, ianooaao ?aae?caoe?? iiaiaaaaeaiue oa
?acoeueoao?a i?iaiico ?iaanoeoe?eieo iiaeeeainoae no?oeoo?ieo
iaeeieoeue.

?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy ?aae?ciaaii i?ae /an ?ic?iaee aeacaieo aeua
aea?aeathaeaeaoieo oai, ui aeeiioaaeeny ca aaciina?aaeiueith o/anoth
aaoi?a a No?aeiioe?a?inueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao? o 1995-1998
?ieao.

Eiioeaioe?th oi?ioaaiiy iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie
ae?iaie/eie no?oeoo?aie aeei?enoaii i?e ?ic?iaoe? oaie “No?aoaaey
?acaeoey e?oiiuo i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiauo oi?i i?iecaiaenoaa”, yeo
aeeiiaii o aea?aeaai?e oieaeeiaia?e eiiiai?? “Eoaainueeoaieiaic”
(1997-1998 ??.) o a?aeiia?aeiino? c Eii?aeeiaoe?eiei ieaiii
aeine?aeaeaiue o aaeoc? i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaie/eo oa nioe?aeueieo nenoai
ia 1997-1998 ?ieao I?aeia?iaeii? aeaaeai?? iaoee oa i?aeoeee
i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa.

Iaea?aeai? a aeena?oaoe?? ?acoeueoaoe ciaeoee oaeiae a?aeia?aaeaiiy o
no?aoaa?? noaa?e?caoe?? oa oi?ioaaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eieo ?ano?n?a, yeo
noi?iiaaii a ?aieao Eiioeaioe?? i?ia?aie noaa?e?caoe?? oa icaei?iaeaiiy
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii? ianoaiiaee a Eoaainuee?e iaeano? ca oiia
?aoi?ioaaiiy aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei (1997 ?.).

?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eieo aeine?aeaeaiue ai?iaaaeaeaii ia aaeeeeo
i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao oa a iaa/aeueiiio i?ioean?. Iniiai? c ieo
oae?.

1. Aea?aeaaia oieaeeiaiaa eiiiai?y “Eoaainueeoaieiaic”. Ai?iaaaeaeaii
iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei oi?ioaaiiy iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai
oi?aae?iiy i?e ?ic?iaoe? no?aoaa?? ?icaeoeo oa iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe??
uiaei i?iaiicoaaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eieo iiaeeeainoae ca aeiiiiiaith iao?eoe?
o?iainiaeo iiaeeeainoae oa o?iainiaeo iio?aa i?e ?ic?iaoe? o?iainiaiai
ieaio. Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy cacia/aieo iaoiaee/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e aeicaieeei
noi?ioaaoe iaoiaee/io aaco ieaioaaiiy ae?yeueiinoe eiiiai?? ca oiia
?eieiaeo a?aeiinei.

2. AAO ?iaanoeoe?eia eiiiai?y “Oe?-Ei?-?iaano” (i. Eoaainuee).
Ai?iaaaeaeaii iaoiaeeeo ia’?eoiiai aiae?co ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino?
i?aei?e?inoa i?e oi?ioaaii? ?iaanoeoe?eii? no?aoaa??. Aiane?aeie
aeei?enoaiiy ai?iaaaeaeaii? iaoiaeeee a?eueo iaa?oioiaaiei noaa aea??
ia’?eo?a ?iaanooaaiiy.

3. CAO “Eoaainueeee o?oaiee caaiae”. Ai?iaaaeaeaii iaoiaeeeo
?ioaa?iaaii? ioe?iee ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo oa ?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae
i?aei?e?inoaa. Iaoiaeeeo aoei aeei?enoaii i?e neeaaeaii? ieaio
i?aeaeuaiiy oaoi?/iiai ??aiy ? ?ic?iaee no?aoaa??
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? aeoe?iia?iiai oiaa?enoaa.

4. AO “Eene/ainueeiaooii?aneioac”. Ai?iaaaeaeaii iaoiaee/i?
?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei ioe?iee ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa??. Aeei?enoaiiy
iaoiaee/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e aeicaieeei aeyaeoe ia?niaeoeae oaoi?/iiai
?icaeoeo oiaa?enoaa oa aecia/eoe aeioe?euei?noue ?iaanoeoe?eii?
i?aeo?eiee ?aae?caoe?? iiaiaaaaeaiue.

5. No?aeiioe?a?inueeee aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe
Oe?a?ie. ?ic?iaeaii oa ai?iaaaeaeaii o iaa/aeueiee i?ioean iaoiaee/i?
?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei aea/aiiy aeenoeeie?i “Oi?aae?iiy ?iaanoeoe?yie”
(aeey nooaeaio?a niaoe?aeueiino? “Iaiaaeaeiaio i?aai?caoe?e”, aeey
i?aeaioiaee iaa?no??a aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy) oa “?iaanoeoe?eia
ae?yeuei?noue” (aeey nooaeaio?a niaoe?aeueiino? “I?aeia?iaeia aeiiii?ea”
? nooaeaio?a oa neooa/?a Oeaio?o i?neyaeeieiiii? ina?oe oi?aa?neoaoo).

Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe oa ioae?eaoe?? ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy.
?acoeueoaoe iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue iia?aeiieaii, iaaiai?aii oa ooaaeaii
ia can?aeaii? iaoeiaiai oiaa?enoaa iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy Oai?ueie, yea
i?ioiaeeei o ?aieao i?aeia?iaeii? ?a?iiaenueei? eiioa?aioe?? “?aiiio-96”
(Oai?ueia, i. Ia/, 1996 ?.), ia ?icoe?aiiio can?aeaii? a/aii? ?aaee
?inoeoooo i?aai?caoe?? oa oi?aae?iiy o i?iieneiaino? “I?AIAO” (Iieueua,
Aa?oaaa, 1996 ?.), ia can?aeaii? i?aceae?? I?aeia?iaeii? aeaaeai?? iaoee
oa i?aeoeee i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa (?in?y, i.
Ai?iiaae, 1997 ?.), ia i?aeia?iaeieo aeiiii?/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo
“Ooieoeeiie?iaaiea i?aaei?eyoee a ia?eiae noaiiaeaiey ?uii/iuo
ioiioaiee” (?in?y, i. I?ae, 1994 ?.), “?aiiio-96” (Oai?ueia, i. Ia/,
1996 ?.), “Yeiiiie/aneea e nioeeaeueiua oaoiieiaee ia?aoiaeiiai
iauanoaa” (?in?y, i. Ia?i, 1997 ?.), “Oi?aaeaiea
eiaanoeoeeiiiuie i?ioeannaie a yeiiiieea ia nia?aiaiiii yoaia” ( ?in?y,
i. *aeya?inuee, 1997 ?.), ia Ana?in?enuee?e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e
eiioa?aioe?? “I?iaeaiu yeiiiieee e i?aaiecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo e
oeiainiauo nenoai” (?in?y, i. Iiai/a?neanuee, 1998 ?.), ia ?aa?iiaeueieo
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo a i. Eoaainueeo (1997 ?.) oa
eiioa?aioe?yo i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo
No?aeiioe?a?inueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo.

Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue a?aeia?aaeaii a 42 ioae?eaoe?yo.
Na?aae ieo – 3 iiiia?ao?? (c ieo iaeia – ?iaeea?aeoaeueia), 3
iaa/aeueieo iin?aieee, 2 a?ioo?e, 21 noaooy, 13 oac aeiiia?aeae a
iaoa??aeao iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?e. Caaaeueiee ianya ioae?eaoe?e – 69,7
ae.a., c yeeo 55,1 ae.a. iaeaaeaoue iniaenoi aaoi?o.

No?oeoo?a oa ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c anooio, i’yoe
?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, ye? aeeeaaeaii ia 466 noi??ieao ae?oeiaaiiai
oaenoo, a oiio /ene? 63 oaaeeoe? oa 41 ?enoiie ia 46 noi??ieao. Nienie
aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae ?c 238 iaeiaioaaiue iaaaaeaii ia 21 noi??ioe? ? 3
aeiaeaoee – ia 11 noi??ieao.

INIIAIEE CI?NO AeENA?OAOe?EII? ?IAIOE

A aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? ia iniia? i?iaaaeaieo aaoi?ii aeine?aeaeaiue
caoeuathoueny oae? iniiai? iieiaeaiiy.

?icae?e 1. Iniaeeaino? noai?aiiy oa ooieoe?iioaaiiy aaeeeeo
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai o i?iieneiaino? ca oiia ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei.

Ni?eueia ae?yeuei?noue noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy a ?aieao ?oiuei?
oe?e?nii? nenoaie a no/anieo oiiaao ?icaeoeo i?iieneiaino?
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny oe?ieiianooaaieie ?ioaa?aoe?eieie i?ioeanaie, ui ?
iniiaith oi?ioaaiiy aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai (AAON), a yeeo
ni?eueia ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoa cae?enith?oueny oei/aniai aai
iino?eii a ?aieao iaeiiai i?aai?caoe?eiiai ooai?aiiy.

Ooai?aiiy aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai ia?aaeaa/a? aeia?ia?eueia
aai i?eioniaa ia’?aeiaiiy o oe?ieeo ianooaaao ia iaaieo oiiaao, ia
oei/ania?e /e iino?ei?e iniia? noa’?eo?a ae?iaie/iai, o?iainiaiai oa
eiia?oe?eiiai eai?oaeo, ui caa??aathoue oe?eeii aai /anoeiai th?eaee/io
oa ae?iaie/i-ainiiaea?nueeo naiino?ei?noue, c iaoith cae?eniaiiy
ni?eueii? ae?yeueiino? o iaaieo noa?ao a ?ioa?anao ye ia’?aeiaiiy o
oe?eiio, oae ? eiaeii? eiai no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe?, yea ae?? o
aeicaieai?e caeiiiaeaa/eie aeieoiaioaie aea?aeaae
i?aai?caoe?eii-i?aaia?e oi?i? oa ni?aaey? nooo?aee aieea ia
ae?yeuei?noue iaoe?iiaeueii? aeiiii?ee, ie?aii? aaeoc? i?iieneiaino? aai
?aa?iio.

Aaeee? ae?iaie/i-o?iainia? nenoaie, ye? ?niothoue o i?iieneiaino?
Oe?a?ie, ia?aaaaeii aoei noai?aii a aeiiii?oe? oeaio?ae?ciaaiiai oeio.
Iaea?eueoa e?euee?noue aaeeeeo nenoai oa?aeoa?ia aeey aaeocae aaaeei?
i?iieneiaino?. Oae, e?aea?e iaoaeo?a?eii? i?iieneiaino? – AeIE
“E?eai??aenoaeue”, IE ?iai? ?ee?/a oa “Acianoaeue” – ii a?eueoino?
iiceoe?e aea?aeaoue i?i?ioi iieiaeio oe?a?inueeiai ?eieo, a ae?iaieoeoai
aeaeo?iaia?a?? a Oe?a?i? cae?enith?oueny o?noueia aeoe?iia?ieie
oiaa?enoaaie. Oe?eiio ?yaeo c aaeeeeo nenoai oe?a?inueei? i?iieneiaino?
o oaia??oi?e /an iaeaaeeoue cia/ia /anoea iaoe?iiaeueiiai ?eieo iaaiiai
aeaeo i?iaeoeoe??, ui i?aeoaa?aeaeothoue iaaaaeai? o oaae.1 aeai?.

Iaa?yae /e aeioe?eueii ?acoe?oiiyoe ?nioth/? a oe?a?inuee?e
i?iieneiaino? aaeee? ae?iaie/? nenoaie c iaoith ai?ioueae c aenieei
??aiai iiiiiie?cio a i?iieneiaino? Oe?a?ie, yeee ? iane?aeeii
eiioeaio?aoe?? i?aei?e?inoa i?e ai?eciioaeuei?e ?ioaa?aoe??. A?eueo
aeioe?eueii ia?aoai?aiiy aaeeeeo ae?iaie/eo nenoai ia iniia? ci?ie oi?ie
?o aeaniino?, aeei?enoaiiy iiaeo i?aai?caoe?eieo oi?i ae?yeueiino? oa
oi?ioaaiiy iaoai?cio oi?aae?iiy oaeeie nenoaiaie. A i?iieneiaino?
Oe?a?ie ia o?eueee aeiiii?/ii aea?aeii caa?aaoe ?nioth/? aaeee?
ae?iaie/? nenoaie, aea e noai?thaaoe iia?, ui, ye iieacaii o ?iaio?,
coiiaeaii iaiao?aei?noth iinoi?eaaoecaoe?eii? i?aeo?eiee iaeeo oa
na?aaeieo aeoe?iia?ieo oiaa?enoa oa iaaeinoaoi?noth o?iainiaiai eai?oaeo
o iiiaeeiieeo, iaa?oue ii??aiyii aaeeeeo, i?aei?e?inoa, ? iio?aaith
eiai caeo/aiiy, ui iiaea aooe cae?eniaii i?e ia’?aeiaii? i?aei?e?inoa.
Iniiaiei aeaea?aeii o?iainoaaiiy a inoaii? ?iee ? aeani? eiooe
i?aei?e?inoa. O na?aaeiueiio ii e?a?iao NIAe ieoiia aaaa eai?oaeueieo
aeeaaeaiue, ye? o?iainothoueny ca ?aooiie aeanieo eioo?a i?aei?e?inoa,
o caaaeueiiio ianyc? ?iaanoe oe?e neeaea 66%, o oiio /ene? a Oe?a?i? –
82% (i?ioe 46% o A?ei?on?, 66% o ?in??, 49% a Ocaaeenoai?).
Aeooaeuei?noue ?ioaa?aoe?? o?iainiaeo ?ano?n?a, ye iieacothoue
i?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy, coiiaeaii oaeiae aenieei ??aiai ciino
iniiaieo oiiae?a, iio?aaith a cia/ieo ?iaanoeoe?yo aeey noaiiaeaiiy oa
?aae?caoe?? ?iiiaaoe?eii? iie?oeee.

Aaeee? ae?iaie/i-o?iainia? nenoaie ooieoe?iiothoue o iaaieo
i?aai?caoe?eieo oi?iao, ??ciiiai?oi?noue yeeo coiiaeth? iaiao?aei?noue
?o oii?yaeeoaaiiy oa nenoaiaoecaoe??, aeey aeeiiaiiy eio?eo
i?iiiio?oueny aeei?enoaoe oae? iciaee, ye i?eioeei ia’?aeiaiiy, ia??iae
ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoaie, nooi?iue ia’?aeiaiiy cania?a ae?iaieoeoaa oa
o?iain?a, aeae ?ioaa?aoe?? ae?yeueiino? oa nooi?iue oeaio?ae?caoe??
oi?aae?iiy.

Oaaeeoey 1Ieoiia aaaa i?iaeoeoe?? aeayeeo aaeeeeo nenoai oe?a?inueei?
i?iieneiaino?

ia iaoe?iiaeueiiio ?eieo, %Iaeiaioaaiiy

aaeeei? nenoaieAaeocaaa

iaeaaei?noueIaeiaioaaiiy

i?iaeoeoe??Caeiaaia /anoea

iaoe?iiaeueiiai ?eieo o 1997 ?ioe?, %AeIE Iaoaeo?a?yNi?oiaee
i?ieao35,5“E?eai??aenoaeue”Eaoaiea61,6I?ieao c iecueeieaaiaaii? noae?

50,2AeAAE “Aeiiaanaia?ai”Aia?aaoeeaAeaeo?iaia?a?y14,1Eiioea?i
“No??ie”O?i?/iaI?ia?aeuei?

aeia?eaa18,0AOCO “Iaa?ii-Oeaio?”Iaoeiiaoaeoaai-iyNoa?oa?i?

aeoioeyoi?e16,5Eiioea?i “Iina?aaeiee”Iie?a?ao?yAacaoii-eieaeeiaa
i?iaeoeoe?y10,1OAE “Iioi?

N?/”Iaoeiiaoaeoaai-iyAeaeaoie aei

aaoiiia?e?a23,4

AO “Iaieiiue”Oa?/iaaIeai19,0I?ia?aeuei? aiaee12,3

I?iaaaeaieie o ?iaio? aeine?aeaeaiiyie anoaiiaeaii iniaeeaino?
ae?yeueiino? aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai o oaeeo i?aai?caoe?eieo
oi?iao ye eiini?oe?oi, oieaeeiaia? no?oeoo?e, eiioea?i, neiaeeeao,
o?ano. A oe?a?inueei? i?iieneiaino? aaeee? ae?iaie/i-o?iainia? nenoaie
ae?thoue ia?aaaaeii o oaeeo i?aai?caoe?eieo oi?iao ye aea?aeaai?
aeoe?iia?i? eiiiai??, aeoe?iia?i? oiaa?enoaa, oieaeeiaia? eiiiai?? oa
eiioea?ie. sse i?eeeaae, iiaeia iaaanoe aea?aeaaio aeoe?iia?io eiiiai?th
“Aoa?eey Oe?a?ie” (aoa?eueia i?iieneia?noue), AO “Oe?iaooa”, AO
“Oe?aaci?ii”, Oe?a?inueeee aaciaee eiini?oe?oi (iaooiaaciaa
i?iieneia?noue), aea?aeaaio oieaeeiaiao eiiiai?th “Eoaainueeoaieiaic”
(iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy), eiioea?i “Niaeaenoaea” (aaaaoiaaeocaaa
ae?yeuei?noue).

Ooieoe?iioaaiiy aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie a aoaeue-ye?e c
i?aai?caoe?eieo oi?i cae?enith?oueny i?ioyaii aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo.
AEeoo?aee oeeee ?icaeyaea?oueny ye noeoii?noue aoai?a ae?yeueiino?
nenoaie, ye? iine?aeiaii ci?iththoue iaeei iaeiiai ? eiaeiee c yeeo
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny iaaiith iaoith ae?yeueiino? ? noaiii ye AAON a
oe?eiio, oae ? ?? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue, iniaeeaith oi?iith
i?aai?caoe?eiiai iaoai?cio, ui ?aae?co? aeinyaiaiiy no?aoaa?/ieo oa
iia?aoeaieo oe?eae ae?yeueiino? nenoaie.

Ia ia?oiio aoai? aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo, iaoith yeiai ? noai?aiiy iiai? aai
?aoi?ioaaiiy ?nioth/i? aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie,
aecia/a?oueny ?? neeaae ? oa?aeoa? aca?iica’yce?a no?oeoo?ieo
iaeeieoeue, nooi?iue ?oiuei? ainiiaea?nueei? naiino?eiino?,
?ic?iaey?oueny i?aai?caoe?eia no?oeoo?a nenoaie, ae??oothoueny ieoaiiy
i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa. Iaoith ae?oaiai aoaio aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo
nenoaie ? i?aai?caoe?y ?aoe?iiaeueii? aca?iiae?? on?o ?? aeaiaio?a. O
a?aeiia?aeiino? c oe??th iaoith oi?io?oueny i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee
iaoai?ci ooieoe?iioaaiiy aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie, yeee
i?iiiio?oueny aecia/eoe ye nenoaio i?aai?caoe?? ni?eueii? ae?yeueiino?
?? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue, yea, aeei?enoiaoy ia?aaaae aaeeeeo nenoai ?
a?aeiia?aeiee eiiieaen noeioe?a, caaacia/o? aeinyaiaiiy iaoe ?icaeoeo
nenoaie ? io?eiaiiy aoaeoeaieo ?acoeueoao?a ni?eueii? ae?yeueiino?.
I?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoaie iiaeiai
caaacia/eoe o ia?oo /a?ao aca?iiae?th on?o no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue, ui
cae?enith?oueny, ye anoaiiaeaii i?iaaaeaieie aeine?aeaeaiiyie, o oaeeo
oi?iao, ye oaoiieia?/ia ? o?iainiaa aca?iiae?y, a oaeiae aca?iiae?y
i?e ?aae?caoe?? aaeeeeo i?iaeo?a. Aeey oe?a?inueeeo aaeeeeo
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai iaea?eueo oa?aeoa?iith ? oaoiieia?/ia
aca?iiae?y – ye caieiooa, oae ? ?ic?ieiooa, aea a oe?a?inuee?e
i?iieneiaino? aaea ? i?eeeaaee nenoai, o yeeo aca?iiae?y no?oeoo?ieo
iaeeieoeue cae?enith?oueny ia i?aenoaa? o/ano? o ni?euei?e ?aae?caoe??
aaeeeeo ?iaanoeoe?eieo i?iaeo?a. Aea?? oi?i aca?iiae?? aecia/a?oueny
?yaeii /eiiee?a, oaeeo, ye i?aai?caoe?eia oi?ia aaeeei? nenoaie, aoai
aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo ?? ae?yeueiino?, ci?no aeiiii?ei-i?aaiaiai
na?aaeiaeua, aea ae?? nenoaia.

O?ao?e aoai aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny ni?eueiith ae?yeuei?noth an?o no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue
ia iniia? i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoaie.
O?eaae?noue o?aoueiai aoaio caeaaeeoue a?ae yeino? oi?aae?iiy nenoaiith,
a oaeiae noaio oa oaiaeaioe?e ?icaeoeo ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua.
*aoaa?oee aoai aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai,
ei?aeooth/ee, ia ia? /?oei? iaae?, ui a?aeie?aieth? eiai a?ae o?aoueiai.
I?i eiai ianooi na?ae/eoue cieaeaiiy aeio?aeiino? nenoaie. Iaoith
aeaiiai aoaio ? ei?aaoaaiiy ?icaeoeo nenoaie, yea i?eionea? i?iaaaeaiiy
??ciiiai?oieo ?ai?aai?caoe?e, ui iathoue oa?aeoa? aea??eiaiai
ei?aaoaaiiy, ai cieaeaiiy aeio?aeiino? ia /aoaa?oiio aoai?, ye i?aaeei,
ua ia ? eaoano?io?/iei, ? eiai ua iiaeia caiia?aoe. Ia /aoaa?oiio aoai?
aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo iiaea ae??ooaaoeny ieoaiiy i?i ia?aoai?aiiy no?oeoo?e
aaeeei? nenoaie. Aeey aeai?o iiai? no?oeoo?e iiaeooue aooe canoiniaai?
aeiiii?ei-iaoaiaoe/i? iaoiaee. Aeey caaacia/aiiy aoaeoeaii? ae?yeueiino?
aaeeei? nenoaie iaiao?aeii /?oei a?aene?aeeiaoaaoe ianooi iaaoaeoeaieo
oac ?? oeeee?/iiai ?icaeoeo oa nai?/anii canoiniaoaaoe a?aeiia?aei?
ei?aeooth/? ae??.

Ae??oaiiy i?iaeaie aeiaaino?ieiaiai ?icaeoeo oa caaacia/aiiy noaeiai
c?inoaiiy aaeeeeo-ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai a cia/i?e i??? caeaaeeoue
a?ae iaa?oioiaaiino? iaoiae?a oi?aae?iiy, ui iiaeii? aooe aaeaeaaoi?
neeaaeiiio ???a?o?/iiio oa aaaaoioe?eueiaiio oa?aeoa?o oaeeo nenoai.

?icae?e 2. Iaoai?ci no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie i?iieneiaino?.

Iaoai?ci no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie
nenoaiaie i?iieneiaino? ?icaeyaea?oueny ye noeoii?noue oi?aae?inueeeo
aeaiaio?a oa niinia?a ?oiuei? i?aai?caoe?eii?, ?ioi?iaoe?eii? oa
i?aaiai? i?aeo?eiee, oeyoii aeei?enoaiiy yeeo c o?aooaaiiyi
iniaeeainoae i?aai?caoe?eii? no?oeoo?e aaeeei? nenoaie oa nooiaiy
oeaio?ae?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy ?? no?oeoo?ieie iaeeieoeyie cae?enith?oueny
i?eeiyooy oa ?aae?caoe?y no?aoaa?/ieo ??oaiue, ui caaacia/othoue noaeee
?icaeoie ye nenoaie a oe?eiio, oae ? ?? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue.
???a?o?/io aeaeiiiiceoe?th oi?aae?inueeeo aeaiaio?a iaoai?cio
no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie
iieacaii ia ?en. 1.

Iniiaith iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie ? ooiaeaiaioaeueia no?aoaa?/ia
onoaiiaea, yea iiaea ia?aaeaa/aoe ??ci? i??i?eoaoe, oae?, ye iaea?aeaiiy
iaeneiaeueii iiaeeeaiai i?eaooeo, ?icoe?aiiy /anoee ia
caaaeueiiiaoe?iiaeueiiio aai ?aa?iiaeueiiio ?eieo, caaacia/aiiy
“aeeoo?ni?iiiaeiino?” nenoaie, caaithaaiiy iiaeo ?eie?a caooo
i?iaeoeoe??, iino?eia inai?iiy iiaeo aeae?a i?iaeoeoe??, c?inoaiiy
nenoaie.

Ia?aeaeueii c oi?ioaaiiyi i??i?eoao?a ooiaeaiaioaeueii? no?aoaa?/ii?
onoaiiaee aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie ? a caeaaeiino? a?ae ieo
cae?enith?oueny aea?? no?aoaa?? caaacia/aiiy oa i?aeo?eiaiiy
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?. Iiaaae?iea eiaeii? aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai?
nenoaie ia ?eieo aecia/a?oueny o?eueee ?e iaei?e aeanoea?e eiia?iaoe??th
i??i?eoao?a ooiaeaiaioaeueii? no?aoaa?/ii? onoaiiaee oa ia?aiith
no?aoaa??th eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?. I?e oi?ioaaii? ooiaeaiaioaeueii?
no?aoaa?/ii? onoaiiaee nenoaie aeoaea aaaeeeai caaacia/eoe
a?aeiia?aei?noue ia?aieo i??i?eoao?a ooiaeaiaioaeueii? no?aoaa?/ii?
onoaiiaee ? aeae?a no?aoaa?? eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?. C oe??th iaoith a
?iaio? ?icaeyiooi i?aaeea aeai?o no?aoaa?? eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? aeey
aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai. Eiie?aoia oi?ioethaaiiy i??i?eoao?a
ooiaeaiaioaeueii? no?aoaa?/ii? onoaiiaee yaey? niaith anoaiiaeaiiy
aeiaaino?ieiaeo oe?eae.

Ooiaeaiaioaeueia no?aoaa?/iaonoaiiaeaAea??Aea??
no?aoaa??i??i?eoao?aeiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?Aeiaaino?ieiaa
ieaioaaiiyOi?ioaaiiy nenoaie aeiaaino?ieiaeo oe?eaeE?euee?nia ioe?iea
aeiaaino?ieiaeo oe?eae

Oi?ioaaiiy ae?eiai? iie?oeee?ic?iaeaiiy caaaeueii? no?aoaa?? ?icaeoeo
AAON(aecia/aiiy oeyo?a oa niinia?a aeinyaiaiiy aeiaaino?ieiaeo
oe?eae)Oi?ioaaiiy eiiieaeno/anoeiaeo
no?aoaa?eNo?aoaa??Ooieoe?iiaeuei?no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeueno?aoaa???ano?ni?
no?aoaa??Oe?e? ianooiiiaiei?ioeino?ieiaiai ia??iaeo?en. 1. No?oeoo?a
iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie
nenoaiaie

O ?aieao aeiaaino?ieiaiai ieaioaaiiy, ui ? iaa?ae’?iiith /anoeiith
no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy, aeiaaino?ieia? oe?e? iaea?aeothoue eiie?aoio
e?euee?nio ioe?ieo a oi?i? oaeeo iieaciee?a, ye iieacieee uiaei ??aiy
ae?iaieoeoaa, yeino? i?iaeoeoe??, ianyao i?iaeaaeo, /anooe? ?eieo,
??aith i?eaooeo ia ?iaanoiaaiee eai?oae oa o. ?i. Ia iniia?
aeiaaino?ieiaiai ieaioaaiiy oi?io?oueny ae?eiaa iie?oeea AAON, oi?iith
yei? ? caaaeueia no?aoaa?y ?icaeoeo, ui ?ic?iaey?oueny aeey aeinyaiaiiy
aeiaaino?ieiaeo oe?eae oa ui oi?ioeth?oueny a?eueo aeaoaeueii, i?ae
ooiaeaiaioaeueia no?aoaa?/ia onoaiiaea.

C iiceoe?e nenoaiiiai i?aeoiaeo caaaeueia no?aoaa?y ?icaeoeo aaeeei?
nenoaie iiaeiia ioiiethaaoe on? aaeoc? ae?iaie/i-ainiiaea?nueei?,
o?iainiai? oa eiia?oe?eii? ae?yeueiino? ye nenoaie a oe?eiio, oae ?
eiaeii? c ?? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue. Caaaeath/e ia oa, ui aei neeaaeo
aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie iiaeooue aoiaeeoe iae??ciiiai?oi?o?
ae?iaie/? oa o?iainia? no?oeoo?i? iaeeieoe?, a caaaeuei?e no?aoaa??
aeoaea oyaeei a?aeaeoe iaeaooith ae?yeuei?noue ye nenoaie a oe?eiio, oae
? on?o ?? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue. sseui ae ni?iaoaaoe oea c?iaeoe, oi
oaea no?aoaa?y aai aoaea iaoe caaaeueiee oa?aeoa?, aai aoaea aeoaea
iainyaeiith oa iai?aoethth/ith. O ca’yceo c oeei i?iiiio?oueny
aeei?enoiaoaaoe ye ?icaeaath/ee, aeaoae?coth/ee oa aeacaa?aaoth/ee
caaaeueio no?aoaa?th ?icaeoeo caaeainiaaiee eiiieaen /anoeiaeo
no?aoaa?e, ui ia? ???a?o?/io no?oeoo?o oa i???ioiaaiee ia ?aae?caoe?th
caaaeueii? no?aoaa??.

I?ae /anoeiaith no?aoaa??th ?icaeoeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai?
nenoaie ?icoi??oueny i?ia?aia ?? ae?e ia iaaio ia?niaeoeao c
o?aooaaiiyi i?eeiyoiai ?eceeo o a?aeiia?aeiino? ?c anoaiiaeaieie oe?eyie
?icaeoeo nenoaie oa iiaeeeainoyie ?oiueiai aeinyaiaiiy a ie?ai?e noa??
?? ae?yeueiino? aai a ?aieao ie?aii? no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe?, ui
caaacia/o? aoaeoeai?noue ae?yeueiino? nenoaie o oe?eiio. O eiiieaen?
/anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie
aeae?eaii no?aoaa?? ?icaeoeo eiaeii? no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe? nenoaie, a
oaeiae ooieoe?iiaeuei? oa ?ano?ni? no?aoaa??. Aei /enea ooieoe?iiaeueieo
a?aeianaii no?aoaa??, ui aecia/athoue ia?niaeoeaio ae?yeuei?noue nenoaie
uiaei eiaeii? ooieoe?iiaeueii? noa?e: ia?eaoeiaiaa, ?iiiaaoe?eia,
?iaanoeoe?eia, ae?iaie/a, aaeaioaoe?eia no?aoaa??. ?ano?ni? no?aoaa??
aecia/athoue ia?niaeoeaio ae?yeuei?noue AAON a aaeoc? caaacia/aiiy
ae?iaie/i-ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino? ?? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue
iaiao?aeieie ?ano?naie. A?aeiia?aeii aei ?nioth/i? eeaneo?eaoe??
/eiiee?a ae?iaieoeoaa, i?iiiio?oueny ?ic?iaeyoe no?aoaa?th
iaoa??aeueiiai caaacia/aiiy ae?iaieoeoaa, no?aoaa?th caaacia/aiiy
o?oaeiaeie ?ano?naie oa no?aoaa?th oi?ioaaiiy o?iainiaeo ?ano?n?a.

I?e ?ic?iaoe? eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e aaaeeeaei ? aea?? e?eoa??y
oi?ioaaiiy no?aoaa?e. Oaeee e?eoa??e ?icoi??oueny ye iciaea aai
i?aenoiie iciae, ia i?aenoaa? yeeo aecia/athoueny iaea?eueo nooo?a?
ooieoe?iiaeuei? ca’ycee i?ae no?aoaa?/ieie ??oaiiyie c iaoith
ia’?aeiaiiy ?o o ?aeeiee eiiieaen. A?aeiia?aeii aei oeeo e?eoa???a
a?cia/ai? no?aoaa?/i? ??oaiiy oa a?aeiia?aei? ?i aeaee ?ia?o
aeeth/athoueny aei oi? /e ?ioi? /anoeiai? no?aoaa??. Iaea?eueoa
caaaeueieie e?eoa??yie oi?ioaaiiy ooieoe?iiaeueieo oa ?ano?nieo
no?aoaa?e i?iiiiothoueny oae?: iaenei?caoe?y eieae?caoe?? no?aoaa?/ieo
??oaiue oa a?aeiia?aeieo ?i aeae?a ?ia?o o iaei?e no?aoaa?? oa
caaacia/aiiy eiiieaeniino? no?aoaa??. O naith /a?ao iaenei?caoe?th
eieae?caoe?? no?aoaa?/ieo ??oaiue oa a?aeiia?aeieo ?i aeae?a ?ia?o o
iaei?e no?aoaa?? iiaea aooe cae?eniaii aai ca iciaeith ?o
iaeii??aeiino?, aai ca i?noeai ?aae?caoe??.

E?eoa??e iaenei?caoe?? eieae?caoe?? no?aoaa?/ieo ??oaiue oa
a?aeiia?aeieo ?i aeae?a ?ia?o ca iciaeith ?o iaeii??aeiino? iaea?eueoa
a?aeiia?aea? iniaeeainoyi oi?ioaaiiy ?ano?nieo no?aoaa?e, oiae? ye i?e
oi?ioaaii? ooieoe?iiaeueieo no?aoaa?e a?eueo aeioe?eueii
aeei?enoiaoaaoe e?eoa??e caaacia/aiiy eiiieaeniino? no?aoaa??. E?eoa??e
iaenei?caoe?? eieae?caoe?? no?aoaa?/ieo ??oaiue oa a?aeiia?aeieo ?i
aeae?a ?ia?o ca iciaeith i?noey ?o ?aae?caoe?? ? aoaeoeaiei i?e
oi?ioaaii? no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue AAON.

A ?iaio? iieacaii, ui i?e caaaeuei?e aaaeeeaino? oa cia/ouino?
aoaeue-yei? no?aoaa?? c ?o eiiieaeno aeey noaeiai ?icaeoeo aaeeei?
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie cia/aiiy ooieoe?iiaeueieo oa ?ano?nieo
no?aoaa?e iaiaeiaeiaa ia eiaeiiio c aoai?a aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo nenoaie, ui
iaoiiaeaii iniaeeainoyie ?? ?icaeoeo ia ??cieo aoaiao oeeeeo. Cia/aiiy
ooieoe?iiaeueieo no?aoaa?e ?, ye iane?aeie, aeaoae?caoe?y oa ianooaa
?oiuei? ?ic?iaee, coiiaeaii oaeiae aea?aieie i??i?eoaoaie
ooiaeaiaioaeueii? no?aoaa?/ii? onoaiiaee ?icaeoeo aaeeei?
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie oa a?aeiia?aeieie ?i no?aoaa?yie
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?.

Aeey ioe?iee oe?eae /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e oa ?acoeueoao?a, ye?
iaea?aeothoueny i?e ?o ?aae?caoe??, o ?iaio? cai?iiiiiaai? aeiiii?/i?
iieacieee. Aeey ?ano?nieo no?aoaa?e iniiaiei iieacieeii, yeee
oa?aeoa?eco? e oe?e?, e ?acoeueoao ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa??, ? ianya
?ano?n?a (?ano?ni? iiaeeeaino?), ui iiaeooue aooe iaea?aeai? aeey
caaeiaieaiiy iio?aa AAON. Aeey ioe?iee ?acoeueoao?a ?aae?caoe??
ooieoe?iiaeueieo no?aoaa?e i?iiiio?oueny aeei?enoiaoaaoe iieaciee
i?e?inoo i?eaooeo nenoaie. Ca aeiiiiiaith c?noaaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a
?aae?caoe?? /anoeiai? no?aoaa?? ? aeo?ao ia ?? ?ic?iaeo oa ?aae?caoe?th,
ye? iiae?eythoueny ia aea? a?oie – aeo?aoe ia ?ic?iaeo no?aoaa?? e
aeo?aoe ia ?? ?aae?caoe?th – i?iiiio?oueny ioe?ieoe aoaeoeai?noue
?ic?iaeaii? no?aoaa??. Aeey ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? ?ano?nii? no?aoaa??
i?iiiiothoueny caaaeueiee oa /anoeia? iieacieee aeiiii?/iino?.
Caaaeueiee iieaciee aeiiii?/iino? ?ano?nii? no?aoaa?? ?ic?aoiao?oueny ye
a?aeiioaiiy ianyao ?ano?n?a, ui iaea?aeothoueny a ?acoeueoao?
?aae?caoe?? ?ano?nii? no?aoaa??, aei aaee/eie aeo?ao ia ?ic?iaeo oa
?aae?caoe?th no?aoaa??. *anoeia? iieacieee aeiiii?/iino? ?ano?nii?
no?aoaa?? iieacothoue aaee/eio ?ano?n?a, ye? iaea?aeaii ia 1 a?i.
aeo?ao, a?aeiia?aeii, ia ?ic?iaeo no?aoaa?? oa ?? ?aae?caoe?th.

Aeey ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? ooieoe?iiaeueieo no?aoaa?e cai?iiiiiaaii
aeei?enoiaoaaoe iieaciee /enoiai iaaaaeaiiai aoaeoo, ine?eueee
aoaeue-yea ooieoe?iiaeueia no?aoaa?y ?, ii noo?, cia/iei ca ianooaaii
?iaanoeoe?eiei i?iaeoii c iaaieie iniaeeainoyie, ui iiaeii? aooe
a?aoiaai? i?e i?eeiyoo? ?iaanoeoe?eieo ??oaiue. Iieaciee /enoiai
iaaaaeaiiai aoaeoo aeicaiey? iaea?aeaoe ?iia??io ioe?ieo i?e?inoo
eai?oaeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie o aeiaaeeo i?eeiyooy
ooieoe?iiaeueii? no?aoaa?? aei ?aae?caoe??. Oeae iieaciee o iiai?e i???
a?aeiia?aea? iniiai?e oe?e? eiaeii? ooieoe?iiaeueii? no?aoaa?? –
ia?iuoaaiith iioaioe?aeo nenoaie. Iieaciee /enoiai iaaaaeaiiai aoaeoo
ia? aeanoea?noue aaeeoeaiino?, ui aeicaiey? i?aenoiiaoaaoe eiai cia/aiiy
ca an?ia ooieoe?iiaeueieie no?aoaa?yie ? aeei?enoiaoaaoe aa?aaiaaio
aaee/eio /enoiai iaaaaeaiiai aoaeoo i?e ioe?ioe? eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e.
Ioe?iea aoaeoeaiino? ooieoe?iiaeueii? no?aoaa?? ii iieacieeo /enoiai
iaaaaeaiiai aoaeoo iiaea aooe aeiiiaiaia ?ic?aooieii iieacieea
aioo??oiuei? ii?ie aeio?aeiino?. Ii??aiyiiy aioo??oiuei? ii?ie
aeio?aeiino? iiaea cae?enithaaoeny ia eeoa c na?aaeiueith aa?o?noth
aaainiaaiiai eai?oaeo, yea ?ic?aoiaaia ca aeaieie ieioeiai ia??iaeo, aea
? c a?aie/iith oe?iith eai?oaeo, ui aecia/a?oueny ia iniia?
ni?iaiiciaaieo cia/aiue aeo?ao, ye? nenoaia ciooaia aoaea caciaoe aeey
a?aeoai?aiiy iio??aii? no?oeoo?e eai?oaeo i?e ?nioth/eo oiiaao
oiiaeiaiai ?eieo. sseui iieaciee aioo??oiuei? ii?ie aeio?aeiino? cia/ii
ia?aaeuo? na?aaeith aai a?aie/io aa?o?noue aaainiaaiiai eai?oaeo, oi o
oeueiio aeiaaeeo ooieoe?iiaeuei?e no?aoaa?? i?eoaiaiiee i?aeaeuaiee
??aaiue ?eceeo.

Iaei??th c oiia aoaeoeaiino? iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie ? caaeainiaai?noue /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e,
ui anoaiiaeth?oueny ia iniia? aeyaeaieo aca?iica’yce?a oa i?iii?oe?e
i?ae ieie. Aeyaeaiiy aioo??oi?o aca?iica’yce?a eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e
?icaeoeo nenoaie cae?eniaii ca aeiiiiiaith no?oeoo?iiai aiae?co, ui
aeicaiey? aeine?aeeoe no?oeoo?o eiiieaeno oa iaoai?ci aca?iiae??
no?aoaa?e c o?aooaaiiyi i?yieo oa iina?aaei?o ca’yce?a, aecia/eoe
aca?iica’ycie i?ae no?aoaa?yie oa caaeainiaai?noue eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e,
anoaiiaeoe ?aoe?iiaeuei? i?iii?oe?? i?ae on?ia no?aoaa?yie. sse
?ino?oiaio no?oeoo?iiai aiae?co eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo aaeeei?
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie aeei?enoaii aaeainia? iiaeae? – iao?eoeth
?iciiae?eo ?ano?n?a i?ae ooieoe?iiaeueieie no?aoaa?yie, iao?eoe? o/ano?
no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue o ?aae?caoe?? ?ano?nieo oa ooieoe?iiaeueieo
no?aoaa?e ? oaoiao oaaeeoeth aca?iiae?? no?aoaa?e.

Iao?eoey ?iciiae?eo ?ano?n?a i?ae ooieoe?iiaeueieie no?aoaa?yie
aeicaiey? aecia/eoe ?ano?ni?ii?noue eiaeii? ooieoe?iiaeueii? no?aoaa??,
aeyaeoe ia?aaaaeiee aeae aeo?ao a ?aae?caoe?? o??? /e ?ioi?
ooieoe?iiaeueii? no?aoaa?? oa anoaiiaeoe i?e/eio oe??? ia?aaaae. Ia
iniia? aa?oino? on?o ?ano?n?a, ui ni?yiiaothoueny ia ?aae?caoe?th
ooieoe?iiaeueii? no?aoaa??, iiaea aooe ?ic?aoiaaiee eiao?oe??io ??
aeiiii?/iino?, yeee oa?aeoa?eco? aaee/eio /enoiai iaaaaeaiiai aoaeoo
a?ae ?aae?caoe?? ooieoe?iiaeueii? no?aoaa?? ia 1 a?i. aeo?ao an?o
?ano?n?a. Eiao?oe??ioe aeiiii?/iino? ooieoe?iiaeueieo no?aoaa?e
aeicaieythoue ioe?ieoe ye?noue ?oiuei? ?ic?iaee a ia?oo /a?ao c iiceoe?e
?ano?nicaa?aaeaiiy, ui a oiiaao ?eieo ia? aaaeeeaa cia/aiiy.

?ioi?iaoe?y aaeainiaeo iiaeaeae caaaeaia aei nenoaie aaeainiaeo
ni?aa?aeiioaiue. Oae, aaeainia? ni?aa?aeiioaiiy iao?eoe? ?iciiae?eo
?ano?n?a i?ae ooieoe?iiaeueieie no?aoaa?yie aeicaieythoue anoaiiaeoe
iayai?noue ??aiino? ianyao ?ano?n?a, ui aoaeooue iaea?aeai? a
?acoeueoao? ?aae?caoe?? ?ano?nii? no?aoaa??, iio?aaai o ?icaeyaeaaieo
aeaeao ?ano?n?a ooieoe?iiaeueii? no?aoaa??. Ia iniia? ?ioi?iaoe??
iao?eoeue o/ano? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue nenoaie a ?aae?caoe?? ?ano?nieo
oa ooieoe?iiaeueieo no?aoaa?e neeaaeathoueny oae? aaeainia?
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy:

ianya ?ano?n?a, ui oi?iothoueny o ?aieao no?aoaa?e no?oeoo?ieo
iaeeieoeue nenoaie, iiaeiai a?aeiia?aeaoe ianyao ?ano?n?a, ui
caaacia/othoueny ?ano?niith no?aoaa??th a oe?eiio;

aeo?aoe ia ?aae?caoe?th ooieoe?iiaeueii? no?aoaa?? a no?oeoo?ieo
iaeeieoeyo nenoaie iiaeii? a?aeiia?aeaoe caaaeuei?e aaee/ei? aeo?ao ia
?aae?caoe?th ooieoe?iiaeueii? no?aoaa??.

I?ae /anoeiaeie no?aoaa?yie, e??i i?yieo, ?niothoue ? a?eueo neeaaei? –
iina?aaei? ca’ycee, ye? i?iyaeythoueny o oiio, ui /anoeia? aeaee
no?aoaa?/ieo ??oaiue oa a?aeiia?aei? ?i aeaee ?ia?o, ye? oa?eoee aei
ooieoe?iiaeueii? /e ?ano?nii? no?aoaa??, ? oiiaith ?aae?caoe?? ?ioeo
no?aoaa?e. Aeey e?euee?nii? ioe?iee nooiaith aca?iica’yceo aeaio
no?aoaa?e i?iiiio?oueny aeei?enoiaoaaoe eiao?oe??io aca?iiae??
no?aoaa?e, ui yaey? niaith ieoiio aaao aeo?ao ia ?aae?caoe?th oeo
no?aoaa?/ieo ??oaiue ? a?aeiia?aeieo ?i ?ia?o a ?aieao ooieoe?iiaeueii?
aai ?ano?nii? no?aoaa??, aeeiiaiiy yeeo ? oiiaith ?aae?caoe?? ?ioi?
ooieoe?iiaeueii? aai ?ano?nii? no?aoaa?? oa ni?ey? caaaeyee oeueiio
aeinyaiaiith ?oi?o oe?eae. Aeey aiae?co ?ic?aoiaaieo eiao?oe??io?a
aca?iiae?? no?aoaa?e aeei?enoiao?oueny oaoiaee aaeain, yeee
a?aeiineoueny aei /enea aa?o?nieo aaeain?a, ? aiae?oe/iei oa i?iaiiciei.

E?euee?noue eiao?oe??io?a aca?iiae?? ii eiaei?e ooieoe?iiaeuei?e oa
?ano?ni?e no?aoaa?? aecia/a? eiioeaio?iaai?noue i?aeno?aoaa?/ieo
ca’yce?a: /ei iaioa e?euee?noue oaeeo eiao?oe??io?a oa ieae/a ?oi?
cia/aiiy, oei a?eueo iacaeaaeiith ? /anoeiaa no?aoaa?y, yea oi?io?oueny,
ye ia aoai? ?? ?ic?iaeaiiy, oae ? ia aoai? ?aae?caoe??, o oiio /ene? ? a
neooaoe?? aianaiiy aei ia? ci?i oa iaaiaee. Iacaeaaei?noue /anoeiai?
no?aoaa?? aeyaey? aieea ia ?? no?ee?noue – /ei a?eueo iacaeaaeia
no?aoaa?y, oei a?eueo aiia no?eea, ine?eueee i?e iecueeiio ??ai?
caeaaeiino? no?aoaa?? a?aeiaaea? iio?aaa i?iaaaeaiiy aaeeei? e?eueeino?
ocaiaeaeaiue c ?ioeie no?aoaa?yie. Aaeeea e?euee?noue eiao?oe??io?a
aca?iiae?? no?aoaa?? oa ?oi? aeniea cia/aiiy na?ae/aoue i?i aenieee
nooi?iue caeaaeiino? no?aoaa??, ui cieaeo? ?? no?ee?noue.
Eiiiainaoe?eiei oaeoi?ii cieaeaiiy no?eeino? no?aoaa?? iiaeiia
aenooiaoe aeniea eaae?o?eaoe?y ia?niiaeo, yeee caeiyoee noi?iaiaeii
no?aoaa??, oa ye?noue caaaeueiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo iaoai?ciii no?aoaa?/iiai
oi?aae?iiy.

Aiae?c no?oeoo?e eiiieaeno /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e aoaea a?eueo aeeaieei oa
iiaiei, yeui ?ioi?iaoe?th, yea iaaaaeaia o iao?e/ieo oa oaoia?e
oaaeeoeyo aaeaino, aeiiiaieoe ?ioeie aeaeaie aeiiii?/ii? ?ioi?iaoe??,
oaeeie, ye aeo?aoe ia ?ic?iaeo eiaeii? no?aoaa??, aeeiai?ea ?icaeoeo
ia’?eo?a no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy ii eiaei?e no?aoaa?? oa niaoeeo?/i?
iniaeeaino? no?aoaa?e.

?icae?e 3. I?aai?caoe?y oi?aae?iiy ?ic?iaeith eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e
?icaeoeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie.

I?aai?caoe?y oi?aae?iiy ?ic?iaeith eiiieaeno /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e
aaco?oueny ia iaaieo i?eioeeiao, ye? aeieeaathoue c aeciaiiy ?aea?, ca
yeith eiiieaen no?aoaa?e, oae naii, ye ? aoaeue-yea /anoeiaa no?aoaa?y
?icaeoeo nenoaie, ? cae?i/aiei oa i?eaeaoiei aei aeei?enoaiiy i?iaeoeoii
oi?aae?inueei? ae?yeueiino?. Aei oeeo i?eioeei?a a?aeianaii oe?eueiaa
oi?aae?iiy, aeiiii?/i?noue, ???a?o?/ia aeaeiiiiceoe?y i?ioeano ?ic?iaee
no?aoaa??, nenoaii?noue, aeueoa?iaoeai?noue, aaeaioeai?noue, cai?ioiee
ca’ycie, oi?aaey?i?noue, noi?ni?noue, nenoaiaoe/iee eiio?ieue i?ioeano
?ic?iaee no?aoaa??. Iiae?aii aoaeue-yeiio i?iaeoeoo, /anoeiaa no?aoaa?y
ia? na?e aeeoo?aee oeeee, ui ?icii/eia?oueny c iiiaioo oi?ioaaiiy
ooiaeaiaioaeueieo no?aoaa?/ieo onoaiiaie ae?yeueiino? aaeeei?
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie ? cae?i/o?oueny aai ?aae?caoe??th
no?aoaa??, aai a?aeiiaith a?ae ia?. I?iiiio?oueny aeae?eeoe o?noue
ia?ae?eaath/eony aoai?a aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo i?ioeano ?ic?iaee /anoeiai?
no?aoaa?? ?icaeoeo AAON, ui iaaaaeaii ia ?en.2, nooi?iue caoaiithaaiiy
ia yeiio oa?aeoa?eco? i??o o/ano? i?aai?caoe?eieo i?ae?icae?e?a o
aeeiiaii? iaaieo ooieoe?e: /ei a?eueoa caoaiiaiiy, oei aeoeai?oa
o/anoue a?aeiia?aeieo i?ae?icae?e?a.

Nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae, ui aeei?enoiao?oueny i?e ?ic?iaoe? eiiieaeno
no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie, aeicaiey?
?icaeyaeaoe eiaeiee aoai oi?ioaaiiy no?aoaa?? o aca?iica’yceo c ?ioeie
aoaiaie a ?oi?e coiiaeaiino?. I?e oaeiio i?aeoiae? eiaeiee aoai
i?aeeyaa? nenoaiii-no?oeoo?iiio aiae?co, i?e yeiio aecia/a?oueny
oe?eueiaa ooieoe?y aoaio, eiai no?oeoo?a oa ci?no, aioo??oi? oa ciai?oi?
ca’ycee. Aiae?coth/e aoai ?ic?iaee /anoeiai? no?aoaa?? oeyoii
a?aeie?aieaiiy eiai no?oeoo?ieo aeaiaio?a, iiaeia aecia/eoe /eiieee oa
oeyoe eiai i?io?eaiiy. O oaeiio aeiaaeeo iiaeeeai aeei?enoaiiy
?ioaa?aeueiiai i?aeoiaeo, ui aeicaiey? oyaeoe oaanue aoai a oe?eiio,
cina?aaeeoe oaaao ia iniiaieo eiai ?enao oa oa?aeoa?enoeeao caaeey
aeinyaiaiiy aieiaii? iaoe – ?ic?iaee eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo AAON.
Ci?no nenoaiii-no?oeoo?iiai aiae?co aoai?a ?ic?iaee no?aoaa??
iaoiiaeaiee ?? aeaeii oa nooiaiai oeaio?ae?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy o nenoai?
a o?e noa?? ae?yeueiino?, yea ? ia’?eoii ?ic?iaee no?aoaa??. I?iaaaeaiiy
nenoaiii-no?oeoo?iiai aiae?co aoai?a ?ic?iaee eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e
?icaeoeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie o ?iaio? i?iiiio?oueny ca
noaiith, ui iaaaaeaii o oaae. 2.

I?aai?caoe?y ?ic?iaee eiiieaeno /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo aaeeei?
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie i?eionea? aecia/aiiy noa’?eo?a aeeiiaiiy
ooieoe?e oi?aae?iiy ?ic?iaeith no?aoaa?e i?e iine?aeiai?e ?aae?caoe??
aoai?a i?ioeano ?ic?iaee, iaae ?oiuei? eiiiaoaioiino? oa anoaiiaeaiiy
aca?iiae?? i?ae niaith. Iaiao?aei?noue a oiio aai ?ioiio
i?aai?caoe?eiiio i?ae?icae?e? aeey aeeiiaiiy eiaeii? ooieoe??, a oaeiae
aeioe?euei?noue ia’?aeiaiiy ooieoe?e caeaaeaoue a?ae aeaeo no?aoaa?? oa
nooiaith oeaio?ae?caoe?? no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy o nenoai?, yea o
cia/i?e i??? iaoiiaeaia aeaeii aca?iiae?? ?? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue. A
?acoeueoao? niaaeiueiai aiae?co c’yaey?oueny iiaeeea?noue
a?aeie?aieaiiy ooieoe?e, ye? ?icina?aaeaeothoueny ii ??cieo ??aiyo
oi?aae?iiy nenoaiith (ia ??ai? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue oa ia ??ai? i?aaio
oi?aae?iiy nenoaiith – aieiaiiai i?aei?e?inoaa (iaoa?einueei? eiiiai??)
aai ooieoe?iiaeueiiai ooaao) ? ii ??cieo i?aai?caoe?eieo i?ae?icae?eao
eiaeiiai ??aiy oi?aae?iiy.

Ooieoe???ic?iaea
oaieaioaaiiyIaneoaiaoaaiiyI?aeaioiaeaaeieoiaio?aAi?iaaoe?yI?aeo?eieaNoi?
ia?aeAoaiOe?ea-aecia

/aiiyAiae?coAe?ia-

eaiiy i?iaii-

coEiino-?oth-aaiiyIoe?iee?aae?-caoe???en. 2. Iao?eoey “aoaie-ooieoe??”

Ooieoe??, ui aeiaaathoueny, o iiaiiio ianyc? iiaeooue aeeiioaaoeny
a?aeiia?aeieie i?ae?icae?eaie no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue i?e ?ic?iaoe?
no?aoaa?? no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe?, ui iiaeeeai i?e a?aeiinii aenieiio
nooiai? aeaoeaio?ae?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy. I?e ?ic?iaoe? no?aoaa?e
no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue o nenoai? c aenieei ??aiai oeaio?ae?caoe??
no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy, a oaeiae i?e ?ic?iaoe? ooieoe?iiaeueieo oa
?ano?nieo no?aoaa?e iio??aai i?aeo?ae, ui a?oioo?oueny ia i?eioeei?
oe?eueiaiai oi?aae?iiy ?ic?iaeith no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo AAON, o
a?aeiia?aeiino? c yeei oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii ?ic?iaee no?aoaa??
?icaeyaea?oueny ye oi?aae?iiy i?iaeoii.

Oaaeeoey 2Aeaiaioe nenoaiii-no?oeoo?iiai aiae?co aoai?a

?ic?iaee eiiieaeno /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo AAONAoai
?ic?iaeeAeaiaioe nenoaiii-no?oeoo?iiai
aiae?cono?aoaa??Oe?eueiaaCi?noCiai?oi? oaooieoe?yaioo??oi?
ca’yceeOe?eaaecia/aiiyAeyaeaiiy noi?niino? oe?eae eiiieaeno
no?aoaa??Oi?ioaaiiy nenoaie oe?eae no?aoaa?eOoiaeaiaioaeuei? no?aoaa?/i?
onoaiiaee oa oe?e? caaaeueii? no?aoaa?? ?icaeoeo AAONAiae?cOi?ioaaiiy
aaciaeo iaeao?a no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo AAONIoe?iea aeinyaiooiai ??aiy oa
ia?niaeoea ?icaeoeo nenoaieCiai?oi? na?aaeiaeuaI?iaiicoaaiiyAe?iaeaiiy
aeiiii?/iiai i?iaiicoAecia/aiiy a?aeiia?aeiino? aaciaeo iaeao?a
no?aoaa?e i?iaiiciaaiiio noaio ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeuaCiai?oi?
na?aaeiaeua (aeine?aeieoeueeee i?iaiic); ?acoeueoaoe aoaio aiae?co
(iiooeiaee i?iaiic)Eiino?othaaiiyOi?ioaaiiy no?aoaa?e o aca?ii?e
coiiaeaiino? o a?aeiia?aeiino? c i?iaiicii ciai?oiueiai
na?aaeiaeua?ic?aooiie e?euee?nieo iieaciee?a no?aoaa?? oa ae?iaeaiiy
ieaio ae?e o caeaaeiino? a?ae ni?aa?aeiioaiue aioo??oi?o oa ciai?oi?o
oaeoi??a?acoeueoaoe i?iaiico ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua oa ioe?iea
a?aeiia?aeiino? ?i aaciaeo iaeao?a no?aoaa?eIoe?ieaAea?? oa ioe?iea
aa??aioo eiino?oeoe?? no?aoaa?? c /enea aeueoa?iaoeaieo?i?oaoe?eia
iiaeaethaaiiy i?ioeano ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?e?acoeueoaoe i?iaiico
ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua oa eiino?othaaiiy no?aoaa?e?aae?caoe?yNoi?ia?ae
i?ioeano ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?? oa o?ainoi?iaoe?y ?? ci?noo a oaeoe/i? oa
iia?aoeai? ieaieIii?oi?eia i?ioeano ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?e oa aeeiai?ee
ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua; ei?aaoaaiiy no?aoaa?e?acoeueoaoe ?aae?caoe??
no?aoaa?e; aeeiai?ea ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua

O ?iaio? cai?iiiiiaaii aeaa i?aeoiaee aei oi?ioaaiiy ooieoe?iiaeueieo
a?oi, ye? aeeiiothoue ooieoe?? oi?aae?iiy ?ic?iaeith no?aoaa?e. Ia?oee
i?aeo?ae aaco?oueny ia cai?iiiiiaai?e eiioeaioe?? cae?eniaiiy
no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeith nenoaiith o oi?i? noai?aiiy eiiieaeno
/anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e ?oiueiai ?icaeoeo oa aeciaiiy aoaeue-yei? no?aoaa??
c ?ic?iaethaaiiai eiiieaeno cae?i/aiei i?iaeoeoii oi?aae?inueei?
ae?yeueiino?.

I?eeiyooy oe??? eiioeaioe?? aeicaiey? aeae?eeoe no?aoaa?/ia oi?aae?iiy
nenoaiith o naiino?eiee aeae ae?yeueiino?, yeee cae?enith?oueny
iino?eii, aeey /iai iaiao?aeii noai?aiiy iino?eii ae?th/eo
ooieoe?iiaeueieo a?oi, ye? caeiathoueny ?ic?iaeith /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e
?icaeoeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie, oiaoi noai?aiiy ia ??ai?
nenoaie o oe?eiio a?aeiia?aeieo i?aai?caoe?eieo i?ae?icae?e?a – a?oie
?ic?iaee oa ieaioaaiiy, a?oie ianeoaiaoaaiiy, a?oie i?aeaioiaee
aeieoiaio?a, a?oie ai?iaaoe??, a?oie i?aeo?eiee oa a?oie noi?iaiaeo.

Oaeee i?aeo?ae aei i?aai?caoe?? aeeiiaiiy ooieoe?e oi?aae?iiy ?ic?iaeith
eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e caaacia/o? niaoe?ae?caoe?th oi?aae?inueei?
ae?yeueiino? ? aeicaiey? caeo/eoe aei no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy
eaae?o?eiaaieo oao?aoe?a. Ia?yaeo c ia?aaaaaie ?icaeyiooiai i?aeoiaeo
?niothoue ? iaaeie?ee, iai?eeeaae, a?ae?ea no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy a?ae
oaeoe/iiai oa iia?aoeaiiai aai ia caaaeaee aei?aaaeaia ca?eueoaiiy
/enaeueiino? oi?aae?inueeiai ia?niiaeo.

Ae?oaee i?aeo?ae aei oi?ioaaiiy ooieoe?iiaeueieo a?oi aeey ?ic?iaee
eiiieaeno /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e i?eionea? iaeneiaeueia aeei?enoaiiy
iiaeeeainoae ?nioth/i? i?aai?caoe?eii? nenoaie oi?aae?iiy AAON.
Iino?eii ae?th/? ooieoe?iiaeuei? a?oie iiaeooue noai?thaaoeny ia aac?
a?aeiia?aeieo aaea ?nioth/eo i?aai?caoe?eieo i?ae?icae?e?a aieiaiiai
i?aei?e?inoaa nenoaie c aeeth/aiiyi aei neeaaeo ooieoe?iiaeueieo a?oi
oao?aoe?a no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue. Eiaeia oaea ooieoe?iiaeueia a?oia ia?
iino?eiiai ea??aieea c iaaieie iiaiiaaaeaiiyie. Aei neeaaeo
ooieoe?iiaeueii? a?oie iiaeooue aoiaeeoe aenia?oe-aiae?oeee, ye?
caeo/athoueny aeey o/ano? a ?ic?iaoe? o??? aai ?ioi? no?aoaa??. Oaeee
i?aeo?ae aei noai?aiiy ooieoe?iiaeueieo a?oi caaacia/o? o?ni?oee
aca?iica’ycie no?aoaa?/iiai, oaeoe/iiai oa iia?aoeaiiai oi?aae?iiy
nenoaiith oeyoii nei?i/aiiy /ano i?ioiaeaeaiiy ?ioi?iaoe?eieo iioie?a.
Iaaeie?eii oeueiai i?aeoiaeo ? aaea ia iiaea?eia, a iio??eia
i?aeii?yaeeoaaiiy ?ic?iaiee?a eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e – aaei?i?no?aoi?o
no?aoaa??, ea??aieeo ooieoe?iiaeueii? a?oie oa ea??aieeo
i?aai?caoe?eiiai i?ae?icae?eo. Aea?? i?aeoiaeo aei noai?aiiy
ooieoe?iiaeueieo a?oi ?ic?iaee eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo aaeeei?
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie caeaaeeoue a?ae eiie?aoieo iniaeeainoae
i?eeiyoi? i?aai?caoe?eii? no?oeoo?e oi?aae?iiy nenoaiith.

Ooieoe?iiaeuei? a?oie, ye? caeiathoueny ?ic?iaeith eiiieaeno /anoeiaeo
no?aoaa?e, iacaeaaeii a?ae oiai, eiio eiie?aoii aiie i?aeei?ythoueny,
iiaeii? aca?iiae?yoe. Noeoii?noue on?o oi/ie, a yeeo aea?
ooieoe?iiaeuei? a?oie aca?iiae?thoue iaeia c iaeiith, yaey? niaith
i?aai?caoe?eio iaaeo. Iniiaiith aeanoea?noth i?aai?caoe?eii? iaae? ?
?iciiae?e a?aeiia?aeaeueiino? (ooi ui ?iaeoue, yeei /eiii, aeey /iai, c
eei oa aeey eiai). O ?iaio? iieacaii, yeei /eiii anoaiiaeaiiy
i?aai?caoe?eieo iaae aeicaiey? aacia?a?aii o ??ciiiai?oieo oi?iao, oaeeo
ye iiaoaii? iaeyaee, i?aoey niaoe?aeueieo eii?n?e, ye? ae?thoue
aacia?a?aii aai ii caaa?oaiith aoaio, eiio?iethaaoe i?ioean ?ic?iaee
no?aoaa??.

?icae?e 4. Oi?ioaaiiy no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai?
nenoaie c aeei?enoaiiyi ia?eoiiai aiae?co.

I?eeiyooy no?aoaa?/ieo ??oaiue i?e ?ic?iaoe? eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e
?icaeoeo aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai o cia/i?e i??? iia’ycaii c
?iaanooaaiiyi eioo?a. I?eeiyooy ?iaanoeoe?eieo ??oaiue i?e ?ic?iaoe?
eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo AAON ia? ?yae iniaeeainoae, ye? coiiaeai?
i?aai?caoe?eiith no?oeoo?ith nenoaie. C iaeiiai aieo, no?aoaa?/i?
??oaiiy iiaeii? ia?aaeaa/aoe ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo ia iaeiiai
i?aei?e?inoaa, a an??? noeoiiino? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue, ye? aoiaeyoue
aei neeaaeo nenoaie, a, c ?ioiai aieo, i?eeiyooy ?iaanoeoe?eieo ??oaiue
o ?aieao eiaeii? no?aoaa?? caeaaeeoue a?ae i?aai?caoe?eii-oaoi?/iiai
??aiy ae?iaieoeoaa no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue oa ??aiy oi?aae?iiy ieie, a
oaeiae iaoiiaeaii eiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noth i?iaeoeoe??, ?ia?o, iineoa,
ui aeioneathoueny ieie. Aiane?aeie oeueiai aeey oi?ioaaiiy no?aoaa?e
?icaeoeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie iaiao?aeia eiiieaenia
ioe?iea noaio eiaeii? no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe?, i?e/iio ioe?iee iiaeii?
aooe c?noaaeai?. Ia iniia? eiiieaenii? ioe?iee ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo
oa ?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue nenoaie aecia/a?oueny
ci?no no?aoaa?e ?, o ia?oo /a?ao, ooieoe?iiaeueieo no?aoaa?e oa
no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue. Aeey iaea?aeaiiy ioe?iee
noaio no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue o ?iaio? i?iiiio?oueny aeei?enoiaoaaoe
ia?eoiee aiae?c, i?e yeiio eiaeia no?oeoo?ia iaeeieoey ?icaeyaea?oueny
ye ia’?eo ?iaanooaaiiy, a ?iaanoeoe?ei? ??oaiiy i?eeiathoueny ia iniia?
e?euee?nii? ioe?iee ?? ae?iaie/i-oaoi?/ieo, aeiiii?/ieo, eiia?oe?eieo
iiaeeeainoae. ?acoeueoaoii ia?eoiiai aiae?co ? ii??aiyi? ?ioaa?iaai?
ioe?iee ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo oa ?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae eiaeii?
no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe?.

Ia’?eoiee aiae?c iiaea aooe aeei?enoaiee ia eeoa aeey ioe?iee noaio
no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue nenoaie i?e oi?ioaaii? eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e. A?i ?
iniiaiei ?ino?oiaioii oi?ioaaiiy oa i?eeiyooy ??oaiue a ?aieao
?iaanoeoe?eii? no?aoaa?? aaeeei? nenoaie a?aeiinii ciai?oi?o ia’?eo?a
?iaanooaaiiy, a oaeiae aeicaiey? i?eeiaoe ??oaiiy ii neeaaeo nenoaie ye
ia aoai? ?? oi?ioaaiiy, oae ? a i?ioean? ei?aaoaaiiy ?? neeaaeo.

Ioe?ieo ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo ia’?eoa ?iaanooaaiiy cai?iiiiiaaii
i?iaiaeeoe ii oaeeo iai?yiao: aiae?c ? ioe?iea noaio oa aeei?enoaiiy
iniiaieo oiiae?a, aecia/aiiy iayaieo a ae?yeueiino? no?oeoo?ii?
iaeeieoe? iaiaaeaiue, aeine?aeaeaiiy i?ia?aneaiino? oaoiieia?/ieo
i?ioean?a, aiae?c aeei?enoaiiy o?oaeiaeo ?ano?n?a, aiae?c oa ioe?iea
yeino? oi?aae?iiy no?oeoo?iith iaeeieoeath. ?eieia? iiceoe?? ia’?eoa
?iaanooaaiiy o ?aieao ia’?eoiiai aiae?co aecia/athoueny
eiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noth eiai i?iaeoeoe?? (?ia?o, iineoa), iiaeeea?noth
caa?aaoe aai iioe?eoe ?eiie caooo. A ?aieao aiae?co ? ioe?iee ?eieiaeo
iiceoe?e ia’?eoa ?iaanooaaiiy cai?iiiiiaaii ?icaeyaeaoe ?ioaineai?noue
eiieo?aioe?? a aaeoc?, aea a?i ae??, eiai i?iaeoeoe?th oa cae?enithaaoe
?? ii??aiyiiy c i?iaeoeoe??th eiieo?aio?a, aecia/eoe noaae?? aeeoo?aiai
oeeeeo i?iaeoeoe??, ui aeionea?oueny, oa ?? ?eieiao i?oo, a oaeiae
a?aeiia?aei?noue i?iaeoeoe?? (?ia?o, iineoa), ui aeionea?oueny,
no?aoaa?? eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? nenoaie o oe?eiio, aeine?aeaeoaaoe
?iiiaaoe?eiee caae?e ii i?aeaeuaiith eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?
i?iaeoeoe??. Iaea?aeaiiy ioe?iie eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? i?iaeoeoe?? a
caeaaeiino? a?ae ?? iniaeeainoae iiaeeeai aai ia iniia? oi/ieo
e?euee?nieo ia?aiao??a i?iaeoeoe??, aai oeyoii aeei?enoaiiy iaoiae?a
aenia?oii? ioe?iee.

?acoeueoaoe ioe?iee ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo oa ?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae
ciai?oiueiai ia’?eoo ?iaanooaaiiy, ye? iaaaaeaii o aeaeyae? nenoaie
iieaciee?a oa aenia?oieo ioe?iie, aaaeei aeei?enoiaoaaoe aeey i?eeiyooy
no?aoaa?/ieo ?iaanoeoe?eieo ??oaiue, ine?eueee aiie oneeaaeiai?
iayai?noth aaeeei? e?eueeino? iieaciee?a oa aenia?oieo ioe?iie, ui
aeiaaathoue iiaeaeueoiai ocaaaeueiaiiy. Iniaeeai aaaeei aeei?enoiaoaaoe
?acoeueoaoe ioe?iee ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo oa ?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae
ciai?oiueiai ia’?eoo ?iaanooaaiiy o aeaeyae? nenoaie iieaciee?a ?
aenia?oieo ioe?iie, yeui a i?ioean? i?eeiyooy ?iaanoeoe?eiiai ??oaiiy
?icaeyaeathoueny aeueoa?iaoeai? ia’?eoe ?iaanooaaiiy. Aac ?ioaa?aoe??
oeeo ioe?iie aeniiaee iiaeooue iineoe noa’?eoeaiee oa?aeoa?, ui
a?aeia?aaea? i?eoeeuei?noue, noeeuei?noue in?a, ye? i?eeiathoue
?iaanoeoe?eia ??oaiiy.

C iaoith iaea?aeaiiy ocaaaeueiaieo ioe?iie ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo oa
?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae ciai?oiueiai ia’?eoo ?iaanooaaiiy a ?iaio?
i?iiiio?oueny aeei?enoaiiy ?ioaa?iaaieo iieaciee?a ioe?iie ae?iaie/iai
iioaioe?aeo oa ?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae, ye? aeicaieythoue caaacia/eoe
ii??aiyi?noue ioe?iie ia’?eo?a. ??ciiiai?oi? niiniae ?ioaa?aoe??
iieaciee?a, ye? aeei?enoiaothoueny a noaoenoeoe?, iniiaai? ia?aaaaeii ia
?ic?aooieo na?aaei?o aaee/ei. O aeaiiio aeiaaeeo aiie ia iiaeooue aooe
canoiniaai?, ine?eueee oe?eeii ?aii?othoue o?ce/io oa aeiiii?/io
nooo?a?noue ioe?ithaaieo iieaciee?a. O ca’yceo c oeei aeey ?ioaa?aoe??
iieaciee?a, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue ae?iaie/ee iioaioe?ae oa ?eieia?
iiaeeeaino? ciai?oiueiai ia’?eoo ?iaanooaaiiy, cai?iiiiiaaiee oaeee
i?aeo?ae.

Aeey eiaeiiai iieacieea c /enea oeo, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue ae?iaie/ee
iioaioe?ae oa ?eieia? iiaeeeaino? ciai?oiueiai ia’?eoo ?iaanooaaiiy,
?ic?iaeaiee ae?aiacii eiai iiaeeeaeo cia/aiue. Oaeee ae?aiacii
?icae?eaii ia aeanyoue ?ioa?aae?a, a eiaeiiio c eio?eo iiaeeeaei
cia/aiiyi iieaciee?a a?aeiia?aea? iaaia e?euee?noue aae?a: /ei e?aua
(aeua aai ieae/a a caeaaeiino? a?ae oa?aeoa?o iieacieea) cia/aiiy
iieacieea, oei a?eueoa e?euee?noue aae?a eiio a?aeiia?aea?. ?ioa?aaee
cia/aiue aeey eiaeiiai iieacieea ?ic?aoiaoaaeenue a?aeiia?aeii aei
?aaeueii iiaeeeaeo eieeaaiue iieacieea ia i?aei?e?inoaao Oe?a?ie. Oeaea
eiaeiiai iieacieea aeicaiey? ia?aeoe a?ae o?ce/ieo cia/aiue iieacieea
aei eiai aaeueii? ioe?iee.

Aeey iieaciee?a, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue ae?iaie/ee iioaioe?ae ia’?eoo
?iaanooaaiiy, aeei?enoiaoaaeeny ??aiii??i? oeaee. Aeey iieaciee?a, ui
oa?aeoa?ecothoue eiai ?eieia? iiaeeeaino?, aeei?enoiaoaaeenue ye
??aiii??i?, oae ? ia??aiii??i? oeaee, ui aecia/athoueny S-ia?aciei
oa?aeoa?ii i?iaeoeoeaiino? i?inoaaiiy oiaa?o ia ?eiie. A ?ic?iaeai?e
iaoiaeeoe? a caeaaeiino? a?ae oa?aeoa?o iieaciee?a aeei?enoiao?oueny
aeae?eueea oei?a oeaee – c iai?yiii ci?ie cia/aiue a?ae i?i?iaeueiiai
aei iaeneiaeueiiai, c iai?yiii ci?ie cia/aiue a?ae iaeneiaeueiiai aei
i?i?iaeueiiai, ii?iaia? oeaee, oeaee, ye? iaiaaeaii aaaeeiaeinyaiaieie
cia/aiiyie iieaciee?a.

?ioaa?iaaia ioe?iea ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo (?IAI) aai ?eieiaeo
iiaeeeainoae (?I?I) ciai?oiueiai ia’?eoo ?iaanooaaiiy aecia/a?oueny
oaeei /eiii:

n?=(Oi) : 10on,(1)i=1aea ? – ?ioaa?iaaia ioe?iea ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo
(?IAI) aai ?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae (?I?I) ia’?eoa ?iaanooaaiiy; Ii –
aaeueia ioe?iea i-ai iieacieea, ui oa?aeoa?eco? ae?iaie/ee iioaioe?ae
aai ?eieia? iiaeeeaino? ia’?eoa ?iaanooaaiiy; i – ?iaeaen iieacieea; n –
e?euee?noue iieaciee?a, ui aeei?enoiaothoueny aeey ioe?iee ae?iaie/iai
iioaioe?aeo aai ?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae ciai?oiueiai ia’?eoa
?iaanooaaiiy.*ei aeua cia/aiiy ?ioaa?iaaiiai iieacieea (?), oei a?eueo
cia/iei ? ae?iaie/ee iioaioe?ae ia’?eoa ?iaanooaaiiy, oei a?eueo noaeeie
? eiai ?eieia? iiceoe??. Ia iniia? cia/aiue ?ioaa?iaaieo iieaciee?a
ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo oa ?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae ciai?oiueiai ia’?eoa
?iaanooaaiiy aecia/a?oueny eean eiai ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino?, aeey
/iai i?iiiio?oueny aeei?enoiaoaaoe iao?eoeth ?iaanoeoe?eii?
i?eaaaeeaino? (?en. 3), a yeee aeaa’youe eean?a ?iaanoeoe?eii?
i?eaaaeeaino? ?ici?uaii ii aecia/aieo ciiao, eiaeia c eio?eo
oa?aeoa?eco? oiiae ?iaanooaaiiy, ye? iaaaaeaii o oaae. 3.

Iao?eoey ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino? iiaea aooe iiaoaeiaaia c ??ciei
?ioa?aaeii cia/aiue ?ioaa?iaaieo iieaciee?a ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo oa
?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae ia’?eoo ?iaanooaaiiy, aea, ye iieacaee ?acoeueoaoe
i?aeoe/iiai canoinoaaiiy iao?eoe?, a?eueo aeioe?eueiei ? ?ioa?aae
cia/aiue iieaciee?a 0,2. Aeae?eaiiy cii a iao?eoe? ?iaanoeoe?eii?
i?eaaaeeaino? cae?eniaii oaeei /eiii, uia iaeei ? oie aea eean
?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino? iaaeoiaeea aei iaei?? ciie.

Ciia iecueei? ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino? ia’?aeio? oae? ia’?eoe, i?e
?iaanooaaii? a ye? caiaeii iiaeooue aooe iio??ai? cia/i? aeiaeaoeia?
?iaanoeoe?? aeey caaacia/aiiy iaeaaeii? aoaeoeaiino? ia?a?nieo
?iaanoeoe?e. ?iaanooaaiiy eioo?a a ia’?eoe, ye? iaeaaeaoue aei ciie
iecueei? ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino?, icia/a?, ui ?iaanoeoe?eia
no?aoaa?y aoaeo?oueny ia i?eaeaaii? iaiao?aeieo i?iieneiaeo ieiu ?
eiioi?eaoe?e oa i?aeoe/ii iiai?e cai?i? ae?iaie/i? aace ia’?eoo.
Iayai?noue a ?iaanoeoe?ei?e no?aoaa?? aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai?
nenoaie ia’?eo?a ?iaanooaaiiy ia?oiai, ae?oaiai oa o?aoueiai eean?a
?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino? iiaea na?ae/eoe i?i ?eceeiaaiee oa?aeoa?
?iaanooaaiiy, i?e yeiio ?icoe?aiiy ae?iaieoeoaa cae?enith?oueny ia ca
?aooiie iiaiai aoae?aieoeoaa, a ca ?aooiie i?eaeaaiiy ia’?eo?a c
iecueeith ?iaanoeoe?eiith i?eaaaeea?noth c ianooiiei ?o oaoi?/iei
ia?aica?i?iiyi oa ?aeiino?oeoe??th.

?ioaa?iaaia ioe?iea ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo

?ioaa?iaaia ioe?iea ?eieiai? i?eaaaeeaino?aei
0.20.21-0.40.41-0.60.61-0.80.81-1Aei 0,
2123450.21-0.4234560.41-0.6345670.61-0.8456780.81-1,056789 ciia
iecueei? ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino?; ciia i?eionoeii?
?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino?; ciia aeniei? ?iaanoeoe?eii?
i?eaaaeeaino?.

?en. 3. Iao?eoey ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino? ia’?eo?a ?iaanooaaiiy

Ia’?eoe ?iaanooaaiiy, ui iio?aieythoue aei ciie i?eionoeii?
?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino?, iathoue a oe?eiio caaeia?eueiee ae?iaie/ee
iioaioe?ae ? aeinoaoiuei aenie? ?eieia? iiaeeeaino?, ui iiaeooue
iaea?aeaoe iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie i?e oe?eueiaeo ?iaanoeoe?yo.

Ciia i?eionoeii? ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino? oa?aeoa?eco? aeoeaiee
oa?aeoa? ?iaanooaaiiy. Ciia aeniei? ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino?
ioiieth? ia’?eoe, ui iathoue aenieee ae?iaie/ee iioaioe?ae oa a?aei?ii?
?eieia? iiaeeeaino?. A iaeaeeae/ee /an aeiaeaoeia? ?iaanoeoe?? a oae?
ia’?eoe iaa?yae /e ciaaeiaeyoueny. Ciia aeniei? ?iaanoeoe?eii?
i?eaaaeeaino? – oea ciia ianeaiiai ?iaanooaaiiy, ine?eueee ?iaanoiaai?
eiooe i?aeoe/ii iiaeooue iae?aco ieoieoeny oa i?eiineoe i?eaooie.
Ianeaia ?iaanooaaiiy ia aeeeth/a? o?iainoaaiiy ci?ie i?io?eth
ae?iaieoeoaa, noeeth ? iaoiae?a iiaaae?iee ia ?eieo.

O a?aeiia?aeiino? aei eeano ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino? ciai?oiueiai
ia’?eoa ?iaanooaaiiy ? oa?aeoa?enoeee ciie ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino?,
c iaeiiai aieo, a, c ?ioiai aieo – aei iaoe ?iaanooaaiiy ?
?iaanoeoe?eieo iiaeeeainoae, i?eeiathoueny ??oaiiy uiaei oi?ioaaiiy
?iaanoeoe?eii? no?aoaa?? AAON.

Oaaeeoey 3Oa?aeoa?enoeea cii ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino?Ciia
?iaanoeoe?eii?

i?eaaaeeaino?Oa?aeoa?enoeea oiia ?iaanooaaiiyCiia iecueei?
?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino??eceeiaaia ?iaanooaaiiy, ui aeiaaa? cia/ieo
aeiaeaoeiaeo ?iaanoeoe?e aeey i?aeneeaiiy ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo oa
?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae ia’?eoo ?iaanooaaiiy; oa?i?ie ieoiiino?
?iaanoeoe?e iiaeooue aooe o?eaaeeie; aoaeoeai?noue ?iaanooaaiiy iiaea
aooe iacia/iith. Oa?aeoa? ?iaanooaaiiy – ?eceeiaaiee.Ciia i?eionoeii?
?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino??iaanooaaiiy c iaaiith /anoeith ?eceeo, ui
aeiaaa? aeiaeaoeiaeo ?iaanoeoe?e aeey i?aeo?eiaiiy ae?iaie/iai
iioaioe?aeo oa ?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae ia’?eoo ?iaanooaaiiy; oa?i?ie
ieoiiino? na?aaei?; aoaeoeai?noue ?iaanooaaiiy aecia/a?oueny aeeiai?eith
aeiiii?ee e?a?ie. Oa?aeoa? ?iaanooaaiiy – aeoeaiee.Ciia aeniei?
?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino??iaanooaaiiy c iacia/iith /anoeith ?eceeo;
aenieoaoaoe?y ia’?eoo iiaeeeaa i?ioyaii iaaiiai oa?i?io aac cia/ieo
aeiaeaoeiaeo ?iaanoeoe?e; oa?i?ie ieoiiino? aenie?; aoaeoeai?noue
?iaanooaaiiy cia/ia. Oa?aeoa? ?iaanooaaiiy – ianeaiee.

Aecia/aiiy eeano ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino? ciai?oiueiai ia’?eoa
?iaanooaaiiy ? anoaiiaeaiiy oa?aeoa?o ?iaanooaaiiy ca aeiiiiiaith ciie
?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino? iiia?aaeaeo? ioe?ieo ia’?eoa ca e?eoa??yie
aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino?.

?icae?e 5. ?iaanoeoe?eia i?aeo?eiea ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa?? aaeeei?
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie.

??oaiiy i?iaeaie eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? oa no?eeino? aaeeeeo
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai ia ?eieo naiei o?niei /eiii iia’ycaia c?
ci?noii oa oaeaee?noth ?aae?caoe?? ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa??, yea aeiaaa?
?iaanoeoe?eii? i?aeo?eiee. C iaoith i?eeiyooy ??oaiiy uiaei
?iaanoeoe?eii? i?aeo?eiee ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa?? i?iiiio?oueny
ioe?ithaaoe iiaiaaaaeaiiy, ye? ia?aaeaa/athoueny aei ?ic?iaee a ?aieao
?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa?? oaeeo nenoai. Ioe?ieo iiaiaaaaeaiue
i?iiiio?oueny cae?enithaaoe ca ye?nieie oa e?euee?nieie e?eoa??yie c
ianooiieo iai?yie?a: cia/ou?noue iiaiaaaaeaiiy, nooi?iue eiai aioiaiino?
aei ?aae?caoe??, ??aaiue ?eceeo i?e ?aae?caoe?? iiaiaaaaeaiiy, ianooaae
?aae?caoe?? ? ianya ?iaanoeoe?e, ye? iio??ai? aeey ?aae?caoe??
iiaiaaaaeaiiy.

Cia/ou?noue iiaiaaaaeaiiy – oea eiai ioe?iea c oi/ee ci?o i/?eoaaieo
?acoeueoao?a a?ae eiai ?aae?caoe??. Iiaiaaaaeaiiy ii ??aith cia/ouino? a
caeaaeiino? a?ae i/?eoaaieo ?acoeueoao?a a?ae ?o ?aae?caoe?? o naiiio
caaaeueiiio aeae? iiae?eythoueny ia i’youe a?oi: iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?
a?aee?eooy (A1), iiaee niin?a ae?iaieoeoaa (A2), i?eioeeiiai iiaa
oaoi?ea, oaoiieia?y, iaoa??aee, aia?aiiin?? (A3), iioi/ia
iiaea?i?caoe?y, yea ni?yiiaaia ia i?aeaeuaiiy oaoi?/iiai ??aiy
ae?iaieoeoaa, yeino? oa eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? i?iaeoeoe??, yea
aeionea?oueny, caa?aaeaiiy iaaeieeoiueiai na?aaeiaeua (A4) oa iia? oi?ie
i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa ? oi?aae?iiy (A5).

A iniiao ?iciiae?eo iiaiaaaaeaiue ia a?oie ca nooiaiai aioiaiino? aei
?aae?caoe?? iieeaaeaii noaae?? aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo iiaiaaaaeaiiy. Ia
iniia? ocaaaeueiaiiy a?o/eciyiiai oa ca?oa?aeiiai aeina?aeo ioe?iee
iiaiaaaaeaiue ca nooiaiai aioiaiino? aei aeei?enoaiiy o ainiiaea?nuee?e
i?aeoeoe? on? iiaiaaaaeaiiy oe?oiiaii iiae?eaii ia n?i a?oi. Oaea
oa?oiiaoaaiiy iaiao?aeia aeey iaa?oioiaaiiai aeai?o e?eoa??th
aeioe?eueiino? ?iaanoeoe?e a ?aae?caoe?th iiaiaaaaeaiue i?e oi?ioaaii?
?iaanoeoe?eii? no?aoaa?? aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie.

Ca ianooaaii ?aae?caoe?? iiaiaaaaeaiiy iiaeooue aooe caaaeueieie oa
eieaeueieie. Caaaeuei? iiaiaaaaeaiiy ?aae?cothoueny a ?aieao an???
nenoaie aai, yeui aiie ?aae?ciaai? a iaei?e no?oeoo?i?e iaeeieoe?, oi
aieeaathoue ia ae?yeuei?noue ?ioeo i?aei?e?inoa, ye? aoiaeyoue aei
neeaaeo nenoaie. Eieaeuei? iiaiaaaaeaiiy ?aae?cothoueny a ie?aieo
no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeyo nenoaie ? ia aeyaeythoue ne?eueee-iaaoaeue
aaaiiiai aieeao ia ae?yeuei?noue ?ioeo no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue.

Aeioe?euei?noue ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?aeo?eiee iiaiaaaaeaiue i?e ?ic?iaoe?
eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie
ioe?ith?oueny ca aeiiiiiaith nenoaie e?eoa???a, aei neeaaeo yei?
aoiaeyoue aeiiii?/i?, oaoi?/i?, i?aai?caoe?ei?, ae?iaie/?, nioe?aeuei?,
aeieia?/i?, i?aaia? e?eoa??? oa e?eoa??e e?ea?aeaoe??. Aea?? e?eoa???a
caeaaeeoue a?ae cia/ouino? iiaiaaaaeaiiy oa nooiaith eiai aioiaiino? aei
?aae?caoe??. Ia ?en. 4 iaaaaeaii noaio i?eeiyooy ?iaanoeoe?eiiai ??oaiiy
uiaei i?aeo?eiee iiaiaaaaeaiiy c aeei?enoaiiyi caaaeaieo e?eoa???a.

Cia/ou?noue iiaiaaa-A4, A5Ioe?ieaI?eeiyooyaeaiiy oa
nooi?iuea?oiaaeioe?eueiino???oaiiyeiai aioiaiino? aei

aenieoaoaoe??1, 2, 3?aae?caoe?? iiaiaaaaeaiiyuiaei i?aeo?eiee
iiaiaaa-aeaiiyA3, A4, A5Caaaeue-AAONa?oia 4, 5ieeIanooaa Aenia?oeca
?aae?caoe??
iiaiaaaaeaiiyEieaeueiee?ic?aooie?aIa?aa??eaNo?oeoo?i?a?aeiia?aeiino?iaee
ieoe?iiaiaaaaeaiiyAAONnoaiaea?oaiOe?eueia?Eaoaeiae,A?aeiia?aea?
ia?aa??i/ieiii?iaoeaei?aeneo?aioe,e?eoa??yii?iniaeoeI?aaiieaioe/i?I?eeiy
ooy ??oaiiy uiaeiiaoiaee?iaanoeoe?eii? i?aeo?eieeiiaiaaaaeaiiyIa
a?aeiia?aea?ia?aa??i/iei e?eoa??yiA?aeiiaa a?ae ?iaanoeoe?eii?i?aeo?eiee
iiaiaaaaeaiiy?en. 4. Noaia i?eeiyooy ??oaiue uiaei ?iaanoeoe?eii?
i?aeo?eiee iiaiaaaaeaiiy

Ia i?aenoaa? ?acoeueoao?a ioe?iee iiaiaaaaeaiue i?iiiio?oueny
cae?enithaaoe ioe?ieo ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa?? aaeeei?
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie. Oaea ioe?iea ia?aaeaa/a? aecia/aiiy ??aiy
i?ia?aneaiino?, ?aaeueiino? oa ?eceeo no?aoaa??, a oaeiae ianyao
?iaanoeoe?eiiai oa ?ano?niiai caaacia/aiiy no?aoaa?? ? aeicaiey?
aecia/eoe ?? oei oa a?aeiia?aei?noue ooiaeaiaioaeueiei no?aoaa?/iei
onoaiiaeai ae?yeueiino? ? no?aoaa?? eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? nenoaie.

Ioe?iea iiaiaaaaeaiue ca oaeeie iai?yiaie, ye ianooaa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
iiaiaaaaeaiiy oa ianya ?iaanoeoe?eieo ?ano?n?a, ui iaiao?aei? aeey eiai
?aae?caoe??, aeicaiey? /?oei aecia/eoe nooi?iue o/ano? eiaeii?
no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe? nenoaie a ?aae?caoe?? ?iaanoeoe?eii? no?aoaa??, a
oaeiae i??o a?aeiia?aeaeueiino? ca ooaaeai? ?iaanoeoe?ei? ??oaiiy, ye?
ia?aaoaathoue a ?? eiiiaoaioe??.

Ni?iiiaei?noue no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe? aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai?
nenoaie cae?enithaaoe i?yi? ?iaanoeoe?? a iiaiaaaaeaiiy aeyaey?oueny o
oiae? ioe?iee ?? ?iaanoeoe?eieo iiaeeeainoae, i?ae yeeie ?icoi??oueny
noia eioo?a, ye? no?oeoo?ia iaeeieoey iiaea aeei?enoiaoaaoe aeey
?iaanooaaiiy o iiaiaaaaeaiiy. Aeey ioe?iee ?iaanoeoe?eieo iiaeeeainoae
no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe? i?iiiio?oueny aeei?enoiaoaaoe iao?eoeth o?iainiaeo
iiaeeeainoae oa o?iainiaeo iio?aa, yea aeicaiey? aeyaeoe i?iaiiciaaio
oaiaeaioe?th ?iaanoeoe?eieo iiaeeeainoae (?I) ia iaeaeeae/ee ia??iae
(?en. 5).

O?iainia?O?iainia? iio?aaeiiaeeeaino? 0 0 0

0

1

?I0

?I=0

?I02

?I03

?I0

0

4

?I0

5

?I=06

?I0

0

7

?I0

8

?I09

?I0

?I0

?I0?en. 5. I?eioeeiiaa noaia iao?eoe? o?iainiaeo iiaeeeainoae oa

o?iainiaeo iio?aa no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe? AAON

?iaanoeoe?ei? iiaeeeaino? no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe? AAON aecia/athoueny ye
??cieoey ?? o?iainiaeo iiaeeeainoae oa o?iainiaeo iio?aa, ii?yaeie
?ic?aooieo yeeo iaaaaeaii o ?iaio?. I?iaiicoth/e ci?io o?iainiaeo
iiaeeeainoae oa o?iainiaeo iio?aa aiane?aeie aieeao aiaeiaaiieo oa
aeciaaiieo /eiiee?a, iiaeia i?iaiicoaaoe ?iaanoeoe?ei? iiaeeeaino?
no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe? ? ?o iiaeeea? ci?ie ( ia ?en. 5 iieacaii
no??eeaie), ?oi?e ianooaa ? ia?aaeaa/oaaia aeei?enoaiiy, a oaeiae
?icaeyiooe ia?niaeoeae o/ano? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue o oi?ioaaii?
?aeeiiai aai caaaeueiiai ?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo aaeeei?
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie, yeee yaey? niaith eiooe, ui aoaeooue
iai?aaeai? ia o?iainoaaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eii? no?aoaa?? nenoaie.

O ?iaio? cai?iiiiiaaii oi?ioaaiiy iaeii??aiaaiai aai aeai??aiaaiai
?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie.
Iaeii??aiaaee athaeaeao oi?io?oueny eeoa ia ??ai? nenoaie a oe?eiio ? ?
?aeeiei. Ca eiai ?aooiie o?iainothoueny an? ?iaanoeoe?ei? i?iaeoe
nenoaie. ?aeeiee athaeaeao oi?io?oueny ii iaoiaeo iiaii? oeaio?ae?caoe??
?iaanoeoe?eieo ?ano?n?a no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue nenoaie. Iiaia
oeaio?ae?caoe?y ?iaanoeoe?eieo ?ano?n?a no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue
aeioe?eueia a ii??aiyeueii iaaaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoaiao, ye?
ii?aeiothoue aeae?eueea no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue, iaeiioeiieo ca ?ici??ii
oa aeaeii ae?yeueiino?, oaoiieia?/ii iia’ycaieo i?ae niaith. Aeciath/e
aaaee oeaio?ae?ciaaiiai i?aeoiaeo aei oi?ioaaiiy ?aeeiiai
?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo, iaiao?aeii a?aecia/eoe, ui eiai aeei?enoaiiy
? aei?aaaeaiei i?e iaaieo oiiaao. Aeai??aiaaee ?iaanoeoe?eiee athaeaeao
AAON oi?io?oueny ia aeaio ??aiyo. Ia ??ai? nenoaie a oe?eiio oi?io?oueny
caaaeueiee athaeaeao, yeee i?ecia/aii aeey ?iaanooaaiiy a ciai?oi?
ia’?eoe, a oaeiae o aaeee? oa iniaeeai cia/ou? aioo??oi? i?iaeoe, ye?
iathoue caaaeueiee oa?aeoa?. Ia ??ai? eiaeii? no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe?
noai?th?oueny aaoiiiiiee ?iaanoeoe?eiee athaeaeao, ui yaey? niaith
aeaea?aei o?iainoaaiiy eai?oaeueieo aeeaaeaiue, ye? ia?aaeaa/aii
no?aoaa??th ?icaeoeo no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe?.

Aeey oi?ioaaiiy caaaeueiiai ?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo aaeeei?
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaee caeeoeiaeo
a?ae?aooaaiue oa /anoeiai? oeaio?ae?caoe?? eioo?a no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue
nenoaie.

Oi?ioaaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo AAON ca iaoiaeii caeeoeiaiai
a?ae?aooaaiiy aeioe?eueii aeei?enoiaoaaoe o oeo nenoaiao, aea no?oeoo?i?
iaeeieoe? caa??aathoue noaoon iiaii? th?eaee/ii? iniae, iathoue aenieee
nooi?iue ainiiaea?nueei? naiino?eiino?, ui oa?aeoa?ii aeey nenoai,
no?oeoo?i? iaeeieoe? yeeo iathoue iacia/i? ?ic?ieioo? oaoiieia?/i?
ca’ycee aai aca?iicaycai? ia o?iainia?e iniia?. ?iaanoeoe?ei? i?iaeoe
oaeeo nenoai /?oei eieae?ciaai?, i?aeoe/ii a?aenooi? i?iaeoe caaaeueiiai
oa?aeoa?o. I?e aeei?enoaii? iaoiaeo caeeoeiaiai i?aeoiaeo o oi?ioaaii?
caaaeueiiai ?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo a?ae?aooaaiiy a?ae ?iaanoeoe?eieo
?ano?n?a no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue aecia/athoueny ?ic?aooieiai; ii?iaoeae
a?ae?aooaaiue a?aenooi?. Iine?aeiai?noue ?ic?aooie?a i?e oi?ioaaii?
?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo aaeeei? nenoaie ca iaoiaeii caeeoeiaeo
a?ae?aooaaiue iaaaaeaii ia ?en. 6.

Caeeoie ?iaanoeoe?eieo ?ano?n?a (+??) no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe?
?icaeyaea?oueny ye ?? aianie aei caaaeueiiai ?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo.
sseui a ?iaanoeoe?ei?e no?aoaa?? ia?aaaaeathoue i?iaeoe eieaeueiiai
oa?aeoa?o, oi oaeee caeeoie aoaea iaaaeeeei.

A?aea?? ?iaanoeoe?eieo i?iaeo?a, ye? ?aae?cothoueny a no?oeoo?i?e
iaeeieoe? AAON, oa aecia/aiiy iio?aae a ?iaanoeoe?eieo ?ano?nao aeey
?oiuei? ?aae?caoe?? (?I)Aecia/aiiy ianyao ?iaanoeoe?eieo ?ano?n?a
no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe?

aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie (??)

Ii??aiyiiy ?iaanoeoe?eii? iio?aae oa iioaioe?eiiai

ianyao ?iaanoeoe?eieo ?ano?n?a (?I oa ??)?I ???I = ???I
???ic?aooiie?aae?caoe?ycaeeoeo ?iaanoeoe?eieo?iaanoeoe?eieo
i?iaeo?aNei?i/aiiy ?iaanoeoe?eieoO?iainiaa i?aeo?eiea
ooieoe?iiaeueiiai?ano?n?a

?? = ?? -?I no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe?iio?aaooaao /e aieiaiiai
i?aei?e?inoaaAecia/aiiyA?aenooi?noue aianeoaianeo no?oeoo?ii?
iaeeieoe?aei caaaeueiiai ?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaooaei
caaaeueiiai?iaanoeoe?eiiaiathaeaeaoo (A)A?ae?aooaaiiy a?aeOe?eueia?
e?aaee-Aeioaoe?? cOi?ioaaiiy?iaanoeoe?eieooe c
ciai?oi?ocaaaeueiiaicaaaeueiiai?ano?n?a
?ioeoaeaea?ae?iaanoeoe?eiiai?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoono?oeoo?ieo

iaeeieoeueathaeaeaoo?Ai=A?aae?caoe?y?aae?caoe?y?iaanoeoe?eieoeieaeueieoi
?iaeo?a caaaeueiiai

i?iaeo?aoa?aeoa?o?en. 6. Oi?ioaaiiy caaaeueiiai ?iaanoeoe?eiiai
athaeaeaoo AAON ca iaoiaeii caeeoeiaeo a?ae?aooaaiue

I?e ia?eoaoiiio ni?aa?aeiioaii? ?iaanoeoe?eieo i?iaeo?a caaaeueiiai oa
eieaeueiiai oa?aeoa?o caeeoie ?iaanoeoe?eieo ?ano?n?a ii nai?e aaee/ei?
iiaea aooe aeinoaoi?i aeey oi?ioaaiiy caaaeueiiai ?iaanoeoe?eiiai
athaeaeaoo nenoaie, oiaoi iiaeiia aeeiioaaoeny ianooiia ??ai?noue:

n?I?i = ?Ac,(2)i=1aea i – ?iaeaen ?iaanoeoe?eiiai i?iaeoo caaaeueiiai
ianooaao; n – e?euee?noue i?iaeo?a caaaeueiiai ianooaao; ?I? – aa?o?noue
?iaanoeoe?eiiai i?iaeoo caaaeueiiai ianooaao; ?Ac – aaee/eia caaaeueiiai
?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo nenoaie.

I?e iaaeeiiaii? ??aiino? (2) eieaeuei? ?iaanoeoe?ei? i?iaeoe, ye?
?aae?cothoueny no?oeoo?ieie iaeeieoeyie, oa ?iaanoeoe?ei? i?iaeoe
caaaeueiiai oa?aeoa?o i?aeeyaathoue aiae?co ? iiaeeeaiio ianooiiiio
ei?aaoaaiith. sseui ? i?ney aiae?co e ei?aaoaaiiy eieaeueieo oa
caaaeueieo ?iaanoeoe?eieo i?iaeo?a ia aeinyaiooa ??ai?noue (2), oi a
oeueiio aeiaaeeo aeey caaa?oaiiy oi?ioaaiiy caaaeueiiai ?iaanoeoe?eiiai
athaeaeaoo aeioe?eueii caeo/aiiy iiceeiaeo ?ano?n?a. O oiio aeiaaeeo,
eiee ?iaanoeoe?ei? ?ano?ne no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe? oe?eeii aeo?a/athoueny
a no?oeoo?i?e iaeeieoe? aai, a?eueo oiai, ?o ia aenoa/a? ia o?iainoaaiiy
eieaeueieo ?iaanoeoe?eieo i?iaeo?a, aianie no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe? aei
caaaeueiiai ?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo ia cae?enith?oueny.

sseui aaee/eia ?iaanoeoe?eieo ?ano?n?a iaioa, i?ae iio?aaa a ieo, oi o
oeueiio aeiaaeeo no?oeoo?ia iaeeieoey iiaeiia aai nei?i/oaaoe
?iaanoeoe?ei? iio?aae, aai caa?oaoeny ca o?iainiaith i?aeo?eieith aei
i?aai?a oi?aae?iiy AAON (aieiaia i?aei?e?inoai aai ooieoe?iiaeueiee
ooaa), ye? i?eeiathoue ??oaiiy uiaei niinia?a a?aeoeiaeoaaiiy ianoaoeo
?iaanoeoe?eieo ?ano?n?a.

*anoeiai oeaio?ae?ciaaiee iaoiae i?eionea? oeaio?ae?ciaaiee ii?yaeie
ciai?oi?o aeieao an?o no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue aaeeei? nenoaie ?
oi?ioaaiiy caaaeueiiai ?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo ia iniia? ii?iaoea?a
a?ae?aooaaiue a?ae ?iaanoeoe?eieo ?ano?n?a no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue.

AENIIAEE

A aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? ia iniia? i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue cae?eniaii
oai?aoe/ia ocaaaeueiaiiy oa i?aeoe/ia ??oaiiy aeooaeueii? eiiieaenii?
i?iaeaie iaoiaeieia?/iiai caaacia/aiiy oi?ioaaiiy iaoai?cio
no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie
i?iieneiaino?. Iniiai? aeniiaee oa ?acoeueoaoe, ye? aeieeee ?c iaoeiaiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy, caiaeyoueny aei oaeiai:

1.Iieacaii, ui iniiaiith ia?aaeoiiaith oi?ioaaiiy o i?iieneiaino?
aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai ? ?ioaa?aoe?ei? i?ioeane a
aeiiii?oe?. Aeioe?euei?noue ooieoe?iioaaiiy aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo
nenoai iaa?oioiaaii ia?aaaaaie ?oiuei? ae?yeueiino?. Iaaaaeaii
nenoaiaoecaoe?th i?aai?caoe?eieo oi?i ae?yeueiino? aaeeeeo
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai i?iieneiaino? ? ?icaeyiooi iniaeeaino?
?oiueiai ooai?aiiy oa ae?yeueiino?.

2. Aeaia no?oeoo?a aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo
nenoai, oe?e? oa ci?no eiaeiiai aoaio aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo, aecia/aii
e?eoa??? ianooio iaaoaeoeaieo oac oeeee?/iiai ?icaeoeo AAON. Iieacaia
iiaeeea?noue iiaeaethaaiiy ?aoe?iiaeueiiai i?aeai?o no?oeoo?ieo
iaeeieoeue ia ia?oiio aoai? aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo ? aeey ia??oiooaaiiy iiai?
no?oeoo?e aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie ia aoai? ei?aaoaaiiy i?e
cieaeaii? aeio?aeiino? ie?aieo no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue aai nenoaie o
oe?eiio.

3. Aecia/aii ci?no i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ooieoe?iioaaiiy
aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai, iniiaiei i?ecia/aiiyi yeiai ?
caaacia/aiiy i?ioeano aca?iiae?? an?o no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue; ?icaeyiooi
oi?ie aca?iiae?? no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue oa aeine?aeaeaii oaeoi?e, ui
iaoiiaeththoue aea?? oaeeo oi?i.

4. Oai?aoe/ii iaa?oioiaaii aeaiaioe iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy
aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie oa niiniae ?oiuei? ?aae?caoe??.
?ic?iaeaii eiioeaioe?th oi?ioaaiiy iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy
aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie i?iieneiaino?, ui a?aoiao?
iniaeeaino? ?oiuei? ae?yeueiino?. Iaoai?ci no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy
oaeeie nenoaiaie ia?aaeaa/a? aea?? i??i?eoao?a ooiaeaiaioaeueii?
no?aoaa?/ii? onoaiiaee ?icaeoeo nenoaie, no?aoaa?? caaacia/aiiy
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?, aeiaaino?ieiaa ieaioaaiiy, ?ic?iaeo caaaeueii?
no?aoaa?? ?icaeoeo oa eiiieaen /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e, ye? iaea?aeai? ye
iane?aeie ???a?o?/ii? aeaeiiiiceoe?? iaoai?cio.

5. ?ic?iaeaii niiniae ioe?iee /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e ? oeyoii no?oeoo?iiai
aiae?co iaa?oioiaaii i?aeoiaee aei caaacia/aiiy caaeainiaaiino?
eiiieaeno /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e ?icaeoeo aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo
nenoai i?iieneiaino?.

6. Cai?iiiiiaaii i?aai?caoe?th oi?aae?iiy ?ic?iaeith eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e
?icaeoeo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie i?iieneiaino? ia iniia?
i?eioeei?a oi?aae?iiy, ye? ? iane?aeeii aeciaiiy eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e,
oae naii, ye ? ie?aii? no?aoaa??, cae?i/aiei ? i?eaeaoiei aei
aeei?enoaiiy i?iaeoeoii oi?aae?inueei? ae?yeueiino?. Iaaaaeaii no?oeoo?o
aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo /anoeiai? no?aoaa??, yea neeaaea?oueny c o?noueio
aoai?a, ui ia?ae?eaathoueny. Iieacaii ?aae?caoe?th ooieoe?e oi?aae?iiy
?ic?iaeith /anoeiai? no?aoaa?? ia eiaeiiio aoai? aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo.
Iaa?oioiaaii i?aeoiaee aei aecia/aiiy noa’?eo?a aeeiiaiiy ooieoe?e
oi?aae?iiy ?ic?iaeith eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e i?e iine?aeiai?e ?aae?caoe??
aoai?a i?ioeano ?ic?iaee, iaae eiiiaoaioiino? oa anoaiiaeaiith
aca?iiae?? noa’?eo?a ?aae?caoe?? ooieoe?e oi?aae?iiy i?ae niaith.

7. Aecia/aii iniiai? iai?yiee ioe?iee iiaiaaaaeaiue, ye? ia?aaeaa/oaaii
aei ?ic?iaee a ?aieao ?aae?caoe?? ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa?? aaeeei?
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie, ui i?eioneathoue ioe?ieo cia/ouino?
iiaiaaaaeaiiy, nooiaith aioiaiino? iiaiaaaaeaiiy aei ?aae?caoe??, ?eceeo
i?e ?aae?caoe?? iiaiaaaaeaiiy, ianooaa?a ?aae?caoe?? iiaiaaaaeaiiy oa
iio??aiiai ianyao ?iaanoeoe?e aeey ?aae?caoe?? iiaiaaaaeaiiy. Iaaaaeaii
oe?oiiaia oa?oiiaoaaiiy ?iaanoeoe?e a iiaiaaaaeaiiy a caeaaeiino? a?ae
??aiy cia/ouino? iiaiaaaaeaiue ? nooiaiy ?oiuei? aioiaiino? aei
?aae?caoe??; oaea oa?oiiaoaaiiy iaiao?aeia aeey iaa?oioiaaiiai aeai?o
e?eoa??th aeioe?eueiino? ?iaanoeoe?e a ?aae?caoe?th iiaiaaaaeaiue i?e
oi?ioaaii? ?iaanoeoe?eii? no?aoaa?? aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai?
nenoaie. Iaa?oioiaaii nenoaio e?eoa???a aeioe?eueiino? ?iaanoeoe?eii?
i?aeo?eiee ?aae?caoe?? iiaiaaaaeaiue oa iaaaaeaii eeaneo?eaoe?th oaeeo
e?eoa???a.

8.Cai?iiiiiaaii iai?yiee ioe?iee ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa?? aaeeeeo
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai, ui aeicaieythoue aecia/eoe ??aaiue
i?ia?aneaiino?, ?aaeueiino?, ?eceeo oa ?iaanoeoe?eieo aeo?ao o i?ioean?
?ic?iaee ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa?? ? ?? a?aeiia?aei?noue i??i?eoaoai
ooiaeaiaioaeueii? no?aoaa?/ii? onoaiiaee ?icaeoeo oa ia?aii? no?aoaa??
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? nenoaie.

9. ?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeeo ia?eoiiai aiae?co, ui aeei?enoiao?oueny ye i?e
ioe?ioe? noaio no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo
nenoai c iaoith aecia/aiiy iai?yi?a oaeineiiaeaiiy ?oiueiai oaoi?/iiai
??aiy oa ?eieiaeo iiceoe?e i?e oi?ioaaii? eiiieaeno no?aoaa?e, oae ?
aeey aecia/aiiy ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino? ciai?oieo ia?eo?a
?iaanooaaiiy. Oaea iaoiaeeea iniiaaia ia ?ioaa?aeuei?e ioe?ioe?
ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo e ?eieiaeo iiaeeeainoae ia?eo?a, eio?a
aecia/a?oueny ca aeiiiiiaith iao?eoe? ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino?. Aeey
iiaoaeiae iao?eoe? ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino? cai?iiiiiaaiee i?aeo?ae
aei ?ioaa?oaaiiy iieaciee?a ioe?iee ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo e ?eieiaeo
iiaeeeainoae ia’?eoo ?iaanooaaiiy, ui a?oioo?oueny ia aaeuei?e ioe?ioe?
iieaciee?a, ye? oa?aeoa?ecothoue ae?iaie/ee iioaioe?ae oa ?eieia?
iiaeeeaino?.

10. Cai?iiiiiaaii i?aeoiaee aei oi?ioaaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eiiai athaeaeaoo
aaeeeeo ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeo nenoai, ui aeicaieyoue, aeoiaey/e c?
nooiaith ainiiaea?nueei? naiino?eiino? oa aeaeo aca?iica’yceo
no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue, aecia/eoe aeae athaeaeaoo – iaeii??aiaaee aai
aeai??aiaaee. ?ic?iaeaii iaoiaee oi?ioaaiiy caaaeueiiai ?iaanoeoe?eiiai
athaeaeaoo aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie, ui a?aoiaothoue ianooaa
?aae?caoe?? iiaiaaaaeaiue oa ?acoeueoaoe i?iaiico ?iaanoeoe?eieo
iiaeeeainoae no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue. Aeey i?iaiicoaaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eieo
iiaeeeainoae no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue aaeeei? ae?iaie/i-o?iainiai? nenoaie
aeei?enoaii iao?eoeth o?iainiaeo iiaeeeainoae ? o?iainiaeo iio?aa, yea
aeicaieeoue iaea?aeaoe caaaeueio iiia?aaeith ioe?ieo ?iaanoeoe?eieo
iiaeeeainoae, aeaoe i?iaiic ?oiuei? aeeiai?ee, ?icaeyiooe aa??aioe
oi?ioaaiiy oeyoii eiia?ioaaiiy cia/aiue o?iainiaeo iiaeeeainoae oa
o?iainiaeo iio?aa ? aea?aoe iie?oeeo aeei?enoaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eieo
?ano?n?a no?oeoo?ii? iaeeieoe?.

IA?AE?E INIIAIEO IIOAE?EIAAIEO AAOI?II I?AOeUe CA OAIITH AeENA?OAOe??

1. Eica/aiei A.A. Iaoaieci oi?ie?iaaiey no?aoaae/aneiai oi?aaeaiey
e?oiiuie i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oeiainiauie nenoaiaie i?iiuoeaiiinoe. –
Aeiiaoee: EYI IAI Oe?aeiu, 1998. – 348 n.

2. Eica/aiei A.A., AEeoiue I.A., Aaoiiiiia N.A. Eiaanoeoeeiiiay
iiaeaea?aeea eiiiaaoeeiiiuo ?aoaiee a e?oiiuo i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo nenoaiao
/Iiae ?aae. A.I. Aii/a?iaa. – E.: Oaoieea, 1998. – 127 n.

Iniaenoee aianie aaoi?a: aeine?aeaeaii ia?aaeoiiae oi?ioaaiiy aaeeeeo
oi?i i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa, iaaaaeaii no?oeoo?o ?oiueiai aeeoo?aiai
oeeeeo, iaa?oioiaaii iaoai?ci aca?iiae?? aeaiaio?a aaeeeeo oi?i
i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa, aecia/aii i?eioeeiia? i?aeoiaee aei
i?aai?caoe?? no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy oa cai?iiiiiaaii i?aeoiaee aei
?ic?iaee oa ?aae?caoe?? ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa?? o aaeeeeo oi?iao
i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa.

3. Eica/aiei A.A., Inuea A.I. Oi?aaeaiea eiaanoeoeeyie: O/aaiia iiniaea.
– Eoaaine: AOAO, 1996. – 136 n.

Iniaenoee aianie aaoi?a: aeeeaaeaii ieoaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eiiai eai?oaeo e
?iaanoeoe?eiiai i?ioeano, oi?ioaaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eii? no?aoaa??
i?aei?e?inoaa, oi?ioaaiiy oa ioe?iee ?iaanoeoe?eiiai ii?ooaey
i?aei?e?inoaa, ieaioaaiiy eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiue ii ?iaanoeoe?eiiio i?iaeoo
(i?ia?ai?), aiae?co ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?eaaaeeaino? ia’?eo?a ?iaanooaaiiy
oa ?iaanoeoe?eieo oe?iieo iaia??a.

4. Eica/aiei A.A., Aii/a?ia A.I., Aeoaeia A.E. Naaeaine?iaaiiia
ieaie?iaaiea caaioiaeoaeueiiai i?iecaiaenoaa. – E.: Oaoieea, 1987. – 142
n.

Iniaenoee aianie aaoi?a: ?ic?iaeaii iiaeae? aioo??ae?iaie/eo aaeain?a,
ye? aeei?enoiaothoueny o iioi/iiio e iia?aoeaiiio ieaioaaii?
ae?iaieoeoaa.

5. Iicaeaaa N.E., Eica/aiei A.A. O/ao, yeiiiie/aneee aiaeec e
eiiieaeniia ieaie?iaaiea eiia/iiai i?iaeoeoa n o/aoii i?iiaaeooi/iuo
caaiueaa i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai oeeeea iaoiaeii aioo?eio?aneaauo
i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo aaeainia: Iaoiaee/aneea ?aeiiaiaeaoeee.-
Ai?ioeeiaa?aae: AIOeIOE, 1976. – 46 n.

Iniaenoee aianie aaoi?a: ?ic?iaeaii ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei iao?e/iiai
iiaoaeoaaiiy aioo??aaeocaaiai aaeaino oa oi?ioaaiiy eiao?oe??io?a
iao?eoe?.

6. Eica/aiei A.A. Ieaie?iaaiea eaieoaeiaeiaeaiee ia i?iiuoeaiiuo
i?aaei?eyoeyo Oe?aeiu // Aanoiee Ainoi/iioe?aeineiai ainoaea?noaaiiiai
oieaa?neoaoa. – Eoaaine: AOAO. – 1996. – N. 44-49 .

7. Eica/aiei A.A. No?aoaaey ?acaeoey e?oiiuo i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo oi?i
i?iecaiaenoaa // A?niee No?aeiioe?a?inueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo.
– Eoaainuee: NOAeO. – 1997. – ?2(6). – N. 81- 87 .

8. Eica/aiei A.A. Eiioeaioeey ?ac?aaioee no?aoaaee e?oiiuo
i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiauo oi?i i?iecaiaenoaa //A?niee
No?aeiioe?a?inueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo. – Eoaainuee: NOAeO. –
1997. – ?3(7). – N. 12- 17 .

9. Eica/aiei A.A. Oi?ie?iaaiea no?aoaae/aneeo ?aoaiee a oi?aaeaiee
e?oiiuie i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oeiainiauie nenoaiaie a i?iiuoeaiiinoe
//Aecian-eioi?i. – 1998. – ? 6. – N. 89-93.

10. Eica/aiei A.A. Eiioeaioeey no?aoaae/aneiai oi?aaeaiey e?oiiuie
i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oeiainiauie nenoaiaie a i?iiuoeaiiinoe //A?niee
Oa?e?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aeiiii?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. – Oa?e?a: OAeAO. –
1998. – ?1(5). – N. 18-24.

11. Eica/aiei A.A. E?oiiua i?iecaiaenoaaiiua nenoaiu a yeiiiieea Oe?aeiu
// Iaoa?eaeu iaaeaeoia?. iao/ii-i?aeo. eiio. “Yeiiiie/aneea e
nioeeaeueiua oaoiieiaee ia?aoiaeiiai iauanoaa”. – Ia?iue: IAO, 1997. –
N. 203-205.

12. Eica/aiei A.A. I?aaeaa?eoaeueiay ioeaiea eiaanoeoeeiiiuo
aiciiaeiinoae i?aaei?eyoey //Iaoa?eaeu iaaeaeoia?. iao/i. eiio. “
Oi?aaeaiea eiaanoeoeeiiiuie i?iaeoaie a yeiiiieea ia nia?aiaiiii yoaia.”
– *aeyaeine: *AO, 1997. – N.91-93.

13. Eica/aiei A.A. Oi?aaeaiea ii?ooaeai ?ano?nia i?aaei?eyoey //
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14. Eica/aiei A.A I?aaiecaoeey acaeiiaeaenoaey no?oeoo?iuo aaeeieoe a
e?oiiuo i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oeiainiauo nenoaiao // I?aaiecaoi?
i?iecaiaenoaa. – 1998. – ?1(6). – N. 88-91.

15. Eica/aiei A.A. Oi?ie?iaaiea eiaanoeoeeiiiiai athaeaeaoa e?oiiuo
i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo no?oeoo? //Aanoiee Oa?ueeianeiai ainoaea?noaaiiiai
iieeoaoie/aneiai oieaa?neoaoa. – Oa?ueeia: OAIO. – 1998. – ?14. –
N.13-24.

16. Eica/aiei A.A. Eeanneoeeaoeey e?oiiuo i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oeiainiauo
nenoai a i?iiuoeaiiinoe // I?iaeaiu ?acaeoey i?aaei?eyoee ?aaeiia a
oneiaeyo ?uii/iie yeiiiieee. – Eoaaine: IAI “EIO”, 1998. – N. 77-78.

17. Eica/aiei A.A. I?aaiecaoeeiiii-oi?aaeai/aneea aniaeou ?ac?aaioee
eiiieaena /anoiuo no?aoaaee e?oiiuo i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oeiainiauo nenoai
i?iiuoeaiiinoe// I?iaeaiu yeiiiieee e i?aaiecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo e
nioeeaeueiuo nenoai. *.2 – Iiai/a?eanne: IAOO, 1998. – N.65-75.

18. Eica/aiei A.A. I?aaiecaoeey no?aoaae/aneiai oi?aaeaiey. – Eoaaine:
O?E “Oe?IOA?”, OeIOYE , ? 2-98, 1997. – 4 n.

19. Kozachenko A.V., Ivaschenko E.A. The objective analysis in
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Iniaenoee aianie aaoi?a: aecia/aii ci?no oa no?oeoo?o ia’?eoiiai
aiae?co.

20. Eica/aiei A.A. Eiaanoeoeeiiiay iiaeaea?aeea eiiiaaoeeiiiie no?aoaaee
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?12. – N. 49-53.

21. Eica/aiei A.A. Eniieueciaaiea aaeainiauo iiaeaeae i?e ?ac?aaioea
eiiieaena no?aoaaee e?oiiuo i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oeiainiauo nenoai
i?iiuoeaiiinoe // //A?niee No?aeiioe?a?inueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
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22. Eica/aiei A.A., Iaeueieeiaa E.O. Niiniau nieaeaiey ?enea a
oeiainiaii iaiaaeaeiaioa i?iiuoeaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee// ?acthia aeieeaaeia
iaaeaeoia?. iao/.-i?aeo. eiio. “Ooieoeeiie?iaaiea i?aaei?eyoee a ia?eiae
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Iniaenoee aianie aaoi?a: cai?iiiiiaaii niiniae cieaeaiiy o?iainiaiai
?eceeo o ae?yeueiino? i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa.

23. Eica/aiei A.A., Eiaaeiiaa A.E. Iaeiaiaay nenoaia eae noeioeyoi?
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iao/i.-i?aeo. eiio. “Yeiiiie/aneea i?iaeaiu onei?aiey
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Iniaenoee aianie aaoi?a: cai?iiiiiaaii aaanoe aei neeaaeo iaeiao
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24. Ea?iianeee A.ss., Eica/aiei A.A. Yenia?oiay nenoaia a oi?aaeaiee
i?aaei?eyoeai// Aaoiiaoecaoeey oi?aaeaiey iaoeiino?ieoaeueiui
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Iniaenoee aianie aaoi?a: ?ic?iaeaii i?aeoiaee aei oi?aae?iiy
i?aei?e?inoaii, ye? i???ioiaai? ia aeei?enoaiiy aenia?oieo nenoai,
aecia/aii noeoii?noue oi?aae?inueeeo caaaeaiue, ye? aoaeoeaii
ae??oothoueny ca ?o aeiiiiiaith.

25. Eica/aiei A.A. Iaeioi?ua aii?inu nenoaiiiai aiaeeca eiioeaio?aoeee
e niaoeeaeecaoeee caaioiaeoaeueiiai i?iecaiaenoaa iaoeiino?iaiey a
?aaeiia //Oac. aeiee. iao/. eiio. “Aeooaeueiua aii?inu iiauoaiey
yooaeoeaiinoe ?aaeiiaeueiie yeiiiieee”. – Ieine: EY AI ANN?,
1983.-N.36-37.

Aiioaoe?y

Eica/aiei A.A. Oi?ioaaiiy iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie
ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie i?iieneiaino?. – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a aeiiii?/ieo iaoe ca
niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.07.01 – aeiiii?ea i?iieneiaino?. – ?inoeooo
aeiiii?ee i?iieneiaino? IAI Oe?a?ie, Aeiiaoeuee, 1998.

A aeena?oaoe?? ?icaeyiooi ieoaiiy oi?ioaaiiy iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai
oi?aae?iiy aaeeeeie ae?iaie/i-o?iainiaeie nenoaiaie (AAON) a
i?iieneiaino?: aeaia no?oeoo?a aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo AAON, iaa?oioiaaii
aeaiaioe iaoai?cio no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy oa i?aeoiaee aei ?oiuei?
?aae?caoe??, ii?aoeueiaaii i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeee aniaeo ?ic?iaee
eiiieaeno /anoeiaeo no?aoaa?e AAON. Iaa?oioiaaii i?aeoiaee aei ioe?iee
iiaiaaaaeaiue a ?aieao oi?ioaaiiy ?iiiaaoe?eii? no?aoaa??; ?ic?iaeaii
no?oeoo?o oa ci?no ia?eoiiai aiae?co, ui ? iniiaith oi?ioaaiiy
?iaanoeoe?eii? no?aoaa??.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: iaoai?ci, no?aoaa?y, aiae?c, nenoaia, iiaiaaaaeaiiy,
ioe?iea, i?aai?caoe?y, ?iaanoeoe??.

Aiiioaoeey

Eica/aiei A.A. Oi?ie?iaaiea iaoaiecia no?aoaae/aneiai oi?aaeaiey
e?oiiuie i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oeiainiauie nenoaiaie i?iiuoeaiiinoe. –
?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea iao/iie noaiaie aeieoi?a yeiiiie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.07.01 – yeiiiieea i?iiuoeaiiinoe. – Einoeooo
yeiiiieee i?iiuoeaiiinoe IAI Oe?aeiu, Aeiiaoee, 1998.

A aeenna?oaoeee ?anniio?aiu aii?inu oi?ie?iaaiey iaoaiecia
no?aoaae/aneiai oi?aaeaiey e?oiiuie i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oeiainiauie
nenoaiaie (EION) a i?iiuoeaiiinoe: aeaia no?oeoo?a aeeciaiiiai oeeeea
EION, iainiiaaiu yeaiaiou iaoaiecia no?aoaae/aneiai oi?aaeaiey e
iiaeoiaeu e eo ?aaeecaoeee, enneaaeiaai i?aaiecaoeeiiii-oi?aaeai/aneee
aniaeo ?ac?aaioee eiiieaena /anoiuo no?aoaaee EION. Iainiiaaiu iiaeoiaeu
e ioeaiea iiaiaaaaeaiee a ?aieao oi?ie?iaaiey eiiiaaoeeiiiie no?aoaaee;
?ac?aaioaiu no?oeoo?a e niaea?aeaiea iauaeoiiai aiaeeca, yaeythuaainy
iniiaie oi?ie?iaaiey eiaanoeoeeiiiie no?aoaaee.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: iaoaieci, no?aoaaey, aiaeec, nenoaia, iiaiaaaaeaiea,
ioeaiea, i?aaiecaoeey, eiaanoeoeee.

Annotation

Kozatchenko A.V. The formation of mechanism of strategy management
in large manufacturing and financial systems of industry .–
Manuscript.

Thesis for a doctor’s degree by speciality 08.07.01 – industrial
tconomics. – The Institute of Industrial Economics in Power of National
Academy of Science of Ukraine, Donetsk , 1998.

The thesis covers the following issues of formation of strategy
management mechanism in large industrial manufacturing and financial
systems : life cycle structure of LMFS; basis for strategy management
mechanism elements and approaches to their realization; organizational
and managerial aspect of complex of LMFS particular strategies working
out . The approaches to innovations’ evaluation within the innovation
strategy formation, structure and contents of object analysis which is
the basis of investmentstrategy formation have been worked out.

Key words : mechanism, strategy, analysis, system, innovation,
evaluation, organization, investments.

I?aeienaii aei ae?oeo 1.10.1998 ?. Oi?iao 60o84 1/16 2 ae.a.

Oe?aae 100 aecaiiey??a. Caeac ?

?ioai?eio NOAeO. 348034, i. Eoaainuee, eaa?oae Iieiae?aeiee, 20A.

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