.

Аеродинамічні характеристики несучих систем літальних апаратів із співосними гвинтовими рушіями: Автореф. дис… канд. техн. наук / Є.О. Українець, Ки

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Ee?anueeee i?aeia?iaeiee oi?aa?neoao oeea?eueii? aa?aoe??

OAeE 533.662

Oe?a?iaoeue ?aaai Ieaenaiae?iae/

Aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee iano/eo nenoai e?oaeueieo aia?ao?a c

ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie

Niaoe?aeuei?noue 05.07.01 Aa?iaeeiai?ea oa aaciaeeiai?ea e?oaeueieo
aia?ao?a.

Aaoi?aoa?ao

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe

Ee?a – 1999 ?.

Aeena?oaoe?y ? ?oeiienii

?iaioa aeeiiaia a Oa?e?anueeiio ?inoeooo? eueio/ee?a AIN Oe?a?ie

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe Ie?ai?iae TH.?.,

ia/aeueiee eaoaae?e aa?iaeeiai?ee oa aeeiai?ee iieueioo

Oa?e?anueeiai ?inoeoooo eueio/ee?a AIN Oe?a?ie

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, ??io?i A.O.,

Aieiaa iaoeiai? ?aaee AIOE ?i. I.E. Aioiiiaa

eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe Oeaa? ?.I.

aeioeaio eaoaae?e aeui? iaoaiaoeee Ee?anueeiai i?aeia?iaeiiai
oi?aa?neoaoo oeea?eueii? aa?aoe??

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: Oa?e?anueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?ieini?/iee oi?aa?neoao
(OA?)

Caoeno aeena?oaoe?? a?aeaoaeaoueny “22” “ea?oiy” 1999 ?ieo i 14.30
ia can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 26.062.05 o
Ee?anueeiio i?aeia?iaeiiio oi?aa?neoao? oeea?eueii? aa?aoe?? ca
aae?anith:

252058, Ee?a-58, I?iniaeo Einiiiaaoa Eiia?iaa 1, EIOOeA, ei?ion 9, aoae.
9.308

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? oi?aa?neoaoo.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “19” “aa?aciy” 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 26.062.05

eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio A.A.
Aaneaeiaa

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie

Aeniea aoaeoeai?noue aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia iaeeo oaeaeeinoyo iieueioo
coiiaeth? ?o oe?iea canoinoaaiiy a no/ani?e aa?aoe??. Iia?o?yiee aaeio
caeeoa?oueny na?eiciei eiieo?aioii ?aaeoeaiei ?oo?yi, caaieiaoth/e
iaeano? ana a?eueoeo oaeaeeinoae. I?ioa, aa?iaeeiai?ea aaeioiaiai ?oo?y,
eiai aieea ia aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee iano/eo nenoai, aea/ai?
iaaeinoaoiuei iiaii.

I?aea?? aaeioiaiai ?oo?y aei e?oaeueiiai aia?aoo caaaeaee eiii?ii?n,
ni?iaa caaeiaieueieoe noia?a/eeaei aeiiaai aeinoaoiuei? oyae ? aenieiai
eiao?oe??ioa ei?enii? ae?? i?e iaiaaeaii? aaiiao?e/ieo ?ici???a.
O?aaeeoe?eii oey i?iaeaia ae??oo?oueny ca?eueoaiiyi /enea eiiaoae
aaeioiaiai ?oo?y, aai ca?eueoaiiyi e?eueeino? naieo aaeioiaeo ?oo??a.
Iniaeeai aoaeoeaiei aeyaey?oueny canoinoaaiiy ni?ainieo aaeioiaeo ?oo??a
i?ioeeaaeiiai iaa?oaiiy, caeaoieo aac ao?aoe eiao?oe??ioa ei?enii? ae??
? ca?eueoaiiy ae?aiao?a ciyoe c aeaeaoia ?noioii a?eueoo, i?e
iaeii?yaeiiio aaeioiaiio ?oo??, iiooaei?noue. E??i oiai, iaaeoa
ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie a?eueo ni?eyoeeai a?aeaeaa?oueny ia
aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoeeao iano/eo nenoai, i?ae iaaeoa
iaeii?yaeieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie, ? oea ieoaiiy aeiaaa? iiaeaeueoiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy.

A iei?oi?e /an aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee iano/eo nenoai e?oaeueieo
aia?ao?a c o?aooaaiiyi ?iaioe aaeioiaeo ?oo??a iaea?aeothoue aai a
iaoo?iiio aenia?eiaio?, aai oeyoii i?iaeoaie a aa?iaeeiai?/i?e o?oa?
aaiiao?e/ii iiae?aieo iiaeaeae aaeioiaeo ?oo??a, aai ca iieoaii??e/ieie
caeaaeiinoyie. C ?ioiai aieo, ??aaiue ?icaeoeo aa?iaeeiai?ee ?
ia/enethaaeueii? oaoi?ee aeicaieythoue io?eiaoe oe? oa?aeoa?enoeee c
aeinoaoiueith aeey i?aeoe/ii? iaoe oi/i?noth.

Iaea?aeaiiy aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iano/eo nenoai e?oaeueieo
aia?ao?a c aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie a eueioiiio aenia?eiaio? iia’ycaia c
iaaiei ?eceeii, aaeeeeie iaoa??aeueieie aeo?aoaie ? eaeaiaea?ieie
oa?i?iaie. O?oaiee aenia?eiaio ?c-ca iaiiaeeeaino? iiaiaeaeaiiy an?o
e?eoa???a iiae?aiino? oneeaaeiaiee ? oaeiae iia’ycaiee c aenieeie
aeo?aoaie. ?ic?iaea ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a i?aeoeeo i?iaeooaaiiy
?ic?aooieiai? iaoiaeeee iaea?aeaiiy iiae?aieo aa?iaeeiai?/ieo
oa?aeoa?enoee aeicaieeoue ciaioeoe /anoeo aenia?eiaioo i?e i?iaeooaaii?
? aeiaiaeoe? e?oaeueieo aia?ao?a, i?iaanoe oe?ie? ia?aiao?e/i?
aeine?aeaeaiiy ii aeai?o ?aoe?iiaeueieo aaiiao?e/ieo ? e?iaiaoe/ieo
ia?aiao??a iano/eo nenoai ?, caaaeyee oeueiio, nei?ioeoe eaeaiaea?i? oa
iaoa??aeuei? aeo?aoe.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie

Oaia aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe a?aeiia?aea? iaoeiaiio iai?yieo eaoaae?e
“Aa?iaeeiai?ee oa aeeiai?ee iieueioo e?oaeueieo aia?ao?a” oaeoeueoaoo
caaaeueii? aa?aoe?eii? i?aeaioiaee Oa?e?anueeiai ?inoeoooo eueio/ee?a oa
eiiieaeni?e i?ia?ai? AIOE “Aioiiia” aeine?aeaeaiue aieeao ?iaioe
aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee e?eea ? iia?aiiy.

Iaoa ?iaioe

Iaoith ?iaioe ? ?ic?iaea iaoiaeeee ?ic?aooieo aa?iaeeiai?/ieo
oa?aeoa?enoee iano/eo nenoai e?oaeueieo aia?ao?a c ni?ainieie
aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie ia iniia? /enaeueiiai iiaeaethaaiiy ia AII.

Caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy

Aeey aeinyaiaiiy iaoe ae??oai? ianooii? iniiai? caaea/?:

– ?ic?iaeaia iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue iao?eaiiy iioieii aaco iano/i? nenoaie
e?oaeueiiai aia?aoa c ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie;

– ia aac? ?ic?iaeaii? iaoaiaoe/ii? iiaeae? noai?aia ?iai/a i?ia?aia
?ic?aooieo;

– i?iaaaeai? iaoiaee/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy ii aeai?o ?aoe?iiaeueieo
ia?aiao??a aeene?aoecaoe??;

– iaa?oioiaaia a??ia?aei?noue ?ic?iaeaii? iaoiaeeee c?noaaeaiiyi
?acoeueoao?a iiaeaethaaiiy ia AII iao?eaiiy oe?ieiai eeano ia’?eo?a c
aenia?eiaioaeueieie aeaieie ? ?acoeueoaoaie ?ic?aooie?a ?ioeo aaoi??a;

– i?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao aaiiao?e/ieo ? e?iaiaoe/ieo
ia?aiao??a aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia ?oi? aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee, iiey
oaeaeeinoae iaaeiei eiia?iaoe?? “aaeioiaee ?oo?e – iioiaiiaeiea”,
aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee e?eea oa iia?aiiy;

– i?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy aoaeoeaiino? i?? ii ciaioaiith aieeao
no?oiai?a a?ae aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee
iia?aiiy.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia

Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?iaioe iieyaa? a ianooiiiio:

– ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea ?ic?aooieo aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iano/eo
nenoai e?oaeueieo aia?ao?a c ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie;

– ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea ?ic?aooieo na??eieo ae?aa?ai aaeioiaeo ?oo??a;

– ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea ?ic?aooieo aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee
eiia?iaoe?e oeio “aaeioiaee ?oo?e – iioiaiiaeiea”;

– i?iaaaeaii aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao iaaeoaa no?oiaiyie a?ae aaeioiaeo
?oo??a ia aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee e?eea ? iia?aiiy, aecia/aii
oa?aeoa?i? a?aeciaee aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iano/eo nenoai c
ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie a?ae aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iano/eo
nenoai c iaeii?yaeieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie;

– i?iaaaeaii /enaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy iiey oa/?? aaco a ?aeii? iia?aiiy
o?ainii?oieo e?oae?a, anoaiiaeaii caeaaeiino? iiiaioieo oa?aeoa?enoee
iano/eo nenoai a?ae aaiiao?e/ieo oa e?iaiaoe/ieo ia?aiao??a aaeioiaeo
?oo??a, e?eea, iia?aiiy.

I?aeoe/ia cia/ei?noue ?iaioe

Noai?aii i?ia?aio ?ic?aooieo ?iciiae?eaieo ? noia?ieo aa?iaeeiai?/ieo
oa?aeoa?enoee neeaaeieo eiia?iaoe?e c ni?ainieie ? iaeii?yaeieie
aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie, a oiio /ene? ca iayaiino? iiaa?oi? ?icae?eo ? eooa
eiacaiiy.

Ae?iaeaii ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii ?aoe?iiaeueiiio aeai?o ia?aiao??a
aeene?aoecaoe??.

Aeine?aeaeaii aieea ?iaioe aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia iiea oaeaeeinoae a ?aeii?
iia?aiiy o?ainii?oieo e?oae?a. Ae?iaeaii ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii aeai?o
?aoe?iiaeueieo aaiiao?e/ieo ia?aiao??a ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy ca
oiiae i?i?iaeueiiai aieeao ci?iaii? ?aaeeio ?iaioe aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia
aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy.

?aae?caoe?y ?acoeueoao?a ?iaioe

?ic?iaeai? aaoi?ii iieiaeaiiy ?aae?ciaai?:

– i?ia?aia ?ic?aooieo aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iano/eo nenoai
e?oaeueieo aia?ao?a c ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie – a aa?aoe?eiiio
iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiio eiiieaen? “Aioiiia” aeey aeine?aeaeaiue aieeao
no?oiai?a a?ae aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee e?eea ?
iia?aiiy;

– iaoiaeeea ? i?ia?aia ?ic?aooieo aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iano/eo
nenoai e?oaeueieo aia?ao?a c ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie – a
iaa/aeueiiio i?ioean? Oaeoeueoaoo caaaeueii? aa?aoe?eii? i?aeaioiaee O?E
AIN.

?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea aeei?enoaia a iaoeiai-aeine?aei?e ?iaio? ?096209
(oeo? “Aeai?eoi-14”). ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe iiaeooue aooe
aeei?enoai? i?e ?ic?iaoe? ? iiaea?i?caoe?? aa?aoe?eii? oaoi?ee.

Aeiiia?ae? ? ioae?eaoe??

Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe aeiiia?aeaeeny, iaaiai?thaaeeny ? io?eiaee
iiceoeaio ioe?ieo ia:

– iaoeiai-oaoi?/ieo nai?ia?ao a AIOE “Aioiiia”, Ee?a, 1997.1998 ??.;

– i?aeia?iaei?e eiioa?aioe?? “A?aee?eo? ?ioi?iaoe?ei? ? eiii’thoa?i?
?ioaa?iaai? oaoiieia??”, Oa?e?a, 1998 ?.;

– i?aeia?iaei?e eiioa?aioe?? “?icaeoie eaaeiiioi?ii? aa?aoe?? Oe?a?ie”,
EIOAA, Ee?a, 1998 ?.;

– nai?ia?? iieiaeeo a/aieo oaeoeueoaoo caaaeueii? aa?aoe?eii?
i?aeaioiaee O?E AIN, Oa?e?a, 1997 ?.;

– nai?ia?ao eaoaae?e aa?iaeeiai?ee oa aeeiai?ee iieueioo e?oaeueieo
aia?ao?a OCAI O?E AIN, Oa?e?a, 1996, 1997, 1998 ??.

Ca oaiith aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 7 noaoae.

No?oeoo?a ? ianya aeena?oaoe??.

Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c anooio, 4 ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a oa nieneo
aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae. ?iaioa aeeiiaia ia 148 noi??ieao, i?noeoue 131
?enoiie. Nienie e?oa?aoo?e i?noeoue 100 iaeiaioaaiue.

INIIAIEE CI?NO

O anooi? iaa?oioiaaia aeooaeuei?noue ia?aiiai iai?yieo aeine?aeaeaiiy
ia i?aenoaa? i?iaaaeaiiai aiae?co ?nioth/eo iaoiae?a aecia/aiiy
aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iano/eo nenoai e?oaeueieo aia?ao?a c
aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie, noi?ioeueaaia iaoa aeine?aeaeaiue, iieacai? iniiai?
iieiaeaiiy, ui aecia/athoue iaoeiaa oa i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?iaioe.

O ia?oiio ?icae?e? i?aaenoaaeaia iaoiaeeea ?ic?aooieo aa?iaeeiai?/ieo
oa?aeoa?enoee iano/eo nenoai e?oaeueieo aia?ao?a c aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie.

I?iaaaeaii aiae?c ?nioth/eo iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae aaco. ?iaeoueny
aeniiaie i?i iaea?eueoo aoaeoeai?noue iiaeae? iioaioe?eii? oa/??
?aeaaeueii? ??aeeie aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee
iano/eo nenoai e?oaeueieo aia?ao?a c aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie.

?iaioa iaiaaeo?oueny ?icaeyaeaiiyi i?yieo caaea/ aa?iaeeiai?ee, a yeeo
i?inoi?ia? oi?ie iano/eo iiaa?oiiue oa e?iaiaoe/i? ia?aiao?e caaeai? ye
ooieoe?? eii?aeeiao ? /ano. Aeey eiia?iaoe??, ui neeaaea?oueny c
ni?ainieo aaeioiaeo ?oo??a (NA?) ? iano/eo iiaa?oiiue (II), oa
?ooa?oueny a iaa`yceiio ianoeneoaaiiio na?aaeiaeu? c iinooiaeueiith
oaeaee?noth, ia iaeeaaea?oueny aoaeue yeeo aaiiao?e/ieo iaiaaeaiue.
Eiiao? NA? ? II iiaeooue iao?eaoeny ye ieaaii, oae ? c a?ae?eaii iioieo,
i?e oeueiio i?noey noiaeo aeo?iaeo iaeai aaaaeathoueny ai??i?? a?aeiieie
? (aai) o?eniaaieie ia e?ayo. A caaaeueiiio aeiaaeeo iio??aii aecia/eoe
?iciiae?eai? oa noia?i? aa?iaeeiai?/i? iaaaioaaeaiiy, ae?th/? ii iano/ee
nenoai?.

?icaeyaeoaaia eiia?iaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c ?yaeo iano/eo iiaa?oiiue, ye?
c iaeyaeo ia iaaaeeeo a?aeiinio oiaueio eiiaoae aaaaeathoueny
iane?i/aiii oiieeie. Caaea/a ii ?ic?aooieo iao?eaiiy ae??oo?oueny a
aac?ici??iiio aeaeyae?. Can?a caaaeaiiy aaiiao?e/ieo ia?aiao??a
aaeaioiaaiee aeey aeei?enoaiiy noaiaea?oieo e?aneaiue eiiaoae iia?o?yieo
aaeio?a.

ni?aaaaeeeai ??aiyiiy Eaieana:

.

Caaea/a iieyaa? a ciaoiaeaeaii? iioaioe?aeo oaeaeeinoae, ui
caaeiaieueieoue ??aiyiith Eaieana i?e iaaieo iaaeiaeo oiiaao:

Ia aei?noeeo iiaa?oiyo aeeiio?oueny oiiaa iai?io?eaiiy.

Ia a?eueieo aeo?iaeo iiaa?oiyo aeeiio?oueny oiiaa aacia?a?aiino? oeneo ?
ii?iaeueii? neeaaeiai? oaeaeeino?.

Ia iane?i/aiiiio a?aeaeaeaii? a?ae eiia?iaoe?? ? ne?aeo ca i?e iio?e
iacao?aiee.

Ia e?ayo iiaa?oiiue, c yeeo noiaeyoue a?euei? aeo?ia? iiaa?oi?,
aeeiio?oueny oiiaa *aieea?ia-AEoeianueeiai i?i e?ioeaa?noue oaeaeeinoae.

ia iano/eo iiaa?oiyo aeei?enoiao?oueny oiiaa iai?io?eaiiy ? oiiaa, ui
oa?aeoa?eco? i?noea noiaeo aeo?iai? iaeaie.

??oaiiy i?iaiaeeoueny a iae?i?ei?e ianoaoe?iia?i?e iinoaiiaoe?.
Ine?eueee aea/athoueny caaea/?, ui iienothoueny ??aiyiiyie ia?ic?eaiino?
i?e iae?i?eieo iaaeiaeo oiiaao ia iiaa?oi? o?e oa ia iaa?aeiieo
iiaa?oiyo oaiaaioe?aeueiiai ?ic?eao, oi oea aeicaiey? aoaeoaaoe ??oaiiy
ca aeiiiiiaith iaoiaeo aeene?aoieo aeoi??a, iiea oaeaeeinoae yeeo
aaoiiaoe/ii caaeiaieueiy? ??aiyiith ia?ic?eaiino?. Aeey ??oaiiy caaea/?
aeo?ia? nenoaie o?e ? ne?aeo ca ieie iiaeaeththoueny nenoaiith
aeene?aoieo aeoi??a. A ?iaio? aeei?enoiao?oueny iiaeeo?eiaaiee iaoiae
aeene?aoieo aeoi??a, ?ic?iaeaiee A.I.Aia??iiaei oa I.A.Aeai?aeii,
a?ae?iaeeiai?/ia caieioo?noue aeo?iai? nenoaie a yeiio caaacia/o?oueny
canoinoaaiiyi caieiooeo /ioe?eeooieo aeo?iaeo ?aiie, eiaeia c yeeo
iiaeaeth? ioiieaiee iath aeaiaio aeo?iaeo iiaa?oiiue. Canoinoaaiiy
caieiooeo aeo?iaeo ?aiie aeey iiaeaethaaiiy aeo?iaeo iiaa?oiiue
aeicaiey? ooieoe?iiaeueii iiae?eeoe aeo?ia? noaie iano/eo iiaa?oiiue oa
iaeaie ia ie?ai? iiaeoe?. Aeo?iaa noaia II i?aaenoaaey? niaith
oi?aa?naeueiee iacaeaaeiee iiaeoeue i?e ??oaii? caaea/ c ??ciiiai?oieie
noaiaie iao?eaiiy: a?ae?eaieie oa aaca?ae?eaieie.

aecia/aoueny i?aenoiiaoaaiiyi a?aeiia?aeii iioaioe?ae?a oa oaeaeeinoae
a?ae an?o oeeo ?aiie. Iaaeiaa oiiaa iai?io?eaiiy caieno?oueny aeey
eiio?ieueieo oi/ie o aeaeyae? nenoaie aeaaa?a?/ieo ??aiyiue ?
aeei?enoiao?oueny aeey ciaoiaeaeaiiy iaa?aeiieo oee?eoeyoe?e aeo?iaeo
?aiie ia II. I?e noiae? aeo?iaeo iaeai c e?a?a, oee?eoeyoe?? a?eueiiai
aeo?iaiai a?ae??cea i?eaeanith?oueny cia/aiiy a?aeiia?aeii? oee?eoeyoe??
ia II, yea iaea?aeo?oueny c iiia?aaeiueiai ?ic?aooieiaiai e?ieo.

Canoinoaaiiy ?ioaa?aea Eio?-Eaa?aiaea aei ieaeiuei? ? aa?oiuei? noi??i
II aeicaiey? ciaeoe ??cieoeth oeneo

.

ii iiaa?oiyo oa ia/eneaiei a eiio?ieueieo oi/eao aaeoi?ai ii?iaeae
oeyoii i?aenoiiaoaaiiy ii an?i ae?eueieoeyi iiaa?oiiue iaea?aeothoueny
eiao?oe??ioe nee oa iiiaio?a.

Aaaaeath/e eiiao? aaeioiaeo ?oo??a iane?i/aiii oiieeie, a na?aaeiaeua
?aeaaeueiei, iiaeeeai ?ic?aoiaoaaoe o?eueee iaeio neeaaeiao e?ooy/iai
iiiaioo, iaoiiaeaio i?iaeoe??th ii?iaeueii? neee ia ieiueio iaa?oaiiy.
A?aeii? ?iaioe (A?eioea?eianueeee N.I., Eieo?a A.?., I?oo I.?.), aea
i?iiiio?oueny can?a ciaoiaeaeaiiy e?ooy/iai iiiaioo c o?aooaaiiyi
?aae?caoe?? i?aeoyaoaaeueii? neee oa ?ic?aooieo iii?o, iaoiiaeaiiai
neeith oa?oy ii aeia?a a?aeiiei ?iaeaia?iei i?aeoiaeai, iniiaaieo ia
cai?i? ia?a??co eiiao? aea?aaeaioiith ieanoeiith. A aeai?e ?iaio? aeey
aecia/aiiy eiao?oe??ioa i?io?eueiiai iii?o eiaeiiai iiia?a/iiai ia?a??co
aeei?enoiaothoueny ?ic?aoiaai? i?noeaa? eiao?oe??ioe ii?iaeueii? neee ?
iiey?a i?io?eth II ?iaeo. Oaeei /eiii, aac oneeaaeiaiiy iaoaiaoe/ii?
iiaeae? ? ca?eueoaiiy iio??aiiai /ano ?ic?aooieo ooi/ith?oueny iiaeaeue
?aeaaeueiiai ianoeneoaaiiai aaco ? c’yaey?oueny iiaeeea?noue iiaoaeiae
na??eieo ae?aa?ai iia?o?yieo aaeio?a ii cai?iiiiiaai?e iaoiaeeoe?.

Canoinoaaiiy aaeioiaiai ?oo?y, i?e yeiio a?i iiaea aaaaeaoeny
?cieueiaaiei, cono??/a?oueny ??aeei. A ?aieao oai??? iioaioe?eieo oa/?e
aeey iiaeaethaaiiy ?ioa?oa?aioe?? a neeaaeieo eiio?ao?aoe?yo oeio
“aaeioiaee ?oo?e – iioiaiiaeiea” aeei?enoiao?oueny aei/ii-?oa?aoe?eiee
iaoiae, ui aeicaiey? canoiniaoaaoe ??ci? ?ic?aooieia? iaoiaee aeey
iiaeaethaaiiy ??cieo aeaiaio?a eiio?ao?aoe??: iaoiae aeene?aoieo aeoi??a
aeey iiaeaethaaiiy aaeioiaiai ?oo?y oa iaiaeueiee iaoiae aeey
iiaeaethaaiiy o?eanii? iioiaiiaeiee. A oe?e ?iaio? aeey iiaeaethaaiiy
iao?eaiiy iioiaiiaeiee aeei?enoiao?oueny iaiaeueiee iaoiae Ia??ii
(Eaeeaiaiia N.A.), a a?aeiia?aeiino? c yeei ?icaeyaea?oueny ?ioaa?aeueia
iiaeaiiy ??oaiiy aeeoa?aioe?eiiai ??aiyiiy Eaieana aeey iioaioe?aeo
cao?aieo oaeaeeinoae. I?e ?oa?aoe?eiiio iiaeaethaaii? iao?eaiiy
eiia?iaoe?? “aaeioiaee ?oo?e – iioiaiiaeiea” o?aooaaiiy ?ioa?oa?aioe??
cae?enith?oueny /a?ac oiiao iai?io?eaiiy oaa?aeeo iiaa?oiiue:

– a eiio?ieueieo oi/eao iaiaeae iioiaiiaeiee – c o?aooaaiiyi cao?aieo
oaeaeeinoae a?ae aeo?iai? nenoaie aaeioiaiai ?oo?y;

– a eiio?ieueieo oi/eao ia iiaa?oiyo aaeioiaiai ?oo?y – c o?aooaaiiyi
cao?aieo oaeaeeinoae a?ae iioiaiiaeiee.

Ae?oaee ?icae?e i?enay/aiee aeine?aeaeaiiyi ii iaoiaeeoe? ?ic?aooieo.

I?eaiaeeoueny aeie-noaia oa oa?aeoa?enoeee ?iai/i? i?ia?aie ?ic?aooieo,
eiiieaeno a?ao?/ieo i?ia?ai.

Iaaieioo?oueny ia aaaeeeaino? ?aoe?iiaeueiiai aeai?o ia?aiao??a
?ic?aooieo, ine?eueee iaaei??ia ?icaeooy ia iiaa?oiyo oa iaeee /aniaee
e?ie cia/ii ca?eueoo? o?eaae?noue aeeiiaiiy ?ic?aooieo, a iaea ?icaeooy
oa aaeeeee /aniai? e?ie iiaeooue i?ecaanoe aei aaeeei? iioeaee
iaea?aeoaaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeeny ca ianooiiith
noaiith:

– aecia/aiiy i??e aeene?aoiino? oa ?ic?aooieiaiai /aniaiai ?ioa?aaeo
aeey iaea?aeaiiy noia?ieo aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee ?cieueiaaiiai
aaeioa;

– aecia/aiiy ia?aiao??a ?aooieo aeey iaea?aeaiiy ?iciiae?eaieo ?
noia?ieo aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee II a ne?ae? ca aaeioiaei ?oo??i.

A ?acoeueoao? aeine?aeaeaiue anoaiiaeaii, ui aeey iaea?aeaiiy noia?ieo
aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee ?cieueiaaiiai aaeioa iaiao?aeii
aeei?enoaoe ?icaeooy ii oi?ae? eiiao? n(3, ?icaeooy ii ?iciaoo eiiao?
N(4, aaee/eia ?ic?aooieiaiai /aniaiai ?ioa?aaeo aeae?a?oueny a
caeaaeiino? a?ae e?eueeino? eiiaoae, c yeeo neeaaeaii aaeio. Aeey
aea/aiiy noia?ieo aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee II a
ne?ae? ca aaeioiaei ?oo??i cia/aiiy n/=3 oa

aaaaeathoueny aeinoaoi?ie aeey iaea?aeaiiy aeniei?
oi/iino? ?ic?aooieo; i?e aecia/aii? ?iciiae?eaieo aa?iaeeiai?/ieo
oa?aeoa?enoee ii II iaiao?aeii a?aoiaoaaoe cia/aiiy ?icaeooy ye ii
oi?ae? (n((3), oae ? ii ?iciaoo (N (( 8).

I?aoeacaeaoi?noue noai?aii? iaoiaeeee iaa?oioiao?oueny ii??aiyiiyi
?ic?aooie?a c ?acoeueoaoaie o?ce/ieo aenia?eiaio?a oa a?aeiieie
?ic?aooieaie ?ioeo aaoi??a aeey oe?ieiai eeano aa?iaeeiai?/ieo o?e: e?ee
??cieo iiaeiaaeaiue, aaeioiaeo ?oo??a c ??cieie aaiiao?e/ieie oa
e?iaiaoe/ieie ia?aiao?aie (i?eeeaae: ?en. 1, 2).

?en. 1 ?iciiae?e iaaaioaaeaiiy ?en.2 Na??eia
ae?aa?aia iia?o?yiiai aaeioa

ii e?eeo iaeiai iiaeiaaeaiiy
NAeA-1

I?e ??oaii? caaea/ a iae?i?ei?e ianoaoe?iia?i?e iinoaiiaoe? aeieeathoue
o?oaeiiu?, iaoiiaeai? cia/iei ca?eueoaiiyi /ano ?ic?aooieo. Oea i?ecaaei
aei iaiao?aeiino? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?aeoiae?a ii eiai nei?i/aiith.

. Oaeei /eiii, iaa?aooaaiiy aeaeueiueiai aeo?iaiai ne?aeo aeicaiey?
nooo?ai nei?ioeoe iio??aiee /an ?ic?aooieo aac ao?aoe oi/iino?.

A o?aoueiio ?icae?e? i?eaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao aaiiao?e/ieo oa
e?iaiaoe/ieo ia?aiao??a aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia ?o aa?iaeeiai?/i?
oa?aeoa?enoeee, iiea ieoo?aeo ?iaeoeoeaieo oaeaeeinoae, aa?iaeeiai?/i?
oa?aeoa?enoeee e?eea, iia?aiiy, iioiaiiaeiee.

Aeey i?aeai?o iia?o?yiiai aaeioa aei e?oaea oe?iei aeei?enoiaothoueny
na??ei? ae?aa?aie (aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee) iia?o?yieo aaeio?a.
Noai?aia iaoiaeeea caeaoia ?ic?aooaaoe na??eio ae?aa?aio aaeioiaiai
?oo?y aac iaiaaeaiue ia /enei ? aaiiao?e/i? ia?aiao?e eiiaoae, ye c
o?aooaaiiyi ?ioa?oa?aioe?? aaeioa ? e?oaea, oae ? aac ?? o?aooaaiiy.

Canoinoaaiiy aaeioiaiai ?oo?y, i?e yeiio a?i iiaea aaaaeaoeny
?cieueiaaiei, cono??/a?oueny ??aeei. sse i?aaeei, a aaciina?aaei?e
aeecueeino? a?ae aaeioiaiai ?oo?y ciaoiaeeoueny iioiaiiaeiea, iaaeoaea
yei? ciaioo? oyao ia aaee/eio i?e?inoo iii?o. A naith /a?ao,
iioiaiiaeiea ?noioii aieeaa? ia iiea oaeaeeinoae a i?eeiieaaeo ia?a??cao
aaeioiaiai ?oo?y, oiio aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy iieae oaeaeeinoae
iiaeaethaaiiy iioiaiiaeiee aaaaeaeiny iaia’yceiaei.

Aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao /enea eiiaoae iaeii?yaeiiai aaeioiaiai ?oo?y
ia iiea ?iaeoeoeaieo oaeaeeinoae aoee aea?ai? aeaio- (?en. 3), o?ueio-
oa oanoeeiiaoaa? iia?o?yi? aaeioe, neeaaeai? c iaeiaeiaeo eiiaoae, ui
iaee aaiiao?e/io e?ooeo oa oaaeaaeaeiee a?aea?a cae?ioe?aee.
?ic?aooiie i?iaiaeeany i?e ?aaeei? ?iaioe, ui
a?aeiia?aea?

.

Iioiaiiaeiea iiaeaethaaeany ae?ini?aeii iaa?oaiiy (?en. 3).

Aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao /enea eiiaoae ni?ainiiai aaeioiaiai ?oo?y ia
iiea ?iaeoeoeaieo oaeaeeinoae aoee aea?ai? iia?o?yi? aaeioe c /eneii
eiiaoae a?aeiia?aeii a ia?oiio oa ae?oaiio ?yaeao 3+3, 4+3, 6+6, 8+6
(?en. 4).

?en. 3 Iiey ieoo?aeo oaeaeeinoae, ui ?iaeoeothoueny aeaieiiaoaaei
iaeii?yaeiei aaeioiaei ?oo??i

?en. 4 Iiey ieoo?aeo oaeaeeinoae, ui ?iaeoeothoueny ni?ainiei aaeioiaei
?oo??i c /eneii eiiaoae 8 a ia?oiio ?yae? oa 6 a ae?oaiio ?yae?

Aiae?c ?ic?aoiaaieo iieae oaeaeeinoae aeicaiey? c?iaeoe oae? aeniiaee:

– iiea oaeaeeinoae, ui ?iaeoeo?oueny aeaieiiaoaaei aaeioiaei ?oo??i
?noioii ianoaoe?iia?ia, ia??iaee/ii ci?ith?oueny;

– ca oanoeeiiaoaaei aaeioiaei ?oo??i iio?e oa?aeoa?eco?oueny neeueiith
cae?ooeith;

– ca ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie iio?e ?noioii iaio cae?o/aiee o
ii??aiyii? c iaeii?yaeieie i?e a?eueoiio ?iaeoeoeaiiio aieea? a ieiuei?
OXY.

Aeine?aeaeaii aieea no?oiaiy a?ae aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia ?iciiae?e
aa?iaeeiai?/iiai iaaaioaaeaiiy ii i?yiieooiiio e?eeo, neeaaeaiiio c
ianeiao?e/ieo i?io?e?a. Iai?eeeaae, e?eei ciaoiaeeeiny a iioieo c eooii
aoaee (=5(, iaeii?yaeiee aaeioiaee ?oo?e neeaaeaany c 6 eiiaoae, ?aaeei
?iaioe oa?aeoa?ecoaaany eiao?oe??ioii oyae A=1,25, ni?ainiee aaeioiaee
?oo?e iaa 4 eiiao? a ia?aaeiueiio oa 3 a caaeiueiio ?yae?, ?aaeei ?iaioe
oa?aeoa?ecoaaany eiao?oe??ioii oyae A=1,35. Aeine?aeaeaiiy aeyaeei
i?eioeeiiai ??ciee oa?aeoa? ?iciiae?eo aa?iaeeiai?/iiai iaaaioaaeaiiy ii
e?eeo (?en. 5), ui iia`ycaii c aaeeeei nooiaiai cae?ooee iioieo ca
iaeii?yaeiei, oa i?aeoe/ii a?aenooiueith cae?ooeith iioieo ca ni?ainiei
aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie.

a)
a)

?en. 5 ?iciiae?e aa?iaeeiai?/iiai iaaaioaaeaiiy ii e?eeo, ui
iaaeoaa?oueny:

a) iaeii?yaeiei aaeioiaei ?oo??i; a) ni?ainiei aaeioiaei ?oo??i

Aeine?aeaeaiiy eiia?iaoe?? “aeaa oanoeeiiaoaaeo iaeii?yaeieo aaeioiaeo
?oo?y-e?eei-iia?aiiy-iioiaiiaeiee-othcaeyae” aeyaeei oae?
caeiiii??iino?:

– iaaeoaea iaeii?yaeieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie i?ecaiaeeoue aei
ianoaoe?iia?iiai oa ia??aiii??iiai ?iciiae?eo iaaaioaaeaiiy ii e?eeo ?
ai?eciioaeueiiio iia?aiith;

– aieea e?eea i?ecaiaeeoue aei i?aeaeuaiiy eiao?oe??ioo ii?iaeueii? neee
iioiaiiaeie, aea ?ic??aaiiy e?eea iioiaiiaeieaie i?ecaiaeeoue aei
ciaioaiiy iano/eo caeaoiinoae e?eea oa iaae?iiy eiao?oe??ioo ii?iaeueii?
neee ? i?eeaaeeo ia?a??c?a e?eea.

*aoaa?oee ?icae?e i?enay/aii aeine?aeaeaiith aieeao no?oiaiy a?ae
aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee ai?eciioaeueiiai
iia?aiiy a neeaae? iano/i? nenoaie.

Ca aeiiiiiaith noai?aii? iaoiaeeee aoee ?ic?aoiaai? caeaaeiino? iiiaioo
oaiaaaeo iano/eo nenoai c iaeii?yaeieie (?en. 6a) oa ni?ainieie (?en.
6a) aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie aac ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy, iiiaioo oaiaaaeo,
noai?thaaiiai ai?eciioaeueiei iia?aiiyi, noia?iiai iiiaioo oaiaaaeo
iano/i? nenoaie a?ae eooa aoaee iano/i? nenoaie i?e ??ciiiai?oieo
eiao?oe?aioao oyae aaeioiaeo ?oo??a, ??ciiiai?oieo aaiiao?e/ieo oa
e?iaiaoe/ieo ia?aiao?ao iano/eo nenoai. C?iaeaii aeniiaie i?i oa, ui a
eaiae? oaiaaaeo i?e aaca?ae?eaiiio iao?eaii? aieea iaeii?yaeieo oa
ni?ainieo aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia iiiaioi? oa?aeoa?enoeee iano/i? nenoaie
?ic??ciy?oueny ianooo?ai. Oei ia iaioa, ?ic?aooiie iieaco? aeieeiaiiy
iiiaioo e?aio o iano/i? nenoaie c iaeii?yaeieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie,
/iai o iano/i? nenoaie c ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie ia
niinoa??aa?oueny. I?e/eiith oaeiai yaeua ? iaeee nooi?iue cae?ooee
iioieo ca ni?ainiei neeueia cae?ooea iioieo ca iaeii?yaeiei aaeioiaeie
?oo??i , ui noai?th? ia?aaeoiiae aeey aeieeiaiiy a?ae?eaii? oa/?? ia
e?ee? oa iia?aii?.

a)
a)

?en. 6 ?ic?aooieiaa noaia iano/i? nenoaie:

a) c iaeii?yaeieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie; a) c ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie
?oo?yie

Anoaiiaeaii, ui ci?ia ?aaeeio ?iaioe aaeioiaeo ?oo??a i?ecaiaeeoue aei
ci?ie aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee ia o?eueee e?eea, aea,
caeaa?eueoiai, ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy. I?e/eiith ianoaa?eueiino?
aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy ? aeaoi?iiaai?
e?eeii no?oiai? a?ae aaeioiaeo ?oo??a, iiaeeeaei iane?aeeii –
?icaaeainoaaiiy e?oaea, ui iniaeeai neeueii aeyaey?oueny a eaiae?
oaiaaaeo. Ine?eueee ?icaaeainoaaiiy e?oaea aeiaaa? ao?o/aiiy eueio/eea a
oi?aae?iiy ? oneeaaeith? i?eiooaaiiy, aaaeaii i?eeiyoe i??e ii
ciaioaiith aieeao aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee
ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy.

Iaaaioaaeaiiy ii eiinieyi ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy, ui iaaeoaa?oueny
iaeii?yaeieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie (?en. 6a), ?iciiae?ey?oueny
ia??aiii??ii, i?e/iio oey ia??aiii??i?noue c?inoa? i?e i?aeaeuaii?
?aaeeio ?iaioe aaeioiaeo ?oo??a (?en. 7). Aieea ?aaeeio ?iaioe ni?ainieo
aaeioiaeo ?oo??a (?en. 6a) ia aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee
ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy aea?aeii a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae aieeao
iaeii?yaeieo aaeioiaeo ?oo??a, ine?eueee ianoaa?euei?noue
aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy ?noioii iaioa,
iaaaioaaeaiiy ii eiinieyo ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy ?iciiae?ey?oueny
aeinoaoiuei ??aiii??ii (?en. 8), ui ni?iuo? i??e ii ciaioaiith aieeao
aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee ai?eciioaeueiiai
iia?aiiy.

?en. 7 Iiey ?iaeoeoeaieo oaeaeeinoae a ia?a??cao ai?eciioaeueiiai
iia?aiey (iicia/ai? oo?eoioieoe?iith e?i??th), ui iaaeoaa?oueny
iaeii?yaeieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie

?en. 8 Iiey ?iaeoeoeaieo oaeaeeinoae a ia?a??cao ai?eciioaeueiiai
iia?aiey (iicia/ai? oo?eoioieoe?iith e?i??th), ui iaaeoaa?oueny
ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie

Aeine?aeaeaii aieea iaaeeaeaiiy iano/i? nenoaie aei iiaa?oi? ?icae?eo,
iayaiino? eooa eiacaiiy, a?aeoeeaiiy iaoai?caoe?? e?eea ia
aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee iia?aiiy i?e iino?eiiio ?aaeei? ?iaioe
aaeioiaeo ?oo??a. Anoaiiaeaii, ui iaaeeaeaiiy iano/i? nenoaie aei
iiaa?oi? ?icae?eo i?ecaiaeeoue aei aeayei? noaa?e?caoe?? aa?iaeeiai?/ieo
oa?aeoa?enoee iia?aiiy. Iayai?noue eooa eiacaiiy i?ecaiaeeoue aei
ia??aiii??iiai ?iciiae?eo aa?iaeeiai?/iiai iaaaioaaeaiiy ii eiinieyo
ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy, c?inoaiith nooiaiy ianoaa?eueiino? eiai
oa?aeoa?enoee. Iiea oaeaeeinoae, ?iaeoeiaaieo iano/ith nenoaiith a
?aeii? iia?aiiy, ia? neeaaeiee oa?aeoa? (?en. 9).

?en. 9 Iiey ?iaeoeoeaieo oaeaeeinoae a ieiuei? OYZ i?e eoo? eiacaiiy ( =
-10( :

a) aaciina?aaeiuei ca aaeioii; a) o iinea ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy

Iaenooo?a?oee aieea ia aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee iia?aiiy i?iyaey?
a?aeoeeaiiy iaoai?caoe?? e?eea (noaiaoeciaaiiai cae?eeea) (?en. 10), ui
i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny aiae?cii iiey ?iaeoeoeaieo oaeaeeinoae a ?aeii?
iia?aiiy. Ci?ia iiiaioieo oa?aeoa?enoee iano/i? nenoaie iiaea aooe
iniaeeai iaaacia/iith ia ce?oii-iinaaei/ieo ?aaeeiao, eiee iaoai?caoe?y
e?eea a?aeoeeaia ? aaeioia? ?oo?? i?aoeththoue ia iaeneiaeueiiio
?aaeei?.

?en. 10 Caeaaei?noue a?aeiinii? aaee/eie ci?ie eiao?oe?aioa iiiaioo
oaiaaaeo ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy a?ae eooa a?aeoeeaiiy iaoai?caoe??

Aeine?aeaeaii aoaeoeai?noue oaeeo cania?a ii ciaioaiith
iaiaeiicia/iino? aieeao no?oiai?a a?ae aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia
aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy, ye:

– aeiin ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy c ciie aieeao no?oiaiy a?ae aaeioiaiai
?oo?y ca ?aooiie iaaeaiiy eiio eooa iiia?a/iiai V;

– aa?oeeaeueiee aeiin ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy c ciie aieeao no?oiaiy
a?ae aaeioiaiai ?oo?y;

– aeei?enoaiiy aneiao?e/iiai ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy;

– aeei?enoaiiy iao?aaeeoe?eiiai ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy oeio
“iaoaeee”.

Anoaiiaeaii, ui iaaeaiiy eooa iiia?a/iiai V ai?eciioaeueiiio iia?aiith,
ye ? an?iao?e/i?noue, aeyaey? ni?eyoeeaee aieea, iaeiae ia aeeeth/a?
iiai?noth aieea ?iaioe aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee
iia?aiiy. Aeianaiiy ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy ii aa?oeeae? caeaoia
iiai?noth aeeeth/eoe aieea no?oiai?a a?ae aaeioiaeo ?oo??a. Iaea?eueo
eiii?ii?niei aa??aioii iiaea aeyaeoeny aeei?enoaiiy noaie c iia?aiiyi
oeio “iaoaeee”.

AENIIAEE

I?iaaaeaii aiae?c ?nioth/eo iaoiae?a aecia/aiiy aa?iaeeiai?/ieo
oa?aeoa?enoee iano/eo nenoai c aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie. ?ic?iaeaii
?ic?aooieiao iaoiaeeeo aecia/aiiy aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iano/eo
nenoai c ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie, ui aaco?oueny ia
iiaeeo?eiaaiiio iaoiae? aeene?aoieo aeoi??a c caieiooith aeo?iaith
?aieith ye aeene?aoiith iniaeea?noth, ? ia? ?yae ia?aaaa:

– iecuee?, ii??aiyii c aenia?eiaioaeueieie iaoiaeaie,
iaoa??aeueii-eaeaiaea?i? aeo?aoe;

– iiaeeea?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy, ia a?aeciaeo a?ae iieoaii??e/ieo
caeaaeiinoae, i?eioeeiiai iiaeo aa?iaeeiai?/ieo noai;

– aeicaiey?, ia a?aeciaeo a?ae ?ic?aooieiaeo iaoiae?a, iniiaaieo ia
??oaii? ??aiyiue Iaauea-Noiena aai ??aiyiue Yeea?a, iia?aoeaii
aeine?aeaeoaaoe ianoaoe?iia?i? oa?aeoa?enoeee neeaaeieo i?inoi?iaeo
iano/eo nenoai c aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie.

Aeei?enoaiiy iiey?e i?io?eth II ?iaeo aeey ooi/iaiiy iiaeae? iaa`yceiai
aaco oa iaiaeueiiai iaoiaeo Ia?eii aeey iiaeaethaaiiy iioiaiiaeiee
aeicaiey? caaeia?eueii aoaeoaaoe na??ei? ae?aa?aie iia?o?yieo ?aeio?a.

Aeiaaaeaii iaiao?aei?noue ?aoe?iiaeueiiai aeai?o ia?aiao??a
aeene?aoecaoe??, oiio i?iaaaeaiiy iaoiaee/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue aeey aeai?o
oe?o ia?aiao??a iaia’yceiai.

I?iaiae?ciaaii iiey oaeaeeinoae, ?iaeoeiaai? aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie c
??cieie aaiiao?e/ieie ia?aiao?aie, ui aeicaieeei c?iaeoe aeniiaee i?i
nooo?ao ianoaoe?iia?i?noue iioieo ca aeaieiiaoaaei aaeioiaei ?oo??i,
aenieee nooi?iue cae?ooee iioieo ca oanoeeiiaoaaei iaeii?yaeiei
aaeioiaei ?oo??i, i?aeoe/ii a?aenooith cae?ooeo oa iacia/iee nooi?iue
ianoaoe?iia?iino? iioieo ca ni?ainiei aaeioiaei ?oo??i.

I?e aeine?aeaeaii? iano/eo nenoai c iaeii?yaeieie ? ni?ainieie
aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie aeyaeaii ?yae caeiiii??iinoae:

– aieea ?aaeeio ?iaioe aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee
e?eea ?, caeaa?eueoiai, ia aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee
ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy a ne?ae?, iineoue iae?i?eiee ianoaoe?iia?iee
oa?aeoa?;

– ci?ia ?aaeeio ?iaioe aaeioiaeo ?oo??a, iaaeeaeaiiy iano/i? nenoaie
e?oaea aei iiaa?oi? ?icae?eo, a?aeoeeaiiy iaoai?caoe?? e?eea
i?ecaiaeeoue aei ?noioii? ci?ie aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee
ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy ?, ye iiaeeeaee iane?aeie, aei ?icaaeainoaaiiy
e?oaea;

– oa?aeoa? ci?ie aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee e?eea oa ai?eciioaeueiiai
iia?aiiy, ui iaaeoaa?oueny iaeii?yaeieie oa ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie
?oo?yie a?ae??ciy?oueny, ui iia’ycaii c ??ciei i?io?eai oaeaeeino? oa
neeueiith cae?ooeith iioieo a no?oiai? ca iaeii?yaeieie, iaeith
cae?ooeith a no?oiai? ca ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie.

7. I?iaaaeai? ia?aiao?e/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy ii aeai?o ?aoe?iiaeueiiai
i?noey ?icoaooaaiiy ? aaiiao?e/ieo ia?aiao??a ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiiy
aeey ciaioaiiy iaaaoeaiiai aieeao ?aaeeio ?iaioe aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia
iiiaioi? oa?aeoa?enoeee iano/eo nenoai e?oae?a c aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie
aeicaieythoue ciaioeoe iaoa??aeuei? aeo?aoe oa oa?i?ie iaea?aeaiiy
iaiao?aeii? ?ioi?iaoe?? ye i?e i?iaeooaaii? iiaeo, oae ? aeey iie?ioaiiy
aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee ?nioth/eo iano/eo nenoai e?oae?a c
aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie.

NIENIE IIOAE?EIAAIEO I?AOeUe CA OAIITH AeENA?OAOe??

Oe?aeiaoe A.A. Enneaaeiaaiey ii iaoiaeeea ?an/aoa iaeeiaeiuo
ianoaoeeiia?iuo oa?aeoa?enoee ianoueo nenoai eaoaoaeueiuo aiia?aoia n
niiniuie aeioiauie aeaeaeeoaeyie // Aanoiee Oa?ueeianeiai
Ainoaea?noaaiiiai Iieeoaoie/aneiai Oieaa?neoaoa: Nai?iee iao/iuo
o?oaeia. -Oa?ueeia: OAIO, 1998. -Auione 14. – N. 66-69.

Eaeeaiaiia N.A., Ie?ai?iae TH.E., Oe?aeiaoe A.A. Iiaeaee?iaaiea ia YAI
iaoaeaiey naiieaoa n o/aoii ?aaiou aicaeooiuo aeioia // Ioe?uoua
eioi?iaoeeiiiua e eiiiuethoa?iua eioaa?e?iaaiiua oaoiieiaee: Nai?iee
iao/iuo o?oaeia OAE. – Oa?ueeia: OAE, 1998. – Auione 1. – N. 160-164.

Ie?ai?iae TH.?., Oe?a?iaoeue ?.I. Iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue iao?eaiiy iano/eo
iiaa?oiiue iioieii a?ae aaeioiaeo ?oo??a // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue. –
Oa?e?a: O?E AIN, 1997. – Aeione 1. – N. 143-148.

Ie?ai?iae TH.?., Oe?a?iaoeue ?.I. Aeine?aeaeaiiy ?icaaeainoaaiiy e?oaea
i?e ci?i? ?aaeeio ?iaioe aaeioiaeo ?oo??a // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue.
-Oa?e?a: O?E AIN, 1998. -Aeione 2. – N. 48-52.

Ie?ai?iae TH.?., Oe?a?iaoeue ?.I. Aeine?aeaeaiiy cania?a ai?ioueae c
?icaaeainoaaiiyi e?oaea i?e ci?i? ?aaeeio ?iaioe aaeioiaeo ?oo??a //
Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue. – Oa?e?a: O?E AIN, 1998. – Aeione 2. – N.
53-56.

Ie?ai?iae TH.?., Eaeeaiaiia N.A., Oe?a?iaoeue ?.I. Aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao
e?eueeino? eiiaoae ia nooi?iue ianoaoe?iia?iino? no?oiaiy ca aaeioiaei
?oo??i // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue. – Oa?e?a: O?E AIN, 1998. – Aeione 2.
– N. 44-47.

Eaeeaiaiia N.A., Ie?ai?iae TH.E., Oe?aeiaoe A.A. Iaoaiaoe/aneay iiaeaeue
iaoaeaiey aeioiaaioeeyoi?ia aeicaoeiaui iioieii naeeiaaiiai aaca //
O?oaeu iaaeaeoia?iaeiie iao/ii-oaoie/aneie eiioa?aioeee:
“Niaa?oainoaiaaiea oo?aionoaiiaie iaoiaeaie iaoaiaoe/aneiai e
oece/aneiai iiaeaee?iaaiey” – Oa?ueeia: Einoeooo i?iaeai iaoeiino?iaiey,
1997. – N. 223-227.

AIIOAOe?ss

Oe?a?iaoeue ?.I. Aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee iano/eo nenoai e?oaeueieo
aia?ao?a c ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe
ii niaoe?aeueiino? 05.07.01 – Aa?iaeeiai?ea oa aaciaeeiai?ea e?oaeueieo
aia?ao?a. Ee?anueeee i?aeia?iaeiee oi?aa?neoao oeea?eueii? aa?aoe??,
Ee?a, 1999.

Aeena?oaoe?th i?enay/aii ?ic?iaoe? iaoiaeeee oa ?ic?aooieo
aa?iaeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iano/eo nenoai e?oaeueieo aia?ao?a c
ni?ainieie aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie. A ?iaio? ciaoiaeeoue na?e iiaeaeueoee
?icaeoie iaoiae aeene?aoieo aeoi??a c caieiooith aeo?iaith ?aieith ye
aeene?aoiith iniaeea?noth. Aeine?aeaeaii iiey oaeaeeinoae, ?iaeoeiaai?
aaeioiaeie ?oo?yie, aieea no?oiai?a a?ae aaeioiaeo ?oo??a ia
aa?iaeeiai?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee e?eea, iioiaiiaeiee, iia?aiiy a ne?ae?.
Aeine?aeaeaii aieea ia iiiaioi? oa?aeoa?enoeee e?oaea ci?ie ?aaeeio
?iaioe aaeioiaeo ?oo??a, a?aeoeeaiiy iaoai?caoe?? e?eea, iaaeeaeaiiy aei
iiaa?oi? ?icae?eo, iayaiino? eiacaiiy. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe
ai?iaaaeaeai? a i?iieneiaino? oa a o/aiaeo i?ioeanao.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaethaaiiy, ni?ainiee aaeioiaee ?oo?e,
iaeii?yaeiee aaeioiaee ?oo?e, iano/a nenoaia e?oaeueiiai aia?aoo,
na??eia ae?aa?aia, i?iaeooaaiiy.

Oe?aeiaoe A.A. Ay?iaeeiaie/aneea oa?aeoa?enoeee ianoueo nenoai
eaoaoaeueiuo aiia?aoia n niiniuie aeioiauie aeaeaeeoaeyie.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa oaoie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 05.07.01 – Ay?iaeeiaieea e aaciaeeiaieea eaoaoaeueiuo
aiia?aoia. Eeaaneee iaaeaeoia?iaeiue oieaa?neoao a?aaeaeaineie aaeaoeee,
Eeaa, 1999.

Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia ?ac?aaioea iaoiaeeee ?an/aoa ay?iaeeiaie/aneeo
oa?aeoa?enoee ianoueo eaoaoaeueiuo aiia?aoia n niiniuie aeioiauie
aeaeaeeoaeyie. A ?aaioa ?acaeaaaony iaoiae aeene?aoiuo aeo?ae n
caieiooie aeo?aaie ?aieie a ea/anoaa aeene?aoiie iniaaiiinoe.
Enneaaeiaaiu iiey nei?inoae, eiaeooee?oaiua aeioiauie aeaeaeeoaeyie,
aeeyiea no?oe io aeioiauo aeaeaeeoaeae ia ay?iaeeiaie/aneea
oa?aeoa?enoeee e?uea, iioiaiiaeieu, iia?aiey a neaaea. Enneaaeiaaii
aeeyiea ia iiiaioiua oa?aeoa?enoeee naiieaoa eciaiaiey ?aaeeia ?aaiou
aeioiauo aeaeaeeoaeae, ioeeiiaiey iaoaiecaoeee e?uea, i?eaeeaeaiey e
iiaa?oiinoe ?acaeaea, iaee/ey neieueaeaiey. Iniiaiua ?acoeueoaou ?aaiou
aiaae?aiu a i?iiuoeaiiinoe e o/aaiuo i?ioeannao.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: iaoaiaoe/aneia iiaeaee?iaaiea, niiniue aeioiaie
aeaeaeeoaeue, iaeii?yaeiue aeioiaie aeaeaeeoaeue, ianouay nenoaia
eaoaoaeueiiai aiia?aoa, i?iaeoe?iaaiea.

Ukrainez Je. A. The aerodynamic characteristics of coaxial rotor flying
vehicles carrying system.

Dissertation to compete for a scientific degree of the bachelor of
technical science on the 05.07.01 specialty – The aerodynamics and
dynamics of gases of flight vehicles. Kharkov institute of pilots
Ukrainian air forces, Kharkov, 1998.

The dissertation is devoted to development of calculation technique of
the aerodynamic characteristics of coaxial screw flying vehicles. The
discrete vortex method with the closed vertical frame as a discrete
feature is developed at this work. The velocity fields induced of screw
currents, induced by screw on aerodynamic characteristics of wing,
engine nacelles, empennage are investigated. The influences of engine
operational mode changes, deviation of wing mechanization, approach to
separation surfaces, presence of sliding on aircraft momentum
characteristics are investigated. The main results of investigation are
introduced in industry and in the educational process.

Key words: mathematical modeling, coaxial screw, single screw,
aircraft carrying system, and designing.

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