.

Азиди ксантону і флуорану та їх фотоініціююча здатність: Автореф. дис… канд. хім. наук / О.О. Новікова, Київ. ун-т ім. Т.Шевченка. — К., 1999. — 18

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EE?ANUeEEE OI?AA?NEOAO ?iai? OA?ANA OAA*AIEA

IIA?EIAA Ieaia Ieaenaiae??aia

OAeE
541.64+541.144.8.

ACEAeE ENAIOIIO ? OEOI?AIO

OA ?O OIOI?I?Oe?THTH*A CAeAOI?NOUe

02.00.06 – o?i?y aenieiiieaeoey?ieo niieoe

A a o i ? a o a ? a o

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa o?i?/ieo iaoe

Ee?a – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien

?iaioa aeeiiaia ia eaoaae?? o?i?? aenieiiieaeoey?ieo niieoe o?i?/iiai
oaeoeueoaoo Ee?anueeiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? o?i?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?

Ne?iiyoi?eia Aieiaeeie? Aai?a?eiae/

Ee?anueeee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea,

caa. eaoaae?e o?i?? aenieiiieaeoey?ieo niieoe

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? o?i?/ieo iaoe

Ianethe Aiaoie?e Oaaei?iae/,

?inoeooo a?io?i?? IAI Oe?a?ie ?i. A.A.Iaeeaae?ia,

Aieiaiee iaoe.ni?a?. a?aeae?eo o?i?? ? a?io?i?? oa?iaio?a

aeieoi? o?i?/ieo iaoe

Oaaoeye Oaae?? A?eai?iae/,

Iaoe?iiaeueiee oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao

Oe?a?ie «Ee?anueeee iie?oaoi?/iee
?inoeooo»

i?ioani? eaoaae?e o?i?/ii? oaoiieia?? a’yaeo/eo, iie?ia?ieo oa
eiiiiceoe?eieo iaoa??ae?a

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: ?inoeooo o?i?? aenieiiieaeoey?ieo niieoe

IAI Oe?a?ie, a?aeae?e o?i?? ie?aiia??a oa

neioaoe/ieo eao/oe?a, i. Ee?a

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “22” /a?aiy 1999?. i 14 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 26.001.25 o Ee?anueeiio oi?aa?neoao?
?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea ca aae?anith: Ee?a-33, aoe. Aieiaeeie?nueea, 64,
o?i?/iee oaeoeueoao, aoae. 518, Oae. (044) 221-02-82.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? Ee?anueeiai
oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea ca aae?anith: Ee?a, aoe.
Aieiaeeie?nueea, 58.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “20” o?aaiy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee

Ae 26.001.25, eaiaeeaeao o?i?/ieo iaoe _______________ Een?eue A.I.

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. A?aeiii, ui a?iiaoe/i? oa aaoa?ia?iiaoe/i? aceaee
– oea na?oei/ooeea? ?a/iaeie, ui ?iceeaaeathoueny i?ae ae??th na?oea c
aenieei eaaioiaei aeoiaeii. Aiane?aeie oa?iie?co aai oioie?co aceae?a
ooai?th?oueny iieaeoey?iee acio oa iaaecae/aeii aeoeaiee a??aaeeeae
i?o?ai. Ca ?aooiie aoi?eiieo eiai ?aaeoe?e iiaeeeaa ooai?aiiy a?eueieo
?aaeeeae?a ??cii? aoaeiae, ui iioaioe?eii iiaeooue ?i?oe?thaaoe
iie?ia?ecaoe?ei? i?ioeane. Oe? iniaeeaino? ?iceeaaeo aceaeia?oie
aeathoue iiaeeea?noue canoiniaoaaoe aceaee ye na?oei- aai oa?ii/ooeea?
neeaaeia? aeey ??ciiiai?oieo aeae?a caieno ?ioi?iaoe??, oaeeo ye
oioiaeaoi?iaoe?eiee, aaceeoey?iee oa oioiiie?ia?ecaoe?eiee. Ooai?aiiy
aiane?aeie oioi?iceeaaeo aceae?a caaa?aeaieo i?iaeoeo?a aai oeo, ui
aei?ii?iththoue o aeaeei?e iaeano? niaeo?o aeei?enoiao?oueny o
ethi?ianoeaioiiio niinia? caieno ?ioi?iaoe??. ?a?no?oth/? oa?e, noai?ai?
ia iniia? aceae?a, oa?aeoa?ecothoueny aenieith ?icae?eueiith
caeaoi?noth, niaeo?aeueiith /ooeea?noth a OO-iaeano?, eaae?noth
ia?a?iaee oa aeaoaaeciith.

ssiiinueeeie a/aieie iieacaia iiaeeea?noue canoinoaaiiy aeayeeo
aceae?a, a naia i-cai?uaieo a?eenoeueoii?eaceae?a,
iaoo?enoeueoii?eaceae?a oa aeayeeo ?ioeo ye oioi- oa oa?ii?i?oe?aoi??a
?aaeeeaeueii? iie?ia?ecaoe?? a?i?eiaeo iiiiia??a.

E??i caieno ?ioi?iaoe??, a?iiaoe/i? oa aaoa?ia?iiaoe/i? aceaee ciaeoee
canoinoaaiiy a iie?ia?i?e o?i?? ye aoeeai?caoi?e aoie, aaaioe aeey
coeaee oa ni?iaiiy oe?eiai ?yaeo iie?ia??a: iie?noe?ieo,
iie?a?i?eaoeaoaoo, aoeaoaoo oeaetheice, iie?aoeeaio oiui. Oaeiae aceaee
canoiniaothoueny aeey iiaeeo?eaoe?? iie?ia?ieo iiaa?oiiue, ye aeiaeaoee
aei iie?ia??a; aeaye? c ieo aeyaeee cia/io a?ieia?/io aeoeai?noue,
caiaoaioiaaii ?o aeei?enoaiiy o oa?iaeieia?? aeey e?eoaaiiy a?ia?oii??.
?niothoue iaoaioe, a yeeo aceaee ?aeiiaiaeiaaii aeey aeei?enoaiiy o
n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa? ye aa?a?oeeaee.

Ine?eueee iniaeeaino? ?iceeaaeo aceaeia?oie oa ?aaeoe?eia caeaoi?noue
i?o?aio a cia/i?e i??? caeaaeaoue a?ae aoaeiae iieaeoee aceaeo, aeey
noai?aiiy na?oei/ooeeaeo na?aaeiaeu c oe?ieei niaeo?ii oa?aeoa?enoee,
aeioe?eueiei ? neioac iiaeo eean?a aaoa?ia?iiaoe/ieo aceae?a, aea/aiiy
?oi?o niaeo?aeueii-ethi?ianoeaioieo oa oioio?i?/ieo aeanoeainoae oa
aeine?aeaeaiiy iiaeeeainoae ?o aeei?enoaiiy a o?i?? iie?ia??a.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie. Aeena?oaoe?eio ?iaioo aeeiiaii a
?aieao aea?aeathaeaeaoieo oai Eaa?iaoo I?i?no??a Oe?a?ie: ? 0194E017898
“Aeine?aeaeaiiy oioiia?aoai?aiue, aeano?oeoe?? oa oioinoaa?e?caoe?? a
eiiiiceoe?eieo iaoa??aeao ia iniia? iiaeo eean?a aceae?a, ?ioi?iaoe?eieo
na?aaeiaeuao oa neioaoe/ieo iie?ia?ao”, ?0197E003080 «Iiaeeo?eaoe?y
iie?ia??a oa ?o eiiiiceo?a i?e aeei?enoaii? niieoe c
aioo??oiueiiieaeoey?iei ia?aiinii aia?a?? ? i?aai?/ieo aceae?a» oa oaie
?957 “Neioaoe/i? iie?ia?i? a`yaeo/? ? i?ioaeoi?e oa na?oei/ooeea?
?a/iaeie aeey ian??aieo oioiiaoa??ae?a”, i?iaeo 3.16 iaoeiai-oaoi?/ii?
i?ia?aie “Iia? o?i?/i? ?a/iaeie ? iaoa??aee iaeioiiiaaeiiai ae?iaieoeoaa
aeey cai?ie ?iii?oiaaieo” I?ii?iio Oe?a?ie.

Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy. Neioac oa aeine?aeaeaiiy iiaiai ?yaeo
aaoa?ia?iiaoe/ieo aceae?a ia iniia? enaioiiiaiai oa oeoi?aiiaiai
oeeee?a, aeyaeaiiy iniaeeainoae ?o oioie?co, iiooe oeyo?a aeei?enoaiiy
oeeo aceae?a ye oioi?i?oe?aoi??a iie?ia?ecaoe?? a?i?eiaeo iiiiia??a oa
iiaeeeainoae ?o canoinoaaiiy ye na?oei/ooeeaeo neeaaeiaeo a iaoa??aeao
aeey caieno ?ioi?iaoe??.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Aia?oa neioaciaaii i`youe
aceae?a enaioiio oa oeoi?aio, aea/aii ?o aoaeiao o e?enoae?/iiio noai?,
?ic/eiieeao ??cii? iiey?iino?, a oaeiae o na?aaeiaeuao c ??ciei
cia/aiiyi ?I. Aeine?aeaeaii e?iaoeeo oioie?co neioaciaaieo aceae?a o
?ic/eiao oa iie?ia?ieo ie?aeao ? anoaiiaeaii neeaae i?iaeoeo?a oioie?co.
Anoaiiaeaii, ui neioaciaai? aceaee ? oioi?i?oe?aoi?aie iie?ia?ecaoe??
a?i?eiaeo iiiiia??a o ?ic/eiao oa ian? ? aea/aii aeaye? iniaeeaino?
oeueiai i?ioeano. Iieacaii, ui iie?ia?ecaoe?y iaoeeiaoae?eeaoo o
i?enooiino? aceae?a enaioiio a?aeaoaa?oueny oaeiae ye oaiiiaee i?ioean
i?ney iiia?aaeiueiai ii?ii?iaiiy iie?ia?ecaoe?eii? noi?o?, ui i?noeoue
aceaee oa i?iaeoeoe ?oiueiai oioie?co.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Caaaeyee aenie?e
na?oei/ooeeaino? aeine?aeaeoaaieo aceae?a, ia ?o iniia? ?ic?iaeaii
ie?aee aeey aaceeoey?iiai caieno ?ioi?iaoe??, ye? ca nai?th
na?oei/ooeea?noth oa eiio?anoi?noth e?au? ca iaoa??aee AC-2 oa AC-3
(?in?y), a oaeiae oioiiaoa??aee oeio «OZAFAN» eiioea?io «Oueiono» (O?I),
ui aeioneathoueny na??eii, iieacaia iiaeeea?noue aeei?enoaiiy aeaieo
aceae?a o na?oei/ooeeaeo oioiiie?ia?ecaoe?eieo iaoa??aeao ? ye naini??a
ia ?I oa iiey?i?noue na?aaeiaeua.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. O oiaei ii?aoethaaiiy oaie aeena?oaoei?
iniaenoi aaoi?ii aoee aeeiiaii neioace aceaeiiio?aeieo enaioiio oa
oeoi?aio; i?iaaaeaii aeineiaeaeaiiy anueiai eiiieaeno aeanoeainoae
iaea?aeaieo niieoe. Aeena?oaioo iaeaaeeoue iioa?i?aoaoeiy
aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iaoa??aee aeena?oaoe??
aeiiia?aeaeenue ia V oa VI can?aeaiiyo Oe?a?inueeiai nai?ia?o “I?iaeaie
oioio?i?? na?oei/ooeeaeo iiiiia?-ie?aiia?ieo ? iie?ia?ieo nenoai” (1994
?. oa 1995?., O?oneaaaoeue), iaoe.-i?aeo. eiio. “Iaoeii?noe? oaoiieia??
iiaea?eiiai i?ecia/aiiy” (1994 ?., Ee?a), Eiio. ?c i?iaeai oioio?i??
na?oei/ooeeaeo iiiiia?-ie?aiia?ieo ? iie?ia?ieo nenoai (Euea?a, 1994),
VII Oe?a?inuee?e eiio. c i?aai?/ii? o?i?? (aeiaoaiue 1995 ?., Oa?e?a),
VIII Oe?a?inuee?e eiio. c o?i?? aenieiiieaeoey?ieo niieoe (aa?anaiue
1996 ?., Ee?a), a oaeiae i?aeia?iaeieo eiioa?aioe?yo: OL Zjazd Naukowy
PTChem i SITPChem (Gdansk, 1997), XIII konf. nauk. ‘Modyfikacja
polimerow” (Kudowa Zdroj, 1997), IUPAC Symposium etpi’ 97. (Cracow,
1997), V-th International Conf. on Methods and Applications of
Fluorescence Spectroscopy (Berlin – Germany, 1997), Europhysics conf. in
Electronic Processes in Organic Materials (Kiev, 1998), Iaaeaeoia?iaeiay
iao/ii-oaoie/aneay eiio. «Eiiiiceoeeiiiua iaoa?eaeu» (Eeaa, 1998), XLI
Zjazd Naukowy PTChem i SITPChem (Wroclaw, 1998).

Ioae?eaoe?? Ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 4 noaoo? oa oace
12 aeiiia?aeae.

No?oeoo?a oa ianya aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c anooio,
i’yoe ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaieo e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaea?ae,
ui ia?….. iaeiaioaaiue, oa aeiaeaoeo. ?iaioo aeeeaaeaii ia …..
noi??ieao ae?oeiaaiiai oaenoo, aiia i?noeoue ….. ?enoie?a, …..
oaaeeoeue oa 1 noi??ieo aeiaeaoeo.

Iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe iaea?aeaii ca
aeiiiiiaith neioaoe/ieo oa no/anieo o?ceei-o?i?/ieo iaoiae?a
aeine?aeaeaiiy: neioaciaai? niieoee ioa?aeoa?eciaaii ca aeaieie
aeaiaioiiai aiae?co, OO-, ?*-, oa II?-niaeo?ineii??; e?iaoeeo
oioi?i?oe?eiaaii? iie?ia?ecaoe?? aeine?aeaeoaaee aeeeaoiiao?e/iei, a
iaea?aeai? iie?ia?i? c?acee – a?neiceiao?e/iei iaoiaeaie; oioio?i?/i? oa
niaeo?aeueii-ethi?ianoeaioi? aeanoeaino? – iaoiaeaie AI?-, OO-, ?*- oa
ethi?ianoeaioii? niaeo?ineii??; neeaae oioie?caoo – aenieiaoaeoeaiith
??aeeiiith oa aaciaith o?iiaoi-iann niaeo?ineii??th aeaeo?iiiei oaea?ii;
aaceeoey?i? iaoa??aee – naineoiiao?e/ieie iaoiaeaie.

INIIAIEE CI?NO ?IAIOE

E?OA?AOO?IEE IAEssAe

O ?icae?e? nenoaiaoeciaaii e?oa?aoo?i? aeai? ii canoinoaaiith
a?iiaoe/ieo oa aaoa?ia?iiaoe/ieo aceae?a a ??ciiiai?oieo niiniaao caieno
?ioi?iaoe??, cie?aia iia’ycaieo c oioicoeaaiiyi, aeine?aeaeaiith
iiaeeeainoae ?i?oe?thaaiiy i?ioean?a iie?ia?ecaoe??, oa ?io? noa?e
aeei?enoaiiy.

NEIOAC ACEAe?A ENAIOIIO ? OEOI?AIO

?icae?e i?enay/aii neioaco aeaio iiaeo eean?a aceae?a I-V ia iniia?
enaioiiiaiai oa oeoi?aiiaiai oeeee?a:

aea ? R1 – I, R2 – N3 2-aceaeienaioii (2-aceaei-9I-9-
enaioaiii),

?? R1, R2 – N3 2,7-ae?aceaeienaioii (2,7-ae?aceaei-
9I-9-enaioaiii),

??? R1, R2 – N3 3,6-ae?aceaeioeoi?ai (3`,6`-ae?aceaei-
ni??i-[?ciaaicioo?ai-1(3I),9`-enaioai]-3-ii),

?V R1 – N3, R2 – OH 3-aceaei-6-a?ae?iene-oeoi?ai
(3`-aceaei-6`-a?ae?iene-ni??i[?ciaaicioo?ai- (3I),9`-enaioai]-3-ii),

V R1 – N3, R2 – NH2 3-aceaei-6- ai?iioeoi?ai
(3`-aceaei-6`-ai?ii-ni??i[?ciaaicioo?ai-1(3I),9` -enaioai]-3-ii).

Aceaee oaei? aoaeiae ?ai?oa a e?oa?aoo?? ia aoee iienai?.

Aceaee IV, V ca aoaeiaith nii??aeiai? c ?iaeai?iiaeie aa?aieeaie
(?iaeie, ?iaeai?i), ye? iathoue ?ioaineaio ethi?ianoeaioe?th. Iaeieie c
i?iaeoeo?a oioio?i?/iiai ia?aoai?aiiy aceae?a /anoi ? ia?aeii? ?
aoi?eii? ai?ie (aa?aieee). ?iaeai?iia? aa?aieee a caeaaeiino? a?ae
na?aaeiaeua iiaeooue ?nioaaoe o aeaio ??cieo oi?iao, iaeia c yeeo,
caieiaia a eaeoiiiee oeeee – oeoi?aiiaa (iacaaa?aeaia), a ae?oaa –
a?aee?eoa (enaioaiiaa), ui iiaeeia? o aeaeei?e iaeano? niaeo?a. Oiio
caeaaaeiny a a??ia?aeiei, ui ? aceaeiiio?aei? oeoi?aio, c ai?ii- oa
a?ae?ienea?oiaie oaeiae ?nioaaoeiooue o aeaeyae? aeaio oi?i a
caeaaeiino? a?ae iiey?iino? ? ?I-na?aaeiaeua, a oiio aoaeooue /ooeeaeie
aei na?oea c ??cieie aeiaaeeiaie oaeeue. I/?eoaaeinue, ui
ae?aceaeioeoi?ai ?nioaaoeia o?eueee a iacaaa?aeai?e oi?i?, a i?iaeoeoe
eiai oioie?co aoaeooue caaa?aeai? ? iaoeiooue ethi?ianoeaioe?th, a oiio
ethi?ianoeaioiee caien ia iniia? oeueiai aceaeo aoaea a?aeiinii no?eeei
aei ae?? aeaeeiiai na?oea.

sse a?eueo i?ino? ia’?eoe aeine?aeaeaiiy, nii??aeiai? c oeoi?aiaie, aoee
ia?ai? aceaee ia iniia? enaioiio, ui ia? oioiaeoeaio ea?aii?eueio a?oio
? ? oioi?i?oe?aoi?ii ?aaeeeaeueii? iiaeeo?eaoe?? iie?ieao?i?a.

Aceaee enaioiio neioacoaaee i?o?oaaiiyi enaioiio, c iiaeaeueoei
a?aeiiaeaiiyi ooai?aieo a?aeiia?aeieo i?o?iiio?aeieo aei ai?iienaioii?a
oa iiaeaeueoith ae??th aceaeo iao??th ia nie? ae?acii?th iaea?aeaieo
ai?iienaioii?a.

Aceaee oeoi?aio neioacoaaee ae??th aceaeo iao??th ia nie? ae?acii?th
?iaeai?io (3,6-ae?ai?iioeoi?aio) ? ?iaeieo
(3-ai?ii-6-a?ae?ieneoeoi?aio), ye? aoei iaea?aeaii eiiaeainaoe??th
i-ai?iioaiieo c ooaeaaei aia?ae?eaeii.

AOAeIAA, OIOIO?I?*I? OA NIAEO?AEUeII-ETHI?IANOeAIOI? AEANOEAINO?
ACEAe?A ENAIOIIO ? OEOI?AIO OA I?IAeOEO?A ?O OIOIE?CO

Aeey aeiaaaeaiiy aoaeiae neioaciaaieo niieoe aoee aeei?enoai? aeai?
aeaiaioiiai aiae?co, II?- OO- oa ?*-niaeo?ineii??.

Aeey ia?aa??ee iiaeeeaino? ?nioaaiiy aceaeiiio?aeieo oeoi?aio o aeaio
oi?iao aoei aeine?aeaeaii ?*-niaeo?e niieoe III-V o e?enoae?/iiio noai?,
a iie?ia?ieo ie?aeao oa niaeo?e iiaeeiaiiy oeeo niieoe a iie?ia?ieo
ie?aeao, ?ic/eiao ??cii? iiey?iino? oa c ??ciei cia/aiiyi ?I.
Anoaiiaeaii, ui a e?enoae?/iiio noai? aceaee III-V, ia a?aei?io a?ae
aeo?aeieo enaioaiiaeo aa?aiee?a, ia caaa?aeai? ? ? iio?aeieie oeoi?aio,
i?i ui na?ae/eoue ?ioaineaia nioaa SYMBOL 110 \f “Symbol” N=I 1740
ni-1, oa?aeoa?ia aeey eaeoii?a, a ?*-niaeo?ao (EAr) oeeo niieoe. E??i
oiai, a ?*-niaeo?ao oeeo aceae?a i?enooi? ?ioaineai? nioae aceiao?e/ieo
? neiao?e/ieo eieeaaiue aceaeia?oie SYMBOL 110 \f “Symbol” asN3
2120-2130 ni-1 , a oaeiae a?oie -II 3350 ni-1 o niaeo?? niieoee IV ?
-NH2 3400 ni-1 o niaeo?? niieoee V.

Niaeo?e iiaeeiaiiy 3,6-ae?aceaeioeoi?aio, ciyo? a iie?ia?ieo ie?aeao,
?ic/eiieeao ??cii? iiey?iino? (a?ae aaicieo aei iaoaiieo) a oaeiae a
nie?oiai-eeneioieo oa nie?oiai-eoaeieo ?ic/eiao ia iathoue nioa o
aeaeei?e iaeano? ? noiae? ia niaeo? iiaeeiaiiy 3,6-aeeoei?oeoi?aio, yeee
?nio? aeeeth/ii a caieioo?e oeoi?aiia?e oi?i?. Oiaoi, aceae III ?nio?
aeeeth/ii o oeoi?aiia?e oi?i?, ye?e a?aeiia?aea? naia ei?ioeioaeeueiaa
iiaeeiaiiy.

Niieoee IV, V a ?ic/eiao iaeiiiey?ieo ?ic/eiiee?a (ae?ienai, oei?ioi?i)
oaeiae ?niothoue a caieioo?e oi?i?, a a a?eueo iiey?ieo ?ic/eiieeao
(aoaiie) /anoeiai ia?aoiaeyoue a caaa?aeaio enaioaiiao oi?io, (noaia I,
oi?ie IVa, Va) ui noi?iaiaeaeo?oueny iiyaith nioa iiaeeiaiiy a iaeano?
470-510 ii. ?ice?eooy oeeee?a a iieaeoeao oeeo niieoe a?aeaoaa?oueny
oaeiae i?e ca?eueoai? iiey?iino? na?aaeiaeua oeyoii aeiaeaaaiiy aei ?o
ae?ienaiiaeo ?ic/ei?a aiaee (?en.1), ui ei?aeth? c aeaieie aeey
iiae?aieo ai?iiiio?aeieo oeoi?aio.

?en.1. Ca?eueoaiiy ai?noo ?ice?eoi? oi?ie i?e i?aeaeuaii? iiey?iino?
na?aaeiaeua((- ae?aeaeo?e/ia i?iieei?noue na?aaeiaeua):

1. 3,6-ae?ai?iioeoi?ai,

2. 3-N-aoeeai?ii-6- ai?iioeoi?ai,

3. 3-N,N-aeeaoeeai?ii-6- ai?ii-oeoi?ai,

4.3-aceaei-6- a?ae?ieneoeoi?ai ((max=490ii)

5. 3-aceaei-6-ai?iioeoi?ai ((max=500ii)

Iieacaii, ui a oioio?i?/ii iaaeoeaieo iie?ia?ieo ie?aeao ia iniia?
iie?a?i?eaoeeaeth (IAA) aceaee IV, V oaeiae ?niothoue o oeoi?aiiaeo
oi?iao, oiae? ye o oioio?i?/ii aeoeai?e iie?ia?i?e iao?eoe? ia iniia?
eiiie?ia?o a?i?e?aeaioei?eaeo, ae?eeii?o?eeo oa iaoeeiaoae?eeaoo (AAI)
a?aeaoaa?oueny ooai?aiiy enaioaiiaeo oi?i aeaieo niieoe, (c’yaey?oueny
iiaeeiaiiy o aeaeei?e iaeano? 480-510 ii), ui oaeiae iathoue ?ioaineaio
ethi?ianoeaioe?th.

I?e aeiaeaaaii? aei nie?oiaiai ?ic/eio niieoee V eeneioe, a aei ?ic/eio
niieoee IV eoao, ??aiiaaaa oaeiae cnoaa?oueny a a?e ooai?aiiy
enaioaiiaeo caaa?aeaieo oi?i (?en.2).Aca?iiia?aoai?aiiy oeeee?/ieo ?
a?aee?eoeo oi?i aceae?a IV, V a?aeia?aaeai? ia noai? I.

Caaaeyee aenie?e /ooeeaino? aei ?I oa iiey?iino? na?aaeiaeua niieoee
IV, V iiaeia cai?iiiioaaoe aeey aeei?enoaiiy ye naini?e ia oe? oaeoi?e.

Iaie aoei aea/aii oioio?i?/i? aeanoeaino? aceaeiiio?aeieo enaioiio oa
oeoi?aio o nie?oiaeo ?ic/eiao ? iie?ia?ieo ie?aeao ia iniia? IAA ? AAI.
C?acee ii?ii?ithaaee na?oeii eaiie Ae?O-1000 c (max =254, 313 oa 365 ii,
ui aeecuee? aei (max iiaeeiaiiy aceae?a.

a) a)

?en.2. Caeaaei?noue eiao?oe??ioa aenoeieoe??: a) nie?oiai-eoaeiiai
?ic/eio 3-aceaei-6-ieneoeoi?aio a?ae eiioeaio?aoe?? eoao ia aeiaaeeiao
oaeeue 240 oa 455 ii; a) nie?oiai-eeneioiiai ?ic/eio
3-aceaei-6-ai?iioeoi?aio a?ae eiioeaio?aoe?? eeneioe ia aeiaaeeiao
oaeeue 226 oa 455 ii;

Noaia ?. Aca?iiia?aoai?aiiy ??cieo oi?i aceae?a oeoi?aio.

Eiio?ieue ca ia?aa?aii oioio?i?/ieo ?aaeoe?e cae?enithaaany
niaeo?ioioiiao?e/ii – aeey nie?oiaeo ?ic/ei?a ca ci?iaie o niaeo?ao
iiaeeiaiiy, aeey iie?ia?ieo ie?aie – ca ?*- oa OO-niaeo?aie. Ca ci?iaie
a OO-niaeo?ao ?ic?aoiaoaaany eaaioiaee aeo?ae ( i?iaeoeo?a oioie?co, ca
?*- ( oioie?co aceaeia?oie (ca ciaioaiiyi ?ioaineaiino? (asN3). Ca
aeaieie ?*-niaeo?ineii?? ( eaaeeoue o iaaeao 0,03-0,4(10% aeey aceae?a
oeoi?aio oa 0,02-0,1(10% aeey aceae?a enaioiio. Iaea?eueo na?oei/ooeeaei
aeyaeany aceae V.

A AI?-niaeo?ao aeine?aeaeoaaieo aceae?a, ciyoeo i?e 77E i?e ii?ii?iaii?
?ioaa?aeueiei na?oeii eaiie Ae?O-250 ia cao?eniaaii neaiae?a, ui
a?aeiia?aeathoue o?eieaoiei i?o?aiai.

Noaia II

Iaoiaeii aenieiaoaeoeaii? ??aeeiii? o?iiaoia?ao?? oa
o?iiaoi-ian-niaeo?ineii?? aeaeo?iiiei oaea?ii aoei anoaiiaeaii neeaae
oa ni?aa?aeiioaiiy i?iaeoeo?a oioie?co 2-aceaeienaioiio a aoaiie?,
iaoaiie?, iaoeeiaoae?eeao? oa AeIOA i?ney ii?ii?iaiiy c?ace?a
?ioaa?aeueiei na?oeii eaiie Ae?O-1000 i?ioyaii aeaio aiaeei. Ca?aeii c
aeaieie, iaaaaeaieie ia noai? II, i?ae /an oioie?co 2-aceaeienaioiio a
nie?oao c iaea?eueoei aeoiaeii ooai?th?oueny 2-i?o?ienaioii,
2-ai?iienaioii ooai?th?oueny c aeinoaoiuei aenieei aeoiaeii a aoaiie? ?
AeIOA. Ii?yae ?c oeeie i?iaeoeoaie i?e oioie?c? a nie?oao aeyaeaii
i?iaeoeo i?e?aeiaiiy iieaeoee nie?oo c ace?eiiaith aoaeiaith, yeee
ooai?th?oueny /a?ac i?o?ai o neiaeaoiiio noai?. A i?iaeoeoao oioie?co
iaia? aciniieoe, ooai?aiiy yeeo a?aeaoaa?oueny o?eueee /a?ac o?eieaoiee
i?o?ai. I?iaeoeoe oioia?aeiiaeaiiy ea?aii?eueii? a?oie enaioiiiaiai
oeeeeo i?ae /an ii?ii?iaiiy ?ic/ei?a 2-aceaeienaioiio a oiiaao
aenia?eiaioo ia ooai?ththoueny. A iie?ia?ieo ie?aeao ooai?ththoueny
ia?aaaaeii ai?iiiio?aei? enaioiio, ui iathoue ?ioaineaio
ethi?ianoeaioe?th. Ooai?aiiy aeuaaeacaieo niieoe ocaiaeaeo?oueny ?c
caaaeueiii?eeiyoith noaiith ?iceeaaeo aceaeia?oie c ooai?aiiyi i?o?ai?a.
Aea ooai?aiiy enaioiio, aeo?ae yeiai iaeee a aoaiie?, iaoaiie? ?
cia/iee a AeIOA, na?ae/eoue i?i i?ioiaeaeaiiy ia?aeaeueii cian?i ?ioiai
ca iaoai?ciii i?ioeano. ?acoeueoaoe oeeo aeine?aeaeaiue aeathoue
i?aenoaao i?eioneaoe, ui i?e oioie?c? aceae?a enaioiio ooai?ththoueny
ia?aaaaeii neiaeaoi? i?o?aie. Aoi?eii? oioio?i?/i? ?aaeoe?? aeineoue
neeaaei? ? i?ecaiaeyoue aei ooai?aiiy oe?eiai ?yaeo i?iaeoeo?a,
e?euee?noue oa i?e?iaea yeeo caeaaeeoue a?ae na?aaeiaeua.

Neeaae oa i?e?iaeo i?iaeoeo?a oioie?co aceae?a oeoi?aio anoaiiaethaaee
ia iniia? OO-, ?*- oa niaeo??a ethi?ianoeaioe??. Oae, aceaee oeoi?aio
i?e oioie?c? a aoaiie? ? iie?ia?ieo ie?aeao, ca ?aooiie
oioia?aeiiaeaiiy, ooai?ththoue ia?aaaaeii caaa?aeai? i?iaeoeoe iiae?ai?
?iaeai?iiaei aa?aieeai, ui noi?iaiaeaeo?oueny coeaeith iie?ia?ii?
iao?eoe?. A i?e iaioeo oa?i?iao ii?ii?iaiiy ooai?ththoueny ia?aaaaeii
i?iaeoeoe ?i?iiiai oeio, ui iiaeeiathoue aeecueei 405 ii (coaia III).

Ooai?aiiy i?o?ai?a i?ae /an oioie?co aeine?aeaeoaaieo aceae?a aea? ciiao
iaea?aeaoe ia ?o iniia? iaoa??aee aeey aaceeoey?iiai, a ooai?aiiy
i?iaeoeo?a ai?iiiai oeio – aeey ethi?ianoeaioiiai caieno ?ioi?iaoe??.

Noaia III. Ia?aeii? oa aoi?eii? oioio?i?/i? ia?aoai?aiiy aceae?a
oeoi?aio a iie?ia?i?e iao?eoe? oa aoaiie?.

OIOI?I?Oe?THAAIIss ?AAeEEAEUeII? AIIIIIE?IA?ECAOe?? IAOEEIAOAE?EEAOO
ACEAeAIE ENAIOIIO OA OEOI?AIO.

ssaeua ooai?aiiy a??aaeeeaeo i?o?aio aiane?aeie oioie?co aai oa?iie?co
aceaeia?oie aeaei ciiao oe?iei canoiniaoaaoe a?iiaoe/i? oa
aaoa?ia?iiaoe/i? aceaee ye aaaioe oioicoeaee ??ciiiai?oieo iie?ia?ieo
nenoai. ?nio? iaiaaeaia e?euee?noue e?oa?aoo?ieo a?aeiiinoae uiaei
aeei?enoaiiy, iai?eeeaae, i-cai?uaieo a?eenoeueoii?eaceae?a ye
oioi?i?oe?aoi??a ?aaeeeaeueii? iie?ia?ecaoe?? a?i?eiaeo iiiiia??a o
?ic/eiao.

Iaoith iaoi? ?iaioe aoei aea/aiiy oioi?i?oe?thth/i? caeaoiino?
aceaeiai?nieo enaioii?a I, II, oa nii??aeiaieo ?c ieie aceaeioeoi?ai?a
III-V. Nai enaioii ia? oioiaeoeaio ea?aii?eueio a?oio ? ? aoaeoeaiei
oioi?i?oe?aoi?ii i?ioeano ?aaeeeaeueii? iiaeeo?eaoe?? iie?ieao?i?a
[188], /ooeeaei aei OO-na?oea c aeiaaeeiaie oaeeue 300-350 ii (i?e
oeueiio a?aeaoaa?oueny oioia?aeiiaeaiiy ea?aii?eueii? a?oie). Oe?eaai
aoei aeine?aeeoe ye aieeaaoeia aaaaeaiiy oioiaeoeaii? aceaeia?oie a
iieaeoeo enaioiio ia eiai na?oei/ooeea?noue ? oioi?i?oe?thth/o
aeoeai?noue oa iaoai?ci ?i?oe?thaaiiy iie?ia?ecaoe?? a?i?eiaeo
iiiiia??a. C ?ioiai aieo aeine?aeaeoaaany aieea ea?aii?eai?nieo iieaeoe
enaioiio ? oeoi?aio ia na?oei/ooeea?noue aceaeia?oie, neeaae i?iaeoeo?a
?? oioie?co oa ?o caeaoi?noue ?i?oe?thaaoe ?aaeoe?th oioiiie?ia?ecaoe??.

Aea/aiiy oioi?i?oe?thth/i? ae?? neioaciaaioo aceae?a i?iaiaeeee o
?ic/ei? aeeiaoeeoi?iai?aeo (IIA-15%) oa a ian? i?e 30(N o eaa?oeiaiio
aeeeaoiiao?? a aoiinoa?? a?aiio. C?acee ii?ii?ithaaee ?ioaa?aeueiei
OO-na?oeii eaiie I?E-4. sse iiiiia? aoei ia?aii IIA, ine?eueee a?i
niaeo?aeueii i?ici?ee a iaeano? iiaeeiaiiy aeine?aeaeoaaieo aceae?a. Nai
iiiiia? aac ?i?oe?aoi?a a oiiaao aenia?eiaioo ia iie?ia?eco?oueny. Aeey
e?iaoe/ieo aei??thaaiue aeo?ae iie?ia?o oa iioi/iee i?ioeaio eiiaa?n??
aecia/aee ca eae?a?oaaeueiith i?yiith – % eiiaa?n?? iiiiia?a –
eiio?aeoe?y. Iieaeoey?i? iane iie?ia??a, ui ooai?eeeny, aecia/aee ca
aeaieie a?neiceiao??? (Oaae.1).

Aeyaeaii, ui iie?ia?ecaoe?y IIA, ?i?oe?eiaaia aaici?iii, a?aeaoaa?oueny
cia/ii oaeaeoa i?ae iacai?uaiei enaioiiii (?en.3, Oaae.1), a ??
oaeaee?noue i?e aeei?enoaii? aceaeiiio?aeieo enaioiio oa oeoi?aio ia?
i?ii?aeia cia/aiiy. Aaaaeaiiy aeaio aceaeia?oi a iieaeoeo enaioiio
i?ecaiaeeoue aei ca?eueoaiiy oaeaeeino? i?ioeano o ii??aiyii? c
iiiiaceaeienaioiiii oa aei ooai?aiiy iacia/ii? e?eueeino? coeoeo
no?oeoo?.

Cia/aiiy ii?yaee?a ?aaeoe?? ca ?i?oe?aoi?ii a aenia?eiaioao c aceaeaie
I-IV aeecuee? aei eeane/iiai aeey ?aaeeeaeueii? iie?ia?ecaoe??, aea ia
aei??aiththoue – 0,5, oiaoi iiaeeeaa iaeii/ania i?ioiaeaeaiiy
aeae?eueeio ?aaeoe?e ca o/anoth iieaeoe ?i?oe?aoi?a, i?e/iio aeaye? c
ieo iiaeooue aooe oaiiiaeie. Oiio iaie aoei i?iaaaeaii na??th aeine?ae?a
?c i?eieiaiiyi ii?ii?iaiiy i?ae /an i?ioiaeaeaiiy i?ioeano
iie?ia?ecaoe??.

?en. 3. E?iaoe/i? e?ea? iie?ia?ecaoe?? 15% ?ic/eio IIA a AeIOA o
i?enooiino?: 1 – 0,5% aaici?io; 2 – 0,5% 2,7-ae?aceaeienaioiio; 3 –
0,5% 2-aceaeienaioiio; 4 – 1%; enaioiio; 5 – 0,5%
3-aceaei-6-a?ae?ieneoeoi?aio; 6 – 0,5% 3,6-ae?aceaeioeoi?aio.

Oaaeeoey. 1.

Cia/aiiy oaeaeeino? Vi oa noia?ii? eiinoaioe E( iie?ia?ecaoe?? IIA o
i?enooiino? aeine?aeaeoaaieo aceae?a oa aaici?io, nooi?iue
iie?ia?ecaoe?? c?ace?a IIIA (P(), iaea?aeaieo ca aeaieie
a?neiceiao?e/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue (oieoie, O=30(N, E=3,105(10-4,
(=0.5798).

?i?oe?aoi? [?] (102, iieue/e Vi (105, iieue/(e*n) E( (104 P(

aaici?i

2-aceaeienaioii

2-aceaeienaioii

(a ian?)

2.7-ae?aceaeienaioii

3,6-aeiaceaeioeoi?ai

3-aceaei-6-oeneoeoi?ai

enaioii 0,7

0,62

0,095

0,26

0,19

0,41

0,76 2,3

0,8

0,2

2,1

0,6

0,9

0,5 2,6

1,1

1,1

4,5

1,9

2,9

0,2 300

1 000

2 300

400

1 000

900

1 100

sse aeaeii c ?en. 4a., i?ney aeieiaiiy aeaea?aea OO-aei?ii?iaiiy ia
ii/aoeo iie?ia?ecaoe?? IIA o i?enooiino? 2-aceaeienaioiio i?ioean
i?iaeiaaeo?oueny, i?e/iio eiai oaeaee?noue nii/aoeo iaa?oue o o?e ?ace
aeua i?ae a aiaeia?/iiio aenia?eiaio? c iino?eiei ii?ii?iaiiyi (Vn i?e
ii?ii?iaii? ? aac iueiai aeey 1% 2-aceaeienaioiio noaiiaeoue 0,8 oa
2,4*10-5 iieue/(e*n) a?aeiia?aeii, a iio?i – aeaui oiia?eueith?oueny.
Iie?ia?ecaoe?y i?iaeiaaeo?oueny o “oai?ya?” a?eueoa aeaio aiaeei
(?en.4a, e?eaa 2). sseui ina?oeaiiy nenoaie i?eieieoe ia noaoe?iia?i?e
ae?eyioe? i?ioeano (?en. 4a, A), niinoa??aa?oueny nii/aoeo aeayea
i?enei?aiiy iie?ia?ecaoe??, a iio?i aiia oiia?eueith?oueny. sseui
a?aeiiaeoe ii?ii?iaiiy eiee oaiiiaee i?ioean aaea cia/ii oiia?eueieany
(?en. 4a, A), oi oaeaee?noue iie?ia?ecaoe?? ciiao ca?eueoo?oueny, ?
i?ioean ciiao aeayeee /an a?aeaoaa?oueny noaoe?iia?ii.

a)
a)

?en. 4. E?iaoe/i? e?ea? iie?ia?ecaoe?? IIA a AeIOA o i?enooiino?: a) 1%
2-aceaeienaioiio: i?e iaia?a?aiiio ii?ii?iaii? c?acea (1), i?e
i?eieiaii? ii?ii?iaiiy ia ii/aoeo i?ioeano (2); a) 1% 2-aceaeienaioiio
i?e i?eieiaii? A oa a?aeiiaeaii? ii?ii?iaiiy A (1); 1% aaici?io i?e
iaia?a?aiiio ii?ii?iaii? (2); 1% aaici?io i?e i?eieiaii? A oa
a?aeiiaeaii? ii?ii?iaiiy A (3);

Ia a?aei?io a?ae aceaeienaioii?a, o aeiaaeeo aeei?enoaiiy aaici?io ?
enaioiio i?ney aeieiaiiy OO-eaiie, oaiiiaiai i?ioeano iie?ia?ecaoe?? ca
iaoeo oiia ia niinoa??aa?oueny (?en. 4a, e?eaa 3).

Oaeei /eiii, iiaeia i?eionoeoe, ui o i?enooiino? aceaeienaioii?a
iie?ia?ecaoe?y i?e ina?oeaii? i?ioiaeeoue ca ci?oaiei iaoai?ciii, a i?e
i?eieiaii? ii?ii?iaiiy (?en.4) ?aaeeeaee ooai?ththoueny ca oaiiiaeie
?aaeoe?yie ? i?ioean iiaeiai i?aeei?yoeny caeiiii??iinoyi
oa?ii?i?oe?eiaaii? iie?ia?ecaoe??. Ca cia/aiiyie E( a oaiia?aoo?iiio
ae?aiacii? 22-42(N aoei aecia/aii aia?a?th aeoeaaoe?? i?ioeano
“oaiiiai?” iie?ia?ecaoe??. ?? cia/aiiy ((43 eAeae/iieue) a?eueoa i?ae
aeey oioi?i?oe?eiaaieo i?ioean?a, aea iaioa i?ae aeey
oa?ii?i?oe?eiaaiii? ?aaeeeaeueii? iie?ia?ecaoe??, ui i?aeoaa?aeaeo?
iaeii/ania i?ioiaeaeaiiy aeae?eueeio ?aaeoe?e. Iiaeia i?eionoeoe, ui i?e
ii?ii?iaii? ?aaeoe?eii? noi?o?, i?iaeoeoe aoi?eiieo ?aaeoe?e ?iceeaaeo
aceae?a ooai?ththoue, iai?eeeaae, ?aaeeeaeueiee eiiieaen c
ea?aii?eueieie a?oiaie iieaeoe ?ic/eiieea, iiiiia?a, aai i?ae niaith,
oaiiiaee ?iceeaae yeiai a /an? ? ? aeaea?aeii a?eueieo ?aaeeeae?a.

Aeey aeeeth/aiiy aieeao ?ic/eiieea aoei i?iaaaeaii iie?ia?ecaoe?th IIA
a ian?. Aeyaeeinue, ui a ?acoeueoao? i?ioiaeaeaiiy iie?ia?ecaoe?? IIA a
ian? (?en. 5.) niinoa??aa?oueny aeiaaio?eaaeee aoaeo “oaiiiai?”
iie?ia?ecaoe?? (i?ney iiia?aaeiueiai ii?ii?iaiiy c?aceo i?ioyaii
90 oaeeei), oa a ?acoeueoao? ooai?th?oueny IIIA (Oaae.1). sse aeaeii c
?enoieo, i?ney i?eieiaiiy ii?ii?iaiiy (1,5 aiae.) oaeiae nii/aoeo
niinoa??aa?oueny i?enei?aiiy i?ioeano iie?ia?ecaoe??. I?ney o?ueio
aiaeei niinoa?aaeaiue ca oiaeii i?ioeano oa?iinoao aoei aeieiooi ia 18
aiaeei (i?e oeueiio a aeeeaoiiao?? anoaiiaeeany e?iiaoia oaiia?aoo?a),
iio?i ciia aeeth/aii ia 3,6 aiaeeie (O=30iN), ciia aeieiooi ia 23,4
aiaeeie (O=20(N) oa ciiao aeeth/aii ia 6 aiaeei. Aanue oeae /an (52,5
aiaeeie) iie?ia?ecaoe?y a?aeaoaaeanue, aea c ??ciith oaeaee?noth. I?e
e?iiaoi?e oaiia?aoo?? aiia (Vi?.(2,0*10-7n-1) aeoaea iaea, a i?e 30iN
i?eaeecii ia ii?yaeie aeua. Oiaoi ?nio? oaiia?aoo?ia caeaaei?noue
?iceeaaeo «eiiieaeno».

?en.5. E?iaoe/i? e?ea? iie?ia?ecaoe?? IIA a ian? o i?enooiino? 1%
2-aceaeienaioiio: 1-iiiaio i?eieiaiiy ii?ii?iaiiy; i?ii?aeie 0-1 –
c?acie ii?ii?ith?oueny i?e 30(N (E(=1,8*10-5), i?ii?aeee 2-3
(E(=1,4*10-6) oa 4-5 (E(=1,2*10-6) – iie?ia?ecaoe?y o oai?ya? i?e
e?iiaoi?e oaiia?aoo?? (ianooaa ii in? aanoeen ciaioaii). I?ii?aeee 1-2
(E(=6,4*10-5 ), 3-4 E(=1,2*10-5) oa 5-6 (E(=0,7*10-5 ) – iie?ia?ecaoe?y
aac ii?ii?iaiiy i?e 30(N.

A aenia?eiaioao ?c a?iiaoe/ieie aceaeaie, ui ia i?noeee ea?aii?eueieo
a?oi (iai?eeeaae, aceaeiaaicie, i,i(-ae?aceaeiaeeoai?e) iie?ia?ecaoe?y
IIA a ?ic/ei? AeIOA a ia?aieo iaie oiiaao ia niinoa??aaeanue. Aeaye?
aceaee (iai?eeeaae, i,i(-ae?aceaeioaeeii ?i?oe?ththoue iie?ia?ecaoe?th
IIA, aea «oaiiiai?» iie?ia?ecaoe?? ia niinoa??aa?oueny.

NA?OEI*OOEEA? IAOA??AEE IA INIIA? ACEAe?A ENAIOIIO ? OEOI?AIO.

Iaie ?ic?iaeaii na?oei/ooeea? eiiiiceoe?? ia iniia? neioaciaaieo aceae?a
oa oei?iai?nieo iie?ia??a ? cai?iiiiiaaii aaceeoey?i? oioiiaoa??aee c
aeei?enoaiiyi oeeo eiiiiceoe?e. sse iie?ia?i? ca`ycoth/? aeei?enoiaoaaee
i?iieneia? oa oe?eani?yiiaaii neioaciaai? eiiie?ia?e a?i?eoei?eaeo,
a?i?e?aeaioei?eaeo, 2-oei?iaoeeiaoae?eeaoo oa 2-oei?aoeea?i?eiaiai
ao??o. Na?oei/ooeea?noue oeeo iaoa??ae?a neeaaea? 1,5-2,0*10-3 i2/Aeae ?
eiio?anoi?noue aei (=3,5, ui ia?aaeuo? aeinyaiooo a na??eieo
oioiiaoa??aeao AC-2 (?in?y) oa “OZAPHAN” (Hoechst, I?ia//eia) 1,0*10-3
i2/Aeae, (=2,5.

Oioia?ao?/i? oa?e ia iniia? aeine?aeaeoaaieo iaie aceae?a na?oei/ooeea?
a a?eueo aeiaaioaeeueia?e iaeano? i?ae oa?e ia iniia?
o?eaceaeii??ei?aeeio, iaea?eueo /ooeeai? niieoee, ui iae/ano?oa
canoiniaoaaeanue aeey oe??? iaoe ?ai?oa. I?e aenie?e na?oei/ooeeaino?
aiie oa?aeoa?ecothoueny i?aeaeuaiith oa?iinoaa?euei?noth.

Oaaeeoey 3.

Oioia?ao?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee aaceeoey?ieo iaoa??ae?a ia iniia?
aeine?aeaeoaaieo aceae?a .

Na?oei/ooeeaee oa?, ui i?noeoue Ai?no, % (max S, i2/Aeae*103 Dmax Dmin

2-aceaeienaioii 5 365 1,48 1,35 0,04

2-aceaeienaioii 2 365 0,85 1,24 0,03

3,6-ae?aceaeioeoi?ai 3 303 2,10 1,60 0,02

3-aceaeii??ei?aeei 5 260 1,7 1,44 0,01

AENIIAEE

Neioaciaaii ? ioa?aeoa?eciaaii i`youe iiaeo aceae?a, iio?aeieo oeoi?aio
? enaioiio. Aea/aii ?o aoaeiao o e?enoae?/iiio noai?, iiey?ieo ?
iaiiey?ieo ?ic/eiieeao, ?ic/eiao c ??ciei cia/aiiyi ?I oa iie?ia?ieo
iao?eoeyo. Anoaiiaeaii, ui 3,6-ae?aceaeioeoi?ai iacaeaaeii a?ae
na?aaeiaeua ia? caieiaio oeoi?aiiao aoaeiao; 3-aceaei-6-ai?iioeoi?ai oa
3-aceaei-6-ieneoeoi?ai a caeaaeiino? a?ae ?I oa iiey?iino? na?aaeiaeua
iiaeooue ?nioaaoe a aeaio oi?iao: oeoi?aiia?e (ia caaa?aeai?e) oa
a?aee?eo?e enaioaiia?e (caaa?aeai?e), yea ia? ?ioaineaio
oeoi?anoeaioe?th. Aceaeiiio?aei? oeoi?aio c ai?ii- oa ienea?oiaie
cai?iiiiiaaii aeey aeei?enoaiiy ye ethi?ianoeaioi? naini?e ia ?I oa
iiey?i?noue na?aaeiaeua.

Aeine?aeaeaii oioio?i?/i? aeanoeaino? neioaciaaieo aceae?a. Aecia/ai?
eaaioia? aeoiaee oioie?co aceae?a o ?ic/eiao ? iie?ia?ieo iao?eoeyo, ui
eaaeaoue o iaaeao 0.02-0.5. Aeine?aeaeaii niaeo?aeueii-ethi?ianoeaioi?
aeanoeaino? aceae?a ? i?iaeoeo?a ?o oioie?co. Cai?iiiiiaaii noaie
iiaeeeaiai ia?aa?ao oioio?i?/ieo ia?aoai?aiue aeine?aeaeoaaieo aceae?a.

Aeine?aeaeaii oioi?i?oe?eiaaio iie?ia?ecaoe?th iaoeeiaoae?eeaoo o
i?enooiino? aceae?a enaioiio ? oeoi?aio a ?ic/ei? ? ian?,
aeeeaoiiao?e/ii aea/aii e?iaoeeo i?ioeano, aecia/aii iieaeoey?i? iane
i?iaeoeo?a iie?ia?ecaoe??. Oaeaee?noue iie?ia?ecaoe?? o i?enooiino?
aeine?aeaeoaaieo aceae?a aeua i?ae i?e aeei?enoaii? iacai?uaiiai
enaioiio, aea ieae/a o ii??aiyii? c aaici?iii.

Aeyaeaii aeiaaio?eaaeee aoaeo “oaiiiai?” iie?ia?ecaoe?? IIA a ?ic/ei? oa
ian? o i?enooiino? aceae?a enaioiio ? oeoi?aio i?ney i?eieiaiiy
ii?ii?iaiiy c?ace?a. Neioaciaai? aceaee iiaeia aeei?enoiaoaaoe ye
oioi?i?oe?aoi?e ?aaeeeaeueii? iie?ia?ecaoe?? iaoeeiaoae?eeaoo, ui
aeathoue iie?ia? c aeineoue aenieei cia/aiiyi iieaeoey?ii? iane, aea
iaaenieei aeoiaeii, i?e/iio i?ioean iiaeia i?iaiaeeoe a oai?ya? i?ney
iiia?aaeiueiai ii?ii?iaiiy c?acea.

?ic?iaeaii eiiiiceoe?? ? iaea?aeaii c?acee oioia?ao?/ieo iaoa??ae?a aeey
aaceeoey?iiai caieno ?ioi?iaoe?? ca o/anoth aeine?aeaeoaaieo aceae?a ye
na?oei/ooeeaeo eiiiiiaio?a, ye? ca nai?th na?oei/ooeea?noth oa
eiio?anoi?noth e?au? ca iaoa??aee AC-2 oa AC-3 (?in?y), a oaeiae
oioiiaoa??aee oeio «OZAFAN» eiioea?io «Oueiono» (O?I), ui aeioneathoueny
na??eii. Aceaee enaioiio ? oeoi?aio iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? ye aaaioe
oioicoeaee aeey OIE.

IA?AE?E IOAE?EAOe?E CA OAIITH AeENA?OAOe??.

Iia?eiaa I.I, Eieaiaei I.TH., Ne?iiyoi?eia A.A., Aa?aiaiei E.O. Aceaee
enaioiio ye oioi?i?oe?aoi?e ?aaeeeaeueii? iie?ia?ecaoe??
iaoeeiaoae?eeaoo // Oe?. o?i. aeo?i. -1997.-?9.-N.65-68.

Iia?eiaa I.I., Aa?aiaiei E.O., Eenaiei I.N.. Ne?iiyoi?eia A.A.
Niaeo?aeuei? oa oioio?i?/i? aeanoeaino? aceae?a ia iniia? enaioiio //
Oe?.o?i.aeo?i. – 1998. – O.64. – ?4. – N. 123-129.

E.A.Novikova, L.F.Avramenko, T.F.Grigorenko, V.G.Syromyatnikov,
S.A.Neduzhy, A.Yu.Kolendo, N.S.Lysenko, L.A.Ol’hovik, T.Prot, K.Golec.
Heterocyclic azides in light-sensstive media for information recording
// Functional materials – Vol.5. – ?3. – P.384-386.

Iiaeeiaa A.A., Aa?aiaiei E.O., A?eai?aiei O.O., Eacieeiaa E.Ae., Oieeue
E.E., Neioac e enneaaeiaaiea no?iaiey iaeioi?uo aceaeia oeoi?aia //
AEI?O.- 1998.- O.34.- ?12.- N.1835-1840.

Nowikowa E, Syromiatnikow W., Kolendo A., Awramenko L, Jaszczuk W.,
Ogulczanski T., Grigorenko T., Prot T., Golec K., Brzozowski Z.,
Szymanska E Fotopolimeryzacja i modyfikacja polimerow za pomoca azydkow
organicznych // Prace Nauk. Inst. Techn. Organ. i Tworzyw Sztucznych
Politechniki Wroclawskiej. Modyfikacija polimerow, XIII Konf. nauk.-
1997. – T. 46. – S. – 79-80.

Iia?eiaa I.I., Aa?aiaiei E.O., A?eai?aiei O.O., ssuoe A.I.,
Ne?iiyoi?eia A.A., Iaoeue/ainueeee O.TH. Aoaeiaa, niaeo?aeuei? oa
oioio?i?/i? aeanoeaino? aceae?a ia iniia? enaioaio. // Oac. aeiiia. VII
Oe?a?inueei? eiio. c i?a. o?i??. – Oa?e?a. – 1995. – N. 426.

Iia?eiaa I.I., Aa?aiaiei E.O., Ne?iiyoi?eia A.A., Eieaiaei I.TH.,
Aaeicianueeee C. Aceaee enaioiio ye oioi?i?oe?aoi?e ?aaeeeaeueii?
iie?ia?ecaoe??. // VIII Oe?a?inueea eiio. c o?i?? aenieiiieaeoey?ieo
niieoe. – Ee?a. – 1996. – N. 12.

Iia?eiaa I.I, A?eai?aiei O.O, Aa?aiaiei E.O, Aaeicianueeee C.,
Ne?iiyoi?eia A.A., ssuoe A.I. Oioio?i?/ia ?i?oe?thaaiiy i?aai?/ieie
aceaeaie a iiiiia? iie?ia?ieo nenoaiao. // Oac. aeiiia. iaoe. eiio. ?c
i?iaeai oioio?i?? na?oei/ooeeaeo iiiiia?-ie?aiia?ieo ? iie?ia?ieo
nenoai.. – Euea?a. – 1994. – N.3.

Ne?iiyoi?eia A.A., Ai?iiia N.O., Iaaeoaeee N.I., Aa?aiaiei E.O.,
A?eai?aiei O.O., Caai?e A.A., Iia?eiaa I.I., Eaoeianueeee I.A. No/ania
nenoaia ?a?no?aoe?? ?ioi?iaoe??. // Oace aeiiia?aeae iaoe.-i?aeo. eiio.
”Iaoeii?noe? oaoiieia?? iiaea?eiiai i?ecia/aiiy”. – Ee?a. – 1994. – N.
158-159.

Syromyatnikov V.G., Yashchuk V.N., Ogul’chanski T.Yu., Novikova E.A.,
Avramenko L.F., Prot T. Photoinduced intramolecular electron and proton
transfer in aminoxanthone // IUPAC Symposium etpi’ 97. Cracow. «Electron
transfer processes and reactive intermediates in Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry» – 1997. – P. 10.

Yashchuk V.N., Syromiatnikov V.G, Ogul’chanski T.Yu, Novikova E.A.,
Piryatinsky Yu. P., Kolendo O.Yu. About nature of aminoxanthone
fluorescence // V-th International Conf. on Methods and Applications of
Fluorescence spectroscopy. – Berlin – Germany. – 1997. – P. 133.

Kolendo A., Novikova E, Syromiatnikov W., Awramenko L. Proces «ciemnej»
polimeryzacji metakrylanu methylu fotoinicjowany azydkami // XL zjazd
naukovy PTChem i SITPChem.-Gdansk.-1997.-S-12.-K-11.

Jaszczuk W., Kolendo A., Nowikowa E, Syromiatnikow W., Awramenko L,
Ogulczanski T., Grigorenko T. Natura i wlasciwosci spektralne kilku
produktow fotolizy azydku ksantona // XL Zjazd Naukowy PTChem i
SITPChem.-Gdansk. – S-17. – K-4.

Novikova E.A., Avramenko L.F., Grigorenko T.F, Syromyatnikov V.G.,
Neduzhy S.A., Kolendo A.Yu., Lysenko N.S., Ol’khovik L.A., Prot T.,
Golec K. Heterocyclic azides in light-sensitive media for information
recording // Europhysics Conf. Abstracts «Europhysics Conf. On
Electronic Processes in Organic Materials». – Kiev – 1998. – V.22B. –
P.136.

Ne?iiyoi?eia A.A., Aa?aiaiei E.O., ssuoe A.I., A?eai?aiei O.O., Eieaiaei
I.TH., Ianeaeue E.I., Ieueoiaee E.A., Eie?ni?/aiei O.I., Iia?eiaa I.I.,
Aacaeooia A.A., Eenaiei I.N., Ai?iiia N.I., Iaaeoaeee N.I., Oiiao I?io,
Eoeooio Aieaoe. Aceaeiai?ni? iie?ia?i? eiiiiceoe?? aeey caieno
?ioi?iaoe?? // Nai?iee o?oaeia Iaaeaeoia?iaeiie iao/ii-oaoie/aneie
eiioa?aioeee «Eiiiiceoeeiiiua iaoa?eaeu». – Eeaa. – 1998. – N. 97.

Volodymyr G. Syromiatnikov, Larisa F. Avramenko, Ella Bezdushnaya,
Tatjana F. Grigorenko and Elena A. Novikova Azydki sulfamidow
heteroaromatycznych jako fotoinicjatory polimeryzacji rodnikowej // XLI
Zjazd Naukowy PTChem i SITPChem.- Wroclaw, 1998. – M5WS4. – P.71.

Iia?eiaa I.I. Aceaee enaioiio ? oeoi?aio oa ?o oioi?i?oe?thth/a
caeaoi?noue – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa o?i?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 02.00.06 – o?i?y aenieiiieaeoey?ieo niieoe. –
Ee?anueeee oi?aa?neoao ?i. Oa?ana Oaa/aiea, Ee?a, 1999.

Aeena?oaoe?th i?enay/aii neioaco oa aeine?aeaeaiith aoaeiae,
oioio?i?/ieo ? niaeo?aeueii-ethi?ianoeaioieo aeanoeainoae iiaeo
i?aai?/ieo aceae?a, iio?aeieo enaioiio ? oeoi?aio c iaoith aeei?enoaiiy
?o a iaoa??aeao aeey caieno ?ioi?iaoe??. Aeine?aeaeaia oioi?i?oe?eiaaia
iie?ia?ecaoe?y iaoeeiaoae?eeaoo a i?enooiino? neioaciaaieo aceae?a a
?ic/ei? ? ian?, iaoiaeii aeeeaoiiao??? aea/aia e?iaoeea i?ioeano,
aecia/ai? iieaeoey?i? iane i?iaeoeo?a iie?ia?ecaoe??. Aeyaeaii aoaeo
“oaiiiai?” iie?ia?ecaoe?? i?ney i?eieiaiiy ii?ii?iaiiy. Aeine?aeaeai?
aceaee iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? ye oioiioaa?aeaeoaa/? a
oioiiie?ia?ecaoe?eieo eiiiiceoe?yo ia iniia? ie?aiao??ae?eeao?a, ye
oioi?i?oe?aoi?e ?aaeeeaeueii? iie?ia?ecaoe?? iaoeeiaoae?eeaoo, ui
aeathoue iie?ia? c aeineoue aenieei cia/aiiyi nooiaiy iie?ia?ecaoe??,
aea iaaenieei aeoiaeii, i?e/iio i?ioean iiaeia i?iaiaeeoe a oai?ya?
i?ney iiia?aaeiueiai ii?ii?iaiiy c?acea.

I?e canoinoaaii? neioaciaaieo aceae?a ye na?oei/ooeeaeo eiiiiiaio
aoee ?ic?iaeai? eiiiiceoe?? ? iaea?aeai? c?acee oioia?ao?/ieo iaoa??ae?a
aeey aaceeoey?iiai ? ethi?ianoeaioiiai i?ioean?a caieno ?ioi?iaoe??.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: o?aai?/i? aceaee, oioie?c, oioi?i?oe?aoi?e,
oioiiie?ia?ecaoe?y.

Iiaeeiaa A.A. Aceaeu enaioiia e oeoi?aia e eo oioieieoeee?othuay
niiniaiinoue – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa oeie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 02.00.06 – oeiey aunieiiieaeoey?iuo niaaeeiaiee.
Eeaaneee oieaa?neoao ei. Oa?ana Oaa/aiea, Eeaa, 1998.

Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia neioaco e enneaaeiaaieth no?iaiey,
oioioeie/aneeo e niaeo?aeueii-ethieianoeaioiuo naienoa iiauo
i?aaie/aneeo aceaeia, i?iecaiaeiuo enaioiia e oeoi?aia n oeaeueth
i?eiaiaiey eo a iaoa?eaeao aeey caiene eioi?iaoeee. Eco/aia
oioieieoeee?iaaiiay iieeia?ecaoeey iaoeeiaoae?eeaoa a i?enoonoaee
neioace?iaaiiuo aceaeia a ?anoai?a e ianna, aeeeaoiiao?e/aneei iaoiaeii
eco/aia eeiaoeea i?ioeana, ii?aaeaeaiu iieaeoey?iua iannu i?iaeoeoia
iieeia?ecaoeee. Onoaiiaeai yooaeo “oaiiiaie” iieeia?ecaoeee iinea
i?ae?auaiey iaeo/aiey, Iieo/aiiua aceaeu iiaoo auoue eniieueciaaiu eae
oioiioaa?aeeoaee a oioiiieeia?ecothueony eiiiiceoeeyo ia iniiaa
ieeaiyoe?ae?eeaoia, eae oioieieoeeaoi?u ?aaeeeaeueiie iieeia?ecaoeee
iaoeeiaoae?eeaoa, eioi?ua aeatho iieeia? n aeinoaoi/ii aunieeie
cia/aieyie noaiaie iieeia?ecaoeee, ii iaaunieei auoiaeii, i?e/ai
i?ioeann iiaeii i?iaiaeeoue a oaiiioa iinea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai iaeo/aiey
ia?acoea.

I?e eniieueciaaiee neioace?iaaiiuo aceaeia a ea/anoaa
naaoi/oanoaeoaeueiuo eiiiiiaio auee ?ac?aaioaiu eiiiiceoeee e iieo/aiu
ia?acoeu oioia?aoe/aneeo iaoa?eaeia aeey aaceeoey?iiai e
ethieianoeaioiiai i?ioeania caiene eioi?iaoeee.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: o?aaie/aneea aceaeu, oioieec, oioieieoeeaoi?u,
oioiiieeia?ecaoeey.

Novikova O.O. Azides of xanthone and fluorane and their photoinitiation
ability.

The manuscript thesis for scientific degree of Candidate of Chemical
Sciences on the speciality – 02.00.06 – Macromolecular Chemistry.-Kyiv
Tarasa Shevchenko University, Kyiv, 1999.

16 scientific works are defended, which decribe results of synthesis
and studies of new organic azides, derivatives of xanthone and fluorane,
their structure, photochemical and spectral-luminescent properties,
photoinitiation activity and applications in information recording
materials. The structure of fluorane azides was studied in solid state,
polar and nonpolar solutions, solutions with different pH and in
polymeric matrice. It was established, that azides of fluorane with
hydroxy- or aminogroups: 3-azido-6-hydroxy- IV and
3-azido-6-aminofluoranes V, similarly rhodamine dyes, can exist in two
forms: lactone or xanthene in dependence of conditions (polarity and pH
of solution), but 3,6-diazidofluorane has always lactone structure.
Transformation of azides IV, V to xanthene form occures with increasing
of solution polarity. Compound V exists mostly in xanthene form in
acidic solutions and compound IV – in basic ones.

The spectroscopic and photochemical properties (free-radical forming
reactions) of 2-azido- I and 2,7-diazidoxanthones II, and azides of
fluorane III-V in ethanol solutions and polymers were investigated by
UV- and IR-spectroscopy. As a result of photolysis III-V the mixture of
products is found to be obtained which absorb in more long-wave part of
spectrum than primary ones. Their quantity and nature depend on
wavelength of an irradiation and media. As a result of secondary
free-radical photochemical reactions in polymer and in ethanol the
coloured amine-type products similar to rhodamine dyes are found to be
produced and for a short time of irradiation imine-type products are
obtained. The production of amine-type compounds is observed to have
more high velocity and quantum yield in proton-donator media (ethanol,
VAM-copolymer) and in presence of more «soft» irradiation. In polymeric
films photolysis of azidogroup and secondary photochemical reactions
carry out more slowly than in solutions and with lower quantum yields.
The quantum yields of photodestruction of azidogroup in films are
0,03-0,4 and don’t depend on the polymeric matrice nature, and for
3-azido-6-aminofluorane proton-donator polymeric matrice catalyzes this
process. Fotolysis of azides I, II in polymers proceedes with quantum
yields 0,02 and 0,13 respectively and the formation of products mixture,
mostly aminoderivativs, was observed. The corresponding nitroderivatives
are basic components in ethanol solutions. Secondary processes and
oxidation are more rapid in solutions than in polymers.

By liquid chromatography and chromato-mass-spectroscopy methods the
composition of photolysate in ethanole, methanole, MMA and DMFA of I was
established. The results of these investigations confirmed the earlier
ones, obtained by spectroscopy. The unexpected phenomenon was the
formation of xanthone, which yield was considerable in DMFA. Products of
carbonyl group photoreduction weren’t found.

The photoinitiated polymerization of methyl methacrylate was studied in
the presence of synthesized azides, xanthone and benzoine in DMFA
solution and mass at 30 (N. Ohe process kinetics was studied by
dilatometry and molecular weights of polymerization products were
measured. It was established, that the polymerization with azides I-V
proceeds more rapidly than with xanthone, but more slowly than with
benzoine. With introduction of the second azidogroup in xanthone
molecule the increasing of polymerization speed is observed in
comparison with I. More high molecular products are formed during of
polymerization with xanthone azides than azides of fluorane, xanthone
and benzoine. Reaction order for initiator differs from 0,5 and is 0,3
(for I) and 0,8 (for II).

The “dark” polymerization effect was found after the end of
irradiation. Firstly the process is observed to be accelerated, but
lately its decelaration can be observed. When xanthone or benzoine were
initiators so phenomenon didn’t observe. The activation energy of
“dark” polymerization with 2-azidoxanthone in 22-42(C intervale is 40
kJ/mol. The durable effect of “dark” polymerization and considerable
temperature dependence were observed during the polymerization in mass.
The polymerization in experiments with aromatic azides without carbonyl
group (azidobenzene, p,p(-diazidodiphenyl), didn’t proceed in our
conditions.

The obtained azides can be used as photocrosslinking agents in
photopolymerized compositions based on oligoesteracrylates. By using of
synthesized azides as light-sensitive compounds the compositions were
developed and photographic materials were obtained for vesicular and
luminescent processes of an information recording. Light sensitivity of
vesicular materials, based on azides I, III is 1,5-2,0*10-3 m2/J and
Gamma value up to (=3,5, what exceeds values accomplished for industrial
photomaterials «VZ-2» (Russia) and «OZAPHAN» (Hoechst, Germany) 1,0*10-3
m2/J, (=2,5.

Key words: organic azides, photolysis, photoinitiators,
photopolymerization.

I?aeienaii aei ae?oeo 17.05.1999 ?. Oi?iao 60o90/18. Iai?? aeey ion.
ae?oeo.

Ae?oe ion. oi. ae?oe. a?e. 1,2. Oe?aae 100 i?ei. Cai. 143.

Aeaeaaieoeoai «I?ana Oe?a?ie».

PAGE

PAGE 7

III-V

I, II

O

O

2

R

1

R

O

O

1

R

2

R

O

AeIOA 42%,IIA1,5%

aoaiie 6%, iaoaiie 14%

aoaiie 28%,iaoaiie 0%

AeIOA 29%,IIA12%

AeIOA 1,5%,IIA12%

aoaiie 22%,iaoaiie34%

AeIOA 18%,IIA 2%

aoaiie 11%,iaoaiie2%

O

O

3

N

O

O

2

O

N

O

O

2

H

N

O

O

.

.

N

O

O

n

h

3

N

O

O

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