1
IAOe?IIAEUeIA AEAAeAI?ss IAOE OE?A?IE
Oeaio?aeueiee aioai?/iee naae ?i. I.I.A?eoea
ss?ineaanueea AEaiia Ieeiea?aia
OAeE 635. 9: 582. 59.
A?IEIA?*I? INIAEEAINO? AeAssEEO AEAe?A O?II?*IEO
I?O?AeIEO ??CII? II?OINO?OEOO?E
03.00.05 – aioai?ea
AAOI?AOA?AO
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa a?ieia?/ieo iaoe
Ee?a, 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien
?iaioa aeeiiaia o a?aeae?e? o?ii?/ieo ? noao?ii?/ieo ?ineei
Oeaio?aeueiiai aioai?/iiai naaeo ?i. I.I. A?eoea Iaoe?iiaeueii?
Aeaaeai?? Iaoe Oe?a?ie.
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? a?ieia?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, /e – ei?. IAI
Oe?a?ie *a?aa/aiei Oaoyia Ieoaee?aia, Oeaio?aeueiee aioai?/iee naae ?i.
I. I. A?eoea IAI Oe?a?ie, aee?aeoi?
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? a?ieia?/ieo iaoe, noa?oee iaoeiaee
ni?a?ia?oiee Niaei Aieiaeeie? Aaa?eeiae/, Oeaio?aeueiee aioai?/iee naae
?i I. I. A?eoea IAI Oe?a?ie, aieiaiee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee
eaiaeeaeao a?ieia?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, A?aeii Ieaenaiae? Aieiaeeie?iae/,
Ee?anueeee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea, i?ioani? eaoaae?e
o?c?ieia?? ?ineei
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa Aeiiaoeueeee aioai?/iee naae IAI Oe?a?ie
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “5“ eenoiiaaea 1999 ?. i 10 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E 26.215.01 Oeaio?aeueiiai aioai?/iiai
naaeo ?i. I.I.A?eoea IAI Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith:
252014, Ee?a, aoe. O?i??yc?anueea, 1
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? OeAN IAI Oe?a?ie
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “4 “aeiaoiy 1999?.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ioce/oe A. .I.
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie: ?iaeeia i?o?aeieo (Orchidaceae Juss) iae?/o?
aeecueei 800 ?iae?a ? 35 oen. aeae?a ?ineei, ye? noaiiaeyoue cia/iee
?ioa?an ye aeey oai?aoe/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue, oae ? aeey i?aeoe/iiai
aeei?enoaiiy. Nai???aeia a?ieia?y, aeniea aeaei?aoeai?noue nooea?oue,
??ciiiai?oi?noue eieuei??a oa iacae/aei?noue oi?i ea?o?a, a oaeiae
o?eaaeee ia??iae oea?o?iiy o?ii?/ieo aeae?a i?o?aeieo iaoiiaeee ?o
oe?iea eoeueoeaoaaiiy a aaaaoueio e?a?iao na?oo.
Iaea?eueo ia?niaeoeaieie eoeueoo?aie aeey ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a i?iieneiaa
ea?oieea?noai ? i?aaenoaaieee ?iae?a Phalaenopsis Bl., Dendrobium Sw.,
Laelia Lindl., Vanda Jones., Cattleya Lindl. oa ?i. I?o?aei?, a
ii??aiyii? c a?eueo?noth o?aaeeoe?eieo eoeueoo? cae?eoiai a?oioo,
iathoue cia/i? ia?aaaae: oea?oooue a in?ii?-ceiiaee ia??iae, ia
iio?aaothoue a oeae /an aeiaeaoeiaiai ina?oeaiiy ? aeniei? oaiia?aoo?e.
O oaia??oi?e /an, oe?iea ai?iaaaeaeaiiy oeeo ?ineei a ea?oieea?nuee?
ainiiaea?noaa Oe?a?ie no?eio?oueny /a?ac a?aenooi?noue iiaii?
?ioi?iaoe?? i?i iniaeeaino? ?o ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo a oiiaao cae?eoiai
a?oioo iii??ieo oe?io. A ca’yceo c oeei aeieea? iaiao?aei?noue
aeine?aeeoe aeieia?/i?, aiaoii?/i? oa o?c?ieia?/i? iniaeeaino? i?o?aeieo
??cii? ii?oieia?/ii? aoaeiae, ui aeicaieeoue i?aeaeueoe i?iaeoeoeai?noue
oea?o?iiy oa oaeineiiaeeoe oaoiieia?th ?o eoeueoeaoaaiiy.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. ?iaioa aeeiiaia
o a?aeae?e? o?ii?/ieo oa noao?ii?/ieo ?ineei OeAN IAI Oe?a?ie o
a?aeiia?aeiino? c iai?yieii iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o Aioai?/iiai naaeo,
cie?aia c oaiith: “Iniaeeaino? ii?oiaaiaco o?ii?/ieo ? noao?ii?/ieo
?ineei a oiiaao ?io?iaeoeoe?? (? aea?aeaaii? ?a?no?aoe?? 0197 U 001265)
Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy.
Iaoith ?iaioe aoei i?iaaaeaiiy ii??aiyeueiiai aiae?co aiaoii?/ieo ?
o?c?ieiai-a?io?i?/ieo iniaeeainoae 10 aeae?a o?ii?/ieo i?o?aeieo ??cieo
aeia?ioei?a ? ii?oino?oeoo?e. Aeey aeinyaiaiiy iinoaaeaii? iaoe
iaiao?aeii aoei ae??oeoe oae? caaaeaiiy:
– i?iaanoe aeieiai-aaia?ao?/iee aiae?c i?noeue i?e?iaeiiai c?inoaiiy
Phalaenopsis amabilis Bl., Laelia anceps Lindl., Stenorrhynchus
speciosus L?idl., Angraecum eburneum Bory, Paphiopedilum insigne
(Lindl.)Pfitz., Dendrobium crumenatum (Rumph.)Sw., Doritis pulcherrima
Lindl., Vanda watsoni Rolfe, Thunia marshalliana Rchb.f., Cattleya
bowringiana O’Brien. Aeine?aeeoe aaeaeaaoi?noue ?o ii?oieia?/ii?
no?oeoo?e a oiiaao cae?eoiai a?oioo iii??ieo oe?io;
– aecia/eoe a?ieia?/i? ?eoie ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo aeine?aeieo aeae?a
i?o?aeieo;
– aeyaeoe iniaeeaino? aiaoii?/ii? aoaeiae eenoeiai? ieanoeiee. I?iaanoe
ii??aiyeueii-aiaoii?/iee aiae?c oa aecia/eoe e?euee?ni? ia?aiao?e
aoaeiae ee?oei ai?aea?iaeueii? oeaieie eenoea ?ineei;
– aea/eoe iniaeeaino? oioineioaoe/iiai aia?aoo ai?o?o?a oa iacaiieo
aeae?a;
– ?ic?iaeoe oaoiieia?/iee ?aaeaiaio ii aeiaeyaeo ca aeine?aeieie aeaeaie
i?o?aeieo a oiiaao cae?eoiai a?oioo iii??ieo oe?io.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Aia?oa aeine?aeaeaii
a?ieia?/i? ?eoie 10 aeae?a o?ii?/ieo i?o?aeieo ??cii? ii?oino?oeoo?e ?
aeia?ioei?a a oiiaao cae?eoiai a?oioo iii??ii? ciie. Aea/aii aiaoii?/i?
iniaeeaino? aoaeiae eenoeiai? ieanoeiee aeine?aeieo aeae?a. I?iaaaeaiee
aiae?c e?euee?nii-aiaoii?/ii? no?oeoo?e eenoe?a i?o?aeieo (?ici??e
ai?aea?iaeueieo ee?oei ? i?iaeeo?a, ?o e?euee?noue ia iaeeieoeth ieiu?
eenoea, oiaueia eooeeoee oa ?i.) aeicaieea aecia/eoe iioeiaeuei? oiiae
eoeueoeaoaaiiy ??cieo aeae?a c o?aooaaiiyi aeieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae
eiaeiiai ?c ieo. Iaaaaeaii i?ea?iaeuei? aeai?, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue
i?aiaioiee eiiieaen aeine?aeieo i?o?aeieo. Aeyaeaii iiceoeaio
ei?aeyoe?th i?ae e?euee?noth oei?iieano?a ? /eneii ee?oei ia iaeeieoeth
ieiu? eenoea. Aia?oa anoaiiaeaii, ui iacaii? aeaee c N3-oioineioacii
a?aecia/athoueny cia/ii aeuith eiioeaio?aoe??th oei?io?eo “a” ?
?ioaineaiei i?e?inoii a?iiane.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Ia iniia? aea/aiiy
a?ieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae aeanyoe aeae?a i?o?aeieo ??cii? ii?oino?oeoo?e
? a?iaeioeio ?ic?iaeaii ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii aeiaeyaeo ca ai?o?oieie oa
iacaiieie aeaeaie a oiiaao cae?eoiai a?oioo. Aecia/ai? ii?ie iieeao oa
oaiia?aoo?iee ?aaeei. A?aei?aoeueiaaia nenoaia i?ia?aeueiiai aeeaeaiiy
?ineei c o?aooaaiiyi ?o a?ieia?? oa i?e?iee?iaoo oaieeoeue. Io?eiai?
?acoeueoaoe aeicaieeee aeae?eeoe iaea?eueo ia?niaeoeai? aeaee aeey
iiaeaeueoiai ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a ea?oieea?nuee? ainiiaea?noaa Oe?a?ie.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. ?iaioa ? naiino?eiei aeine?aeaeaiiyi
caeiaoaa/a, yeei i?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy ?eoi?a ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo 10
aeae?a o?ii?/ieo i?o?aeieo ??cii? ii?oino?oeoo?e ? aeia?ioei?a.
Aecia/ai? aiaoii?/i? iniaeeaino? aoaeiae eenoeiai? ieanoeiee (i?iaaaeaii
ii??aiyeueii-aiaoii?/iee aiae?c oa aecia/ai? e?euee?ni? ia?aiao?e
aoaeiae ee?oei ai?aea?iaeueii? oeaieie eenoea). Aea/ai? iniaeeaino?
oioineioaoe/iiai aia?aoo o aeine?aeieo aeae?a i?o?aeieo. Io?eiai?
aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeai? ii?aoeueiaai? noaoenoe/ii. I?iaaaeaii
iiaeeaeaiee aiae?c e?oa?aoo?e.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe aoee
i?aaenoaaeai?, aeiiia?aeaeenue oa iaaiai?thaaeenue ia can?aeaiiyo
a?aeae?eo o?ii?/ieo oa noao?ii?/ieo ?ineei OeAN ?i. I.I.A?eoea IAI
Oe?a?ie, can?aeaii? naeoe?? aenia?eiaioaeueii? aioai?ee OAO,
eiioa?aioe?? iieiaeeo a/aieo “I?iaeaie no/anii? aioai?/ii? iaoee”
(Iaeana,1997), O c’?cae? Oe?a?inueeiai aioai?/iiai oiaa?enoaa (Iieoaaa,
1997), 10 i?aeia?iaei?e iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? “Aea/aiiy iioiaaiaco
?ineei i?e?iaeieo oa eoeueoo?ieo oei? o aioai?/ieo caeeaaeao ?a?ac??”
(Oiaiue, 1998), i?aeia?iaei?e eiioa?aioe?? “Iioiaaiac ?ineei a
i?e?iaeiueiio oa o?ainoi?iiaaiiio na?aaeiaeu?” (Euea?a,1998),
i?aeia?iaei?e iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? “Io?aia e eoeueoeae?iaaiea i?oeaeae”
(Ee?a,1999).
Ioae?eaoe??. Ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 7 iaoeiaeo
i?aoeue: 3 noaoo? (“?io?iaeoeoe?y oa aee?iaoecaoe?y eoeueoo?ieo ?ineei”,
“A?niee Ee?anueeiai Oi?aa?neoaoo. Na??y A?ieia?y”, “Aeieia?y oa
o?oioeaiieia?y” oa 4 oac.
No?oeoo?a oa ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa neeaaea?oueny c anooio,
iaeyaeo e?oa?aaoo?e, aenia?eiaioaeueii? /anoeie, aeniiae?a, nieneo
aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae (158 iaeiaioaaiue c ieo 72 ?iicaiieo). Aeeeaaeaia
ia 130 noi??ieao iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, ia? 18 ?enoie?a, 11 oaaeeoeue oa
13 oioia?ao?e.
?ICAe?E 1. Iaeyae e?oa?aoo?e. A?i ia? o?e i?ae?icae?ee, a yeeo
a?aeia?aaeai? ieoaiiy aeieia??, ii?oieia?? oa aiaoii?? o?ii?/ieo aeae?a
i?o?aeieo.
?ICAe?E 2. Iaoa??aee ? iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiue.
Aenia?eiaioaeueia ?iaioa aeeiioaaeanue o a?aeae?e? o?ii?/ieo ?
noao?ii?/ieo ?ineei Oeaio?aeueiiai aioai?/iiai naaeo ?i. I.I. A?eoea IAI
Oe?a?ie. O i?ioean? aeeiiaiiy ?iaioe aoee i?iaaaeai? eaai?aoi?i? ?
aaaaoaoe?ei? aenia?eiaioe, a oaeiae aeine?aeaeaiiy c aeei?enoaiiyi
eiii’thoa?ieo nenoai iaea?aeaiiy, ia?iaee ? iaeiie/aiiy ?ioi?iaoe??.
Ia’?eoaie aeine?aeaeaiue aoei ia?aii 10 aeae?a ?iaeeie Orchidaceae:
Phalaenopsis amabilis Bl., Laelia anceps Lindl., Stenorrhynchus
speciosus L?idl., Angraecum eburneum Bory, Paphiopedilum insigne
(Lindl.)Pfitz., Dendrobium crumenatum (Rumph.)Sw., Doritis pulcherrima
Lindl., Vanda watsoni Rolfe, Thunia marshalliana Rchb.f., Cattleya
bowringiana O’Brien.
Aea?? ia’?eo?a aeine?aeaeaiue aoa iaoiiaeaiee ianaiia?aae ?o
iaeaaei?noth aei ??cieo aeioei?a, ui aecia/a? oi?ioaaiiy ??cii?
ii?oino?oeoo?e o o?eiaaiac?. Na?aae aeae?a ui aea/aee, i?aaenoaaeai?
ai?o?oe (Phalaenopsis amabilis, Dendrobium crumenatum, Doritis
pulcherrima, Vanda watsoni, Cattleya bowringiana), iacaii?
(Stenorrynchus speciosus, Paphiopedilum insigne, Thynia marshalliana) oa
aeaee ci?oaiiai oeio (Angraecum eburneum, Laelia anceps), ?c
iiiiiiae?aeueiei (Phalaenopsis amabilis, Angraecum eburneum, Vanda
watsoni, Doritis pulcherrima) ? neiiiae?aeueiei (aee-, iiiioaceaeueiei)
oeiii (Laelia anceps, Stenorrhynchus speciosus, Paphiopedilum insigne,
Dendrobium crumenatum, Cattleya bowringiana, Thunia marshalliana)
aaeoaeaiiy iaaiiiai? nenoaie. Ie??i oiai, aeine?aeaeoaai? ?ineeie
oa?aeoa?ecothoueny ??cieie oi?iaie ?inoo: ?icaoeia? (Phalaenopsis
amabilis, Stenorrhynchus speciosus, Angraecum eburneum), ei?aiaaeui?
?icaoeiiini? ?ineeie (Paphiopedilum insigne), ei?aiaaeui? ?ineeie c
aeaiia iioiauaieie i?aeaoceyie, aocee i?ae yeeie caeeaeai? (Laelia
anceps), ei?aiaaeui? ?ineeie c iaaiiaie, i?aeaocey yeeo ??ciiaaeee?
(Dendrobium crumenatum)
?ineeie ae?iuoaaee a oiiaao ianeaiiai (o oaieeoe?) ? aeoeaiiai (o
ee?iaoe/i?e eaia??) aenia?eiaioo i?e oaiia?aoo?iiio ?aaeei? a iaaeao
22-28N ? a?aeiini?e aieiaino? iia?o?y 65-90%. Aieia?noue a?oioiaeo
noano?ao?a i?aeo?eioaaee ia ??ai? 30-75% a?ae iiaii? aieiai?ieino?.
Ina?oeaiiy – i?e?iaei?. Na?oeiaee ?aaeei a i?aiaea?ayo ?c eenoiiaaea ii
n?/aiue -1,6 eee, o ethoiio – ea?oi? – 2,4-4,0, o o?aai?-na?ii? –
7,4-7,6, o aa?ani?-aeiaoi? – 5,0-2,7 eee. C ea?oiy ii aeiaoaiue
i?iaiaeeee i?eo?iaiiy i?aiaea?ae ia 40-50%.
I?e aeiaeyae? ca ?ineeiaie canoiniaoaaee caaaeueiii?eeiyo? iaoiaeeee
(Aanaea?oa?, 1898; AEiaie?aa, Iiaeaeoaia-A?iieueae?, *a?aa/aiei, 1981;
*a?aa/aiei, Eooi??, 1985).
Aecia/aiiy ii?oieia?? iaaiiiaeo nenoai i?o?aeieo i?iaiaeeee ca?aeii
iaoiaeeee I.N. Nie?iiai? (1990).
Aecia/aiiy a?ieia?/ieo ?eoi?a a oiiaao i?aiaea?ae OeAN IAI Oe?a?ie
cae?enithaaee ca iaoiaeeeith ?.A.ssaei (1983).
Aeey aiaoii?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue canoiniaoaaee na?oeiao i?e?ineii?th
(i?e?ineii IAA-1A). I?e aea/aii? ai?aea?iaeueii? iiaa?oi? iaoa??ae a?aee
c na?aaeeiieo c??c?a eenoea, ieiueiith 1o2ii ia 1ii a?ae e?ath eenoeiai?
ieanoeiee (Eaene, 1976; Aaneeaaneay, Aooiee, 1981; Caoa?aae/, 1985).
Aaciiai?i ?c aa?oiuei? ? ieaeiuei? iiaa?oi? eenoeiai? ieanoeiee
aecia/aee ca aeiiiiiaith aaciaiae?caoi?a “Aeiieaio-10”. Noai?aiee o
eaai?aoi??? aeieia?/ii? aaiaoeee AI Iieaeiae aaoiiaoeciaaiee
?ioi?iaoe?eii-aei??thaaiee eiiieaen ? ia?oei aeine?aeii ye?nii iiaiai
i?aeoiaeo aei aeieiai-aaiaoe/iiai aeine?aeaeaiiy a?inenoaie . Aei neeaaeo eiiieaeno aoiaeyoue o?oio?ii, AII,
nenoaie ia?aeiieo ia?aoai?thaa/?a ia?aiao??a ?ineeie ? na?aaeiaeua
(aeao/eee) ? aeaeo?iiia niieo/ia iaeaaeiaiiy. Aaaaoieaiaeueia nenoaia
aeicaiey? ?icoaoiaoaaoe aeao/eee a aoaeue-yeiio i?noe? ?ineeie ?
ee?iaoe/ii? eaia?e. Nenoaia caaacia/o? iaeii/aniee aaoiiaoe/iee aei?? 24
ia?aiao??a ?ineei ? na?aaeiaeua a iaei?e ee?iaoe/i?e eaia??. ?noioiith
ia?aaaaith nenoaie ? iayai?noue i?ia?aiiiai caaacia/aiiy aeey cai?o oa
ia?iaee ?ioi?iaoe?? (Eeociai, 1981).
Ai?no oioineioaoe/ieo i?aiaio?a aecia/aee niaeo?ioioiiao?e/iei iaoiaeii
c aeei?enoaiiyi niaeo?ioioiiao?a NO-21 ca iaoiaeeeith Ii/eiea (1982).
Aei??e cae?enithaaee i?e aeiaaeei? oaee? 440 (ea?ioeii?aee), 664 ? 662
ii (oei?io?ee). Aeno?aeoe?th i?iaiaeeee 90%-iei aoeaoiiii. Ai?no
oioineioaoe/ieo i?aiaio?a ae?aaeaee a i?e?a?aiao ia 100a ne?i? ?a/iaeie.
Ia?iaeo aeaieo cae?enithaaee iaoiaeaie iaoaiaoe/ii? noaoenoeee c
aeei?enoaiiyi nenoaie ?aeaioeo?eaoe??. Na?aaeth a?eoiaoe/io ? iioeaeo
aei??thaaiue aecia/aee ia i?aenoaa? 4-?aciai? iiaoi?iino? c
a??ia?aei?noth 0,95.
?ICAe?E 3. A?ieia?/i? iniaeeaino? aeine?aeieo aeae?a i?o?aeieo
3.1. Aioai?/ia oa?aeoa?enoeea.
O ?icae?e? ia i?aenoaa? iaeyaeo e?oa?aoo?e oa aeanieo niinoa?aaeaiue
iaaaaeaii aioai?/io oa?aeoa?enoeeo 10 aeae?a ?iaeeie Orchidaceae Juss.
3.2. A?ieia?/i? ?eoie ?inoo.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy oiia i?e?iaeiiai i?noeac?inoaiiy aeicaieeei aeae?eeoe
e?eoa??? ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, aeio?eioth/enue yeeo iiaeia cia/ii
i?aeaeueoe i?iaeoeoeai?noue oea?o?iiy i?o?aeieo a oiiaao cae?eoiai
a?oioo. I???ioe?ii i?e ?ic?iaoe? ieoaiue a?ioaoiieia?? ? iniaeeaino?
?eoi?a ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo i?o?aeieo, a iieacieeii ia??iaeo niieith –
i?eieiaiiy ?inoo ei?ai?a, iaaii?a, eenoe?a, oi?ioaaiiy ooaa?eae??a.
I?iaaaeaiee iaoaiaoe/iee ?ic?aooiie ooieoe?? ?inoo, a iniiao
yeiai aoa iieeaaeaiee iieaciee a?aeiiniiai i?e?inoo, iieacaa, ui aeey
?ineei Phalaenopsis amabilis, Angraecum eburneum, Stenorrhynchus
speciosus, Paphiopedilum insigne oa?aeoa?iith iciaeith ? a?aenooi?noue
/?oei ae?aaeaiiai ia??iaeo niieith ? niinoa??aathoueny eeoa iacia/i?
ci?ie a ?ioaineaiino? ?inoiaeo i?ioean?a o ?ineei. O Laelia anceps
?ioaineaiee ??no ii/eia?oueny c e?ioey o?aaiy ? i?iaeiaaeo?oueny aei
na?aaeeie eeiiy. Aeey Cattleya bowringiana aeoeaiee ia??iae ?inoo c
ea?oaiy ii aa?anaiue, a ia??iae niieith i?eiaaea? ia na?aaeeio a?oaeiy –
e?iaoeue n?/iy. ?ineeie Vanda watsoni oa?aeoa?ecothoueny caanaiiyi
?inoiaeo i?ioean?a ai?iaeiaae a?oaeiy ii ea?oaiue niinoa??aa?oueny, a
?ioaineaiee ??no i?eiaaea? ia ea?oaiue – /a?aaiue. O Dendrobium
crumenatum ia??iae niieith ianoa? a /a?ai? – a?oaei?. Oiia?eueiaiiy
?inoiaeo i?ioean?a o Doritis pulcherrima niinoa??aa?oueny ia i?ioyc?
aeaio ia??iae?a: c eeiiy ii aa?anaiue ? c n?/iy ii ethoee. Thunia
marshalliana – ?ineeia c aeia?a ae?aaeaiei ia??iaeii niieith (e?iaoeue
/a?aiy-ii/aoie eeiiy). Ii??aithth/e a?ao?/i? e?ea?, a yeeo a?aeia?aaeai?
a?ieia?/i? ?eoie ?inoo aeine?aeieo i?o?aeae, ie iiaeaii aeae?eeoe aeaee
c iaea?eueo ?ioaineaiei i?e?inoii a?iiane: na?aae neiiiae?aeueieo aeae?a
oea Paphiopedilum insigne, Cattleya bowringiana, Stenorrhynchus
speciosus, na?aae iiiiiiae?aeueieo – Angraecum eburneum, Vanda watsoni,
Phalaenopsis amabilis.
E??i oiai, io?eiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeathoue iiaeeea?noue anoaiiaeoe
ia??iaee/i?noue i?iaaaeaiiy i?ia?aeueiiai i?aeaeeaeaiiy ?ineei.
?ICAe?E 4. Ii??aiyeueii-aiaoii?/i? iniaeeaino? aoaeiae eenoeiai?
ieanoeiee.
??ci? aeieia?/i? oa aaeao?/i? oiiae i?noeac?inoaiiy o?ii?/ieo aeae?a
i?o?aeieo iaoiiaeee ia o?eueee ??ciiiai?oio ii?oino?oeoo?o ?ineei ? ?o
a?ieia?/i? ?eoie, aea e cia/i? aiaoii?/i? a?aei?iiino?.
I?iaaaeai? ii??aiyeueii-aiaoii?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacaee, ui oiie?
neeaae/ano? eenoee iathoue oiieo eooeeoeo, o aei?noeieenoieo i?o?aeae
eooeeoey?iee oa? oiauee
I?e aecia/aii? ?ici???a ai?aea?iaeueieo ee?oei iaie anoaiiaeaii, ui
iaea?eueo? ee?oeie o Paphiopedilum insigne, iaeiaio? – o Vanda watsoni
(oaae.4.1). Oiaueia no?iie ai?aea?iaeueieo ee?oei ei?aeth? c oiaueiith
eenoeiai? ieanoeiee. I?o?aea? c oiieeie neeaae/anoeie eenoeaie
(Stenorrhynchus speciosus) iathoue oiieino?iiee ai?aea?i?n, oiae? ye o
?ineei c aei?noeeie, oaa?aeeie aai i’ynenoeie eenoeaie (Angraecum
eburneum, Phalaenopsis amab.) no?iee ai?aea?iaeueieo ee?oei aeoaea
oiano?.
Oaaeeoey 4.1.
E?euee?nii-aiaoii?/ia oa?aeoa?enoeea ai?aea?iaeueii? iiaa?oi? eenoea
i?o?aeieo
AEAeAI?AeA?IAoiaueia eooeeoee, iei?ici??e ai?aea?iaeueieo ee?oei,
ieiaa?oiyieaeiyaa?oiyieaeiyCattleya
bowringiana7,431±0,0234,432±0,03316,125±0,067x
19,043±0,07115,132±0,020x
21,216±0,022Dendrobium crumenatum5,234±0,0253,159±0,08715,231±0,087x
19,235±0,04519,344±0,057x
20,321±0,062Doritis
pulcherrima4,348±0,0332,456±0,06711,044±0,062x
47,121±0,04125,418±0,075x
33,460±0,081Phalaenopsis amabilis6,237±0,0153,241±0,03332,222±0,065x
40,436±0,03234,082±0,068x
46,121±0,077Vanda
watsoni10,183±0,09910,012±0,0344,098±0,087o
17,098±0,0655,434±0,060x
19,222±0,053Paphiopadilum insigne6,413±0,0703,473±0,03058,044±0,065x
90,220±0,07364,137±0,071x
95,242±0,083Stenorrhynchus speciosus3,476±0,0372,175±0,06427,435±0,054x
44,346±0,05525,489±0,050x
42,339±0,052Thunia marshalliana2,329±0,0542,056±0,02010,074±0,031o
26,132±0,0458,087±0,043x
20,143±0,048Angraecum eburneum5,412±0,0324,231±0,04113,239±0,077x
29,321±0,06112,341±0,065×26,331±0,059Laelia
Anceps4,167±0,0582,034±0,03824,083±0,085x
26,093±0,07620,099±0,079×23,089±0,075Anoaiiaeaii, ui i?iaeeoe iiaeooue
aooe caio?ai? ia ??cio aeeaeio a?aeiinii ai?aea?iaeueiiai oa?o
(Angraecum eburneum), ciaoiaeeoenue ia iaeiiio ??ai? c ai?aea?iaeueiith
iiaa?oiath (Paphiopedilum insigne) aai aenooiaoe iaae iath (Doritis
pulcherrima). Caio?ai? i?iaeeoe, aai ?icaeioo? iaae ieie eooeeoey?i?
a?aa?ioe? oa?aeoa?i? aeey i?o?aeae iinooeeaeo i?noeac?inoaiue. O Thunia
marshalliana ooai?ththoueny “iiaea?ei? i?iaeeoe”, ca aeiiiiiaith yeeo
cia/ii iineeth?oueny aaciiai?i (?en. 4.1.).
?en. 4.1. Iniaeeaino? aiaoii?/ii? aoaeiae eenoeiai? ieanoeiee Thunia
marshalliana: 1-aa?oiy ai?aea?ia, 2 – i?iaeeoiaee aiia?ao, 3 – ieaeiy
ai?aea?ia
A?eueo?noue aeae?a ?iaeeie Orchidaceae iathoue ia?aoeeoiee oei
i?iaeeoiaiai aia?aoo, aiaiioeeoiee oei oa?aeoa?iee eeoa aeey
Paphiopedilum insigne (Dressler, 1981).
Iaie anoaiiaeaii, ui o ?ineei c neiiiae?aeueiei oeiii aaeoaeaiiy
iaaiiiai? nenoaie (Cattleya bowringiana, Dendrobium crumenatum,
Paphiopedilum insigne, Stenorrinchus speciosus, Angraecum eburneum)
i?iaeeoiaee aiia?ao ?ici?uo?oueny eeoa c ieaeiueiai aieo eenoeiai?
ieanoeiee (oaae. 4.2.).
Oaaeeoey 4.2.
E?euee?nii-aiaoii?/ia oa?aeoa?enoeea i?iaeeoiaiai aia?ioo eenoea
i?o?aeieo
AEAeAI?AeA?IAE?euee?noue i?iaeeo?a,
1 ii2?ici??e i?iaeeo?a, ieii?iaeeoiaa u?eeiacaieeath/a
ee?oeiaaa?oiyieaeiyaa?oiyieaeiyaa?oiyieaeiyCattleya
bowriringiana08305,125±0,034x
5,214±0,03004,222±0,060x
14,326±0,071Dendrobium crumenatum02205,268±0,071x
8,197±0,08404,437±0,030x
13,349±0,041Doritis
pulcherrima1386,432±0,068x
6,421±0,0736,440±0,056x
6,346±0,0495,229±0,042x
16,431±0,0305,128±0,065x
16,351±0,059Phalaenopsis amabilis4105,267±0,044x
7,255±0,0507,085±0,041x
10,046±0,0446,346±0,035x
16,082±0,0558,093±0,024x
20,111±0,017Vanda
watsoni264,081±0,020x
6,079±0,0254,451±0,062x
6,357±0,0616,097±0,061x
12,123±0,0606,430±0,068x
12,238±0,055Paphiopedilum insigne03609,338±0,020x
12,236±0,03105,418±0,071x
24,402±0,068Stenorrhynchus speciosus08404,440±0,037x
11,376±0,04104,261±0,073x
17,419±0,055Thunia marshalliana018005,412±0,025x
7,231±0,01807,098±0,083x
12,126±0,077Angraecum eburneum02404,149±0,015x
8,211±0,03406,450±0,081x
25,543±0,078Laelia
anceps02406,330±0,025x
5,321±0,02207,144±0,066x
15,263±0,070E?euee?noue i?iaeeo?a ia iaeeieoeth iiaa?oi? eenoea
caeaaeeoue a?ae oeio eenoeiai? ieanoeiee, a oaeiae a?ae oeio o?enaoe??
NI2 Iaie aeiaaaeaii, ui o aeae?a c oiieeie eenoeaie (N3-oei)
-Strenorrhynchus speciosus – e?euee?noue i?iaeeo?a ia iaeeieoeth
iiaa?oi? iaaaaaoi a?eueoa, i?ae o aeae?a c oianoeie eenoeaie (NAI-oei)
Phalaenopsis amabilis. Iaea?eueoo e?euee?noue i?iaeeo?a ia 1 ii2
eenoeiai? ieanoeiee iathoue Stenorrhynchus speciosus ? Thunia
marshalliana (oaae.4.2).
Aeyaeaii, ui ee?oeie iacio?eo o i?o?aeae c oiieeie neeaae/anoeie
eenoeaie, aieiaiei /eiii ?ciae?aiao?e/i?. Ii?yae c anei?ethth/eie
ee?oeiaie cono??/athoueny aiaeicaianath/?. I?o?aea? c oaa?aeeie
aei?noeeie aai i’ynenoeie eenoeaie (Laelia anceps, Phalaenopsis
amabilis) iathoue iacio?e, yeee neeaaea?oueny c ie?oaeeo ee?oei, aei
oiai ae, ee?oeie, ui i?eieeathoue aei aa?oiueiai ai?aea?iaeueiiai oa?o,
iiaeooue aooe a?eueoiai ?ici??o.
Iieacaii, ui noaeeiia nenoaia ia? aoaeiao, oeiiao aeey i?aaenoaaiee?a
eeano iaeiiaeieueieo. O i?o?aeae c oaa?aeeie aei?noeeie aai i’ynenoeie
eenoeaie (Angraecum eburneum) noaeeii? io/ee ??ciiai ?ici??o: iaeei
aaeeeee io/ie ioi/othoue iaeei – o?e iaio?. O oiieieenoeo i?o?aeae
noaeeii? io/ee i?eaeecii iaeiaeiaiai ?ici??o.
Io?eiai? aeai? uiaei e?euee?nii-aiaoii?/ieo iniaeeainoae eenoea
aeicaieythoue aeaoe aeieia?/io oa?aeoa?enoeeo eiaeiiio aeaeo.
Aeiaaaeaii, ui iaea?eueo no?eeeie aei iani?eyoeeaeo oiia iaaeieeoiueiai
na?aaeiaeua ? aeaee c neiiiae?aeueiei oeiii aaeoaeaiiy iaaiiiai?
nenoaie.
?ICAe?E 5. Iniaeeaino? oioineioaoe/iiai aia?aoo o?ii?/ieo i?o?aeieo
5.1. Iniaeeaino? aaciiai?io i?o?aeieo ??cii? ii?oieia?/ii? aoaeiae.
Aea/aiiy oioineioaoe/ii? aeoeaiino? aeine?aeieo aeae?a aeicaiey?
aecia/eoe oaeoi?e, ye? i?eaiaeyoue aei cieaeaiiy ?o i?iaeoeoeaiino? a
eiie?aoieo oiiaao oaieeoeue. I?e oeueiio, canoinoaaiiy oaeiai iieacieea
ye ?ioaineai?noue oioineioaco, aea? iiaeeea?noue ia?aaeaa/eoe ia o?eueee
iai?aaeaiiy ci?i i?iaeoeoeaiino? oea?o?iiy, aea oaeiae ? ?? aaee/eio.
A?aei?iiino? aia?aaoe/iiai iai?io o ?ineei c ??ciith i?iaeoeoeai?noth
?inoo iia’ycai? c a?aei?iiinoyie oioineioaoe/iiai iaoaaie?cio aoaeaoeth,
ye? aeieeee a i?ioean? aaiethoe??.
A oiae? iaoeo aeine?aeaeaiue aoei aeaeaii, ui niaeo?e a?aeaeooy
i?iiaienoi? aia?a?? eenoeaie NAI- ? N3 – aeae?a a iaaeao o?ceieia?/ii?
?aae?aoe?? iaeaea ia a?ae??ciythoueny. I?i?iaeueia a?aeaeooy oa?aeoa?ia
aeey eenoe?a Dendrobium crumenatum, Doritis pulcherrima, Vanda watsoni.
Iaeneiaeueia – aeey Stenorrhynchus speciosus. Niaeo? i?iioneaiiy aoa
io?eiaiee o?eueee aeey eenoe?a Stenorrhynchus speciosus, oiio ui eenoee
?ioeo aeine?aeieo aeae?a aeyaeenue iaaeoi u?eueieie. Ia aeeaey/enue ia
oa, ui a on?o aeine?aeieo aeaeao a niaeo?? ?aae?aoe?? ia?aaaaeaee
/a?aii? i?iiai?, iiaeeiaiiy ?o (i?e aeiaaeei? oaee? 0,73 – 0, 75 iei)
neeaaeaei 90 – 95%, o?eueo?aoe?y a iaaeao oioineioaoe/ii aeoeaii?
?aae?aoe?? (a?ae 0,40 aei 0,68 iei) o ie?aieo aeaeao cia/ii
a?ae??ciyeanue. Oae, iiaeeiaiiy caeaieo i?iiai?a (aeiaaeeia oaee? 0,53 –
0,57 iei) o Thunia marshalliana ceeaei 36-38%, Dendrobium crumenatum,
Doritis pulcherrima, Vanda watsoni a?aeiia?aeii – 15-23%. Cia/i?
a?aei?iiino? aoee a?aei?/ai? ? i?e iiaeeiaii? o?ieaoiaeo ? nei?o
i?iiai?a (0,40 – 0,50 iei) – a?aeiia?aeii 23 – 25%, 9 – 13%, ui
iaoiiaeaii ??ciith a?o?oaeoii?eith eenoe?a ? iia’ycaii c iniaeeainoyie
i?e?iaeiiai a?aaea, ui oi?io? o ?ineei oe?eee ?yae aaeaioeaieo
iaoai?ci?a, a naia ??ci? oeyoe o?enaoe?? aoaeaoeth.
Ooieoe?iiaeueiee noai oioineioaoe/iiai aia?aoo, yeui ioe?ithaaoe eiai
aaeaioaoe?th aei o?eaaeiai aieeao na?oeiaeo oiia, iiaeeeai
ioa?aeoa?ecoaaoe na?oeiaeie e?eaeie oioineioaco. Aiae?c e?eaeo
oioineioaco aeyaea, ui iae?eua ooieoe?iiaeueia eaa?euei?noue i?eoaiaiia
oioineioaoe/iiio aia?aoo i?o?aeae c neiiae?aeueiei oeiii aaeoaeaiiy
iaaiiiai? nenoaie. Anoaiiaeaii, ui nenoaiaoe/ia nii??aeiai?noue aeae?a
ua ia icia/a? ui oe? ?ineeie iaeiaeia? ii a?aeiioaiith aei na?oea. O
aaeaioiaaieo ?ineei aiie?ooaea na?oeiai? e?eai? oioineioaco iiaeiia
a?aeiia?aeaoe ??aith ?ioaineaiino? na?oea, yeee oa?aeoa?iee aeey aeaiiai
i?noeac?inoaiiy. I?e iaa?aeiia?aeiino? na?oeiaeo oiia ae?iuoaaiiy c
aaiaoe/ii cae??ieaieie iniaeeainoyie aeaeo, oioineioac iiaea i?ioiaeeoe
i?e ?ioaineaiino? na?oea, aeua ca iane/aii?noue (o NAI-aeae?a, ye?
?inoooue ia aeia?a ina?oeaieo i?noeyo), aai oeo, ui a?aeiia?aeathoue
i?yiie?i?eiiio a?ae??ceo e?eai? (aeey N3 – aeae?a, ye? c?inoathoue a
oiiaao cao?iaiiy).
Ni?aa?aeiioaiiy oioineioaoe/ii? ae?yeueiino? ?ineei ? na?oeiaiai ?aaeeio
na?ae/aoue, ui aeey oioineioaoe/ii? i?iaeoeoeaiino? NAI – ?ineei, ye?
ae?iuoaaeenue a aeia?a ina?oeaieo i?ei?uaiiyo, aaeeea cia/aiiy ia?
??aaiue ieaoi oioineioaco. O N3- ?ineei, ye? c?inoathoue o
neaaiina?oeaieo i?noeyo, ??aaiue ieaoi ia aieeaa? ia oioineioaoe/io
i?iaeoeoeai?noue, a iniaeeaa cia/aiiy iaaoaa? ?ioaineai?noue aeaiiai
i?ioeano ia ii/aoeiaiio a?ae??ceo e?eai? oioineioaco. Aiia caeaaeeoue ye
a?ae ?ioaineaiino? oaiiiaiai aeeoaiiy (ui aecia/a? iieiaeaiiy
eiiiainaoe?eii? e?aiee), oae ? a?ae na?oeiai? e?eai? oioineioaco. I?e
oeueiio ne?ae a?aecia/eoe, ui iecueeiio oioineioaco NAI – aeae?a i?e
iane/ai? na?oeii a?aeiia?aea? iecueea ?ioaineai?noue aeeoaiiy. Oea ia?
aaeaioeaia cia/aiiy caaaeyee cia/iiio nei?i/aiith aeo?ao i?aai?/ii?
?a/iaeie.
O i?o?aeae, ye? anei?eththoue a oiiaao ?ioaineaiino? na?oea ieae/a
eiiiainaoe?eii? e?aiee, i?e iecueeiio ??ai? ieaoi oioineioaca
niinoa??aa?oueny aeoaea aeniea aeeoaiiy, ui, iaaooue iia’ycaii c iiaiei
ia?aoiaeii aia?aaoeee ?ineei ia ieenethaaia oinoi?eethaaiiy.
Oaeei /eiii, na?oeia? e?ea? oioineioaco a iniiaiiio oa?aeoa?ecothoue
aaeaioaoe?th ?ineei aei o?eaaeiai aieeao iaaieo na?oeiaeo oiia. Iaeiae,
i?ae oeei aa?oi ?icoi?oe ia o?eueee aaeaioaoe?th aei ?ioaineaiino?
na?oea, ui ia?aaaaea? a aeaiiio i?noe?, aea e aaeaioaoe?th aei
ae?aiaciio aa??thaaiiy ?ioaineaiino? na?oea. Oae, iayai?noue ?icoyaiooi?
aiie?ooaee ia na?oeiaeo e?eaeo oioineioaca na?ae/eoue i?i oa, ui aiie
ae?inee i?e ?ioaineaiiio ina?oeai?, ? aeaco? ia a?eueo i?iaeoeoeaio ?o
?iaioo a oe?ieiio ae?aiacii? ?ioaineaiinoae na?oea, oa?aeoa?iiai aeey
aeia?a ina?oeaieo oaieeoeue a aaniyii-e?oi?e ia??iae. A naith /a?ao,
iayai?noue a?eueo ??cei? aiie?ooaee ia na?oeiaeo e?eaeo oioineioaco
?ineei ui ae?inee i?e iaaeinoaoi?e ina?oeaiiino?, na?ae/eoue i?i
anei?eyoe?th c aenieei EEAe o aocueeiio ae?aiacii? na?oeiaeo oiia,
oa?aeoa?iiio aeey cao?iaieo oaieeoeue a in?iiuei-ceiiaee ia??iae.
5.2. Oa?aeoa?enoeea ieanoeaeiiai aia?aoo.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?aiaioiiai eiiieaeno o aeine?aeieo aeae?a i?o?aeae aea?
iiaeeea?noue aecia/eoe nooi?iue ci?i ? no?eeino? oioineioaoe/iiai
aia?aoo ? aeine?aeeoe oaeoi?e, ui aeoea?cothoue eiai ?iaioo. Oaeee
i?aeo?ae aeiiii?a aeyaeoe caeaaei?noue i?ae aiaoii?/ieie ?
o?c?ieia?/ieie iieacieeaie oioineioaoe/iiai aia?aoo ? eiai aeoeai?noth,
a oaeiae neeanoe oa?aeoa?enoeeo eiai a?aeiia?aeieo ?aaeoe?e ia aieea
aeci- oa aiaeiaaiieo oaeoi??a.
I?iaaaeai? iaie aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacaee, ui o i?o?aeae c oiieith
eenoeiaith ieanoeieith e?euee?noue oei?iieano?a a eenoeao a 4 ?ace aeua
ii??aiyii c aeaeaie c oianoeie eenoeaie. I?e oeueiio aeyaeaii iiceoeaio
ei?aeyoe?th i?ae e?euee?noth oei?iieano?a a ee?oeiao oa ?ioaineai?noth
?inoiaeo i?ioean?a o aeine?aeieo aeae?a i?o?aeieo (r = 0,88 –
oaae.5.2.1). Iaeneiaeueia e?euee?noue oei?iieano?a aeanoeaa ?ineeiai
Thunia marshalliana, i?i?iaeueia – Angraecum eburneum.
Oaaeeoey 5.2.1.
Iieacieee iacino?oeoo?e eenoe?a ??cieo aeae?a i?o?aeieo
AEAeE?euee?noue ee?oei
a 1 ii 2 , o90*enei oei?iieano?a
a ee?oei?, oo.Cattleya bowringiana340Dendrobium crumenatum1,543Doritis
pulcherrima435Phalaenopsis amabilis1,637Vanda watsoni4,760Paphiopedilum
insigne1,246Stenorrinchus speciosus1,799Thunia
marshalliana1,5125Angraecum eburneum2,528Laelia anceps3,431r=0,88
Oaaeeoey 5.2.2.
Ai?no oioineioaoe/ieo i?aiaio?a a eenoeao i?o?aeieo ia/100 a. n.?.i.
AEAeOei?io?eEa?ioeii?aeeOei?io?e a+b
Ea?ioeii?aeeAba+bCattleya
Bowringiana23,148,9132,056,674,85Dendrobiun
crumenatum11,854,015,855,662,82Doritis
pulcherrima11,403,3814,785,992,46Phalaenopsis
amabilis12,964,7517,716,672,65Vanda
watsoni10,385,2115,537,102,19Paphiopedilum
insigne16,1212,3128,4314,631,94Stenorrinchus
speciosus14,369,2823,6410,332,28Thunia
marshalliana12,554,5317,085,203,28Angraecum
eburneum13,155,9219,076,642,87Laelia
anceps8,934,5113,444,804,68r=0,83
I?o?aea?, ye? aaaeooue iacaiiee niin?a aeeooy (Stenorrhynchus speciosus,
Thunia marshalliana, Paphiopedilum insgne) a?ae??ciythoueny aenieei
ai?noii oioineioaoe/ieo i?aiaio?a a ii??aiyii? c ai?o?oieie aeaeaie
(Phalaenopsis amabilis, Dendrobium crumenatum, Doritis pulcherrima,
Vanda watsoni, Cattleya bowringiana). Aia?oa anoaiiaeaii, ui ai?no
oei?io?eo “a” a eenoeao i?o?aeieo iiaea aooe iaeiei ?c ae?aaiinoe/ieo
e?eoa???a i?e aecia/aii? i?iaeoeoeaiino? ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo ?ineei ??cieo
a?iaeioei?a.
?ICAe?E 6. ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii aeiaeyaeo ca aeine?aeieie aeaeaie
i?o?aeieo.
A?aoiaoth/e a?ieia?/i? iniaeeaino? aeine?aeaeoaaieo aeae?a i?o?aeae
(aeieiai-aaia?ao?/i? oiiae i?e?iaeiiai i?noeac?inoaiiy, a?ieia?/i? ?eoie
?inoo oa ?icaeoeo ?ineei, a oaeiae aiaoii?/i? oa o?c?ieia?/i?
iniaeeaino?) iaie aoa ?ic?iaeaiee oaoiieia?/iee ?aaeaiaio ii aeiaeyaeo
ca o?ii?/ieie aeaeaie i?o?aeieo ??ciiai a?iaeioeio a oiiaao cae?eoiai
a?oioo iii??ieo oe?io. Neeaaeaia nenoaia i?ia?aeueiiai aeeaeaiiy aeey
aeine?aeieo aeae?a ?iaeeie Orchidaceae.
AENIIAEE
Aeine?aeaeaii a?ieia?/i? iniaeeaino? 10 aeae?a o?ii?/ieo i?o?aeieo
??cii? ii?oino?oeoo?e.
Aia?oa i?iaaaeaii iaoaiaoe/iee ?ic?aooiie ooieoe?? ?inoo aeine?aeieo
aeae?a a oiiaao cae?eoiai a?oioo iii??ieo oe?io. Anoaiiaeaii,ui
iaea?eueo ?ioaineaiee i?e??no iathoue aeaee c neiiiae?aeueiei oeiii
aaeoaeaiiy.
Aeine?aeaeaii e?euee?nii – aiaoii?/i? iniaeeaino? aoaeiae eenoeiai?
ieanoeiee i?o?aeieo c iiii – ? neiiiae?aeueiei oeiii aaeoaeaiiy
iaaiiiai? nenoaie. Iieacaii, ui o neiiiae?aeueieo aeae?a (Cattleya
bowringiana, Dendrobium crumenatum, Paphiopedilum insigne, Stenorrinchus
speciosus, Laelia anceps) i?iaeeoiaee aiia?ao ?ici?uo?oueny o?eueee c
ieaeiueiai aieo eenoeiai? ieanoeiee.
Iieacaia iiceoeaia ei?aeyoe?eia caeaaei?noue i?ae /eneii oei?iieano?a a
ee?oeiao oa ?ioaineai?noth ?inoiaeo i?ioean?a o aeine?aeieo aeae?a
i?o?aeieo. Iaeneiaeueia e?euee?noue oei?iieano?a a ee?oei? aeanoeaa
?ineeiai Thunia marshalliana, i?i?iaeueia – Angraecum eburneum.
Anoaiiaeaii, ui i?o?aea?, ye? aaaeooue iacaiiee niin?a aeeooy
(Stenorrhynchus speciosus, Thunia marshalliana, Paphiopedilum insgne)
a?ae??ciythoueny aenieei ai?noii oioineioaoe/ieo i?aiaio?a a ii??aiyii?
c ai?o?oieie aeaeaie. I?e oeueiio ai?no oei?io?eo a eenoeao iiaea aooe
iaeiei ?c ae?aaiinoe/ieo e?eoa???a i?e aecia/aii? i?iaeoeoeaiino? ?inoo
? ?icaeoeo ?ineei ??cieo a?iaeioei?a.
Aecia/aii, ui iaeneiaeueia oioineioaoe/ia aeoeai?noue aeey aeae?a
Stenorrhynchus speciosus, Thunia marshalliana, Paphiopedilum insgne, ye?
iiaeeiathoue aoaeaeeneee aac N3 – oeyoii, ciaoiaeeoueny a iaaeao 35 –
45ia NI2/aei? ca aiaeeio, aeey i?o?aeae c NAI – iaoaaie?ciii
(Phalaenopsis amabilis, Dendrobium crumenatum, Doritis pulcherrima,
Vanda watsoni, Cattleya bowringiana, Angraecum eburneum, Laelia anceps)
– 2 – 8 ia NI2/aei?.
?ic?iaeaii oaoiieia?/iee ?aaeaiaio ii aeiaeyaeo ca o?ii?/ieie aeaeaie
i?o?aeieo ??ciiai a?iaeioeio a oiiaao cae?eoiai a?oioo iii??ieo oe?io.
Oai?aoe/ii iaa?oioiaaia nenoaia i?ia?aeueiiai aeeaeaiiy aeine?aeieo
?ineei.
Cienie iioae?eiaaieo i?aoeue
1.ss?ineaanueea AE. I., *a?aa/aiei O. I. I?iaeeoiaee aiia?ao o?ii?/ieo
aeae?a i?o?aeae o ca’yceo c ?o a?ieia?/ieie iniaeeainoyie //
?io?iaeoeoe?y oa aee?iaoecaoe?y ?ineei. – 1995. – ?25. – N.92-95.
2. ss?ineaanueea AE.I. Aeieiai-aaia?ao?/i? iniaeeaino? o?ii?/ieo aeae?a
i?o?aeieo oa ?oi? a?ieia?/i? ?eoie ?inoo a oiiaao cae?eoiai a?oioo
iii??ieo oe?io // Oe?a?inueeee o?oioeaiieia?/iee ca??iee. – 1999. –
Na??y A. O?oinioe?ieia?y. –- ?10. – N.66-74.
3.ss?ineaanueea AE.I. Iniaeeaino? i?aiaioiiai eiiieaeno o aeayeeo
o?ii?/ieo i?o?aeae eieaeoe?? OeAN IAI Oe?a?ie // A?niee Ee?anueeiai
Oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea “Ioi?iia ? caaaa/aiiy ?ineeiiiai
na?oo”. – 1999. – Aei.1. O.2. – N.94-95.
4.Eaa?aioueaaa A.I., Aothi E.E., Eiaaeueneay E.A., ss?ineaaneay AE.I.
AEeciaiiua oeeeeu ?acaeoey Dendrobium phalaenopsis Fitzg.//
Oac.aeii.I?aei. oe. “Aea/aiiy iioiaaiaco ?ineei i?e?iaeiuei? oa
eoeueoo?ii? oei? o aioai?/ieo caeeaaeao ?a?ac??. – Ee?a – Euea?a. –
1994. – N.121-122.
5.*a?aa/aiei O.I., Neoiyinueea I.I., ss?ineaanueea AE.I. Aiaoii?/ia
aoaeiaa iiaa?oiaaeo oeaiei aeayeeo aeae?a o?ii?/ieo i?o?aeae //
Iaoa??aee O c’?caeo OAO “I?iaeaie aioai?ee (Iieoaaa, 22-23 o?aaiy
1997?.). – Oac. aeii.: Ee?a-Iieoaaa, 1997. – N.159.
6. *a?aa/aiei O.I., ss?ineaanueea AE.I. A?ieia?/i? ?eoie ?icaeoeo
o?ii?/ieo aeae?a i?o?aeae a oiiaac cae?eoiai a?oioo // Iaoa??aee
i?aeia?iaeii? eiioa?aioe?? “Iioiaaiac ?ineei a i?e?iaeiueiio oa
o?ainoi?iiaaiiio na?aaeiaeu? (Euea?a,1-4 eeiiy, 1998?.). – Oac. Aeii..:
Euea?a, 1998. – N.77-79.
7. ss?ineaanueea AE.I. Iniaeeaino? aoaeiae i?iaeeoiaiai aia?aoo Thunia
marshalliana Rchb.f. // Iaoa??aee i?aeia?iaeii? eiioa?aioe?? “Io?aia e
eoeueoeae?iaaiea i?oeaeae (Ee?a, 27-30 aa?aniy 1999?.). .). – Oac.
aeii..: Ee?a, 1999. – N.143-144
ss?ineaanueea AEaiia Ieeiea?aia. A?ieia?/i? iniaeeaino? aeayeeo aeae?a
o?ii?/ieo i?o?aeieo ??cii? ii?oino?oeoo?e. – ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa a?ieia?/ieo iaoe
ii niaoe?aeueiino? 03.00.05 – aioai?ea. – Oeaio?aeueiee aioai?/iee naae
?i. I.I.A?eoea IAI Oe?a?ie,Ee?a, 1999.
Aeena?oaoe?th i?enay/aii aeine?aeaeaiith a?ieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae 10
aeae?a o?ii?/ieo i?o?aeae ??cii? ii?oino?oeoo?e ?c ??cieo a?iaeioei?a.
Aea/ai? a?ieia?/i? ?eoie ?inoo aeine?aeieo aeae?a ?iaeeie Orchidaceae
Juss. a oiiaao cae?eoiai a?oioo iii??ieo oe?io. I?iaaaeaiee
ii??aiyeueii-aiaoii?/iee aiae?c aoaeiae eenoeiai? ieanoeiee ?ineei, ye?
a?ae??ciythoueny ii?oieia?/ii. Aecia/aia caeaaei?noue i?ae oeiii
aaeoaeaiiy iaaiiiai? nenoaie oa oa?aeoa?ii ?ici?uaiiy i?iaeeo?a.
Io?eiai? e?euee?ni? oa?aeoa?enoeee ai?aea?iaeueii? oeaieie eenoea.
I?iaiae?ciaaii e?ea? oioineioaco i?o?aeieo. Aeine?aeaeaii i?aiaioiee
eiiieaen. Anoaiiaeaii, ui i?o?aea?, ye? aaaeooue iacaiiee niin?a aeeooy
(Stenorrhynchus speciosus, Thunia marshalliana, Paphiopedilum insgne)
a?ae??ciythoueny aenieei ai?noii oioineioaoe/ieo i?aiaio?a a ii??aiyii?
c ai?o?oieie aeaeaie. ?ic?iaeaii oaoiieia?/iee ?aaeaiaio ii aeiaeyaeo ca
o?ii?/ieie aeaeaie i?o?aeieo ??ciiai a?iaeioeio a oiiaao cae?eoiai
a?oioo iii??ieo oe?io.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: o?ii?/i? aeaee i?o?aeae, ii?oino?oeoo?a, i?iaeeoiaee
aia?ao, a?ieia?/i? ?eoie, e?ea? oioineioaco, oioineioaoe/i? i?aiaioe.
ss?ineaaneay AEaiia Ieeieaaaia. Aeieiae/aneea iniaaiiinoe iaeioi?uo
aeaeia o?iie/aneeo i?oeaeiuo ?acee/iie ii?oino?oeoo?u. – ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe
03.00.05 – aioaieea. Oeaio?aeueiue aioaie/aneee naae ei. I.I.A?eoea IAI
Oe?aeiu, Eeaa, 1999.
Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia enneaaeiaaieth aeieiae/aneeo iniaaiiinoae 10
aeaeia o?iie/aneeo i?oeaeae ?acee/iie ii?oino?oeoo?u ec ?acee/iuo
aeiyeioeiia. Eco/aiu aeieiae/aneea ?eoiu ?inoa enneaaeoaiuo aeaeia
naiaenoaa Orchidaceae Juss.. I?iaaaeaiiue iaoaiaoe/aneee ?an/ao ooieoeee
?inoa, a iniiao eioi?iai iieiaeai iieacaoaeue ioiineoaeueiiai i?e?inoa,
iieacae, /oi aeey ?anoaiee Phalaenopsis amabilis, Angraecum eburneum,
Stenorrhynchus speciosus, Paphiopedilum insigne oa?aeoa?iie
iniaaiiinoueth anoue ionoonoaea /aoei au?aaeaiiiai ia?eiaea iieiy e
iaaethaeathony oieueei iacia/eoaeueiua eciaiaiey a eioaineaiinoe ?inoa
?anoaiee. O Laelia anceps eioaineaiue ?ino ia/eiaaony n eiioea iay e
i?iaeieaeaaony aei na?aaeeiu ethey. Aeey Cattleya bowringiana ia?eiae
?inoa – ai?aeue – naioya?ue, a ia??iae iieiy iiiaaeaao ia na?aaeeio
aeaeaa?y – eiiaoe yiaa?y. O Vanda watsoni ia i?ioyaeaiee aeaeaa?y –
ai?aey iaaethaeaaony caoooaiea ?inoiauo i?ioeannia, a eioaineaiue ?inono
ianooiaao a ai?aea – ethia. O Dendrobium crumenatum ia?eiae iieiy
ianooiaao n ethey ii aeaeaa?ue. Caoooaiea ?inoiauo i?ioeannia o Doritis
pulcherrima iaaethaeaaony ia i?ioyaeaiee aeaoo ia?eiaeia: n ethey ii
naioya?ue e n yiaa?y ii oaa?aeue. Thunia marshalliana – ?anoaiea n
oi?ioi ae?aaeaiiui ia?eiaeii iieiy (eiiaoe ethiy – ia/aei ethey). Oaeei
ia?acii, iaeaieaa eioaineaiui i?e?inoii iaeaaeatho aeaeu n
neiiiaeeaeueiui oeiii aaoaeaiey iiaaaiaie nenoaiu.
I?iaaaeai n?aaieoaeueii-aiaoiie/aneee aiaeec no?iaiey eenoiaie ieanoeiee
?anoaiee, ioee/athueony ii?oieiae/anee. Auyaeaia caaeneiinoue iaaeaeo
oeiii aaoaeaiey iiaaaiaie nenoaiu e oa?aeoa?ii ?aciauaiey onoueeoe.
Iieacaii, ui o neiiiaeeaeueiuo aeaeia (Cattleya bowringiana, Dendrobium
crumenatum, Paphiopedilum insigne, Stenorrinchus speciosus, Laelia
anceps) onouee/iue aiia?ao iaoiaeeony oieueei n ieaeiae noi?iiu eenoiaie
ieanoeiee. Iieo/aiu eiee/anoaaiiua oa?aeoa?enoeee yieaea?iaeueiie oeaie.
Eco/ai oioineioaoe/aneee aiia?ao enneaaeoaiuo aeaeia i?oeaeae.
I?iaiaeeciaaiu e?eaua oioineioaca i?oeaeiuo. Iieacaii, ui iaeneiaeueiay
oioineioaoe/aneay aeoeaiinoue aeey aeaeia Stenorrhynchus speciosus,
Thunia marshalliana, Paphiopedilum insgne, eioi?ui i?enou N3 –
iaoaaieeci, iaoiaeeony a i?aaeaeao 35 – 45ia NI2/aei? ca /an, aeey
i?oeaeae n NAI – iaoaaieeciii (Phalaenopsis amabilis, Dendrobium
crumenatum, Doritis pulcherrima, Vanda watsoni, Cattleya bowringiana,
Angraecum eburneum, Laelia anceps) – 2 – 8 ia NI2/aei? ca /an.
Enneaaeiaai ieaiaioiue eiiieaen. Iieacaia iieiaeeoaeueiay ei?aeyoeeiiiay
caaeneiinoue iaaeaeo /eneii oei?iieanoia a eeaoeao e eioaineaiinoueth
?inoiauo i?ioeannia o 10 aeaeia i?oeaeiuo. Iaeneiaeueiia eiee/anoai
oei?iieanoia a eeaoea oa?aeoa?ii aeey ?anoaiee Thunia marshalliana,
ieieiaeueiia – Angraecum eburneum. Onoaiiaeaii, /oi i?oeaeae, eioi?ua
aaaeoo iacaiiue ia?ac aeecie (Stenorrhynchus speciosus, Thunia
marshalliana, Paphiopedilum insgne) ioee/athony aunieei niaea?aeaieai
oioineioaoe/aneeo ieaiaioia. I?e yoii, niaea?aeaiea oei?ioeeea b a
eenoueyo iiaeao auoue iaeiei ec aeeaaiinoe/aneeo e?eoa?eaa ii?aaeaeaiey
i?iaeoeoeaiinoe ?inoa e ?acaeoey ?anoaiee ?acee/iuo aeiyeioeiia.
?ac?aaioai oaoiieiae/aneee ?aaeaiaio ii ooiaeo ca o?iie/aneeie aeaeaie
i?oeaeiuo ?acee/iiai aeiyeioeia a oneiaeyo cae?uoiai a?oioa oia?aiiuo
oe?io.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: o?iie/aneea aeaeu i?oeaeae, ii?oino?oeoo?a, onouee/iue
aiia?ao, aeieiae/aneea ?eoiu, e?eaua oioineioaca, oioineioaoe/aneea
ieaiaiou.
Yaroslavska Zhanna Mykolaivna. Biological features of some species
tropical orchids various morphostructure – Manuscript.
Dissertation on the acquiring of the candidate of biological scientific
degree on a speciality 03.00.05 – botany. M.M.Grishko Central Botanical
Garden of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 1999.
Ten species with different morphostructure and biotypes were used to
study biological features of tropical orchids. Biological rhythms of
tested species belonging to the family Orchidaceae Juss. were examined.
Comparative analysis of leaf plate structure in plants with different
morphostructure showed dependence of character of stomas placing on type
of shoot system branching. The photosynthetic means of researched orchid
species kinds is investigated. Are investigated curves of photosynthesis
orchids. Pigments complex was studied. Positive correlation of
chloroplast quantity and amount of cells per area unit of leaf was
found. The same dependence was observed under analysing the
photosynthetic pigments.
A same method of orchid nursing was devised.
Key words: tropical species of orchids, morphostructure, breath
apparatus, biological rhythms, nurves of photosynthesis, photosynthetic
pigments.
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