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Біологічні особливості й ефективність вирощування розлусної кукурудзи в південно-східній частині України: Автореф. дис… канд. с.-г. наук / С.В. Масл

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16

Iinoeooo ca?iiaiai ainiiaea?noaa

Oe?ainueea aeaaeaiiy aa?a?ieo iaoe

Iane?eia Na?a?e Aieiaeeie?iae/

OAeE 635.677:631.531.048

.A?ieia?/i? iniaeeaino? e aoaeoeai?noue ae?iuoaaiiy ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece
a i?aaeaiii-no?aei?e /anoei? Oe?a?ie.

06.01.09 – ?ineeiieoeoai

Aaoi?aoa?ao

aeena?oaoei ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaaeeaeaoa nieuenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe

Aeiii?iiao?ianuee

1999

Aeena?oaoeith ?oeiien

?iaioa aeeiiaia a Eoaainueeiio aea?aeaaiiio iaaeaai?//iiio
oi?aa?neoao??i. Oa?ana Oaa/aiea I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? nieuenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, i?ioani?,

Eiiiiey Ieeiea ?aaiiae/,

Caa.eao. a?ieia??
Eoaainueeiiai aea?aeaaiiai iaaeaai?//iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?i. Oa?ana
Oaa/aiea I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie

Ioioeieii iiiiaioe:

aeieoi? nieuenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, i?ioani?, aeaaeaiie OAAI
Oeeeia

Aaeaioei Na?aieiae/, Iinoeooo ca?iiaiai ainiiaea?noaa OAAI, caaiaeoaa/
aiaeaeieo;

eaiaeeaeao nieuenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, noa?oee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee
Naoa?ia Aaneeue Aeaieeiae/, aeioeaio Aei?i?iiao?ianueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo

I?iaiaeia onoaiiaa: Oa?eianueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee oiiaa?neoao,
eaoaae?a ?ineeiieoeoaa, i. Oa?eia

Caoeno aeena?oaoei aiaeaoaeaoueny “26 ” eenoiiaaea 1999 ?. i 13-00
aiaeeii ia caniaeaiii niaoeiaeiciaaii a/aii ?aaee Ae.08.353.01. a
Iinoeoooi ca?iiaiai ainiiaea?noaa OAAI ca aae?anith: 320027,
i.Aeiii?iiao?ianuee, aoe.Aeca?aeeinueeiai, 14; oaeaoii 45 02 36

C aeena?oaoeith iiaeia iciaeiieoeny a aiaeiioaoei Iinoeoooo ca?iiaiai
ainiiaea?noaa.

Aiaeaoee ia aaoi?aoa?ao i?ineii iaaeneeaoe a aeaio i?eii?ieeao,
canaiae/aieo ia/aoeith.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?icineaii “ 21 ” aeiaoiy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoeiaeiciaaii a/aii ?aaee
__________I.Ae.A?otho

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. O na?oiaiio caiea?ianoa? na?aae ca?iiaeo eoeueoo?
ca ieiuaie iin?ao ia?oa i?noea caeia? eoeo?oaeca. ?c onueiai aaeiaiai
cai?o ca?ia ?? ia i?iaeiaieue/? oe?e? aeei?enoiao?oueny a?ae 20 aei 35%
. O aaaaoueio aea?aeaaao na?aaeiuei??/ia niiaeeaaiiy eoeo?oaece ia aeooo
ianaeaiiy aeinyaa? 28-32ea ? a?eueoa, o oie /an ye a Oe?a?i? – a?ae
2,5-3,5ea o no?aei?e /anoei? aei 9-12ea o cao?aeieo iaeanoyo. Aea
iio?aae a ca?i? oa?/iai? eoeo?oaece c?inee c 521 oen.o o 1993?. aei 2,0
iei.o o 1998. ? i?iaeiaaeothoue c?inoaoe. Iaeiei ?c i?aeaeae?a oa?/iai?
eoeo?oaece ? ?iceoniee, c yeiai aeaioiaeythoue ioeo, e?oio, noo?
ni?aeaiee, ie?th ? o.ae., onueiai a?ey 140 oa?/iaeo i?iaeoeo?a.
?icoe?aiiy iin?aieo ieiu ? i?aeaeuaiiy a?iaeaeiino? ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece
no?eio?oueny oei, ui oaoiieia?? ae?iuoaaiiy ?? aacothoueny ia i?eeiiao,
caiice/aieo c oaoiieia?e ae?iuoaaiiy e?ai’yienoi? e coaiiiae?aii?
eoeo?oaece, ia a?aoiaothoue a?ieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae oeueiai i?aeaeaeo
? ca’yceo c oiiaaie na?aaeiaeua. Aei oiai ae o ?iaioao a?o/eciyieo oa
ca?oa?aeieo aeine?aeiee?a ieoaiiy ae?iuoaaiiy ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece
aena?oeai? eeoa o?aaiaioaeueii. Ona oea e coiiaeei iaiao?aei?noue
?ic?iaee oaoiieia?/ieo i?eeii?a, ye? a caaacia/oaaee iaea?aeaiiy
noaa?eueieo o?iaea?a aenieiye?niiai ca?ia ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece a oiiaao
Noiaeo Oe?a?ie.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie. Aeine?aeaeaiiy aoee neeaaeiaith
/anoeiith Aea?aeaaiiai i?iaeoo “Ca?iiaee eiiieaen 2000”,
iaoeiai-aeine?aeii? i?ia?aie ?icaeoeo Eoaainueei? iaeano? ia ia??iae aei
2010?. oa ieaio IAe? eaoaae?e a?ieia?? EAeIO .

Iaoa oa caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue. Aeine?aee i?iaiaeeee c iaoith
i?ciaiiy aa?ia?ieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae ??cieo oi?i ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece a
oiiaao i?aaeaiiiai noiaeo Oe?a?ie oa aia?ai-aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino?
ae?iuoaaiiy ??. Aei caaaeaiue aeine?aeaeaiue ooiaeeei: aecia/eoe
iiaeeeaino? i?i?iae?caoe?? iniiaiiai e aeiiin?aiiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo;
onoaiiaeoe iioeiaeuei? no?iee n?aae o ca’yceo c nenoaiith iniiaiiai e
aeiiin?aiiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo; aecia/eoe iioeiaeueio aonoioo noiyiiy
iiaeo ni?o?a /e a?a?eae?a ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece; c’ynoaaoe iiaeeeaino?
caaouaiiy iin?a?a oeyoii iioei?caoe?? ?iaeea?aeoaeueii? ieiu? aeeaeaiiy
?ineei; aeaoe a?iaia?aaoe/io oa aeiiii?/io ioe?ieo aoaeoeaiino?
ae?iuoaaiiy ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece a i?aaeaiii-no?aei?e /anoei? Oe?a?ie.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue o oiio, ui aeey
oiia Noiaeo Oe?a?ie aia?oa ?ic?iaeai? iniiai? ia?aiao?e aeieia?/ii
aacia/ii? oaoiieia?? ae?iuoaaiiy ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece, aeaia
a?iaia?aaoe/ia ioe?iea ie?aieo oaoiieia?/ieo iia?aoe?e oa oaoiieia??
ae?iuoaaiiy a oe?eiio.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue. Onoaiiaeaia iiaeeea?noue
? aeioe?euei?noue ae?iuoaaiiy oeueiai i?aeaeaeo eoeo?oaece a oiiaao
Noiaeo Oe?a?ie, ?ic?iaeai? e ia?aaeai? o ae?iaieoeoai oaoiieia?/i?
i?iaeoe ae?iuoaaiiy ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece (Eoaainuee,1998). Ae?iaie/a
ia?aa??ea oa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy i?iaaaeai? a ainiiaea?noaao
Noa?ia?euenueeiai, Iiaiaeaea?nueeiai, Naao?anueeiai, A?eiaiaenueeiai
?aeii?a Eoaainueei? iaeano?.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Aaoi?ii iniaenoi ii?aoeueiaaii e
ocaaaeueiaii e?oa?aoo?i? aeai?, ?ic?iaeaii ?aeath, i?ia?aio oa noaie
aeine?ae?a, i?iaaaeaii iieueia? e eaia?aeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy, aecia/aii
oaoiieia?/i? yeino? ca?ia, i?aeaioiaeaii e iaienaii noaoo?,
aeena?oaoe?th oa aaoi?aoa?ao.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe. ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue ii?eethaeiaii ia
can?aeaiiyo eaoaae?e a?ieia??, ui??/ieo iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?yo
Eoaainueeiai aea?aeaaiiai iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo (1997-1999??.) oa
Eoaainueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo (1998-1999??.),
ui??/ieo iaeanieo ae?iaie/eo ia?aaeao (1997-1999??.), ?aa?iiaeueiiio
iaoeiaiio neiiic?oi? “Iaoea Eoaaiueie a eiioaeno? ?icaeoeo
?aa?iio”(Eoaainuee,1999), 3-io I?aeia?iaeiiio neiiic?oi? “Iia? e
iao?aaeeoe?ei? ?ineeie oa ia?niaeoeae ?o aeei?enoaiiy” (Iineaa-Ioueii,
1999).

Ioae?eaoe??. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?? aena?oeaii a 6 iaoeiaeo
i?aoeyo.

No?oeoo?a e ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, 5
?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a ? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e ae?iaieoeoao, aeiaeaoe?a;
aeeeaaeaia ia 145 noi??ieao, oi?uo? 4 ?ethno?aoe??, 30 oaaeeoeue, 14
aeiaeaoe?a. Nienie e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaea?ae oeeth/a? 183 iaeiaioaaiiy.

OIIAE OA IAOIAeEEA I?IAAAeAIIss AeINE?AeAEAIUe

Aenia?eiaioaeuei? ?iaioe i?iaiaeeeeny i?ioyaii 1996-1999??. ia eaoaae??
a?ieia?? EAeIO oa caieyo CAO “Aooiai” Noa?ia?euenueeiai ?aeiio
Eoaainueei? iaeano?, ?icoaoiaaiiai a i?ia?ioe?? Noai I?ai?/iee
Caaeiiaoeueeee.

A?oioe aeine?aeieo ae?eyiie – /i?iicaie oeiia? ia eaniiiae?aieo
noaeeieao c aoioniaei oa?ii 45-50ni, ai?noii aoiono a i?iiio oa?? –
3,5-3,6%, a?ae?ie?ciaaiiai acioo – ca Ei?io?eaeii – 10,4-11,2 ia,
?ooiiiai oinoi?o – ca Ia/ea?iei – 10,1-10,8 ia, iai?iiiai eae?th – ca
Ia/ea?iei – 14,5-15,3 ia ia 100a a?oioo. Iaeiaioa aieiai?ii?noue
iao?iaiai oa?o a?oioo – 24-27%, aieia?noue a’yiaiiy ?ineei – 12-16%,
ia’?iia iana a?oioo – 1,30-1,36 a/ni, caaaeueia oia?oaao?noue – 49-51%.

Ee?iao ?aeiio – eiioeiaioaeueiee, iii??ii iinooeeaee. Na?aaeiy ??/ia
oaiia?aoo?a iia?o?y – 7,4 N. O?eaae?noue aacii?iciiai ia??iaeo – 155-165
aei?a. Noia aeoeaieo oaiia?aoo? – 2850-2950N. Na?aaeiy ??/ia noia
iiaae?a ia ia?aaeuo? 440-470 ii.Eiao?oe??io caieiaeaiiy oa?eoi??? –
0,8-0,9. O ?iee i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?ae?a iiaiaei? oiiae a?ae??ciyeeny a?ae
na?aaei?o aaaaoi??/ieo: 1996?. oa?aeoa?ecoaaany ye iii??ii aieiaee ?c
caaaeueiith e?euee?noth iiaae?a ca aaaaoaoe?eiee ia??iae eoeo?oaece 364
ii, noiith aoaeoeaieo oaiia?aoo? 1445 N, a?ae?ioa?i?/iei eiao?oe??ioii
(AOE) 1,2; 1997?. – aieiaee c iieacieeaie a?aeiia?aeii 372 ii, 1218N,
AOE 1,4; 1998?. – iinooeeaee – 164 ii, 1533N, AOE 0,5 i?e na?aaei?o
aaaaoi??/ieo iieacieeao 242 ii, 1250 N, AOE 0,9.

Aeine?aee ?ici?uoaaeeny o ainueiei?euei?e iieueia?e n?aici?i?.
Iiia?aaeieeii eoeo?oaece aoea iceia ioaieoey. Iniiaiee ia?ia?oie a?oioo
aeeth/aa aeai?aciaa eouaiiy noa?i? oa i?aieo ia aeeaeio 20-22ni ieoaii
II-4-35. Iaaani? iiea ai?iioaaee coaiaeie ai?iiaie ? i?iaiaeeee 2-3
aeiiin?ai? eoeueoeaaoe??. I?e aea/aii? niinia?a iniiaiiai ia?ia?oeo
a?oioo, e??i ieoaa II- 4 -35, a?aeiia?aeii aei noaie aeine?aeo
aeei?enoiaoaaee eoeueoeaaoi?-ieinei??c EIA-250 oa aaaeeo aeeneiao
ai?iio AAeA-3,0. Aeia?eaa ii?iith N60?60E40 aiineee i?ae iniiaiee
ia?ia?oie a?oioo oa ye i?aeaeeaeaiiy. N?aao i?iaiaeeee i?e i?ia??aaii?
0-10ni oa?o a?oioo aei 14-16 N aai o a?aeiia?aeiino? aei no?ie?a n?aae
n?aaeeith NI*-6, a i?e aea/aii? niinia?a n?aae – ua e n?aaeeaie
NC-3,6. Aonoioa noiyiiy ?ineei – 45 oen./aa aai a?aeiia?aeii aei noaie
aeine?ae?a. Aeey n?aae aeei?enoiaoaaee a?a?eaee Aei?i?ianueeee 921OA,
Aei?i?ianueeee 298, Aei?i?ianueeee 925. Aeiaeyae ca iin?aaie aeeth/aa
aeinoiaeiaa ai?iioaaiiy oa aea? i?ae?yaei? eoeueoeaaoe??. Aa?a?oeeaee a
aeine?aeao ia canoiniaoaaee. Cae?aiiy a?iaeath i?iaiaeeee a?o/io i?e
iiaiiio aeic??aaii? ca?ia.

Aeaiaioe oaoiieia?? ae?iuoaaiiy eoeo?oaece aea/aee a 3-o aeaioaeoi?ieo
aeine?aeao, caeeaaeaieo ca iaoiaeii ?icuaieaieo ae?eyiie, c
iine?aeiaiei ?ici?uaiiyi aa??aio?a. Iin?aia ieiua ae?eyiie – 84 i2,
iae?eiaa – 56 i2. Iiaoi?i?noue aeine?ae?a – 3-4-o ?aciaa.

I?e i?iaaaeaii? aenia?eiaio?a ea?oaaeeny caaaeueiii?eeiyoeie e
niaoe?aeueieie iaoiaeeeaie. Noaoenoe/io ia?iaeo aenia?eiaioaeueieo
aeaieo i?iaiaeeee iaoiaeii aeenia?n?eiiai aiae?co ia IAII “Pentium”.

AOAEOEAI?NOUe INIIAIIAI E AeIIIN?AIIAI

IA?IA?OEO A?OIOO I?Ae ?ICEONIO EOEO?OAeCO

Aa?io?ce/i? iieacieee oa i?e?ia?ieia?/ia aeoeai?noue a?oioo

Ia ae?eyieao, ia?iaeaieo iieeoeaaeie e iniaeeai aaciieeoeaaeie
cia?yaeaeyie ia 20-22ni, iaeiie/oaaeiny ia 10-17ii aieiae a?eueoa, i?ae
i?e i?eeiio ia?ia?oeo ia 10-12 ni. Ca?eueoaiiy e?eueeino? aeiiin?aieo
eoeueoeaaoe?e c 1 aei 3 nooo?ai ia a?aeaeaaeiny ia aieiaicaaacia/aii?
eoeo?oaece.

Aa?iiii?/ii oe?iieo aa?aaao?a (0,25-10ii) aoei iaea?eueoa, a ieeoaaoeo
/anoeiie iaeiaioa ia ae?eyieao c ieinei??ciei ia?ia?oeii a?oioo e
iaei??th aeiiin?aiith eoeueoeaaoe??th.

Ca?eueoaiiy aeiiin?aieo eoeueoeaaoe?e aei 3-o i?ecaiaeeei aei ciaioaiiy
aa?iiii?/ii oe?iieo aa?aaao?a ia 4,5-6,6% ? i?aeaeuaiiy ieoiii? aaae
ieeoaaoeo /anoeiie a?oioo ia 4,5 – 6,3 %.

U?euei?noue 0-10ni oa?o a?oioo ia?aae n?aaith eoeo?oaece ia?aaoaaea a
iaaeao 1,08 – 1,18 a/ni . ??cieoey ?? ii aa??aioao ia?ia?oeo a?oioo ia
ia?aaeuoaaea 0,02-0,06 a/ni . Ia ia??iae oea?o?iiy eoeo?oaece aiia
aeinyaaea 1,23-1,28 a/ni , cae?aiiy a?iaeath – 1,30 – 1,33 a/ni . O
10-20ni oa?? u?euei?noue a?oioo ia ii/aoeo aaaaoaoe?? eoeo?oaece ii
i?aioe? e ieinei??ciiio ?icioooaaiith aoea a iaaeao 1,20-1,21 a/ni , ii
i?eeiio ia?ia?oeo – 1,28-1,30 a/ni , a a e?ioe? aaaaoaoe?? –
iaeiaeiaith – 1,41-1,42 a/ni . O 20-30ni oa?? aieea iniiaiiai ia?ia?oeo
a?oioo ia eiai u?eueiino? i?iyaeyany iacia/iith i??ith. Aiaeia?/ieie
aoee caeaaeiino? e o ci?iao oaa?aeino? a?oioo.

Iaea?eueo ni?eyoeea? oiiae aeey ?iciiiaeaiiy i?e?ii?aai?ci?a o
aa?oiueiio 0-10ni oa?? a?oioo neeaaeaeeny ii i?eeiio ia?ia?oeo a?oioo,
aea e?euee?noue i?e?ii?aai?ci?a aoea 8,0-9,3 iei.oo./a a?oioo, oiae? ye
ii ieinei??ciiio ?icioooaaiith – 7,2-8,9, a ii i?aioe? – 6,1-8,5
iei.oo./a. Ia ia??iae oea?o?iiy eoeo?oaece e?euee?noue i?e?ii?aai?ci?a
ii i?aioe? e ieinei??ciiio ?icioooaaiith aeinyaaea oeo aea aaee/ei, ui e
ii i?eeiio ia?ia?oeo, a a 10-20 oa 20-30 ni oa?ao a?oioo aoea a 1,5-1,8
?aco a?eueoith, i?ae ii i?eeiio ia?ia?oeo.

Oea ae i?aeoaa?aeaeoaaeiny aie?eaoe?eieie i?iaaie c eueiiiaei iieioiii .

I?ioyaii ia?oiai i?nyoey iaeneiaeueia e?euee?noue eiai (a?ey 26-28%)
?iceeaaeaeany ii i?eeiio ia?ia?oeo a?oioo, a a e?ioe? aaaaoaoe??
eoeo?oaece- ii ieinei??ciiio ?icioooaaiith e i?aioe? -88-92% iieioia.

Aeeiai?ea caao?’yiaiino? iin?a?a

I?iaeaia ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie ? iaea?eueo neeaaeiith caaea/ath, yea
aeieea? i?e aacaa?a?oeeaeiiio ae?iuoaaii? oa?/iai? eoeo?oaece.
Iioaioe?eia caao?’yiai?noue iin?aiiai oa?o a?oioo neeaaeaea 36,2-37,4
oen.oo. ian?iei ia 1 i2 . C 25 aeae?a ao?’yi?a, ye? aoee ciaeaeai? a
iin?aao eoeo?oaece, ia?aae ia?oith i?ae?yaeiith eoeueoeaaoe??th ii
i?aioe? ia ae?eyieao ?aii?o iin?a?a c iaei??th aeiiin?aiith
eoeueoeaaoe??th ia?aaaaeaea a??/eoey oa ?aaeueea (58%), ii ieinei??ciiio
?icioooaaiith oa i?eeiio ia?ia?oeo – ue?eoey (39-44%).

I?ney 2-3-o aeiiin?aieo ia?ia?oe?a ? n?aae eoeo?oaece a na?aaeei?
o?aaiy a iin?aao ia?aaaaeaee ieineooa oa ieo?? (38-63%), aeaui
ca?eueooaaeany e /anoea aaaaoi??/ieo ao?’yi?a. Caaaeueia e?euee?noue
ao?’yi?a ia?aae cae?aiiyi eoeo?oaece ia ia?aaeuoaaea 22-29 oo./i2 c
ianith ne?i? ?a/iaeie 160-250 a, nooi? – 30-70a. A?aeiiaa a?ae iaei???
/e aeaio aeiiin?aieo eoeueoeaaoe?e oa n?aaa a ?aii? no?iee ia
caaacia/oaaee i/euaiiy iin?a?a a?ae ao?’yi?a. E?euee?noue ?o aeinyaaea
34-62 oo.i2, a iana ne?i? e nooi? ?a/iaeie a?aeiia?aeii 2080-2200 oa
400-430a/i2.

??no ? ?icaeoie ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece

O?eaae?noue ie?aieo i?aeoacieo ? aaaaoaoe?eiiai ia??iae?a o oe?eiio
a?ae??ciyeany ia ??cieo ae?eyieao iniiaiiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo ia a?eueoa
i?ae ia 1-2 aei?. O oie /an ye i?e aeaio ? o?ueio eoeueoeaaoe?yo ? n?aa?
a e?ioe? ia?oi? oa ae?oai? aeaeaaee o?aaiy o ii??aiyii? c iaei??th
eoeueoeaaoe??th e n?aaith a e?ioe? ea?oiy ??cieoey neeaaeaea a?ae 3-4
aei 12-13 aei?a. Caaaeueia o?eaae?noue aaaaoaoe?eiiai ia??iaeo aoea
a?aeiia?aeii 132-133 oa 119-120 aei?a.

Aenioa ?ineei ia ae?eyieao iieeoeaai? i?aiee aeinyaaea 181-200ni,
ieinei??ciiai ?icioooaaiiy a?oioo – 179-197ni, i?eeiai ia?ia?oeo –
179-192ni, ca?eueooth/enue a?ae ?aii?o – aei i?ci?o no?ie?a n?aae.

Iana ?ineei aoea iaeneiaeueiith ia aa??aio? iieeoeaai? i?aiee a
ii?aeiaii? c 3-ia aeiiin?aieie eoeueoeaaoe?yie e aeinyaaea a ??ci? ?iee
aeine?aeaeaiue a?ae 350 aei 550a. Ciaioaiiy aeeaeie iniiaiiai ia?ia?oeo
a?oioo c 20-22ni aei 10-12ni oa e?eueeino? aeiiin?aieo eoeueoeaaoe?e c
3-o aei iaei??? i?ecaiaeeei aei cieaeaiiy iane ?ineei ia 50-100a.

Ieiua eenoe?a o na?aaeiueiio ca ?iee aeine?aeaeaiue
iaeneiaeueiith (22,1 oen. i2 ) aoea i?e ii?aeiaii? iieeoeaai? i?aiee
ia 20 – 22 ni oa 3-o aeiiin?aieo eoeueoeaaoe?e, a iaeiaioith
– ia oii? i?eeiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo ia 10-12ni e iaei??? aeiiin?aii?
eoeueoeaaoe?? e ia ia?aaeuoaaea 19,1 oen. i2.

O?iaeaei?noue ? oaoiieia?/i? yeino? ca?ia ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece

Iieeoeaaa i?aiea ia 20-22ni o ii?aeiaii? c 2-3 aeiiin?aieie
eoeueoeaaoe?yie ni?eyea oi?ioaaiith iaea?eueo aeniei? a?iaeaeiino? ca?ia
?iceonii? eoeo?oaece. O aieia? ?iee aiia aeinyaaea 32,1 – 34,7
oe/aa, a a iinooeea? – 22,0 – 24,7 oe/aa.

Cai?ia i?aiee ieinei??ciei ?icioooaaiiyi a?oioo ia oo ae aeeaeio ia
aeaaaea iiceoeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. O?iaeaei?noue ca?ia eoeo?oaece
aeinyaaea eeoa 23,2-25,9 oe/aa, aai ia 2,9 oe/aa iaioa i?ae ii i?aioe?.
Ua ieae/ith – 17,8-21,7 oe/aa a?iaeaei?noue ca?ia aoea i?e i?iaaaeaii?
i?eeiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo ia 10-12ni. Ciaioaiiy e?eueeino? aeiiin?aieo
eoeueoeaaoe?e c aeaio-o?ueio aei iaei??? e n?aaa eoeo?oaece a ?aii?
no?iee aoee iaaoaeoeaieie (oaae. 1 ).

Oaaeeoey 1

Aieea ia?ia?oeo a?oioo ia a?iaeaei?noue ca?ia ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece,
oe/aa

Iniiaiee ia?ia?oie

a?oioo E?euee?noue aeiiin?aieo eoeueoeaaoe?e

1996?.

1997?.

1998?.

1996-1998??I?aiea ia
20-22ni121.827.519.022.8224.232.122.026.1327.034.724.728.8Ieinei??ciee
117.224.119.520.3ia?ia?oie ia
20-22ni219.329.321.123.2322.431.823.525.9I?eeee
ia?ia?oie112.919.58.713.7ia 10-12ni214.623.612.517.8319.028.717.321.7IN?
i5 aeey iniiaiiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo3.12.84.23.3 aeey
ia?aaeiin?aiiai ia?ia?oeo2.02.63.22.6Ci?ie a?iaeaeiino? ca?ia ?iceonii?
eoeo?oaece ca aa??aioaie ia?ia?oeo a?oioo oa ?ieaie aeine?aeaeaiue
aecia/aeeny, aieiaiei /eiii, ca ?aooiie aeiaaeeie e iane ea/ai?a,
aeoiaeo ca?ia i?e ?o iaiieio?, ianith 1000 ca?ai.

Ciaioaiiy /enea aeiiin?aieo eoeueoeaaoe?e, a c oeei ? a?eueo
i?ci? no?iee iin?ao eoeo?oaece i?ecaiaeeee aei i?aeaeuaiiy aieiaino?
ca?ia i?e cae?aii? a?iaeath . Aea ia oaoiieia?/ieo yeinoyo
eoeo?oaece oea ia iicia/aeiny. ?iceoneoaai?noue ca?ia ia aa??aioao
aeine?aeo ci?ithaaeany a iaaeao a?ae 86,6 aei 88,5 %. Aeo?ae aioiai?
i?iaeoeoe?? aeinyaaa 87-89%, a eiao?oe??io ca?eueoaiiy ia’?io – 19-22.
Ia’?iia iana aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? ia ia?aaeuoaaea 36-39 a/e.

?AAEOe?ss A?A?EAe?A IA AONOIOO NOIssIIss ?INEEI

A?iiao?e/i? iieacieee oa oioineioaoe/ia
ae?yeuei?noue ?ineei

Ca oaiiaie e?i?eieo oa aaaiaeo i?e?ino?a ?ineei aei oace 9-10 eenoe?a
?aiiueinoeaeee a?a?eae Aei?i?ianueeee 921OA aeaui aeia?aaeaeoaaa
a?a?eaee Aei?i?ianueeee298 oa Aei?i?ianueeee 925, a iio?i iinooiaany
?i.. Iaeneiaeueii? aenioe ?ineeie aeinyaaee i?e aonoio? noiyiiy ?o 75
oen./aa. – 206-187ni. O ?ic??aeaeaieo aei 30 oen./aa iin?aao aenioa
?ineei ia ia?aaeuoaaea 182- 201ni.

Iaeneiaeueia iana iaei??? ?ineeie aoea a ?ic??aeaeaieo iin?aao ?
aeinyaaea a?ae 380 a o ?aiiueinoeaeiai a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 921OA
aei 480 a o na?aaeiueinoeaeiai a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 925. ?c
i?aeaeuaiiyi aonoioe ?ineei ia eiaei? 15 oen./aa ciaioaiiy iane iaei???
?ineeie neeaaeaei a na?aaeiueiio 30a, ? i?e aonoio? noiyiiy ?ineei 75
oen./aa iana ?ineeie ia ia?aaeuoaaea 290-370a.

Iaeneiaeueia eenoeiaa iiaa?oiy iaei??? ?ineeie niinoa??aaeany ia
ae?eyieao c aonoioith noiyiiy ?ineei 30 oen./aa – 0,62-0,65 i2, a
i?i?iaeueia – 0,45-0,47 i2 – ia ae?eyieao c aonoioith ?ineei 75 oen./aa,
ca?eueooth/enue a?ae ?aiiueinoeaeeo aei na?aaeiueinoeaeeo a?a?eae?a.
Caaaeueia ieiua eenoe?a ia 1 aa aoea iaea?eueoith a caaouaieo aei 75
oen./aa iin?aao, aeinyaath/e o a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 921OA – 33,5,
a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 298 – 34,5, a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 925 – 35,5
oen.i2/aa. Oioineioaoe/iee iioaioe?ae eoeo?oaece ia ae?eyieao c
aonoioith ?ineei 60-75 oen./aa i?aeaeuoaaany a ii??aiyii? c ae?eyieaie,
aea aonoioa ?ineei aoea 30 oen./aa, ia 23-36 % ? neeaaeaa a?aeiia?aeii
3,4-3,9 iei i2 /aa- aei?a oa 2,5-2,6 iei i2/aa – aei?a.

O?iaeaei?noue ca?ia oa ?? no?oeoo?a

O?iaeaei?noue ?aiiueinoeaeiai a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 921OA aoea
iaea?eueoith 24,9 oe/aa i?e aonoio? noiyiiy ?ineei 60 oen./aa. O aieia?
?iee i?e oe?e aonoio? ?ineei aiia c?inoaea aei 28-29 oe/aa, a a
iinooeea? ciaiooaaeany aei 18-19 oe/aa. Ca?eueoaiiy aai ciaioaiiy
aonoioe ?ineei i?ecaiaeeei aei iaaeiai?o 5-8 oe/aa ca?ia. A?a?eaee
Aei?i?ianueeee 298 oa Aei?i?ianueeee 925 iaeneiaeueio a?iaeaei?noue
ca?ia – 26,6-28,0 oe/aa oi?ioaaee i?e aonoio? noiyiiy ?ineei 45 oen./aa
(oaae. 2 ).

Oaaeeoey 2

O?iaeaei?noue ca?ia ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece a caeaaeiino? a?ae
a?oie

noeaeino? a?a?eae?a oa aonoioe iin?ao,
oe/aa

A?a?eaeeAonoioa ?ineei, oen./aa

1996?.

1997?.

1998?.

1996-1998??.Aei?i?ianueeee
921OA3018.120.422.016.84523.828.918.923.96027.728.418.524.97517.328.712.
819.6Aei?i?ianueeee
2983021.826.021.723.24527.532.919.326.66026.032.017.025.07519.239.911.52
3.5Aei?i?ianueeee
9253022.025.119.822.34525.938.619.628.06022.735.515.324.57519.040.48.722
.7IN?05 aeey a?a?eae?a1.83.21.12.0aeey aonoioe ?ineei2.33.61.92.6

I?e i?aeaeuaii? aonoioe ?ineei oeeo a?a?eae?a aei 60 oen./aa
a?iaeaei?noue ca?ia cieaeoaaeany ia 1,6 – 3,5 oe/aa, a i?e
?ic??aeaeaii? iin?ao aei 30 oen./aa – ia 3,4 -5,7 oe/aa. Ci?ie
a?iaeaeiino? ca?ia aoee iia’ycai? c? ci?iaie ?iaeea?aeoaeueii?
i?iaeoeoeaiino? ?ineei. I?e caaouaii? iin?a?a aeiaaeeia iaeiiai ea/aia
ciaiooaaeany ia 4,5-5,2 ni, iana ea/ai?a – ia 21 – 28a. Aeo?ae ca?ia
eoeo?oaece aoa o iaaeao 78-82%. Iana 1000 ca?ai o ?aiiueinoeaeiai
a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 921OA aoea a?ae 143 a i?e aonoio? ?ineei 75
oen./aa aei 150 a i?e 30 oen./aa. O a?a?eae?a Aei?i?ianueeee 298 oa
Aei?i?ianueeee 925 aiia aoea ia 15-17a a?eueoith. Iaeiaioa aieia?noue
ca?ia i?e cae?aii? eoeo?oaece niinoa??aaeany a a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee
921OA – 18,9-19,4%. a iaea?eueoa – o a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 925 –
21-23%. Ci?ie aonoioe noiyiiy ?ineei ia noai aieiaino? ca?ia
eoeo?oaece nooo?ai ia aieeaaee.

Oaoiieia?/i? yeino? ca?ia

Ca?ii ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece iaaaaaoi ae??ai?oa, i?ae a?a?eae?a
e?ai’yienoiai oa coaiiiae?aiiai i?aeaeae?a. Iana 1000 ca?ai ??
eieeaaeany a iaaeao a?ae 143a aei 167a. Iniaeeai ae??aiei aiii aoei a
?aiiueinoeaeiai a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 921OA i?e aonoio? noiyiiy ?ineei
75 oen./aa – 142-144a, oiae? ye o a?a?eae?a Aei?i?ianueeee 298 oa
Aei?i?ianueeee 925 i?e o?e aea aonoio? ?ineei – 157-159a. O ?ac?
?ic??aeaeaiiy ?ineei c 75 oen./aa aei 30 oen./aa iana 1000 ca?ai
ca?eueooaaeany ia 6-10a . Ia’?iia iana ca?ia aeine?aeaeoaaieo a?a?eae?a
eieeaaeany a iaaeao a?ae 841a aei 862a, ca?eueooth/enue ?c caaouaiiyi
iin?a?a.

Iaea?eueoith ae??aiyi?noth ca?ia oa?aeoa?ecoaaany ?aiiueinoeaeee a?a?eae
Aei?i?ianueeee 921OA. Noia?iee no?ae aeaio iaea?eueoeo o?aeoe?e
(ae?aiao? a?/ie neoa 5 ii oa 6 ii) neeaaeaa 90,8-97,4%, oiae? ye o
a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 298 – 79,3-83,7%, a a a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee
925 – 76,4-79,7%. ?c caaouaiiyi iin?a?a c 30 aei 75 oen./aa o a?a?eaea
Aei?i?ianueeee 921OA ae??aiyi?noue ca?ia ca?eueooaaeany, a a a?a?eae?a
Aei?i?ianueeee 298 oa Aei?i?ianueeee 925 – ciaiooaaeany.

E?euee?noue ca?ai, ye? ia ?iceoneoaaeeny i?ney iaa??aaiiy, o a?a?eae?a
Aei?i?ianueeee 921OA neeaaeaea 12,8-13,4%, Aei?i?ianueeee 298 –
10,7-11,9%, Aei?i?ianueeee 925 – 5,7-9,1%. Aonoioa noiyiiy ?ineei ia
iieacieee ?iceoneoaaiino? ca?ia ?noioii ia aieeaaea. Aeo?ae aioiai?
i?iaeoeoe?? c aeine?aeaeoaaieo iaaaaeie ca?ia a?a?eae?a eoeo?oaece
neeaaeaa a?ae 86,6% aei 89,3%. Ia’?iia iana aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? ia
ia?aaeuoaaea 36-39a e ioe?ithaaeany ia aeia?a oa a?aei?iii. Eiao?oe??io
ca?eueoaiiy ia’?io i?iaeoeoe?? aoa – 19,2-21,2.

OI?IOAAIIss A?IAEATH CA?IA EOEO?OAeCE A

CAEAAEIINO? A?Ae IEIU? AEEAEAIIss

Oi?ioaaiiy eenoeiai? iiaa?oi? oa a?iiane ?ineei

Ieiua eenoe?a ia iaeeieoe? ieiu? iiey i?ioyaii aaaaoaoe?eiiai ia??iaeo
?iceonii? eoeo?oaece aecia/aeany, aieiaiei /eiii, aonoioith ?ineei. I?e
ca?eueoaii? e?eueeino? ?ineei ia aaeoa?? c?inoaea e ieiua eenoe?a.

I?e oe?ei? i?ae?yaeue 70ni i?aeaeuaiiy aonoioe noiyiiy ?ineei c 30
oen./aa aei 60 oen./aa i?ecaiaeeei aei ca?eueoaiiy ieiu? eenoe?a c 18,7
aei 29,5 oen. i2/aa ? aei ciaioaiiy eenoeiai? iiaa?oi? iaei??? ?ineeie
c 0,56-0,69 aei 0,42- 0,56 i2. I?e caoaeaii? i?ae?yaeue ia an?o
aa??aioao aeine?aeo niinoa??aaeany oaiaeaioe?y aei ca?eueoaiiy ieiu?
eenoy.

Caaaeueia c?inoaiiy eenoeiai? iiaa?oi? niinoa??aaeiny aei oace oea?o?iiy
ea/ai?a. I?e aonoio? noiyiiy ?ineei 30 oen./aa na?aaeiueiaeiaia?
i?e?inoe ieiu? eenoeiai? iiaa?oi? aeinyaaee 0,31-0,40 oen. i2/aa, o oie
/an ye i?e aonoio? ?ineei 60 oen./aa – 0,48-0,67 oen. i2/aa.
Iaeneiaeueii? ae aaee/eie eenoeiaa iiaa?oiy aeinyaaea a ia??iae a?ae
oea?o?iiy aieio? oa ea/ai?a aei iiei/iiai noaio ca?ia. Iaea?eueoa
eenoeiaa iiaa?oiy aoea ia ae?eyieao c aonoioith ?ineei 60 oen./aa
oa oe?eiith i?ae?yaeue 30-45ni ? neeaaeaea a e?ioe? /a?aiy 13,4-13,6
oen.i2/aa , o e?ioe? eeiiy – 30,9-31,7oen.i2/aa, a a na?aaeei? na?iiy –
21,6-23,2 oen. i2 /aa.

Caaouai? iin?ae i?e iaeiaeia?e ieiu? aeeaeaiiy cae?i/oaaee
eenoeiooai?aiiy aeaui ?ai?oa, i?ae ?ic??aeaeai? ,a a iin?aao c
i?ae?yaeaeyie 30-45 ni eenoeiaa iiaa?oiy ii/eiaea ciaiooaaoeny a
ii??aiyii? c iin?aaie ia 70ni ia 7-10 aei?a i?ci?oa. O caaouaieo
iin?aao c 30 aei 60 oen./aa ?ineei ieiua eenoe?a aoea a?eueoith, aea
/enoa i?iaeoeoeai?noue iaeiaioith. Na?aaeiueiaeiaia? i?e?inoe ne?i? iane
c i?aeaeuaiiyi aonoioe ?ineei ? ieiu? eenoy c?inoaee, aea iaiaeeiaeiai
a iin?aao c ??ciith oe?eiith i?ae?yaeue.

I?e aonoio? noiyiiy ?ineei 30 oen./aa na?aaeiueiaeiaia? iaaeaaaee iane
?ineei aoee, i?aeoe/ii, iaeiaeiaeie c iin?aaie , aea i?ae?yaeaey aoee
70ni e 45ni, ? neeaaeaee i?ioyaii /a?aiy 1,5-2,0a, eeiiy – 12-14a,
na?iiy – 1,0-1,5a ia ?ineeio aai 0,4-0,7, 3,5-4,0 ? 0,3-0,5 oe/aa.
I?e i?aeaeuaii? aonoioe ?ineei aei 45 e 60 oen./aa a?eueo ?ioaineaia
iaeiie/aiiy ne?i? iane a?aeaoaaeiny a iin?aao c i?ae?yaeaeyie 45ni.
Caaaeueia na?aaeiy iana iaei??? ?ineeie ii an?o aonoioao i?e oe?ei?
i?ae?yaeue 70ni o na?aaeei? na?iiy aeinyaaea 530a, a i?e oe?ei?
i?ae?yaeue 45ni – 550a, na?aaeiy iana ?ineei c 1aa – a?aeiia?aeii 237oe
? 244oe.

Aieea aonoioe ?ineei ? oe?eie i?ae?yaeue ia caao?’yiai?noue
iin?a?a

I?ney noiae?a ?ineeie ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece ?icaeaaeeny iia?eueii e
neeueii ca?inoaee ao?’yiaie. Ia ae?eyieao, ia yeeo i?iiiethaaiiy
iin?a?a ia i?iaiaeeee, e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a ia ii/aoeo aaaaoaoe??
eoeo?oaece aeinyaaea 728 oo. i2, o oie /an ye i?ney 2 – 3
i?iiiethaaiue – a?ae 30 aei 204 oo. i2. Ia?aae cae?aiiyi
eoeo?oaece -234-257 oo./i2 e 23-24oo./i2 ianith 1700a oa 100a
a?aeiia?aeii.

Aenioa ?ineei ia ae?eyieao c 2-3-o ?aciaei cieuaiiyi ao?’yi?a neeaaeaea
190ni, a i?e 4-5 ?aciaeo aeiiethaaiiyo – 195ni, oiae? ye aac
aeiiethaaiue – eeoa 110ni. I?e caaouaii? iin?a?a eoeo?oaece c 30 aei 60
oen./aa ?ineei e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a ia ii/aoeo aaaaoaoe?? eoeo?oaece a
iin?aao c oe?eiith i?ae?yaeue 60-70ni ciaiooaaeany ia 4-8 oo./i2, a a
iin?aao c i?ae?yaeaeyie 30-45ni – ia 10-12 oo./i2 Ia?aae cae?aiiyi
o?iaeath e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a a?ae caaouaiiy iin?a?a c 30 aei 60 oen./aa
i?e oe?ei? i?ae?yaeue eoeo?oaece 70ni ciaiooaaeany ia 9 oo./i2, ne?a
iana – ia 320a/i2, nooa iana – ia 70 a/i2, a a iin?aao c i?ae?yaeaeyie
30ni e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a ciaiooaaeany a 3 ?ace, a iana ao?’yi?a – o
1,8-2,2 ?ace. Iaeii/ania caaouaiiy iin?a?a aei 60 oen./aa e caoaeaiiy
i?ae?yaeue aei 30ni i?ecaiaeeei aei ciaioaiiy e?eueeino? ao?’yi?a o 10
?ac?a, a iane ?o – o 4,5 ?ace.

I?iaeoeoeai?noue ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece e o?i?/iee neeaae ca?ia

Iie?auaiiy oiia ?ici?uaiiy ?ineei eoeo?oaece ia ieiu? oeyoii caoaeaiiy
i?ae?yaeue nooo?ai i?aeaeuoaaei o?iaeaei?noue ca?ia eoeo?oaece a
ii??aiyii? ?c caaaeueiii?eeiyoith oe?eiith i?ae?yaeue(oaae.3).

Oaaeeoey 3

O?iaeaei?noue ca?ia ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece a caeaaeiino?

a?ae aonoioe noiyiiy ?ineei oa niinia?a n?aae, oe/aa

Oe?eia i?ae?yaeue, niAonoioa ?ineei, oen./aa

1996?.

1997?.

1998?.

1996-1998??.703022.024.919.622.24528.131.616.125.36026.332.013.724.06030
22.125.019.522.24528.332.416.025.66026.934.514.325.2453022.425.020.622.7
4529.333.717.726.96030.636.816.828.1303022.025.521.423.04530.735.020.928
.96032.539.419.630.5IN? 05 aeey oe?eie i?ae?yaeue1.12.61.11.6aeey
aonoioe ?ineei2.53.11.02.2Na?aaeiy a?iaeaei?noue ca?ia ia an?o aonoioao
i?e caoaeaii? i?ae?yaeue aei 60ni neeaaeaea 24,3 oe/aa, aei 45ni – 25,9
oe/aa, aei 30ni – 27,5 oe/aa, o oie /an ye i?e n?aa? eoeo?oaece c
i?ae?yaeaeyie 70ni – eeoa 23,8 oe/aa.

I?e caaaeueii i?eeiyoiio niinia? n?aae c i?ae?yaeaeyie 70ni i?aeaeuaiiy
aonoioe noiyiiy ?ineei c 30 aei 60 oen./aa caaacia/oaaei iaaeaaaee
a?iaeaeiino? ia ??ai? 1,8 oe/aa, i?e oe?ei? i?ae?yaeue 60ni – 3,0 oe/aa,
i?e 45ni – 5,4 oe/aa, i?e 30ni – 7,5 oe/aa.

Ci?ia oe?eie i?ae?yaeue c 70ni aei 30ni ni?e/eiyea aei ca?eueoaiiy
aeiaaeeie ea/ai?a ia 1,0-1,5ni, iane ?o – ia 5-10a, iane 1000 ca?ai –
ia 2-4a ? e?eueeino? ea/ai?a ia 100 ?ineeiao ia 7-12oo. Aeo?ae ca?ia
i?e iaiieio? ea/ai?a o caeaaeiino? a?ae oe?eie i?ae?yaeue e aonoioe
?ineei iaeaea ia ci?ithaaany. Caaaeuei? aeo?aoe aieiae ia oi?ioaaiiy
a?iaeath ca?ia ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece neeaaeaee a na?aaeiueiio a?ae 4350
aei 5080 i /aa. Iaea?eueo ?ioaineaii aiaea aeo?a/aeany i?e n?aa?
eoeo?oaece c i?ae?yaeaeyie 70ni. Na?aaei? noia?ia aiaeiniiaeeaaiiy
aeinyaaei ooo 4850 i /aa, oiae? ye i?e n?aa? eoeo?oaece c i?ae?yaeaeyie
45 ni – 4690 i /aa, 30ni – 4560 i /aa. C? ca?eueoaiiyi aonoioe ?ineei c
30 aei 60 oen./aa aiaeiniiaeeaaiiy i?aeaeuoaaeiny a na?aaeiueiio ia
450-500 i /aa. ??cia i?inoi?iaa ?ici?uaiiy e aonoioa noiyiiy ?ineei
?iceonii? eoeo?oaece iaiaeiaeiai iicia/aeeny e ia o?i?/iiio neeaae? oa
oaoiieia?/ieo yeinoyo ca?ia (oaae.4).

Oaaeeoey 4

O?i?/iee neeaae ca?ia ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece a caeaaeiino?

a?ae niiniao e aonoioe n?aae, % (1996-1998??.)

Oe?eia

i?ae?yaeue,

niAonoioa

?ineei,

ni

A?eie

AEe?

Ee?oei -aeia

Ciea

E?io-

iaeue703014.35.041.951.5468.04514.05.281.971.5767.56013.25.551.941.6367.
0303014.84.881.941.5868.84514.45.001.961.6067.76014.05.351.951.7767.3Oao
iieia?/i? iieacieee yeino? ca?ia aecia/aeeny a a?eueo?e i??? aonoioith
noiyiiy ?ineei ? a aeaui iaio?e – niiniaii n?aae.

AEIIII?*IA E A?IAIA?AAOE*IA AOAEOEAI?NOUe

AE?IUOAAIIss ?ICEONII? EOEO?OAeCE

O nenoai? ia?ia?oeo a?oioo iaeneiaeueiiai ??aiy aia?aaoe/i? aeo?aoe
aeinyaaee i?e i?iaaaeaii? iieeoeaai? i?aiee ia 20-22ni oa o?ueio
aeiiin?aieo eoeueoeaaoe?e – 4282 Iaeae/aa. Aeeeth/aiiy c oaoiieia??
ia?ia?oeo a?oioo iaei??? aeiiin?aii? eoeueoeaaoe?? i?ecaiaeeei aei
ciaioaiiy aeo?ao aia?a?? a na?aaeiueiio ia 20%, aeaio eoeueoeaaoe?e – ia
27%. Ieinei??cia ?icioooaaiiy a?oioo caaacia/oaaei cieaeaiiy
aia?aiaeo?ao ia 543 IAeae/aa, i?eeee ia?ia?oie a?oioo – ia 1626
IAeae/aa.

I?e n?aa? a?a?eae?a ??cieo a?oi noeaeino? c aonoioith noiyiiy ?ineei 30
oen./aa aia?aaoe/i? aeo?aoe ia i?eaeaaiiy ian?iiy neeaaeaee o
?aiiueinoeaeiai a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 921OA – 350 IAeae/aa, o
na?aaeiuei?aiiueiai a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 298 – ia 40, a a
na?aaeiueinoeaeiai a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 925 – ia 60 IAeae/aa iaioa.
Ca?eueoaiiy aonoioe noiyiiy ?ineei ia eiaei? 15 oen./aa oyaioei ca
niaith ca?eueoaiiy aeo?ao aia?a?? aeey oeeo a?a?eae?a a?aeiia?aeii ia
175, 155 oa 145 IAeae/aa.

Iaeneiaeueia iaeiie/aiiy aaeiai? aia?a?? – 174,3 oen. IAeae/aa a o?iaea?
ca?ia aoei a a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 921OA i?e aonoio? noiyiiy ?ineei
60oen./aa. O a?a?eae?a Aei?i?ianueeee 298 ? Aei?i?ianueeee 925
iaeneiaeueiee ai?no aia?a?? a ca?i? eoeo?oaece niinoa??aaany i?e aonoio?
noiyiiy ?ineei 45 oen./aa. I?e caoaeaii? i?ae?yaeue c 70ni aei 30ni i?e
aonoio? ?ineei 60 oa 45 oen./aa aia?aaoe/ia aoaeoeai?noue ae?iaieoeoaa
ca?ia oeeo a?a?eae?a ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece ca?eueooaaeany ia 14-19%, a
ianeiaeueiee ai?no aaeiai? aia?a?? aeinyaaa 170-214 IAeae/aa.

Oiiaii /enoee i?eaooie c 1aa iin?ao ca i?eeiyoeie a ?aa?ii? oaoiieia?yie
ae?iuoaaiiy ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece neeaaeaa a?ae 2,8 aei 3,1 oen.a?., a ca
?ic?iaeaiith iaie – 4,8-6,3 oen. a?.

Ca cai?iiiiiaaiith iaie noaiith ae?iuoaaiiy ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece
ciaiooaaeeny ia 39% ia o?eueee aia?aaoe/i? e iaoa??aeuei? aeo?aoe, aea e
ia 5,2 oe/aa i?aeaeuoaaeany a?iaeaei?noue ca?ia, ia 32,9 oen.IAeae/aa –
aeo?ae aaeiai? aia?a??, ia 17-25% ciaiooaaeany nia?aa?o?noue i?iaeoeoe??
e ia 34-48% i?aeaeuoaaeany ?aioaaaeuei?noue ae?iaieoeoaa. Eiao?oe??io
a?iaia?aaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? cai?iiiiiaaii? oaoiieia?? aeinyaaa 5,49 aai
aoa o 1,9 ?ac?a a?eueoei, i?ae ca cae/aeiith oaoiieia??th.

A E N I I A E E

1. A oiiaao Oe?a?ie, cie?aia a no?aeii? ?? /anoeie, ae?iaieoeoai
?iceonii? eoeo?oaece oi/ ? ia?niaeoeaia, aea /a?ac ia?ic?iaeai?noue
oaoiieia?? ?? ae?iuoaaiiy iaei?icaeiooa, o e?oa?aoo?? iaeiaena?oeaia.

2. Aeey oi?ioaaiiy ca?ia aenieeo oaoiieia?/ieo yeinoae iio?aaa a noi?
aoaeoeaieo oaiia?aoo? a oiiaao Eoaainueei? iaeano? a ?aiiueinoeaeiai
a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 921 OA neeaaeaea 1100-1150N, na?aaeiuei?aiiueiai
a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee 298 – 1200-1250N, na?aaeiueinoeaeiai a?a?eaea
Aei?i?ianueeee 925 -1300-1350N. O?eaae?noue aaaaoaoe?eiiai ia??iaeo
neeaaeaea a?aeiia?aeii 119-122, 127-130, 136-140 aei?a.

3. Niiniae iniiaiiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo – i?aiea ia 20-22ni, ieinei??cia
?icioooaaiiy ia 20-22ni oa i?eeee ia?ia?oie ia 10-12ni o ii?aeiaii? c
aeiiin?aieie eoeueoeaaoe?yie aeyaeyee ??ciee aieea ia aa?io?ce/i?
iieacieee oa i?e?ia?ieia?/io aeoeai?noue a?oioo. Canoinoaaiiy
a?oioicaoeniiai ieinei??ciiai ia?ia?oeo caaacia/oaaei a ii??aiyii? c
i?aieith e i?eeei ia?ia?oeii i?aeaeuaiiy a iin?aiiio oa i?iiio oa?ao
a?oioo ia 10-14ii i?iaeoeoeaii? aieiae, ia 2,5-3,5% – aa?iiii?/ii
oe?iieo aa?aaao?a, i?aeo?eieo iioeiaeueii?, ia ??ai? 1,23-1,3 a/ni .
u?eueiino? oa 13,9-23,5 a/ni2 oaa?aeino?, iaeneiaeueii?, ia ??ai?
85-90%, oeaetheici?iceeaaeath/i? aeoeaiino? a?oioo.

4. I?iaaaeaiiy o?ueio aeiiin?aieo ? aeaio i?ae?yaeieo eoeueoeaaoe?e oa
n?aaa eoeo?oaece a na?aaeei? o?aaiy caaacia/oaaee ia o?eueee cieaeaiiy
iioaioe?eii? caao?’yiaiino? a?oioo a 1,3-3,9 ?ac?a, a e e?eueeino? oa
iane ao?’yi?a ii i?aioe? a 2,3 oa 9-11 ?ac?a, ii ieinei??ciiio
?icioooaaiith – o 2,3 oa 8-11 ?ac?a, ii i?eeiio ia?ia?oeo a?oioo – o 2,3
oa 6-9 ?ac?a.

5. Ii?aeiaiiy iniiaiiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo ia 20-22ni c o?ueiia
aeiiin?aieie eoeueoeaaoe?yie oa a?aeno?i/eith ia 15-20 aei?a n?aae
?iceonii? eoeo?oaece i?ecaiaeeei aei nei?i/aiiy aaaaoaoe?eiiai ia??iaeo
?? ia 13-14 aei?a, aei ca?eueoaiiy eenoeiai? iiaa?oi? ia 1,5-4,0 oen.
i2/aa oa oi?ioaaiiy iaeneiaeueii? – 25,9 oe/aa a?iaeaeiino? ca?ia i?e
iaee?aueo oaoiieia?/ieo iieacieeao. Ae??aiyi?noue ca?ia neeaaeaea
88-89%, ia’?iia iana 839-853 a/e, e?euee?noue ia?iceoniooeo ca?ai ia
ia?aaeuoaaea 12,7-13,4%, eiao?oe??io ca?eueoaiiy ia’?io aeinyaaa 20-21.

6. Aonoioa noiyiiy ?ineei ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece aecia/aeany
ii?oia?ieia?/ieie iniaeeainoyie a?a?eae?a oa oiiaaie aieiaicaaacia/aiiy.
Iioeiaeueia ii?aeiaiiy a?iiao?e/ieo iieaciee?a ?inoo e ?icaeoeo ?ineei,
aeaiaio?a no?oeoo?e o?iaeath oa iaeneiaeueia, ia ??ai? 26,6-28,0 oe/aa,
o?iaeaei?noue ca?ia niinoa??aaeeny a ?aiiueinoeaeiai a?a?eaea
Aei?i?ianueeee 921OA i?e aonoio? noiyiiy ?ineei 60 oen./aa,
na?aaeiuei?aiiueiai oa na?aaeiueinoeaeiai a?a?eae?a Aei?i?ianueeee 298
oa Aei?i?ianueeee 925 – i?e 45 oen./aa.

7. Caoaeaiiy oe?eie i?ae?yaeue c 70 aei 30ni i?e ae?iuoaaii? eoeo?oaece
c aonoioith noiyiiy ?ineei 45-60 oen./aa caaacia/oaaei oi?ioaaiiy
iaeneiaeueii? (35-36 oen./aa) eenoeiai? iiaa?oi? e oioineioaoe/iiai
iioaioe?aeo (1,2-1,6 iei.i2-aei?a/aa). Ia oaeeo iin?aao c?inoaea ia
19-28% ina?oeai?noue eenoe?a, ia 12-18 aei?a iiaeiaaeoaaany ia??iae ?o
?iaioe, ca ?aooiie ciaioaiiy a 10 ?ac?a e?eueeino? e o 4,5 ?aco iane
ao?’yi?a iie?iooaaeiny caaacia/aiiy aiaeith e iiaeeaieie ?a/iaeiaie.
O?iaeaei?noue ca?ia aeinyaaea 28-30oe/aa e a?eueoa.

8. O?i?/iee neeaae ca?ia ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece aecia/aany a?iaaiaoe/ieie
iniaeeainoyie a?a?eae?a oa oiiaaie ?o ae?iuoaaiiy. Ai?no a?eea a ca?i?
eoeo?oaece ci?ithaaany a?ae 13,2 aei 14,8 %, aee?o – a?ae 4,88 aei 5,55
%, ciee – a?ae 1,54 aei 1,77 %, e?ioiaeth – a?ae 67,0 aei 68,8 %.

9. I?e ae?iuoaaii? ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece ca cai?iiiiiaaiith oaoiieia??th
o?iaeaei?noue ca?ia aeinyaaea 28-31 oe/aa, aeo?ae aaeiai? aia?a?? – 202
oen. IAeae/aa, a aeo?aoe noeoiii? aia?a?? a ii??aiyii? c i?eeiyoith
oaoiieia??th cieaeoaaeeny ia 23,5 oen. IAeae/aa.

?AEIIAIAeAOe?? AE?IAIEOeOAO

A oiiaao i?aaeaiiiai noiaeo Oe?a?ie aeey caaacia/aiiy 28-30 oeaa
ca?ia, aenieeo oaoiieia?/ieo yeinoae oa aoaeoeaiino? ae?iaieoeoaa
?iceonii? eoeo?oaece aa?ioaoi?/iee eiiieaen ae?iuoaaiiy iiaeiai
oeeth/aoe: in?iith i?aieo aai ieinei??cia ?icioooaaiiy a?oioo ia
20-22ni, ?aiiueiaaniyia ai?iioaaiiy oa 2-3 aeiiin?ai? eoeueoeaaoe?? c
a?aeno?i/aiith aei ae?oai? iieiaeie o?aaiy n?aaith, oe?eio i?ae?yaeue
30-45ni, aonoioo noiyiiy ?ineei ?aiiueinoeaeiai a?a?eaea Aei?i?ianueeee
921OA 60 oen./aa, na?aaeiuei?aiiueiai e na?aaeiueinoeaeiai a?a?eae?a
Aei?i?ianueeee 298 oa Aei?i?ianueeee 925 – 45 oen./aa. Aeey ai?ioueae c
ao?’yiaie aeioe?eueii i?iaiaeeoe aei- oa i?neynoiaeia? ai?iioaaiiy.

NIENIE I?AOeUe, IIOAE?EIAAIEO CA OAIITH AeENA?OAOe??

1.Eiiiiey I.?.,Iane?eia N.A. ?iceonia eoeo?oaeca ia Noiae?
Oe?a?ie.-Eoaainuee.: Oeyo.-1999.-154n.

2. Aeieia?/ii aacia/i? oaoiieia?/i? i?iaeoe ae?iuoaaiiy oa?/iai?
eoeo?oaece a oiiaao Aeiiaano/ I.?.Eiiiiey, N.?.Eaiono?i, A.I.?aoooaiei,
N.A.Iane?eia, I.TH.Iaoeae, I.I.Eiiiiey.- Eoaainuee.: ?onue.-1998.- 8n.

3. Ianeeaa N.A.. Eiiiiey I.E. Iniiaiay ia?aaioea ii/au a nayce n
aanaiiae ia?aaioeie e n?ieaie naaa eiiathuaeny eoeo?ocu // Ca. iaoe.
i?aoeue Eoaainueeiai aea?ae. aa?a?iiai oi?aa?. (n.-a iaoee).-
Eoaainuee.: ?onue.- 1999.-? 4(12).- N.52-55

4. Iane?eia N.A. Iniaeeaino? ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie a iin?aao ?iceonii?
eoeo?oaece // Ca. iaoe. i?aoeue No?aeiioe?a?inueeiai aea?ae. oi?aa?.
“Eoeo?oaeca oa?/iaa oa ei?iiaa”.- Eoaainuee.: NOAeO.-1999.- N.42-48.

5. Eiiiiey I.?., Iane?eia N.A. Aonoioa n?aae ?iceonii? eoeo?oaece// Ca.
iaoe. i?aoeue No?aeiioe?a?inueeiai aea?ae. oi?aa?. “Eoeo?oaeca oa?/iaa
oa ei?iiaa”.- Eoaainuee.: NOAeO.- 1999.- N. 49-53.

6. Eiiiiey I.?., Iane?eia N.A. Niiniae n?aae oa aonoioa noiyiiy ?ineei
?iceonii? eoeo?oaece // Athe.?inoeoooo ca?iiaiai ainiiaea?noaa.-
Aei?i?iiao?ianuee.- 1999.- ? 10.- N.55-61.

Iane?eia N.A. A?ieia?/i? iniaeeaino? e aoaeoeai?noue ae?iuoaaiiy
?iceonii? eoeo?oaece a i?aaeaiii-no?aei?e /anoei? Oe?a?ie.- ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 06.01.09 –
?ineeiieoeoai.- ?inoeooo ca?iiaiai ainiiaea?noaa OAAI,
Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, 1999.

Aeena?oaoe?y i?enay/aia ieoaiiyi oaoiieia?? ae?iuoaaiiy ?iceonii?
eoeo?oaece a oiiaao i?aaeaiiiai noiaeo Oe?a?ie. Oia?oa aeey ?aa?iio e
Oe?a?ie ?ic?iaeaia aeieia?/ii aacia/ia oaoiieia?y ae?iuoaaiiy ?iceonii?
eoeo?oaece c o?aooaaiiyi a?ieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae i?aeaeaeo oa iiaeo
a?a?eae?a. Aeey iaea?aeaiiy noaa?eueieo ? aenieeo o?iaea?a ca?ia
?iceonii? eoeo?oaece aac canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeae?a iaiao?aeii aen?aaoe
a?a?eaee Aei?i?ianueeee 298 oa Aei?i?ianueeee 925 c aonoioith noiyiiy
?ineei 45 oen./aa oa oe?eiith i?ae?yaeue 30-45ni. No?iee n?aae – 2-3
aeaeaaee o?aaiy. Ia?ia?oie a?oioo iiaeiai neeaaeaoeny c i?aiee ia
20-22ni oa 3-o aeiiin?aieo eoeueoeaaoe?e. Oaea oaoiieia?y caaacia/oaaea
a?iaeaei?noue ca?ia ia ??ai? 35-40 oe/aa i?e iaeiaioeo iaoa??aeueieo oa
aia?aaoe/ieo aeo?aoao. Oiiaii-/enoee i?eaooie aeinyaaa 4,8-6,3 oen. a?.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: ?iceonia eoeo?oaeca, a?a?eaee, ??no, ?icaeoie, ia?ia?oie
a?oioo, no?iee n?aae, aonoioa noiyiiy ?ineei, oe?eia i?ae?yaeue.

Masliyov S.V. Biological features and effectiveness of pop-corn cropping
technology in the south- cast part of Ukraine.- The Manuscript.

The thesis submitted for the award of the scientifie degree of the
Candidate of agricultural sciences in specialiti 06.01.09.- Plant
Industri.- The UAAS Institute of Grain Farming, Dnepropetrovsk, 1999.

The thesis is dedicated to problems of pop-corn cropping technology in
conditions of the south – east of Ukraine. For the first time for Region
and Ukraine the ccological seeure technology of pop-corn cropping with
an allowance for biological features of subspecies and new hybrids is
developed. It is necessary to sow the hibrids Dneprovsky 298 and
Dneprovsky 925 with planting densiti of 45000 plant/ha fnd with row
widths 0.30-0.45m for receiving stable and high grain yields of pop-cjrn
without application of herbicides. 2-3 decades of May should de as terms
of sowing. The soil tillage should consist from ploughing on depth
20-22cm and 3 presowing cultivation. Such technology tnsured to receive
the grain yield at a level 3.5-4.0 t/ha at the minimum material and
power costs. The conditional net return reached 4800-6300 UAII.

Keywords: pop-corn, hybrids, growth, development, soil tillage, terms jf
sowing, hlanting densiti, row width.

Ianeeaa N.A. Aeieiae/aneea iniaaiiinoe e yooaeoeaiinoue aicaeaeuaaiey
eiiathuaeny eoeo?ocu a thai-ainoi/iie /anoe Oe?aeiu.-?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa
naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 06.01.09 –
?anoaieaaiaenoai.- Einoeooo ca?iiaiai oicyenoaa OAAI.- Aeiai?iiao?iane,
1999.

Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia aii?inai oaoiieiaee aicaeaeuaaiey eiiathuaeny
eoeo?ocu a oneiaeyo thai-ainoiea Oe?aeiu. Onoaiiaeaii, /oi i?e
ioaaeueiie e aacioaaeueiie ia?aaioea ii/au ia 20-22ni a n?aaiaiee n
iaeeie ia?aaioeie ia 10-12ni neeaaeuaaeenue aieaa aeaaii?eyoiua
aiaeiua, oece/aneea naienoaa e iee?iaeieiae/aneea i?ioeannu a iae.
I?iaaaeaiea 2-3 aeiiinaaiuo eoeueoeaaoeee e iinaa eoeo?ocu ai aoi?ie
iieiaeia iay a n?aaiaiee n iaeiie aeiiinaaiie eoeueoeaaoeeae e naaa aa a
eiioea ai?aey-ia/aea iay iaania/eaaei iaiueooth cani?aiiinoue iinaaia,
iioeiaeueiua oneiaey ?inoa e ?acaeoey e, eae neaaenoaea,
iaeneiaeueioth, ia o?iaia 25-29 oe/aa, o?iaeaeiinoue ca?ia eiiathuaeny
eoeo?ocu.

Ii eioaineaiinoe ?inoa e ?acaeoey ?anoaiee aea?eae Aeiai?ianeee 921OA
iia?aaeae aea?eaeu Aeiai?ianeee 298 e Aeiai?ianeee 925.
I?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoue aaaaoaoeeiiiiai ia?eiaea ninoaaeyea niioaaonoaaiii
119-120 e 132-133 aeiy. Iaeneiaeueiay o?iaeaeiinoue ca?ia o aea?eaea
Aeiai?ianeee 921OA – 24,9oe/aa iaaethaeaeanue i?e aonoioa noiyiey
?anoaiee 60 oun./aa, a o aea?eaeia Aeiai?ianeee 298 e Aeiai?ianeee 925 –
26,6-28,0oe/aa – i?e aonoioa ?anoaiee 45 oun./aa. Oaaee/aiea eee
oiaiueoaiea aonoiou ?anoaiee ia eaaeaeua 15 oun./aa i?eaiaeeei e
nieaeaieth o?iaeaeiinoe ca?ia ia 1,6-5,7 oe/aa.

Auoiae aioiaie i?iaeoeoeee o eniuooaiuo aea?eaeia aeinoeaae 87-89%,
iauaiiay ianna – 36-39 a/e, eiyooeoeeaio oaaee/aiey iauaia – 19,2 –
21,2, eiee/anoai iaaci?aaiiuo ca?ai ia i?aauoaei 5,7-13,4%.

Noaeaiea iaaeaeo?yaeee n 70 aei 30ni i?eaiaeeei ia oieueei e
oiaiueoaieth cani?aiiinoe iinaaia, ii e oaaee/aieth eenoiaie
iiaa?oiinoe, iannu ii/aoeia e 1000 ca?ai, eiee/anoaa ii/aoeia ia 100
?anoaieyo, nieaeaieth ?anoiaea aiaeu ia aaeeieoeo o?iaeay.

O?iaeaeiinoue ca?ia eiiathuaeny eoeo?ocu i?e iaeiia?aiaiiii oaaee/aiee
aonoiou noiyiey ?anoaiee n 30 aei 60 oun./aa e noaeaiee iaaeaeo?yaeee n
70 aei 30ni aeinoeaaea a n?aaeiai ca 1996-1998aa. 29-31 oe/aa.

I?aaeeaaaaiua i?eaiu au?aueaaiey eiiathuaeny eoeo?ocu iaania/eaaee ia
oieueei oiaiueoaiea ia 39% aia?aaoe/aneeo e iaoa?eaeueiuo cao?ao, ii e
iiauoaiea o?iaeaeiinoe ca?ia ia 5,2 oe/aa, auoiae aaeiaie yia?aee – ia
32,9 oun.IAeae/aa, iiauoaiea ?aioaaaeueiinoe i?iecaiaenoaa ia 34-48%,
nieaeaiea naaanoieiinoe i?iaeoeoeee ia 17-25%.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: eiiathuayny eoeo?oca, aea?eaeu, ?ino, ?acaeoea,
ia?aaioea ii/au, n?iee naaa, aonoioa noiyiey ?anoaiee, oe?eia
iaaeaeo?yaeee.

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