.

Вивчення алгебри і початків аналізу в професійно-технічних училищах в умовах впровадження освітнього стандарту: Автореф. дис… канд. пед. наук / О.Є.

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IAOe?IIAEUeIEE IAAeAAIA?*IEE OI?AA?NEOAO

?IAI? I. I. Ae?AAIIAIIAA

Aieyinueea Ieaia ?aaai??aia

OAeE 372.51

AEA*AIIss AEAAA?E ? II*AOE?A AIAE?CO A

I?IOAN?EII – OAOI?*IEO O*EEEUAO A OIIAAO

AI?IAAAeAEAIIss INA?OIUeIAI NOAIAeA?OO

13.00.02 – oai??y oa iaoiaeeea iaa/aiiy iaoaiaoeee

Aaoi?aoa?ao aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa iaaeaaia?/ieo iaoe

Ee?a – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia a Iaoe?iiaeueiiio iaaeaaia?/iiio oi?aa?neoao? ?iai? I.I.
Ae?aaiiaiiaa, I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie, i. Ee?a.

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? iaaeaaia?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?

AO?AeA IEOAEEI ?AAIIAE*

?inoeooo iaaeaaia?ee AII Oe?a?ie, canooiiee aee?aeoi?a.

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,
/eai-ei?aniiiaeaio IAI Oe?a?ie

ssAe?AIEI IEOAEI EINEIIAE*,

Iaoe?iiaeueiee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea, i?ioani? eaoaae?e
oai??? ?iia??iinoae ? iaoaiaoe/ii? noaoenoeee;

eaiaeeaeao iaaeaaia?/ieo iaoe

OeEAOEUeNUeEA AAEEIA IEEIEA?AIA,

?inoeooo iaaeaaia?ee ? ineoieia?? i?ioan?eii? ina?oe AII Oe?a?ie,
noa?oee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee, a/aiee nae?aoa?.

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: E??iaia?aaenueeee aea?aeaaiee iaaeaaia?/iee
oi?aa?neoao ?iai? A.Aeiie/aiea, eaoaae?a ?ioi?iaoeee, I?i?noa?noai
ina?oe Oe?a?ie, i. E??iaia?aae.

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “28 ” aa?aniy 1999 ?., i 15 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae26.053.03 a Iaoe?iiaeueiiio
iaaeaaia?/iiio oi?aa?neoao? ?iai? I.I. Ae?aaiiaiiaa, (252601, Ee?a, aoe.
Ie?iaiaa, 9).

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? Iaoe?iiaeueiiai
iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? I.I. Ae?aaiiaiiaa, (252601, Ee?a, aoe.
Ie?iaiaa, 9).

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “27” na?iiy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee ______________ EI?OAE ?.A.

1

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy. I?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ia ina?oa ?
iaa?ae’?iiith /anoeiith ia?iaeiiainiiaea?nueeiai eiiieaeno ? nenoaie
iaia?a?aii? ina?oe a aea?aeaa?. A Eiioeaioe?? Aea?aeaaiiai noaiaea?oo
i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ii? ina?oe oa Caeii? Oe?a?ie “I?i i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/io
ina?oo” a?aoiaaii a?o/eciyiee aeina?ae i?aeaioiaee eaae?o?eiaaieo
?ia?oie/eo eaae??a o i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo iaa/aeueieo caeeaaeao,
aeina?ae ?icaeoeo i?ioan?eii? ina?oe a ia??iae ?aoi?ioaaiiy aeiiii?ee o
e?a?iao No?aeii? oa Oeaio?aeueii? ?a?iie, a oaeiae aeina?ae e?a?i c
?icaeiaiith ?eieiaith aeiiii?eith.

?iaioa i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo iaa/aeueieo caeeaae?a aaciina?aaeiuei
caeaaeeoue a?ae iaa/aeueii-aeoiaiiai i?ioeano caaaeueiiina?oi?o oe?e,
oiio iaia’yceiai o?aaa a?aoiaoaaoe Eiioeaioe?th aea?aeaaiiai noaiaea?oo
caaaeueii? na?aaeiuei? ina?oe a Oe?a?i? ? i?iaeo ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo
c iaoaiaoeee.

Iaoa iaoaiaoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee a na?aaei?e i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/i?e oeie? –
ia eeoa caaacia/eoe a?aeiia?aeiee ??aaiue ciaiue, iaae/ie ? oi?iue c
iaoaiaoeee aeey iaea?aeaiiy caaaeueii? na?aaeiuei? ina?oe, a ? noai?eoe
ia?aaeoiiae aeey aea/aiiy, ye caaaeueiiina?oi?o i?aaeiao?a (o?ceea,
o?i?y, ?ioi?iaoeea), oae ? caaaeueiioaoi?/ieo oa niaoe?aeueieo
i?aaeiao?a, ae?iaie/i? i?aeoeee ? iaeaooiuei? i?aeoe/ii? ae?yeueiino?.

Eo?n iaoaiaoeee aeey na?aaeiuei? ? aeui? i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ii? oeiee
aeioe?eueii aoaeoaaoe ca iiaeoeueiei i?eioeeiii. Oea icia/a?, ui aeey
eiaeiiai iaa/aeueiiai caeeaaeo ci?no i?ia?aie iiaeiai neeaaeaoeny c
aeaio /anoei – ?iaa??aioii?, iaia’yceiai? aeey an?o( ina?oi?e noaiaea?o)
oa aa??aoeaii? /anoeie. Inoaiiy yaey? niaith iaa?? oai (iiaeoe?a), a
yeiio aeeeaaea/ naiino?eii a?aeae?a? i?ioan?eii-cia/ouee iaoa??ae, ui
caaacia/o? iio?aae i?aeaioiaee eaae?o?eiaaiiai ?ia?oieea iaaiiai
i?io?eth.

Niaoeeo?eith iaa/aiiy iaoaiaoeee a na?aaei?o IOO ? ia?o ca ana cia/ia
iaiaeii??aei?noue o ??ai? iaoaiaoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee ca eo?n iniiaii?
oeiee o/i?a, ye? i?eeoee a o/eeeua i?ney cae?i/aiiy ye i?nueeeo, oae ?
n?euenueeeo oe?e. Oiio ia?oi/a?aiaei caaaeaiiyi aeeeaaea/a ?
ae?aaiinoeea iaa/aiino? ? iaoaiaoe/iiai ?icaeoeo o/i?a ia ia?oeo oeaeiyo
caiyoue.

No?aoaa??th iaa/aiiy a o/eeeuao ?c na?aaeiueith ina?oith caeeoa?oueny
aca?iica’ycie caaaeueiiina?oiuei? ? i?ioan?eii? i?aeaioiaee. Iiaee
i?aeo?ae o ?ica’ycaii? oe??? i?iaeaie iieyaa? a oiio, ui ci?noiaa
ii?aeiaiiy a?aeiia?aeieo oeeee?a aeenoeeie?i aeinyaa?oueny
i?io?ethaaiiyi i?aaeiao?a i?e?iaeie/i-iaoaiaoe/iiai oeeeeo, iaiiaiaiiy
?oiueiai ci?noo i?ioan?eii-cia/ouei iaoa??aeii.

Oaia aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy noino?oueny iaoiaee/ii? nenoaie
aea/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co a NIOO a oiiaao ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo.

2

C?iaeaiee iaie aiae?c ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/ii? ? iaoiaee/ii? e?oa?aoo?e
na?ae/eoue i?i oa, ui ?ic?iaoe? caaaeueiei ieoaiiyi iaa/aeueii-aeoiaii?
?iaioe a NIOO, a oaeiae ?ic?iaoe? oai?aoe/ieo aniaeo?a i?iaeaie aoee
i?enay/ai? ?iaioe N. ss. Aaoeoaaa, A.I.A?ey?aa, I.O. Aieueaeiaia, I.N.
Aeoa?i/oe, A.N. Aooi?iaa, A.I. Aaiaeaee, ?. N. Ao?aae/a, I.?. Iaoiooiaa.

Aaoeoaa N.ss., iai?eeeaae, aena?oeth? nooi?noue eiioeaioe?? i?ioan?eii?
ni?yiiaaiino? ye iaci?iia caa?aaeaiiy aeeeaaeaiiy iniia iaoe a oiio ae
aaciaiio ianyc?, ye oea ia? i?noea a caaaeueiiina?oi?e oeie?, aea c
o??th ??cieoeath, ui ?iaeoueny niaoe?aeueiee aeoeaio ia iiaeeea?noue
canoiniaoaaoe ciaiiy, iaae/ee ? ai?iiy c iaoaiaoeee i?e iiaioaaii?
eiie?aoieie i?ioan?yie.

??ci? aniaeoe a?aeai?o caaea/ i?ioan?eiiai ni?yioaaiiy aeey o/i?a
i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo o/eeeu aeine?aeaeoaaee O.I.Aeueioeia, A.I. Aa?iai,
A.I. Ai?eiaaoeueea, I.I. Ieoaeeiaa, I.N. I?eiea?aa, E.A. Iacaea?eeiaa,
Naiaiiaa ?.I., I.I.Oa?aoei,A.I. Oeeaoeuenueea, ?.I. Oai??i oa ?i.

Aeine?aeaeaiith i?iaeaiai iaoiaeeee aeeeaaeaiiy aeaaa?e oa ii/aoe?a
aiae?co o oeie? ? na?aaei?o i?ioan?eieo iaa/aeueieo caeeaaeao aoee
i?enay/ai? ?iaioe O.I. Ie?eiee, I.?.?eieiaa, ?.O.Nao??, ?.I.Naiaiiai?,
E.I. Nieieaiei oa ?i.

Uiaei aiae?co noaio iaoaiaoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee o/i?a, oi a?i ? ia
nueiaiaei? caeeoa?oueny iecueeei. I?i oea na?ae/eoue aiae?c
ae?aaiinoe/ieo eiio?ieueieo ?ia?o, ye? i?iaiaeeeeny ia ii/aoeo
iaa/aeueiiai ?ieo. C a?eueo?noth caaaeaiue eiio?ieueii? ?iaioe ia
ni?aaeeenue 77% o/i?a. ?acoeueoaoe eiio?ieueieo ?ia?o ia caaa?oaeueiiio
aoai? na?ae/aoue i?ioa, ui ??aaiue oni?oiino? ? iaoaiaoe/iiai ?icaeoeo
ia iaaaaaoi e?aua ii/aoeiaiai. Oiio aeieea? iaiao?aei?noue iineeaiiy
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaii? i?aeaioiaee o/i?a o a?aeiia?aeiino? c ?o
iiaeeeainoyie ? ?ioa?anii aei i?aaeiaoo.

Aieaooaaiiy aeeeaaea/?a NIOO iieacaei, ui aiie a?ae/oaathoue cia/i?
o?oaeiiu? naia a ?aae?caoe?? i?eeeaaeii? oa i?ioan?eii? ni?yiiaaiino?
iaa/aiiy iaoaiaoeee oa a cae?eniaii? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy.
Aeeeaaea/? nea?aeaoueny ia a?aenooi?noue iaoiaee/ieo ?ic?iaie ?c
cacia/aieo i?iaeai. Oe? oaeoe na?ae/aoue i?i iaiao?aei?noue
niaoe?aeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue oa ?ic?iaee iaa/aeueii? ? iaoiaee/ii?
e?oa?aoo?e aeey o/i?a ? a/eoae?a c a?aeiia?aeiiai iaoa??aeo.

A no/anieo oiiaao noa? iaiao?aeiei oaeineiiaeaiiy ?nioth/iai ci?noo
eo?no aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co, eiai a?aeiia?aeia no?oeoo?oaaiiy ?
noai?aiiy oaei? nenoaie aea/aiiy oai?aoe/iiai iaoa??aeo ? ?ica’ycoaaiiy
nenoaie caaea/, ye? a a?aeiia?aeaee aeiiaai aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy ia
iniia? ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo, i?noeee i?ioan?eii-cia/ouee iaoa??ae.
O?aaa aecia/eoe i?noea ? ?ieue iiaeo ?ioi?iaoe?eieo oaoiieia?e iaa/aiiy
o i?ioean? iaa/aiiy aeaaa?e oa ii/aoe?a aiae?co ? ?ic?iaeoe iaoiaeeeo ?o
aeei?enoaiiy.

Ona cacia/aia na?ae/eoue i?i aeooaeuei?noue i?iaeaie aeena?oaoe?eiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy, yea

3

iieyaa? a ?ic?iaoe? iaoiaeeee iaa/aiiy o/i?a na?aaeiuei?
i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ii? oeiee aeaaa?e oa ii/aoe?a aiae?co a oiiaao
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo oa ??aiaai? aeeoa?aioe?aoe??
iaa/aiiy.

Ia’?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy – i?ioean iaa/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co
o/i?a i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo iaa/aeueieo caeeaae?a.

I?aaeiao aeine?aeaeaiiy – iaoiaee/ia nenoaia aea/aiiy aeaaa?e oa
ii/aoe?a aiae?co a na?aaei?o IOO a oiiaao ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ina?oiueiai
noaiaea?oo ? ??aiaai? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy.

Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy – ?ic?iaeoe iaoiaee/io nenoaio iaa/aiiy aeaaa?e ?
ii/aoe?a aiae?co, yea caaacia/oaaea a iaoaiaoe/io i?aeaioiaeo o/i?a ia
??ai? no/anieo aeiia aei iaoaiaoe/ii? ina?oe ? i?ioan?eii? i?aeaioiaee.

A iniiao ?iai/i? a?iioace iieeaaeaii i?eiouaiiy i?i oa, ui ?ic?iaea
iaoiaeeee aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co o/i?a
i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo iaa/aeueieo caeeaae?a ia iniia? ina?oiueiai
noaiaea?oo c iaoaiaoeee ni?eyoeia i?aeaeuaiith yeino?, ye
caaaeueiiina?oiuei?, oae ? i?ioan?eii? i?aeaioiaee o/i?a, i?aeaeuaiith
?o ?ioaeaeooaeueiiai ??aiy.

Iaoa ? a?iioaca aeine?aeaeaiiy iaoiiaeee iaiao?aei?noue ?ica’ycaiiy
oaeeo caaaeaiue:

1. I?iaiae?coaaoe ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/io, iaa/aeueii-iaoiaee/io
e?oa?aoo?o oa iayaiee noai iaa/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co o/i?a
na?aaei?o i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo iaa/aeueieo caeeaaeao.

2. Ia iniia? no/anieo aeiia aeyaeoe iaiao?aei? oiiae ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
aea?aeaaiiai noaiaea?oo ? oeyoe cae?eniaiiy ??aiaai? aeeoa?aioe?aoe??
iaa/aiiy.

3. ?ic?iaeoe o a?aeiia?aeiino? c iaoith e caaaeaiiyi aeine?aeaeaiiy
iaoiaee/io nenoaio iaa/aiiy o/i?a NIOO aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co.

4. Aenia?eiaioaeueii ia?aa??eoe aoaeoeai?noue ?ic?iaeaii? iaoiaee/ii?
nenoaie oa aianoe aei ia? iaiao?aei? ei?aeoeae.

Aeey ?ica’ycaiiy iinoaaeaieo caaaeaiue aeei?enoaii oae? iaoiaee
aeine?aeaeaiiy:

oai?aoe/i? – nenoaiiee aiae?c ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/ii? oa
iaa/aeueii-iaoiaee/ii? e?oa?aoo?e c i?iaeaie aeine?aeaeaiiy, aiae?c
iaa/aeueieo i?ia?ai i?ae?o/iee?a oa iaoiaee/ieo iin?aiee?a, aiae?c oa
ia?iaea ?acoeueoao?a iaaeaaia?/iiai aenia?eiaioo;

aii??e/i? – niinoa?aaeaiiy, aieaooaaiiy o/i?a oa aeeeaaea/?a,
oanooaaiiy, aan?aee c aeeeaaea/aie oa o/iyie, aea/aiiy oa ocaaaeueiaiiy
ia?aaeiaiai aeina?aeo aeeeaaea/?a i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ii? oeiee, aeina?aeo
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy eiii’thoa?ii? oaoi?ee o iaa/aeueiee i?ioean,
iaaeaaia?/iee aenia?eiaio, nenoaiaoecaoe?y oa ocaaaeueiaiiy oaeoe/iiai
iaoa??aeo aeine?aeaeaiiy.

4

Iaoiaeieia?/iith iniiaith aeine?aeaeaiiy ? oai??y i?ciaiiy, nenoaiiee,
eiiieaeniee i?aeo?ae oa eiioeaioe?y iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino? (A.A.
Aeaaeaeia, Ae.A.Aeueeii?i, I.I.E?iioueaa, N.E. ?oa?iooaei), iaoiae
oe?oiiaiiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo iaeeieoeue canai?iiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo
(I.I. A?aei??a), eiioeaioe?y oi?ioaaiiy ?icoiiaeo ae?e oeiey??a (I. ss.
Aaeueia??i, A.N. Einothe, I.O. Oaeec?ia), oai??y ?icaeaath/iai iaa/aiiy
? ?icaeoeo ?icoiiaeo cae?aiinoae (A.I. E?ooaoeueeee, E.A. Caieia, C.?.
Eaeieeiaa, ?.N. sse?iainueea), aeine?aeaeaiiy i?i ?ieue caaea/ o
oi?ioaaii? ciaiue ? oi?iue oa iaoaiaoe/iiai ?icaeoeo o/i?a (I.?. Ao?aea,
A.I. Aaac, I.N. Aeoa?i/oe, TH.I. Eieya?i, Ae. Iiea, C.?. Ne?ieaiue, E.I.
O??aeiai), ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue a?o/eciyieo oa ca?oa?aeieo
aeeaeaeo?a, ineoieia?a ? iaoiaeeno?a i?i caeiiii??iino? iaa/aeueiiai
i?ioeano, i?i nooi?noue i?aai?caoe?? ?ioaineaiiai iaa/aiiy, no/ani?
eiioeaioe?? ?icaeoeo iaoaiaoe/ii? ina?oe oa i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ii? ina?oe
a Oe?a?i?, iniiai? iieiaeaiiy Caeiio Oe?a?ie “I?i ina?oo” oa Aea?aeaaii?
iaoe?iiaeueii? i?ia?aie “Ina?oa” (Oe?a?ia CCI noie?ooy).

Iaoeiaa iiaecia aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? a ?ic?iaoe?, oai?aoe/iiio ?
aenia?eiaioaeueiiio iaa?oiooaaii? iaoiaeeee iaa/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a
aiae?co a na?aaei?e i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/i?e oeie? a oiiaao ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo c iaoaiaoeee, ??aiaai? oa i?io?eueii?
aeeoa?aioe?aoe??; aecia/aii? ? iaa?oiooaaii? nenoaie aeiia aei aea/aiiy
oai?aoe/iiai iaoa??aeo, i?eioeei?a a?aeai?o ??cii??aiaaeo ai?aa c
a?aooaaiiyi ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo oa i?ioan?eii? ni?yiiaaiino?
iaa/aiiy.

Oai?aoe/ia cia/aiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? a ooi/iaii? iiiyooy
“i?ioan?eia ni?yiiaai?noue” noiniaii aea/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a
aiae?co a na?aaei?o IOO; aeae?eaii? ??ai?a iaa/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a
aiae?co; ooi/iaii? e?eoa???a noi?iiaaiino? ciaiue ? oi?iue a oiiaao
aeinyaiaiiy iaia’yceiaeo ?acoeueoao?a iaa/aiiy ? i?aeaeuaiiio ??ai?;
aecia/aii? aeiia aei i?aai?caoe?? ni?ai?aoe? aeeeaaea/a ? o/i?a a oiiaao
??aiaai? aeeoa?aioe?aoe??; ?ic?iaoe? iiaeae? iaoiaee/ii? nenoaie
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o/i?a aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co ia iniia?
aea?aeaaiiai ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iieyaa? a ?ic?iaoe? ? aenia?eiaioaeuei?e ia?aa??oe?
iaoiaee/ii? nenoaie iaa/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co o/i?a a oiiaao
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo ? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy.
Cai?iiiiiaai? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? aeeeaaea/aie
iaoaiaoeee i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ii? oeiee i?e i?aai?caoe?? ? i?iaaaeaii?
iaa/aeueii? ?iaioe. ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy aoaeooue ei?eni?
iaoiaeenoai iaaeaaia?/ieo aoc?a ? ?inoeooo?a oaeineiiaeaiiy a/eoae?a,
nooaeaioai ? aaoi?ai iaa/aeueieo oa iaoiaee/ieo iin?aiee?a. ?aea?,
?ic?iaeai? a aeena?oaoe?? iiaeooue aeei?enoiaoaaoeny ? aeeeaaea/aie
?ioeo aeenoeeie?i.

A??ia?aei?noue iaoeiaeo ?acoeueoao?a ? aeniiae?a aeena?oaoe?eiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy caaacia/aia iaoiaeieia?/iith iaa?oioiaai?noth eiai
aeo?aeieo oai?aoe/ieo iieiaeaiue, a?aeiia?aei?noth

5

iaoiae?a aeine?aeaeaiiy eiai iao? ? caaaeaiiyi; ?acoeueoaoaie ia?iaee
ye?nieo ? e?euee?nieo aeaieo aenia?eiaioaeueiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy.

Ai?iaaoe?y oa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy
cae?enithaaeeny o i?ioean? aenia?eiaioaeueiiai iaa/aiiy iaoaiaoeee o
o?ueio na?aaei?o i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo o/eeeuao i?noa Ee?aa (?3, ?11,
?17) ia i?ioyc? 1997-1999 ?ie?a. Iniiai? ?aea? ?iaioe oa i?aenoiee ??
ai?iaaoe?? iaaiai?thaaeeny ia iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo,
Anaoe?a?inueeiio nai?ia?? oa can?aeaiiyo eaoaae?e iaoaiaoeee oa
iaoiaeeee aeeeaaeaiiy iaoaiaoeee IIO ?iai? I.I. Ae?aaiiaiiaa o 1997-1999
?ieao, ia can?aeaiiyo iaoiaee/iiai ia’?aeiaiiy aeeeaaea/?a iaoaiaoeee
i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo o/eeeu i?noa Ee?aa (1997-1998 ??.).

Iniiaiee ci?no aeena?oaoe?? a?aeia?aaeaii a ?iaioao [1-5].

Ia caoeno aeiinyoueny:

1. Oai?aoe/i? iieiaeaiiy i?i oiiae ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aea?aeaaiiai
ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo c iaoaiaoeee a na?aaei?e i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/i?e
oeie?, ??aiaai? oa i?io?eueii? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy.

2. Iaoiaee/ia nenoaia iaa/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co, yea
a?aeiia?aea? no/aniei aeiiaai aei iaoaiaoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee o/i?a
i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo o/eeeu.

No?oeoo?a oa ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa neeaaea?oueny ?c
anooio, aeaio ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaieo e?oa?aoo?ieo
aeaea?ae (194 iaeiaioaaiue ianyaii 18 noi??iie), aeiaeaoe?a (3 aeiaeaoee
ianyaii 17 noi??iie). Iniiaiee ci?no aeena?oaoe?? aeeeaaeaii ia 175
noi??ieao iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo ? i?noeoue 11 oaaeeoeue, 43 ?enoiee.
Iiaiee ianya aeena?oaoe?? noaiiaeoue 210 noi??iie.

INIIAIEE CI?NO AeENA?OAOe??

O anooi? iaa?oioiaaii aeooaeuei?noue ia?aii? oaie, aecia/aii ia’?eo,
i?aaeiao, iaoo, a?iioaco, caaaeaiiy ? iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy; ?ice?eoi
iaoeiao iiaecio, oai?aoe/ia ? i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy,
a??ia?aei?noue iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a; iiaeaii a?aeiiino? i?i
ai?iaaoe?th; noi?ioeueiaaii iieiaeaiiy, ye? aeiinyoueny ia caoeno.

Ia?oee ?icae?e “I?aaeiao ? oai?aoe/i? iniiae i?iaeaie aeine?aeaeaiiy”
neeaaea?oueny c /ioe?ueio i?ae?icae?e?a.

O ia?oiio i?ae?icae?e? “Iaoa, caaaeaiiy oa no?oeoo?oaaiiy ci?noo
iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo c eo?no aeaaa?e oa ii/aoe?a aiae?co ia iniia?
i?iaeoo ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo c iaoaiaoeee a oiiaao aeeoa?aioe?aoe??
iaa/aiiy “ ?icaeyiooi iaoo oa caaaeaiiy aea/aiiy eo?no aeaaa?e ?
ii/aoe?a aiae?co a NIOO ii a?aeiioaiith aei ?iaa??aioii? /anoeie;
iiaeaii no?oeoo?o i?ia?aie c i???ioiaiith e?euee?noth aiaeei ia eiaeio
oaio; cai?iiiiiaaii no?oeoo?o i?ia?aie c i???ioiaiith e?euee?noth aiaeei
ia eiaeio oaio; cae?eniaii no?oeoo?oaaiiy ci?noo iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo
o a?aeiia?aeiino? ?c cai?iiiiiaaiith i?ia?aiith. Ca iaeeieoeth

6

no?oeoo?oaaiiy ia?aii iaa/aeueio oaio.

Uiaei aa??aoeaii? /anoeie ci?noo iaa/aeueii? i?ia?aie, oi i?ae iath ie
?icoi??ii, ia?o ca ana, i?aeneeaiiy iaa/aeueieo oai ? aeaiaio?a ciaiue
i?ioan?eii cia/oueo aeey o/i?a oa aeeth/aiiy aeaiaio?a ciaiue,
iaiao?aeieo aeey caaacia/aiiy aea/aiiy caaaeueiioaoi?/ieo oa
niaoe?aeueieo i?aaeiao?a, iaeaooiuei? i?ioan?eii? ae?yeueiino?.
Iai?eeeaae, aeey niaoe?aeueiinoae aeaeo?ioaoi?/ieo oa ?aae?ioaoi?/ieo
iaiao?aeia a?eueo oe?iea aea/aiiy aa?iii?/ieo eieeaaiue, iiaoaeiae
a?ao?e?a neeaaeaieo o?eaiiiiao?e/ieo ooieoe?e; aeey i?ioan?e o?ainii?oo
iio??aii iieacaoe ??ciiiai?oia canoinoaaiiy ?ioaa?aeo aeey ?ica’ycoaaiiy
caaea/ ae?iaie/iai ? aeiiii?/iiai ci?noo.

Aeey ?aae?caoe?? i?aei?aaeiaoieo ca’yce?a o?aaa ?icoe?eoe ? iiaeeaeoe
aea/aiiy i?ioeaioieo ?ic?aooie?a ? iaaeeaeaieo ia/eneaiue.

O i?ae?icae?e? 1.2 i?iaaaeaii aiae?c iaoeiai?, iaa/aeueii-iaoiaee/ii?
e?oa?aoo?e c i?iaeaie aeine?aeaeaiiy oa no/aniiai noaio iaoaiaoe/ii?
ina?oe o/i?a na?aaeiuei? i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ii? oeiee, i?iaaaeaii aiae?c
aeena?oaoe?e, i?enay/aieo ??ciei aniaeoai oe??? i?iaeaie, ae?th/eo
oe?eueieo i?ae?o/iee?a c aeaaa?e oa ii/aoe?a aiae?co, iaoiaee/ieo
iin?aiee?a oa ca??iee?a caaea/, a yeeo aena?oeaii iaai? ieoaiiy
?icaeyaeoaaii? i?iaeaie.

I?iaaaeaiee aiae?c iieacaa, ui aeiaaee /an aoee a?aenooi? niaoe?aeuei?
i?ae?o/ieee c iaoaiaoeee ?, cie?aia c aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co aeey
o/i?a NIOO. Aia?oa oaeee iaa/aeueiee iin?aiee aeeoia o 1992 ?ioe?. A
iueiio ia?aaeaa/aia aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y, ye oai?aoe/iiai iaoa??aeo, oae ?
nenoaie caaea/ ? ai?aa. I?ioa i?ioan?eia ni?yiiaai?noue i?ae?o/ieea
caeeoa? aaaeaoe e?auiai. Aea ?aae?caoe?y i?ioan?eii? ni?yiiaaiino? –
oea ni?aaa nei??oa aeeeaaea/a, ine?eueee aaoi?ai iaa/aeueiiai iin?aieea
aaaeei caaacia/eoe i?ioan?eio ni?yiiaai?noue aeey aaeeei? e?eueeino?
i?ioan?e.

Aiae?c iaoeiai-iaoiaee/ii? e?oa?aoo?e iieacaa, ui a i?e, ye i?aaeei,
a?aenooiy ?ic?iaea i?iaeaie aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy o/i?a na?aaeiuei?
i?ioan?eii? oeiee, neaai ?ic?iaeaia i?iaeaia ?aae?caoe?? i?ioan?eii?
ni?yiiaaiino? aeey ie?aieo a?oi i?ioan?e.

O anooi? aaea eoea iiaa i?i ??aaiue iaoaiaoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee o/i?a NIOO
ca ?acoeueoaoaie eiio?ieueieo ?ia?o oa aieaooaaiiy.

O i?ae?icae?e? 1.3 “Ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/i? iniiae ??aiaai?
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy a na?aaei?o IOO oa caniae ae?aaiinoeee ??aiy
iaa/aiino? oa iaoaiaoe/iiai ?icaeoeo o/i?a na?aaei?o IOO” caa?oa?oueny
oaaaa ia ?iaeea?aeoaeuei? iniaeeaino? o/i?a NIOO. Na?aae ieo ? cia/ia
e?euee?noue o/i?a c iecueeei ??aiai iaa/aiino?, iao/oaaiino? ?
caaaeueiiai ?icaeoeo. Aeey ieo oa?aeoa?ia ianoi?iiaai?noue ia iaeaaeiiio
??ai? caaaeueieo (aiae?c, neioac, ii??aiyiiy, aano?aaoaaiiy,
ocaaaeueiaiiy, anoaiiaeaiiy ? aeei?enoaiiy aiaeia?e, eeaneo?eaoe?e),
niaoeeo?/ieo ?icoiiaeo ae?e oa i?eeii?a ?icoiiai? ae?yeueiino?.

7

O neaai i?aeaioiaeaieo o/i?a o ?yae? aeiaaee?a iayaiee ?ic?ea i?ae
iai/ieie aaiiao?e/ieie ? aiae?oe/ieie eiiiiiaioaie iaoaiaoe/iiai
ieneaiiy. I?e oeueiio iaiao?aeii a?aoiaoaaoe ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue
ineoieia?a uiaei oeiieia?? ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo a?aei?iiinoae o/i?a. A
inoaii?o aeine?aeaeaiiyo anoaiiaeaia iaea?eueo ocaaaeueiaia oeiieia?y
/a?ac ?icaeyae ?iaeea?aeoaeueii? no?aoaa?? ia?a?iaee ?ioi?iaoe??.

Aeae?eythoueny aeaa iniiaieo niiniae eiaeoaaiiy ?ioi?iaoe??: aa?aaeueiee
? ia?aciee. A oai??? iiaea?eiiai eiaeoaaiiy aoa ?ic?iaeaiee ?
aeiaaaeaiee oaeo ia?aciiai eiaeoaaiiy ne?a o aeayeeo ethaeae. Oe?
aeniiaee aeacothoue ia iaiao?aei?noue aiae?co ? ia?aaoaeiae iaa/ath/iai
i?ioeano c a?aooaaiiyi oi?ie iaoa??aeo, ineoieia?/ii eiioi?oii? aeey
o/i?a.

Iniiaith eeaneo?eaoe?? iaa/aiino? ? noaiaea?oiee oe?eueiee oano
?icoiiaiai ?icaeoeo. I?e oeueiio aeyaeeinue ei?eniei canoinoaaiiy
i?aaeiaoieo oano?a /ioe?ueio ??ai?a, ye? aeine?aeaeoaaa A.I.
Aaniaeueei.

Ana oea na?ae/eoue i?i oa, ui i?iaeaie ae?aaiinoeee ? ??aiy iaa/aiino?,
iaoaiaoe/iiai ?icaeoeo noathoue iniaeeai aeooaeueieie, ye ia ii/aoeiaiio
aoai? aea/aiiy, oae ? ia i?ioyc? anueiai ia??iaeo, ?, cae/aeii, ia
caaa?oaeueiiio aoai?. Oea aeanoue iiaeeea?noue ia o?eueee aeeeaaea/o, a
? naiei o/iyi aa/eoe aeeiai?eo noaio iaa/aiiy oa iio?aae i?aeneeaiiy
oaaae aei aea/aiiy oai?aoe/iiai iaoa??aeo, oi?ioaaiiy iaae/ie ? oi?iue.

O i?ae?icae?e? 1.4 ?icaeyioo? oeyoe oa caniae ?aae?caoe?? i?ioan?eii?
ni?yiiaaiino? eo?no aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co. I?ioan?eia
ni?yiiaai?noue i?aeneeth? iioeaaoe?th aea/aiiy aeaaa?e oa ii/aoe?a
aiae?co. Iaea?eueo aoaeoeaieie oeyoaie ?? ?aae?caoe?? ? ?ic’yniaiiy
cia/aiiy oai?aoe/iiai iaoa??aeo a i?ioan?ei?e i?aeaioiaoe? ?, iniaeeai,
aeeth/aiiy i?ioan?eii-ni?yiiaaiiai iaoa??aeo a iiaoaeiao nenoaie caaea/
? ai?aa.

Ei?enieie aeyaeeeny a?ia?i? o?iee ? i?aai?caoe?ei? ca’ycee.
I?aai?caoe?eii-iaoiaee/i? ca’ycee aea/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co c
aea/aiiyi caaaeueiioaoi?/ieo ? niaoe?aeueieo i?aaeiao?a iiaeooue aooe
i?aaenoaaeai? o aeaeyae? noaie, yea a?aeia?aaea? oa?aeoa? iaiao?aeii?
?iaioe ? aeaiiino?o? iine?aeiai?noue ?? aeeiiaiiy.

Ae?oaee ?icae?e “Iaoiaee/ia nenoaia aea/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co”
neeaaea?oueny c oanoe i?ae?icae?e?a.

Ia?oee c ieo i?enay/aiee iiaoi?aiith a?eoiaoe/iiai ? aeaaa?a?/iiai
iaoa??aeo ca eo?n iniiaii? oeiee ii iniiaieo ci?noiaeo e?i?yo, iaoa
yeiai iaaaaeaoe ? i?eaanoe a nenoaio ciaiiy ? iaae/ee ae?e iaae
aeiaeaoieie ? a?ae’?iieie /eneaie, cae/aeieie ae?iaaie, ia?aoai?aiiy
oe?eeo ? ae?iaiaeo ae?ac?a, ?ica’ycoaaiiy ??aiyiue ? ia??aiinoae.
Eiinoaooth/ee oa oi?ioth/ee aenia?eiaio iieacaa, ui iniaeeai? oaaae
caneoaiao? iiaoi?aiiy i?ioeaio?a oa iaaeeaeaieo ia/eneaiue, ye?
ciaoiaeyoue oe?iea canoinoaaiiy o noi?aeieo i?aaeiaoao.

Iaoa i?aai?caoe?? oaeiai iiaoi?aiiy iiaea?eia: onoiooe i?iaaeeie a
ciaiiyo, iaae/eao ? ai?iiyo o/i?a, ye? iathoue neaaeo iaoaiaoe/io
i?aeaioiaeo ? caaacia/eoe na?aeiia aeei?enoaiiy aaciaiai iaa/aeueiiai
iaoa??aeo i?e aea/aii? eo?no aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co.

I?e oeueiio c iaoith ?ioaineo?eaoe?? a?eueo aeeaieiai ona?aeiieaiiy
aaea, caeaaaeinue ae, a?aeiiiai o/iyi iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo aoaeoeaiei
aeyaeeinue aeei?enoaiiy aiaeia?e ? i?aaenoaaeaiiy a?aeiia?aeieo
oaaeeoeue (cae/aei? oa aeaaa?a?/i? ae?iae, ??aiyiiy ? ia??aiino? oa
?i.). Oaeiae cia/io aeiiiiiao o/iyi a ocaaaeueiaii? iaa/aeueiiai
iaoa??aeo ii iacaaieo ci?noiaeo e?i?yo iaaeaee iii?i? oaaeeoe?, ye?
oni?oii aeei?enoiaothoue a/eoae? – iiaaoi?e A.I. ??aeaaoeaaa, A.O.
Oaoaeia. Aanue iaa/aeueiee iaoa??ae ie iaiaaaeeny iia’ycoaaoe c
i?ioan?eii-cia/oueie aeey o/i?a caaea/aie.

O i?ae?icae?e? 2.2 “I?aai?caoe?y oa iaoiaeeea aea/aiiy oai?aoe/iiai
iaoa??aeo” i?iaaaeaii eia?ei-aeeaeaeoe/iee aiae?c i?ia?aiiiai iaoa??aeo
eo?no aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co c iaoith ioe?iee eiai neeaaeiino? aeey
ni?eeiaiiy o/iyie ? c’ynoaaiiy iiaeeeaeo iaoiae?a, oi?i ? cania?a eiai
aea/aiiy, caa?iooi oaaao ia iine?aeiai?noue aea/aiiy ooieoe?e a eo?n?
aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co.

?aeiiaiaeo?oueny caa?oaoe oaaao ia iioeaaoe?th iaa/aiiy i?e aaaaeaii?
iiaeo iiiyoue, aeei?enoaiiy aeai?eoi?/iiai i?aeoiaeo, noai?aiith
i?iaeaiieo neooaoe?e.

Ui noino?oueny iiaoi?aiiy, ?icoe?aiiy ? iiaeeaeaiiy a?aeiiinoae i?i
ooieoe??, ye? aea/aeeny a eo?n? aeaaa?e, oi ie ii/eiaee c iueiai
aea/aiiy eo?no aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co. Oaea iiaoi?aiiy ia?aaeoaaei
aea/aiith o?eaiiiiao?e/ieo ooieoe?e. O ca’yceo c iiaoaeiaith a?ao?e?a
neeaaeaieo ooieoe?e oeyoii aaiiao?e/ieo ia?aoai?aiue aeyaeeany ei?eniith

9

eiii’thoa?ia i?aeo?eiea.

A oeueiio i?ae?icae?e? iaaaaeaii i?eeeaae eiioeaio?iaaiiai iaa/aiiy, ye
iiai? oaoiieia?? iaa/aiiy c oaie “O?eaiiiiao?e/i? ooieoe?? /eneiaiai
a?aoiaioo” oa iaoiaeeeo aea/aiiy oaie “A?aieoey ooieoe??, iaia?a?ai?noue
ooieoe??”.

Uiaei aea/aiiy ie?aieo, a ia an?o oai eo?no aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co
aeyaeeinue iaea?eueo aaeaeei canoinoaaiiy eaeoe?eii-i?aeoe/ii? nenoaie
iaa/aiiy, yea aea? ciiao oaeaeei ? eiiiaeoii aea/eoe oai?aoe/iee
iaoa??ae ? i?eae?eeoe a?eueoa iaa/aeueiiai /ano eiai canoinoaaiith aei
?ica’ycoaaiiy ??ciiiai?oieo caaea/ ? ai?aa. Ooo ? oe?iea iiaeeea?noue
aeei?enoaoe i?ioan?eio ni?yiiaai?noue, ye i?e iioeaaoe?? aea/aiiy
oai?aoe/iiai iaoa??aeo, oae ? i?e ?ica’ycoaaii? caaea/ ? ai?aa.

O i?ae?icae?e? 2.3 ?icaeyaeathoueny aeiiae aei nenoaie ai?aa, ?
iaoiaeeea iaa/aiiy o/i?a ?o ?ica’ycaiith, caa?oa?oueny oaaaa ia ooieoe??
caaea/ o iaa/aii?, ia aeiiae aei i?eeeaaeieo caaea/. O aeine?aeaeaii?
i?aaenoaaeaii nenoaio ai?aa ia o?ueio ??aiyo: aea?aeaaiiai noaiaea?oo,
i?aeaeuaiiio ? iiaeeaeaiiio, aeae?eythoueny oae? aeaee ai?aa: ia
ia/eneaiiy, ia aeiaaaeaiiy, aeine?aeaeaiiy ? iiaoaeiao oa ia?aoai?aiiy
ae?ac?a, a?ao?e?a ooieoe?e, ?ica’ycoaaiiy ??ciiai aeaeo ??aiyiue,
ia??aiinoae oa ?o nenoai.

Uiaei oi?i i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino? ii ae?iaeaiith ai?iue
ie aaaaea?ii iaea?eueo ei?eniith aeey i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ii? oeiee
o?iioaeueio oa ?iaeea?aeoaeueio oi?ie ?iaioe ia o?ioe?. I?e/iio
noi?iiaai?noue oi?iue caeaaeeoue, ianaiia?aae, a?ae oiai, iane?eueee
iiaii a i?ioean? iaa/aiiy a?aoiaothoueny ??ai? iaoaiaoe/ii? ae?yeueiino?
o/i?a. Oi?ioaaiiy iaoaiaoe/ieo oi?iue aoaeoeaia, yeui aeeth/a? o?e
iniiai? aoaie: i?aeaioia/i–iioeaaoe?eiee, iia?aoe?eii – i?ciaaaeueiee,
?aoeaeneaii – ioe?ii/iee.

I?ae?icae?e 2.4 “Nenoaia eiio?ieth ciaiue, iaae/ie oa oi?iue c aeaaa?e
oa ii/aoe?a aiae?co o/i?a i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ii? oeiee” i?enay/aiee
?icaeyaeo ooieoe?e, oi?i ? aeae?a eiio?ieth.

Aoaeoeaieie aeyaeeeny aeey aeei?enoaiiy oae? oi?ie eiio?ieth, ye
?iaeea?aeoaeueia, a?oiiaa oa o?iioaeueia.

C’yniaai? iaaeie?ee o?aaeeoe?eieo aeae?a eiio?ieth iaa/aiiy, ia?aaaae
iiaeoeueii-?aeoeiaiai? nenoaie iaa/aiiy oa eiio?ieth oni?oiino?,
ine?eueee aanue i?ia?aiiee iaoa??ae aoa ?icaeoee iaie ia iiaeoe?.

O i?ae?icae?e? 2.5 “?ieue iiaeo ?ioi?iaoe?eieo oaoiieia?e iaa/aiiy a
i?aeaeuaii? aoaeoeaiino? aea/aiiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo” ?icaeyiooi
iiaeeeaino? aeei?enoaiiy iaa/ath/i? i?ia?aie GRAN1 i?e aea/aii? oaie
“Iiaoaeiaa a?ao?e?a ooieoe?e ca aeiiiiiaith aaiiao?e/ieo ia?aoai?aiue”,
a oaeiae ?ica’ycoaaii? caaea/ i?ioan?eii ni?yiiaaiiai ci?noo.

Canoinoaaiiy iaa/ath/i? i?ia?aieGRAN1 aeiiiiaaa? cae?enithaaoe
?iaeea?aeoaeueiee i?ae

10

o?ae i?e aea/aii? aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co, i?iieeiooe ana?aaeeio
aeine?aeaeoaaieo i?ioean?a, i?iaiaeeoe ia/enethaaeuei? aenia?eiaioe oa
aeine?aeaeoaaoe iaei?ino?o? iaoaiaoe/i? iiaeae?.

Inoaii?e i?ae?icae?e ae?oaiai ?icae?eo i?enay/aiee i?aai?caoe??,
i?iaaaeaiith iaaeaaia?/iiai aenia?eiaioo oa aiae?co eiai ?acoeueoao?a.

Aenia?eiaioaeueia ia?aa??ea iniiaieo iieiaeaiue aeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy
i?iaiaeeeany ai?iaeiaae o?ueio ?ie?a (1997-1999 ??.). I?ae /an
aeine?aeaeaiiy iaea?aeai? ?acoeueoaoe iaiaeii?aciai aiae?coaaeeny,
iaoiaeeea ooi/ithaaeany, aiineeeny a?aeiia?aei? ei?aeoeae.

Aenia?eiaio cae?enithaaany ia ia?oeo oa ae?oaeo eo?nao NIOO i?noa Ee?aa
(NIOO ? 17, NIOO ? 11 oa aeua NIOO ? 3). A iueiio i?eeiaee o/anoue 450
o/i?a. O eiaeiiio iaa/aeueiiio caeeaae? aoei aeae?eaii aenia?eiaioaeueio
? eiio?ieueio a?oie.

Aenia?eiaioaeueia aeine?aeaeaiiy neeaaeaeinue c o?ueio aoai?a.

Ia ia?oiio aoai? i?iaiaeeany eiinoaooth/ee aenia?eiaio, iaoa yeiai aoea
anoaiiaeoe ??aaiue noi?iiaaiino? ai?iue o/i?a ?ica’ycoaaoe ai?aae oa
aieiae?iiy iniiaiei oai?aoe/iei iaoa??aeii.

Iaie aoee aeae?eai? iniiai? oai?aoe/i? iieiaeaiiy, noi?ioeueiaaii iaoo,
a?iioaco ? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy, aoee ?ic?iaeai? aenia?eiaioaeuei?
iaoa??aee c on?o oai eo?no aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co, neeaaeai?
eiio?ieuei? ?iaioe. Aeeeaaea/? o/eeeu aoee iciaeiieai? c iniiaieie
iieiaeaiiyie aeine?aeaeaiiy.

Ia oeueiio aoai?, yeee ?icii/aany o 1997 ?ioe? aoei i?iaaaeaii
aieaooaaiiy aeeeaaea/?a NIOO noi?aeieo i?aaeiao?a c iaoith c’ynoaaiiy
ieoaiiy i?i oa, ye? aeaiaioe iaoaiaoe/ieo ciaiue aeei?enoiaothoueny i?ae
/an iaa/aiiy. I?ae /an aieaooaaiiy aoei c’yniaaii, ui /ano?oa ca ana
aeei?enoiaothoueny o noi?aeieo i?aaeiaoao iaaeeaeai? ia/eneaiiy,
i?iii?oe?? oa i?ioeaioe, ??aiyiiy, iio?aeia oa ?? canoinoaaiiy. ?io?
aeaiaioe iaoaiaoe/ieo ciaiue aeeth/athoueny o i?ioean iaa/aiiy aeoaea
??aeei. Iai?eeeaae aeeoa?aioe?aeuei? ??aiyiiy, o?eaiiiiao?e/i?
ia??aiino? cian?i ia aeei?enoiaothoueny.

Ia ae?oaiio aoai? aoei i?iaaaeaii oi?ioth/ee aenia?eiaio, yeee
cae?enithaaany ia i?ioyc? aeaio iaa/aeueieo ?ie?a (1997-1998 ??.,
1998-1999 ??.).- ai?iaaoe?y ?ic?iaeaii? iaoiaeeee aea/aiiy aeaaa?e oa
ii/aoe?a aiae?co, aianaiiy iaiao?aeieo ei?aeoea o ?ic?iaeaio iaoiaeeeo.

?ic?iaeaio iaoiaee/io nenoaio aoei cai?iiiiiaaii aeey iciaeiieaiiy
aeeeaaea/ai, ye? i?iaiaeeee aenia?eiaio. Aeey i?iaaaeaiiy oi?ioth/iai
aoaio aenia?eiaioo aoei ?ic?iaeaii :

1) iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei iiaoi?aiiy iniiaieo oai eo?no

aeaaa?e iniiaii? oeiee;

2) canoinoaaiiy iiaeoeueiiai iaa/aiiy oa ?aeoeiaiaiai eiio?ieth aei
aea/aiiy iniiaieo oai eo?no aeaaa?e oa ii/aoe?a aiae?co;

11

3) nenoaia caaea/ c i?ioan?eiith ni?yiiaai?noth;

4) iaoiaee/i? aeac?aee aei ?ica’ycoaaiiy aeayeeo caaea/;

5) iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei aeei?enoaiiy I?O i?e aea/aii? ie?aieo
oai eo?no oa ?ica’ycoaaiiy iaaieo oei?a caaea/ nenoaie.

6) iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe??, ye? noinothoueny oi?ioaaiiy ?icoiiaeo ?
i?aeoe/ieo ae?e oa i?eeii?a ?icoiiai? ae?yeueiino?, aieiae?iiy yeeie
iio??aii o/iyi i?e ?ica’ycoaaii? i?eeeaaeieo caaea/. Iai?eeeaae:
ocaaaeueiaiiy, aano?aaoaaiiy, i?eeii aiae?c /a?ac neioac.

Ia o?aoueiio eiio?iethth/iio aoai? ?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaioaeueiiai
iaa/aiiy ooi/ithaaeeny, nenoaiaoecoaaeeny ? ocaaaeueithaaeeny. O
i?ioean? aenia?eiaioo ia oeueiio aoai? ?ic?iaeyeeny oai?aoe/i? ?
i?aeoe/i? aeniiaee oa ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? aeey aeeeaaea/?a NIOO oa
iaoiaeeno?a. Oeae aoai cae?enithaaany ia i?ioyc? 1998-1999 ??.

I?ioyaii aeaiiai i?ii?aeeo /ano aoei i?iaaaeaii i’youe eiio?ieueieo
?ia?o. Iaea?aeai? ?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaioaeueii? ia?aa??ee aeicaieythoue
c?iaeoe oae? aeniiaee:

?ic?iaeaia iaoiaee/ia nenoaia aea/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co
o/i?a NIOO iiceoeaii aieeaa? ia ye?noue canai?iiy o/iyie iaa/aeueiiai
iaoa??aeo a oiiaao ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy ia iniia?
ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo;

iaiiaiaiiy iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano caaea/aie c i?ioan?eiith
ni?yiiaai?noth, i?aeaeuo? ?ioa?an aei iaa/aiiy;

oni?oiiio aea/aiith eo?no aeaaa?e oa ii/aoe?a aiae?co a NIOO ni?ey?
aeei?enoaiiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo iaoa??ae?a ? iiaeo ?ioi?iaoe?eieo
oaoiieia?e;

I?iaaaeaiee aenia?eiaio i?aeoaa?aeea a??ia?aei?noue iaoi? a?iioace i?i
oa, ui ?ic?iaea iaoiaeeee aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy aeaaa?e ?
ii/aoe?a aiae?co o/i?a i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo iaa/aeueieo caeeaae?a ia
iniia? ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo c iaoaiaoeee ni?eyoeia i?aeaeuaiith yeino?
ye caaaeueiiina?oiuei?, oae ? i?ioan?eii? i?aeaioiaee o/i?a, oa ??aiy ?o
?ioaeaeooaeueiiai ?icaeoeo.

A E N I I A E E

1. ?acoeueoaoe i?iaaaeaiiai oai?aoe/iiai ? aenia?eiaioaeueiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy aeathoue i?aenoaae c?iaeoe oae? aeniiaee uiaei i?iaeaie
aeine?aeaeaiiy:

2. Ia no/aniiio aoai? ?icaeoeo oe?a?inueei? aea?aeaae iio?aae ?icaeoeo
ia?iaeiiai ainiiaea?noaa noaaeyoue iia? caaaeaiiy aei i?aeaioiaee
eaae?o?eiaaieo eiieo?aioiini?iiiaeieo ?ia?oiee?a c aenieei ??aiai
caaaeueiiina?oiuei? ? i?ioan?eii? i?aeaioiaee, ?ioaeaeooaeueiiai
?icaeoeo ? ii?aeueieo yeinoae, aioiaiino? aei iiaeo oiia i?aoe?, ui
oaeaeei ci?iththoueny.

3. Iaa/aiiy iaoaiaoeee a na?aaei?e i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/i?e oeie? ia?
caaacia/eoe ia

12

eeoa canai?iiy o/iyie ina?oiuei? i?ia?aie, yea aea? i?aai ii?yae c
eaae?o?eaoe?eiei aeieoiaioii aeaeaoe aoanoao i?i caaaeueio na?aaeith
ina?oo, a ? noai?eoe oiiae aeey aea/aiiy caaaeueiioaoi?/ieo,
niaoe?aeueieo i?aaeiao?a ? i?ioiaeaeaiue ae?iaie/eo i?aeoee, iaeaooiuei?
ae?iaie/i? ae?yeueiino?. Iniaeeaino? na?aaeiuei? i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ii?
oeiee aeiaaathoue oaeiai no?oeoo?oaaiiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo, yea a
caaacia/oaaei ia ii/aoeiaiio aoai? iaa/aiiy a?oioiaia iiaoi?aiiy i?aaee
ae?e iaae /eneaie ??cieo /eneiaeo iiiaeei, iniiaieo aeae?a oioiaeieo
ia?aoai?aiue oe?eeo, ae?iaiaeo ? ?aoe?iiaeueieo ae?ac?a, ?ica’ycoaaiiy
e?i?eieo, eaaae?aoieo , ae?iaiaeo ??aiyiue ? oaenoiaeo caaea/, ye?
?ica’ycothoueny ca aeiiiiiaith ??aiyiue, aeanoeainoae ? a?ao?e?a
ooieoe?e, ia?aaeaa/aieo i?ia?aiith. Eeoa oaea iiia?aaei? iiaoi?aiiy
caaacia/eoue ia?aaeoiiae aeey na?aeiiiai canai?iiy eo?no aeaaa?e ?
ii/aoe?a aiae?co a oiiaao ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo,
??aiaai? ? i?io?eueii? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ni?ey? i?ioan?ei?e i???ioaoe??
iaa/aiiy.

4. Nenoaia i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ii? ina?oe, ye ? nenoaia caaaeueii?
na?aaeiuei? ina?oe ia? i???iooaaoe i?ioean iaa/aiiy ia
iniaenoi-i???ioiaaio iiaeaeue, yea noaaeoue caaaeaiiy i?aeaiooaaoe o/i?a
aei nioe?aeueii? ? i?ioan?eii? ae?yeueiino?, a?aoiaoth/e ia eeoa iio?aae
noni?euenoaa, a e i?aaiaiiy, noeeueiino?, cae?aiino? ? caaeaoee
eiaeiiai, ooi iaa/a?oueny. A oeeo oiiaao iniaeeai aeooaeueiith noa?
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y iaa/aeueii-aeoiaiiai i?ioeano ia iniia? aea?aeaaiiai
ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo c iaoaiaoeee.

5. Eo?n aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co a na?aaei?o i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo
caeeaaeao aeioe?eueii aoaeoaaoe ca iiaeoeueiei i?eioeeiii. Oea icia/a?,
ui ci?no i?ia?aie iiaeiai neeaaeaoeny c aeaio /anoei: ?iaa??aioii?,
iaia’yceiai? aeey an?o o/i?a o a?aeiia?aeiino? c ina?oi?i noaiaea?oii oa
aa??aoeaii? /anoeie. Inoaiiy yaey? niaith iaa?? oai (iiaeoe?a), a yeeo
aeeeaaea/ naiino?eii aeae?ey? i?ioan?eii cia/ouee iaoa??ae, ui
caaacia/o? iio?aae i?aeaioiaee eaae?o?eiaaiiai ?ia?oieea iaaiiai
i?io?eth.

6. A aeena?oaoe?? aeae?eai? iiaeoe? i?e iiaoi?aii? eo?no aeaaa?e
iniiaii? oeiee ? i?e aea/aii? i?ia?aiiiai iaoa??aeo aeanii eo?no aeaaa?e
? ii/aoe?a aiae?co.

7. No?aoaa??th iaa/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co caeeoa?oueny
aca?iica’ycie caaaeueiiina?oiuei? ? i?ioan?eii? i?aeaioiaee. Iiaee
i?aeo?ae o ?ica’ycaii? oe??? i?iaeaie iieyaa? a oiio, ui ci?noiaa
ii?aeiaiiy a?aeiia?aeieo oeeee?a aeenoeeie?i aeinyaa?oueny i?ioan?eiith
ni?yiiaai?noth aea/aiiy eo?no, iaiiaiaiiy eiai ci?noo
i?ioan?eii-cia/ouei iaoa??aeii.

8. Iaiao?aeiith ia?aaeoiiaith ?aae?caoe?? ??aiaai? ? i?io?eueii?
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ? ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/i? iniiae i?ioeano iaa/aiiy. Aei
ieo ne?ae a?aeianoe, a ia?oo /a?ao, i?iaeaie ae?aaiinoeee ??aiy
iaa/aiino?, caaaeueiiai ? iaoaiaoe/iiai ?icaeoeo o/i?a ia ??cieo aoaiao
iaa/aiiy, ieoaiiy iioeaaoe?? iaa/aiiy, a?aooaaiiy a?eiaeo ?
?iaeea?aeoaeueieo iniaeeainoae o/i?a, ineoieiai-aeeaeaeoe/i?
caeiiii??iino? canai?iiy ciaiue, oi?ioaaiiy iaae/ie oa oi?iue

13

o/i?a c aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co. A aeena?oaoe?eiiio aeine?aeaeaii?
aeae?eai? ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/i? ia?aaeoiiae ? iieacai? oeyoe ?o
aeei?enoaiiy.

1. Iaoiaee/ia nenoaia aea/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co a na?aaei?e
i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/i?e oeie? a no/anieo oiiaao iio?aao? ia eeoa /?oeiai
no?oeoo?oaaiiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo c a?aooaaiiyi i?ioan?eii?
ni?yiiaaiino? eiai aea/aiiy, a e ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeoeaieo iaoiae?a ? oi?i
i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aiiy, aaeineiiaeaiiy cania?a iaa/aiiy, a oiio /ene?
aeei?enoaiiy cania?a I?OI. I?e oi?ioaaii? iaae/ie oa oi?iue iaiao?aeia
?aoaeueia ?ic?iaea nenoaie ??cii??aiaaeo ai?aa, iayaiino? na?aae ieo
caaea/ i?eeeaaeii? ni?yiiaaiino?, ??cieo aeae?a eaai?aoi?ii-a?ao?/ieo
?ia?o, ?aae?caoe?th ca’yce?a c caaaeueiioaoi?/ieie ? niaoe?aeueieie
i?aaeiaoaie. Aenia?eiaioaeueia ?iaioa iieacaea aoaeoeai?noue
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy eaeoe?eii-i?aeoe/ii? nenoaie, eiioeaio?iaaiiai iaa/aiiy
i?e aea/aii? ie?aieo oai.

2. ?acoeueoaoe i?iaaaeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy, aenia?eiaioaeueia ia?aa??ea
iniiaieo iieiaeaiue ?iaioe a ?yae? i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo caeeaae?a ina?oe
iieacaea aoaeoeai?noue ?ic?iaeaii? iaoiaee/ii? nenoaie. Iaoa
aeine?aeaeaiiy aeinyaiooa, a iinoaaeai? caaaeaiiy a iniiaiiio aeeiiai?.

3. Iiaeaeueo? aeine?aeaeaiiy ?icaeyaeoaaii? i?iaeaie iiaeooue aooe
ni?yiiaai? ia ooi/iaiiy ci?noo, iaoiae?a, i?aai?caoe?eieo oi?i ? cania?a
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co o aeueo
i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo caeeaaeao ina?oe.

NIENIE IOAE?EAOe?E AAOI?A C OAIE AeINE?AeAEAIIss

1. Aieyinueea I.?. I?i ianooii?noue ? ia?niaeoeai?noue i?e aea/aii?
o?eaiiiiao?e/iiai iaoa??aeo a caaaeueiiina?oi?e oa i?ioan?ei?e oeie? //
Aa?enoeea oa aeeaeaeoeea oi/ieo iaoe. 1996.- ?4. – n.39 – 43.

2. Aieyinueea I.?. Aei ieoaiiy i?ioan?eii? ni?yiiaaiino? iaa/aiiy
iaoaiaoeee // Aa?enoeea oa aeeaeaeoeea oi/ieo iaoe. – 1997. – ?6. – n.
12 – 13.

3. Aieyinueea I.?. Iaoiaeeea eiioeaio?iaaiiai iaa/aiiy o
caaaeueiiina?oi?e oeie? oa NIOO //Iaoaiaoeea a oeie?. – 1998. – ?2 – n.
16 – 18.

4. Aieyinueea I.?. Iiaoi?aiiy a?eoiaoe/iiai ? aeaaa?a?/iiai iaoa??aeo
i?e aea/aii? aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co ? na?aaei?o IOO// Iaoaiaoeea a
oeie?. – 1999. – ? 3. – n. 30 – 32.

5. Ai?eniaa A.A., Aeoaei/oe A.N., Aieyineay A.A. I?iaaaeaiea yecaiaia ii
aeaaa?a e ia/aeai aiaeeca a n?aaeieo i?iooaoo/eeeuao // Iaoiaee/aneea
?aeiiaiaeaoeee – E.: ?OIE, 1987. – 34 n.

14

AIIOAOe?ss

Aieyinueea I.?. Aea/aiiy aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co a
i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo o/eeeuao a oiiaao ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ina?oiueiai
noaiaea?oo. –

?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa iaaeaaia?/ieo
iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 13.00.02 – oai??y oa iaoiaeeea iaa/aiiy
iaoaiaoeee. –Iaoe?iiaeueiee iaaeaaia?/iee Oi?aa?neoao ?iai? I.I.
Ae?aaiiaiiaa, Ee?a, 1999.

O aeena?oaoe?? ?ic?iaeaii iaoiaee/io nenoaio aea/aiiy aeaaa?e ?
ii/aoe?a aiae?co a na?aaei?o i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ieo o/eeeuao a oiiaao
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ina?oiueiai noaiaea?oo, ooi/iaii iiiyooy i?ioan?eii?
ni?yiiaaiino? ? ?icaeyioo? oeyoe ?? ?aae?caoe?? i?e aea/aii? eo?no
aeaaa?e ? ii/aoe?a aiae?co, cae?eniaii no?oeoo?oaaii? ci?noo
iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo, ye i?e iiaoi?aii? eo?no iaoaiaoeee iniiaii?
oeiee, oae ? i?e aea/aii? oai?aoe/iiai iaoa??aeo eo?no aeaaa?e ?
ii/aoe?a aiae?co.

C’yniaai? ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/i? ia?aaeoiiae i?ioeano iaa/aiiy, ye? ?
iaiao?aeiith oiiaith ?aae?caoe?? ??aiaai? ? i?io?eueii?
aeeoa?aioe?aoe??, ?icaeyioo? iia? oaoiieia??, aeoeai? iaoiaee ? oi?ie
iaa/aiiy. Oai?aoe/ii ? aenia?eiaioaeueii iaa?oioiaaia iaoiaeeea (iaoa,
ci?no, iaoiaee, i?aai?caoe?ei? oi?ie, i?eeiie ? caniae) caaacia/o?
aoaeoeaia aea/aiiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: i?ioan?eii-oaoi?/ia o/eeeua, aeaaa?a ? ii/aoee aiae?co,
aea/aiiy, ina?oi?e noaiaea?o.

AIIIOAOeEss

Aieyineay A.A. Eco/aiea aeaaa?u e ia/ae aiaeeca a
i?ioanneiiaeueii-oaoie/aneeo o/eeeuao a oneiaeyo aiaae?aiey
ia?aciaaoaeueiiai noaiaea?oa. – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia i?enaiaiea iao/iie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa iaaeaaiae/aneeo
iaoe ca niaoeeaeueiinoueth 13.00.02 – oai?ey e iaoiaeeea iao/aiey
iaoaiaoeea. – Iaoeeiiaeueiue iaaeaaiae/aneee oieaa?neoao eiaie I.I.
Ae?aaiiaiiaa, Eeaa, 1999.

A aeenna?oaoeee oai?aoe/anee e yenia?eiaioaeueii iainiiaaia
iaiaoiaeeiinoue oneeaiey yooaeoeaiinoe eco/aiey aeaaa?u e ia/ae aiaeeca
c iiceoeee nia?aiaiiuo o?aaiaaiee e iaoaiaoe/aneiio ia?aciaaieth a
oneiaeyo aiaae?aiey ia?aciaaoaeueiiai noaiaea?oa. Noaiaea?o iicaieyao
nie?aoeoue e iaeaa/eoue o?aaeeoeeiiiue eo?n. Ia iniiaa noaiaea?oa
iaania/eaaaony o?iaiaaay aeeooa?aioeeaoeey e aa?eaoeaiinoue iao/aiey a
niioaaonoaee n i?ia?aiiie, eioi?oth auae?aao
i?ioanneiiaeueii-oaoie/aneia o/eeeua. Ooi/iaii iiiyoea i?ioanneiiaeueiie
iai?aaeaiiinoe e ?anniio?aiu iooe aa ?aaeecaoeee i?e eco/aiee eo?na
aeaaa?u e ia/ae aiaeeca a n?aaeiae i?ioanneiiaeueii-oaoie/aneie oeiea,
iieacaiu

15

i?aaiecaoeeiiii-iaoiaee/aneea nayce eco/aiey aeaaa?u e ia/ae aiaeeca n
eco/aieai iauaoaoie/aneeo e niaoeeaeueiuo i?aaeiaoia.

Inouanoaeaii no?oeoo?e?iaaiea niaea?aeaiey o/aaiiai iaoa?eaea, eae i?e
iiaoi?aiee eo?na iaoaiaoeee iniiaiie oeieu, oae e i?e eco/aiee
oai?aoe/aneiai iaoa?eaea eo?na aeaaa?u e ia/ae aiaeeca a niioaaonoaee n
i?aaeeiaeaiiie i?ia?aiiie. I?e yoii ca aaeeieoeo no?oeoo?e?iaaiey
aua?aia o/aaiay oaia. Aanue o/aaiue iaoa?eae, ii aiciiaeiinoe, naycai n
i?ioanneiiaeueii cia/aueie aeey o/aueony caaea/aie.

Ieacaeinue yooaeoeaiui eniieueciaaiea aiaeiaee e i?aaenoaaeaiea
niioaaonoaothueo oaaeeoe iii?iuo neaiaeia.

A aeenna?oaoeee auaeaeaiu ineoieiai-iaaeaaiae/aneea iniiau o?iaiaaie
aeeooa?aioeeaoeee iao/aiey iaoaiaoeea a NIOO, a oaeaea n?aaenoaa
aeeaaiinoeee o?iaiy iaoaiaoe/aneiai ?acaeoey o/aueony, i?iaiaeece?iaaiu
aic?anoiua iniaaiiinoe o/aueony, iniaaiiinoe iaiyoe,
ineoieiai-iaaeaaiae/aneea caeiiiia?iinoe oi?ie?iaaiey oiaiee.

N oeaeueth eeeaeaeaoeee i?iaaeia a ciaieyo, iaaueao e oiaieyo o/aueony,
eiathueo neaaoth iaoaiaoe/aneoth iiaeaioiaeo, i?aaeeaaaaony nenoaia
iiaoi?aiey a?eoiaoe/aneiai e aeaaa?ae/aneiai iaoa?eaea ca eo?n iniiaiie
oeieu. I?iaaaeaii eiaeei-aeeaeaeoe/aneee aiaeec i?ia?aiiiiai iaoa?eaea n
oeaeueth ioeaiee aai neiaeiinoe aeey aini?eyoey o/aueieny e auyniaiey
aiciiaeiinoe i?eiaiaiey iaoiaeia, oi?i, n?aaenoa aai eco/aiey.
?aeiiaiaeoaony ia?auaoue aieiaiea ia iioeaaoeeth iao/aiey i?e aaaaeaiee
iiauo iiiyoee, eniieueciaaiea aeai?eoie/aneiai iiaeoiaea, nicaeaiea
i?iaeaiiuo neooaoeee, i?eaiaeeony i?eia? eiioeaio?e?iaaiiiai iao/aiey,
eae iiaie oaoiieiaee iao/aiey, i?aaenoaaeaii iaoiaeeeo eco/aiey
ioaeaeueiie oaiu. Ieacaeinue iaeaieaa oaea/iui i?eiaiaiea
eaeoeeiiii-i?aeoe/aneie nenoaiu iao/aiey, eioi?ay aeaao aiciiaeiinoue
auno?i e eiiiaeoii eco/eoue o/aaiue iaoa?eae e oaeaeeoue aieueoa
o/aaiiai a?aiaie aai i?eiaiaieth e ?aoaieth ?aciiia?aciuo caaea/ e
oi?aaeiaiee.

?anniao?eaathony o?aaiaaiey e nenoaia oi?aaeiaiee e iaoiaeeea iao/aiey
o/aueony eo ?aoaieth, ia?auaaony aieiaiea ia ooieoeee caaea/ a iao/aiee
ia o?aaiaaiey e i?eeeaaeiui caaea/ai, i?aaenoaaeaii nenoaio oi?aaeiaiee
ia o??o o?iaiyo: ainoaea?noaaiiiai noaiaea?oa, iiauoaiiii e oaeoae?iiii,
auaeaeythony oaeea aeaeu oi?aaeiaiee: ia au/eneaiea, ia
aeieacaoaeuenoai, enneaaeiaaiea e iino?iaiea, i?aia?aciaaiea.

Ioiineoaeueii oi?i i?aaiecaoeee o/aaiie aeayoaeueiinoe ii au?aaioea
oiaiee iaeaieaa yooaeoeaiie ieacaeenue aeey i?ioanneiiaeueii-oaoie/aneie
oeieu o?iioaeueiay e eiaeeaeaeoaeueiay oi?iu ?aaiou ia o?iea.
Oi?ie?iaaiea iaoaiaoe/aneeo oiaiee aeieaeii aeeth/aoue o?e iniiaiua
yoaia: iiaeaioiaeoaeueii-iioeaaoeeiiiue, iia?aoeeiiii-iiciaaaoaeueiue,
?aoeaeneaii-ioeaii/iue.

16

?anniio?aiu ooieoeee, oi?iu e aeaeu eiio?iey. Auyniaiu iaaeinoaoee
o?aaeeoeeiiiuo aeaeia eiio?iey, i?aeiouanoaa iiaeoeueii-?aeoeiaiaie
nenoaiu iao/aiey.

A aeenna?oaoeee ?anniio?aiu aiciiaeiinoe i?eiaiaiey eiiiuethoa?a, /oi
aeoeaece?oao i?ioeann iao/aiey.

Oai?aoe/anee e yenia?eiaioaeueii iainiiaaiiay iaoiaeeea (oeaeue,
niaea?aeaiea, iaoiaeu, i?aaiecaoeeiiiua oi?iu, i?eaiu e n?aaenoaa)
iaania/eaaao yooaeoeaiia eco/aiea o/aaiiai iaoa?eaea.

Iniiaiua ?acoeueoaou ?aaiou aiaae?aiu a i?aeoeeo ?aaiou
i?ioanneiiaeueii-oaoie/aneeo o/eeeu.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: i?ioanneiiaeueii-oaoie/aneia o/eeeua, aeaaa?a e ia/aea
aiaeeca, eco/aiea, ia?aciaaoaeueiue noaiaea?o.

ANNOTATION

Volyanskaya O.A. Algebra and elementary analysis studying at the
professional-technical school under educational standard implementation.

Typescript.

Dissertation to get candidate of pedagogical science scientific degree
on speciality 13.00.02 – theory and methods of mathematics teaching. –
National pedagogical University named by M.P.Dragomanov, Kyiv, 1999.

Methodical system of the algebra and elementary analysis studying at the
secondary professional-technical school under educational standard
implementation was worked out, conception of the professional
orientation and ways how to achieve it within studying course of the
algebra and elementary analysis were specified. Teaching documentation
structure for repetition school mathematics course and for algebra and
elementary analysis course studying was standardised.

Psychological – pedagogical prerequisites of the studying process which
are the essential conditions for level and profile releasing were
clarified. New technologies, active educational forms and methods were
determined. Methods (targets, contents, organisational forms, ways and
manners) based on the theory and experiments ensure effectiveness of the
studying process.

Key words: professional-technical school, algebra and elementary
analysis, studying, educational standard.

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