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Відображення зон молодої активізації на території України в геофізичних полях та ізотопії гелію: Автореф. дис… канд. геолог. наук / В.М. Тарасов, НА

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IAOeIIIAEUeIA AEAAeAIIss IAOE OE?A?IE

IINOEOOO AAIOICEEE ii. N.I.NOAAIOIIA

Oa?ania A?eoi? Ieeieaeiae/

OAeE 550.36+551.23

A?aeia?aaeaiiy cii iieiaei? aeoea?caoe?? ia oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie

a aaio?ce/ieo iieyo oa ?cioii?? aae?th

(04.00.22 — aaio?ceea)

Aaoi?aoa?ao aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa aaieia?/ieo iaoe

Ee?a — 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia a ?inoeooo? aaio?ceee ?i. N.?.Noaaio?ia

Iaoe?iiaeueii? Aeaaeai?? iaoe Oe?a?ie

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee Aeieoi? aaieiai-i?ia?aeia?/ieo iaoe,
i?ioani?Ai?ae??iei Aaae?i A’y/aneaaiae/?inoeooo aaio?ceee Iaoe?iiaeueii?

Aeaaeai?? iaoe Oe?a?ie

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:

Inaae/ee A.A., ae.a.-i.i., aeeiioth/ee iaia’ycee aieiaiiai iaoeiaiai
ni?a?ia?oieea, ?inoeooo aaieia?? oa aaio?i?? ai?th/eo eiiaeei IAI
Oe?a?ie, Euea?aI?iaaoeueeee TH.I., ae.a.-i.i., caa?aeoaa/ a?aeae?eo
aaieia?/ieo i?iaeai aeeaeiii? aaio?ceee, ?inoeooo aaio?ceee ?i. N.?.
Noaaio?ia IAI Oe?a?ie, Ee?a

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: Oeaio? aa?ieini?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue Caie? ?inoeoooo
aaieia?/ieo iaoe IAI Oe?a?ie, Ee?a

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “ 27 ” aeiaoiy 1999 ?. i 14.30 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae.26.200.01 i?e ?inoeoooi
aaio?ceee Iaoe?iiaeueii? Aeaaeai?? iaoe Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 252680,
i.Ee?a, i?. Iaeeaae?ia 32.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo aaio?ceee
IAIO.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaii 31 na?iiy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaiii? a/aii? ?aaee

aeieoi? oiceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe A.N. Aaeei

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. ?ioa?an aei aea/aiiy cii no/anii? aeoea?caoe??
(a?eii e?eueea iei.?.) ia eiioeiaioao ?, cie?aia, ia oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie,
aeiee ye caeiiii??iee ?acoeueoao aeine?aeaeaiue oaeoiiinoa?e, ui ia
i?ioyc? aaaaoueio ?ie?a i?iaiaeyoueny o a?aeae?e? oaeoiiinoa?e ?inoeoooo
aaio?ceee IAIO. A iniiao aeine?aeaeaiiy aeoeaieo cii aoei iieeaaeaii
anoaiiaeaiiy oaeoo iayaiino? aeoeaiiai i?ioeano ? oeio aiaeiaaiiiai
?aaeeio ca aaieia?/ieie aeaieie. Ii oeei a?aeiiinoyi i?aeae?aany aa??aio
a?iioace aaeaaeoe?eii-iie?ii?oiiai i?ioeano, aoaeoaaeanue iiaeaeue
oaieiianiia?aiino aeey i?eeiyoiai a?eo ? aaiiao??? ioiieaiiai
aeoea?caoe??th ?aa?iio ia anth iiooaei?noue oaeoiiinoa?e. A?aeiia?aeii c
iiaeaeeth ?iciiae?eyeenue o?ce/i? aeanoeaino? ?a/iaeie oaeoiiinoa?e.
*anoeia i?iaiicieo aiiiae?e aeanoeainoae eiio?iethaaeanue
aaciina?aaeiuei aaio?ce/ieie iaoiaeaie, ui aeicaieythoue ii??aiyii iiaii
ae??ooaaoe iaa?iaio caaea/o (ciie cieaeaiiai aeaeo?e/iiai iii?o ?
oaeaeeino? naeni?/ieo oaeeue ii??aithaaeenue c ?acoeueoaoaie
?ioa?i?aoaoe?? aeaieo aeeaeiii? aaiaeaeo??ee ? naeniieia??). Aeey ?ioeo
aiiiae?e ae??ooaaeenue i?yi? caaea/?, ?acoeueoaoe ii??aithaaeenue ca
niaoe?aeueieie iaoiaeeeaie c niinoa?aaeaieie oaieiaei iioieii,
a?aa?oaoe?eiei oa iaai?oiei iieyie. Inoaiiy iia?aoe?y ?c-ca iaiaaeaii?
aeeaeie iaai?oiaeoeaieo ia’?eo?a ? aaeeei? i?ieeaino? iaiaai?/aiino?
ii??ae ieaeiuei? ei?e a?aea i?aeeaaeo ?ieue. Aeei?enoiaoaaeanue ?
??ciiiai?oia aaieia?/ia ?ioi?iaoe?y, cie?aia, na?aeioeoaa i?i ?O-oiiae
ooai?aiiy ii??ae, c?acee yeeo aeiineeenue ia iiaa?oith (aeeaeii?
enaiie?oe), ?icaeyaeaeenue ye aaioa?iiiao?e, ui eiio?iethaaee oaieiao
iiaeaeue. Aeei?enoaieie iaoiaeaie aaeaeinue aeinyaiooe ocaiaeaeaiiy
a?iioaoe/ieo aeeaeiieo iaoai?ci?a c aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieie aeaieie a
aaaaoueio ?aeiiao oaeoii?/ii? aeoea?caoe??.

?niothoue aeiaaeee, eiee aeei?enoiaoaaiee i?aeo?ae iai?eaeaoiee. I?ney
ii/aoeo iieiaeiai aeeaeiiiai i?ioeano aaieia?/i? iiae?? a i?eiiaa?oi?e
cii? iiaeooue aooe iaae?acieie /e i?inoi a?aenooi?ie, oiae? iaiiaeeeai
anoaiiaeoe oaeo aeoea?caoe??, oei aiaeiaaiiiai ?aaeeio ? iaiiaeia
aea?aoe ?aeii aeey iinoaiiaee aeeaeiieo aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue,
ni?yiiaaieo ia aecia/aiiy ? aea/aiiy ciie iieiaei? aeoea?caoe??. Aeey
ia?a?niiai aeae?eaiiy iiae?aieo cii aeei?enoiaothoueny aiiiae??
oaieiaiai iioieo (OI). A ?o iaaeao i?iaiaeyoueny niaoe?aeuei? aeeaeii?
aaiaeaeo?e/i? ? naeniieia?/i? ?iaioe. Aea eaaei oyaeoe nia? aeiaaeie ua
a?eueo iieiaeiai aeeaeiiiai i?ioeano, ui ia anoea noai?eoe iii?oio
aiiiae?th OI /a?ac iiaa?oith. Ae?aaiinoeea oaei? ciie noa? cian?i
i?iaeaiaoe/iith. Iaaaaeai? i??eoaaiiy i?eaaee aei iiooeo iaoiaeo, eio?ee
ci?a ae ?icoe?eoe canoiniaaiee eiiieaen naia i?e iiooeao cii no/anii?
aeoea?caoe??. A?i iiaeiai caaacia/eoe ?o iacaeaaeia aeyaeaiiy a?ae?aco
i?ney ii/aoeo aeeaeiiiai i?ioeano, oiaoi ae?aaiinooaaoe onoaiiaeaiiy
ei?i-iaio?eieo ca’yce?a.

Oaeei aeiiaai a?aeiia?aea? aea/aiiy ?cioii?? aae?th. ??cea ??cieoey
?cioiiiiai neeaaeo ei?iaiai ? iaio?eiiai aaco aeicaiey? a??ia?aeii
ae?aaiinooaaoe iiyao a i?eiiaa?oi?o i?iaao iaio?eii? neeaaeiai?. Aaeeea
i?iieei?noue aaco caaacia/o? iaaeoiaeaeaiiy eiai aei iiaa?oi? a?ae?aco
i?ney aeiino ?acii c aeeaeiiith iaio?eiith ?a/iaeiith i?ae ei?o.
?ia?oi?noue aaco noai?th? aeia?? ia?aaeoiiae aeey iaei? eiioai?iaoe??
ii?iaeaie i?ii?aeiiai oa?o.

?aae?caoe?? oe?e ?aea? a oiiaao Oe?a?ie ? i?enay/aia ?iaioa, ia iniia?
yei? iaienaia aeena?oaoe?y.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeine?aeaeaiiy
aeeiioaaeeny a iaaeao ?iaio ca ieaiiaeie oaiaie a?aeae?eo oaeoiiinoa?e
?AO IAIO “Aea/aiiy oaeoiiinoa?e cii iieiaei? aeoea?caoe?? Oe?a?ie“
(1992-1996?.?.) oa “Aaio?ce/i? oa aaiaeeiai?/i? iiaeae? oaeoiiinoa?e
Oe?a?ie“ (c 1997?.), a oaeiae a iaaeao ?ia?o ii a?aioo U 59000
I?aeia?iaeiiai iaoeiaiai oiiaeo “Aeae?eaiiy oa aeine?aeaeaiiy cii
iieiaei? aeoea?caoe?? Oe?a?ie”, a?aioai 6.3/21 (“Aea/aiiy oaeoiiinoa?e
cii aeoea?caoe?? Oe?a?inueeiai ueoa oa Aeiiaano”) Aea?aeaaiiai oiiaeo
ooiaeaiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue Oe?a?ie oa i?iaeoo 3/97 (“?ic?iaea
oaoiieia?? aeae?eaiiy ii aaio?ce/iei aeaiei ae?eeyiie, ui ia?niaeoeai?
ia cieioa c?oaeaiiiiy, a iaaeao ?oaeieo iie?a Aeiiaano”) Aea?aeaaii?
i?ia?aie “Cieioi Oe?a?ie”.

Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoith ?iaioe ? canoinoaaiiy ?cioii?? aae?th aei
eiiieaeno aaea aeei?enoiaaiieo aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieo iaoiae?a aeey
noai?aiiy iaoiaeeee “?aiiuei? ae?aaiinoeee” cii iieiaei? aeoea?caoe??.

Caaea/a aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaiao?aeii aoei ae??oeoe ianooii? caaea/?:

1. Aiaaieoenue, ui cai?iiiiiaaiee iaoiae “ni?aoeueiao?”.

2. O ei?ioeee oa?i?i i?iaanoe aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy ia
aaeee?e oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie.

3. Noi?ioaaoe iaa?oioiaai? oyaeaiiy i?i oii ? aiiiae??.

4. ?ic?iaeoe iaoiaeeeo ia?iaee ? ye?nii? eiiieaenii? ?ioa?i?aoaoe??
?acoeueoao?a noiniaii aea/aii? oa?eoi??? ? c?iaeoe a?aeiia?aei?
aeniiaee.

5. Iai?oeoe ia?ao?ae a?ae aea/aiiy ?cioii?? aae?th aei aeine?aeaeaiue,
ui caaacia/othoue ae??oaiiy oeo naieo caaea/, aea iaio o?oaeii?noe? ?
aa?o?noi?.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a.

1. ?ic?iaeaia iiaa iaoiaeeea “?aiiuei? ae?aaiinoeee” cii iieiaei?
aeoea?caoe?? ia iniia? ?cioiiii-aae??aeo aeaieo.

2. Aia?oa ia cia/i?e oa??oi??? Oe?a?ie i?iaaaeai? ?cioiiii-aae??a?
aei??e.

3. Aecia/ai? /enaeuei? aiiiae??? ?cioii?? aae?th ia eiioeiaio? (?
oaeueo? *i?iiai ii?th), iia’ycaieo c ciiaie iieiaei? aeoea?caoe??, aai c
i?iaeiaaeaiiyi aeoeaiiai oaeoii?/iiai i?ioeano a ?aa?iiao aeuei?enueei?
? e?ia??enueei? neeaae/anoino?.

4. I?iaaaeaia eiiieaenia ?ioa?i?aoaoe?y ?cioiiii-aae??aeo ?
aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue.

5. Aecia/aia a?aeiia?aei?noue aiiiae?e ecioii?? aae?th aeaiei aeeaeiii?
aaio?ceee.

Aeinoiai?iinoue io?eiaieo ?acoeueoaoia. Caaacia/o?oueny eiiieaeniei
i?aeoiaeii aea/aiiy cii iieiaei? aeoea?caoe?? ? aaeeeei ianyaii
aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo ii ?cioii?? aae?th (iiiaae 600 aecia/aiue R,
aea R – 3Ie/4He).

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue,
iaaaaeai? a aeena?oaoe??, iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? iaoeiaeie oa
ae?iaie/eie i?aai?caoe?yie aaieia?/iiai i?io?eth a Oe?a?i?:
ia’?aeiaiiyie Ainaaieeiio Oe?a?ie, ?AI IAIO, ?A?A? IAIO. Aiie aaea
ciaoiaeyoue canoinoaaiiy a aeine?aeaeaiiyo A?I ?AI, Oe?I?I? IAIO.

Ioae?eaoe?? oa ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. ?acoeueoaoe
iioae?eiaai? a 7 noaooyo, iaienaieo a na?aaaoi?noa? (oa aeaio, iaienaieo
aaoi?ii), aeiiia?aeaeenue ia i?aeia?iaeieo ia?aaeao : “Aeeaeiia aoaeiaa
e?oinoa?e oa iao?aaeeoe?eia aeei?enoaiiy iaae? Caie?” (1996, Ee?a).
“Oaieiaa iiea Caie? oa iaoiaee eiai aea/aiiy” (1997, 1998, Iineaa) –
oace aeiiia?aeae iioae?eiaai?. Aea? noi?ni? (c ?in?enueeeie eieaaaie)
noaoo? iiaeai? aei ae?oeo.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Aaoi? iinoaaea aenia?eiaioaeuei?
aeine?aeaeaiiy (aaciina?aaeiuei i?eeiath/e o/anoue i?e a?aeai?? aaciaeo
i?ia) c iaoith anoaiiaeaiiy ?cioiiiiai neeaaeo aae?th a ianooiieo
?aa?iiao: I?eea?iaoo?, Neeaae/anoeo Ea?iaoao, Caea?iaoo? (1995 ? 1998
??.), E?eio (1996 ?.), AeAeC, Aeiiaan? oa /anoei? Ai?iiacueeiai ianeao
(1997 ?.), i?eeiaa aeayeo o/anoue o aea/aii? OI aeaio cii
(E??iaia?aaenueei?, Aeiiaoeueei?), a aaiaeaeo?e/iiio aeine?aeaeaii?
E??iaia?aaenueei?, A?eueoeueei?, I?ei’youenueei? ? Aeiiaoeueei? cii
aeoea?caoe?? iaai?oioaeo?e/ieie iaoiaeaie, i?iaiaeea ia?iaeo ?
?ioa?i?aoaoe?th io?eiaiii? ?ioi?iaoe??.

Aae??a? ?cioiii? aeine?aeaeaiiy aaeaeiny i?iaanoe caaaeyee o?ni?e
aca?iiae?? c ni?a?ia?oieeaie A?I ?AI A.E.*aoei ? A.A. Iieyeii oa
ni?a?ia?oieeii A? EO ?AI ?.E. Eaiainueeei, eio?ei aaoi? aeneiaeth? ue?o
iiaeyeo ye ? ni?a?ia?oieeai a?aeae?eo oaeoiiinoa?e ?inoeoooo aaio?ceee,
aac aeiiiiiae yeeo ?iaioa ia aoea a c?iaeaia.

Ianya ? no?oeoo?a ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c anooio, 6 aeaa,
caeeth/aiiy e nieneo e?oa?aoo?e (107 iaeiaioaaiue). Aeeth/a? 138
noi??iie oaenoo, 20 oaaeeoeue ? 24 iaethiea.

EI?IOEEE CIINO ?IAIOE

O anooi? noenei ?icaeyiooi aa??aio eiiieaeniiai i?aeoiaeo aei aea/aiiy
cii iieiaei? aeoea?caoe??, cai?iiiiiaaii iiaee iaoiae, ui cia/ii
aeiiiaith? aaieiai-aaio?ce/iee eiiieaen, ? ?ice?eoa aeooaeuei?noue
aeine?aeaeo?ii? i?iaeaie.

Aeaaa ?. Noeneee ia?en aaieia?/ii? aoaeiae oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie.

A aeaa? ?icaeyaeathoueny o?eueee nai? caaaeuei? a?aeiiino? i?i aaieia?th
Oe?a?ie, iaiao?aei? aeey oaeoii?/ii? i?ea’ycee aeine?aeaeoaaieo ?aa?ii?a
oa ?o neeaaeiaeo.

Aeaaa 2. Ciie no/anii? aeoea?caoe?? oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie.

?icaeyiooi eiiieaen aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieo iaoiae?a, ui canoiniao?oueny
aeey aeae?eaiiy cii iieiaei? aeoea?caoe??. A?i ia ? caaaeueiii?eeiyoiei
? a oie aea /an – a?aeiinii iiaee.

Aiiiae?? OI acaeiaae cao?aeiiai ei?aeiio No?aeii-?a?iiaenueei? ieaooi?ie
(N?I) oi?iothoue ?aeeio aaeeeo O?ain?a?iiaenueeo ciio aeoea?caoe??
(OCA), aea oa?eoi??y Oe?a?ie noaiiaeoue eeoa ?? iaeee o?aaiaio (A.A.
Ai?ae??iei). Aianie ianoaoe?iia?ieo aeaea?ae oaiea (AeO) (3-26 iAo/i2)
aeyaeaii: o Caea?iaonueeiio i?iaei? ? Iaiiinuee?e caiaaeei? (26), a
Neeaae/anoeo Ea?iaoao (9-25), o I?eea?iaonueeiio i?iaei? (0-9), ia
o?aaiaio? Cao?aeii-?a?iiaenueei? ieaooi?ie (3), o I?eaeia?oaeaeeinueeiio
i?iaei? (0-5), a Aeiiaan? ? ia?ao?aei?e cii? iii?ae iei ? AeAeC (4-6),
o I?eacia’? (0-4), ia I?aaeaiiioe?a?inuee?e iiiiee?iae? (0-7), a
A??nueeiio E?eio ? i?eeaaei? aei iueiai /anoeie Ne?onueei? ieeoe ia
*i?iiii?nueei-Acianueeiio oaeueo? (7-13), a I?ai?/i?e Aeia?oaeae? (4-8).
Ca?aeii c oaieiaeie iiaeaeyie ?aa?ii?a – AeO iaea?eueoeo aiiiae?e
?iciiae?eai? aei aeeaei a?ey 100 ei ? c’yaeeeny i?ae /an aoi?aiaiiy
ia?aa??oi? ?a/iaeie c ieaei?o ai?eciio?a aa?oiuei? iaio?? i?ae caiio
ei?o ? a ia?. A Ea?iaoao aeaea?aei aa?y/iai iaoa??aeo – a??ia?aeii
iieiaea anoaiinoa?a. A E?eio iiaeeeaa iiaoi?ia aeoea?caoe?y ?ae?eoiai?
anoaiinoa?e. E??iaia?aaenueea (OU) ? Aeiiaoeueea (AeAeC ? ia?ao?aeia
ciia aei Aeiiaano) aiiiae?? OI – a?ae?ioa?iaeueiiai iioiaeaeaiiy –
iaeneiaeueii i?iyaeai? a i?noeyo i?iieeieo ?iceii?a. Aiie /anoeiai
a?aeiia?aeathoue oe?oei? iaeiiai “eaaioo oaeoii?/ii? ae??”(EOAe) ( 70
ei) (A.A. Ai?ae??iei), c yeeie iia’ycai? an? ciie iieiaei? aeoea?caoe??
a Oe?a?i?.

Ae?aaiinoeea cii iieiaei? aeoea?caoe?? ca aaieia?/ieie aeaieie
oo?oaeiaia, ai ?o i?eiiaa?oi? i?iyae a aaieia?/ieo iiae?yo i?aeoe/ii
a?aenooi?. A.A. Ai?ae??iei iiaoaeiaaia (ca aeaieie A.I. Iae??iei)
aeineoue oiiaia noaia oi?ioaaiiy ?aeue?oo oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie oa Iieaeiae
ca inoaii? 5 iei. ?ie?a. ??aaiue i?aeiyoue neeaa o na?aaeiueiio 50 i –
oea oii. Aiiiae?? OI iio?aieythoue ia i?noey c aiie?ooaeith 100-150 i,
oea: i?aaeaiia /anoeia Oaeinueei? ? ssai??anueea, Oa?iii?euenueea,
*i?iiaeoeueea, ?aei?enueea, I?aaeaiiiaeiiaoeueea. Oa?oaieoonueea
aiiiae?y (ia oii? ioeueiaeo oa a?ae`?iieo aiie?ooae aei -50 i)
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny i?aeiyooyi ia 50 i. A iaaeao A?eueoeueei? aiiiae??
noia?ia aiie?ooaea iaiaai-/aoaa?oeiieo ?oo?a neeaea a?ae -200 aei +100i.
I?ioa ca i?neyna?iaonueeee /an a?aeaoeiny i?aeiyooy aei 220-340 i.
I?aeiyooy A??nueeiai E?eio aeinyaa? 1100 i, o No?aeieo Ea?iaoao – a
na?aaeiueiio 150-300 i.

A Oe?a?i?, A?ei?on? ? Iieaeia? aeyaeai? /enaeuei? ia’?eoe i?aeaeuaiii?
aeaeo?ii?ia?aeiino? ia ??cieo aeeaeiao a caii?e ei?? ? aa?oiuei? iaio??.
Aaiaeaeo?e/i? aiiiae??: I?eacianueea, Aaeai?ii-Aeia?iaaee/e?anueea,
Aieeinueea, Ei?inoainueea – ca’ycai? c iniaeeaei neeaaeii ii??ae caiii?
ei?e, oiio aeey aecia/aiiy i?ioeano aeoea?caoe?? iai?eaeaoi?. Aiiiae??
aeaeo?ii?ia?aeiino?: I?ei’youenueea, ssai??anueea, *a?i?aaoeueea,
?aei?enueea, Oa?oaieoonueea, Ea?iaonueea, A?eueoeueea, E??iaia?aaenueea,
Aeiiaoeueea, Aei?i?ianueei-Aeiiaoeueea oa?eoi??aeueii a?aeiia?aeathoue
aiiiae?yi OI. Aeeaeie iie??ae? i?ia?aeieo ia’?eo?a (ei) a?aeiia?aeathoue
(5-?)-26 (a ei??) oa 50-70 (a iaio??) ? noia?ia iiaeiaaeiy i?ia?aei?noue
(Ni) – 400-20000 (a ei??), 700-4000 (a iaio??).

A i?ai?/i?e /anoei? I?ei’youenueeiai i?iaeio ia oii? caaaeueiiai
i?aeaeuaiiy oaeaeeinoae c aeeaeiith eieae?ciaaii aeae?eueea cii c?
cieaeaieie ?o cia/aiiyie: aeeaeie (ei) – 18-28, 50-60, 80-90. A
Iaeanuee?e caoioe? – cia/aiiy V ?inoa a?ae 8,0-8,1 aei 8,3 ei/n ia
aeeaei? 80 ei, a ?ioa?aae? aeeaei 80-100 ei a?aeaoaa?oueny cieaeaiiy V
aei 8,1 ei/n, aeeaoa oaeaee?noue iiaa?oa?oueny aei ??aiy 8,3 ei/n. A
iaaeao E??iaia?aaenueei? aiiiae?? OI cieaeai? cia/aiiy V ei?e –
i?eaeecii ia 0,2-0,25 ei/n (ia aeeaeiao 15-35 ei). A AeAeC – oaeaee?noia
no?oeoo?a ei?e iana ia nia? ne?aee aaceo?eaoe?? o ia??iae ?eooiaaiaco, a
ca’yceo c /ei ca?eueoeeenue oaeaeeino? iiacaeiaaeieo oaeeue a na?aaei?e
? ieaei?e /anoeiao ei?e, oi/a eieaeuei? cieaeaiiy oaeaeeino? c??aeea
c’yaeythoueny. O?eueee a?aeiiino? i?i neaaeo i?noeaao naeni?/i?noue
iiaeeco e?aeiaeo ?aceii?a caiaaeeie i?aeoaa?aeaeothoue ca`ycie
aaiaeaeo?e/ii? aiiiae?? c aeoea?caoe??th. Ia oa?eoi??? Iieaeaanueei?
ieeoe ca aeaieie naeniieia?? (e?oinoa?iee o?ainaeo A?ai/a-THO AAN oa
A?ai/a-*i?iiaeeue) i?ae aiiiae?yie OI A?eueoeueeith ? Aaeao o?eno?oueny
cieaeaiiy oaeaeeino? ia 0,4 ei/n ia aeeaeiao 50-100 ei. A Iaiii?? ?
Caea?iaonueeiio i?iaei? a?aei?/a?oueny ciia cieaeaiieo oaeaeeinoae o
aa?oi?e iaio?? ia aeeaeiao a?ae 50-60 aei 200 ei.

Oaeei /eiii, iaaaaeai? a ?icae?eao aeaae 2 aaio?ce/i? aeai? iieacothoue,
ui ciie iieiaei? aeoea?caoe??, ia?a?nii aeae?eai? ye aiiiae?? OI,
oa?aeoa?ecothoueny iiaiei iaai?ii aaio?ce/ieo iciae: ciiaie cieaeaiiai
aeaeo?e/iiai iii?o a ei?? (oi/a e ia ne??cue) e ciiaie cieaeaieo
oaeaeeinoae ? aeaeo?e/iiai iii?o a aa?oi?o ai?eciioao iaio??. ?i
a?aeiia?aeathoue e aeaye? i?iyae aaieia?/ii? aeoeaiino?, eio?? a e?auiio
aeiaaeeo iiaeooue neoaeeoe aeey caeo/aiiy oaaae aei oeeo ?aa?ii?a, aea
ia aeey ae?aaiinoeee oa?aeoa?o aeeaeiieo i?ioean?a, ui a?aeaoaathoueny
(oeio aiaeiaaiiiai ?aaeeio), ine?eueee ia i?noyoue aeac?aie ia o/anoue o
i?ioeanao ?oo?a iaio?eii? ?a/iaeie.

Aeaaa3. Canoinoaaiiy ?cioii?? aae?th aeey ae?aaiinoeee i?ioean?a

a ciiao iieiaei? aeoea?caoe??.

Ia?niaeoeai?noue ?cioiiii-aae??aiai iaoiaeo iiaeeeai aecia/eoe i?e
iayaiino? o?ueio aeae?a iciae: na?aeioeoa i?i ?cioii?th aae?th, yaii?
oaeoii?/ii? aeoeaiino? ? a?aeiia?aeieo aiiiae?e o?ce/ieo iie?a oa
aiiiaeueieo ia`?eo?a a ei?? ? iaio??. Noi?ioeueiaaiei e?eoa??yi
a?aeiia?aeathoue – iaaaaioeee?ii??e Iaeiai Eaaeaco (IE) ? Oeaio?aeueiee
O?aioeocnueeee ianea (OeOI), aea i?ioeane aeoea?caoe?? aeinyaee a?eueo
c??ei? noaae??, i?ae o?, ui aea/athoueny ia oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie. Ooo
i/aaeaeia aeoea?caoe?y c o/anoth iaio?? (iniiaiee iaaiaoeci), aeyaeai?
aiiiaeuei? ia’?eoe, iia’ycai? c ia?aa??aii aae aei /anoeiaiai ieaaeaiiy
a ei?? ? iaio??, aeiaie? aeaoaeueii aea/aia ?cioii?y aae?th, yea aeyaeea
aiiiae?th aaee/ei R, aeacoth/o ia aeoeaiee aeeaeiiee i?ioean e aenieo
i?iieei?noue ei?e. Oa?eoi??aeueii aiiiae?? ei?aeththoue c aaio?ce/ieie
ia’?eoaie.

Oaeoiiinoa?a IE oa?aeoa?eco?oueny aaio?ce/ieie iiaeaeyie, iiaoaeiaaieie
acaeiaae i?io?eth ANC Ia?ea?a-Iieee, ui ia?aoeia? iiia?ae i?inoyaaiiy
Iaeieaaeacnueeo aaineiee?iaeue. Aaee/eia R ooo ci?ith?oueny a iaaeao
(0,95-6,0)10-6, yaii aeacoth/e ia iaio?eia aeaea?aei aae?th. Aenie? R
i?inoi?iai ca?aathoueny c oeaio?aeueieie /anoeiaie aaineiee?iaeueii?
neeaae/anoi? ciie ? iaeanoth aoeeai?cio, a?aeiia?aeath/e Naaainueeiio
i?ioaeoii?/iiio iiyno (Aieaaai-Caiaaco?nuee?e cii?). Na?aaei? cia/aiiy
OI neeaaeathoue 70-80 i?e oiiiaiio 50 iAo/i2. Ia aeeaeiao 20 ? 60-170 ei
i?eionea?oueny /anoeiaa ieaaeaiiy ?a/iaeie. Ei?iaa ciia /anoeiaiai
ieaaeaiiy aeia?a ca?aa?oueny c aoeeai?/iei iiynii oa?eoi???. Ca
?acoeueoaoaie IOC iie??aey i?ia?aeieo ia’?eo?a – ia aeeaeiao 15-25 (a
ei??) ? 50-70 (a aa?oi?e iaio??), aeoaea iaiiaaii ocaiaeaeo?oueny c
oaieiaith iiaeaeeth. I?io?eue a?aei?/a?oueny cia/iith iaaaoeaiith
aiiiae??th a ?aaeoeoe?? Aoaa. U?euei?noia iiaeaeue aeaco? ia iiaeeeaee
ca’ycie a?aa?oaoe?eiiai i?i?ioio c aiiiaeueii iecueeeie (3,0 a/ni3)
u?eueiinoyie ii??ae a aa?oi?e iaio??. Ca naeniieia?/ieie aeaieie
iiooaei?noue ei?e a iaaeao O?aineaaeacnueeiai i?aeiyooy ci?ith?oueny
a?ae 35 aei 50 ei (na?aaei? cia/aiiy – 40 ei). Iaeiaioee iieaciee a
oeaio?aeuei?e nioc? ?aa?iio. Aiiiae?? iia’ycai? c aeeaeiieie i?ioeanaie,
aaieia?/iei aeyaeaiiyi eio?eo ? aeuei?enueea neeaae/ano?noue (a?eii
25-30 iei.?.) ? iieiaeee ie?ioeaiiaee iaaiaoeci (6 iei.?.).

OeOI oa?aeoa?eco?oueny i?iyaii i?ciueieaeiacienueeiai aoeeai?cio, a
aeuei?enueeiio oeeee? a?i yaey? niaith iaeanoue i?aeiyooy, c
iaiaai-/aoaa?oe/iei /anii ca’ycaii neai?iii-aeeaiaa caeeiaiiy, ui
aeinyaa? aiie?ooaee 1-1,5 ei. Iaeneiaeueia cia/aiiy OI – 105-110 ia
oii? 60-70 iAo/i2. OI na?ae/eoue i?i iayai?noue a aa?oi?e iaio??
aeiaeaoeiaiai aeaea?aea oaiea, ca?aeii oaieia?e iiaeae? ia aeeaeiao
25-30 ei (a ei??) ? aeeaoa 100 ei (a iaio??) iiaeeeai /anoeiaa
ieaaeaiiy. Cia/aiiy R (7,23-7,64)10-6 aeacothoue ia ei?i-iaio?eiee
ca’ycie a iaaeao aea/a?ii? oa?eoi???. Iecuee? R (oiiia?) c’yaeythoueny
iinooiiai i?e iaaeeaeaii? aei I?eaeuei?enueeiai ia?aaeiaiai i?iaeio, a
inaaeeao yeiai – oeiiai ei?iaee aae?e. Oa?eoi??y a?aei?/a?oueny
?ioaineaiith iaaaoeaiith a?aa?oaoe?eiith aiiiae??th (aei 70 iAe).
A?aa?oaoe?eiee aoaeo caiii? ei?e ? ii?iaeueii? iaio?? ia ca?aa?oueny c
niinoa?aaeaiei iieai (aaee/eia ?icoiaeaeaiiy 190 iAe), aeacoth/e ia
?ioaineaio iaio?eio aiiiae?th, ia oa?aeoa?io aeey aa?oeei?ae. IOC,
aeeiiai? a Ia?eaenueeiio aanaei? ? ia i?eeaaeeo aenooiao ooiaeaiaioo (ia
i?ai?/i?e ia?eoa??? OeOI), iieacothoue, ui aei aeeaeie 80 ei ii??
aenieee ? ??aiy?oueny 5000 Iii, ieae/a – oa? iiooaei?noth 60 ei ia?
iecueeee ii?? – 60 Iii.

Oaeei /eiii, aeeaeii? aaio?ce/i? ia’?eoe cii iieiaei? aeoea?caoe??
A?iai?? ? O?aioe?? iathoue cia/io noiae?noue. Oiio caea?oueny
ia?niaeoeaiei a eiiieaen? c aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieie aeaieie i?iaaaeaiiy
ni?eueieo aaioa?i?/ieo ? ?cioiiieo aae??aeo aeine?aeaeaiue a Oe?a?i?.

I?iaaaeai? c o/anoth aaoi?a aeine?aeaeaiiy ?cioii?? aae?th a Oe?a?i?
aeicaieythoue i?iaanoe iia?aoe?th, iiae?aio aeeiiai?e ia IE ? OeOI, ?
aeey Caea?iaonueeiai i?iaeio. Aeoea?caoe?y aeyaeaia a ?ioaineaieo
aa?oeeaeueieo ?ooao inoaii?o i?eueeii?a ?ie?a (/a?ac 20-25 iei.?. i?ney
iniiaii? oace neeaae/anoino?), iaaiaoeci? (a?e inoaii?o aoocea?a –
iaiueo i?ae 1 iei. ?.) ? a?ae?ioa?iaeuei?e ae?yeueiino?. Aiiiae?y OI
?ioaineai?noth aei 120-130 ia oii? 80-90 iAo/i2 caeia? cia/io /anoeio
oa?eoi??? Caea?iaonueeiai i?iaeio. Naeniieia?/ieie aeine?aeaeaiiyie
aeyaeai? ei?iaee ? iaio?eiee oa?e cieaeaieo oaeaeeinoae – iie??ae? ia
aeeaeiao a?ey 15-29 oa 55-70 ei a?aeiia?aeii. Aecia/ai? ia’?eoe,
a??ia?aeii, ca’ycai? c ciiaie /anoeiaiai ieaaeaiiy. C aeniiaeii aeia?a
ocaiaeaeothoueny na?aeioeoaa i?i aeeaeie ina?aaee?a iieiaeiai iaaiaoecio
(60-65 ? 10-30 ei), anoaiiaeai? ii aeaiei i?i oaiia?aoo?o Eth??
o?oaiiiaaiaoeoiaeo aoocea?a (A.I. Aeaaannueea). A?aa?oaoe?eiee aoaeo
caiii? ei?e ? ii?iaeueii? iaio?? aeyaey? ?icoiaeaeaiiy c niinoa?aaeaiei
iieai ia ??ai? 200 iAe. Iniiaia /anoeia iaaaoeaii? iaio?eii? aiiiae??
iia’ycaia c i?ioeanaie a iaae?ao aeuei?enueei? aaineiee?iae?, aea
o?eueee ?ie aiiiae?th iiynieoe ia iiaeia, iaiao?aeii aaanoe e oyaeaiiy
i?i aeoeaiee i?ioean, noi?iaiaeaeoaaiee ia?aa??aii ei?e e naieo aa?oi?o
ai?eciio?a iaio?? i?ney ia??iaeo aieiaii? neeaae/anoino?. Ca
aaiaeaeo?e/ieie aeaieie a Caea?iaonueeiio i?iaei? ? ia Iaiiinueeiio
ianea? aeyaeaii i?a?ea/anoee i?ia?aeiee a oeaio?aeuei?e /anoei? ei?e ?
i?ia?aeiee a aa?oi?e iaio?? c aeeaeiith iie??ae? a?ey 70 ei. Noia?ia
iiaeiaaeiy i?iaiaeei?noue oeueiai ia’?eoo aeoaea aaeeea – 6000 Ni.
?aaeueia nooi?iue ieaaeaiiy i??ie?oo aeyaey?oueny ia ??ai? e?eueeio
i?ioeaio?a. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiue ?cioii?? aae?th aeae?eaia
yne?aai ae?aaeaia aiiiae?y R=(200-300)10-8 iiaeeco iaae? Caea?iaonueeiai
i?iaeio ? Iaiiinueei? caiaaeeie ? e?eueeio aeanyoe?a ia ?io?e noi?ii?
aiiiae?? OI – a?ey iaae? Caea?iaonueeiai i?iaeio ? Neeaae/anoeo Ea?iao.
Aeoaea ?ioaineai? aiiiae?? R (aei e?eueeio nioai) aeyaeai? ca iaaeaie
Oe?a?ie a Iaiiinuee?e caiaaeei?. Iaeaea? ciie aenieeo cia/aiue R
i?eo?i/ai? aei aeeaeiieo ?iceii?a.

Oaeei /eiii, ia?ae?/ai? aaieiai-aaio?ce/i? aeai? oe?eeii iaaii
aeacothoue ia aeoaea ?ioaineaio aeoea?caoe?th ?aa?iio c yne?aai
ae?aaeaiith iaio?eiith neeaaeiaith. O ?aa?ii? Oe?a?ie, aea iiaeeeaee
iaeii/aniee ?icaeyae on?o o?ueio e?eoa???a aeoea?caoe?? – aeinyaiooi ?o
ocaiaeaeaiiy. Iaaaaeaia ?ioi?iaoe?y i?aeoaa?aeaeo? ni?aaaaeeea?noue
i?iaiico i?i iiaeeea?noue aeei?enooaaiiy ?cioii?? aae?th aeey aeyaeaiiy
cii iieiaei? aeoea?caoe?? ? aeicaiey? niiae?aaoenue ia oni?oio ?ic?iaeo
a?aeiia?aeii? iaoiaeeee.

Aeaaa 4. ?cioii?y aae?th — iien iaoiaeo.

Aae?e – iaea?eueo ?ooiiee aac a oiiaao Caie?, neeaaea?oueny c aeaio
noaa?eueieo ?cioii?a 3Ia ? 4Ia, no?eeeo o?i?/ieo niieoe ia ooai?th?.
Aaiaoe/ii ?ic??ciythoue aae?e: a) ia?aeiiee (R=310-4) – caoiieaiee
iaoith ieaiaoith i?ae /an ?? ae?aoe??; a) ?aae?iaaiiee (R=210-8) –
aacia?a?aii aeieeath/ee a ?acoeueoao? ?iciaaeo ?aae?iaeoeaieo aeaiaio?a.
Iaio?eiee aae?e (R=310-5) ooai?eany i?e ci?ooaaii? ?aae?iaaiiai oa
ia?aeiiiai aae?th a i?iii?oe?? 4Ia?/4IaI=10 : 1. Aoiinoa?iee aae?e
(R=1,3910-6) – ?acoeueoao aeaaacaoe?? Caie? c ia?aaaaeiith aeen?iaoe??th
?cioiio 3Ia o eini?/iee i?ino??. Ei?iaee aae?e – ?aae?iaaiiee. Oe?oeia
aa??aoe?e aaee/eie R ?iaeoue aae?e iacai?iiei ia?aiao?ii aeine?aeaeaiiy
aioo??oiueicaiieo i?ioean?a, iayaiino? ei?i-iaio?eieo ca’yce?a,
aeicaiey? ioa?aeoa??coaaoe i?e?iaeo aeaea?aea ? aecia/eoe /an
aaieia?/ieo iiae?e.

Aae?e aia?oa aeyaeaii o 1868 ?., 4Ia (1895 ?.), 3Ia (1939 ?). Aei 1966
?. noi?ioaaeanue eiioeaioe?y aeeeth/ii ?aae?iaaiiiai iioiaeaeaiiy aae?th
ia Caie?. C 1966 ?. ca ?i?oe?aoeaith ?.I. Oieno?o?ia a?oia
ni?a?ia?oiee?a ?AAAe AI N?N?, AI?A??, OO? AI N?N? i?iaiaeeoue ?cioiii?
aae??a? aeine?aeaeaiiy a ??cieo caiieo ia’aeoao, iaeii/anii
oaeineiiaeth?oueny aenieii?iaeoeoeaia ian-niaeo?iiao?e/ia iaoiaeeea. O
1968 ?. ia Ae?oaiio Ananithciiio Neiiic?oi? ii canoinoaaiith noaa?eueieo
?cioii?a a aaio?i??, aia?oa c?iaeaii iia?aeiieaiiy i?i ia?aeiia
aeaea?aei aae?th a iaio?? Caie?, ui aacoaaeiny ia aeaieo ii
Eo??ei-Eai/aonueeiio ?aa?iio, aea aoee aeyaeai? aiiiaeueii aenie? R – a
6-10 ?ac?a aeu? ca oae? a aoiinoa?? ? a?eueoa i?ae o 100 ?ac?a – o
i?e?iaei?o aacao ei?e. Iaeii/anii aia?eeainueeeie a/aieie a aiaeao
Oeoiai ieaaio aecia/aia iaaei??i?noue 3Ia, ui oaeiae iiynithaaeanue
aeiaeaoeii iaio?eiiai aae?th. A 70-90-o ?ieao io?eiai? /enaeuei?
?acoeueoaoe ?iciiae?eo cia/aiue R o i?aecaiieo oeth?aeao ??cieo ?aa?ii?a
caiii? eoe?. Ca?ac iaea?eueoee ?ioa?an aeieea? aei ?aa?ii?a, aea
aeyaeai? i?iyae iieiaei? aeoea?caoe??.

Aeine?aeaeoaai? i?iae, io?eiai? ca o/anoth aaoi?a o 1995-1998 ?.,
i?aaenoaaeythoue niaith a?euei? aace, ui niiioaiii aeae?eythoueny c
i?aecaiieo oeth?ae?a i?e ?o aeo?eaii? e??cue naa?aeeiaeie, iniauai?
caio?thaaiieie ianinaie, naiiaeeeai? naa?aeeiaeie /e aeaea?aea, aai
a?euei? aace ieanoiauo aaciaeo iieeaae?a, ?ice?eoeo ao??iiyi. Aeey
a?aeai?o oa caa?aaeaiiy i?ia i?e?iaeiueiai aae?th aeei?enoiaoaaeenue
ieyoee i?noe?noth 200-500 ni3. A?aea?? i?ia cae?eniai noaiaea?oiei
iaoiaeii aeoeneoaaiiy. O?oaeiiu?, ye i?aaeei, aeieeaee i?e a?aeai?? i?ia
?c neaaiaacoth/eo aeaea?ae ? naa?aeeiaei, oiio ui c?inoaa /an a?aeai?o
?, a?aeiia?aeii, ?iia??i?noue eiioai?iaoe?? aae??i aoiinoa?e.
Aeei?enoaiiy aeeaeiieo i?iaia?aea??iee?a ia? a?eueoa ia?aaaa, ai
aeicaiey? aeyaeoe caeiiii??iino? ?iciiae?eo ?cioii?? aae?th ye ii
eaoa?ae? oae ? a aa?oeeaeueiiio ?ic??c? ioieo?a ii?iaoaaiiy (ca ?o
aeiiiiiaith ia ii/aoeo 70-o ?ie?a aoa io?eiai cia/iee oaeoe/iee iaoa??ae
i?i ?iciiae?e cia/aiue R a iaaeao OU oa ?i.).

Eiioeaio?aoe?? ? ?cioiiiee neeaae ?ia?oieo aac?a aea/aii a
ian-niaeo?iiao?e/ieo eaai?aoi??yo aaio?iiieia?? ? aaio?i?? ?cioii?a A?
EIOe ?AI (?.E. Eaiainueeee) ? AI?A?? ia iaaieoi-?aciiainiiio
ian-niaeo?iiao?? I?-9302. Oi/i?noue aei???a: a?aeiinia iioeaea
?aeeie/iiai aecia/aiiy i?e R 10-5 neeaaea? aeecueei 5% ? ia a?eueoa
20% i?e R 10-8. Aeey aecia/aiiy aaee/eie R aeinoaoiuei 5-10 ni3 aaco.
Aeae?eaiiy aae?th ?c i?iae ? i/enoea eiai a?ae o?i?/ii aeoeaieo aac?a ?
a?aiio aeeiiaia ia i?eeaae? eiino?oeoe?? Oeii?ia-Aa?e?iaa.

A ?iaio? ?icaeyioo? aeaye? i?eeiie, eio?? aeei?enooaaeeny aeey
ni?ooaaiiy aeaieo ii ?cioii?? aae?th ia aee?eaeai? ??cieie aieeaaie ?
a?euei? a?ae ieo. Aaee/eia iii?aaee o a?eueoino? aeiaaee?a ia ia?aaeuo?
10% aei??yiiiai cia/aiiy R ? cae/aeii ua iaioa. A i?iaao, aea
a?aeiioaiiy 4Ia/20Ne ia aei??yeinue, aaee/eia R ?ic?aoiaoaaeanue
a?aeiia?aeii c? neeaaeii iia?o?yiiai a?aiio. I?e eiioeaio?aoe?yo aae?th
iaaaaaoi a?eueoa aoiinoa?iiai (5,24 ??m), aei?aaeaiiy aaee/eie R
ianooo?aa.

Aei??thaaiiy R, i?iaaaeaia ia ii/aoeo 70-o ?ie?a a Oe?a?i?, ia
noi?iaiaeaeoaaeiny ?cioiiieie aeaieie iaiio ? a?aiio. I?inoa ni?ooaaiiy
io?eiaieo aeaieo aeicaieeei i?eionoeoe, ui ii/eiath/e c aeeaeie aeecueei
100 i aieea aoiinoa?e a?aenooi?e. O a?eueoino? aeiaaee?a oea
ni?aaaaeeeai, aea ia aeeeth/ai? ? a?aeoeeaiiy, oiio noii?ai?, c oi/ee
ci?o iiaeaeueoi? ?ioa?i?aoaoe??, cia/aiiy R aoee aeeeth/ai?.
Ii??aithaaiiy ?ic?aooieiaeo ? aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo (OU) iieaco?, ui
i?e aenie?e aae??iiniino? aiae, eiee eiioeaio?aoe?y aae?th a aacia?e
oac? aiae ia?aaeuo? 0,01 ni3/e, i?enooi?noue a aiaeao aoiinoa?iiai
aae?th i?aeoe/ii ia aieeaa? ia ?cioiiiee neaae ?ic/eiaiiai aae?th, R
aa??th? a iaaeao (1-3)10-8.

C caaaeueieo iiceoe?e iioiaeaeaiiy aae?th c?iaeaii ni?iao iiynieoe oii ?
eiai ?aa?iiaeuei? ? eieaeuei? aa??aoe?? a i?eiiaa?oi?e cii?, ca’yniaaii,
/e ia iiaeooue aooe aeaea?aeii aae?th c aiiiaeueieie R ii?iaee ieaei?e
/anoeie ei?e (“aacaeueoiaiai” oa?o), a ia iaio??. ?c i?iaaaeaieo
?ic?aooie?a aeoiaeeoue, ui eiioeaio?aoe?? ooai?aieo a ieaei?e ? aa?oi?e
/anoeiao ei?e ?aae?iaaiiai 3Ia ? 4Ia aaea a ia?o? 500 iei. ?ie?a
iaaaaaoi ia?aaeuothoue ia?aeii?. Aeey no/aniiai “aacaeueoiaiai” oa?o
?ic?aooieiaa R 110-8, a aeey “a?ai?oiiai“ R 210-8. Oiiiaa cia/aiiy R ia
OU iiai?noth a?aeiia?aea? i?e?iae? cono??iooiai ooo aae?th. Iaeiae,
ii?iaeiooai?thth/? i?ia?aee iaiaeiaeiai i?iaeooeothoue ? cao?eiothoue
3Ia ? 4Ia (?.I. Oieno?o?i), ui iiaea i?eaiaeeoe aei iii?oiiai
a?aeoeeaiiy ?ic?aooieiaiai R a?ae aei??yiiai. ?ic?aooieiaa ?aae?iaaiia R
inaaeiaiai oa?o ca?aa?oueny c R “a?ai?oiiai”. Aea a ?aa?iiao c
ia?aaaaith aeeienoeo ii??ae, a eio?eo o?ioe i?aeaeuai? eiioeaio?aoe??
e?o?th iii?oia ca?eueoaiiy R. Ia aeeeth/aii, ui oeei iiynith?oueny
i?aeaeuaiee oii inaaeiaeo aanaei?a Oe?a?ie, a eieaeueiee ??no
eiioeaio?aoe?e i?eaiaeeoue aei i?noeaaeo aiiiae?e. Iaiao?aei? iiaeaeueo?
aeine?aeaeaiiy.

Aeaaa 5. Aea/aiiy ?cioii?? aae?th a Oe?a?i?.

Ii/eiath/e c 70-o ?ie?a a Oe?a?i? ? ia i?eeaaeeo oa?eoi??yo A?ei?on?,
Iieaeiae, ?in?? ? Oai?ueie a ??ci?e nooiai? aea/ai? OU oa eiai cao?aeiee
noee (A.N.Aeaaianueea), I?ei’youenueea caiaaeeia ? AeAeC
(A.A.O?aai?eiaa), aae Ea?ieinueeiai, E?ei, ?iaeiei-Eoaainueeee i?iaei
(A.A.Iieye), I?eea?iaonueeee i?iaei (A.I.I?anieia), Iaiiinueea caiaaeeia
oa ?i. Ca o/anoth aaoi?a io?eiai? iia? ?acoeueoaoe a Caea?iaonueeiio ?
Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiio i?iaeiao, No?aeieo Ea?iaoao, E?eio, AeAeC, Aeiiaan?
? ia oaeueo? *i?iiai ii?th.

Noi?iiaaia aea??ea cia/aiue R ia aee?eaeaia iiaa?oi?ie i?ioeanaie,
i?iaaaeaii ocaaaeueithaaiiy ?nioth/eo aeaieo i?i R a Oe?a?i? ? a
i?eeaaeeo aei ia? iaeanoae, ioe?iea oiiiaeo ? aiiiaeueieo aaee/ei R a
??cieo ?aa?iiao. Cia/aiiy R aeey aae?th, ?ic/eiaiiai a o??ueiieo aiaeao
OU ? eiai cao?aeiiai noeeo, ci?iththoueny a oe?ieeo iaaeao: (1-77)10-8.
Iaeiae aaeee? R a?aeiinii ??aee? ? iia’ycai? c ooai?thaaiiyie iaaiiai
aeaiaioiiai neeaaeo. Ii??aithth/e ?o c R, anoaiiaeaieie aeey aae?th a
ii?iaeao ueoa ? I?ei’youenueei? caiaaeeie, aeyaey?ii aeia?o
a?aeiia?aei?noue iniiaieo /anoei oeeo ianea?a aeaieo: iiaeaeuei?
cia/aiiy ? noaiaea?oi? a?aeoeeaiiy (2,42,0)10-8 ? (2,02,0)10-8
a?aeiia?aeii. Ia iniia? iiiaae 600 aecia/aiue R anoaiiaeaii: oiiia? R
(aac iaio?eieo aieea?a), a?aeiia?aeathoue (2,0-2,5)10-8, ca?aath/enue
c na?aaei?i aeey an??e N?I – (2,010-8) (A.A. Iieye); aiiiaeuei? R (c
eea?eiaith eiioeaio?aoe??th e?o?th) – ui ia?aaeuothoue 6,510-8.

C oe??e oi/ee ci?o aaaeei a?aeianoe aei aiiiaeueieo iniiaio iano
cia/aiue R, onoaiiaeaieo aeey aae?th iiiooieo ? aiaei?ic/eiaieo aac?a
I?ei’youenueei? caiaaeeie, AeAeC, E?eio e Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiai i?iaeio.
Iiaeaeueia cia/aiiy ooo – 4,510-8, noaiaea?oia a?aeoeeaiiy – 2,710-8.
Io?eiaia ?cioiiia a?aeiioaiiy aeaui aeua, i?ae ?ic?aoiaaia aeey
cae/aeii? e?eueeino? e?o?th ? U/Th a oa?eaaiieo ii?iaeao –
(3,0-3,5)10-8. I?eaeecii oaea ae cia/aiiy R onoaiiaeaii a
O?iaii-Ia/i?nuee?e i?ia?ioe?? (4,210-8), ia aaeo Ea?i?inueeiai ? a
?iaeiei-Eoaainueeiio i?iaei? (510-8).

O I?ei’youenuee?e caiaaeei? ? AeAeC a?aecia/aia aeayea e?euee?noue yaii
aiiiaeueieo cia/aiue R. O ia?oiio aeiaaeeo oea aeai? ia ae?eyieao, ui
i?eieeathoue aei ?a/eoeueeiai ?iceiio, aea cia/aiiy R neeaaeathoue o
na?aaeiueiio 14,510-8. Oa?aeoa?ii, ui a naa?aeeiaeiao ?a/eoeueei?
ae?eyiee, aea i?iae a?ae?a?ai? c ??cieo aeeaei, R a i?aenieueia?e oiau?
aeua, i?ae o nieueia?e. A AeAeC aiiiaeuei? R neeaaeathoue o na?aaeiueiio
1110-8. *anoeia ae?eyiie c i?aeaeuaieie R o AeAeC ca?aathoueny c
iaeanoth ia?aoeio caiaaeeie E??iaia?aaenueeith aiiiae??th
aeaeo?ii?iaiaeiino?, ?icoaoiaaii? a na?aaei?e ? ieaei?o /anoeiao ei?e.
Cia/aiiy R o in? E??iaia?aaenueei? aiiiae??, yaii ia?aaeuothoue oiiiaa a
oeaio?aeuei?e /anoei? ueoa, i?enoiniaai? aei E??iaia?aaenueeiai ?iceiio
? aeinyaathoue (10-20)10-8. Ia i?aaeaiiiio noee? OU R anoaiiaeth? 810-8,
ia ia?aoei? c AeAeC – (10-20)10-8.

A na?aaeiueiio I?eaeiano?ia’? (ae?eyiea Ni?ienueea), ia e?ath
A?eueoeueei? ciie aeoea?caoe??, cao?eniaai? oiiia? aaee/eie:
(2,0-2,5)10-8.A iaaeao Na?aaeiueiaei?no?ianueeiai (Iiae?eueneiai)
aeeaeiiiai ?iceiio aeyaeaia aaeeea aiiiae?y eiioeaio?aoe?e aae?th a
aiaeao: eiai ooo 15-20% aaciai? oace o??ueiieo aiae ii??aiyii c
0,01-0,2% ia OU. Ia oaeiio oii? aeiaeaoie iaio?eiiai aae?th iaiiaeeeai
aeiaeoe.

Aaeeea iaeanoue no/anii? aeoea?caoe??, ui caeia? cia/io /anoeio
Iaiiinueei? caiaaeeie ? oeeueieo i?iaei?a Ea?iao, aea/aia ca iaaeaie
Oe?a?ie. Ooo ei?a nei?i/aii? iiooaeiino? ii?ooaia /enaeueieie aeeaeiieie
?iceiiaie, ui ? i?ecaiaeeoue aei iaeneiaeueieo o ?a?ii? cia/aiue R –
aei 810-6.

Oaeei /eiii, aoea aecia/aia iaiao?aei?noue i?iaeiaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue
ii ?cioii?? aae?th a Oe?a?i? aeey noai?aiiy aeinoaoiuei u?eueii? n?oee
niinoa?aaeaiue, eio?a aeicaieyea a ae?aaiinooaaoe aeoea?ciaai? ?aa?iie.
Ia?o ca ana iiae?ai? ?iaioe ne?ae aeeiiaoe a ?aa?iiao, aea ? a?eueoa
oain?a ia aeyaeaiiy aiiiae?e R: o Ea?iaoao, E?eio, Aeiiaan?, ia
Aieeii-Iiae?euenuee?e ? Iieaeaanuee?e ieeoao, o I?eaeia?oaeaeeinueeiio
i?iaei? ? ia i?aaeaiiiio noee? OU.

Aeine?aeaeai? a No?aeieo Oe?a?inueeeo Ea?iaoao oeth?aee i?aaenoaaeythoue
niaith ??ciiiai?oi? ca neeaaeii aace: aoaeaaiaeiaa?, acioi? ?
aoaeaeeniaa?. Aei??yi? eiioeaio?aoe?? aae?th ci?iththoueny a oe?ieiio
ae?aiacii? a?ae 0,1 aei 249 ppm, a?aeaeaath/e ciiaeueiee oa?aeoa?
?iciiae?eo aaco. A aacao Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiai i?iaeio – 5-249 ppm
(iaoaiia? ? acioi?), Neeaae/anoeo Ea?iao – 0,1-23 ppm ? Caea?iaonueeiai
i?iaeio – 4-58 ppm (aoaeaeeniaa?).

Iaeiaiueo? aaee/eie R a?aecia/athoueny a Ia?aaeea?iaoueneiio i?iaei? –
(1,4-4,8)10-8, Rna?=(2,80,6) 10-8 – a?aeiia?aeath/e oeiiaiio
?aae?iaaiiiio aae?th. Iae? aa??aoe?? ?, i/aaeaeii, a?aeaeooyi ci?iaiiy
o?ai-oi???aeo ? e?o??aeo eiiiiiaio?a. O cii? aeoea?caoe?? i?ai?/iiai
I?eea?iaooy a ?aeii? ssai??anueei? aiiiae?? OI, c aeayeith aeieath
eiia??iino?, iiaea ae niinoa??aaoeny aiiiae?y R. ?? a?aenooi?noue
a?aeiia?aea? aaiaeaeo?e/iei aeaiei, i?ia?aeiee (i?iieeiee) aeeaeiiee
?iceii ooo ia aeae?ey?oueny.

A Neeaae/anoeo Ea?iaoao cia/aiiy R o oeth?aeao cia/ii aeu? –
(15,7-100)10-8, Rna?=4510-8. Aaee/eie R yne?aai aeacothoue ia iiiaaeaiiy
a oeth?aee iaio?eiiai aae?th, iacaaaeath/e ia a?aenooi?noue i?iya?a
iaeiia?oiai iaaiaoecio.

Iaeneiaeuei? aaee/eie R cao?eniaai? a aeaio ioieoao Caea?iaooy –
Aa?aaiai R=20110-8 ? Oayi R=31410-8, cana?ae/oth/e i?i ua a?eueo?
aeii?oee iaio?eiiai aae?th o oeth?aeao. Iaeaeaa ioieoe ?icoaoiaai? a
cii? I?eiaiiinueeiai aeeaeiiiai ?iceiio. Ciia oa?aeoa?eco?ony oe?ieei
?iciianthaeaeaiiyi iaaiaoe/ieo ooai?aiue. Iaeiae, a ?aeii? Oaeai?iaea
niinoa??aathoueny iaeaea oae? ae iecuee? cia/aiiy R (3,810-8 ? 5,710-8),
ye ? a Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiio i?iaei?, ui iiee ia ia? iaeiicia/iiai
iiynithaaiiy.

Ei?aeyoe?y iii?ae aei??yieie aaee/eiaie R ? 4Ia niinoa??aa?oueny o?eueee
ai oeth?aeao Neeaae/anoeo Ea?iao (cana?ae/oth/e i?i ci?oaiiy iaio?eiiai
? ei?iaiai aae?th), o Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiio i?iaei? ?? iaia?, a
Caea?iaonueeiio i?iaei? – aiia ia iaa?oioiaaia ?c-ca iaaeinoaoiino?
aeaieo, aea iaaii ?nio?.

Anoaiiaeaia ei?aeyoe?y cia/aiue OI ? R, c an?ia iciaeaie aeoeaiiai
aeeaeiiiai i?ioeano a Caea?iaonueeiio i?iaei? ? Neeaae/anoeo Ea?iaoao.
Aiiiae?y R a?aenooiy a Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiio i?iaei?, i?ae eio?ei EOAe ia
i?aei?iaeenue.

Eiioeaio?aoe?? aae?th a ??cieo oeiao oeth?ae?a E?eio ia? oe?ieo iaaeo
aa??aoe?e – a?ae 30 aei 6767 ppm. I?i?iaeuei? cia/aiiy a?aei?/ai? a
aacao ?iaeiei-Eoaainueeiai i?iaeio (30-140), a ??aieiiiio E?eio –
180-260. Ooo aace oa?aeoa?ecothoueny ia?aaaaith eiioeaio?aoe?e CH4
(40,2-98,5 % ia). I?aeaeuaieie eiioeaio?aoe?yie aae?th a?aei?/athoueny
aace E?einueeiai iaaaaioeee?ii??th – (300-463 ppm), i?aaenoaaeai?
acioieie aacaie (68,2-93,7 % ia).

Acioi? aace cono??/athoueny ? a ??aieiiiio E?eio, a i?noeyo iaaeeaieiai
caeyaaiiy ooiaeaiaioo (i. ?aiaoi??y: iaeaicie – ia aeeaeiao 841-870 i),
aea eiioeaio?aoe?y aae?th (6603, 6767 ??m) ia ii?yaeie ia?aaeuo? oaeo a
A??nueeiio E?eio. A ioieo? a?aeai?o (i.a.) Naee (2668) a caaaeueiiio
aaciaiio neeaae? i?aaaeth? acio – 96,2 % ia, a i.a. N?ciaea (1730) –
acioa 68,5 % ia. A i.a. ssioa?ia (2850) aeii?io? iaoai — 68,2 % ia,
acioo — 22,5 % ia.

Ia?aaaaeia /anoeia c?ace?a ia? iaaoiiaaiia iioiaeaeaiiy aae?th. ?iceeae
cia/aiue eiioeaio?aoe?e aae?th a aacia?e oac? oeth?ae?a aeeeeeaiee ?o
iaiaeiaeiaith caaaeueiith aaciiane/ai?noth, ui aecia/aia iae?iaacaie.
Aaee/eia R o oeth?aeii?iyaao E?eio ci?ith?oueny a?ae 3,110-8 aei 40,8
10-8. Aiiiaeuei? R io?eiai? i?aeoe/ii iianthaee, ui na?ae/eoue i?i
iayai?noue a aeine?aeaeoaaieo aacao aeiaeaoeo iaio?eiiai aae?th, ca
aeeeth/aiiyi aac?a Ea?/ainueeiai i?aino?iao. Ea?/ainueei-Oaiainuee?e
a?oaeiaoeeai?/i?e iaeano? a?aeiia?aea? Rna?= 4,3610-8 (A.A. Iieye).

?iceeae ?aeeie/ieo R a aacao ??aieiiiai E?eio ? eiai i?ai?/ii-cao?aeiiai
oaeueoo neeaaea? (3,1-24,4)10-8, Rna?=110-7. A iaaeao Oa?oaieoonueei?
ciie aeoea?caoe?? ia Ae?aianuee?e ae?eyioe? (12-18)10-8, iiaoaeiaaia
aaiaeaeo?e/ia iiaeaeue, ia aea? iiaeeeaino? noaeeoe i?i iayai?noue /e
a?aenooi?noue aeia?a i?iieei?e ciie ?iceiio. A aeaieo ii oaeueoiaei
naa?aeeiaeiai *i?iiai ii?y (Ea?e?i?onueeiai i?iaeio) i?ine?aeeiao?oueny
/?oea oaiaeaioe?y c?inoaiiy cia/aiue R c aeeaeiith, ii i??? iaaeeaeaiiy
aei ooiaeaiaioo.

Aace E?einueeiai iaaaaioeee?ii??y aeacothoue ia i?enooi?noue a ieo
1,5-3,2 % iaio?eiiai aae?th, R=(6,1-40,8)10-8, Rna?=2110-8. Iaea?eueoa a
E?eio aaee/eia R=40,8 10-8 a?aecia/aia ia aeaea?ae? Aaeaee-No, yea
?icoaoiaaii a iaaeao Ea/einueeiai i?aeiyooy A??nueeiai E?eio.

C?noaaeaiiy aaee/ei R ? OI a E?eio iieaco?, ui ca’ycie ia aeoaea
ae?aciee, iaeiae iaeaeaa ia?aiao?e i?i?iaeuei? a iaaeao
?iaeiei-Eoaainueeiai i?iaeio ? i?aeaeuai? ia Neeonuee?e ieeo?
(A.A.Iieye). Iiceoeaia ei?aeyoe?y oeeo ia?aiao??a aeyaey?oueny a
Ea/einueeiio i?aeiyoo? A??nueeiai E?eio (Aaeaee-No). Oaea ae ei?aeyoe?y
a?aecia/a?oueny ? a iaaeao Oa?oaieoonueei? ciie aeoea?caoe??, aea
a?aenooi?noue aeaieo ii cia/aiiyi R a iaaeao oeaio?aeueii? ae?eyiee
E?eio ia aeicaiey? i?aeoaa?aeeoe ooo iiceoeaio aiiiae?th OI.

Aae??a? ?cioiii? aeine?aeaeaiiy /i?iiii?nueeith aeniaaeeoe??th NOA ?
Oo?oe?? (1988 ?.) a iaaeao i?aaeaiii? /anoeie *i?iiai ii?y, iieacothoue,
ui a aiaei?e eieiioe? ciaoiaeeoueny a na?aaeiueiio 13% iaaeeeoeo (3He).

Iaea e?euee?noue aecia/aiue R a Aeiiaan?, ia i?eieeath/eo /anoeiao noeeo
Ai?iiacueeiai ianeao aeicaiey? c?iaeoe o?eueee iiia?aaei? aeniiaee i?i
??aaiue ia?aiao?o. Oiiia? cia/aiiy ooo aeecueee – 2 ? 3 a?aeiia?aeii, ?
iii?oii ia a?ae??ciythoueny a?ae io?eiaieo o AeAeC (41).

Aeaoaeueia aea/aii?noue OI o AeAeC ? Aeiiaan? aeicaiey? i?iaanoe
ii??aiyiiy R c OI i?e a?aenoaiyo iii?ae ioieoaie aecia/aiue ia?aiao??a
ia a?eueoa aeae?eueeio e?eiiao??a. I?ae aaee/eiaie R ? OI anoaiiaeaia
iiceoeaia ei?aeyoe?y. Oiiiaiio cia/aiith OI o AeAeC (45 iAo/i2)
a?aeiia?aea? aeecueea aei oiio cia/aiiy R a i.a. Oaaae?iea, aeae?eueea
i?aeaeuaiiio OI o i.a. Aiaaoienueea (R=9,510-8) ? ?o?aiianueea (9,6).
Oiiiaee OI Aeiiaano – 50 iAo/i2, ui ni?aiaaea? c na?aaeiueith eiai
aaee/eiith a i.a. c na?aaei?i R=3 (5010 iAo/i2). Aiiiaeueiee OI i.a.
Eiinoaio?iiiieue a?aeiia?aea? ?aeeiiio cia/aiith R, ui a?ae??ciy?oueny
a?ae oiio a Aeiiaan? (12,3). Ioieo aecia/aiiy ciaoiaeeoueny a cii?
aeeaeiiiai ?iceiio, iiia?a/iiai i?inoyaaiiy Aeiiaano. Aei iueiai
i?eo?i/aia ? aiiiae?y OI.

Ia ?o?ai?anuee?e ieiu? aeyaeaia cina?aaeaeai?noue i?aeaeoaiiy R aei
?iceiio, iiia?a/iiio i?inoyaiaiith AeAeC ? eieaeueii? no?oeoo?e. Aaea ia
iaaaeee?e (a ia?o? e?eiiao?e) a?aenoai? a?ae iueiai aeieea? nei?i/aiiy R
(16-8-4 a?aeiia?aeii) aei oiiiai? aaee/eie. Iiaoaeiaaii ocaaaeueiaiee
?iciiae?e OI aeey i’yoe no?oeoo? AeAeC c aenieeie cia/aiiyie R (a
na?aaeiueiio 124). Aeyaeaia eieaeueia iiceoeaia aiiiae?y OI, iaeneioi
eio?i? (65 iAo/i2) a?aeiia?aea? iiia?a/iiio ?iceiio. Niaae aiiiae?? aei
oiiiaeo cia/aiue aeieea? ia a?aenoai? a 2 ei. Oiio caea?oueny oe?eeii
c?icoi?eei, ui a i.a. Iiainae?aea o?eno?oueny oa?eoi??aeueia aeec?noue
aenieiai OI ? i?aeoe/ii oiiiaiai (i?ney aaaaeaiiy iii?aaee) R.

Ii aaieia?/iei aeaiei aiiiae?? R ? OI iia’ycai? c iaaeeaeaiiyi aei
iiaa?oi? ii i?iieeiei ciiai ?iceii?a aeeaeiieo aenieiiai??ieo oeth?ae?a
?c i?ia?ae?caoe??th, ui aeaco? ia ?o iaaiaoe/ia iioiaeaeaiiy. Oea
/anoeia i?ioeano no/anii? aeoea?caoe?? Aeiiaano ? a?eueo?e /anoeie
AeAeC, eio?ee aeeeeeaa, cie?aia, oi?ioaaiiy aaaaoueio ?iaeiaeu
aoaeaaiaei?a.

Aeaaa 6. ?cioiii? aiiiae?? ? ciie no/anii? aeoea?caoe?? oa?eoi???
Oe?a?ie.

A aeaa? i?iaaaeaii c?noaaeaiiy aaee/ei R ? OI. Ia aeieaia??enuee?e
ieaooi?i? aeine?aeaeaii ?cioii?th aae?th ia /ioe?ueio aiiiae?yo OI, ui
a?aeaeaathoue ciie no/anii? aeoea?caoe??, ?icaeyiooa ?cioii?y aae?th a
ciiao aeoea?caoe?? iieiaeeo ieaooi?i, iai?/aii ia?niaeoeaiee iai?yiie
eiiieaenoaaaaiiy aaieia?/ieo (a?ae?io?i?/ieo) ? aaio?ce/ieo aeaieo o
aea/aieo ciiao no/anii? aeoea?caoe?? a Oe?a?i?, a oaeiae ?yae i?iaeai
?cioii?? aae?th ? iaooiaaciiiniino?.

Anoaiiaeaia ei?aeyoe?y aaee/ei R ? OI, a?ae??ciyth/ayny a?ae
na?aaeiueina?oiai?. Iaeanoue ?nioaaiiy aca?iica’yceo iaio ia?aiao??a a
Oe?a?i? eaaeeoue a iaaeao iiaeeeaeo cia/aiue R n10-8 ? n n10-6, ? aeey
OI 35-110 iAo/i2.

Ia aeieaia??ene?e ieaooi?i? a iaaeao Oe?a?ie ? non?aei?o e?a?i
i?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy ?cioii?? aae?th ia /ioe?ueio aiiiae?yo OI –
ciiao no/anii? aeoea?caoe??.

1. Ii?iaoaaiiy aeeiiaia ia ia?eoa??? A?eueoeueei? aiiiae?? ia
ae?eueieoe? Ni?ienuee?e iiaeeco ciie Aei?no?ianueeiai aeeaeiiiai
?iceiio. Aiiiae?? ?cioii?? aae?th anoaiiaeoe ia aaeaeiny, ai ciia
i?aaenoaaey? niaith, ii noo?, ?iaeiaeua ei?iaiai aae?th.

2. A oeaio?aeuei?e /anoei? ueoa ?icoaoiaaia E??iaia?aaenueea ciia
no/anii? aeoea?caoe??, ui i?inoyaa?oueny a AeAeC ? aeae? ia noee
Ai?iiacueeiai ianeao ia i?aii/? ? ia I?aaeaiiioe?a?inueeo iiiiee?iaeue
ia i?aaei?. Ia aeeeth/aii ?? niieo/aiiy ia oaeueo? *i?iiai ii?th c
Oa?oaieoonueeith ciiith aeoea?caoe??, ui aea/aia a E?eio ? ia oaeueo?.
?cioii?y aae?th aea/aia a oeaio?? ueoa, a iaeiiio ioieo? ia
I?aaeaiiioe?a?ine?e iiiieeeiae? ? a aeayeeo ioieoao a AeAeC. Ia ueo? a
ia?aaaaei?e a?eueoino? io?eiai? ei?ia? cia/aiiy R. Eeoa iaeeieoe?
aecia/aiue a?eueo /e iaiueo a??ia?aeii iiaeooue aeacoaaoe ia iayai?noue
iaio?eii? i?oee. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie ?ioa?i?aoaoe?? aiiiae?? OI oe?oeia
i?iieeii? ?iceiiii? ciie neeaaea? anueiai 200 i. Cia/aiiy R aeinyaathoue
17. Ia oa?eoi??? I?aaeaiiioe?a?nueei? iiiiee?iae? anoaiiaeaii R=810-8.
Oea iaaaeeea aaee/eia, aea ana ae oaee a?ae??ciyth/ayny a?ae oiiiai?
aeey ieaooi?ie ia 4-6. A cii? aeoea?caoe?? o iaaeao AeAeC o o?ueio
ioieoao aeyaeai? cia/aiiy R 8-18, 13 e 17. On? o?e ioieoe ?ici?uai? a?ey
e?a?a ei?iaiai i?ia?aeiiai ia’?eoo (iaaii, aeoea?ciaaii? ciie). Naia
ooo, ye aeacothoue aeai? ia OU, iiaeeeai aeieeiaiiy i?iieeieo ?iceiiieo
cii. O aeaiiio aeiaaeeo aiie iathoue i?ai?/ii-no?aeia (aai
noaia?eae?iiaeueia) i?inoyaaiiy, ia?iaiaeeeoey?ia i?inoyaaiith AeAeC.
Oaeei /eiii, ia anueiio i?inoyaaii? ciie aeoea?caoe??, ia aeeaey/enue ia
?? iaeeaaeaiiy ia ?aa?iie c nooo?ai ??ciith aaieia?/iith i?aae?noi???th,
aiia a?aei?/a?oueny aiiiae??th ?cioiiiiai a?aeiioaiiy aae?th, yea
na?ae/eoue i?i iaio?eio neeaaeiao i?ioeano.

3. A i?ai?/i?e i?eai?oia?e /anoei? I?ei’youenueei? caiaaeeie anoaiiaeaia
?ioaineaia aiiiae?y OI, aeyaeai? ciie iecueeeo iii??a ? oaeaeeinoae
naeni?/ieo oaeeue o ei?? ? aa?oi?o ai?eciioao iaio??. Naia ooo a o?ueio
ioieoao a?ey ?a/eoeueeiai ?iceiio anoaiiaeai? aiiiaeuei? aaee/eie R a?ae
11 aei 22. I?aaenoaaey?oueny i/aaeaeiith iayai?noue iaio?eii? i?oee
aae?th ? o/anoue iaio?? a aeoeaiiio i?ioean?.

4. Neooaoe?y a AeAeC i?aaeaiii-no?aei?oa i?noey ?? ia?aoeio c
E??iaia?aaenueeith ciiith aeoea?caoe?? i?aeaea?oueny ae?aaiinoeoe? ua
neeaaei?oa, i?ae o iaaeao inoaiiuei?. A nenoai? aeieac?a iii?oio ?ieue
a?ae?a?athoue aeai? ii ?cioii?? aae?th. A AeAeC (iica ?aeiiii ia?aoeio)
? aeaa ioieoe c i/aaeaeieie aiiiae?yie R. Ooo eiai cia/aiiy aeinyaa? 9,5
? 8-16. A?aei?oeii, ui ? ua 10 ioieo?a c na?aaei?i cia/aiiyi R=6,10,7,
ui iii?oii a?ae??ciythoueny a?ae ?ioeo (oiiiaeo ?) c na?aaei?i cia/aiiyi
3,70,5.

Oaeei /eiii, ? a oe??e, neeaaei?e aeey ae?aaiinoeee cii? aeoea?caoe??,
aea/aiiy ?cioii?? aae?th a?a? iiceoeaio ?ieue aaaeeeaiai e?eoa??th aeey
anoaiiaeaiiy oa?aeoa?o i?ioeano.

Ia oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie aea/ai? ii ?cioii?? aae?th i’youe cii aeoea?caoe??
ia o?aaiaio? eaeaaeiinueei-aa?oeeinueei? Cao?aeii-?a?iiaenueei? ieeoe
(ssai??anueea), aa?oeeinueei? (Aeiiaanue-ea), e?ia??enueei? Neeonueei?
ieeoe (aiiiae?? Oa?oaieooo ? oaeueoo *i?iiai ii?th, A??nueei-ai E?eio ?
?aiaoi??enueeiai i?aeiyooy), a aeuei?eneiio Caea?iaonueeiio i?iaei?
(Caea?iaonueea) ? a iieiae?e caiaaeei? *i?iiai ii?y.

1. Iaaaeaeei ia oe?e noaae?? aeine?aeaeaiue aeyaeeiny aea/aiiy ?cioii??
aae?th a iaaeao ssai??anueei? aiiiae?? OI. O aeaoo i?iaao a?ae?a?aiiai
aaco c aaciiiooeiaeo naa?aeeiaei aaee/eia R aeyaeeany /enoi ei?iaith,
oiiiaith. Ia oeae /an i?iaaaeai? aeiaeaoeia? ii?iaoaaiiy aeaea?ae a
oeueiio ?aeii?.

2. ?cioiiia a?aeiioaiiy aae?th a Aeiiaan? aea/aii iiee c iaaaeeeith
aeaoaeueiinoth. Ia cae/aeiiio aeey ieaooi?ie oii? (R neeaaea? aeecueei
2-3), eio?ee i?aeoe/ii ia a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae anoaiiaeaiiai (anueiai a
aeaoo ioieoao) ia noee? Ai?iiacueeiai ianeao, o?eno?ony iaeia oi/ea c
aiiiaeueiei ?cioiiiei a?aeiioaiiyi (R aei??aith? aeecueei 12). Aiii
cao?eniaaii a iaaeao i?aaeaiii? ciie aiiiaeueiiai OI a oi/oe? ??
ia?aoeio c iiia?a/iith ciiith Aieiiaaonueei-*a?ioo?inueeiai ?iceiio. Ia
i?iaeiaaeaii? i?aaeaiiiaeiiaoeueei? aiiiae?? OI aaea a iaaeao AeAeC
onoaiiaeaii ae?oaa aiiiaeueia cia/aiiy R ia Aiaaoiene?e ieiu?.

Oaeei /eiii, o Aeiiaan?, iiee ui ia ??ai? iaeeie/ieo aeaieo,
anoaiiaeth?oueny a?aeiia?i?noue ciie no/anii? aeoea?caoe?? aiiiaeuei?e
?cioii??? aae?th.

3. A cao?aeiiio E?eio, ia Oa?oaieoo?, ? a i?eeaae?e aei iueiai /anoei?
oaeueoo *i?iiai ii?th ciia aeoea?caoe?? o?eno?oueny aenieei oaieiaei
iioieii, aiiiae?yie iecueeiai iii?o ? oaeaeeino? naeni?/ieo oaeeue o
ei?? ? iaio??. Ooo ii??aiyii aaaaoi aecia/aiue ?cioiiiiai a?aeoiioaiiy
aae?th a aac? aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu. A ioieoao aeyaeai aac c aenieei R ia
noo? ? oaeueo?. Ca’ycie ciie iieiaei? aeoea?caoe?? ? aiiiae?e ?cioii??
aae?th ia aeceaa? noii?a.

4. Ciia aeoea?caoe?? A??nueeiai E?eio, iiaeeeai, iia’ycaia c
Oa?oaieoonueeith, i?i ui na?ae/eoue aenieee OI ia no?aeiiio
i?iaeiaaeaii? inoaiiuei? – ia Iiainae?anueeiio i?aeiyoo?, ia
?aiaoi??eneiio i?aeiyoo? ? a aeayeeo ?aeiiao naiiai A??nueeiai E?eio, a
oaeiae ?iciiae?e aeaeo?ii?iaiaeiino? a ei??. Cae/aeii, aieiaia iciaea
oe??? ciie – ??cea iieiaea i?aeiyooy (aei 1100 i ca inoaii? 5 iei. ?.)
aeania A??nueeiai E?eio. I?i i?aeaeuaio aaee/eio R a oe??e cii?
aeoea?caoe?? aeieeaaeii neacaii aeua.

5. Ciia aeoea?caoe?? Caea?iaonueeiai i?iaeio aeae?ey?oueny ii
aaieia?/iei iciaeai – ia?aaeon?i iaaiaoecio. Ooo cao?eniaai? /enaeuei?
aaio?ce/i? iciaee aeoea?caoe?? ? ?ioaineaia aiiiae?y R.

?cioiii? aiiiae?? aae?th ia ? ?aeeieie iiaeeeaeie aaieiai-aaio?i?/ieie
iciaeaie iieiaei? aeoea?caoe??. Aeey oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie iiaeeeai
?icaeyiooe ia aeinoia??iiio ??ai? i?aeoe/ii o?eueee iaeia yaeua
a?ae?iaaieia?/ii? (a?ae?io?i?/ii?) ?iaa?n??. A aeeaieeo inaaeiaeo
aanaeiao Oe?a?ie – a AeAeC, Aeiiaan?, /anoeiai a Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiio
i?iaei? – ia oii? c?inoaiiy i?ia?ae?caoe?? i?aecaiieo aiae c aeeaeiith,
ui nyaa? eiioeaio?aoe?? nie? 200-400 a/e, aeyaeythoueny aiaee ?c ??cei
iiieaeaiith i?ia?ae?caoe??th ? ?ioei o?i?/iei neeaaeii ?ic/eieii?
?a/iaeie (A.A. Eieiae?e, A.?. Eoe?i). I?ia?ae?caoe?y iaaea? a AeAeC aei
10 a/e, o Aeiiaan? – aei 1-66 (a na?aaeiueiio – 2-3) a/e. Cai?noue
cae/aeii? a inaaeia?e oiau? nie?, ui aecia/athoue oei?-iao??eiaee ?
oei?-eaeueoe?eiaee oeie aiae, aiia noa? a?ea?aiiaoii-iao??eiaith c
aeiaeaoeaie ai?o, ?ooo?, ??ceei c?inoaiiyi eiioeaio?aoe?e aoaeaeeniaaiai
aaco, aoaeaaiaei?a (ia?aaeon?i – iaoaio), aiaeith, aae?th. A Aeiiaan?
niinoa??aa?oueny cia/ia eaoa?aeueia ciiaeuei?noue neeaaeo aac?a: o
oeaio?? eiai no?aeii? iieiaeie iioe?ai? aoaeaeeniaaee aac ? aiaeaiue,
aaeee? eiioeaio?aoe?? iaoaio a?aecia/ai? o?eueee ia ia?eoa??? aanaeio.
Aeeaeii? aiaee oa?aeoa??cothoueny cia/iei iaaei??iei oeneii, a i?noeyo
?o aeoiaeo i?ae ae?aioth/? ooai?aiiy ?icaeaathoueny ciie aiiiaeueii
aenieeo ieanoiaeo oene?a c eiao?oe??ioii aiiiaeueiino? aei 2.
I?e?iaeiuei, oae? ciie ia ni?iiiaei? ?nioaaoe aaieia?/ii o?eaaeee /an
aac aeeaeaiiy cieco, ui aeaco? ia no/ania i?iaeiaaeaiiy i?ioeano.
Aecia/aiiy aaniethoiiai a?eo a?ooi?a, ui o?enothoue a ii?iaeao iaae
ca’ycaiieie oe?ie aiaeaie iieeaaeaie aoaeaaiaei?a, i?eaiaeeoue aei
cia/aiue iaiueo 1 iei. ?ie?a. Oiaoi o?eaath/ee ? aein? i?ioean ii/aany
iauiaeaaii (i?eiaeii? – ia oeeo aeeaeiao). ?icaeyiooa yaeua aeaco? ia
no/anio aeoea?caoe?th.

Aeiaaeueiee iaeyae iieaco?, ui ia?aaaaeia a?eueo?noue ?iaeiaeu
aoaeaaiaei?a oo?eio? ei?iaee aae?e. A e?oa?aoo?? c’yaeythoueny
a?aeiiino? i?i i?eo?i/ai?noue aoai?a iaooiooai?aiiy aei ia??iae?a
oaeoiii-iaaiaoe/ii? aeoeaiino?. Oae a AeAeC o e?ia??enueeee,
ea?ai?enueeee ? no/aniee aoaie aoee noi?iiaai? an? iii?oi? ?iaeiaeua.
A?eueo aeaai? ia caa?aaeenue, caeeoeaoe ne?aee o aeaeyae? anoaeueoeo?a,
iaeueo ? ?i. On? ?cioiii? aiiiae?? aae?th, cono??ioo? ia ?iaeiaeuao,
aeieeee ia no/aniiio aoai?. A?e e?ia??enueeeo aeyaeany aeinoaoiuei
o?eaaeei ia??iaeii, uia cieueoe iaio?eio i?oeo. A I?ei’youenuee?e
caiaaeei? i?eeiyoi e?ia??enueeee a?e ?iaeiaeu (A.?. Eoe?i), iacaaaeath/e
ia i?eo?i/ai?oue ?iaeiaeu aei ciie no/anii? aeoea?caoe??. A ?acoeueoao?
no/ania aeoea?caoe?y aeyaey?oueny oniaaeeiaaiith, ui oneeaaeith?
anoaiiaeaiiy a?eo. A i?ai?/i?e /anoei? caiaaeeie aiiiae?y R i?eo?i/aia
aei ?a/eoeueeiai ?iceiio (iiae?aia ? a AeAeC), i?e/iio a i?aenieueia?e
oiau? cia/aiiy R aeua, i?ae a i?aenieueia?e. Ooo ?iia??ii a?aeiinii
iaaeaai? iaaeoiaeaeaiiy aae?th c iaio?eiith i?oeith c aaeeeeo aeeaei. Ia
aeeeth/aiee ca’ycie ?iaeiaeu aoaeaaiaei?a I?ei’youenueei? caiaaeeie c
oe??th aeoea?caoe??th. Oiio aea/aiiy ?cioiiiiai a?aeiioaiiy aae?th ? ooo
iiaea c?a?aoe iii?oio ?ieue a iaooiaaciiiooeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiiyo, yeui
eiai i???iooaaoe ia ?aa?iie, aea cono??/athoueny iieiae? ?iaeiaeua
aoaeaaiaei?a.

INIIAI? ?ACOEUeOAOE ?IAIOE

A?aeia?aaeathoue ia?oee aoai ?iaioe ii aea/aiith cii iieiaei?
aeoea?caoe?? Oe?a?ie c aeei?enoaiiyi aeaieo ii ecioii?? aae?th. C
ii/aoeo aeine?aeaeaiue (5-6 ?ie?a) aaeaeinue io?eiaoe aeineoue cia/i?
?acoeueoaoe, iniiai? c eio?eo oae?:

1. ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea aeyaeaiiy cii iieiaei? aeoea?caoe?? a Oe?a?i?
ia iniia? aea/aiiy ?cioii?? aae?th a eiiieaen? c aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieie
iaoiaeaie.

2. I?iaaaeaii aenia?eiaioaeueia aeine?aeaeaiiy ?cioii?? aae?th a ??cieo
aaieia?/ieo ?aa?iiao Oe?a?ie: Neeaae/anoeo Ea?iaoao, Caea?iaonueeiio ?
Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiio i?iaeiao, E?eio *i?iiii?nueeiio oaeueo?, AeAeC, ia
noee? Ai?iiacueeiai ianeao, Aeiiaan? oa I?aaeaiiioe?a?inuee?e
iiiiee?iae?.

3. Aeyaeai? aiiiae?? ?cioiiiiai a?aeiioaiiy aae?th a Neeaae/anoeo
Ea?iaoao, oa?aeoa?ecoth/? aeania aeuei?eneo aain?iee?iaeue Ea?iao.

4. Anoaiiaeai? aiiiae?? ?cioii?? aae?th a ciiao iieiaei? aeoea?caoe??
Caea?iaooy, Oa?oaieoonueeiai i?aino?iao E?eio oa oaeueoo *i?iiai ii?y,
A??nueeiai E?eio, Aeiiaano, AeAeC, I?ei’youenueei? caiaaeeie ?
E??iaia?aaenueeiai aeieo OU, ui iaeiicia/ii aeacothoue ia iaio?eio
i?e?iaeo oooaoi?o aeoeaieo i?ioean?a.

5. Anoaiiaeaia ei?aeyoe?y ?cioiiiiai a?aeiioaiiy aae?th c oaieiaei
iioieii (eio?a a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae na?aaeiueina?oiai?), ciiaie
a?ae?io?i?/ii? ?iaa?n?? a inaaeiaeo aanaeiao Oe?a?ie (? iai?/aii
?icoe?aiiy oaiaoe/iiai ae?aiaciio aeine?aeaeaiue), c aeayeeie i?iyaaie
iaooiaaciiiniino? (?iaeiaeuaie, ui aeieeee ia inoaiiueiio aoai?
aeoea?caoe??), ui neeaaeathoue cia/io /anoeio a?aeiieo iieeaae?a
aoaeaaiaeiaai? ne?iaeie a AeAeC.

Ia?ae?/eia aeicaiey? noaa?aeaeoaaoe, ui iinoaaeaia ia ii/aoeo ?iaioe
caaea/a a iniiaiiio ae??oaia ? aeine?aeaeaiiy ?icaeyiooiai oa?aeoa?o
iiaeooue aooe i?iaeiaaeai? a iaeaooiueiio.

INIIAI? IAOA??AEE AeENA?OAOe?? IIOAE?EIAAI? O ?IAIOAO:

1. Oa?ania A.I. Ecioiiey aaeey a ciiao iieiaeie aeoeaecaoeee (ia i?eia?a
iaaaaioeeeeii?ey Iaeiai Eaaeaca oa??eoi?ee A?iaiee) // Aeiee. IAI
Oe?aeiu. — 1997. — ? 3. — N. 132—136.

2. Oa?ania A.I. Oaieiaie iioie e ecioiiey aaeey cii iieiaeie
aeoeaecaoeee (ia i?eia?a Oeaio?aeueiiai O?aioeocneiai ianneaa) // Aeiee.
IAI Oe?aeiu. — 1998. — ? 4. — N. 158—160.

3. Ai?aeeaiei A.A., Caaai?iaeiyy I.A., Oa?ania A.I., Onaiei I.A.
Ecioiiiue ninoaa aaeey a ii?iaeao e i?e?iaeiuo aacao caiiie ei?u
oa??eoi?ee Oe?aeiu // Aaioec. aeo?i. — 1997. — 19, ? 4. — N. 24—36.

4. Ao?aoiae/ O.E., Eoeee N.I., Eiaaeiia E.I., Ai?aeeaiei E.A., Oa?ania
A.I. Yeaeo?ii?iaiaeiinoue caiiie ei?u naaa?i-caiaaea Oe?aeineiai ueoa //
Aeiee. IAI Oe?aeiu. — 1997. — ? 10. — N. 125—128.

5. Ao?aoiae/ O.E., Ai?aeeaiei E.A., Eoeee N.I., Eiaaeiia E.I., Oa?ania
A.I. Iaaieoioaeeo?e/aneea enneaaeiaaiey ciiu iieiaeie aeoeaecaoeee
oaeoiiinoa?u naaa?iie /anoe Iieaeaaneie ieeou // Aaioec. aeo?i. — 1997.
— 19, ? 5. — N. 44—49.

6. Ao?aoiae/ O.E., Eoeee N.I., Eiaaeiia E.I., Iei/oe A.I., Oa?ania A.I.
Aaiyeaeo?e/aneay iiaeaeue oaeoiiinoa?u I?eiyoneiai i?iaeaa // Aaioec.
aeo?i. — 1996. — 18, ? 5. — N. 71—79.

7. Oa?ania A.I., Ai?aeeaiei A,A. Oaieiaie iioie e ecioiiey aaeey cii
iieiaeie aeoeaecaoeee // Oaieiaia iiea Caiee e iaoiaeu aai eco/aiey. Ca.
iao/i. o?oaeia / ioa. ?aae. Oooi?neie I.Ae., Iiiia TH.A., I.: Ecae-ai
?OAeI, 1997, N. 180—183.

8. Tarasov V.N., Gordienko V.V., Zavgorodnyaya O.V., Usenko O.V. Helium
isotopes and terrestrial heat flow in the Ukraine // In book “The
Earth’s Thermal field and related research methods, Moscow, Russia,
1998, p. 263—266.

9. T.K. Burakhovich, V.V. Gordienko, I.V. Gordienko, S.N. Kulik, I.M.
Logvinov and V.N. Tarasov. Quasi 3D Geoelectrical Model for the
Geotraverse EUROBRIDGE (Ukraine) // Aaioec. aeo?i. — 1998. — 20, ? 4. —
N. 63—64.

Aiioaoe?y

Oa?ania A.I. A?aeia?aaeaiiy cii iieiaei? aeoea?caoe?? ia oa?eoi???
Oe?a?ie a aaio?ce/ieo iieyo oa ?cioii?? aae?th. – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa aaieia?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 04.00.22. – Aaio?ceea. – ?inoeooo aaio?ceee IAI
Oe?a?ie, Ee?a, 1999.

Aia?oa aeey aea/aiiy cii iieiaei? aeoea?caoe?? a Oe?a?i? cai?iiaiiaaii
aeei?enoaiiy ?cioiiii-aae??aiai iaoiaeo. Aaoi?ii i?iaaaeai?
aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy a Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiio ? Caea?iaonueeiio
i?iaeiao, Neeaae/anoeo Ea?iaoao, E?eio, ia *i?iiii?nueeiio oaeueo?,
I?aaeaiiioe?a?inuee?e iiiiee?iae?, Aeiiaan?, AeAeC, ia noee?
Ai?iiacueeiai ianeao, ?ic?iaeaia a?aeiia?aeia iaoiaeeea ae?aaiinooaaiiy
iaaaeeeeo ca ?ioaineaiinoth aiiiae?? R. Aeey aeieaia??enei? ieaooi?ie
anoaiiaeaii – oiiia? R (2,510-8) ? aiiiaeuei? >6,510-8. Aiiiae?? R
ni?aiaaeathoue c aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieie ?acoeueoaoaie iiia?aaei?o
aeine?aeaeaiue. Iieacaii, ui “aacaeueoiaee oa?“ ia iiaea ooai?thaaoe
aiiiae?? R. Anoaiiaeaia ei?aeyoe?y ?cioiiiiai a?aeiioaiiy aae?th c
oaieiaei iioieii.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: ciie iieiaei? aeoea?caoe??, ?cioii?y aae?th,
?aae?iaaiiee ? iaio?eiee aae?e, oii, aiiiae?? R, oaieiaee iio?e,
aaioa?i?y, aaiaeaeo?eea.

Oa?ania A.I. Io?aaeaiea cii iieiaeie aeoeaecaoeee ia oa??eoi?ee Oe?aeiu
a aaioece/aneeo iieyo e ecioiiee aaeey. – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa aaieiae/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 04.00.22. – Aaioeceea.- Einoeooo aaioeceee IAI
Oe?aeie, Eeaa, 1999.

Aia?aua aeey eco/aiey cii iieiaeie aeoeaecaoeee a Oe?aeia (aic?anoii
ianeieueei ieeeeiiia eao) i?aaeeaaaaony eniieueciaaoue iaoiae ecioiiiiai
ioiioaiey aaeey (3Ia/4Ia=R). Cicaeaiiue ?aiaa eiiieaen iaoiaeia
aeoaeiiie aaioeceee o?aaiaae aeiiieaiaiey iacaaeneiuie aeaiiuie,
eioi?ua oeacuaaee au ia iaioeeioth ninoaaeythuoth aeoeaecaoeee.
Ia?aiia/aeueii oaeea ciiu auaeaeyeenue ii aiiiaeeyi OI, caoai a eo
i?aaeaeao i?iaiaeeeenue aaiyeaeo?e/aneea enneaaeiaaiey, i?eaeaeaeenue
naeniieiae/aneea naaaeaiey e ae?. A ?acoeueoaoa no?ieeenue
niioaaonoaothuea iiaeaee oaeoiiinoa?u aeey iiiaeo ?aaeiiia.
Aaieiai-aaioece/aneeie iaoiaeaie oaeaeinue niaeaniaaoue aeiioaoe/aneea
aeoaeiiua i?ioeannu n iaaethaeaaiuie ia iiaa?oiinoe aiiiaeeyie. Iaeiaei
oaeie iiaeoiae i?eiaiei ia anaaaea. A neo/aa i/aiue iieiaeiai i?ioeanna
oaieiaie neaiae, eaeouee eiiaeoeoeaiui iooai, iiaeao ia aeinoeaiooue
iiaa?oiinoe e o.ae. Oiaaea iaeuecy onoaiiaeoue oaeo aeoeaecaoeee e
iaaiciiaeii aua?aoue ?aeii aeey enneaaeiaaiee. Ecioiiey aaeey niaea?aeeo
iaoa?eaeueiua aeieacaoaeuenoaa naiae i?e?iaeu. Ia?iiiay eiee/anoaaiiay
?acieoea iaaeaeo ?aaeeiaaiiui (ei?iaui) e iaioeeiui R iicaieyao
eniieueciaaoue aai a ea/anoaa o?anna?a Caiee, oaeoe/anee iacaaeneii io
ae?oaeo iaoiaeia. N o/anoeai aaoi?a ai iiiaeo ?aaeiiao Oe?aeiu
i?iaaaeaiu yenia?eiaioaeueiua enneaaeiaaiey: a I?aaeea?iaoneii e
Caea?iaoneii i?iaeaao, Neeaae/aouo Ea?iaoao, E?uio, ia *a?iiii?neii
oaeueoa, THaeiioe?aeineie iiiieeeiaee, Aeiiaanna, /anoe/ii a AeAeA e ia
neeiia Ai?iiaaeneiai ianneaa. ?ac?aaioaia iaoiaeeea, iicaieythuay
aeeaaiinoe?iaaoue iaaieueoea ii eioaineaiinoe ecioiiiua aiiiaeee ia oiia
cia/eoaeueiuo iiiao, aucaaiiuo aeeyieai aoiinoa?iiai aaeey eee
aa?eaoeeyie niaea?aeaiee eeoey. Ia iniiaaiee ieiei 600 ii?aaeaeaiee R
noaoenoe/anee ii?aaeaeaii aeey aeieaia?eeneie ieaooi?iu oii ia o?iaia
2,510-8. Aiiiaeueiuie i?eiyou R >6,510-8 – i?e eea?eiauo eiioeaio?aoeeyo
eeoey. Ia eiee/anoaaiiii o?iaia iieacaii, /oi “aacaeueoiaue neie” ia
iiaeao auoue enoi/ieeii aiiiaeueiuo R.

Aiiiaeee ecioiiee aaeey onoaiiaeaiu: a Neeaae/aouo Ea?iaoao, aa?iyoii,
oa?aeoa?ecothuea nianoaaiii aeueieeneoth aaineieeeiaeue Ea?iao, a ciiao
iieiaeie aeoeaecaoeee Caea?iaouey, Oa?oaieooa (e oaeueoa *a?iiai ii?y),
Ai?iiai E?uia, Aeiiaanna, AeAeA, I?eiyoneie aiaaeeiu e Ee?iaia?aaeneiai
aeiea OU, iiaeoaa?aeaeay iaioeeioth i?e?iaeo i?ienoiaeyueo caeanue
aeoeaiuo i?ioeannia. Iie niioaaonoaotho aaieiai-aaioece/aneei
?acoeueoaoai i?aaeuaeoueo enneaaeiaaiee. Onoaiiaeaia ei??aeyoeey
ecioiiiiai ioiioaiey aaeey n oaieiaui iioieii, ciiaie aeae?ioeie/aneie
eiaa?nee a inaaei/iuo aannaeiao Oe?aeiu e n iaeioi?uie i?iyaeaieyie
iaooaaaciiiniinoe (ianoi?iaeaeaieyie, aicieeoeie ia iineaaeiai yoaia
aeoeaecaoeee), ia?acothueie cia/eoaeueioth /anoue ecaanoiuo caiania
oaeaaiaei?iaeiiai nu?uey a AeAeA.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: ciiu iieiaeie aeoeaecaoeee, ecioiiey aaeey,
?aaeeiaaiiue e iaioeeiue aaeee, oii, aiiiaeee R, oaieiaie iioie,
aaioa?iey, aaiyeaeo?eea.

Tarasov V.N. The reflection of zones of recent activization on the
territory of the Ukraine in the geophysical fields and helium
isotopes.-Manuscript.

Thesis for a candidat’s degree in a speciality 04.00.22 – geophysics.-
Institute of Geophysics of National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine,
Kyiv, 1999.

The helium isotopes method is for the first time proposed for studying
of recent activization zones in the Ukraine. Experimental investigations
were made by the author in the Precarpathians and Transcarpathians
troughs, Fold Carpathians,Crimea, Black Sea shelf, South-Ukrainian
monocline, Donbas, DDB and on the slope of the Voronezh massif. An
appropriate low intensity R anomalies diagnostic methods has been
elaborated. For the Precambrian platform the background 2,510-8 R
value and the anomalous ones exceeding 6,510-8 have been established.
The anomalous R values correspond with the geologic-geophysical results
of previous investigations. It is shown that “Basaltic layer” cannot
produce the R anomalies. The correlation of the isotopic ratio of helium
with the heat flow has been found.

Key words and phrases: recent activization zones, helium isotopes,
radiogenic and mantle helium, background, anomalies of R, heat flow,
geothermics, geoelectrics.

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