Iaoe?iiaeueiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao
Aa*einueeee Ieaa A?eoi?iae*
OAeE 631.8:635:631.95
Aieea aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio ia o?iaeae oa sse?noue eaionoe
a?eiaieiai? ia oaiii-n??iio
ii?aecieaiiio a?oio? I?ai?*iiai E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie
06.01.04 – aa?io?i?y
Aaoi?aoa?ao
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe
Ee?a – 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien
?iaioa aeeiiaia ia eaoaae?? aa?io?i?? oa yeino?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? ?i.I.?. Aeooa/e?ia Iaoe?iiaeueiiai
aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo.
Iaoeiaee ea??aieeAeaaeai?e OAAI, aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe,
i?ioani? Ai?iaei?e Ieeiea Ieoaeeiae/, Iaoe?iiaeueiee aa?a?iee
oi?aa?neoao, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e aa?io?i?? oa yeino?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? ?i. I.?.Aeooa/e?ia.Io?oe?ei?
iiiiaioeAeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, i?ioani? Aeanaiei Ieeiea
THoeiiae/, A?eioea?e?anueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao,
caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e aioai?ee oa o?c?ieia?? ?ineei;
Eaiaeeaeao n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, Aaiae?e Aaea??e ?aaiiae/,
?inoeooo caiea?ianoaa OAAI. caa?aeoaa/ eaai?aoi??? aa?iaeieia?? oa
a?ioaoiieia??I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa?inoeooo aa?iaeieia?? oa a?ioaoiieia??
OAAI, eaai?aoi??y aeioieneeieia??, i. Ee?a.Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 12
o?aaiy 1998 ?ieo i 10-00 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii?
?aaee Ae 26.004.04 a Iaoe?iiaeueiiio aa?a?iiio oi?aa?neoao? ca
aae?anith: 252041, Ee?a-41, aoe. Aa?i?a Iai?iie, 15, IAO, iaa/aeueiee
ei?ion 3, aoaeeoi??y 65.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? IAO, 242041,
Ee?a-41, aoe, Aa?i?a Iai?iie, 11, IAO, iaa/aeueiee ei?ion 10.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaii 10 ea?oiy 1999 ?ieo
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
Aaeaaaeei A.O
cAaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Eaionoa ? o?aaeeoe?eiith iai/aaith eoeueoo?ith a
Oe?a?i?, yeo niiaeeaa? ianaeaiiy a iaea?eueo?e e?eueeino?, ii??aiyii c
?ioeie iai/aaeie eoeueoo?aie. O?iaeae ? ye?noue ?? caeeoathoueny
iecueeeie. Ca?aeii aei ni?oi-aaiaoe/ieo oa a?ieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae,
eaionoa, aeineoue aoaeoeaii ?aaao? ia aianaiiy i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea.Oiio,
iaaoaa? aaaeeeaiai cia/aiiy ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a?ioaoiieia?/ieo iaoiae?a
ooee?caoe?? i?aai?/ieo a?aeoiae?a aeey io?eiaiiy iiaeo aeae?a aeia?ea ia
i?noeaa?e ne?iaei? c oe?ieei ae?aiaciiii iieaciee?a yeino?, ui
caaeiaieueiythoue a?ieiai-aaiaoe/i? aeiiae ?ineei ? ia ii?ooothoue
i?e?iaei? eaioethae a?aeoai?aiiy ?iaeth/ino? a?oio?a. Aea/aiiy
aoaeoeaiino? aeei?enoaiiy i?iaeoeo?a a?ieiiaa?n?? i?aai?/ieo a?aeoiae?a
ia oii? oaeineiiaeaieo oaoiieia?e ae?iuoaaiiy aeey iie?auaiiy
aa?io?i?/ieo aeanoeainoae a?oioo, i?aeaeuaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino? eaionoe,
oa io?eiaiiy a?ieia?/ii iiaiioe?iii? i?iaeoeoe?? ? aeooaeueiei.
Caycie c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. ?iaioa aeeiiaia o
a?aeiia?aeiino? c ieaiaie iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue Iaoe?iiaeueiiai
aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. A ia??iae c 1995 ii 1998 ??e aiia aoea
neeaaeiaith /anoeiith oaiaoeee AeIOI 2 “Ioi?iia ? a?aeoai?aiiy
?iaeth/ino? a?oio?a.”, yea aeeth/a? a naaa oaie: c 1995 ii 1997 ??e
“A?ieiiaa?n?y i?aai?/ieo a?aeoiae?a” (iiia? aea?aeaaii? ?a?no?aoe?? 0194
U 01582) oa a 1998 ?ioe?- “ Iioei?caoe?y aeeaeaiiy ?ineei oa
a?ieiiaa?n?y i?aai?/ieo a?aeoiae?a.( iiia? aea?aeaaii? ?a?no?aoe?? 0198
U 007253)
iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiue. Iaoith iaoeo aeine?aeaeaiue aoei
aea/aiiy aoaeoeaiino? aeei?enoaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio ia
oaiii-n??iio ii?aecieaiiio a?oio? I?ai?/iiai E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie aeey
iie?auaiiy aa?io?i?/ieo aeanoeainoae a?oioo, noaa?e?caoe??
i?iaeoeoeaiino? a?eiaieiai? eaionoe oa iie?auaiiy a?ieia?/ii? oe?iiino?
io?eiaii? i?iaeoeoe??. Aeey ?? aeeiiaiiy aoee iinoaaeai? oae? caaaeaiiy:
· i?iaanoe aa?io?i?/io oa aa?iaeieia?/io ioe?ieo i?iaeoeo?a a?ieiiaa?n??
i?aai?/ieo a?aeoiae?a – aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio;
· aeyaeoe aieea aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio ia ?iaeth/?noue oaiii-n??iai
ii?aecieaiiai a?oioo;
· aecia/eoe aaee/eio o?iaeaeiino? oa oiaa?iino? a?eiaieiai? eaionoe i?ae
aieeaii aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio;
· aea/eoe ci?ie yeino? i?iaeoeoe?? i?e o?eaaeiio caa??aaii?;
· aeyaeoe aieea aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio ia aeinooii?noue ?ineeiaie
Zn2+ oa Cu2+ oa ?ic?aooaaoe aaeain oeeo aeaiaio?a;
· aea/eoe aieea aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio ia iaaeoiaeaeaiiy aei ?ineei
157Cs oa Pb2+, ?o ai?no o a?oio? oa io?eiai?e i?iaeoeoe??;
· aecia/eoe aeiiii?/io oa aia?aaoe/io aoaeoeai?noue aeei?enoaiiy
aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio i?ae a?eiaieiao eaionoo.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia ? oai?aoe/ia cia/aiiy ?iaioe. Aia?oa a Oe?a?i?
?ic?iaeaii ? oai?aoe/ii iaa?oioiaaii nenoaio oaeia?aiiy eaionoe
a?eiaieiai? c a?aooaaiiyi oaoiieia?/ieo i?eeii?a ? aeaiaio?a
ae?iuoaaiiy i?e canoinoaaii? i?i?iae?ciaaiiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo, oa
aeei?enoaii? i?iaeoeo?a a?ieiiaa?n?? i?aai?/ieo a?aeoiae?a oaa?eiieoeoaa
? ?ineeiieoeoaa- aa?ieeiiiinoo, oa a?aeoiae?a ioao?aieoeoaa- eoiia?aio.
Anoaiiaeaii, ui canoinoaaiiy iiaeo i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea ni?eyei
iie?auaiith aa?io?i?/ieo oa aa?iaeieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae oaiii- n??iai
ii?aecieaiiai a?oaiieeoaaoiai eaaeinoaeeienoiai a?oioo, oa io?eiaiith
noaa?eueiiai a?iaeath aeniei? yeino?.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Aenia?eiaioaeueii
iaa?oioiaaii iiaeeea?noue aeei?enoaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio i?ae
eaionoo a?eiaieiao ia oaiii-n??iio ii?aecieaiiio a?oio? I?ai?/iiai
E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie ia oii? oaeineiiaeaii? oaoiieia?? ae?iuoaaiiy aeey
io?eiaiiy aenieiai a?iaeath a?ieia?/ii oe?iii? i?iaeoeoe??.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a ?iaioa ? ?acoeueoaoii i?iaaaeaieo
aeine?aeaeaiue ca ia??iae 1995-1998 ?ie?a. Aaoi?ii i?iaaaeai? iieueia?
oa eaai?aoi?i? aeine?aeaeaiiy c aeia?eaaie, ui aea/aeenue, anoaiiaeaia
aa?io?i?/ia, aa?iaeieia?/ia ioe?iea oa aecia/aia aia?aaoe/ia, aeiiii?/ia
aoaeoeai?noue aeei?enoaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio i?ae a?eiaieiao
eaionoo.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe. ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue iaaiai?thaaeenue ia
can?aeaiiyo eaoaae?e aa?io?i?? oa yeino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei?
i?iaeoeoe?? ?i. I.?.Aeooa/e?ia., a/aii? ?aaee oaeoeueoaoo aa?io?i?? oa
a?oioiciaanoaa; aeiiia?aeaeenue ia i?aeia?iaei?e iaoeiai-ae?iaie/?e
eiioa?aioe??, i?enay/ai?e 100-??//th Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo oa 75-??//th eaoaae?e aa?io?i?? oa yeino?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? ?i. I.?. Aeooa/e?ia. (Ee?a, 1998
?.).
Aeena?oaoe?y ?icaeyiooa oa ?aeiiaiaeiaaia aei caoenoo ia noi?niiio
can?aeaii? eaoaae?e aa?io?i?? oa yeino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei?
i?iaeoeoe??, iai/?aieoeoaa oa ieiae?aieoeoaa 16 a?oaeiy 1998?.
Ioae?eaoe??. Ca oaiith aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 5 iaoeiaeo ?ia?o, ye?
iaae?oeiaai? o aeaeaiiyo, ui caoaa?aeaeai? AAE. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy
aeena?oaoe?? aena?oeai? o 1-e a?ioo??, oa 4-o noaooyo.
Ia?i oa no?oeoo?a ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio 3-o
?icae?e?a, ye? neeaaeathoueny c 12 /anoei, aeniiae?a, i?iiiceoe?e
ae?iaieoeoao, nieneo aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e oa aeiaeaoe?a. ?iaioa
aeeeaaeaia ia 160 noi??ieao iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, i?noeoue 17 oaaeeoeue,
13 ?enoie?a oa 17 noi??iie aeiaeaoe?a, nienie aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e
i?noeoue 216 aeaea?ae, o oiio /ene? 31 ?iicaiieo.
iniiaiee ci?no ?iaioe
Ia?eoe, oiiae oa iaoiaeeea i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue. Iieueia?
aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeenue a iai/aaiio noaoe?iia?? eaoaae?e aa?io?i??
oa yeino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? ia aac? OIA “A?ioao” ,
Ai?eni?euenueeiai ?aeiio, Ee?anueei? iaeano? ia oaiii-n??iio
ii?aecieaiiio a?oaiieeoaaoiio eaaeinoaeeienoiio a?oio? ia eaniaeaeieo
noaeeieao. Ai?no aoiono a i?iiio oa?? noaiiaeoue 2,02 %. A?oio
oa?aeoa?ecoaaany iecueeei ??aiai caaacia/aiiy aeey iai/aaeo eoeueoo?
acioii , oinoi?ii oa eae??i, iaa i?aeaeuaio eeneioi?noue a?oioo
(?I-5,4), i?noea oeeieo-16,50-17,10; i?ae?-7,22-7,51; naeioeth-0,56-0,62
ia/ea. a?oioo, ui ia ia?aaeuoaaei iaeneiaeueii aeiionoeieo ??ai?a
(Eeueei A.A.,1992; *a?iuo I.A. oa ?i. 1995.) U?euei?noue caa?oaeiaiiy
a?oioo ?aae?ioeac??i a oa?? 0-40 ni noaiiaeea 59,4 eAe/i2, oea
a?aeiia?aea? 1,6 E?/ei2. I?e oaeiio ??ai? caa?oaeiaiiy a?oioo aaaeeeie
iaoaeaie oa ?aae?iioee?aeaie iiaeeeaa ae?iuoaaiiy
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? a yeeo ai?no oieneeaio?a ia
ia?aaeuoaaoeia iaeneiaeueii aeiionoeieo ??ai?a.
Iaoa?aieia?/i? oiiae a ?iee i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue a?ae??ciyeenue
a?ae na?aaeiueiaaaaoi??/ieo ? ia aoee iiae?ai? i?ae niaith ia i?ioyc?
o?ueio ?ie?a. Aiae?coth/e iiaiaei? oiiae ca 1996 ??e, iiaeia c?iaeoe
aeniiaie, i?i oa, ui aaaaoaoe?eiee ia??iae eaionoe i?ioiaeea a oiiaao
aeineoue aenieeo oaiia?aoo? iia?o?y c iaaeinoaoi?i ??aiai iiaae?a.
Ca iiaaeaie iaeni?eyoeea?oei aoa 1997 ??e. O aaaaoaoe?eiee ia??iae
?ineeie aoee caaacia/ai? iaiao?aeiith e?euee?noth aieiae, oa aeineoue
ni?eyoeeaeie oaiia?aoo?ieie oiiaaie.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeee ca ianooiiith noaiith:
1Eiio?ieue (aac aeia?ea)2Aa?ieeiiiino (6 o/aa), i?ae
eoeueoeaaoe?th.3aea?aaeaioia aeica NPK aei aa?ieeiiiinoo (6o .), i?ae
eoeueoeaaoe?th.4Aa?ieeiiiino (3 o/aa), i?ae
eoeueoeaaoe?th.5aea?aaeaioia aeica NPK aei aa?ieeiiiinoo (3o.), i?ae
eoeueoeaaoe?th.6Eoiia?ai (2 o/aa) i?ae eoeueoeaaoe?th7Eoiia?ai (1 o/aa)
i?ae eoeueoeaaoe?th8Eoiia?ai (2 o/aa) a i?aeaeeaeaiiy9Eoiia?ai (1 o/aa)
a i?aeaeeaeaiiy
Aeice aa?ieeiiiinoo anoaiiaeai? ia iniia? iiia?aaei?o aeine?aeaeaiue,
i?iaaaeaieo eaoaae?ith aa?io?i?? oa yeino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei?
i?iaeoeoe?? Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. I?e aianaii?
aea?aaeaioieo aei aa?ieeiiiinoo aeic i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea
aeei?enoiaoaaee ai?a/io nae?o?o c ai?noii acioo 34,5% (AINO 2-75),
noia?oinoao a?aioeueiaaiee c ai?noii ?2I5-19,5% (AINO-5956-78), 40%-io
eae?eio n?eue (OO6-12-23-75).
Aa?ioaoi?/i? caoiaee ii aeiaeyaeo ca ?ineeiaie i?iaiaeeeenue ca?aeii
oaeineiiaeaii? oaoiieia?? ae?iuoaaiiy eaionoe. I?aiea- ?aiiueiaaniyia,
ia aeeaeio 30 ni. Eoeueoeaaoe?y –a?ae?aco i?ney aianaiiy iaiao?aeieo
aa?a?oeeae?a oa aeia?ea. Eoeueoeaaoi?, ooai?thth/e a?yaee, iiaeiai
ia?ai?ooaaoe aa?oi?e oa? a?oioo , ui iaiao?aeii aeey ae??aithaaiiy
iiaa?oi? oa aeinoaoiueiai ?icioooaaiiy a?oioo. N?aaa- iaaaeii i?ney
eoeueoeaaoe?? c ?ic?aooieo 50000 ?ineei ia aaeoa?, n?aaeeith oi/iiai
aen?ao . Ca?iaea ian?iiy ia aeeaeio 25 ii. A?aenoaiue i?ae ?yaeeaie 36
ni. (Ia a?yae? ?ici?uo?oueny 4 ?yaeee.). Ia i?ioyc? aaaaoaoe??
i?iaiaeeoueny iaeyae eoeueoo? ia iaio, ye aea?/? ia oeaeaeaiue. Oea aea?
iiaeeea?noue i?i?iae?coaaoe aeei?enoaiiy ianoeoeeae?a oeyoii aeai?o
iioeiaeueieo no?ie?a ?o aeei?enoaiiy. ae?iuoaaiiy eaionoe ia a?yaeao
iie?auo? oiiae ina?oeaiiy oa aeeaeaiiy ?ineei, iie?ioo? iia?o?yiee oa
aiaeiee ?aaeeie a?oioo. Oaoiieia?y caiaeeoue aei i?i?ioio iaoai?/iee
aieea ia a?oio a?oioiia?iaieo iaoei oa cia?yaeue, caaacia/o?
ae??aithaaiiy iiaa?oi? a?ooo, aeinyaa?oueny ye?nia ca?iaea i?aai?/ieo
aeia?ea, caaacia/o?oueny ??aiii??i?noue ?iciiae?eaiiy a aa?oiueiio 15ni
oa?? a?oioo aianaieo aeia?ea, ia noai?th?oueny ei?aiaiai?iieeii?
a?oioiai? i?aeioae, caaacia/o?oueny iioeiaeueia aa?aoe?y oa eiioaeo
ian?iiy c a?oioii.
Oe?eia a?yaee – 182,5 ii, a?aenoaiue i?ae a?yaeaie – 0,25 i. Ieiua
iin?aii? ae?eyiee – 125 i2, iae?eiai? – 91 i2. Aeine?ae i?iaiaeeany a
o?ueioe?aoi?e iiaoi?iino?. Oaoiieia?y ae?iuoaaiiy eaionoe ?ic?iaeaia
eaai?aoi???th “A?ieiiaa?n?y i?aai?/ieo a?aeoiae?a” oa A?eoainueeei
iai/aaei eiini?oe?oiii.
A?aea?? c?ace?a a?oioo oa ?ineei i?iaiaeeee a ne?aeoth/? oace ?inoo oa
?icaeoeo ?ineei: 2-4 eenoi/ee, oi?ioaaiiy aieiaee, iau?eueii? aieiaee oa
oaoi?/ii? noeaeino?.
A aeine?aeaeoaaieo c?aceao aecia/aee i?o?aoiee acio ?iinaeaeoeaiei
iaoiaeii; aiii?eiee – c ?aaeoeaii Iannea?a, oioieiei?eiao?e/ii; oinoi? –
oioieiei?eiao?e/iei iaoiaeii, eae?e- ia iieoiaiaaiio oioiiao??, i?ney
iie?iai icieaiiy; ai?no eaeueoe?th oa iaai?th- oeo?eiao?e/iei iaoiaeii;
ai?no i?aai?/ii? ?a/iaeie – iaoiaeii nooiai icieaiiy ; nooi? ?a/iaeie-
a?aa?iao?e/iei iaoiaeii; aecia/aiiy ai?noo a aeia?eaao ?ooiieo oi?i
oeeieo, i?ae? oa naeioeth iaoiaeii aoiiii? aaeni?aoe?? ia
niaeo?ioioiiao?? N-600, i?e aeei?enoaii? aeoyaeee 0,1 I HNO3. Ia?aiao?e
aeiaaeei oaeeue oa oaiia?aoo?i? ?ia?aae??ioe ?aeiiaiaeiaai? Eocyeiaei
TH.A.,oa ?i. (1990).
Eaai?aoi?i? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeee ca?aeii caaaeueiii?eeiyoeo
iaoiaeee a aa?io?i??.( Aa?ioeie/aneee aiaeec. I?aeoeeoi./ .Ai?iaeiee
I.I., oa ?i. (1985); Aa?io?i?y. Eaai?aoi?iee i?aeoeeoi./ .E?niaae A.I.,
oa ?i. (1994); I?aeoeeoi ii aa?ioeiee/Iiae ?aae. A.A.Ieiaaaa (1989)). A
i?aai?/ieo aeia?eaao oa ne?eo c?aceao ?ineei aecia/aee ieoiio
aeoeai?noue ca 137Cs ia noeeioeeyoe?eiiio iaeiieaiaeueiiio
aaiia-?aae?iiao?? ?OA – 01 I 6.
Aecia/aiiy oeeieo, i?ae? oa naeioeth i?iaiaeeee iaoiaeii aoiiii?
aaeni?aoe?? ia aoiiii-aaeni?aoe?eiiio niaeo?ioioiiao?? N-600.
Ai?no a aieiaeao eaionoe a?oai?io N aecia/aee ca iaoiaeii Io???, oeoe??a
– ca iaoiaeii Aa?o?aia, i?o?aoiiai acioo – iioaioe?iiao?e/iei iaoiaeii
ca aeiiiiiaith ?iinaeaeoeaiiai aeaeo?iaeo. Iae?e a?iaeath i?iaiaeeee
iaoiaeii nooe?eueiiai cai?o aieiaie eaionoe. Iaoaiaoe/io ia?iaeo
io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a i?iaiaeeee iaoiaeii aeenia?n?eiiai aiae?co.
Aeiiii?/io oa aia?aaoe/io aoaeoeai?noue canoinoaaiiy aeia?ea aecia/aee
ca?aeii “Eino?oeoeee e ii?iaoeaia ii ii?aaeaeaieth yeiiiie/aneie e
yia?aaoe/aneie yoaeoeaiinoe i?eiaiaiey oaeia?aiee.”(1987)
?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue
1. Aieea aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio ia aa?io?i?/i? aeanoeaino?
oaiii-n??iai ii?aecieaiiai a?oioo. Iao? aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacaee, ui
iaea?eueoee ai?no iniiaieo aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy a a?oio?, aeinooiieo aeey
?ineei, a?aei?/aiee o aa??aio?, aea aeei?enoaiee aa?ieeiiiino a aeic? 6
o/aa. Ai?no i?ia?aeueiiai acioo ca?eueooaaany a on?o aa??aioao a?ae
oace 2-4 eenoi/e?a aei oi?ioaaiiy aieiaee. A ?acoeueoao? iiaeaeueoiai
?icaeoeo eaionoe ai?no eiai a a?oio? ciaiooaaany (oaae.1). Oea iiaeia
iiynieoe ca?eueoaiiyi iio?aae ?ineei a aeaiiio aeaiaio? caaaeyee
?ioaineaiiio iaa?iiaaeaeaiith aaaaoaoeaii? iane. O oaco oaoi?/ii?
noeaeino? ai?no aeaii? oi?ie acioo a a?oio? ia aa??aio?, aea aiineee
aa?ieeiiiino noaiiaea 27,4 ia/100a, a?aeiia?aeii aei iieacieea ia
eiio?ie? 25,9 ia/100a. Aianaiiy aea?aaeaioii? aeice i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea
aei 6 o aa?ieeiiiinoo oaeiae ni?eyei i?aeaeuaiith ai?noo iniiaieo
aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy a a?oio?. Ai?no i?ia?aeueiiai acioo ia oeueiio
aa??aio? o oaco oaoi?/ii? noeaeino? eaionoe noaiiaea 26,4 ia/100a, ui ia
2,5 ia/100a ia?aaeuoaaei aeaiee iieaciee ia eiio?ieueiiio aa??aio?.
Aeei?enoaiiy a aeine?aeao aeic eoiia?aio ia ni?eyei ca?eueoaiith ai?noo
i?ia?aeueiiai acioo a a?oio?. Canoinoaaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo i?ae eaionoo
iaoiiaethaaei oaiaeaioe?th aei ca?eueoaiiy eaaeia?ae?ie?ciaaiiai acioo a
a?oio?. O aa??aio?, aea aiineee aa?ieeiiiino a aeic? 6 o/aa a?i noaiiaea
3,62 ia/100a. O aa??aio? c aea?aaeaioiith aeicith i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea
aeaiee iieaciee aeinyaaa 3,35 ia/100a, ui iiaeia iiynieoe i?aeaeuaiei
i?e?ia?ieia?/ii? aeoeaiino? a?oioo oa i?enei?aiiyi i?ia?ae?caoe??
i?aai?/ii? ?a/iaeie a ?acoeueoao? aianaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo. A ia??iae i?ae
ii/aoeii oac iau?eueii? aieiaee ? oaoi?/ii? noeaeino? a a?oio?
a?aei?/aii ciaioaiiy e?eueeino? ?ooiieo oi?i oinoi?o. Oea iiynith?oueny
iniaeea?noth aaaaoaoe?? eaionoe, yea iieyaa? o oaeaeeiio iaa?iiaaeaeaii?
i?aai?/ii? ?a/iaeie ca ei?ioeee ia??iae. Aeei?enoaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo i?ae
eaionoo a aeic? 6 o/aa, ii??aithth/e c aea?aaeaioiith noiith
i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea, ca?eueooaaei ai?no iai?iiiai eae?th a a?oio? o
oaco 2-4 eenoi/ee ia 1,43 ia/100 a a?oioo. O oaco oaoi?/ii? noeaeino?
eaionoe ai?no eae?th ciaiooaaany. Iaeaeuee ai?no iai?iiiai eae?th a
a?oio? io?eiaii o aa??aio? c aa?ieeiiiinoii a aeic? 6 o/aa.
Oaaeeoey 1 – Ai?no i?ia?aeueieo oi?i acioo a oaiii-n??iio ii?aecieaiiio
a?oio? a ia??iae aaaaoaoe?? eaionoe, ia/100a (a oa?? 0-20 ni), na?aaei?
ca 1995-1997 ??.
Aa??aioeOace ?icaeoeo eaionoeAeine?aeo2-4 eeno.oi?ioaaiiy
aieiaeeIau?eueii? aieiaeeoao coeaeino? eaionoeEiio?ieue (aac
aeia?ea)25,828,425,321,4Aa?ieeiiiino, (6
o/aa)32,436,031,527,4aea?aaeaioia aeica NPK
Aei aa?ieeiiiinoo (6o)32,234,830,726,4Aa?ieeiiiino, (3
o/aa)29,733,729,925,9aea?aaeaioia aeica NPK
Aei aa?ieeiiiinoo (3o)29,933,329,224,7Eoiia?ai, (2 o/aa) i?ae
eoeueoeaaoe?th30,533,130,024,8Eoiia?ai, (1 o/aa) i?ae
eoeueoeaaoe?th30,031,828,423,9Eoiia?ai, (2 o/aa) a
i?aeaeeaeaiiy-34,131,025,7Eoiia?ai, (1 o/aa) a
i?aeaeeaeaiiy-33,029,524,4 Ca aeaieie I/iee?ia A.O., Caoa?/oea
I.A., Naaaaee I.I. oiiae aeeaeaiiy ?ineei eae??i a cia/i?e i???
iaoiiaeai? eiai caianii o a?oio?, nooiaiai ?ooiiino? oa aeinooiiino?
?ineeiai. Ia aa??aioao c eoiia?aiii aenieeo ?acoeueoao?a ia io?eiaii.
2. Aeiin aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy a?eiaieiaith eaionoith a caeaaeiino? a?ae
aianaieo aeia?ea. Iaea?eueoee ai?no iniiaieo aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy a
?ineeiao ia i?ioyc? an??? aaaaoaoe?? aoa a?aei?/aiee o aa??aio? c
aeicith aa?ieeiiiinoo 6 o/aa. O oaco iau?eueii? aieiaee, o ii??aiyii? c
iiia?aaeiueith oacith, ai?no acioo, oinoi?o oa eae?th a ?ineeiao
i?aeaeueany ? aeinyaaa o aa??aio? aea aianaiee aa?ieeiiiino a aeic? 6
o/aa- N- 3,10; ?2I5 – 1,74; E2I – 3,17%.(oaae 2) Ia eiio?ie? oe?
iieacieee noaiiaeee a?aeiia?aeii – N – 2,23; ?2I5 – 1,55; E2I – 2,60%.
Eaionoa aeei?enoiao? aeaiaioe aeeaeaiiy ia i?ioyc? an??? aaaaoaoe??, yea
o?eaa? aeey ni?oo “Aiaaa? 611” aei 140 aei?a. Iniaeea?noue ?? iieyaa? a
oiio, ui aiia ca ei?ioeee ia??iae oi?io? aaeeeo iano i?aai?/ii? ?a/iaeie
? a oeae ia??iae aeei?enoiao? iaea?eueoa aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy c a?oioo.
Iao? aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacaee, ui iaea?eueo iioeiaeuei? oiiae aeeaeaiiy
?ineei noai?ththoueny o aa??aioao, aea aeei?enoaiee aa?ieeiiiino. O oaco
oi?ioaaiiy aieiaee ai?no acioo oa eae?th noaiiaea 2,60 oa 2,71%, i?e
a?aeiia?aeieo iieacieeao ia eiio?ie? – 2,12 oa 2,16% (oaae.2). O oaco
iau?eueii? aieiaee ai?no iniiaieo aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy c?inoaa ? noaiiaea
– N – 3,10; ?2I5 – 1,74; E2I – 3,17%, ia eiio?ie? a?aeiia?aeii 2,23;
1,55; 2,60% . Iao? aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacaee, ui o aa??aioao, aea
aeei?enoaiee eoiia?ai, ?ineeie iaio ?ioaineaii niiaeeaaee c a?oioo
acioi? niieoee oa eae?e, a ii??aiyii? c aa??aioaie, aea aeei?enoai?
aea?aaeaioi? aeice ca NPK. Ioaea, aianaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo ni?ey?
caaeainiaaiiio aeeaeaiith ?ineei iniiaieie aeaiaioaie aeeaeaiiy.
Aeei?enoaiiy eoiia?aio i?ae eaionoo ia aeaaaei cia/iiai aoaeoo o
ii??aiyii? c aa?ieeiiiinoii.
Oaaeeoey 2- Ai?no iniiaieo aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy a aieiaeao eaionoe a
caeaaeiino? a?ae aeia?ea (% ia nooo ?a/iaeio), na?aaei? ca 1995-1997 ??.
Oace ?icaeoeo eaionoeAa??aio aeine?aeoOi?ioaaiiy aieiaeeIau?eueii?
aieiaeeOaoi?/ii? noeaeino?NP2O5K2ONP2O5K2ONP2O5K2OEiio?ieue (aac
aeia?ea)2,121,142,162,231,552,602,281,282,65Aa?ieeiiiino,
(6o/aa)2,601,622,713,101,743,172,851,303,25aea?aaeaioia aeica NPK aei
aa?ieeiiiinoo (6o) 2,501,462,623,051,703,102,741,483,16Aa?ieeiiiino,
(3o/aa)2,431,452,512,851,663,052,651,443,05aea?aaeaioia aeica NPK aei
aa?ieeiiiinoo (3o)2,531,362,432,811,702,942,581,373,10Eoiia?ai, (2 o/aa)
i?ae eoeueoeaaoe?th2,451,312,432,581,682,902,501,433,00Eoiia?ai, (1
o/aa) i?ae eoeueoeaaoe?th2,381,192,202,401,432,723,351,352,87Eoiia?ai,
(2 o/aa) a i?aeaeeaeaiiy2,421,272,352,431,632,832,471,452,97Eoiia?ai, (1
o/aa) a i?aeaeeaeaiiy2,281,162,182,201,382,512,351,322,953. Aieea
aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio ia iaaeoiaeaeaiiy aei ?ineei oa
iaa?iiaaeaeaiiy o a?oio? oa ?ineei? Zn oa Cu. Aeine?aeaeaiiy ii
aecia/aiith ai?noo a ?ineeiao oa a?oio? oeeieo oa i?ae? iieacaee, ui
ai?no oeeo aeaiaio?a ia ia?aaeuoaaa iaeneiaeueii aeiionoeiiai ??aiy.
Aianaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo ni?eyei ciaioaiith ?ooiiino? oeeieo oa i?ae? o
a?oio?, caaeainiaoaaei i?ioean iaaeoiaeaeaiiy aeaieo aeaiaio?a o
?ineeie, ui ni?eyei io?eiaiith aeieia?/ii /enoi? i?iaeoeoe??. O aa??aio?
c aeei?enoaiiyi aa?ieeiiiinoo a aeic? 6 o/aa ai?no Zn2+ oa Nu2+o oaco
oaoi?/ii? noeaeino? eaionoe noaiiaea 6, 79 oa 5,15 ia/ ea i?e
a?aeiia?aeiiio ??ai? ia eiio?ie? 5,34 oa 3,57 ia/ea.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy ii aecia/aiith oeeieo oa i?ae? aoee oaeiae i?iaaaeai? a
aa??aioao, aea aoea aianaia aea?aaeaioia noia i?ia?aeueiiai aeia?eaa
(oaae.3). Aioaaii?cio i?ae aeaiaioaie oeeieii oa i?aeaeth ia aeyaeaii,
aea ai?no oeeo aeaiaio?a a ?ineeiao oa o a?oio? ia?aaeuoaaa iieacieee ia
aa??aioao c aa?ieeiiiinoii ia 1,1-2,0%, ui iiaeeeai ca ni?eyoeeaeo oiia
iiaea aeeeeeaoe iaeiie/aiiy aeaiiai aeaiaioo a ?ineei?.
aianaiiy i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea ni?eyei ooai?aiith o a?oio? oaeaoieo
niieoe, ye? i?aeaeuothoue ?ooii?noue oeeieo oa i?ae? o a?oio? ui
caaacia/oaaei ?o a?eueo aia?a?eia iaaeoiaeaeaiiy aei ?ineei. .O oaco
oaoi?/ii? noeaeino? o aa??aio? c aa?ieeiiiinoii a aeic? 6 o/aa ai?no
Zn2+, Cu2+ noaiiaea 9,26 oa 6,30 ia/ea nooi? ianiai? /anoee. I?iaaaeai?
?ic?aooiee eiao?oe??io?a aeei?enoaiiy aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy c
aa?ieeiiiinoo, eoiia?aio oa i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea iieacaee, ui ca
ni?eyoeeaeo oiia inoaii? iiaeooue aeeeeeaoe iaeiie/aiiy a oeaieiao
?ineei oeeieo oa i?ae? (oaae.3). Ii??aithth/e aeai? iieacieee ia
aa??aioao c aa?ieeiiiinoii oa eoiia?aiii, ne?ae a?aei?oeoe, ui
aeei?enoaiiy inoaiiueiai caaacia/oaaei aaee/eie ye? noaiiaeee
a?aeiia?aeii: o aa??aio? c aeicith 2 o/aa.-Zn-3,5, Cu-4,4%; c aeicith
1o/aa-.5,8 oa 3,8%. ?ic?aooiie eiao?oe??io?a aeei?enoaiiy oeeieo ? i?ae?
c aeia?ea i?aeoaa?aeaeo?, ui ca ni?eyoeeaeo oiia i?ia?aeuei? aeia?eaa
iiaeooue aeeeeeaoe iaeiie/aiiy aeaieo aeaiaio?a a oeaieiao ?ineei.
Ii??aithth/e eiao?oe??ioe aeei?enoaiiy ia aa??aioao c aa?ieeiiiinoii oa
eoiia?aiii, ne?ae a?aei?oeoe, ui ia aa??aioao c eoiia?aiii eiao?oe??iee
aeei?enoaiiy aeu?, ? noaiiaeyoue a?aeiia?aeii: ia aa??aio? c aeicith 2
o/aa- Zn-3,5; Cu-4,4; c aeicith 1 o/aa- 5,8 oa 3,8% a?aeiia?aeii. Ia
aa??aio? c aeei?enoaiiyi aa?ieeiiiinoo a aeic? 6 o/aa eiao?oe??ioe
aeei?enoaiiy oeeieo oa i?ae? c aeia?ea noaiiaeyoue 1,1 oa 3,9%
a?aeiia?aeii.
Ioaea, aeai? iieacieee i?aeoaa?aeaeothoue, ui aeei?enoaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo
oa eoiia?aio ia noai?th? ?eceeo caa?oaeiaiiy ?iiaie oeeieo oa i?ae?
?ineei eaionoe oa a?oioo.
4. Aieea aeia?ea ia ai?no o a?oio? oa iaaeoiaeaeaiiy a ?ineeie137Ns oa
Pb2+. Iao? aeine?aeaeaiiy ii aecia/aiith ai?noo naeioeth oa no?iioe?th
iieacaee, ui aianaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio ni?eyei ciaioaiith
iaaeoiaeaeaiiy o ?ineeie eaionoe oeeo aeaiaio?a. I?e aianaii? 6 o/aa
aa?ieeiiiinoo ieoiia aeoeai?noue ca 137Ns a ?ineeiao o oaco 2-o
eenoi/e?a noaiiaeea 22,2, o oaco 4-6 Oaaeeoey 3 – Ai?no oeeieo oa i?ae?
o a?oio? oa ?ineeiao eaionoe ni?oo “Aiaaa? 611”, ia/ ea, na?aaei? ca
1995-1997 ??..
oaca oi?ioaaiiy aieiaeeOaca iau?eueii? aieiaeeOaca oaoi?/ii? noeaeino?
eaionoeAa??aio aeine?aeoA?oio?ineeiaA?oio?ineeiaA?oio?ineeiaZn2+
Cu2+Zn2+ Cu2+Zn2+ Cu2+Zn2+ Cu2+Zn2+ Cu2+Zn2+ Cu2+Eiio?ieue (aac
aeia?ea)16,047,286,483,3515,36,866,634,2314,436,545,343,57Aa?ieeiiiino,
(6 o/aa)17,928,738,155,4817,428,228,455,1216,487,186,795,15aea?aaeaioia
aeica NPK aei aa?ieeiiiinoo
(6o)19,489,739,885,5518,668,6510,555,9317,217,569,266,30Aa?ieeiiiino, (3
o/aa)16,788,407,633,9316,637,737,864,5515,127,006,335,44aea?aaeaioia
aeica NPK aei aa?ieeiiiinoo
(3o)18,829,119,554,8617,518,689,955,4117,347,888,406,45Eoiia?ai, (2
o/a9) i?ae
eoeueoeaaoe?th18,08,688,655,3817,529,068,855,9516,487,387,327,12Eoiia?ai
, (1 o/aa) i?ae
eoeueoeaaoe?th17,508,408,254,9617,208,178,525,3416,327,267,005,27Eoiia?a
i, (2 o/aa) a
i?aeaeeaeaiiy18,508,699,165,5117,659,469,875,8816,438,128,245,55Eoiia?ai
, (1 o/aa) a
i?aeaeeaeaiiy18,338,438,385,4417,548,358,755,7416,227,927,55,32Oaaeeoey
4 – Aeinooii?noue ?ineeiai eaionoe 137Ns a ?acoeueoao? aeei?enoaiiy
aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio ia oaiii-n??iio ii?aecieaiiio a?oio?,
na?aaei? ca 1995-1997 ??..
Oace ?icaeoeo eaionoeAa??aio aeine?aeo1-2 eenoi/ee4-6 eenoi/eeOi?ioaaiiy
aieiaeeIau?eueii? aieiaeeoaoi?/ii? noeaeino?Ieoiia aeoeai?noue 137Ns,
Ae/eaEi, Ae/ea Ae/eaEi, Ae/ea eAe/eaIeoiia aeoeai?noue 137Ns, Ae/eaEi,
Ae/ea Ae/eaEi, Ae/ea eAene./eaIeoiia aeoeai?noue 137Ns, Ae/eaEi, Ae/ea
Ae/eaEi, Ae/ea eAe/eaIeoiia aeoeai?noue 137Ns, Ae/eaEi, Ae/ea Ae/eaEi,
Ae/ea eAe/eaIeoiia aeoeai?noue 137Ns, Ae/eaEi, Ae/ea Ae/eaEi, Ae/ea
eAe/eaEiio?ieue (aac
aeia?ea)22,20,140,411,80,020,033Ne.ne.ne.ne.ne.ne.ne.ne.ne.Aa?ieeiiiino,
(6
o/aa)41,80,270,7874,30,471,3838,80,0560,16321,20,1350,3945,40,0350,109ae
a?aaeaioia aeica NPK aei aa?ieeiiiinoo
(6o)12,80,080,245,00,030,093Ne.ne.ne.ne.ne.ne.0,80,0050,014Aa?ieeiiiino,
(3
o/aa)33,80,210,6326,70,170,4973,70,0230,06810,90,0680,2012,10,0130,039ae
a?aaeaioia aeica NPK aei aa?ieeiiiinoo
(3o)25,60,160,4838,40,240,7148,10,0520,15112,90,0820,2405,60,0350,104Eoi
ia?ai, (2 o/aa) i?ae
eoeueoeaaoe?th23,10,150,4369,70,441,2978,30,0530,15410,10,0640,1182,60,0
170,949Eoiia?ai, (1 o/aa) i?ae
eoeueoeaaoe?th14,00,030,0742,50,270,7915,40,0340,1009,70,0620,1812,40,01
50,044Eoiia?ai, (2 o/aa) a
i?aeaeeaeaiiy——13,40,0850,24910,50,0670,1962,30,0140,042Eoiia?ai, (1
o/aa) a
i?aeaeeaeaiiy——-7,30,0460,1362,70,0170,0500,60,0040,012eenoi/e?a-
1,82 Ae/ea (oaae.4). A ?io? oace ?inoo oa ?icaeoeo eaionoe aeoeai?noue
?ineeiieo c?ace?a aoea ieae/a oiiiaiai cia/aiiy. Iiae?aia oaiaeaioe?y
niinoa??aaeanue i?e canoinoaaii? 3 o/aa aa?ieeiiiinoo, aea ii/aoeiaa
aeoeai?noue i?ia aoea aeaui ieae/a. O aa??aioao c aeei?enoaiiyi
aa?ieeiiiinoo oaeiae ia aeyaeaii iaa?iiaaeaeaiiy a ?ineeiao naeioeth, ui
iiaea oa?aeoa?ecoaaoe oea aeia?eai ye aeieia?/ii /enoa, yea aeioe?eueii
aeei?enoiaoaaoe i?e ae?iuoaaii? eaionoe aeey ae??oe/iiai, aeeoy/iai, oa
e?eoaaeueiiai oa?/oaaiiy.
5. Aieea aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio ia o?iaeae oa ye?noue eaionoe.
Aeei?enoaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio ia oii? oaeineiiaeaii?
oaoiieia?? ae?iuoaaiiy iai/?a aeaei nooo?aee i?e??no a?iaeath (oaae.5).
Oaaeeoey 5 – A?iaeaei?noue oa iieacieee yeino? a?eiaieiai? eaionoe,
ni?oo “Aiaaa? 611” i?e aeei?enoaii? aeia?ea, na?aaei? ca 1995-1997 ??.
aa??aioe aeine?aeoO?iaeaei?noue,I?e??no o?iaeath, Ai?no o
?ineeiaoA?oai?i N,Noia oeoe??a, oe/aaoe/aaNooi? ?a/iaeie, %I?o?ao?a,
ia/eaia %%Eiio?ieue (aac aeia?ea)270-9,71180503,52Aa?ieeiiiino,
(6 o/aa)4501809,80200533,70aea?aaeaioia aeica NPK aei aa?ieeiiiinoo
(6o)4151459,6523049,23,62Aa?ieeiiiino,
(3 o/aa)4101409,7519050,33,65aea. Aeica NPK aei aa?ieeiiiinoo
(3o)3841149,6322046,03,46Eoiia?ai, (2 o/aa) i?ae
eoeueoeaaoe?th367979,6725051,53,61Eoiia?ai, (1 o/aa) i?ae
eoeueoeaaoe?th34749,6826048,63,55Eoiia?ai, (2 o/aa) a
i?aeaeeaeaiiy350809,7026548,33,58Eoiia?ai, (1 o/aa) a
i?aeaeeaeaiiy336669,6526047,53,45 Aianaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo a aeic?
6 o/aa ni?eyei ca?eueoaiith a?iaeaeiino? ia 180 oe/aa. O aa??aio? c
aea?aaeaioiith aeicith i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea i?e??no a?iaeath noaiiaea
145 oe/aa. Aianaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo a aeic? 6 o/aa ni?eyei ca?eueoaiith
ai?noo anei?a?iiai? eeneioe a aieiaeao eaionoe a ii??aiyii? c eiio?ieai
ia 3 ia%, yeee noaiiaea 53 ia%. O aa??aioao c aeei?enoaiiyi
aea?aaeaioii? noie i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea aei aa?ieeiiiinoo (3o.) oa
eoiia?aio (2o/aa.) i?ae eoeueoeaaoe?th aeaiee iieaciee noaiiaea 46,0 oa
51,5 ia%.. Iaeaeuee ai?no i?o?ao?a o aieiaeao eaionoe aeyaeaii o
aa??aioao c aeei?enoaiiyi eoiia?aio a aeic? 2o/aa a i?aeaeeaeaiiy, yeee
noaiiaea-265 ia/ea. O aa??aioao c aeei?enoaiiyi aa?ieeiiiinoo ai?no
i?o?ao?a aeinyaaa 200 oa 190 ia/ea, a caeaaeiino? a?ae aeei?enoaii?
aeice. Oaeei /eiii, aa?ieeiiiino a iaai? i??? ni?ey? cieaeaiith ai?noo
i?o?ao?a o ?ineeiao eaionoe, ui, iiaeeeai, iiynith?oueny iiceoeaiith
ae??th aoioniaeo ?a/iaei aa?ieeiiiinoo a ?aaoethaaii? i?ioeano
ia?aoai?aiiy i?o?ao?a o ?ineei?. Oe? oaiaeaioe?? i?aeoaa?aeaeaii
Iai/aieii A.N. (1992), yeee iiynith? oea caaeainiaai?noth iae?i- oa
i?e?iaeaiaio?a o aa?ieeiiiino?, ui i?eaiaeeoue aei ca?eueoaiiy
anei?a?iiai? eeneioe, yea ni?ey? ciaioaiith iaeiie/aiiy i?o?ao?a.
Canoinoaaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo a aeic? 6o/aa i?aeaeuoaaei ai?no nooi?
?a/iaeie a aieiaeao eaionoe ia 0,49 %, a ii??aiyii? c eiio?ieueiei
aa??aioii Ca iieacieeaie yeino?, ?AeI ca ai?noii aaaeeeo iaoae?a oa
no?iioe?th, a?ieia?/iith oe?ii?noth, i?iaeoeoe?y iiaea
aeei?enoiaoaaoenue aeey ae??oe/iiai, aeeoy/iai oa e?eoaaeueiiai
oa?/oaaiiy.
6. Aieea aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio ia ye?noue i?iaeoeoe?? a
ia??iae caa??aaiiy. aaaeeeaei iieacieeii aeey iai/aai? i?iaeoeoe?? ?
o?eaae?noue ia??iaeo caa??aaiiy . Iaee?au? iieacieee yeino? i?ae /an
caa??aaiiy aoee io?eiai? o aa??aioao, aea aeei?enoiaoaaany aa?ieeiiiino.
Iniaeeai oea noino?oueny aeice 6 o/aa. Iieacieee yeino? io?eiaii?
i?iaeoeoe?? i?ney 110 ae?a caa??aaiiy noaiiaeee: ai?no nooi?
?a/iaeie-9,96-10,35%; i?o?ao?a- 181-165ia/ea; a?oai?io N-46,52-52,80
ia%; oeoe??a 3,18-3,28%, i?e ii/aoeiaeo iieacieeao a?aeiia?aeii 9,80%;
200ia/ea; 53ia%; 3,7%. Aaaeeeaei iieacieeii aeey no?ieo caa??aaiiy
i?iaeoeoe?? ? ni?aa?aeiioaiiy i?ae eae??i oa acioii a aieiaeao eaionoe.
sse na?ae/aoue ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue, i?iaaaeai? Iao?e/aieii
A.I.(1992), O?ieiaei A.I.(1995), Oa?aiaoii I.I.(1994), oa ?i., ?c
ca?eueoaiiyi aeaiiai ni?aa?aeiioaiiy no?ee?noue ?ineei aei oai?ia oa
ye?noue a ia??iae caa??aaiiy cia/ii iie?auo?oueny. sse aeaeii c
i?eaaaeaieo (oaae.6) aeaieo i?ae aa??aioaie aeine?aeo ca oeei iieacieeii
ia aoei nooo?ai? ??cieoe?. Iaeaeae/? ?acoeueoaoe aoee io?eiai? o
aa??aioao c aeei?enoaiiyi eoiia?aio oa aea?aaeaioii? e?eueeino?
i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea aei 3 o aa?ieeiiiinoo. Ne?ae a?aei?oeoe, ui aeaiee
iieaciee a on?o aa??aioao ciaoiaeeany ia iecueeiio ??ai?.Oea iiaeia
iiynieoe ni?oiaeie iniaeeainoyie eaionoe ni?oo “Aiaaa? 611″. Io?eiai?
?acoeueoaoe yeino? i?iaeoeoe?? i?e caa??aaii? oa io?eiai?
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy i?ae eae??i oa acioii i?aeoaa?aeaeothoue, ui ca
ni?aa?aeiioaiiyi E2I/N iiaeia i?iaiicoaaoe eaaee?noue eaionoe. Oeae
aeniiaie i?aeoaa?aeaeothoue aeine?aeaeaiiy Aa?aaaoa I.TH.,Oa?aiaoa I.I.,
Aieionueeeo A.N.
Oaaeeoey 6 – Ni?aa?aeiioaiiy e2i/N a aieiaeao eaionoe ni?oo Aiaaa? 611 a
?acoeueoao? i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue, ia/100a nooi? ?a/iaeie.
Aa??aio aeine?aeo199519961997Na?aaei?e iieacieeEiio?ieue (aac
aeia?ea)1,101,281,021,16Aa?ieeiiiino, (6
o/aa)1,321,320,991,14aea?aaeaioia aeica NPK aei aa?ieeiiiinoo (6
o)1,271,250,991,15Aa?ieeiiiino, (3 o/aa)1,411,410,981,15aea?aaeaioia
aeica NPK aei aa?ieeiiiinoo (3o)1,171,361,001,2Eoiia?ai, (2 o/aa) i?ae
eoeueoeaaoe?th1,151,291,01,2Eoiia?ai, (1 o/aa) i?ae
eoeueoeaaoe?th1,121,340,991,22Eoiia?ai, (2 o/aa) a
i?aeaeeaeaiiy1,171,311,021,2Eoiia?ai, (1 o/aa) a
i?aeaeeaeaiiy1,161,451,031,257. Aeiiii?/ia oa aia?aaoe/ia aoaeoeai?noue
aeei?enoaiiy aeia?ea. ?ic?aooiee aeiiii?/ii? oa aia?aaoe/ii?
aoaeoeaiino? iieacothoue, ui aeioe?eueii i?ae eaionoe ni?oo ” Aiaaa?
611″ ia oaiii-n??iio ii?aecieaiiio a?oio? aeei?enoiaoaaoe 6 o/aa
aa?ieeiiiinoo, aea oiiaii /enoee i?eaooie neeaaeaa 2917,60 a?i./aa. i?e
?aioaaaeueiino? 214%. Iao? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?aeoaa?aeaeothoue, ui oiiae
aeeaeaiiy aieeaathoue ia i?ioeane iaeiie/aiiy aia?a?? a o?iaea?.
E?euee?noue iaeiie/aii? aia?a?? ia aa??aio? c aa?ieeiiiinoii a aeic?
6o/aa noaiiaeea 61,4 IAeae/aa, i?e iieacieeo ia aa??aio? c
aea?aaeaioiith aei 6 o aeicith i?ia?aeueiiai aeia?eaa 60,7 IAeae/aa. I?e
ciaioaii? aeice aa?ieeiiiinoo aei 3 o/aa e?euee?noue iaeiie/aii? aia?a??
ciaioeeanue ? noaiiaeea 52,2 IAeae/aa.Aianaiiy eoiia?aio ia ni?eyei
iaeiie/aiith aia?a?? a aieiaeao eaionoe. Ca ??aiai aieeao ia iaeiie/aiiy
aia?a??, i?e?inoii a?iaeath, aeine?aeaeoaai? aeia?eaa ?ici?noeeenue a
oae?e iine?aeiaiino?: aa?ieeiiiino, i?ia?aeuei? aeia?eaa, eoiia?ai.
Aeniiaee
1. Aeei?enoaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo a aeic? 6 o/aa i?ae eaionoo a?eiaieiao
ni?oo ” Aiaaa? 611″ni?eyei io?eiaiith o?iaeath 450 oe/aa a cii? aiaa?e
i?e a?iaeaeiino? ia eiio?ie? (aac aeia?ea) 270 oe/aa.
2. .I?e aianaii? aa?ieeiiiinoo a aeic? 3 oa 6 o/aa niinoa??aaeinue
iii?oia iie?auaiiy yeino? aieiaie eaionoe. Ai?no nooi? ?a/iaeie o
aa??aio? c aeei?enoaiiyi aa?ieeiiiinoo a aeic 6 o/aa a ii??aiyii? c
eiio?ieai (aac aeia?ea) c?inoaa ia 0,09%, a?oai?io N – 9 ia%, oeoe??a –
0,18%, i?e a?aeiia?aeieo iieacieeao ia eiio?ie? 39,71%; 50 ia%; 3,52%.
3.Aeei?enoaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo ni?eyei a?aeoai?aiith ?iaeth/ino?
oaiii-n??iai ii?aecieaiiai a?oaiieeoaaoiai eaaeinoaeeienoiai a?oioo.
Aianaiiy a aeic? 6 o/aa aa?ieeiiiinoo ca?eueooaaei ai?no iniiaieo
aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy o a?oio? a e?eoe/iee aeey eaionoe ia??iae (oace
oi?ioaaiiy oa iau?eueii? aieiaee) a ii??aiyii? c eiio?ieai oa aa??aioaie
c i?ia?aeueieie aeia?eaaie. Ai?no iniiaieo aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy o
aa??aio? c aeei?enoaiiyi aa?ieeiiiinoo a aeic? 6o/aa o oaco oi?ioaaiiy
aieiaee noaiiaea : N-36,0; ?2I5 – 9,8; E2I – 9,45 ia/100a, i?e
a?aeiia?aeieo iieacieeao ia eiio?ie? 28,4; 11,4; 10,28 ia/100a.
4.O aa??aioao, aea aoa aeei?enoaiee aa?ieeiiiino ia niinoa??aaeinue
iaa?iiaaeaeaiiy Zn2+ oa Cu2+ a a?oio? oa ?ineeiao o e?eueeino? , yea
ia?aaeuo? IAe?.
5.Canoinoaaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo ? aoaeoeaiei i?eeiiii cieaeaiiy
iaaeoiaeaeaiiy 137Ns oa Pb2+ a ?ineeie eaionoe ia oaiii-n??iio
ii?aecieaiiio a?oio?.
Eoiia?ai iaioith i??ith aieeioa ia iaaeoiaeaeaiiy ?aae?ioeac?th a
?ineeiao. Ieoiia aeoeai?noue ca 137Ns ii??aithth/e c aa?ieeiiiinoii a
aeic? 6 o/aa.i?aeaeuoaaeanue o 0,6-2,6 ?ace.
6. Eaionoa, ae?iuaia o aa??aioao c aeei?enoaiiyi aa?ieeiiiinoo a aeic?
6o/aa iaea aenie? iieacieee yeino? ia i?ioyc? anueiai ia??iaeo
caa??aaiiy ? ca nai?th a?ieia?/iith oe?ii?noth iiaea aooe aeei?enoaia a
ae??oe/iiio, aeeoy/iio oa e?eoaaeueiiio oa?/oaaii?.
7.Canoinoaaiiy iaeeia?ii? aeice (3o/aa.) aa?ieeiiiinoo caaacia/oaaei
iaeaeuo aeiiii?/io, oa aia?aaoe/io aoaeoeai?noue. Eoiia?ai ca nai?ie
aeiiii?/ieie iieacieeaie iinooiaany aa?ieeiiiinoo.
8.Ni?aa?aeiioaiiy K2O/N a aieiaeao eaionoe iiaea aooe aeni?an-iaoiaeii
aeey eiio?ieth ca o?eaae?noth caa??aaiiy. I?e ni?aa?aeiioaii? E2I/N-1,14
ia/100a.eaionoa iiaea aooe caeeaaeaia ia aeiaaio?eaaea caa??aaiiy
I?iiiceoe?? ae?iaieoeoao
A oiiaao I?ai?/iiai E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie ia oaiii-n??iio ii?aecieaiiio
a?oio? i?e ae?iuoaaii? eaionoe a?eiaieiai? ni?oo “ Aiaaa? 611”
aeioe?eueii aeei?enoiaoaaoe aa?ieeiiiino a aeicao 3-6 o/aa ia oii?
oaeineiiaeaii? oaoiieia?? ?? ae?iuoaaiiy.
Nienie ?ia?o, iioae?eiaaieo ca oaiith aeena?oaoe??
1. Ai?iaei?e I., Na?aethe A., Ea?iaiei I., Eeoiaeii I., Aa/einueeee I.,
Aii/a? I., Oaoiieia?/i? oiiae a?ieiiaa?n?? i?aai?/ieo a?aeoiae?a ?
iaea?aeaiiy aa?ieeiiiinoo.// Iaoo?ae?n.-?2, 1996.-n.15-18.( O/anoue o
i?iaaaeaii? iieueiaeo oa eaai?aoi?ieo aeine?aeaeaiue, iniaenoee aianie
caeiaoaa/a- 40% )
2. Aee?i A., Aa/einueeee I., Noaiiyea N., Iaeiie/aiiy ?aae?iioee?ae?a o
?ineeiao eaionoe i?e aeei?enoaii? i?iaeoeo?a a?ieiiaa?n?? i?aai?/ieo
a?aeoiae?a.// Iaoo?ae?n.-?3-4, 1997.-n.24-26. ( I?iaaaeaiiy aeieueiaeo
oa eaai?aoi?ieo aeine?aeaeaiue, o/anoue o i?aeaioiaoe? iaoa??ae?a aei
ae?oeo, iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a 60%. )
3. Ai?iaei?e I.I., Aee?i A.A., Aa/einueeee I.A., Ae?iaieoeoai
aa?ieeiiiinoo a oiiaao ENI, oa?ia?nueeeo oa i?enaaeeaieo ainiiaea?noaao
// Iaoeiaee a?niee Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ( Aeiaeaoie ?5
) //, Ee?a, 1998. ( I?iaaaeaiiy iieueiaeo oa eaai?aoi?ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue, iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a- 40% )
4. Aa/einueeee I.A., Aee?ia I.I., Aa?iaeieia?/i? aniaeoe aeei?enoaiiy
iiaeo i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea // Aeiaeaoie aei aeo?iaeo “Iaoo?ae?n”.- ?2.,
1998.- n.14-18.( O/anoue o i?iaaaeaii? iieueiaeo oa eaai?aoi?ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue, i?aeaioiaea iaoa??ae?a aei ae?oeo, iniaenoee aianie
caeiaoaa/a- 70%.)
Aa/einueeee I.A. “Aieea aa?ieeiiiinoo ? eoiia?aio ia o?iaeae oa ye?noue
eaionoe a?eiaieiai? ia oaiii-n??iio ii?aecieaiiio a?oio? I?ai?/iiai
E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie” aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 06.01.04
– aa?io?i?y, eaoaae?a aa?io?i?? oa yeino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei?
i?iaeoeoe??, Iaoe?iiaeueiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao, Ee?a 1999.
Caoeua?oueny ?iaioa , yea i?noeoue ?acoeueoaoe ii aecia/aiith aieeao
aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio ia aa?io?i?/i? oa aa?iaeieia?/i? aeanoeaino?
oaiii-n??iai ii?aecieaiiai eaaeinoaeeieiaiai a?oioo, o?iaeae oa ye?noue
eaionoe a?eiaieiai? ni?oo “Aiaaa? 611” i?e ae?iuoaaii? ca
aia?ai-?ano?ni-i?e?iaeiioi?iiiith oaoiieia??th. Io?eiaii cia/iee i?e??no
a?iaeath oa iie?auaiiy yeino? eaionoe a?eiaieiai? a ?acoeueoao?
aeei?enoaiiy iiaeo aeae?a aeia?ea. Aea/aia aoaeoeai?noue aeei?enoaiiy
aa?ieeiiiinoo oa eoiia?aio ia oaiii-n??iio ii?aecieaiiio
eaaeinoaeeieiaiio a?oio? I?ai?/iiai E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie aeey iie?auaiiy
aa?io?i?/ieo aeanoeainoae a?oioo, noaa?e?caoe?? i?iaeoeoeaiino?
a?eiaieiai? eaionoe, iie?auaiiy a?ieia?/ii? oe?iiino? oa oa?i?io
caa??aaiiy i?iaeoeoe??
Aa/eineee I.A., Aeeyiea aa?ieeiiiinoa e eoiia?aia ia o?iaeae e ea/anoai
eaionou aaeiei/aiiie ia eaniie oaiii-na?ie ii/aa Naaa?iie Eaninoaie
Oe?aeiu.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea iao/iie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa
naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 06.01.04.-aa?ioeiey,
eaoaae?a aa?ioeiee e ea/anoaa naeueneioicyenoaaiiie i?iaeoeoeee
Iaoeeiiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai oieaa?neoaoa, Eeaa, 1999 a.
A i?ioeanna enneaaeiaaiee i?iaaaeaia aa?ioeie/aneay e aa?iyeieiae/aneay
ioeaiea i?iaeoeoia aeieiiaa?nee i?aaie/aneeo iooiaeia – aa?ieeiiiinoa e
eoiia?aia, eo aeeyiea ia i?iaeoeoeaiinoue oaiii-na?ie eaniie ii/au
Naaa?iie Eaninoaie Oe?aeiu. Aeeyiea aa?ieeiiiinoa niinianoaiaaei
iaeaieueoaio iiauoaieth o?iaeay aaeiei/aiiie eaionou i?e eniieueciaaiee
yia?ai-?ano?ni-i?e?iaeiio?aiiie oaoiieiaee au?aueaaiey eaionou. A
?acoeueoaoa eniieueciaaiey aa?ieeiiiinoa a aeica 3 e 6 o/aa.
Iaaethaeaeinue caiaoiia oeo/oaiea ea/anoaa ei/aiia eaionou. Aa?ieeiiiino
niinianoaoao iiauoaieth ieiaei?iaeey oaiii-na?ie eaniie ii/au, /oi
iiaeoaa?aeaeatho ?acoeueoaou iaoeo enneaaeiaaiee. Eniieueciaaiea aai a
aeica 6 o/aa oaaee/eaaei niaea?aeaiea iiaeaeaeiuo oi?i iniiaiuo
yeaiaioia ieoaiey a e?eoe/aneee aeey eaionou ia?eiae (oaca oi?ie?iaaiey
ei/aia e iaieioiiai ei/aia) a n?aaiaiee n ae?oaeie aa?eaioaie. A
aa?eaioao n eniieueciaaieai aa?ieeiiiinoa ia iaaethaeaeinue iaeiieaiey
Zn e Cu a ii/aa e ?anoaieyo a eiee/anoaao, i?aauoathueo IAeE. Aianaiea
aa?ieeiiiinoa yaeyaony yooaeoeaiui i?eaiii nieaeaiey iinooieaiey 137Ns a
?anoaiey eaionou ia oaiii-na?ie eaniie ii/aa. Enneaaeiaaiey
iiaeoaa?aeaeaiu ii?aaeaeaieai eiyooeoeeaioia eniieueciaaiey Zn e Cu ec
oaeia?aiee, eioi?ua iieacaee, /oi ia aa?eaioao, aaea eniieueciaaiu
yeaeaaeaioiua aeicu ieia?aeueiuo oaeia?aiee i?e niinianoaothueo yoiio
oneiaeyo aiciiaeii iaeiieaiea oeeiea e iaaee a ?anoaieyo a eiee/anoaao,
i?aauoathueo IAeE.
Enneaaeiaaiey iieacaee, /oi eniieueciaaiea aa?ieeiiiinoa a aeica
6o/aa eiaao aunieoth aa?ioeie/aneoth, yia?aaoe/aneoth e yeiiiie/aneoth
yooaeoeaiinoue. I?e eniieueciaaiee iaeeia?iie aeicu aa?ieeiiiino eiaao
nouanoaaiiia i?aiaeaaeaiea.
?acoeueoaou ii?aaeaeaiey niioiioaiey E2I/N a ei/aiao eaionou iiaoo
aunooiaoue yeni?an-iaoiaeii i?iaiice?iaaiey i?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoe
o?aiaiey ei/aiia eaionou.
Enneaaeiaaiey aeieacaee, /oi eniieueciaaiea aa?ieeiiiinoa a aeica 6 o/aa
eiaao aunieoth aa?ioeie/aneoth, yia?aaoe/aneoth e yeiiiie/aneoth
yooaeoeaiinoue.
Bachinskiy O. V. Wormcompost and kupogran impact on yields quality of
the cabbage in the dark-gray podzolic soil in the North Part of the
Forest-steppe Zone of Ukraine”
The thesis is submitted for scientific degree of the candidate of
agricultural sciences, specialty 06.01.04. agrochemistry – National
Agricultural University, Kyiv, 1998
The dissertation presents the wormcompost and the kupogran’s impact on
agrochemical and agroecological properties of the dark-gray podzolic
loamy soil, cabbage yields and quality (cultivar Amager 611) results in
conditions of the energy- environmental safe technology.
Achieved high response of cabbage yields and its quality have been
received as a result of the new fertilizer application. The efficiency
of the wormcompost and kupogran’s applications on the dark-gray podzolic
loamy soil North Part of the Forest-steppe Zone of Ukraine for
agrochemical properties improvement, cabbage high yields and quality
stabilization’s and storage time increasing have been investigated.
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