.

Вплив початкового напруженого стану на несучу здатність сталевих двотаврових стержнів: Автореф. дис… канд. техн. наук / М.Ю. Хвортова, Придніпр. дер

Язык: украинский
Формат: реферат
Тип документа: Word Doc
107 2074
Скачать документ

I?EAeI?I?IANUeEA AeA?AEAAIA AEAAeAI?ss

AOAe?AIEOeOAA OA A?O?OAEOO?E

OAI?OIAA

IA?EIA TH???AIA

OAeE 624.072.002.2

AIEEA II*AOEIAIAI IAI?OAEAIIAI NOAIO IA

IANO*O CAeAOI?NOUe NOAEAAEO AeAIOAA?IAEO

NOA?AEI?A

Niaoe?aeuei?noue: 05.23.01 – aoae?aaeuei? eiino?eooe??, aoae?ae? oa
nii?oaee

AAOI?AOA?AO

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe

Aei?i?iiao?ianuee – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia a Aeiiaanueeiio a??ie/i-iaoaeo?a?eiiio ?inoeooo? ia
eaoaae?? “Aoae?aaeuei? eiino?oeoe??”, I?iina?oe Oe?a?ie.

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee – eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe, noa?oee iaoeiaee
ni?a?ia?oiee Aieiaeiia Ieaenaiae? ?aaiiae/, Aeiiaanueeee
a??ie/i-iaoaeo?a?eiee ?inoeooo, aeioeaio eaoaae?e “ Aoae?aaeuei?
eiino?oeoe??”.

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:

aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? eaoaae?e “Oai?aoe/ia iaoai?ea ? ii??
iaoa??ae?a” Oe?a?inueeiai aea?aeaaiiai o?i?ei-oaoiieia?/iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo (i.Aei?i?iiao?ianuee) Iaiaae/ A?eaae?e ?naaeiae/;

eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio eaoaae?e “Iinoe”
Aeiii?iiao?ianueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oaoii/iiai oiiaa?neoaoo caeicie/iiai
o?ainii?oo Oa?anaiei Aieoi? Iao?iae/.

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa – Iieoaanueeee aea?aeaaiee oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao
?iai? TH??y Eiiae?aothea, eaoaae?a eiino?oeoe?e c iaoaeo, aea?aaa oa
ieanoian, I?iina?oe Oe?a?ie

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “ 19” aa?aciy 1999 ?ieo

i 13.00 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee

Ae 08.085.02 I?eaei?i?ianueei? aea?aeaaii? aeaaeai?? aoae?aieoeoaa oa
a?o?oaeoo?e

Ca aae?anith: 320600, i. Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, aoe. *a?ieoaanueeiai, 24a.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? I?eaei?i?ianueei?
aea?aeaaii? aeaaeai?? aoae?aieoeoaa oa a?o?oaeoo?e, i.
Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, aoe. *a?ieoaanueeiai, 24a.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “ 19 ” ethoiai 1999 ?ieo.

A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Eaaoa A.I.

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE.

Aeooaeuei?noue ?iaioe. I?e aeaioiaeaii? caa?ieo iaoaeieiino?oeoeie,
i?ney oa?i?/iiai ?ic??caiiy ? caa?thaaiiy i?ieaoo, oi?iothoueny iiey
ii/aoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue, ui ?noioii aieeaathoue ia ?iaioo eiino?oeoe?e
i?ae iaaaioaaeaiiyi.

A iaoiaeeeao ?ic?aooieo noeneeo noa?aei?a, ui ?aeiiaiaeothoueny AIII
I-23-81* ? AIII 2.05.03 – 84, yei caniiaai? ia oiiaiiio cieaeaii?
?ic?aooieiaiai iii?o noae? oeyoii iiiaeaiiy ia eiao?oe??io
iicaeiaaeiueiai aeaeio , i?aeoe/ii ia aeaii ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei
a?aooaaiiy aieeao oaeeo iai?oaeaiue. Oiio ?ic?iaea iaoiaeeee ?ic?aooieo
noeneeo noa?aei?a c o?aooaaiiyi ii/aoeiaiai iai?oaeaiiai noaio
aiane?aeie oa?i?/ieo aieea?a ? aeooaeueiei caaaeaiiyi.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie. Aeeiiaia ?iaioa ? iaeiei c aoai?a
aeine?aeaeaiue, yei aeeiioaaeenue eaoaae?ith aoae?aaeueieo eiino?oeoe?e
Aeiiaanueeiai a??ie/i-iaoaeo?a?eiiai ?inoeoooo a 1992-1995 ?ieao o
a?aeiia?aeiino? c Aea?aeaaiith iaoeiai – oaoi?/iith i?ia?aiith 5.
?ano?nicaa?aaeaiiy (iiaei?ia?aia 5.2. 2. Aeiaaia?/i? caa?i?
eiino?oeoe?? ic cieaeaiith iaoaeiiinoeinoth) ca oaiith N22ae/a “?ic?iaea
oaoiieia?? aeaioiaeaiiy oa iaoiae?a ?ic?aooieo iaoaeaaeo noa?aei?a ?
ieanoei, iiia?aaeiuei-iai?oaeaieo eieaeueieie oa?i?/ieie aieeaaie
(EOA)”. Aeineiaeaeaiiy oiiainoaaeenue ca ?aooiie eiooia aea?aeaaiiai
athaeaeaoo Oe?a?ie o a?aeiia?aeiino? c iaeacii I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe N68
31.03. 1992 ?ieo.

Iaoa ?iaioe. Aecia/aiiy nooiaiy aieeao iie?a ii/aoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue, ui
coiiaeaii oa?i?/ieie aieeaaie, ia iano/o caeaoiinoue noeneeo noaeaaeo
aeaioaa?iaeo noa?aei?a, yei aeaoi?iothoueny a ieiuei? iaeiaioi?
aei?noeinoi; ?ic?iaea iaoiaeeee ?ic?aooieo iano/i? caeaoiinoi noeneeo
noa?aei?a ca oiia a?aooaaiiy ii/aoeiaiai iai?oaeaiiai noaio, yeee
aeieea? a ia?a?icao aianeiaeie oa?ii/ieo aieeaia, ? i?aeaioiaea
i?aeoe/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei ?ic?aooieo.

Caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy.

1.?ic?iaeoe iaoiaeeeo aecia/aiiy iano/i? caeaoiinoi noeneeo noa?aei?a ca
oiia a?aooaaiiy ii/aoeiaiai iai?oaeaiiai noaio.

2.?ic?iaeoe iaoiaeeeo ? i?iaanoe aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy iie?a
ii/aoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue a ia?a?icao caa?ieo ? i?ieaoieo aeaioaa?iaeo
noa?aei?a, iiia?aaeiuei-iai?oaeaieo EOA.

3.I?iaanoe /enaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy c iaoith aecia/aiiy iaeano?
?aoe?iiaeueiiai canoinoaaiiy ?ic?aooieiai? iaoiaeeee.

4.?ic?iaeoe i?aeoe/io iaoiaeeeo a?aooaaiiy aieeao iie?a ii/aoeiaeo
iai?oaeaiue ia iano/o caeaoiinoue noaeaaeo aeaioaa?iaeo noa?aei?a.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a:

1.Iaoiaeeea ?ic?aooieo iano/i? caeaoiinoi noeneeo aeaioaa?iaeo noa?aei?a
ca oiia a?aooaaiiy ii/aoeiaiai iai?oaeaiiai noaio.

2.Iaoiaeeea ? ?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue iie?a
ii/aoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue, ui coiiaeaii iiia?aaeiii iai?oaeaiiyi EOA.

3.?acoeueoaoe iaoaiaoe/iiai aenia?eiaioo, ui aeicaieeee aeyaeoe
iniaeeaino? aeaoi?ioaaiiy noa?aei?a, ? aecia/eoe iaeanoue
?aoe?iiaeueiiai aeei?enoaiiy ?ic?iaeaiiai aiae?oe/iiai aia?aoo.

4.I?aeoe/ia iaoiaeeea a?aooaaiiy aieeao iie?a ii/aoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue ia
iano/o caeaoiinoue noaeaaeo aeaioaa?iaeo noa?aei?a, ui aeaoi?iothoueny a
ieiuei? iaeiaioi? aei?noeino?.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a.

Io?eiai? ?acoeueoaoe (aeai?eoi aecia/aiiy iano/i? caeaoiinoi noeneeo
noa?aei?a ? neeaaeaia ia eiai iniia? i?ia?aia aeey AII) ni?eythoue
a?eueo a??ia?aei?e ioe?ioe? noaio noa?aeiy ?, ioaea, a?eueo
?aoe?iiaeueiiio i?iaeooaaiith noeneeo aeaiaio?a iaoaeaaeo eiino?oeoeie.

?acoeueoaoe i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue aeicaieythoue ?aeiiaiaeoaaoe aei
canoinoaaiiy i?aeaeuai? aai cieaeai? cia/aiiy eiao?oe??io?a
iicaeiaaeiueiai aeaeio aeey noeneeo noa?aei?a, yei iathoue iiey
ii/aoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue ??ciiiai?oieo aeaeyae?a. sseui iaa?aooaaiiy
i?aeaeuaieo eiao?oe??io?a iicaeiaaeiueiai aeaeio aeey noa?aei?a,
iiia?aaeiuei-iai?oaeaieo EOA, ?aea a caian iioeiinoi, oi canoinoaaiiy
cieaeaieo eiao?oe?aio?a, ui ?aeiiaiaeothoueny aeey noa?aei?a c iiynieie
caa?ieie oaaie aeicaieeoue aecia/eoe ?noeiio ni?iiiaei?noue noa?aeiy ?
oieeiooe ianiiaeiaaii? a?aeiiae.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a:

– ?ic?iaea ia/enethaaeueieo i?ia?ai, ui aeicaieyoue ioe?ieoe iano/o
caeaoiinoue noaeaaeo noa?aei?a i?e ??ciiiai?oieo aeaeyaeao iie?a
ii/aoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue;

– ?ic?iaea iaoiaeeee ? i?iaaaeaiiy aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue
iie?a ii/aoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue, ui aeieeathoue a ia?a?icao noaeaaeo
aeaioaa?ia i?e iiia?aaeiueiio iai?oaeaiii EOA;

– ?acoeueoaoe ?ic?aooie?a noeneeo noaeaaeo noa?aei?a, yei
aei?iaoaaii iioeie aaoi?aie;

-i?iaaaeaiiy /enaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue noeneeo noaeaaeo noa?aei?a c
iaoith aecia/aiiy iaeano? ?aoe?iiaeueiiai canoinoaaiiy ?ic?iaeaiiai
aiae?oe/iiai aia?aoo;

-i?aeoe/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei aecia/aiiy iano/i? caeaoiinoi
noeneeo noaeaaeo noa?aei?a, ui aeaoi?iothoueny a ieiuei? iaeiaioi?
aei?noeinoi, c o?aooaaiiyi aieeao ii/aoeiaiai iai?oaeaiiai noaio.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe aeiiia?aeaeeny
ia I?aeia?iaei?e iaoeiai – oaoi?/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Iia? caniae
?ic?aooieo, iaoa??aee ? oaoiieia?? a aoae?aieoeoa?” (i?noi Ae/aanuee,
13-16 aa?aniy 1993 ?), I?aeia?iaei?e iaoeiai – i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe??
“Aaeineiiaeaiiy aoae?aaeueieo iaoa??ae?a, oaoiieia?e ? cania?a
?ic?aooieo eiino?oeoe?e a iiaeo aeiiii?/ieo oiiaao” (i?noi Noie, 25-27
aeiaoiy 1994 ?ieo), I?aeia?iaei?e eiioa?aioe?? “Iaoaeiaoaeiaieoeoai –
96” (i?noa Aeiiaoeuee – Iaeiiaea, 3-7 /a?aiy 1996 ?ieo), ia VI
Oe?a?inuee?e iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Iaoaeaa? eiino?oeoe??”
(i?noi Ieeieaia, 1-4 aeiaoiy 1996 ?ieo), I?aeia?iaei?e eiioa?aioe??
“Oai??y ? i?aeoeea iaoaeaaeo eiino?oeoe?e” (i?noa Aeiiaoeuee – Iaeiiaea,
2-4 a?oaeiy 1997 ?ieo), eiioa?aioe?yo i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai
neeaaeo, ni?a?ia?oiee?a ? nooaeaio?a AeAII (1995, 1996, 1997, 1998
?iee).

Ioae?eaoe??. Ca oaiith aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 11 ?ia?o.

Ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c anooio, /ioe?ueio ?icae?e?a,
aeniiaeia, aeiaeaoe?a, nieneo e?oa?aoo?e c 71 iaeiaioaaiue, aeeeaaeaia
ia 179 noi??ieao oaenoo, iethno?iaaia 65 iaethieii ? 9 oaaeeoeyie.

INIIAIEE CI?NO ?IAIOE.

O anooi? iaa?oioiaaia aeooaeuei?noue i?iaeaie, iaaaaeai? caaaeueia
oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe, iieiaeaiiy, yei caeiaoaa/ aeiineoue ia caoeno,
i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ? ?aae?caoe?y io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a.

A ia?oiio ?icae?e? iaaaaeaiee iaeyae oai?aoe/ieo ? aenia?eiaioaeueieo
aeine?aeaeaiue iie?a ii/aoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue, ui aeieeathoue a i?ioean?
caa?thaaiiy ? ?ic?icaiiy iaoaeo. I?iaiae?ciaai? ?iaioe I. I.
Iea?aeiia, A. I. Aeiieo?iaa,

A.I. Iieiea?aa, A.N. Iaiaoue?ai?, E.I. Eiaaiiaa, A.ss. Iaaeinaee,
?.A. Eaaeoainueeiai, A. E. Eaaaae?aa ? ?i., a yeeo aeeeaaeai? iniiai?
iieiaeaiiy oai??? ?ic?aooieo caa?ieo iaoaeieiino?oeoeie. A?aecia/aii, ui
iacaaaeath/e ia /eiaeo eieueeinoue i?iiiceoe?e, a?aenooiy iaae?eia
?iaeaia?ia iaoiaeeea aecia/aiiy ieiu cii ii/aoeiaeo ?icoyaoth/eo
iai?oaeaiue, ui iiaea aooe aeei?enoaia aeey ianooiieo ?ic?aooie?a c
iaoith aea/aiiy aieeao ii/aoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue ia iano/o caeaoiinoue ?
aeaoi?iaoeaiinoue eiino?oeoe?e. Ie??i oeueiai, aeaiee aiae?c ?icaeoeo
cania?a ?ic?aooieo noa?aei?a, a o. /. i c ii/aoeiaeie iai?oaeaiiyie
(?iaioe E. Aeea?a, O. N. ssneinueeiai, O. Aiaana?a, O. Ea?iaia, O. N.
Oaiei, A. A. Aaiia?eeiaa, N. Ae. Eaeoana, A. ?. Aaeuenueeiai, A. I.
Iaaeeiaa ? ?i.).

A?aecia/aii, ui aieea ii/aoeiaiai iai?oaeaiiai noaio ia ianooiia
aeaoi?ioaaiiy noa?aei?a iiaea aooe iaiaeiicia/iei, oiaoi iiaea ye
ca?eueooaaoe, oae ? ciaiooaaoe e?eoe/ia iaaaioaaeaiiy ia noa?aeaiue.

Ia i?aenoaa? i?iaaaeaiiai iaeyaeo aeine?aeaeaiue aoee c?iaeai? oae?
aeniiaee.

1. ?nioth/? ?ic?aooieia? iaoiaeeee aeicaieythoue aecia/eoe ?iciiae?e
ii/aoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue a ia?a?icao noa?aei?a, yei coiiaeai?
caa?thaaiiyi, aiaiaaei ?ic??caiiyi ? iiia?aaeiii iai?oaeaiiyi EOA.

2. ?nioth/? a iao /an ?ic?aooieia? iaoiaeeee uiaei aecia/aiiy iano/i?
caeaoiinoi noa?aei?a ca oiia a?aooaaiiy ii/aoeiaiai iai?oaeaiiai noaio
ia caniiaai? ia /?oeeo o?ce/ieo a?iioacao, iaaeoi aeecueeeo aei ae?enieo
oiia ?iaioe eiino?oeoe?e, ? ?ic?iaeai?, ye i?aaeei, aeey ??oaiiy
i?eaaoieo caaea/.

3. A ae?th/eo ii?iaoeaieo aeieoiaioao a?aenooi? i?aeoe/i?
?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ? iaoiaeeee aecia/aiiy iie?a ii/aoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue, a
oaeiae iaoiaeeee a?aooaaiiy oaeeo iai?oaeaiue i?e ?ic?aooieao noeneeo
noa?aei?a. Ni?iaa a?aooaaiiy a AIII 2.05. 03-84 aieeao ii/aoeiaeo
noeneath/eo iai?oaeaiue, ui aeieeathoue ia e?iieao iieeoeue, i?e
?ic?aooieao ia noieeinoue noeneeo noa?aei?a iaaeineiiaea.

4. A?aeii? ?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeie?aeaeaiue iiaeooue aooe
aeei?enoai? aeey ia?aa??ee cai?iiiiiaaieo oai?aoe/ieo ??oaiue a iaeano?
aecia/aiiy ii/aoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue, i?e ??oaiiyo caaea/ uiaei ioe?iee
caaaeueii? noieeinoi ? aeaoi?iaoeaiinoi noaeaaeo aeaioaa?iaeo noa?aei?a
c o?aooaaiiyi ii/aoeiaiai iai?oaeaiiai noaio, ?ioeo caaea/.

A ae?oaiio ?icae?e? ?ic?iaeai? iaoiaeeea aecia/aiiy ii/aoeiaiai
iai?oaeaiiai noaio, ui aeieea? a ia?a?icao neeaaeaieo ? i?ieaoieo
aeaioaa?iaeo noa?aei?a aianeiaeie oa?ii/ieo aieeaia, ? iaoiaeeea ioe?iee
iano/i? caeaoiinoi ? aeaoi?iaoeaiinoi noeneeo c ??cieie
aenoeaio?eneoaoaie noa?aei?a, c o?aooaaiiyi iayaiiai ii/aoeiaiai
iai?oaeaiiai noaio. Iaoiaeeee aacothoueny ia caaaeueieo i?eioeeiao ?
i?eiouaiiyo, yei i?eeiyoi a iaoaiioei aeaoi?iiaaieo o?e, ?
aeicaieythoue aecia/aoe ia?aiao?e noa?aeiy, ui aeaoi?io?oueny (iii?i?
e?aiee ae?aa?aie ”iaaaioaaeaiiy-i?iaei”) ia an?o noaae?yo
iaaaioaaeaiiy, a oiio /ene? ? a cae?eoe/iie iaeano?.

??oaiiy caaea/? aecia/aiiy iai?oaeaiiai noaio noa?aeiy, ui
aeaoi?ioaaany, a yaiiio aeaeyae? iaiiaeeeai aianeiaeie iayaiino?
a?eueoi? e?eueeino? iaa?aeiieo, i?ae ??aiyiue ??aiiaaae. Caaea/a
ae??oo?oueny ioa?aoeieiei oeyoii ca ieae/a iaaaaeaiei aeai?eoiii
OeAIO?-1 a oaeie iine?aeiaiino?.

1. Caaeathoueny ao?aeieie aeaieie: ia?aiao?aie ia?a?ico – hw, tw, hf,
tf, iioeiinieie ? aeaoi?iaoe?eieie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie iaoa??ae?a iiyn?a
oa noiiee – Ry, Ef, Ry, Ew; ia?aiao?aie oa?i?/iiai aieeao a ia?a?ici ?
ii/aoeiaei iai?oaeaiei noaiii, ui aecia/a?oueny ca aeiiiiiaith
niaoeiaeueii ?ic?iaeaiiai aeai?eoio IIN; aeiaaeeiith eieiie I ?
ii/aoeiaei aenoeaio?eneoaoii ai.

2. Caaeathoueny ii/aoeiaei cia/aiiyi ?aae?ono e?eaecie iaea?eueo
iaaacia/iiai ia?a?ico 0 ? ii/aoeiaei e?ieii ii e?eaecii i.

3. Caaeathoueny ii/aoeiaei cia/aiiyi oia?iaii aeaoi?iaoe?? 11 ia
a?aenoai? b’f / 2 a oeaio?o ia?aoeio ? e?ieii ii aeaoi?iaoe?yi 1.

4. Aeey caaeaii? oia?iai? aeaoi?iaoe?? 11 ? ?aae?ona e?eaecie
aecia/athoueny aaee/eie iicaeiaaei?o coneeue ?1 ? ?2 ca oi?ioeaie:

P1=2 (1 -2) tf + (1 -2) tf X+Nw+2 [N1+N2+N3+N4+2 tf (bf – 2d)]-Nd;
(1)

P2=(1 -2) tf (bf – 2d -)+(N1 – N2) (bf – d)+(1 -2) tf X [(bf – 2 d)/2 –
X/3]/(f+eo); (2)

aea f – i?iaei noa?aeiy a?ae ciai?oiueiai iaaaioaaeaiiy; N1, N2 –
na?aaei? coneeey a e?iieao iieeoeue a?aeiia?aeii a?eueo ? iaio noenei?;
N3 – na?aaei? coneeey a iieeoe? a cii? caa?ieo oaia; N4- na?aaei?
coneeey a noiioei a cii? caa?ieo oaia; Nw-coneeey a noiioei aeaioaa?a;
Nd- oiiaia coneeey a cii? caa?iiai oaa; ai – ii/aoeiaee
aenoeaio?eneoao. An? ?io? ia?aiao?e aecia/athoueny caaaeyee i?eiouaiith
i?i e?i?eiee ?iciiae?e aeaoi?iaoe?e ii aenio? ia?a?ico.

5. Ii??aiththoueny coneeey ?1 ? ?2:

yeui ?1 ?2, ia/eneaiiy i?iaiaeyoueny ca ioieoii 6.

6. I?iaiaeeoueny ii??aiyiiy

(?1-P2)/?1 0, aeeiio?oueny ?ic?aooiie ca ioieoii 7;

yeui Pj+1 – Pj

Нашли опечатку? Выделите и нажмите CTRL+Enter

Похожие документы
Обсуждение

Ответить

Курсовые, Дипломы, Рефераты на заказ в кратчайшие сроки
Заказать реферат!
UkrReferat.com. Всі права захищені. 2000-2020