Ee?anueeee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea
Aaeyiaae/ Ieaia Aiaoie??aia
OAeE
347.4+347.7+347.918
Ainiiaea?nueeee aeiaia??
oa niiniae eiai oeeaaeaiiy
Niaoe?aeuei?noue: 12.00.04 – ainiiaea?nueea i?aai;
a?a?o?aaeiee
i?ioean
AAOI?AOA?AO
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa th?eaee/ieo iaoe
Ee?a – 1999
Aeena?oaoe?y ? ?oeiienii.
?iaioa aeeiiaia ia eaoaae?? ainiiaea?nueeiai i?aaa th?eaee/iiai
oaeoeueoaoo Ee?anueeiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea.
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? th?eaee/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
eaoaae?e ainiiaea?nueeiai i?aaa
I?iinueea A?aoe?aeea Aanee?aia,
Ee?anueeee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? Oa?ana
Oaa/aiea
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? th?eaee/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,
/eai-ei?aniiiaeaio
Aeaaeai?? i?aaie/eo iaoe Oe?a?ie
Eooeue Aieiaeeie? Aaneeueiae/,
I?eea?iaonueeee oi?aa?neoao
?iai? Aaneey Noaoaieea
caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?ith oeea?eueiiai
i?aaa oa i?ioeano
th?eaee/iiai oaeoeueoaoo
eaiaeeaeao th?eaee/ieo iaoe, Caneoaeaiee th?eno
Oe?a?ie,
I?eoeea Aeieo?i Ieeeoiae/,
Aieiaa Aeuiai a?a?o?aaeiiai noaeo Oe?a?ie
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: ?inoeooo aeiiii?ei-i?aaiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue IAI
Oe?a?ie, i.Aeiiaoeuee
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny «16» ea?oiy 1999 ?ieo i 14 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae.26.001.06. i?e Ee?anueeiio oi?aa?neoao?
?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea (252033, i.Ee?a, aoe.Aieiaeeie?nueea, 60,
aoae.253).
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o iaoeia?e a?ae?ioaoe? Ee?anueeiai
oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea (252033, i.Ee?a, aoe.Aieiaeeie?nueea,
58).
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaii «16» aa?aciy 1999 ?ieo.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee,
eaiaeeaeao th?eaee/ieo iaoe Aiaeia? Oaoyia
Aaea???aia
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeine?aeaeaiiy.
Noai?aiiy aa?iii?eii? oa aoaeoeaii? nenoaie ainiiaea?nueeiai
caeiiiaeaanoaa Oe?a?ie ? iaeiei c iaeaaaeeea?oeo iai?yie?a ?icaeoeo
oe?a?inueei? i?aaiai? nenoaie a oiiaao noaiiaeaiiy
nioe?aeueii-i???ioiaaii? ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee. Ine?eueee iaeiei c aieiaieo
caaaeaiue ainiiaea?nueeiai caeiiiaeaanoaa ? eii?aeeiaoe?y ae?e noa’?eo?a
ainiiaea?thaaiiy, ii?iai, ui ?aaoeththoue aeiaia??i? a?aeiineie a noa??
ainiiaea?thaaiiy, ia? iaeaaeaoe /?eueia i?noea a nenoai?
ainiiaea?nueeiai i?aaa.
A oiiaao ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee ainiiaea?nueeee aeiaia?? ? iniiaiei caniaii
i?aai?caoe?? a?aeiinei i?ae noa’?eoaie ainiiaea?thaaiiy oa aaaeeeaei
?ino?oiaioii i?aaiai? i?aai?caoe?? ainiiaea?nueeiai aeeooy noni?euenoaa
a oe?eiio. Ainiiaea?nueeee aeiaia?? ye aio/eee i?aaiaee ?aaoeyoi? aea?
ciiao a?aoiaoaaoe niaoeeo?eo ie?aiiai ainiiaea?nueeiai ca’yceo oa
ocaiaeaeoaaoe eiai c oei?ciaaieie iiaeaeyie i?aai?caoe?? ainiiaea?nueeeo
ca’yce?a oiai /e ?ioiai aeaeo, a oaeiae ?c caaaeueiiii?iaoeaiei ?aaeeiii
i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy.
Cae?eniaiiy caaaeueiiaeica?eueiiai i?eioeeio ?aaoethaaiiy noni?eueieo
a?aeiinei (i oea i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny ainiiaea?nueeith i?aeoeeith) aaaea
aei cia/iiai iioe?aiiy aeiaia??ieo a?aeiinei, ui i?yii ia ia?aaeaa/ai?
caeiiiaeaanoaii oa iio?aaothoue iniaeeaiai i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy, yea
aeoiaeeoue ca iaae? oeea?eueiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa.
Aea?? oaie aeine?aeaeaiiy aecia/a?oueny oei, ui a inoaii? ?iee a
iaoeia?e th?eaee/i?e e?oa?aoo?? Oe?a?ie oai?aoe/i? ieoaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o ia aoee i?aaeiaoii eiiieaeniiai, oe?e?niiai
aea/aiiy. I?ioa ?ic?iaea aeieo?eiaeueiiai iiiyooy ainiiaea?nueeiai
aeiaiai?o oa niinia?a eiai oeeaaeaiiy, a oaeiae aeei?enoaiiy oai?aoe/ieo
caeiaooe?a a i?ioean? i?aaioai?aiiy ? iaaecae/aeii aaaeeeaeie, ine?eueee
a?ae oiai, iane?eueee /?oei ie?aneai? iaae? aeiaiai??a, ye? iathoue
iacao ainiiaea?nueeeo, caeaaeeoue ye?noue oa aaeaeaaoi?noue i?aaiaiai
?aaoethaaiiy ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino?, aoaeoeai?noue canoinoaaiiy
ii?i i?aaa th?enaeeeoe?eieie i?aaiaie. A oiiaao ?eieiaiai eiieo?aioiiai
na?aaeiaeua iaaoei oe?ieiai ?iciianthaeaeaiiy oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo
aeiaiai??a ia a??aeao, aoeoe?iiao, eiieo?nao, i?ioa oe? ieoaiiy iaeaea
ia aena?oeaii a oe?a?inueeiio i?aaiciaanoa?.
Ia?ao?ae a?ae ieaiiai-?iciiae?eue/i? aei ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee a Oe?a?i?,
o?ainoi?iaoe?y a?aeiinei aeaniino?, ?icaeoie ??ciiiai?oieo
i?aaiicaoeieii-i?aaiaeo oi?i ainiiaea?thaaiiy coiiaeththoue
iaiao?aei?noue iiaeo i?aeoiae?a aei ii?iaoeaii-i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a oa eiai oai?aoe/iiai iaa?oiooaaiiy. C
ii/aoeo 90-o ?ie?a «aei?noeee» ii?iaoeaiee ?aaeei ainiiaea?nueeeo
aeiaiai??a ii/aa iinooiiai ia?aoai?thaaoeny ia oaeee, a yeiio iathoue
aa?iii?eii ii?aeioaaoeny aeeniiceoeai? oa ?iia?aoeai? canaaee i?aaiaiai
?aaoethaaiiy. I?ioa a /eiiiio caeiiiaeaanoa? Oe?a?ie ?niothoue nooo?a?
a?e? ieyie o i?aaiaiio ?aaoethaaii? ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaia??ieo
a?aeiinei, ye? coiiaeththoue iio?aao a iiaeaeueoiio aeine?aeaeaii?
oai?aoe/ieo ieoaiue ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o oa ?ic?iaoe? ia oe?e
iniia? iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei ?icaeoeo
niaoe?aeueiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa i?i ainiiaea?nuee? aeiaiai?e.
Iaiao?aei?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy iniaeeainoae ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o ye
i?aaiai? oi?ie ainiiaea?nueeeo ca’yce?a i?ae noa’?eoaie ainiiaea?thaaiiy
aeeeeeaia oaeiae oei, ui a inoaii? ?iee c ?icaeoeii i?aei?e?iieoeoaa,
cae??ieaiiyi o caeiiiaeaanoa? i?eioeei?a iaaeioi?eaiino? aeaniino? oa
naiaiaee aeiaiai?o a i?aaiciaanoa? aeineoue iioe?aiith noaea aeoiea i?i
oa, ui ainiiaea?nueeee aeiaia?? ? ??ciiaeaeii cae/aeiiai
oeeaieueii-i?aaiaiai aeiaiai?o, a naiee iiae?e aeiaiai??a ia
oeeaieueii-i?aaiai oa ainiiaea?nuee? ? iaaaeaeaaoiei no/aniei
noni?eueiei a?aeiineiai. Ia aeoieo aaoi?a, i?e/eiaie oeueiai ?,
cie?aia, oyaa i?i ainiiaea?nueeee aeiaia?? eeoa ye niaoeeo?/iee
«ao?eaoo» ieaiiai-?iciiae?eue/i? aeiiii?ee, yeee ? ianoi?niei c
?eieiaeie a?aeiineiaie oa i?eioeeiaie naiaiaee i?aei?e?iieoeueei?
ae?yeueiino?, oa iaiaa?oioiaaia ioioiaeiaiiy ioae?/iiai noni?eueiiai
?ioa?ano c ?ioa?anaie oioae?oa?ii? aea?aeaae. Aiane?aeie oeueiai a
Oe?a?ii ?nio? iaaeiioe?iea ioaei/ii-i?aaiaeo canaae ?aaoethaaiiy
ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino?, oi/a aeina?ae e?a?i c ?icaeiooith
aeiiii?eith na?ae/eoue i?i ?nioaaiiy aeaoaeueii? ?aaeaiaioaoe?? c aieo
aea?aeaae oeo ainiiaea?nueeeo i?aaia?aeiinei, ye? ca/?iathoue ?ioa?ane
noni?euenoaa a oe?eiio.
Niaoeeo?/ia i?aaiaa ?aaoethaaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a ia?
aeoiaeeoe ia c oiai, ciaoiaeyoueny noa’?eoe ainiiaea?thaaiiy o
a?aeiineiao aeeniiceoeaiinoi /e i?aeii?yaeeoaaiiy, a c oiai, ia
aeinyaiaiiy yei? iaoe ni?yiiaai? ?o ae??. Oe??th iaoith ? iaaiee
noniieueii-ei?eniee ?acoeueoao ainiiaea?thaaiiy, oiaoi caaeiaieaiiy
iio?aa anueiai noni?euenoaa a iaaieo iaoa??aeueieo oa iaiaoa??aeueieo
aeaaao. Oea, a naith /a?ao, coiiaeth? iaiao?aei?noue canoinoaaiiy
ioaei/ii-i?aaiaeo ?aaoeyoi??a ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino?.
Ia?aaeoiiaith iiooeo iioeiaeueiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo
aeiaiai??a, ia iaoo aeoieo, ? oa, ui a oiiaao ?eieo aaoiiii?y noa’?eo?a
ainiiaea?thaaiiy ? aea?aeaaia ?aaoethaaiiy, i?eaaoi? e ioae?/i? ?ioa?ane
iiaeii? ciaoiaeeoeny a o?ni?e aca?iiae??.
Nooi?iue aeineiaeaeaiinoi oaie. Oai?aoe/i? i?iaeaie i?aaiaiai
?aaoethaaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai?ia aoee i?aaeiaoii o?eaaei?
aeeneon?? a ?aaeyinueeiio i?aaiciaanoa?. I?ioa a oe?a?inueeiio
i?aaiciaanoa? inoaii?o ?ie?a oe? ieoaiiy ciaoiaeeeeny iica oaaaith
iaoeiaoe?a ? aena?oethaaeeny eeoa a ie?aieo iaoeiaeo noaooyo, oi/a
i/aaeaeiei, ia iao iiaeyae, ? oa, ui a oiiaao noaiiaeaiiy iiai? nenoaie
ainiiaea?thaaiiy ieoaiiy iiiyooy ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o, eiai
nooo?aeo iciae, ii?yaeeo oeeaaeaiiy iaiiaieeeny iiaei ci?noii oa
iio?aaothoue iiaeo oai?/eo i?aeoiae?a aei ?o oai?aoe/iiai inieneaiiy oa
th?eaee/iiai aiae?co. Iacaaaeath/e ia oa, ui ca ?iee iacaeaaeiino?
Oe?a?ie aoei i?eeiyoi ?yae caeiiiaeaa/eo aeo?a, ye? iaaiith i??ith
?aaoeththoue i aeiaia??i? a?aeiineie a noa?? ainiiaea?thaaiiy,
ainiiaea?nueea caeiiiaeaanoai a oe?e /anoeie iio?aao? iiaeaeueoiai
oaeineiiaeaiiy.
A aeena?oaoe?? aeei?enoaii iaoeia? aeinyaiaiiy, ye? i?noyoueny a i?aoeyo
O.?.Aaiai?, I.I.A?aaiinueeiai, A.A.Aeeiaa, I.N.Iiooa, C.I.Caiaiaio,
A.E.Ciaiainueeiai, I.I.Eeaei, A.A.Eaio?aa, A.A.Eooey, A.E.Iaiooiaa,
A.N.Ia?oaiueyiiaa, A.I.Iiaeaeea, A.I.Iicieiia, I.A.Iiaeoeueeiai,
?.A.Iiai?/aiea, A.A.I?iinueei?, A.I.Ioaiinueeiai, Ae.I.Naoioeeiia,
I.A.Oai/oea, I.A.Oaaei?iaa, I.I.*oaieea, A.N.Oaeanoiaa oa iioeo
i?aaiciaaoe?a.
I?aaeiaoii aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy ? oai?aoe/i? oa i?aeoe/i?
ieoaiiy i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy aeiaia??ieo a?aeiinei o noa??
ainiiaea?thaaiiy. Aeine?aeaeaiith i?aeeyaathoue:
1) iiiyooy ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o e??cue i?ecio eiai nooo?aeo iciae:
niaoe?aeueiiai noa’?eoiiai neeaaeo oa iniaeeai? oe?eueiai? ni?yiiaaiino?
ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o;
2) ieoaiiy aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaia??ieo
a?aeiinei, a oaeiae i?iaeaia naiaiaee aeiaiai?o oa ?? iaae o
ainiiaea?nueeeo a?aeiineiao a oiiaao nioe?aeueii-i???ioiaaii? ?eieiai?
aeiiii?ee;
3) iniaeeaino? o?aaeeoe?eiiai oa iao?aaeeoe?eieo niinia?a oeeaaeaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a.
Ia’?eoii aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy ? ii?iaoeai? aeoe /eiiiai
caeiiiaeaanoaa Oe?a?ie, noaeiaa i?aeoeea Aeuiai a?a?o?aaeiiai noaeo
Oe?a?ie oa a?a?o?aaeiiai noaeo i. Ee?aa c ?icaeyaeo nii??a, iia’ycaieo c
oeeaaeaiiyi ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a, ae?yeuei?noue Oe?a?inueei?
aa?a?ii? a??ae? oa Oe?a?inueei? oiiaeiai? a??ae? c ii?iaoeaiiai
?aaoethaaiiy oeeaaeaiiy a??aeiaeo oaiae, Oiiaeo aea?aeaaiiai iaeia
Oe?a?ie a aaeoc? i?eaaoecaoe?? oa i?aiaee.
Iaoiaeieia?/ia oa oai?aoe/ia iniiaa aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoiaeieia?/iith
iniiaith aeine?aeaeaiiy ? ae?aeaeoe/iee iaoiae i?ciaiiy oa
nenoaiii-ooieoe?iiaeueiee iaoiae aeine?aeaeaiiy. Canoiniaaii oaeiae
oi?iaeueii-eiai/iee, ii?iaiyeueii-i?aaiaee, ?noi?e/iee iaoiaee
aeine?aeaeaiiy.
Ii?iaoeaiith aacith aeena?oaoe?? ? Eiinoeoooe?y Oe?a?ie, Oeea?eueiee
eiaeaen Oe?a?inueei? ?N?, A?a?o?aaeiee i?ioeanoaeueiee eiaeaen Oe?a?ie,
?io? aeaea?aea ainiiaea?nueeiai ? oeea?eueiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa.
Oai?aoe/io iniiao aeine?aeaeaiiy neeaaeathoue i?aoe? i?aaiciaaoeia o
aaeocyo caaaeueii? oai??? aea?aeaae oa i?aaa, o?einio?? i?aaa,
ainiiaea?nueeiai oa oeea?eueiiai i?aaa.
Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? a oiio, uia, aeoiaey/e ?c aeinyaiaiue iaoee
ainiiaea?nueeiai ? oeea?eueiiai i?aaa oa aiae?co i?aeoeee canoinoaaiiy
ii?i i?aaa, ye? ?aaoeththoue ainiiaea?nuee? aeiaiai?e, aeaoe eiiieaeniee
oai?aoe/iee aiae?c iiiyooy ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o, niinia?a eiai
oeeaaeaiiy, a oaeiae c?iaeoe aeniiaee i aianoe i?iiiceoe?? uiaei
oaeineiiaeaiiy /eiiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa.
Iaoa aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aecia/a?oueny eiai
oai?aoeei-i?eeeaaeiei oa?aeoa?ii oa aeeth/a? a naaa:
– aecia/aiiy ia’?eoeaii? iaiao?aeiino? niaoe?aeueiiai i?aaiaiai
?aaoethaaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a;
– aeine?aeaeaiiy nooiino? ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o c oi/ee ci?o eiai
nooo?aeo iciae: noa’?eoiiai neeaaeo oa iniaeeai? oe?eueiai?
ni?yiiaaiino?;
– c’ynoaaiiy ieoaiiy o/ano? ie?aieo noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy o
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaia??ieo a?aeiineiao;
– aeiaaaeaiiy iaiao?aeiino? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a a caeaaeiino? a?ae nooiaiy iaia’yceiainoi
oeeaaeaiiy, anoaiiaeaiiy iniaeeaiai i?aaiaiai ?aaeeio aeey ieaiiaaieo
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a oa ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai?ia, ui
oeeaaeathoueny a?eueiith oaiaeith noi??i;
– aeineiaeaeaiiy noo? aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo
aeiaia??ieo a?aeiinei;
– aeineiaeaeaiiy i?aeoeee ?icaeyaeo ia?aaeaeiaia??ieo nii??a
a?a?o?aaeieie noaeaie Oe?a?ie;
– aiae?c oa ocaaaeueiaiiy a??aeiai? ae?yeueiino? (ia i?eeeaae?
Oe?a?inueei? aa?a?ii? a??ae? oa Oe?a?inueei? oiiaeiai? a??ae?) c
i?aai?caoe?? oa ii?iaoeaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy oeeaaeaiiy a??aeiaeo oaiae.
Oai?aoe/ia i i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?iaioe. Oai?aoe/ia cia/aiiy
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe iieyaa? a oiio, ui iaoa??aee aeineiaeaeaiiy
aeathoue eiiieaenio oa?aeoa?enoeeo i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai?ia oa niinia?a eiai oeeaaeaiiy ii?iaie
iaoa??aeueiiai oa ainiiaea?nueei-i?ioeanoaeueiiai i?aaa, a oaeiae
aecia/aiiy ia?niaeoea ?icaeoeo caeiiiaeaanoaa i?i ainiiaea?nuee?
aeiaiai?e.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia? oe?eueiao i?aeoe/io ni?yiiaai?noue. Aeniiaee i
i?iiiceoe??, ye? i?noyoueny a ?iaio?, iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? aeey
iiaeaeueoiai ?icaeoeo ainiiaea?nueeiai oa ainiiaea?nueeiai
i?ioeanoaeueiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa Oe?a?ie, a oaeiae iiaeooue ni?eyoe
aaeineiiaeaiith i?aeoeee a?a?o?aaeieo noae?a Oe?a?ie c ?icaeyaeo nii??a,
ui aeieeathoue i?e oeeaaeaii? ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai?ia, a oiio /ene?
oaeeo, ui oeeaaeathoueny iao?aaeeoe?eiei niiniaii (ia aoeoe?iiao, ca
eiieo?nii).
Iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?? iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? i?e i?aeaioiaoe?
i?ae?o/iee?a, iaa/aeueieo iin?aiee?a oa iaoiaee/ieo ?ic?iaie c eo?no
«Ainiiaea?nueea i?aai» aeey nooaeaio?a th?eaee/ieo aoc?a, a niaoeeo?nao
«I?aaiaa ?aaoethaaiiy ainiiaea?nueei-aeiaiai?ieo a?aeiinei» oa
«Iniaeeaino? ?icaeyaeo a?a?o?aaeieie noaeaie Oe?a?ie ie?aieo eaoaai??e
ainiiaea?nueeeo nii??a», a oaeiae a?aoiaai? i?e iaienaii? ?ia?o c oe???
oaiaoeee. Ie?ai? iieiaeaiiy, ye? noi?ioeueiaaii o aeena?oaoe??, iathoue
aeeneon?eiee oa?aeoa? i iiaeooue aooe aacith aeey iiaeaeueoiai iaoeiaiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaeai i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy aeiaia??ieo a?aeiinei o
noa?? ainiiaea?thaaiiy.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? a oiio, ui a aeena?oaoe??
eiiieaenii aeine?aeaeai? ieoaiiy i?i iiiyooy ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o
ye i?aaiai? oi?ie ainiiaea?nueeeo ca’yce?a oa niinia?a eiai oeeaaeaiiy c
oi/ee ci?o i?aaiaiai caaacia/aiiy ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino? a oiiaao
nioe?aeueii-i???ioiaaii? ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee. Aia?oa aeine?aeaeaii
ieoaiiy i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy iao?aaeeoe?eieo niinia?a oeeaaeaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a a oiiaao eiieo?aioe?? i?iaeaaoe?a oa
iieoioe?a (ia a??aeao, aoeoe?iiao, ca eiieo?nii).
Aiae?c /eiiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa Oe?a?ie, i?aeoeee eiai canoinoaaiiy oa
niaoe?aeueii? e?oa?aoo?e c oaiaoeee aeine?aeaeaiiy aeaa iiaeeea?noue
noi?ioethaaoe iieiaeaiiy, ye? i?noyoue iaoeiao iiaecio, oa i?iiiceoe??
uiaei oaeineiiaeaiiy /eiiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa.
Ia caoeno aeiinyoueny ianooii? iieiaeaiiy:
– ainiiaea?nueeee aeiaia?? ye i?aaiaa oi?ia ainiiaea?nueeeo ca’yce?a ?
niaoeeo?/iei i?aaiaei caniaii, a yeiio ii?aeiothoueny ioae?/i? ?ioa?ane
noni?euenoaa a oe?eiio oa i?eaaoi? ?ioa?ane ie?aieo noa’?eo?a
ainiiaea?thaaiiy;
– a oiiaao nioe?aeueii-i???ioiaaii? aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie oeaio? oyae?iiy
aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy aeiaia??ieo ca’yce?a o ainiiaea?nueeeo
a?aeiineiao iiaeiai ciaoiaeeoeny o caeiiiaeaa/iio ?aaoethaaii? oaeeo
a?aeiinei, ni?yiiaaiiio ia caaacia/aiiy noni?eueiiai ainiiaea?nueeiai
ii?yaeeo a Oe?a?ii, caoeno caeiiieo i?aa ? ioi?iithaaieo caeiiii
?ioa?an?a noi??i aeiaia??ieo a?aeiinei oa ?ioa?an?a noni?euenoaa a
oe?eiio (ioae?/ieo ?ioa?an?a);
– o noa?? ainiiaea?thaaiiy naiaiaea aeiaiai?o ? aeiionoeiith eeoa o??th
i??ith, yeith aiia ia noia?a/eoue ?ioa?anai anueiai noni?euenoaa;
– iniaeeaino? ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o coiiaeththoue iaiao?aei?noue
eiai niaoe?aeueiiai ii?iaoeaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy, yea aeoiaeeoue ca iaae?
caaaeueieo ii?i oeea?eueiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa. Iaaaeueiith iio?aaith ?
i?eeiyooy Caeiio i?i ainiiaea?nuee? aeiaiai?e, ui aeanoue ciiao
caaacia/eoe iaiao?aeiee nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae aei i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaia??ieo ca’yce?a a oiiaao nioe?aeueii-i???ioiaaii?
?eieiai? aeiiii?ee;
– eiie?aoi? i?iiiceoe?? uiaei ci?i oa aeiiiaiaiue aei /eiiiai
caeiiiaeaanoaa Oe?a?ie c ieoaiue ainiiaea?nueei-aeiaia??ieo a?aeiinei.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy i aeniiaee
aeena?oaoe?? iaaiai?thaaeeny ia can?aeaiiyo eaoaae?e ainiiaea?nueeiai
i?aaa th?eaee/iiai oaeoeueoaoo Ee?anueeiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? Oa?ana
Oaa/aiea, ia iaoeiai – i?aeoe/iiio nai?ia?? ani??aio?a th?eaee/iiai
oaeoeueoaoo (17 a?oaeiy 1997 ?ieo) oa nai?ia?? iieiaeeo th?eno?a
«I?aaia? i?iaeaie ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a Oe?a?ii» (28 o?aaiy 1998
?ieo, ?inoeooo aea?aeaae i i?aaa iiai? A.I.Ei?aoeueeiai, i. Ee?a), a
oaeiae aeeeaaeaii a o?ueio ioae?eaoe?yo.
No?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe?? aecia/a?oueny iaoith aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aeena?oaoe?y
neeaaea?oueny c anooio, o?ueio ?icae?e?a, ye? ioiieththoue a?n?i
ia?aa?ao?a, aeniiaeo, ia?ae?eo ii?iaoeaieo aeo?a oa aeei?enoaii?
e?oa?aoo?e. Ianya aeena?oaoe?? noaiiaeoue 180 noi??iie, c yeeo 23
noi??iee caeia? nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae.
Ci?no ?iaioe
O anooi? iaa?oioiao?oueny aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeena?oaoe??;
aecia/a?oueny iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy, eiai iaoiaeieia?/ia oa oai?aoe/ia
iniiaa; ?ice?eaa?oueny oai?aoe/ia ? i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy;
oi?ioeththoueny iieiaeaiiy, ui aeiinyoueny ia caoeno.
O ia?oiio ?icae?e? «I?aaiaa ?aaoethaaiiy ainiiaea?nueei-aeiaia??ieo
a?aeiinei a Oe?a?i?», ui aeeth/a? o?e ia?aa?aoe, aeine?aeaeo?oueny
aeieo?eiaeueia iiiyooy ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o e??cue i?ecio eiai
nooo?aeo iciae ? ieoaiiy aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy aeiaia??ieo a?aeiinei
a noa?? ainiiaea?thaaiiy, a oiio /ene? iaiaaeaiiy naiaiaee aeiaiai?o a
ainiiaea?nueeeo a?aeiineiao.
O ia?oiio ia?aa?ao? «Iiiyooy oa iciaee ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o»
iiiyooy ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o aeaiaeeoueny /a?ac noeoii?noue eiai
iniaeeainoae ye oaiaee ? ye ciaia’ycaeueiiai i?aaia?aeiioaiiy. Aieiaia
iniaeea?noue ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o ye oaiaee iieyaa? a iniaeeaiio
noa’?eoiiio neeaae? oa iaiaaeaii? aeiaia??ii? naiaiaee. Noa’?eoiee
neeaae ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o iiaeia aecia/eoe ianooiiei /eiii:
noi?iiaie (noi?iiith) a ainiiaea?nueeiio aeiaiai?? iiaeooue aenooiaoe
ainiiaea?nuee? i?aai?caoe?? c i?aaaie th?eaee/ii? iniae; a?aeiniaeai?
i?ae?icae?ee ainiiaea?nueeeo i?aai?caoe?e a iaaeao eiiiaoaioe??, ui
iaaeaia ?i oeeie i?aai?caoe?yie; ?iaeea?aeoaeuei? i?aei?e?ioe? (ye ?c
noaoonii, oae ? aac noaoono th?eaee/ii? iniae); iaainiiaea?nuee?
i?aai?caoe?? – th?eaee/i? iniae – i?e cae?eniaii? ieie ainiiaea?nueei?
ae?yeueiino?, iaiao?aeii? aeey aeinyaiaiiy iaoe, ia?aaeaa/aii? ?o
onoaiia/eie aeieoiaioaie; i?aaie ainiiaea?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy – aeanieee
oa (aai) oiiaiiaaaeai? ieie i?aaie, ye? cae?eniththoue a iaaeao ?o
eiiiaoaioe?? oi?aae?iiy iaeiii noai?aieo (i?eaeaaieo) ieie aai
i?aea?aeii/eo ?i ainiiaea?nueeeo i?aai?caoe?e.
Nai???aei?noue ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o ye ciaia’ycaeueiiai
i?aaia?aeiioaiiy coiiaeaia i?e?iaeith ainiiaea?nueeeo ca’yce?a ?
aeyaey?oueny a ni?yiiaaiino? ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o ia
ianeoaiaoaaiiy ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino? oa a ii?aeiaii? iaeiiaeo ?
i?aai?caoe?eieo aeaiaio?a a ci?no? ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a.
O?eueee noeoii?noue eaae?o?eoth/eo iciae iiaea aecia/aoe a?aeiineie, ui
neeaeeny i?ae noi?iiaie aiane?aeie oaiaee, ye ainiiaea?nueei-aeiaia??i?
c iioe?aiiyi ia ieo ii?i niaoe?aeueiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa, ui ?aaoeth?
ie?ai? aeaee ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a, ii?yaeie ?o oeeaaeaiiy ?
aeeiiaiiy, a oaeiae canoinoaaiiy ??cieo aeae?a ainiiaea?nueei-i?aaiai?
a?aeiia?aeaeueiino? ca ?o iaiaeaaeia aeeiiaiiy.
Ia iniia? aea/aiiy niaoe?aeueii? e?oa?aoo?e oa aiae?co ii?iaoeaieo aeo?a
aeena?oaioeith noi?ioeueiaaia aeieo?eiaeueia iiiyooy ainiiaea?nueeiai
aeiaiai?o: «Ainiiaea?nueeee aeiaia?? ? caniiaaia ia oaiae? noi??i ?
cao?eniaaia o anoaiiaeai?e caeiiii oi?i? ciaia’ycaeueia i?aaia?aeiioaiiy
i?ae noa’?eoaie ainiiaea?thaaiiy, ci?noii yeiai ? aca?ii? i?aaa ?
iaia’ycee noi??i o aaeoc? ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino?».
O ae?oaiio ia?aa?ao? «Aea?aeaaia ?aaoethaaiiy aeiaia??ieo a?aeiinei a
noa?? ainiiaea?thaaiiy» ?icaeyaea?oueny ieoaiiy i?i iaae? ao?o/aiiy
aea?aeaae a aeiiii?/ia aeeooy noni?euenoaa. Ca?aeii ?c noaooath 13
Eiinoeoooe?? Oe?a?ie aea?aeaaa iiaeiia caaacia/oaaoe nioe?aeueio
ni?yiiaai?noue aeiiii?ee. Oea icia/a?, ui aea?aeaaa, aio/ei ii?aeioth/e
?iia?aoeai? oa aeeniiceoeai? caniae aieeao ia noa’?eo?a
ainiiaea?thaaiiy, iiaeiia cae?enithaaoe ?aaoethaaiiy aeiiii?ee, a oiio
/ene? ? ainiiaea?nueei-aeiaia??ieo ca’yce?a. I?aaiaa ?aaoethaaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaia??ieo ca’yce?a a Oe?a?i? cae?enith?oueny o??th /e
?ioith i??ith o?ueiia a?eeaie aeaaee oaeei /eiii: 1) i?eeiyooyi aeuei
caeiiiaeaa/ei i?aaiii iaea?eueo aaaeeeaeo ii?iaoeaieo aeo?a, ui
?aaoeththoue ainiiaea?nueeo ae?yeuei?noue; 2) aeaeaiiyi i?aaiaie
aeeiiaa/i? aeaaee, a ia?oo /a?ao, Eaa?iaoii I?i?no??a Oe?a?ie ?
oeaio?aeueieie i?aaiaie oi?aae?iiy, i?aecaeiiieo ii?iaoeaieo aeo?a, ui
?aaoeththoue aeiaia??i? ca’ycee, ye? aeieeathoue a i?ioean? cae?eniaiiy
ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino?; 3) ca aeiiiiiaith ae?yeueiino? iniaeeaiai
th?enaeeeoe?eiiai i?aaio – a?a?o?aaeiiai noaeo, yeee ia o?eueee noaeeoue
i?i i?aai, aea e ni?ey? noaa?eueiino? oa no?eeino? ainiiaea?nueeeo
aeiaia??ieo ca’yce?a. I?e oeueiio aaoi? cacia/a?, ui ?aeay ii?iaoeaiiai
?aaoethaaiiy aeiaia??ieo ainiiaea?nueeeo a?aeiinei ia noia?a/eoue
iniiaai ooieoe?iioaaiiy nioe?aeueii-i???ioiaaii? ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee.
I?aaiaee ?aaeei ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a ia’?eoeaii iaoiiaeaiee
iniaeeaith i?e?iaeith ainiiaea?nueeeo ca’yce?a, yea iio?aao?
niaoe?aeueiiai ?aaoethaaiiy c iaoith i?aeo?eiaiiy iaiao?aeiiai aaeaino
i?ae ?ioa?anaie ie?aieo noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy oa ?o ia’?aeiaiue ?
?ioa?anaie noni?euenoaa a oe?eiio. A?aooaaiiy a ainiiaea?nueeiio
aeiaiai?? ?ioa?an?a ?ioeo, ie??i eiai noi??i, in?a (niiaeeaa/?a,
noni?euenoaa a oe?eiio) aeinyaa?oueny oeyoii aaaaeaiiy a aeiaia??i?
a?aeiineie aeaiaio?a ?iia?aoeaiino?, ye? iiaeooue iaoe ye iia?/iee
oa?aeoa? (anoaiiaeaiiy ?ici???a iiaeaoe?a, ??aiy oe?i ? oa?eo?a,
cae??ieaiiy caaaeueieo i?eioeei?a oeeaaeaiiy aeiaiai??a, anoaiiaeaiiy
a?aeiia?aeaeueiino? ca ceiaaeeaaiiy iiiiiieueiei noaiiaeuai ia ?eieo ?
o.?i.), oae ? i?yio ae?th (cie?aia, eiee iaei??th c noi??i a aeiaiai??
aenooia? aea?aeaaiee i?aai). ?iia?aoeai?noue ?aaoethaaiiy aeiaia??ieo
ca’yce?a ? ??ciiaaeoi?iith ? coiiaeth?oueny caaaeaiiyie, ui noiyoue
ia?aae aea?aeaaith a aaeoc? oi?aae?iiy ainiiaea?nueeith ae?yeuei?noth,
ianaiia?aae: 1) caoenoii i?aa ? caeiiieo ?ioa?an?a neaae?oeo noa’?eo?a
ainiiaea?thaaiiy; 2) caaacia/aiiyi noni?eueiiai ainiiaea?nueeiai
ii?yaeeo a e?a?i? (caoenoii ioae?/ieo ?ioa?an?a). ?acii c oei,
eiieo?aioia ?eieiaa na?aaeiaeua iio?aao? iaaeaiiy noi?iiai aeiaiai?o
naiaiaee ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino?, yea ?aae?co?oueny /a?ac nenoaio
caaaeueieo aeicaieyiue a i?aa?. Noa’?eoe ainiiaea?thaaiiy iiaeooue
?aae?ciaoaaoe i?aaia? aeicaieyiiy ca aeaniith ?i?oe?aoeaith o aeanieo –
noni?eueii i?eeiyoieo – oe?eyo. Oaea ?aae?caoe?y cae?enith?oueny oeyoii
naiino?eiiai oi?ioaaiiy o/anieeaie ainiiaea?nueeiai iai?ioo nai?o
noa’?eoeaieo i?aa oa iaia’yce?a, ui ei?aniiiaeothoue ?i. Ia oeae /an a
/eiiiio ainiiaea?nueeiio caeiiiaeaanoa? Oe?a?ie a?aenooi? iaa?oue ii?ie,
ye? a ?aaoethaaee iniiaiiieiaei? i?eioeeie, iciaee oa iniaeeaino?
aeiaiai??a, ui oeeaaeathoueny i?ae noa’?eoaie ainiiaea?thaaiiy. Oiio
aaoi? aaaaea?, ui i?eeiyooy Ainiiaea?nueeiai (Eiia?oe?eiiai) eiaeaeno ?
Caeiio i?i ainiiaea?nuee? aeiaiai?e aeanoue ciiao caaacia/eoe iiaeieaiiy
?nioth/iai i?aaiaiai aaeooio ? nenoaii?noue i?aeoiaeo aei i?aaiaiai
?aaoethaaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaia??ieo ca’yce?a a oiiaao
nioe?aeueii-i???ioiaaii? ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee.
A o?aoueiio ia?aa?ao? «Naiaiaea aeiaiai?o a ainiiaea?nueeeo a?aeiineiao»
?icaeyaea?oueny ieoaiiy i?i naiaiaeo aeiaiai?o oa ?? iaiaaeaiiy a
ae?yeueiino? noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy. Ia nueiaiaei? /eiia
caeiiiaeaanoai Oe?a?ie iaiaaeo? aeiaia??io naiaiaeo a noa??
ainiiaea?thaaiiy, ii-ia?oa, anoaiiaeaiei iniaeeaei ii?yaeeii oeeaaeaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a oa, ii-ae?oaa, i??ith iiaeeeaino? aecia/aoe
ci?no aeiaia??iiai ciaia’ycaiiy oaiaeith noi??i. Aeena?oaioea aaaaea?,
ui caeiiiaeaa/a cae??ieaiiy i?eioeeio iaiaeiaeiai? (iaiaaeaii?) naiaiaee
noi??i ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o ni?eyoeia «c??aithaaiith»
?iaeea?aeoaeueiiai (a?oiiaiai) aai?cio oa ?ioa?an?a noni?euenoaa a
oe?eiio. Aeeiiaiiy noa’?eoaie anoaiiaeaieo caeiiii iiceoeaieo
ciaia’ycoaaiue, ui iaiaaeothoue ?o aeiaia??io naiaiaeo, iiaeiii aooe
ni?yiiaaii, a e?ioeaaiio i?aenoieo, ia aeinyaiaiiy oaeiai aeiiii?/iiai
noni?eueiiai ii?yaeeo, yeee caaacia/eoue eiaeiiio /eaio noni?euenoaa
iaeaaei? oiiae ?nioaaiiy, ? eeoa i?ney oeueiai – iaeneiaeueii aeiionoeio
?iaeea?aeoaeueio naiaiaeo.
?icaeyaeath/e ieoaiiy i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo
aeiaiai??a, aaoi? aeoiaeeoue c oiai, ui ii?iaoeaia ?aaoethaaiiy ii?yaeeo
oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o ia? aooe ni?yiiaaia ia i?aeo?eieo
i?aaiii?yaeeo a aeiiii?oe?. A caeaaeiino? a?ae niaoeeo?ee noa’?eoiiai
neeaaeo oa iia’ycaieo c oeei iniaeeainoae ii?yaeeo anoaiiaeaiiy
aeiaia??ieo a?aeiinei aaoi? aeae?ey? o?aaeeoe?eiee oa iao?aaeeoe?eiee
niiniae oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a.
O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? «O?aaeeoe?eiee niin?a oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeiai
aeiaiai?o: ieoaiiy i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy» aeine?aeaeothoueny ieoaiiy
caeiiiaeaa/iai ?aaoethaaiiy oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a.
Aeena?oaioea aecia/a? niin?a oeeaaeaiiy aeiaiai?o ye ii?iaoeaii
a?aaoeueiaaio iniaeeao i?aai?caoe?th cae?eniaiiy noa’?eoaie
ainiiaea?thaaiiy ae?e, ui ni?yiiaai? ia anoaiiaeaiiy
ainiiaea?nueei-aeiaia??ieo a?aeiinei. Canoinoaaiiy oa?i?io
«o?aaeeoe?eiee niin?a» oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o iia’ycaii c
oei, ui: ii-ia?oa, i?e anoaiiaeaii? aeiaia??ieo a?aeiinei noa’?eoiee
neeaae ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o ? aeineoue aecia/aiei, ui
i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny aae?aniaai?noth ioa?oe eiie?aoiiio noa’?eoo;
ii-ae?oaa, iayai?noth noaae?e oeeaaeaiiy, ye? ? iaeiaeiaeie ye aeey
caaaeueiiai ii?yaeeo, anoaiiaeaiiai noaooath 10 A?a?o?aaeiiai
i?ioeanoaeueiiai eiaeaeno Oe?a?ie, oae ? aeey niaoe?aeueieo ii?yaee?a,
anoaiiaeaieo ii?iaoeaieie aeoaie, ui ?aaoeththoue ie?ai? aeaee
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a. Ine?eueee o?aaeeoe?eiee niin?a oeeaaeaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a a?aeiiee caeiiiaeaanoao caeaaia, ? oe?iei
?iciianthaeaeaiei o ainiiaea?nuee?e i?aeoeoe?, aieiaio oaaao a
aeine?aeaeaii? i?eae?eaii ie?aiei aeooaeueiei ieoaiiyi i?aaiaiai
?aaoethaaiiy oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a o?aaeeoe?eiei
niiniaii. A ?iaio? cacia/a?oueny, ui o ainiiaea?nuee?e ae?yeueiino?
noa?a canoinoaaiiy o?aaeeoe?eii? noaie oeeaaeaiiy «ioa?oa – aeoeaio»
??cei caoaeo?oueny ? oey noaia ia? i?noea eeoa a ie?aieo aeiaaeeao, eiee
th?eaee/ii a?eueii? oaiaee noi??i aeinoaoiuei aeey anoaiiaeaiiy
a?aeiinii i?inoiai ca ci?noii aeiaia??iiai a?aeiioaiiy. Caaaeueiee
ii?yaeie oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o neeaaea?oueny c oaeeo
noaae?e: noaae?? i?iaeoo aeiaiai?o; noaae?? i?ioieieo ?ica?aeiinoae;
noaae?? aaciina?aaeiueiai a?aaoethaaiiy ?ica?aeiinoae; noaae??
a?a?o?aaeiiai ?icaeyaeo ia?aaeaeiaia??iiai nii?o. Ia eiaei?e c oeeo
noaae?e i?ioean oeeaaeaiiy aeiaiai?o iiaea aooe caaa?oaii, yeui noi?iie
ae?eaeooue caiaee c on?o eiai ?noioieo oiia, a o aeiaaeeo iaaeinyaiaiiy
oaei? caiaee i?ae noi?iiaie i?ioean oeeaaeaiiy aeiaiai?o ia?aoiaeeoue
aei ianooiii? noaae??.
A oiiaao aeiiii?/ii? ia??aiino? noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy aeiiii?/ia oa
th?eaee/ia naiaiaea oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a aeaeaei ia
caaaeaee ni?aiaaea? (oae, iiiiiieueia noaiiaeua, yea caeia? iioaioe?eiee
aeiaia??iee eiio?aaaio ia ?eieo oiaa??a oa iineoa, a oaeiae ?io? oaeoi?e
niiioeathoue aeiiii?/ii neaae?oeo noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy i?eeiaoe
cai?iiiiiaai? ?i oiiae aeiaiai??a). C iaoith caoenoo caeiiieo i?aa oa
?ioa?an?a aeiiii?/ii neaae?oi? noi?iie ca aeiaiai?ii ? iaiao?aeiei
aaaaeaiiy a ii?iaoeaiee ii?yaeie oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a
aeaiaio?a ?iia?aoeaiino?. Oea iiaea i?iyaeyoeny aeaiyei: ye
anoaiiaeaiiyi ia?ae?eo iaia’yceiaeo aeey oeeaaeaiiy aeiaiai??a, oae ?
o?enoaaiiyi a caeiiiaeaanoa? i??i?eoaoo ?ioa?an?a neaae?oi? noi?iie a
i?ioean? oeeaaeaiiy aeiaiai?o, aecia/aiiy eiai ci?noo, ii?yaeeo eiai
ci?ie oa ?ic??aaiiy. E??i oiai, i?aaiaei caoenoii a
ainiiaea?nueei-aeiaia??ieo ca’yceao iiaeii? ei?enooaaoeny oaeiae o?
noa’?eoe ainiiaea?thaaiiy, ye? ciaoiaeyoueny o a?aeiineiao
noai?aeeiaoe?? c i?aaiaie aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy (iai?eeeaae, eiee
inoaii? aenooiathoue noi?iiith a aeiaiai?? i?aiaee aea?aeaaiiai iaeia
aai aenooiathoue aea?aeaaiei caiiaieeii).
Aiane?aeie oeueiai noaae?y i?ioieieo ?ica?aeiinoae ia? iaaecae/aeii
aaaeeeaa i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy, ine?eueee aaea ia oe?e noaae?? oeeaaeaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o noa? iiaeeeaei caeiiiaeaa/ee caoeno ?ioa?an?a
neaae?oeo noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy, yeeie, ye i?aaeei, ? niiaeeaa/?
i?iaeoeoe?? (?ia?o, iineoa), a?ae aeeeoaoo ae?iaieea, iniaeeai oiae?,
eiee i?iaeoeoe?y (?iaioe, iineoae), ye? i?iiiiothoueny ia ?eieo
ae?iaieeii, iaeaaeaoue aei /enea aeao?oeeoieo. O ca’yceo c oeei
aeena?oaioeith aeneiaeaii i?iiiceoe?th uiaei cae??ieaiiy a /eiiiio
caeiiiaeaanoa? i??i?eoaoo ?ioa?an?a aaoi?a i?ioieieo a oeo aeiaaeeao,
eiee aeeiiaaoeai ca aeiaiai?ii (aeoeaiith noi?iiith) ? noa’?eo
ainiiaea?thaaiiy, io?oe?eii aeciaiee iiiiiie?noii, a aeey aeayeeo aeae?a
ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino? – oaeiae i?aai ainiiaea?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy.
Ia aeoieo aaoi?a, noaae?y a?a?o?aaeiiai ??oaiiy ? iaei??th c aieiaieo
iniaeeainoae ii?yaeeo oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o. ?icaeyae
a?a?o?aaeieie noaeaie ni?aa ?c nii??a, ye? aeieeathoue i?e oeeaaeaii?
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a, ? iaei??th c oi?i aea?aeaaiiai aieeao ia
naiaiaeo aieaaeyaeaiiy noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy. I?e oeueiio ??oaiiy
a?a?o?aaeiiai noaeo i?i niiioeaiiy aei oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeiai
aeiaiai?o aai i?i eiai oeeaaeaiiy ia iaaieo oiiaao ? ii noo? aeaaeiei
aeoii, yeee cai?ith? niaith aieaaeyaeaiiy noi??i c? ni??ieo oiia
aeiaiai?o. No/ania aeiiii?/ia ?aoi?ia oa?aeoa?eco?oueny cia/iei
nei?i/aiiyi /enaeueiino? iaia’yceiaeo aei oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo
aeiaiai??a, i?e/iio oaea iaia’yceia?noue anoaiiaeaia eeoa aeey iaaiiai
eiea noa’?eo?a (ieie ? aai ae?iaieee i?iaeoeoe?? (?ia?o, iineoa), aai
aea?aeaai? i?aaie ainiiaea?nueeiai ea??aieoeoaa). Aaoi? aeioiaeeoue
aeniiaeo, ui ii?iaoeaiee ii?yaeie oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a
iiaeiai aooe aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiee caeaaeii a?ae oiai, /e ? aeiaia??
iaia’yceiaei aeey oeeaaeaiiy (a neeo i?yii? aeac?aee caeiio, aeoa
ieaioaaiiy aai a neeo ?nioth/iai i?ae noi?iiaie iiia?aaeiueiai
aeiaiai?o), aai a?i oeeaaea?oueny a?eueiei aieaaeyaeaiiyi noi??i.
Aiae?c /eiiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa oa a?a?o?aaeii? i?aeoeee ?icaeyaeo
ia?aaeaeiaia??ieo nii??a aeaa ciiao ae?eoe aeniiaeo, ui ii?iaoeaiee
ii?yaeie ?aaoethaaiiy oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a iio?aao?
oaeineiiaeaiiy. Aeena?oaioeith cai?iiiiiaaii iiao ?aaeaeoe?th noaoo? 10
A?a?o?aaeiiai i?ioeanoaeueiiai eiaeaeno:
«Noaooy 10. Aeia?a?o?aaeia a?aaoethaaiiy ?ica?aeiinoae, ui aeieeathoue
i?e oeeaaeaii? ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a.
1. ?ica?aeiino?, ui aeieeathoue i?ae i?aei?e?inoaaie, i?aai?caoe?yie i?e
oeeaaeaiii ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai?ia, ?icaeyaeathoueny ea??aieeaie /e
canooiieeaie ea??aiee?a i?aei?e?inoa oa i?aai?caoe?e aai ca ?o
oiiaiiaaaeaiiyi ?ioeie iniaaie.
2. I?e iayaiino? caia?a/aiue uiaei oiia aeiaiai?o i?aei?e?inoai /e
i?aai?caoe?y, ye? iaea?aeaee i?iaeo aeiaiai?o, neeaaeathoue i?ioieie
?icaiaeiinoae, i?i ui ?iaeoueny canoa?aaeaiiy a aeiaiai??, oa o
20-aeaiiee no?ie iaaeneeathoue ae?oa?e noi?ii? aeaa i?ei??ieee i?ioieieo
?acii c i?aeienaiei aeiaiai?ii.
Aeinyaiaiiy noi?iiaie caiaee ca oiiaaie i?ioieieo ?icaiaeiinoae
i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny i?ioieieii ocaiaeaeaiiy ?icaiaeiinoae aai ?ioeie
aeieoiaioaie (eenoaie, oaeaa?aiaie, oaeaoaeiia?aiaie, oaenia?aiaie
oiui).
3. sseui aea?aeaaiee caiiaiee, yeee io?eiaa i?ioieie ?icaiaeiinoae uiaei
oiia aea?aeaaiiai eiio?aeoo, ia ia?aaeanoue o 20-aeaiiee oa?i?i
?ica?aeiino?, ui caeeoeeeny iaa?aaoeueiaaieie, ia ?icaeyae a?a?o?aaeiiai
noaeo, aea?aeaaiee eiio?aeo aaaaea?oueny oeeaaeaiei ia oiiaao,
cai?iiiiiaaieo aeeiiaaoeai aea?aeaaiiai caiiaeaiiy.
4. sseui aeeiiaaaoeue ca aeiaiai?ii, yeee ? io?oe?eii aeciaiei
iiiiiie?noii ia iaaiiio ?eieo oiaa??a (?ia?o, iineoa) aai i?aaiii
ainiiaea?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy, ia ia?aaeanoue o 20-aeaiiee no?ie
?ica?aeiino?, ui caeeoeeeny iaa?aaoeueiaaieie, ia ?icaeyae a?a?o?aaeiiai
noaeo, aeiaia?? aaaaea?oueny oeeaaeaiei ia oiiaao i?ioieieo
?ica?aeiinoae.
5. sseui i?aei?e?inoai /e i?aai?caoe?y, ye? iaea?aeaee i?ioieie
?icaiaeiinoae uiaei oiia aeiaiai?o, yeee ia caniiaaii ia aea?aeaaiiio
caiiaeaii? /e eiai oeeaaeaiiy ia ? aeey ieo iaia’yceiaei ia i?aenoaa?
i?yii? aeac?aee caeiio, ia ia?aaeaaeooue ?icaiaeiinoi, ui caeeoeeeny
iaa?aaoeueiaaieie ia ae??oaiiy a?aio?aaeiiai noaeo, aeiaia?? ?
iaoeeaaeaiei (oaeei, ui ia a?aeaoany).
6. Ia?aaeaeiaia??i? nii?e i?i niiioeaiiy aei oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeiai
aeiaiai?o, yeee ia ? iaia’yceiaei aeey oeeaaeaiiy a neeo i?yii? aeac?aee
caeiio, aeoa ieaioaaiiy aai ?nioth/iai i?ae noi?iiaie iiia?aaeiueiai
aeiaiai?o, oa i?i a?aaoethaaiiy ?icaiaeiinoae uiaei oiia oaeiai
aeiaiai?o ?icaeyaeathoueny a?a?o?aaeieie noaeaie eeoa o aeiaaeeao, eiee
oea i?yii ia?aaeaa/aii oaiaeith noi??i.
7. A oiio aeiaaeeo, eiee noi?iie ia aeinyaee caiaee ca an?ia ?noioieie
oiiaaie aeiaiai?o a ii?yaeeo aeia?a?o?aaeiiai a?aaoethaaiiy
?icaiaeiinoae i ia?aaeaee ia?aaeaeiaia??iee ni?? ia ?icaeyae
a?aio?aaeiiai noaeo, iiiaioii oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o ?
aeaoa ??oaiiy a?a?o?aaeiiai noaeo ii ia?aaeaeiaia??iiio nii?o».
?icae?e o?ao?e aeena?oaoe?? «I?aaia? i?iaeaie oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo
aeiaiai??a a oiiaao eiieo?aioe?? iieoioe?a» i?enay/aiee ieoaiiyi
ii?iaoeaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a a
i?ioean? oi?a?a, ooieoe?iioaaiiy yeeo coiiaeaii ?nioaaiiyi iaoai?cio
?eieiai? eiieo?aioe??.
Cae?eniaiiy a??aeiai? oi?a?ae?, i?iaaaeaiiy aoeoe?ii?a ? eiieo?n?a
iathoue niaoeeo?/i? iniaeeaino?, ye?, c iaeiiai aieo, iaoiiaeai? ?o
??ciei i?aaiaei ?aaoethaaiiyi ? ae?eiaeie cae/ayie, a c ?ioiai – iathoue
nooo?ao noiae?noue, ui aea? ciiao ?ic?iaeoe caaaeueio iiaeaeue
oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a a oiiaao eiieo?aioe?? iieoioe?a.
Aaoi? cacia/a?, ui niin?a oeeaaeaiiy aeiaiai??a ia a??aeao, aoeoe?iiao,
eiieo?nao, ? iao?aaeeoe?eiei /a?ac ieceo i?e/ei.
Ii-ia?oa, anoaiiaeaiiy aeiaia??ieo a?aeiinei a?aeaoaa?oueny a oiiaao
eiieo?aioe??, i?e/iio eiieo?aioe?y iiaea ?nioaaoe ye i?ae oeie
noa’?eoaie, ui i?iiiiothoue aei i?iaeaaeo yeee-iaaoaeue oiaa? – iei
iiaea aooe ye iaeii, oae ? iaai? i?aaa (ye i?aaeiao o’th/a?nieo ?
iioe?iiieo eiio?aeo?a), – oae ? i?ae noa’?eoaie, ye? aaaeathoue
i?eaeaaoe oeae oiaa? ia iaaieo oiiaao. Ne?ae cacia/eoe, ui eiieo?aioe?y
iieoioe?a ia? i?noea ye i?e oeeaaeaii? aeiaiai??a ia aoeoe?iiao,
eiieo?nao, oae ? i?e oeeaaeaii? aeiaiai??a ia a??aeao. Iaeiae ia
a?aei?io a?ae aoeoe?ii?a oa eiieo?n?a a a??aeia?e oi?a?ae? iiaeeeaa
eiieo?aioe?y ia o?eueee iieoioe?a, a e i?iaeaaoe?a. Ii-ae?oaa, i?aaiaa
?aaeaiaioaoe?y ii?yaeeo oeeaaeaiiy aeiaiai??a cae?enith?oueny /a?ac
niaoe?aeuei? ii?iaoeai? aeoe, ye? ?aaoeththoue ia ie?ai? aeaee
ainiiaea?nueei-aeiaia??ieo ciaia’ycaiue, a i?aai?caoe?th oa i?iaaaeaiiy
a??aeiai? oi?a?ae?, aoeoe?ii?a oa eiieo?n?a, oiaoi oi?a?a.
Aeena?oaioeith cai?iiiiiaaia caaaeueia iiaeaeue oeeaaeaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a a oiiaao eiieo?aioe?? iieoioe?a. Oey iiaeaeue
caniiaaia ia oiio, ui i?aenoaaith aeieeiaiiy ainiiaea?nueeiai
ciaia’ycaiiy c aeiaiai?o, yeee oeeaaeaiee ia a??ae?, aoeoe?ii?,
eiieo?n?, ? neeaaeiee th?eaee/iee neeaae, ui aeeth/a? aei naaa
iiia?aaei?e aeiaia?? oa iniiaiee aeiaia??, ci?no yeiai aecia/aiee
oiiaaie iiia?aaeiueiai aeiaiai?o.
sse iieaco? aiae?c /eiiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa, a caaaeueiiaea?aeaaiiio
ianooaa? ii?yaeie oeeaaeaiiy a??aeiaeo oaiae, a oaeiae ?icaeyaeo nii??a,
ye? aeieeathoue i?e ?o oeeaaeaii? (a??aeiaiai a?a?o?aaeo) ii?iaoeaii ia
a?aaoeueiaaiee ? a?aeianaiee aei eiiiaoaioe?? i?aai?a oi?aae?iiy a??ae?,
ui ?, ia aeoieo aaoi?a, iaaaeaeaaoiei no/aniei oiiaai ainiiaea?thaaiiy.
A ?iaio? aeae?eythoueny oae? iniaeeaino? a??aeiaiai niiniao oeeaaeaiiy
aeiaiai??a:
-aecia/ai?noue i?noey oeeaaeaiiy a??aeiai? oaiaee, ine?eueee aeinyaiaiiy
oaiaee noi?iiaie i?e i?iaaaeaii? a??aeiaeo oi?a?a, o?enoaaiiy oe???
oaiaee a ?aeeiiio th?eaee/iiio aeieoiaio? – aeiaiai?? (eiio?aeo?) – e
ianooiia eiai ?a?no?aoe?y caaaeaee a?aeaoaathoueny o i?ei?uaii? a??ae?.
Iaaeiaea?aeaiiy oe??? oiiae icia/a?, ui oaiaea ia ia? oa?aeoa? a??aeiai?
? ia ia? ia iioe?th?oueny ae?y ii?iaoeaieo aeo?a, ye? ?aaoeththoue
a??aeiao ae?yeuei?noue (caeiiiaeaa/eo, a?aeii/eo oa eieaeueieo);
– iniaeeaee ii?yaeie ae?aaeaiiy ioa?oe oa ?? aeoeaioo, ye? iiaeooue
aeoiaeeoe o?eueee a?ae aecia/aiiai /eiiei caeiiiaeaanoaii eiea
noa’?eo?a;
– ciainiaethaaiiy oaiae, oiaoi «cieeiaiiy» an?o iniaenoeo a?aeiinei i?ae
i?iaeaaoeai oa iieoioeai. Ae?aaeaia iaeaaeiei /eiii ioa?oa caa?iaia aei
iaaecia/aiiai eiea iieoioe?a. A i?ioean? aaaeaiiy a??aeiaeo oi?a?a
iiaeeeaith ? oaea neooaoe?y, i?e ye?e aeiaeai c iieoioe?a ia aeneiaeoue
nai?? caiaee ia oeeaaeaiiy oaiaee. Noa’?eoai ainiiaea?thaaiiy, ye?
oeeaaeathoue oaiaee c ?aaeueiei oiaa?ii ia a??aeao, a i?eioeei?
aaeaeoaea iniaa e?aaeeoi?a (ai?aeieea), ine?eueee ?o ?ioa?anothoue,
aieiaiei /eiii, noaiaea?oiee oiaa? ? oiiae eiai iinoaaee;
– noaiaea?oecaoe?y a??aeiaiai oiaa?o, ui aecia/a? eiai ciainiaeai?noue.
Cayaea ia i?iaeaae oiaa?o ia a??ae? ca nai?i oa?aeoa?ii ? ioa?oith,
caa?iaiith aei iaaecia/aiiai eiea iieoioe?a. Cae?enieoe aeoeaio oe???
ioa?oe iiaeooue eeoa o? noa’?eoe, ye? iathoue i?aai o/ano? a a??aeia?e
oi?a?ae? ia oe?e a??ae?. Onia oaiaea i?ae o/anieeaie a??aeiaeo oi?a?a,
yea o?eno?oueny ca?aeii ?c i?aaeeaie a??aeiai? oi?a?ae? a??ae?, ?
iiia?aaei?i aeiaiai?ii, a?aeiia?aeii aei yeiai noi?iie ciaia’ycai? a
iaaiee no?ie oeeanoe oa ca?a?no?oaaoe a??aeiao oaiaeo (eiio?aeo) ia
oiiaao, ia?aaeaa/aieo oeei aeiaiai?ii.
Ia i?aenoaa? aiae?co /eiiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa oa i?aeoeee oeeaaeaiiy oaiae
ia Oe?a?inuee?e aa?a?i?e a??ae? oa Oe?a?inuee?e oiiaeia?e a??ae?, aaoi?
ae?eoia aeniiaeo, ui th?eaee/iee iaoai?ci ?aaoethaaiiy oeeaaeaiiy
a??aeiaeo oaiae iiaeiai a?oiooaaoeny ia niieo/aii? aea?aeaaiiai
?aaoethaaiiy oa naii?aaoethaaiiy a??aeiaiai ?eieo, caaacia/oaaoe
aeeiiaiiy a??aeath ye oi?iith i?aai?caoe?? iioiaiai ?eieo oiaa??a
aeanoeaeo ?e ooieoe?e (ni?eyiiy i?ioeanai oiaa?iiai?io ? oi?ioaaiiy
iiai? nenoaie ainiiaea?nueeeo ca’yce?a, noai?aiiy oaei? no?oeoo?e
ae?iaie/eo a?aeiinei, yea ni?ey? eiieo?aioe?? oiaa?iae?iaiee?a oiui). A
ca’yceo c oeei aoaea aeioe?eueiei aeiiiaieoe Caeii Oe?a?ie «I?i oiaa?io
a??aeo» oa Caeii Oe?a?ie «I?i oe?ii? iaia?e ? oiiaeiao a??aeo»
?icae?eaie, ye? a ?aaoethaaee ii?yaeie oeeaaeaiiy a??aeiaeo oaiae
(caaaeueieo oiia oeeaaeaiiy oaiae ia a??ae?, ui iaeaaeaoue aei ii?yaeeo
aeyaeaiiy i?iaeaaoeai ioa?oe oa ?? aeoeaioo iieoioeai, i?aaee ioi?ieaiiy
a??aeiai? oaiaee o aeaeyae? ?aeeiiai aeieoiaioo, ii?yaeeo a?aaoethaaiiy
?ica?aeiinoae, ye? aeieeathoue i?e oeeaaeaii? oaiae).
A ia?aa?ao? o?aoueiio ?icaeyaea?oueny ii?yaeie oeeaaeaiiy aeiaiai??a a
oiiaao eiieo?aioe?? eeoa iieoioe?a (ca ?acoeueoaoaie aoeoe?iio,
eiieo?no). Aiae?coth/e /eiia caeiiiaeaanoai, aeena?oaioea aeioiaeeoue
aeniiaeo, ui oeeaaeaiiy iiia?aaeiueiai aeiaiai?o i?e i?iaaaeaii?
aoeoe?iio, eiieo?no ii/eia?oueny c cai?ioaiiy aei ioa?oe, ui aae?aniaaia
iaaecia/aiiio eieo in?a. Oaeei cai?ioaiiyi ? ioae?eaoe?y ?ioi?iaoe?? i?i
ia’?eoe, ui i?aeeyaathoue i?iaeaaeo ia aoeoe?ii?, ca eiieo?nii. Ioa?oith
ae ? cayaa th?eaee/ii? aai o?ce/ii? iniae ia o/anoue a aoeoe?ii?,
eiieo?n?, ui iiaea?oueny aei a?aeiia?aeiiai i?aaio i?eaaoecaoe??,
ine?eueee naia a oe?e caya? ae?aaeaiee iai?? iniae ia oeeaaeaiiy
aeiaiai?o ia iaaieo oiiaao. Aeoeaioii ioa?oe ? neeaaeaiee iaeaaeiei
/eiii i?ioieie i?iaaaeaiiai aoeoe?iio aai i?ioieie eiieo?nii? eii?n??,
caoaa?aeaeaiee i?aaiii i?eaaoecaoe??. Oeeaaeaiee oaeei /eiii iiia?aaei?e
aeiaia?? ? i?aenoaaith aeey oeeaaeaiiy iniiaiiai aeiaiai?o
eoi?ae?-i?iaeaaeo aea?aeaaiiai iaeia. No?iee oeeaaeaiiy iniiaiiai
aeiaiai?o eoi?ae?-i?iaeaaeo, a oaeiae aeiiae uiaei eiai oi?ie
anoaiiaeai? /eiiei caeiiiaeaanoaii. Iaaeaiiy aeiaiai?o iaiao?aeii?
a?aeiia?aeii aei aeiia caeiiiaeaanoaa oi?ie iiaeiii ?icaeyaeaoeny ye
iaia’ycie noi??i, ui aeo?ea? c iiia?aaeiueiai aeiaiai?o, iaaeeiiaiiy
yeiai ni?e/eiy? aaeeooy caoiae?a th?eaee/ii? a?aeiia?aeaeueiino?, ia?o
ca ana, iaeiiai?.
O oiio aeiaaeeo, eiee iaeia ?c noi??i iiia?aaeiueiai aeiaiai?o
ooeey?ueny a?ae oeeaaeaiiy iniiaiiai aeiaiai?o, ?ioa noi?iia ia? i?aai
caa?iooeny aei a?a?o?aaeiiai noaeo c iiciaii i?i niiioeaiiy aei
oeeaaeaiiy iniiaiiai aeiaiai?o, a oaeiae noyaiaiiy oo?aoieo naieoe?e c
aeiii? noi?iie ca ooeeaiiy a?ae oeeaaeaiiy iniiaiiai aeiaiai?o. Oaeee
oo?ao ca nai?th i?e?iaeith ? iaeiei ?c niinia?a caaacia/aiiy aeeiiaiiy
aeiaia??ieo ciaia’ycaiue, ia?aaeaa/aieo noaooath 179 Oeea?eueiiai
eiaeaeno O?N?. Aaoi? i?iiiio? anoaiiaeoe ?ici?? oo?aoo ca ooeeaiiy a?ae
oeeaaeaiiy iniiaiiai aeiaiai?o o ?ici??? 20 a?aenioe?a ii/aoeiai? oe?ie
i?iaeaaeo ia aoeoe?ii?, ca eiieo?nii, oiaoi o aeaie?aoiiio ?ici???
a?ioiai? noie, yea aiineoueny o/anieeii aoeoe?iio, eiieo?no. O aeiaaeeo
ooeeaiiy iaei??th ?c noi??i a?ae i?aeienaiiy aeiaiai?o eoi?ae?-i?iaeaaeo
?ioa noi?iia ai?aa? aeiaaaoe ?ic??aaiiy iiia?aaeiueiai aeiaiai?o c
a?aeoeiaeoaaiiyi ca ?aooiie aeiii? noi?iie caeoe?a, caiiae?yieo ?io?e
noi?ii? o ca’yceo c ooeeaiiyi a?ae oeeaaeaiiy iniiaiiai aeiaiai?o, ca
i?aaeeaie noaoo? 204 Oeea?eueiiai eiaeaeno, oiaoi a /anoei?, yea ia
iie?eoa iaonoieeith.
Ine?eueee a Oe?a?i? aoeoe?iie, eiieo?ne c i?iaeaaeo iaeia ae?iaie/iai
i?ecia/aiiy, a oaeiae a??aeiaa oi?a?aey oiiaeiaeie oe?iiinoyie ae?noaee
oe?ieiai ?iciianthaeaeaiiy a ca’yceo c i?ioeanaie i?eaaoecaoe??
aea?aeaaiiai iaeia, ui na?eicii aieeaathoue ia aeiiii?/io neooaoe?th a
e?a?i? oa ni?e/eiythoue aeeaie? nioe?aeueii-iie?oe/i? iane?aeee, oiio
i?aaiaa ?aaoethaaiiy iao?aaeeoe?eiiai niiniao oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo
aeiaiai??a oiiaao aeniei? eiieo?aioe?? iieoioe?a iiaeiii aooe ni?yiiaaia
ia caoeno i?aa ? caeiiieo ?ioa?an?a iieoioe?a ye neaae?oi? noi?iie a
oaeeo aeiaia??ieo a?aeiineiao, a oaeiae caoeno ?ioa?an?a noni?euenoaa a
oe?eiio. Cae??ieaiiy neeaaeiiai th?eaee/iiai neeaaeo oeeaaeaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a a oiiaao eiieo?aioe?? iieoioe?a a Caeii? i?i
ainiiaea?nuee? aeiaiai?e neeaaeaoeia i?aaiao iniiao ye aeey
aeia?inia?nii? eiieo?aioe?? iieoioe?a, oae ? aeey caoenoo i?aa iieoioe?a
o a?aeiineiao c i?iaeaaoeyie iaeia (oiiaiiaaaeaieie ieie iniaaie).
O aeniiaeao ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiiy noi?ioeueiaaii iniiai?
oai?aoe/i? aeniiaee c oaie aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy, aeeeaaeaii
i?iiiceoe?? uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy /eiiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa, ui ?aaoeth?
ainiiaea?nueei-aeiaia??i? a?aeiineie. Aeneiaeaii ocaaaeueithth/a
iieiaeaiiy i?i oa, ui caeiiiaeaanoai Oe?a?ie i?i ainiiaea?nuee?
aeiaiai?e ciaoiaeeoueny a noaae?? noaiiaeaiiy ? oi?io?oueny a iniiaiiio
c o?aooaaiiyi oaiaeaioe?e aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo e?a?ie. O ca’yceo c oeei
aaa/a?oueny iaiao?aeiei ia?ao?ae a?ae ?ic??ciaiiai i?aaiaiai
?aaoethaaiiy ie?aieo aeae?a ainiiaea?nueei-aeiaia??ieo a?aeiinei aei
nenoaiiiai oa oe?e?niiai. Ainiiaea?nueeee (Eiia?oe?eiee) eiaeaen
Oe?a?ie, aieiaiith iaoith yeiai ? caaacia/aiiy oaei? i?aaiai?
?aaeaiaioaoe?? ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino?, i?e ye?e an? noa’?eoe
ainiiaea?thaaiiy iacaeaaeii a?ae oi?i aeaniino? aoaeooue
i?aeii?yaeeiaai? aeiiaai noni?eueiiai ainiiaea?nueeiai ii?yaeeo, ia?
aooe no?eaeiai iaoe?iiaeueiiai ainiiaea?nueeiai caeiiiaeaanoaa. A
Ainiiaea?nueeiio (Eiia?oe?eiiio) eiaeaen? iathoue i?noeoeny
iniiaiiieiaei? canaaee ?aaoethaaiiy ainiiaea?nueei-aeiaia??ieo
a?aeiinei. Aeaoaeuei?oi? ae i?aaiai? ?aaeaiaioaoe?? aeiaiai?e a noa?e
ainiiaea?thaaiiy iathoue iaea?aeaoe a niaoe?aeueiiio Caeii? i?i
ainiiaea?nuee? aeiaiai?e.
Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?? aeeeaaeaii o o?ueio iaoeiaeo
ioae?eaoe?yo:
Aaeyiaae/ A. Oece/aneia eeoei eae noauaeo oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee //
I?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoai, oicyenoai e i?aai. – 1997. – ? 1. – N. 12-15.
Aaeyiaae/ I. A?aeie?aieai? i?ae?icae?ee i?aei?e?inoa ye o/anieee
ainiiaea?nueeiai ia?ao// A?niee Aeuiai a?a?o?aaeiiai noaeo Oe?a?ie. –
1998. – ? 2. – N. 248-251.
Aaeyiaae/ A. Iaeioi?ua aii?inu i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey caeeth/aiey
oicyenoaaiiuo aeiaiai?ia a ii?yaeea a?aeo?aaeiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa //
I?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoai, oicyenoai e i?aai. – 1998. – ? 9. – N. 44-47.
Aaeyiaae/ I. A. Ainiiaea?nueeee aeiaia?? oa niiniae eiai oeeaaeaiiy. –
?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa th?eaee/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 12.00.04. – Ainiiaea?nueea i?aai; a?a?o?aaeiee
i?ioean. – Ee?anueeee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea, Ee?a, 1999.
Aeena?oaoe?y i?noeoue eiiieaeniee aiae?c ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o ye
i?aaiaiai ?inoeoooo ainiiaea?nueeiai i?aaa. Aeine?aeaeaii aeieo?eiaeueia
iiiyooy ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o oa ieoaiiy i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy
oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a a no/anieo oiiaao
ainiiaea?thaaiiy. Iniaeeaa oaaaa i?eae?eaia iao?aaeeoe?eiiio niiniao
oeeaaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiaiai??a a oiiaao eiieo?aioe?? iieoioe?a
(a??aeiaeo oaiae, aeiaiai??a, ui oeeaaeathoueny ia aoeoe?iiao, ca
eiieo?nii). Iaa?oioiao?oueny iaiao?aei?noue i?eeiyooy Caeiio i?i
ainiiaea?nuee? aeiaiai?e, aianaiiy ci?i oa aeiiiaiaiue aei /eiiiai
caeiiiaeaanoaa Oe?a?ie.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: ainiiaea?nueeee aeiaia??, ainiiaea?nueei-aeiaia??i?
a?aeiineie, aea?aeaaia ?aaoethaaiiy, o?aaeeoe?eiee niin?a oeeaaeaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeiai aeiaiai?o, oeeaaeaiiy aeiaiai?o a oiiaao eiieo?aioe??
iieoioe?a.
Aaeyiaae/ A.A. Oicyenoaaiiue aeiaiai? e niiniau aai caeeth/aiey. –
?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa th?eaee/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 12.00.04. – Oicyenoaaiiia i?aai; a?aeo?aaeiue
i?ioeann. – Eeaaneee oieaa?neoao eiaie Oa?ana Oaa/aiei, Eeaa, 1999.
Aeenna?oaoeey niaea?aeeo eiiieaeniue aiaeec oicyenoaaiiiai aeiaiai?a eae
i?aaiaiai einoeoooa oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Enneaaeiaaii aeieo?eiaeueiia
iiiyoea oicyenoaaiiiai aeiaiai?a e aii?inu i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey
caeeth/aiey oicyenoaaiiuo aeiaiai?ia a nia?aiaiiuo oneiaeyo
oicyenoaiaaiey. Iiiyoea oicyenoaaiiiai aeiaiai?a – iniiaaiiiai ia
niaeaoaiee noi?ii e caoeene?iaaiiiai a onoaiiaeaiiie caeiiii oi?ia
iaycaoaeuenoaaiiiai i?aaiioiioaiey iaaeaeo noauaeoaie oicyenoaiaaiey,
niaea?aeaieai eioi?iai yaeyaony acaeiiua i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe noi?ii a
iaeanoe oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe – auaiaeeony ec niaieoiiinoe aai
i?eciaeia: noauaeoiiai ninoaaa e iniaie oeaeaaie iai?aaeaiiinoe.
Aeaaiuie iniaaiiinoyie oicyenoaaiiiai aeiaiai?a eae naeaeee yaeyaony aai
noauaeoiue ninoaa e ia?aie/aiea aeiaiai?iie naiaiaeu a oicyenoaaiiuo
ioiioaieyo. Noi?iiaie (noi?iiie) a oicyenoaaiiii aeiaiai?a aunooiatho
noauaeou oicyenoaiaaiey, a oaeaea iaoicyenoaaiiua i?aaiecaoeee i?e
inouanoaeaiee eie oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, iaiaoiaeeiie aeey
aeinoeaeaiey oeaeae, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo eo o/?aaeeoaeueiuie aeieoiaioaie.
I?e yoii iaee/ea o noauaeoa oicyenoaiaaiey noaoona th?eaee/aneiai eeoea
ia yaeyaony iaycaoaeueiui, iineieueeo noi?iia oicyenoaaiiiai aeiaiai?a
iiaeao oaeiaui e ia auoue. A ?aaioa iainiiauaaaony iaiaoiaeeiinoue
caeiiiaeaoaeueiiai i?eciaiey i?aaa iainiaeaiiuo iiae?acaeaeaiee
oicyenoaaiiuo i?aaiecaoeee (oeeeaeia, i?aaenoaaeoaeuenoa, ioaeaeaiee e
o.i.) ia caeeth/aiea oicyenoaaiiuo aeiaiai?ia io naiaai eiaie a
neo/ayo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo i?aaionoaiaaeeaathueie aeieoiaioaie oaeeo
iiae?acaeaeaiee, e niioaaonoaaiii iaaeaeaiey eo naiinoiyoaeueiie
i?ioeannoaeueiie i?aainoauaeoiinoueth.
Naiaia?acea oicyenoaaiiiai aeiaiai?a eae iaycaoaeuenoaaiiiai
i?aaiioiioaiey ii?aaeaeyaony i?e?iaeie iiin?aaeoaiuo ei oicyenoaaiiuo
naycae. Iii i?iyaeyaony a iai?aaeaiiinoe oicyenoaaiiiai aeiaiai?a ia
ianeoaeeaaiea oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe e a ni/aoaiee eiouanoaaiiuo e
i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo yeaiaioia a aai niaea?aeaiee.
A oneiaeyo nioeeaeueii-i?eaioe?iaaiiie ?uii/iie yeiiiieee i?aaiaay
?aaeaiaioaoeey oicyenoaaiiuo aeiaiai?ia aeieaeia iniiauaaoueny ia
?acoiiii ni/aoaiee ioaee/ii-i?aaiauo e /anoii-i?aaiauo yeaiaioia. A
noa?a yeiiiieee naiaiaea aeiaiai?a aeiionoeia eeoue a oie ia?a, a eaeie
iia ia ia?ooaao eioa?ania iauanoaa a oeaeii. Aaaaeaiea yeaiaioia
eiia?aoeaiinoe a ii?iaoeaiia ?aaoee?iaaiea oicyenoaaiii-aeiaiai?iuo
ioiioaiee iai?aaeaii, i?aaeaea anaai, ia caueoo i?aa e caeiiiuo
eioa?ania aieaa neaauo noauaeoia oicyenoaiaaiey, a oaeaea iiaeaea?aeaiea
iauanoaaiiiai oicyenoaaiiiai ii?yaeea a no?aia. A oeaeii i?aaiaie ?aaeei
oicyenoaaiiuo aeiaiai?ia aeieaeai aeeooa?aioee?iaaoueny a caaeneiinoe io
oiai, yaeythony ee yoe aeiaiai?u iaycaoaeueiuie e caeeth/aieth (ia
iniiaa aeoa ieaie?iaaiey eee a neeo i?yiiai oeacaiey caeiia) eee aea
caeeth/aaiuie naiaiaeiui aieaecuyaeaieai noi?ii.
?ac?aaioaii iiiyoea niiniaa caeeth/aiey oicyenoaaiiiai aeiaiai?a –
ii?iaoeaii o?aaoee?iaaiiie i?aaiecaoeee inouanoaeaiey noauaeoaie
oicyenoaiaaiey acaeiiuo aeaenoaee ii onoaiiaeaieth
oicyenoaaiii-aeiaiai?iuo ioiioaiee e ii?aaeaeaieth niaea?aeaiey
aeiaiai?iiai iaycaoaeuenoaa. Enneaaeiaaiu o?aaeeoeeiiiua e
iao?aaeeoeeiiiua niiniau caeeth/aiey oicyenoaaiiuo aeiaiai?ia.
E o?aaeeoeeiiiiio niiniao ioianaii caeeth/aiea oicyenoaaiiuo aeiaiai?ia
niaeaoaieai noi?ii, aeeth/ay caeeth/aiea aeiaiai?ia a ii?yaeea
a?aeo?aaeiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Iainiiauaaaony iaiaoiaeeiinoue
aeeooa?aioeeaoeee i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey ii?yaeea caeeth/aiey
oicyenoaaiiuo aeiaiai?ia, aeeth/ay aiciiaeiinoue caeeth/aiey aeiaiai?ia
a ii?yaeea a?aeo?aaeiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, a caaeneiinoe io oiai,
yaeyaony ee oicyenoaaiiue aeiaiai? iaycaoaeueiui e caeeth/aieth eee
caeeth/aaiui naiaiaeiui aieaecuyaeaieai noi?ii.
I?iaaaeaii eiiieaeniia enneaaeiaaiea iao?aaeeoeeiiiuo niiniaia
caeeth/aiey oicyenoaaiiuo aeiaiai?ia (oi?aia). ?anniio?aiu i?aaiaua
aii?inu caeeth/aiey oicyenoaaiiuo aeiaiai?ia i?e eiieo?aioeee
i?iaeaaoeia (ia ae?aeao) e aac eiieo?aioeee i?iaeaaoeia (ia aoeoeeiiao,
eiieo?nao). I?aaeeaaaaony ?anniao?eaaoue iniiaaieai aicieeiiaaiey
iaycaoaeuenoaa i?e i?iaaaeaiee oi?aia neiaeiue th?eaee/aneee ninoaa,
aeeth/athuee a naay i?aaeaa?eoaeueiue aeiaiai? e iniiaiie aeiaiai?,
niaea?aeaiea eioi?iai ii?aaeaeyaony oneiaeyie i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
aeiaiai?a.
Iainiiauaaaony iaiaoiaeeiinoue i?eiyoey Caeiia i oicyenoaaiiuo
aeiaiai?ao, aianaiey eciaiaiee e aeiiieiaiee a aeaenoaothuaa
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai Oe?aeiu.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: oicyenoaaiiue aeiaiai?, oicyenoaaiii-aeiaiai?iua
ioiioaiey, ainoaea?noaaiiia ?aaoee?iaaiea, o?aaeeoeeiiiue niinia
caeeth/aiey oicyenoaaiiuo aeiaiai?ia, caeeth/aiea aeiaiai?ia a oneiaeyo
eiieo?aioeee iieoiaoaeae.
Belyanevych E.A. Business Contracts and the Means of their Conclusion.
– Manuscript.
Dissertation work for seeking of the scientific degree of the Candidate
of Law on speciality 12.00.04. – Business Law; Arbitration Procedure. –
Kyiv Taras Shevchenko University. Kyiv, 1999.
Dissertation contains a complex analysis of business contracts as a
legal institution of business law. An investigation of the doctrine of
business contracts and the questions of legal regulation of the process
of their conclusion in the contemporary conditions of economy are
provided. Special attention is dedicated to non-traditional means of
conclusion of business contracts in conditions of competition of buyers
(stock deals, contracts to be concluded on auctions or competition).
Necessity of the adoption of the Law on Business Contracts and making
alterations and amendments to the current legislation of Ukraine are
substantiated.
Key words: business contract; economic contractual relationships; state
regulation; traditional means of conclusion of business contract;
conclusion of business contracts in conditions of competition of
buyers.
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