.

Дослідження та розробка засобів обезпилювання на цементних заводах Йорданії: Автореф. дис… канд. техн. наук / Врейкат Абдель Кхалех Ібрагім, Криворі

Язык: украинский
Формат: реферат
Тип документа: Word Doc
145 2171
Скачать документ

I?I?NOA?NOAI INA?OE OE?A?IE

E?EAI??CUeEEE OAOI?*IEE OI?AA?NEOAO

Ia i?aaao ?oeiieno

A?AEEAO AAAeAEUe EOAEAO ?A?AA?I

OAeE 628.511.666.94

AeINE?AeAEAIIss OA ?IC?IAEA CANIA?A

IAACIEETHAAIIss IA OeAIAIOIEO CAAIAeAO

EI?AeAI??

Niaoe?aeuei?noue 05.26.01 –”Ioi?iia i?aoe?”

AAOI?AOA?AO

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe

E?eaee ??a – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioo aeeiiaii a Aeiiaanueeiio a??ie/i-iaoaeo?a?eiiio ?inoeooo?,
I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee – eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio

Aeaaeaeaiei Aieiaeeie? Aiae??eiae/

Aeiiaanueeee a??ie/i-iaoaeo?a?eiee ?inoeooo,

caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe – aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, noa?oee iaoeiaee
ni?a?ia?oiee

Oaeaeeee Ieeiea ?aaiiae/,

Oe?a?inueeee aea?aeaaiee iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee ?inoeooo aaciaee i?aoe? oa
aeieia?? o a??ie/i?oaei?e oa iaoaeo?a?ei?e i?iieneiaino?, aee?aeoi?

Eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe, noa?oee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee

O?aioeia Aieiaeeie? Ieaen?eiae/,

E?eai??cueea a?aeae?eaiiy ii?nueei? aaieia?? ? inaaei/iiai
?oaeiooai?aiiy IAI Oe?a?ie, canooiiee ia/aeueieea a?aeae?eo

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa – ?inoeooo aaioaoi?/ii? iaoai?ee (?AOI) IAI Oe?a?ie

i. Aei?i?iiao?ianuee

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny « 25 » /a?aiy 1999 ?. i 10 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae.09.052.02 a E?eai??cueeiio oaoi?/iiio
oi?aa?neoao? ca aae?anith: 342002,

i. E?eaee ??a, aoe. Iooe?ia, 37.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? E?eai??cueeiai
oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo

(342002, i. E?eaee ??a, aoe. Iooe?ia, 37).

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “22” o?aaiy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii?

a/aii? ?aaee, i?ioani?
_______________________________ Oaonoia A.O.

Caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe

Aeooaeuei?noue ?iaioe. Oeaiaioia i?iieneia?noue iaeaaeeoue aei iecee
aaeocae, iaaacia/ieo ca ieeiaei /eiieeii. Ia oeaiaioieo caaiaeao
Ei?aeai??, caaaeyee cai?iaaaeaeaiith aenieiaoaeoeaieo ieeiaeiaethth/eo
eiiieaen?a, ye? iathoue aeaeo?io?eueo?e, ?oeaai? o?eueo?e, oeeeeiie oa
?i., a 1989 ?ioe? eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo ia ?iai/eo i?noeyo ia ia?aaeuoaaee
?aaeaiaioiaaieo ??ai?a.

A inoaii? ?iee /a?ac ca?eueoaiiy iiieoo ia oeaiaio ye a Ei?aeai??, oae ?
a non?aei?o e?a?iao Aeecueeiai Noiaeo, aoee i?iaaaeai? caoiaee, uiaei
?ioaineo?eaoe?? ae?iaie/eo i?ioean?a ia Aeue–Ooeaenueeiio oa
Aeue–?aoaae?enueeiio oeaiaioieo caaiaeao. Aiane?aeie oeueiai ??cei
ca?eueoeeinue ae?iaieoeoai oeaiaioo ii??aiyii c 1989 ?ieii. O 1997 ?ioe?
a Ei?aeai?? ae?iaeyeiny aaea aeecueei 4 iei. o oeaiaioo.

A oiiaao iaeaea o?e?aciaiai ca?eueoaiiy ianya?a oeaiaioo, ui ae?iaeyany,
i?e?iaeii, ca?eueoeany ??aaiue ieeiaeae?eaiiy a ?iai/? ciie caaiae?a. ?,
yeui a oeaoao oa ia ae?eueieoeyo, ye? iaee i?aai?ciaai? aeaea?aea
aeeeae?a ieeo, caieeai?noue oi/ ? i?aeaeueeanue, aea ia ia?aaeueea AAeE,
oi o ae?iaie/eo i?ae?icae?eao c iai?aai?ciaaieie aeaea?aeaie aeeeae?a,
aea caniae ciaieethaaiiy a?aenooi? (oeao aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? oa
ae?eueieoey o?ainii?ooaaiiy ne?iaeie), eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo ia?aaeueee
AAeE o 5 ?ac?a ? a?eueoa.

Aeooaeuei?noue ?iaioe a oiiaao, ui neeaeeny, iaoiiaeaia iaiao?aei?noth
aaeineiiaeaiiy ?nioth/eo ? noai?aiiy iiaeo aeniei aoaeoeaieo cania?a
ieeiiiaeaaeaiiy, aeicaieyth/eo ciaioeoe eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo aei ??aiy,
yeee aeeeth/a? iiaeeea?noue aeieeiaiiy iiaaiieii?ciiaaacia/ieo neooaoe?e
o i?ae?icae?eao oeaiaioieo caaiae?a c iai?aai?ciaaieie aeaea?aeaie
aeeeae?a a oiiaao ?ioaineo?eaoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa.

Iaoa ?iaioe iieyaa? o noai?aii? ii?iaeueieo nai?oa?ii–a?a??i?/ieo oiia
i?aoe? ia ?iai/eo i?noeyo ae?iaie/eo i?ae?icae?e?a oeaiaioieo caaiae?a
Ei?aeai?? c iai?aai?ciaaieie aeaea?aeaie ieeiaeaeaeaiiy.

?aeay ?iaioe iieyaa? o a?aeniieooaaii? ? in?aeaii? ae??aiiaeenia?niiai
ieeo aeo?iaeie ieeiaeiaethaa/aie o i?noeyo eiai ooai?aiiy.

Iaoeia? iieiaeaiiy, ui aeiinyoueny ia caoeno:

1. Anoaiiaeai? caeaaeiino? eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo a?ae oaeaeeino? a?o?o ia
??ci?e a?aenoai? a?ae ea?’??o, a aeey oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe??
anoaiiaeaii caeaaei?noue cieaeaiiy eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo a iia?o??
a?aeiinii a?aenoai? a?ae aeaea?aea ieeiooai?aiiy.

2. Aecia/ai? caeiiii??iino? oi?ioaaiiy ieeiaiai noaio e
?iciianthaeaeaiiy ieeiaeo iioie?a a oiiaao aiaaoiina?aaeeiaiai
ieeiooai?aiiy a oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe??.

3. Aoaeoeai?noue ieeiaeiaethaaiiy aei 91,2–95,7% a oeaoo aioiai?
i?iaeoeoe?? a i?noeyo neeaeoaaiiy i?oe?a oeaiaioo c eiiaae??a
aeinyaa?oueny oeyoii aniieooaaiiy ieeiaiai oaeaeo (c oeeee?/i?noth
aeeeaeo 6 n) ieeiaeiaethth/ei aia?aoii c iiaea/ath ieeiiia?o?yiiai
iioieo o aeo?iaee ieeiaeiaethaa/, a yeiio aoi?eiiee aac iiaea?oueny
/a?ac niiea i?ae eooii 25–270, a eiiaoee caaeo?thaa/a anoaiiaeai? i?ae
eooii 450 i?e ni?aa?aeiioaii? ?icoiaeo aoi?eiiiai aaco aei ia?aeiiiai
??aiiio 0,6.

Aeinoia??i?noue iaoeiaeo iieiaeaiue ? aeniiae?a, iaaaaeaieo o
aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny: aeei?enoaiiyi ai?iaiaaieo
iaoiae?a aiae?oe/ieo, eaai?aoi?ieo ? i?iieneiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue,
iaa?oioiaaiei ? aeineoue aaeeeei ianyaii i?iieneiaeo ? eaai?aoi?ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue, ei?aeoi?noth iinoaiiaee caaea/ aeine?aeaeaiiy,
iiaiaeaeai?noth ? caaeia?eueiith ca?aei?noth ?acoeueoao?a aiae?oe/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue caeeoeiaeo eiioeaio?aoe?e ieeo e aoaeoeaiino?
ieeii?eai?/aiiy, iiceoeaieie iane?aeeaie i?iieneiai? ia?aa??ee
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?ic?iaeaieo cania?a ciaieethaaiiy.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?iaioe:

Anoaiiaeai? ooieoe?iiaeuei? caeaaeiino? aoaeoeaiino? ieeii?eai?/aiiy
ae??aiiaeenia?nieo /anoeiie oeaiaioiiai ieeo aeo?iaeie ieeiaeiaethaa/aie
a?ae eooa onoaiiaeaiiy niiae aoi?eiiiai aaco e eiiaoie caaeo?thaa/a,
a?aeiioaiiy aeo?aoe aoi?eiiiai aaco aei ia?aeiiiai, a oaeiae i?noea
?ici?uaiiy ao?aeiiai iao?oaea a?aeiinii ina?aaeea ieeiooai?aiiy.

?ice?eo? iniaeeaino? ea?oaaiiy caeeoeiaith caieeai?noth iia?o?y a oiiaao
aaaaoiina?aaeeiaiai ieeiaeae?eaiiy ae??aiiaeenia?niiai ieeo a oeaoo
aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? ca aeiiiiiaith aeo?iaeo ieeiaeiaethaa/?a.

Anoaiiaeai? caeaaeiino? iiaaiieii?ciiaaacia/iino? ?iai/eo i?noeue
ae?eueieoe? o?ainii?ooaaiiy ne?iaeie a?ae oaeaeeino? a?o?o.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?iaioe iieyaa? a iaa?oiooaaii? niiniao aeai?o
iioeiaeueiiai i?noey ciaoiaeaeaiiy ianeoaiaoth/iai ia?niiaeo ae?eueieoe?
o?ainii?ooaaiiy ne?iaeie ca ieeiaei /eiieeii i?e iani?eyoeeaeo
iaoai?ieia?/ieo oiiaao; ?ic?iaoe? niiniao ii?iae?caoe??
nai?oa?ii–a?a??i?/ieo oiia i?aoe? ca aeiiiiiaith oaeineiiaeaieo aeo?iaeo
ieeiaeiaethaa/?a i?e i?aeaeuaiiio caaaioaaeaii? eiiaae??ieo e?i?e o
oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe??; ?ic?iaoe? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei
?aoe?iiaeueiiai ?ici?uaiiy aeo?iaeo ieeiaeiaethaa/?a a oiiaao
aaaaoiina?aaeeiaiai ieeiooai?aiiy.

?aae?caoe?y oa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iane?aee?a ?iaioe. Iane?aeee
aeena?oaoe?eieo aeine?aeaeaiue ? io?eiai? ?ic?iaee ai?iaaaeaeai? ia
ae?eueieoe? o?ainii?ooaaiiy ne?iaeie, aoiea?iiio aiaa?? e oeaoo aioiai?
i?iaeoeoe?? Aeue–Ooeaenueeiai oeaiaioiiai caaiaeo Ei?aeai??, aea
eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo ciaioai? aei aacia/iiai ??aiy. ?ic?aoiaaiee
aeiiii?/iee aoaeo, io?eiaiee ca ?aooiie ciaioaiiy caieeaiino? iia?o?y e
iiaoi?iiai aeei?enoaiiy aeiaeaiiai oeaiaioiiai ieeo, noaiiaeoue 13150
aeiea??a NOA ia ??e.

Iniaeeaee aeeaae caeiaoaa/a.

I?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue, aiae?c oa ia?iaea ?o ?acoeueoao?a uiaei
aecia/aiiy iioeiaeueieo ia?aiao??a ? eiino?oeoeaieo aeaiaio?a aeo?iaeo
ieeiaeiaethaa/?a.

Iaa?oioiaai? eooe onoaiiaeaiiy niiae eaia? aoi?eiiiai aaco e
caaeo?thaa/?a.

?ic?iaea /aniaiai ?aaeaiaioo aeoiaeo ?ia?oiee?a aei ina?aaee?a
ieeiooai?aiiy a aoiea?iiio aiaa?? i?ney i?eieiaiiy ?icaaioaaeoaaiiy
ne?iaeie.

Onoaiiaeai? iiaaiieii?ciiaaacia/i? ieiu? ?iai/eo cii ae?eueieoe?
o?ainii?ooaaiiy ne?iaeie i?e ??cieo oaeaeeinoyo ? iai?yiao a?o?o.

?ic?iaea eiino?oeoe?e aoiea?a aeey aeiaethaaiiy oeaiaioiiai ieeo, yeee
iiaoi?ii aeei?enoiao?oueny o ae?iaieoeoa?.

Onoaiiaeaia caeaaei?noue ciaioaiiy caieeaiino? iia?o?y i?ae ina?aaeeaie
ieeiaeae?eaiiy ? e?euee?noth oeaiaioiiai ieeo, yeee aeiaaea? c
iia?o?yiiai iioieo.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe
aeiiia?aeaeenue ? iaaiai?thaaeenue ia iaoeiai–oaoi?/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo
Aeiiaanueeiai a??ie/i–iaoaeo?a?eiiai ?inoeoooo (i. Ae/aanuee, 1997–1999
?iee), a oaeiae ia oaoi?/i?e ?aae? Aeue–Ooeaenueeiai oeaiaioiiai caaiaeo
(1998 ?.).

Ioae?eaoe??. Ca oaiith aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 4 iaoeiaeo i?aoe?.

No?oeoo?a oa ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, 4
?icae?e?a ? aeniiaeo, aeeeaaeaieo ia 144 noi??ieao iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo,
aeeth/ath/e 14 ?enoie?a, 17 oaaeeoeue, nienie e?oa?aoo?e ?c 75
iaeiaioaaiue ? aeiaeaoea ia 10 noi??ieao.

Iniiaiee ci?no ?iaioe

?icae?e 1. Aiae?c noaio caieeaiino? iia?o?y i?e ae?iaieoeoa? oeaiaioo a
Ei?aeai??.

Iniiaieie aeaea?aeaie ieeiooai?aiiy oeaiaioieo caaiae?a Ei?aeai?? ?
eiiaae??i? e?i??, ii yeeo o?ainii?oo?oueny ne?iaeia e aioiaa
i?iaeoeoe?y, i?noey ?o ia?aneiaiiy, iaaaioaaeaiiy e ?icaaioaaeaiiy,
ae?iaeeuei? onoaiiaee, ia/? aeiaethaaiiy ee?iea?o, eoeueia? ieeie aeey
iiiaeo oa ?i.

Eiiaae??i? e?i?? aeey o?ainii?ooaaiiy neiei? ne?iaeie (aaiiyeo)
c’?aeiothoue aeaeiaoai? ea?’??e c oeaiaioieie caaiaeaie. Iniiaieie
/eiieeaie, ye? aecia/athoue caieeai?noue iia?o?y a ?iai/eo ciiao
ae?eueieoe? ? oaeaee?noue a?o?o e a?aeaeaeai?noue o?ainii?oiaaii?
ne?iaeie a?ae ea?’??o.

I?i?iaeueia ieeiaeae?eaiiy i?e oeueiio noaiiaeoue 7–10 a/o, a
iaeneiaeueia – 50–52 a/o.

O aoiea?iiio aiaa?? i?e ?icaaioaaeoaaii? ne?iaeie c aaoinaiineeae?a
caieeai?noue iia?o?y ia?aaeuo? AAeE a 50 ?ac?a ? a?eueoa, i?e
iaaeoiaeaeaii? neiei? ne?iaeie aei aoiea?a ?c no??/eiaeo eiiaae???a
eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo aeinyaathoue cia/aiue 270–450 ia/i3 ? i?e noeoiiiio
?icaaioaaeaii? ne?iaeie – 1500 ia/i3 ? a?eueoa, ui cia/ii ia?aaeuo?
AAeE.

Iaea?eueo nooo?aeie aeaea?aeaie ieeiaeae?eaiiy oeaiaioieo caaiae?a ?
ia/? aeey aeiaethaaiiy ee?iea?o. I?e nooiio niinia? ae?iaieoeoaa,
canoiniaaiiio a Ei?aeai??, e?euee?noue nooeo caieeaieo aac?a, ye?
aeiinyoueny c ia/ae, ia 25–40% iaioa, i?ae i?e iie?iio niinia?. I?e
oeueiio iana ae??aiiaeenia?niiai ieeo, ui aeae?ey?oueny, noaiiaeoue
50–120 ea ia 1 o ee?iea?o.

Nooeeuei? aa?aaaie ne?iaeie e aeiaaaie aeae?eythoue iee, yeee
a?ae??ciy?oueny i?aeaeuaiei aieiaiai?noii (oaiia?aoo?a oi/ee ?ine
400–600N) ? oe?ieei ae?aiaciiii eieeaaiue eiioeaio?aoe?? aa?icieth
(15–70 a/i3).

Eieinieeia? oieiaeeaeueieee ee?iea?o aeeeaeathoue ia 1 o ee?iea?o
1,1–1,8 o nooi? aaci–iia?o?yii? noi?o?, yea i?noeoue 7–10 ea ieeiaeaeieo
ee?iea?ieo /anoeiie, ui a?ae??ciythoueny aenieei ai?noii
a?oaiaeenia?nieo o?aeoe?e (80% /anoeiie ?ici??ii iiiaae 5 iei).

sseui ii??aiyoe aeaea?aea ieeiooai?aiiy oeaiaioieo caaiae?a Ei?aeai??,
oi ne?ae a?aecia/eoe, ui iiiaae 80% ieeo, ui aeeeaea?oueny,
aeae?ey?oueny ia/aie aeiaethaaiiy, ui iaa?oathoueny.

Ia i?aenoaa? oeueiai iiaeia c?iaeoe aeniiaie, ui ui i?aeoe/ii an?
i?ae?icae?ee oeaiaioieo caaiae?a Ei?aeai?? iathoue ?ioaineai?noue
ieeiaeaeaeaiiy, i?e ye?e ??aaiue caieeaiino? iia?o?y ia?aaeuo? AAeE, ?
aeeiiaiiy oaoi?/ieo iia?aoe?e ? i?ioean?a iiaeeeaa eeoa i?e iayaiino?
aenieiaoaeoeaieo cania?a ieeii?eai?/aiiy.

Aeey ai?ioueae c ieeii ia oeaiaioieo caaiaeao Ei?aeai?? canoiniaothoueny
ianooii? caoiaee: oe?eooy i?noeue c iiaeeeaei ?ioaineaiei
ieeiaeaeaeaiiyi, aa?iaoe/i? eaa?ie aeey ianeoaiaoth/iai ia?niiaeo a
i?noeyo c aenieeie eiioeaio?aoe?yie ieeo, ?oeaai? o?eueo?e,
aeaeo?io?eueo?e, oeeeeiie, aeoyaeia aaioeeyoe?y oa ?i. Oe? caoiaee
aeei?enoiaothoueny ye aaoiiiiii, oae ? eiiieaenii, ii?aeioth/enue iaeei
c iaeiei. O i?noeyo, aea ieeiaeae?eaiiy a ?iai/? ciie iacia/ia, ca
iaiao?aeiino? aeei?enoiaothoueny ?iaeea?aeoaeuei? caniae caoenoo i?aai?a
aeeoaiiy.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy caieeaiino? iia?o?y ia ?iai/eo i?noeyo ae?iaie/eo
i?ae?icae?e?a oeaiaioieo caaiae?a Ei?aeai?? aeicaieeei anoaiiaeoe, ui a
oiiaao canoinoaaiiy aeuaaeacaieo cania?a ciaieethaaiiy eiioeaio?aoe??
ieeo ia ia?aaeuothoue AAeE. Ia?aaeuaiiy ?aaeaiaioieo ??aiae caieeaiino?
niinoa??aa?oueny ia/anoi i?e ii?ooaii? i?aaee aenieoaoaoe??
ieeiaeiaethth/eo aa?aaao?a.

O ae?iaie/eo i?ae?icae?eao c iai?aai?ciaaieie aeaea?aeaie ieeiaeae?eaiiy
(ae?eueieoey o?ainii?ooaaiiy ne?iaeie e oeao aioiai? i?iaeoeoe??)
caoiaee uiaei ai?ioueae c ieeii a?aenooi?. I?e ianyaao ae?iaieoeoaa
oeaiaioo aei 1 iei. o ia ??e oea aei?aaaeiao? naaa, oiio ui
eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo ia ?iai/eo i?noeyo eeoa ?iiae? iacia/ii
ia?aaeuothoue AAeE ? iiaaiieii?ciiaaaciaea a oeeo aeiaaeeao eaaei
onoaa?oueny ca aeiiiiiaith ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo cania?a caoenoo i?aai?a
aeeoaiiy. Iaeiae a oiiaao ?ioaineo?eaoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa ia oeaiaioieo
caaiaeao oe? caoiaee ia aeicaieythoue caaacia/eoe ii?iaeuei?
nai?oa?ii–a?a??i?/i? oiiae i?aoe? ca ieeiaei /eiieeii.

?icae?e 2. Aeine?aeaeaiiy oiia i?aoe? ca ieeiaei /eiieeii o oeaoao
Aeue–Ooeaenueeiai oeaiaioiiai caaiaeo.

Aeue–Ooeaenueeee oeaiaioiee caaiae ? iaea?eueoei a Ei?aeai??,
aeioneath/e aeecueei 60% onueiai ianyao oeaiaioo, ui ae?iaey?oueny a
e?a?i?. A?i iniauaiee no/aniei yiiinueeei, i?iaoeueeei, ?oae?enueeei
iaeaaeiaiiyi. Ca inoaii? ?iee /a?ac iiieo ia oeaiaio, ui ca?eueoeany,
ae?iaie/? i?ioeane aoee ?ioaineo?eiaai?, a ?acoeueoao? /iai ianyae
ae?iaethaaiiai oeaiaioo ca?eueoeeenue ii??aiyii c 1989 ?ieii iaeaea a 3
?ace e aeinyaee a 1997 ?ioe? 2,25 iei. o ia ??e. O oeeo oiiaao ??cei
ci?ieeenue ? nai?oa?ii–a?a??i?/i? oiiae i?aoe? ca ieeiaei /eiieeii ia
?iai/eo i?noeyo i?ae?icae?e?a caaiaeo. Oiio aeine?aeaeaiiy caieeaiino?
iia?o?y a ?iai/eo ciiao yaey? iaaiee i?aeoe/iee ? nioe?aeueiee ?ioa?an.

Aeey i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue caieeaiino? iia?o?y aoee i?iaiae?ciaai?
?nioth/? niiniae aei??thaaiiy eiioeaio?aoe?e ieeo ia ?ia?oie/eo i?noeyo.
O ?acoeueoao? oeueiai aoei anoaiiaeaii, ui a?aeiia?aeii aei oiia ia
oeaiaioieo caaiaeao Ei?aeai?? iaea?eueo i?eeiyoeeaei ? aaaiaee niin?a.
A?i a?ae??ciyaoueny aenieith oi/i?noth aei??thaaiiy e aeeeth/a? aieea
o?i?/ii? oa ae?nia?nii? niieoe ieeo ia ?acoeueoao, ui aecia/a?oueny.

I?e oeueiio i?iaia?aea?? aeioe?eueii ?iaeoe ia o?eueo?e AOA c
a?ae?ioiaiiai iie?ia?iiai iaoa??aeo OII–15 c ieiuath o?eueo?aoe?? 10
SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 12 * 10–4 i2 ? 18 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 12
* 10–4 i2, ui aeicaiey? ii?yae c aecia/aiiyi caaaeueii? eiioeaio?aoe??
ieeo anoaiiaethaaoe e eiioeaio?aoe?th ieeiaeo /anoeiie aoaeue–yeiai
o?aeoe?eiiai ae?aiaciio.

Aeey nei?i/aiiy /ano iaeeie/iiai i?iaia?aeai?o, ui aeoaea aaaeeeai i?e
aaeeeeo ianyaao aeine?aeaeaiue, aaoi?ii cai?iiiiiaaia iaoiaeeea
aei??thaaiiy eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo c ?cieyoe??th o?eueo?a a aeiiae?. C
oe??th iaoith cai?iiiiiaai? oi?ioee aeey aecia/aiiy i?i?iaeueii
iiaeeeai? o?eaaeino? a?aeai?o ieeiai? i?iae.

Aeey o?eueo?a AOA–AI–20

t=300 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 12 * (Cn)–1, (1)

aeey o?eueo?a AOA–AI–10

t=150 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 12 * (Cn)–1, (2)

aea Cn – eiioeaio?aoe?y ieeo, aei??yia aeni?an–ieeii??aie aei ii/aoeo
aeine?aeaeaiue, ia/i3.

Ine?eueee a Ei?aeai?? anoaiiaeaii iiaea?eiee ?aaeaiaio caieeaiino?
iia?o?y ia ?iai/eo i?noeyo oeaiaioieo caaiae?a, a naia 10 ia/i3 aeey
caaaeueii? eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo ? 5 ia/i3 aeey eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo c
?ici??aie /anoeiie iaioa 10 iei, oi ii?yae c aei??thaaiiyi caaaeueii?
caieeaiino? iia?o?y aeeiioaaeenue aeine?aeaeaiiy aeenia?niiai neeaaeo
i?iieneiaiai ieeo. Aeey oe??? iaoe aeei?enoiaoaaany aa?iiao?e/iee
naaeeiaioaoi?, a?aei?oiith iniaeea?noth yeiai ? ii??aiyii iaaaeeea
o?eaae?noue aeenia?niiai aiae?co, yea a 6–20 ?ac?a iaioa ii??aiyii c
?ioeie iaoiaeaie. E??i oiai, oeae niin?a aeicaiey? canoiniaoaaoe aeey
aeenia?niiai aiae?co o?eueo?e, ui ?ai?oa aeei?enoiaoaaeenue aeey
aecia/aiiy caaaeueii? caieeaiino? iia?o?y. Oea aea? iiaeeea?noue
ia?aeaeueii a eiaei?e oi/oe? i?iaia?aeai?o i?e iaiao?aeiino?
onoaiiaethaaoe ye caaaeueio eiioeaio?aoe?th ieeo, oae ? eiioeaio?aoe?th
ae??aiiaeenia?nieo ?? o?aeoe?e (iaioa 10 iei) ?ic?aoiaaio c ae?aco

NOI=0,01 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 12 * N SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 12
* nOI, (3)

aea N -caaaeueia caieeai?noue iia?o?y, ia/i3; nOI – ai?no
ae??aiiaeenia?nieo /anoeiie ieeo a iia?o??,%.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy caieeaiino? iia?o?y ia ae?eueieoe? o?ainii?ooaaiiy
aeeiioaaeenue ia ?iai/eo i?noeyo ii an?e aeiaaeei? no??/eiaiai eiiaae??a
a iaaeao oa?eoi??? caaiaeo (150 i). O ?acoeueoao? oeueiai aoei
anoaiiaeaii, ui caaaeueia caieeai?noue iia?o?y caeaaeii a?ae oaeaeeino?
a?o?o ci?ith?oueny a oe?ieeo iaaeao (1–70 ia/i3). I?e oeueiio i?e
oaeaeeino? a?o?o 4 i/n ? a?eueoa ia?aaeuaiiy AAeE aeinyaa? 7.

Aeey aeai?o iioeiaeueieo nai?oa?ii–a?a??i?/ieo oiia i?aoe? ca ieeiaei
/eiieeii o ?iai/eo ciiao ae?eyioe? o?ainii?ooaaiiy ne?iaeie i?e ??cieo
iai?yiao ? oaeaeeinoyo a?o?o ia i?aenoaa? ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue
aoee iaea?aeai? caeaaeiino? eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo a?ae oaeaeeino? a?o?o
(?en. 1–3), ye? aeicaieythoue aeeo/eoe iiaaiieii?ciiaaacia/i?noue
?iai/eo i?noeue.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy caieeaiino? iia?o?y a aoiea?iiio aiaa?? iieacaee, ui i?e
?icaaioaaeaii? neiei? ne?iaeie aaoinaiineeaeaie ? eiiaae??aie
eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo ia?aaeuothoue AAeE a aeanyoee ?ac?a, a i?e noeoiiiio
?icaaioaaeaii? – a 100 ?ac?a.

I?e oaeiio ieeiaiio noai? a i?ei?uaii? aoiea?iiai aiaa?a ianeoaiaoth/ee
ia?niiae ciaoiaeeoueny a ?cieueiaaieo eaa?iao c i?e?iee?iaoii, oiio oae?
aenie? eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo ia yaeythoue aeey ieo iiaaiieii?ciiaaaciaee.
I?iaeaia aeieea? eeoa i?e aeoiae? ?ia?oiee?a c eaa?i? a i?noey eieeoi?o
ina?aaee?a caieeaiino? /a?ac a?aenooi?noue /?oei? /aniai? ?aaeaiaioaoe??
?o aeoiaeo c ?cieueiaaieo i?noeue. O ?acoeueoao? oeueiai aiie
iio?aieythoue i?e aeeiiaii? ??ciiai ?iaeo ?ia?o o i?noey, aea caeeoeiaa
caieeai?noue iia?o?y ia?aaeuo? AAeE a 1,1–1,3 ?aco, oi/ ? ia o?eaaeee
/an.

Aeey ae??oaiiy oe??? i?iaeaie ia i?aenoaa? io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a
aeine?aeaeaiue aoea anoaiiaeaia /?oea /aniaa ?aaeaiaioaoe?y aeoiaeo
?ia?oiee?a c ?cieueiaaieo eaa?i, yea noaiiaeoue i?e eiiaae??iiio
?icaaioaaeaii? ne?iaeie 5–7 oa.; i?e ?icaaioaaeaii? ne?iaeie
aaoinaiineeaeaie – 7–10 oa. ? i?e noeoiiiio ?icaaioaaeaii? – 10–13 oa.

Aeeiiaiiy oeueiai ?aaeaiaioo aeicaiey? iiai?noth aeeo/eoe iiaeeea?noue
ia?aaoaaiiy ?ia?oiee?a o iiaaiieii?ciiaaacia/i?e aoiinoa?? aoiea?iiai
aiaa?o ye i?e ?icaaioaaeaii? ne?iaeie, oae ? i?ney eiai i?eieiaiiy.

O oeaoo ae?iaeaiiy ne?iaeie eiioeaio?aoe?y ieeo ia ?iai/eo i?noeyo
noaiiaeoue 4–9 ia/i3, ui ieae/a AAeE. Iaeiae i?e iani?aaiino?
ieeiaeiaethth/eo eiiieaen?a eiioeaio?aoe?y ieeo i?aeaeuo?oueny aei
??aiy, ui ia?aaeuo? AAeE a 2,5–3,9 ?aco. Oae? neooaoe??
niinoa??aathoueny 2–3 ?ace ia ??e ? o?eaae?noue ?o noaiiaeoue 4–6
aiaeei, ??aeoa 8–12 aiaeei.

Aiaeia?/ia neooaoe?y niinoa??aa?oueny ? ia ae?eueieoe?
ee?iea?iaeiaethth/eo ia/ae, ui iaa?oathoueny, aea i?e iani?aaiino?
ie?aieo aoce?a ? iaoai?ci?a aeaeo?io?eueo?a ia ?iai/eo i?noeyo
a?aeaoaa?oueny i?aeaeuaiiy eiioeaio?aoe?e ieeo aei 15–36 ia/i3, ui aeua
AAeE a 1,5–3,6 ?aco. Oae? iiae?? ia ae?eueieoe? cae/aeii
a?aeaoaathoueny 2–3 ?ace ia ??e, i?e oeueiio noia?ia o?eaae?noue
iiaaiieii?ciiaaacia/ieo neooaoe?e ia ia?aaeuo? 32 aiaeei ia ??e.

O oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? aeine?aeaeaiiy caieeaiino? iia?o?y
aeeiioaaeenue a?ey i?noeue neeaeaiiy iaia?iaeo i?oe?a c oeaiaioii c
a?eueo aeniei? a?oee ?ieeeiaiai eiiaae??a ia a?eueo iecueeo. Anueiai a
oeaoo iaeaaeiaii 6 eiiaae??ieo ?ieeeiaeo e?i?e c o?ueiia ioieoaie
neeaeaiiy i?oe?a ia eiaei?e ec ieo ui aeicaiey? i?iaiaeeoe ia ieaei?e
ieiuaaeoe? aaciina?aaei? ?o caaaioaaeaiiy a eocia aaoio?ainii?oo.

O ?acoeueoao? i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue aoei anoaiiaeaii, ui a oiiaao
?ioaineo?eaoe?? o?ainii?ooaaiiy i?oe?a c oeaiaioii (?ioa?aae i?ae
neeaeaiiyi ciaioaiee aei 6 n.) caieeai?noue iia?o?y ia?aaeuo? AAeE ia
?iai/eo i?noeyo i?e ??cieo ?aaeeiao ?iaioe, oiaoi i?e o?ainii?ooaaii?
i?oe?a ii iaei?e, aeaio ? o.ae. eiiaae??ieo e?i?yo. Iaeneiaeuei?
eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo i?inoaaeothoueny i?e iaeii/ani?e ?iaio? an?o oanoe
eiiaae??ieo e?i?e. Oae, o cii? aeeoaiiy, a?aeaea-

?en.1 Caeaaei?noue eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo a?ae oaeaeeino? a?o?o ia

a?aenoai? 1 i a?ae no??/eiaiai eiiaae??o

?en.2 Caeaaei?noue eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo a?ae oaeaeeino? a?o?o ia

a?aenoai? 5 i a?ae no??/eiaiai eiiaae??o

?en.3 Caeaaei?noue eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo a?ae oaeaeeino? a?o?o ia

a?aenoai? 10 i a?ae no??/eiaiai eiiaae??o

1-300i a?ae ea?’??o; 2 – 350i a?ae ea?’??o; 3- 400i a?ae ea?’??o; 4 –
a?ey aiaa?o(442i).

eai?e ia 0,5 i a?ae eiiaae??a, caieeai?noue iia?o?y ia?aaeuo? AAeE a
1,9–4,8 ?aco, i?e a?aeaeaeaii? ia 0,75 i – a 2,2–4,9 ?aco ? i?e
a?aeaeaeai? a?ae eiiaae??a ia 1 i – o 2,3–4,9 ?aco.

O oeeo oiiaao canoinoaaiiy eeoa ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo cania?a caoenoo
i?aai?a aeeoaiiy ia iiaea e?ea?aeoaaoe iiaaiieii?ciiaaacia/iee noai ia
?iai/eo i?noeyo. Oiio ?aeeiei ?aaeeeaeueiei caniaii ii?iae?caoe??
nai?oa?ii–a?a??i?/ieo oiia i?aoe? ca ieeiaei /eiieeii o ?iai/eo ciiao
oeaoo ? ?ic?iaea ? canoinoaaiiy aenieiaoaeoeaieo oaoi?/ieo cania?a
ciaieeaiiy. I?e oeueiio aoaeoeai?noue ieeii?eai?/aiiy oeeo cania?a
iiaeiia aooe ia iaioa 80%.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy aeenia?niiai aiae?co i?iieneiaiai ieeo iniiaieo
i?ae?icae?e?a oeaiaioiiai caaiaeo iieacaee, ui ii ai?noo
ae??aiiaeenia?niiai ieeo ?o iiaeia iiae?eeoe ia o?e a?oie. Ia?oa a?oia –
oea iee, yeee aeae?ey?oueny ?c ne?iaeie, ui o?ainii?oo?oueny. O
caaaeuei?e ian? oaeiai ieeo ieoiia a?aa ae??aiiaeenia?nieo /anoeiie
(iaioa 10 iei) noaiiaeoue 28–35%. Ae?oaa a?oia – oea oeaiaioiee iee,
yeee iaaeoiaeeoue a aoiinoa?o ?iai/eo cii ?c ae?iaeeueieo onoaiiaie ?
aeiaethaaeueieo ia/ae. Ai?no ae??aiiaeenia?nieo o?aeoe?e o caaaeuei?e
ian? oaeiai ieeo eieeaa?oueny a iaaeao a?ae 43 aei 58%, i?e na?aaeiueiio
cia/aii? 52,5%. O?aoy a?oia – oea oeaiaioiee iee, yeee aeae?ey?oueny a
aoiinoa?o oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? i?e ia?aaaioaaeaii? (neeaeaii?
i?oe?a c oeaiaioii c ?ici?uaii? aeua a?oee ?ieeeiai? e?i?? ia ?ici?uaio
ieae/a). Ieoiia aaaa ae??aiiaeenia?niiai ieeo a oeueiio aeiaaeeo
noaiiaeoue 64–67% a?ae caaaeueii? iane caaeneiai a iia?o?? ieeo.

A?aeiinii aei oeueiai iaeneiaeueia ia?aaeuaiiy AAeE eiioeaio?aoe?yie
ae??aiiaeenia?niiai ieeo a oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? ia ?iai/eo i?noeyo
i?e iaeii/ani?e ?iaio? oanoe eiiaae??ieo e?i?e noaiiaeoue 6,1 i?ioe 4,9
i?e cai??thaaii? caaaeueii? caieeaiino? iia?o?y. Oiio iaea?eueo
?iia??iith ioe?ieith nai?oa?ii–a?a??i?/ieo oiia i?aoe? ca ieeiaei
/eiieeii o oeueiio oeaoo ? ii??aiyiiy AAeE c eiioeaio?aoe?yie
ae??aiiaeenia?niiai ieeo.

Oaeei /eiii aeey ii?iae?caoe?? nai?oa?ii–a?a??i?/ieo oiia i?aoe? ca
ieeiaei /eiieeii o oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? iaiao?aeia ?ic?iaea
oaoi?/ieo cania?a ciaieethaaiiy c aoaeoeai?noth ieeiaeiaethaaiiy oiieeo
o?aeoe?e ieeo ia ??ai? 90–95%.

?icae?e 3. Aeine?aeaeaiiy ieeiaeo iioie?a ? ?ic?iaea i?eno?ith aeey
oeiaethaaiiy ieeo a oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe??.

Aeey ?ic?iaee aoaeoeaieo cania?a ieeiaeiaethaaiiy a oeaoo aioiai?
i?iaeoeoe?? iaiao?aeia aea/aiiy ? aeine?aeaeaiiy caeiiii??iino?
?iciianthaeaeaiiy ieeiaeo iioie?a o ?iai/ee cii? i?ei?uaiue. Ieoaiiyi
aeeiai?ee aa?icieae i?enay/ai? i?aoe?: Ae??aa A.I.–A., Aoaianue?aa ?.?.,
Ao?/aeiaa A.N., E???ia A.O., Eiociaa I.A., Iineaeaiea A.I., Iooooae?iiaa
?.O., ssiianueeiai N.N. oa ?i. O oeeo i?aoeyo caeiie ?ooo ieeiaiai
aa?icieth a i?iieneiaeo i?ei?uaiiyo aiaeia?/i? caeiiai ?ooo aac?a.
A?aeiia?aeii aei oeueiai ci?ithaaiiy eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo ii aeiaaeei?
oeaoo iieno?oueny ae?acii

, (4)

aea N0 – eiioeaio?aoe?y ieeo a?ey aeaea?aea ieeiaeae?eaiiy, ia/i3; k –
eiao?oe??io inaaeaeaiiy, iieacoth/ee, yea /anoeia ieeiaeo /anoeiie, ui
aeinyaee no?i i?ei?uaiue oeaoo, inaaeaeothoueny; R – a?ae?aae?/iee
?aae?on, i; Vs – oaeaee?noue inaaeaeaiiy ieeiaeo /anoeiie, i/n; V –
oaeaee?noue ?ooo na?aaeiaeua, i/n.

Ia i?aenoaa? ?ic?aooie?a, aeeiiaieo c oeei ae?acii E???iei A.O. aoea
iaea?aeaia caeaaei?noue a?aeiinii cieaeaiiy eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo ii
aeiaaeei? oeaoo i?e oaeaeeino? ieeiiia?o?yiiai iioieo 1 i/n, yea iiaeaia
ia ?en. 4. Aiaeia?/ia caeaaei?noue aoea anoaiiaeaia e Ao?/aeiaei A.N.
(?en. 5, e?eaa 1). Aiae?c oeeo caeaaeiinoae iieaco?, ui aiie iathoue
nooo?a? a?aei?iiino?, coiiaeai? aeaeii ieeo ? eiai aeenia?ni?noth. Oae
ia ?en. 4 cieaeaiiy eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo ia 50% a?aeaoaa?oueny ia
a?aeaeae? 20 i a?ae aeaea?aea ieeiooai?aiiy, a ia ?en 5 (e?eaa 1)
aiaeia?/ia cieaeaiiy eiioeaio?aoe?? niinoa??aa?oueny ia a?aeaeae? 1 i.

O?aoiaoth/e cia/i? ?ica?aeiino? a iaaaaeaieo aeaieo, aaoi?ii i?iaaaeai?
aeine?aeaeaiiy caieeaiino? iia?o?y ii aeiaaeei? oeaoo aioiai?
i?iaeoeoe??, ia i?aenoaa? yeeo aoea iaea?aeaia caeaaei?noue a?aeiiniiai
iaae?iiy eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo a?ae a?aeaeae? aei aeaea?aea ieeiaeae?eaiiy
(?en. 5, e?eaa 2). A oiiaao aaaaoiina?aaeeiaiai ieeiaeae?eaiiy oey
caeaaei?noue oe?eeii i?aaeeueia ia ae?eyioe? oeaoo i?ae ia?oeie ?
ae?oaeie ioieoaie neeaeaiiy i?oe?a c oeaiaioii ia an?o oanoe eiiaae??ieo
e?i?yo. Ia ae?eueieoeyo i?ae ae?oaeie ? o?ao?ie ioieoaie neeaeaiiy
i?oe?a ? o?ao?ie ioieoaie e aeoiaeaie c oeaoo a?aeiinia ciaioaiiy
eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo ia a?aenoai? 2–2,5 i a?ae aeaea?aea ieeiaeae?eaiiy
aoaea iaioei 50% /a?ac iee, ui iaaeoiaeeoue a?ae iiia?aaei?o aeaea?ae.

Oaeei /eiii, i?ioean ?iciianthaeaeaiiy oeaiaioiiai ieeo, yeee
aeae?ey?oueny i?e neeaeaii? i?oe?a, a?aeaoaa?oueny oaeei /eiii. Iae?aco
ae i?ney neeaeaiiy i?oea c oeaiaioii ia eiaeiiio c 18 ioieo?a iaae
eiiaae??ii ia aenioo 0,2–0,25 i i?aei?ia?oueny oaeae ieeo. I?e oeueiio
ieeia? /anoeiee ?ici?uai? aeoaea aeecueei iaeia aei iaeii?, a
?acoeueoao? /iai a?aeaoaa?oueny eiaaoeyoe?y aeayei? ?o /anoeie. Cia/i?
o?aeoe?? ieeo e aa?aaaoe, ui ooai?eeeny a i?ioean? eiaaoeyoe??,
aeiaaeathoue ia i?aeeiao oa ?ieeee eiiaae??a e i?ineiathoueny aiec. Oeae
aoai a?aeaoaa?oueny a cii? a?ae ina?aaeeo ieeiooai?aiiy aei i?noey
a?aeaeaeaiiy a?ae iueiai ia 2–2,5 i, i?ney /iai ae??ai? o?aeoe?? ieeo,
ui caeeoeeeny, ?iciianthaeaeothoueny a ??cieo iai?yieao ii oiaeo ?ooo
iia?o?yiiai iioieo, cia/ii ?icoe?thth/e ianyae caieeaiiy aoiinoa?e oeaoo
aioiai? i?iaeoeoe??. Aiae?c iaea?aeaii? caeaaeiino? iieaco?, ui c
iiceoe?? oaoi?/iiai ?aoe?iiae?cio iaea?eueo aea?aeii aeeiioaaoe
a?aeniieooaaiiy caieeaiiai iia?o?y ia a?aenoai? 2–2,5 i a?ae ina?aaeeo
ieeiooai?aiiy, aea eiioeaio?aoe?y ieeo ieae/a a 2 ?ace i?ioe ii/aoeiai?.
Iaeiae c aeiiii?/ii? oi/ee ci?o oea iaaea?aeii, oiio ui i?e oeueiio
ao?a/a?oueny cia/ia /anoeia oeaiaioo, yea iiaea aooe iiaoi?ii
aeei?enoaia o ae?iaieoeoa?.

*a?ac oea iaaiee ?ioa?an yaeythoue aeine?aeaeaiiy e?euee?nieo ia?aiao??a
ieeo, yeee aeae?ey?oueny i?e neeaeaii? i?oe?a c oeaiaioii. C oe??th
iaoith aoee i?iaaaeai? aenia?eiaioe, nooue yeeo iieyaaea a ?cieyoe??
ooai?aii? ieeiai? oia?e c ianooiiei a?aeniieooaaiiyi. O ?acoeueoao?
oeueiai aoei onoaiiaeaii, ui i?ioyaii iaei??? aiaeeie i?e ?iaio? oanoe
eiiaae??ieo e?i?e aiane?aeie neeaeaiiy i?oe?a aeae?ey?oueny aeecueei 164
ea oeaiaioiiai ieeo.

A?aeiia?aeii aei anoaiiaeaieo caeaaeiinoae ?iciianthaeaeaiiy aaciieeiaeo
iioie?a ? aeenia?niino? caaeneiai ieeo, ??aiai iaeneiaeueii?
eiioeaio?aoe?? oa e?euee?nieo iieaciee?a ieeo, ui aeae?ey?oueny a oeaoo
aioiai? i?iaeoeoe??, a oaeiae c o?aooaaiiyi ?nioth/eo oaoiieia?/ieo
i?inoi?iaeo oiia ? iinoaaeaii? iaoe iniiai? aeiiae aei ?ic?iaee
aenieiaoaeoeaieo ieeii/enieo aia?ao?a caiaeyoueny aei ianooiiiai:

?en.4 A?aeiinia iaae?iiy eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo ii aeiaaeei? oeaoo (E???i
A.I.)

?en.5 A?aeiinia iaae?iiy eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo ii aeiaaeei? oeaoo

1. caeaaei?noue Ao?/aeiaa A.N.; 2. oeao aioiai? i?iaeoeoe??

?en. 6. Aeo?iaee ieeiaeiaethaa/

1- eaia?a; 2 – aeo?aeiee iao?oaie; 3 – niiei; 4- eiiaoi/iee caaeo?thaa/;
5- ao?aeiee iao?oaie; 6- i?aeii?ia oaeaa; 7- ieeiaee aoiea?.

Iiaeeea?noue aeinyaiaiiy aeniei? aoaeoeaiino? (a?eueoa 90%) oeiaethaaiiy
ae??aiiaeenia?niiai ieeo (iaioa 10 iei) i?e a?aeiinii iaaenieeo
ii/aoeiaeo eiioeaio?aoe?yo (iaioa 100 ia/i3).

Iaaaeee? aaaa?eoi? ?ici??e ieeiaeiaethth/eo aia?ao?a, (ieiua, yeo caeia?
iaeei aia?ao, ia iiaeiia ia?aaeuoaaoe 1 i2).

Iiaeeea?noue ?ici?uaiiy ieeiaeiaethth/iai iaeaaeiaiiy a aaciina?aaei?e
aeeceino? a?ae ieeiaiai oaeaea (ia a?eueoa 0,5 i).

Aeeeth/aiiy iiaeeeaino? iiiaaeaiiy o aeiaethaaiee oeaiaioiee iee
noi?iii?o ?a/iaei (aieieii a?ae o?eueo?oaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a, aiaee,
ianae oa ?i.)

A?aeiinii iaaeniea aa?o?noue aeaioiaeaiiy ieeiaeiaethaath/iai
iaeaaeiaiiy, a oaeiae eiai iiioaaeo oa aenieoaoaoe??.

Aiae?c canoiniaoaaieo ia oeaiaioieo caaiaeao Ei?aeai?? cania?a
ciaieethaaiiy: aeaeo?io?eueo?e, oeeeeiie, ieeia? eaia?e, ?oeaai?
o?eueo?e, iie?? ieeiaeiaethaa/? – iieacaa, ui aiie ia iiaeooue aooe
canoiniaai? a oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe??.

Ca inoaii? ?iee a i?aeoeoe? ciaieethaaiiy noaee canoiniaoaaoeny aeo?ia?
ieeiaeiaethaa/?, iniiaiith a?aei?ii?noth yeeo ? iayai?noue aeiiii?aeiiai
cae?o/oth/iai aaciaiai iioieo. I?eioeeiiaa noaia ?iaioe aeo?iaiai
ieeiaeiaethaa/a iiaeaia ia ?en. 6. O aeo?iaiio aia?ao? caieeaiee
iia?o?yiee iio?e cae?o/o?oueny eiiaoiei caa?o?thaa/ai ? ?ooa?oueny
aai?o, caciath/e i?e oeueiio aeiaeaoeiaiai aieeao aeo?eath/eo ?c
oaiaaioe?aeueii ?ici?uaieo niiae no?oiai?a aoi?eiiiai aaco (iia?o?y),
yeee o oiae? ni??aeueiiai iao?eaiiy iioieo i/euoaaiiai iia?o?y iiai?noth
i?iieea? a iueiai, i?aeaeuoth/e aoaeoeai?noue oeiaethaaiiy ieeo.

Aeina?ae canoinoaaiiy aeo?iaeo ieeiaeiaethaa/?a o oeaoao ii ae?iaieoeoao
aeaoa?aaio?a ? a?iioei?eaeo eaeueoe?th iieacaa aenieo aoaeoeai?noue ?o
ieeiaeiaethaaiiy ii a?aeiioaiith aei oiieeo o?aeoe?e ieeo, yea aeinyaaea
90% ? a?eueoa.

Aiae?c iniiaieo eiino?oeoeaieo ia?aiao??a ? iniaeeainoae ?iaioe aeo?iaeo
ieeiaeiaethaa/?a iieacaa, ui aiie a?aeiia?aeathoue on?i aeiiaai
noiniaii aei oiia oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe??. Iaeiae aeine?aeaeaiiy
aoaeoeaiino? ieeii?eai?/aiiy i?e ?iaio? oaeeo aeo?iaeo ieeiaeiaethaa/?a
o oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? aeicaieeee onoaiiaeoe, ui noiniaii aei
oeaiaioiiai ieeo ?o aoaeoeai?noue ieeii?eai?/aiiy noaiiaeoue 79–83%. I?e
oae?e aoaeoeaiino? caeeoeiaa caieeai?noue iia?o?y ia ?iai/eo i?noeyo
ia?aaeuo? AAeE i?e iaeii/ani?e ?iaio? 4–6 eiiaae??ieo e?i?e a 1,2–1,9
?aco, ui ia caaacia/o? ii?iaeueieo oiia i?aoe? ca ieeiaei /eiieeii.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iieneiaiai aeina?aeo aeei?enoaiiy aeo?iaeo
ieeiaeiaethaa/?a a ?ioeo aaeocyo i?iieneiaino? iieacothoue, ui iniiaieie
ia?aiao?aie, ye? aieeaathoue ia aoaeoeai?noue ieeii?eai?/aiiy ?: eoo
onoaiiaeaiiy niiae aoi?eiiiai aaco oa eiiaoie caa?o?thaa/a, a oaeiae
a?aeiioaiiy aeo?aoe aoi?eiiiai aaco aei ia?aeiiiai. A oiiaao aeae?eaiiy
a iia?o?y ieeo aeaoa?aaio?a ? a?ae?ioei?eaeo eaeueoe?th i?e aeinyaaii?
aoaeoeaiino? ieeiaeiaethaaiiy 90% ? a?eueoa oe? ia?aiao?e iaee oae?
cia/aiiy a?aeiia?aeii 300, 300–400 ? 0,35–0,4.

C iaoith ia?aa??ee oeeo ia?aiao??a ? anoaiiaeaiiy ?o iioeiaeueieo
cia/aiue noiniaii aei oeaiaioiiai ieeo e oiia oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe??
ia ?aca?ai?e ?ieeeia?e eiiaae??i?e e?i?? a i?ei?uaii? ?aiiioiiai oeaoo,
oiiae yeiai iiae?ai? aei oiia aeine?aeaeoaaiiai i?ei?uaiiy, aoee
i?iaaaeai? noaiaeia? aei?iaoaaiiy.

?acoeueoaoe oeeo aei?iaoaaiue aeicaieeee iaea?aeaoe caeaaeiino?
aoaeoeaiino? aeiaethaaiiy oeaiaioiiai ieeo a?ae eooa onoaiiaeaiiy niiae
aoi?eiiiai aaco e eiiaoie caa?o?thaa/a, a oaeiae aeo?aoe aoi?eiiiai aaco
aei ia?aeiiiai, ye? iienothoueny oaeeie ae?acaie a?aeiia?aeii

A = 104,95 – 0,36 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 12 * SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol”
\s 12 a , (5)

aea SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 12 a – eoo onoaiiaeaiiy niiae aoi?eiiiai
aaco,

A = 88,87 + 0, 084 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 12 * SYMBOL 98 \f
“Symbol” \s 12 b , (6)

aea SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 12 b – eoo onoaiiaethaaiiy eiiaoie
caa?o?thaa/a,

, (7)

aea Q – e?euee?noue ieeiaaciai? noi?o?, ui iaae?eoea aei aeo?iaiai
ieeiaeiaethaa/a a?ae i?noey ieeiooai?aiiy, i3/aiae; Qi – e?euee?noue
aaco (iia?o?y), yea aeiaeaoeiai iaae?eoea aei aia?aoo /a?ac niiea,
i3/aiae.

Iaea?aeai? caeaaeiino? i?aaeeuei? a ae?aiaciiao aaee/ei a?aeiia?aeii:
25–500, 20–450 ? 0,25–0,65.

Ia i?aenoaa? ?acoeueoao?a i?iaaaeaieo noaiaeiaeo aei?iaoaaiue aoei
anoaiiaeaii, ui aoaeoeai?noue ieeii?eai?/aiiy aeinyaa? 96% ? a?eueoa i?e
?ici?uaii? niiae aoi?eiiiai aaco i?ae eooii 25–270, eiiaoie caa?o?thaa/a
– i?ae eooii 450 ? a?aeiioaii? aeo?ao aoi?eiiiai aaco (iia?o?y) aei
ia?aeiiiai, ui aei??aith? 0,6.

E??i oeueiai ia oeueiio ae noaiae? aoee i?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy uiaei
aeai?o i?noey aeey onoaiiaeaiiy caa??iiai i?eno?ith caieeaiiai iia?o?y.
Aoei anoaiiaeaii, ui iaea?eueo aeniea aoaeoeai?noue ieeiaeiaethaaiiy
aeinyaa?oueny i?e ?ici?uaii? eiai ia a?aenoai? 0,2 i a?ae ina?aaeeo
ieeiooai?thaaiiy ii oiaeo ?ooo iia?o?yiiai iioieo i?ae eooii 300
iacono??/ eiai ?ooia?.

O?aoiaoth/e, ui iaoiaee ?iaeaia?iiai ?ic?aooieo aeey aeo?iaeo
ieeiaeiaethaa/?a iiee ui ia ?ic?iaeai?, aeioe?eueii i?e ?ic?aooieia?
oeeo aia?ao?a aeei?enoiaoaaoe ca aiaeia??th c oeeeeiiaie iaoiaee oai???
iiae?aiino?. Iaea?eueo ?iia??iei aaaaea?oueny iaoiae ocaaaeueiaiiy ?
aeei?enoaiiy iieaciee?a, iaea?aeaieo i?e aei?iaoaaii? oeeeeii?a. Ca?aeii
c oeei aoee anoaiiaeai? cia/aiiy iniiaieo ia?aiao??a oe??? eiino?oeoe??
?ic?iaeaiiai ieeiaiai ieeiaeiaethaa/a:

i?iaeoeoeai?noue aia?aoa – 360 i3/aiae;

aenioa naia?aoe?eiiai ia’?io – 0,9 i;

ae?aiao? ieeiaeiaethaa/a – 0,6 i;

ae?aiao? niiae – 0,11 i;

e?euee?noue niiae aoi?eiiiai aaco – 2o4;

oene aoi?eiiiai aaco – 5500 Ia;

a?ae?aae?/iee ii?? aia?aoa – 3700 Ia;

oaeaee?noue ieeiaaciaiai iioieo 3,5 i/n.

A?aeiia?aeii aei oeeo ia?aiao??a ?ic?aooieiaa aoaeoeai?noue
ieeii?eai?/aiiy, ?ic?iaeaiiai aeo?iaiai ieeiaeiaethaa/a, anoaiiaeaia
ca?aeii ?c caeaeueiii?eeiyoeie iaoiaeeeaie, noaiiaeoue 95,3%.

?icae?e 4. Aeine?aeaeaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ieeii?eai?/aiiy i?e aeei?enoaii?
aeo?iaeo ieeiaeiaethaa/?a.

O aa?ani? 1997 ?ieo a oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? Aeue–Ooeaenueeiai
oeaiaioiiai caaiaeo a?ey eiaeiiai ioieoo neeaeaiiy i?oe?a c oeaiaioii
aoee ciiioiaai? aeo?ia? ieeiaeiaethaa/? ?ic?iaeaii? eiino?oeoe??.

Aeey ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? ieeiaeiaethaaiiy i?iaiaeeeenue aeine?aeaeaiiy
eiioeaio?aoe?e ae??aiiaeenia?niiai ieeo ia an?o ?iai/eo i?noeyo oeaoo a
oi/eao, aea i?iaiaeeeenue iiia?aaei? aei??thaaiiy caieeaiino? iia?o?y
aei onoaiiaeaiiy aeo?iaeo ieeiaeiaethaa/?a.

Aiae?c ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue iieacaa, ui caeeoeia? eiioeaio?aoe??
ae??aiiaeenia?niiai ieeo i?e ?iaio? an?o oanoe eiiaae??ieo e?i?e ia
ia?aaeuoaaee 3,5 ia/i3, oiaoi aoee ieae/eie AAeE. Aoaeoeai?noue
ieeii?eai?/aiiy noaiiaeea 91,2–95,7%, i?e na?aaeiueiio cia/aii? 93,9%,
ui aeaco? ia oi?ioo ca?aei?noue ?c ?acoeueoaoaie noaiaeiaeo aei?iaoaaiue
? oai?aoe/ieo ?ic?aooie?a.

Ona oea aeicaiey? eiinoaooaaoe, ui ca aeiiiiiaith ?ic?iaeaieo aeo?iaeo
ieeiaeiaethaa/?a o oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? i?e o?ainii?ooaaii? e
neeaeaii? i?oe?a c oeaiaioii noai?ai? ii?iaeuei? nai?oa?ii–a?a??i?/i?
oiiae i?aoe? ca ieeiaei /eiieeii, ye? iiai?noth aeeeth/athoue aeieeiaiiy
o ?ia?oiee?a iiaaiieii?ico.

Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy o ae?iaieoeoai ?ic?iaeaiiai aeo?iaiai ieeiaeiaethaa/a
aeicaieeei ae??oeoe ia eeoa nioe?aeueio i?iaeaio, a naia cieaeaiiy
eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo a oeaoo aei ??aiy, ui aeeeth/a? iiaeeea?noue
caoai?thaaiiy ?ia?oiee?a oai?iaaie ieeiai? ao?ieia??, aea e aeiiii?/io
?ano?nicaa??aath/o caaea/o ca ?aooiie iiaoi?iiai aeei?enoaiiy aeiaeaiiai
oeaiaioiiai ieeo.

Aeiiii?/iee aoaeo i?e oeueiio aecia/a?oueny c ae?aco:

Aoe = Ioe SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 12 * Noe +?? SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol”
\s 12 * i? – (C1 + C2 + C3), (8)

aea Ioe – iana oeaiaioiiai ieeo, aeiaethaaiiai ca ??e, o; Noe –
aa?o?noue 1 o oeaiaioo, aeie.; ??, i? – e?euee?noue oa oe?ia
?ani??aoi??a, aeei?enoiaoaaieo aei ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeo?iaeo
ieeiaeiaethaa/?a o oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? ca ??e; C1 – aeo?aoe ia
aeaioiaeaiiy ? iiioaae aeo?iaeo ieeiaeiaethaa/?a, aeie.; C2 – aeo?aoe
ia ianeoaiaoaaiiy aeo?iaeo ieeiaeiaethaa/?a, aeie.; C3 – aa?o?noue
aeaeo?iaia?a??, yeo niiaeeaathoue aeo?ia? ieeiaeiaethaa/? ca ??e, aeie.

I?e o?eci?iiiio ?aaeei? ?iaioe oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe??, aa?oino?
iaeiiai ?ani??aoi?a 17,5 aeiea??a ? iaei??? eAo–aiaeeie aeaeo?iaia?a??
0,2 aeiea?a, aeiiii?/iee aoaeo noaiiaeoue 13150 aeiea??a NOA ca ??e.

AENIIAEE

O aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? aeaii oai?aoe/ia iaa?oioiaoaaiiy ? iiaa
?ica’ycaiiy aeooaeueii? caaea/? uiaei ii?iae?caoe??
nai?oa?ii–a?a??i?/ieo oiia i?aoe? ca ieeiaei /eiieeii a oiiaao
iai?aai?ciaaiiai aaaaoiina?aaeeiaiai ieeiaeae?eaiiy c ia?aaaaith a
oeaiaioiiio ieeo oiieeo o?aeoe?e (iaio 10 iei) c iiaeeea?noth iiaoi?iiai
aeei?enoaiiy aeiaeaiiai oeaiaioo a ae?iaieoeoa?, i?e ca?eueoaii? ianya?a
i?iaeoeoe??, ui aeionea?oueny.

Iniiai? aeniiaee, iaoeia? iieiaeaiiy ? i?aeoe/i? ?acoeueoaoe
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe iieyaathoue o ianooiiiio:

1. Onoaiiaeai? caeaaeiino? eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo a?ae oaeaeeino? a?o?o ia
?iai/eo i?noeyo ae?eueieoe? o?ainii?ooaaiiy ne?iaeie, ye? aeicaieythoue
i?e iani?eyoeeaeo iaoai?ieia?/ieo oiiaao (oaeaee?noue a?o?o a?eueoa 2,5
i/n ? iniaeeai a?eueoa 4 i/n) aea?aoe aacia/i? ca ieeiaei /eiieeii
i?noey aeey aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o ianeoaiaoth/ei ia?niiaeii.

2. ?ic?iaeaiee /aniaee ?aaeaiaio aeoiaeo ?ia?oiee?a c ?cieueiaaieo eaa?i
caeaaeii a?ae ?aaeeio ?icaaioaaeaiiy neiei? ne?iaeie ? a?aeaeaeaiino?
a?ae ai?oeaio?o ina?aaeeo ieeiooai?aiiy, ye? aeathoue iiaeeea?noue
iiai?noth aeeeth/eoe ?o ia?aaoaaiiy a iiaaiieii?ciiaaacia/ieo ciiao
aoiea?iiai aiaa?o i?ney caaa?oaiiy ?icaaioaaeaiiy neieeo iaoa??ae?a.

3. Onoaiiaeai? caeiiii??iino? ?iciianthaeaeaiiy ieeiaeo iioie?a a oiiaao
aaaaoiina?aaeeiaiai iai?aai?ciaaiiai ieeiooai?aiiy, ia i?aenoaa? yeeo a
oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? aeyaeai? o?e ciie c ??ciei ??aiai caieeaiino?.

4. Onoaiiaeai? caeaaeiino? ci?ie eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo a?ae a?aeaeaeaiino?
a?ae ina?aaeeo ieeiooai?aiiy a iaaeao anoaiiaeaieo cii, ui aeicaieyoue
aecia/eoe i?noey ?ioaineaiiai in?aeaiiy oeaiaioiiai ieeo ia i?aeeiao
oeaoo.

5. Aenia?eiaioaeueii anoaiiaeai? iaea?eueo aoaeoeai? eooe onoaiiaeaiiy
niiae aoi?eiiiai aaco ? eiiaoie caaeo?thaa/a, a oaeiae a?aeiioaiiy
aeo?aoe aoi?eiiiai aaco aei ia?aeiiiai, ye? aeicaieythoue iaeneiaeueii
cieceoe ??aaiue caieeaiino? iia?o?y a oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe??.

6. Aiae?oe/ii aeiaaaeaia ? i?aeoaa?aeaeaia aenia?eiaioaeueii
iiaeeea?noue aoaeoeaiiai ieeii?eai?/aiiy ae??aiiaeenia?niiai ieeo
aeo?iaeie ieeiaeiaethaa/aie aaeineiiaeaii? eiino?oeoe??, aei ??aiy 90–95
SYMBOL 37 \f “Symbol” \s 12 % , ui ? aeinoaoi?i aeey ii?iae?caoe??
ieeiai? ianoaiiaee a oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe??.

?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ai?iaaaeaeai? a oeaoo aioiai?
i?iaeoeoe??. Caeeoeia? eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo a aoiinoa?? oeaoo i?e
aeei?enoaii? aeo?iaeo ieeiaeiaethaa/ae ieae/a AAeE. Aeiiii?/iee aoaeo,
io?eiaiee ca ?aooiie aeei?enoaiiy aeiaeaiiai oeaiaioiiai ieeo e
aeeeth/aiiy aeo?ao ia i?eaeaaiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo cania?a caoenoo
i?aai?a aeeoaiiy neeaa 13150 aeiea??a NOA ia ??e.

Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy ? ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaai? a ianooiieo
?iaioao:

. A?aeeao Aaaeaeue Eoaeao Ea?aaei. Enneaaeiaaiea caiueaiiinoe aicaeooa
ia o/anoea o?ainii?oe?iaaiey nu?uey Aeue–Ooeaeneiai oeaiaioiiai caaiaea.
Nai?iee iao/iuo o?oaeia AeAIE.– Ae/aane, aui. 7, 1998.– N. 27–30.

A?aeeao Aaaeaeue Eoaeao Ea?aaei. Aeenia?niinoue i?iiuoeaiiie iuee
oeaiaioiuo caaiaeia Ei?aeaiee. Aanoiee Iaaeaeoia?iaeiie aeaaeaiee iaoe
yeieiaee e aaciianiinoe aeeciaaeayoaeueiinoe.– Naieo–Iaoa?ao?a, ?4 (12),
1998.– N. 60–61.

A?aeeao Aaaeaeue Eoaeao Ea?aaei. Nieaeaiea caiueaiiinoe aicaeooa a
oeaoao aioiaie i?iaeoeoeee oeaiaioiuo caaiaeia Ei?aeaiee. Aanoiee
Iaaeaeoia?iaeiie aeaaeaiee iaoe yeieiaee e aaciianiinoe
aeeciaaeayoaeueiinoe. – Naieo–Iaoa?ao?a, ?4 (12), 1998. – N. 78–80.

A?aeeao Aaaeaeue Eoaeao Ea?aaei. Enneaaeiaaiea aeeiaieee ay?icieae a
oeaoa aioiaie i?iaeoeoeee Aeue–Ooeaeneiai oeaiaioiiai caaiaea. Nai?iee
iao/iuo o?oaeia AeAIE. – Ae/aane, aui. 8, 1998. – N. 56–60.

Aiioaoe?y

A?aeeao Aaaeaeue Eoaeao ?a?aa?i. Aeine?aeaeaiiy oa ?ic?iaea cania?a
iaacieethaaiiy ia oeaiaioieo caaiaeao Ei?aeai??: – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy a/aiiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe ii
niaoe?aeueiino? 05.26.01 SYMBOL 178 \f “Symbol” \s 12 ? Ioi?iia i?aoe?
SYMBOL 178 \f “Symbol” \s 12 ? , E?eai??cueeee oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao,
E?eaee ??a, 1999.

Caoeuathoueny 4 iaoeia? i?aoe?, ye? i?noyoue oai?aoe/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy
?ia?oe?eiiai inaaeaeaiiy o aeo?iaeo ieeiaeiaethaa/ao o caeaaeiino? a?ae
ii/aoeiai? eiioeaio?aoe?? ieeo ? eiai aeenia?niino? , a oaeiae
?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue. Onoaiiaeaii ?ai?oa
iaa?aeiiee aieea eooa iaoeeo niiae aoi?eiiiai aaco e eiiaoie
caaeo?thaa/a, a oaeiae a?aeiioaiiy aoi?eiiiai aaco (iia?o?y) aei
ia?aeiiiai ia ca?eueoaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ieeiaeiaethaaiiy. Cae?eniaii
i?iieneiaa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeo?iaeo ieeiaeiaethaa/?a c eooii
onoaiiaethaaiiy niiae aoi?eiiiai aaco 25–270, eiiaoie caaeo?thaa/a 450 ?
a?aeiioaiiy aoi?eiiiai aaco aei ia?aeiiiai 0,6 o oeaoo aioiai?
i?iaeoeoe??.

Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeo?iaeo ieeiaeiaethaa/?a aeicaieeei ii?iae?coaaoe oiiae
i?aoe? ca ieeiaei /eiieeii o oeaoo aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? ? ae??oeoe
?ano?nicaa??aath/o caaea/o oeyoii iiaoi?iiai aeei?enoaiiy ceiaeaiiai
oeaiaioiiai ieeo o ae?iaieoeoa?. Aeiiii?/iee aoaeo, io?eiaiee ca ?aooiie
oeueiai neeaa 13150 aeiea??a NOA ia ??e.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: aeo?iaee ieeiaeiaethaa/, aoi?eiiee aac, ieeicaa??iee
i?eno??e, ae??aiiaeenia?niee iee, aoaeoeai?noue ieeiaeiaethaaiiy.

Annotation

Wreikat Abdel Khaleq Ibrahim. Research and elaboration of means of
dedusting on cement plants of Jordan. – Typescript.

Thesis for a Candidate of Technical Sciences on specialized field
05.26.01 “Labour Protection”, Krivoy Rog Technical University, Krivoy
Rog, 1999.

It is defended 4 scientific works, which contain theoretical researches
inertia precipitation in whirlwind dustcatching machines depending on
initial dust concentration and its dispersion, and also the results of
experimental researches. It was determined the unknown influence of
slope angle of the second gas nozzles and blades of eddy-machines, and
also ratio of second gas (air) to the first one on the increasing of
dustcatching efficiency. It has realized the industrial adoption of
whirlwind dustcatching machines with the slope angle of second gas
nozzles 25-27o, blades of eddy-machines 45o and ratio of second gas to
the first one 0,6 in the shop of finished products.

Introduction of whirlwind dustcatching machines allowed to normalize
labour conditions by dust factor in the shop of finished product and to
decide the resourcesaving problem by repeated using of catched cement
dust in manufacturing. Annual economic effect from this production is US
$ 13150.

Key words: whirlwind dustcatching machine, second gas, dustgathering
device, thindispersional dust, dustcatching efficiency.

Aiiioaoeey

A?aeeao Aaaeaeue Eoaeao Ea?aaei. Enneaaeiaaiea e ?ac?aaioea n?aaenoa
iaaniueeaaiey ia oeaiaioiuo caaiaeao Ei?aeaiee. – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa oaoie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 05.26.01 “Io?aia o?oaea”, E?eai?iaeneee oaoie/aneee
oieaa?neoao, E?eaie ?ia, 1999.

Caueuaaony 4 iao/iua ?aaiou, eioi?ua niaea?aeao oai?aoe/aneea
enneaaeiaaiey eia?oeeiiiiai inaaeaeaiey a aeo?aauo iueaoeiaeoaeyo a
caaeneiinoe io ia/aeueiie eiioeaio?aoeee iuee e aa aeenia?niinoe, a
oaeaea ?acoeueoaou yenia?eiaioaeueiuo enneaaeiaaiee.

Iieo/aiu caeiiiia?iinoe eciaiaiey eiioeaio?aoeee iuee io nei?inoe aao?a
i?e o?ainii?oe?iaaiee nuio/aai nu?uey io ea?uea?a e oeaiaioiiio caaiaeo.
Eniieuecoy iieo/aiea caaeneiinoe, iiaeii aua?aoue ?aai/ea ianoa aeey
ianeoaeeaathuaai ia?niiaea n ii?iaeueiuie naieoa?ii-aeaeaie/aneeie
oneiaeyie o?oaea ii iueaaiio oaeoi?o a ?aai/eo ciiao ia o/anoea
o?ainii?oe?iaaiey nu?uey i?e ianeoaeeaaiee oceia e iaoaieciia eaioi/iiai
eiiaaea?a e ia?aiauaiee aaeieue iaai ?aai/eo i?e ?acee/iuo
iaoai?ieiae/aneeo oneiaeyo. Yoi iicaieyao iieiinoueth eneeth/eoue
aiciiaeiinoue iaoiaeaeaiey ianeoaeeaathuaai ia?niiaea aeaiiiai
iiae?acaeaeaiey oeaiaioiiai caaiaea a iiaaiieiieciiianiuo ciiao ai a?aiy
o?ainii?oe?iaaiey nuio/aai nu?uey eaioi/iuie eiiaaea?aie a i?aaeaeao
caaiaeneie i?iiieiuaaeee, i?e ?acee/iuo nei?inoyo aao?a. ?ac?aaioai
a?aiaiiie ?aaeaiaio auoiaea ?aai/eo ec eciee?iaaiiuo eaaei a caaeneiinoe
io ?aaeeia ?aca?ocee nuio/aai nu?uey e oaeaeaiiinoe io yieoeaio?a i/aaa
iueaia?aciaaiey, aeathuee aiciiaeiinoue iieiinoueth eneeth/eoue eo
iaoiaeaeaiea a iiaaiieiieciiianiuo ciiao aoiea?iiai aiaa?a iinea
caaa?oaiey i?ioeanna ?aca?ocee.

Enneaaeiaaieyie aeenia?niiai ninoaaa i?iiuoeaiiie iuee a iniiaiuo
i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo iiae?acaeaeaieyo oeaiaioiiai caaiaea onoaiiaeaii, /oi
iaeaieaa aunieia niaea?aeaiea oiieiaeenia?niuo o?aeoeee (iaiaa 10 iei)
niaea?aeeony a aoiinoa?a oeaoa aioiaie i?iaeoeoeee. i?e na?anuaaiee
aoiaaeiuo iaoeia n oeaiaioii n auoa?aniieiaeaiiie aaoae ?ieeeiaiai
eiiaaea?a ia ieaea?aniieiaeaiioth, ia 18 ia?aa?oci/iuo ioieoao.
I?eiaiaiea a yoeo oneiaeyo o?aaeeoeeiiiuo aeey oeaiaioiuo caaiaeia
n?aaenoa iaaniueeaaiey ia iicaieyao nieceoue inoaoi/ioth caiueaiiinoue
aicaeooa aei o?iaiy IAeE.

Ia iniiaaiee enneaaeiaaiee aeeiaieee ay?icieae iieo/aiu caeiiiia?iinoe
?ani?ino?aiaiey iueaauo iioieia a oneiaeyo iiiai/aniaiai,
iai?aaieciaaiiiai iueaia?aciaaiey, neiaeeaoaainy a ?acoeueoaoa
eioaineoeeaoeee i?iecaiaenoaa, n iiiiuueth eioi?uo a oeaoa aioiaie
i?iaeoeoeee auyaeaiu ciiu eioaineaiiai inaaeaiey (50% e aieaa)
oeaiaioiie iuee. Aiaeeoe/anee aeieacaia e iiaeoaa?aeaeaia
yenia?eiaioaeueiay aiciiaeiinoue yooaeoeaiiai iueaoeaaeeaaiey
oiieiaeenia?niie iuee (iaiaa 10 iei) aeo?aauie iueaoeiaeoaeyie
oniaa?oainoaiaaiiie eiino?oeoeee aei 90-95%. Yenia?eiaioaeueiui iooai
onoaiiaeaii, /oi aeinoeaeaiea oaeiai o?iaiy yooaeoeaiinoe
iueaoeaaeeaaiey aiciiaeii i?e ?aniieiaeaiee caai?iiai ono?ienoaa
aeo?aaiai iueaoeiaeoaey ia ?annoiyiee 0,2 i io i/aaa iueaia?aciaaiey ii
oiaeo aeaeaeaiey aicaeooiiai iioiea iiae oaeii 30 SYMBOL 176 \f “Symbol”
\s 12 ° iaano?a/o aai aeaeaeaieth. I?eiaiaiea aeo?aauo iueaoeiaeoaeae
?ac?aaioaiiie eiino?oeoeee e iainiiaaiea iano eo onoaiiaee a oeaoa
aioiaie i?iaeoeoeee iieiinoueth eneeth/aao aiciiaeiinoue iiiaaeaiey a
oeiaeaiioth oeaiaioioth iueue iinoi?iiieo aauanoa (aieieii io
oeeueo?iaaeueiuo iaoa?eaeia, aiaeu, ianae e ae?.), aeeythueo ia
ea/anoaaiiua naienoaa oeaiaioa. Yoi aeaao aiciiaeiinoue aica?auaoue
oneiaeaiioth oeaiaioioth iueue a i?iecaiaenoai.

Onoaiiaeaii ?aiaa iaecaanoiia aeeyiea oaea iaeeiia niiae aoi?e/iiai aaca
e eiiaoie caaeo?eoaey, a oaeaea ioiioaiey aoi?e/iiai aaca (aicaeooa) e
ia?ae/iiio ia oaaee/aiea yooaeoeaiinoe iueaoeaaeeaaiey. Inouanoaeaii
i?iiuoeaiiia aiaae?aiea aeo?aauo iueaoeiaeoaeae n oaeii niiae aoi?e/iiai
aaca 25-27 SYMBOL 176 \f “Symbol” \s 12 ° , eiiaoie caaeo?eoaey 45
SYMBOL 176 \f “Symbol” \s 12 ° e ioiioaiey aoi?e/iiai aaca e ia?ae/iiio
0,6 a oeaoa aioiaie i?iaeoeoeee.

Aiaae?aiea aeo?aauo iueaoeiaeoaeae iicaieeei ii?iaeeciaaoue oneiaey
o?oaea ii iueaaiio oaeoi?o a oeaoa aioiaie i?iaeoeoeee, e ?aoeoue
?ano?ninaa?aaathuoth caaea/o iooai iiaoi?iiai eniieueciaaiey oneiaeaiiie
oeaiaioiie iuee a i?iecaiaenoaa. Yeiiiie/aneee yooaeo, iieo/aiiue ca
n/ao yoiai, ninoaaee 13150 aeieea?ia NOA a aiae.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: aeo?aaie iueaoeiaeoaeue, aoi?e/iue aac, iueacaai?iia
ono?ienoai, oiieiaeenia?niay iueue, yooaeoeaiinoue iueaoeaaeeaaiey.

I?aeienaii aei ae?oeo 19.05.99. Oi?iao 84o108 1/32

Iai?? ionaoiee ?1. Ae?oe ionaoiee. Caiiaeaiiy ?312. Oe?aae 100 i?ei.

Aeaeaaie/i-iie?a?ao?/iee oeaio? Aeiiaanueeiai a??ie/i-iaoaeo?a?eiiai
?inoeoooo

i. Ae/aanuee, i?. Eai?ia, 16, e?ii. 2113

PAGE

PAGE 14

Нашли опечатку? Выделите и нажмите CTRL+Enter

Похожие документы
Обсуждение

Ответить

Курсовые, Дипломы, Рефераты на заказ в кратчайшие сроки
Заказать реферат!
UkrReferat.com. Всі права захищені. 2000-2020