EE?ANUeEEE OI?AA?NEOAO ?IAI? OA?ANA OAA*AIEA
OAeE 539.3
Ia/a?aiei Aiaoie?e Aieiaeeie?iae/
AENIA?EIAIOAEUeIA AECIA*AIIss AIEEAO ??AeEIE IA AEANI? EIEEAAIIss
OIIEINO?IIEO IAIEIIIE
01.02.04 — iaoai?ea aeaoi?i?aiiai oaa?aeiai o?ea
Aaoi?aoa?ao
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe
Ee?a — 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia o Ieeiea?anueeiio aea?aeaaiiio iaaeaaia?/iiio ?inoeooo?
I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie..
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee – aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,
Caneoaeaiee
ae?y/ iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie Aoaeae Aaea??e Aeieo?iae/, Ieeiea?anueeee
aea?aeaaiee iaaeaaia?/iee ?inoeooo, ?aeoi?.
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe – aeieoi? o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe,
i?ioani?,
Aaneeaiei Aiaoie?e Oeoiiiae/, aieiaiee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee, ?inoeooo
iaoai?ee ?i. N.I.Oeiioaiea IAI Oe?a?ie;
aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe Eeia?/aiei Ieaa Noaiaiiae/, caa?aeoth/ee
a?aeae?eii ?ioi?iaoe?eieo oaoiieia?e, I?aeia?iaeiee iaoaiaoe/iee oeaio?
IAI Oe?a?ie.
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa – Ee?anueeee iaoe?iiaeueiee oi?aa?neoao
aoae?aieoeoaa
? a?o?oaeoo?e I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie, i. Ee?a.
Caoeno aeena?oaoe?? a?aeaoaeaoueny “_20_” _aeiaoiy_ 1999 ?. i _14_ aiae.
ia can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E 26.001.21 i?e Ee?anueeiio
oi?aa?neoao? ?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea ca aae?anith:252127, i. Ee?a, i?ini.
Aeooeiaa, 2, ei?ion 7, iaoai?ei-iaoaiaoe/iee oaeoeueoao.
?c aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? Ee?anueeiai
oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaii “_18_” _aa?aniy_ 1999 ?ieo.
O/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee O.TH.Eaie/
Caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe
Aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa i?enay/aia aecia/aiith iniiaieo aeeiai?/ieo
oa?aeoa?enoee eieeaaiue oiieino?iieo iaieiiie c ??aeeiith
aenia?eiaioaeueiei iaoiaeii.
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeena?oaoe??. Oiieino?ii? iaieiiee, iath/e ?yae
i?oei?nieo ? oaoi?/ieo ia?aaaa (eaae?noue, aeniea i?oei?noue, aeniea
iano/a caeaoi?noue oa ?i.), ciaoiaeyoue oe?iea canoinoaaiiy a
iaoeiiaoaeoaaii?, a?ae?ioaoi?oe?, noaeii- ? e?oaeiaoaeoaaii?,
?aeaoii-eini?/i?e oaoi?oe? oa ?i.
Oiieino?ii? iaieiieia? eiino?oeoe?? iiaeooue ciaoiaeeoenue a ?iai/eo
oiiaao o eiioaeo? c ??aeeiith (o?ainii?ooaaiiy ??aeeie, caiiaiaiiy ?
ceeao ??aeeie o i?oaeieo oeenoa?iao ? aaeao ??cii? oi?ie, ?aaeoi?e
aoiiieo aeaeo?inoaioe?e ? o.?i.). Oaeo eiino?oeoe?th ?icaeyaeathoue ye
ca’ycaio nenoaio iaieiiea-??aeeia. A i?ioean? aenieoaoaoe?? oae? nenoaie
iiiaaeathoue i?ae aieea ??cieo ca nai?i oa?aeoa?ii aeeiai?/ieo
iaaaioaaeaiue, ye? iiaeooue aeeeeeaoe ?ioaineai? eieeaaiiy ye nenoaie
iaieiiea-??aeeia, oae ? an??? eiino?oeoe??.
Oiio aaaeeeai oi/ii ciaoe ?aciiaini? /anoioe ? oi?ie, a oaeiae ?iciiae?e
aiie?ooae eieeaaiue nenoaie iaieiiea-??aeeia aeey oiai, uia iiia?aaeeoe
aeieeiaiiy aaeeeeo ia?ai?uaiue o eiino?oeoe??. ?ica’ycaiith oe???
i?iaeaie i?enay/aii ?yae oai?aoe/ieo ? aenia?eiaioaeueieo
aeine?aeaeaiue. O a?eueoino? ?ia?o i?aaenoaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe oai?aoe/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue. I?e oai?aoe/ieo aeine?aeaeaiiyo a ?yae? aeiaaee?a
iaiiaeeeai iaeii/anii o?aooaaoe aaaeeea? oaeoi?e, ye? aieeaathoue ia
aeani? eieeaaiiy nenoaie iaieiiea-??aeeia (i?iaei iiaa?oi? i?e
/anoeiaiio caiiaiaii? ??aeeiith, a?ae?ea ??aeeie a?ae iiaa?oi? iaieiiee,
aeeneiaoe?y ??aeeiith). Oiio ia caaaeaee iiaeia iaea?aeaoe oi/ia
aiae?oe/ia ?ica’ycaiiy oaei? caaea/?.
O ca’yceo c oeei iaiao?aeia ?ic?iaea iiaeo aoaeoeaieo i?aeoiae?a aeey
aeine?aeaeaiiy a?a?aoe?e iaieiiie. Oe?ie? iiaeeeaino? o oeueiio
a?aeiioaii? i?aaenoaaeythoue iioe/i? iaoiaee aenia?eiaioaeueii?
iaoai?ee.
Iaeiei ?c iiaeo iaoiae?a aenia?eiaioaeueii? iaoai?ee ? iaoiae
aieia?ao?/ii? ?ioa?oa?iiao???, yeee aeicaiey? aaceiioaeoii aecia/aoe
?aciiaini? /anoioe, oi?ie oa ia?ai?uaiiy oi/ie iiaa?oi? c aenieith
oi/i?noth. Canoinoaaiiy oeueiai iaoiaeo aeey ??oaiiy iinoaaeaieo o
?iaio? caaea/ ? aeooaeueiei.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. A?aeia?aaeai? a
aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? ?acoeueoaoe iaea?aeai? i?e aeeiiaii? ieaiiaeo
iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue eaoaae?ith iaoaiaoeee oa caaaeueii? o?ceee ?
ano?iiii?? Ieeiea?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai iaaeaaia?/iiai ?inoeoooo ca
eii?aeeiaoe?eiei ieaiii ooiaeaiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue I?i?noa?noaa
ina?oe Oe?a?ie ? 30.13 “Noai?aiiy no?iaiaieia?ao?/iiai iaoiaeo aeey
aeine?aeaeaiiy a?a?aoe?e iaieiieiaeo eiino?oeoe?e neeaaeii? oi?ie c
eiino?oeoeaieie iniaeeainoyie” (? aea?aeaaii? ?a?no?aoe?? 0197U005123) a
ia??iae c 1997 ii 1998 ?. oa oaie “Aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeiai?/ieo
oa?aeoa?enoee aeaiaio?a iaieiieiaeo eiino?oeoe?e i?e ?o aca?iiae?? c
??aeeiith” (? aeiaiai?o 35.13.1999-2000) c 1999 ?. ii oaia??oi?e /an.
Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoith aeaii? aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ?
aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee aeanieo eieeaaiue oiieino?iieo
iaieiiie c ??aeeiith oa aecia/aiiy aoaeo?a aieeao ??aeeie ia aeeiai?/i?
oa?aeoa?enoeee iaieiiie ia iniia? aenieioi/iiai aoaeoeaiiai i?aeoiaeo.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa? a ?ic?iaoe? iiaiai
i?aeoiaeo aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iaieiiie c
??aeeiith;
aecia/aii? ia eiai iniia? aeieeaaeieo aeaieo i?i aiie?ooaeii-/anoioi?
oa?aeoa?enoeee aeanieo eieeaaiue eiinieueii cae??ieaieo oeee?iae?e/ieo
iaieiiie, /anoeiai ? iiai?noth caiiaiaieo ??aeeiith;
aeyaeaii? aoaeo?a aieeao ??aeeie ia oi?ie ? /anoioe aeanieo eieeaaiue
iaieiiie.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. ?aae?ciaaiee a ?iaio?
i?aeo?ae ia? oe?ie? iiaeeeaino? aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeiai?/ieo
oa?aeoa?enoee iaieiiie ??cii? oi?ie ? no?oeoo?e c ??aeeiith i?e ??cieo
a?aie/ieo oiiaao ? iiaea aooe aeei?enoaiee aeey ioe?iee aeiiouaiue
iiaoaeiaaieo oai?aoe/ieo iiaeaeae oa ioe?iee oi/iino?
/enaeueii-aiae?oe/ieo iaoiae?a ?ica’ycaiiy a?aeiia?aeieo eean?a caaea/,
a oaeiae i?e aiae?c? iiaaae?iee eiie?aoieo eiino?oeoeaieo aeaiaio?a.
Aeinoia??i?noue ?acoeueoao?a ?iaioe i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny caaeia?eueiei
ocaiaeaeaiiyi ?acoeueoao?a aenia?eiaioaeueiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy c aeaieie
?ic?aooie?a oa aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieie ?ioeo aaoi??a aeey ie?aieo
aeiaaee?a ? aenieith oi/i?noth iaoiaeo aieia?ao?/ii? ?ioa?oa?iiao???.
Ioae?eaoe?? oa iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Ca oaiith aeena?oaoe?eii?
?iaioe iioae?eiaaii 3 iaoeia? i?aoe? [1-3]. O oiio /ene?: 2 – a ca??eao
iaoeiaeo i?aoeue ? 1 – aaoi?nueea na?aeioeoai ia aeiao?ae. Iniiai?
?acoeueoaoe io?eiai? aaoi?ii naiino?eii. A oie /an o ?iaio? [3],
iioae?eiaai?e o ni?aaaoi?noa? c A.?.Aoeoo?ii, A.Ae.Aoaeaeii ?
I.A.Oeaioo, caeiaoaa/aa? iaeaaeeoue ?aeay noai?aiiy i?eno?ith aeey
caaacia/aiiy ai?eciioaeueieo ? aa?oeeaeueieo eieeaaiue i?e aieia?ao?/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiiyo aeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iaieiiie. Ni?aaaoi?ai
iaeaaeeoue ?aeay noai?aiiy onoaiiaee aeey a?a?iaaeooineeiai? ae?? ia
aei?noe? aeenia?ni? noi?o?. A ?iaioao [1-2] ni?aaaoi?ai iaeaaeeoue
o/anoue o iinoaiiaoe? caaea/ ? iaaiai?aii? iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a.
Aaoi? aeneiaeth? ue?o iiaeyeo nai?io iaoeiaiio eiinoeueoaioo – aeieoi?o
o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe A?eai?aieia? I.ss. ca iino?eio oaaao aei
iaienaiiy ?iaioe.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeaii?
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe aeiiia?aeaeeny ia IV Ananithci?e
iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Niaa?oainoaiaaiea yenieoaoaoeee e
?aiiioa ei?ionia noaeia” (1986, i. Eae?i?ia?aae), i?aeia?iaei?e
eiioa?aioe?? “Naa?iua eiino?oeoeee” (1990, i. Ee?a, Oe?a?ia); ? ? ??
iaoeia?e oeie? Iaoe?iiaeueii? Aeaaeai?? iaoe Oe?a?ie, ?in?enueei?
Aeaaeai?? iaoe (1994, 1996, i. Ieeiea?a), ca?oieo iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?yo
i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo Ieeiea?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
iaaeaaia?/iiai ?inoeoooo (1997-1999), iaoeiaiio nai?ia?? eaoaae?e
oai?aoe/ii? iaoai?ee Oe?a?inueeiai aea?aeaaiiai ii?nueeiai oaoi?/iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo (1999, i. Ieeiea?a). A oe?eiio ?iaioa iaaiai?thaaeanue ia
iaoeiaiio nai?ia?? “I?iaeaie iaoai?ee” i?e eaoaae?? oai?aoe/ii? ?
i?eeeaaeii? iaoai?ee, a oaeiae ia can?aeaii? eaoaae?e iaoai?ee
nooe?eueieo na?aaeiaeu iaoai?ei-iaoaiaoe/iiai oaeoeueoaoo Ee?anueeiai
oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea (1999 ?.).
No?oeoo?a ? ianya aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa neeaaea?oueny c?
anooio, o?ueio ?icae?e?a iniiaii? /anoeie, aeniiae?a oa ia?ae?eo
aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae (111 iaeiaioaaiue, ye? aeeeaaeai? ia 11 noi??ieao)
oa aeiaeaoeo. Caaaeueiee ianya noaiiaeoue 155 noi??iie iaoeiiieniiai
oaenoo, a oiio /ene? 69 ?enoie?a, 37 oaaeeoeue. Aeiaeaoie o caaaeueiiio
ianyc? caeia? 34 noi??iee aea, cie?aia, iiaea?oueny 17 oaaeeoeue ? 17
?enoie?a.
Ei?ioeee ci?no ?iaioe
O anooi? iiaea?oueny caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe. Cie?aia
?ice?eaa?oueny no/aniee noai aeine?aeaeaiue, iia’ycaieo c i?iaeaiaie
aeeiai?ee nenoaie iaieiiea-??aeeia i?e a?a?aoe?ei?e ae??,
ia??oioiao?oueny iaiao?aei?noue i?iaaaeaiiy iaoeiaiai iiooeo o oe?e
aaeoc? ? aecia/a?oueny aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeena?oaoe??, oi?ioeth?oueny
iaoa ?iaioe. Ia iniia? aiae?co iniiaieo ?acoeueoao?a, ye? oa?eoee aei
aeena?oaoe??, aecia/aii ?o iaoeiao iiaecio oa i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy.
Aeacaii ia ioae?eaoe?? aaoi?a, a yeeo oe? ?acoeueoaoe a?aeia?aaeaii,
?ice?eoi eiai iniaenoee aianie o oeo ?iaioao, ui iioae?eiaai? ?acii ?c
ni?aaaoi?aie. I?eaiaeyoueny aeai? i?i ca’ycie aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe c
iaoeiaeie oaiaie, ui aeeiiothoueny a onoaiia? caeiaoaa/a, aeai? i?i
ai?iaaoe?th ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??.
O ia?oiio ?icae?e? iiaeaii iaeyae e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaea?ae, a yeeo
i?noyoueny aeine?aeaeaiiy, i?enay/ai? i?iaeai? aeeiai?/ii? iiaaae?iee
iaieiiie c ??aeeiith.
O aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeiai?ee nenoaie i?oaeia o?ei-??aeeia cia/iee aeeaae
aianee E.?.Aaeaaoo, A.A.Aieio?i, A.N.Aieueie?, A.N.Aiioeaae/,
A.A.Ai?oeia, A.O.A??i/aiei, A.A.A?eaiethe, I.I.Aocue, I.A.?eueaaiia,
I.I.E?eue/aanueeee, A.Ae.Eoaaiei, I.N.Eeia?/aiei, ?.A.Eoeianueeee,
A.I.Iyeeoaa, I.I.Ii?na?a, A.N.Ia??iaiia, A.?.?aa?iiae/, ?.I.?aiiii?o,
A.?.Noieaaoeia, ?.O.Nae?cia, A.O.Oe?oei, E.O.O?ieia, O.I.Oeey?/oe,
A.I.Oiaeia, Aa?ainii, Aaea?, *o, Eaia, E?iaeoieuei oa ?i.
Aiae?c iniiaieo ?ia?o, a yeeo aeeeaaeaii eiie?aoi? iinoaiiaee e?aeiaeo
caaea/, ?ic?iaeai? iaoaiaoe/i? iiaeae? ? aenia?eiaioaeuei? iaoiaee aeey
aea/aiiy ni?eueiiai ?ooo o?e, ye? aca?iiae?thoue c ??aeeiith, a oaeiae
aiae?oe/i? ? /enaeuei? iaoiaee ?ica’yceo caaea/ a?ae?iaeeiai?ee
iaiaaeaiiai ia’?io ??aeeie, aeaa ciiao anoaiiaeoe ie?aia i?noea ?
a?aeiioaiiy aeanieo aeine?aeaeaiue aaoi?a aei aaea a?aeiieo
?acoeueoao?a, cae?enieoe a?aoiaioaoe?th iinoaiiaee caaea/? ? i?aeoiaeo
aei aeine?aeaeaiue. A?aei?/aii, ui aenia?eiaioaeueiiio aeine?aeaeaiith
aeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iaieiiie o ii??aiyii? c oai?aoe/ieie
i?enay/aia a?aeiinii iaaaeeea e?euee?noue ?ia?o. A?aeii?
aenia?eiaioaeuei? ?iaioe A.A.A?aneaanueeiai, I.?.Aaeaee, A.N.Aiioeaae/a,
I.A.?eueaaiiaa, A.?.Oaeaeiaa, A.O.N?aaea, A.?.Ai?enaiei,
A.N.Iaaeianueeiai, TH.A.Ai?aoiiaa oa ?ioeo. ?c iaeyaeo ?ia?o aeieeaa?,
ui o?aooaaiiy i?oaeieo aeanoeainoae o?e, ye? caiiaiai? ??aeeiith,
i?eaiaeeoue aei nooo?aeo ye?nieo ? e?euee?nieo iniaeeainoae iiaaae?iee
a?ae?ii?oaeieo nenoai, oea ? aaaeeeaith i?iaeaiith. O ca’yceo c oeei
aeieea? iaiao?aei?noue ?ica’yceo neeaaeieo caaea/ aca?iiae?? i?oaeii?
eiino?oeoe?? c ??aeeiith. I?e aeine?aeaeaii? aa?oeeaeueii ?ici?uaieo
iaieiiie, caiiaiaieo ??aeeiith, ia caaaeaee aaea?oueny iaea?aeaoe
?aaoey?i? oi?ie eieeaaiue, ui coiiaeaii oaoiieia??th ?o aeaioiaeaiiy.
An? oe? ieoaiiy ia iiaeooue aooe o iiai?e i??? aea/ai? oeyoii
?ic?aooie?a. O ca’yceo c oeei iaiao?aeia ?ic?iaea iiaeo aoaeoeaieo
i?aeoiae?a aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy a?a?aoe?e iaieiiie. I?aaenoaaey?
i?aeoe/iee ? iaoeiaee ?ioa?an iiaeaeueoa aenia?eiaioaeueia i?i?iaea
caaea/ aeeiai?ee oiieino?iieo iaieiiie c ??aeeiith.
Ia iniia? aiae?co aenia?eiaioaeueieo iaoiae?a aeine?aeaeaiue a?a?aoe?e
iaieiiie a?aoiaioiaaii aea?aiee i?aeo?ae aei aecia/aiiy /anoio, oi?i oa
aiie?ooae a?eueieo eieeaaiue caiiaiaieo ??aeeiith iaieiiie, yeee
??oioo?oueny ia aenieioi/iiio aenia?eiaioaeueiiio iaoiae?
no?iaiaieia?ao?/ii? ?ioa?oa?iiao???. I?iaaaeaii aiae?c
aenia?eiaioaeueieo iaoiae?a aeine?aeaeaiue a?a?aoe?e iaieiiie, aeacai?
?o iaaeie?ee oa ia?aaaae. Iieacaii, ui aeey ?ica’yceo iinoaaeaieo caaea/
aoaeoeaiei ? iaoiae aieia?ao?/ii? ?ioa?oa?iiao???. Iienai? i?eioeeie ?
niiniae aieia?ao?/ieo aei??thaaiue. Aeey aea/aiiy a?a?aoe?? iaoiae
aieia?ao?/ii? ?ioa?oa?iiao??? canoiniao?oueny o aeaio iiaeeo?eaoe?yo:
iaoiae ona?aaeiaiiy o /an? ? iaoiae no?iaiaieia?ao?/ii? ?ioa?oa?iiao???.
I?e ioe?ioe? ?iciiae?eo aiie?ooae eieeaaiue iiaa?oi? iaieiiee ii
?ioa?oa?ia?aiai oi?i eieeaaiue, ona?aaeiaieo o /an?, aeieeathoue
i?iaeaie oi/iino? aecia/aiiy eii?aeeiao nioa ?ioa?oa?aioe??. ?c
ca?eueoaiiyi aiie?ooaee eieeaaiue ciaioo?oueny yne?aa?noue nioa. Oea
iiynith?oueny iayai?noth iaeiaa?aioiiai i?aena?/oaaiiy i?e i?ioiaeaeaii?
iaieiieith i?ii?aeieo iieiaeaiue i?ae aiie?ooaeaie eieeaaiue. Oiio aeey
?ica’ycaiiy iinoaaeaieo caaea/ canoiniaoaaany iaoiae no?iaiaieia?ao?/ii?
?ioa?oa?iiao??? o oae?e iiaeeo?eaoe??. Ia?oo aeniiceoe?th i?iaiaeeee i?e
ia?ooii?e iiaa?oi?. Uia caaacia/eoe aenieo aeeo?aeoe?eio aoaeoeai?noue
i?e a?aeiiaeaii? ?ioa?oa?ia?ai, /an ia?oi? aeniiceoe?? aeae?aee ??aiei
iieiaei? cae/iiai /ano aeniiceoe??. Iio?i caoaeaeoaaee a?a?aoe?th
iiaa?oi?, a aeey ina?oeaiiy iiaa?oi? aeei?enoiaoaaee neio?ii?ciaai? c
eieeaaiiyie na?oeia? ?iioeuene. Ca oaeeo oiia iiaoi?ii aeniiioaaee
aieia?aio. I?ae /an a?aeiiaeaiiy aieia?aie c’yaey?oueny oa?aeoa?ia aeey
iaoiaeo aeaio aeniiceoe?e ?ioa?oa?aioe?eia ea?oeia c aenieei eiio?anoii
nioa. Oaeee i?aeo?ae caaacia/o? a?eueo aenieo oi/i?noue aecia/aiiy oi?i
eieeaaiue ? i?iaaaeaiiy e?euee?nii? ?ioa?i?aoaoe?? ?ioa?oa?aioe?eii?
ea?oeie.
Aeeeaaeaia iaoiaeeea aeaioiaeaiiy ? i?aeaioiaee iaieiiie aeey
i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue. Aeey ?ica’ycaiiy iinoaaeaieo caaea/ aoee
aeoi/ai? o?e na??? iaieiiie c ia?aiao?aie L/R = 2,49; 2,09; 1,66
ciai?oi?i ?aae?onii 45 ii, oiaueiith h = 0,5 ii. Iaieiiee aeaioiaeyeenue
?c iaoa??aeo noaeue 38 ON (iiaeoeue THiaa = 22·1010 Ia,
eiao?oe??io Ioanniia ? = 0,28, aonoeia ? = 7,74·103 ea/i 3).
Aaiiao?e/i? ia?aiao?e iaieiiee aei??thaaeenue ca aeiiiiiaith eaoaoiiao?a
c oi/i?noth aei 0,001 ii. Aeine?aeaeoaaeenue o? iaieiiee, a yeeo ia
aeyaeaii ?icoa?oaaiiy /anoio aeaii? oi?ie eieeaaiue. Iaieiiee
cae??iethaaeenue o aa?oeeaeueiiio iieiaeaii? ca aeiiiiiaith
niaoe?aeueiiai i?eno?ith ia ianeai?e ieeo? aieia?ao?/ii? onoaiiaee. Ia
ieaeiueiio e?ath iaieiiee aeeiiai? a?aie/i? oiiae aei?noeiai
cae??ieaiiy, aa?oi?e e?ae — a?eueiee. Neea caoyaeee iaieiiee
eiio?iethaaeanue ca cia/aiiyi ?? iniiaii? ?aciiainii? /anoioe. sseui
iiaeaeueoa ca?eueoaiiy neee caoyaeee iaieiiee ia i?eaiaeeei aei ci?ie
iniiaii? /anoioe, aaaaeaeinue, ui a?aie/i? oiiae aei?noeiai eiinieueiiai
cae??ieaiiy caaacia/ai?. Ia ?en. 1 i?aaenoaaeaia aeie-noaia
no?iaieiiieaena, yeee ?ic?iaeaiee ? aeaioiaeaiee aeey eiiieaeniiai
aecia/aiiy /anoio ? oi?i aeanieo eieeaaiue eiinieueii cae??ieaieo
iaieiiie, caiiaiaieo ??aeeiith.
?en. 1
Iienaii i?ioean i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue. I?ney i?aeaioia/eo
iia?aoe?e, eiiiiioaaiiy ? ei?aaoaaiiy iioe/ii? noaie i?iaiaeeeenue
aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao ??aiy ??aeeie ia oi?ie, /anoioe ? aiie?ooaee
aeanieo eieeaaiue. I?e caiiaiaii? iaieiiee aiaeith c e?ieii 0,05L
ci?iith /anoioe caoaeaeaiiy caoeiaiai aaia?aoi?a i?aeo?eioaaeanue
aea?aia aeania oi?ia eieeaaiue. *anoioa aea?aii? aeanii? oi?ie
aecia/aeanue /anoioii??ii c oi/i?noth aei 1 Aoe a caeaaeiino? a?ae
??aiy caiiaiaiiy iaieiiee ??aeeiith. A?coaeueii niinoa??aaany aieea
??aiy ??aeeie ia ?iciiae?e aiie?ooae. Eiee iiea a?a?iia?ai?uaiue ye?nii
? e?euee?nii ci?ithaaeinue, i?ney iano?ithaaiiy ia ?aciiain oa
neio?ii?caoe?? no?iaoth/eo ?iioeuen?a c aecia/aiith oacith eieeaaiue
?a?no?oaaeanue no?iai?ioa?oa?ia?aia oi?ie eieeaaiue caoaeaeaii?
iaieiiee. Eiio?ieue neaaaeiino? no?iaoth/eo ?iioeuen?a cae?enithaaany ca
aeiiiiiaith inoeeeia?aoa, ia ao?ae yeiai iiaeaaaany neaiae c aaia?aoi?a
i?yiieooieo ?iioeuen?a. No?iaoaaiiy i?iiaiy IEA aeey iaea?aeaieo
no?iai?ioa?oa?ia?ai i?iaiaeeeinue ca aeiiiiiaith iioe/iiai iiaeoeyoi?a
Iienaia iioe/ia noaia iaeiieiiiiiaioiiai aieia?ao?/iiai ?ioa?oa?iiao?a
aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao ??aeeie ia ?iciiae?e aiie?ooae eieeaaiue
iiaa?oi? iaieiiee. Aeey ?ic?aooieo ia?ai?uaiiy U aeia?eueii? oi/ee
aeine?aeaeoaaii? iiaa?oi? cai?iiiiiaaia oi?ioea (1), yea a?aoiao?
aaiiao?e/i? ia?aiao?e aieia?ao?/iiai ?ioa?oa?iiao?a, e?eaecio iiaa?oi?
iaieiiee ? iaeie?iaa?i?noue aaeoi?a /ooeeaino? E ? aaeoi?a ia?ai?uaiiy
U.
U(wmetafile8? ??;???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
` ???&??yyyy?????Ayyy¶yyy`???????&??MathType???
???u?????????”????-?????ph????T™? ???u??
???????”????-????™????oa????-?????oe????=F???=F
???=6????@?????V???u?th??????
+wmetafile8? ??C???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????`@
???&??yyyy?????Ayyy·yyy?
???????&??MathType???
???u?????????”????-?????uh????Y™? ???u??
???????”????-????a™????/a????-?????/e????BF???B
F???B*????@?????/???u?th??????
aea On, Yn – eii?aeeiaoe niinoa?aaeaiiy, Oi, Yi – eii?aeeiaoe
ina?oeaiiy, N – iiia? ?ioa?oa?aioe?eii? nioae, ? – aeiaaeeia oaee?.
O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? i?aaenoaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy aeanieo
eieeaaiue ii?iaeiuei? oiieino?iii? oeee?iae?e/ii? eiinieueii cae??ieaii?
iaieiiee, ye? iathoue naiino?eia cia/aiiy. Oaeiae oe? ?acoeueoaoe i?e
iiaeaeueoeo aeine?aeaeaiiyo aeicaieeee a?eueo /?oei i?aaenoaaeoe ae?enio
ea?oeio aeeiai?/ii? aca?iiae?? oiieino?iii? i?oaeii? iaieiiee c
??aeeiith.
I?eaiaeyoueny ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue ii aecia/aiith aeanieo oi?i
eieeaaiue aeey o?ueio na??e iaieiiie c ia?aiao?aie L/R = 2,49; 2,09;
1,66, cae??ieaieo o aa?oeeaeueiiio iieiaeaii?. Ia ieaeiueiio e?ath
iaieiiee aeeiiai? a?aie/i? oiiae aei?noeiai cae??ieaiiy, aa?oi?e e?ae —
a?eueiee. Aenia?eiaioaeueii aecia/aeenue oi?ie eieeaaiue c
iaeneiaeueiith aiie?ooaeith ia?ai?uaiue a iai?yieo ii?iae? aei
na?aaeeiii? iiaa?oi? aeey e?eueeino? i?aoaeeue acaeiaae oa??ii? m = 1,2
? e?eueeino? i?aoaeeue ii eieo n = 4 /18, ye? i?aaenoaaeythoue
iaea?eueoee i?aeoe/iee ?ioa?an. Iaea?aeaii ?aaoey?iee niaeo? ia?oeo 16
oi?i eieeaaiue. Aeyaeaii, ui ?ioa?oa?aioe?eia ea?oeia aeine?aeaeoaaieo
oi?i eieeaaiue noaa?eueia. A ?aciiainiiio ?aaeei? eieeaaiue a?aenooiy
aeaoi?iaoe?y ?ioa?oa?aioe?eieo nioa, ui na?ae/eoue i?i ei?aeoi?noue
aeaioiaeaiiy iaieiiie. Onoaiiaeaii, ui aeey aeine?aeaeoaaieo o?ueio
na??e iaieiiie caa??aa?oueny caeiiii??i?noue oa?aeoa?o i?iaeio iiaa?oi?
iaieiiee a?aeiia?aeieo oi?i eieeaaiue.
I?eaiaeyoueny ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue /anoio aeanieo eieeaaiue aeey
o?ueio na??e iaieiiie c ia?aiao?aie L/R = 2,49; 2,09; 1,66, ?ici?uaieo
aa?oeeaeueii. Ia ieaeiueiio e?ath iaieiiee aeeiiai? oiiae aei?noeiai
cae??ieaiiy, aa?oi?e e?ae — a?eueiee. Iaea?aeaii ?aaoey?iee niaeo?
/anoio aeanieo eieeaaiue aeey aeine?aeaeoaaieo iaieiiie.
Aenia?eiaioaeueii i?aeoaa?aeaeaii, ui c? ci?iith aeiaaeeie iaieiiee
ci?ith?oueny i?i?iaeueia iniiaia /anoioa ? a?aeiia?aeia ?e oi?ia, a
oaeiae i?i?iaeuei?e /anoio? ia caaaeaee a?aeiia?aea? iaei?ino?oa oi?ia
eieeaaiue. Onoaiiaeaii, ui caeaaei?noue /anoioe oi?i eieeaaiue a?ae
ia?aiao?a iaieiiee L/R ? iiiioiiiith.
Aeey aeine?aeaeoaaieo iaieiiie i?eaaaeaii ?acoeueoaoe ?ic?aooie?a
i?i?iaeueii? iniiaii? /anoioe. Aeey ?ic?aooie?a aaoi?ii aeei?enoiaoaaany
iaoiae iine?aeiaieo iaaeeaeaiue ?c canoinoaaiiyi AII o aa??aio?,
iienaiiio a iiiia?ao?? ss.I.A?eai?aieii, A.E.Aaniaeiaith,
A.A.Eeoaeai?iaenueeei, A.E.Oeiea?ue. Naiaiaeiua eieaaaiey yeaiaioia
iaiei/a/iuo eiino?oeoeee. -E.: Iaoeiaa aeoiea, 1986. -N. 45-47.
?acoeueoaoe ?ic?aooie?a iniiaii? /anoioe ? aeaieo aenia?eiaioo,
iaea?aeaieo caeiaoaa/ai, iieacai? a oaaeeoe? 1. I?iaaaeaii ii??aiyiiy
?acoeueoao?a aenia?eiaioo ? /enaeueieo ?ic?aooie?a.
Oaaeeoey 1
Cia/aiiy iniiaii? i?i?iaeueii? /anoioe aeey L/R = 2,49; 2,09; 1,66
Ia?aiao?
iaieiiee L/R*anoioa f (Aoe)A?aeoeeaiiyf min oai?f min
aeni.2,49113511320,2%2,09128113817,2%1,66162016773,3%
Aaoi?ii i?iaaaeai? ?ic?aooiee iniiaii? /anoioe ca a?aeiieie oi?ioeaie,
ye? iieacai? a ?iaio? A.E.Aieueaeaiaaeca?a, A.A.Eeaeneiai, I.?.Oianoeea.
Naiaiaeiua eieaaaiey oiieeo oi?oaeo iaiei/ae. -I.: Iaoea, 1979. -N.
298-305. Aeey oeee?iae?e/ii? iaieiiee na?aaeiuei? aeiaaeeie (L/R = 2)
iaeiaioa iniiaia /anoioa aecia/aeanue ca oi?ioeith
wmetafile8? ??oe???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
a????&??yyyy?????Ayyyyyy@??
aea ? – /anoioiee ia?aiao?; ? = 1,875; h – iai?aoiaueia no?iee
iaieiiee; i – eiao?oe??io Ioanniia.
*anoioiee ia?aiao? ? ca’ycaiee c eieiaith /anoioith ? oi?ioeith
wmetafile8? ?????????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
????&??yyyy?????AyyyyyyA??I?????&??MathType??A?
???u?????????”????-?????@O???@¬???u?th??????aea n –
aonoeia iaoa??aeo iaieiiee; A – iiaeoeue THiaa.
C o?aooaaiiyi iaea?aeaieo aenia?eiaioaeueieo cia/aiue fmin,
ae?ac (3) i?eeia? aeaeyae
wmetafile8? ??¦???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
@???&??yyyy?????Ayyy®yyy???I?????&??MathType??A?
???u?????????”????-?????@???@u???u?th???????acoeueoaoe
?ic?aooie?a ca oi?ioeaie (2) i (4) i?aaenoaaeai? o aeaeyae? oaaeeoe? 2.
Oaaeeoey 2
Cia/aiiy /anoioiiai ia?aiao?a ?min aeey L/R = 2,49; 2,09; 1,66.
Ia?aiao?
iaieiiee L/R*anoioiee ia?aiao?A?aeoeeaiiye min oai?e min
aeni.2,491,8721,7814,8%2,092,6582,6460,4%1,664,2213,9027,5%
Ii??aiyiiy ?acoeueoao?a ?ic?aooie?a i?i?iaeueii? iniiaii? /anoioe
(oaae. 1) ? /anoioiiai ia?aiao?a (oaae. 2) c ?acoeueoaoaie aenia?eiaioo
aeicaiey? c?iaeoe aeniiaie i?i ei?aeoi?noue i?iaaaeaieo
aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue.
O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? aeena?oaoe?? i?aaenoaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe aecia/aiiy
aieeao ??aeeie ia aeani? oi?ie ? /anoioe eieeaaiue oiieino?iieo
eiinieueii cae??ieaieo iaieiiie, iaea?aeai? aeieeaaei? aeai? i?i
aiie?ooaeii-/anoioi? oa?aeoa?enoeee aeanieo eieeaaiue i?e /anoeiaiio ?
iiaiiio caiiaiaii? ?o ??aeeiith.
Aeyaeaii, ui i?e aeine?aeaeaii? aieeao ??aeeie ia oi?ie eieeaaiue
iaieiiie c e?euee?noth i?aoaeeue acaeiaae oa??ii? m = 1 ? e?euee?noth
i?aoaeeue ii eieo n = 4 ? 8 (L/R = 2,49) oa aeey m = 1; n = 4 ? 10 (L/R
= 2,09; 1,66) eii?aeeiaoa iaeneiaeueiiai ia?ai?uaiiy no?iie caeeoa?oueny
iaci?iiith ? ciaoiaeeoueny ia a?euei?e aa?oi?e e?iioe? iaieiiee.
Onoaiiaeaii, ui aeey oi?i eieeaaiue m = 1; n = 10 ? 18 (L/R = 2,49) ? m
= 1; n = 12 ? 18 (L/R = 2,09; 1,66) c? ci?iith ??aiy caiiaiaiiy iaieiiee
iaia?a?aii ci?ith?oueny eii?aeeiaoa iaeneiaeueiiai ia?ai?uaiiy no?iie
iaieiiee a?ae Z/L = 1 aei Z/L = 0,23, aea Z – a?aenoaiue acaeiaae
oa??ii? a?ae aeieua aei oi/ee ia iiaa?oi? iaieiiee. Aeey ?ethno?aoe??
oaeiai aieeao aea?aia oi?ia eieeaaiue c m = 1; n = 12 (L/R =
2,09), yea iieacaia ia ?en. 2. Ia ?en. 2 (a) i?aaenoaaeaia oi?ia
eieeaaiue ii?iaeiuei? iaieiiee, a ia ?en. 2 (a, a, a, ae, a) cia?aaeai?
oi?ie ?? eieeaaiue i?e ??aiyo caiiaiaiiy ??aeeiith H/L = 0,45; 0,63;
0,77; 0,81; 1, aea H – aenioa caiiaiaiiy ??aeeiith. O ii?iaeiuei?
iaieiiee iaeneiaeueia a?a?iia?ai?uaiiy ia? i?noea ia aa?oi?e a?euei?e
e?iioe?, a iio?i oi/ea iaeneiaeueiiai a?a?iia?ai?uaiiy iionea?oueny o
iai?yieo aeieua aei ??aiy caiiaiaiiy H/L = 0,63. I?e caiiaiaii?
a?ae H/L = 0,63 aei H/L = 1 oi/ea iaeneioio i?iaeio ia?ai?uo?oueny
aai?o ? i?e H/L = 1 iiaa?oa?oueny ia aa?oith a?eueio e?iieo.
Iieacaii, ui aaee/eia ci?uaiiy io/iino? eieeaaiue a iai?yieo aeieua
iaieiiee c?inoa? c? ca?eueoaiiyi e?eueeino? i?aoaeeue ii eieo.
?en. 2
I?e aeine?aeaeaii? aieeao ??aeeie ia oi?ie eieeaaiue
iaieiiee c e?euee?noth i?aoaeeue acaeiaae oa??ii? m = 2 ?
e?euee?noth i?aoaeeue ii eieo n = 4 ?18 aeyaeaii, ui c? ci?iith
??aiy caiiaiaiiy iaieiiee ??aeeiith iaia?a?aii iaiiiioiiii
ci?ith?oueny iieiaeaiiy aoceiai? eieiai? e?i?? i?ae aa?oiueith ?
ieaeiueith io/iinoyie, a oaeiae a?aeiioaiiy aiie?ooae o aa?oi?e ?
ieaei?e io/iinoyo eieeaaiue. Aeey ?ethno?aoe?? oaeiai aieeao ia ?en. 3
aea?aia oi?ia eieeaaiue m = 2; n = 14 (L/R = 2,09). Ia ?en. 3 (a)
i?aaenoaaeaia oi?ia eieeaaiue ii?iaeiuei? iaieiiee. I?e
caiiaiaii? iaieiiee ??aeeiith aei H/L = 0,45 (?en. 3 a, a, a)
iaia?a?aii ci?uo?oueny aoceiaa eieiaa e?i?y a iai?yieo aeieua iaieiiee ?
ciaioo?oueny a?aeiioaiiy aiie?ooaee ieaeiuei? io/iino? aei aiie?ooaee
aa?oiuei? io/iino?. Aeey ??ai?a caiiaiaiiy iaieiiee ??aeeiith
a?ae H/L = 0,45 aei H/L = 0,7 iieiaeaiiy aoceiai? eieiai? e?i?? ia
ci?ith?oueny, a?aeiioaiiy aiie?ooaee ieaeiuei? io/iino? aei aiie?ooaee
aa?oiuei? c?inoa?. I?e ??aiyo caiiaiaiiy a?ae H/L = 0,7 aei H/L = 1
aoceiaa eieiaa e?i?y ci?uo?oueny a iai?yieo a?eueii? e?iiee iaieiiee
(?en. 3 ae, a). Iieacaii, ui ci?ia iieiaeaiiy aoceiai? eieiai? e?i?? a
caeaaeiino? a?ae aeeaeie caiiaiaiiy H/L oa?aeoa?ia aeey o?ueio na??e
aeine?aeaeoaaieo iaieiiie. Iaea?aeai? /eneia? aeai? i?i eii?aeeiaoe
aoceiai? eieiai? e?i?? acaeiaae oa??ii? aeey ??ai?a caiiaiaiiy
??aeeiith H/L = 0 ? 1 (c e?ieii caiiaiaiiy 0,05L). Iaea?aeai?
?acoeueoaoe aeicaieeee noaa?aeaeoaaoe, ui aieea ??aeeie ia iieiaeaiiy
aoceiai? eieiai? e?i?? c?inoa? c? ca?eueoaiiyi e?eueeino? i?aoaeeue ii
eieo.
?en. 3
Iaeneiaeueia ci?uaiiy a iai?yieo aeieua iaieiiee aeey L/R = 2,49; 2,09;
1,66 c e?euee?noth i?aoaeeue m = 2; n = 4 a?aeiia?aeii aei??aith? 0,11L;
0,07L; 0,04L, a aeey m = 2; n = 18 — 0,39L, 0,35L, 0,34L.
Onoaiiaeaii, ui aeey aeine?aeaeoaaieo oi?i eieeaaiue o?ueio na??e
iaieiiie iaia?a?aii iaiiiioiiii ci?ith?oueny a?aeiioaiiy aiie?ooae o
aa?oi?e ? ieaei?e io/iinoyo a iaaeao 1 — 5,13 ?ac.
I?iaaaeaia e?euee?nia ?ioa?i?aoaoe?y ?ioa?oa?aioe?eii? ea?oeie
aeine?aeaeoaaieo oi?i eieeaaiue. Iiaoaeiaai? aith?e aac?ici??ieo
a?a?iia?ai?uaiue A iiaa?oi? iaieiiee acaeiaae oa??ii? Z/L aeey oi?i
eieeaaiue m = 1,2; n = 4 ? 18. Ia ?en. 4 iieacaia aith?a aeey
iaieiiee (L/R = 2,49) c e?euee?noth i?aoaeeue m = 1; n = 18 ?
ia ?en. 5 c m = 2; n = 18.
Iaea?aeai? ?acoeueoaoe na?ae/aoue i?i cia/iee aieea ??aiy ??aeeie a
iaieiioe? ia oi?ie a?eueieo eieeaaiue ? neeaaeiee oa?aeoa? oi?ie
i?iaeio iaieiiee a iiacaeiaaeiueiio iai?yieo. Io?eiai? aeai? i?i oi?io
iiaa?oi? iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? aeey ioe?iee aeiione?a
/enaeueii-aiae?oe/ieo iaoiae?a ?ica’yceo oaeeo caaea/.
I?aaenoaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe aecia/aiiy aieeao ??aeeie ia /anoioe aeanieo
eieeaaiue. Iieacaii, ui aeaiee aenia?eiaioaeueiee i?aeo?ae caaacia/o?
aeey aoaeue-yeiai caaeaiiai e?ieo caiiaiaiiy iaieiiee ??aeeiith
iia?aoeai?noue aecia/aiiy oi?ie eieeaaiue ? a?aeiia?aeii ?e aeanii?
/anoioe c oi/i?noth aei 1 Aoe. O i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiiyo cia/aiiy
aeanii? /anoioe aea?aii? oi?ie eieeaaiue aei??yee i?e ci?i?
??aiy caiiaiaiiy iaieiiee aiaeith a?ae H/L = 0 aei H/L = 1 c e?ieii
caiiaiaiiy 0,05L. ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue i?aaenoaaeai? o aeaeyae?
oaaeeoeue ? a?ao?e?a aeey o?ueio na??e iaieiiie. Cia/aiiy /anoioe
aeaii? oi?ie eieeaaiue f aeey ??ai?a caiiaiaiiy H/L i?eaiaeyoueny o
ii?iiaaiiio aeaeyae? f/fo, aea fo – /anoioa ii?iaeiuei? iaieiiee. Ia
?en. 6 iieacai? caeaaeiino? /anoioe oi?i eieeaaiue m = 1; n = 4 ?
18 ? ia ?en. 7 m = 2; n = 4 ? 18 iaieiiee (L/R = 2,49) a?ae ??aiy
caiiaiaiiy H/L.
?en. 4 ?en. 5
?en. 6
Anoaiiaeaii, ui cia/aiiy /anoioe aeanieo eieeaaiue a caeaaeiino? a?ae
??aiy caiiaiaiiy ??aeeiith H/L = 0 ? 1 aeey aeine?aeaeoaaieo oi?i
eieeaaiue m = 1,2; n = 4 ? 18 ci?ith?oueny iaiiiioiiii. Cia/aiiy /anoioe
aai ciaoiaeeoueny ia ai?eciioaeueiiio ieaoi aai ciaioo?oueny.
Cacia/aii, ui aieea ??aeeie ia /anoioe aeanieo eieeaaiue
a?eueo cia/iee aeey oi?i c iaioei /eneii n (?en. 6 a, 7 a).
Iaeneiaeueia ciaioaiiy aeanieo /anoio aeinyaa? 48% aeey m = 1; n = 4 ?
42% aeey m = 2; n = 4 i?e iiai?noth caiiaiai?e iaieiioe?. Aeyaeaii, ui c
i?aeaeuaiiyi ??aiy caiiaiaiiy, oi?ia eieeaaiue, yea a?aeiia?aea? ieaei?e
/anoio?, iiaea ci?ieoeny. O aeaiiio aeiaaeeo i?i?iaeuei?e /anoio?
a?aeiia?aea? oi?ia eieeaaiue c iaioith e?euee?noth i?aoaeeue ii eieo.
Cacia/aii, ui ia oa?aeoa? ci?ie /anoioe aieeaa? ci?uaiiy aoceiai?
eieiai? e?i?? i?ae aa?oiueith ? ieaeiueith io/iinoyie aeey m = 2
oa ci?ia eii?aeeiaoe iaeneiaeueiiai i?iaeio iiaa?oi? iaieiiee
acaeiaae oa??ii? aeey m = 1.
?en. 7
A aeaiiio ?icae?e? i?iaaaeaii aiae?c caeaaeiino? i?eaaaeaii? /anoioe
f/fmin (fmin – i?i?iaeueia /anoioa aeey ??aiy caiiaiaiiy H/L) a?ae
ia?aiao?a iaieiiee L/R. Onoaiiaeaii, ui aeey ??ai?a
caiiaiaiiy H/L = 0 / 1 ?c ca?eueoaiiyi ia?aiao?a L/R a?aeiioaiiy
f/fmin oi?i eieeaaiue iaieiiie c m = 1; n = 4, 6 ? m = 2; n = 4 /
8 iiiioiiii niaaea? oa aeey m = 1; n = 8 ? 18 ? m = 2; n = 10 ? 18
iiiioiiii c?inoa?.
I?aaenoaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe ?ic?aooie?a /anoioe aeanieo eieeaaiue
iiai?noth caiiaiaii? iaieiiee ca oi?ioeaie, ye? iienai? o ?iaio?
A.O.Iaoooeeia, E.N.?aoeiiaa. Eieaaaiey oeeeeiae?e/aneie iaiei/ee,
/anoe/ii caiieiaiiie aeeaeeinoueth // Eca. aocia. Aaeaoe. oaoieea. -? 3,
1964. -N. 75-78. *anoioo eieeaaiue iiaa?oi? u iiai?noth caiiaiaii?
iaieiiee, yea a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae /anoioe aeanieo eieeaaiue a?eueii?
iiaa?oi? ??aeeie, iiaeia iaea?aeaoe ?c ??aiyiiy
wmetafile8? ??©???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????`
???&??yyyy?????Ayyy?yyya?? ?????&??MathType??P
???u?????????”????-?????H???Y???O???y
???u?????????”????-????go???K ???u??
???????”????-????S ???nc???-????ni????M????
M????‘???-?????—???±???“???1/2???-????`?
???`Y???u?th??????
aea ui- /anoioa eieeaaiue ii?iaeiuei? iaieiiee; niae – aonoeia aiaee; h
– iai?aoiaueia no?iie iaieiiee; n – e?euee?noue oaeeue ii eieo; m –
e?euee?noue i?aoaeeue acaeiaae oa??ii?.
I?iaaaeaii ii??aiyiiy cia/aiue /anoio, iaea?aeaieo ca oi?ioeith (5) ? ca
?acoeueoaoaie aenia?eiaioo. Anoaiiaeaii caaeia?eueia ocaiaeaeaiiy
cia/aiue /anoio (a?aeoeeaiiy aei 10%) aeey oi?i eieeaaiue c e?euee?noth
i?aoaeeue ii eieo m = 1; n = 4 ?10 ? m = 2; n = 4 ?18. ?c ca?eueoaiiyi
e?eueeino? i?aoaeeue ii eieo n a?aeoeeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aenia?eiaioo ?
?ic?aooie?a /anoioe c?inoa? (iaeneiaeueia a?aeoeeaiiy 17% aeey m = 1; n
= 18). ?acoeueoaoe ii??aiyiiy iieacothoue iaae? canoinoaaiiy
?acoeueoao?a ?ic?aooie?a.
O aeniiaeao noi?ioeueiaaii iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy, a
aeiaeaoee i?noyoue aeaoaeuei? aeai? ?ica’ycaiiy caaea/ aeena?oaoe?eii?
?iaioe.
Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe ? aeniiaee
Aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeiai?ee nenoaie iaieiiea-??aeeia
aeicaieeee aeey ??cieo ??ai?a caiiaiaiiy iaea?aeaoe aeieeaaei?
a?aeiiino? i?i aiie?ooaeii-/anoioi? oa?aeoa?enoeee aeanieo eieeaaiue
oiieino?iieo oeee?iae?e/ieo eiinieueii cae??ieaieo iaieiiie.
Caaeia?eueia ni?aiaaeaiiy aeanieo /anoio eieeaaiue c a?aeiieie aeaieie
aeicaiey? noaa?aeaeoaaoe, ui cai?iiiiiaaiee aenia?eiaioaeueiee i?aeo?ae
?ica’yceo iinoaaeaieo caaea/ aea? aeinoia??i? ?acoeueoaoe.
Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe:
1. ?ic?iaeaii aenieioi/iee aoaeoeaiee aenia?eiaioaeueiee i?aeo?ae aeey
aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee cae??ieaieo iaieiiie c
??aeeiith.
2. Ia iniia? iaoiaeo no?iaiaieia?ao?/ii? ?ioa?oa?iiao??? i?iaaaeaii
eiiieaenia aeine?aeaeaiiy /anoio, oi?i oa aiie?ooae eieeaaiue eiinieueii
cae??ieaieo iaieiiie c ??aeeiith.
3. Iaea?aeaii niaeo? /anoio ? oi?i eieeaaiue iaieiiie c e?euee?noth
i?aoaeeue acaeiaae oa??ii? m = 1,2 oa e?euee?noth i?aoaeeue ii eieo n =
4 ? 18 c ia?aiao?aie L/R = 2,49; 2,09; 1,66 i?e ??aiyo caiiaiaiiy
a?ae H/L = 0 aei H/L = 1.
4. Onoaiiaeaii, ui c i?aeaeuaiiyi ??aiy caiiaiaiiy iaieiiee ??aeeiith
aaee/eia /anoioe ci?ith?oueny iaiiiioiiii. Cia/aiiy /anoioe
ciaoiaeeoueny ia ai?eciioaeueiiio ieaoi aai ciaioo?oueny. Iaeneiaeueia
ciaioaiiy aeanieo /anoio aeinyaa? 48% aeey m = 1; n = 4 ? 42% aeey m =
2; n = 4 i?e iiai?noth caiiaiai?e iaieiioe?.
5. Aeey oi?i eieeaaiue m = 1; n = 10 ? 18 ?c ci?iith aeeaeie
caiiaiaiiy iaia?a?aii ci?ith?oueny eii?aeeiaoa iaeneiaeueiiai
a?a?iia?ai?uaiiy no?iie iaieiiee a iaaeao Z/L = 1 / 0,23. Ci?ia
eii?aeeiaoe noa? a?eueoith ?c c?inoaiiyi ia?aiao?a L/R ? /enea i?aoaeeue
ii eieo n. Ine?eueee /anoioe ?aciiainieo eieeaaiue /ooeea? aei iaeeo
ci?i oi?ie eieeaaiue, oi/iee oai?aoe/iee ?ic?aooiie aeiaaa? o?aooaaiiy
oeeo ci?i i?e iiaiiio ? /anoeiaiio caiiaiaii? iaieiiee ??aeeiith.
6. C i?aeaeuaiiyi ??aiy caiiaiaiiy oi?ia eieeaaiue, yea a?aeiia?aea?
ieae/?e /anoio?, iiaea ci?ieoeny, oiaoi ciaioeoueny e?euee?noue
i?aoaeeue ii eieo, ine?eueee aieea ??aeeie ia aeani? /anoioe iaieiiee c
iaeei /eneii n a?eueo cia/iee, i?ae aieea ia /anoioe oi?i eieeaaiue c
a?eueo aenieei /eneii n.
7. Onoaiiaeaii, ui c? ca?eueoaiiyi ia?aiao?a L/R a?aeiioaiiy /anoioe
aeaiiai ??aiy caiiaiaiiy aei i?i?iaeueii? /anoioe oiai ae ??aiy
caiiaiaiiy ci?ith?oueny iiiioiiii. A?aeiioaiiy iiiioiiii niaaea? aeey
oi?i eieeaaiue c m = 1; n = 4, 6 ? m = 2; n = 4 ? 8 oa iiiioiiii
c?inoa? aeey m = 1; n = 8 ? 18 ? m = 2; n = 10 ? 18.
8. Aeey oi?i eieeaaiue iaieiiee c /eneii i?aoaeeue m = 2; n = 4 ?18
c? ca?eueoaiiyi ??aiy caiiaiaiiy iieiaeaiiy aoceiaiai
eiea iaia?a?aii ci?uo?oueny a?aeiinii iieiaeaiiy aoceiaiai eiea
iacaiiaiaii? iaieiiee. Aieea ??aeeie ia iieiaeaiiy aoceiaiai eiea
c?inoa? ?c ca?eueoaiiyi /enea i?aoaeeue ii eieo n. Iaeneiaeueia ci?uaiiy
o iai?yieo aeieua iaieiiee aeey L/R = 2,49; 2,09;1,66 c e?euee?noth
i?aoaeeue m = 2; n = 4 a?aeiia?aeii aei??aith? 0,11L; 0,07L, 0,04 L, a
aeey m = 2; n = 18 — 0,39L; 0,35L; 0,34L.
9. Anoaiiaeaii, ui aeey oi?i eieeaaiue m = 2; n = 4 ? 18 a?aeiioaiiy
aiie?ooae o aa?oi?e ? ieaei?e io/iinoyo ci?ith?oueny a 1 — 5,13 ?ac.
10. Aenia?eiaioaeueii i?aeoaa?aeaeaii oie a?aeiiee oaeo, ui c? ci?iith
aeiaaeeie iaieiiee ci?ith?oueny i?i?iaeueia iniiaia /anoioa ?
a?aeiia?aeia ?e oi?ia, a oaeiae i?i?iaeuei?e /anoio? ia caaaeaee
a?aeiia?aea? iaei?ino?oa oi?ia eieeaaiue.
11. Cai?iiiiiaaiee i?aeo?ae ia? oe?ie? iiaeeeaino? aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy
aeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iaieiiie c ??aeeiith i?e ?ioeo a?aie/ieo
oiiaao ? iiaea aooe aeei?enoaiee aeey ioe?iee aeiiouaiue iiaoaeiaaieo
oai?aoe/ieo iiaeaeae oa ioe?iee oi/iino? /enaeueii-aiae?oe/ieo iaoiae?a
?ica’ycaiiy a?aeiia?aeieo eean?a caaea/.
Ioae?eaoe?? ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe
1. Aoaeae A.Ae., Cieioie TH.A., Ia/a?aiei A.A. Eieaaaiey e?oaiaie
oeeeeiae?e/aeie iaiei/ee, caiieiaiiie aeeaeeinoueth. Ca??iee iaoeiaeo
i?aoeue OAeIOO. – Ieeiea?a: OAeIOO, 1998. – ? 4 (352). – N. 96-101.
2. Aoaeae A.Ae., Ia/a?aiei A.A. Yenia?eiaioaeueiia ii?aaeaeaiea aeeyiey
aeeaeeinoe ia nianoaaiiua eieaaaiey oiieinoaiiie oeeeeiae?e/aneie
iaiei/ee. Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue OAeIOO. – Ieeiea?a: OAeIOO, 1999. –
? 1 (361). – N. 134-139.
3. Aoaeae A.Ae., Ia/a?aiei A.A., Enneaaeiaaiey ?aciiainiuo naienoa
oeeeeiae?e/aneie iaiei/ee, caiieiaiiie aeeaeeinoueth. Ca??iee iaoeiaeo
i?aoeue OAeIOO. – Ieeiea?a: OAeIOO, 1999. – ? 2 (362). -N. 111-118.
4. A.n. 1754456 NNN? IAIE A 28 A 1/10, 1/08. Onoaiiaea aeey oi?ie?iaaiey
ecaeaeee ec aeenia?neiiiuo nianae / A.E.Aoeoo?, A.Ae.Aoaeae,
A.A.Ia/a?aiei, I.A.Oeaioo. -? 4841372/33. Cayaeaii 21.06.90. Iioae.
15.08.92. Athe. ? 30.
Aiioaoe?y
Ia/a?aiei A.A. Aenia?eiaioaeueia aecia/aiiy aieeao ??aeeie ia aeani?
eieeaaiiy oiieino?iieo iaieiiie. -?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 01.02.04 – iaoai?ea
aeaoi?i?aiiai oaa?aeiai o?ea Ee?anueeiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? Oa?ana
Oaa/aiea, Ee?a, 1999.
Aeena?oaoe?th i?enay/aii ieoaiiyi aeeiai?ee nenoaie iaieiiea-??aeeia. A
aeena?oaoe?? ?ic?iaeaiee aenieioi/iee aoaeoeaiee i?aeo?ae aeey
aeine?aeaeaiiy iniiaieo aeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee aeanieo eieeaaiue
iaieiiie c ??aeeiith, yeee ??oioo?oueny ia iaoiae? aieia?ao?/ii?
?ioa?oa?iiao???. Ia eiai iniia? io?eiai? aeieeaaei? aeai? i?i
aiie?ooaeii-/anoioi? oa?aeoa?enoeee aeanieo eieeaaiue eiinieueii
cae??ieaieo iaieiiie, /anoeiai ? iiai?noth caiiaiaieo ??aeeiith.
Aeyaeai? aoaeoe aieeao ??aeeie ia oi?ie, /anoioe ? aiie?ooaee aeanieo
eieeaaiue. ?aae?ciaaiee a ?iaio? i?aeo?ae ia? oe?ie? iiaeeeaino? aeey
aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeiai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iaieiiie ??cii? oi?ie ?
no?oeoo?e c ??aeeiith i?e ??ciiiai?oieo a?aie/ieo oiiaao ? iiaea aooe
aeei?enoaiee aeey ioe?iee aeiiouaiue iiaoaeiaaieo oai?aoe/ieo iiaeaeae
oa ioe?iee oi/iino? /enaeueii aiae?oe/ieo iaoiae?a ?ica’ycaiiy
a?aeiia?aeieo eean?a caaea/.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: oiieino?iia oeee?iae?e/ia iaieiiea, ??aeeia, aeani?
eieeaaiiy, aieia?ao?/ia ?ioa?oa?iiao??y.
Annotation
Ovsharenko A.V. Exerimental defining of the influence of liquid on the
inner vibration of thin-walled envelopes.
Dissertation paper for the scientific degree of the candidate of physic
and mathematics sciences.
Speciality 01.02.04 – mechanics of the deformed solid body.
The Kyiv University named after Taras Shevchenko, Kyiv, 1999.
The dissertation paper is devoted to the questions of dynamic of the
system “envelope – liquid’.
The highly-precise effective approach to the investigation of the main
dynamic features of inner vibrations of envelopes with liquid which is
grounded upon the method of holographic interferometery is worked out in
this dissertation paper. On the basis of this approach detailed data on
the amplitude-frequency characteristics
of the inner vibrations of the enveloped filled with liquid fully or
partially and attached consolly are being defined. The effects of the
influence of liquid on the farms, frequency and amplitudes of the inner
vibrations are revealed.
The approach realized in the work makes it possible to investigate
dynamic features of variously shaped envelopes with liquid under
versatile boundary circumstances and can be used for making conclusions
about approximations of the built theoretical modes and about the
accuracy of the figure-analytic methods of solving corresponding groups
of tasks.
Key-words: a thin-walled cylindrical envelope, liquid, inner vibration,
holographic interferometery.
Aiiioaoeey
Ia/a?aiei A.A. Yenia?eiaioaeueiia ii?aaeaeaiea aeeyiey aeeaeeinoe ia
nianoaaiiua eieaaaiey oiieinoaiiuo iaiei/ae. – ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa
oeceei-iaoaiaoe/aneeo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 01.02.04 – iaoaieea
aeaoi?ie?iaaiiiai oaa?aeiai oaea Eeaaneiai oieaa?neoaoa eiaie Oa?ana
Oaa/aiea, Eeaa, 1999.
Aeenna?oaoeeiiiay ?aaioa iinayuaia ii?aaeaeaieth iniiaiuo aeeiaie/aneeo
oa?aeoa?enoee oiieinoaiiuo iaiei/ae, a oaeaea eco/aieth yooaeoia aeeyiey
aeeaeeinoe ia aiieeooaeii-/anoioiua oa?aeoa?enoeee nianoaaiiuo eieaaaiee
eiinieueii cae?aieaiiuo oeeeeiae?e/aneeo iaiei/ae. Aaaeiie e aeooaeueiie
caaea/ae yaeyaony aeaoaeueiue e a iaeneiaeueiie noaiaie oi/iue o/ao
oaeoi?ia, aeeythueo ia oa?aeoa? nianoaaiiuo eieaaaiee iaiei/ae, /anoe/ii
e iieiinoueth caiieiaiiuo aeeaeeinoueth. Aeey ?aoaiey yoie caaea/e
i?aaeeiaeai aunieioi/iue yooaeoeaiue iiaeoiae ia iniiaa iaoiaea
no?iaiaieia?aoe/aneie eioa?oa?iiao?ee. Iieo/ai ?aaoey?iue niaeo? ia?auo
oanoiaaeoeaoe /anoio e oi?i eieaaaiee iacaiieiaiiuo iaiei/ae, i?e
enneaaeiaaiee eioi?uo onoaiiaeaii, /oi eioa?oa?aioeeiiiay ea?oeia oi?i
eieaaaiee noaaeeueia, aeaoi?iaoeey eioa?oa?aioeeiiiuo iiein ionoonoaoao.
Yoi naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i ei??aeoiinoe ecaioiaeaiiuo iaiei/ae. Iaeaeaii,
/oi aeey enneaaeoaiuo ionouo iaiei/ae nio?aiyaony caeiiiia?iinoue
oa?aeoa?a i?iaeaia iiaa?oiinoe iaiei/ee niioaaonoaothueo oi?i eieaaaiee.
Yenia?eiaioaeueii iiaeoaa?aeaeaii, /oi n eciaiaieai aeeeiu iaiei/ee
eciaiyaony ieieiaeueiay iniiaiay /anoioa e niioaaonoaothuay ae oi?ia
eieaaaiee. Aeey enneaaeoaiuo iaiei/ae i?iaaaeai ?an/ao ieieiaeueiie
iniiaiie /anoiou iaoiaeii iineaaeiaaoaeueiuo i?eaeeaeaiee n iiiiuueth
YAI, a oaeaea /anoioiiai ia?aiao?a ii ecaanoiui oi?ioeai. N?aaiaiea
?acoeueoaoia ?an/aoa n iieo/aiiuie aaoi?ii aeaiiuie yenia?eiaioa
iicaieyao naeaeaoue auaiae ia eo oaeiaeaoai?eoaeueiii niaiaaeaiee.
Iieo/ai ?aaoey?iue niaeo? ia?auo oanoiaaeoeaoe /anoio e oi?i eieaaaiee
eiinieueii cae?aieaiiuo iaiei/ae aeey ?acee/iuo o?iaiae caiieiaiey
aeeaeeinoueth. Iino?iaiu yith?u aac?acia?iiai aea?iia?aiauaiey
iiaa?oiinoe. Auyaeaii cia/eoaeueiia aeeyiea o?iaiy aeeaeeinoe ia oi?iu
eieaaaiee e neiaeiue oa?aeoa? i?iaeaia iiaa?oiinoe iaiei/ee a
i?iaeieueiii iai?aaeaiee. Onoaiiaeaia iaiiiioiiiinoue eciaiaiey
aea?iia?aiauaiee iiaa?oiinoe iaiei/ee a io/iinoyo eieaaaiee.
Ii?aaeaeaii, /oi cia/aiea /anoiou nianoaaiiuo eieaaaiee a caaeneiinoe io
o?iaiy caiieiaiey eciaiyaony iaiiiioiiii. Cia/aiea /anoiou eaaeeo eeai
ia ai?eciioaeueiii ieaoi, eeai oiaiueoaaony. Iaeneiaeueiia oiaiueoaiea
/anoio iaia?oaeaii i?e iieiinoueth caiieiaiiie iaiei/ea aeey oi?i
eieaaaiee n iaiueoei /eneii iieoaiei ii e?oao. Onoaiiaeaii, /oi ia
oa?aeoa? eciaiaiey /anoiou aeeyao niauaiea iieiaeaiey oceiaie e?oaiaie
eeiee iaaeaeo io/iinoyie eieaaaiee e cia/aiea eii?aeeiaou
iaeneiaeueiiai i?iaeaa iiaa?oiinoe iaiei/ee a i?iaeieueiii iai?aaeaiee.
Yenia?eiaioaeueii iiaeoaa?aeaeaii, /oi n oaaee/aieai o?iaiy caiieiaiey
oi?ia eieaaaiee, niioaaonoaothuay ieieiaeueiie /anoioa, iiaeao
eciaieoueny. A aeaiiii neo/aa oiaiueoaaony eiee/anoai iieoaiei ii
ie?oaeiinoe.
I?iaaaeai ?an/ao /anoio nianoaaiiuo eieaaaiee iieiinoueth caiieiaiiuo
iaiei/ae ii ecaanoiui oi?ioeai. Onoaiiaeaiu a?aieoeu
oaeiaeaoai?eoaeueiiai niaeaniaaiey ?an/aoiuo aeaiiuo n ?acoeueoaoaie
yenia?eiaioa.
?aaeeciaaiiue a ?aaioa iiaeoiae eiaao oe?ieea aiciiaeiinoe aeey
enneaaeiaaiey aeeiaie/aneeo oa?aeoa?enoee iaiei/ae ?aciie oi?iu e
no?oeoo?u i?e ?acee/iuo a?aie/iuo oneiaeyo. Ii iiaeao auoue eniieueciaai
aeey ioeaiee aeiioneia iino?iaiey oai?aoe/aneeo iiaeaeae, a oaeaea
oi/iinoe /eneaiii-aiaeeoe/aneeo iaoiaeia ?aoaiey niioaaonoaothueo
caaea/.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: oiieinoaiiay oeeeeiae?e/aneay iaiei/ea, aeeaeeinoue,
nianoaaiiua eieaaaiey, aieia?aoe/aneay eioa?oa?iiao?ey.
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