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Епізоотологічні особливості туберкульозу великої рогатої худоби в умовах Cтепу України, удосконалення діагностики та боротьби: Автореф. дис… канд. в

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OE?A?INUeEA AEAAeAI?ss AA?A?IEO IAOE

?INOEOOO AENIA?EIAIOAEUeII? ? EE?I?*II? AAOA?EIA?II? IAAeEOeEIE

Ei?ieaiei Eaii?ae Naiaiiae/

OAeE 619:616.98.579.873.21:636.2

AI?CIIOIEIA?*I? INIAEEAINO? OOAA?EOEUeICO AAEEEI?

?IAAOI? OOAeIAE A OIIAAO NOAIO OE?A?IE,

OAeINEIIAEAIIss Ae?AAIINOEEE OA AI?IOUeAE

16.00.08 – ai?ciioieia?y oa ?ioaeoe?ei? oai?iae

A a o i ? a o a ? a o

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa aaoa?eia?ieo iaoe

Oa?e?a – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien

?iaioa aeeiiaia a Aei?i?iiao?ianueeiio aea?aeaaiiio aa?a?iiio
oi?aa?-neoao?

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee – eaiaeeaeao aaoa?eia?ieo iaoe, aeioeaio Oea/aiei
Ieaen?e Aiae??eiae/, Aei?i?iiao?ianueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee
oi?aa?neoao, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e ai?ciioieia?? oa ?ioaeoe?eieo oai?ia

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? aaoa?eia?ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, Eann?/ TH??e
sseiae/ ?inoeooo aenia?eiaioaeueii? ? ee?i?/ii? aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie
OAAI, i?ia?aeiee ni?a?ia?o-iee eaai?aoi??? aea/aiiy ooaa?eoeueico;

aeieoi? aaoa?eia?ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Ao?ye ?aaai ?aaiiae/, Iaeanueeee
aea?aeaaiee n?euenueeiainiiaea?-nueeee ?inoeooo, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e
i?e?ia?ieia?? oa a??onieia??.

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: Oa?e?anueeee ciiaaoa?eia?iee ?inoeooo I?i?noa?noaa
AIE Oe?a?ie, eaoaae?a ai?ciioieia??, aeiiii?ee ? i?aai?caoe??
aaoa?eia?ii? ni?aae, i. Oa?e?a

Caoeno aeena?oaoe?? a?aeaoaeaoueny 24 /a?aiy 1999 ?ieo ia can?aeai?
niaoe?ae?ci-aaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 64.359.01 i?e ?inoeooo?
aenia?eiaioaeueii? ? ee?i?/ii? aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie OAAI ca
aae?anith: 310023, i. Oa?e?a, aoe. Iooe?inueea, 83.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny a a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo
aenia?eiaioaeueii? ? ee?i?/ii? aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie /i. Oa?e?a, aoe.
Iooe?inueea, 83/.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee 24 o?aaiy 1999 ?ieo

A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?-

ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee, aeieoi?

aaoa?eia?ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
Eiia?aeaanueeee E.?.

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. ?ic?iaeai? caoiaee i?io?eaeoeee ? ai?ioueae,
oaeineiiaethth/enue c /anii /?.A. I?aeaeoanueeee ? ni?aaao., 1966; ?.O.
Ia/aaeue, 1989; ?.?. Ao?ye, 1997; A.?. Caaai?iaei?e, 1997; TH.ss. Eann?/
? ni?aaao., 1996, 1997/, c o?aooaaiiyi iiaeo aeaieo noiniaii ao?ieia??,
ai?ciioieia??, ae?aaiinoeee caoai?thaaiiy, aeathoue ciiao e?ea?aeoaaoe
ooaa?eoeueicio ?ioaeoe?th ia o?eueee a iaaeao ainiiaea?-noaa, ?aeiia,
iaeano? /A.I. Caei?aeiiaoeue ? ni?aaao., 1984; I.I. Aeinoi?anueeee,
1997/, aea e a oe?eiio a e?a?i? /I.S. Vanlein, M.A. Essey, 1996/.

Aiaeii/an, a 1990-1993 ??. ooaa?eoeueic ?a?no?oaaany a a?eueoino? e?a?i
na?oo a?ae 0,002% a NOA aei 52% a Ia?o /I. Pavlik, 1996/, ui na?ae/eoue
i?i ?nio-aaiiy, ua e a oaia??oi?e /an, i?iaeaie c oeueiai ieoaiiy ia
iaaieo oa?eoi??yo. Oea iaiineoue ainiiaea?noaai cia/ieo aeiiii?/ieo
caeoe?a /A.I. Einieaiia,1997/ oa, aac noii?ao, noai?th? iino?eio caa?ico
ca?aaeaiiy caoaeieeii ooaa?eoeueico ethaeeie. Aiciioe/i?noue
caoai?thaaiiy, yea oi?io?oueny ia ie?aieo oa?eoi??yo iio?aao?
?aoaeueiiai aea/aiiy eiai ai?ciioieia?? oa, ia i?aenoaa? oeueiai,
?ic?ia-eaiiy, c o?aooaaiiyi ?aa?iiaeueieo ?oo?eieo oaeoi??a
ai?ciioe/iiai i?ioeano, iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaii? nenoaie i?io?eaeoeee oa
ai?ioueae c oai?iaith aac can-oinoaaiiy aaeoeeie, oae ye noiniaii ??
aoaeoeaiino? ?niothoue i?ioeeaaei? aeoiee /TH.ss. Eann?/ ? ni?aaao.,
1981; I.A. Nao?i, 1982; A.I. Buddle et al., 1995/.

Aac noii?ao, aoaeoeaiino? i?ioeooaa?eoeueicieo caoiae?a ni?ey? oi/ia oa
nai?/ania ae?aaiinoeea. Iniaeeai aeooaeueiei oea ieoaiiy aeieeei a
inoaii? aea-nyoe??//y c iiyaith i?eiaaeoa??icii? ?ioaeoe??, iaoiiaeaii?
ie?aieie aeaeaie aoeiiaeo i?eiaaeoa??e /I.A. Ia?oia, E.E. Oyoian, 1986;
A.I. O?aai ? ni?aaao., 1986; I.N. Aeii/aiei, 1989; I.I. Iaae??iei, 1991;
I.A. Oea/aiei, 1988,1999/.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeine?ae-aeaiiy
i?iaiaeeeeny ia caiiaeaiiy Aei?i?iiao?ianueei? iaeanii? aea?aeaaii?
aaei?-i?no?aoe?? /?3 – 332 a?ae 4 n?/iy 1996 ?./ oa ca?aeii iaoeiaeo
ieai?a eaoaae?e ai?ciioieia?? Aei?i?iiao?ianueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo /1996-1999 ??./.

Iaoa oa caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aieiaiith iaoith iaoeo aeine?aeaeaiue ?
aec-ia/aiiy ai?ciioieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae ooaa?eoeueico aaeeei? ?iaaoi?
ooaeiae a Aei?i?iiao?ianuee?e iaeano?, oaeineiiaeaiiy ae?aaiinoeee ?
?ic?iaea iaoeiai iaa-?oioiaaii? nenoaie i?io?eaeoeee oa ai?ioueae.

O ca’yceo c oeei caaea/aie aeine?aeaeaiiy aoee:

1. Aea/eoe aeeiai?eo ai?ciioe/iiai i?ioeano ooaa?eoeueico aaeeei?
?iaaoi? ooaeiae ? aeaoe ai?ciioieia?/io ioe?ieo aoaeoeaiino?
i?ioeai?ciioe/ieo caoiae?a a Aei?i?iiao?ianuee?e iaeano? ca inoaii? 34
?iee /1965-1998 ??./;

2. Aeine?aeeoe ai?ciioieia?/i? iniaeeaino? i?iyao ooaa?eoeueico oa
anoaii-aeoe iniiai? i?e/eie o?eaaeiai iaaeaaiiieo//y ainiiaea?noa;

3. Aecia/eoe ai?ciioieia?/io aoaeoeai?noue aaeoeeie BCG a /an? ??
oe?i-eiai ae?iaie/iai canoinoaaiiy a nenoai? icaei?ia/eo caoiae?a;

4. I?iaanoe aea/aiiy aeoeaiino? oa niaoeeo?/iino? IIAe-ooaa?eoe?io aeey
nnaaoe?a Eo?nueei? a?ioaa?eee oa o??ie “A?ieae”;

5. Aeine?aeeoe aaeoa??ieia?/io aoaeoeai?noue noaiaea?oiiai ?
aaeineiiaeaii-ai ooo/iiai aeeaeeueiiai na?aaeiaeua Eaaaiooaeia-??inaia;

6. Aecia/eoe aeiiii?/i? caeoee a?ae ooaa?eoeueico aaeeei? ?iaaoi?
ooaeiae;

7. ?ic?iaeoe nenoaio eiiieaenieo iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaieo caoiae?a
i?io?-eaeoeee oa ai?ioueae c ooaa?eoeueicii aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Aia?oa ia i?ioyc? 34 ??/-iiai
ia??iaeo aecia/aia aeeiai?ea ai?ciioe/iiai i?ioeano ooaa?eoeueico
aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae a Aei?i?iiao?ianuee?e iaeano? oa i?aaenoaaeaia
ai?ciioieia?/ia oa?aeoa?enoeea i?ioeai?ciioe/ieo caoiae?a, ui
i?iaiaeyoueny.

Iieacaii caeaaei?noue i?iyao ooaa?eoeueico a?ae a?eo oaa?ei oa
o?eaaeino? iaaeaaiiieo//y noaae a?ae ?io?eiaaiino? ia?iaeaeaiiai
iieiaeiyea i?eiaaeoa??yie.

A?aei?/aii, ui ia /anoioo i?iyao aea?a?/ieo ?aaeoe?e o aaeeei? ?iaaoi?
ooaeiae aieeaa? ia eeoa e?aoi?noue ooaa?eoe?i?caoe?e, ye?noue aiae?ae?
aea e ??aaiue ?aca?aii? eoaeiino? ne?iaaoee e?ia? oaa?ei.

Iieacaii, ui a oiiaao ainiiaea?noa Aei?i?iiao?ianueei? iaeano? eeoa o
88,8-94,7% ?ioi?ciaaieo aaeoeeiith BCG iieiaeeo oaa?ei niinoa??aa?oueny
noe-ioeyoe?y ?ioiiaaiaco, a o ei??a oeae iieaciee noaiiaeoue – 40-60%.

Aia?oa a oiiaao Oe?a?ie anoaiiaeaii, ui a i?aai?ci? ?ioi?ciaaieo
?aaaoth/eo ? ia?aaaoth/eo ia IIAe-ooaa?eoe?i aeey nnaaoe?a oaa?ei
ia?nenoothoue i?eiaaeoa??? ooaa?eoeueico, ye? aeineoue /anoi
aeae?eythoueny c iieieii /40-60%/.

Canoinoaaiiy aaeoeeie BCG ia ni?ey? cieaeaiith /anoioe
iaoieiaiaiaoi-i?/iiai i?iyao oai?iae oa a?aeiia?aeii iai?oaeaiino?
ai?ciioe/iiai i?ioeano oo-aa?eoeueico a oe?eiio.

Anoaiiaeaia ??cieoey a niaoeeo?/iino? oa aeoeaiino? ooaa?eoe?i?a
Eo?nueei? a?ioaa?eee oa o??ie “A?ieae” /i. Oa?e?a/, ye?
aeei?enoiaothoueny aeey ae?aaiinoe-ee ooaa?eoeueico oaa?ei ainiiaea?noa
Oe?a?ie.

Aia?oa a oiiaao ae?iaieoeoaa aea/aia aaeoa??ieia?/ia ae?aaiinoe/ia
oe?i-i?noue oaeineiiaeaiiai aeeaeeueiiai na?aaeiaeua Eaaaiooaeia-??inaia
oa aecia-/ai?, a oiiaao iiai? Iaoe?iiaeueii? a?ioiai? iaeeieoe?,
aeiiii?/i? caeoee a?ae oo-aa?eoeueico.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Anoaiiaeai?
ai?ciioiei-a?/i? iniaeeaino? ooaa?eoeueico aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae a
Aei?i?iiao?ianuee?e ia-eano? aeaee iiaeeea?noue ?ic?iaeoe eiiieaenio
nenoaio iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaieo caoiae?a i?io?eaeoeee oa ai?ioueae c
oai?iaith. ?? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ni?ey? ia’?e-oeai?e ioe?ioe? oa
i?iaaaeaiith i?ioeai?ciioe/ieo caoiae?a, iai?aaeaieo ia noa-a?e?caoe?th
ai?ciioe/ii? neooaoe?? ? aeei?aiaiiy ooaa?eoeueico oaa?ei. Iniiaith
nenoaie ? i?io?eaeoeea caiino caoaeieea a ainiiaea?noai, iia?aoeaia
ooi/iaiiy ae?enii? i?e/eie aea?a?/ieo ?aaeoe?e, nai?/ania aeyaeaiiy
?io?eiaaieo oa oai-?eo oaa?ei ia ooaa?eoeueic, ?o ?cieyoe?y oa caa?e,
iaaeiiouaiiy ca?aaeaiiy ia?iae-aeaiiai iieiaeiyea /iieiceaii oa iieieii,
eiioai?iiaaiiai caoaeieeii ooaa?-eoeueico/, i?aeaeuaiiy i?e?iaeii?
no?eeino? ni?eeiyoeeaiai iiaie?a’y oa ye?nia i?iaaaeaiiy caeeth/ieo
icaei?ia/eo caoiae?a.

Aecia/aiiy a?eiai? no?oeoo?e caoai?thaaiino? oaa?ei ooaa?eoeueicii aea?
i?aenoaao i?iiiioaaoe AeAeAI Oe?a?ie i?iaiaeeoe aea?a?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy
oaa?ei c i’yoe-oanoei?ny/iiai a?eo.

Aea/aiiy ai?ciioieia?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? aaeoeeie BCG ni?eyei
a?aoiai-oiaai?e ioe?ioe? ai?ciioe/ii? neooaoe?? ? i?ecoieiaiith ??
aeei?enoaiiy a ae?ia-ie/eo oiiaao.

Aeai? aecia/aiiy aeoeaiino? ? niaoeeo?/iino? ooaa?eoe?i?a oa
aaeoa??iei-a?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? oaeineiiaeaiiai ooo/iiai aeeaeeueiiai
na?aaeiaeua Eaaai-ooaeia-??inaia aeaee i?aenoaao ?aeiiaiaeoaaoe AeAeAI
Oe?a?ie aianoe a?aeii-a?aei? ci?ie, i?ney eii?n?eii? ia?aa??ee
iaea?aeaieo aeaieo, o ii?iaoeaii-oao-i?/i? aeieoiaioe – aeei?enoiaoaaoe
aeey aea?a?/ii? ae?aaiinoeee ooaa?eoe?i o??-ie “A?ieae” /i. Oa?e?a/, a
aeey aaeoa??ieia?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue-oaeineiiaeaia ooo/-ia aeeaeeueia
na?aaeiaeua Eaaaiooaeia-??inaia.

Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue oa?eoee a ii?iaoeaii-oaoi?/iee
aeieo-iaio, caoaa?aeaeaiee oi?aae?iiyi aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie
Aei?i?iiao?ianueei? iaeanii? aea?aeaaii? aaei?i?no?aoe??: Nenoaia
eiiieaenieo iaoeiai iaa?oioiaa-ieo caoiae?a i?io?eaeoeee oa ai?ioueae c
ooaa?eoeueicii aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae /1996 ?./.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Aeena?oaio naiino?eii aeeiiaa an? iniiai?
aeine?aeaeaiiy, i?iaiae?coaaa ?o ?acoeueoaoe ? iaa?oiooaaa iaoeia?
aeniiaee. Aae-oa??ieia?/ia ae?aaiinoeea i?iaaaeaia o ni?ai?aoe? c
ni?a?ia?oieeaie Aei?i?iiao-?ianueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue. Iaoa??aee aeena?oaoe??
aeiiia?aeaeenue ? iaaiai?thaaeenue ia iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo
i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaea-oeueeiai neeaaeo oa can?aeaiiyo a/aii? ?aaee
Aei?i?iiao?ianueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa-?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo /1996-1999
??./; ??/ieo cai?ao c i?aenoie?a ?iaioe aaoa-?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie Oe?a?ie
/1996 ?./; eieaa?? AeAeAI Oe?a?ie /1997-1999 ??./; ?anioae?eainueeeo,
iaeanieo ? eouiaeo nai?ia?ao /Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, 1996-1999 ??.; Ee?a,
1997 ?./.

Ioae?eaoe??. Ii oai? aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 5 ae?oeiaaieo ?ia?o, a
oiio /ene? 4 o i?io?eueiaaiiio aeo?iae? /Aaoa?eia?ia iaaeeoeeia
Oe?a?ie/, iaeei ia-oiaee/iee iin?aiee /Neoaea? aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie/.

Ia’?i oa no?oeoo?a ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y aeeeaaeaia ia 147 noi??ieao
ia-oeiiieno, ?ethno?iaaia 28 oaaeeoeyie, 6 ?enoieaie. Aiia neeaaea?oueny
?c anooio, iaeyaeo e?oa?aoo?e, aeanieo aeine?aeaeaiue, iaaiai?aiiy
?acoeueoao?a, aeniiae?a, i?aeoe/ieo i?iiiceoe?e, nieneo e?oa?aoo?e, yeee
iae?/o? 268 aeaea?ae, o oiio /ene? 54 ?iicaiiith iiaith oa aeiaeaoeo.

AEANI? AeINE?AeAEAIIss

Iaoa??ae oa iaoiaee

?iaioo aeeiioaaee ia eaoaae?? ai?ciioieia?? oa ?ioaeoe?eieo oai?ia ? a
iaa/aeueii-aeine?aei?e eaai?aoi??? aea/aiiy i?iaeai ooaa?eoeueico
Aei?i?iiao-?ianueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo, a oaeiae a
ainiiaea?noaao Aei?i?i-iao?ianueei? iaeano? a 1996-1999 ??.

Aiae?c ai?ciioe/ii? neooaoe?? ii ooaa?eoeueico aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae
i?i-aiaeeee a?aeiia?aeii iaoiaee/ieo aeac?aie ?.A. Aaeoeiaa /1979/; A.I.
Eeoaeia ? A.I. ss?/oea /1994/. Iaoa??aeii aoee aeieoiaioe ca?oiino?
aea?aeaaii? neoaeae aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie ca 1965-1998 ??.,
?acoeueoaoe aeanieo aea?a?/ieo aein-e?aeaeaiue oa aaoa?eia?ii-nai?oa?ii?
aenia?oece oaa?ei, caaeoeo a ainiiaea?noaao, aeai? eaai?aoi?iiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy a?ieia?/iiai iaoa??aeo.

Anoaiiaeaiiy oaeoi??a, ye? ni?eythoue aeieeiaiith ooaa?eoeueico a
ainii-aea?noaao i?iaiaeeee oeyoii ianoaaeaiue 34 ainiiaea?noa,
iaaeaaiiieo/ieo uiaei ooaa?eoeueico /1996-1998 ??./, ca o?aae?oe?eiith a
aaoa?eia?i?e iaaeeoeei? iaoiaee-eith.

Caaaeueio oa?aeoa?enoeeo a?eiai? no?oeoo?e caoai?thaaiino? oaa?ei ia
oo-aa?eoeueic aecia/eee a aeeiai?oe? aea?a?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue 25435
oaa?ei, a oiio /ene? 11394 ei??a 20 iaaeaaiiieo/ieo ioieo?a, a /anoioo
i?iyao ?ioaeoe?? – o 2091 oaa?eie c 2 i?ny/iiai a?eo.

O ??ciia?eiaeo ei??a, ?aaaoth/eo ia IIAe-ooaa?eoe?i aeey nnaaoe?a
aecia-/aee /anoioo i?iyao ooaa?eoeueico.

Aeey aecia/aiiy ai?ciioieia?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? ae?iaie/iai canoinoaaiiy
aaeoeeie BCG a nenoai? icaei?ia/eo caoiae?a i?e ooaa?eoeueic? aaeeei?
?iaaoi? ooaeiae, a oiio /ene? /anoioe aaeaioaoe?? i?eiaaeoa??e ooaio BCG
uiaei i?aa-i?cio ??ciia?eiaeo oaa?ei i?iaaaeaii aeine?aee a 2
aeaaiiieo/ieo ? 3 iaaea-aiiieo/ieo uiaei ooaa?eoeueico ainiiaea?noaao,
ca?aeii ianoaiiae “Ii canoino-aaiith aaeoeeie BCG i?e ooaa?eoeueic?
aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae” /1990?./. Aeei-?enoaii 173 oaa?eie, o oiio
/ene? 10 ei??a. Ie??i oeueiai, ia naie ei?iaao aeaaiiieo/iiai
ainiiaea?noaa aei?iaoaaee aieea iiaeai?ii? aeice aaeoeeie ia aaeaioeaio
caeaoi?noue i?eiaaeoa??e uiaei i?aai?cio.

*anoioo ia?nenoaioe?? ? aeae?eaiiy i?eiaaeoa??e ae/a/iai aeaeo c
i?aai?cio ?ioi?ciaaii? aaeoeeiith BCG aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae,
?aaaoth/i? ? ia?aaaoth/i? ia IIAe-ooaa?eoe?i aeey nnaaoe?a, aecia/aee
eaai?aoi?iei aeine?aeaeaiiyi 20 i?ia a?ieia?/iiai iaoa??aeo /e?ioaoe/i?
aocee/ oa 10 – iieiea.

Oaiaeaioe?th ?ioaineaieo iieaciee?a ai?ciioe/iiai i?ioeano ooaa?eoeueico
aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae, ?ioi?ciaaii? aaeoeeiith BCG, aecia/aee ye a
ie?aieo ainiiaea?noaao, oae ? a ianoaa? iaeiiai ?aeiio ia aac? 16
iaaeaaiiieo/ieo ioi-eo?a /1988-1994 ??./.

Aeey ioe?iee niaoeeo?/iino? oa aeoeaiino? na??eiiai ae?iaieoeoaa
ooaa?eo-e?i?a Eo?nueei? a?ioaa?eee oa o??ie “A?ieae” /i.Oa?e?a/ i?e
ae?aaiinoeoe? i?ei-aaeoa??aeueieo ?ioaeoe?e aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae,
i?iaaaeaii aeine?aee ia oaa?eiao i’yoe iaaeaaiiieo/ieo ? o?ueio
aeaaiiieo/ieo uiaei ooaa?eoeueico ainiiaea?noa, a oaeiae a iaeiiio -,
iiaie?a’y yeiai a?eueia a?ae ?ioaeoe??. Neioeueoaiith i?iaith
aeine?aeaeaii 2694 oaa?eie ? i?iaiae?ciaaii aea?a?/i? ?aaeoe?? o 90
oaa?ei, iaa-eaaiiieo/ieo ? o 70 – aeaaiiieo/ieo uiaei ooaa?eoeueico
ainiiaea?noa, a oaeiae i?iaaaeaii aaoa?eia?ii-nai?oa?io aenia?oeco,
caaeoeo c ae?aaiinoe/iith iaoith 10 ?aaaoth/eo. Eaai?aoi?ii
aeine?aeaeaii n?i i?ia a?ieia?/iiai iaoa??aeo.

Ae?iaie/a aei?iaoaaiiy oaeineiiaeaiiai ooo/iiai aeeaeeueiiai
na?aaei-aeua Eaaaiooaeia-??inaia, cai?iiiiiaaiiai I.A.Oea/aieii /1999
?./, a ii??a-iyii? ?c noaiaea?oiei, i?iaiaeeee ia aac? a?aeae?eo
ooaa?eoeueico Aei?i?iiao?ia-nueei? iaeanii? aea?aeaaii? eaai?aoi???
aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie aeine?aeaeaiiyi i’yoe i?ia a??ia?aeii
iiceoeaiiai a?ieia?/iiai iaoa??aeo, iaea?aeaiiai a?ae oaa-?ei,
?io?eiaaieo i?eiaaeoa??yie ae/a/iai aeaeo. Ia?aaeiin?aiee iaoa??ae aeey
eaai?aoi?ieo aeine?aeaeaiue aiooaaee ca iaoiaeeeith A.A. Iaoocaiea ?
ni?aaao. /1993 ?./.

A iniiao aecia/aiiy aeiiii?/iiai caeoeo a?ae ooaa?eoeueico acyo?
oanoe-i?ny/i? aeai? aea?aeaaii? neoaeae aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie,
ciioaoi?/iiai iae?eo ? aeani? aeine?aeaeaiiy ii naie iaaeaaiiieo/ieo
uiaei ooaa?eoeueico ainiiaea?no-aao aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae. ?ic?aooiie
aeiiii?/iiai caeoeo a?ae ooaa?eoeueico i?iaiaeeee ca iaoiaeeeith,
caoaa?aeaeaiith AOA I?in?eueainio Oe?a?ie /A.I. Ai-eoi ? ni?aaao., 1987
?./.

Aea?a?/i?, iaoieiaiaiaoii?/i? oa aaeoa??ieia?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy oaa?ei
i?iaiaeeee ca?aeii c “Ianoaiiaith ii ae?aaiinoeooe? ooaa?eoeueico oaa?ei
oa ioe-oe?”, caoaa?aeaeaiith AOAI INAI Oe?a?ie /1994 ?./.

?iaioa noi?iaiaeaeoaaeany ai?ciioieia?/iei aiae?cii ?acoeueoao?a
aein-e?aeaeaiue, iaea?aeaieo i?e ?ic?aooieao iieacieea caoai?thaaiino?
/ia 10000 ? 1000 ni?eeiyoeeaeo oaa?ei/, ?iaeaeno ai?ciioe/iino?,
eiao?oe??ioo aiaieuaaino?, ei?aeyoe??, oa aecia/aii? e?i?? oaiaeaioe??
/?.A. Aaeoeia, 1979; A.I. Eeoaei ? A.I. ss?/oe, 1994/ ca aeiiiiiaith
i?ia?aiiiai i?e?ieaeueeoeyoi?a IE-56 /Ae.O. Aei-ie/oe ? A.I. Aaa?eeaiei,
1986/.

?ACOEUeOAOE AeINE?AeAEAIUe

Ai?ciioieia?/i? iniaeeaino? ooaa?eoeueico aaeeei?

?iaaoi? ooaeiae a Aei?i?iiao?ianuee?e iaeano?

Oa?aeoa?enoeea ai?ciioe/ii? neooaoe??

Aea/aiiy oaiaeaioe?? i?iyao ai?ciioe/iiai i?ioeano ooaa?eoeueico aaeeei?
?iaaoi? ooaeiae i?ioyaii 34 ??/iiai ia??iaeo cana?ae/eei iayai?noue
o?eueee iaeiiai i?aeeiio iai?oaeaiino?, ui oaa?aeeoue i?i iniaeeaino?
ai?iaaaeaeoaaieo i?ioea-i?ciioe/ieo caoiae?a ia eiie?aoi?e
aaei?i?no?aoeaii-ainiiaea?nuee?e oa?eoi???.

Ca 1965-1998 ??. eeoa ia i?ioyc? iaeiiai ?ieo /1973 ??e/ noaoenoe/ii ia
?a?no?oaaeiny iaaeaaiiieo/ieo ioieo?a ? oai?eo ia ooaa?eoeueic oaa?ei,
ui iiaea na?ae/eoe i?i iino?eio iayai?noue aeoeaii? eaiee ai?ciioe/iiai
eaioethaa – aeaea-?aea caoaeieea ?ioaeoe??. Aei oiai ae e?euee?noue
aeyaeaieo iaaeaaiiieo/ieo ioie-o?a, ia?aaeuoth/e e?euee?noue /9/
icaei?iaeaieo i?aeoaa?aeaeo? aeinoaoiuei iecueeo ai?ciioieia?/io
aoaeoeai?noue i?ioeooaa?eoeueicieo caoiae?a. Ca n?i i’yoe??/ieo, a oiio
/ene? iaeei /ioe?e??/iee /1995-1998 ??./ ia??iae?a /1965-1998 ??./
o?eueee a 1965-1969; 1985-1989 oa 1990-1994 ??. e?euee?noue
icaei?iaeaieo ia?aaaaaea e?-euee?noue aeyaeaieo iaaeaaiiieo/ieo ioieo?a.

I?ioyaii aiae?ciaaiiai ia??iaeo /1965-1998 ??./ a 20 /90,9%/ c 22
aaei?-i?no?aoeaii-ainiiaea?nueeeo ?aeii?a ?a?no?oaaany ooaa?eoeueic, a
oiio /ene? 1-5 ?ie?a – 5 /25,0%/; 6-10 ?ie?a – 3 /15,0%/; 11-15 ?ie?a –
7 /35,0%/; 16-20 ?ie?a – 3 /15,0%/; 21-25 ?ie?a – 1 /5,0%/; 26 ?ie?a ?
a?eueoa – 1 /5,0%/.

Iieacaii, ui o?eueee a aeaio /I’yoeoaonueeee, Neiaeueiee?anueeee/ c 22
?aei-i?a ia ?a?no?oaaeiny caoai?thaaiiy. A ie?ai? ia??iaee /1990-1994
??./ e?euee?noue oaeeo ?aeii?a ??aiyeany 16 /72,7%/. Aiaeii/an a ie?aieo
?aeiiao /Iao?ee?a-nueeee, Nio??anueeee/ ooaa?eoeueic ?a?no?oaaany eeoa
ia i?ioyc? iaeiiai ia??iaeo /1995-1998 ??. oa 1990-1994 ??.
a?aeiia?aeii/, a a aeayeeo – /E?eai??cueeee, Iaaeia-?aaenueeee/ –
i?ioyaii 24 oa 29 ?ie?a a?aeiia?aeii. Inoaii? aecia/a? oa ooaa?aeaeo?
aiciioe/i?noue caoai?thaaiiy ia ie?aieo oa?eoi??yo, yea i?e
ooaa?eoeueic? iiaea aooe coiiaeaia iaaeinoaoiuei aoaeoeaiei aieeaii
ae?th/i? ia oa?eoi??? iaeano? nenoaie caoiae?a i?io?eaeoeee oa ai?ioueae
c oai?iaith. Oea i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny ? noaa?euei?noth iaaeaaiiieo/ieo
?aeii?a a iaaeao 13-16, ca inoaii? 24 ?iee.

Ia aea/a?i?e oa?eoi??? iaeaea ??aiii??ii ?icoaoiaothoueny ?aeiie c
ae-uith ? ieae/ith caoai?thaai?noth oaa?ei ia ooaa?eoeueic.

Anoaiiaeaii nooo?aa oa aeeiai?/ia i?aeaeuaiiy iai?oaeaiino? ai?ciioe/ii?
neooaoe?? c ooaa?eoeueico oaa?ei a iaeano?: eiao?oe??io aiaieuaaino?
c??n c 53,6+19,8 a 1965-1969 ??. aei 231,7+42,7 a 1995-1998 ??., ui a
4,3 ?aca a?eueoa, i?ae a ii/aoeiaee aiae?ciaaiee ia??iae.

Ca inoaii? 18 ?ie?a /1981-1998 ??./ ia oii? iinooiiaiai ui??/iiai
cie-aeaiiy /a 2 ?aca/ e?eueeino? iaaeaaiiieo/ieo ioieo?a /c 50,8+4,4 a
1981-1989 ??. aei 20,8+3,7 a 1990-1998 ??./, a?eueo ?ioaineaii /3,6
?aca/ cieaeoaaeany e?euee?noue ?aaaoth/eo /c 14511,5+2121,7 aei
3963,8+940,6 a?aeiia?aeii/. ?acii c oeei eiao?-oe??io aiaieuaaino?, ia
oii? a??ia?aeiiai cieaeaiiy /2,4 ?aca/ e?eueeino? iaaeaai-iieo/ieo
ioieo?a, cieaeoaaany cia/ii iia?euei?oa /o?eueee a 1,4 ?aca/, a
na?aaei?e a?aenioie /anoioe i?iyao iaoieiaiaiaoii?/ieo ci?i o oaa?ei a
ia?oee aia-e?ciaaiee ia??iae /1981-1989 ??./ neeaa 44,0+4,4, a a
ianooiiee /1990-1998 ??./ – 50,5+8,5, ui a 1,1 ?aca a?eueoa, i?ae a
iiia?aaei?e.

Oaeei /eiii, anoaiiaeaii cia/ia ?iciianthaeaeaiiy oa aiciioe/i?noue
cao-ai?thaaiiy a ie?aieo ?aeiiao, noaa?eueiee ??aaiue /anoioe
iaoieiaiaiaoii?/iiai i?iyao ooaa?eoeueico o oaa?ei ia oii? cieaeaiiy
e?eueeino? ?aaaoth/iai iiaie?a’y oa iaaeaaiiieo/ieo ioieo?a. Oea aeaco?
ia ?nioaaiiy ?aa?iiaeueii? i?iaeaie i?io?eaeoeee oa ai?ioueae c
oai?iaith.

Oa?aeoa?enoeea i?iyao ooaa?eoeueico

aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae

Iai?oaeai?noue ai?ciioe/ii? neooaoe?? aeeeooaaea i?iaaaeaiiy ianooiieo
aein-e?aeaeaiue ii anoaiiaeaiith i?e/ei oaeiai noaio ye a ie?aieo
ainiiaea?noaao, oae ? a iaooaa? a?eueo iaoe?ieo
aaei?i?no?aoeaii-ainiiaea?nueeeo iaeeieoeue /?aeii/.

Iieacaii, ui iniiaiith i?e/eiith aeieeiaiiy caoai?thaaiiy oaa?ei ia
ooaa?eoeueic a ainiiaea?noaao /1996-1998 ??./, ? iaaeinoaoiy
aoaeoeai?noue caeeth/-ieo icaei?ia/eo caoiae?a /85,4%/.

Aea/aiiy o?eaaeino? ?ioa?aaeo i?ae iiaoi?ieie niaeaoaie oai?iae o
oaa-?ei ainiiaea?noa iieacaee, ui o?eueee a i’yoe /14,7%/ c ieo
ooaa?eoeueic ia?a?no-?oaaany a ieioeiio /c 1985 ?ieo/. A ?ioeo 29
/85,4%/ a?aei?/aeiny caoai?thaai-iy, aea yei?-iaaoaeue /?oei?
caeiiii??iino? i?iyao oai?iae ia anoaiiaeaii. A aeinoaoiuei cia/i?e
e?eueeino? ainiiaea?noa /9 ioieo?a/ ooaa?eoeueic e?ea?aeiaaii ua 10-11
?ie?a oiio. I?ioa, ui?ieo, ye na?ae/eee aiae?oe/i? iaoa??aee aea?a?/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue, a ieo ?a?no?oaaeany iacia/ia e?euee?noue ei??a,
?aaaoth/eo ia IIAe-ooaa?eoe?i aeey nnaaoe?a /a?ae 1 aei 3% ui?ieo/, a
ae?aaiic, ca?aeii noaoenoe/ieo aea-ieo, ia i?aeoaa?aeaeoaaany.

Aeai? aeine?aeaeaiue cana?ae/eee, ui i?iya ooaa?eoeueico o oaa?ei,
oaeaeoa anueiai, iaoiiaeth?oueny iecueeith ye?noth i?iaaaeaiiy
niaoe?aeueieo aaoa?eia?ii-nai?oa?ieo oa i?aai?caoe?eii-ainiiaea?nueeeo
caoiae?a.

Oaeoi?e, ui ni?eythoue o?eaaeiio ia?aa?ao ai?ciioe/iiai

i?ioeano ooaa?eoeueico

Aea/aiiy a?eiai? no?oeoo?e caoai?thaaiino? oaa?ei ia ooaa?eoeueic
i?i-aiaeeee ia 766 ?aaaoth/eo ei?iaao o?ueio ainiiaea?noa, icaei?iaeaieo
a 1991 ?i-oe?. Iieiaeiye, ia ii/aoeo /a?aiaiai niaeaoo oai?iae, ?aaaoaaa
ia ooaa?eoe?i a iaeeie/ieo aeiaaeeao.

Iieacaii, ui 32,8% ei??a ia?oi? eaeoaoe?? ?aaao? ia IIAe-ooaa?eoe?i aeey
nnaaoe?a, aeaui iaioa ae?oai? /24,7%/ oa o?aouei? /14,6%/. Oea
na?ae/eoue i?i /ano?-oee i?iya ooaa?eoeueicii? ?ioaeoe??, i?e iiaoi?iiio
niaeaoo oai?iae, o ei??a ia?oeo eaeoaoe?e.

Aeine?aeaeoth/e i?ioyaii 1996-1998 ??. a?eiao no?oeoo?o ?aaaoth/iai
ii-aie?a’y ia 25435 oaa?eiao, a oiio /ene? ia 11394 ei?iaao 20
iaaeaaiiieo/ieo ioieo?a, anoaiiaeaii iinooiiaa cieaeaiiy /anoee
aea?a?/ieo ?aaeoe?e o iieiae-iyea /c 42,0±4,2% a ia?o? n?i
aeine?aeaeaiue aei 34,1±6,2% a ianooii? a?n?i a 1998 ?ioe? / ?c
na?aaeiuei??/iei oaiiii 0,37%.

Aiaeii/an, o iieiaeiyeo, caaaeueiiio, ooaa?eoeueicia ?ioaeoe?y /ano?oa
i?i-yaey?oueny o oaeyo a?eii 9-18 i?nyoe?a /5,6-5,2%/. O iieiaeoiai oa
noa?oiai iiai-e?a‘y /anoioa i?iyao ?ioaeoe??, ia ??ai? aea?a?/ieo
?aaeoe?e, cieaeo?oueny. O?eueee a iaeiiio c 10 ainiiaea?noa aeyaeyany
?aaaoth/ee ia ooaa?eoe?i iieiaeiye a?eii 2-4 i?nyoe? – 0,3%. I?ioa,
iaoieiaiaiaoii?/iee i?iya oai?iae niinoa??aaany o oaeyo /5,2%/ aeaui
noa?oi? a?eiai? a?oie /5-6 i?nyoe?a/.

Iieacaii, ui o ei??a i?iya ooaa?eoeueicii? ?ioaeoe?? i?aaeuo? oaeee
na-iee iieaciee ii a?oi? iieiaeiyea a 1,7 ?aca.

Oe? oa iiia?aaei? aeai? iiaeooue na?ae/eoe i?i aeoea?caoe?th
?ioaeoe?eiiai i?i-oeano eaoaioii? oi?ie c ianooiiei ?icaeoeii yaii?
oai?iae o ei??a, oae ye /an-oioa iaoieiaiaiaoii?/iiai i?iyao
ooaa?eoeueico o ?ai?iaeoeoeaiiai iiaie?a’y ??aiy?oueny 40-45%, a
iieiaeiyeo eeoa 10-15%, ui a 2,4 ?aca iaioa, i?ae o o?-c?ieia?/ii
noi?iiaaieo aei?ineeo oaa?ei.

Oaeei /eiii, iaei??th c iniiaieo i?e/ei o?eaaeiai iaaeaaiiieo//y
ain-iiaea?noa ? aeniea ca?aaeai?noue, a iiei/iee ia??iae, iieiaeiyea
caoaeieeii ooaa?-eoeueico. O cia/ii? e?eueeino? ?io?eiaaieo
i?eiaaeoa??yie ae/a/iai aeaeo, aea ia-?aaaoth/eo ia IIAe-ooaa?eoe?i aeey
nnaaoe?a iieiaeeo oaa?ei ?ioaeoe?eiee i?ioean ia?aa?aa? a eaoaioi?e
oi?i?. I?e aeinyaiaii? noaoaai? c??eino?, a ia??iae ?icoae?a, iniaeeai
i?ney ia?oiai oa ae?oaiai ? i?ae aieeaii ?ioeo oaeoi??a eaoaioia
ooaa?eoeueicia ?ioaeoe?y ia?aoiaeeoue a oeiiao oi?io ?ioaeoe?eiiai
i?ioeano. Oea, oa ui??/ia aaaaeaiiy oaa?ei c eaoaioiith ?ioaeoe??th a
iniiaia noaaei, i?aeo?eio? o?eaaea iaaeaaiiieo//y ainiiaea?noa /I.?.
Eoc?i, 1994/.

?acoeueoaoe ae?iaie/iai canoinoaaiiy aaeoeeie BCG a nenoai?

caoiae?a ai?ioueae c ooaa?eoeueicii aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae

A 1985 ?ioe? c iiaie?a’y I?eiiieuenueeiai ?aeiio ?icii/aoi ae?iaie/a
canoinoaaiiy aaeoeeieBCG, ye aeiiii?aeiiai caoiaeo a ai?iouea? c
ooaa?eoeueicii aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae. A oeueiio aeiaaeeo
neiii?iiaoiaaia o a?aeiioaii? oo-aa?eoeueico iiaie?a’y a?aei?aaeyeiny ia
caa?e, a caaacaia, i?ney i?iaaaeaiiy niaoe?aeueieo
aaoa?eia?ii-nai?oa?ieo ? i?aai?caoe?eii-ainiiaea?nueeeo caoiae?a, –
?ioi?coaaeiny. A ainiiaea?noaao ?ioeo ?aeii?a iaeano?, ie??i oaei?
noaie, aae-oeeia canoiniaoaaeany ia ia?aaaoth/iio ia ooaa?eoe?i
iiaie?a’? c 10-aeaiiiai – 2-3 i?ny/iiai a?eo. ?ao?i- oa i?iniaeoeai?
aeine?aeaeaiiy na?ae/eee, ui ye a ia?o?e a?oi?, oae ? a ae?oa?e a?oi?
ainiiaea?noa a?aei?/aany i?iya ooaa?eoeueico c oaiaeai-oe??th oe?ieiai
?iciianthaeaeaiiy.

Oiio, iaiao?aeiei aoei a iaoeiai-ae?iaie/eo aeine?aeao aecia/eoe
ai?ci-ioieia?/io aoaeoeai?noue aaeoeeie BCG oa iiaeaeueoo iaiao?aei?noue
?? aeei?en-oaiiy.

Iaoeiai-ae?iaie/? aeine?aee, i?iaaaeai? a aeaaiiieo/ieo ?
iaaeaaiiieo/-ieo ainiiaea?noaao, ii aea/aiith /anoioe aaeaioaoe??
aaeoeeiiiai ooaio BCG aei i?aai?cio ??ciia?eiaiai iiaie?a’y aaeeei?
?iaaoi? ooaeiae iieacaee, ui aeaeaei ia a on?o ?ioi?ciaaieo oaa?ei
?icaeaa?oueny ?ioiia?ieia?/ia ia?aaoaeiaa o oi?i? aea?a?/ii? ?aaeoe?? ia
IIAe-ooaa?eoe?i aeey nnaaoe?a //a?ac 45-60 aei?a i?ney aaa-aeaiiy
aaeoeeie/. Oea na?ae/eoue, ui a iaaeao 8-10% ?ioi?ciaaiiai iiaie?a’y ia
oi?io?oueny ooo/ii iaaooa niaoeeo?/ia no?ee?noue, yea aeania ? ?
ia?aaeoiiaith aeey caaacia/aiiy iine?aeoth/iai aeaaiiieo//y oaa?ei oiai
/e ?ioiai ainiiaea?n-oaa.

C /anii, o ?ioi?ciaaiiai iiaie?a‘y, cieaeoaaeany ?ioaineai?noue
aea?a?/ieo ?aaeoe?e ia ooaa?eoe?i ? ?o e?euee?noue ia 120-130 aeaiue
neeaaeaea 37-51%. *a?ac 12 i?nyoe?a e?euee?noue ?aaaoth/eo oaa?ei
aeine?aeieo a?oi ??aiyeany 13-23%. ?ioai-neai?noue /iioiauaiiy neeaaeee
oe??e/ aea?a?/ieo ?aaeoe?e cieaeoaaeany a aeaa ?a-ca – c 6 aei 3 ii.

Iaoieiaiaiaoii?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy ?aaaoth/eo ia ooaa?eoe?i ?ioi?ciaaieo
oaa?ei aeaaiiieo/ieo ? iaaeaaiiieo/ieo ainiiaea?noa aeyaeeeny
iaaaoeaieie.

Aiaeii/an, eaai?aoi?ieie aeine?aeaeaiiyie 15 i?ia a?ieia?/iiai iaoa??aeo
oaa?ei aeae?eaii eoeueoo?e i?eiaaeoa??e ae/a/iai aeaeo a 33-66% c
eiaeiiai ia-aeaaiiieo/iiai, a aoeiia? i?eiaaeoa??? IV a?oie ca
eeaneo?eaoe??th ?ai?iia a?ae ei?iae c iaeiiai c aeaio aeaaiiieo/ieo
ainiiaea?noa.

A ianooiiiio, ia?aaaoth/eo aeine?aeieo oaa?ei ?a?ioi?coaaee oa
aea?a?/ii aeine?aeeee /a?ac 12 i?nyoe?a. ?aaaoaaei 17-30% oaa?ei a
iaaeaaiiieo/ieo ? 8-40% – a aeaaiiieo/ieo ainiiaea?noaao.

Eiio?ieueii-ae?aaiinoe/iei caai?i 15 ?ioi?ciaaieo ?aaaoth/eo,
iaaeaai-iieo/ieo ao?o?a, aeyaeai? iaoieiaiaiaoii?/i? ci?ie ooaa?eoeueico
o 20-66,6%, iaeyiaieo ia naeoe?? oaa?ei.

Iieacaii, ui aaeoa??ieia?/ieie aeine?aeaeaiiyie iae?ineii?/ii
iaci?ia-iiai iaoa??aeo a?ae ?a?ioi?ciaaieo oa ia?ioi?ciaaieo ?aaaoth/eo
aeae?eythoueny eoeueoo?e i?eiaaeoa??e ae/a/iai aeaeo a 25-100%. C i?ia
iieiea ?aaaoth/eo oa ia?aaaoth/eo ia ooaa?eoe?i ?ioi?ciaaieo ei??a
i?eiaaeoa??? ae/a/iai aeaeo aeae?eythoueny a 60% oa 40% a?aeiia?aeii.

Oe? aeai? na?ae/aoue i?i oa, ui ?ioiiee oii yeee, aac noii?ao, a iaai?e
i??? oi?io?oueny o ?ioi?ciaaiiai iiaie?a‘y iiaea ni?eyoe o?eaae?e
ia?nenoaioe?? a iae?ii?aai?ci? iaoiaaiiiai caoaeieea ? noai?thaaoe
uiaeaiio caa?ico aeey ni?ee-iyoeeaeo oaa?ei, oa, ui aeoaea aaaeeeai,
ethaeeie.

A?aei?/aii, ui a oiiaao oe?ieiai ae?iaie/iai canoinoaaiiy aaeoeeie BCG
iai?oaeai?noue ai?ciioe/iiai i?ioeano ooaa?eoeueico oaa?ei a
iaaeaaiii-eo/ieo ainiiaea?noaao ia? aeeiai?/iee oa?aeoa?, aac c?ooaiue a
noi?iio iinea-aeaiiy. sseui aei ?ioi?caoe?? a?aenioie oaa?ei c
iaoieiaiaiaoii?/iei i?iyaii oo-aa?eoeueico neeaaeaa 21 oi i?ney ??
canoinoaaiiy, /a?ac 12 i?nyoe?a – 23.

Canoinoaaiiy aaeoeeie BCG ia i?ioyc? iine?aeoth/eo naie ?ie?a oaeiae ia
i?ecaaei aei cieaeaiiy iai?oaeaiino? ai?ciioe/iiai i?ioeano
ooaa?eoeueico. Iai-?ioe, a aeaa’yoe ainiiaea?noaao, a yeeo aeo?aeiee
??aaiue iaoieiaiaiaoii?/iiai i?iyao ooaa?eoeueico o oaa?ei aoa
iaeieae/ei, c ia?aa?aii /ano, ai?ciioe/ia neooaoe?y nooo?ai
oneeaaeieeany. A aeiaeiiio, c oe??? a?oie, ainiiaea?noa?, i?ney
?ioi?caoe?? iiaie?a‘y, a?aenioie ooaa?eoeueicieo ci?i o oaa?ei ia
cieaeoaaany aei aeo?aeiiai ??aiy. Oaeaae neooaoe?y niinoa??aaeany ? a 2
a?oi? ainiiaea?noa /o?e/ c na?aaei?i ??aiai caoai?thaaiino?. O?eueee a 4
?c 16 ainiiaea?noa iaoieiaiaiaoi-i?/iee i?iya ooaa?eoeueico o oaa?ei ca
n?i ?ie?a canoinoaaiiy aaeoeeie, aeaui cieceany, c 39,9 aei 34,7%.

Oaeei /eiii, anoaiiaeaii, ui canoinoaaiiy aaeoeeie BCG ia ni?ey?
cie-aeaiith /anoioe iaoieiaiaiaoii?/iiai i?iyao oai?iae o oaa?ei oa
a?aeiia?aeii iai?oaeaiino? ai?ciioe/iiai i?ioeano ooaa?eoeueico a
oe?eiio.

Iaea?aeai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue aeaee ciiao iaa?oiooaaoe
ai?ciioieia?/-io iaaeioe?euei?noue aeei?enoaiiy aaeoeeie BCG a
ainiiaea?noaao iaeano?.

Oaeineiiaeaiiy ae?aaiinoeee ooaa?eoeueico

Aea/aiiy niaoeeo?/iino? oa aeoeaiino? ooaa?eoe?i?a

Aeey aecia/aiiy niaoeeo?/iino? oa aeoeaiino? ae?aaiinoe/ieo i?aia?ao?a,
ye? aeei?enoiaothoueny a Oe?a?i?, aeei?enoaee aea?aai Eo?nueei?
a?io?a?eee oa o??ie “A?ieae” /i. Oa?e?a/, na??eiiai ae?iaieoeoaa, a
eiioeaio?aoe??, ia?aaeaa/a-i?e “Ianoaiiaith ii ae?aaiinoeoe?
ooaa?eoeueico oaa?ei oa ioeoe?” /1994 ?./.

Iieacaii, ui a iaaeaaiiieo/ieo ii ooaa?eoeueico ainiiaea?noaao oa
ao?-oao oaa?ei, na?aae yeeo oee?eoeththoue aoeiia? i?eiaaeoa???,
aeyaey?oueny aeineoue cia/ia e?euee?noue ?aaaoth/eo. I?ioa, /anoioa
i?iyao ?aaeoe?e ia aaaaeai? ae?aaiin-oeeoie a?ae??ciyeany. A
ainiiaea?noaao, oaa?eie yeeo ?io?eiaai? i?eiaaeoa??yie ae/a/iai aeaeo,
?c caaaeueii? e?eueeino? ?aaaoth/eo, /ano?oa /o 1,2 ?aca/
niinoa??-aa?oueny i?iya ?aaeoe?e ia Oa?e?anueeee aea?aai, i?ae ia
Eo?nueeee. A ainiiaea?no-aao, na?aae oaa?ei yeeo, oee?eoeththoue aoeiia?
i?eiaaeoa???, niinoa??aaeanue cai?i-oiy caeiiii??i?noue, a?eueo
iieaciaa, i?ae na?aae ia?oi? eaoaai??? oaa?ei – ia Oa?-e?anueeee aea?aai
?aaaoaaei a 2,7 ?aca iaioa oaa?ei, i?ae ia Eo?nueeee.

Aeineoue cia/ia e?euee?noue oaa?ei, a iaio eaoaai??yo ainiiaea?noa,
?aaao? o?eueee ia iaeei ?c aea?aai?a: a ainiiaea?noaao, aea oaa?eie
?io?eiaai? aoeiiaeie i?eiaaeoa??yie aeii?iothoue ?aaeoe?? ia ooaa?eoe?i
Eo?nueei? a?ioaa?eee /80% a?ae caaaeueii? e?eueeino? ?aaaoth/eo/; a
iaaeaaiiieo/ieo uiaei ooaa?eoeueico ioieoao, iaaiaee – a 1,1 ?aca
a?eueoa ?aaao? oaa?ei o?eueee ia ooaa?eoe?i o??ie “A?ieae”.

I?e eiio?ieueii-ae?aaiinoe/iiio caai? c iaaeaaiiieo/ieo ao?o?a i‘yoe
oaa?ei, ?aaaoth/eo o?eueee ia Eo?nueeee ooaa?eoe?i, iae?ineii?/ieo
iaoieiaia-iaoii?/ieo ci?i ooaa?eoeueico ia anoaiiaeaii, a oie /an ye c
i‘yoe oaa?ei, ?aa-aoth/eo o?eueee ia Oa?e?anueeee – ooaa?eoeueici?
o?aaeaiiy aeyaeai? o o?ueio , a aaeoa??ieia?/ii ooaa?eoeueic
i?aeoaa?aeaeaii a iaei?e ?c i‘yoe oa a aeaio ?c aeaio, aeine?aeaeaieo
i?ia iaoieiaiaiaoii?/ii iaci?iaiiai a?ieia?/-iiai iaoa??aeo
a?aeiia?aeii.

Oaeei /eiii, iaea?aeai? ?acoeueoaoe na?ae/aoue i?i ai?ciioieia?/io
aeioe?eue-i?noue aeei?enoaiiy aeey caaeeoo?ai? ae?aaiinoeee
ooaa?eoeueico aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae IIAe-ooaa?eoe?io aeey nnaaoe?a
o??ie “A?ieae” /i. Oa?e?a/, ine?eueee aea?-aai Eo?nueei? a?ioaa?eee ia
aeyaey? iaaii? e?eueeino? oai?eo ia ooaa?eoeueic oaa?ei /c
iaoieiaiaiaoii?/iei i?iyaii ?ioaeoe?eiiai i?ioeano/.

?acoeueoaoe ae?iaie/iai aei?iaoaaiiy oaeineiiaeaiiai ooo/iiai
aeeaeeueiiai na?aaeiaeua Eaaaiooaeia-??inaia

Iieacaii, ui ?c i‘yoe i?ia a??ia?aeii iiceoeaiiai a?ieia?/iiai
iaoa??aeo, ?aaaoth/eo ia ooaa?eoe?i ei??a c iaaeaaiiieo/iiai uiaei
ooaa?eoeueico ioieoo, iiceoeaiee ?acoeueoao ia aeine?aeiiio na?aaeiaeu?
iaea?aeaii a i‘yoe /100,0%/, a ia eiio?ieueiiio a aeaio /40,0%/ i?iaao,
ui a 2,5 ?aca iaioa, i?ae ia aein-e?aeiiio.

Niinoa?aaeaiiy ca aenia?eiaioaeueieie c?aceaie aeeaeeueieo na?aaeiaeu
i?ioyaii 29 aei?a ?inoo eieii?e ia aeyaeee. Ia?o? eieii?? i?eiaaeoa??e
c‘yae-eenue ia 30 aeaiue ia aeeaeeueiiio na?aaeiaeu? aeine?aeiiai c?acea
? ia 40 – eiio?i-eueiiai.

*a?ac 65 aei?a ia eiio?ieueiiio na?aaeiaeu? aeyaeaii 17,5, a ia
oaeineiia-eaiiio, aeine?aeiiio, 29,8 eieii?e i?eiaaeoa??e ae/a/iai
aeaeo, ui a 1,7 ?aca a?eueoa, i?ae a ia?oiio aeiaaeeo /a na?aaeiueiio ia
iaeio iiceoeaio i?iao/. A ca-aaeueiiio, o ?ic?aooieo ia iaeio i?iao, ia
aeine?aeiiio na?aaeiaeu? noi?ioaaei-ny a 4,2 ?aca a?eueoa eieii?e, i?ae
ia eiio?ieueiiio.

?c 25 i?ia??ie aeine?aeiiai c?acea aeeaeeueiiai na?aaeiaeua ??no eieii?e
aeyaeaii a 12 /48,0%/, c ieo nooe?eueiee ??no – a 7 /58,3%/, a
eiio?ieueiiai a?ae-iia?aeii – a 4 /16,0%/ oa a 2 /50,0%/.

Oaeei /eiii, ae?iaie/a aei?iaoaaiiy cana?ae/eei i?aeaeuaiiy aaeaioea-ieo
aeanoeainoae i?eiaaeoa??e ae/a/iai aeaeo ia oaeineiiaeaiiio c?aceo
ooo/-iiai aeeaeeueiiai na?aaeiaeua Eaaaiooaeia-??inaia: oa?i?i iiyae
eieii?e nei-?i/o?oueny ia 10 aei?a, a e?euee?noue iiceoeaieo
?acoeueoao?a ? eieii?e i?eiaaeoa-??e, a ?ic?aooieo ia iaeio i?iao
ca?eueoo?oueny, a?aeiia?aeii o 2,5 oa 4,2 ?aca.

Aeiiii?/i? caeoee a?ae ooaa?eoeueico

aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae

?ic?aooiee ieoiii? aaae ie?aieo aeiiii?/ieo caeoe?a, aecia/aieo ii naie
ainiiaea?noaao, nooo?ai a?ae??ciythoueny – a?ae 0,1% /cieaeaiiy iaaei?a
i?e aei-aeaoeiaeo ooaa?eoe?i?caoe?yo/ aei 30% / ao?aoa ieai?iii?
oe?iiino? oaa?ei/. Iiea-caii, ui ia?ao?eiea oai?eo ia ooaa?eoeueic
oaa?ei ni?ey? onoaoaeaiith ?ioae-oe?eiiai i?ioeano, ia?aa?ao eiai a
aaia?ae?ciaai?e oi?i?, ui i?ecaiaeeoue aei cia/iiai cieaeaiiy yeino?
i?iaeoeoe?? oa oi?io? ae?oaee ii aaee/ei? aeiiii?/iee caeoie, ieoiia
aaaa yeiai, ?c caaaeueii? noeoiiino?, ??aiy?oueny 28,5%.

Aeo?aoe ia i?iaaaeaiiy niaoe?aeueieo aaoa?eia?ii-nai?oa?ieo oa
i?aai?ca-oe?eii-ainiiaea?nueeeo caoiae?a, ia iaeia ainiiaea?noai aeoaea
iae?, a ii??aiyii? c i?yieie caeoeaie ? neeaaeathoue anueiai 7,9% a?ae
caaaeueii? noie.

?ic?aooiee cana?ae/eee, ui i?ioyaii oanoe i?nyoe?a iaaeaaiiieo//y
ain-iiaea?noaa, aeiiii?/iee caeoie ia iaeio oaa?eio, ?io?eiaaio
caoaeieeii ooaa?-eoeueico, neeaaea? 585,9 a?i.

Ia 92,1% eiai oi?iothoue i?yi? ao?aoe a?ae caoai?thaaiiy.

A?aenooi?noue eioo?a oa a?aeiia?aeii iecueea ye?noue i?iaaaeaieo
niaoe?aeueieo aaoa?eia?ii-nai?oa?ieo oa i?aai?caoe?eii-ainiiaea?nueeeo
caoiae?a iiaea ni?eyoe ia oaeiio oii?, o?eaaeiio iaaeaaiiieo//th oa, aac
noii?ao, ?aoeeaeeao oai?iae a iaeaooiueiio.

AENIIAEE

1. Aecia/aia ai?ciioieia?/ia iniaeeainoue ooaa?eoeueico aaeeei? ?iaaoi?
ooaeiae a Aei?i?iiao?ianuee?e iaeano?, oaeineiiaeaii ae?aaiinoeeo oa
?ic?iaeaia nenoaia eiiieaenieo iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaieo caoiae?a
i?io?eaeoeee oa ai?ioue-ae.

2. Ai?ciioieia?/iith iniaeea?noth ooaa?eoeueico ? cia/ia
?iciianthaeaeaiiy oa aiciioe/i?noue oai?iae ia ie?aieo oa?eoi??yo
/?aeiiao/.

3. A 1981-1998 ??. cieaeoaaeeny e?euee?noue iaaeaaiiieo/ieo ioieo?a,
e?euee?noue ?aaaoth/eo ia IIAe-ooaa?eoe?i aeey nnaaoe?a oaa?ei oa
eiao?oe??io aiaieuaaino? a?aeiia?aeii a 2,4; 3,6; 1,4 ?aca a a?aenioie
iaoieiaiaiaoii?/iiai i?iyao oai?iae eeoaany ia iiia?aaeiueiio ??ai?.

4. Aeiaaio?eaaeiio i?iyao ooaa?eoeueico a ie?aieo noaaeao ni?eya
?aoeeaeea oai?iae. A 85,0 ainiiaea?noa ooaa?eoeueicia ?ioaeoe?y aaeeei?
?iaaoi? ooaeiae ?a?no?oaaeany iiaoi?ii /a?ac ??ci? no?iee i?ney
icaei?iaeaiiy. Iniiaiei ?oo?-eiei oaeoi?ii ?icaeoeo ai?ciioe/iiai
i?ioeano aecia/aii caiaeiaoaaiiy ia?iae-aeaiiio iieiaeiyeo iaye?nii
ciaca?aaeaiiai iieiea, eiioai?iiaaiiai caoaeie-eii ooaa?eoeueico.

5. Noai ca?aaeaiino? iieiaeiyeo M.bovis /ano?oa aeyaeyany o 9-18
i?nyoe?a /12,7-15,7%/. O iieiaeoiai oa noa?oiai iiaie?a’y /anoioa
aea?a?/ieo ?aaeoe?e ciai-ooaaeany c iaeieae/ei iieacieeii o oaeyo a?eii
2-4 i?nyoe? /0,3%/. *anoioa iaoieiaiaiaoii?/iiai i?iyao ooaa?eoeueico
oaiaeaioe?eii ca?eueooaaeany c a?eii oaa?ei, ?icii/eiath/e c
i’yoei?ny/iiai a?eo /5,2%/ ? o a?nueiei?ny/iiio a?oe? ??aiyeany 10,3%.

6. ?aoeeaeea ooaa?eoeueico niinoa??aaany /ano?oa o ei??a ia?oi? /32,8%/,
ae?oai? /24,7%/ oa o?aouei? /14,6%/ eaeoaoe??.

7. A ie?aieo ?ioi?ciaaieo aaeoeeiith BCG oaa?ei /7-11%/ ia
niinoa??-aaeiny aaeaioaoe?? aei aioo??oiueiai na?aaeiaeua iae?ii?aai?cio
i?eiaaeoa??e aae-oeeiiiai ooaio //ano?oa o aei?ineiai iiaie?a’y/.

8. A iaaeaaiiieo/ieo uiaei ooaa?eoeueico ainiiaea?noaao ?ioi?caoe?y
oaa-?ei aaeoeeiith BCG ia ni?ey? cieaeaiith iai?oaeaiino? ai?ciioe/iiai
i?ioeano.

9. A iaaeaaiiieo/ieo uiaei ooaa?eoeueico ainiiaea?noaao IIAe-ooaa?eo-e?i
aeey nnaaoe?a, aeaioiaeaiee o??iith “A?ieae” /i.Oa?e?a/, aieiae?? a?eueo
aeni-eith niaoeeo?/i?noth, i?ae aea?aai, aeaioiaeaiee Eo?nueeith
a?ioaa?eeith. A nei-ii?iiaoiaaieo o a?aeiioaii? i?eiaaeoa??icii?
?ioaeoe?? noaaeao IIAe-ooaa?eoe?i aeey nnaaoe?a Eo?nueei? a?ioaa?eee
aeyaey? a?eueoa ?aaaoth/eo oaa?ei, i?ae aea?aai o??ie “A?ieae”.

10. Ae?iaie/a aei?iaoaaiiy aaeoa??ieia?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? aeeaeeueiiai
na?aaeiaeua Eaaaiooaeia-??inaia iieacaei ia?aaaao oaeineiiaeaiiai iaae
o?aaee-oe?eiei ye ii oaeaeeino? iiyae ia?oeo eieii?e M.bovis /ia 10
aei?a/, oae ? ii e?eueeino? iiceoeaieo ?acoeueoao?a.

11. Aeiiii?/iee caeoie ia iaeio caoai??eo ia ooaa?eoeueic oaa?eio
neea-aea? 585,9 a?i. Ia 92,1% a?i oi?io?oueny i?yieie ao?aoaie a?ae
caoai?thaaiiy.

12. Ai?iaaaeaeaii nenoaio eiiieaenieo iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaieo caoiae?a
i?io?eaeoeee oa ai?ioueae c ooaa?eoeueicii aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae /1996
?./.

I?IIICEOe?? AeEss I?AEOEEE

1. Noai ai?ciioe/ii? neooaoe?? c ooaa?eoeueico aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae a
a aeayeeo ?aa?iiao iio?aao? aea/aiiy ai?ciioieia?? oai?iae ?, ia oe?e
iniia? ?ic-?iaee ?aa?iiaeueieo nenoai iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaieo caoiae?a
i?io?eaeoeee oa ai-?ioueae.

2. C iaoith i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ai?ioueae c ooaa?eoeueicii
iaiao?ae-ii:

-aea?a?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae i?iaiaeeoe c
i’yoe-oanoei?-ny/iiai a?eo;

-iaaeiioneaoe aeei?enoaiiy a nenoai? icaei?ia/eo caoiae?a aaeoeeie
ANG;

-caaacia/oaaoe o?iainiao i?aeo?eieo i?iaaaeaiiy
i?aai?caoe?eii-ainiiaea?nueeeo caoiae?a.

3. I?iaanoe a?eueo oe?iea ae?iaie/a aei?iaoaaiiy niaoeeo?/iino? oa
aeoeaiino? ooaa?eoe?i?a, a oaeiae aaeoa??ieia?/ii? aoaeoeaiino?
oaeineiiaeaiiai ooo/iiai aeeaeeueiiai na?aaeiaeua Eaaaiooaeia-??inaia.

4. Ni?yioaaoe iaoeia? aeine?aeaeaiiy ia aea/aiiy oaeoi??a, ye?
ni?eythoue aaeaioeai?e caeaoiino? i?eiaaeoa??e uiaei oeaiei
iae?ii?aai?cia oa ooo/iiai aeeaeeueiiai na?aaeiaeua.

NIENIE ?IA?O, IIOAE?EIAAIEO CA OAIITH AeENA?OAOe??

1. Ei?ieaiei E.N. Aaeoeeia BCG o nenoai? i?ioeooaa?eoeueicieo caoiae?a:
aeioe?euei?noue oa aoaeoeai?noue aeei?enoaiiy //Aao.iaaeeoeeia
Oe?a?ie.-1998. -?4. -N. 38-40.

2. Oea/aiei I.A., Ei?ieaiei E.N. Niaoeeo?/i?noue oa aeoeai?noue
ooaa?eoe?-i?a i?e ae?aaiinoeoe? ooaa?eoeueico aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae
//Aao. iaaeeoeeia Oe?a?-ie.-1998. -?7. -N.12-13.

Aaoi?ii i?iaaaeai? aea?a?/i?, iaoieiaiaiaoii?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy,
iaoaia-oe/ia ia?iaea aeaieo oa iaienaiiy aiae?oe/ii? /anoeie ?iaioe.

3. Aeiiii?/i? caeoee a?ae ooaa?eoeueico aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae /I.A.
Oea-/aiei, A.TH. Oicae, I.?. I?eia, E.N. Ei?ieaiei //Aao.iaaeeoeeia
Oe?a?ie.-1999.-?2. -N.22-23.

Aaoi?ii i?iaaaeaii aea?a?/i?, iaoieiaiaiaoii?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy, ca??
noa-oenoe/ieo aeaieo, ?o ia?iaea oa aiae?c.

4.O?ii?ci i?eiaaeoa??e oa eiai iaoiiaeai?noue oaeoi?ii O5 aeeaeeueiiai
na?aaeiaeua /E.N. Ei?ieaiei, A.I. Aonie, I.A. Oea/aiei, I.A. Ae?aaai,
E.I.Oea-/aiei //Aao.iaaeeoeeia Oe?a?ie. -1997. -?12. -N.16-17.

Aaoi?ii i?iaaaeaii aeinoaaeo a?ieia?/iiai iaoa??aeo, i?aeaioiaeo eiai
aei a?io?i?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue, iae?e ?inoo eoeueoo? i?eiaaeoa??e e
iaienaiiy aiae?-oe/ii? /anoeie.

5. Ei?ieaiei E.N., Oea/aiei I.A. Nenoaia eiiieaenieo iaoeiai
iaa?oi-oiaaieo caoiae?a i?io?eaeoeee oa ai?ioueae c ooaa?eoeueicii
aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae-neoaea? aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie //OAI
Aei?i?iiao?ianueei? iaeaea?aeaae-i?i?no?aoe??; Aei?i?iiao?. aea?ae. aa?.
oi-o. -Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, 1996.-44 n.

Aaoi?ii i?ae?a?aii i?aeoe/iee iaoa??ae ? iaienaii :I?aai?caoe?y
i?ioeoo-aa?eoeueicieo caoiae?a /?icae?e 4/; I?aai?caoe?eii-iaoiaee/i?
i?aeoiaee uiaei iea-ioaaiiy i?ioeooaa?eoeueicieo caoiae?a /?icae?e 7/.

Ei?ieaiei E.N. Ai?ciioieia?/i? iniaeeaino? ooaa?eoeueico aaeeei? ?iaaoi?
ooaeiae a oiiaao Noaio Oe?a?ie, oaeineiiaeaiiy ae?aaiinoeee oa
ai?ioueae. – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa aaoa?eia?ieo
iaoe

ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 16.00.08 – ai?ciioieia?y oa ?ioaeoe?ei? oai?iae. –
?inoeooo aen-ia?eiaioaeueii? ? ee?i?/ii? aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie OAAI,
Oa?e?a, 1999.

Iieacaii, ui ooaa?eoeueic aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae a
i?e?iaeii-aaia?ao?/-iiio ?aa?ii? iath/e iniaeeaino? i?iyao aecia/a?
ia?aa?a ai?ciioe/iiai i?ioea-no – ca 34 ??/iee ia??iae aeyaeaii o?eueee
iaeei i?aeeii ? aeayea cieaeaiiy eiai ia-i?oaeaiino? oa cia/ia
?iciianthaeaeaiiy caoai?thaaiiy. A?aei?/aia caeiiii??i?noue iaoiiaeaia
oe?ieei canoinoaaiiyi aaeoeeie ANG, yea oneeaaeieea ai?ciioe/io
neooaoe?th, /a?ac ianai?/ania aaaaeaiiy ea?aioeiieo iaiaaeaiue oa
ca?aaeaiiy ia-?iaeaeaiiai iieiaeiyea M.bovis. Oea ni?eyei ?aoeeaeeao
oai?iae oa o?eaaeiio iaaeaaiiieo//th ainiiaea?noa.

Aecia/aia a?eueo aeniea niaoeeo?/i?noue oa aeoeai?noue IIAe-ooaa?eoe?io
aeey nnaaoe?a o??ie “A?ieae” /i.Oa?e?a/ oa anoaiiaeaia, a oiiaao
i?aeoe/ii? ea-ai?aoi??? aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie, aeua ?acoeueoaoeai?noue
oaeineiiaeaiiai ooo/-iiai aeeaeeueiiai na?aaeiaeua Eaaaiooaeia-??inaia.
?ic?iaeaia iaoeiai iaa-?oioiaaia nenoaia caoiae?a i?io?eaeoeee ?
ai?ioueae c ooaa?eoeueicii.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: ooaa?eoeueic, ai?ciioe/iee i?ioean, ooaa?eoe?i,
aeeaeeueia na?aaeiaeua.

Ei?ieaiei E.N. Yieciioieiae/aneea iniaaiiinoe ooaa?eoeaca e?oiiiai
?iaaoiai neioa a oneiaeyo Noaie Oe?aeiu, oniaa?oainoaiaaiea aeeaaiinoeee
e ai?ueau. – ?oeiienue.

Aeena?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa aaoa?eia?iuo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 16.00.08 – yieciioieiaey e eioaeoeeiiiua aieacie.
Einoeooo yenia?eiaioaeueiie e eeeie/aneie aaoa?eia?iie iaaeeoeeiu OAAI,
Oa?ueeia,1999.

A ?aaioa ?ane?uou iniaaiiinoe yieciioe/aneiai i?ioeanna e?oiiiai
?iaaoiai neioa ca 34 eaoiee ia?eiae /1966-1998 aa./. Iieacaii, /oi
iai?yaeaiiinoue yieciioe/aneiai i?ioeanna eiaao eeoue iaeei iiaeueai, n
iineaaeothuei iacia/eoaeueiui nieaeaieai, a caaieaaaiea aeeaioiuo
?aaeno?e?iaaeinue i?aeoe/anee ai anao ?aeiiao iaeanoe. Auyniaiu i?e/eiu
aeeeoaeueiiai iaaeaaiiieo/ey oicyenoa ii ooaa?eoeaco – ianaiaa?aiaiiia
aaaaeaiea ea?aioeiiuo ia?aie/aiee. Yoi, ai iiiaeo oicyenoaao, i?eaaei e
ca?aaeaieth iieiaeiyea ieeiaaeoa?eyie ooaa?eoeaca e ia?eiaee/aneiio
i?iyaeaieth ?aoeeaeeaa aieacie, a oaeaea aeeeoaeueiiio oa/aieth
aieciioe/aneiai i?ioeanna.

Ninoiyiea ca?aaeaiiinoe /aua ?aaeno?e?iaaeinue o aeeaioiuo, aic?anoii
9-18 ianyoeaa /12,7-15,7%/. O aieaa iieiaeiai e noa?oaai iiaieiauey
/anoioa aeea?ae/aneeo ?aaeoeee oiaiueoaeanue n iaeiecoei iieacaoaeai o
oaeyo aic?anoii 2-4 ianyoea /0,3%/. Iaeiia?aiaiii /anoioa
iaoieiaiaiaoiie/aneiai i?iyaeaiey ooaa?eoeaca oaaee/eaaeanue n
iyoeiany/iiai aic?anoa /5,2%/ e a ainueieiany/iii – ?aaiyeanue 10,3%.

Onoaiiaeaii,/oi i?e i/a?aaeiie aniuoea aieacie a oicyenoaao /aua anaai
?aaae?iaaee ia ooaa?eoeei ei?iau ia?aie /32,8%/, aoi?ie /24,7%/ e
o?aoueae /14,6%/ eaeoaoeee.

Cia/eoaeueiia aeeyiea ia aeeeoaeueiia oa/aiea ooaa?eoeaca aeeaioiuo
ieacaei i?eiaiaiea, a iauae nenoaia i?ioeaiyieciioe/aneeo ia?ii?eyoee,
aae-oeeiu ANG. Iieacaii, /oi, a oaeeo oicyenoaao ia ioia/aaony nieaeaiey
iai?yaeaiiinoe yieciioe/aneiai i?ioeanna a oa/aiea naie eao, a a
i?aaiecia eiioiece?iaaiiuo aeeaioiuo, ?aaae?othueo e ia?aaae?othueo ia
ooaa?eoeei ia?nenoe?otho ieeiaaeoa?ee ooaa?eoeaca, eioi?ua auaeaeythony
n i?ia iieiea a 40,0%.

IIAe-ooaa?eoeei aeey ieaeiieoathueo, ecaioiaeaiiue oe?iie “Aeieae” /a.
Oa?ueeia/, a iaaeaaiiieo/iuo ii ooaa?eoeaco oicyenoaao, iaeaaeaao aieaa
aunieie niaoeeoe/iinoueth e aeoeaiinoueth, /ai aea?aai, ecaioiaeaiiue
Eo?neie aeioaa?eeie. A neiii?iiaoe?iaaiiuo a ioiioaiee ieeiaaeoa?eiciie
eioaeoeee noaaeao IIAe-ooaa?eoeei aeey ieaeiieoathueo Eo?neie aeioaa?eee
auyaeyao, a iauai, aieueoa aeeaioiuo, /ai aea?aai oe?iu “Aeieae”.

I?iecaiaenoaaiiia eniuoaiea aaeoa?eieiae/aneie aooaeoeaiinoe
ieoaoaeueiie n?aaeu Eaaaiooaeia-Eainaia auyaeei i?aainoiaenoai
oniaa?oainoaiaaiiie iaae o?aaeeoeeiiiie eae ii nei?inoe iiyaeaiey ia?auo
eieiiee ieeiaaeoa?ee au/ueaai aeaea, oae e ii eiee/anoao iieiaeeoaeueiuo
?acoeueoaoia /a 2,5 ?aca/.

Ia i?eia?a naie oicyenoa yeiiiie/aneee oua?a, ia iaeii caaieaaoaa
aee-aioiia ooaa?eoeacii, ninoaaee 585,9 a?i. Ia 92,1% ii oi?ie?oaony
i?yiuie iioa?yie io aieacie.

Enneaaeiaaiey aeaee aiciiaeiinoue ?ac?aaioaoue nenoaio iao/ii
iainiiaai-iuo ia?ii?eyoee i?ioeeaeoeee e ai?ueau n ooaa?eoeacii e?oiiiai
?iaaoiai neioa, iicaieythuoth n o/aoii auyaeaiiuo yieciioieiae/aneeo
iniaaiiinoae i?iyaeaiey ooaa?eoeaca, ia ia?aii yoaia noaaeeece?iaaoue
neooaoeeth, a a iin-eaaenoaee, eeeaeaee?iaaoue aieaciue ia iaoe?iie
i?e?iaeii-aaia?aoe/aneie oa??eoi?ee.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: ooaa?eoeac, yieciioe/aneee i?ioeann, ooaa?eoeei,
ieoaoaeueiay n?aaea.

Korolenko L.S. Epizootologic peculiarities of bovine tuberculosis in
conditions of the Ukraine’s steppe, upgrading of diagnostics and
struggle.- Manuscript.

Dissertation for obtaining a scientific degree of the candidate of
veterinary science on the speciality 16.00.08.- epizootology and
infectious diseases.- Institute of the experimental and clinical
veterinary medicine of UAAS, Kharkiv,1999.

It has been shown that bovine tuberculosis in the natural geographic
area possessing certain peculiarities of its manifestation and spreading
influences an intensivity of the infectious process – during a 34 year
long period there was registered only one increase of its strength. It
has been noted that this regularity was conditioned by a wide use of the
BCG vaccine which aggravated an epizootic situation for quarantine
restrictions were not applied in due time and, subsequently, the
off-spring was exposed to the infection with M. bovis. This factor was
inducive to the disease’s relapse and a long-lasting adverse status of
the farms.

Higher specificity and activity of the tuberculin P.P.D. for mammals
(produced by “Biolek” firm, Kharkiv) has been found. Higher
effectiveness of the Levenschteine-Iensene’s modified artifical nutrient
medium has been reveled under conditions of a practical veterinary
madicine laboratory. It has been developed a scientifically grounded
system of the preventive and controlling measures against tuberculosis.

Key-words: tuberculosis, epizootic process, tuberculin, nutrient medium.

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