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Ліквідація залишкових водоприпливів і закріплення нестійких гірських порід під час будівництва та експлуатації вертикальних шахтних стволів: Автореф.

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IIIINOA?NOAI INAIOE OE?A?IE

IAOeIIIAEUeIA AI?IE*A AEAAeAIIss OE?A?IE

Ia i?aaao ?oeiieno

AeIEAEEEIA IAO?I IEEIEAEIAE*

OAeE 622.257.1:624.138.5

EIEAIAeAOeIss CAEEOEIAEO AIAeII?EIEEAIA I CAE?IIEAIIss

IANOIEEEO AI?NUeEEO II?IAe IIAe *AN AOAeIAIEOeOAA OA AENIEOAOAOeI?
AA?OEEAEUeIEO OAOOIEO NOAIEIA

Niaoeiaeueiinoue 05.15.04 – “Oaooia oa iiaecaiia aoaeiaieoeoai”

Aaoi?aoa?ao

aeena?oaoei? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

aeieoi?a oaoii/ieo iaoe

Aeiii?iiao?ianuee

1999

Aeena?oaoei?th ? ?oeiien?iaioa aeeiiaia a AeAAO “Niaoeoaiiiiaaeaaieiaiy”
Iiiinoa?noaa aoaieueii? i?iieneiainoi Oe?a?ieIaoeiaee eiinoeueoaio –
aeaaeaiie AAI oa AA Oe?a?ie, aeieoi? oaoii/ieo   
iaoe, i?ioani?, eao?aao Aea?aeaaii? i?aii?
N?N?,

EIIEI A?iano sseiae/, aieiaa i?aaeiiiy AeAAO “Niaoeoaiiiiaaeaaieiaiy”

Ioioeieii iiiiaioe: aeieoi? oaoii/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? IA?*AANUeEEE
                                         Eaiiiae sseiae/, i?ioani?
eaoaae?e ia?eoaeaea?i?           
                                         Iaoeiiiaeueii? ai?ie/i?
aeaaeaii? Oe?a?ie

aeieoi? oaoii/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? ONA*AIEI Ai?en Ie?iiiae/, caaiaeoaa/
aiaeaeieo iaoaiiee ai?nueeeo ii?iae Iinoeoooo aaioaoii/ii? iaoaiiee IAI
Oe?a?ie

aeieoi? oaoii/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Ae?OAEEI ?aaai Ai?eniae/, i?ioani?
eaoaae?e caeiciaaoiiieo eiino?oeoeie, iiaeaaeei i ooiaeaiaioia
Aeiiaanueei? aea?aeaaii? aeaaeaii? aoaeiaieoeoaa oa a?oioaeoo?e

I?iaiaeia onoaiiaa: Aeiiaanueeee a??ie/i-iaoaeo?a?eiee ?inoeooo,
eaoaae?a aoae?aieoeoaa oaoo ? i?aecaiieo nii?oae (i. Ae/aanuee)

Caoeno aiaeaoaeaoueny ” 04 ” /a?aiy 1999 ?. i 13-00 aiaeeii ia
caniaeaiii niaoeiaeiciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 08.080.04 i?e Iaoeiiiaeueiie
ai?ie/ie aeaaeaii? Oe?a?ie (320027, i. Aeiii?iiao?ianuee – 27, i?.
E.Ia?ena, 19).

C aeena?oaoei?th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a aiaeiioaoei Iaoeiiiaeueii?
ai?ie/i? aeaaeaii? Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 320027, i. Aeiii?iiao?ianuee –
27, i?. E. Ia?ena, 19.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?icineaiee ” 03 ” o?aaiy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoeiaeiciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee,

aeieo. oaoi. iaoe, n.i.n.

                                                                        
                                    ?I?IEI A.I.

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeueiinoue i?iaeaie. Aoaieueia i?iieneiainoue aeey Oe?a?ie ?
i?ei?eoaoiith a iaeeaii-aia?aaoe/iiio eiiieaeni. A oiiaao
?ano?oeoo?ecaoei? iiaeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiinoi ?iaioe aoaieueieo
iiaei?e?inoa aaciina?aaeiuei iia’ycaia, ia?o ca ana, c ?aeiino?oeoei?th
aeith/eo i oaeiae aoaeiaieoeoaii iiaeo aeeaieeo aa?oeeaeueieo noaieia.
Caieueoaiiy aeeaeie aiae?iaee aoaieueieo ieanoia aeeeeeaei cia/ia
iiai?oaiiy ai?ie/i-aaieiai/ieo i aiae?iaaieiai/ieo oiia aoaeiaieoeoaa oa
aenieoaoaoei? ye aa?oeeaeueieo noaieia, oae i oaoo a oeieiio.

Ii aeaiei “Oe?aoaeaaaieiai?” i?aeoe/ii ani aa?oeeaeueii noaiee oaoo
Aeiiaano nii?oaeaeoaaeenue oa aenieoaoothoueny o neeaaeieo
ai?ie/i-aaieiai/ieo oiiaao: eioieiai/ii ?ic?ice ii noaieai i?aaenoaaeaii
ia 60-80% iaaiaeiaieie ii?iaeaie. Oey ianoaaeia aecia/aea canoinoaaiiy
oeieiai ?yaeo niaoeniiniaia aiae?iicieyoei? iaaiaeiaieo ai?eciioia iiae
/an aoaeiaieoeoaa oa aenieoaoaoei? noaieia. Aea ia nueiaiaeiioiie aeaiue
72% aa?oeeaeueieo noaieia o Aeiiaani aenieoaoothoueny ic caeeoeiaeie
aiaeii?eieeaaie o aa?oeeaeueii noaiee 8-25 i3/a, a 7% – aei 50 i3/a.
Caeeoeia? aiaeii?eieeae o aa?oeeaeuei? noaiee i?eo?i/aii aei
iiuaii-aeeienoeo iie?eaieo aiaeeeaaeaiue, aenieiiaii?ieo ii?enoeo
iiuaieeia oa o?iueioaaoeo iaaiaeiaieo ii?iae. Neeaaeii aiae?iaaieiai/ii
oiiae iiaeaeuothoue niaiaa?oinoue aeaeiaooeo aoaieey a 1,3 – 1,5 ?aca,
?icei (a 2,5 – 6 ?acia) nei?i/othoueny oaiie i?iaaaeaiiy eaiioaeueieo oa
iiaeaioia/eo ae?iaie iiae /an ia?aoeio aiaeiiinieo ii?iae
neaaeiiaoaii?oiciaaii? oiaui, cia/ii (aei 0,5) iiaeaeuo?oueny
iiiai?iinoue aeieeiaiiy aaa?ieieo neooaoeie. Caeeoeiai aiaeii?eieeae o
aa?oeeaeueieo noaieao iio?aaothoue i?ae /an aoaeiaieoeoaa canoinoaaiiy
othaiiaiaiai e?iieaiiy, ui aei?iai eiooo?, nii?oaeaeaiiy ia?aea/ieo
eaia?, aia?ai?iieo oeiaethth/eo oa aiaeiaiaeaiaeieo nenoai; iiae /an
aenieoaoaoei? aa?aneaii iiaecaiii aiaee cieaeothoue no?ie neoaeae
e?iieaiiy noaiea oa aeaiaioia a?ioaaiiy ia 20-30%, a
aenieiiiia?aeiciaaii aei?noei oaooii aiaee, ui aiaeea/othoueny ia
iiaa?oith, caaaeathoue cia/ii? aeieiai/ii? oeiaee.

Aeey eieaiaeaoei? aiaeii?eieeaia oa cae?iieaiiy a ianoieeeo
iiuaii-aeeienoeo a?oioao ia?aaaaeii canoiniao?oueny caii?iaeoaaiiy,
cia/ii ?iaeoa – oiiicaoeiy. Oei iaoiaee aeoaea aei?iai, iathoue aeiaaee
no?ie ?aaeicaoei?, a cae?iieaiiy ia? oei/aniao aeith. O o?iueioaaoeo
ii?iaeao eieaiaeaoeiy caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia caeienithaaeanue
ia?aaaaeii iaoiaeii oeaiaioaoei?: oaoiieiai/ii noaie iineiaeoth/i?
oeaiaioaoei? a noaieao iio?aaothoue aeiaaiai /ano, cia/ieo o?oaeicao?ao,
a ?ic/ei ia? iaeee ?aaeion iioe?aiiy oa aeieaa?oueny iiaecaiieie
aiaeaie. O iieeiii?enoeo ii?iaeao Aeiiaano, ui neeaaeathoue aei 20% onio
aiaeiiinieo ai?eciioia ii noaieo, o?aaeeoeieii iaoiaee aiaeiiiaeaaeaiiy
(oeaiaioaoeiy, oiiicaoeiy) aoaeoa ia aeathoue. Ioaea aeey ae?ioaiiy
i?aeoe/ii aaaeeeai? i?iaeaie ii eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia o
noaieao iaiaoiaeii iiaeaeueoi aaeineiiaeaiiy aiaeiieo oa ?ic?iaea iiaeo
niaoeniiniaia aiaeiicieyoei? oa cae?iieaiiy ai?nueeeo ii?iae.

Aeoiaey/e c aiaeii-oice/ieo aeanoeainoae iiuaii-aeeienoeo, ii?enoeo oa
o?iueioaaoeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae, iaeaieueo ia?niaeoeaieie oa aoaeoeaieie
aeey eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia o aa?oeeaeueii noaiee oaoo ?
eiiieaeniee iaoiae oaiiiiaaeo aeeiioeaiaioieie ?ic/eiaie oa
aeaeo?ioiii/iee oaiiiiaae neeieaoieie i oei?enoeie ?ic/eiaie.
Aeena?oaoeieia ?iaioa i?enay/aia iiaeaeueoiio ?icaeoeo oa
aaeineiiaeaiith oaoiieiai/ieo noai eiiieaeniiai iaoiaeo oaiiiiaaeo
oeyoii iaea?aeaiiy iiaeo iaoeiaeo aeaieo i?i oa/ith a’yceiieanoe/ieo
?ic/eiia o o?iueioaaoeo oa a’yceeo o ii?enoeo ai?nueeeo ii?iaeao i
?ic?iaee iiaiai iaoiaeo aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ii?enoeo ii?iae.
Caaea/i, ui ae?ioothoueny o aeena?oaoei?, ? iiaee iai?yiie o oaooiiio
aoaeiaieoeoai oa a ?icaeoeo iaoeiai? oeiee ii ai?ioueai c iiaecaiieie
aiaeaie o ai?ie/ie ni?aai, noai?aiie o AeAAO “Niaoeoaiiiiaaeaaieiaiy”
iiae ea?iaieoeoaii aeaaeaiiea AAI ? AA Oe?a?ie, aeieoi?a oaoii/ieo iaoe,
i?ioani?a Eiiei A.ss.

Oaia aeena?oaoei? iia’ycaia c aeeiiaiiyi ieaiia iaoeiai-aeineiaeieo oa
eiino?oeoi?nueeeo ?iaio AeAAO “Niaoeoaiiiiaaeaaieiaiy” o aiaeiiaiaeiinoi
c eii?aeeiaoeieieie ieaiaie Iiiaoaeai?iia N?N? oa OeEII Iiiaoaeai?iia
Oe?a?ie o 1983-1997 ?.?. (oaie ?? 01860001341; 01870067239; 4019204000).

Iaoa ?iaioe – ia aaci eiiieaeniiai iaoiaeo oaiiiiaaeo ae?ioeoe i?iaeaio
eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia ic ii?enoeo i o?iueioaaoeo oa
cae?iieaiiy ianoieeeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae iiae /an aoaeiaieoeoaa oa
aenieoaoaoei? aa?oeeaeueieo noaieia oeyoii aeineiaeaeaiiy
caeiiiii?iinoae oi?ioaaiiy aiaeiicieyoeieieo caain ca eiioo?ii ae?iaee a
?icieo ii eioieiai/iiio neeaaeo oa eieaeoi?nueeei aeanoeainoyi ii?iaeao,
?ic?iaee iiaeo iaoiaeee ?ic?aooieo oaoiieiai/ieo ia?aiao?ia, oaoii/ieo
caniaia i oaoiieiaie aiaeiicieyoei? oa cae?iieaiiy iaaiaeiaieo ii?iae,
ui caaacia/othoue iiaeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiinoi aoaeiaieoeoaa oa
aenieoaoaoei? oaooieo noaieia.

Aeey aeinyaiaiiy aeacaii? iaoe a aeena?oaoeieiie ?iaioi noaaeyoueny oa
ae?ioothoueny neiaeoth/i caaea/i:

Anoaiiaeoe aiaeioe/ii caeaaeiinoi oaoiieiai/ieo ia?aiao?ia i?ioeano
aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo iiuaii-aeeienoeo oa ii?enoeo ii?iae;

Aiaeioe/ii iaea?aeaoe ?iaiyiiy ciiithaaiiy aiae?aaei/ieo ao?ao oeneo
iiae /an oa/i? a o?iueii a’yceiieanoe/iiai ?ic/eio c ?aieiai/ieie
ia?aiao?aie, ui ciiiththoueny;

Iaa?oiooaaoe i?eioeeie iiaeaethaaiiy i?ioeano aeaeo?ioiii/iiai
oaiiiiaaeo a ii?enoeo ii?iaeao oa i?ioeano oa/i? a’yceiieanoe/iiai
?ic/eio a o?iueii;

Aecia/eoe ?aoeiiiaeueii oaoiieiai/ii oa ?aaeeiii ia?aiao?e
aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ii?enoeo iiuaieeia i iiuaii-aeeienoeo
ii?iae; ?ic?iaeoe niinia ?ano?nicaa?iaath/iai aeene?aoiiai
aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo aeeienoeo ii?iae;

Anoaiiaeoe aiii?ii-aiaeioe/ii caeaaeiinoi ?aieiai/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee
aeeiioeaiaioiiai ?ic/eio aiae aiinoo no?oeoo?iooai?thaa/a oa /ano;

?ic?iaeoe iaoiaeeee i?iaeooaaiiy oaoiieiai/ieo oa ?aaeeiieo ia?aiao?ia
oi?ioaaiiy aiaeiicieyoeieieo caain ca eiioo?ii noaiea a ii?enoeo i
o?iueioaaoeo ii?iaeao;

Iaa?oiooaaoe aacia/ii oiiae i?iaaaeaiiy aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo
ai?nueeeo ii?iae o aa?oeeaeueiiio noaiei, ?ic?iaeoe oaoii/ii caniae oa
oaoiieiai/ii noaie eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia o noaiee oaoo.

Iniiaia iaeay ?iaioe – aeei?enoaiiy caeiiiii?iinoae i?ioeano oa/i? oa
no?oeoo?iooai?aiiy a’yceeo ?ic/eiia o ii?enoeo oa a’yceiieanoe/ieo o
o?iueioaaoeo ii?iaeao aeey ?ic?aooieo ia?aiao?ia i oi?aaeiiiy
oi?ioaaiiyi aiaeiicieyoeieieo caain-ae?aiia ca eiioo?ii aa?oeeaeueiiai
noaiea.

Iaoiaee aeineiaeaeaiue. Iaoiaee/io iniiao aeineiaeaeaiue neeaaea?
eiiieaeniee iiaeoiae: aiaeic oa ocaaaeueiaiiy eioa?aoo?ieo aeaieo i
oai?aoe/ii oa eaai?aoi?ii aeineiaeaeaiiy i?ioeano oa/i? a’yceeo ?ic/eiia
o ii?enoeo oa a’yceiieanoe/ieo o o?iueioaaoeo ii?iaeao i ia?aiao?ia
oi?ioaaiiy aiaeiicieyoeieieo caain; ?ic?iaea iiaeo iaoiaeee i?iaeooaaiiy
oa oaoiieiai/ieo noai eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia o
aa?oeeaeueii noaiee; aiaeic oai?aoe/ieo, eaai?aoi?ieo i i?iieneiaeo
?acoeueoaoia aeineiaeaeaiue.

Iaoeiai iieiaeaiiy, ui caoeuathoueny a aeena?oaoei?:

Iniiaiei eiio?ieueiei ia?aiao?ii eiiaoeee i?ioeano aeaeo?ioiii/iiai
oaiiiiaaeo ianoieeeo i ii?enoeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae ? ieoiiee aeaeo?e/iee
iii?, ii ciiiaiith yeiai aeaeieaii o?e noaaei? ia?aaiao a a?oioi
ii’?eoeieii-eiaaoeyoeieii-e?enoaeicaoeieieo i?ioeania. Aeniea iaiiiia
?iiinoue aeeienoeo a?oioia caaacia/o? iiae /an aeeeth/aiiy aeaeo?e/iiai
no?oio aeniiiaioeiaeueia caoooaiiy aeaeo?ieiiaoe/ieo i?ioeania c
aecia/aiei /anii ?aeaenaoei?; i?e aeene?aoiiio i?iioneaiii no?oio /a?ac
a?oio caaaeueia caeiiiii?iinoue ?icaeoeo i?ioeano caa?iaa?oueny,
iaeneiaeueiee /an ?aeaenaoei? caeeoeiaiai iioaioeiaeo noaiiaeoue 2,5 – 3
aiaeeie, a iaeaieueo iioeiaeueia cia/aiiy iieacieea aeene?ao-iinoi
noaiiaeoue 0 – 0,35.

Eiaoioei?io aeaeo?iiniino ii?enoeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae ia? caaaeueio
iaeiiieio caeaaeiinoue aiae a?aaei?ioa iai?oae ca ?aooiie aeyaeaiiy a
ii?ao a’ycei-ieanoe/ieo aeanoeainoae ?ic/eio – aeaeo?ieioo; iiney
aeinyaiaiiy ii?iaiaiai cia/aiiy a?aaei?ioa iai?oae 1 A/ni eiaoioei?io
aeaeo?iiniino aeey eioieiai/ii ?icieo ii?enoeo iiuaieeia ? aaee/eia
iinoieia i noaiiaeoue 0,8 – 4,0o10-9 i2/A(n, a ?ic/ei a ii?ao aeyaey?
oieueee a’ycei aeanoeainoi.

Aeniea nooiiiue iaiai?ioii? eieueiaoaoei? ii? o ii?enoeo iiuaieeao
?icii? nooiiii eioiaaiaco aeinyaa?oueny caaaeyee i?iioneaiith iinoieiiai
aeaeo?e/iiai no?oio aonoeiith 8-10 A/i2 c iaeii/aniith ii’?eoeith
?ic/eio neeieaoo iao?iy i e?aiiaooi?enoiaiaeiaai? eeneioe, eiaoioei?io
i?iieeiinoi iiuaieeia cieaeo?oueny o 30-50 ?acia. O iaii?ieo ii?enoeo
ai?eciioao c eiaoioei?ioii oieueo?aoei? iaioa 5o10-7 i/n caaaeyee
oi?aaeiiith i?ioeanii aeaeo?iiniino anoaiiaeth?oueny noaoeiiia?iee
oieueo?aoeieiee iioie ?ic/eio-aeaeo?ieioo, ui caaacia/o? ?iaiiaaaiii
oiiae aeey eiaaoeyoeieii-e?enoa-eicaoeieieo i?ioeania i caiiaiaa?
aeieaaiith ?ic/eio.

O i?ioeani i?iaaaeaiiy aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo iiuaii-aeeienoeo i
ii?enoeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae o aa?oeeaeueiiio noaiei e?ieiaa iai?oaa
eieaeiciaaia o iiaeaeaeo?iaeiiio i?inoi?i, ia e?iieaiii oa
iaoaeieiino?oeoeiyo noaiea aeaeo?e/iiai iioaioeiaeo iaia?,
eiioeaio?aoeiy iieaeoey?iiai aiaeith a noaiei noaiiaeoue ia aieueoa 0,3
%, a iiney caeii/aiiy ?iaio caeeoeiaee iioaioeiae o ai?ie/iio ianeai –
ia ia?aaieueoo? 300 iA, ui aeicaiey? i?iaiaeeoe eiiieaen
naa?aeeiaeaooiaeo ?iaio, a iiao oaoiieiaith aaaaeaoe aacia/iith.

5. Aiii?ii-aiaeioe/ii noaiaiaai caeaaeiinoi aeeiaii/iiai iai?oaeaiiy
cnoao, noaoe/iiai iai?oaeaiiy cnoao i ieanoe/ii? iioeiinoi aiae aiinoo
no?oeoo?i-ooai?thaa/a oa /ano oa/i? oaiiiiaaeiiai ?ic/eio c aenieith
oi/iinoth aiaeia?a-aeathoue oiceei-oiii/iee
eiaaoeyoeieii-e?enoaeicaoeieiee i?ioean no?oeoo?oaaiiy aenieiaeenia?nieo
aeeiioeaiaioieo nenoai, a oi?aae?iiy ?ooii oa coieieith oaiiiiaaeiiai
?ic/eio o o??uei? aecia/a?oueny a?ae?iaeeiaie/ieie ao?aoaie oeneo, ui
caeaaeaoue a?ae ci?iaiiy aeeiai?/iiai iai?oaeaiiy cnoao ?ic/eio ca /anii
ca oiiae noaoe?iia?iiai ?aaeeio iaai?oaiiy; aea?? ?aoeaioo?e
aeeiioea-iaioiiai ?ic/eio oa /ano eiai oa/?? aei e??ieaiiy noaiea
iniiaai? ia i?eioeei? oi?aaey?iiai oi?ioaaiiy no?eei? i?io?eueo?aoe?eii?
caa?ne o o??ueioaaoiio a??nueeiio ianea? ia ?ac?aoiaai?e a?aenoai? a?ae
ae?iaee c iaoith caiia?aaiiy ?oeioaaiiy e??ieaiiy oa aeoiae?a ?ic/eio a
noaie.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?iaioe:

oai?aoe/ii iaa?oioiaaii oa aenia?eiaioaeueii aeiaaaeaii, ui iiae /an
ia?iiaee/iiai aiaeeeth/aiiy aeaeo?e/iiai no?oio a aeeienoeo a?oioao
aeaeo?i-eiiaoe/ii i?ioeane i?iaeiaaeothoueny c aecia/aiei /anii
?aeaenaoei?; aaaaeaiee iiaee iieaciee aeene?aoiinoi i?ioeano,
anoaiiaeaii iioeiaeueii ?aaeeiii ia?aiao?e, caeaaeiinoi iioeiinoi,
?aaeiona cae?iieaiiy a?oioa oa ii?e aeiiiii? aeaeo?iaia?ai? aiae
iieacieea aeene?aoiinoi;

noi?ioeueiaaia i ae?ioaia caaea/a aecia/aiiy oaeaeeinoi oa/i? a’ycei?
?iaeeie a iaii?iiio ii?enoiio ai?eciioi iiae aei?th iinoieiiai
aeaeo?e/iiai no?oio, oai?aoe/ii oa aenia?eiaioaeueii anoaiiaeaia
iaeiiieia caeaaeiinoue eiaoioei?ioa aeaeo?iiniino aiae a?aaei?ioa
iai?oae a ii?enoeo iiuaieeao oa iaeanoue ?? aeyaeaiiy;

aia?oa aenia?eiaioaeueii aeiaaaeaia i?eioeeiiaeueia iiaeeeainoue
iaiai?ioii? aiaeiicieyoei? ii?enoeo iiuaieeia iaoiaeii aeaeo?ioiii/iiai
oaiiiiaaeo; anoaiiaeaii caeiiiii?iino? ?icaeoeo i?ioeano, aoaeoeaii
oaoiiei-ai/ii ia?aiao?e, ?ic/eie – aeaeo?ieioe; iaa?oioiaaia iaeanoue
aeei?enoaiiy aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ii?enoeo iiuaieeia ?icii?
nooiaii eioiaaiaco;

anoaiiaeaia iiaa aiaeioe/ia caeaaeiinoue aiae?iaeeiaii/ieo ao?ao oeneo
ii aeiaaeeii o?iueie iiae /an iaaiioaiiy a’yceiieanoe/iiai oaiiiiaaeiiai
?ic/eio c ?aieiai/ieie aeanoeainoyie, ui ciiiththoueny; iaea?aeaii
oai?aoe/ii caeaaeiinoi aeeiaii/iiai iai?oaeaiiy cnoao, noaoe/iiai
iai?oaeaiiy cnoao i ieanoe/ii? iioeiinoi aeeiioeaiaioiiai ?ic/eio aiae
eiioeaio?aoei? neeieaoo iao?iy oa /ano no?oeoo?iooai?aiiy;

aiaeioe/ii i aenia?eiaioaeueii iaa?oioiaaii eiino?oeoeaii oa
oaoiieiai/ii ia?aiao?e oi?ioaaiiy aiaeiicieyoeieieo caain ia caaeaiie
aiaenoaii ca eiioo?ii aa?oeeaeueiiai noaiea iiae /an eieaiaeaoei?
caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia ic ii?enoeo i o?iueioaaoeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae,
ui aeicaiey? caiiaiaoe aeaoi?io-aaiith e?iieaiiy oa aeoiaeai ?ic/eio o
noaie;

aia?oa anoaiiaeaia caeiiiii?iinoue ?iciiaeieaiiy e?ieiai? iai?oae a
iaaeieiaeaeo?iaeiiio i?inoi?i, ia e?iieaiii oa iaoaeieiino?oeoeiyo
noaiea iiae /an i?iioneaiiy no?oio oa caeeoeiaiai iioaioeiaeo iiney eiai
aiaeeeth/aiiy; ?ic?iaeaii oaoii/ii caniae oa nenoaia niaoeiaeueieo
aeieoaaiue aia?aiaeiea aeey aacia/iiai i?iaaaeaiiy aeaeo?ioiii/iiai
oaiiiiaaeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae ii ?iciei oaoiieiai/iei noaiai;

?ic?iaeai? iiai iaoiaeeee i?iaeooaaiiy oaoiieiai/ieo i ?aaeeiieo
ia?aiao?ia oi?ioaaiiy aiaeiicieyoeieieo caain iiae /an eieaiaeaoei?
caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia o aa?oeeaeueii noaiee oaoo ic ii?enoeo i
o?iueioaaoeo ii?iae.

Iaa?oioiaaiinoue i aeinoiai?iinoue iaoeiaeo iieiaeaiue, aeniiaeia oa
?aeiiaiaeaoeie iiaeoaa?aeaeo?oueny:

canoinoaaiiyi eeane/ieo iaoiaeia oa caeiiia aeaeo?iaeeiaiiee,
a?ae?i-aeeiaiiee, iaoaiaoe/ii? noaoenoeee;

aenieioi/ieo aeii?thaaeueieo i?eeaaeia oa ia?aai?aieo iaoiaeia
aenia-?eiaioaeueieo aeineiaeaeaiue;

caaeia?eueiith ca?aei?noth oai?aoe/ieo ? aenia?eiaioaeueieo ?acoeueoao?a
(iioeaea ia a?eueoa 10%);

iiceoeaieie ?acoeueoaoaie ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iiaeo oaoiieiaie o oaooiiio
aoaeiaieoeoai.

Iaoeiaa cia/aiiy ?iaioe iieyaa? a ae?ioaiii aeooaeueii? aeey oaooiiai
aoaeiaieoeoaa i?iaeaie ii eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia ic
o?iueioaaoeo i ii?enoeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae oeyoii ocaaaeueiaiiy,
oi?ioethaaiiy oa ?ica’ycaiiy caaea/ oa/i? a’yceeo ?ic/eiia-aeaeo?ieioia
o ii?enoeo i a’yceiieanoe/ieo ?ic/eiia o o?iueioaaoeo ii?iaeao,
io?eiaiii iniiaieo caeiiiii?iinoae, iaa?oiooaaiii oaoiieiai/ieo i
?aaeeiieo ia?aiao?ia oi?ioaaiiy aiaeiici-eyoeieieo caain ca eiioo?ii
noaiea.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?iaioe iieyaa? a ianooiiiio:

?ic?iaeaia oaoiieiaiy cae?iieaiiy oa aiaeiicieyoei? ianoieeeo
iiuaii-aeeienoeo ii?iae iaoiaeii aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo iiae /an
aoaeiaieoeoaa oa aenieoaoaoei? aa?oeeaeueieo noaieia oaoo;

?ic?iaeaia i?eioeeiiai iiaa oaoiieiaiy aeaeo?oiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo
ii?enoeo iiuaieeia iiae /an aoaeiaieoeoaa oa aenieoaoaoei? aa?oeeaeueieo
noaieia, yea aeicaiey? eieaiaeoaaoe caeeoeiai aiaeii?eieeae, aeeiioaaoe
e?iieaiiy aaoiiii, caieueoeoe oaiie i?ioiaeieoeueeeo ?iaio;

?ic?iaeaia oaoiieiaiy eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia ic
o?iue-ioaaoeo ii?iae oeyoii iaaiioaiiy aeeiioeaiaioieo ?ic/eiia /a?ac
iiiiiaeueio eieueeinoue iioeei-ni?yiiaaieo naa?aeeiaei.

?aaeicaoeiy ?acoeueoaoia aeineiaeaeaiue, aeniiaeia i ?aeiiaiaeaoeie
?iaioe:

Iniiaii iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoeieii? ?iaioe oaieoee neeaaeiaith /anoeiith
a

neiaeoth/i aeieoiaioe:

Oeiiaee i?iaeo aeaeo?io?ii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ianoieeeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae
iiae /an aoaeiaieoeoaa onoy aa?oeeaeueieo noaieia oaoo /
Niaoeoaiii-iaaeaaieia?y. – Aio?aoeeo, 1988.

Oeiiaee i?iaeo aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo iaaiaeiaieo ii?enoeo
iiuaieeia ic aeaith i?e i?ioiaeoei aa?oeeaeueiiai noaiea /
Niaoeoaiiiiaaeaai-eia?y. – Aio?aoeeo, 1988.

Iiynithaaeueia caienea aei noaie aia?aicaaacia/aiiy aeieueieoei
aeaeo?i-oiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae / Niaoeoaiiiiaaeaaieia?y.
– Aio?aoeeo, 1991.

Iaeeie/ii ?icoeiiee ia aeeiiaiiy aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo a ai?ueneeo
ii?iaeao iiae /an aoaeoaaiiy oaooieo noaieia / Niaoeoaiiiiaaeaaieia?y. –
Aio?aoeeo, 1990.

Iaoiaeeea i?iaaaeaiiy aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeineiaeaeaiue oa iaoiaeeea
i?iaeooaaiiy oaoiieiai/ieo i ?aaeeiieo ia?aiao?ia eieaiaeaoei?
caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia o aa?oeeaeueieo noaieao ic iiuaii-aeeienoeo,
ii?enoeo oa o?iueioaaoeo ii?iae aeei?enoiao?oueny a NOAO AeAAO
“Niaoeoaiiiiaaeaaieiaiy” iiae /an i?iaeooaaiiy oaiiiiaaeieo ?iaio.

Oaoiieiaiy aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo iiuaii-aeeienoeo ii?iae
aeei-?enoaia i?ae /an aoaeiaieoeoaa aaionoaiea ? 6 AO “Iaooianueea”,
aaionoaiea ? 3 A?oaiianueeiai aeaaano?iaiai eiiaiiaoo. Eieaiaeaoeiy
caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia ic ii?enoeo iiuaieeia iaoiaeii
aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo aeeiiaia i?ae /an aoaeiaieoeoaa noaiea OO
“AEiaoiaaa” AeOE “Aeiiaoeueeaoaieey”. Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy oaoiieiai?
eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia ic o?iueioaaoeo ii?iae aeeiiaii
i?ae /an aenieoaoaoei? eeioueiaiai noaiea oaooe “Oi?aoeueea” AeAAO
“Aeca?aeeinueeaoaieey” i aeiiiiiaeiiai noaiea ? 2 oaooe “THaieaeia” AO
“?inoiaaoaieey”.

Iniaenoee aianie aaoi?a iieyaa? a iinoaiiaoei caaea/ aeineiaeaeaiiy,
oi?ioethaaiii oa ae?ioaiii caaea/ oa/i? oaiiiiaaeieo ?ic/eiia o ii?enoeo
i o?iueioaaoeo ii?iaeao, ?ic?iaoei iaoiaeee i i?iaaaeaiii eaai?aoi?ieo
oa iaoo?ieo aeineiaeaeaiue, o/anoi a ?ic?iaoei oaoii/ieo caniaia i
oaoiieiai/ieo noai, ?ic?iaoei iaoiaeee i?iaeooaaiiy ia?aiao?ia
eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?e-ieeaia ic ii?enoeo oa o?iueioaaoeo
ai?nueeeo ii?iae. Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoaoia aeena?oaoei? a i?aeoeeo
oaooiiai aoaeiaieoeoaa caeienithaaeinue ca iniaenoi? o/anoi aaoi?a.

Ai?iaaoeiy ?acoeueoaoia aeineiaeaeaiue. Iniiaii iieiaeaiiy
aeena?oaoeieii? ?iaioe aeiiiaiaeaeenue oa aoee noaaeaii ia: iaoeiaeo
eiioa?aioeiyo OI IAeOO (i. Oaooe, 1987, 1988, 1990, 1995-1998 ?.?.),
ananithciiio iaoeiaiio naiiia?i a IAeO (i. Iineaa, 1988 ?.), ananithciie
ia?aaei ii iaoeiai-oaoii/iiio i?ia?ano iiae /an aoaeiaieoeoaa oaooieo
noaieia (i. Aeiiaoeuee, 1988 ?.), 47-ie iaoeiaie eiioa?aioei? EAAeI (i.
Ee?a, 1991 ?.), iiaeia?iaeiie eiioa?aioei? “I?iaeaie aaiaiae?iiaoaiiee a
ai?ie/ie ni?aai oa aoaeiaieoeoai” (i. Ee?a, 1996 ?.), iaoeiai-ae?iaie/eo
eiioa?aioeiyo “I?iaaaeaiiy aa?oeeaeueieo noaieia, aieynoaieiaeo aeai?ia,
ai?eciioaeueieo i iioeeeo ae?iaie iiae /an aoaeiaieoeoaa oaoo” (i.
Oaooe, 1990, 1997, 1998 ?.?.), ananithciee ia?aaei ii oaooiiio
aoaeiaieoeoao (i. Oe?ieaoc, 1990 ?.), caniaeaiii iaoeiai-oaoii/ii? ?aaee
GZL (i.Ethaeyia, 1990 ?.), caniaeaiii iaoeiai-oaoii/ii? ?aaee eiiiaiie
GMI oa NAN (i.Oaeiae, 1997, 1999 ?.?.), ?icoe?aieo iaoeiai-oaoii/ieo
?aaeao: IaeIAeI (i. Iaei?aea, 1990 ?.), o?anoo
“Aeiiaoeueeoaooii?ioiaeea” (i. Aeiiaoeuee, 1998, 1990 ?.?.), AI
“Oe?oaooiaoae”, “Aeiiaoeueeaoaieey”, “Aeia?iiieeyaoaieey” (i.
Aeiiaoeuee, 1987-1990 ?.?.), iaoeiaeo naiiia?ao IAA Oe?a?ie (i.
Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, 1998, 1999 ?.?.) oa AeAAO “Niaoeoaiiiiaaeaaieiaiy”
(i.Aio?aoeeo, 1983-1999 ?.?.).

Ioaeieaoei?. Iniiaii iieiaeaiiy aeeiiaiiy aeineiaeaeaiue aiaeia?aaeaii o
28 ae?oeiaaieo ?iaioao, o oiio /enei: noaooi o oaoiaeo aeaeaiiyo – 15,
iaoaioe oa aaoi?nueei naiaeioeoaa ia aeiaoiaee – 5, oace aeiiiaiaeae –
5.

No?oeoo?a oa ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoeiy neeaaea?oueny c anooio, oanoe
?icaeieia, aeniiaeia, nieneo aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae i aeiaeaoeia.
Iinoeoue 371 noi?iieo iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, a oiio /enei 69 ?enoieia, 60
oaaeeoeue, nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae c 203 iaeiaioaaiue oa 7
aeiaeaoeia.

Aaoi? aeneiaeth? ue?o iiaeyeo aeaaeai?eo AAI oa AA Oe?a?ie, aeieoi?o
oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?o A.ss. E?iei ca iino?eio oaaao, oa oe?ii?
ii?aaee i?e aeeiiaii? aeine?aeaeaiue ? i?aeaioiaoe? aeena?oaoe??, a
oaeiae aeieoi?ai oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?ai TH.I. Ni?/aeo ? TH.A
Iieiciao, an?i ni?a?ia?oieeai NOAO ca aeiiiiiao a i?iaaaeaii?
aenia?eiaio?a ? i?iieneiaiio ai?iaaaeaeaiith ?acoeueoao?a
aeine?aeaeaiue.

INIIAIEE CIINO ?IAIOE

Noai ieoaiiy.

Oaoiieiai/iee i?ioean nii?oaeaeaiiy aeeaieeo aa?oeeaeueieo noaieia, ui
caeia? 35-50% /ano aoaeiaieoeoaa oaooe, ye i?aaeei, ia?aaeaa/a?
icieyoeith niaoeiaeueieie niiniaaie iaii?ieo aiaeiiinieo ai?eciioia i
cae?iieaiiy ieeaoiieo a?oioia o ?ic?ici noaiea. Iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaiee
aeai? niaoeiaeueiiai niiniao i?ioiaeee noaiea cia/ii aieeaa? ia oa?iii i
oaoiiei-aeiiiii/ii iieacieee aoaeiaieoeoaa i a iiaeaeueoiio
aenieoaoaoei? ye oaooiiai noaiea, oae i ai?ie/iai iiaei?e?inoaa a
oeieiio. Aaee/aciee aianie o iaoeiai aeineiaeaeaiiy, ?ic?iaeo oa
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy niaoeieueieo niiniaia nii?oaeaeaiiy eaiioaeueieo ai?ie/eo
ae?iaie aianee oaei a/aii: Aaeaiiae/ A.I., Aeoiaoia I.O., Aa?yo A.A.,
Aiiaea?aiei A.I., Aaeue/aiei I.I., Aeoaea A.A., Ae?oaeei A.A.,
Caneaanueeee TH.C., Eaeieeia A.I., Eiiei A.ss., Eaaoiia A.A.,
Eioaiinueeee A.A., Eooieeiaa I.TH., Iaeneiia I.I., Iaiueeianueeee A.I.,
Ianiiia I.Ae., Iieicia TH.A., Iieiaia A.Ae., I?inoia N.I., Naeaiaoia
I.I., Nii/ae TH.I., Ne?eii I.N., O?oiae I.A., Oth?eyi ?.A., Oyiyeyeiai
A.A., Ooieie I.I. oa aaaaoi iioeo.

Aiaeic ai?ie/i-aaieiai/ieo oiia aoaeiaieoeoaa oa aenieoaoaoei?
aa?oe-eaeueieo noaieia oaoo Aeiiaano ca inoaiii 20 ?ieia iieaco?, ui
aieueoa iieiaeie c ieo ii ?iciei i?e/eiai iathoue caeeoeiai
aiaeii?eieeae aeua ii?i AIiIa. Caeeoeiai aiaeii?eieeae a ?ic?ici noaieia
a iniiaiiio i?iyaeythoueny a o?iueioaaoeo i aenieiiaii?ieo ii?enoeo
ai?nueeeo ii?iaeao, a oaeiae nooo?ai o?oaeiiui caaaeathoue iaaiaeiaii
ianoieei iiuaii-aeeienoi a?oioe. ?aiioa, ia?aaaaeii aeey eieaiaeaoei?
caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia o noaieao, canoiniaoaaany iaoiae oeaiaioaoei?,
a a aeayeeo aeiaaeeao – oiiicaoeiy, i?e oeueiio a iieeiii?enoeo
iiuaieeao c aeoaea iaeeie eiaoioei?ioaie oieueo?aoei? aeiaeai iaoiae
aoaeoeaii ia canoiniao?oueny; caii?iaeoaaiiy ianoieeeo iiuaii-aeeienoeo
a?oioia aea? oei/aniaa cae?iieaiiy. Oiio a iioa?aaeao ii?enoeo i
iano?eeeo iiuaii-aeeienoeo ii?iae aeey e?iieaiiy canoiniaothoueny
iaoaeaai othaiiae, ui iathoue aenieo aa?oinoue.

Ia i?aenoaa? aiae?ca aiaeii-oice/ieo aeanoeainoae iacaaieo a??nueeeo
ii?iae, iaeaieueo aoaeoeaiei aeey eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia
oa cae?iieaiiy ianoieeeo a?oioia iiae /an aoaeiaieoeoaa i aenieoaoaoei?
aa?oeeaeueieo noaieia ? canoinoaaiiy eiiieaeniiai iaoiaeo oaiiiiaaeo
aeeiioeaiaioieie ?ic/eiaie o?iueioaaoeo ai?eciioia oa aeaeo?ioiii/iiai
oaiiiiaaeo ii?enoeo i iiuaii-aeeienoeo ii?iae. Aeeiiaiee aiaeic
inioth/eo no/anieo oai?aoe/ieo aeineiaeaeaiue uiaei oa/i? ?ic/eiia o
ai?nueeeo ii?iaeao, iaoiae?a i?iaeooaaiiy oaoiieiai/ieo ia?aiao?ia,
oaoii/ieo caniaia aiaeiicieyoei? oa cae?iieaiiy ii?iae iieaco?, ui
iaiaoiaeii aeeiiaoe iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie inioth/eo oa ?ic?iaeo iiaeo
niiniaia oaiiiiaaeo ii?enoeo oa o?iueioaaoeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae ca
eiioo?ii noaiea iiae /an eiai aoaeiaieoeoaa aai aenieoaoaoei?. Iniiaia
iaeay ?iaioe iieyaa? a oi?aaey-?iiio oi?ioaaiii aiaeiicieyoeieieo caain
o aiaeiiane/aieo ii?iaeao ia caaeaiie aiaenoaii aiae noaiea c iaoith
caaacia/aiiy caa?aaeaiiy oeieiniinoi e?iieaiiy, caii-aiaaiiy aeoiaeia
?ic/eio a noaie i aaciaee ?iaio ia aaci iiaeo caeiiiii?iinoae i?ioeano
oa/i? ?ic/eiia o ii?enoeo i o?iueioaaoeo ii?iaeao. Oiio o ?iaioi
iineiaeiaii i aca?iica’ycaii ?icaeyiooi ieoaiiy aeaeo?ioiii/iiai
oaiiiiaaeo ianoieeeo iiuaii-aeeienoeo a?oioia oa ii?enoeo iiuaieeia i
oaiiiiaaeo o?iue-ioaaoeo ii?iae aeeiioeaiaioieie ?ic/eiaie oeyoii
ae?ioaiiy aeacaieo caaea/.

Oai?aoe/ii aeineiaeaeaiiy oaoiieiai/ieo ia?aiao?ia oa i?ioeano oa/i?
oaiiiiaaeieo ?ic/eiia o ai?nueeeo ii?iaeao

a i?aeaeaeo?iaeiiio i?inoi?i ieoiiee aeaeo?e/iee iii? aecia/a?oueny ca
?iaiyiiyi:

, (1)

– ?aaeion aeaeo?iaea, i.

Aeene?aoiee i?ioean i?iioneaiiy aeaeo?e/iiai no?oio /a?ac a?oioe c
iaoith ?o cae?iieaiiy oa aiaeiiciethaaiiy ia? nain ?icaeyaeaoe oieueee a
aeeiao ic aenieith iaiiiiith ?iiinoth (aieueoa 600 ia/100 a). O oaeeo
a?oioao i?e aiaeeeth/aiii aeaeo?e/iiai no?oio ca ?aooiie ia?a?iciiaeieo
iiiia aeaeo?ieeiaoe/ii i?ioeane caoooathoue ca aeniiiaioeiaeueiei
caeiiii ic aecia/aiei /anii ?aeaenaoei?. Aeene?aoiee i?ioeann
aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo aeeienoeo ii?iae o iiaiie ii?i
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny iiaei iieacieeii aeene?aoiinoi:

, (2)

– /an ianeaii? oa aeoeaii? aeaeo?iia?iaee a?oioa, n,

.

I?e i?iaaaeaiii aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo a ii?enoeo iaaiaeiaieo
ai?eciioao c aenieei ieanoiaei oeneii iaiaoiaeii a?aoiaoaaoe oaeaeeinoue
oieueo?aoei? iiaecaiieo aiae. C oei?th iaoith ciiaeaeueiaaia oa ae?ioaia
caaea/a oa/i? a’ycei? ?iaeeie o iaii?iiio ii?enoiio ianeai iiae aei?th
aeaeo?e/iiai no?oio. I’thoiiianueea ?iaeeia iiae /an oa/i? a oiieeo
eai?ey?ao aeyaey? a’yceiieanoe/ii aeanoeainoi. Oiio oa/iy
?ic/eio-aeaeo?ieioo a ii?ao iieno?oueny ocaaaeueiaiei ?iaiyiiyi
Iaa’?-Noiena. Aiaeioe/ii ?icaeyiooi aiae?iaeeiaii/iee oa
aeaeo?i-iniioe/iee ?ooe ?iaeeie a ii?enoiio ianeai i?e
aca?ii-ia?iaiaeeeoey?ieo iai?yieao ?o a?aaei?ioia. Iaea?aeaia nenoaia
?iaiyiue a aeaea?oiaeo eii?aeeiaoao ia? aeaeyae:

, (3)

– aeiaeaeo?e/ia eiinoaioa.

– aiaenoaiue aei ieiueie eiacaiiy, i.

. Oiio a caaaeueiiio aeiaaeeo iaea?aeaii ?iaiyiiy oaeaeeinoi ?ooo
?iaeeie a oeeeiiae?e/iiio eaiiey?i iiae aei?th aeaeo?e/iiai no?oio a
caeaaeiinoi aiae a?aaei?ioa iai?oae, yea i?ney ni?iuaiiy ia? aeaeyae:

(4)

– aaee/eie, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue aeaeo?e/ii oa a’yceiieanoe/ii
aeanoeainoi ?iaeeie.

, c ?iaiyiiy (4) aeoiea?, ui eiaoioeiaio aeaeo?iiniino ii?enoeo ii?iae
ia? iaeiiieio caeaaeiinoue aiae a?aaei?ioa iai?oae ca ?aooiie aeyaeaiiy
a ii?ao a’yceiieanoe/ieo aeanoeainoae ?ic/eio, aea iiney aeinyaiaiiy
ii?iaiaiai cia/aiiy a?aaei?ioa iai?oae oa/iy ?iaeeie ? a’yceith, a
eiaoioei?io aeaeo?iiniino ? aaee/eia iinoieia. Caiaeee aeieeaa?, ui
oi?aaeyoe i?ioeanii oa/i? ?ic/eio-aeaeo?ieioo a ii?enoiio ianeai
iaiaoiaeii oeyoii ?aaoethaaiiy a?aaei?ioa iai?oae.

Aeey aecia/aiiy noia?ii? oaeaeeinoi ?ooo ?iaeeie a ii?enoiio ianeai iiae
aei?th aeaeo?e/iiai no?oio iaea?aeaii ?iaiyiiy, yea aeicaiey?
?ic?aooaaoe ?aaeeiii ia?aiao?e oi?aaey?iiai aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo
ianeaa:

, (5)

– eiaoioei?io oieueo?aoei?, i/n; I – a?aaei?io ieanoiaiai iaii?o; I0 –
ii/aoeiaee a?aaei?io oieueo?aoei?.

C?iaeaii ?ac?aooiee ca?aeii iaea?aeaiiai ??aiyiiy (5) iieacaee, ui i?e
oaeaeeinoi oieueo?aoei? iiaecaiieo aiae ~ 10-7 i/n, aeey oi?aaeiiiy
i?ioeanii aeaeo?ioiioaiiiiaaeo iai?oaa ia aeaeo?iaeao iiaeiia
ia?aaieueooaaoe 330 A.

Aeineiaeaeaiiy oi?aaey?iiai i?ioeano oa/i? oa no?oeoo?oaaiiy
a’ycei-ieanoe/iiai ?ic/eio a o?iueioaaoeo ai?nueeeo ii?iaeao aeeiiaii c
o?aooaaiiyi iaiaoiaeiinoi oeieueini?yiiaaiiai ciiiaiiy ?aieiai/ieo
aeanoeainoae ?iaeeie a caeaaeiinoi aiae /ano. Oi?aaeiiiy
aiae?iaeeiaii/ieie ao?aoaie oeneo iiae /an ?ooo ?ic/eio a o?iueii
aeinyaa?oueny ca ?aooiie ciiiaiiy aeeiaii/iiai iai?oaeaiiy cnoao ?ic/eio
a i?ioeani oa/i?. O ii/aoeiaee ia?iiae iaeaieueo aoaeoeaii ia ?aieiaith
aeeiioeaiaioieo ?ic/eiia aieeaa? neeieao iao?iy. I?e oeueiio noaiaiaaa
ooieoeiiiaeueia caeaaeiinoue cnoaieo oa?aeoa?enoee aeeiioeaiaioii?
oaiiiiaaeii? nenoaie aiae eiioeaio?aoei? neeieaoo iao?iy oa /ano
iaeaieueo aaeaeaaoii aiaeia?aaea? caeiiiii?iinoue no?oeoo?iooai?aiiy.
Aiaeioe/ii iaea?-aeaia caeaaeiinoue ao?ao oeneo iiae /an oa/i? a o?iueii
a’yceiieanoe/iiai ?ic/eio aiae ciiiaiiy aeeiaii/iiai iai?oaeaiiy cnoao,
eieueeinoi no?oeoo?iooai?thaa/a oa /ano:

, (6)

– aeeiaii/ia iai?oaeaiiy cnoao, Ia; A, b – aiii?e/ii eiaoioei?ioe; T –
/an oa/i? ?ic/eio, n.

Aoaeoeaiinoue iinoaiiaee icieyoeieieo caain ca eiioo?ii noaiea o
ii?enoeo oa o??ueioaaoeo aiaeiiinieo ii?iaeao aecia/a?oueny i?aaeeueiei
aeai?ii eiino?oeoeaieo aeaiaioia caaine, a ia?oo /a?ao ?? oiaueie, c
o?aooaaiiyi ai?ie/iaaieiai/ieo oaeoi?ia, aeanoeainoae oaiiiiaaeieo
?ic/eiia oa ia?aiao?ia oaoiieiai?.

A ianoieeeo iiuaii-aeeienoeo a?oioao oiaueia ciie cae?iieaiiy
aecia/a?oueny aaee/eiith ai?nueeiai oeneo, aenioith i?ioiaeieoeueei?
caoiaeee oa cnoaieie aeanoeainoyie cae?iieaieo a?oioia. Aeoiaey/e ic
aiae?iaeeiaii/iiai ?iaiyiiy ?ooo a’yceiieanoe/iiai ?ic/eio a ii?ao i
a?aoiaoth/e ciiiaiiy ?icii?o inoaiiio iiae /an eieueiaoaoei?, ia aaci
caeaaeiinoi (5) iaea?aeaii ?iaiyiiy aeey ?ic?aooieo oiaueie caaine a
ii?enoeo iiuaieeao:

(7)

– aonoeia aiaee, ea/i3.

O o?iueioaaoiio iaaiaeiaiiio ianeai oi?ioaaiiy i?ioeoieueo?aoeieii?
caaine iaiao?aeii aeeiioaaoe ia caaeaiie aiaenoaii aiae noaiea, ui
aecia/a?oueny ca ?iaiyiiyi:

, (8)

– aeeiaii/ia iai?oaeaiiy cnoao ?ic/eio c o?aooaaiiyi /ano oa eieueeinoi
neeieaoo iao?iy.

3. Aenia?eiaioaeueii aeineiaeaeaiiy aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo
ai?nueeeo ii?iae

Aieiaiith iaoith aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeineiaeaeaiue aoei – anoaiiaeoe
caeiiiii?iinoue ?icaeoeo i?ioeano aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ianoieeeo
iiuaii-aeeienoeo oa iaaiaeiaieo ii?enoeo ii?iae i i?e oeueiio aecia/eoe
iioeiaeueii oaoiieiai/ii ia?aiao?e. ?ic?iaeaii aenia?eiaioaeueii noaiaee
oa iaoiaeeee i?iaaaeaiiy eaai?aoi?ieo aeineiaeaeaiue aeicaieyee aeeiiaoe
oice/ia iiaeaethaaiiy i?ioeano aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ianoieeeo o7a
ii?enoeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae o noaoe/ieo oiiaao oa c aeeiaii/iei ?aaeeiii
oieueo?aoei? aiaee. Ocaaaeueiaiiy oa aiaeic ?acoeueoaoia aeineiaeaeaiue
aeeiioaaeinue iaoiaeaie iaoaiaoe/ii? noaoenoeee c aeio?eiaiiyi i?aaeea
aaieiai/ii? iaeii?iaeiinoi ai?nueeeo ii?iae o aaiaoe/iiio oa
no?aoea?aoi/iiio aiaeiioaiiyo.

?acoeueoaoe iiaeaethaaiiy aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ianoieeeo
iiuaii-aeeienoeo ii?iae ic aacia?a?aiei i?iioneaiiyi aeaeo?e/iiai no?oio
aeicaieeee iaa?oiooaaoe aoaeoeaii ?aaeeiii oa oaoiieiai/ii ia?aiao?e,
aeiaanoe aenieo nooiiiue iaiai?ioiiai cae?iieaiiy oa aiaeiiciethaaiiy
a?oioia, anoaiiaeoe caaaeueio aeey eioieiai/ii ?icieo ii?iae
caeiiiii?iinoue ?icaeoeo i?ioeano a o?e noaaei? ii ciiiaiith ieoiiiai
aeaeo?e/iiai iii?o a iiaeaeaeo?iaeiiio i?inoi?i. Ia c?aceao /aoaa?oe/ieo
aeei c iaiiiiith ?iiinoth aieueoa 900 ia/100a aeeiiaii aeineiaeaeaiiy
i?ioeano aeene?aoiiai aeaeo?i-oiioaiiiiaaeo. Oaoiieiai/ii ia?aiao?e
i?ioeano caaaeaaaeenue ii ?acoeueoaoai aeey aacia?a?aiiai i?iioneaiiy
no?oio, a iieaciee aeene?aoiinoi ciiithaaee aiae 0,25 aei 1,0,
o?eaaeinoue aeeth/aiiy no?oio aoea 3; 6 oa 12 aiaeei. Caaaeueiee /an
aeaeo?iia?iaee iiaeaeae noaiiaea 180 aiaeei. Iiae /an i?iaaaeaiiy
aeineiaeaeaiue eiio?iethaaany ?icaeoie aeaeo?ieiiaoe/ieo i?ioeania, a
oaeiae caeiiiii?iinoue ?aeaenaoei? caeeoeiaiai iioaioeiaeo. Anoaiiaeaii,
ui eiiaoeea i?ioeano aiaeiai/ia aacia?a?aiiio ?aaeeio, a /an ?aeaenaoei?
caeeoeiaiai iioaioeiaeo noaiiaeoue 2,5 – 3 aiaeeie. Ii ?acoeueoaoai
eiio?ieueieo aei?iaoaaiue anoaiiaeaia caeaaeiinoue iioeiinoi oa
?aaeiona cae?iieaiiy aeei aiae iieacieea aeene?aoiinoi i
eieueeinoi

?en. 1. Caeaaeiino? iii?o iaiao?aoe?? (1;1() ? ?aae?ona cae??ieaiiy
a?oioa (2;2() a?ae iieacieea aeene?aoiino? (a) ? a?ae e?eueeino?
aeaeo?eee (a) ca oiiae 12-oe oa 6-oe aiaeeiiiai ?aaeeio.

aeaeo?eee, aeo?a/aii? iiae /an aeene?aoiiai aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo
(?en 1). C iaea?aeaieo caeiiiii?iinoae aeieeaa?, ui canoinoaaiiy
aeene?aoiiai ?aaeeio aeaeo?iia?iaee aeeienoeo a?oioia aac cieaeaiiy
yeinieo oa?aeoa?enoee oaoiieia?? aeioeieueii c iieacieeii aeene?aoiinoi
iaioa 0,35, ui caaacia/o? aeiiiiith aeaeo?iaia?ai? aiey 30% .

Aeeiiaii aenia?eiaioaeueii aeineiaeaeaiiy i?ioeano aeaeo?ioiii/iiai
oaiiiiaaeo iineia oa noiineia ic ciiiaiiyi iiethnia ia aeaeo?iaeao
aeiaaee aenieo aoaeoeaiinoue cae?iieaiiy oa aiaeiiciethaaiiy a?oioia a
onueiio iiaeaeaeo?iae-iiio i?inoi?i, i?e oeueiio e?eoa?i?i ciiie
iiey?iinoi ia aeaeo?iaeao aoea noaaieicaoeiy neee no?oio a eiei, neaaea
iiaeeiaiiy ?ic/eio.

Aiaeiiciethaaiiy ii?enoeo iiuaieeia iaoiaeii aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo
aeeiioaaeinue aia?oa. Aeey aeineiaeaeaiue aoee aiaeia?aii iaeaieueo
oa?aeoa?ii aeey Aeiiaano iiuaieee ?icii? nooiiii eioiaaiaco c
aeieueieoeue aoaeiaieoeoaa aa?oeeaeueieo noaieia oaoo. Caaaeueia
ii?enoinoue iiuaieeia noaiiaeea 15 – 27 %, a eiaoioei?io i?iieeiinoi –
(0,1 – 80) o 10-16 i2. Aenia?eiaioaeueii anoaiiaeaii, ui eiaoioei?io
aeaeo?iiniino ii?enoeo iiuaieeia ia? iaeiiieio caeaaeiinoue aiae
a?aaei?ioa iai?oae, oa i?aeoe/ii iiney cia/aiiy 1 A/ni eiaoioei?io
aeaeo?iiniino ia ciiith?oueny (?en. 2). Oei ?acoeueoaoe aeia?a
niiaiaaeathoue ic oai?aoe/ieie aeniiaeaie. Oaeiae iaea?aeaii, ui
iaeneiaeueia cia/aiiy eiaoioei?ioa aeaeo?iiniioe/ii? aoaeoeaiinoi
iiuaieeia aei?iaith? 0,47 i.

Iiaeaethaaiiy aeaeo?iiniioe/ii? ii’?eoei? ?ic/eio-aeaeo?ieioo o
aeniei-iaii?ii ii?enoi iiuaieee aoee i?iaaaeaii ia noaiaei c
ia?iaiaeeeoey?iei aeeiaii/iei iioieii aiaee. Aeii?thaaiiy oaeaeeinoi
oieueo?aoei? e?icue ii?enoi ii?iaee aeeiioaaeinue ca oiiae ?icieo
?aaeeiia. Ia ?en. 3 i?aaenoaaeaii a?aoiee ciiiaiiy oaeaeeinoi
oieueo?aoei? ca oiiae ??cieo cia/aiue i?iieeiino? ii?enoeo ii?iae.
Aiaeic iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoaoia iieaco?, ui aeey ii?enoeo iiuaieeia c
eiaoioei?ioaie oieueo?aoei? iaioa 5o10-7 i/n o ieanoi iiaeeeai
onoaiiaeoe noaoeiiia?iee oieueo?aoeieiee iioie ?ic/eio-aeaeo?ieioo ca
?aooiie ia?aaaaeaiiy aeaeo?iiniino iaae oaeaeeinoth oieueo?aoei?
iiaecaiieo aiae, ui caaacia/o? ?iaiiaaaiii oiiae aeey
eiaaoeyoeieii-e?enoaeicaoeieieo i?ioeania.

Ia c?aceao ii?enoeo iiuaieeia aeeiioaaeinue iiaeaethaaiiy
aeaeo?i-oiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo: iaeii?ic/eiia aeaeo?ineeieaoecaoeiy oa
aeaeo?ieioe/ia ia?iaea. Iiae /an aenia?eiaioia a?aaei?io iai?oae iiae
aeaeo?iaeaie ciiithaaee aiae 0,6 aei 4,5 A/ni, a aiiaeii aeaeo?iaee
ii’?eooaaee neeieao iao?iy c aeiaeaoeii e?aiiaooi?enoiaiaeiaai? eeneioe
aai ?ic/ei oei?enoiai eaeueoeiy, /an aeaeo?i-ia?iaee noaiiaea aiae 6
aeia aei 30 aiaeei. Aeiaaaeaii, ui caeiiiii?iinoue ?icaeoeo i?ioeano ia?
o?e noaaei? i aiaeiai/ia onoaiiaeaiie aeey iiuaii-aeeienoeo ii?iae,
iaeaieueo aoaeoeaia cia/aiiy aonoeie no?oio noaiiaeoue 8 – 10 A/i2,
a?aaei?ioa iai?oae – 3,5 – 4,2 A/ni; iioeiaeueiee ?ic/ei – neeieao
iao?iy c aeiaeaoeii e?aiiaooi?enoiaiaeiaai? eeneioe aonoeiith 1,04 o 103
ea/i3, /an i?iioneaiiy no?oio – 28 – 32 aiaeeie, i?e oeueiio nooiiiue
iaiai?ioii? aiaeiicieyoei? ii?enoeo iiuaieeia aeinyaa? 50 – 60 ?acia.
Ciiiaiiy aeanoeainoae ii?enoeo iiuaieeia i?ney ?eaeo?io?ioaiiiiaaeo
aeaii o oaae. 1.

Oaaeeoey 1 – ?acoeueoaoe iiaeaethaaiiy aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo
ii?enoeo iiuaieeia (o ciaiaiieeo iaaaaeaii ii/aoeiai aeanoeainoi)

Iinoea aiaeai?o c?aceia A?aaei?io iai?oae, A/ni Caaaeueia ii?en-oinoue,
% Eiaoioei-?io i?iiee-iinoi, i2o10-16 Ieoiiee aeaeo?e/i iii?, Ii·i
?aaeion aiaeiiciethaaiiy, ni

1. O. “Eoaainueea – 1” 4,0 14-17

18-20 0,01-02

0,1-5,4 130-150

50-70 7,0-7,2

2. OO “AEiaoiaaa” 4,0 12-17

15-21 0,07-0,15

0,4-12 124-135

58-75 7,0-7,5

3. O. “O?oaeianueea” 4,2 15-18

18-27 1-2

20-80 102-115

60-90 6,5-7,5

?en. 2. Caeaaei?noue eiao?oe??ioa aeaeo?iiniino ii?enoeo i?uaiee?a a?ae
a?aae??ioa iai?oae: 1 – i?uaiee o. “o?oaeianueea”; 2 – i?uaiee o.
“Eoaainueea-1”; 3 – i?uaiee OO “AEiaoiaaa”; 4 – aeeia

?en. 3. Oaeaee?noue o?eueo?aoe?? ca ??cieo cia/aiue i?iieeiino? ii?enoeo
ii??ae: 1 – a?ae?aae?/ia ?i”?eoe?y; 2 – aeaeo?iiniioe/ia ? a?ae?aae?/ia
?i”?eoe?y c iai??iith o?eueo?aoe??th; 3 – aeaeo?iiniioe/ia ?
a?ae?aae?/ia ?i”?eoe?y c iai??iith o?eueo?aoe??th; 4 – oaeaee?noue
aeaeo?iiniino

?en. 3. Oaeaee?noue o?eueo?aoe?? ca ??cieo cia/aiue i?iieeiino?

Ia iiaenoaai ocaaaeueiaiiy oa nenoaiaoecaoei? iiaeaia?ii-aaieiai/ieo
aeanoeainoae onio oeiia ianoieeeo a?oioia oa ?acoeueoaoia
aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeineiaeaeaiue aeey iiuaii-aeeienoeo ii?iae
aaeineiiaeaia eeaneoeeaoeiy ii nooiaiyi ?o i?eaeaoiinoi aeey cae?iieaiiy
oa aiaeiiciethaaiiy ca ?aooiie aei? aeaeo?e/iiai no?oio. Ii ?acoeueoaoai
oe?ieiai aea/aiiy aiaeii?iaiaeieo oa?aeoa?enoee ii?enoeo iiuaieeia oa ?o
aca?iicaeaaeiinoi aeey aoaeai?iieneiaeo ?aeiiia Aeiiaano ii eiao?oe??ioo
i?iieeiino? iaa?oioiaaia iaeanoue canoinoaaiiy aeaeo?ioiii/iiai
oaiiiiaaeo (oaae. 2).

Oaaeeoea 2 – Iaeanoue canoinoaaiiy aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ii?enoeo
iiuaieeia

Aoaeai?iieneia?

?aeiie I?iieei?noue i?uaiee?a, i2o10-15

> 102 102-10 10-1 1-10-1 10-1-10-2

Aeiiaoeueei-Iae??anueeee

OO “AEiaoiaaa”

22 ***************************************

O. “Aooiaea-Aeiiaoeueea”

52 *****************************************

O. “O?oaeianueea” 120
**************************************************

OO “Eo?ao?anueea” 81 *********************************************

*a?aiiia?i?enueeee

O. ?i. Noaoaiiaa

19 **************************************

O. “*a?aiiia?i?enueea-Cao?aeia”

32 *****************************************

Eene/ainueeee

O. ?i. Iaeueieeiaa 416
*********************************************************

Eoaainueeee

O. “Eoaainueea-1”

20 ****************************************

O. “Ai?nueea”

18 ***************************************

Iaeanoue yeaeo?io?i?/iiai oaiiiiaaeo

4. Aenia?eiaioaeueii aeineiaeaeaiiy ia?aiao?ia oi?ioaaiiy caaine o
o?iueioaaoeo ii?iaeao

Oi?ioaaiiy i?ioeoieueo?aoeieii? caaine ca eiioo?ii noaiea o
o?iueio-aaoeo ii?iaeao aeeiio?oueny a ai?ie/iio ianeai ia aiaenoaii aiae
e?iieaiiy, a i?ioean oa/i? a’yceiieanoe/iiai ?ic/eio caeienith?oueny o
no?oeoo?iiio ?aaeeii oa caaaea?oueny eiai ?aieiae/ieie ia?aiao?aie. Aeey
oeueiai aoei iaiaoiaeii aenia?eiaioaeueii anoaiiaeoe caeaaeiinoi
?aieiai/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee ?ic/eio aiae aiinoo neeieaoo iao?iy oa /ano.

Eaai?aoi?ii aeineiaeaeaiiy aeeiioaaeenue ii inioth/ei iaoiaeeeai, yei
aeei?enoiaothoueny o AeAAO “Niaoeoaiiiiaaeaaieiaiy”, aeey
aeeiioeaiaioieo ?ic/eiia ia aaci Ae?oaeeianueei? oa Oaaei?ianueei? aeei
ic aiinoii oeaiaioo – 100 ea/i3, a eieueeinoue no?oeoo?iooai?thaa/a
ciiithaaee aiae 0 aei 15 ea/i3. Aeey oaeiai neeaaeo aeeiioeaiaioieo
?ic/eiia aenia?eiaioaeueii anoaiiaeaii caeaaeiinoi aeeiaii/iiai
iai?oaeaiiy cnoao, noaoe/iiai iai?oaeaiiy cnoao oa ieanoe/ii? iioeiinoi
aiae aiinoo neeieaoo iao?iy oa /ano. Iaea?aeaii caeiiiii?iinoi aeey
oa?aeoa?enoee aeeiioeaiaioieo ?ic/eiia aeicaieythoue oeieueini?yiiaaii
?aaoeth-aaoe ?o aeanoeainoi o i?ioeani oa/i? a o?iueii.
Aenia?eiaioaeueii aeaii iiaeeyaaee eiii’thoa?iie ia?iaoei c iaoith
iaea?aeaiiy noaiaiaaeo aiii?ii-aiaeioe/ieo caeaaeiinoae, ui iathoue
aeaeyae:

aeey aeeiaii/iiai iai?oaeaiiy cnoao:

, (9)

aeey noaoe/iiai iai?oaeaiiy cnoao:

, (10)

aeey ieanoe/ii? iioeiinoi:

(11)

aea N – eiioeaio?aoeiy neeieaoa iao?iy, ea/i3; t – /an o oaeeeiao.

Aenia?eiaioaeueii aeineiaeaeaiiy oi?aaey?iiai i?ioeano oa/i?
aeeiioea-iaioieo ?ic/eiia o o?iueii aeeiioaaeenue c iaoith ia?aai?ee
iaea?aeaieo aiaeioe/ieo caeaaeiinoae aeey ?ic?aooieo aeanoeainoae
?ic/eiia oa ao?ao oeneo ii aeiaaeeii o?iueie ca ??aiyiiyi (6).

Aeineiaeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeenue ic aeiaea?aeaiiyi iniiaieo i?eioeeiia
oice/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy. Iaa?oioiaaii, ui iiae /an ?icaeyaeaiiy aeaio
i?ioeania oa/i? a’ycei-ieanoe/ii? ?iaeeie ia iaoo?i oa ia iiaeaei
iaiaoiaeii i aeinoaoiuei aeo?eioaaoe ?iaiinoue ocaaaeueiaiiai /enea
?aeiieueaena:

, (12)

– aonoeia, ea/i3.

Caiaeee aeoiea?, ui aeey oice/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy i?ioeano oa/i?
aeeiioea-iaioiiai ?ic/eio a o?iueii iaiaoiaeii onoaiiaeoe
eiaoioei?ioe iiaeiaiinoi: Kt = 1; KL = KV . Aeoiaey/e ic aaiiao?e/ieo
ia?aiao?ia noaiaea, oaeaeeinoue oa/i? ?ic/eio o?aaa ciaioeoe o 20 ?acia.

Ia aenia?eiaioaeueiiio noaiaei aeineiaeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeenue aeey o?ueio
cia/aiue ?ice?eooy o?iueie: 4; 5; 6 ii, a oene aiaee o noaiaei
onoaiiaethaaany 0,05 IIa. Aeey eiaeiiai aa?iaioo iiaeaethaaiiy i?ioeano
oa/i? ?ic/eio ?ic?aoiaaii cia/aiiy /ano oa/i?, eiioeaaiai aeeiaii/iiai
iai?oaeaiiy cnoao oa eiioeaio?aoei? neeieaoo iao?iy. Iaa?oioiaaii
no?oeoo?iee ?aaeei oa/i? ?ic/eio a noaiaei, ineieueee ca?iaeaeaiiy
oo?aoeaioiiai ?aaeeio oa/i? aeeiioeaiaioieo ?ic/eiia aeieea? i?e
cia/aiiyo e?eoe/iiai /enea ?aeiieueaena

, (13)

aea He – ia?aiao? Othaeno?aia.

Oiiae iiaeaethaaiiy i?ioeano oa/i? a noaiaei iaaaaeaii a oaae. 3.

Oaaeeoey 3 – Ia?aiao?e iiaeaethaaiiy oa/i? ?ic/eio a o?iueii

. Iiney noaoenoe/ii? ia?iaee aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo aeey o?ueio
aa?iaioia iiaeaethaaiiy caeienithaaeinue ?o ii?iaiyiiy c ?ic?aoiaaieie
cia/aiiyie ao?ao oeneo ii ?iaiyiith (6). Iaeaieueo oa?aeoa?ii aeaii aeey
?ice?eooy o?iueie 5 ii iaaaaeaii a oaae. 4.

Oaaeeoey 4 – Ii?iaiyiiy aenia?eiaioaeueieo oa ?ic?aoiaaieo oeneia

Ia?aiao? ?aaeion iioe?aiiy ?ic/eio, i

0,02 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5

Oaeoe/iee oene, eIa 87,6 78,2 70,0 65,0 59,0 52,0

?ic?aoiaaiee oene, eIa 79,5 74,4 67,8 62,2 56,0 50,0

Noaoenoe/iee aiaeic aenia?eiaioaeueieo oa ?ic?aoiaaieo cia/aiue ao?ao
oeneo a o?iueii iieaco?, ui aiaeiinia iioeaea ?ic?aooieo ii ?iaiyiith
(6) ia ia?aaeuo? 10% i c iiiai?iinoth 0,95 iiaeeeai aeei?enoiaoaaoe
?ic?aoiaaii cia/aiiy ao?ao oeneo a o?iueii i?e i?aeoe/ieo iinoaiiaeao
i?ioeoieueo?a-oeieieo caain. Ioaea, aenia?eiaioaeueii aeiaaaeaia
iiaeeeainoue coieiee oaiiiiaae-iiai ?ic/eio ia caaeaiie aiaenoaii aiae
naa?aeeiaeie /a?ac onoaiiaeaiee /an caaaeyee ciiiaiith eiai ?aieiai/ieo
aeanoeainoae.

5. ?ic?iaea iaoiaeee i?iaeooaaiiy, oaoiiee oa oaoiieiai/ieo noai
eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia

I?iaeooaaiiy eiiieaeno oaiiiiaaeieo ?iaio ii eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo
aiaeii?eieeaia ic ii?enoeo i o?iueioaaoeo oa cae?iieaiiy ianoieeeo
ai?nueeeo ii?iae ca eiioo?ii oaooiiai noaiea iinoeoue o niai ianooiii
iniiaii aoaie:

cai?, ocaaaeueiaiiy i ia?iaeo iiaeaia?ii-oaoii/ii? oa aaieiai/ii?
iioi?iaoei? i?i noaie, ui nii?oaeaeo?oueny aai aenieoaoo?oueny, oa
aeanoeainoyo ai?nueeeo ii?iae;

ao?iiiy eiio?ieueii-oaoii/ieo naa?aeeiaei, aiae?iaeeiaii/ii
aeineiaeaeaiiy a naa?aeeiaeiao, aea/aiiy aiaeiioice/ieo aeanoeainoae
ai?nueeeo ii?iae;

iiaeaia?iee ?ic?aooiie oaoiieiai/ieo oa ?aaeeiieo ia?aiao?ia oi?ioaaiiy
aiaeiicieyoeieii? caaine ca eiioo?ii noaiea.

Ia aaci anoaiiaeaieo caeiiiii?iinoae oa/i? ?ic/eio-aeaeo?ieioo a
ii?enoeo oa aeeiioeaiaioiiai ?ic/eio o o?iueioaaoeo ai?nueeeo ii?iaeao
?ic?iaeaii iiai iaoiaeeee i?iaeooaaiiy ia?aiao?ia i?ioeoieueo?aoeieieo
caain aeey eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia. Iaoiaeeee
aeeth/athoue a naaa ?ic?aooiee: eiino?oeoeaieo ia?aiao?ia caaine (oi?ia,
aaiiao?e/ii ?icii?e, eieueeinoue naa?aeeiaei); ?aaeeiieo ia?aiao?ia
(?aoeaioo?a ?ic/eio, neea no?oio, oene iaaiioaiiy); oaoiieiai/ii
ia?aiao?e (ia’?i ?ic/eio, /an ii’?eoei? oiui), ui aeicaiey? iaa?oioiaaii
oa aoaeoeaii aeeiiaoe oaiiiiaaeii ?iaioe.

Oaoii/ia caaacia/aiiy ?iaio ii aeaeo?ioiii/iiio oaiiiiaaeo ianoieeeo oa
ii?enoeo ii?iae iieyaaei a ?ic?iaoei aia?aaoe/iiai oa ?ic/eiiiai aeieia,
iiaeo oaoi?/ieo caniaia. Aia?aaoe/iee aeie iiooaeiinoth 670 eAA
?ic?iaeaii ia aaci noaiaea?oiiai oaooiiai iaeaaeiaiiy, aii caaacia/o?
aeaeo?iaeio ia?aaeo ?aaoeueiaaiith iai?oaith aei 460 A oa neeith no?oio
1200 A; aeaea?aeii iinoie-iiai no?oio aea?aii oe?enoi?ii ia?aoai?thaa/i
OIA-630/460. AEeaeaiiy aei?yieyth/eo iinoia caeienith?oueny aiae
iiaenoaioeie ONAI-250/6. Aeey canoi-noaaiiy aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo
aeei, iineia, ii?enoeo iiuaieeia ic aa?oeeaeueiiai noaiea oaooe niieueii
c IaeIAeI oa IAeIAA aeeiiaii ?ic?iaea, aeaioiaeaiiy oa aei?iaoaaiiy
oaoii/ieo caniaia: aia?ao caoenoo ACA, ?iciiaeieue/i ei?iaee E?A-630 oa
EAA-200, aeaeo?iae-ii’?eoi?, ioeueo oi?aaeiiiy, aeao/ee aiaeith.

Aeoiaey/e ?c oaoii/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee iaeaaeiaiiy, ?ic?iaeaii
oaoiiei-ai/ii noaie aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ianoieeeo oa ii?enoeo
ii?iae: c iiaa?oii, c oei/aniaiai iiiinoo oa c aeaith noaiea.
Ia?aaeaa/a?oueny aieiaia aia?aiiaeaaeiaiiy ?icoaooaaoe ia iiaa?oii, a
noaiei caeienith?oueny iiioaae eaaaeia oa iaii?ieo o?oaii?iaiaeia,
anoaiiaeaiiy eiio?ieueii? aia?aoo?e, ao?iiiy iioeei-ni?yiiaaieo
naa?aeeiaei, onoaiiaea oa iaa’ycea aeaeo?iaeia – ii’?eoi?ia. Aia?aiaeie
i?aoeth? a aaoiiaoe/iiio ?aaeeii, a aeaeo?iia?iaea ai?nueeeo ii?iae o
noaiei caeienith?oueny ii aacethaeiie oaoiieiai?.

I?e caeyaaiii ianoieeeo oa ii?enoeo ii?iae iiooaeieie oa?aie
aeaeo?ioiii/iee oaiiiiaae aeeiio?oueny caoiaeeaie aei 15 i “caa?oo –
aiec”.

A?aoiaoth/e i?eioeeiiai iiaee iiaeoiae iiae /an i?iaaaeaiiy
aeaeo?ioi-ii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae o noaiei oaooe, aeeiiaii
caaacia/aiiy aacia/ieo oiia oeyoii caoenoo ethaeae aiae ii?acee
aeaeo?e/iei no?oiii, eiio?iey iiaio?yiiai no?oiaiy oa eiioeaio?aoei?
aiaeith i iaoaio, aea/aiiy ?iciiaeieaiiy iioaioeiaeo a ai?ie/iio ianeai
iiae /an aeaeo?iia?iaee oa iiney ia?. Caiaeii c aeiiaaie “I?aaee aaciaee
o aoa?eueieo oaooao” o aia?aiaeioei ia?aaeaa/aia nenoaia niaoeiaeueieo
aeieoaaiue iai?oae iinoieiiai no?oio c oaeaeeiaei?th 0,2 n. Caii?e
caeeoeiaiai iioaioeiaeo iiney aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oai-iiiaaeo ai?nueeeo
ii?iae aeaee cia/aiiy ia aieueoa 300 iA, a neea no?oio ia
ia?aaieueooaaea 5 iA. Ia iiaenoaai aeeiiaieo aeineiaeaeaiue, ?ic?iaie,
i?iienei-aeo aei?iaoaaiue oa ai?iaaaeaeaiue IaeIAeI oa
Aea?aei?iiaoiiiaaeyae aeaee aeniiaee i?i aacia/iinoue ?ic?iaeaii?
oaoiieiai? oa iiaeeeainoi ?? oe?ieiai canoinoaaiiy a oaooiiio
aoaeiaieoeoai.

Iiae /an eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia ic o?iueioaaoeo
eieaeoi?ia oaoiieiai/ii noaie a?aoiaothoue ai?ie/iaaieiai/ii oiiae, ia?o
ca ana i?i?ioaoeith nenoai o?iueioaaoinoi, ?aieiai/ii aeanoeainoi
aeeiioeaiaioiiai ?ic/eio, oaiiiiaaeia iaeaaeiaiiy oa noai e?iieaiiy
noaiea. A ca’yceo c oeei oaiiiiaaeiee eiiieaen caaaeaee ?icoaoiaaiee ia
iiaa?oii, a ?ic/ei ii o?oaii?iaiaeo iiaea?oueny a iioeei naa?aeeiaeie.
Nii?oaeaeaiiy oaiiiiaaeieo naa?aeeiaei iiaeeeai: c iiaa?oii, c ai?ie/i?
ae?iaee, c iiiinoo oa c aeaith noaiea. Ii?yaeie ao?iiiy naa?aeeiaeie oa
iaaiioaiiy a ieo aeeiioeaiaioiiai ?ic/eio i?eeia?oueny a caeaaeiinoi
aiae iiooaeiinoi iaaiaeiaiiai ai?eciioo, oa?aeoa?a o?iueioaaoinoi,
iayaiinoi aaeeeeo o?iuei, iai?yio oa/?? i aeaaioo iiaecaiieo aiae.
Iae/anoioa aeeiiothoueny ?iaioe ii /a?aiai-i?ioeeaaeiie noaii ao?iiiy c
iineiaeiaiei iaaiioaiiyi ?ic/eio. Iaeaaeiaiiy oaiiiiaaeiiai aocea i
naa?aeeiaei aeeiio?oueny ii oaoiieiai? eiiieaeniiai iaoiaeo oaiiiiaaeo.
?ic?iaeaii oaoiieiai/ii noaie eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia
aeicaieythoue oaeaeei, aac nii?oaeaeaiiy oaiiiiaaeieo iiaeooie, /a?ac
iiiiiaeueio eieueeinoue iioeeeo naa?aeeiaei aa?aioiaaii iiaeaaeoe
aiaeii?eieea o noaie.

6. Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoaoia aeineiaeaeaiue

I?iieneiaa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoaoia aeineiaeaeaiue oa oaoiieiai/ieo
?ic?iaie oniioii aeeiiaii ia i’yoe aa?oeeaeueieo noaieao oaoo. Iiae /an
nii?oaeaeaiiy aaionoaiea N 6 AO “Iaooianueea” aeiaiao?ii 7 i
aeaeo?ioiii/iee oaiiiiaae ianoieeeo aeei iiooaeiinoth 15 i caeieniaii c
iiaa?oii. *a?ac 90 naa?aeeiaei aoei caea/aii 102 i3 neeieaoo iao?iy i
oei?enoiai eaeueoeiy, ui aeicaieeei iiaeaeueoe iioeiinoue aeei c 0,04
aei 0,5 IIa, ciaioeoe aiaeii?eieea o noaie c 3 aei 0,5 i3/a oa aeeiiaoe
e?iieaiiy onoy noaiea aaoiiii.

O aaioeeyoeieiiio noaiei ? 3 A?oaiianueeiai aeaaano?iaiai eiiaiiaoo ia
aeeaeii 22 i aeieeea aaa?ieia neooaoeiy: i?i?eaaiiy ieeaoiiiai noaeeieo
o noaie, ?ic?ea e?iieaiiy. C iaoith cae?iieaiiy ianoieeeo ii?iae ia
aeaie noaiea aoea iieeaaeaia aaoiiia iiaeooea caaoiaoee 2 i, /a?ac yeo a
52 naa?aeeiaeiao aeeiiaiee aeaeo?ioiii/iee oaiiiiaae a iioa?aaei 22 – 27
i. Iai?oaa ia aeaeo?iaeao aei?iaithaaea 45 – 80 A, a aonoeia no?oio – 12
– 15 A/i2, caaaeueiee ia’?i ?ic/eio neeieaoo iao?iy oa oei?enoiai
eaeueoeiy – 78,8 i3, /an aeaeo?i-ia?iaee – 422 aiaeeie. Aianeiaeie –
iioeiinoue ii?iae aeinyaea 0,65 IIa, aiaeii?eieea ciaioaii aei 0,1 i3//,
ui aeicaieeei caeienieoe i?ioiaeeo noaiea oa aeiaanoe iaaeieiinoue i
aacia/iinoue aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo o aa?oeeaeueiiio noaiei.

Aia?oa a i?aeoeoei oaooiiai aoaeiaieoeoaa eieaiaeaoeiy caeeoeiaiai
aiaeii?eieeaa ic ii?enoiai iiuaieea iaoiaeii aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo
aeeiioaaeanue iiae /an aoaeiaieoeoaa noaiea oaooioi?aaeiiiy “AEiaoiaaa”
(Aeiiaoeeaoaieey) a iioa?aaei 267 – 282 i. Aeaeo?ioiii/iee oaiiiiaae
caeienithaaany /a?ac 58 iioeeeo naa?aeeiaei, a yei aoee onoaiiaeaii
aeaeo?iaee – ii’?eoi?e aeiaiao?ii 42 ii. Ca oiiae iai?oae ia aeaeo?iaeao
400 A aoei caea/aii 32,7 i3 neeieaoiiai ?ic/eio aonoeiith 1,04o103
ea/i3, aeo?aoe aeaeo?iaia?ai? ia 1 i3 ia?iaeaiiai iiuaieea noaiiaeyoue –
58,5 eAo(/, /an aeeiiaiiy ?iaio – 1,6 iinyoey. Eiio?ieue yeinoi iieacaa:
caeiiiii?iinoue ?icaeoeo i?ioeano niiaiaaea? c eaai?aoi?iith, a
aiaeii?eieea o noaie a iioa?aaei 267 – 282 i ciaioaiee c 10 aei 0,5
i3/a; aeiaaaeaia aacia/iinoue oaoiieiai? aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo.

Eieaiaeaoeiy caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia ic o?iueioaaoeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae
aeeiioeaiaioieie ?ic/eiaie caeieniaia i?e iiaeeaeaiii eeioueiaiai noaiea
oaooe “Oi?aoeueea” (Aeca?aeeineaoaieey) a iioa?aaei 971 – 1020 i oa i?ae
/an aoaeiaieoeoaa aeiiiiiaeiiai noaiea N 2 oaooe “THaieaeia”
(?inoiaaoaieey) a ?ioa?aae? 733 – 743,6 i. Oaiiiiaaeii ?iaioe o noaiei
oaooe “Oi?aoeueea” aeeiiaii a aeai caoiaeee c oei/aniaiai iiiinoo /a?ac
9 iioeeeo naa?aeeiaei aeeaeiith aei 52 i. Oaoiieiaiy i?eaiooaaiiy oa
iaaiioaiiy aeeiioeaiaioiiai ?ic/eio o?aoi-aoaaea ciiiaiiy eiai
?aieiai/ieo aeanoeainoae caeaaeii aiae /ano oa eieueeinoi neeieaoo
iao?iy. Onueiai aoei caea/aii 403 i3 ?ic/eio, o ?acoeueoaoi aiaeii?eieea
aoa cieaeaiee c 42 aei 4,2 i3//. O noaiei oaooe “THaieaeia” c
i?ioiaeieoeueeiai iiiinoo aoei i?iao?aii 5 oaiiiiaaeieo naa?aeeiaei
aeeaeiith aei 34 i, a yei iineiaeiaii caea/aii 240 i3 aeeiioeaiaioiiai
?ic/eio, aiaeii?eieea aoa cieaeaiee c 28 aei 4,5 i3//.

Iiceoeaii ?acoeueoaoe i?iieneiaiai ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iiaeo oaoiieiaie
eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia oa cae?iieaiiy ai?nueeeo ii?iae
i?e aoaeiaieoeoai aa?oeeaeueieo noaieia iiaeoaa?aeaeothoue
i?aaeeueiinoue oai?aoe/ieo oa aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeineiaeaeaiue,
oaoiieiai/ieo ?ic?iaie.

AENIIAEE

Aeena?oaoeiy ? caaa?oaiith iaoeiaith ?iaioith, a yeie ?ic?iaeaii
oai?a-oe/ii oa aenia?eiaioaeueii iieiaeaiiy ii anoaiiaeaiith
caeiiiii?iinoae oi?ioaaiiy i?ioeoieueo?aoeieieo caain-ae?aiia o
ianoieeeo iiuaii-aeeienoeo, iaaiaeiaieo ii?enoeo oa o?iueioaaoeo
ai?nueeeo ii?iaeao, iiai iaoeiai-iaa?oioiaaii iaoiaeeee i?iaeooaaiiy
oaoiieiai/ieo ? ?aaeeiieo ia?aiao?ia oa oaoiieiai/i? noaie iinoaiiaee
aiae?iicieyoeieieo caain iiae /an eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia
o aa?oeeaeueii noaiee oaoo, noeoiiinoue yeeo iiaeia eaaeio?eoaaoe ye
iiaa aeinyaiaiiy o ?icaeoeo ia?niaeoeaiiai iai?yieo niaoeiaeueieo
niiniaia aoaeiaieoeoaa oaooieo noaieia o ?aieao eiiieaeniiai iaoiaeo
oaiiiiaaeo, ui iiaeaeuo? aoaeoeaiinoue ai?ie/i-i?ioiaeieoeueeeo ?iaio oa
oaoiiei-aeiiiii/ii iieacieee aenieoaoaoei? aa?oeeaeueieo noaieia.

Iniiaii iaoeiai, iaoiaee/ii oa i?aeoe/ii ?acoeueoaoe, aeniiaee i
?aeiiaiaeaoei? iieyaathoue a ianooiiiio:

Aeiaaaeaii, ui aonoeia no?oio iiae nenoaiith aeaeo?iaeia – ii’?eoi?ia
aecia/a? aoaeoeaiinoue ?icaeoeo aeaeo?ieiiaoe/ieo i?ioeania oa yeinoue
aeaeo?i-oiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae, anoaiiaeaii aeaa oeie
ciiiaiiy aeaeo?e/iiai iioaioeiaeo a ii?iaeao. Aieiaiei eiio?ieueiei
ia?aiao?ii i?ioeano aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ? ieoiiee aeaeo?e/iee
iii? ai?nueeeo ii?iae, a caeiiiii?iinoi ciiiaiiy yeiai aeaeieaii o?e
noaaei? ia?aaiao ii’?eoeieii-eiaaoeyoeieii-e?enoaeicaoeieieo i?ioeania.

Oai?aoe/ii oa aenia?eiaioaeueii iaa?oioiaaii, ui aeniea iaiiiia ?iiinoue
aeeienoeo a?oioia caaacia/o? iiae /an aiaeeeth/aiiy aeaeo?e/iiai no?oio
aeniiiaioeiaeueia caoooaiiy aeaeo?ieiiaoe/ieo i?ioeania c aecia/aiei
/anii ?aeaenaoei?. O?eaaeinoue aiaeeeth/aiiy aeaeo?e/iiai no?oio i ii?a
aeiiiii? aeaeo?iaia?ai? caeaaeaoue aiae iieacieea aeene?aoiinoi
i?ioeano, yeee aiaeioe/ii ca’ycaiee c ?aaeeiieie oa yeinieie
oa?aeoa?enoeeaie aeaeo?ioiioaiiiiaaeo ii?iae. Aeiaaaeaii, ui
iaeneiaeueiee /an ?aeaenaoei? caeeoeiaiai iioaioeiaeo noaiiaeoue 2,5 – 3
aiaeeie, a iioeiaeueia cia/aiiy iieacieea aeene?aoiinoi ia ia?aaieueoo?
0,35.

Ia iniiai i?eioeeiia oice/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy ai?nueeeo i?ioeania
aeiaaaeaii, ui eaai?aoi?ia iiaeaethaaiiy aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo
ii?enoeo ii?iae iaiaoiaeii aeeiioaaoe ia i?e?iaeieo c?aceao aeey
caaacia/aiiy iiaeiaiinoi oiceei-oiii/ieo i?ioeania aeaeo?iii’?eoei?,
eiaaoeyoei? oa e?enoaeicaoei? c aeio?eiaiiyi ?iaiinoi ?aaeeiiiai /enea i
caa?aaeaiiyi ?aieiai/ieo aeanoe-ainoae ?ic/eio oa /ano i?ioeano ia
iiaeaei ? a iaoo?i.

Noi?ioeueiaaia oa ae?ioaia caaea/a ii aecia/aiith oaeaeeinoi
oieueo?aoei? a’ycei? ?iaeeie o iaii?iiio ii?enoiio ai?eciioi iiae aei?th
iinoieiiai aeaeo?e/iiai no?oio. Anoaiiaeaia caaaeueia iaeiiieia
caeaaeiinoue eiaoioei?ioa aeaeo?iiniino aiae a?aaei?ioa iai?oae ca
?aooiie aeyaeaiiy a ii?ao a’yceiieanoe/ieo aeanoeainoae
?ic/eio-aeaeo?ieioo; aenia?eiaioaeueii aeiaaaeaii, ui iiney aeinyaiaiiy
ii?iaiaiai cia/aiiy a?aaei?ioa iai?oae 1 A/ni eiaoioei?io aeaeo?iiniino
aeey eioieiai/ii ?icieo ii?enoeo iiuaieeia ? aaee/eia iinoieia, a
?iaeeia a ii?ao aeyaey? oieueee a’ycei aeanoeainoi.

Oia?oa aenia?eiaioaeueii aeiaaaeaia i?eioeeiiaa iiaeeeainoue
aiaeiiciethaaiiy ii?enoeo iiuaieeia iaoiaeii aeaeo?ioiii/iiai
oaiiiiaaeo. Oeyoii oice/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy ia c?aceao ii?enoeo iiuaieeia
aeiaaaeaii, ui caeiiiii?iinoue ?icaeoeo i?ioeano aiaeiai/ia anoaiiaeaiie
aeey iiuaii-aeeienoeo ii?iae; iaa?oioiaaii iioeiaeueii ?aaeeiii
ia?aiao?e: aonoeia no?oio, a?aaei?io iai?oae, iiaeaeaeo?iaeia aiaenoaiue
oa /an aeaeo?iia?iaee; aea?aii aoaeoeaii ?ic/eie – aeaeo?ieioe,
aeiaaaeaia aeniea nooiiiue iaiai?ioii? aiaeiici-eyoei? ii?enoeo ii?iae.

Aeey ii?enoeo iiuaieeia c eiaoioei?ioaie oieueo?aoei? iaioa 5×10-7 i/n o
iaii?iiio aiaeiiiniiio ieanoi onoaiiaeth?oueny noaoeiiia?iee
oieueo?aoeieiee iioie ?ic/eio – aeaeo?ie?oo ca ?aooiie ia?aaaae
aeaeo?iiniino iaae oaeaeeinoth oieueo?aoei? iiaecaiieo aiae, ui
caaacia/o? ?iaiiaaaiii oiiae aeey eiaaoeyoeieii – e?enoaeicaoeieieo
i?ioeania oa caiiaiaa? aeieaaiith ?ic/eio.

Ia iiaenoaai ?acoeueoaoia aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeineiaeaeaiue, aiaeica oa
ocaaaeueiaiiy /eneaiieo aeaieo i?i aeanoeainoi ianoieeeo oa ii?enoeo
ii?iae oaeineiiaeaia eeaneoeeaoeiy iiuaii-aeeienoeo ii?iae ii nooiaith
?o i?eaeaoiinoi aeey cae?iieaiiy oa aiaeiiciethaaiiy ca ?aooiie aei?
aeaeo?e/iiai no?oio, a aeey ii?enoeo iiuaieeia ?icii? nooiaii eioiaaiaco
ii eiao?oe??ioo i?iieeiino? iaa?oioiaaia iaeanoue canoinoaaiiy
aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo.

Aeey aeeiioeaiaioieo oaiiiiaaeieo ?ic/eiia iaea?aeaii aiii?ii-aiaeioe/ii
noaiaiaa? caeaaeiinoi aeeiaii/iiai iai?oaeaiiy cnoao, noaoe/iiai
iai?oaeaiiy cnoao oa ieanoe/ii? iioeiinoi aiae aiinoo
no?oeoo?iooai?thaa/a i /ano oa/i?; aiaeioe/ii anoaiiaeaia iiaa
caeaaeiinoue a?ae?iaeeiaii/ieo ao?ao oeneo ?ic/eio o o?iuei? aiae
i?inoi?iai-/aniaeo oa?aeoa?enoee oa/i? oa ?aieiai/ieo aeanoeainoae
?ic/eio. Aenia?eiaioaeueia ia?aai?ea iiaeo caeaaeiinoae iiaeoaa?aeeea
iiaeeeainoue oi?aaeiiiy ?ooii oa coieieith aeeii-oeaiaioieo ?ic/eiia o
o?iueiao /a?ac cacia/aiee /an ia onoaiiaeaiie aiaenoaii ca ?aooiie
ciiiaiiy aeeiaii/iiai iai?oaeaiiy cnoao ca /anii oa aiae eiioeaio?aoei?
no?oeoo?iooai?thaa/a.

Ia aaci aiaeioeei-aeeoa?aioeieiiai iiaeoiaeo ?ic?iaeaii
iaoeiai-iaa?oioiaaii iaoiaeeee i?iaeooaaiiy oaiiiiaaeieo ?iaio iiae /an
eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia ic ii?enoeo oa o?iueioaaoeo i
cae?iieaiii iiuaii-aeeienoeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae, eio?i caaacia/othoue
iiaiee iiaeaia?iee ?ic?aooiie ia?aiao?ia i?ioeano iinoaiiaee
i?ioeoieueo?aoeieieo caain-ae?aiia ca eiioo?ii noaiea ia aaci iiaeo
iaoeiaeo oa oaoiieiai/ieo ?ic?iaie.

Iiaeaia?ii – iaa?oioiaaiee aeai? noaiaea?oiiai oaooiiai iaeaaeiaiiy
aeicaieea noai?eoe iiooaeiee aaaaoiooieoeiiiaeueiee aia?aaoe/iee aeie
aeey aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae ye c iiaa?oii, oae i c
aa?oeeaeueiiai noaiea, aeaeo?e/ia eiei yeiai ii ciiiiie oa iinoieiie
noi?iii caoeuaii i?eioeeiiai iiaei aia?aoii ACA. ?ic?iaeaii oaoiieiai/ii
noaie aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ianoieeeo oa ii?enoeo ii?iae c
iiaa?oii oa ci noaieo /a?ac naa?aeeiaeie, i?iao?aii ca eiioo? ae?iaee,
eiiieaen niaoeiaeueieo oaoii/ieo caniaia oa oaoiieiai/ieo caoiaeia aeey
aacia/iiai aaaeaiiy ?iaio.

Aoaeoeaiinoue iaoeiaeo aeineiaeaeaiue oa oaoiieiai/ieo ?ic?iaie
iiaeoaa?aeaeaii iiceoeaieie ?acoeueoaoaie i?iieneiaiai aei?iaoaaiiy
iiaeo oaoiieiaie. Aia?oa a i?aeoeoei oaooiiai aoaeiaieoeoaa aeeiiaii
i?iieneiai ?iaioe ii aeaeo?ioiii/iiio oaiiiiaaeo: i?e cae?iieaiii
aeeienoeo ii?iae c iiaa?oii ia aaionoaiei ? 6 AO “Iaooianueea” oa ic
aeaith aaionoaiea ? 3 A?oaiianueeiai aeaaano?iaiai eiiaiiaoo; iiae /an
eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaiai aiaeii?eieeaa ic ii?enoiai iiuaieea ia aeeaeii
267 i o noaiei OO “AEiaoiaaa” (Aeiiaoeueeaoaieey). Iiaa oaoiieiaiy
eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia ic o?iueioaaoeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae
oniioii ai?iaaaeaeaia iiae /an iiaeeaeaiiy eeioueiaiai noaiea oaooe
“Oi?aoeueea” oa aoaeiaieoeoai aeiiiiiaeiiai noaiea ? 2 oaooe
“THaieaeia”, aeiaaaeaia iia?aoeaiinoue oa aoaeoeaiinoue
aiaeiiiaeaaeaiiy, aacia/ii oiiae ?iaioe a noaiei, caa?aaeaiiy aaoiiiiai
e?iieaiiy oa aeiiiii/ia aeioeieueiinoue oaiiiiaaeo aeeiioeaiaioieie
?ic/eiaie.

Noai?aiiy eiiieaeno iiaeo oaoiieiaie – aiaeiiiaeaaeaiiy o o?iueio-aaoeo
oa aeaeo?ioiii/iiai oaiiiiaaeo o ii?enoeo i iiuaii-aeeienoeo ii?iaeao, ?
ae?ioaiiyi cia/ii? i?eeeaaeii? i?iaeaie ii eieaiaeaoei? caeeoeiaeo
aiaeii?eieeaia o aa?oeeaeueii noaiee c ?icieo eieaeoi?ia, ui aeicaiey?
iiaeaeueoe aoaeoeaiinoue oaooiiai aoaeiaieoeoaa ca ?aooiie caieueoaiiy
oaiiia ai?ie/i-i?ioiaeieoeueeeo ?iaio oa caiiie othaiiaiaiai e?iieaiiy
ia aaoiiia, oaeiae nooo?ai iie?aueoe oaoiiei-aeiiiii/ii iieacieee
aenieoaoaoei? noaieia oa oaoo a oeieiio.

Iniiaii iieiaeaiiy i ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoei? iioaeieiaaii a ianooiieo
?iaioao:

Aeieaeeeia I.I. Enneaaeiaaiea ianoaoeeiia?iiai i?ioeanna
no?oeoo?i-ia?aciaaiey aeeiioeaiaioiuo oaiiiiaaeiuo ?anoai?ia// Iaoeiaee
ainiee IAA Oe?a?ie. – 1998. – ? 3. – c.8-9.

Aeieaeeeia I.I. I?eiaiaiea yeaeo?ioeie/aneiai oaiiiiaaea noaeeiea i?e
i?ioiaeaeaiee aa?oeeaeueiiai noaiea: Na. iao/i. o?.: Iao/ii-oaoie/aneea
i?iaeaiu no?ieoaeuenoaa e io?aiu ai?iuo au?aaioie. – Iiai/a?eanne: IAOO,
1996. – n. 72-75.

Eeiei Y.ss., Nie/ae TH.I., Aeieaeeeia I.I. Yeaeo?ioeie/aneee oaiiiiaae
iaonoie/eauo iaaiaeiaiiuo a?oioia// Atheeaoaiue no?ieoaeueiie oaoieee. –
1990. – ? 12. – n. 20.

Eeiei Y.ss., Nie/ae TH.I., Aeieaeeeia I.I., Oeaieei A.A. Noaaeeueiua
caeeaaei/iua niane ia aaca iooiaeia ai?iiai i?iecaiaenoaa // Oaieue
Oe?aeiu. – 1998. – ? 1. – n. 43-44.

Aeieaeeeia I.I., Ica?ei A.I. Eeeaeaeaoeey inoaoi/iiai aiaeii?eoiea i?e
no?ieoaeuenoaa aa?oeeaeueiiai noaiea oaoou: Na. iao/i. o?.:
Iao/ii-oaoie/aneea i?iaeaiu no?ieoaeuenoaa aa?oeeaeueiuo noaieia,
ieieinoaieueiuo aeai?ia, ai?eciioaeueiuo e iaeeiiiuo au?aaioie. –
Iiai/a?eanne: IAOO, 1998. – n. 129-133.

Eeiei Y.ss., Nie/ae TH.I., Aeieaeeeia I.I., Iiaeeaeaaa N.A., Oiaineee
?.C. Eniieueciaaiea iooiaeia aeey caiieiaiey au?aaioaiiiai i?ino?ainoaa
cae?uaaaiuo oaoo // Oaieue Oe?aeiu. – 1998. – ? 6. – n.13-14.

Nii?iaeei A.I., Aeieaeeeia I.I., Eaauaiei N.I.Eeeaeaeaoeey aiaeii?eoiea
a onoueaaie /anoe iaeeiiiiai noaiea: Na. iao/i. o?.: Niaa?oainoaiaaiea
?ac?aaioee oaieueiuo ianoi?iaeaeaiee. – Oaoou: ?inoianeia IIE “Iaae?a”,
1994. – n. 51-54.

Iieicia TH.A., Aeieaeeeia I.I. ?ac?aaioea aii?inia oaoieee aaciianiinoe
i?e yeaeo?ioeie/aneii oaiiiiaaea ai?iuo ii?iae: Na. iao/i.
o?.:Iao/ii-oaoie/aneea i?iaeaiu ?ac?aaioee ianoi?iaeaeaiee,
no?ieoaeuenoaa e io?aiu ai?iuo au?aaioie.- Iiai/a?eanne: IAOO, 1997. –
n. 96-100.

Aeieaeeeia I.I. Aiaeiecieyoeey ii?enouo ian/aieeia iaoiaeii
yeaeo?ioeie/aneiai oaiiiiaaea. // I?eaeiai?ianeee iao/iue aanoiee. –
1998. – ? 55 (122). – n. 42-45.

Aeieaeeeia I.I. Enneaaeiaaiea yeaeo?iiniina a ii?enouo ian/aieeao n
iaii?iui ?aaeeiii oeeueo?aoeee: Na. iao/i. o?. Iaoeeiiaeueiie ai?iie
aeaaeaiee Oe?aeiu. – Aeiai?iiao?iane: IAA Oe?aeiu, 1999. – ? 6. – o.4. –
n. 103-105.

Aeieaeeeia I.I., Iiiia E.A., Nu?eei I.N. Aiaeiecieyoeey e oi?i/iaiea
iaonoie/eauo ai?iuo ii?iae iaoiaeii aunieiiaii?iiai no?oeiiai
oaiiiiaaea: Na. iao/i. o?.: Iao/ii-oaoie/aneea i?iaeaiu no?ieoaeuenoaa e
io?aiu ai?iuo au?aaioie. – Iiai/a?eanne: IAOO, 1996. – n. 69-72.

Aeieaeeeia I.I. ?ano?ninaa?aaathuee niinia oe?aieaiey iniiaaiee oaooiuo
noaoeeiia?iuo onoaiiaie // A??ie/a aeaeo?iiaoai?ea oa aaoiiaoeea:
Iaoeiai-oaoi. ca. – Aei?i?iiao?ianuee: IAA Oe?a?ie, 1999. – ?2(61) –
n.276-278.

Eeiei Y.ss., Aeieaeeeia I.I., Ua?aa/aiei Ae.A. Cae?aieaiea a?oioia
iniiaaiey ooiaeaiaioa eiaeaia?iiai ei?iona NAC: Na. iao/i. o?.:
Iao/ii-oaoie/aneea i?iaeaiu no?ieoaeuenoaa aa?oeeaeueiuo noaieia,
ieieinoaieueiuo aeai?ia, ai?eciioaeueiuo e iaeeiiiuo au?aaioie. –
Iiai/a?eanne: IAOO, 1998. – c. 245-252.

Aeieaeeeia I.I. Aaoiiaoecaoeey i?ioeanna yeaeo?ioeie/aneiai oaiiiiaaea
iaonoie/eauo e ii?enouo ai?iuo ii?iae // A??ie/a aeaeo?iiaoai?ea oa
aaoiiaoeea: Iaoeiai-oaoi. ca. – Aei?i?iiao?ianuee: IAA Oe?a?ie, 1999. –
?2(61) – n.288-290.

Aeieaeeeia I.I. ?ac?aaioea e aiaae?aiea iaoiaea yeaeo?ioeie/aneiai
oaiiiiaaea ai?iuo ii?iae: Na. iao/i. o?.: Iao/ii-oaoie/aneea i?iaeaiu
?ac?aaioee oaa?aeuo iieaciuo eneiiaaiuo thaa ?innee. – Oaoou: ?inoianeia
IIE “Iaae?a”, 1999. – n. 308-312.

Aeieaeeeia I.I. Ii?aaeaeaiea oieueiu i?ioeaioeeueo?aoeeiiiie caaanu a
ii?enouo ai?iuo ii?iaeao. // I?eaeiai?ianeee iao/iue aanoiee. – 1998. –
? 55 (122). – n. 51-54.

Eeiei Y.ss., Aeieaeeeia I.I., Ica?ei A.I. ?ac?aaioea iaoiaeeee
i?iaeoe?iaaiey eeeaeaeaoeee inoaoi/iuo aiaeii?eoieia a aa?oeeaeueiua
noaieu oaoo: Na. iao/i. o?.: Iao/ii-oaoie/aneea i?iaeaiu ?ac?aaioee
oaa?aeuo iieac-iuo eneiiaaiuo thaa ?innee. – Oaoou: ?inoianeia IIE
“Iaae?a”, 1999. – n.152-156.

Aeieaeeeia I.I. I?eiaiaiea neeeeaoiuo ?anoai?ia i?e yeaeo?ioeie/aneii
oaiiiiaaea. – Iao/ii-oaoi. ?ao. na. OeAIOE. – I. – OeIEYE oaieue, 1989.
– ? 2. – n. 22-24.

Aeieaeeeia I.I., Iaoeaaa A.A. Ia?niaeoeau i?eiaiaiey ?ano?ninaa?aaathuae
oaoiieiaee i?e no?ieoaeuenoaa oaooiuo noaieia // Oacenu aeiee.
Ananithci. iao/i.-oaoi. niaauaiey. – I.:AEOAI, 1990. – n.66-68.

Eeiei Y.ss., Iieicia TH.A., Nie/ae TH.I., Aeieaeeeia I.I. Iiaue iaoiae
yeaeo?ioeie/aneiai oaiiiiaaea iaaiaeiaiiuo iaonoie/eauo ii?iae
i?eno?ieoaeuenoaa ai?iuo au?aaioie // Oacenu aeiee. Ananithci. niaau.:
I?eiaiaiea aiaeiiiaeaaeaiey i?e nii?oaeaiee eaieoaeueiuo ai?iuo
au?aaioie. – Aeiiaoee: OeAIOE, 1990. – n. 25-27.

Eeiei Y.ss., Nii?iaeei A.I., Aeieaeeeia I.I. Niiniau i?aaeoi?aaeaeaiee e
eeeaeaeaoeee oaoiiaaiii-yeieiae/aneeo eaoano?io ia aaa?eeii-iianiuo
i?iiuoeaiiuo e a?aaeaeaineeo nii?oaeaieyo. // Iaoa?. eiio. “Iniiaiua
iai?aaeaiey iaania/aiey aaciianiinoe ianaeaiey e onoie/eainoe
ooieoeeiie?iaaiey oicyenoaa Oe?aeiu i?e oa?ica aicieeiiaaiey i?e?iaeiuo
e oaoiiaaiiuo eaoano?io”. – /. 2. – E.: OAeIOC, 1997. – n. 74-76.

Eeiei Y.ss., Nie/ae TH.I., Aeieaeeeia I.I. ?aoaiea yeieiae/aneeo i?iaeai
i?iiuoeaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee iaoiaeaie aiaeiecieyoeee a?oioia // Iaoa?. III
eiioa?aioeee no?ai NIA “Yeieiaey-98”. – Naaa?iaeiiaoee: Oeioaoiieiaey,
1998. – n. 97-98.

Eeiei Y.ss., Nie/ae TH.I., Iieicia TH.A., Aeieaeeeia I.I. Aiaeiecieyoeey
e oe?aieaiea a?oioiauo aeaia e ieioei eiuaeoeeiiiuie ?anoai?aie //
Iaoa?. iaaeaeoia?iaeiie eiio. “Iaaaeueii i?iaeaie eieaiaeaoei?
iiaeoiieaiiy a?oioiaeie aiaeaie oa?eoi?ie iino i naeeu iinueeiai oeio
Oe?a?ie”. – E.: Ciaiiy, 1998. – n. 29-31.

Iaoaio Oe?a?ie ? 11576 IEA A21 D11/38. Niinia aiaeiiciethaaiiy ai?ie/eo
ae?iaie o ii?enoeo iiuaieeao // A.ss. Eiiei, TH.A. Iieicia, A.A.
Eaaoiia, I.I. Aeieaeeeia. Cayae. 02.08.85; Iioae. 25.12.96; Athe. ? 4.

A.N. ? 1582942 NNN?. IEE II2 I 3/16. Ono?ienoai caueou io iaeiiiiethniuo
ooa/ae ia caieth a eaaaeueiie naoe // TH.A. Iieicia, I.I. Aeieaeeeia,
A.E. Iyniaaeia, A.I. Eiiiiaiei, A.A. Eaiioueaa, A.O.Oeeaoia.Cayae.
14.11.88; Iioae. 01.04.90.

Iaoaio Oe?a?ie ? 11556 IEA A21D11/38, A02D3/11 Niinia yeaeo?ioiii/iiai
oaiiiiaaeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae // A.ss. Eiiei, TH.A. Iieicia, TH.I. Nii/ae,
I.I. Aeieaeeeia. Cayae. 18.09.89; Iioae. 25.12.96; Athe. ? 4.

A.N. ? 1817557 NNN?. IEE G 01 R31/08. Niinia eiio?iey iia?aaeaeaiee
ecieyoeee eaaaey a naoe yeaeo?ioeie/aneiai oaiiiiaaea n
aeooi-cacaieaiiuie iiethnaie aui?yieoaey e ono?ienoai aeey aai
inouanoaeaiey // A.A. Na?aei, A.I. Eiiiiaiei, Y.ss. Eeiei , TH.A.
Iieicia, TH.I. Nie/ae, I.I. Aeieaeeeia, A.E. Iyniaaeia. Cayae. 13.02.90;
Iioae. 11.10.92.

Iaoaio Oe?a?ie ? 13270 IEA A 21 D 11/38. Yeaeo?iae-ii’?eoi? aeey
yeaeo?io?i?/iiai oaiiiiaaeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae // A.ss. Eiiei,
TH.A.Iieicia, TH.I. Nii/ae, I.I. Aeieaeeeia, A.?. Iyni?aeia. Cayae.
13.02.90; Iioae. 28.02.97; Athe. ? 1.

Iniaenoee aianie aaoi?a a ?iaioao, ui iioaeieiaaii o niiaaaoi?noai
iieyaa? a ianooiiiio: /3, 4, 6, 17/ – iaoaiaoe/ia iaa?oiooaaiiy,
i?iaaaeaiiy aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeineiaeaeaiue, /7, 8, 11/ – iinoaiiaea
caaea/ aeineiaeaeaiue, i?iaaaeaiiy eaai?aoi?ieo oa iaoo?ieo ?iaio, /5,
13, 23/ – i?iaeoii ?ioaiiy, aeeiiaiiy i?iieneiaeo ?iaio, aiaeic
?acoeueoaoia, /19 – 22/ – iaa?oiooaaiiy iaoiaeo, iinoaiiaea
aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeineiaeaeaiue, aiaeic ?acoeueoaoia, /24 – 28/ –
iaoaiaoe/ii ?ic?aooiee, i?iaaaeaiiy eaai?aoi?ieo aeineiaeaeaiue,
?ic?iaea iiaeaeae, aiaeic ?acoeueoaoia.

AIIOAOeIss

Aeieaeeeia I.I. Eieaiaeaoeiy caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?eieeaia i cae?iieaiiy
ianoieeeo ai?nueeeo ii?iae iiae /an aoaeiaieoeoaa oa aenieoaoaoei?
aa?oeeaeueieo oaooieo noaieia. – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoeiy ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a oaoii/ieo iaoe ca
niaoeiaeueiinoth 05.15.04 – “Oaooia oa iiaecaiia aoaeiaieoeoai”.
Iaoeiiiaeueia ai?ie/a aeaaeaiiy Oe?a?ie. Aeiii?iiao?ianuee. – 1999.

Caoeuathoueny ?acoeueoaoe oai?aoe/ieo oa aenia?eiaioaeueieo
aeineiaeaeaiue ii anoaiiaeaiith caeiiiii?iinoae oi?aaey?iiai oi?ioaaiiy
i?ioeoieueo?a-oeieieo caain – ae?aiia ca eiioo?ii aa?oeeaeueiiai noaiea
a ianoieeeo iiuaii-aeeienoeo, iaii?ieo ii?enoeo oa o?iueioaaoeo
ai?nueeeo ii?iaeao, iaoiaeeee i?iaeooaaiiy ia?aiao?ia oa oaoiieiai/ii
noaie eieaiaeaoei? aiaeii?eieeaia o aa?oeeaeueii noaiee oaoo.

Anoaiiaeaii iniaeeainoi oa/i? ?ic/eiia-aeaeo?ieioia o iaii?ieo ii?enoeo
ai?eciioao iiae aei?th iinoieiiai no?oio oa aeeiioeaiaioieo ?ic/eiia c
?aieiai/-ieie aeanoeainoyie, ui ciiiththoueny, o o?iueioaaoeo ai?nueeeo
ii?iaeao; ?ic?iaeaii oaoii/ii caniae oa iiai oaoiieiai? eieaiaeaoei?
caeeoeiaeo aiaeii?e-ieeaia oa cae?iieaiiy ianoieeeo ii?iae, ui
aiaeia?aaeaii a 18 noaooyo, 5 oacao aeiiiaiaeae, 5 aeiaoiaeao.

Eeth/iai neiaa: noaie, caeeoeiai aiaeii?eieeae, ii?enoi iiuaieee,
o?iueioaaoi ii?iaee, naa?aeeiaeia, aeaeo?ioiii/iee oaiiiiaae,
aeeiioeaiaioiee ?ic/ei.

AIIIOAOeEss

Aeieaeeeia I.I. Eeeaeaeaoeey inoaoi/iuo aiaeii?eoieia e oe?aieaiea
iaonoie/eauo ai?iuo ii?iae i?e no?ieoaeuenoaa e yenieoaoaoeee
aa?oeeaeueiuo oaooiuo noaieia. – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie aeieoi?a oaoie/aneeo iaoe ii
niaoeeeueiinoe 05.15.04 – “Oaooiia e iiaecaiiia no?ieoaeuenoai”.
Iaoeeiiaeueiay ai?iay aeaaeaiey Oe?aeiu. Aeiai?iiao?iane. – 1999.

Caueuathony ?acoeueoaou oai?aoe/aneeo e yenia?eiaioaeueiuo enneaaeiaaiee
ii onoaiiaeaieth caeiiiia?iinoae oi?aaeyaiiai oi?ie?iaaiey
i?ioeaioeeueo?a-oeeiiiuo caaan-ye?aiia ca eiioo?ii aa?oeeaeueiiai noaiea
a iaonoie/eauo ian/aii-aeeienouo, iaii?iuo ii?enouo e o?aueiiaaouo
ai?iuo ii?iaeao, iaoiaeeee i?iaeoe?iaaiey ia?aiao?ia e oaoiieiae/aneea
noaiu eeeaeaeaoeee inoaoi/iuo aiaeii?eoieia a aa?oeeaeueiua noaieu oaoo.

Aeey iaonoie/eauo aeeienouo a?oioia n aunieie iaiaiiie aieinoueth
oai?aoe/anee e yenia?eiaioaeueii iainiiaai niinia aeene?aoiiai
yeaeo?ioeie/aneiai oaiiiiaaea, aaaaeai iiaue iieacaoaeue aeene?aoiinoe
i?ioeanna, aeieacaii /oi aai iioeiaeueiia cia/aiea ninoaaeyao 0 ? 0,35.
Aia?aua auiieiai yeaeo?ioeie/aneee oaiiiiaae iaeeiii?enouo ian/aieeia:
onoaiiaeaia caeiiiia?iinoue ?acaeoey i?ioeanna, iainiiaaiu ?aaeeiiua
ia?aiao?u, aeieacaia aunieay noaiaiue iaia?aoeiie eieueiaoaoeee ii?.
Oai?aoe/aneia ?aoaiea caaea/e i aeaeaeaiee ayceie aeeaeeinoe a iaii?iii
ii?enoii ai?eciioa iiae aeaenoaeai yeaeo?e/aneiai oiea e ?acoeueoaou
yenia?eiaioaeueiuo enneaaeiaaiee iicaieeee ?ac?aaioaoue i?eioeeiu
oi?aaeyaiiai oi?ie?iaaiey caaanu ca eiioo?ii noaiea e iainiiaaoue
iaeanoue i?eiaiaiey yeaeo?ioeie/aneiai oaiiiiaaea a ii?enouo ian/aieeao
Aeiiaanna.

Aiaeeoe/anee iieo/aia iiaay caaeneiinoue aeae?iaeeiaie/aneeo iioa?ue
aeaaeaiey ?anoai?a a o?aueia io i?ino?ainoaaiii-a?aiaiiuo oa?aeoa?enoee
oa/aiey e ?aieiae/aneeo naienoa ayceiieanoe/iiai ?anoai?a,
yenia?eiaioaeueiay i?iaa?ea eioi?ie iiaeoaa?aeeea aiciiaeiinoue
oi?aaeaiey i?ioeannii aeaeaeaiey e inoaiiaee aeeiioeaiaioiuo ?anoai?ia a
o?aueiao /a?ac caaeaiiia a?aiy ia onoaiiaeaiiii ?annoiyiee io noaiea.

Ia aaca onoaiiaeaiiuo iniaaiiinoae oa/aiey ?anoai?ia – yeaeo?ieeoia a
iaii?iuo ii?enouo ai?eciioao iiae aeaenoaeai iinoiyiiiai oiea e
aeeiioeaiaioiuo ?anoai?ia n eciaiythueieny ?aieiae/aneeie naienoaaie a
o?aueiiaaouo ai?iuo ii?iaeao ?ac?aaioaiu iiaua iaoiaeeee i?iaeoe?iaaiey,
oaoie/aneea n?aaenoaa e iiaua oaoiieiaee eeeaeaeaoeee inoaoi/iuo
aiaeii?eoieia e oe?aieaiey iaonoie/eauo ii?iae, aeieacaia iieiay
aaciianiinoue i?iecaiaenoaa yeaeo?ioeie/aneiai oaiiiiaaea ii?enouo
ii?iae a aa?oeeaeueiuo noaieao, ?acoeueoaou enneaaeiaaiee aiaae?aiu a
i?aeoeeo oaooiiai no?ieoaeuenoaa, /oi ioia?aaeaii a 18 noaoueyo, 5
oacenao aeieeaaeia, 5 ecia?aoaieyo.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: noaie, inoaoi/iue aiaeii?eoie, ii?enoua ian/aieee,
o?aueiiaaoua ii?iaeu, neaaaeeia, yeaeo?ioeie/aneee oaiiiiaae,
aeeiioea-iaioiue ?anoai?.

ANNOTATION

Petr Dolzhikov. Elimination of residual water inflows and consolidation
of unstable rock during construction and operation of vertical mining
shafts. – Manuscript.

Thesis on competition of degree of the Doctor of Engineering Sciences on
a speciality 05.15.04 “Mining and underground construction”. National
Mining Academy of Ukraine. Dnepropetrovsk, 1999.

In thesis defenced the theoretical and experimental results
determinition of conformities controled creation of grouting curtains
around vertical shaft in unstable day-sandy, saturated porous and
fractured rock, methods of designing, parameters and technological
schemes elimination of residual water inflows in vertical mining Shafts.

Determined the features of flowing of solutions – electrolites in
pressured porous strata under action of direct current and clay-based
grout with changable rheological properties in fractured rock; developed
the residual water inflows and consolidation of unstable rock, what
represented in 18 articles, 5 theses of lectures and in 5 inventions.

Key words: shaft, residual water inflow, porous sandstone, fractured
rock, borehole, electrochemical grouting, clay-based grout.

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