I?i?noa?noai ina?oe Oe?a?ie
Ee?anueeee iaoe?iiaeueiee aeiiii?/iee oi?aa?neoao
Eoeueaa/iee Na?a?e Aieiaeeie?iae/
OAeE 338.98
Iae?iaeiiii?/ia iie?oeea a Oe?a?i?: aiae?c oa oeyoe aaeineiiaeaiiy
Niaoe?aeuei?noue 08.02.03 – i?aai?caoe?y oi?aae?iiy, ieaioaaiiy ?
?aaoethaaiiy aeiiii?eith
Aaoi?aoa?ao aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
Ee?a –1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia ia eaoaae?? iae?iaeiiii?ee oa aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy
Ee?anueeiai iaoe?iiaeueiiai aeiiii?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo I?i?noa?noaa
ina?oe Oe?a?ie.
Iaoeiaee ea??aieeaeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Naa/aiei Aiaoie?e
A?eai?iae/, Ee?anueeee iaoe?iiaeueiee aeiiii?/iee oi?aa?neoao,
caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?ith iae?iaeiiii?ee oa aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy.
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:– aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, noa?oee iaoeiaee
ni?a?ia?oiee Aaaeae TH??e Ieeieaeiae/, ?inoeooo aeiiii?/iiai
i?iaiicoaaiiy IAI Oe?a?ie, caa?aeoaa/ a?aeae?eii oaoiieia?/iiai
i?iaiicoaaiiy oa ?iiaaoe?eii? iie?oeee;
– eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio Aieaeaeia A?eoi? ?aaiiae/,
Iaoe?iiaeueiee aaie Oe?a?ie, ia/aeueiee oi?aae?iiy iia?aoeaiiai aiae?co
oa i?iaiicoaaiiy ?icaeoeo a?ioiai-e?aaeeoiiai ?eieo.
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa?inoeooo aeiiii?ee IAI Oe?a?ie, a?aeae?e oai?aoe/ieo
i?iaeai ?aaoethaaiiy aeiiii?ee, i. Ee?a.
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “15” aeiaoiy 1999 ?ieo i 16 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 26.006.03 Ee?anueeiai iaoe?iiaeueiiai
aeiiii?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ca aae?anith: 252057, i. Ee?a-57, i?.
Ia?aiiae, 54/1, aoaeeoi??y 214.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? Ee?anueeiai
iaoe?iiaeueiiai aeiiii?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “14” aa?aniy 1999 ?ieo.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
Ooen A.A.
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA AeENA?OAOe?EII? ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? o oiio, ui oni?oia
?aoi?ioaaiiy oe?a?inueei? aeiiii?ee caeaaeeoue, ia?o ca ana, a?ae
i?aaeeueiiai aecia/aiiy i??i?eoao?a ? iai?yie?a aaeineiiaeaiiy /eiii?
iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee. Nooue i?iaeaie iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee
iieyaa? o iecuee?e aoaeoeaiino? ?? cania?a, a?aenooiino? aieeao ia
?aaeuei? aeiiii?/i? iieacieee: oaiie c?inoaiiy AAI, ??aaiue caeiyoino?,
ianyae ?iaanoeoe?e oiui.
O?eaaea aeiiii?/ia e?eca a Oe?a?i? a cia/i?e i??? iaoiiaeaia
iaaeineiiae?noth aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy aeiiii?eith, iaaoaeoeaiith
iae?iaeiiii?/iith iie?oeeith. Aenieee ??aaiue aea?aeaaieo aeo?ao i?eca?a
aei no??ieiai iaa?iiaaeaeaiiy aioo??oi?o oa ciai?oi?o ai?a?a,
?ic?aoiaoaaoenue ca yeeie Oe?a?ia ca oiia niaaeo a ?aaeueiiio naeoi??
aeiiii?ee ia ia? iiaeeeaino?. Ca oiia iecueei? ?ioeyoe?? oea
i?ecaiaeeoue aei ai?aiai? onoaeaiino?, cina?aaeaeo? cia/io /anoeio
e?aaeeoieo ?ano?n?a ia ianeoaiaoaaii? aea?aeaaiiai ai?ao, i?eai?/o?
?iaanoeoe?eiee i?ioean.
Iaocaiaeaeai?noue cania?a iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee, iaiine?aeiai?noue a
?? i?iaaaeaii? ? aieea iie?oe/iiai i?ioeano cieaeothoue aoaeoeai?noue
aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ? ?iaeyoue neooaoe?th a aeiiii?oe?
iaeiea?iaaiith. Caie?eaiiy c i?iaaaeaiiyi aeiiii?/ieo ?aoi?i eeoa
oneeaaeith? e aac oiai oyaeea noaiiaeua a?o/eciyii? aeiiii?ee.
Iayai?noue oa iino?eia c?inoaiiy caai?aiaaiino? c nioe?aeueieo aeieao
aaaeooue aei c?inoaiiy nioe?aeueii? iai?oae. Aca?iia caai?aiaai?noue
i?aei?e?inoa, iaieaoaae?, aa?oa?ecaoe?y ca a?aenooiino? aoaeoeaiiai
iaoai?cio aaie?oonoaa ?oeiothoue ae?iaie/o noa?o aeiiii?ee,
ia?aoeiaeaeath/e ?icaeoeo iaa?oue ?aioaaaeueieo i?aei?e?inoa.
Iaa?aaoeueiaaieie caeeoathoueny ieoaiiy aeaniino?, a?aenooi?e ?aaeueiee
ainiiaea? cania?a ae?iaieoeoaa.
?ic?iaoe? i?iaeai i?iaaaeaiiy iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee ? aeinyaiaiiy
??aiiaaae a aeiiii?oe? i?enay/aia aaeeea e?euee?noue iaoeiaeo i?aoeue,
cie?aia, ooiaeaiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy eeanee?a (E. Aaeue?an,
A. Ia?oaee, Aeae. I. Eaein, I. Naioaeuenii, I. O??aeiai, Aeae. ?. O?en,
?. Oainai, ?. Iaiaeaee, ?. Eoean, ss.O?iaa?aai oa ?io?), i?aoe?
i?ia?aeieo a?o/eciyieo ? ca?oa?aeieo a/aieo (A. Aeieai, Aeae. Naen,
E. Iaeeiiiaee, A. Iaie`th, A. Eaiioue?a, ss. Ei?ia?, E. Aaaee?i,
A. ?eea??iiia, ?. Eoe?iia, N. Ii/a?iee ? ?io?). I?e oeueiio ne?ae
a?aei?oeoe a?aenooi?noue ?aeeiiai iiaeyaeo ia oeyoe aeinyaiaiiy
noaa?eueiino? ? ??aiiaaae caniaaie iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee. O ?yae?
aeiaaee?a i?ae aeiiii?noaie aai a?aenooiy caaaeueia oi/ea ci?o ia
iaoai?ci ae?? oiai /e ?ioiai caniao iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee, aai eiai
?ioa?i?aoaoe?y ia ? aacoiiaiith.
O?ainoi?iaoe?eia aeiiii?ea iio?aao? niaoeeo?/ieo i?aeoiae?a. Oiio
iaaeaaiiy cao?aeii? aeiiii?/ii? oai??? a aaaaoueio aeiaaeeao ia iiaea
aooe aeei?enoaia a oiiaao Oe?a?ie. Oea noaaeoue aeiiii?no?a ia?aae
iaiao?aei?noth ia?ainieneaiiy aaaaoueio oai?aoe/ieo eiioeaioe?e ?
?ic?iaee iiaeo iieiaeaiue, ye? a ni?eyee aeinyaiaiith noaa?eueiino? a
oiiaao ia?ao?aeieo aeiiii?e.
O?ainoi?iaoe?ei? i?ioeane ? aeiiii?/i? ia?aoai?aiiy, iiaycai? c
?aoi?ioaaiiyi a?aeiinei aeaniino?, ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??th ia?iaeiiai
ainiiaea?noaa i?ecaiaeyoue aei aeoea?caoe?? aaeeei? e?eueeino? /eiiee?a,
ui aieeaathoue ia i/?eoaaiiy, i?aeaeuothoue ?o /ooeea?noue ? aeeiai?ci.
Oey ianoaaeia aeiaaa? a?ae caoiae?a iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee a?eueoi?
aio/eino?, a a?ae ?? aiae?oe/ii? aace – a?eueo aaeaeaaoiiai
a?aeia?aaeaiiy ?aaeueieo aeiiii?/ieo i?ioean?a.
Ioaea, oai?aoe/i? ? iaoiaeieia?/i? ieoaiiy i?iaaaeaiiy iae?iaeiiii?/ii?
iie?oeee aeiaaathoue naiai iiaeaeueoiai aea/aiiy ? ae??oaiiy. Iniaeeai?
oaaae iio?aao? ?ic?iaea aoaeoeaieo a oiiaao ia?aoiaeo aei ?eieiaeo
a?aeiinei i?eeii?a oa iaoiae?a i?iaaaeaiiy iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee.
Iaiao?aeii iiaeeaethaaoe iiooe oeyo?a aaeineiiaeaiiy cania?a
iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee, ?o ocaiaeaeaiiy oa i?eaaaeaiiy o
a?aeiia?aei?noue aei oiia o?ainoi?iaoe?eii? aeiiii?ee.
Caycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeena?oaoe?eia
aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaaaeaii o a?aeiia?aeiino? aei oaiaoeee
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o Ee?anueeiai iaoe?iiaeueiiai aeiiii?/iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo (EIAO), cie?aia, i?e aeeiiaii? oaie “Iaoiaeieia?y
ae?aaiinoeee, i?iaiicoaaiiy oa aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ci?oaii?
aeiiii?ee”. Iiia? aea?ae?a?no?aoe?? 0198V003239.
Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoith aeine?aeaeaiiy ? ?ic?iaea
oai?aoe/ieo ? i?aeoe/ieo ieoaiue aaeineiiaeaiiy iae?iaeiiii?/ii?
iie?oeee. Oaea iaoa aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy iaoiiaeea iinoaiiaeo
? ae??oaiiy ianooiieo caaaeaiue:
· cae?enieoe e?eoe/iee aiae?c i?aeoeee iae?iaeiiii?/iiai ?aaoethaaiiy a
Oe?a?i? oa aecia/eoe /eiieee, ui coiiaeththoue iecueeo aoaeoeai?noue
iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee c o?aooaaiiyi iniaeeainoae ia?ao?aeii?
oe?a?inueei? aeiiii?ee;
· aecia/eoe iniiai? iai?yiee i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? iae?iaeiiii?/ii?
iie?oeee, ui iathoue ni?eyoe iiaeieaiith e?ece a oe?a?inuee?e aeiiii?oe?
? ii/aoeo c?inoaiiy;
· ?ic?iaeoe a?aeiia?aei? iaoiaeieia?/i? ? i?aeoe/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? aeey
canoinoaaiiy a i?ioean? aiae?co ? ?ic?iaee iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee;
· i?iaiae?coaaoe ie?ai? iaoiaee ? aiae?oe/i? ?ino?oiaioe
iae?iaeiiii?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue ? cai?iiiioaaoe iiaeeea? oeyoe ?o
aaeineiiaeaiiy.
I?aaeiaoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? iae?iaeiiii?/ia iie?oeea. Aea
iae?iaeiiii?/ia iie?oeea – oea neeaaeia nenoaia, yea aeeth/a? oe?ieee
niaeo? oe?eae ? cania?a aea?aeaaiiai aieeao ia aeiiii?/i? i?ioeane,
ioiieoe ye? a iaaeao iaei??? ?iaioe iaiiaeeeai. Oiio i?aaeiaoii
aeena?oaoe?? ? iae?iaeiiii?/ia iie?oeea a eiioaeno? eeoa o?ueio ??
aieiaieo neeaaeiaeo: o?neaeueii?, iiiaoa?ii? oa ?iaanoeoe?eii? iie?oeee.
Ia?eoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? aeiiii?ea Oe?a?ie.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?ic?iaie, io?eiaieo aaoi?ii iniaenoi, iieyaa? o
ianooiiiio:
· anoaiiaeaii, ui iecueea aoaeoeai?noue no/anii? iae?iaeiiii?/ii?
iie?oeee a Oe?a?i? coiiaeaia a?aeiinii aenieei ??aiai aea?aeaaiiai
niiaeeaaiiy, yeee ia a?aeiia?aea? iiaeeeainoyi athaeaeaoo. Oea
i?iyaey?oueny a aeao?oeeo? inoaiiueiai ? no??ieiio c?inoaii?
aea?aeaaiiai ai?ao;
· a?aoiaioo?oueny aeioe?euei?noue anoaiiaeaiiy aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo noaaie
iiaeaoeo ia aeiaeaio aa?o?noue (IAeA) oa ?icoe?aiiy eiea i?aeaeoeecieo
oiaa??a, ui ia? caaacia/eoe aeiaeaoeia? iaaeoiaeaeaiiy aei athaeaeaoo
aac nei?i/aiiy ianyao iiieoo;
· c iaoith noai?aiiy oiia aeey ?icoe?aiiy e?aaeeooaaiiy i?iiiio?oueny
a?aeiiaeoeny a?ae eiioeaioe?? iiiaoa?ii? iie?oeee, yea a?oioo?oueny ia
aeio?eiaii? iecueeeo oaii?a ?ioeyoe??;
· ia iniia? aeine?aeaeaiiy ca`yceo i?ae ??aiai iiiaoecaoe?? ?
no?oeoo?ith a?ioiai? iane a?aoiaioiaaii iiaee i?aeo?ae aei aecia/aiiy
oaeaeeino? ia?ao a?ioae;
· cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaeeeo ioe?iee iniiaieo iae?iiieaciee?a, a iniia?
yei? eaaeeoue aaeineiiaeaia iiaeaeue “noeoiiee iiieo-noeoiia
i?iiiceoe?y”.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy
noai?ththoue ia?aaeoiiae aeey i?aeoe/ieo caoiae?a uiaei i?aeaeuaiiy
aoaeoeaiino? iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee. ?ic?iaeai? iaoiaee/i? iieiaeaiiy
iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? ia aoai? i?iaeooaaiiy (ieaioaaiiy) oa
i?eeiyooy ??oaiue a aaeoc? iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee ? cae?eniaiiy
eiie?aoieo oi?aae?inueeeo caoiae?a i?e aeeiiaii? i?ia?ai aeoiaeo Oe?a?ie
c e?eciaiai noaio ? ii/aoeo c?inoaiiy.
*anoeia iieiaeaiue ?iaioe aeei?enoaia a ?iaio? a?aeae?eo aiae?co ?
i?iaiicoaaiiy nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo Neoaeae I?ai??-i?i?no?a
Oe?a?ie.
?yae iieiaeaiue ?iaioe aeei?enoaiee i?e aeeeaaeaii? eo?no
“Iae?iaeiiii?/ia iie?oeea” a EIAO. Cai?iiiiiaai? iai?yiee aaeineiiaeaiiy
iiaeaeueiiai aia?aoo iae?iaeiiii?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue ni?eyoeiooue
iiaeaeueoiio ?icaeoeo aiae?oe/ii? aace iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy. Ie?ai? iieiaeaiiy
aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aeiiia?aeaeenue ia II I?aeia?iaei?e
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Ia?eaoeia: oai??y ? i?aeoeea”
17.04.98?. ? ia Anaoe?a?inuee?e eiioa?aioe?? “Aeiiii?/i? ?aoi?ie a
Oe?a?i?: iiceoe?y iieiae?“, yea i?ioiaeeea 30.06-1.07.98?. o ?aieao
eiieo?no aeine?aeaeaiue, i?aai?ciaaiiai I?aeia?iaeiei oeaio?ii
ia?niaeoeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue ni?eueii c IAO ? Ee?anueeei iaoe?iiaeueiei
oi?aa?neoaoii ?i. O.A.Oaa/aiea.
Ioae?eaoe??. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy ?iaioe aeeeaaeai? o 5 iaoeiaeo i?aoeyo,
o oiio /ene? 3 noaooyo o iaoeiaeo aeo?iaeao, ca??ieeo iaoeiaeo i?aoeue
oa iaoa??aeao eiioa?aioe??.
No?oeoo?a oa ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, o?ueio
?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae, ui i?noeoue 141
iacao, aeaio aeiaeaoe?a. ?iaioa aeeeaaeaia ia 174 noi??ieao ae?oeiaaiiai
oaenoo, aeeth/a? 15 oaaeeoeue oa 39 ?enoie?a.
INIIAIEE CI?NO AeENA?OAOe?EIIAI AeINE?AeAEAIIss
O anooi? iaa?oioiao?oueny aeooaeuei?noue oaie, iaoa ? caaaeaiiy,
i?aaeiao ? ia`?eo aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe, aecia/a?oueny iaiao?aei?noue
i?iaaaeaiiy aeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy, ?ice?eaa?oueny iaoeiaa iiaecia eiai
iieiaeaiue ? cia/ou?noue.
O ia?oiio ?icae?e? ?icaeyaeathoueny caaaeaiiy oa i?iaeaie cae?eniaiiy
iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee, ?? caniae oa aiae?oe/ia aaca.
I?aee?aneth?oueny, ui iaaei??ia e?euee?noue oe?eae ? caaaeaiue
iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee ii?iaeaeo? aaeeeo e?euee?noue i?iaeai. Na?aae
ieo i?iaeaia ae??aino? ie?aieo aaaeae?a aieeao ia iae?iaeiiii?/io
neooaoe?th, a oaeiae iaaecia/ai?noue aieeao caoiae?a o?yaeo ia oe?eueia?
iieacieee. Iaaecae/aeii aeooaeueiith i?iaeaiith aeey iaoi? e?a?ie ?
iaocaiaeaeai?noue cania?a iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee i?ae niaith, ?o
aioo??oiy noia?a/eea?noue ? iaiine?aeiai?noue o canoinoaaii?.
Aeiiii?/i? caniae iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee iiae?eythoueny ia o?neaeuei?
? iiiaoa?i?, caniae nioe?aeueii? ? ciai?oiuei-aeiiii?/ii?,
?iaanoeoe?eii? iie?oeee oa iie?oeee aeioiae?a. A?eueo aeaoaeueii a
?iaio? ?icaeyaeathoueny ?ino?oiaioe o?neaeueii?, a?ioiai-e?aaeeoii? oa
?iaanoeoe?eii? iie?oeee.
sse iieacaii a ?iaio?, ?nioth/a iaoiaeieia?/ia caaacia/aiiy aiae?oe/ii?
?iaioe ? aia?ao iae?iiiaeaeae o ?yae? aeiaaee?a aeaiiino?othoue naith
iai?eaeaoi?noue aeey canoinoaaiiy a oiiaao o?ainoi?iaoe?eieo nenoai.
Cie?aia, ?niothoue i?iaeaie aeei?enoaiiy iiaeaeae “a?ioiaee iiieo —
a?ioiaa i?iiiceoe?y” oa “noeoiiee iiieo — noeoiia i?iiiceoe?y” o ?o
o?aaeeoe?ei?e o?aeoiaoe?. A ieo iaaeinoaoiuei /?oei ?iciaaeiao?oueny
aieea ??cieo cania?a iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee oa eieeaaiue ae?eiai?
aeoeaiino? ia iaeaaaeeea?o? iieacieee aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo. Na?aae
iaaeie?e?a ?nioth/iai ?ino?oiaioa??th iae?iaeiiii?/iiai aiae?co a ?iaio?
aeaco?oueny oaeiae ia a?aenooi?noue a?aeia?aaeaiiy o caaaeaieo iiaeaeyo
i?ioean?a, iiaycaieo c ?ooii a?ioiaeo cai?iiee?a, aeeneooo?oueny ieoaiiy
i?i aeiaeaoi?e iaoee e?eai? LM a iiaeae? IS-LM, c?iaeaii ie?ai?
caoaaaeaiiy uiaei aeaaaeaiiy e?eai? IS.
Iaiaaeai?noue canoinoaaiiy cacia/aieo iiaeaeae coiiaeaia oei, ui a
iniia? ?o iiaoaeiae eaaeeoue i?eiouaiiy i?i iaci?ii?noue oe?i o
ei?ioeino?ieiaiio ia??iae?. Ne?ae caoaaaeeoe, ui iiaeeea?noue oe?iiaeo
no?eae?a ?iaeoue iiae?e a?ae??ce?a /ano a aeiiii?oe? ia ei?ioei- ?
aeiaaino?ieia? aeiaie? oiiaiei. I/aaeaeiith aaa/a?oueny iaaei?a/i?noue
oaeiai iiae?eo, ine?eueee oea iaiaaeo? iiaeeeaino? aiae?co eiie?aoieo
neooaoe?e, ui i?noyoue iciaee ye iaeieo, oae ? ?ioeo. ?nio? oaeiae
i?iaeaia aecia/aiiy iiiyooy oaeaeeino? iaa?oaiiy a?ioae.
Aeacai? iaaeie?ee cana?ae/othoue iaaeineiiae?noue ?nioth/i? aiae?oe/ii?
aace iae?iaeine?aeaeaiue ? iaiao?aei?noue ?? iiaeaeueoi? ?ic?iaee ?
aaeineiiaeaiiy.
O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? i?aaenoaaeaii aiae?c o?ueio aieiaieo neeaaeiaeo
iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee: o?neaeueii?, iiiaoa?ii? ? ?iaanoeoe?eii?.
Aeoiaey/e c o??aaee oe?eae iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee, iiaeia
noaa?aeaeoaaoe, ui i?iaaaeaiiy caoiae?a o?neaeueii? iie?oeee o iao?e
e?a?i? cae?enith? nei??oa aeanoaa?e?coth/ee aieea ia aeiiii?eo, i?ae
ni?ey? ?icaeoeo. Ii-ia?oa, ia nei?i/o?oueny, a eeoa c?inoa? aac?ia?ooy.
Ii-ae?oaa, /eiia o?neaeueia iie?oeea iaei ni?ey? iiaeieaiith ?ioeyoe??.
Ii-o?ao?, cae?eniaiiy caoiae?a o?neaeueii? iie?oeee ia ni?ey?
ia?iuoaaiith ianya?a ae?iaieoeoaa.
Ia iaoo aeoieo, aieiaia i?iaeaia a?o/eciyii? o?neaeueii? iie?oeee
iieyaa? o iai?iii?oe?eii aaeeeiio aea?aeaaiiio niiaeeaaii?. Oea aeeeeea?
athaeaeaoiee aeao?oeeo ? iia`ycai? c iei i?iaeaie. I?e/eie oaeiai noaio
iiaeia ia`?aeiaoe o 2 a?oie: a?aeiinii aaeeea aeaeaoeiaa /anoeia ?
o?iainoaaiiy ?? ia?aaeuaiiy iaae aeio?aeiith; iecueeee ??aaiue
iaaeoiaeaeaiue, ia?o ca ana iiaeaoeiaeo (?en. 1, aeiee ? ? ??).
Ia`?eoeaii i?iaeaia iecueeeo aeioiae?a coiiaeaia iaaeineiiaeith
iiaeaoeiaith nenoaiith, ui i?iyaey?oueny o ?? iaaoaeoeaiino? oa
iaaio/eino?. Aiai?y/e i?i iaaio/e?noue ?nioth/i? iiaeaoeiai? nenoaie,
iaiao?aeii a?aei?oeoe iaaeineiiae?noue no?oeoo?e iiaeaoe?a. A?aeiinii
iecueeith ? /anoea iai?yieo iiaeaoe?a o neeaae? aeioiae?a, cie?aia,
aeoeeciiai cai?o. IAeA a ieioeiio ?ioe? c?a?aii iaeaea ia 21% iaioa
caieaiiaaiiai. I?ae oei oe?oa aaca iiiaeaoeoaaiiy IAeA ? ?noioiith
aeiiaith, iaiao?aeiith aeey o?neaeueii? noaa?e?caoe?? Oe?a?ie ? ??
o?ainoi?iaoe?? o ?eieiao aeiiii?eo.
Iaoii?noue ca ?aooiie iiaeaoeo ia i?eaooie i?aei?e?inoa aei athaeaeaoo
iaaeoiaeeoue iai?iii?oe?eii aaeeea /anoea – aeecueei 20% aeio?aeii?
/anoeie eiinie?aeiaaiiai athaeaeaoo. I?ae oei a?aeiii, ui o ia?ao?aei?e
aeiiii?oe? a?eueo aeioe?eueii ?iaeoe aeoeaioe naia ia iai?yieo
iiaeaoeao, ine?eueee aeioiaee i?aei?e?inoa iathoue i?iaeoeoeai?oee
oa?aeoa?.
Aeaoaeueiee ?icaeyae no?oeoo?e aeaeaoe?a athaeaeaoo na?ae/eoue i?i
a?aenooi?noue aeinoaoiuei iaa?oioiaaii? nenoaie aeo?ao. Aenieith ?
/anoea aeo?ao ia ianeoaiaoaaiiy ai?ao (2,3-3,2% AAI) oa ia oi?aae?iiy ?
i?aaiioi?iiio ae?yeuei?noue (aeecueei 3% AAI), eeoa?oueny ia aenieiio
??ai? o?iainoaaiiy noa’?eo?a aeiiii?ee (6,9% AAI).
I?iaeaio ia?aaeuaiiy aeaeaoe?a iaae aeio?aeiith /anoeiith o?yae
iaiaaaany ae??ooaaoe i?ioyaii inoaii?o e?eueeio ?ie?a, ca?eueooth/e
noaaee iiiaeaoeoaaiiy, aaiaey/e iia? iiaeaoee oa cai?e (aeie ??? ?enoiea
1). I?ioa oea noai?thaaei oiiae, ui eeoa caoaeoaaee aaco iiiaeaoeoaaiiy
(aeie V), ?ai?iaeoeoth/e aeo?aeio i?iaeaio (eiei A.).
?en. 1. Noaiaoe/ia cia?aaeaiiy i?e/ei ? iane?aee?a i?iaaaeaiiy
o?neaeueii? iie?oeee a Oe?a?i?.
Ae?yeuei?noue o?yaeo, ni?yiiaaia ia cieaeaiiy aeao?oeeoo athaeaeaoa oa
eiai iie?eooy, aeiaaa? caeo/aiiy ia?ioeyoe?eieo aeaea?ae o?iainoaaiiy:
aioo??oi? oa ciai?oi? iiceee (aeie ?V). I?ioa neeaaeia iae?iaeiiii?/ia
neooaoe?y a e?a?i? oa na?oiaa e?eca 1997-98 ?ie?a noi?ioaaee aeineoue
aenieee ??aaiue i?ioeaioieo noaaie ia na?oiaeo o?iainiaeo ?eieao. *a?ac
oea oyaa? aea?aeaaiiai ai?ao iicia/eany ia aeaeaoeia?e /anoei?
athaeaeaoo o aeaeyae? cia/ieo aeo?ao ia eiai ianeoaiaoaaiiy (aeie VI),
ui ciiao-oaee eeoa iineethaaei aeo?aeio i?iaeaio (eiei A.).
Oaeei /eiii, aiae?c noa?e athaeaeaoii-iiaeaoeiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy o 1994 –
ia?o?e iieiaei? 1998 ?ie?a aeicaiey? c?iaeoe aeniiaie i?i a?aenooi?noue
aioo??oiuei? eia?ee athaeaeaoiiai i?ioeano, i?i a?aee?eoee oa?aeoa?
iaeiie/aiiy o iueiio iaaaoeaieo oaiaeaioe?e, ui ia a inoaiith /a?ao
coiiaeaii niiaeea/ith ni?yiiaai?noth aea?aeaaieo aeo?ao. Oea icia/a?
iia??oaiiy no?oeoo?e noeoiieo aeo?ao a aeiiii?oe?, ? ia?niaeoeaa
iie?auaiiy no?oeoo?e oe?a?inueei? aeiiii?ee ca oaeeo oiia noa? ua a?eueo
a?aeaeaeaiith.
O i?iaaaeaii? a?ioiai-e?aaeeoii? iie?oeee c iiiaioo iaaoooy Oe?a?iith
iacaeaaeiino? /?oei i?inoaaeothoueny aeaa oa?aeoa?ieo ia??iaee: ii/aoie
? ae?oaa iieiaeia iioi/iiai aeanyoee?ooy. O ia?o?e iieiaei? 90-o ?ie?a a
Oe?a?i? i?iaiaeeeany i?i?ioeyoe?eia iae?iaeiiii?/ia iie?oeea. Oey
iie?oeea iioeaoaaeany – o a?aeiia?aeiino? c eaein?ainueeeie
?aeiiaiaeaoe?yie – i?aaiaiiyi i?aeo?eiaoe ae?iaieoeoai ca aeiiiiiaith
a?ioiaeo ?i’?eoe?e.
A 1994 ?ioe? iiiaoa?ia iie?oeea IAO aoea ni?yiiaaia ia i?eai?eaiiy
?ioeyoe??. Ne?ae aeciaoe, ui oaea iie?oeea iaea oaeoe/iee oa?aeoa?.
A?oioiaiee aiae?c ?ioeyoe?eieo oaiaeaioe?e ? iaiao?aei?noue ?o
iiaeieaiiy ia?aeiieeai na?ae/aoue i?i aeioe?euei?noue caaaeaieo
?ano?eeoeaieo caoiae?a o oe?e noa??. I?ioa ooai?aiiy a?aeiiniiai
aeao?oeeoo a?ioae o ?aaeueiiio naeoi?? ia cieueei ?ioeyoe?th, a eeoa
i?eoiaaei ??, ia?aoai?eaoe ia ?io? oi?ie (caai?aiaai?noue, iaaeieaoe
oiui). I?eai?/aiiy ?ioeyoe?? iiieoo iiiaoa?ieie iaoiaeaie iineeeei
niaae ae?iaieoeoaa, ui aeoea?co? ?ioee aeae ?ioeyoe?? – ?ioeyoe?th
aeo?ao. Oea oa?aeoa?eco? /eiio a?ioiai-e?aaeeoio iie?oeeo ye
noia?a/eeao.
O ?iaio? c?iaeaii aeniiaie i?i iayai?noue ia no/aniiio aoai? ?icaeoeo
a?o/eciyii? aeiiii?ee ?aoean?eiiai ?ic?eao, yeee coiiaeaiee – c iaeiiai
aieo – ia`?eoeaieie o?oaeiiuaie ia?ao?aeiiai ia??iaeo, a c ?ioiai –
ia?aiiyi a iae?iaeiiii?/i?e iie?oeoe? eo?no ia aeio?eiaiiy iecueei?
?ioeyoe??.
Neooaoe?th, ui neeaeany a aeiiii?oe? Oe?a?ie, iiaeia oa?aeoa?ecoaaoe ye
a?aenooi?noue ocaiaeaeaiino? i?ae a?ioiai-e?aaeeoiith ?
athaeaeaoii-iiaeaoeiaith iie?oeeith. Iacaaeainiaai?noue athaeaeaoo
cina?aaeaeo? ia?aaaaeio /anoeio a?ioiai-e?aaeeoieo ?ano?n?a ia ?eieo
e?aaeeooaaiiy aea?aeaaieo aeo?ao, ui iaiaaeo? iiaeeeaino? e?aaeeooaaiiy
aeiiii?ee. Iaaiith i??ith iaiao?aei?noue aeeiiaiiy aeiia
noaa?e?caoe?eieo i?ia?ai IAO (i?aeo?eiaiiy anoaiiaeaieo ??ai?a
?ioeyoe??, i?e?inoo aaethoieo ?aca?a?a) noia?a/eoue iao? aeiiii?/iiai
c?inoaiiy, ine?eueee aioo??oi? e?aaeeoe i?e oeueiio iathoue
nei?i/oaaoeny.
C e?ioey 1997 ?ieo a?ioiaa iie?oeea oaeoe/ii eeoa?oueny ca?o/ieoeath
o?neaeueii? iacaaeainiaaiino?. Oea oiaiiaeeeaeth? i?iaaaeaiiy aoaeoeaii?
iiiaoa?ii? iie?oeee ? ia aeicaiey? a iiai?e i??? ?aae?coaaoe iioaioe?ae
?? cania?a aeey aeinyaiaiiy ?ioeo, ia iaio aaaeeeaeo, oe?eae. Iaei??th c
i?e/ei oaeiai iieiaeaiiy ? cia/ia caeaaei?noue oeaio?aeueiiai aaieo
e?a?ie a?ae o?yaeo, iaiiaeeea?noue i?iaaaeaiiy naiino?eii? iie?oeee o
iiiaoa?i?e noa??. Ioaea, aeooaeueiei aaa/a?oueny aeiei??iii ia?aaeyiooe
eiioeaioe?th no/anii? iiiaoa?ii? iie?oeee a Oe?a?i?.
Aiae?c ?iaanoeoe?eiiai i?ioeano aeiaiaeeoue, ui Oe?a?ia ia ia? ?aaeueii?
aace aeey oaeaeeiai ia?aoiaeo aei aeiiii?/iiai c?inoaiiy. Oaiaeaioe??
no?oeoo?ieo ia?aoai?aiue a aeiiii?oe? Oe?a?ie na?ae/aoue, ui aei
inoaiiueiai /ano no?oeoo?a ?iaanoeoe?e neeaaeaeany aac iaeaaeii?
oe?eani?yiiaaii? iie?oeee c aieo ye aea?aeaae, oae ? ainiiaea?nueeeo
nenoai. Aecia/ai? no?aoaa??th ?eieiaeo ?aoi?i i??i?eoaoe ia
i?aee??ieththoueny eiie?aoieie aeaea?aeaie ?iaanooaaiiy.
Ii?yae c ia?icaeioo?noth ?eieo eai?oae?a ? aaie?anueei? nenoaie ?icaeoeo
?iaanoeoe?eii? aeoeaiino? ia?aoeiaeaea? oaeiae ?nioth/a iiaeaoeiaa
nenoaia Oe?a?ie. ??aaiue aeeo/aiiy ?aaeueiiai i?eaooeo ? iaaecae/aeii
aenieei.
Iacaaeainiaaiee athaeaeao ? ae??oaeueiei /eiieeii, ui iaiaaeo?
?iaanooaaiiy a iniiaiee eai?oae. Noai?thth/e aeiaeaoeiaee oene ia
i?ioeaioi? noaaee, a?i no?eio? e?aaeeooaaiiy aeiiii?ee. Iaeii/anii
iecuee? aeioiaee athaeaeaoo coiiaeththoue iaiaaeai? aea?aeaai?
eai?oaeuei? aeeaaeaiiy.
Iacia/iee i?ia?an o i?ioean? i?eaaoecaoe?? ? aea?aaoeyoe?? iaoiiaea
caa?aaeaiiy iecueeiai ??aiy i?eieeao i?yieo ?iicaiieo ?iaanoeoe?e.
A?eueo oe?ieiio caeo/aiith ?iicaiiiai eai?oaeo caaaaeathoue caaaeueia
iie?oeei-aeiiii?/ia ianoaa?euei?noue a iao?e aea?aeaa?, iaa?aaoeueiaaia
i?aaiaa aaca i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino?, cia/ia ei?oiiiaai?noue
oe?a?inueeeo /eiiaiee?a.
Cae?eniaiee o ?iaio? aiae?c o?neaeuei? ? iiiaoa?ii? iie?oeee aea?
oyaeaiiy i?i aeineoue iani?eyoeea? ia?aaeoiiae ?iaanoeoe?eiiai i?ioeano
a Oe?a?i? (?en. 2). A?i ? iio?aeiei a?ae noaio o o?neaeuei?e oa
a?ioia?e noa?ao ? a?aeiia?aeii? iie?oeee.
?en. 2. Iani?eyoeea? ia?aaeoiiae ?iaanoeoe?eiiai i?ioeano a Oe?a?i?.
Neeaaeia noaiiaeua ia o?iainiaeo ?eieao noi?ioaaeiny i?ae aieeaii, ia?o
ca ana, athaeaeaoii? iacaaeainiaaiino?, ui, a e?ioeaaiio i?aenoieo,
coiiaeth? iaiiaeeea?noue oi?ioaaiiy aeoeaii? ?iaanoeoe?eii? iie?oeee.
Oey ianoaaeia oiaiiaeeeaeth? cae?eniaiiy iaa?iiaaeaeaiiy eai?oaeo –
aieiaii? ia?aaeoiiae ?iaanoeoe?eiiai i?ioeano.
O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? iaa?oioiao?oueny iaiao?aei?noue iineeaiiy ao?o/aiiy
aea?aeaae a aeiiii?/i? i?ioeane c iaoith i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee oa iaaiaeyoueny ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei
i?aeoe/ii? ?aae?caoe?? a?aeiia?aeieo caoiae?a. I?iiiiothoueny aeaye?
iai?yiee aaeineiiaeaiiy aiae?oe/ii? aace iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee.
Ia i?ioyc? on??? ?iaioe i?aee?anethaaeanue aeoiea i?i oa, ui
noaa?e?caoe?eia iie?oeea a oiiaao o?ainoi?iaoe?eii? aeiiii?ee ia iiaea
iieeaaeaoenue ia oo ?aaeoe?th, yea iaea a i?noea ca oiia ?icaeiooi?
?eieiai? nenoaie. Ine?eueee iniiaia e?euee?noue ?eieiaeo ?inoeooo?a
ciaoiaeeoueny o noaae?? noai?aiiy, oi aeiiii?/ia iie?oeea iiaea aooe
iaaoaeoeaiith, aai, i?eiaeii?, iaio ia?aaeaa/oaaiith ? iaio aoaeoeaiith.
Caaino?aiiy i?iaeai ia?ao?aeii? aeiiii?ee iia’ycaia ?c iineaaeaiiyi ae??
aaei?i?no?aoeaieo iaoiae?a. Oiio oe?eeii i/aaeaeiith ? iaiao?aei?noue
aaeaeaaoiiai aeeaei? iei?oiuei? e?ece i?aeaeuaiiy ianooaa?a ? nooiaiy
aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy, a ieoiia aaaa aaei?i?no?aoeaieo cania?a
iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee iiaeiia aooe cia/ii a?eueoith a ia?ao?aeiee
ia??iae. Oea iaiao?aeii aeey iiaeieaiiy no?oeoo?ii? iaaeineiiaeino?
a?o/eciyii? aeiiii?ee. Ni?aaa a oiio, ui ?eieiaa nenoaia iiaea aoaeoeaii
i?aoethaaoe a ?ac? ?aoe?iiaeueii? no?oeoo?e aeiiii?ee, aea oey nenoaia
ia caeaoia ?? oe?eani?yiiaaii oi?ioaaoe.
Ia aeaeue, inoaii? e?eueea ?ie?a /anoea athaeaeaoo o AAI ciaiooaaeany.
Ni?yiiaai?noue aei aea?aaoeyoe?? a aeiiii?oe?, yea ia ia? oa?aeoa?o
naeaeoeaiiai a?aeai?o, ne?ae aaaaeaoe iini?oiith, oiio ui oea ni?ey?
c?inoaiith ?icaaeainiaaiino? ? aee?eaeaiiyi a no?oeoo?? ie?aieo noa?
aeiiii?ee. I?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee aeiaaa?
?aoe?iiaeueiiai ii?aeiaiiy ae?? ea?iaaieo oeaio?ae?ciaaii ? ?eieiaeo
naii?aaoethth/eo i?ioean?a, noai?aiiy ni?eyoeeaeo aeiiii?/ieo oiia aeey
?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeoaa o oeo noa?ao, ye? aaeaioiaai? aei
eiieo?aioiiai na?aaeiaeua.
Na?aae eeth/iaeo iai?yie?a no?oeoo?ieo ia?aoai?aiue a aeiiii?oe?
–?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?y i?aei?e?inoa, iioei?caoe?y a?aeiinei aeaniino?,
i?iaaaeaiiy aaei?i?no?aoeaii? ?aoi?ie, oaeineiiaeaiiy eaae?iai?
iie?oeee.
C iaoith ae??oaiiy i?iaeaie aeoiaeo oe?a?inueei? aeiiii?ee c e?eciaiai
noaio ? ii/aoeo c?inoaiiy, ia?o ca ana, iaiao?aeii iiaeieaoe
iaocaiaeaeai?noue ie?aieo cania?a iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee. O oeueiio
ca`yceo iaea?eueo aaaeeeaei ia no/aniiio aoai? ? ae??oaiiy i?iaeaie
athaeaeaoii? iacaaeainiaaiino? ? aeanoaa?e?coth/i? ?ie? o?neaeueii?
iie?oeee.
Aeey iiiiaiaiiy aeio?aeii? /anoeie athaeaeaoo ne?ae aeoea?coaaoe
iioaioe?ae iai?yieo iiaeaoe?a. Ca?eueoaiiy ianya?a iaaeoiaeaeaiue a?ae
ieo aeanoue ciiao ciaioeoe oene c aieo i?yieo iiaeaoe?a.
O yeino? iaeiiai c iai?yie?a iioei?caoe?? ?nioth/i? no?oeoo?e iiaeaoe?a
ne?ae cai?iaaaeeoe aeeoa?aioe?eiaaio nenoaio ni?aaeyiiy iiaeaoeo ia
aeiaeaio aa?o?noue. Oi?o?eiaaia noaaea (20%) ia a?aoiao? a?aei?iiinoae o
niiaeeaaii? ??cieie aa?noaaie ianaeaiiy, ui i?ecaiaeeoue aei iaiiaiiai
aeei?enoaiiy iiaeeeainoae uiaei iiiaeaoeoaaiiy a?eueo aenieeo aeioiae?a.
Ia i?aeoaa?aeaeaiiy aeaii? oace a ?iaio? cae?eniaii ?ic?aooiie iiaeeeaeo
iaaeoiaeaeaiue a?ae IAeA a ?ac? cai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeainoaai/ii? noaie
ni?aaeyiiy oeueiai iiaeaoeo: a?eueo iecueei? noaaee (10%) ia oiaa?e oa
iineoae ia?oi? iaiao?aeiino? ? i?aeaeuaii? (40%) – ia oiaa?e c
iie?auaieie niiaeea/eie aeanoeainoyie (a?oia “?io?”).
I?e oeueiio a?aoiaaii ??cieoeth a ?iciiae?e? iioi/iiai aeioiaeo ia
i?eaeaaiiy ie?aieo a?oi oiaa??a ??cieie aa?noaaie ianaeaiiy – aei ?
i?ney ia?aaeyaeo noaaie, iiaeeea?noue nei?i/aiiy ia?ae?eo ca?eueiaieo
a?ae iiiaeaoeoaaiiy oiaa??a ia?oi? iaiao?aeiino? ? ca?eueoaiiy ianyao
niiaeeaaiiy inoaii?o caiiaeieie aa?noaaie. A?aoiaaii oaeiae ae?th aoaeoo
ci?ie na?aaeiuei? noeeueiino? aei niiaeeaaiiy o ei?ioeino?ieiaiio
ia??iae?.
?acoeueoaoe ?ic?aooieo na?ae/aoue, ui cai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo
noaaie IAeA caeaoia caaacia/eoe nooo?aa c?inoaiiy iaaeoiaeaeaiue aei
athaeaeaoo. ?o i?e??no a /anoei? niiaeea/eo oiaa??a neeaaea 1 ie?ae.a?i.
(6,7 – 5,7) aai 17,5%. E??i oiai, ae??aith?oueny aianie ie?aieo
aeio?aeieo a?oi niiaeeaa/?a aei athaeaeaoo, a ?iciiae?e iiaeaoeiaiai
oyaa?y nooo?ai ci?uo?oueny a noi?iio a?eueo caiiaeieo aa?noa ianaeaiiy.
Aeey ca?eueoaiiy ?aaeueieo aeioiae?a athaeaeaoo aeioe?eueii aaanoe
i?ia?aneaiee iiaeaoie ia ia?ooii?noue ? ?ioa iaeii, i?aeaeueoe o 1,5-2
?ace caaaeueiee ??aaiue noaaie aeoeeciiai cai?o, a oaeiae cia/ii
?icoe?eoe eiei i?aeaeoeecieo oiaa??a. Iio??aii iaiaaeoaaoe caeo/aiiy
a?eueieo a?ioiaeo ?ano?n?a eiia?oe?eieo aaie?a, i?aei?e?inoa ? ianaeaiiy
ia iie?eooy athaeaeaoiiai aeao?oeeoo.
Iaeiei ?c aieiaieo caaaeaiue ?aoi?ioaaiiy iiiaoa?ii? iie?oeee a Oe?a?i?
ne?ae aaaaeaoe aeiei??iiee ia?aaeyae ?? eiioeaioe?? ? canaae. Eaeaoueny,
ia?o ca ana, i?i aeinyaiaiiy ni?aaaeiuei?, a ia aeaeea?iaaii?
iacaeaaeiino? aieiaii? aaie?anueei? onoaiiae – IAO – oeyoii
aaeineiiaeaiiy a?aeiia?aeiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa ? caoaa?aeaeaiiy
Aea?aeaaii? i?ia?aie a?ioiai-e?aaeeoiiai ?aaoethaaiiy no?ieii ia 3-5
?ie?a, yea a aecia/aea iniiai? ia?aiao?e iiiaoa?iiai ?icaeoeo ? o/anoue
aieiaiiai aaieo e?a?ie o ae??oaii? caaea/ no?oeoo?ii? ia?aaoaeiae.
A i?aeoeoe? ?aaoethaaiiy iniiaieo iiiaoa?ieo iieaciee?a ne?ae
ia?ai???iooaaoeny ia iii??i? oaiie ?ioeyoe?? (20-40% ??/ieo ? iaa?oue
a?eueoa) ? i?iaaaeaiiy a?eueo aio/ei? iie?oeee, iaiaa?oth/e i?ae
?ioeyoe??th ? ae?iaieoeoaii. Oaeoeea ia? ia??iaee/ii ci?ithaaoeny:
ia??iaee ai?n?eiiai i?aeaeeaeaiiy aeiiii?ee iiaeii? ci?ithaaoeny
iaiaaeoaaeueieie caoiaeaie o a?ioia?e noa??, yeui aeeiai?ea oe?i ii/eia?
caa?iaeoaaoe c?inoaiith ?aaeueieo iieaciee?a. Iio??ai? oi/ii ni?yiiaai?
a?ioia? ?i’?eoe??, ye? ni?eyee a iiaeieaiith iaaea??eiaino? caaaeueiiai
noeioethaaiiy noeoiiiai iiieoo.
C iaoith i?aeaeuaiiy iieacieea iiiaoecaoe?? ?aeiiaiaeo?oueny
i???iooaaoeny ia cieaeaiiy ??aiy e?ea?aeiino? caaaeueiiai a?ioiaiai
aa?aaaoo I3. Aeey oeueiai i?e cae?eniaii? iiiaoa?ii? iie?oeee ne?ae
ni?eyoe cieaeaiith /anoee aio?aee o neeaae? a?ioiai? iane, noeioethaaoe
aacaio?aeia? ?ic?aooiee ? aeei?enoaiiy ianaeaiiyi /aeiaeo ?aooie?a ?
e?aaeeoieo ea?oie.
A ieai? oaeineiiaeaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eii? iie?oeee a Oe?a?i? iaiao?aeii
cai?iaaaeeoe ianooii? caoiaee: noai?eoe Aea?aeaaiee ?iaanoeoe?eiee aaie,
yeee, ia a?aei?io a?ae noai?aiiai Aaieo ?aeiino?oeoe?? oa ?icaeoeo,
aeoioethaaoeia ia athaeaeaoi? eiooe ? eiooe iicaathaeaeaoieo oiiae?a, a
anoaiiaeaio /anoeo ?aca?a?a eiia?oe?eieo aaie?a. Iaaeaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eieo
e?aaeeo?a iiaeiii cae?enithaaoeny ca ?acoeueoaoaie eiieo?n?a
?iaanoeoe?eieo i?iaeo?a. Iaiao?aeii i?aeaeueoe aio/e?noue aea?aeaaii?
aii?oecaoe?eii? iie?oeee oeyoii canoinoaaiiy ??cieo ?aaeei?a
aii?oecaoe?? a caeaaeiino? a?ae iniaeeainoae a?aeoai?aiiy eai?oaeo ?
cae?enieoe ?yae ?ioeo caoiae?a.
Aea, ia?o ca ana, c iaoith iiaeaaaeaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eiiai i?ioeano,
aeoiaeo c e?ece ? a?aeiiaeaiiy c?inoaiiy iaiao?aeii ia?aaoaeoaaoe
canaaee o?neaeueii? ? iiiaoa?ii? iie?oeee, i?ea?aoe o a?aeiia?aei?noue
aei iiaeeeainoae athaeaeaoo ianyae aea?aeaaiiai niiaeeaaiiy.
A i?ioean? cae?eniaiiy caoiae?a iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee aaeeea
cia/aiiy ia? ye?nia caaacia/aiiy aoaio iaa?oiooaaiiy e aiae?co
oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue. A ?iaio? cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaeeeo ioe?iee ??aiy ?
aeeiai?ee iniiaieo iae?iiieaciee?a, yea a?oioo?oueny ia aaeineiiaeai?e
iiaeae? “noeoiiee iiieo–noeoiia i?iiiceoe?y” (AS-AD). Oeae aa??aio
iiaeae? a?eueo oi/ii iieno? i?ioeane, ui a?aeaoaathoueny a ?aaeuei?e
aeiiii?oe?, ine?eueee a iueiio iiynith?oueny aieea ??cieo cania?a
iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee ia aeanoe/i?noue noeoiiiai iiieoo ? noeoiii?
i?iiiceoe??.
Cacia/aia iaoiaeeea i?noeoue ianooii? iieiaeaiiy:
· noeoiiee iiieo ? noeoiia i?iiiceoe?y ? iae?i?eieie caeaaeiinoyie, ui
coiiaeaii ??ciith ?o aeanoe/i?noth a ??cieo oiiaao;
· i?ioeane, ui a?aeaoaathoueny ia oiaa?iiio ? a?ioiaiio ?eieao, aei?noei
iia`ycai? i?ae niaith. Oea i?aeoaa?aeaeo? eia?ea ia?aeaeueiiai ?icaeyaeo
iiaeaeae AS-AD i Dm-Sm;
· c?inoaiiy ?aaeueiiai AAI ca a?aenooiino? ca?eueoaiiy iane a?ioae a
ia?ao iiaeeeaa eeoa ca oiia noae?iaoe?eiiai ?icoe?aiiy noeoiiiai iiieoo
(aeea. ieae/a).
A?ia?aie?/ia oi?ia e?eaeo aaeineiiaeaii? aa?n?? iiaeae? AD-AS coiiaeaia,
ii-ia?oa, aieeaii oaeaeeino? iaa?oaiiy a?ioae ia oi?io a?ao?ea noeoiiiai
iiieoo, ii-ae?oaa, iaiao?aei?noth a?aooaaiiy iiaeeeai? ci?ie
aeanoe/iino? noeoiii? i?iiiceoe??.
Oaeee i?aeo?ae aeicaiey? ?iciaaeoaaoe aieea iiae?e, ui aeeeeeathoue
ci?io no?oeoo?e a?ioiai? iane, ia noeoiiee iiieo oa eiai aeanoe/i?noue.
I?aaie ?aaoethaaiiy a?ioiaiai ia?ao iiaeii? ni?eyoe i?aeaeuaiith
aeanoe/iino? noeoiiiai iiieoo, ?aaoethth/e no?oeoo?o a?ioiaeo aa?aaao?a.
Ia?oueny ia oaac? oie oaeo, ui aeanoe/i?noue noeoiiiai iiieoo caeaaeeoue
a?ae ni?aa?aeiioaiiy a?eueo ? iaio e?ea?aeieo eiiiiiaio?a o neeaae?
aa?aaaoo I3. Cieaeaiiy ??aiy eiai e?ea?aeiino? ?iaeoue iaio iaaacia/iei
(c oi/ee ci?o oe?iiaiai c?inoaiiy) ?aaaoaaiiy aeiiii?ee ia iiaeeea?
ciai?oi? “oiee”.
Caaaeaiiyi iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee ne?ae aaaaeaoe i?iaaaeaiiy
caoiae?a, ye? a ni?eyee i?ieiiaaoe?? eaein?ainueei? ae?eyiee e?eai?
noeoiii? i?iiiceoe?? ca ?aooiie i?ii?aeii?. Aaaaeaiiy a iiaeaeue
ia?aiao?a, yeee a?aeiia?aea? ca oe?iiao aeanoe/i?noue noeoiii?
i?iiiceoe??, aeicaiey? ?iciaaeoaaoe caniae aeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee ca ?o
aieeaii ia oa?aeoa? c?inoaiiy AAI.
Cai?iiiiiaaia iiaeaeue iiaea aooe aeei?enoaia i?e cae?eniaii?
?ic?aooie?a aaaeeeaeo iieaciee?a, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue aeiiii?/io
neooaoe?th (aeanoe/i?noue noeoiieo iiieoo ? i?iiiceoe??, oaeaee?noue
ia?ao a?ioae, ??aaiue oe?i oiui). ?acii c oei ?yae iieiaeaiue iiaeae?
aeiaaathoue iiaeaeueoiai aea/aiiy ? aaeineiiaeaiiy.
Noiniaii ia?aeaeueiiai ?icaeyaeo iiaeaeae AS-AD i Dm-Sm iiaeia
noaa?aeaeoaaoe, ui eiee a aeiiii?oe? c?inoa? ?aoean?eiee ?ic?ea, c?inoa?
oaeiae ?aaeueia noaaea a?aenioeo. A eiee a?io? iaaeeaeathoueny aei
e?ea?aeii? ianoee, ia ?eieo oiaa??a oa iineoa iaieio/a a?aeaoaa?oueny
c?inoaiiy oe?i.
Cai?iiiiiaaia noaia ia?aaeaa/a? iino?eia a?aooaaiiy oe?iiaiai oaeoi?a,
ui ?icoe?th? ?aiee aeine?aeaeoaaieo a?ae??ce?a /ano ca iaae?
ei?ioeino?ieiaeo ?, e??i oiai, aeicaiey? niinoa??aaoe aeeiai?eo
?aaeueii? ? iii?iaeueii? noaaie a?aenioeo. Ia?aeaeueiee ?icaeyae
cacia/aieo iiaeaeae o ii?aeiaii? ?c iae?i?ei?noth ?o ooieoe?e aea?
iiaeeea?noue a) ?aeaioeo?eoaaoe aieea caoiae?a iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee
ie?aii ia ianya oaeoe/iiai AAI ? eiai iioaioe?eio aaee/eio; a) iiynieoe
iaoai?ci ci?iaiiy noaaee a?aenioeo (r).
A ?iaio? ?icaeyiooi oaeiae iaei aeine?aeaeaio noi?iio cai?iaaaeaeaiiy o
iae?iaiae?c? iiaeae? noeoiiiai iiieoo (AD), ui noino?oueny ?ica?aeiinoae
eeane/ii? ? eaein?ainueei? oe?e a ?o ioe?ioe? iane?aee?a c?inoaiiy
noaaee a?aenioeo ? ae?? aoaeoo aeo?niaiiy.
Iaaio yni?noue o oe?e neooaoe?? aiineoue i?iiiceoe?y, yeo oiiaii iiaeia
iacaaoe noae?iaoe??th iiieoo. Aiia aea? iiaeeea?noue ca iaaieo oiia
?icaeyaeaoe ??ci? cia/aiiy ianyao noeoiiiai iiieoo i?e iaci?ii?e
a?ioia?e i?iiiceoe??.
O aeiaaeeo o?ainoi?iaoe?? aeiiii?/ieo nenoai ? ?ioeo iie?oe/ieo
iio?yn?iue niinoa??aathoueny ia??iaee o?eaaei? ae?? ca?eueoaieo noaaie
a?aenioeo ? ?iciianthaeaeaiiy a?ioiaeo cai?iiee?a. I?e oeueiio
neeaaeathoueny ni?eyoeea? oiiae aeey ?icaeoeo noae?iaoe?eieo i?ioean?a.
AENIIAEE
Na?aae aieiaieo i?iaeai, ye? aea/a? oai??y iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee –
noia?a/eea?noue ie?aieo iinoaaeaieo oe?eae, iecueea aoaeoeai?noue ?
iaocaiaeaeai?noue cania?a iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee, ?o aioo??oiy
noia?a/eea?noue ? iaaecia/ai?noue aieeao ia oe?eueia? iieacieee.
I?iaaaeaiiy caoiae?a o?neaeueii? iie?oeee o iao?e e?a?i? cae?enith?
aeanoaa?e?coth/ee aieea ia aeiiii?eo, a ia ni?ey? ?icaeoeo. Aieiaiith
i?e/eiith ianoaa?eueiino? ? iecueei? aoaeoeaiino? iae?iaeiiii?/ii?
iie?oeee ? athaeaeaoia iacaaeainiaai?noue.
Ia`?eoeaii i?iaeaia aeioiae?a athaeaeaoo coiiaeaia iaaeineiiaeith
iiaeaoeiaith nenoaiith, ?? iaaio/e?noth. Ni?iae o?yaeo ae??oeoe i?iaeaio
ia?aaeuaiiy aeaeaoe?a iaae aeio?aeiith /anoeiith a ia?niaeoea?
noai?thaaee oiiae, ui eeoa ?ai?iaeoeoaaee oeth i?iaeaio.
Iiiaoa?io iie?oeeo ae?oai? iieiaeie 90-o ?ie?a iiaeia oa?aeoa?ecoaaoe ye
noia?a/eeao ? iaiine?aeiaio. *a?ac aeiiae o?yaeo o?iainoaaoe i?eaeaaiiy
iae?aaoe?e aioo??oiuei? aea?aeaaii? iiceee, a oaeiae aeiiae IAO ye
no??/i? oiiae iaaeaiiy /a?aiaeo iicee ?aae?co?oueny aieea athaeaeaoii?
iacaaeainiaaiino? ia iiiaoa?i? caniae. Oea oiaiiaeeeaeth? i?iaaaeaiiy
aoaeoeaii? iiiaoa?ii? iie?oeee ? aenooia? ye aeaiaio iaocaiaeaeaiino?
??cieo ?? cania?a.
A?aenooi?noue iaa?iiaaeaeaiiy iniiaiiai eai?oaeo oa iaaaoeai?
oaiaeaioe?? no?oeoo?ieo ia?aoai?aiue a aeiiii?oe? Oe?a?ie – oea
na?ae/aiiy iaaeinoaoiuei? caaaeaiino? ?iaanoeoe?eii? oa no?oeoo?ii?
iie?oeee ia?ao?aeiiai ia??iaeo. Aiia oaeoe/ii a?aenooiy. I?iaaaeaiiy
o?neaeueii? ? iiiaoa?ii? iie?oeee noai?th? ae?ae iani?eyoeea? oiiae
aeey iaa?iiaaeaeaiiy eai?oaeo. ?iaanoeoe?eiee i?ioean ? iio?aeiei a?ae
noaio o o?neaeuei?e oa a?ioia?e noa?ao ? a?aeiia?aeii? iie?oeee.
Cia/ia /anoeia i?iaeai cae?eniaiiy iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee iia`ycaia c
oiiaaie, a yeeo aiia i?iaiaeeoueny, a naia c o?ainoi?iaoe?eiei noaiii
a?o/eciyii? aeiiii?ee, ianoaa?euei?noth i?ioean?a, ui a i?e
a?aeaoaathoueny. Oea ? ia`?eoeaiei /eiieeii iecueei? aoaeoeaiino?
caoiae?a iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee. Oiio oe?eeii i/aaeaeiith ?
iaiao?aei?noue aaeaeaaoiiai aeeaei? iei?oiuei? e?ece i?aeaeuaiiy
ianooaa?a ? nooiaiy aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy. Oea iaiao?aeii aeey
iiaeieaiiy no?oeoo?ii? iaaeineiiaeino? a?o/eciyii? aeiiii?ee, yea
coiiaeth? ?? iecueeo ni?eeiyoeea?noue aei noeioethth/eo caoiae?a
iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee ? aeiaaa? i?enei?aiiy no?oeoo?ii? ia?aaoaeiae.
C iaoith ae??oaiiy i?iaeaie aeoiaeo oe?a?inueei? aeiiii?ee c e?eciaiai
noaio ? ii/aoeo c?inoaiiy, ia?o ca ana, iaiao?aeii iiaeieaoe
iaocaiaeaeai?noue ie?aieo cania?a iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee. Na?aae
ia?oi/a?aiaeo caaaeaiue ?aoi?ioaaiiy o?neaeueii? noa?e ? i?aeaeuaiiy
aoaeoeaiino? iiaeaoeiai? nenoaie. Aeey iiiiaiaiiy aeio?aeii? /anoeie
athaeaeaoo ne?ae aeoea?coaaoe iioaioe?ae iai?yieo iiaeaoe?a. O yeino?
iaeiiai c iai?yie?a iioei?caoe?? ?nioth/i? no?oeoo?e iiaeaoe?a ne?ae
cai?iaaaeeoe aeeoa?aioe?eiaaio nenoaio ni?aaeyiiy iiaeaoeo ia aeiaeaio
aa?o?noue.
Iaeiei ?c aieiaieo caaaeaiue ?aoi?ioaaiiy iiiaoa?ii? iie?oeee a Oe?a?i?
ne?ae aaaaeaoe aeinyaiaiiy ni?aaaeiuei? iacaeaaeiino? IAO oa
ia?ai???ioaoe?th c iecueeeo ia iii??i? oaiie ?ioeyoe??.
C iaoith iiaeaaaeaiiy ?iaanoeoe?eiiai i?ioeano iaiao?aeii ia?aaoaeoaaoe
canaaee o?neaeueii? ? iiiaoa?ii? iie?oeee, i?ea?aoe o a?aeiia?aei?noue
aei iiaeeeainoae athaeaeaoo ianyae aea?aeaaiiai niiaeeaaiiy, ine?eueee
iacaaeainiaai?noue athaeaeaoo aeieo? i?iaaaeaiiy aoaeoeaii? iiiaoa?ii?
oa ?iaanoeoe?eii? iie?oeee, cina?aaeaeoth/e cia/io /anoeio e?aaeeoieo
?ano?n?a ia ?eieo ianeoaiaoaaiiy aea?aeaaiiai ai?ao ? i?eai?/oth/e
?iaanoeoe?eiee i?ioean.
Iaaeie?ee ?nioth/i? aiae?oe/ii? aace iae?iaeine?aeaeaiue cana?ae/othoue
?? iaaeineiiae?noue ? iaiao?aei?noue iiaeaeueoi? ?ic?iaee ?
aaeineiiaeaiiy. Cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaeeeo ioe?iee ??aiy ? aeeiai?ee
iniiaieo iae?iiieaciee?a, ui ?icoe?th? aiae?oe/io aaco aeey
niinoa?aaeaiue ??ciiiai?oieo neooaoe?e a aeiiii?oe?.
Canoinoaaiiy i?iiiiiaaieo i?aeoiae?a ni?eyoeia i?aeaeuaiith yeino?
i?eeiyooy ??oaiue a aaeoc? iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee.
NIENIE IIOAE?EIAAIEO I?AOeUe
1. Noa?a canoinoaaiiy ? iaiaaeaiiy iiaeae? IS-LM a iae?iaeiiii?/iiio
aiae?c? // I?iaeaie oi?ioaaiiy ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee: I?aea?aeii/ee
iaoeiaee ca??iee. Aei. 5. – Ee?a: EIAO. – 1997. – N. 85-95.
2. Caaacia/aiiy no?eeino? a?eai? // Aaie?anueea ni?aaa. – 1997. – ?6. –
N. 58–61.
3. Iniaeeaino? canoinoaaiiy iae?iiiaeaeae o i?ioean? aiae?co a?ioiai?
iie?oeee // A?niee Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aaieo Oe?a?ie. – 1998. – ?6. – N.
8–10.
4. Noae?iaoe?y iiieoo // A?niee Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aaieo Oe?a?ie. – 1998.
– ?11. – N. 11–13.
5. Aoaeoeai?noue aeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee a oiiaao ia?ao?aeii? aeiiii?ee //
O?neaeueia oa iiiaoa?ia iie?oeea a Oe?a?i?: Iaoa??aee Anaoe?a?inueei?
eiioa?aioe?? “Aeiiii?/i? ?aoi?ie a Oe?a?i?: iiceoe?y iieiae?”. – Ee?a:
Iaoe?iiaeueiee aaie Oe?a?ie, Iaoe?iiaeueiee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? Oa?ana
Oaa/aiea, I?aeia?iaeiee oeaio? ia?niaeoeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue. – 1998. –
N. 61–73.
AIIOAOe?ss
Eoeueaa/iee N.A. Iae?iaeiiii?/ia iie?oeea a Oe?a?i?: aiae?c oa oeyoe
aaeineiiaeaiiy. – ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.02.03 – i?aai?caoe?y oi?aae?iiy, ieaioaaiiy ?
?aaoethaaiiy aeiiii?eith. -Ee?anueeee iaoe?iiaeueiee aeiiii?/iee
oi?aa?neoao, Ee?a, 1999.
Aeena?oaoe?th i?enay/aii aeine?aeaeaiith i?iaeai iae?iaeiiii?/ii?
iie?oeee ? iiooeo oeyo?a i?aeaeuaiiy ?? aoaeoeaiino?. Cia/ia oaaaa
i?eae?ey?oueny ?ic?iaoe? iai?yie?a aaeineiiaeaiiy aiae?oe/ii? aace
iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee. Anoaiiaeaii, ui aieiaieie /eiieeaie, ye?
coiiaeththoue iecueeo aoaeoeai?noue iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee, ?
ia?icaeioo?noue ?eieiaeo ?inoeooo?a ? no?oeoo?ia iaaeineiiae?noue
a?o/eciyii? aeiiii?ee, a?aenooi?noue ocaiaeaeaiiy ? aioo??oiy
noia?a/eea?noue ?ino?oiaio?a iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee.
?yae a?aeiieo iae?iiiaeaeae i?aeaeaii aiae?co. Iieacaii, ui iaaei??ia
ni?iuaiiy o ?o canoinoaaii? a aeiiii?/iiio aiae?c? caeaoia i?ecaanoe aei
iaaaeaeaaoiiai a?aeia?aaeaiiy ieie noaio ni?aa a aeiiii?oe?.
Cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaeeeo ioe?iee ??aiy ? aeeiai?ee iniiaieo
iae?iiieaciee?a, yea ?icoe?th? aiae?oe/io aaco aeey niinoa?aaeaiue
??ciiiai?oieo neooaoe?e a aeiiii?oe?.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: iae?iaeiiii?/ia iie?oeea, o?neaeueia iie?oeea, iiiaoa?ia
iie?oeea, ?iaanoeoe?eia iie?oeea, aoaeoeai?noue iae?iaeiiii?/ii?
iie?oeee, ?ino?oiaioe iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee, iae?iaeiiii?/i?
iiaeae?, aiae?oe/ia aaca iae?iaeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee.
AIIIOAOeEss
Eoeueaa/iue N.A. Iae?iyeiiiie/aneay iieeoeea a Oe?aeia: aiaeec e iooe
oniaa?oainoaiaaiey. – ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea iao/iie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa yeiiiie/aneeo
iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.02.03 – i?aaiecaoeey oi?aaeaiey, ieaie?iaaiey
e ?aaoee?iaaiey aeiiiieeie. – Eeaaneee iaoeeiiaeueiue yeiiiie/aneee
oieaa?neoao, Eeaa, 1999.
Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia i?iaeaiai iae?iyeiiiie/aneie iieeoeee e iieneo
iooae iiauoaiey a? yooaeoeaiinoe. Aeooaeueiinoue aua?aiiie oaiu
iaoneiaeaia iaiaoiaeeiinoueth i?aaeeueiiai ii?aaeaeaiey i?ei?eoaoia e
iai?aaeaiee oniaa?oainoaiaaiey oaeouae yeiiiie/aneie iieeoeee.
?anniao?eaathony o?aaeeoeeiiiua i?iaeaiu iae?iyeiiiie/aneie iieeoeee. A
/anoiinoe, i?iaeaia ianiaeaniaaiiinoe ioaeaeueiuo a? eino?oiaioia, eo
aioo?aiiea i?ioeai?a/ey e iaiineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue a i?eiaiaiee.
Aeaoaeueii aiaeece?othony eino?oiaiou oeneaeueiie, aeaiaaeii-e?aaeeoiie
e eiaanoeoeeiiiie iieeoeee. Cia/eoaeueiia aieiaiea oaeaeyaony ?ac?aaioea
iai?aaeaiee oniaa?oainoaiaaiey aiaeeoe/aneie aacu iae?iyeiiiie/aneie
iieeoeee.
Onoaiiaeaii, /oi nouanoaothuaa iaoiaeieiae/aneia iaania/aiea
aiaeeoe/aneie ?aaiou e aiia?ao iae?iiiaeaeae a ?yaea neo/aaa
aeaiiino?e?otho naith iai?eaiaeiinoue aeey i?eiaiaiey a oneiaeyo
o?ainoi?iaoeeiiiuo nenoai. Ia?aie/aiiinoue i?eiaiaiey oeacaiiuo iiaeaeae
iaoneiaeaia oai, /oi a iniiaa eo iino?iaiey eaaeeo iinueea i
iaeciaiiinoe oeai a e?aoein?i/iii ia?eiaea, /oi ia anaaaea ni?aaaaeeeai
a oneiaeyo ia?aoiaeiie yeiiiieee. E?iia oiai, a ieo iaaeinoaoi/ii /?oei
?aca?aie/eaaaony aeeyiea ?acee/iuo n?aaenoa iae?iyeiiiie/aneie iieeoeee
e aiaoieo aicaeaenoaee ia iiaaaeaiea yeiiiie/aneie nenoaiu.
A ?aaioa iieacaii, /oi ia?acaeoinoue ?uii/iuo einoeoooia e no?oeoo?iia
ianiaa?oainoai ia?aoiaeiie oe?aeineie yeiiiieee iaoneiaeeaatho ieceoth
yooaeoeaiinoue iae?iyeiiiie/aneie iieeoeee. Iainiiauaaaony
iaiaoiaeeiinoue oneeaiey aiaoaoaeuenoaa ainoaea?noaa a yeiiiie/aneea
i?ioeannu n oeaeueth iiauoaiey a? yooaeoeaiinoe.
Ooaa?aeaeaaony, /oi aeey auoiaea oe?aeineie yeiiiieee ec e?eceniiai
ninoiyiey e ia/aea ?inoa iaiaoiaeeii i?aiaeieaoue ianiaeaniaaiiinoue e
aioo?aiiea i?ioeai?a/ey eino?oiaioia iae?iyeiiiie/aneie iieeoeee. A
/anoiinoe, aeanoaaeeece?othuaa aicaeaenoaea ia yeiiiieeo ieacuaaao
i?iaaaeaiea ia? oeneaeueiie iieeoeee, /oi iaoneiaeaii ieceie
yooaeoeaiinoueth iaeiaiaie nenoaiu, a? iaaeaeinoueth, iaaeinoaoi/iie
iainiiaaiiinoueth ?anoiaeia athaeaeaoa.
Iiiuoee i?aaeoaeuenoaa ?aoeoue i?iaeaio i?aauoaiey ?anoiaeia iaae
aeioiaeiie /anoueth a ia?niaeoeaa nicaeaaaee oneiaey, eioi?ua eeoue
?ai?iaeooee?iaaee yoo i?iaeaio. Neacaiiia naeaeaoaeuenoaoao ia
ionoonoaee aioo?aiiae eiaeee athaeaeaoiiai i?ioeanna, ia ioe?uoii
oa?aeoa?a iaeiieaiey a i?i iaaaoeaiuo oaiaeaioeee.
Eae ioia/aaony a ?aaioa, ianaaeaine?iaaiiinoue athaeaeaoa aeiee?oao
i?iaaaeaiea yooaeoeaiie iiiaoa?iie e eiaanoeoeeiiiie iieeoeee,
nin?aaeioa/eaay cia/eoaeueioth /anoue e?aaeeoiuo ?ano?nia ia ?uiea
ianeoaeeaaiey ainoaea?noaaiiiai aeieaa. Aeaiiia ianoiyoaeuenoai
iaoneaaeeaaao i?ioeai?a/eainoue e iaiineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue inouanoaeaiey
ia? iiiaoa?iiai ?aaoee?iaaiey, aeaeaao iaaiciiaeiui i?iaaaeaiea
eiaanoeoeeiiiie iieeoeee. Iaeiie ec i?e/ei oaeiai iieiaeaiey yaeyaony
cia/eoaeueiay caaeneiinoue oeaio?aeueiiai aaiea no?aiu io
i?aaeoaeuenoaa, iaaiciiaeiinoue i?iaaaeaiey ei naiinoiyoaeueiie
iieeoeee.
N oeaeueth iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe oeneaeueiie iieeoeee ?aeiiaiaeoaony
aeoeaece?iaaoue iioaioeeae iai?yiuo iaeiaia. A /anoiinoe, i?aaeeaaaaony
aaaaeaiea aeeooa?aioee?iaaiiie nenoaiu aceiaiey iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth
noieiinoue a /anoe iio?aaeoaeueneeo oiaa?ia. I?eaaae?i ?an/?o
aiciiaeiiai yooaeoa io oaeeo ia?, iiae/??eiooa eo nioeeaeueiay
cia/eiinoue.
Iaeiei ec iniiaiuo iai?aaeaiee ?aoi?ie?iaaiey iiiaoa?iie iieeoeee
i?aaeeaaaaony n/eoaoue aeinoeaeaiea ?aaeueiie iacaaeneiinoe
Iaoeeiiaeueiiai aaiea Oe?aeiu e ia?aniio? eiioeaioeee iiiaoa?iiai
?aaoee?iaaiey. N oeaeueth iiauoaiey iieacaoaey iiiaoecaoeee AAI
?aeiiaiaeoaony nieaeaoue o?iaaiue eeeaeaeiinoe aeaiaaeiuo aa?aaaoia.
Naeaeai ?yae i?aaeeiaeaiee a noa?a eiaanoeoeeiiiie iieeoeee.
Ooaa?aeaeaaony, /oi eeth/aaui oneiaeai iaeeaeaiey eiaanoeoeeiiiiai
i?ioeanna yaeyaony ia?aniio? iniia oeneaeueiie e iiiaoa?iie iieeoeee,
i?eaaaeaiea iau?iia ainoaea?noaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey a niioaaonoaea n
aiciiaeiinoyie athaeaeaoa.
I?iaiaeece?iaai ?yae ecaanoiuo iae?iyeiiiie/aneeo iiaeaeae. Iieacaii,
/oi /?acia?iia oi?iuaiea a eo i?eiaiaiee niiniaii i?eaanoe e
iaaaeaeaaoiiio ioia?aaeaieth eie ninoiyiey aeae a yeiiiieea.
I?aaeeiaeaia iaoiaeeea ioeaiee o?iaiy e aeeiaieee iniiaiuo
iae?iiieacaoaeae, eioi?ay ?anoe?yao aiaeeoe/aneoth aaco
iae?iyeiiiie/aneeo enneaaeiaaiee. A iniiaa a? eaaeeo oniaa?oainoaiaaiiay
iiaeaeue “niaieoiiue ni?in – niaieoiiia i?aaeeiaeaiea” n aeia?aiee/aneie
oi?iie e?eauo, /oi iicaieyao aieaa oi/ii eaeaioeoeoee?iaaoue aeeyiea ia?
iae?iyeiiiie/aneie iieeoeee e eieaaaiee aeaeiaie aeoeaiinoe ia
aaaeiaeoea iieacaoaee yeiiiie/aneiai ?acaeoey. A ii?aaeae?iiie noaiaie
iaoiaeeea iicaieyao ?ac?aoeoue i?ioeai?a/ea aeaoo iniiaiuo oai?aoe/aneeo
oeie – eaeineaineie e iiiaoa?enoneie – a eo ioeaiea iineaaenoaee ?inoa
noaaee i?ioeaioa e aeaenoaey yooaeoa auoaniaiey.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: iae?iyeiiiie/aneay iieeoeea, oeneaeueiay iieeoeea,
iiiaoa?iay iieeoeea, eiaanoeoeeiiiay iieeoeea, yooaeoeaiinoue
iae?iyeiiiie/aneie iieeoeee, eino?oiaiou iae?iyeiiiie/aneie iieeoeee,
iae?iyeiiiie/aneea iiaeaee, aiaeeoe/aneay aaca iae?iyeiiiie/aneie
iieeoeee.
SUMMARY
Kulbachny S. V. Macroconomic policy(politics) in Ukraine: the analysis
and ways of improvement. The manuscript.
The dissertation on purchase of a scientific degree of the candidate of
economic sciences on a speciality 08.02.03. – Organization of
management, planning and regulation of economy. Kiev national economic
university, Kiyv, 1999.
The dissertation is devoted to problems of macroeconomic
policy(politics) and search of ways of increase of its(her) efficiency.
The significant attention is given to development of directions of
improvement of analytic base of the macroeconomic analysis and process
of acceptance of the decisions in the field of macroeconomic
policy(politics).
Is established, that bad development of market institutes and structural
lacks of domestic economy, absence of communication(connection) and the
internal contradictions of tools of macroeconomic policy(politics) cause
its(her) low efficiency.
A number(line) of known macroeconomic models subject to the analysis. Is
shown, that the excessive simplification in their application is capable
to result(bring) in inadequate display by them condition of businesses
in economy. The technique of an estimation of a level and dynamics
(changes) of the basic macroparameters is offered which expands
analytical base of macroeconomic researches.
Key words: macroeconomic policy(politics), budget policy(politics),
money policy(politics), investment policy(politics), efficiency of
macroeconomic policy(politics), tools of macroeconomic policy(politics),
macroeconomic models, technique of the macroeconomic analysis
(methodical base of macroeconomic researches).
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