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IAOe?IIAEUeIA A??IE*A AEAAeAI?ss OE?A?IE

?IAAEUeNUeEEE A?II?NEAA NOAI?NEAAIAE*

OAeE 621.3.001.311.086:622.23.02.3

IAOIAeE ?IC?AOOIEO AEAEO?INIIAEEAAIIss ? EIIIAINOTH*EO ONOAIIAIE OA
NENOAI OI?AAE?IIss IEIE (IA I?IIENEIAEO I?AeI?E?INOAAO, AEETH*ATH*E
IA?OAeI? EA?”??E)

Niaoe?aeuei?noue: 05.09.03 – “Aeaeo?ioaoi?/i? eiiieaene oa nenoaie”

AAOI?AOA?AO

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

aeieoi?a oaoi?/ieo iaoe

Aei?i?iiao?ianuee – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia ia eaoaae?? oai?aoe/ieo iniia aeaeo?ioaoi?ee ?
aeaeo?iiinoa/aiiy A?iieoeueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo
I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie.

Iaoeiaee eiinoeueoaio – aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, caneoaeaiee
ae?y/ iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie I?aoiai?e A?oo? Aai?ai?iiae/, caa?aeoaa/
eaoaae?e aeaeo?iiinoa/aiiy IOOO “EI?”, aee?aeoi? ?inoeoooo
aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy i?e IOOO “EI?”

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaoe – aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? AEo?ao?anueeee
Aiaoie?e Aaeaioeiiae/, i?ioani? eaoaae?e aeaeo?e/ieo nenoai ?
ia?aaeAea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo “Euea?anueea iie?oaoi?ea”;

aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe ?acoiiee TH??e Oeiio?eiae/, ia/aeueiee oaoi?/iiai
a?aeae?eo AAO “?inoeooo “Aei?i?iae?i?ioaoo” I?iaoaeai?iio Oe?a?ie;

aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? ?iaeuee?i Aeieo?i Eineiiae/, i?ioani?
eaoaae?e aaoiiaoecaoe?? ae?iaie/eo i?ioean?a oa ?ic?iaee
E?aiai/ooeueeiai aea?aeaaiiai iie?oaoi?/iiai ?inoeoooo.

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa – ?inoeooo aeaeo?iaeeiai?ee IAI Oe?a?ie, a?aeae?e
iioei?caoe?? ia?aae ? nenoai, i. Ee?a

Caoeno aeena?oaoe?? a?aeaoaeaoueny 11 ethoiai 2000 ? i 10-00 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 08.080.07 i?e Iaoe?iiaeuei?e
a??ie/?e aeaaeai?? Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 49027, i. Aei?i?iiao?ianuee,
i?. Ea?ea Ia?ena, 19

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? Iaoe?iiaeueii?
a??ie/i? aeaaeai?? Oe?a?ie

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee 29 a?oaeiy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 08.080.07
A.O.Ca?ea

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue i?iaeaie. I?iaeaia i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy aeooaeueia aeey an?o e?a?i, aaeocae ? ie?aieo
i?aei?e?inoa oi/a a oiio, ui ciaioaiiy aia?ai?iiino? i?iaeoeoe??
aeicaiey? cieaeoaaoe ?? nia?aa?o?noue ? i?aeaeuoaaoe
eiieo?aioiicaeaoi?noue. Aeooaeuei?noue i?iaeaie aecia/a?oueny aaee/eiith
aia?ai?iiino? i?iaeoeoe??. A??ie/? aaeoc? a?aeiinyoueny aei iaeieo c
aia?ai?iieo (ia aeaeiaooie, caaaa/aiiy ? ia?a?iaeo ei?enieo eiiaeei
aeo?a/a?oueny a?ey 20 % an??? ae?iaeaii? a e?a?i? aeaeo?iaia?a??).
Aeooaeuei?noue i?iaeaie iineeth?oueny a e?a?iao c iaiaaeaieie
aia?ai?ano?naie, ? noa? iaaecae/aeii aeooaeueiith a oiiaao e?eciaiai
noaio aeiiii?ee, eiee a?aenooiy aeueoa?iaoeaa aeaeo?icaa?aaeaiith.

Ia a??ie/eo i?aei?e?inoaao (ia?oaeieo ea?’??ao) i?aeoe/ii ia
aeei?enoiao?oueny oaeee aaaeeeaee iai?yiie aeaeo?icaa?aaeaiiy, ye
ii?ioaaiiy aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy. Aeey ii?ioaaiiy aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ?
aecia/aiiy aeaeo?e/ieo iaaaioaaeaiue aeei?enoiaothoueny eiao?oe??ioi?
iaoiaee aac a?aooaaiiy ?o a??ia?aeii? i?e?iaee. ?icoiaeaeaiiy i?ae
oaeoe/ieie ? ii?iaoeaieie aeo?aoaie ? iaaaioaaeaiiyie aeinyaathoue 100 %
? a?eueoa. A?aenooi? nenoaie iae?eo ? eiio?ieth aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy
iniiaieo ea?’??ieo aeaeo?ii?eeia/?a – aeneaaaoi??a ? ao?iaeo noaie?a ?
?o i?e?aeiaiiy aei aaoiiaoeciaaieo nenoai iae?eo ? eiio?ieth
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy.

A??ie/? ?iaioe aei oaia??oiueiai /ano i?iaiaeyoueny a oiiaao
iaaeinoaoiuei? ?ioi?iaoe?? i?i oaoiieia?/i? aeanoeaino? a??ie/eo ii??ae,
ui oneeaaeith? ii?ioaaiiy ? ieaioaaiiy o?oaeiaeo, iaoa??aeueieo ?
aia?aaoe/ieo ?ano?n?a ? caoiae?a ii aeaeo?i- ? ?ano?nicaa?aaeaiith.
I?e/eia oaeiai noaio SYMBOL 190 \f “Symbol” \s 14 3/4 o a?aenooiino?
aeineiiaeeo oaoi?/ieo cania?a aaoiiaoe/iiai aei??thaaiiy ao?eiino? ?
aeneaaaoe?? a??ie/eo ii??ae a oaii? i?ioeano.

A aeaeo?e/ieo ia?aaeao AN (aia?ainenoai) ? niiaeeaa/?a iathoue i?noea
i?aeaeuai? ao?aoe aeaeo?iaia?a?? (a 1,5 – 2 ?ace ii??aiyii c e?a?iaie
Caoiaeo), ye? coiiaeai? iaaeinoaoi?i ??aiai E?I (eiiiainaoe?? ?aaeoeaii?
iiooaeiino?), ia??aiii??i?noth aeiaiaeo a?ao?e?a iaaaioaaeaiue,
a?aenooi?noth cania?a iioeiaeueiiai (ca oiiaith i?i?ioio ao?ao)
oi?aae?iiy eiiiainoth/eie onoaiiaeaie ? aeaeo?e/iei iaaaioaaeaiiyi, a
oaeiae aoaeoeaii? nenoaie aca?ii?ic?aooie?a ca E?I i?ae AN ?
niiaeeaa/aie aeaeo?iaia?a??.

I?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a aeaeo?e/ieo ia?aaeao AN ?
aeaeo?ioaoi?/ieo eiiieaenao (AOE) i?aei?e?inoa aeiaaa? a?aeiia?aeiiai
ae??oaiiy cacia/aieo aeua i?iaeai.

Iaoith aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ? i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
aeaeo?i-niiaeeaaiiy a aeaeo?ioaoi?/ieo eiiieaenao i?aei?e?inoa,
aeeth/ath/e ia?o?i? ea?’??e.

Iinoaaeaia iaoa aeinyaa?oueny ?ica’ycaiiyi ianooiieo iaoeiaeo caaea/:

1. I?iaaaeaiiy aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue c iaoith aeyaeaiiy
caeiiii??iinoae aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ? oi?ioaaiiy ianeao aeaiieo a oiiaao
ia?oaeieo ea?’???a, ?ic?iaea iniiaieo iai?yie?a ? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e
i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy, e?eoa???a aeiiii?/ii?
aeioe?eueiino? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?o o ae?iaieoeoai ? no?oeoo?e nenoaie
oi?aae?iiy iei.

2. ?ic?iaea iiaeo i?aeoiae?a ? iaoiae?a ?ic?aooieo aeaeo?e/ieo
iaaaioaaeaiue (onoaaie aeey nenoai oi?aae?iiy), ii?iaoeaieo aeo?ao ?
ao?ao aeaeo?iaia?a?? (ia?aiao??a aeey nenoai iae?eo ? eiio?ieth
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy) c a?aooaaiiyi oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae a??ie/eo
ii??ae ? ?o a??ia?aeii? i?e?iaee, a oaeiae nenoai oi?aae?iiy aeaeo?e/iei
iaaaioaaeaiiyi, ye? aeicaieythoue ii??aiyii c a?aeiieie i?aeaeueoe
aoaeoeai?noue aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy.

3. Iaa?oiooaaiiy ? ?ic?iaea e?eoa???a ? niinia?a aecia/aiiy
oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae a??ie/eo ii??ae ? ioe?iee yeino? ianiaeo
aeaoo?a, ye? aeicaieythoue noai?thaaoe eiiieaeni? nenoaie iae?eo ?
eiio?ieth aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a??ie/eo iaoei oa oaoiieia?/ieo
aeanoeainoae ii??ae a ?aaeueiiio oaii? oaoiieia?/ieo i?ioean?a.

4. ?icaeoie oai??? ?ic?aooieo EO (eiiiainoth/eo onoaiiaie) ia iniia?
?ic?iaee iiaeo i?aeoiae?a, e?eoa???a ? iaoiae?a, ni?yiiaaieo ia
i?aeaeuaiiy aia?aiaoaeoeaiino? E?I (eiiiainaoe?? ?aaeoeaii? iiooaeiino?)
a ia?aaeao niiaeeaa/?a ? AN (aia?ainenoai) ? iaoiaee/ia caaacia/aiiy
nenoai oi?aae?iiy (noai?aiiy ia?aaeoiia aeey i?i?i?caoe?? ao?ao a
aeaeo?e/ieo ia?aaeao ? aecia/aiiy onoaaie – ao?aeieo ?aaeoeaieo
iiooaeiinoae (A?I)). ?ic?iaea iaoai?cio caaeainoaaiiy ?ioa?an?a AN ?
niiaeeaa/?a i?e aca?ii?ic?aooieao ca E?I.

5. ?ic?iaea e?eoa???a, niinia?a, aeai?eoi?a oa nenoai iioeiaeueiiai
aaoiiaoe/iiai oi?aae?iiy EO, ye? cae?eniththoue i?i?i?caoe?th ao?ao a
aeaeo?e/ieo ia?aaeao niiaeeaa/?a ? AN oa eii?aeeiaoe?th ia?aoie?a ?I
(?aaeoeaii? iiooaeiino?) ia a?aieoe? ?o ?iciiae?eo c a?aooaaiiyi an?o
iiaeeeaeo ?aaeei?a ?? niiaeeaaiiy, a?aenooiino? EO a aeayeeo aoceao aai
oi?aae?iiy ieie ? ci?ie ?o e?eueeino? a i?ioean? oi?aae?iiy.

Iaoiaeeea aeine?aeaeaiue. Iaoiaeieia?/io iniiao aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe
neeaaea? oai??y a??ia?aeiinoae ? iaoaiaoe/ia noaoenoeea, ei?aeyoe?eiee ?
?aa?an?eiee aiae?c, iaoiaee *aaeoaaa ? iine?aeiaiiai aiae?co, oai??y
a?ao?a ? aia?ao iao?e/ii? aeaaa?e, eeane/i? iaoiaee iaeiioe?eueiai?
iioei?caoe?? aac iaiaaeaiue ? iaoiae iaicia/aieo iiiaeiee?a Eaa?aiaea.

Aeinoia??i?noue ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny oeyoii
?ao?iniaeoeaii? ia?aa??ee noai?aieo iaoiae?a ? iiaeaeae, ?ica’ycaiiyi
a?aeiia?aeieo caaea/ ca aeiiiiiaith cai?iiiiiaaieo ? a?aeiieo iaoiae?a
oa iiaeaeae ? ii??aiyiiy ?o ?acoeueoao?a, ?aae?caoe?? cai?iiiiiaaieo
niinia?a, iiaeaeae ? aeai?eoi?a oi?aae?iiy o aeaeyae? i?eno?i?a ?
nenoai, ?o aei?iaiaoaaiue ia noaiaeao ? a oiiaao i?iieneiaeo
i?aei?e?inoa, a oaeiae ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?o o ae?iaieoeoai ? a iaa/aeueiee
i?ioean.

A iniiao iaoeiaiai ocaaaeueiaiiy iieeaaeai? ?iaioe:

c oai??? ?ic?aooieo aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy aaoi??a Aaeeo A.I.,
Aieioeianueeiai N.A., Ieaei?eiaa A.E., I?aoiai?ea A.A.;

ii aei??thaaiith oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae a??ie/eo ii??ae aaoi??a
N?ie?ia A.A., Oaiaa?aa ?.A.;

c iioei?caoe?? E?I ? ?aaeei?a ia?aae aaoi??a AEaeacei TH.N.,
AEo?ao?anueeiai A.A., Ci??ia A.A., Eociaoeiaa A.A., Ua?aeie TH.A.;

a iaeano? noai?aiiy cania?a oa nenoai aaoiiaoeee aeey a??ie/eo
i?aei?e?inoa, nenoai oi?aae?iiy aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiyi oa eiiiainoth/eie
onoaiiaeaie aaoi??a Aa?eaia ss.Ae., ?aaiiaa A.I., Iie?ia A.?., I?aiyea
A.A., ?acoiiiai TH.O., ?iaeuee?ia Ae.E.;

A aeena?oaoe?? aeeiiai? iaoeia? ocaaaeueiaiiy a aaeocyo ?ic?aooieo
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ? eiiiainoth/eo onoaiiaie, ?ic?iaee niinia?a
aei??thaaiiy eaoaai??e ii??ae ? oi?aae?iiy eiiiainoth/eie onoaiiaeaie oa
aeaeo?e/iei iaaaioaaeaiiyi, ye? iieyaathoue a aiae?c? iaoiae?a, iiaeaeae
? niinia?a c a?aooaaiiyi a??ia?aeii? i?e?iaee eaoaai??e ii??ae ?
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy, a io?eiaii? aia?oa cai?iiiiiaaieo i?aeoiae?a ?
caeaaeiinoae uiaei aecia/aiiy ii?iaoeaieo aeo?ao ? ao?ao aeaeo?iaia?a??
? eiiiainoth/eo onoaiiaie; e?eoa???a ioe?iee oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae
ii??ae, a?aeoeeaiiy oaeoe/iiai iioiei?iciiae?eo ?aaeoeaii? iiooaeiino?
a?ae iioeiaeueiiai cia/aiiy, aeiionoeiino? ni?iuaiiai ?iciiae?eo
eiiiainoth/eo onoaiiaie a aeaeo?e/ieo ia?aaeao ? aoaeoeaiino? oi?aae?iiy
ieie, iaoiae?a ? iiaeaeae aecia/aiiy ? i?iaiico ii?iaoeaieo aeo?ao ?
ao?ao aeaeo?iaia?a??, ao?aeieo aeoeaieo (iaoiae i?iaiico iaeneiaeueieo
iaaaioaaeaiue) ? ?aaeoeaieo (iaoiae «a?aie/ieo cao?ao») iiooaeiinoae,
ei?eaoaaiiy aeiiii?/ii? ? aaeainiai? caaea/ eiiiainaoe??, ia iniia? yeeo
cae?eniaii ?icaeoie oai??? ?ic?aooieo aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ? eiiiainoth/eo
onoaiiaie (iaoiaee/iiai caaacia/aiiy nenoai oi?aae?iiy ? eiio?ieth) oa
iiaeo iai?yie?a a ?ic?iaoe? niinia?a aei??thaaiiy eaoaai??e ii??ae (ca
e?eoa???i aia?ai?iiino? oaoiieia?/ieo i?ioean?a) ? oi?aae?iiy
eiiiainoth/eie onoaiiaeaie oa aeaeo?e/iei iaaaioaaeaiiyi (ca e?eoa???i
i?i?iaeueieo ao?ao), ui aeicaiey? noai?thaaoe a?aeiia?aei? nenoaie
eiio?ieth ? oi?aae?iiy, ye? caaacia/othoue ae??oaiiy cia/ii? i?eeeaaeii?
i?iaeaie – i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a
aeaeo?ioaoi?/ieo eiiieaenao i?aei?e?inoa ? aia?ainenoai.

?aeay ?iaioe iieyaa? a i?aeaeuaii? aoaeoeaiino? aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ca
?aooiie ?ic?iaee niinia?a ? nenoai iioeiaeueiiai (ca e?eoa???i
i?i?iaeueieo ao?ao) oi?aae?iiy aeaeo?e/iei iaaaioaaeaiiyi ?
eiiiainoth/eie onoaiiaeaie, nenoai eiio?ieth aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a??ie/eo
iaoei ? oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae ii??ae, i?ia?aiiiai ? iaoiaee/iiai
caaacia/aiiy aeacaieo nenoai (iaoiae?a ?ic?aooieo ao?aeieo
iiooaeiinoae (onoaaie), ii?iaoeaieo aeo?ao ? ao?ao, eiiiainoth/eo
onoaiiaie).

Iniiai? iaoeia? iieiaeaiiy oa ?acoeueoaoe, ui aeiinyoueny ia caoeno, ?o
iiaecia.

Iaoeia? iieiaeaiiy:

1. I?eioeeiiai iiaee i?aeo?ae uiaei aecia/aiiy ao?ao a aeaeo?e/ieo
ia?aaeao a?oioo?oueny ia aeei?enoaii? anoaiiaeaieo ia ?ic?aooieiaee
ia??iae ieoiieo ii?i (aac ao?ao) ? i?aeaeuaii? ?o oi/iino?, ieoiiiai
/ano (ia iaeeieoeth i?iaeoeoe?? /e ?iaioe), iia?aoeaii caaeaii?
i?iaeoeoeaiino? a??ie/i? iaoeie (oeaoo), ui aeicaiey? a?aoiaoaaoe ci?ie
oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae ii??ae (/a?ac ieoiio ii?io) ? aecia/aoe
«/enoee» /an o?eaaeino? oaoiieia?/iiai i?ioeano a ?ic?aooieiaiio
ia??iae? (/a?ac ieoiiee /an ? caaeaio i?iaeoeoeai?noue), oieeaoe
nooo?aeo iioeaie (aei 70%) i?e aecia/aii? ii?ie ao?ao ca a?aeiieie
i?aeoiaeaie ? iaoiaeaie.

2. Niiniae aei??thaaiiy oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae a??ie/eo ii??ae
(ao?eiino? ? aeneaaaoe??) ? ioe?iee yeino? ianiaeo aeaoo?a ca e?eoa???i
iiaii? ieoiii? aia?ai?iiino? a?aeiia?aeiiai oaoiieia?/iiai i?ioeano,
ci?ia yei? a i?ioean? ao??iiy aai aeneaaaoe?? ii??ae a?aeia?aaea? ?o
aeeiai?eo, a?ae??ciythoueny a?ae a?aeiieo a?eueoith oi/i?noth (oeyoii
a?aooaaiiy aia?a?? ia noai?aiiy inueiaiai oeneo ia caa?e naa?aeeiaeie ?
?? i?iaeoaeo), ?ioi?iaoeai?noth (io?eiaio ?ioi?iaoe?th iiaeia
aeei?enoiaoaaoe aeey iae?eo ? eiio?ieth ii?iaoeaiiai ? caaaeueiiai
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a??ie/eo iaoei) oa iiaeeea?noth aaoiiaoecaoe??
i?ioeano aei??thaaiiy, ui aeicaiey? noai?thaaoe eiiieaeni? nenoaie
eiio?ieth aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a??ie/eo iaoei ? oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae
ii??ae a ?aaeueiiio oaii? oaoiieia?/ieo i?ioean?a.

3. Iaoai?ci caaeainoaaiiy ?ioa?an?a aia?ainenoaie oa niiaeeaa/?a (i?e
eiiiainaoe?? ?aaeoeaii? iiooaeiino? a ?o ia?aaeao) a?oioo?oueny ia
i?eioeeiiai iiaiio i?aeoiae? uiaei aecia/aiiy ao?aeii? ?aaeoeaii?
iiooaeiino? (ia iniia? nenoaiiiai i?aeoiaeo ? c iiceoe?? ie?aiiai
niiaeeaa/a), ii??aiyii c a?aeiieie ia?aaeaa/a? ioe?ieo ao?ao a?ae
eii?aeeiaoe?? ia?aoie?a ?aaeoeaii? iiooaeiino? ? ?o cieaeaiiy a ia?aaeao
aia?ainenoai ca ?aooiie onoaiiaee EO o niiaeeaa/?a, canoinoaaiiy
i?eioeei?a eiiieaeniino? ? caaeainiaaiiino? o?iainiaiai i?eiooaiiy ?
caioi/aiiy aei ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iioeiaeueii? E?I, ??aiii?aa’y iinoaauee?a
? niiaeeaa/?a ? aeicaiey? aoaeoeai?oa noeioethaaoe cieaeaiiy ao?ao a ?o
ia?aaeao.

4. Niiniae iioeiaeueiiai (ca e?eoa???i i?i?iaeueieo ao?ao) aaoiiaoe/iiai
oi?aae?iiy EOa?oioothoueny ia ae??oaii? aeiiii?/ii? caaea/? E?I ca
e?eoa???i i?i?iaeueieo cao?ao ? aaeainiai? – ca e?eoa???i i?i?iaeueieo
ao?ao, ui noai?th? ia?aaeoiiae aeey iioeiaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy EO, ?
iieyaathoue o i?aeo?eiaii? a eiaeiiio aoce? oiiae iioeiaeueiiai
iioiei?iciiae?eo ?aaeoeaii? iiooaeiino? o an?o iiaeeeaeo ?aaeeiao ??
niiaeeaaiiy (a o./. iaeieiia??ieo ? ianoaa?eueieo) i?e a?aooaaii?
aaeainiai? oiiae ia aaiae? i?aei?e?inoaa, a?aenooiino? EO a aeayeeo
aoceao aai oi?aae?iiy ieie ? ci?ie ?o e?eueeino? a i?ioean? oi?aae?iiy,
ui aeicaiey? ii??aiyii c a?aeiieie niiniaaie noai?thaaoe nenoaie
oi?aae?iiy EO, ye? caaacia/othoue eii?aeeiaoe?th ia?aoie?a ?aaeoeaii?
iiooaeiino? ia a?aieoe? ?iciiae?eo ia?aae AN ? niiaeeaa/?a oa
i?i?i?caoe?th ao?ao a ?o ia?aaeao.

Iaoeia? ?acoeueoaoe:

Anoaiiaeai? caeiiii??iino? aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy aeaeo?ioaoi?/ieo
eiiieaen?a a oiiaao ia?oaeieo ea?’???a. Aia?oa anoaiiaeaii, ui caeii
?iciiae?eo ieoiii? aia?ai?iiino? ao??iiy caeaaeeoue a?ae ni?aa?aeiioaiiy
i’yeeo ? i?oeieo ii??ae, ye? aeiaoaathoueny, ? ci?ith?oueny a i?inoi??
(ii ie?aieo ai?eciioao) ? a /an? (i?ioyaii no?ieo aenieoaoaoe??
?iaeiaeua). ?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue iineoaeeee
iniiaith aeey ae??oaiiy ?yaeo caaaeaiue (oi?ioaaiiy ianeao aeaieo,
?ic?iaea iniiaieo iai?yie?a ? i?aeoe/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e i?aeaeuaiiy
aoaeoeaiino? aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ? e?eoa???a aeiiii?/ii? aeioe?eueiino?
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?o o ae?iaieoeoai ? o.?i.). Cai?iiiiiaaia no?oeoo?a
nenoaie oi?aae?iiy aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiyi a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae a?aeiieo
eiia?iiaaiei canoinoaaiiyi cania?a oi?aae?iiy, ui aeicaiey? i?i?i?coaaoe
cao?aoe i?e ?? noai?aii?, ? aeeiiaiiyi iiaeo ooieoe?e (eiio?ieue
oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae a??ie/eo ii??ae, ?aaoethaaiiy yeino? a??ie/i?
iane ? o. ?i.);

2. Anoaiiaeaii, ui canoinoaaiiy aeey i?iaiico iaeneiaeueieo
iieaa?oaeueieo iaaaioaaeaiue (onoaaie aeey nenoai oi?aae?iiy) eeane/ieo
iaoiae?a, iniiaaieo ia aeei?enoaii? /aniaeo ?yae?a, i?ecaiaeeoue aei
nooo?aeo iioeaie (- 64 SYMBOL 184 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ? 70%). Iieacaii,
ui a oiiaao ia?oaeieo ea?’???a iaee?au? ?acoeueoaoe aeathoue iiaeae?,
ye? anoaiiaeththoue ca’ycie oeeo iaaaioaaeaiue c iniiaieie
oaoiieia?/ieie oaeoi?aie ? a?ae??ciythoueny a?ae a?aeiieo i?eeiyoiith
oi/i?noth i?iaiico (iioeaea ia aeoiaeeoue ca iaae? SYMBOL 177 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 ± 5%). ?ic?iaeai? nenoaie iioeiaeueiiai (ca e?eoa???i
i?i?iaeueieo ao?ao) oi?aae?iiy aeaeo?e/iei iaaaioaaeaiiyi, aeei?enoaiiy
yeeo aeicaiey? ciaioeoe ao?aoe aeaeo?iaia?a?? ? ?? ieoiio aa?o?noue, a
oaeiae iaae? a?aeoeeaiiy iai?oae a?ae iii?iaeueiiai cia/aiiy i?ioyaii
aeiae. Iiaecia ? i?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue cai?iiiiiaaieo nenoai ? i?eno?i?a
i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny oaeiae 5 aaoi?nueeeie na?aeioeoaaie ? iaoaioaie ia
aeiaoiaee.

3. ?ic?iaeaii iaoiae aecia/aiiy oa iia?aoeaiiai ii?ioaaiiy ao?ao a
aeaeo?e/ieo ia?aaeao, yeee aeicaiey? ii??aiyii c a?aeiieie iaoiaeaie
oieeiooe nooo?aeo iioeaie (aei 70 %). I?aeaeuaiiy oi/iino? aecia/aiiy
iniiaii? neeaaeiai? ieoiieo ii?i i?ecaiaeeoue aei a?aeiia?aeiiai
i?aeaeuaiiy oi/iino? ii?ie ao?ao. Aeey i?aeaeuaiiy oi/iino? ii?i
cai?iiiiiaaii i?aeoiaee: i?yiiai aecia/aiiy ii?i aeey a??ie/eo iaoei
aenia?eiaioaeueiei oeyoii ? oe?iei? ?o aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? (ii ie?aieo
?iaeiaeuao, onooiao ? o. ?i.); oe?oiiaiiy oaoiieia?/ieo aoce?a, aeey
yeeo aecia/athoueny ii?ie; aeae?eaiiy ianeao a??ie/eo ii??ae, ui
iaao?th?oueny ? ?iciooaiiai aeaooii, ye ia’?eo?a ii?ioaaiiy, iae?eo ?
eiio?ieth aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy; aeei?enoaiiy e?eaeo ?iciiae?eo ieoiiiai
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy aeey i?iaiico aeo?ao aeaeo?iaia?a??. Ia iniia?
i?aeoiae?a ?ic?iaeaii: iaoiae «oaoiieia?/ieo ii?i» (aeey ?ic?aooieo
oeaoiaeo ? caaiaenueeeo ii?i), yeee a?oioo?oueny ia aeei?enoaii? ianeao
aeaieo, io?eiaieo a oiiaao ia?oaeieo ea?’???a; iiaeae? i?iaiico ieoiiiai
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ii ao?aeieo ? (aai) aeo?aeieo ia?aiao?ao ?aaeeio
ao??iiy aai aeneaaaoe?? (aia?oa), ye? a?ae??ciythoueny a?ae a?aeiieo
i?aeaeuaiith oi/i?noth (iioeaea noaiiaeoue 0,13-1,5%), iiaeaeue
aeiaaino?ieiaiai (aei 5 ?ie?a) i?iaiico aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy c
aeei?enoaiiyi e?eaeo eiai ?iciiae?eo (aia?oa).

4. Noai?aii nenoaie eiio?ieth aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a??ie/eo iaoei,
oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae ii??ae ? yeino? ianiaeo aeaoo?a, ye?
a?ae??ciythoueny a?ae a?aeiieo a?eueoith oi/i?noth (oeyoii a?aooaaiiy
aia?a?? ia noai?aiiy inueiaiai oeneo ia aea?e naa?aeeiaeie ? ??
i?iaeoaeo), c?o/i?noth aei??thaaiiy o ae?iaie/eo oiiaao ( a o. /. ca
aeiiiiiaith aeaeo?ie?/eeueiee?a), a?eueoith ?ioi?iaoeai?noth (io?eiaio
?ioi?iaoe?th iiaeia aeei?enoiaoaaoe aeey iae?eo ? eiio?ieth ii?iaoeaiiai
? caaaeueiiai aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a??ie/eo iaoei) ? iiaeeea?noth
aaoiiaoecaoe?? i?ioeano aei??thaaiiy. Cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiae iiaoaeiae
oaoiieia?/ieo oeae ao?eiino? ? aeneaaaoe?? a??ie/eo ii??ae ? ioe?iee
yeino? ianiaeo aeaoo?a (aia?oa). ?ic?iaeaii aeaaa/ aeeaeie ao??iiy
naa?aeeiaei. Iaoeiaa iiaecia ? i?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue cai?iiiiiaaieo
niinia?a ? nenoai i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny oaeiae 5 aaoi?nueeeie
na?aeioeoaaie ia aeiaoiaee. Aeai? ?ic?iaee ?icaeaathoue iiaee iai?yiie
aecia/aiiy oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae ii??ae ca iiaiith ieoiiith
aia?ai?ii?noth a?aeiia?aeiiai oaoiieia?/iiai i?ioeano.

5. ?ic?iaeai? iniiai? iieiaeaiiy nenoaie aca?ii?ic?aooie?a ca E?I, yea
a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae a?aeiieo iayai?noth iaoai?cio caaeainoaaiiy
?ioa?an?a AN ? niiaeeaa/?a, iiaeeea?noth aecia/aiiy aca?iiiia’ycaieo
cia/aiue A?I, ui noai?th? ia?aaeoiiae aeey iioei?caoe?? ia?aoie?a ?I a
ia?aaeao AN, a?eueoith oi/i?noth ?ic?aooie?a (ca ?aooiie aeeo/aiiy
iiaea?eii? iieaoe ?aaeoeaii? aia?a?? ? ooi/iaiiy oa?eoo ia aeoeaio
aia?a?th ? iaeano? eiai canoinoaaiiy), a?aooaaiiy a??ia?aeii? i?e?iaee
?I ? iiaeeeainoae ?aaoeyoi??a aeene?aoiiai oi?aae?iiy (oeyoii
anoaiiaeaiiy ciie ia/ooeeaino? aeey A?I).

6. Aeey ?ica’ycaiiy aeiiii?/ii? caaea/? E?I ?ic?iaeaii iaoiae «a?aie/ieo
cao?ao», yeee a?oioo?oueny ia canoinoaaii? cai?iiiiiaaieo iiai? oeaee
ieoiii? aa?oino? AE (aaoa?ae eiiaeainaoi??a); oaeineiiaeaiiai i?aeoiaeo
uiaei aecia/aiiy ieoiii? aaae aeaea?ae o aoce? ? ia?aiao??a
aea?aaeaioiiai aeaea?aea; e?eoa??th aeey ioe?iee a?aeoeeaiiy oaeoe/iiai
iioiei?iciiae?eo ?I a?ae iioeiaeueiiai cia/aiiy (aia?oa) ?
a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae a?aeiieo no?oeoo?ith oe?eueiai? ooieoe?? (aac
ie?aiiai aeae?eaiiy iino?eii? neeaaeiai? cao?ao, yea a?aoiao?oueny
aaeoi?ii ieoiieo cao?ao ia aaia?aoe?th ?I ii ie?aieo aoceao),
a?aeiiniith i?inoioith (a?aenooi? iaa?iai? iao?eoe?) ? i?aeaeuaiith
oi/i?noth ?ic?aooie?a (o?eueee canoinoaaiiy iiai? oeaee ieoiii? aa?oino?
AE aeicaiey? ciaioeoe iioeaeo ?ic?aooie?a aei 40%). Iaoiae ei?eaoaaiiy
aeiiii?/ii? caaea/? E?I ii e?eaeo SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D C=f(
SYMBOL 89 \f “Symbol” \s 14 Y 0, SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D SYMBOL
89 \f “Symbol” \s 14 Y aeiae) cai?iiiiiaaii aia?oa, a?ae??ciy?oueny
oe?ieith iaeanoth canoinoaaiiy, aeicaiey? iaa?oiooaaoe a?eueo aenieo
noai?iue E?I ? i?aeaeueoe ?? aia?aiaoaeoeai?noue, eiai iiaeia
?icaeyaeaoe ye niin?a a?aooaaiiy iino?eii? neeaaeiai? cao?ao ia
ia?aaea/o ?I ii ia?aaeao i?aenenoaie. Aia?oa cai?iiiiiaaii e?eoa??e
aeiionoeiino? ni?iuaiiai ?iciiae?eo EO a ia?aaeao i?aenenoaie ?
niiaeeaa/?a, yeee aeicaiey? ca iaaieo oiia ciaioeoe ia’?i
ia/enethaaeueii? ?iaioe aai iaa?oiooaaoe canoinoaaiiy iioei?caoe?eieo
iaoiae?a. Iaoiaee ? iiaeae? ae??oaiiy ? ei?eaoaaiiy aaeainiai? caaea/?
E?I a?ae??ciythoueny a?ae a?aeiieo a?aooaaiiyi a?aenooiino? a aeayeeo
aoceao EO. ?ic?iaeaii i?aeo?ae ? iaoiae aecia/aiiy A?I c iiceoe??
ie?aiiai niiaeeaa/a (aia?oa), yeee aeicaiey? aecia/eoe aoaeoeai?noue E?I
a eiai ia?aaeao; ooi/ieoe A?I, yeo aecia/eea ? caaeaea AN; caaeainoaaoe
?ioa?ane AN ? niiaeeaa/?a ? a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae a?aeiieo aeei?enoaiiyi
a ?ic?aooieao oa?eoii? aa?oino? ao?ao ? na?aaeiueicaaaeaii? ieoiii?
aa?oino? EO, ei?eaoaaiiyi aeiiii?/ii? caaea/? E?I ? o.?i. Iiaoaiia
ae??oaiiy aeiiii?/ii? ? aaeainiai? caaea/ E?I ca e?eoa??yie,
a?aeiia?aeii, i?i?iaeueieo i?eaaaeaieo cao?ao ? ao?ao ni?iuo?
?ic?aooieia? iaoiaee ? a oie aea /an i?aeaeuo? ?o oi/i?noue (oeyoii
ei?eaoaaiiy io?eiaiiai ??oaiiy), noai?th? ia?aaeoiiae aeey iioeiaeueiiai
oi?aae?iiy EO.

7. Aia?oa ?ic?iaeai? nenoaie iioeiaeueiiai (ca e?eoa???i i?i?iaeueieo
ao?ao) aaoiiaoe/iiai oi?aae?iiy AE (?o no?oeoo?i? noaie ? aeai?eoie
oi?aae?iiy): ii aaee/ei? iioi/ieo ao?ao; ii aaee/ei? ca?eueoaiiy aai
ciaioaiiy ao?ao, ye? aeicaieythoue ii??aiyii c a?aeiieie i?aeaeueoe
aoaeoeai?noue oi?aae?iiy. Aeieacaii, ui a oiio /e ?ioiio aoce? iiaeooue
ianooiaoe iaeieiia??i? ? ianoaa?euei? ?aaeeie niiaeeaaiiy ?aaeoeaii?
iiooaeiino?. Aia?oa ?ic?iaeai? nenoaie iioeiaeueiiai aaoiiaoe/iiai
oi?aae?iiy AE oeyoii i?aeo?eiaiiy o aoceao oiiae iioeiaeueiino?
iioiei?iciiae?eo ?I. Iaa?oioiaaii, ui ooieoe?? nenoai oeaio?ae?ciaaiiai
oi?aae?iiy iiaeia aeeiioaaoe ca aeiiiiiaith a?oie niaoe?aeueii noai?aieo
aaoiiaoe/ieo ?aaoeyoi??a eieaeueii? ae??. ?ic?iaeaii ?yae i?eno?i?a, ye?
?aae?cothoue aeaiee niin?a, c ia?aiao?aie oi?aae?iiy: ii Q i U aocea c
a?aooaaiiyi iayaiino? aai a?aenooiino? o?ainoi?iaoi??a c ?II; ii Q aai U
aocea; ca /anii aeiae. Nenoaie, ui noai?ththoueny ?c n oaeeo i?eno?i?a,
? aeueoa?iaoeaieie ii a?aeiioaiith aei oeaio?ae?ciaaieo nenoai
oi?aae?iiy, iniiaiith ?o ia?aaaaith ? a?aenooi?noue e?i?e ca’yceo.
?ic?iaeaii oaeiae nenoaie iioeiaeueiiai aaoiiaoe/iiai oi?aae?iiy
?aaeoeaiei iaaaioaaeaiiyi i?aei?e?inoaa ca aeiiiiiaith a?oie NAe,
noi?niiai ? ?icae?eueiiai oi?aae?iiy NAe ? AE, a oaeiae oi?aae?iiy AE a
ia?aaeao c ianeiao?e/iei iaaaioaaeaiiyi. Ii??aiyii c a?aeiieie
cai?iiiiiaai? nenoaie caaacia/othoue aeeiiaiiy aeiia aia?ainenoaie uiaei
niiaeeaaiiy ?I ?c ?? ia?aae? ? i?i?i?caoe?th ao?ao i?e an?o iiaeeeaeo
?aaeeiao ?? niiaeeaaiiy. ?o iiaecia ? i?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue
i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny oaeiae 8 aaoi?nueeeie na?aeioeoaaie ? iaoaioaie ia
aeiaoiaee. Aeai? ?ic?iaee ?icaeaathoue iiaee iai?yiie a noai?aii?
niinia?a ? nenoai iioeiaeueiiai aaoiiaoe/iiai oi?aae?iiy EO.

Ca’ycie c aea?aeaaieie ? aaeocaaeie i?ia?aiaie IAe?. ?acoeueoaoe,
aeeeaaeai? a aeena?oaoe??, io?eiai? a i?ioean? iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue,
ye? i?iaiaeeeenue aaoi?ii: ca oe?eueiaith eiiieaeniith i?ia?aiith
Aea?aeieaio O?N? “Aia?aieiiieaen” (1984?, caaaeaiiy ?I01.07Oe01.06), ca
i?aeaoc?anueeith i?ia?aiith “Aeiiii?y aeaeo?iaia?a??” (1982?.),
oaiaoe/ieie ieaiaie ?II “Oe?oeyoaoae?iaeono??y” ? “Oe?ia?oaei?ii”,
ae?iaie/eo ia’?aeiaiue ? ie?aieo i?aei?e?inoa. Anueiai aeeiiaii ca
ia??iae c 1977-1997?. 11 ainiaeiaia??ieo oai.

I?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue ? ?aae?caoe?y ?acoeueoao?a ?iaioe.

I?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue iaoeiaeo iieiaeaiue ? ?acoeueoao?a, aeeeaaeaieo a
aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio?, iieyaa? a oiio, ui aiie ni?yiiaai? ia
?ica’ycaiiy eiie?aoieo caaea/ iaoiaee/iiai ? oaoi?/iiai caaacia/aiiy
aeaeo?icaa?aaeaiiy a aeaeo?ioaoi?/ieo eiiieaenao i?aei?e?inoa ? ia?aaeao
AN. Cai?iiiiiaai? iiaeae? ? iaoiaee ?aae?ciaai? o aeaeyae? aeai?eoi?a ?
i?ia?ai ?ic?aooieo, a niiniae aecia/aiiy oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae
a??ie/eo ii??ae, oi?aae?iiy aeaeo?e/iei iaaaioaaeaiiyi ? EO SYMBOL 190
\f “Symbol” \s 14 3/4 o aeaeyae? aeai?eoi?a ? i?ia?ai oi?aae?iiy;
aeine?aeieo, aenia?eiaioaeueieo ? na??eieo c?ace?a i?eno?i?a ? nenoai
(ia aac? i?e?ii?ioeani?ii? oaoi?ee). A?eueo?noue oai?aoe/ieo iieiaeaiue
?iaioe aeiaaaeaii aei eiie?aoieo ?iaeaia?ieo iaoiaeee, oaoi?/ieo aeiia ?
aaeocaaeo ii?iaoeaieo iaoa??ae?a.

Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiue ?ic?iaeai?: “Io?aneaaay eino?oeoeey ii
ii?ie?iaaieth ?anoiaea yeaeo?iyia?aee ia ao?iaua ?aaiou” Oa?iiiieue:
Ca?o/, – 1982. – 71n., “Nai?iee eino?oeoeee ii ii?ie?iaaieth ?anoiaea
yeaeo?iyia?aee, ?an/aoo E?I e ?aaoee?iaaieth ?aaeeiia
yeaeo?iiio?aaeaiey” Io/ao ii IE?. – Aeiieoea, 1986.-202n. – iiia?
ain?aaeno?aoeee 01825046307, ye? ai?iaaaeaeai? ia i?aei?e?inoaao ?II
“Oe?oeyoaoae?iaeono??y” ? “Oe?ia?oaei?ii”. I?eno?i? ? nenoaie oi?aae?iiy
EO ai?iaaaeaeai? ia ?yae? i?aei?e?inoa Oiaeueieoeueei? ? A?iieoeueei?
iaeanoae. Ie?ai? iieiaeaiiy nenoaie aca?ii?ic?aooie?a ca E?I aeei?enoai?
i?e ?ic?iaoe? “Iaoiaeeee ?ic?aooie?a ieaoe ca ia?aoiee ?I i?ae AN oa ??
niiaeeaa/aie” (IOOO “EI?”).

Ia iniia? iaoa??ae?a aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe aeey nooaeaio?a ? ani??aio?a
aeaeo?i-aia?aaoe/ieo niaoe?aeueiinoae i?aeaioiaeai? o?e iaa/aeuei?
iin?aieee ? iiiia?ao?y. Oai?aoe/i? ?ic?iaee, i?ia?aie aeey AII ?
oaoi?/i? caniae aeei?enoiaothoueny a eo?nao “Oai?aoe/i? iniiae
aeaeo?iiinoa/aiiy”, “I?iaeooaaiiy nenoai aeaeo?iiinoa/aiiy”,
“Aia?aicaa??aath/? oaoiieia?? a aeaeo?iaia?aaoeoe?”, i?e noai?aii?
eaai?aoi?ieo noaiae?a, a aeeieiiiiio i?iaeooaaii?, a aeine?aeaeaiiyo
nooaeaio?a ? ani??aio?a.

Ai?iaaoe?y. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy ? ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe
aeiiia?aeaeenue ia 35 Ananithcieo, ?anioae?eainueeeo ? i?aeia?iaeieo
iaoeiai-oaoi?/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo, nai?ia?ao ? ia?aaeao (1977 – 1999??.),
a oaeiae aoc?anueeeo eiioa?aioe?yo (1976 – 1999??.), a i?eno?i? ?
nenoaie aeaiiino?oaaeenue ia AAeIA N?N? (1989 ? 1991??.; io?eiai? aea?
n??ai? iaaeae?) ? ia ?II-io i?aeia?iaeiiio naeii? aeiaoiae?a “Inventika
– 96” (?oioi?y, i. ssne, 1996; iio?eiaia cieioa iaaeaeue) ? aoc?anueeeo
aenoaaeao (1986 – 1997 ?.).

Ioae?eaoe??. Ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 105 iaoeiaeo
i?aoeue, a o./. io?eiaii 18 aaoi?nueeeo na?aeioeoa ? iaoaio?a ia
aeiaoiaee, ca?a?no?iaaii o AIO?Oe 7 ca?o?a ii iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo
?iaioao, aeaeaii o?e iaa/aeueieo iin?aieea ? iiiia?ao?y ? ?yae
iaoiaee/ieo aeac?aie aeey nooaeaio?a ? ani??aio?a aeaeo?iaia?aaoe/ieo
niaoe?aeueiinoae.

Ianya ? no?oeoo?a ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, oanoe
?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo e?oa?aoo?e ?c 251 iaca, aeiaeaoe?a.
Aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa aeeeaaeaia ia 301 noi??ieao iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo c
?enoieaie ? oaaeeoeyie.

Ei?ioeee ci?no ?iaioe

Ia?oee ?icae?e i?enay/aiee aiae?co noaio i?iaeai, ui aeine?aeaeothoueny.
Anoaiiaeaii, ui ianea aeaieo ii aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiith aeaeo?ioaoi?/ieo
eiiieaen?a ia?oaeieo ea?’???a i?aeoe/ii a?aenooi?e, ui noai?th? iaai?
o?oaeiiu? i?e aecia/aii?, ii?ioaaii? ? i?iaiicoaaii? aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy.
Aeei?enoaiiy ?ic?aooieiaeo eiao?oe??io?a, io?eiaieo a oiiaao ?ioeo
ea?’???a ? iaaaaeaieo a ii?iaoeaieo aeieoiaioao ? aeia?aeeia?e
e?oa?aoo?? i?ecaiaeeoue aei cia/ieo iioeaie (/a?ac nooo?ao a?aei?ii?noue
oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae ii??ae, iaa?aooaaiiy ?o a??ia?aeii? i?e?iaee,
a?aenooi?noue aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ii ie?aieo ai?eciioao ? o. ?i.).
Noai?aiiy ianeao aeaieo aeey ia?oaeieo ea?’???a aeiaaa? i?iaaaeaiiy
aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue.

Aiae?c aeiaiaeo a?ao?e?a ? /aniaeo ?yae?a iaeneiaeueieo iieaa?oaeueieo
iaaaioaaeaiue ia?oaeieo ea?’???a iieaco?, ui niaoeeo?/i? oiiae ?iaioe
oeeo i?aei?e?inoa i?ecaiaeyoue aei cia/ieo eieeaaiue ye aeiaiaeo, oae ?
iieaa?oaeueieo iaeneiaeueieo iaaaioaaeaiue. *ania? ?yaee ia aieiae?thoue
aeanoeainoyie noaoe?iia?iino? ? ia??iaee/iino?, ia aeeaey/enue ia oa, ui
aieea oaeiai oaeoi?o ye naciii?noue, ia oe? ?yaee, aeeo/aiee. Oaeoe/i?
ci?ie iaoaiaoe/iiai niiae?aaiiy ? aeenia?n?? i?ioyaii ia??iaeo
aeine?aeaeaiiy ooieoe?? aiinyoue ?noioi? iioeaee a ?ic?aooiee (-64
SYMBOL 184 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ? +70 %), ui i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny i?iaiicii
iaaaioaaeaiue ca aeiiiiiaith o?aiaeiaeo oa aaeaioeaieo iiaeaeae ?
iiaeaeae aaoi?aa?an??. Ae??aithaaiiy aeiaiaeo a?ao?e?a aeaeo?e/ieo
iaaaioaaeaiue ca ?i?oe?aoeaith niiaeeaa/?a c iaoith i?aeaeuaiiy
aoaeoeaiino? aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy, i?aeoe/ii ia canoiniao?oueny (/a?ac
a?aenooi?noue /?oeeo e?eoa???a aeiiii?/ii? aeioe?eueiino? ae??aithaaiiy
? nenoai aoaeoeaiiai noeioethaaiiy oa oi?aae?iiy).

Iaaiith i?iaeaiith i?e aecia/aii? ii?iaoeaieo aeo?ao aeaeo?iaia?a?? ?
i?iaiicoaaiiy ?? ao?ao a ia?aaeao ? o?ainoi?iaoi?ao a iaeaooiueiio
(?ic?aooieiaiio) ?ioe?. Anoaiiaeaii, ui ?o aecia/aiiy ca na?aaei?i
iaaaioaaeaiiyi ieioeiai ?ieo ? eaeaiaea?iei /anii ?iaioe aa?aaaoo
(oeaoo) a iaeaooiueiio ?ioe? aai ca ona?aaeiaiei eiao?oe??ioii ao?ao
i?ecaiaeeoue aei nooo?aeo iioeaie (aei 70 %).

A?aenooi?noue niaoe?aeueieo nenoai iae?eo ? eiio?ieth aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy
a??ie/eo iaoei ? aei??thaaiiy oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae ii??ae a oaii?
i?ioeano cieaeo? aoaeoeai?noue ii?ioaaiiy ? ieaioaaiiy
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy, o?oaeiaeo ? iaoa??aeueieo ?ano?n?a, ia aeicaiey?
?ic?aooaaoe iaiao?aeio e?euee?noue iaeaaeiaiiy ? ?aiiioio aaco.

Caaaeueieie iaaeie?eaie nenoai ? oeae aca?ii?ic?aooie?a ca E?I ?:
iaaeeaeaia a?aooaaiiy a?aeaeaeaiino? niiaeeaa/?a aei aeaea?ae aeeaeaiiy;
iaa?aooaaiiy a??ia?aeiiai oa?aeoa?o ?aaeoeaieo iaaaioaaeaiue ?
iiaeeeainoae ?aaoeyoi??a ( a iniiaiiio aeene?aoii? ae??) oa ?ioa?an?a
niiaeeaa/?a; iaaeinoaoi?e noeioethth/ee aieea ia niiaeeaa/?a ? o. ?i.

A?aeii? iaoiaee ?ic?aooieo EO iathoue o? /e ?io? nooo?a? iaaeie?ee:
aeiionea?oueny i?iii?oe?eiee ?iciiae?e EO a ia?aaeao niiaeeaa/?a; ia
a?aoiao?oueny aai a?aoiao?oueny iaaeeaeaii iino?eia neeaaeiaa cao?ao
i?e aecia/aii? A?I; ia ia?aaeaa/a?oueny aecia/aiiy A?I c iiceoe??
ie?aiiai niiaeeaa/a; a ?ic?aooieao aeei?enoiaothoueny ona?aaeiai?
aa?oino? AE aac a?aooaaiiy ?o oeio, ?iaeo onoaiiaee, i?ecia/aiiy ?
niiniao oi?aae?iiy ? o.?i., ui i?ecaiaeeoue aei caieaeaiiy noaiai? E?I ?
ca?eueoaiiy iioeaee ?ic?aooie?a. A?eueo?noue ?c ?icaeyiooeo iaoiae?a
i?ecia/ai? aeey caieiaieo ia?aae, a?ae??ciythoueny neeaaei?noth ?
iaaeinooii?noth aeey ia?niiaeo aia?ainenoai ? niiaeeaa/?a ? oiio ia
ciaeoee oe?ieiai canoinoaaiiy a i?iaeoi?e ? aenieoaoaoe?ei?e i?aeoeoe?.
Aeaeo?e/i? ia?aae? ia?oaeieo ea?’???a i?aoeththoue a ?aaeei? i?aeaeuaieo
ao?ao aia?a?? ? iai?oae.

Aeey oi?aae?iiy EO canoiniaothoueny a iniiaiiio i?eno?i? eieaeueii?
ae??, ye? ia a?aeiia?aeathoue no/aniei aeiiaai uiaei oi?aae?iiy ?
i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy. A?aenooi? nenoaie
iioeiaeueiiai (ca oiiaith i?i?iaeueieo ao?ao) oi?aae?iiy EO, ui ia
aeicaiey? ?aae?coaaoe iiaeeeaino? aeiaeaoeiaiai cieaeaiiy ao?ao a
ia?aaeao AN ? aeaeo?ioaoi?/ieo eiiieaen?a i?aei?e?inoa ca ?aooiie
iioei?caoe?? iioiei?iciiae?eo ?aaeoeaii? iiooaeiino?.

Ae?oaee ?icae?e i?enay/aiee anoaiiaeaiith caeiiii??iinoae
aeaeo?i-niiaeeaaiiy, ?ic?iaoe? iniiaieo iai?yie?a ? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e
i?aeaeuaiiy eiai aoaeoeaiino? ? no?oeoo?e nenoaie oi?aae?iiy iei.
I?iaaaeai? aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a oiiaao
ia?oaeieo ea?’???a, ?icoaoiaaieo a ??cieo ?aa?iiao Oe?a?ie. Anoaiiaeaii,
ui ieoiia aia?ai?ii?noue ao??iiy SYMBOL 119 \f “Symbol” \s 14 w i.a
ci?ith?oueny a oe?ieeo iaaeao ye a ieai?, oae ? ii aeeaei? ianeao
(onooio, ea?’??o). Eiao?oe??io aa??aoe?? SYMBOL 119 \f “Symbol” \s 14 w
i.a ia aa?oi?o aeiaoaieo ai?eciioao aeinyaa? 30 – 60%, a ia ieaei?o
SYMBOL 190 \f “Symbol” \s 14 3/4 ciaioo?oueny aei 10 – 20%. Noaoenoe/i?
?iciiae?ee aaee/eie SYMBOL 119 \f “Symbol” \s 14 w i.a ia aa?oi?o
ai?eciioao ae??aiththoueny, ye i?aaeei, e?eaeie I??niia, ia ieaei?o –
ii?iaeueieie e?eaeie, a a oe?eiio ii ea?’??o – e?eaeie I??niia (ia
ii/aoeo ? a e?ioe? ia??iaeo aenieoaoaoe?? ?iaeiaeua, eiee ia?aaaaeathoue
i’ye? aai i?oei? ii?iaee) ? ii?iaeueieie e?eaeie (a na?aaeei? ia??iaeo,
eiee aeiaoai? ?iaioe i?iaiaeyoueny ia an?o ?iai/eo ai?eciioao), oiaoi
caeii ?iciiae?eo caeaaeeoue a?ae ni?aa?aeiioaiiy i’yeeo ? i?oeieo
ii??ae, ye? aeiaoaathoueny, ? ci?ith?oueny i?ioyaii ia??iaeo ?ic?iaee
?iaeiaeua. Aecia/ai? ia?aiao?e ?iciiae?eo ii eiaeiiio ea?’??o.
Aeiaaaeaii, ui aia?ai?ii?noue ao??iiy iaeiioeiieie ao?iaeie noaieaie ia
iaeii?iaiieo ?iaeiaeuao, ye i?aaeei, nooo?ai a?ae??ciy?oueny (ia 5 –
70%), ui na?ae/eoue i?i iaiao?aei?noue noai?aiiy noaoenoe/ieo iiaeaeae
aeey eiaeiiai ?iaeiaeua.

Anoaiiaeaii, ui ieoiia aia?ai?ii?noue aeneaaaoe?? iaei ci?ith?oueny ii
ieiu? ? aeeaei? aeiaoaieo ai?eciio?a ? a?eueoith i??ith caeaaeeoue a?ae
yeino? iiae??aiaiiy a??ie/i? iane ? eaoaai??e ii??ae ca o?oaeiiuaie
aeneaaaoe??. Aeine?aeaeaii aieea ??cieo oaeoi??a ia aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy
aeneaaaoi??a, ao?iaeo noaie?a ? ea?’???a a oe?eiio.

?ic?iaeai? iniiai? iai?yiee ? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ? no?oeoo?ia noaia nenoaie oi?aae?iiy iei.
Cai?iiiiiaaiee e?eoa??e aeiiii?/ii? aeioe?eueiino? ? /a?aiaino?
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy caoiae?a i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy: C?
SYMBOL 163 \f “Symbol” \s 14 F C SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d , aea
C? ? C SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d – i?eaaaeai? cao?aoe ia
cae?eniaiiy oaoiieia?/ii? iia?aoe?? (i?ioeano, aeaeo ?iaioe) a
?ic?aooieiaiio ? aaciaiio ?ieao. Cia/aiiy aaee/ei C? ? C SYMBOL 100 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 d aecia/athoueny ca oi?ioeaie, iaaaaeaieo a ?iaio?.

I?e C?=C SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d i?aei?e?inoai io?eia? aeiiii?th
aeaeo?iaia?a?? i?e a?aenooiino? i?eaooeo. ?acii c oei ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
caoiae?a ii aeeo?icaa?aaeaiith ia iiaeiii iia??ooaaoe aeiiii?/i?
iieacieee i?aei?e?inoaa. Iiaeia iinoaaeoe oiiao, uia aoaeoeai?noue oeeo
caoiae?a aoea ia iaioith aoaeoeaiino? ae?iaieoeoaa i?iaeoeoe??:

(1)

aea I? ? Ci – a?aeiia?aeii i?eaooie ? nia?aa?o?noue i?iaeoeoe??, ye?
ieaiothoueny ia ?ic?aooieiaee ??e. Oiiaa (1) iiaea neoaeeoe oaeiae
e?eoa???i ia?oi/a?aiaino? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy caoiae?a ii
aeaeo?icaa?aaeaiith. An? ?io? caoiaee (c iaioei i?eaooeii)
ai?iaaaeaeothoueny a ae?oao /a?ao. I?e iayaiino? eiieo?oth/eo aa??aio?a
? iacia/i?e ??cieoe? i?ae cia/aiiyie C? ( SYMBOL 177 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ±
5%) ia?aaaaa iaaea?oueny aa??aioo c a?eueoith aeiiii??th aeaeo?iaia?a??.

O?ao?e ?icae?e i?enay/aiee ?ic?iaoe? iaoiae?a ? iiaeaeae ?ic?aooieo
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ? nenoai oi?aae?iiy iei. Aiae?c aieeao ??cieo
oaeoi??a ia oi?ioaaiiy iaeneiaeueieo iaaaioaaeaiue iieacaa, ui a
e?ioeaaiio i?aenoieo iane?aeee ae?? oeo /e ?ioeo oaeoi??a caiaeyoueny
aei ciaioaiiy aai ca?eueoaiiy ao?iaeo, aeiaoaieo aai ane?eoieo ?ia?o.
Cai?iiiiiaaii aeei?enoaoe oe? oaeoi?e aeey iiaoaeiae ei?aeyoe?eii?
iiaeae? i?iaiico iaeneiaeueieo iieaa?oaeueieo iaaaioaaeaiue, ui
cayaeythoueny. Aeey oiia Ai?aainueeiai ea?’??o oaea iiaeaeue, c
a?aooaaiiyi ai??i?ii? ?ioi?iaoe??, ia? aeaeyae:

(2)

c iniiaiith iioeaeith SYMBOL 115 \f “Symbol” \s 14 s = 0,085 IAo,

– i?iaiicia aaee/eia iaeneiaeueiiai iaaaioaaeaiiy i?aei?e?inoaa ia
IV-e eaa?oae N + 1 ?ieo (N – iioi/iee ??e); Ia.iIV, I SYMBOL 100 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 d IV – a?aeiia?aeii iaea?eueoa na?aaeiuei/aniaa
i?iaeoeoeai?noue ea?’??o ii a??ie/?e ian? ? ao??iith; SYMBOL 68 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 D ?30IV – caieaiiaaia ca?eueoaiiy aai ciaioaiiy
iaeneiaeueiiai iaaaioaaeaiiy ia IV-e eaa?oae N+1 ?ieo (coieiea
iaeaaeiaiiy aeey ?aiiioo /e ?aeiino?oeoe?? ? o.?i.).

?ao?iniaeoeaia ia?aa??ea iiaeae? iieacaea, ui iioeaea i?iaiico ia
aeoiaeeoue ca iaae? SYMBOL 177 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ± 5%.

A iniiao cai?iiiiiaaiiai iaoiaeo «oaoiieia?/ieo ii?i» iieeaaeai?
?iaeea?aeoaeuei? aa?aaaoi? ieoii? aeo?aoe aeaeo?iaia?a??, ye?
aecia/athoueny aenia?eiaioaeueiei niiniaii ca iaaieo ae?iaie/eo oiia
?iaioe iaeaaeiaiiy. ?iaeea?aeoaeueia oaoiieia?/ia ii?ia aeo?ao
aeaeo?iaia?a?? ia aeneaaaoe?th a??ie/eo ii??ae:

SYMBOL 119 \f “Symbol” \s 14 w o.oijs = Kae SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s
14 * Ki SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * I( SYMBOL 119 \f “Symbol” \s 14
w iijs). (3)

Na?aaeiueicaaaeai? a?oiia? ii?ie ia aeneaaaoe?th ii?iaee ?-? eaoaai??? ?
aeneaaaoi?i? ?iaioe:

. (4)

A oi?ioeao (3) SYMBOL 184 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ? (4): I( SYMBOL 119 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 w oijs) – iaoaiaoe/ia niiae?aaiiy ieoiii? aeo?aoe
aeaeo?iaia?a?? ia aeneaaaoe?th ii?iaee ?-? eaoaai??? i?e aeei?enoaii?
aeneaaaoi?a oeio j ? o?ainii?oiiai caniao oeio S, eAo SYMBOL 215 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 * a/o.; Eae = 1,05 SYMBOL 184 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ? 1,1 –
eiao?oe??io, yeee a?aoiao? aeo?aoe aeaeo?iaia?a?? ia aeiiii?aei?
oaoiieia?/i? iia?aoe??; Ei = 1,01-1,03 – eiao?oe??io, yeee a?aoiao?
aeo?aoe aeaeo?iaia?a?? ia ia?ai?uaiiy aeneaaaoi??a ca iaae? iaaacia/ii?
ciie aeaooo; Iijs – ieaiiaee ia’?i ?ia?o ia aeneaaaoe?th ii?iaee ?-?
eaoaai??? j-i aeneaaaoi?ii a s-e o?ainii?oiee can?a.

?iaeea?aeoaeueia oaoiieia?/ia ii?ia ia ao??iiy ii?iaee:

(5)

aea I( SYMBOL 119 \f “Symbol” \s 14 w iij) – iaoaiaoe/ia niiaeiaaiiy
aeo?ao aeaeo?iaia?a?? ia ao??iiy 1 i.i. naa?aeeiaeie noaieii ?-ai oeio
ia j-io aeiaoaiiio ai?eciio?; SYMBOL 119 \f “Symbol” \s 14 w i.aen –
ieoiia aeo?aoa aeaeo?iaia?a?? ia aeeiiaiiy n-? aeiiii?aeii?
oaoiieia?/ii? iia?aoe??; N – e?euee?noue aeiiii?aeieo oaoiieia?/ieo
iia?aoe?e.

A ?iaio? iaaaaeai?: oeiiaa no?oeoo?a ii?i, iaoaiaoe/i? niiaeiaaiiy
ieoiieo aeo?ao aeaeo?iaia?a?? ia aeeiiaiiy iaeeieoe? ?ia?o aeey ??cieo
a??ie/eo iaoei, aeiaoaieo ai?eciio?a ? ea?’???a, aeai? i?i aeiiii?aei?
oaoiieia?/i? iia?aoe?? ? oi?ioee aeey aecia/aiiy caaaeueiiae?iaie/eo
oeaoiaeo, caaiaenueeeo ? aaeocaaeo ii?i ? aeiiii?aeieo iio?aa.

Aia?oa cai?iiiiiaaiee iaoiae aecia/aiiy ? ii?ioaaiiy ao?ao a aeaeo?e/ieo
ea?’??ieo ia?aaeao a caeaaeiino? a?ae anoaiiaeaieo ia ?ic?aooieiaee
ia??iae ieoiieo ii?i (aac ao?ao). Ii?ie ao?ao aecia/athoueny ca
oi?ioeaie:

– a aeeaey/eo eaaaeyo a??ie/eo iaoei ? iaoai?ci?a

; (6)

– a aeeaey/eo o?ainoi?iaoi?ao a??ie/eo iaoei ? iaoai?ci?a

; (7)

– a oeaoia?e ?iciiae?eue/?e ia?aae?

; (8)

– a oeaoia?e ?iciiae?eue/?e ia?aae? i?e ae?iaieoeoa? e?eueeio aeae?a
ii?iiaaii? i?iaeoeoe??

; (9)

– a caaaeueiiio aeaiaio? ia?aae?, /a?ac yeee iaea?aeothoue aeeaeaiiy
aeae?eueea oeao?a (i?aeoeaoia? ia?aae?), ye? aeioneathoue iaeei /e
aeae?eueea aeae?a i?iaeoeoe??

; (10)

– a caaaeueiiio aeaiaio? ia?aae? o aeiaaeeo aeeaeaiiy e?eueeio oeao?a c
??ciith ci?ii?noth ?iaioe

; (11)

A oi?ioeao (6) SYMBOL 184 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ? (11) : SYMBOL 119 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 w iij, SYMBOL 119 \f “Symbol” \s 14 w i.oe, SYMBOL 119
\f “Symbol” \s 14 w i.oei, SYMBOL 119 \f “Symbol” \s 14 w i.oeij –
?iaeea?aeoaeueia ? oeaoia? ii?ie, a?aeiia?aeii, ia ae?iaieoeoai
iaeeieoe? i?iaeoeoe?? ?-i aa?aaaoii ia j-io ai?eciio?; aac ao?ao a
o?ainoi?iaoi?ao ? aeeaey/eo eaaaeyo; i?e ae?iaieoeoa? ?-ai aeaeo
i?iaeoeoe??; ia ae?iaieoeoai ?-ai aeaeo i?iaeoeoe?? a j-io oeaoo; toij –
na?aaei?e /an aeeiiaiiy iaeeieoe? ?iaioe (i?iaeoeoe??) ?-i aa?aaaoii ia
j-io ai?eciio?; Eoij, Eo.oe, Eo.a – eiao?oe??ioe oi?ie a?ao?e?a
iaaaioaaeaiue, a?aeiia?aeii, ?-ai aa?aaaoo i?e eiai ?iaio? ia j-io
ai?eciio?, oeaoo ? caaaeueiiai aeaiaioo; Rij, Re.oe, Rae – aeoeai? iii?e
a?aeiia?aeii, eaaaeth ?-ai aa?aaaoo, ui i?aoeth? ia j-io ai?eciio?;
ia?aae oeaoo (aea?aaeaioiee), caaaeueiiai aeaiaioo; Uiij, Ui –
iii?iaeueia aai na?aaeiy oaeoe/ia iai?oaa aeeaeaiiy ?-ai aa?aaaoo, ui
i?aoeth? ia j-io ai?eciio?; ia?aae oeaoo aai caaaeueiiai aeaiaioo; tg
SYMBOL 106 \f “Symbol” \s 14 j ij, tg SYMBOL 106 \f “Symbol” \s 14 j oe,
tg SYMBOL 106 \f “Symbol” \s 14 j a – oa ae, eiao?oe??ioe ?aaeoeaii?
iiooaeiino?; O? – eaeaiaea?iee /an ?iaioe oeaoo (oeao?a) a
?ic?aooieiaiio ia??iae?; Iij, Ioe, Ioe?, Ioeij – ieai ae?iaieoeoaa,
a?aeiia?aeii, aeey ?-ai aa?aaaoo, ui i?aoeth? ia j-io ai?eciio?; oeaoo;
?-ai aeaeo i?iaeoeoe??; ?-ai aeaeo i?iaeoeoe?? a j-io oeaoo.

Aecia/aiiy ao?ao aeaeo?iaia?a?? a caeaaeiino? a?ae aaee/ei SYMBOL 119
\f “Symbol” \s 14 w i ? I aeicaiey? oieeiooe cacia/aieo aeua iioeaie
(?icae. ?), a?aoiaoaaoe ci?io oiia ? ?aaeeio ?iaioe iaeaaeiaiiy a
?ic?aooieiaiio ?ioe?, ii?ioaaoe nai? ao?aoe ? aeinyaaoe a?eueoi?
oi/iino? ?ic?aooie?a.

Cai?iiiiiaaii ianea, ui iaao?th?oueny, ? ianea, ?iciooaiee ianiaei
aeaooii, aaaaeaoe ia’?eoaie ieaioaaiiy, eiio?ieth ? iae?eo a??ie/eo
?ia?o ? aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy. Ca aeiiiiiaith iaoiaeo *aaeoaaa iiaoaeiaai?
ei?aeyoe?ei? iiaeae? i?iaiicoaaiiy ieoiii? aia?ai?iiino? ao??iiy aeey
ianeao ii??ae, ui iaao?th?oueny, a oiiaao Iieiinueeiai ea?’??o:

(12)

? iaoaiaoe/i? niiae?aaiiy aeiaaeeiaeo aaee/ei. ?ao?iniaeoeaia
ia?aa??ea iieacaea, ui iioeaea i?iaiico ia aeoiaeeoue ca iaae?:+0,13
SYMBOL 184 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ? -1,5%. Iiaoaeiaai? oaeiae iiaeae? aeey
i?iaiicoaaiiy ieoiiiai aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ia aeneaaaoe?th ?iciooaiiai
aeaooii ianeao a??ie/eo ii??ae.

I?e aeiaaino?ieiaiio i?iaiicoaaii? aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy i?iiiio?oueny
aeei?enoiaoaaoe e?ea? ?iciiae?eo ieoiii? aia?ai?iiino? a?aeiia?aeiiai
oaoiieia?/iiai i?ioeano (noaoenoe/i? iiaeae? ?iaeiaeu):

(13)

aea Wa.o- i?iaiic aeo?ao aeaeo?iaia?a?? ia ia??iae O; n – e?euee?noue
oaoiieia?/ieo i?ioean?a; m – e?euee?noue a??ie/eo iaoei; SYMBOL 119 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 w i.s – ieoiia aia?ai?ii?noue ?-ai oaoiieia?/iiai
i?ioeano, yeee aeeiio?oueny j-i iaoai?ciii (/e a?oiith iaoai?ci?a) i?e
s-e /anoio? ooieoe?? ?iciiae?eo; E – e?euee?noue ?ic?yaeieo /anoio; Iij
– ia’?i ?iaioe aeey j-ai aa?aaaoo a ?-io oaoiieia?/iiio i?ioean?, yeee
aoaea aeeiioaaoenue a i?iaiiciiio ia??iae? O; SYMBOL 106 \f “Symbol” \s
14 j s – s-oa ?ic?yaeia /anoioa ooieoe?? ?iciiae?eo; Wa.aet – aeo?aoe
aeaeo?iaia?a?? ia aeiiii?aei? iio?aae i?aei?e?inoaa a t-io ?ioe?.

A /aoaa?oiio ?icae?e? iaa?oioiao?oueny iaiao?aei?noue noai?aiiy nenoai
iae?eo ? eiio?ieth aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a??ie/eo iaoei ? niinia?a oa
oaoi?/ieo cania?a aei??thaaiiy oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae a??ie/eo
ii??ae (a oaii? i?ioeano). Ia iniia? aiae?co a?aeiieo niinia?a ?
oaoi?/ieo cania?a oa ?acoeueoao?a aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue
noi?ioeueiaai? aeiiae aei e?eoa???a ao?eiino? ? aeneaaaoe?? a??ie/eo
ii??ae. ?yae iaaeie?e?a a?aeiieo niinia?a iiaeia oieeiooe, yeui aia?a?th
iaa?oaiiy ? oeneo ao?iaiai noaao ia aea?e naa?aeeiaeie a?aoiaoaaoe
?ioaa?aeueii ca aeiiiiiaith aeaeo?ie?/eeueiee?a o aeaeyae? aia?a??, yea
niiaeeaa?oueny aeaeaoiaie iaa?oa/a ? a?ae?iianina. Oiae? ieoiio aia?a?th
?oeioaaiiy ii?iaee o aeai? naa?aeeiaeie (ia iaeeieoeth ia’?io) iiaeia
aecia/eoe ca oi?ioeith:

(14)

aea Di – ae?aiao? naa?aeeiaeie; SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D S –
aeiaaeeia ae?eueieoe? naa?aeeiaeie, i?ney cae?i/aiiy ao??iiy yei?
cae?enith?oueny ?a?no?aoe?y iieacaiue i?eeaae?a; Wa.ia, Wa.ai –
a?aeiia?aeii, niiaeeaaiiy aeoeaii? aia?a?? aeaeaoiaie iaa?oa/a ?
a?ae?iianina ca ia??iae ao??iiy naa?aeeiaeie aeiaaeeiith SYMBOL 68 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 D S.

Cai?iiiiiaaiee a?eueo ?ioi?iaoeaiee ? c?o/iee aeey aei??thaaiiy e?eoa??e
ao?eiino? a??ie/eo ii??ae – iiaia ieoiia aia?ai?ii?noue ao??iiy SYMBOL
119 \f “Symbol” \s 14 w i. SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d (eAo SYMBOL
215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * a/i.i.):

(15)

aea ti – o?eaae?noue ao??iiy iaeiiai iao?a naa?aeeiaeie; ?ia, ?ai –
na?aaeiy aeoeaia iiooaei?noue, yea niiaeeaa?oueny a?aeiia?aeii,
aeaeo?iaeaeaoiaie iaa?oa/a ? a?ae?iianina ca ia??iae to; taei –
o?eaae?noue aeeiiaiiy ?-? aeiiii?aeii? oaoiieia?/ii? iia?aoe??; ?ae? –
na?aaeiy aeoeaia iiooaei?noue, yea niiaeeaa?oueny ao?iaei noaieii ca
ia??iae taei; ?i.ae – noia?ia aeoeaia iiooaei?noue, yea niiaeeaa?oueny
i?eeia/aie nenoaie i?iaeoaee ? aeiiii?aeieo iio?aa ca ia??iae ti; N –
e?euee?noue i?iao?aieo iao??a naa?aeeiaeie; n – e?euee?noue aeiiii?aeieo
oaoiieia?/ieo iia?aoe?e.

Anoaiiaeaii, ui cia/aiiy aaee/ei ?ia, ?ai ? ti a i?ioean? ao??iiy
ci?iththoueny a oe?ieeo iaaeao. I?e oeueiio oe? aaee/eie ?
aca?iicaeaaei? i?ae niaith, a aaee/eia ti = f(?ia, ?ai). Ia?oa neeaaeiaa
ae?aco (15) iaea?eueoith i??ith a?aeia?aaea? aeeiai?eo SYMBOL 119 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 w i. SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d . Ci?ia
o?ceei-iaoai?/ieo aeanoeainoae ii??ae canoaaey? iaoei?no?a ci?ithaaoe
ia?aiao?e ?aaeeio ao??iiy n(/anoioo iaa?oaiiy ao?iaiai noaao) ? F
(inueiaee oene ia aea?e naa?aeeiaeie), ui a naith /a?ao i?ecaiaeeoue aei
ci?ie aaee/ei ?ia, ?ai ? ti. Ae?oaa neeaaeiaa ae?aco (15) oaae
a?aeia?aaea? aeeiai?eo SYMBOL 119 \f “Symbol” \s 14 w i. SYMBOL 100 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 d (i?e ?i.ae = const aiia ci?ith?oueny i?iii?oe?eii ti).
O?aoy neeaaeiaa ia aieeaa? ia aeeiai?eo SYMBOL 119 \f “Symbol” \s 14 w
i. SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d (oe? aeo?aoe ?iciiae?eythoueny ia
eiaeiee i?iao?aiee iao? naa?aeeiaeie ??aieie aeiaaaeaie). Ie??i
o?ceei-iaoai?/ieo aeanoeainoae ii??ae, ia ci?io aaee/eie SYMBOL 119 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 w i. SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d aieeaathoue ?io?
oaeoi?e: aeeaeia ao??iiy, oei ao?iaiai noaiea ? ?ino?oiaioa, caooieaiiy
oa?ioee, ii?ooaii?noue ii?iaee ianiaeie aeaooaie, iaaiaeiaii?noue
ii??ae, naciii?noue. Oei ao?iaeo noaie?a ? ?ino?oiaio?a a?aoiao?oueny
onoaiiaeaiiyi aeey eiaeiiai c ieo a?aeiia?aeii? oeaee ao?eiino?, a
aeeaeia – iiaoaeiaith oeae ao?eiino? a oe?eiio aeey ?iaeiaeua. Iaieio/a
caooieaiiy oa?ioee aei iiiaioo ?? cai?ie, iaaiaeiaii?noue ii??ae,
ii?ooaii?noue ianeao aeaooiaeie ?iaioaie iiaeia aaaaeaoe ye aea?aaeaioio
ci?io aeanoeainoae a??ie/eo ii??ae ?, a?aeiia?aeii, ?o ao?eiino?.

Aeey aeyniaiiy aieeao iiaeeeaeo a?aeoeeaiue ia?aiao??a n i F a?ae
iioeiaeueieo cia/aiue ia oi/i?noue ioe?iee ao?eiino? a??ie/eo ii??ae
i?iaaaeai? aenia?eiaioe, ?acoeueoaoe yeeo iaaaaeai? a ?iaio? o aeaeyae?
oaaeeoeue ? iiaoaeiaaieo caeaaeiinoae SYMBOL 119 \f “Symbol” \s 14 w i.
SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d =f(n, F). ?o aiae?c iieacaa, ui iacia/ia
iaoi/i?noue onoaiiaee ia?aiao??a ao??iiy n i F (1-2%) ia aieeaa? ?noioii
ia ci?io aaee/eie SYMBOL 119 \f “Symbol” \s 14 w i. SYMBOL 100 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 d , yea ia’?eoeaii a?aeia?aaea? ii?? ii??ae aeaiiio aeaeo
?oeioaaiiy. ?ic?iaeai? iaoiae ? iaeao i?ia?ai ia?iaee aenia?eiaioaeueieo
aeaieo ? iiaoaeiae oaoiieia?/ieo oeae ao?eiino? ii??ae ia IAII. sse
i?eeeaae a oaae.1 iieacai? oeaee ao?eiino? aeey ao?iaeo noaie?a
Iieiinueeiai ea?’??o (?iaeiaeua a?ai?o?a).

Oaaeeoey 1.

Oaoiieia?/i? oeaee ao?eiino? a??ie/eo ii??ae.

Eaoaai??y ii??ae Iiaia ieoiia aia?ai?ii?noue ao??iiy, eAo SYMBOL 215 \f
“Symbol” \s 12 * a/i SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 12 * i

ii OeAIO NAO-320 NAO-250 NAIE-5

VII – – 0,241-0,250

VIII – 6,06-7,96 0,251-0,260

IX – 7,97-8,07 0,261-0,280

X – 8,08-10,77 0,281-0,320

XI – 10,78-11,42 0,321-0,364

XII 11,86-14,26 11,43-14,19 0,365-0,400

XIII 14,27-15,79 14,20-16,89 0,401-0,450

XIV 15,80-19,18 16,90-19,66 0,451-0,520

XV 19,19-20,85 19,67-25,10 0,521-0,560

XVI 20,86-23,44 25,11-28,02 0,561-0,630

XVII 23,45-25,55 28,03-34,83 0,631-0,690

XVIII 24,56-29,08 34,84-39,35 0,691-0,790

Cai?iiiiiaaii e?eoa??? ? niiniae aei??thaaiiy eaoaai??e ii??ae ca
o?oaeiiuaie aeneaaaoe?? ? ioe?iee yeino? ianiaeo aeaoo?a. ?ic?iaeaii
eiiieaen oaoi?/ieo cania?a aei??thaaiiy ao?eiino?, aeao/ee aeeaeie
ao??iiy naa?aeeiaeie ? nenoaia aei??thaaiiy eaoaai??e ii??ae ca
o?oaeiiuaie aeneaaaoe?? ? yeino? ianiaeo aeaoo?a. Noai?ai?
aenia?eiaioaeuei? c?acee i?e?ii?ioeani?ii? nenoaie iae?eo ? eiio?ieth
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ao?iaeo noaie?a ? aei??thaaiiy ao?eiino? ii??ae ?
aeao/eea aeeaeie ao??iiy. Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy o ae?iaieoeoai aeaieo ?ic?iaie
aeicaiey? iiaiith i??ith ?ica’ycaoe i?iaeaio iaea?aeaiiy ?ioi?iaoe?? i?i
oaoiieia?/i? aeanoeaino? a??ie/eo ii??ae ? ia oe?e iniia? i?aeaeueoe
aoaeoeai?noue aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ? a??ie/eo ?ia?o a oe?eiio.

I’yoee ?icae?e i?enay/aiee ?ic?iaoe? iaoiae?a ?ic?aooieo EO ? nenoaie
aca?ii?ic?aooie?a ca eiiiainaoe?th. Noi?ioeueiaai? aeiiae uiaei E?I ?
oi?aae?iiy EO.

C iaoith i?aeaeuaiiy oi/iino? ?ic?aooie?a ?ic?iaeaia iiaa oeaea ieoiieo
aa?oinoae AE c a?aooaaiiyi ?o oeio, ?iaeo onoaiiaee, iai?oae, niiniao
oi?aae?iiy, e?eueeino? ?aaoeueiaaieo naeoe?e ? iino?eii? neeaaeiai?
cao?ao ia E?I a oe?iao 1990?. (oaae.2).

Oaaeeoey 2.

Oeaea ieoiieo aa?oinoae aaoa?ae eiiaeainaoi??a.

Niin?a onoaiiaee, iii?iaeueia iai?oaa Ieoiia aa?o?noue AE, o SYMBOL 215
\f “Symbol” \s 13 * e?a./IAa? (e?a/eAa?)

Ia?aaoeueiaaieo aeey ia?aae ?aaoeueiaaieo aaoiiaoe/ii i?e e?eueeino?
naeoe?e I?e ?iaeea?aeoaeueiiio

i?e?aeiaii? aei

aeaeo?ii?eeia/a

ina?oethaaeueieo neeiaeo 1 2 3 – 6

AE aioo??oiuei? onoaiiaee:

0,38 eA 7,0 10,0 11,0 11,5 15,0 5,4

6(10) eA – 4,7 8,5 12,5 – 4,0

AE ciai?oiuei? onoaiiaee:

6(10)eA – 4,5 7,5 11,0 – –

AE noiaiia? 6(10)eA – 4,2 – – – –

?ica’ycaiiy aeiiii?/ii? caaea/? E?I i?iiiio?oueny iaoiaeii «a?aie/ieo
cao?ao» oeyoii i?i?i?caoe?? oe?eueiai? ooieoe??:

(16)

– ae?aaiiaeueia iao?eoey eiao?oe??io?a Ni?/KoUi?2; (Ni? – ieoiia
aa?o?noue ao?ao a ?-e a?ooe? noaie cai?uaiiy ia?aae i?aenenoaie; Ui? –
iii?iaeueia aai na?aaeiy oaeoe/ia iai?oaa a ?-e a?ooe?; Ei – eiao?oe??io
a?aeoeeaiiy oaeoe/iiai iioiei?iciiae?eo a?ae iioeiaeueiiai cia/aiiy (ca
oiiaith i?i?ioio ao?ao)):

(17)

, io?eia?ii iioeiaeueia cia/aiiy A?I aeey ia?aae i?aenenoaie:

(18)

a – iao?eoey ?aaeoeaieo iaaaioaaeaiue a?oie noaie aea?aaa.

Aeoiaey/e c oiiae aaeaino ?I ia aaiae? ia?aae i?aenenoaie ? aecia/aiiy
aaee/eie SYMBOL 121 \f “Symbol” \s 14 y , ciaoiaeeii:

Qe = SYMBOL 89 \f “Symbol” \s 14 Y iioQi; aiio = 1 – SYMBOL 89 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 Y iio; Qeo = Qi – Qa = aiioQi,
(19)

aea aiio – iioeiaeueia noai?iue E?I a ia?aaeao i?aenenoaie; Qeo –
iioeiaeueia iiooaei?noue EO, ye? aeioe?eueii onoaiiaeoe a ia?aaeao
i?aenenoaie.

Aeey ei?eaoaaiiy aeiiii?/ii? caaea/? cai?iiiiiaai? aeai?eoi ? i?ia?aia
ia IAII ? a?aoi-aiae?oe/iee iaoiae. Nii/aoeo aecia/athoueny i?eaaaeai?
cao?aoe ia E?I ca oiiae cieaeaiiy ao?ao a ia?aae? i?aenenoaie i?e
SYMBOL 89 \f “Symbol” \s 14 Y = SYMBOL 89 \f “Symbol” \s 14 Y iio:

, (20)

aeae? – aeiiii?y i?eaaaeaieo cao?ao SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D C ?
i?eaaaeai? cao?aoe i?ney ciaioaiiy iiooaeiino? o?ainoi?iaoi??a ? EAI,
ui i?iaeoothoueny, aai a?aeaeaeaiiy ?aeiino?oeoe?? ae?th/eo:

(21)

SYMBOL 162 \f “Symbol” \s 14 c – nei?eaiaaia ae?aaiiaeueia iao?eoey
aeoeaieo iii??a a?oie noaie cai?uaiiy ia?aae i?aenenoaie; SYMBOL 89 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 Y SYMBOL 162 \f “Symbol” \s 14 c iio – iiaa (cieaeaia)
iioeiaeueia cia/aiiy A?I, i?e yeiio aeeiio?oueny oiiaa C2 SYMBOL 163 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 F C1.

A?aoi-aiae?oe/iee iaoiae ei?eaoaaiiy iieyaa? a ianooiiiio. Ia ?en. 1
aaee/eia SYMBOL 89 \f “Symbol” \s 14 Y iio ? C1 i?eeiyo? ca 100% (oi/ea
ia?aoeio eii?aeeiao). Aaee/eia SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D C*
aecia/a?oueny a % a?ae C1: SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D C* = ( SYMBOL
68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D C/C1)100. Iaea?aeaia aaee/eia SYMBOL 68 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 D C* a?aeeeaaea?oueny ia in? i?aeeiao. Ia?aoei i?yii?
SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D C* c a?aeiia?aeiith e?eaith SYMBOL 68 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 D C = f( SYMBOL 89 \f “Symbol” \s 14 Y iio, SYMBOL 68 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 D SYMBOL 89 \f “Symbol” \s 14 Y aeiae) aea? ia in?
aanoeen aeiionoeia aeiaeaoeiaa cieaeaiiy A?I SYMBOL 89 \f “Symbol” \s
14 Y iio aei aaee/eie SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D SYMBOL 89 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 Y aeiae(%), yea a?aeiia?aea? oiia? C2 SYMBOL 163 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 F C1. Oiae? iiaa cia/aiiy aaee/eie A?I: SYMBOL 89 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 Y ‘iio=( SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D SYMBOL 89 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 Y aeiae SYMBOL 89 \f “Symbol” \s 14 Y iio)/100. sseui
i?yia SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D C* ia ia?aoeia?oueny c
a?aeiia?aeiith e?eaith SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D C*=f( SYMBOL 89 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 Y iio, SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D SYMBOL 89 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 Y aeiae), oiaoi eaaeeoue aeua oe??? e?eai?, oi a ia?aaeao
aeaii? i?aenenoaie aeiiii?/ii aeioe?eueia iiaia E?I. Aeae?
aecia/athoueny iia? cia/aiiy aaee/ei Qa, aiio, Qeo. ?ic?aooiee
iieacothoue, ui a?aooaaiiy aeiaeaoeiaiai aoaeoo SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol”
\s 14 D C aeicaiey? aeiiii?/ii iaa?oiooaaoe a?eueo aenieo noai?iue E?I ?
iaa?oue iiaio eiiiainaoe?th oa ?noioii ciaioeoe ao?aoe a ia?aaeao
i?aenenoaie.

Ae?th/? ii?iaoeai? aeieoiaioe ii i?iaeooaaiith E?I ?aeiiaiaeothoue
i?iii?oe?eiee ?iciiae?e AE na?aae aoce?a ia?aae i?aei?e?inoa. ?c ?en.2
aeaeii, ui i?iii?oe?eiee ?iciiae?e AE i?ecaiaeeoue aei ca?eueoaiiy
cao?ao ia ia?aaea/o ?I i?e c?inoaii? Ei ? SYMBOL 89 \f “Symbol” \s 14 Y
iio. Ca e?eoa??e aeiionoeiino? i?iii?oe?eiiai ?iciiae?eo i?eeiyoa
aaee/eia ca?eueoaiiy cao?ao ii??aiyii c iioeiaeueiei ?iciiae?eii.
I?iii?oe?eiee ?iciiae?e aeiionoeiee, yeui ca?eueoaiiy cao?ao ia
aeoiaeeoue ca iaae? oi/iino? ?ic?aooieo ? aeo?aeieo aeaieo (iai?eeeaae,
5%). Ca iaaieo oiia canoinoaaiiy i?iii?oe?eiiai ?iciiae?eo aeicaiey?
ciaiooaaoe ianyae ? o?eaae?noue ?ic?aooie?a aai iaa?oiooaaoe
canoinoaaiiy iioei?caoe?eiiai iaoiaeo ?iciiae?eo. Iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue
aeey ?ica’ycaiiy aaeainiai? caaea/? (aecia/aiiy A?I ia aaiaeao aoce?a AN
? niiaeeaa/?a):

(22)

– iao?eoey c’?aeiaiue a?oie aeey ?ic?ieiaii? ia?aae?), iaea?aeeii:

(23)

Cai?iiiiiaaia iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue ?ica’ycaiiy aaeainiai? caaea/? c
a?aooaaiiyi iaonoaiiaee a aeayeeo aoceao EO aai (?) a?aenooiino?
oi?aae?iiy ieie:

(24)

e = 0 i SYMBOL 182 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ¶ F/ SYMBOL 182 \f “Symbol” \s 14
¶ SYMBOL 108 \f “Symbol” \s 14 l = 0, ae?noaiaii:

(25)

?ic?iaeaiee iaoiae ei?eaoaaiiy ?ica’yceo aaeainiai? caaea/?, yeee ia
aeiaaa? a i?ioean? ei?eaoaaiiy ci?ie no?oeoo?e ia?aae. A iniiao iaoiaea
iieeaaeai? i?eioeei oiiaii? ci?ie aeoeaieo iii??a ao?aeieo a?oie a o?
aocee, a yeeo iaiiaeeeaa onoaiiaea AE aai ia aeeiiothoueny oaoi?/i?
iaiaaeaiiy, ? ?oa?aoeaia i?ioeaaeo?a ?o aecia/aiiy. I?e ia?aoiae? a?ae
n-? aei n+1 ?oa?aoe?? aeei?enoaiee i?eioeei iaeiaioeo ao?ao. Aaee/eia
iii?o ?-? a?oee a eiaei?e ianooii?e n+1 ?oa?aoe?? aecia/a?oueny ca
oi?ioeith:

(26)

aea (Qa?)n – iioeiaeueia ?I, yea ?iciiae?ey?oueny a ?-o a?oeo i?e n-e
?oa?aoe??; rin – aeoeaiee ii?? ?-? a?oee i?e n-e ?oa?aoe??. Aeaiee
iaoiae a?eueo c?o/iee c oi/ee ci?o ?ic?iaee i?ia?ai ia AII.

Ia?aaeaa/aia iiaeeea?noue ei?eaoaaiiy aaeainiai? caaea/? c iaoith
a?aooaaiiy oaeoe/ieo ??ai?a iai?oae o aoceao ia?aae i?aenenoaie (i?e
iayaiino? oaei? ?ioi?iaoe??).

Ii?yae c nenoaiieie ?ic?aooieaie ii aecia/aiith A?I aeey
iaaaioa-aeoaaeueieo aoce?a AN ? niiaeeaa/?a cai?iiiiiaaii aecia/aoe A?I
c iiceoe?? ie?aiiai niiaeeaa/a oeyoii i?i?i?caoe?? oe?eueiai? ooieoe??:

(27)

aea Ci.i1 – ieoii? cao?aoe i?aei?e?inoaa ia ?I ? aia?a?th, ye?
niiaeeaathoueny ?c ia?aae? AN; Ci.i2 – aea?aaeaioi? ieoii? cao?aoe ia
ia?aaea/o ?I ii ia?aae? i?aei?e?inoaa. Ca oiiaith SYMBOL 182 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 ¶ C/ SYMBOL 182 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ¶ SYMBOL 89 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 Y =0 io?eio?ii:

(28)

Aeae? aeeiiothoue ei?eaoaaiiy aaee/eie Qe.i aiaeia?/ii ye aeey ia?aae
i?aenenoaie ? ?? ii??aiyiiy c A?I, yeo caaeaea AN. Ca aeo?aeio aaee/eio
aeey iiaeaeueoeo ?ic?aooie?a i?eeia?oueny iaioa ?c iaea?aeaieo A?I.

Cai?iiiiiaai? ? aeeeaaeathoueny a ?iaio? iaoaiaoe/i? iiaeae? aecia/aiiy
A?I c iiceoe?? niiaeeaa/a i?e iayaiino? a eiai ia?aaeao NAe,
iioei?caoe?? ?ici?uaiiy EO a ia?aaeao niiaeeaa/?a ? iioeiaeueiiai
caaaioaaeaiiy NAe. Aecia/ai? iniaeeaino? ?ic?aooieo E?I ? oi?aae?iiy EO
a ea?’??ieo ia?aaeao. Cai?iiiiiaai? oi?ioee ? e?eoa??? aeey ioe?iee
aoaeoeaiino? ? iioeaee ?ic?aooieo E?I.

?ic?iaeai? iniiai? iieiaeaiiy nenoaie aca?ii?ic?aooie?a ca E?I,
ni?yiiaaieo ia ooi/iaiiy ?ic?aooie?a, caaeainoaaiiy ?ioa?an?a AN ?
niiaeeaa/?a, i?aeaeuaiiy noeio-ethth/i? ae?? ? i?eaaaeaiiy o
a?aeiia?aei?noue ?c Caeiiii Oe?a?ie «I?i aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy».

Oinoee ?icae?e i?enay/aiee ?ic?iaoe? e?eoa???a, niinia?a, iiaeaeae,
aeai?eoi?a ? oaoi?/ieo cania?a iioeiaeueiiai (ca e?eoa???i i?i?iaeueieo
ao?ao) oi?aae?iiy EO ? iaoiae?a aecia/aiiy onoaaie aeey ieo. ?ic?iaeaii
eiiieaen niinia?a ? oaoi?/ieo cania?a iioeiaeueiiai aaoiiaoe/iiai
oi?aae?iiy EO (oaae. 3).

A oaae.3 (i.1 ? 2): Qoj,Qej-a?aeiia?aeii, oaeoe/ia cia/aiiy ? onoaaea
A?I ia aaiae? i?aei?e?inoaa aeey j-ai ?aaeeio aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy AN;
Qoj( SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D t) – iioi/ia oaeoe/ia cia/aiiy A?I ia
aaiae? i?aei?e?inoaa ca ia??iae SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D t; Q?j –
?aaeoeaia iaaaioaaeaiiy a ?-io i?e?aeiaii? AII aai Oe?I a j-io ?aaeei?;
R? – aeoeaiee ii?? ?-ai i?e?aeiaiiy; Qej(t),Qej(t+ SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol”
\s 14 D t) – iiooaei?noue AE, yea aa?ieiaia aai aeieiaia a ia?aaeao ?-ai
i?e?aeiaiiy a iiiaio /ano t ? t+ SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D t;
SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D t-ia??iae oeeeeo oi?aae?iiy; Qn? –
iiooaei?noue naeoe?? AE, yea aa?ieiaia aai aeieiaia a ia?aaeao ?-ai
i?e?aeiaiiy; i.3: Qonoj-onoaaea ii A?I ia aaiae? i?aei?e?inoaa aeey j-ai
?aaeeio; Q?jI, SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D Q?j – ii/aoeiaa onoaaea ?
aeiaaaea aaia?aoe?? ?I aeey ?-ai NAe a j-io ?aaeei?; I.4: QesI, SYMBOL
68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D Qes(t)-ii/aoeiaa onoaaea ? aaee/eia aeiaaaee
aaia?aoe?? aeey s-? AE a iiiaio /ano t; QaeiI, SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s
14 D Qaei(t)-ii/aoeiaa onoaaea ? aeiaaaea aaia?aoe?? ?I aeey ?-ai NAe;
Qies-iii?iaeueia iiooaei?noue s-? AE; Qa?.aei -a?aie/ia iiooaei?noue,
yeo iiaea aaia?oaaoe ?-e NAe (ca oiiaith iaa??aaiiy).

A nenoaiao oi?aae?iiy, ye? i?aoeththoue a oiiaao ?aaeueiiai /ano, i?e
aecia/aii? onoaaie aaaeaii oieeiooe ?oa?aoe?eiiai ia/enethaaeueiiai
i?ioeano. Oe?e aeiic? a?aeiia?aea? ianooiia iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue
aecia/aiiy ? ei?eaoaaiiy onoaaie a i?ioean? oi?aae?iiy:

(29)

aea e – e?euee?noue aoce?a, a yeeo a?aenooi? AE; m – e?euee?noue
oa?aeoa?ieo aeiaiaeo ?aaeei?a aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy AN; n – e?euee?noue
aoce?a, a yeeo onoaiiaeai? AE. ?ica’ycoth/e nenoaio ??aiyiue (29),
aeinoaiaii ae?ace aeey aecia/aiiy iiooaeiino? AE ? iioeiaeueieo onoaaie:

(30)

I?e ianoaa?eueieo ?aaeeiao niiaeeaaiiy ?I a iaeiiio /e e?eueeio aoceao,
eiee Qoj( SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D t) SYMBOL 60 \f “Symbol” \s 14 Qa?j i?e
aa?ieiaieo an?o naeoe?yo AE).

Oaaeeoey 3.

Niiniae ? nenoaie iioeiaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy eiiiainoth/eie onoaiiaeaie.

Iacaa niinia?a ? oaoi?/ieo cania?a iioeiaeueiiai aaoiiaoe/iiai
oi?aae?iiy EO E?eoa??? ? iiaeae? iioeiaeueiiai aaoiiaoe/iiai oi?aae?iiy
EO

1 2

1. Niiniae ? nenoaie oeaio?ae?ciaaiiai oi?aae?iiy AE:

– i?iii?oe?eii iioi/iei ao?aoai (ii aaee/ei? Qi2Ri);

– oa ae, c aaoiiaoe/iei caaeaaaiiyi onoaaie;

– oa ae, c a?aooaaiiyi iai?yieo ia?aoieo ?I;

– oa ae, c a?aooaaiiyi iaaeeeoeo ? aeao?oeeoo AE o aoceao;

– ii aaee/ei? ca?eueoaiiy aai ciaioaiiy ao?ao

– oeyoii caaacia/aiiy o aoceao oiiae iioe-iaeueiino? iioiei?iciiae?eo
?I: Qo?( SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 12 D t)=Qeij

– oa ae, c a?aooaaiiyi a?aenooiino? AE aai oi?aae?iiy ieie a ie?aieo
aoceao;

– oa ae, c aeae?eaiiyi aoce?a c onoaiia-eith ? aac onoaiiaee AE ?
a?aooaaiiyi iiaeeeai? ?o ci?ie a i?ioean? oi?aae?iiy;

Oa ae, —»—

Oa ae, —»—

Oa ae, —»—

Iiaeaeue: Qo?( SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D t)=Qeij, Qe?(t+ SYMBOL 68
\f “Symbol” \s 14 D t)=Qe?(t)+(Qoi( SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D
t)-Qcij)).

Iiaeaeue: (??=0), Qe?(t+ SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D t)=Qe?(t)+(Qoi(
SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D t)-Qcij)).

Qe?(t+ SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 12 D t)=Qe?(t)+Qci

Qe?(t+ SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 12 D t)=Qe?(t)-Qci

1 2

– oa ae, c aaaaeaiiyi iciaee iayaiino? (??=1) aai a?aenooiino? (??=0) AE
a ?-io aoce? aai oi?aae?iiy ieie;

– oa ae, c aeei?enoaiiyi ooi/ithth/iai eiioo?o oi?aae?iiy ii aaee/ei?
Qi2Ri Iiaeaeue: (??=0)=Qo?( SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D t)=Qeij
(??=1)=Qe?(t+ SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D t)=

=Qe?(t)+(Qoi( SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D
t)-Qaij)).

(a NAe ? aeeaey/eo e?i?yo).

(a NAe, AE ? a ia?aaeao).

Aeiaaaeaii, ui ooieoe?? oeaio?ae?ciaaiiai oi?aae?iiy c aeayeeie
iaiaaeaiiyie iiaeia aeeiioaaoe ca aeiiiiiaith niaoe?aeueii noai?aieo
i?eno?i?a eieaeueii? ae??. Nooue cai?iiiiiaaiiai niiniao oi?aae?iiy
iieyaa? a ianooiiiio. I?eno?i? ia’?aeiothoueny a nenoaio ia iniia?
caaacia/aiiy a eiaeiiio aoce? oiiae iioeiaeueiino? iioiei?iciiae?eo ?I:
Qoj=Qa?j. Aeey oi?aae?iiy aeei?enoiaothoueny ia?aiao?e: Q i U aocea.
A?aoiao?oueny iayai?noue o?ainoi?iaoi??a c ?II. I?eno??e ia
ni?aoeueiao?, yeui a eiio?ieueiaaiiio aoce? ia?aiao?e oi?aae?iiy
ciaoiaeyoueny a iaaeao aeiionoeieo cia/aiue, oiaoi

(31)

I?eno??e ni?aoeth?, yeui iaeei ?c ia?aiao??a aeeoia ca aeiionoei? iaae?,
a ae?oaee – ciaoiaeeoueny a aeiionoeieo iaaeao:

(32)

I?eno??e oaeiae ni?aoeth?, yeui iaeaeaa ia?aiao?e aeeoee ca aeiionoei?
iaae?:

(33)

Iiaeeea? ??ci? eiia?iaoe?? aeei?enoaiiy ia?aiao??a oi?aae?iiy. ?o aea??
cae?enith?oueny a caeaaeiino? a?ae aeiia aei ??ai?a iai?oae o aoceao ?
iayaiino? o?ainoi?iaoi??a c ?II. Aiae?c iieacaa, ui iaea?eueoo iaeanoue
canoinoaaiiy iathoue i?eno?i? c ia?aiao?aie oi?aae?iiy «Q» aai «U».
Oaeee aa??aio i?eno?ith ?aae?ciaaiee a aenia?eiaioaeueieo c?aceao, ye?
oni?oii i?ieoee i?iieneia? aei?iaoaaiiy. A ?iaio? iaaaaeaiee iaoiae
aecia/aiiy iioeiaeueieo onoaaie aeey i?eno?i?a eieaeueii? ae?? c
a?aooaaiiyi ao?ao ?I ? iiaeeeai? iaonoaiiaee a aeayeeo aoceao AE.

?ic?iaeai? niin?a ? nenoaia oi?aae?iiy ?aaeoeaiei iaaaioaaeaiiyi
i?aei?e?inoaa ca aeiiiiiaith a?oie NAe. A ia?oo /a?ao aecia/athoue
aeiiii?/io aeioe?euei?noue aaia?oaaiiy ?I neio?iiieie aeaeaoiaie. Aeae?
aecia/athoue iioeiaeuei? cia/aiiy ii/aoeiaeo onoaaie aeey eiaeiiai NAe.

Iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue ?ica’yceo oe??? caaea/? (ca e?eoa???i i?i?ioio
ao?ao a NAe ? ia?aaeao) ia? aeaeyae:

(34)

aea Q? – ?aaeoeaia iiooaei?noue, yeo aaia?o? ?-e NAe; a?, a?, n? –
a?aeiia?aeii eiao?oe??ioe ai?ieneiaoe?? ooieoe?? ao?ao a ?-io NAe ? a
e?i??, ca yeith iaea?aeo? aeeaeaiiy ?-e NAe; n – e?euee?noue NAe; ?? –
iciaea eiiooaoe?? ?-ai NAe (?? = 1 – aa?ieiaiee; ?? = 0 – aeieiaiee). ?c
oiia SYMBOL 182 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ¶ F/ SYMBOL 182 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ¶
Q? = 0 ? SYMBOL 182 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ¶ F/ SYMBOL 182 \f “Symbol” \s 14
¶ SYMBOL 108 \f “Symbol” \s 14 l = 0, ciaoiaeeii:

(35)

Ca iiae?aiith iiaeaeeth ?ica’yco?oueny caaea/a aecia/aiiy ca?eueoaiiy
aai ciaioaiiy aaia?aoe?? ?I eiaeiei NAe a i?ioean? oi?aae?iiy:

(36)

Ci?ia e?eueeino? NAe i?ecaiaeeoue aei ii?ooaiiy oiiae iioei?caoe??
ao?ao. Oiio aeeiio?oueny ia?a?aooiie ii/aoeiaeo onoaaie aeey NAe, ye?
caeeoeeenue a ?iaio?. Ia?a?aooiie cae?enith?oueny oaeiae i?e anooi? a
neeo oaoi?/ieo iaiaaeaiue (34).

A a?eueoino? aeiaaee?a aeey E?I aeei?enoiaothoueny NAe ? AE.
Iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue aeey aecia/aiiy ii/aoeiaeo onoaaie aeey eiaeiiai EO
ia? aeaeyae:

(37)

aea f – iciaea oi?aaey?iino? (f = 0, yeui s-oa AE aeinyaioea naiai
iii?iaeueiiai cia/aiiy Qies aai iiooaei?noue ?-ai NAe – naiai a?aie/iiai
cia/aiiy ca oiiaith iaa??aaiiy Qa?.ae?); as – eiao?oe??io, ui
oa?aeoa?eco? ao?aoe a e?i??, yea aeeaeoue s-e aocie.

(t)=0 ? SYMBOL 182 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ¶ SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 14 D
?/ SYMBOL 182 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ¶ SYMBOL 108 \f “Symbol” \s 14 l ae=0,
io?eia?ii iioeiaeuei? ii/aoeia? onoaaee:

aeey AE

(38)

(39)

aeey NAe

(40)

(41)

Ei?eaoaaiiy ?ica’ceo caaea/? cae?enith?oueny i?e iaaeeiiaii? oaoi?/ieo
iaiaaeaiue (37) oeyoii ci?ie aaee/ei ? ? f o a?aeiia?aeieo aoceao. A
?iaio? iaaiaeeoueny iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue aeey aecia/aiiy iioeiaeueieo
aeiaaaie aeey eiaeiiai NAe a i?ioean? oi?aae?iiy.

A ?iaio? iaaaaeai? no?oeoo?i? noaie i?eno?i?a ? nenoai, i?eioeeie ?o
?iaioe ? aeai?eoie oi?aae?iiy, ye? a?ae??ciythoueny a?ae a?aeiieo
a?eueoith aia?aiaoaeoeai?noth ? oi/i?noth oi?aae?iiy. Iaa?oioiaai?
e?eoa??? aeey ioe?iee iioeaee ? aoaeoeaiino? oi?aae?iiy a caeaaeiino?
a?ae aeeiiaiiy ?o iniiaieo ooieoe?e.

aeniiaee.

A aeena?oaoe?? cae?eniaii ?icaeoie oai??? ?ic?aooieo aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy
? eiiiainoth/eo onoaiiaie (iaoiaee/iiai caaacia/a/aiiy nenoai oi?aae?iiy
? eiio?ieth) oa iiaeo iai?yie?a a ?ic?iaoe? niinia?a aecia/aiiy
oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae a??ie/eo ii??ae, oi?aae?iiy eiiiainoth/eie
onoaiiaeaie oa aeaeo?e/iei iaaaioaaeaiiyi, ui aeicaiey? noai?thaaoe
a?aeiia?aei? nenoaie oi?aae?iiy ? eiio?ieth, ye? caaacia/othoue
ae??oaiiy cia/ii? i?eeeaaeii? i?iaeaie – i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a AOE i?aei?e?inoa ? aia?ainenoaie. Iniiai? aeniiaee,
iaoeia? oa i?aeoe/i? ?acoeueoaoe iieyaathoue a ianooiiiio:

1. Aenia?eiaioaeueieie aeine?aeaeaiiyie anoaiiaeai? caeiiii??iino?
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy AOE ia?oaeieo ea?’???a. Anoaiiaeaii, ui caeii
?iciiae?eo ieoiii? aia?ai?iiino? ao??iiy caeaaeeoue a?ae ni?aa?aeiioaiiy
i’yeeo ? i?oeieo ii??ae, ye? aeiaoaathoueny, ? ci?ith?oueny a i?inoi??
(ii ie?aieo ai?eciioao) ? a /an? (i?ioyaii no?ieo aenieoaoaoe??
?iaeiaeua). ?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue iineoaeeee
iniiaith aeey oi?ioaaiiy ianeao aeaieo, ?ic?iaee iniiaieo iai?yie?a ?
i?aeoe/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ?
e?eoa???a aeiiii?/ii? aeioe?eueiino? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?o o ae?iaieoeoai,
iaoiae?a ? iiaeaeae eiai ?ic?aooieo ? nenoai oi?aae?iiy iei, niinia?a ?
nenoai aecia/aiiy oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae a??ie/eo ii??ae ?
iniaeeainoae ?ic?aooieo EO ? oi?aae?iiy ieie a ea?’??ao.

2. Iieacaii, ui a oiiaao ia?oaeieo ea?’???a i?eeiyoi? ?acoeueoaoe
i?iaiico iaeneiaeueieo iieaa?oaeueieo iaaaioaaeaiue (onoaaie aeey nenoai
oi?aae?iiy) aeathoue ei?aeyoe?ei? iiaeae? (iioeaea i?iaiico ia
aeoiaeeoue ca iaae? SYMBOL 177 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ± 5%). ?ic?iaeai?
nenoaie iioeiaeueiiai (ca e?eoa???i i?i?iaeueieo ao?ao) oi?aae?iiy
aeaeo?e/iei iaaaioaaeaiiyi, aeei?enoaiiy yeeo aeicaiey? ciaioeoe ao?aoe
aeaeo?iaia?a?? ? ?? ieoiio aa?o?noue, a oaeiae iaae? a?aeoeeaiiy iai?oae
a?ae iii?iaeueiiai cia/aiiy i?ioyaii aeiae.

3. Ia iniia? aia?oa cai?iiiiiaaieo i?aeoiae?a uiaei aecia/aiiy
ii?iaoeaieo aeo?ao ? ao?ao aeaeo?iaia?a?? ? caaaeueiiai
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy (ia?aiao??a aeey nenoai eiio?ieth) ?ic?iaeaii iaoiaee
“oaoiieia?/ieo ii?i” (aeey ?ic?aooieo caaaeueiiae?iaie/eo ii?i),
aecia/aiiy ? ii?ioaaiiy ao?ao aeaeo?iaia?a??; iiaeae? i?iaiico ieoiiiai
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ia ianea, ui iaao?th?oueny, ? aeneaaaoe?th ii??ae
ianeao, ?iciooaiiai aeaooii, ca ao?aeieie ?(aai) aeo?aeieie ia?aiao?aie
?aaeeio ao??iiy (aeneaaaoe??); iiaeaeue i?iaiico caaaeueieo aeo?ao
aeaeo?iaia?a?? c aeei?enoaiiyi e?eaeo ?iciiae?eo ieoiiiai
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a?aeiia?aeieo oaoiieia?/ieo i?ioean?a, ye? ii??aiyii
c a?aeiieie aeicaieythoue a?aoiaoaaoe oaoiieia?/i? aeanoeaino? a??ie/eo
ii??ae ? aeinyaaoe i?eeiyoii? oi/iino? ?ic?aooie?a (iioeaea ciaoiaeeony
a iaaeao SYMBOL 177 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ± 2,5%).

4. ?ic?iaeai? niiniae ? nenoaie aei??thaaiiy oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae
a??ie/eo ii??ae ? ioe?iee yeino? ianiaeo aeaoo?a ca e?eoa??yie noia?ii?
? iiaii? aia?ai?iiino? ao??iiy, aia?ai?iiino? iia?aoe?? «/a?iaiiy» ?
iiaii? aia?ai?iiino? aeneaaaoe??, iaoiae iiaoaeiae oaoiieia?/ieo oeae
ao?eiino?, aeneaaaoe?? ? ioe?iee yeino? ianiaeo aeaoo?a ? aeaaa/ aeeaeie
ao??iiy naa?aeeiaeie. Noai?ai? aenia?eiaioaeuei? c?acee
i?e?ii?ioeani?ii? nenoaie eiio?ieth aeaeo?i-niiaeeaaiiy ao?iaeo noaie?a
? ao?eiino? a??ie/eo ii??ae ? aeaaa/a aeeaeie ao??iiy naa?aeeiaeie.
Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy cai?iiiiiaaieo nenoai o ae?iaieoeoai ia ia?oaeieo oa
?ioeo ea?’??ao aeicaiey? cae?enithaaoe iae?e ? eiio?ieue
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a??ie/eo iaoei ? oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae ii??ae,
i?aeaeuoaaoe aoaeoeai?noue a??ie/eo ?ia?o ? aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy.
Cai?iiiiiaai? ?ic?iaee ?icaeaathoue iiaee iai?yiie ioe?iee oaoiieia?/ieo
aeanoeainoae ii??ae ca ieoiiith aia?ai?ii?noth oaoiieia?/iiai i?ioeano.

5. Anoaiiaeaii, ui a?aeii? oeaee, nenoaie ? iaoiaeeee aca?ii?ic?aooie?a
ca E?I ia a?aoiaothoue ?yae oaeoi??a ye? nooo?ai aieeaathoue ia ?o
aoaeoeai?noue (caeoeia?noue E?I aeey niiaeeaa/?a; a??ia?aeiee oa?aeoa?
?aaeoeaieo iaaaioaaeaiue; iiaeeeaino? ?aaoeyoi??a aeene?aoii? ae??;
i?eaooie AN a?ae onoaiiaee EO a ia?aaeao niiaeeaa/?a ? o.?i.), ui
cieaeo? ?o noeioethth/ee aieea ia niiaeeaa/?a. Cai?iiiiiaaii iaoai?ci
caaeainoaaiiy ?ioa?an?a AN oa niiaeeaa/?a, yeee a?oioo?oueny ia
i?eioeeiiai iiaiio i?aeoiae? uiaei aecia/aiiy ao?aeii? ?aaeoeaii?
iiooaeiino? (ia iniia? nenoaiiiai i?aeoiaeo ? c iiceoe?? ie?aiiai
niiaeeaa/a) ? iieeaaeaiee a iniiao ?ic?iaeaii? nenoaie aca?ii?ic?aooie?a
ca E?I, ni?yiiaaii? ia noeioethaaiiy ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iioeiaeueii? E?I ?
iioeiaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy EO a ia?aaeao niiaeeaa/?a. ?yae iieiaeaiue
cai?iiiiiaaii? nenoaie aeei?enoai? i?e ?ic?iaoe? iei? ae?th/i?
iaoiaeeee.

6. Ia iniia? aia?oa cai?iiiiiaaieo i?aeoiae?a, e?eoa???a, iaoiae?a ?
iiaeaeae cae?eniaii ?icaeoie oai??? ?ic?aooieo EO (iaoiaee/iiai
caaacia/aiiy nenoai oi?aae?iiy). Canoinoaaiiy aeaieo ?ic?iaie ?
iiaoaiiiai ?ic?aooieo aeiiii?/ii? ? aaeainiai? caaea/ E?I ca e?eoa??yie,
a?aeiia?aeii, i?i?iaeueieo cao?ao ? ao?ao ni?iuo? ?ic?aooieia? iaoiaee ?
a oie aea /an i?aeaeuo? ?o oi/i?noue (oeyoii ei?eaoaaiiy io?eiaiiai
??oaiiy), caaacia/o? iioeiaeueia ?ici?uaiiy EO ? noai?th? ia?aaeoiiae
aeey iioeiaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy ieie.

7. Aia?oa ?ic?iaeai? niiniae ? nenoaie: oeaio?ae?ciaaiiai oi?aae?iiy AE
(a o. /. ?o no?oeoo?i? noaie ? aeai?eoie oi?aae?iiy): ca aaee/eiith
iioi/ieo ao?ao c a?aooaaiiyi iniaeeainoae AOE; ca aaee/eiith cieaeaiiy
aai ca?eueoaiiy ao?ao; oeyoii caaacia/aiiy oiiae iioeiaeueiiai
iioiei?iciiae?eo ?I a ie?aieo aoceao. ?ic?iaeaii eiiieaen nenoai
oeaio?ae?ciaaiiai iioeiaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy AE (a o. /. a ia?aaeao c
ianeiao?e/ieie iaaaioaaeaiiyie) ? NAe, ?o no?oeoo?i? noaie ? aeai?eoie
oi?aae?iiy c a?aooaaiiyi ci?ie ?o e?eueeino? a i?ioean? oi?aae?iiy ?
a?aenooiino? a aeayeeo aoceao aai oi?aae?iiy ieie oa iniaeeainoae
canoinoaaiiy NAe aeey eiiiainaoe??. ?ic?iaeaia nenoaia oi?aae?iiy AE ca
aeiiiiiaith a?oie niaoe?aeueieo ?aaoeyoi??a eieaeueii? ae??, iniiai?
ia?aaaae yei? – caaacia/o?oueny i?i?i?caoe?y ao?ao a ia?aaeao niiaeeaa/a
i?e a?aenooiino? e?i?e ca’yceo (ii??aiyii c oeaio?ae?ciaaieie
nenoaiaie). Cai?iiiiiaai? i?aeoiaee ? e?eoa??? aeey ioe?iee
aoaeoeaiino? ? iioeaee iioeiaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy EO. Cai?iiiiiaai?
nenoaie oi?aae?iiy EO aeicaieythoue aeeiioaaoe aeiiae AN uiaei
niiaeeaaiiy ?I ?c ?? ia?aae?, cae?enithaaoe i?i?i?caoe?th ao?ao a
ia?aaeao AOE niiaeeaa/?a ? i?aeo?eioaaoe ??ai? iai?oae o aoceao a
aeiionoeieo iaaeao. Aeai? ?ic?iaee ?icaeaathoue iiaee iai?yiie o
noai?ai? niinia?a iioeiaeueiiai (ca e?eoa???i i?i?iaeueieo ao?ao)
aaoiiaoe/iiai oi?aae?iiy EO.

8. Caaaeueiee aeiiii?/iee aoaeo a?ae ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a
aeine?aeaeaiue o ae?iaieoeoai neeaaea? 805,7 oen. e?a. (a oe?iao 1990
?.). ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue ai?iaaaeaeai? oaeiae o iaa/aeueiee
i?ioean: i?e iinoaiiaoe? iiaiai eo?no «Aia?aicaa??aath/? oaoiieia?? a
aeaeo?iaia?aaoeoe?», i?e aeeeaaeaii? eo?n?a «Oai?aoe/i? iniiae
aeaeo?iiinoa/aiiy», «I?iaeooaaiiy nenoai aeaeo?iiinoa/aiiy», iinoaiiaoe?
eaai?aoi?ieo ?ia?o, i?aeaioiaoe? 3-o iaa/aeueieo iin?aiee?a ? iiiia?ao??
? ?yaeo iaoiaee/ieo aeac?aie, aeeiiaii? eo?niaeo oa aeeieiiieo i?iaeo?a.

9. ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue, i?aaenoaaeaieo a ??-?V ?icae?eao ?iaioe
aeooaeuei? aeey ia?oaeieo ea?’???a ? /anoeiai aeey ea?’???a ?ioeo
a??ie/eo aaeocae, a a V i IV ?icae?eao – aeey i?aei?e?inoa an?o aaeocae
ia?iaeiiai ainiiaea?noaa Oe?a?ie. ?o iiaeia ?aeiiaiaeoaaoe oaeiae aeey
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy: ?inoeooo caaaeueii? aia?aaoeee IAI Oe?a?ie (i. Ee?a),
AAO “Ee?ai?iiaeaeo?ii?iaeo” (i. Ee?a), ?inoeooo aeaeo?iaeeiai?ee IAI
Oe?a?ie (i. Ee?a), ?inoeooo “Oe?IAe?i?iaeo” (i. Ee?a), ia caaiaeao ii
ae?iaieoeoao cania?a eiio?ieth aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy, eiiiainoth/eo
onoaiiaie oa oi?aae?iiy ieie.

Iniiai? ioae?eaoe?? ii oai? aeena?oaoe??:

1. ?iaaeueneee A.N. Eiiiainaoeey ?aaeoeaiie iiuiinoe SYMBOL 47 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Yia?ai-naa?aaathuea
?aaeeiu yeaeo?iniaaaeaiey ai?iiaeiauaathueo i?aaei?eyoee. – I.: Iaae?a,
1985. – n.84 – 110.

2. ?iaaeueneee A.N. Eiiiainaoeey ?aaeoeaiie iiuiinoe. Iaoiaeu ?an/aoa e
n?aaenoaa oi?aaeaiey: O/aaiia iiniaea. – E.: OIE 80, 1990. – 60n.

3. ?iaaeuenueeee A.N. Aecia/aiiy ? i?iaiicoaaiiy aeaeo?e/ieo
iaaaioaaeaiue i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa: Iiiia?ao?y. –
Aeaeaai.»A?iieoey», 1996. – 96n.

4. ?iaaeuenueeee A.N. I?iaeaie aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy. Cieaeaiiy ao?ao
aeaeo?iaia?a?? a aeaeo?e/ieo ia?aaeao: Iaa/aeueiee iin?aiee. -A?iieoey:
AAeOO, 1996.-112n.

5. ?iaaeuenueeee A.N. I?iaeaie aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy. Ii?ioaaiiy ? i?iaiic
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy (ia i?eeeaae? a??ie/eo i?aei?e?inoa): Iaa/aeueiee
iin?aiee. – Aeaeaai.»Oi?aa?noi – A?iieoey», 1996. – 151n.

6. ?iaaeueneee A.N., Ooia?ei A.A. Io?aneaaay eino?oeoeey ii
ii?ie-?iaaieth ?anoiaea yeaeo?iyia?aee ia ao?iaua ?aaiou:
Ooa.ae.eiaeaia?ii ?II «Oeaei?no?ieeiaeono?ey» 23.03.1982 a. SYMBOL 47
\f “Symbol” \s 14 / Ieiaaoiaei?no?ieONN?. – Oa?iiiieue: Ca?o/, 1982. –
71n.

7. ?iaaeueneee A.N. Ii?aaeaeaiea yeaeo?e/aneeo iaa?ocie ea?a?iuo
iiaenoaioeee SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s
14 / I?iiuoeaiiay yia?aaoeea. – 1977. – ?8. – n.22-24.

8. ?iaaeueneee A.N. Iioeiecaoeey eiiiainaoeee ?aaeoeaiie iiuiinoe a
yeaeo?e/aneeo naoyo i?iiuoeaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee //O?oaeu Ananithci.
iao/i.-oaoi. eiio. «Eiiiainaoeey ?aaeoeaiie iiuiinoe e yeiiiiey
yeaeo?iaia?aee a i?iiuoeaiiinoe». – I.: IAeIOI. – 1977.

9. ?iaaeueneee A.N., ?iiaithe E.I. E aii?ino ?aaoee?iaaiey a?aoeeia
iaa?ocee i?iiuoeaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 /
SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / I?iiuoeaiiay yia?aaoeea. – 1978. – ?4. –
n.21-23.

10. Aeiineaaneee A.I., ?iaaeueneee A.N., Eaieineee A.A., ?iiaithe E.I.
Ii?aaeaeaiea ?an/aoiuo yeaeo?e/aneeo iaa?ocie yeneaaaoi?ia e ao?iauo
noaieia SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 /
Ai?iay yeaeo?iiaoaieea e aaoiiaoeea. – 1979. – Aui.34. – n.51-56.

11. ?iaaeueneee A.N., Ooia?ei A.A., Aueiaiue ss.E., O?ae/oe A.E.
Ii?ie?iaaiea ?anoiaea yeaeo?iyia?aee ia ao?iaua ?aaiou SYMBOL 47 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / I?iiuoeaiiay yia?aaoeea.
– 1980. – ?12. – n.18-21.

12. Ooia?ei A.A., ?iaaeueneee A.N., ?iiaithe E.I., Aeieo?ao A.A. Ioeaiea
ao?eiinoe ai?iuo ii?iae e yeaeo?iiio?aaeaiey ia ioe?uouo ai?iuo
?ac?aaioeao SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14
/ Yeaeo?iiaoaieea. Ecaanoey aocia. – 1983. – ?12. – n.91-92.

13. ?iaaeueneee A.N., Aieioa A.Ae. ?an/ao eiiiainaoeee ?aaeoeaiie
iiuiinoe a yeaeo?e/aneeo naoyo ai?iuo i?aaei?eyoee SYMBOL 47 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Oaieue
Oe?aeiu.-1984.-?12.-n.28-30.

14. ?iaaeueneee A.N. Iaoiaeeea ?an/aoa eiiiainaoeee ?aaeoeaiie iiuiinoe
a yeaeo?e/aneeo naoyo SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 / Yia?aaoeea e yeaeo?eoeeaoeey. – 1984. – ?2. – n.36-39.

15. ?iaaeueneee A.N., Ooia?ei A.A., Eooie? E.N. Ioeaiea ao?eiinoe ii?iae
ia ioe?uouo ai?iuo ?ac?aaioeao SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL
47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Ai?iue aeo?iae. -1985.- ?12. – n.41-44.

16. ?iaaeueneee A.N. I e?eoa?ee aeiionoeiinoe oi?iuaiiiai ?an/aoa
iiuiinoe eiiiaine?othueo ono?ienoa a yeaeo?e/aneeo naoyo i?iiuoeaiiuo
i?aaei?eyoee //O?oaeu IV ?ani. iao/i. – oaoi. eiio. «Nia?aiaiiua
i?iaeaiu yia?aaoeee: i?aia?aciaaiea, noaaeeecaoeey ia?aiao?ia e
o?ainii?o yeaeo?iyia?aee.» – Eeaa: EYAe AI ONN?, 1985. n. 27-28 .

17. ?iaaeueneee A.N., Ooia?ei A.A. Ieaie?iaaiea ?anoiaea yeaeo?iyia?aee
ia ao?iaua ?aaiou a ea?uea?ao SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47
\f “Symbol” \s 14 / Ai?iue aeo?iae. Ecaanoey aocia.-1986.-?4.-n.93-97.

18. ?iaaeueneee A.N. Iaoiaeu ii?aaeaeaiey aoiaeiie ?aaeoeaiie iiuiinoe,
neeaeie e iaaeaaaie e oa?eoai ia yeaeo?iyia?aeth ca eiiiainaoeeth
SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Yia?aaoeea
e yeaeo?eoeeaoeey. – 1986. – ?3. – n.47-50.

19. ?iaaeueneee A.N. Iioeiecaoeey yeaeo?iiio?aaeaiey ia ai?iuo
i?aae-i?eyoeyo SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s
14 / Oaieue Oe?aeiu. – 1986. – ?11. – n.32-34.

20. ?iaaeueneee A.N., Aeieo?ao A.A., ?iiaithe E.I. Ono?ienoai aeey
eioi?iaoeeiiiiai iaania/aiey ao?iac?uaiuo ?aaio a ea?uea?ao SYMBOL 47
\f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Oaieue Oe?aeiu. –
1989. – ?5. – n.30-32.

21. ?iaaeueneee A.N. Ii?aaeaeaiea e ii?ie?iaaiea iioa?ue yeaeo?iyia?aee
a yeaeo?e/aneeo naoyo ea?uea?ia SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL
47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / I?iiuoeaiiay yia?aaoeea.-1989. -?5.- n.31-34.

22. ?iaaeueneee A. N., Aeaiia I.Ae., Aeieo?ao A.A., Eaaieia A.I.,
Iaiaeaiaea A.I. Oi?aaeaiea iiuiinoueth eiiaeainaoi?iuo aaoa?ae aeey
iio?aaeoaeae n ianeiiao?e/iuie iaa?oceaie SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 /
SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Yeaeo?iiaoaieea. Ecaanoey aocia. –
1989.-?7.-n.101-102.

23. ?iaaeueneee A.N., Aeaiia A.Ae., Aeieo?ao A.A., Iaiaeaiaea A.I.,
Oaeaaeaineee A.E. Nenoaia aaoiiaoe/aneiai e aeeniao/a?neiai oi?aaeaiey
eiiaeainaoi?iuie onoaiiaeaie a yeaeo?e/aneeo naoyo i?iiuoeaiiuo
i?aaei?eyoee SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14
/ I?iiuoeaiiay yia?aaoeea. – 1990. – ?2. – n.50-53.

24. ?iaaeueneee A.N., Aeieo?ao A.A., Ooia?ei A.A. I?iaiic e ii?ie?iaaiea
yeaeo?iiio?aaeaiey ia iao?eaaaiue iannea SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 /
SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Yia?aaoeea. Ecaanoey aocia. – 1990. – ?5.
– n.19-24.

25. ?iaaeueneee A.N. Ia yeiiiie/aneii noeioee?iaaiee aiaae?aiey
iioeiaeueiie eiiiainaoeee ?aaeoeaiie iiuiinoe a yeaeo?e/aneeo naoyo
iio?aaeoaeae //O?oaeu iao/i. – i?aeo. eiio. «I?iaeaiu yia?ainaa?aaeaiey
e yooaeoeaiinoue yeiiiieee ?aaeiia». – Eaieia?. iae. i?aae. AYI. 1990. –
n. 50 – 51.

26. ?iaaeueneee A.N. Yia?ainaa?aaeaiea ia ai?iuo i?aaei?eyoeyo SYMBOL
47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / I?iaeaiu
yia?ainaa?aaeaiey. – E.: EIY IAI Oe?aeiu.- 1991. – Aui.8. – n.16-23.

27. ?iaaeuenueeee A.N., Oaaeaeaae Aannai Oo?e?. Iaoiaee ? e?eoa???
?iciiae?eo eiiiainoth/eo onoaiiaie a aeaeo?e/ieo ia?aaeao i?aei?e?inoa
SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / A?niee AI?.
– 1994. – ?3(4). – n.45-49.

28. ?iaaeuenueeee A.N., Iaieeaiaea A.I., Oaaeaeaae Aannai Oo?e?.
Aaoiiaoe/ia oi?aae?iiy ?aaeoeaiei iaaaioaaeaiiyi i?aei?e?inoaa a?oiith
neio?iiieo aeaeaoi?a SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 / A?niee AI?. – 1994. – ?4(5). – n.28-33.

29. ?iaaeueneee A.N., Iaiaeaiaea A.I. Oeaio?aeeciaaiiia oi?aaeaiea
eiiiaine?othueie onoaiiaeaie SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47
\f “Symbol” \s 14 / I?iaeaiu yia?ainaa?aaeaiey. – E.: EIY IAI
Oe?aeiu.-1995.-?4-6.-n.82-87.

30. ?iaaeueneee A.N., Iaiaeaiaea A.I. I?iaeaiu aiaae?aiey iioeiaeueiie
eiiiainaoeee ?aaeoeaiie iiuiinoe a yeaeo?e/aneeo naoyo iio?aaeoaeae e
yia?ainenoai SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14
/ Iaoa?eaeu 1-e Iaaeaeoia?iaeiie eiioa?aioeee ii oi?aaeaieth
eniieueciaaieai yia?aee. – Eeaa. – 1995. – n.61-65.

31. ?iaaeuenueeee A.N., Oaaeaeaae Aannai Oo?e?. Aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo
ao?aeii? ?aaeoeaii? iiooaeiino? o aoceao aia?ainenoaie ? niiaeeaa/?a
aeaeo?iaia?a?? SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s
14 / A?niee AI?. – 1996. – ?1,2. – n.41-49.

32. Oaaeaeaae Aannai Oo?e?, ?iaaeuenueeee A.N. Niin?a aaoiiaoe/iiai
oi?aae?iiy aaoa?ayie eiiaeainaoi??a SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 /
SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / A?niee AI?. – 1996. – ?3. – n.55-57.

33. ?iaaeuenueeee A.N. Aaaaoioaeoi?ia iiaeaeue i?iaiicoaaiiy
iaeneiaeueiiai iaaaioaaeaiiy i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa SYMBOL 47 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / A?niee AI?.- 1997. N2 –
c. 56-62.

34. Rogalski B., Nepeyvoda V. The Device of the Automatic Control by the
Compensating Installation SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 / The 3-rd International Exhibition of Inventics,
Research and Technological Transfer. – Iasi (Romania). – 1996. – c.45.

35. ?iaaeuenueeee A.N. Nenoaia oi?aae?iiy aoaeoeai?noth
aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a aeaeo?ioaoi?/ieo eiiieaenao //Iaoa??aee i’yoi?
i?aeia?iaei. iaoe. – oaoi. eiioa?. «Eiio?ieue ? oi?aae?iiy a neeaaeieo
nenoaiao (EONN – 99). – A?iieoey: Oi?aa?noi. A?iieoey». 1999. – n. 153 –
157.

36. A.n.1259237 (NNN?). IEE G 05 F1/70 Aaoiiaoe/aneee ?aaoeyoi?
eiiaeainaoi?iuo aaoa?ae SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / ?iaaeueneee A.N.,
Haiaeaiaea A.I., Aeaiia A.Ae., Aeieo?ao A.A. SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s
14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae. 2.09.85; Iioae. 23.03.87;
Athe. ?11. – 3 n. ee.

37. A.n.1298378 (NNN?). IEE A 21 N 39/00 Niinia ii?aaeaeaiey e?aiinoe
ai?iuo ii?iae a ianneaa SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / ?iaaeueneee A.N.,
Aeieo?ao A.A. SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s
14 / Cayae. 2.09.85; Iioae. 23.03.87; Athe. ?11. – 3 n. ee.

38. A.n. 1317105 (NNN?). IEE A 21 A 44/00 Ono?ienoai aeey ecia?aiey
ao?eiinoe ai?iie ii?iaeu SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / ?iaaeueneee
A.N., Aeieo?ao A.A., ?iiaithe E.I. SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 /
SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae. 8.07.85; Iioae. 15.06.87; Athe.
?22. – 3 n. ee.

39. A.n. 1416961 (NNN?). IEE G 05 F1/70 Aaoiiaoe/aneee ?aaoeyoi?
eiiaeainaoi?iuo aaoa?ae SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / ?iaaeueneee A.N.,
Aeieo?ao A.A., Iaiaeaiaea A.I., Aeaiia A.Ae. SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s
14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae. 11.08.86; Iioae. 15.08.88;
Athe. ?30. – 6 n. ee.

40. A.n. 1421851 (NNN?). IEE E 21 B 44/00 Ono?ienoai aeey ecia?aiey
ao?eiinoe ai?iie ii?iaeu SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / ?iaaeueneee
A.N., Aeieo?ao A.A. SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae. 24.12.86; Iioae. 07.09.88; Athe. ?33. – 3 n. ee.

41. A.n. 1430510 (NNN?). IEE E 21 B 47/04 Ono?ienoai aeey ecia?aiey
aeoaeiu neaaaeeiu a i?ioeanna ao?aiey SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 /
?iaaeueneee A.N., ?iiaithe E.I., Aeieo?ao A.A. SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s
14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae. 16.02.87; Iioae. 15.10.88;
Athe. ?38. – 2 n. ee.

42. A.N. 1446612 (NNN?). IEE G 21 F1/70 Aaoiiaoe/aneee ?aaoeyoi?
eiiaeainaoi?iuo aaoa?ae SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / ?iaaeueneee A.N.,
Aeaiia A.Ae., Aeieo?ao A.A. SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae. 12.01.87; Iioae. 23.12.88; Athe. ?47. – 3 n. ee.

43. A.n. 1449979 (NNN?). IEE G 05 F1/70. Niinia aaoiiaoe/aneiai
?aaoee?iaaiey iiuiinoe eiiaeainaoi?iuo aaoa?ae SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s
14 / ?iaaeueneee A.N., Aeieo?ao A.A. SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 /
SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae. 22.01.87; Iioae. 22.01.87; Athe.
?1. – 5 n. ee.

44. A.n.1474796 (NNN?). IEE H 02 J 13/00. Ono?ienoai aeey
aaoiiaoe-/aneiai oi?aaeaiey yeaeo?e/aneie iaa?oceie i?aaei?eyoey SYMBOL
47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / ?iaaeueneee A.N., Aeieo?ao A.A. SYMBOL 47 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae. 12.05.87; Iioae.
23.04.89; Athe. ?15. – 5 n. ee.

45. A.n. 1624707 (NNN?). IEE H 05 B 7/148. Nenoaia oi?aaeaiey
yeaeo?e/aneei ?aaeeiii a?oiiu aeoaiauo yeaeo?iia/ae a /anu iaeneioia
aeoeaiie iaa?ocee yia?ainenoaiu SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 /
?iaaeueneee A.N., Aeaiia A.Ae., Eaaieia A.I., Aeieo?ao A.A. SYMBOL 47
\f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae. 24.03.89;
Iioae. 30.01.91; Athe. ?4. – 4 n. ee.

46. A.n. 1624138 (NNN?). IEE E 21 B 45/00. Ono?ienoai aeey ecia?aiey
ao?eiinoe ai?iuo ii?iae SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / ?iaaeueneee A.N.,
Aeieo?ao A.A. SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s
14 / Cayae. 16.02.89; Iioae. 30.01.91; Athe. ?4. – 3 n. ee.

47. A.n. 1635241 (NNN?). IEE H 02 J 13/00. Ono?ienoai aeey
aaoiiaoe/aneiai oi?aaeaiey yeaeo?e/aneie iaa?oceie i?aaei?eyoey SYMBOL
47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / ?iaaeueneee A.N., Aeieo?ao A.A. SYMBOL 47 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae. 29.06.87; Iioae.
15.03.91; Athe. ?10.- 8 n. ee.

48. A.n. 1686424 (NNN?). IEE G 05 F1/70. Aaoiiaoe/aneee ?aaoeyoi?
eiiaeainaoi?iuo aaoa?ae SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / ?iaaeueneee A.N.,
Aeaiia A.Ae., Aeieo?ao A.A., Aeothe A.I., Iaiaeaiaea A.I. SYMBOL 47 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae. 3.07.89; Iioae.
23.10.91; Athe. ?39. – 3 n. ee.

49. A.n. 1837269(NNN?). IEE G 05 F 1/70. Aaoiiaoe/aneee ?aaoeyoi?
eiiaeainaoi?iuo aaoa?ae SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / ?iaaeueneee A.N.,
Aeaiia A.Ae., Iaiaeaiaea A.I., Eaaieia A.I. SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14
/ SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae. 10.12.90; Iioae. 30.08.93; Athe.
?32. – 14 n. ee.

50. Iaoaio 2051405 (?O). IEE G 05 F1/70. Ono?ienoai aeey aaoiiaoe/aneiai
oi?aaeaiey eiiiaine?othuae onoaiiaeie SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 /
?iaaeueneee A.N., Iaiaeaiaea A.I. SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL
47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae. 9.03.92; Iioae. 27.12.95; Athe. ?35. – 9
n. ee.

51. Iaoaio 2052215 (?O). IEE G 05 F 1/70. Aaoiiaoe/aneee ?aaoeyoi?
eiiaeainaoi?iuo aaoa?ae SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / ?iaaeueneee
A.N., Aeothe A.I. SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol”
\s 14 / Cayae.02.08.91; Iioae. 10.01.96; Athe. ?1. – 6 n. ee.

52. Iaoaio 2066939 (?O). IEE I 05 A 7/148, G 05 F 1/66. Nenoaia
oi?aaeaiey ?aaeeiii aeoaiauo noaeaieaaeeueiuo ia/ae. SYMBOL 47 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 / Aeaiia A.Ae., ?iaaeueneee A.N., Neaaaiei Y.E., Eaaieia
A.I., Aeieo?ao A.A., Nae?eaeia I.I. SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 /
SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae. 30.01.91; Iioae. 20.09.96; Athe.
?21. – 4 n. ee.

53. A.N. 1577083 (NNN?). IEE I 05 A 7/148, G 05 F 1/66. Nenoaia
oi?aaeaiey yeaeo?e/aneei ?aaeeiii aeoaiauo yeaeo?iia/ae a /anu iaeneioia
aeoeaiie iaa?ocee yia?ainenoaiu. SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Aiioei
A.A., Ea?aoaaa Y.A., Oeuieooei TH.A., Ni?ieei E.A., Iooii A.N., Aeaiia
A.Ae., ?iaaeueneee A.N., Neaaaiei Y.E., Eaaieia A.I., Aeieo?ao A.A.
SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / SYMBOL 47 \f “Symbol” \s 14 / Cayae.
30.05.88; Iioae. 07.07.90; Athe. ?25.-6 n. ee.

Iniaenoee aianie aaoi?a iieyaa? a ?icaeoeo oai??? ?ic?aooieo
aeaeo?i-niiaeeaaiiy ? eiiiainoth/eo onoaiiaie ia iniia? cai?iiiiiaaieo
i?aeoiae?a, e?eoa???a, niinia?a, iiaeaeae ? iaoiae?a oa a ?icaeoeo iiaeo
iai?yie?a o aecia/aii? oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae a??ie/eo ii??ae ?
aaoiiaoe/iiio oi?aae?ii? eiiiainoth/eie onoaiiaeaie, o/ano? a
aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiyo oa o ai?iaaaeaeaii? ?ic?iaie.

Iniaenoee aianie a ?iaioao, iaienaieo o ni?aaaoi?noa?: 6, 9 – 13, 15,
17, 20, 22-24, 27-31 – ?ic?iaea iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae ? iaoiaeeee ?o
aeei?enoaiiy; 32, 34 – o/anoue a ?ic?iaoe? iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae,
niinia?a ? aeai?eoi?a ?ica’ycaiiy caaea/ ? iaoeiaa ea??aieoeoai; 36 –
41, 43, 45 – 47, 50, 51 – ?ic?iaea ?aeae ? oi?ioe aeiaoiae?a ?
iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae aecia/aiiy onoaaie aeey nenoai ? i?eno?i?a, a
oaeiae o/anoue a ?ic?iaoe? no?oeoo?ieo noai, iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae ?
aeai?eoi?a oi?aae?iiy; 42, 48, 49 – o/anoue a ?ic?iaoe? ?aeae, oi?ioe,
no?oeoo?ieo noai, iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae ? aeai?eoi?a oi?aae?iiy; 49, 52,
53 – iaoeiaa ea??aieoeoai.

?iaaeuenueeee A.N. Iaoiaee ?ic?aooieo aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ? eiiiainoth/eo
onoaiiaie oa nenoaie oi?aae?iiy ieie (ia i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao,
aeeth/ath/e ia?oaei? ea?’??e). – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a oaoi?/ieo iaoe ca
niaoe?aeuei?noth 05.09.03 – «Aeaeo?ioaoi?/i? eiiieaene ? nenoaie.» –
Iaoe?iiaeueia a??ie/a aeaaeai?y Oe?a?ie. Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, 1999.

A ?iaio? ?icaeaathoueny ieoaiiy oai??? ?ic?aooieo aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ?
eiiiainoth/eo onoaiiaie. ?ic?iaeai? iia? i?aeoiaee, iiaeae? ? iaoiaee
aeey aecia/aiiy ? i?iaiico ao?aeieo aeoeaieo ? ?aaeoeaieo iiooaeiinoae,
ii?iaoeaieo aeo?ao ? ao?ao aeaeo?iaia?a?? (onoaaie aeey nenoai
oi?aae?iiy ? eiio?ieth). ?icaeaa?oueny iiaee iai?yiie noai?aiiy nenoai
eiio?ieth aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy a??ie/eo iaoei ? oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae
ii??ae (a oaii? i?ioeano), yeee a?oioo?oueny ia aeei?enoaii? ieoiii?
aia?ai?iiino? aeneaaaoe?? ? ao??iiy. ?ic?iaeaii eiiieaen nenoai
eiio?ieth aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy ? eaoaai??e ii??ae oa aeao/ee aeeaeie
ao??iiy. ?icaeaa?oueny oaeiae iiaee iai?yiie noai?aiiy nenoai
aaoiiaoe/iiai iioeiaeueiiai (ca e?eoa???i i?i?iaeueieo ao?ao) oi?aae?iiy
eiiiainoth/eie onoaiiaeaie. ?ic?iaeai? niiniae, i?e?ii?ioeani?i?
nenoaie, i?eno?i? ? aeai?eoie oi?aae?iiy, ye? caaacia/othoue aeiiae
aia?ainenoaie ? i?i?i?caoe?th ao?ao a ia?aaeao niiaeeaa/?a.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: aoaeoeai?noue aeaeo?iniiaeeaaiiy, ii?iaoeai? aeo?aoe ?
ao?aoe, oaoiieia?/i? aeanoeaino? ii??ae, eiiiainaoe?y, eiio?ieue,
oi?aae?iiy.

?iaaeueneee A.N. Iaoiaeu ?an/aoa yeaeo?iiio?aaeaiey e eiiiaine?othueo
onoaiiaie e nenoaiu oi?aaeaiey eie (ia i?iiuoeaiiuo i?aaei?eyoeyo,
aeeth/ay ia?oaeiua ea?uea?u). – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie aeieoi?a oaoie/aneeo iaoe ii
niaoeeaeueiinoe 05.09.03 – «Yeaeo?ioaoie/aneea eiiieaenu e nenoaiu.» –
Iaoeeiiaeueiay ai?iay aeaaeaiey Oe?aeiu. Aeiai?iiao?iane, 1999.

A ?aaioa ?acaeaathony aii?inu oai?ee ?an/aoa yeaeo?iiio?aaeaiey e
eiiiaine?othueo onoaiiaie, iiaua iai?aaeaiey a ii?aaeaeaiee
oaoiieiae/aneeo naienoa ai?iuo ii?iae (ii oaeaeueiie yia?aiaieinoe
oaoiieiae/aneeo i?ioeannia) e nicaeaiey nenoai iioeiaeueiiai (ii
e?eoa?eth ieieiaeueiuo iioa?ue) aaoiiaoe/aneiai oi?aaeaiey
eiiiaine?othueie onoaiiaeaie ia iniiaa ?ac?aaioee iiauo iiaeoiaeia,
e?eoa?eaa, niiniaia, iaoiaeia e iiaeaeae. Iniiaie oi?ie?iaaiey ianneaa
aeaiiuo e iiiaeo ?ac?aaioie iineoaeeee ?acoeueoaou yenia?eiaioaeueiuo
enneaaeiaaiee aeaeo?iiio?aaeaiey a oneiaeyo ia?oaeiuo ea?uea?ia.

Iieacaii, /oi aeey i?iaiica iaeneiaeueieo iieaa?oaeueieo iaa?ocie
(onoaaie aeey nenoai oi?aaeaiey) iaeaieaa yooaeoeaiu ei?aeyoeeiiiua
iiaeaee (iia?aoiinoue i?iaiica iaoiaeeony a i?aaeaeao SYMBOL 177 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 ± 5%). ?ac?aaioaiu nenoaiu iioeiaeueiiai (ii e?eoa?eth
ieieiaeueiuo iioa?ue) oi?aaeaiey yeaeo?e/aneie iaa?oceie, iicaieythueo
oiaiueoeoue iioa?e yeaeo?iyia?aee e aa noieiinoue e iiauneoue ea/anoai
iai?yaeaiey.

Aeey iiauoaiey oi/iinoe ii?aaeaeaiey ii?i (ia?aiao?ia aeey nenoai
eiio?iey) i?aaeeiaeaii ?yae iiaeoiaeia (i?yiiai ii?aaeaeaiey ii?i
yenia?eiaioaeueiei iooai e oe?ieie eo aeeooa?aioeeaoeee ii ioaeaeueiui
ianoi?iaeaeaieyi, onooiai e o.ae.; oe?oiiaiey oaoiieiae/aneeo oceia,
aeey eioi?uo ii?aaeaeythony ii?iu; auaeaeaiea iao?eaaaiiai ianneaa
ai?iuo ii?iae e ?ac?uoeaiiiai ac?uaii a ea/anoaa iauaeoia aeey
ii?ie?iaaiey, ieaie?iaaiey, o/aoa e eiio?iey aeaeo?iiio?aaeaiey;
eniieueciaaiea e?eauo oaeaeueiiai yeaeo?iiio?aaeaiey aeey aai i?iaiica e
oaeaeueiuo ii?i aeey ii?aaeaeaiey e ii?ie?iaaiey iioa?ue
yeaeo?iyia?aee), ia iniiaa eioi?uo ?ac?aaioaiu iaoiaeu “oaoiieiae/aneeo
ii?i” (aeey ?an/aoa oeaoiauo e caaiaeneeo ii?i), ii?aaeaeaiey e
ii?ie?iaaiey iioa?ue yeaeo?iyia?aee, iiaeaee i?iaiica oaeaeueiiai
yeaeo?iiio?aaeaiey ii aoiaeiuo e(eee) auoiaeiuo ia?aiao?ao ?aaeeia
ao?aiey (yeneaaaoeee) e aeieain?i/iiai i?iaiica iauaai
yeaeo?iiio?aaeaiey n eniieueciaaieai e?eauo ?ani?aaeaeaiey, iicaieythueo
ii n?aaiaieth n ecaanoiuie iaoiaeaie e iiaeoiaeaie aeiaeoueny i?eaieaiie
oi/iinoe ?an/aoia yeaeo?iiio?aaeaiey.

?ac?aaioaiu e?eoa?ee, niiniau e ?aaeecothuea eo nenoaiu eiio?iey
yeaeo?iiio?aaeaiey ai?iuo iaoei, oaoiieiae/aneeo naienoa ai?iuo ii?iae e
ea/anoaa ianniauo ac?uaia, ioee/athueony io ecaanoiuo aieueoae
oi/iinoueth e eioi?iaoeaiinoth, oaeianoaii ecia?aiey a i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo
oneiaeyo e aiciiaeiinoueth aaoiiaoecaoeee i?ioeanna ecia?aiey.
I?aaeeiaeai iaoiae iino?iaiey oaoiieiae/aneeo oeae ao?eiinoe e
aeneaaaoeee ai?iuo ii?iae e ioeaiee ea/anoaa ianiauo ac?uaia. Nicaeai
aeao/ee aeoaeiu ao?aiey neaaaeei.

I?aaeeiaeaii ?yae iiaeoiaeia, e?eoa?eaa e caaeneiinoae, iineoaeeaoea
iniiaie aeey ?ac?aaioee iaoiaeia iiyoaiiiai ?an/aoa EO, caeeth/athueany
a iineaaeiaaoaeueiii ?aoaiee yeiiiie/aneie caaea/e E?I ii e?eoa?eth
ieieiaeueiuo cao?ao e aa ei??aeoe?iaaiee ii oneiaeth nieaeaiey iiuiinoe
o?ainoi?iaoi?ia e naoae eee ioaeaeaiey n?ieia eo ?aeiino?oeoeee,
aaeainiaie caaea/e – ii e?eoa?eth ieieiaeueiuo iioa?ue e aa
ei??aeoe?iaaiee i?e iaauiieiaiee oaoie/aneeo ia?aie/aiee eee ionoonoaey
EO a iaeioi?uo oceao, yeiiiie/aneie e aaeainiaie – n iiceoeee
ioaeaeueiiai iio?aaeoaey, /oi iicaieyao oi?inoeoue ?an/aou, nicaeaoue
i?aaeiinueee aeey iioeiaeueiiai (ii e?eoa?eth ieieiaeueiuo iioa?ue)
oi?aaeaiey EO e iiauneoue yia?aiyooaeoeaiinoue eiiiainaoeee.

?ac?aaioai eiiieaen niiniaia, aeai?eoiia, i?ia?aii e nenoai
iioeiaeueiiai (ii e?eoa?eth ieieiaeueiuo iioa?ue) aaoiiaoe/aneiai
oi?aaeaiey eiiiaine?othueie onoaiiaeaie, iicaieythueo iaacia/eaaoue
o?aaiaaiey YN e iio?aaeaieth ?aaeoeaiie iiuiinoe ec aa naoe e
ieieiecaoeeth iioa?ue a naoyo iio?aaeoaeae i?e anao aiciiaeiuo ?aaeeiao
aa iio?aaeaiey.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: yooaeoeaiinoue yeaeo?iiio?aaeaiey, ii?iaoeaiua ?anoiaeu
e iioa?e, oaoiieiae/aneea naienoaa ii?iae, eiiiainaoeey, eiio?ieue,
oi?aaeaiea.

B.S. Rogalsky. Methods of electrical energy consumption and compensating
units calculation and their control systems (at industrial enterprises
including quarries). – Manuscript.

Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Science (Engineering) in the
specialty 05.09.03 “Electrical-technical complexes and systems.” –
National Mining Academy Ukraine. Dnepropetrovsk, 1999.

The dissertation deals with theoretical questions of the calculation of
electric energy consumption and compensating units. New approaches,
models and methods for determination and forecast of input active and
reactive powers, energy consumption and normalized losses (in control
system units) have been suggested in working out control systems of
energy consumption of mining machines and determination (in real time)
of technological properties of mine rocks based upon the use of specific
energy capacity of drilling and excavation operations.

The complex of control system of energy consumption and mining rock
determination as well as the censor of the drilling depth have been
worked out. A new approach to the development of optimum as far as the
losses are concerned) automatic control systems of electrical load and
compensating units has been suggested. New techniques, microprocessor –
based control systems and devices, control algorithms which meet the
requirements of power system and minimize consumer losses have been
worked out.

Key words: efficiency of power consumption, normalization of load,
technological properties of mining rocks, compensating units, control.

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