.

Міжнародно-правове регулювання статусу трудящих-мігрантів: Автореф. дис… канд. юрид. наук / Абу Салех Мухамед, НАН України. Ін-т держави і права ім.

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IAOe?IIAEUeIA AEAAeAI?ss IAOE OE?A?IE

?INOEOOO AeA?AEAAE ? I?AAA ?i.A.I.EI?AOeUeEIAI

AAO NAEAO IOOAIAAe

OAeE 341:325. 1/3

I?AEIA?IAeII-I?AAIAA ?AAOETHAAIIss

NOAOONO O?OAessUEO -I?A?AIO?A

Niaoe?aeuei?noue 12.00.11 — i?aeia?iaeia i?aai

AAOI?AOA?AO

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa th?eaee/ieo iaoe

Ee?a-1999Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien:

?iaioa aeeiiaia o a?aeae?e? i?aeia?iaeiiai i?aaa ?inoeoooo aea?aeaae ?
i?aaa ?i. A.I.Ei?aoeueeiai Iaoe?iiaeueii? aeaaeai?? iaoe Oe?a?ie.

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee aeieoi? th?eaee/ieo iaoe,i?ioani?

?A?IOIA Aieiaeeie? ?naeiae/,

i?ia?aeiee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee

?inoeoooo aea?aeaae ? i?aaa ?i.

A.I.Ei?aoeueeiai IAI Oe?a?ie

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe aeieoi? th?eaee/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?

NAIAe?IANUeEEE Einoyioei

Einoyioeiiae/,

i?ioani? ?inoeoo i?aeia?iaeieo
a?aeiinei

Ee?anueeiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?i
O.A.Oaa/aiea

eaiaeeaeao th?eaee/ieo iaoe,
aeioeaio

IA?AAEEI Ieaenaiae? Ieaenaiae?iae/,

aeioeaio Aeeieiiaoe/ii? aeaaeai??

ICN Oe?a?ie

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa Iaoe?iiaeueia th?eaee/ia aeaaeai?y Oe?a?ie

?i. ss?ineaaa Ioae?iai, eaoaae?a

i?aeia?iaeiiai i?aaa oa ?iicaiiiai

caeiiiaeaanoaa (i.Oa?e?a)

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “2 “_ea?oiy 1999?. i _15.00 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae.26.236.03 ii caoenoo
aeena?oaoe?e ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a th?eaee/ieo iaoe a
?inoeooo? aea?aeaae ? i?aaa ?i. A.I.Ei?aoeueeiai Iaoe?iiaeueii?
aeaaeai?? iaoe Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith 252001, i. Ee?a, aoe.
O?ueionayoeoaeuenueea, 4

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny a a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaii “30 ”_aa?aciy_1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
ONAIEI ?.A.

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iai?ee?ioe? XX noie?ooy a ?acoeueoao?
?noi?e/ieo aaiiie?oe/ieo ci?i (?iciaae N?N?, cieeiaiiy nioe?ae?noe/iiai
oaai?o, iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie aeiiii?/ii? ?ioaa?aoe?? a iaaeao
?a?iiaenueeiai Nithco, noai?aiiy iiaeo oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo
ia’?aeiaiue, iiaeaeueoa aeiaae?caoe?y i?ioean?a ae?iaieoeoaa ? iai?io oa
?yaeo ?ioeo oaeoi??a) i?a?aoe?ei? yaeua iaaoee iniaeeai na?eiciiai
cia/aiiy aeey ?icaeoeo na?oo a oe?eiio oa ie?aieo eiai ?aa?ii?a. sse
na?ae/aoue aeai?, iaaaaeai? o aeiiia?ae? I?aeia?iaeiiai ath?i i?aoe? ia
o?ueionoi?iii?e cono??/? a IAI 21-25 ea?oiy 1997 ?., ni?ie aeaa
i?eueeiie o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ciooai? iiaiaeaeoaaoeny ia i?eieceea? aeey
ethaenueei? a?aeiino? oiiae i?aoe? a aeanyoeao e?a?i na?oo, ye? ia ? ?o
aaouee?aueiith. O e?a?iao, ui ?icaeaathoueny, /enaeuei?noue ?iai/i? neee
c?inoa? ui??/ii ia 38 i?eueeii?a /ieia?e, ye? aeeaathoueny o
aaaaoii?eueeiiio a?i?th aac?ia?oieo, ye? ia iathoue ?iaioe a iao /an.
sse iieaco? ae?eni?noue iaoeo aei?a, i?a?aoe?ei? iioiee c?inoathoue, a
?o iaeaaaeeea?oei eiiiiiaioii noa? o?oaeiaa i?a?aoe?y.

A?aanueeee na?o ? iaeiei ?c iniiaieo ?aeii?a i?aeia?iaeii? o?oaeiai?
i?a?aoe?? — ia?ai?uaiiy ?iai/i? neee ca iaae? nai?o e?a?i c iaoith
oei/aniaiai i?aoeaaeaoooaaiiy ca ei?aeiiii. Ia ii/aoeo aeaa’yiinoeo
?ie?a ?iicaiia ?iai/a neea noaiiaeea a aea?aeaaao Ia?nueei? caoiee a
na?aaeiueiio 63,2% caaaeueii? e?eueeino? o?oaeyueo, aeinyaath/e a
Ia’?aeiaieo A?aanueeeo Ai??aoao — 91%, Eaoa?? — 81%, Eoaaeo? — 79%,
Iiai? — 61%, Naoae?anuee?e A?aa?? — 55% ? a Aao?aei? — 53%.

Iniaeeai aieth/o nioe?aeueii-i?aaiao i?iaeaio noaiiaeoue o?oaeiaa
i?a?aoe?y iaeanoeioe?a aei ?c?a?eth, eoaee ui??/ii ?c oa?eoi???
Aaoiiii?? Iaeanoeie i?eaoaathoue aeanyoee oeny/ o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a.

O ?a?ii?, aea ??aaiue i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy noaoono o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a
? a?eueo aenieei, neooaoe?y c o?oaeiaith i?a?aoe??th ? oaeiae aeineoue
neeaaeiith. Oae, o O?aioe?? iae?/o?oueny aeecueei 100 oen. iino?eieo
?ii?a?aio?a, c yeeo 80oen. ?c e?a?i, ye? ia aoiaeyoue aei ?a?iiaenueeiai
Nithco, a I?ia//ei? — aeecueei 150 oen. naciiieo ?ia?oiee?a ? ua 100
oen. ?iicaiieo o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a, o *ao??, ca noaiii .ia 1996 ?.,
ia?aaoaaei 67,3 oen. ?iicaioe?a, ui iaee aeica?e i?aoethaaoe o oe?e
e?a?i?.

O e?a?iao NIAe o ?acoeueoao? iacaaeia?eueiiai nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai
noaiiaeua, yea noi?iaiaeaeo?oueny no??ieei iaae?iiyi ??aiy aeeooy, ye
oei/aniaa, oae ? iino?eia i?a?aoe?y, iathoue oaiaeaioe?th aei
iaooeeueiiai c?inoaiiy.

Oe?a?ia, yea o neeaae? N?N? aoea a?aenoi?iiaia a?ae i?aeia?iaeieo
i?a?aoe?eieo iioie?a, i?ney ?iciaaeo N?N? noaea e?a?iith, /a?ac yeo
eaeooue ?ioaineai? i?a?aoe?ei? iioiee. O 1996 ?. aei Oe?a?ie i?eaoei
129538 /ie., a 246774 /ie. ?? caeeoeee. I?eaoaathoue o?oaeyu?-i?a?aioe
?c NIAe, oe?a?ioe? a?aei?aaeythoueny ia iiooee ?iaioe a ?in?th, e?a?ie
Oeaio?aeueii? oa Cao?aeii? ?a?iie.

C naiiai ii/aoeo aeieeiaiiy yaeua o?oaeiai? i?a?aoe?? iinoaee i?iaeaie,
iia‘ycai? c a?aenooi?noth aecia/aiiai i?aaiaiai noaoono
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a, ?o i?aaiaiai caoenoo. A ?acii c oei c?inoaei
ona?aeiieaiiy oiai, ui, ye ? a aaaaoueio ?ioeo noa?ao nioe?aeueieo
a?aeiinei, ?aaoethaaoe ye? iieeeeai? ii?ie i?aeia?iaeiiai o?oaeiaiai
i?aaa, ae??oaiiy i?iaeaie o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a noaiiaeoue ?ioa?an ye aeey
ie?aieo e?a?i, oae ? aeey i?aeia?iaeiiai ni?aoiaa?enoaa aea?aeaa o
oe?eiio.

I?aeia?iaeia i?aai?caoe?y i?aoe?, yea ca naith iaeaea 80-??/io ?noi??th
noai?eea eiaeaen ii?i i?aeia?iaeiiai o?oaeiaiai i?aaa, iaiaeii?aciai
caa?oaeany aei i?iaeaie caaacia/aiiy i?aaiaiai caoenoo
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ? /eai?a ?o n?iae. Aeinoaoiuei iacaaoe eiiaaioe?? ?
97, 118, 143 ? 157, ye? ?aaeaiaioothoue ??ci? aniaeoe i?aaiaiai noaoono
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a. Ia ?a?iiaenueeiio ??ai? — oea ?a?iiaenueea
eiiaaioe?y i?i i?aaiaee noaoon o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a 1977 ?. (?aaea
?a?iie). Iniaeeaee i?aaiaee caoeno o?oaeyuei-i?a?aioai caaacia/o?oueny a
iaaeao nenoaie ?a?iiaenueei? nioe?aeueii? oa?o?? (?aaea ?a?iie). Ne?ae
a?aei?oeoe, ui ?aaea ?a?iie i?eae?ey? iniaeeao oaaao ?icaeyaeoaai?e a
aeena?oaoe?? i?iaeai? (iaaaaeaii ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ia?eaiaionueei? Anaiaea?
?aaee ?a?iie 1277 (1995), 1306 (1996), 1327 (1997), 1334 (1997). Iiao
aeaao a ?noi??? ?icaeoeo ?inoeoooo i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaiai caoenoo
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a a?aee?eea i?eeiyoa a a?oaei? 1990 ?ieo Aaia?aeueiith
Anaiaea?th III I?aeia?iaeia eiiaaioe?y i?i caoeno i?aa on?o
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ? /eai?a ?o n?iae, yea yaey? niaith anaioiiethth/ee
i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaee aeo, o yeiio ciaeoee cae??ieaiiy aeaoaeueii
?ic?iaeaia nenoaia niaoeeo?/ieo i?aa on?o o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ? /eai?a
?o n?iae, a oaeiae iaoai?cie caoenoo oeeo i?aa. Ia iaaecae/aeio
aaaeeea?noue ae??oaiiy oeueiai caaaeaiiy i?aeia?iaeiiai ni?aoiaa?enoaa o
aaeoc? i?aa ethaeeie aeacaea ? Anana?oiy eiioa?aioe?y c i?aa ethaeeie
(A?aeaiue, 1993 ?.), i?aee?aneeaoe, ui “noai?aiiy oiia aeey aeinyaiaiiy
a?eueoi? aa?iii?? ? oa?ieiino? i?ae o?oaeyueie-i?a?aioaie ?
noni?euenoaii, a yeiio aiie aeeaooue, ia? iniaeeai aaaeeeaa cia/aiiy”,
i?e oeueiio an? aea?aeaae caeeeeathoueny “aa?aiooaaoe caoeno i?aa
ethaeeie, an?o o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a oa ?o n?iae”11) UN Doc. A/Couf.
157/23, §33,34,35.) .

Aeey Oe?a?ie, yea ia? naith aeanio i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiao iiceoe?th
iacaeaaeii? aeaiie?aoe/ii? aea?aeaae, ona?aeiieaiiy aaaeeeaino? i?iaeaie
i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaiai caoenoo o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ? iaiao?aeiino? ??
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ii? ?ic?iaee, ? aeoaea aeooaeueiei ? a ieai? caoenoo
oe?a?inueeeo o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ca ei?aeiiii ? oeea?e?ciaaiiai
ae??oaiiy i?iaeaie ?iicaiieo o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a a Oe?a?i?. Iaoeia?
?ic?iaee c oeueiai ieoaiiy ni?eyoeiooue iiaeaeueo?e ?aoeo?eaoe??
Oe?a?iith a?aeiia?aeieo i?aeia?iaeieo aeiaiai??a ? i?eaaaeaiith ??’
caeiiiaeaanoaa o a?aeiia?aei?noue c i?aeia?iaeieie noaiaea?oaie caoenoo
i?aa o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a.

??aaiue aeine?aeaeaiino? iinoaaeaii? i?iaeaie. Aeey eieeoiueiai
?aaeyinueeiai Nithco i?iaeaie i?aeia?iaeii? o?oaeiai? i?a?aoe?? ia
?nioaaei i? a i?aeoe/iiio, i? a i?aaiaiio ieai?. ?aaeyinuee?
th?enoe-i?aeia?iaeieee yeui ? aena?oethaaee oeth i?iaeaio, oi aeeeth/ii
o ieai? e?eoeee eai?oae?noe/ii? ae?eniino?. Aeeaiea ?ic?iaeaiiy ieoaiiy
aoei c?iaeaia a oie /an oe?a?inueeei aeine?aeieeii I.I.Iantheii.

Ie?ai? aniaeoe i?iaeaie aena?oethaaeeny a caaaeueieo ?iaioao c
i?aeia?iaeiiai o?oaeiaiai i?aaa A. I.Aiaoenoiaa,
A.A.Aaothea.A.N.Aeiaaa?oa, A.I.AEa?eiaa, N.A.?aaiiaa, ?.ss.Eenaeueiaa,
TH.Ae.Eaaoi?ia, E.A.Eoioea, I.I.Oeueyiiai?, A.A.Oeoia?aa oa ?i.

A?aenooi?noue niaoe?aeueieo iaoeiaeo ?ia?o-aeine?aeaeaiue, i?enay/aieo
i?iaeai? i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaiai caoenoo o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a, iaaea?
iniaeeai? aeooaeueiino? eiaei?e iia?e ?iaio? ia oeth oaio, ye?
ii/eiathoue c’yaeyoeny a Oe?a?i?.

Ca”ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Oaia
aeena?oaoe?? ? neeaaeiaith /anoeiith ieaiiai? oaie ?inoeoooo aea?aeaae ?
i?aaa ?i. A.I.Ei?aoeueeiai IAI Oe?a?ie “Oi?ioaaiiy i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiai?
iiceoe?? Oe?a?ie a aaeoc? caoenoo i?aa ethaeeie”, yea ?ic?iaeyeany a
iaaeao i?iaeaie “Oe?a?ia a nenoai? no/aniiai i?aeia?iaeiiai
i?aaiii?yaeeo: oai??y ? i?aeoeea”.

Iaoa ? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoith aeena?oaoe?? ? aecia/aiiy
noaoono o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ca?aeii c no/aniei i?aeia?iaeiei i?aaii,
nooiaith aeciaiiy i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaeo ii?i aea?aeaaaie ? ?o
?aae?caoe?? o aioo??oiueiio i?aaiii?yaeeo, aea/aiiy iniaeeainoae
i?aaeiaoa ?aaoethaaiiy ? ci?noo ii?i, a oaeiae aiae?c iaoai?ci?a
i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaiai caoenoo. o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a. Iniaeeao oaaao
i?eae?eaii cia/aiith aeciaiiy i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaiai noaoono ca
o?oaeyueie-i?a?aioaie a Oe?a?i? oa ?c?a?e?.

Iinoaaeaia iaoa aecia/eea iaiao?aei?noue aeeiiaiiy oaeeo caaaeaiue:

— oai?aoe/ii inieneeoe /eiio nenoaio i?aeia?iaeiiai caoenoo
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a c oei, uia aecia/eoe ?? i?e?iaeo oa nooi?noue;

— aeyaeoe niaoeeo?/i? i?eioeeie, ye? iieeaaeai? a iniiao
i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy noaoono o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a:

— iieacaoe, a /iio iieyaa? i?eioeeiiaa iniaeea?noue ? neeaae nenoaie
i?aa, aac yeeo o?oaeyuee-i?a?aio ia iiaea ?nioaaoe, ia noaiiaey/e
caa?ice aeey e?a?ie ia?aaoaaiiy;

— aena?oeeoe cia/aiiy iaoai?ci?a i?aeia?iaeiiai caoenoo i?aa
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a oa aoaeoeai?noue ?o ae??;

— c?iaeoe aeniiaee oa ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei ?iieaiaioaoe?? i?aeia?iaeieo
eiiaaioe?e, ye? noinothoueny caoenoo i?aa oa ?ioa?an?a
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a.

Ia’?eoii aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy ? i?aeia?iaei? a?aeiineie, ye?
noinothoueny i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy noaoono
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a.

I?aaeiaoii aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy ? i?eioeeie oa ii?ie
i?aeia?iaeiiai i?aaa, ia iniia? yeeo cae?enith?oueny ?aaoethaaiiy
noaoono o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a.

Iaoiaeieia?/ia ? iaoeiai-oai?aoe/ia iniiaa aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aeena?oaoe?y
a?oioo?oueny ia i?eioeei?, ui neeaany a no/aniiio i?aeia?iaeiiio
o?oaeiaiio i?aa?, yeee aeiaaa? a?ae aea?aeaa iine?aeiaii? ?aoeo?eaoe??
eiiaaioe?e i?i i?aoeth ? aaeeooy caoiae?a uiaei ?iieaiaioaoe??
i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaeo ii?i.

I?e i?iaaaeaii? aeine?aeaeaiiy cae?enithaaany aiae?c nioe?aeueieo
i?ioean?a a ?aeiino? c iio?aaaie i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy,
aeei?enoiaoaaeeny oae? niaoe?aeuei? iaoiaee th?eaee/ieo iaoe, ye
oi?iaeueii-th?eaee/iee, ?noi?e/iee, ii??aiyeueii-i?aaiaee, nenoaiiee.

Aaaeeeaa cia/aiiy aeey ?ic?iaee oaie aeena?oaoe?? iaei aea/aiiy i?aoeue
oe?a?inueeeo oa ?iicaiieo aaoi??a: A.A.Aooeaae/a, A.I.Aeaieniaa,
A.?.?a?ioiaa, A.I.Ei?aoeueeiai, ?.?.Eoeaooea, I.I.Ianthea,
I.I.?aa?iiae/a, E.E.Naiae?ianueeiai, TH.1.?eia?aiea, Ae.N.A??ena,
E.Oaie?ia, N.Eanoeana, A.Eaeuecaia, ?aaeoaiaA.Oaaaia, I.Ninnie? oa ?i..

Aeey aeeaieiai aea/aiiy i?iaeai i?a?aoe?? aeei?enoiaoaaeeny ?iaioe
oaeiae oaeeo a/aieo, ye? ?icaeaathoue oeae iai?yi: N.?.A?oea,
A.A.?aoooa, I.I.Eai?inueeiai, TH.I.Eieiniaa, A.?.Eociaoeiaa,
N.?.Noaeia?ia, ss.A.Naiai?nueei?.

Oai?aoe/ia ? i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy aeena?oaoe?? iieyaa? a oiio, ui i?aaiaee
aiae?c, yeee aiia i?noeoue, iniiai? iieiaeaiiy ? aeniiaee iieacothoue,
ui oeea?e?ciaaia ? aoiaiia ae??oaiiy iniiaieo i?iaeai o?oaeiai?
i?a?aoe??, yea i?aai?/ii i?eoaiaiia no/aniiio na?oo, iiaea a?oiooaaoeny
o?eueee ia ?ic?iaeaieo niaoeeo?/ieo i?aeia?iaeieo noaiaea?oao ? o?eueee
a caaaeueiiio eiioaeno? i?aeia?iaeiiai caoenoo i?aa ethaeeie. Oe?a?ia,
yea ia ?aoeo?eoaaea aeiaeiiai i?aeia?iaeiiai aeiaiai?o i?i caoeno
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a, iiaeiia ii/eiaoe iinooiiaee ?oo ii oeyoo
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a nai? iaoe?iiaeueia i?aai i?aeia?iaeieo noaiaea?o?a
uiaei o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a. ?iaeoe oea, c?icoi?ei, iaiao?aeii c
a?aooaaiiyi ?ic?iaeaii? /a?aiaino? aeacaieo noaiaea?o?a ? aeiiii?/ii?
aioiaiino? e?a?ie.

O i?aeoe/iiio ieai? iieiaeaiiy ? aeniiaee aeena?oaoe?? iiaeooue aooe
aeei?enoai? i?e aeeeaaeaii? (/eoaii? eo?no i?aeia?iaeiiai o?oaeiaiai
i?aaa /e a?aeiia?aeiiai niaoe?aeueiiai eo?no); a i?aaioai?/?e ?iaio?
(aaeineiiaeaiiy iaoe?iiaeueiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa); o i?aaicanoinoaaii?
(canoinoaaiiy ii?i i?aeia?iaeieo aeiaiai??a o aioo??oiueiio
i?aaiii?yaeeo).

Iaoeiaa iiaecia ? iniaenoee aianie aeena?oaioa oa?aeoa?ecothoueny,
ianaiia?aae, oei, ui oea aeine?aeaeaiiy ? ia?oith a oe?a?inuee?e
e?oa?aoo?? i?aeia?iaeiiai i?aaa ni?iaith aena?oeeoe, a?aeiia?aeath/e ia
aeeeee /ano, neeaaeio i?iaeaio caoenoo o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ia
i?aeia?iaeiiio oa iaoe?iiaeueiiio ??ai?. Iiaecia iaoeiaiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy oaeiae iieyaa? o ?ic?iaoe? oai?aoe/ieo iieiaeaiue,
aeniiae?a oa ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e, iaeaaaeeea?oeie na?aae yeeo ?:

— iiiyooy i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaiai caoenoo o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ye nenoaie
ii?i iaoa??aeueiiai i?aaa, i?ioeaaeo? ? iaoai?ci?a, ui iieeaaeathoue ia
aea?aeaae iaia’ycie iaaeaaaoe niaoeeo?/i?e eaoaai??? o?oaeyueo iniaeea?
i?aaa aeey caaacia/aiiy a?aeiiai ethaeeie ?nioaaiiy, a oaeiae caniae
cae?eniaiiy oa caoenoo oeeo i?aa;

— iieiaeaiiy i?i oa, ui i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaa ?aaoethaaiiy a aaeoc?
caoenoo i?aa o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a cae?enith?oueny ia iniia? nenoaie
i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaeo ii?i ? i?eioeei?a, ye? caaacia/othoue a?aooaaiiy
niaoeeo?/iiai noaiiaeua oe??? eaoaai??? o?oaeyueo;

— aecia/aiiy ci?noo, i?aa ? naiaiae o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a, anoaiiaeaieo o
a?aeiia?aeieo i?aeia?iaeieo eiiaaioe?yo;

— aiae?c ??ai?a i?aaiaiai caoenoo o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a a Oe?a?i? oa
?c?a?e? noiniaii ?aoeo?eaoe?? oa ?iieaiaioaoe?? a?aeiia?aeieo
eiiaaioe?e.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy ? ioae?eaoe?e. Aeena?oaoe?y
iaaiai?thaaeany o a?aeae?e? i?aeia?iaeiiai i?aaa ?inoeoooo aea?aeaae ?
i?aaa ?i. A.I.Ei?aoeueeiai IAI Oe?a?ie. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe??
ciaeoee a?aeia?aaeaiiy a 3-o iaoeiaeo ioae?eaoe?yo.

No?oeoo?a ? ianya aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio,
o?ueio ?icae?e?a (8 ia?aa?ao?a), aeniiae?a ? nieneo aeei?enoaii?
e?oa?aoo?e (109 aeaea?ae). Caaaeueiee ianya ?iaioe – 185 noi??iie, c
yeeo 8 noi??iie – nienie aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e.

C I ? N O ? I A I O E

O anooi? iaa?oioiao?oueny aeooaeuei?noue ? ??aaiue iinoaaeaii? i?iaeaie
o i?aeia?iaeiiio i?aa?, aecia/athoueny ?? iaoa ? caaaeaiiy, aea?oueny
oa?aeoa?enoeea ia’?eoa, i?aaeiaoa ? iaoiaeieia?? aeine?aeaeaiiy,
iieacaii oai?aoe/ia ? i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?iaioe, ?? iaoeiaa iiaecia,
iniaenoee aianie aeena?oaioa, nooi?iue ai?iaaoe??, ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?
oa?aeoa? ioae?eaoe?e, a yeeo aeeeaaeai? iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe
aeena?oaoe??.

O ia?oiio ?icae?e? iieacaii, ui i?aeia?iaeiee caoeno i?aa
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ? iaa?ae’?iiith /anoeiith i?aeia?iaeiiai i?aaa i?aa
ethaeeie (i?aeia?iaeiiai caoenoo i?aa ethaeeie ), iiai? aaeoc?
i?aeia?iaeiiai i?aaa, aeey yei? ? oa?aeoa?iei aeia?aaeaeath/ee ?io?
aaeoc? i?aaa ?icaeoie, aeaaeae? c?inoath/a e?euee?noue i?aeia?iaeieo ?
?aa?iiaeueieo iaoai?ci?a eiio?ieth ca aeiaea?aeaiiyi i?aa ethaeeie,
aieea ia ?io? ?inoeoooe i?aaa. A iniia? oe??? iiai? aaeoc?
i?aeia?iaeiiai i?aaa eaaeeoue Noaooo III 1945 ?., Caaaeueia aeaeea?aoe?y
i?aa ethaeeie 1948 ?., yea cae?enieea aieea ia ?icaeoie eiinoeoooe?e o
aaaaoueio aea?aeaaao na?oo, I?aeia?iaei? iaeoe i?i i?aaa ethaeeie 1966
?., ? i?eeiyoee ia ?o iniia? oe?eee eiiieaen /eneaiieo eiiaaioe?e i?i
i?aaa ethaeeie ye oi?aa?naeueiiai, oae ? ?aa?iiaeueiiai oa?aeoa?o. Oey
no?oiea ? oe?e?nia nenoaia i?aeia?iaeii? ioi?iie i?aa ethaeeie caoeua?
i?aaa an?o in?a ? ia?iae?a aac aeiyoeo, o oiio /ene? e
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a. sse i?aee?aneeea Anana?oiy eiioa?aioe?y c i?aa
ethaeeie (A?aeaiue, /a?aaiue 1993 ?.), an? i?aaa ethaeeie ?
oi?aa?naeueieie, iaiiae?eueieie ? aca?iiiia’ycaieie. I?aeia?iaeia
ni?aoiaa?enoai iiaeiii noaaeoeny aei i?aa ethaeeie aeiaaeueii, ia
ni?aaaaeeea?e ? ??ai?e iniia?, c iaeiaeiaei i?aeoiaeii ? oaaaith. Oi/a
cia/aiiy ??cieo ?noi?e/ieo, eoeueoo?ieo ? ?ae?a?eieo iniaeeainoae
iaiao?aeii a?aoe aei oaaae, aea?aeaae, iacaeaaeii a?ae ?o iie?oe/ieo,
aeiiii?/ieo ? eoeueoo?ieo nenoai, iathoue iaia”ycie caioi/oaaoe ?
caoeuaoe an? i?aaa ethaeeie ? iniiai? naiaiaee11) Aeaenoaothuaa
iaaeaeoia?iaeiia i?aai. A o?ao oiiao. — Oii aoi?ie. — I., 1997. —
N.95.).

O oeueiio eiioaeno? Anana?oiy eiioa?aioe?y c i?aa ethaeeie 1993 ?. o
A?aei? i?eae?eeea oaeo ae ia?oi/a?aiao oaaao caoenoo i?aa
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a, ye ? aeiaea?aeaiith i?aa ?ioeo eaoaai??e ianaeaiiy
? eiaeii? ie?aii? iniae. O ioieo? 24 i?aenoieiaiai aeieoiaioa
Anana?oiuei? eiioa?aioe?? c i?aa ethaeeie — “A?aeainueei? Aeaeea?aoe??
oa I?ia?aie ae?e” a?ae 25 /a?aiy 1993 ?. i?i oea neacaii i?yii ?
ae/a?iii: “Aaeeeo oaaao iaiao?aeii i?eae?eyoe caioi/aiith ? caoenoo i?aa
ianaeaiiy, aeeth/ath/e o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a (i?aee?aneaii iiith — Aao
Naeao Iooaiaae), e?ea?aeaoe?? an?o oi?i ?o aeene?ei?iaoe??, a oaeiae
ci?oeiaiith ? aoaeoeai?oiio cae?eniaiith /eiieo aeiaiai??a i?i i?aaa
ethaeeie22) Aeea.: Oai aea.) ”.

A?aoiaoth/e anth aaaeeea?noue ? neeaaei?noue i?iaeai ?aaoethaaiiy
i?a?aoe??, a oiio /ene? o?oaeiai?, na?oiaa ni?aoiaa?enoai ia
caaeiaieueiy?oueny oei caaaeueiei caoenoii, yeee aa?aioo?oueny
o?oaeyuei-i?a?aioai ia iniia? Noaoooo III, I?aeia?iaeiiai a?eey i?i
i?aaa ethaeeie, aiii aeaaeae? /ano?oa ?ic?iaey? ? ia ?o iniia? i?eeia?
niaoe?aeuei? aeoe, ye? aaciina?aaeiuei noinothoueny ?aaoethaaiiy
i?aaiaiai noaoono o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a. Aea yeui aei oeueiai /ano ia
oi?aa?naeueiiio (aeiaaeueiiio) ??ai? ieoaiue i?i o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a
oi?eaeeny a iniiaiiio aeieoiaioe I?aeia?iaeii? I?aai?caoe?? I?aoe?
(Eiiaaioe?y 1926 ?. ? 21 i?i ?iniaeoe?th o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a, Eiiaaioe?y
1949 ?. ? 91 i?i o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a, Eiiaaioe?y 1975 ?. ?143 i?i
ceiaaeeaaiiy a aaeoc? i?a?aoe?? ? i?i caaacia/aiiy o?oaeyuei i?a?aioai
??aiino? iiaeeeainoae ? iiaiaeaeaiiy, oa ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? 1995 ?. i?i
caoeno o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a o neaai?icaeiooeo e?a?iao,?yae ?ioeo
eiiaaioe?e ? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e IIO), ye? ca/?iathoue ie?ai? ieoaiiy caoenoo
o?oaeiai? i?a?aoe??, oi iei? i?eeiyoi aeieoiaio i?i caoeno an?o i?aa
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a. Oaeei aeieoiaioii, yeee aia?oa eiaeeo?eoaaa ia
i?aeia?iaeiiio ??ai? ii?ie i?a?aoe?eiiai i?aaa, noaea i?aeia?iaeia
eiiaaioe?y i?i caoeno i?aa on?o o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ? /eai?a ?o n?iae
a?ae 18 a?oaeiy 1990 ?. Naia oiio aiae?co oeueiai iaeaaaeeea?oiai
oi?aa?naeueiiai aeieoiaioa i?eae?ey?oueny iniiaia oaaaa o ia?oiio
?icae?e?. A i?e iieacaii, ui Eiiaaioe?y 1990 ?. canoiniao?oueny aei an?o
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ? /eai?a ?o n?iae aac aoaeue-yeeo a?aei?iiinoae ca
iciaeaie noao?, ?ane, eieuei?o oe??e, iiae, ?ae?a?? aai ia?aeiiaiue,
iie?oe/ieo aai ?ioeo iiaeyae?a, iaoe?iiaeueiiai, aoi?/iiai aai
nioe?aeueiiai iioiaeaeaiiy, a?iiaaeyinoaa, a?eo, aeiiii?/iiai, n?iaeiiai
? iaeiiaiai noaio, ?? ii?ie ae?thoue i?ioyaii anueiai i?ioeano i?a?aoe??
o?oaeyueo ? /eai?a ?o n?iae, ui aeeth/a? i?aeaioiaeo aei i?a?aoe??,
ae?cae, o?aiceo ? aanue ia??iae ia?aaoaaiiy ? iiea/oaaii? ae?yeueiino? a
aea?aeaa? ?iaioe ca iaeiii, a oaeiae iiaa?iaiiy aei aea?aeaae
iioiaeaeaiiy /e cae/aeiiai i?iaeeaaiiy. Aiae?c iniiaieo iieiaeaiue oe???
Eiiaaioe??, ye? noinothoueny anueiai eiiieaeno i?aa o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a
(iniaenoeo, nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo, iie?oe/ieo, eoeueoo?ieo), a oaeiae
eiie?aoiiai iaoai?cio anoaiiaeaiiai iath — Eii?oaoa ii caoenoo i?aa on?o
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ? /eai?a ?o n?iae, aea? iiaeeea?noue c?iaeoe
aeniiaie, ui Eiiaaioe?y 1990 ?. caaacia/o? aeineoue aenieee
i?aeia?iaeiee noaiaea?o caoenoo i?aa o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ? /eai?a ?o
n?iae. Aieiaia iieyaa? o caaacia/aii? ?aae?caoe?? ?? iieiaeaiue
aea?aeaaaie-o/anieeaie. Aaaeeeaiai cia/aiiy iaaoaa? ? eii?aeeiaoe?y
ae?yeueiino? eiio?ieueiiai iaoai?cio oe??? Eiiaaioe?? c oaea ae?th/eie
iiae?aieie iaoai?ciaie a iaaeao IIO ? THIANEI. Oaea eii?aeeiaoe?y iiaea
cae?enithaaoeny Aeiiii?/iith ? Nioe?aeueiith ?aaeith III. Cia/io ?ieue
iiaea a?ae?a?aoe ? aca?iiae?y c ?aa?iiaeueieie i?aai?caoe?yie, caeiyoeie
caoenoii i?aa o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a.

?nioaaiiy oaeiai oi?aa?naeueiiai aeieoiaioa ye I?aeia?iaeia Eiiaaioe?y
1990 ?. i? a yeiio ?ac? ia i?eiaioo? ?ie? i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaeo aeo?a,
ye? i?eeiathoueny a I?aeia?iaei?e i?aai?caoe?? i?aoe? uiaei caoenoo i?aa
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a. IIO, yea ca 80 ?ie?a naiai ?nioaaiiy (c 1919 ?. )
iaeiie/eea aaeeeee aeina?ae o ni?aa? caoenoo o?oaeiaeo i?aa on?o
eaoaai??e ianaeaiiy ? noai?eea eiaeaen ii?i i?aeia?iaeiiai o?oaeiaiai
i?aaa, iaiaeii?aciai caa?oaeany aei i?iaeaie caoenoo i?aa
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a. sse iieacaii a aeena?oaoe??, aeey caoenoo i?aa
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a nooo?aa cia/aiiy iathoue an? eiiaaioe?? IIO,
i?enay/ai? caoenoia? o?oaeiaeo i?aa on?o eaoaai??e o?oaeyueo, oiio ui
aiie iaieio/a noinothoueny ? o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a (iai?eeeaae, Eiiaaioe?y
IIO 1951 ?. ?100 i?i ??aio aeiaai?iaeo /ieia?e?a ? ae?iie ca i?aoeth
iaeiaeiai? aa?oino?, Eiiaaioe?y IIO 1957 ?. ? 105 i?i e?ea?aeaoe?th
i?eioniai? i?aoe?, Eiiaaioe?y IIO 1958 ?. ? 111 i?i aeene?ei?iaoe?th a
aaeoc? i?aoe? ? caiyoue, Eiiaaioe?y IIO 1964 ?. ? 122 i?i iie?oeeo a
aaeoc? caeiyoino?)oae ? niaoe?aeuei? Eiiaaioe??, ye? ?aaeaiaioothoue
i?aaa o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a (iai?eeeaae, Eiiaaioe?? IIO ? 97, ? 118,
? 143, ?157).

O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? ?ice?eaa?oueny iaoai?ci i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaiai
?aaoethaaiiy i?aaiaiai noaoono o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a, yeee yaey? niaith
?aaeaiaiooaaiiy c aeiiiiiaith i?aeia?iaeieo oaiae, ianaiia?aae ieoaiue,
iia’ycaieo c canoinoaaiiyi iaeiaii? i?aoe?, iie?ioaiiyi ?? oiia,
ioi?iiith i?aoe?, caoenoii ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo ? eieaeoeaieo ?ioa?an?a
i?aoe?aiee?a. Ii?yae c oi?aa?naeueieie i?aeia?iaeieie oaiaeaie,
i?eeiyoeUei a III, IIO oa ?ioeo i?aai?caoe?e nenoaie III, aaaeeeaa
i?noea a i?aeia?iaeiiio ?aaoethaaii? i?aaiaiai noaoono
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a iaeaaeeoue ?aa?iiaeueiei i?aeia?iaeiei oaiaeai ?
aeainoi?iii?i oaiaeai ??cieo aea?aeaa. Aaaeeeaei oaeoi?ii o no/ani?e
i?aeia?iaei?e nenoai? caoenoo i?aa o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ? ?aa?iiaeueiee
??aaiue. O aeena?oaoe?? iieacaii, ui ?aa?iiaeuei? oaiaee o aaeoc?
caoenoo i?aa o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a iaaoaathoue aeaaeae? a?eueoiai
cia/aiiy. Iniaeeaee i?aaiaee caoeno o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a caaacia/o?oueny
a iaaeao ?aaee ?a?iie ? i?eeiyoi? iath ?a?iiaenueei? nioe?aeueii? oa?o??
1961 ?. ? ?a?iiaenueei? eiiaaioe?? 1977 ?. i?i i?aaiaee noaoon
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a.

Ine?eueee ?a?iiaenueea eiiaaioe?y i?aa ? iniiaieo naiaiae ethaeeie 1950
?. ianaiia?aae aa?aiooaaea ??’ o/anieeai caoeno iniaenoeo ? iie?oe/ieo
i?aa ? ia oi?eaeany nioe?aeueieo i?aa, i?eeiyooy ?a?iiaenueei?
nioe?aeueii? oa?o?? 1961 ?. noaei aaaeeeaith iiae??th o noai?aii?
eiiieaeno i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaeo oaiae i?ae aa?aeith ?aaee ?a?iie, ye? a
caoeuaee an? i?aaa ethaeeie. Aei eaoaeiao iniaenoeo ? iie?oe/ieo i?aa,
i?iaieioaieo ?a?iiaenueeith eiiaaioe??th 1950 ?., ?a?iiaenueea
nioe?aeueia oa?o?y 1961 ?. aeiaeaea aeineoue oe?iea eiei i?aa a
aeiiii?/i?e ? nioe?aeuei?e aaeocyo. Na?aae ieo: i?aai ia i?aoeth, ia
noai?aiiy ?ia?oie/eo i?aai?caoe?e, aaaeaiiy eieaeoeaieo ia?aaiai??a ?
oeeaaeaiiy eieaeoeaieo aeiaiai??a, i?aai ia ni?aaaaeeea? oiiae i?aoe?,
ia i?ioan?eio i?aeaioiaeo ? ia?ai?aeaioiaeo, i?aai ia aacia/i? ?
caei?ia? oiiae i?aoe?, i?aai ia ni?aaaaeeeao aeiaai?iaeo, i?aai ae?oae ?
iieiae? ia niaoe?aeueiee caoeno a?ae o?ce/ieo ? ii?aeueieo caiao?a,
i?aai i?aoethth/eo ae?iie ia niaoe?aeueiee caoeno o aeiaaeeo
iaoa?einoaa, i?aai eiaeiiai i?aoethth/iai ia nioe?aeueia caaacia/aiiy,
i?aai ?iaae?ae?a ia i?ioan?eio i?aeaioiaeo ? ia ?a?ioaa?aoe?th a
noni?euenoa?, i?aai iaoa?? oa aeeoeie, iacaeaaeii a?ae n?iaeiiai
noaoono, ia nioe?aeueiee ? aeieia?/iee caoeno, i?aai a?iiaaeyi iaei???
aea?aeaae-o/anieoe? iaea?aeoaaoe i?eaooee ia oa?eoi??? ?ioi? ia ??ai?e
iniia? c a?iiaaeyiaie inoaiiuei?.

Na?aae iieiaeaiue ?a?iiaenueei? nioe?aeueii? oa?o?? 1961 ?. ne?ae
aeae?eeoe noaooth 19, yea i?yii caoeua? i?aaa o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ?
aeiaaa?, uia o?oaeyu?-i?a?aioe oa /eaie ?o n?iae iaee iaeiaeia? oiiae c
a?iiaaeyiaie ?a?iiaenueeeo e?a?i uiaei aeiaai?iaee oa ?ioeo oiia i?aoe?,
aeeth/ath/e iiaeeeaino? i?eeiyooy ia ?iaioo, anooio aei i?ioni?eie,
aaaeaiiy eieaeoeaieo ia?aaiai??a. Aiia iieeaaea? ia o/aniee?a Oa?o??
iaia’ycie, iieaaoeoe aic’?aeiaiiy n?iae ?iicaiieo ?ia?oiee?a, ye?
iathoue aeica?e ia aeaoooaaiiy ia oa?eoi??? a?aeiia?aeii? aea?aeaae. Ui
ae aei ?a?iiaenueei? eiiaaioe?? 1977 ?., oi aiia iiai?noth i?enay/aia
caoenoia? i?aa oa ?ioa?an?a o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a.

Oe?a?ia ye /eai ?aaee ?a?iie i?yii ca?ioa?aniaaia o ci?oeiaii?
i?aeia?iaeiiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa c iaoith caoenoo i?aa ethaeeie ye a
iaaeao oe??? i?aeia?iaeii? i?aai?caoe??, oae ? an?o ?ioeo i?aeia?iaeieo
i?aai?caoe?e. Oe?a?ia ?icaeyaea? ye iaeaaaeeea?oa caaaeaiiy caoeno
oe?a?inueeeo o?oaeyueo ca ei?aeiiii ? ae??oaiiy i?iaeai ?iicaiieo
a?iiaaeyi a Oe?a?i?. Aeey ae??oaiiy oe??? i?iaeaie noai?th?oueny
?aaeueia caeiiiaeaa/a aaca ? aaeeaathoueny iaiao?aei? aaei?i?no?aoeai?
caoiaee. Ca?aeii c? noaooath 26 Eiinoeoooe?? Oe?a?ie ?iicaioe? ? iniae
aac a?iiaaeyinoaa, ye? ia?aaoaathoue ia ?? oa?eoi??? ia caeiiieo
i?aenoaaao, ei?enoothoueny oeie ae i?aaaie ? naiaiaeaie, ui ?
a?iiaaeyie Oe?a?ie, ca aeiyoeii iaiaaeaiue, anoaiiaeaieo Eiinoeoooe??th,
caeiiaie ? i?aeia?iaeieie aeiaiai?aie Oe?a?ie.

Iaeaaaeeea?oeie caeiiiaeaa/eie aeoaie, ye? noinothoueny i?a?aoe?eieo
ieoaiue, ? Caeii Oe?a?ie “I?i a?iiaaeyinoai Oe?a?ie” 1991 ?.: Caeii
Oe?a?ie “I?i i?aaiaee noaoon ?iicaioe?a” 1994 ?., yeee aa?aioo?
?iicaiiei a?iiaaeyiai ? iniaai aac a?iiaaeyinoaa, ui eaaaeueia
ia?aaoaathoue ia oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie, ??ai?noue ia?aae caeiiii ? ??ai?
i?aaa ? iaia”ycee c a?iiaaeyiaie Oe?a?ie; Caeii Oe?a?ie “I?i ii?yaeie
ae?caeo ? a”?caeo a Oe?a?io a?iiaaeyi Oe?a?ie”, i?eeiyooy yeiai
caaacia/o? i?aai a?eueiiai ae?caeo ca ei?aeii ? iiaa?iaiiy a Oe?a?io
an?i a?iiaaeyiai Oe?a?ie, ca aeiyoeii iaiaaeaiue, ia?aaeaa/aieo
i?aeia?iaeiei caeiiiaeaanoaii. I?eeiyoi Iinoaiiao Eaa?iaoo I?i?no??a
Oe?a?ie “I?i noai?aiiy i?aai?a i?a?aoe?eii? neoaeae a Oe?a?i?” a?ae 22
/a?aiy 1994 ?. I?i?noa?noaii i?aoe? Oe?a?ie 5 o?aaiy 1993 ?.
caoaa?aeaeaii Oei/aniaa iieiaeaiiy i?i oiiae ioi?ieaiiy ?iicaiiei
a?iiaaeyiai aeicaieo ia i?aoeaaeaoooaaiiy a Oe?a?i?.

Caaaeueiiaeciai? i?eioeeie ? ii?ie i?aeia?iaeiiai i?aaa ? i?aeia?iaei?
aeiaiai?e Oe?a?ia ?icaeyaea? ye neeaaeiao /anoeio nai?? i?aaiai? nenoaie
? aaaaea? aaaeeeaei caaaeaiiyi o aaeoc? ?aaoethaaiiy noaoono
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie ? aaeineiiaeaiiy naiai
aioo??oiueiai i?a?aoe?eiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa a?aeiia?aeii aei
i?aeia?iaeieo noaiaea?o?a.

sse i?aee?aneth?oueny a aeena?oaoe??, Oe?a?ia i?aaia aei aeoeaiiai
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa c ?a?iiaenueeeie no?oeoo?aie a aaeoc? caoenoo i?aa
ethaeeie acaaae?, ? i?aa o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a, cie?aia. I?eeiyo? a iaaeao
?aaee ?a?iie, ?a?iiaenueeiai Nithco, I?aai?caoe?? c aaciaee ?
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa a ?a?ii? aeieoiaioe i?i caoeno i?aa ethaeeie, a oaeiae
aeoe, niaoe?aeueii i?enay/ai? ieoaiiyi o?oaeiai? i?a?aoe??,
i?aeaeuothoue nooi?iue i?aaiaiai caoenoo o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a o
?a?iiaenueeeo e?a?iao ? iaeaaeiiai eiio?ieth ca canoinoaaiiyi
i?aeia?iaeieo oaiae o oe?e aaeoc?.

O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? o ii??aiyeueiiio ieai? ?icaeyaeathoueny nenoaie
?aaoethaaiiy i?aaiaiai noaoono o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ia Aeecueeiio Noiae?,
aiae?co?oueny A?aanueea eiiaaioe?y 1968 ?. i?i iia?euei?noue ?iai/i?
neee, caeiiiaeaanoai a?aanueeeo aea?aeaa. O aeena?oaoe?? iieacaii, ui
i?a?aoe?y a a?aanueeiio na?o? o?nii c’?aeiaea a?aanueeo aeiiii?eo, ai
aeo?aeoe? c a?aanueeeo e?a?i noaiiaeyoue iniiao i?a?aoe?? ia Aeecueeiio
Noiae?. I?ioa, iacaaaeath/e ia ?nioth/o i?a?aoe?th ethaeae a ?aa?ii?,
ia?ai?uaiiy ?iai/i? neee ia ? a?eueiei ? ana ua cacia? eieeaaiue,
?nioth/eo o iie?oe/iiio na?aaeiaeu?. Aacia?aoeiaeia ia?ai?uaiiy ?iai/i?
neee a a?aaneiio ?aa?ii? caeaoia cieceoe oene ia ?eiee i?aoe? a oeo
e?a?iao, aea ?nio? ?? iaaeeeoie, ca?eueoeoe caeiyo?noue, ?oo eai?oaeo ?
caaaeueiee aeia?iaoo. Oeueiio, ia aeoieo aeena?oaioa, ni?eyoeia
i?e?aeiaiiy a?a?anueeeo aea?aeaa aei A?aanueei? eiiaaioe?? 1968 ?. i?i
iia?euei?noue ?iai/i? neee, a oaeiae aei A?aanueei? eiiaaioe?? ? 4 1975
?. i?i ia?ai?uaiiy a?aanueei? ?iai/i? neee ? Eiiaaioe?? ? 9 ?
?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ? 2 1977 ?. “I?i i?ioan?eio i?aeaioiaeo”.

Aeena?oaioii oaeiae i?iiiio?oueny noai?eoe I?aea?aanueeee ?inoeooo
i?aoe?, yeee ae cana?aaeea o ?aeeiiio oeaio?? ?ioi?iaoe?th, yea
noino?oueny caoenoo i?aa o?oaeiai? i?a?aoe?? ? ni?eya ae eii?aeeiaoe??
ae?yeueiino? an?o a?aanueeeo aea?aeaa o oe?e aaeoc?.

Ia?aeaeueii c aiae?cii i?aaiaiai noaiiaeua o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a o
a?aanueeeo aea?aeaaao o oeueiio ae ?icae?e? i?noeoueny aiae?c oi?i ?
iaoiae?a i?aaiaiai caoenoo o?oaeyueo a ?c?a?e?, e?a?ie, yea nueiaiaei? ?
iaei??th c iae?icaeioo?oeo e?a?i na?oiaiai ni?aoiaa?enoaa ? ia? aeia??
iiaeeeaino? aeey nioe?aeueiiai caoenoo ye nai?o aeanieo a?iiaaeyi, oae ?
?iicaioe?a. I?ioa ? ooo ?niothoue iaai? i?iaeaie noiniaii o?oaeiai?
i?a?aoe??, iia’ycai? c oei, ui ooo i?aoeaaeaoooaaiiy i?yii iia’ycaii c
aenieei ina?oi?i oeaicii, ?iaioa caaacia/o?oueny a ia?oo /a?ao ethaeyi c
aeuith ina?oith, a?eueo eaae?o?eiaaiei ? i?ioan?eiei eaae?ai. Oey
i?iaeaia ae??oo?oueny ooo c aeiiiiiaith eo?n?a i?ioan?eii? i?aeaioiaee ?
ia?ai?aeaioiaee, /anoeio c yeeo i?aai?ciaaii aeey o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a.

Aea?aeaaa ?c?a?eue an?eyei caioi/o? i?aoeth ae?iie. Ca?aeii c Caeiiii
i?i ??ai?noue iiaeeeainoae ia ?iaio? 1988 ?. ?iaioiaeaaoe? ia iathoue
i?aaa i?iaiaeeoe a?aei?iiino? i?ae i?aoe?aieeaie ca iciaeith noao?,
n?iaeiiai noaio, iayaiino? aai a?aenooiino? ae?oae, ?ane,
iaoe?iiaeueiino?, a??iniia?aeaiiy, iie?oe/ieo ia?aeiiaiue, ia?o?eii?
i?eiaeaaeiino?. Caeii i?i i?i?iaeueio ca?ia?oio ieaio 1987 ?.
iioe?th?oueny ia eiaeiiai i?aoe?aieea, yeee aeinya 18 ?ie?a ? yeee
i?aoeth? ia iiaio noaaeo, iacaeaaeii a?ae oa?aeoa?o ?iaioe, noaaeo,
ina?oe. Iieaoa i?aoe? ieae/a anoaiiaeaiiai caeiiii
i?i?ioia-e?ei?iaeueiee cei/ei.

Caoeno i?aa o?oaeyueo cae?eniththoue ?ia?oie/? i?aai?caoe??, i?ioan?ei?
ia’?aeiaiiy, a oaeiae o?oaeia? noaee. ?iicaii? o?oaeyu? a ?c?a?e? o
aeiaaeeo eiioe?eoo c ?iaioiaeaaoeai iiaeooue caa?oaoeny aei noaeo ia
iaeiaeiaeo oiiaao c i?noeaaeie a?iiaaeyiaie.

? ana ae, iacaaaeath/e ia iaaeaiee o?oaeyuei-i?a?aioai a ?c?a?e?
iaoe?iiaeueiee i?aaiaee ?aaeei, a aeayeeo aaeocyo aeiiii?ee ?iicaii?
?ia?oieee ia??aeei ? caeaeie ? noai?ththoue i?iaeaio aeey ?eieo i?aoe? a
?c?a?e?, ine?eueee, c iaeiiai aieo, aaaaoi ooi c ieo — oea
iaeaae?o?eiaai? i?aoe?aieee, a c ?ioiai — a e?a?i? ?nio? iaeaaaeueia
aaacaiiy ?iicaiieo ?ia?oiee?a. Aeey i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? i?aaiaiai
caoenoo ?iicaiieo o?oaeyueo a ?c?a?e?, iaiao?aeii ao?ethaaoe a aeeooy
iieiaeaiiy a?aeiia?aeieo i?aeia?iaeieo eiiaaioe?e, cie?aia I?aeia?iaeii?
eiiaaioe?? 1990 ?., a oaeiae Eiiaaioe?e IIO ? 97 (1949 ?. ) ? Eiiaaioe??
IIO ? 143 (1975 ?. ). ?c?a?eue ia ? o/anieeii oeeo i?aeia?iaeieo oaiae.

O aeniiaeao i?iaaaeaiiai aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy noi?ioeueiaai?
oae? ?acoeueoaoe:

1. I?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaa ?aaoethaaiiy i?aoe? o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a
cae?enith?oueny ca aeiiiiiaith i?aeia?iaeieo oi?aa?naeueieo oaiae,
i?eeiyoeo a iaaeao III, IIO oa ?ioeo i?aeia?iaeieo i?aai?caoe?e,
?aa?iiaeueieo oaiae o ?a?ii?, Aia?eoe?, Ao?eoe? ia Aeecueeiio Noiae?,
aeainoi?iii?o oaiae ??cieo aea?aeaa.

2. I?eeiyooy 18 a?oaeiy 1990 ?. Aaia?aeueiith Anaiaea?th III
I?aeia?iaeii? eiiaaioe?? i?i caoeno on?o o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ? /eai?a ?o
n?iae, i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaiai aeoo, a yeiio ciaeoee cae??ieaiiy
aeaoaeueii ?ic?iaeaia nenoaia niaoeeo?/ieo i?aa on?o o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a
? /eai?a ?o n?iae, a oaeiae iaoai?cie ?aae?caoe?? oeeo i?aa, iieeaee
ii/aoie iiaiio, a?eueo aenieiio noaio a ?icaeoeo i?aeia?iaeiiai
caeiiiaeaanoaa i?i o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a. Oeae aoai noi?iaiaeaeo?oueny
?noioieie ci?iaie a ?aa?iiaeueieo nenoaiao caoenoo i?aa o?oaeiai?
i?a?aoe?? ? ?icoe?aiiyi aeainoi?iiiueiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa aea?aeaa, o
yeiio ? iii?oiith ? ?ieue Oe?a?ie, ui oeeaea ?yae aeainoi?iii?o oaiae o
oe?e aaeoc?. I?ioa a neeo ??cieo i?iaeai aeiiii?/iiai, iie?oe/iiai,
eoeueoo?iiai oa?aeoa?o, iaa?oue ii?aeueii-aoe/ieo, ?nio? aeineoue
aaeeeee ?ic?ea i?ae i?aaiaith oai???th ? i?aeoeeith ie?aieo aea?aeaa.

3. ? nueiaiaei? o?oaeyu?-i?a?aioe iio?aaothoue i?aeia?iaeiiai caoenoo
nai?o i?aa. Aei oeueiai i?eaiaeeoue c?inoaiiy ia?ai?uaiiy o?oaeyueo —
aeecueei 70 i?eueeii?a /ieia?e i?aoeththoue iei? a ?iicaiieo aea?aeaaao.

4. Aeioe?eueii ye iiaeia oe?oa aeciaoe oaea iayai? i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaia?
aeieoiaioe oa ?iieaiaiooaaoe i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaia? ii?ie c aeaiiai
ieoaiiy o aioo??oiueiio i?aaiii?yaeeo on?o e?a?i.

5. Nooo?aa cia/aiiy aeey ?aaoethaaiiy noaoonao?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ia?
oeeaaeaiiy aeainoi?iii?o aeiaiai??a, a yeeo ae /?oei aecia/aany i?aaiaee
noaoon o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a. Aeieeea iaiao?aei?noue oeeaaeaiiy oaeeo
oaiae i?ae iaooiaeaeiaoaieie e?a?iaie Aeecueeiai Noiaeo c oeie e?a?iaie,
c yeeo i?eaoaa? cia/ia e?euee?noue ?ia?oiee?a, /ano?oa anueiai
iaeaaaeueiei oeyoii. Oae? oaiaee iiaeooue aooe ei?enieie ? a aeayeeo
?ioeo ?aa?iiao.

6. ?nio? iaiao?aei?noue caaacia/aiiy ??aiii?aaiino? i?ae
o?oaeyueie-i?a?aioaie ? a?iiaaeyiaie i?eeiath/eo e?a?i o aaeoc? iaeio,
i?aoe?, nioe?aeueiiai caaacia/aiiy ? aeiaea?aeaiiy ?ioeo i?aa, oiaoi
iaaeaiiy o?oaeyuei-i?a?aioai iaoe?iiaeueiiai i?aaiaiai ?aaeeia, ca?aeiic
yeei aiie iiaee a ei?enooaaoeny ??aieie e?a?iaie ia?aaoaaiiy.

7. O noa?? eiio?ieth ca ia?ai?uaiiyi o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a, oiiaaie ?o
i?aoe? ? i?eeiath/eo ?iai/o neeo e?a?iao aeioe?eueii noai?thaaoe a oeeo
e?a?iao coneeeyie i?aeia?iaeieo i?aai?caoe?e (III, IIO) oae? i?aaie, ye?
aoaeooue eiio?iethaaoe i?iaeaio o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a o eiaei?e e?a?i?.

8. Aaciina?aaeiy ?aaeaiaioaoe?y i?aa ? naiaiae ethaeeie, a oiio /ene?
o?oaeyueony-i?a?aio?a, ye ? ?ai?oa, caeeoa?oueny aioo??oiueith ni?aaith
eiaeii? aea?aeaae. I?aeia?iaei? ii?ie a oe?e aaeoc? o ia?aaaaei?e
a?eueoino? aeiaaee?a ia iiaeooue canoiniaoaaoeny ia oa?eoi???
aoaeue-yei? aea?aeaae i?yii, a aeiaaathoue a?ae ia? aaeeooy iaaieo
caoiae?a aeey nai?? ?iieaiaioaoe??. sse i?aaeei, i?aeia?iaei? aeieoiaioe
ia anoaiiaeththoue, yeei /eiii aea?aeaaa aoaea aeeiioaaoe i?eeiyo? ia
naaa ciaia”ycaiiy. ?acii c oei noaiaea?oe iiaaae?iee, ye? i?noyoue
i?aeia?iaei? aeieoiaioe, iaaiei /eiii ca’ycothoue naiaiaeo iiaaae?iee
aea?aeaa o noa?? iaoe?iiaeueiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa.

O iei?oi?o oiiaao iiaeia aiai?eoe i?i i?eioeei i?aeia?iaeiiai caoenoo
i?aa ethaeeie ye iaia’ycie aea?aeaa ia iniia? i?aeia?iaeieo oaiae
aaeeaaoe an?o ae?e (?iaeea?aeoaeueii /e eieaeoeaii), ni?yiiaai? ia
caoeno i?aa ethaeeie, a oiio /ene? o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a. ?iaeea?ae iiaea
i?yii ei?enooaaoeny i?aaaie ? ia?aaoaaoe i?ae caoenoii o??? /e ?ioi?
i?aeia?iaeii? eiiaaioe??, yeui aea?aeaaa i?aeienaea ? ?aoeo?eoaaea ??. O
oaeiio aeiaaeeo iieiaeaiiy eiiaaioe?? iathoue ia?aaaao ia?aae
aoaeue-yeei iaoe?iiaeueiei caeiiii — o oeueiio ?iia?aoea no/aniiai,
aca?iiiia’ycaiiai, ieth?ae?noe/iiai na?oo.

9. Oe?a?ia, iacaeaaeia, aeaiie?aoe/ia aea?aeaaa, i?aaia caaacia/eoe
caoeno oe?a?inueeeo o?oaeyueo ca ei?aeiiii ? oeea?e?ciaaia ae??oaiiy
i?iaeai ?iicaiieo a?iiaaeyi a Oe?a?i?. O 1993 ?. Oe?a?ia ae?noaea noaoon
niinoa??aa/a a I?aeia?iaei?e i?aai?caoe?? ii i?a?aoe??.

Iath i?aeienai? oaiaee i?i aca?iia i?aoeaaeaoooaaiiy a?iiaaeyi c
?in??th, Iieaeiaith, Iieueuath, A??iai??th, A?ei?on??th, *ao??th,
Eeoaith ? A’?oiaiii11) Aeai? i?i i?aeienai? Oe?a?iith oaiaee aeea.:
Aeooeia A., Aa?acianueeee ?. I?a?aoe?ei? i?ioeane oa i?a?aoe?eia
iie?oeea a Oe?a?i? // Oe?a?inueeee /aniien i?aa ethaeeie. — 1997. — ? 1.
— N.34.) .

C iaoith iiaeaeueoiai i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa Oe?a?ie
c ?ioeie aea?aeaaaie aeena?oao i?aiiio?:

— ia?a?aeaa/eoe ?aoeo?eaoe?th Oe?a?iith an?o iniiaieo i?aeia?iaeieo
oaiae, ye? noinothoueny o?oaeiai? i?a?aoe??. Oaea ?aoeo?eaoe?y aoea a
iii?ooiei aianeii Oe?a?ie o ni?aao caoenoo i?aa ethaeeie a ca’yceo c
50-??//yi Caaaeueii? aeaeea?aoe?? i?aa ethaeeie (1998 ?. ) ? 80 -??//yi
I?aeia?iaeii? i?aai?caoe?? i?aoe? (1999 ?.);

— i?eeiyoe eiiieaeniee Caeii Oe?a?ie “I?i ?ii?a?aoe?th”, a yeiio
i?eae?eeoe iniaeeao oaaao ieoaiiyi o?oaeiai? i?a?aoe??;

— noai?eoe i?e I?i?noa?noa? i?aoe? Oe?a?ie aai Aea?aeaaiiio eii?oao? o
ni?aaao iaoe?iiaeueiino? ? i?a?aoe?? ?aeeiee oeaio? c ieoaiue o?oaeiai?
i?a?aoe??, yeee ae caeiaany eii?aeeiaoe??th ae?yeueiino? on?o a?aeiinoa
? neoaea uiaei uacenoo i?aa o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a;

— oe?oa aeei?enoiaoaaoe ca?oa?aeiee aeina?ae i?eeiyooy ? ?icaeoeo
?ii?a?aoe?eiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa, cie?aia aeina?ae ?c?a?eth oa ?ioeo
aeecueeino?aeieo e?a?i;

— ?icaeyaeaoe ye ia?oi/a?aiaa caaaeaiiy i?aaiaiiy aei anoaiiaeaiiy
?icaeiooeo aeainoi?iii?o oaiae c oeie e?a?iaie, aei yeeo ni?yiiaai?
iniiai? ?ii?a?aoe?ei? iioiee c Oe?a?ie, a oaeiae c e?a?iaie, aea ?nio?
aeineoue ?icaeiooa oe?a?inueea ae?anii?a (Eaiaaea, NOA, ?c?a?eue,
Aano?ae?y, A?acee?y, A?aaioeia);

— iineeeoe o caniaao ianiai? ?ioi?iaoe?? ? c?iaeoe iino?eiith oaio
?ic’yniaiiy oe?a?inueeiio ianaeaiith i?iaeai i?aeia?iaeiiai i?aaa,
i?aeia?iaeii? aa?/eeaino? (comity), ui noinothoueny oeo i?inoeo ieoaiue,
ui oae naii, ye a?iiaaeyie Oe?a?ie aoaeooue iiaiaeeoeny c ?iicaioeyie,
a?aeiia?aeii ? ianaeaiiy ca?oa?aeieo aea?aeaa aoaea noaaeoeny aei
?ii?a?aio?a-oe?a?ioe?a o nai?o e?a?iao.

Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?? aeeeaaeai? a ianooiieo noaooyo:

1. I?aeia?iaeia eiiaaioe?y i?i caoeno i?aa o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ? /eai?a
?o n?iae // Aea?aeaaa ? i?aai. Ui??/iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue iieiaeeo
a/aieo. Aeione ia?oee.—Ee?a, 1997.—N. 171-176.

2. I?iaeaie i?aaiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy i?aeia?iaeii? o?oaeiai? i?a?aoe?? a
Oe?a?i? // I?aaiaa aea?aeaaa. Ui??/iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue ?inoeoooo
aea?aeaae ? i?aaa ?i. A.I.Ei?aoeueeiai IAI Oe?a?ie — Ee?a, 1998. —
N.400-404.

C.O?oaeyu?-i?a?aioe a ?c?a?e? // Aea?aeaaa ? i?aai. Ui??/iee iaoeiaeo
i?aoeue iieiaeeo a/aieo. Aeione ae?oaee. — Ee?a, 1998. — N. 467-471.

Aao Naeao Iooaiaae. I?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaa ?aaoethaaiiy noaoono
o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a. — ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa th?eaee/ieo iaoe
?c niaoe?aeueiino? 12.00.11 — i?aeia?iaeia i?aai. ?inoeooo aea?aeaae ?
i?aaa ?i. A.I.Ei?aoeueeiai IAI Oe?a?ie, Ee?a, 1999.

Aeena?oaoe?th i?enay/aii i?aaiaei i?iaeaiai i?aeia?iaeii-i?aaiaiai
caoenoo i?aa o?oaeyueo-i?a?aio?a ? /eai?a ?o n?iae. ?icaeyiooi
oai?aoe/i? ? i?aeoe/i? aniaeoe oeeo i?iaeai. Aeeeaaeaii aaoi?nueeo
eiioeaioe?th ? i?aeoiaee aei ae??oaiiy oeeo i?iaeai ia oi?aa?naeueiiio,
?aa?iiaeueiiio ? iaoe?iiaeueiiio ??aiyo. I?iiiiothoueny ?aeiiaiaeaoe??
uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy oi?aa?naeueiiai ? iaoe?iiaeueiiai caeiiiaeaanoaa a
aaeoc? caoenoo i?aa o?oaeiai? i?a?aoe??.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: i?a?aoe?y, o?oaeyu?-i?a?aioe, o?oaeiaa i?a?aoe?y,
ai?a?aoe?y, ?ii?a?aoe?y, i?aeia?iaeiee caoeno i?aa ethaeeie,
i?aeia?iaeia i?a?aoe?eia i?aai.

Aao Naeao Iooaiaae. Iaaeaeoia?iaeii-i?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea noaoona
o?oaeyueony-iea?aioia. — ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea iao/iie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa th?eaee/aneeo
iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 12.00.11 — iaaeaeoia?iaeiia i?aai, Einoeooo
ainoaea?noaa e i?aaa ei. A.I.Ei?aoeeiai IAI Oe?aeiu, Eeaa, 1999.

Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia i?aaiaui i?iaeaiai iaaeaeoia?iaeii-i?aaiaie
caueou i?aa o?oaeyueony-iea?aioia e /eaiia eo naiae. ?anniio?aiu
oai?aoe/aneea e i?aeoe/aneea aniaeou coeo i?iaeai. Eceiaeaia aaoi?neay
eiioeaioeey e iiaeoiaeu e ?aoaieth yoeo i?iaeai ia oieaa?naeueiii,
?aaeiiaeueiii e iaoeeiiaeueiii o?iaiyo. I?aaeeaaathony ?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii
niaa?oainoaiaaieth oieaa?naeueiiai e iaoeeiiaeueiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa
a iaeanoe caueou i?aa o?oaeiaie iea?aoeee.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: iea?aoeey, o?oaeyueany-iea?aiou, o?oaeiaay iea?aoeey,
yiea?aoeey, eiiea?aoeey, iaaeaeoia?iaeiay caueoa i?aa /aeiaaea,
iaaeaeoia?iaeiia iea?aoeeiiiia i?aai.

Abu Saleh Mohamed. International legal regulation of status of migrant
workers. — Manuscript.

Thesis for obtaining a scientific degree of Candidate of Sciences (Law),
speciality 12.00.11 — International Law. — V.M. Koretsky Institute of
State and Law of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv,
1999.

The dissertation is devoted to judicial problems of international legal
protection of human rights of migrant workers and members of their
families.

The theoretical and practical aspects of these problems have been
investigated. The author’s concept and approaches to the solving of
these problems have been legally substantiated. The recommendations on
the improvement of universal and national legislation in the field of
protection of human rights of labour migration are proposed.

The first chapter deals with universal instruments of protection of
migrant workers, especially the UN Convention of 1990 on the protection
of the rights of all migrant workers and their families and relevant
conventions and recommendations of the International Labour
Organization. For example, the ILO Conventions ?97, ?118, ?143, ?157
devoted to the rights of migrant workers.

In the second chpater the main attention is given to regional agreements
in the field of securing interests and rights of labour migration, first
of all to such important instruments as European convention of 1950 on
the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms and European
social charter of 1961 and European convention on migrant workers of
1977.

Ukraine as the member of European Council is directly interested in the
development of international cooperation in the sphere of protection of
human rights in general and rights and freedoms of migrant workers in
particular.

In the third chapter the author illuminates the main problems of legal
regulation of status of migrant workers in the Middle East, analizes
the Arab Couvetntion of 1968 on the mobility of labour force and the
legislation of Arab states, and Israel.

With the aim of further improvement of international universal and
regional systems of protection of rights of migrant workers the
author of the dissertation proposes that governments of host countries
should:

— promote and facilitate by all means in their power the implementation
of the relevant international instruments on the rights of migrant
workers;

— extend to migrant workers in the territories under their jurisdiction
treatment equal to that enjoyed by their own nationals;

— give migrant workers and members of their families the same rights as
the citizens of host States;

— ensure migrant workers equal treatment with national workers in the
fields of labour, social security, education, information and so on.

The conclusion of bilateral agreements on regulation of legal status of
foreign workers has also a very great importance for the improvement
situation with the protection of fundamental human rights of migrant
workers including the equality of opportunities with nationals of
accepting States in respect employment, social security, trade union,
education and cultural rights.

Key words: migration, migrant workers, labour migration, emigration,
immigration, international protection of human rights, international
migration law.

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