I?I?NOA?NOAI IOI?IIE CAeI?IA’ss OE?A?IE
OA?E?ANUeEEE AeA?AEAAIEE IAAeE*IEE OI?AA?NEOAO
EOAAIEIAA I?IA A?OAE??AIA
OAeE 618. 146+615. 832. 9
IIOEI?CAOe?ss ?ACOEUeOAO?A E??IO??O?A?*IIAI E?EOAAIIss OIIIAEO ?
IA?AAe?AEIAEO CAOAI?THAAIUe OEEEE IAOEE C O?AOOAAIIssI NOIOOIUeI?
?IOAEOe?? AAI?OAEUeIIAI O?AEOO
14. 00. 01 – Aeooa?noai ? a?iaeieia?y
AAOI?AOA?AO
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa iaaee/ieo iaoe
i. Oa?e?a – 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia o Oa?e?anueeiio aea?aeaaiiio iaaee/iiio oi?aa?neoao?
I?i?noa?noaa ioi?iie caei?ia’y Oe?a?ie.
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee – aeaaeai?e IAI Oe?a?ie, aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe,
i?ioani? A?euaiei Aaeaioei ?aaiiae/, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?ith aeooa?noaa oa
a?iaeieia?? ?1 Oa?e?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai iaaee/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo.
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:
aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Eioaiaae/ ?aaai?y A?eoi??aia, Ee?anueea
iaaee/ia aeaaeai?y i?neyaeeieiiii? ina?oe ?i. I.E.Ooi?ea, caa?aeoaa/
eaoaae?ith aeooa?noaa oa a?iaeieia??;
aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Ua?aaeiaa Aaeaioeia Aanee?aia,
Oa?e?anueea iaaee/ia aeaaeai?y i?neyaeeieiiii? ina?oe, caa?aeoaa/
eaoaae?ith aeooa?noaa oa a?iaeieia?? ?1.
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa:
?inoeooo iaae?ao???, aeooa?noaa ? a?iaeieia?? AII Oe?a?ie, a?aeae?eaiiy
a?iaeieia??, i.Ee?a.
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “_14__”__aeiaoiy_____ 1999 ?. i 13-30 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 64. 600. 01 i?e
Oa?e?anueeiio aea?aeaaiiio iaaee/iiio oi?aa?neoao? ca aae?anith: 310022,
i. Oa?e?a, i?iniaeo Eai?ia, 4.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a iaoeia?e a?ae?ioaoe?
Oa?e?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai iaaee/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ca aae?anith: 310022,
i. Oa?e?a, i?iniaeo Eai?ia, 4.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “_25_” _na?iiy___ 1999 ?.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? A/aii? ?aaee, ____________________________ I. I.
Oaiueei
eaiaeeaeao iaaee/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. ??ciiiai?oi? aeaee iaoieia?? oeeee iaoee (OI) ?
iae/ano?oeie a?iaeieia?/ieie caoai?thaaiiyie. ?o c?inoaiiy ca inoaii? 10
?ie?a na?ae/eoue i?i iaaeinoaoith aoaeoeai?noue ?nioth/eo iaoiae?a
e?eoaaiiy. Iaea?eueoo ieoiio aaao na?aae caoai?thaaiue OI iathoue oiiia?
? ia?aae?aeia? caoai?thaaiiy, a oaeiae iiia?aaei? noiooi? aai aeieee?
ne?aeii ca ieie ?ioaeoe?ei? caiaeuei? ci?ie, iae/ano?oa iaoiaaiaoe/ii c
ieie iia’ycai?. Na?aae oiiiaeo caoai?thaaiue aeineoue /anoi
cono??/athoueny inaaaeia?ic??, i?e?iaea yeeo iie?ao?ieia?/ia
(A.?.Aiaeyaeeia ?c ni?aaao., 1980; A.I. N??ia ?c ni?aaao. , 1997).
Cia/aiiy oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo caoai?thaaiue OI ? iniaeeai aaaeeeaei,
oiio, ui c ieie iia’ycaiee ?icaeoie ceiye?nieo iiaiooai?aiue oe??? ae
eieae?caoe?? (I.A.I?ieii/oe, 1995). Iacaaaeath/e ia aaeeeo cia/ei?noue
cacia/aieo caoai?thaaiue OI ? ?iciianthaeaeai? inoaii?i /anii noaoaa?
?ioaeoe?? (A.I.N??ia ?c ni?aaao., 1996), aaaaoi ieoaiue ?o ao?ieia??,
iaoiaaiaco ? oa?ai?? aeioaia? ia oe?eeii ? ynieie.
Aei oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo caoai?thaaiue OI a?aeiinyoue ae?eni? a?ic??
(A), inaaaeia?ic?? (IA), eaeeiieae?th (E), aeenieac?th (Ae), iie?ie oa
?i.
IA (aiaeioea?a?eice, ca ?.A.sseiae?aith oa A.A.Eoeoa, 1997) neeaaeathoue
10-15% o no?oeoo?? a?iaeieia?/ii? caoai?thaaiino?. Aiie iiaeooue
oneeaaeithaaoeny E ? Ae, inoaii? ?niothoue ? o aeaeyae? naiino?eieo
caoai?thaaiue (A.?.Eooeaiei, A. A. Eiaa/aiei, 1988). Ceiye?nia
o?ainoi?iaoe?y E a?aecia/a?oueny o 31,6% ae?iie (A.I.I?eeainueea, 1997).
Ae ? iaei??th c iaea?eueo iioe?aieo oi?i ia?aae?aeiaeo noai?a OI ?
neeaaea? 18% on?o iaoieia?/ieo i?ioean?a oe??? eieae?caoe?? (A. A. O?aie
?c ni?aaao. , 1988, 1990). Ia?aa?a Ae cae/aeii o?eaaeee,
niinoa??aa?oueny ?acenoaioi?noue aei oa?ai?? ? noeeuei?noue aei
?aoeeaeea?a.
Oeaio?aeueia i?noea o ae??oaii? i?iaeaie oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo
caoai?thaaiue OI ? ?ic?iaea ?o aaeaeaaoiiai, nai?/aniiai ?
?acoeueoaoeaiiai e?eoaaiiy, ui ni?ey? i?io?eaeoeoe? ?aeo OI, a?eueo
ni?eyoeeaiio cae?eniaiith ?ai?iaeoeoeaii? ooieoe?? e icaei?iaeaiith
ae?iie. Noaie e?eoaaiiy oiiiaeo, ia?aae?aeiaeo ? caiaeueieo
caoai?thaaiue iino?eii iiiaeththoueny e oaeineiiaeththoueny.
?niothoue ??ci? i?aeoiaee a e?eoaaii? iaoieia?? OI. O?eaaeee /an aeey
e?eoaaiiy oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo caoai?thaaiue OI iaea?eueo iioe?aiei
aoa eiina?aaoeaiee iaoiae, cie?aia aeey o?i?/ii? eiaaoeyoe??
iaoieia?/iiai aiaieua aeei?enoiaoaaany aaaio?e. I?ioa eiai aoaeoeai?noue
ia oe?eeii caaeiaieueiyea ee?i?oeeno?a. Oaia? i?iiiiothoueny iia?
i?aia?aoe, oae? ye nieeiaaa?i (I.I.Einoaaa, 1997), aea o 5% oai?eo i?ney
eiai aeei?enoaiiy niinoa??aathoueny caiaeuei? yaeua ? e?iaioi/ea?noue.
E?au? ?acoeueoaoe e?eoaaiiy caoai?thaaiue OI aoei io?eiaii i?e
aeei?enoaii? ae?aoa?iieiaaoeyoe?? (AeAE), ae?aoa?iieii?caoe??, eaca?ii?
oa?ai?? ? e??io??o?a?/iiai iaoiaeo.
I?e i?iaaaeaii? AeAE, ae?aoa?iiaenoeec?? /anoi cono??/athoueny
oneeaaeiaiiy: e?iaioa/a i?ae /an iia?aoe??, e?iaioa/a c-i?ae no?oia,
ooai?aiiy a?oaeo ?oaoe?a, no??eoo?e eaiaeo OI, ?icaeoie aiaeiiao??ico,
aieueiaiai neiae?iio, ?aoeeaeeae e ?i. (N.?.Eoe?ie/ ?c ni?aaao., 1983).
*anoioa oeeo oneeaaeiaiue aeioiaeeoue aei 36,5% (E.I.Aaneeaanueea ?c
ni?aaao., 1987).
E?eoaaiiy iaoieia?? OI eaca?ii aea? e?au? ?acoeueoaoe
(I.?.Iiaaaeeinueeee ?c ni?aaao., 1985; E.N.Oooiaa ?c ni?aaao., 1994),
i?ioa aei?iaa aia?aoo?a ? iecueea aeinooii?noue oeueiai iaoiaeo aeey
oe?ieiai eiea oai?eo iaiaaeo? eiai aeei?enoaiiy. A.A.Eioaiaae/ ?c
ni?aaao. (1979, 1985), ?.TH.Eocuei?ia (1986) i?e e?eoaaii? eaca?ii oaae
a?aecia/aee /eiaeee a?aenioie ?aoeeaeea?a (6%).
Ia aeoieo A.?.A?euaiea (1974), I.I.A?eoeii? (1979), E.A.Oaaaeiaa ?c
ni?aaao. (1988) e??io??o?a?/iee iaoiae e?eoaaiiy ? iaoiaeii aeai?o,
iniaeeai i?e iaeiioe?ai?oiio oiiiaiio caoai?thaaii? OI – IA.
Iacaaaeath/e ia aa?i? ?acoeueoaoe aeei?enoaiiy i?e e?eoaaii?
caoai?thaaiue OI e??io??o?ae/iiai iaoiaeo – 80-90% iaeoaeaiiy (Collins,
Pappas, 1972), aoaeoeai?noue oa?ai?? ua ia iiaea aaaaeaoeny oe?eeii
caaeia?eueiith. Ca aeaieie O. A. Oie?ia (1990, 1992), I.A.?oaeaeiai?
(1996) ? aeayeeo ?ioeo aaoi??a, a?aenioie iiaiiai aeaeoaeaiiy
eieeaa?oueny a oe?ieeo iaaeao. A?aecia/a?oueny a?aeiinii aeniea /anoioa
?aoeeaeea?a caoai?thaaiiy – aei 20% (?.A.Eioaiaae/, 1980). ?aoeeaeeae IA
OI /ano?oa aeieeathoue o ae?iie aei 30 ?ie?a. Iienaia aeoaea /anoa
caaino?aiiy caiaeueieo caoai?thaaiue (A. A. Iiaeeiaa, 1997).
O e?oa?aoo?? iaia? aeaieo i?i iniaeeaino? caai?iiy e??iaeaoaeo?a ia oii?
iayaieo caiaeueieo i?ioean?a, i?ioa a inoaii? ?iee aaeeea ?ieue o
?icaeoeo ? ia?aa?ao oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo caoai?thaaiue OI iaaea?oueny
?ioaeoe??, iniaeeai noaoaa?e (I.N.?onaeaae/, 1998). Keith ?c ni?aaao.
(1989) aaaaeathoue, ui OI iiaea aooe iioaioe?eiei ?aca?aoa?ii ?ioaeoe??
? /eiieeii ?eceeo aeey caiaeueieo caoai?thaaiue i?aai?a iaeiai oaco.
Caiaeuei? caoai?thaaiiy i?aai?a ?ai?iaeoeoeaii? nenoaie o ae?iie
caeiathoue iniaeeaa i?noea a caaaeuei?e no?oeoo?? a?iaeieia?/ieo
caoai?thaaiue ye ca /anoioith iiyae, oae ? /a?ac ?o aaeeeo cia/ei?noue o
ee?i?/i?e iaoieia??. Aiie oa?aeoa?ecothoue nioe?aeueia ? aeaiia?ao?/ia
iaaeaaiiieo//y noni?euenoaa (I.A.?iiauaiei, 1996). Caiaeuei?
caoai?thaaiiy caeiathoue ia?oa i?noea o no?oeoo?? a?iaeieia?/ii?
iaoieia?? ? niinoa??aathoueny o 60-65% oai?eo, ui caa?ioeeny aei ae?ii?
eiinoeueoaoe?? ? o 30% – iai?aaeaieo ia e?eoaaiiy o noaoe?iia?
(I.A.Ao?oiaa, A.I.Niaoiee, 1988).
Ca aeaieie Wang ?c ni?aaao. (1993), noaoaaa ?ioaeoe?y ia? yaio
oaiaeaioe?th aei c?inoaiiy. A.I.I?eeainueea (1997), Sremesi ?c ni?aaao.
(1976) iano?eii ?aeiiaiaeothoue i?e aeyaeaii? a oai?i? noaoaai?
?ioaeoe?? i?iaiaeeoe iiia?aaeiuei ia?aae e??io??o?a?/iei e?eoaaiiyi aai
ia?aeaeueii c iei ao?io?iiio, i?ioecaiaeueio oa?ai?th oeeo
caoai?thaaiue. I?ioa inoaiiy, ui iineea caaaeueiee oa?aeoa?, iae/ano?oa
aoea iia’ycaia c aecia/aiei oeiii caoaeieea. *?oea oaeoeea,
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiee i?aeo?ae aei ioe?iee ?ie? ? i?noey, aeaeo ?ioaeoe??,
iniaeeainoae ?? oa?ai?? i?e oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo caoai?thaaiiyo OI o
e?oa?aoo?? a?aenooi?.
Ia??aeei eaoaioia noaoaaa ?ioaeoe?y aei e??iia?iaee acaaae? ia
aeyaey?oueny.
Aei inoaiiueiai /ano a e?oa?aoo?? aoee a?aenooi? i?aoe? i?i i?iaaaeaiiy
e??io??o?a?/iiai e?eoaaiiy oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo caoai?thaaiue o
ae?iie o niieo/aii? c? noaoaaith ?ioaeoe??th. O?eueee oaia? o ca’yceo c
aeooaeuei?noth i?iaeaie oae? ?iaioe noaee c’yaeyoeny a i?an?
(I.I.Aieioeia, 1998; I.I.Aieioeia, I.N.Eooeaiei, 1998). I?ioa ?oiy
e?euee?noue ae?ae iaiaaeaia, aiie ia ioiieththoue aaaaoueio ?nioth/eo
noaoaaeo ?ioaeoe?e ? i?iaeaie o oe?eiio, ia aeathoue iine?aeiaii?
oaeoeee noiniaii ae?aaiinoeee ? oa?ai??.
Noaoaa? ?ioaeoe?? o ae?iie iae/ano?oa aoaathoue noiaaieie, aaaeei
ae?aaiinoothoueny, aea i?e ??ciiiai?oieo o?ce/ieo aieeaao, o oiio /ene?
? i?ney e??ieiaaoeyoe??, aiie iiaeooue caaino?thaaoeny, i?ia?anoaaoe.
Caiaeueiee i?ioean, ui ?icaeaa?oueny o ae?ii/eo noaoaaeo i?aaiao, iiaea
iia??ooaaoe oiiae aeey ?aia?aoeaieo i?ioean?a. Aeoaea ?aciiii iiaeia
aoei a i?eionoeoe, ui e?aua, ia i/?eoth/e ?icaeoeo noaoaai? ?ioaeoe??,
yea caaino?eeany i?ney e??iao?o/aiiy, i?iaiaeeoe ae?aaiinoe/i?
aeine?aeaeaiiy e o aeiaaeeo aeyaeaiiy ?ioaeoe?? a?ae?aco ae i?ecia/aoe
a?aeiia?aeio ao?iiaoiaaiaoe/io oa?ai?th.
Ca’ycie oaie c ieaiii iaoeiaeo i?aoeue onoaiiae. Aeena?oaoe?y aeeiiaia a
?aieao eiiieaenii? iaoeiai? oaie eaoaae?e aeooa?noaa ? a?iaeieia?? ?1
Oa?e?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai iaaee/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. Iiia? aea?aeaaii?
?a?no?aoe?? 01980002622.
Iaoith ?iaioe ? iioei?caoe?y ?acoeueoao?a e??io??o?a?/iiai e?eoaaiiy,
iniaeeai i?e aeiaaino?ieiaeo, i?eoiaaieo iioi/ieo ? ?aoeeaeeaoth/eo
oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo caoai?thaaiiyo OI c o?aooaaiiyi ?o ao?ieia?? ?
iaoiaaiaco, iiaeeeaino? iayaiino? noiooiuei? noaoaai? ?ioaeoe??.
Iniiai? caaea/?:
Aea/eoe aoaeoeai?noue e??io??o?a?/iiai iaoiaeo e?eoaaiiy oiiiaeo ?
ia?aae?aeiaeo caoai?thaaiue OI ia iniia? ioe?iee ee?i?/ieo,
aiaeineii?/ieo, aaeoa??ineii?/ieo, aaeoa??ieia?/ieo ? ii?oieia?/ieo
iaoiae?a aeine?aeaeaiiy ii caaaeueiii?eeiyo?e iaoiaeeoe? (naiaoe?y a
niieo/aii? c iine?aeoth/ith e??iaeano?oeoe??th).
Aeynieoe i?e/eio iaaeinoaoiuei? aoaeoeaiino? e??io??o?a?/iiai e?eoaaiiy
oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo i?ioean?a, ?aoeeaeeaoaaiiy aiaeioea?a?eic?a
i?ney caaaeueiii?eeiyoiai e?eoaaiiy.
I?iaanoe iiooe aeioe?eueii? iaoiaeeee ae?aaiinoeee oa oa?ai?? i?e
iaoieia?? OI, i?eeiath/e aei oaaae iiaeeea?noue ne?eoi? ?ioaeoe?? oa
i?iaieaoe?? ?? caaino?aiiy i?ae aieeaii e??iao?o/aiiy.
?ic?iaeoe iaoiaeeeo eiia?iiaaiiai e??io??o?a?/iiai ? i?ioecaiaeueiiai
e?eoaaiiy i?e oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo i?ioeanao oeeee iaoee (c
o?aooaaiiyi iiaeeeaino? i?eoiaaii i?io?eath/i? ?ioaeoe??) ?
cai?iiiioaaoe iia? i?aeoiaee aei ianoaaeaiiy aei ? i?ney
e??iaeano?oeoe?? oa iniaeeaino? e?eoaaeueii? oaeoeee i?e caoai?thaaiiyo,
ye? ia?aaeathoueny noaoaaei oeyoii.
Aea/eoe aaciina?aaei? oa a?aeaeaeai? ?acoeueoaoe e??io??o?a?/iiai
e?eoaaiiy ii cai?iiiiiaai?e iaoiaeeoe? a c?noaaeaii? ?o c ?acoeueoaoaie
caaaeueiii?eeiyoi? oa?ai?? aiaeia?/ieo caoai?thaaiue oeeee iaoee.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?iaioe iieyaa? a oiio, ui i?e oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo
caoai?thaaiiyo OI oia?oa cai?iiiiiaaii oaeoeeo, eiee (e??i cae/aeiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy ? naiaoe?? aei ao?o/aiiy) a ia?o? aei? i?ney e??iia?iaee
ianoaaeothoue on?o oai?eo ia iayai?noue noaoaaeo ?ioaeoe?e.
?aeiiaiaeiaaia o aeiaaeeo aeyaeaiiy ?ioaeoe?e eiiieaenia
ao?iiaoiaaiaoe/ia e?eoaaiiy aeicaieeei iaea?aeaoe e?au? ?acoeueoaoe
caai?iiy ae?eyiie e??iiae?ico (nei?i/aiiy no?ie?a iaeoaeaiiy, ciaioaiiy
/anoioe ?aoeeaeea?a) ? naioaaoe i?aai?ci ae?iie, o yeeo e??iao?o/aiiy
i?iaieoaaei caaino?aiiy caiaeueiiai i?ioeano.
I?aeoe/ia cia/ei?noue ?iaioe. E??iia?iaea iaoieia?/ii ci?iaii? OI i?e
oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo caoai?thaaiiyo ? ia o?eueee aoaeoeaiei iaoiaeii
e?eoaaiiy, aea ? ni?ey? aeyaeaiith ?ioaeoe?eii? iaoieia??. Cai?iiiiiaaia
a ?iaio? ianoaaeaiiy ia iayai?noue noaoaai? ?ioaeoe?? a ia?o? aei? i?ney
e??iao?o/aiiy on?o oai?eo ?c i?ecia/aiiyi a?aeiia?aeii? oa?ai??
?ioaeoe?eiiai i?ioeano aeicaiey? iie?ioeoe ?acoeueoaoe e?eoaaiiy oiiiaeo
? ia?aae?aeiaeo caoai?thaaiue OI. Oea aoaea ni?eyoe i?aeaeuaiith
?iaeaeno caei?ia’y ae?ii/iai ianaeaiiy, ciaioaiith iiaeeeaino? ?icaeoeo
?aeo OI ? caaacia/oaaoe e?eoaaiiy i?e ?ioaeoe?ei?e iaoieia?? ? ae?iie, ?
?oi?o noaoaaeo ia?oia??a. Naiaoe?y noaoaaiai eaiaeo ae?iie ia? aaeeea
cia/aiiy aeey caiia?aaiiy e aeooa?nueei? iaoieia??.
Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a ?iaioe. Cai?iiiiiaaiee iaoiae, iniiai?
?acoeueoaoe i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue ai?iaaaeaeaii aei i?aeoeee a
a?iaeieia?/ieo a?aeae?eaiiyo e?ea?aiue, ae?ii/eo eiinoeueoaoe?yo,
iieiaeeniaina?? i.Ni/e, a a?iaeieia?/iiio a?aeae?eaii? 5-ai iieiaiaiai
aoaeeieo i.Oa?eiaa.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Aaoi? naiino?eii noi?ioethaaa cai?iiiiiaaio
oaio aeine?aeaeaiiy ? aeanii?o/ii i?ia?a on? ee?i?/i? niinoa?aaeaiiy,
iia?aoe?? e??ieiaaoeyoe?? ? iaaeeeaiaioicia e?eoaaiiy oai?eo,
i?iaiae?coaaa io?eiai? ?acoeueoaoe.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iaoa??aee aeena?oaoe?? aeeeaaeai?
ia can?aeaii? Oa?e?anueeiai iaoeiaiai iaaee/iiai oiaa?enoaa, ia Ieaioi?
aeooa??a-a?iaeieia?a Oe?a?ie, ia Iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe??
aeooa??a-a?iaeieia?a E?aniiaea?nueeiai e?ath, ia Iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe??
“Aeooaeuei? i?iaeaie ?ai?iaeoeoieia?? ? e??iiaaeeoeeie” (Oa?e?a, 1998).
Ioae?eaoe??. Ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 4 ae?oea?nueeeo
?iaioe – 2 aeo?iaeueieo noaoo?, 2 – o ca??ieeao iaoeiaeo i?aoeue ?
iaoa??ae?a eiioa?aioe??.
Ianya ? no?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?y aeeeaaeaia ia 158 noi??ieao
iaoeiiieno, ?ethno?iaaia 11 iaethieaie oa 16 oaaeeoeyie, ui caeiathoue
16 noi??iie. ?iaioa aeeth/a? anooi, iaeyae e?oa?aoo?e, iien ee?i?/ii?
oa?aeoa?enoeee oai?eo, ui niinoa??aaeeny ? iaoiae?a aeine?aeaeaiiy, 8
?icae?e?a aeanieo niinoa?aaeaiue, iaaiai?aiiy io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a,
aeniiaee, i?aeoe/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe??, nienie e?oa?aoo?e, ui aeeth/a? 472
iaeiaioaaiiy e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaea?ae a?o/eciyieo ? caei?aeiiieo aaoi??a.
INIIAIEE CI?NO ?IAIOE
Iaoa??ae ? iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy. C iaoith aeeiiaiiy iinoaaeaieo o
?iaio? caaea/ aea/aia iaoieia?y OI o 243 ae?iie. Aanue ee?i?/iee
iaoa??ae aoei ?iciiae?eaii ia aea? a?oie. I-oa – 52 oai?? ?c oiiiaeie ?
ia?aae?aeiaeie caoai?thaaiiyie OI, ui e?eoaaeeny ca ocae/a?ieie
iaoiaeeeaie. II-aa – 191 oai?a, o ia?o? aei? i?ney i?iaaaeaiiy
e??io??o?a?/iiai e?eoaaiiy iaoieia?? OI aiie ianoaaeai? ia iayai?noue,
caaino?aiiy iiaeeeai? noaoaai? ?ioaeoe??. O ca’yceo c aaeeeith
??ciiiai?oi?noth aeyaeaieo ?ioaeoe?eieo i?ioean?a, II a?oia aoea
?iciiae?eaia ia 7 i?aea?oi: 1-oa – o eio?eo i?ney e??iao?o/aiiy
?ioaeoe?? ia aeyaeaii, 2-aa – aeeth/aea ae?iie, o yeeo i?ney
e??io??o?a?/iiai e?eoaaiiy aoei aeyaeaii o?eoiiii?ac (O), 3-oy –
oeai?ae?ic (O), 4-oa – aa?aeia?aeac (A), 5-oa – aiii?ay (Aii), 6-oa –
o?aaieaciic (O), 7-ia – ci?oaio noaoaao ?ioaeoe?th. Caaaeueia
oa?aeoa?enoeea iaoa??aeo i?eaaaeaia a oaaeeoe? 1.
Oaaeeoey 1
Caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo caoai?thaaiue OI, ui
niinoa??aaeeny
A?oia
i?aea?oia E?eue-e?noue oai?eo IA
(aiaeioea?a?eice) Iiiiiaoi-eia?y Onueiai
Onueiai Iiii-iaoieia?y O niieo/aii? E Ae E Ae
E Ae
Onueiai 243 237 97,5% 224 92,2% 6
2,5% 7
2,9% 1
0,4% 5
2,0% 7
2,9% 12 4,9%
I a?oia 52 52 100% 52 100% — — — — — —
II a?oia 191 185 96,8% 172 90,0% 6
3,2% 7
3,8% 1
0,5% 5
2,7% 7
3,8% 12 6,5%
1-oa i?aea?oia 28 28 100% 27 96,4% — 1
3,6% — — — 1
3,6%
2-aa i?aea?oia 31 30 96,8% 28 93,4% 1
3,3% 1
3,3% — 1
3,2% 1
3,2% 2
6,5%
3-y i?aea?oia 27 26 96,3% 25 96,2 1
3,8% — — 1
3,7% 1
3,7% 1
3,7%
4-a i?aea?oia 31 30 96,8% 29 96,7% 1
3,3% — — 1
3,2% 1
3,2% 1
3,2%
5-a i?aea?oia 19 19 100% 18 94,7% — 1
5,3% — — — 1
5,3%
6-a i?aea?oia 25 25 100% 25 100% — — — — — —
7-a i?aea?oia 30 27 90,0% 20 74,0% 3
11,2% 4
14,8% 1
3,4% 2
6,6% 4
13,4% 6
20,0%
On?i oai?ei i?iaiaeeeiny ee?i?/ia ianoaaeaiiy ca ?ic?iaeaiith noaiith.
Aiii aoei eiiieaeniei ? aeeth/aei a?iaeieia?/ia ianoaaeaiiy,
eieueiineii?/i?, oeeoieia?/i?, ii?oieia?/i?, aaeoa??ineii?/i? ?
aaeoa??ieia?/i? iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy.
O an?o ae?iie aeaoaeueii cae?aany aiaiiac ?c c’ynoaaiiyi niiaoe/ieo ?
a?iaeieia?/ieo caoai?thaaiue, c iniaeeaith oaaaith noiniaii caiaeueieo
i?ioean?a. C’yniaoaaeeny iniaeeaino? iaino?oaeueiiai oeeeeo, noaoaaiai
aeeooy ae?iie, oa?aeoa? ? caniae eiio?aoeaioe??, e?euee?noue ? ia?aa?a
aaa?oiinoae, iieia?a, ?o ?acoeueoaoe, e?euee?noue aai?o?a ?
i?neyaai?oieo oneeaaeiaiue. Oai?ei caaeaaaeeny ieoaiiy i?i ?o ?iaeeiiee
noai, ia?aianai? o ieioeiio noaoaa? ?ioaeoe?? ? caei?ia’y /ieia?e?a.
I?iaiaeeeiny a?iaeieia?/ia ianoaaeaiiy a?iaioaeueii ? ca aeiiiiiaith
i?oaiaeo aeca?eae o aeeiai?oe? niinoa?aaeaiiy ? e?eoaaiiy.
sse a?aeiii, iaea?eueoa ?ioi?iaoeaiei ee?i?ei-aiaeineii?/iei
ae?aaiinoe/iei iaoiaeii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? eieueiineii?y. Ca aeaieie
Rokyta ?c ni?aaao. (1989), a??ia?aei?noue eieueiineii?/ii? ae?aaiinoeee
iaoieia?? OI, ui i?aeoaa?aeaeaia a?noieia?/ii, neeaaea? 92,2%. O aeai?e
?iaio? i?iaiaeeeany i?inoa ? ?icoe?aia eieueiineii?y. OI ia?iaeyeanue 3%
?ic/eiii ioeoiai? eeneioe, i?ney /iai eieueiineii?/ia ea?oeia noaaaea
a?eueo /?oeith. E??i oiai, OI ia?iaeyeany 3% aiaeyiei ?ic/eiii Ethaiey –
i?iaa Oeea?a.
I?e aeyaeaii? IA OI caa?oaeany oaaaa ia ?? iniaeeaino? – iayai?noue
aeoii?? oeee?iae?e/iiai ai?oae?th ? oa?aeoa? ciie o?ainoi?iaoe??.
Aeyaeaia i?e eieueiineii?? E eeaneo?eoaaeany a?aeiia?aeii c
i?iiiceoe?yie ?.A.sseiae?ai? ? A.A.Eoeooa (1997), oiaoi aeae?eyeany
i?inoa E aac aoei??, ?? a?aeiineee aei oiiiaeo i?ioean?a ? E – c
aoei??th – aei ia?aae?aeiaeo.
O eiaeiiio aeiaaeeo a?aee iacee c oea?a?eaeueiiai eaiaeo, oeeee iaoee,
i?oae e o?ao?e. Caa?? iace?a cae?enithaaany a aeeiai?oe? niinoa?aaeaiiy
ca oai?eie e o i?ioean? ?oiueiai e?eoaaiiy – i?e ia?aeiiiio ianoaaeaii?
ae?iie ia?aae e??ieiaaoeyoe??th, i?ney e??io??o?a?/iiai e?eoaaiiy, o
ia?o? aei? i?ney iueiai (o II a?oi?, – ?c iaoith aeyaeaiiy a ae?iie
noaoaai? ?ioaeoe??), i?ney ao?io?iiiiai e?eoaaiiy ? i?e eiio?ieueieo
a?iaeieia?/ieo iaeyaeao, i?ney aeaeoaeaiiy oai?eo – /a?ac 3 ? 6
i?nyoe?a.
Iacee caaa?aethaaeeny ca A?aiii, ca ?iiaiianueeiio-A?ica, ca
Iaiai?eieao, 1% ?ic/eiii iaoeeaiiaiai neiueiai ? cae?enithaaeiny ?o
aaeoa??ineii?/ia aea/aiiy.
Nooi?iue /enoioe i?oae iaie ioe?ithaaeany ca ocae/a?ieie e?eoa??yie: I
no. – a?aenooi?noue eaeeioeeo?a aai iaeeie/i? ?o aecaiiey?e, II no. – ia
a?eueoa 10 oaeeo ee?oei, III no. – a?ae 10 aei 30 eaeeioeeo?a ? IV no. –
eaeeioeeoe ia ana iiea ci?o.
Iaia’yceiaei aoaiii, ui ia?aaeo? eieueiineii?? ? a?iin??, ? acyooy
iace?a-a?aeaeoe?a ?c i?oaiai? /anoeie OI (A.I.I?eeainueea, 1997). Ca
aeaieie ?.O.Ieoaeeaiei ?c ni?aaao. (1995), i?aaeeuei?noue ae?aaiic?a
iaoieia?? OI ca aeaieie o?eueee i?e?ineii?? oea?a?eaeueieo iace?a
neeaaea? eeoa 62,1%. C iaoith ooi/iaiiy ae?aaiico iaoieia?? OI ?
aeeeth/aiiy iiaiooai?aiiy ii/eiaeiny ii?oieia?/ia aeine?aeaeaiiy
i?eoe?eueii? a?iin??. C??ce caaa?aethaaeeny aaiaoienee?i-aiceiii ?
i?e?iooeneiii.
On?i oai?ei ?c iaoieia??th OI i?ecia/aeiny e??io??o?a?/ia e?eoaaiiy. sse
i?aaeei, ia?aae aieeaii ii/eiaee naiaoe?th i?oae. E??iia?iaea OI
cae?enithaaeany aiaoeaoi?ii, ?c aeei?enoaiiyi aia?aoa AEA-01, ui
i?aoeth? ia caeeno acioo, eiioaeoiei caniaii. Oaiia?aoo?a iaeiia/ieea
e??iciiaea ii?yaeeo -140( N. aa?aiooaaea e??iaeano?oeoeaiee aoaeo i?e
aeeiiaii? iia?aoe??. E??iia?iaea IA cae?enithaaeany ?iaeea?aeoaeueii, c
o?aooaaiiyi ?ici???a ? eiio?ao?aoe?? OI, a oaeiae e?eueeino? ?iae?a ?
aai?o?a, c iaeyaeo ia oea, aeei?enoiaoaaeeny ??ci? iaeiia/ieee.
Aeniiceoe?y e??iaieeao o iaoeo oai?eo caeaaeaea a?ae aeaieo
eieueiineii?? ? eieeaaeany a iaaeao 3-4 oaeeeie, i?e/iio e??iiae?ic
iioe?thaaany ia aeeaeio a?ey 2 ii.
E??io??o?a?/ia ao?o/aiiy i?e IA a oai?eo, ye i?aaeei, aoei iaeii?aciaei.
O aeiaaeeao E ? Ae cae?enithaaee aeaioeeeeiaa caii?iaeoaaiiy OI ?c
i?ii?aeeaie /ano i?ae aieeaaie 10-12 oaeeei. Ciia e??iiae?ico cae/aeii
aenooiaea ia 3-4 ii ca e?a? IA. O?eaae?noue a?aeoaaaiiy neeaaeaea
aeae?eueea oaeeei. I?ney oeueiai i?ioyaii aeaio oeaei?a a?aecia/aeeny
neeuei? aiaeyieno? aeae?eaiiy (e?ioi?ay). O cacia/aiee ia??iae
i?ioiaeeee i?ioeane ai?oae?caoe?? ? eieaaai?caoe?? (A.?.A?euaiei,
A.I.Naiaeiie?nueeee, 1987). C ae?oaiai oeaeiy ii/eiaeiny a?aeoi?aiaiiy
iae?ioe/ieo ian ? aei e?ioey i?nyoey ai?oae?caoe?y cae/aeii
cae?i/oaaeany.
I?ci?oa cae?enithaaeeny eiio?ieuei? iaeyaee ae?iie /a?ac 1, 2, 3 ? 6
i?nyoe?a.
Aeey ae??oaiiy ieoaiue, ui noinothoueny ?acenoaioiino? IA aei e?eoaaiiy
a ieioeiio ? c iaoith iioei?caoe?? ?acoeueoao?a e??io??o?a?/iiai
e?eoaaiiy a aeaiiio, aei e??iia?iaee e o a?eueoino? oai?eo i?ney ia?
cae?enithaaeeny ??ciiiai?oi? aeine?aeaeaiiy aeey aeyaeaiiy a ieo
noaoaai? ?ioaeoe??. Iiaoi?ii ?iaeeeny aaeoa??ineii?/i? ? aaeoa??ieia?/i?
aeine?aeaeaiiy, cae?enithaaeany ethi?ianoeaioia i?e?ineii?y, iie?ia?acia
eaioethaiaa ?aaeoe?y. Inoaiiy cae?enithaaeany ia aia?ao? oa?iioeeeea? ?A
9600 ?c aeei?enoaiiyi aioiaeo iaai??a IE? oano-nenoai. Ca aeiiiiiaith
aeaiiai iaoiaeo aeyaeyeeny oeai?ae??, aa?aeia?aee, aeeieieiee Iaena?a,
a??one i?inoiai aa?iana, oeeoiiaaaeiae?on (OeIA), iai?eiiaa??onia
?ioaeoe?y (IA?) oa ?i.
C iaoith ?aeaioeo?eaoe?? o?aaieaci cae?enithaaany i?yiee iaoiae
oanooaaiiy ia o?aaco c ?iaeeeaoi?ii – noeueoaoii ia?aaioeth. O ?iaio?
aeei?enoaia oaeiae ?aaeoe?y ia aeyaeaiiy aioeaai?a iaoiaeii i?yii?
?ioiioethi?anoeaioe?? ia ethi?ianoeaioiiio i?e?ineii?.
O aeiaaeeao aeyaeaiiy na?aae ae?iie II a?oie i?ney e??io??o?a?/iiai
e?eoaaiiy iaoieia?? OI noaoaaeo ?ioaeoe?e, a?ae?aco ae i?ecia/aeany
eiiieaenia ao?iiaoiaaiaoe/ia oa?ai?y ?c canoinoaaiiyi no/anieo
e?ea?nueeeo cania?a. Ie aaaaeaee ca aeioe?eueia canoiniaoaaoe caaaeueio
? i?noeaao i?ioecaiaeueio oa?ai?th, ui ca?aa?oueny c aeoieith ?ioeo
aeine?aeiee?a – ss.I.Nieueneiai ?c ni?aaao. (1990), A.A.Eiaeea?ueiai? ?c
ni?aaao. (1992) ? ?i. A iniia? e?eoaaiiy aoa i?yiee aieea ia caoaeiee?a
?ioaeoe??, noeioethaaiiy ?aaaia?aoeaieo i?ioean?a o neeceno?e iaieiioe?
OI, i?aeaeuaiiy ?ioiieiae/ii? ?aaeoeaiino? ? caaaeueii? ianiaoeeo?/ii?
?acenoaioiino? i?aai?cio.
I?e oeueiio aoei aeei?enoaii aaeeeo a?oio i?aia?ao?a – iio?aeieo
i?o?i?i?aeacieo: iao?ii?aeacie, o?aa?ae (i?i?aeacie), o?i?aeacie
(oac?aeei), iao?ia?e, i?noeaai – eeio?eiacie, “Eaianoai”.
C aioea?ioee?a o e?eoaaii? aeei?enoiaoaaeeny aeieneoeeee?i, caiaoeei,
eaiai?oeei, ?oe?ae, o?aa?oeei, noiaiaae. Inoaii?e ? i?aia?aoii oe?ieiai
niaeo?o ae?? ? iaeaoaeoeai?oei i?e e?eoaaii? oeai?ae?ico. I?aia?aoii
aeai?o i?e e?eoaaii? aiii?a? aoa oeaoo??aenii. Aeuacaaaeai? aioea?ioeee
ia??aeei i?ecia/aeeny a ??ciiiai?oieo niieo/aiiyo. Aeey i?noeaaiai
aieeao oe?iei aeei?enoiaoaaany e?ai “Aeaeaoeei”.
C aaeoa??oeeaeieo cania?a iaoe??ioeai i?ecia/aee ao?eeai, a oaeiae
i?oaia? na?/? “Aaoaaeei”.
Uia caiia?aoe ?icaeoeo eaiaeeaeico, ae?iee i?eeiaee i?noaoei aai
eaai?ei.
O ca’yceo c ii?ooaiiyie a ?ioii?e noa?? i?e aaaaoueio noaoaaeo
?ioaeoe?yo oai?ei i?ecia/aeeny c iiceoeaiei aoaeoii ?ioiiiiaeoeyoi?e e
?iaeoeoi?e ?ioa?oa?ii?a: O-aeoea?i, eaaai?cie, iaia??, oeeeeioa?ii,
eaee?ioa?ii, ui ca?aa?oueny c aeaieie I.I.Aeiia?aae (1995). Aa?iee aoaeo
aoei io?eiaii i?e aaaaeaii? aei eo?no e?eoaaiiy oai?ei ?c ??cieie
aeaeaie noaoaai? ?ioaeoe?? oa?iaioiiai i?aia?aoo “Aiaaicei”, a oaeiae
a?oai?i?a a?oie “A”, a?o. “A” ? “?”.
C iaoith a?aeiiaeaiiy ii?iaeueii? i?e?ioei?e i?oae canoiniaoaaeeny
aoa?ioeee – eaeoiaaeoa?ei, a?o?aeoiaaeoa?ei. E??i oiai, i?e e?eoaaii?
aeei?enoiaoaaeeny i?oaia? na?/? “Aoeeeaeo”, iacue “??oenii” ? ?io?
i?aia?aoe.
Iaea?eueoa neeaaeiei ca i?aeai?ii i?aia?ao?a, iine?aeiai?noth
i?ecia/aiiy, o?eaae?noth ?o canoinoaaiiy ? aeicoaaiiyi aoei e?eoaaiiy
ae?iie ?c ci?oaiith ?ioaeoe??th. O oe?e i?aea?oi? a eiiieaeni?e oa?ai??
c iaoith aeac?ioieneeaoe?? iaea?eueo /anoi canoiniaoaaee aaiaoii?ioaeoi?
– anaioe?ae?.
Noaoenoe/ia ia?iaea ?acoeueoao?a ee?i?/ieo niinoa?aaeaiue
cae?enithaaeanue ?c aeei?enoaiiyi ia?aiao?e/ieo iaoiae?a aiae?co ca
O?oa?ii-No’thaeaioii. ?icoiaeaeaiiy iieaciee?a aaaaeaeeny noaoenoe/ii
aeinoia??ieie i?e ? 0,05).
I?e c?noaaeaii? ocaaaeueiaieo aeaieo ii II a?oi? a ii??aiyii? c I,
?acoeueoao oa?ai?? aoa e?auei o II, iniiai?e (o?ioe a?eueo iaoyaeai?e)
a?oi? ? oe? ?icoiaeaeaiiy iineee noaoenoe/ii aeinoia??iee oa?aeoa? (?
AIIOAOe?ss
Eoaaieiaa I.A. Iioei?caoe?y ?acoeueoao?a e??io??o?a?/iiai e?eoaaiiy
oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo caoai?thaaiue oeeee iaoee c o?aooaaiiyi
noiooiuei? ?ioaeoe?? aai?oaeueiiai o?aeoo. ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa iaaee/ieo iaoe
ca oaoii 14.01.01 - Aeooa?noai ? a?iaeieia?y - Aea?aeaaiee iaaee/iee
oi?aa?neoao. Oa?e?a. 1999 ?.
Aea/aii 243 aeiaaeee oiiiaeo ? ia?aae?aeiaeo caoai?thaaiue, na?aae yeeo
o ia?aaaaei?e a?eueoino? aoee inaaaeia?ic??, aiaeioea?a?eice ui ?iiae?
niieo/athoueny c eaeeiieae??th ? aeenieac??th. On?i ae?ieai aoei
i?iaaaeaii e??io??o?a?/ia e?eoaaiiy iaoieia?? oeeee iaoee, aeai?
?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ui aei oaoi?ee eiai i?iaaaeaiiy.
52 oai?? e?eoaaeeny ca cae/aeiith iaoiaeeeith (eiio?ieueia a?oia); iiaia
caai?iiy ianooieei a 35 (67,3%) oai?eo. Iaaeinoaoi?e aoaeo e?eoaaiiy
/anoi aoa iaoiiaeaiee caaino?aiiyi ni?iaieiaaii? e??iaieeaii i?eoiaaii?
?ioaeoe??. Iaa?oioiaaia aeioe?euei?noue ianoaaeaiiy ae?iie (e??i
ianoaaeaiiy oa naiaoe?? aei e??iaieeao) o ia?o? aei? i?ney e??iao?o/aiiy
ia aeyaeaiiy noaoaaeo ?ioaeoe?e. I?e oeueiio c 191 ae?iee o 163 (85,7%)
aeyaeai? o?eoiiiiaaee, oeai?ae??, aa?aeia?aee, aiiieiee, o?aaieacie e
anioe?eiaaia ci?oaia ?ioaeoe?y, o ca'yceo c /ei oai?ei a?ae?aco ae aoei
i?ecia/aii eiiieaenia ??ciia?/ia ao?iiaoiaaiaoe/ia e?eoaaiiy. O
?acoeueoao? i?iaaaeaiiai ii?aeiaiiai e??io??o?a?/iiai ao?o/aiiy c
i?ioe?ioaeoe?eiei i?ioecaiaeueiei e?eoaaiiyi aoaeoeai?noue eiai
aeyaeeany aeuith - iaeoaeaiiy o 178 niinoa?aaeaiiyo (93,1%, ?(0,005) – o
ii??aiyii? ?c caaaeueiii?eeiyoith iaoiaeeeith oa?ai??, nei?i/oaaany
oa?i?i caai?iiy ia i?noe? e??iiae?ico ? ianooiaea iiaia ai?oae?caoe?y
oeeee iaoee, ciaiooaaeany e?euee?noue ?aoeeaeea?a, nei?i/oaaeeny oa?i?ie
? iie?iooaaeany ye?noue e?eoaaiiy noaoaaeo ?ioaeoe?e, a?aeaoaaeany
naiaoe?y iiae?oaei?o ia? a?ae noaoaai? ?ioaeoe??, ui iaei aaeeea ia
o?eueee iaaee/ia, aea ? nioe?aeueia cia/aiiy.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: oiiia? caoai?thaaiiy oeeee iaoee, ia?aae?aeiaee noai
oeeee iaoee, a?ic??, aiaeioea?a?eice oeeee iaoee, aeenieac?y,
eaeeiieae?y, e??io??o?a?/ia e?eoaaiiy, caoai?thaaiiy, ye? ia?aaeathoueny
noaoaaei oeyoii.
Aiiioaoeey
Eoaaieiaa I.A. Iioeiecaoeey ?acoeueoaoia e?eioe?o?ae/aneiai ea/aiey
oiiiauo e i?aae?aeiauo caaieaaaiee oaeee iaoee n o/aoii niioonoaothuae
eioaeoeee aaieoaeueiiai o?aeoa. ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa iaaeeoeeineeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 14.01.01 - Aeooa?noai e aeiaeieiaey -
Ainoaea?noaaiiue iaaeeoeeineee oieaa?neoao. Oa?ueeia. 1999 a.
Eco/aii 243 neo/ay oiiiauo e i?aae?aeiauo caaieaaaiee, n?aaee eioi?uo a
iiaeaaeythuai aieueoeinoaa auee inaaaeiy?icee, yiaeioea?aeeicu, eiiaaea
ni/aoathueany n eaeeiieaeeae e aeenieaceae. A ianeieueeeo iaaethaeaieyo
iineaaeiea oeao?e?iaaee a aeeaaiica naiinoiyoaeueii. Anai aeaiueiai
i?iaaaeaii e?eioe?o?ae/aneia ea/aiea iaoieiaee oaeee iaoee, aeaiu
?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii oaoieea aai i?iaaaeaiey. E?eiaicaeaenoaeth
i?aaeoanoaiaaei ouaoaeueiia ianeaaeiaaiea iaoeeaioie, aeeth/aaoaa n?aaee
i?i/eo iaoiaeia eieueiineiieth. I?e auyaeaiee inaaaeiy?icee
(yiaeioea?aeeicia) iniaia aieiaiea oaeaeyeinue iaee/eth yeoiiee
oeeeeiae?e/aneiai yieoaeey, oa?aeoa?o ciiu o?ainoi?iaoeee. Ai anao
iaaethaeaieyo a?aee iacee ec oea?aeeaeueiiai eaiaea, oaeee iaoee,
aeaaaeeua e o?ao?u. Acyoea iaceia i?iaiaeeeinue oaeaea a aeeiaieea iinea
e?eioe?o?ae/aneiai aicaeaenoaey. Iacee ie?aoeaaeenue ii A?aio,
?iiaiianeiio-Aeica, ii Iaiaieeieao, iaoeeaiiaui neiei, ioeaieaaeanue
noaiaiue /enoiou aeaaaeeuiiai niaea?aeeiiai. I?iaiaeeeinue enneaaeiaaiea
iaceia – ioia/aoeia, ii?oieiae/aneia enneaaeiaaiea o/anoeia, acyouo i?e
i?eoeaeueiie aeiinee. Aeey eaeaioeoeeaoeee oa?aeoa?a eioaeoeee
eniieueciaaeanue iieeia?aciay oeaiiay ?aaeoeey.
52 aieueiua ea/eeenue ii iauai?eiyoie iaoiaeeea (eiio?ieueiay a?oiia);
iieiia caaeeaeaiea ianooieei o 35 (67,3%) aieueiuo. Iaiieiay
yieoaeecaoeey ioia/aeanue o 11 (21,2%), ?aoeeaeea o 6 (11,5%) aieueiuo.
Iaaeinoaoi/iue yooaeo ea/aiey /anoi aue iaoneiaeai iaino?aieai
i?iaioee?iaaiiie e?eiaicaeaenoaeai ne?uoie eioaeoeee. Iainiiaaia
oeaeaniia?aciinoue ianeaaeiaaiey aeaiuei (iiieii iau/iiai ianeaaeiaaiey
e naiaoeee aei aiaoaoaeuenoaa) a ia?aua aeie iinea e?eiaiaoaoaeuenoaa ia
auyaeaiea iieiauo eioaeoeee. I?e yoii ec 191 aeaiueiu o 163 (85,7%)
iaia?oaeaiu o?eoiiiiaaeu, oeaieaeee, aa?aeia?aeeu, aiiieieee, o?aaieaciu
e annioeee?iaaiiay niaoaiiay eioaeoeey, a nayce n /ai aieueiui n?aco aea
auei iacia/aii eiiieaeniia yoeiiaoiaaiaoe/aneia ea/aiea. Iii aeeth/aei
iauoth e ianoioth i?ioeaiainiaeeoaeueioth oa?aieth n i?yiui aeeyieai ia
aicaoaeeoaeae eioaeoeee, noeioeyoeeae ?aaaia?aoeaiuo i?ioeannia a
neecenoie iaiei/ea oaeee iaoee, iiauoaiea eiioiieiae/aneie ?aaeoeaiinoe
e iauae ianiaoeeoe/aneie ?acenoaioiinoe i?aaiecia. Iaeiia?aiaiii
i?iaiaeeeinue oaeaea niioaaonoaothuaa ea/aiea iieiauo ia?oia?ia.
A ?acoeueoaoa i?iaaaeaiiiai ni/aoaiiiai e?eioe?o?ae/aneiai
aiaoaoaeuenoaa n i?ioeaieioaeoeeiiiui i?ioeaiainiaeeoaeueiui ea/aieai
yooaeoeaiinoue aai ieacaeanue auoa - aucaei?iaeaiea a 178 iaaethaeaieyo
(93,1%, ?(0,005), iaiieiay yieoaeecaoeey iaaethaeaeanue o 7 (3,7%)
aieueiuo – ii n?aaiaieth n iauai?eiyoie iaoiaeeeie oa?aiee, nie?auaeenue
n?iee caaeeaeaiey ia ianoa e?eiiae?ica e ianooiaea iieiay yieoaeecaoeey
oaeee iaoee, oiaiueoaeinue eiee/anoai ?aoeeaeeaia (o 6 aeaiuei – 3,2%),
nie?auaeenue n?iee e oeo/oaeinue ea/anoai ea/aiey iieiauo eioaeoeee,
i?ienoiaeeea naiaoeey noi?oaeaneeo ia? io iieiaie eioaeoeee, /oi eiaao
aieueoia ia oieueei iaaeeoeeineia, ii e nioeeaeueiia cia/aiea.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: oiiiaua caaieaaaiey oaeee iaoee, i?aae?aeiaua ninoiyiey
oaeee iaoee, y?icee, yiaeioea?aeeicu oaeee iaoee, aeenieacey,
eaeeiieaeey, e?eioe?o?ae/aneia ea/aiea, caaieaaaiey, ia?aaeathueany
iieiaui iooai.
ANNOTATION
Lubenkova N.V. Optimization of the results of cryosurgical treatment of
background and precancer uterine cervix diseases tacking into account
accompanying infection of genital tract. Manuscript.
Thesis for candidate’s degree (medicine) obtaining on the 14.01.01
speciality – Obstetrics and Gynaecology – State Medical University.
Kharkov. 1999.
243 cases of background and precancer diseases including mainly
pseudoerosions, endocervicoses, sometimes combining with leukoplakia and
dysplasia have been studied. All women were cryotreated on the pathology
of uterine cervix, the recommendations on its conducting technique have
been given.
52 patients were treated by means of traditional methods (control
group). in 35 cases (67,3%) a complete healing of erosions was obtained.
Insufficient treating effect often was stipulated by the aggravation of
provoked by cryoeffect latent infection. The expediency of women
monitoring (not only before cryoinvasion) in the first days after
cryoinvasion is grounded. Threat in 163 (85,7%) of 191 women
trichomonades, chlamidias, gardnerellas, gonococci, ureaplasmas,
associated combined infection have been revealed; in this connection a
combined versatile etiopathogenetic treatment has been indicated. As the
result of conducted combined cryosurgical intervention and
anti-infections antiinflammatory treatment. Its efficiency occured to be
higher - recovering in 178 observations (93,1%, ?(0,005) in comparison
with traditional therapy, terms of healing on the place of cryonecroses
reduced and a complete epithelization of uterine cervix occurred, the
number of relapses decreased, the terms reduced and the quality of
sexual infections treatment improved, sanation of married couples from
sexual infections occurred, having a great not only medical, but and
social value.
Key words: uterine cervix background diseases, uterine cervix precancer
states, erosions, endocervicoses uterine cervix, displasia, leukoplakia,
cryosurgical treatment, diseases transmitted by sexual way.
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