.

Організаційно-економічні фактори розвитку малого підприємництва в Україні: Автореф. дис… канд. екон. наук / І.В. Степанова, Одес. держ. екон. ун-т.

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I?i?noa?noai ina?oe Oe?a?ie

Iaeanueeee aea?aeaaiee aeiiii?/iee oi?aa?neoao

OAeE 330.190.2

NOAIAIIAA ??EIA AAAeEI?AIA

I?AAI?CAOe?EII-AEIIII?*I? OAEOI?E ?ICAEOEO IAEIAI I?AeI?E?IIEOeOAA A
OE?A?I?

08.06. 02. –I?aei?e?iieoeoai, iaiaaeaeiaio oa ia?eaoeia

Aaoi?aoa?ao

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe

Iaeana – 1999

Aeena?oaoe?y ? ?oeiien

?iaioo aeeiiaii a Iaeanueeiio aea?aeaaiiio aeiiii?/iiio

oi?aa?neoao? I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?

?aaeuee?i Ieaenaiae? Naiaiiae/, Iaeanueeee aea?aeaaiee

aeiiii?/iee oi?aa?neoao I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie,

i?i?aeoi? c iaoeiai? ?iaioe.

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe Aooaiei Aiaoie?e ?aaiiae/, ?inoeooo

i?iaeai ?eieo oa aeiiii?ei – aeieia?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue IAI Oe?a?ie,

caa?aeoaa/ a?aeae?eii ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeoaa, i.Iaeana;

eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe Ia?nye Aieiaeeie? Ieeeoi?iae/,

Oe?a?inueeee aea?aeaaiee oaoi?/iee Ii?nueeee oi?aa?neoao, aeioeaio

eaoaae?e aeiiii?ee oa i?aai?caoe?? noaeiiaoae?aieoeoaa, i.Ieeiea?a.

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa:

Ee?anueeee iaoe?iiaeueiee aeiiii?/iee oi?aa?neoao,

eaoaae?a no?aoaa?? i?aei?e?iieoeoaa, i. Ee?a.

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “7” aa?aniy 1999 ?ieo i 14 aiaeei? ia

can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 41.055.01 a Iaeanueeiio
aea?aeaaiiio aeiiii?/iiio oi?aa?neoao? ca aae?anith: 270026, Iaeana,
I?aia?aaeainueea, 8.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny a a?ae?ioaoe? Iaeanueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai aeiiii?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ca aae?anith: 270026, Iaeana,
I?aia?aaeainueea, 8.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “9” /a?aiy 1999 ?ieo.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ia?e?oai I.N.

Caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe

Aeooaeuei?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy. O?ainoi?iaoe?y a?aeiioaiue aeaniino? ?
oei?a ainiiaea?nueeeo no?oeoo? aeoeaii aieeaa? ia oi?ioaaiiy
i?aei?e?iieoeueeiai na?aaeiaeua a Oe?a?i?. I?e oeueiio iae? ? na?aaei?
i?aei?e?inoaa a?ae?a?athoue nooo?ao ?ieue a noaiiaeaii? aaaaoioeeaaeii?
aeiiii?ee.

?aoi?ie, ui a?aeaoaathoueny a Oe?a?i? iaoiiaeee i?ioeane
aeaiiiiiie?caoe?? ? i?eaaoecaoe?? aea?aeaaii? aeaniino?. Iiyaa
??ciiiai?oieo oi?i i?aei?e?iieoeoaa ? ae?eiai? aeoeaiino? aeiaaa?
iaoeiaiai iaa?oiooaaiiy ae??aino? ?eieiaeo aaaeae?a ? noeioe?a ?icaeoeo
iaeeo ? na?aaei?o i?aei?e?inoa, ye?, ia aeaeue, ? iaea?eueo a?aceeaeie
i?ae aieeaii ?nioth/eo i?ioe??/ c aieo aea?aeaae ? aaeeeeo i?aei?e?inoa.
Iniaeeai? aino?ioe iaaoaa? i?iaeaia ?ic?iaee i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio i?aeo?eiee i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino? c a?aooaaiiyi
aeiiii?/ieo, iie?oe/ieo, nioe?aeueieo, i?aaiaeo oa ?ioeo oiia ?icaeoeo.

Oai??y ? i?aeoeea iaeiie/eee aeinoaoi?e aeina?ae, ui aecia/a?
i?aei?e?iieoeoai caaaeii ? iaea i?aei?e?iieoeoai a oiio /ene?.

Aaoi? iie?aeanue ia aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaeai ?icaeoeo iaeeo ? na?aaei?o
oi?i i?aei?e?iieoeoaa, ye? i?aaenoaaeai? a ?iaioao oaeeo aaoi??a, ye
A.A. Aa?aiiaa , I.?. Aa??aa, ?.?.Ai?no/aiei , A.A. Aeno?iai?, E.O.
Aa?oiaiaeiai?, A.I. Aeaniai?, I.A. Aeooaoeueeiai, ?.I. Ai?aoiiaa, A.A.
Aa?aca?yia,I.I. ??iioaiei, I.I Caaethea, A.I. ?/?oiae?ia, A.Ae.
Eaia?ai?, Ae.A. Eoc?ia, N.E. Eaiiiaa, A.A. Iaacia?a, A.A. ?aecaa?aa, A.
Ni?oa, A.I.*?iaiiiai, A.Oine?iaa, E. Ooiiaoa?a oa ?io.

I?ioa niinoa??aa?oueny iaeiiaie?noue i?aeoiae?a aei i?iaeaie, ui
aeyaey?oueny a aeine?aeaeaiiyo eeoa ie?aieo ?en i?aei?e?iieoeueei?
ae?yeueiino?. A?aenooi?noue nenoaiaoecaoe?? e no?oeoo?iooai?thth/eo
oa?aeoa?enoee i?aei?e?iieoeoaa ia aeicaiey? a iiai?e i??? noi?ioaaoe
iie?oe/i? oa aeiiii?/i? ianoaiiaeaiiy ?icaeoeo oeueiai aeaeo
ae?yeueiino?. Oea ? aecia/eei aea?? oaie.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeena?oaoe?eia
aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeiiaia o a?aeiia?aeiino? aei caoaa?aeaeaii? iaeacii
I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie ? 37 a?ae 13.02.97 ?. i?ia?aie “Aeiiii?/i?
i?iaeaie ?icaoaeiae aea?aeaaiino? Oe?a?ie: aaaeae? oa noeioee ?icaeoeo
ainiiaea?/eo nenoai”, a oaeiae a ?aieao oaie eaoaae?e iaiaaeaeiaioo
“Iaoiaee/i? ? i?aai?caoe?ei? aniaeoe oi?ioaaiiy ?eieiaiai iaoai?cio a
oi?aae?ii? ia ??ai? o??i”, ui ?ic?iaey?oueny ca oaiaoe/iei ieaiii
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o Iaeanueeiai aeiiii?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ia
1997-1999 ??. ( i?aenoaaa aeey aeeiiaiiy IAe? – ??oaiiy Eii?aeeiaoe?eii?
?aaee oi?aa?neoaoo, i?ioieie ? 2 a?ae 11.03. 1997?.).

Iaoa ? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoith ?iaioe ? ?ic?iaea iaoiaee/ieo
?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei ?icaeoeo iaeeo oi?i i?aei?e?iieoeoaa, iaa?oiooaaiiy
?o no?oeoo?iooaithth/eo oa?aeoa?enoee, a oaeiae iai?yie?a no?aoaa??
i?aeo?eiee i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino?.

O a?aeiia?aeiino? aei iaoe aoee iinoaaeai? ianooii? caaaeaiiy:

– ocaaaeueieoe caeiiii??iino? ? ?ene iaeeo oi?i i?aei?e?iieoeoaa
aeoiaey/e ?c noo? aeaiiai aeaeo ae?yeueiino?;

– ?ice?eoe aeiiii?ei-i?aaiaee aniaeo aca?iia?aeiioaiue i?ae noa’?eoaie
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa c a?aooaaiiyi ??ciiiai?oieo oi?i aeaniino?;

– iaa?oiooaaoe no?oeoo?iooai?thth/? oa?aeoa?enoeee i?aei?e?iieoeueei?
ae?yeueiino? ca iciaeaie aaeocaai?, oa?eoi??aeueii? ? ?ioi? iaeaaeiino?,
aeeth/ath/e oi?ie aeaniino? oa ?ici??e i?aei?e?inoa;

– ia iniia? aiae?co noaio i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a Oe?a?i? ? eiie?aoii a
ie?aieo ?aa?iiao aeae?eeoe oaiaeaioe?th ?icaeoeo aeaiiai yaeua a
ii??aiyii? c aeina?aeii ca?oa?aeieo e?a?i;

– aecia/eoe iine?aeiai?noue ia?aoiaeo a?ae iaeiiai oeio
i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino? aei ?ioiai ii i??? iaeiie/aiiy eai?oaeo;

– iaa?oiooaaoe iiooe ? oeyoe ae??oaiiy i?iaeai oi?ioaaiiy oa
aoaeoeaiiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieiai? ?io?ano?oeoo?e, ui caaacia/o?
aca?iiae?th iaeeo, na?aaei?o oa aaeeeeo oi?i i?aei?e?iieoeoaa;

– ?ic?iaeoe ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? aeey aaeineiiaeaiiy iaoai?cio
?aaoethaaiiy iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa oa noai?aiiy i?aai?caoe?eii –
aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio eiai i?aeo?eiee a Oe?a?i? oa a ?aa?iiao.

Iaoiaeieia?y oa iaoiaeeea aeine?aeaeaiiy . Oai?aoe/iith ?
iaoiaeieia?/iith iniiaith aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ? i?aoe? oe?a?inueeeo
oa ca?oa?aeieo a/aieo – aeiiii?no?a, caeiiiaeaanoai Oe?a?ie, ui
noino?oueny i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino?, i?aeia?iaei? noaiaea?oe
ae?yeueiino? iaeeo i?aei?e?inoa. A i?ioean? aeine?aeaeaiiy a ?iaio?
aeei?enoai? iaoiaee ?iaeoeoe??, aeaaeoeoe??, ii??aiyeueiiai oa
oaeoi?iiai aiae?co oa ?io?, ui canoiniaothoueny o aea/aii? aeiiii?/ieo
i?ioean?a.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa? a oiio, ui a ?iaio?

– aeiiiaiai? a?aoiaioe, ye? i?aeoaa?aeaeothoue, ui aeani?noue ?
iaa?ae’?iiei ao?eaooii i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino?, a oaeiae
i?eioeeiia? i?aeoiaee aei aiae?co oaeoi??a, ui aieeaathoue ia
eiia?oe?eio ae?yeuei?noue a oiiaao noaiiaeaiiy ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei;

– ?icoe?aia eeaneo?eaoe?y iniiaieo oei?a iaeeo i?aei?e?inoa c
o?aooaaiiyi ?o aaiethoe??;

– iaa?oioiaaii iae?iaeiiii?/ia oa nioe?aeueia cia/aiiy ?icaeoeo iaeiai
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a ae??oaii? i?iaeai aac?ia?ooy a Oe?a?i?;

– cae?eniaia eiiieaenia ioe?iea oa?eoi??aeueii – aaeocaai? no?oeoo?e
iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a Oa?niinuee?e iaeano?;

– ?ic?iaeai? iaoiaee/i? iniiae i?aai?caoe?eii? aca?iiae?? ? i?aeo?eiee
iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a ?aa?ii?, aeeth/ath/e iniaeeaino? noai?aiiy
a?cian-?ieoaaoi??a;

– iaa?oioiaaia i?eioeeiiaa noaia i?ia?aiiiai i?aeoiaeo uiaei i?aeo?eiee
iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a ?aa?ii?.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy
?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? a noai?aii? caaa?oaii? oe?e?nii?
iaoiaeeee canoinoaaiiy i?ia?aiii-oe?eueiaeo iaoiae?a i?aeo?eiee oa
?icaeoeo iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a ?aa?ii?.

?acoeueoaoe iaoeiaeo ?ic?iaie ai?iaaaeaeai? a eo?ne aeiiii?/ieo
aeenoeeie?i, ui aeeeaaeathoueny aaoi?ii a Oa?niinueeiio aea?aeaaiiio
iaaeaaia?/iiio oi?aa?neoao?.

Cai?iiiiiaaia aeena?oaioii iaoiaeeea i?aeo?eiee iaeiai a?ciano a
?aa?iiao aeicaiey? oaeineiiaethaaoe i?aai?caoe?ei? oaeoi?e ?icaeoeo
aeaiiai aeaeo ae?yeueiino?. Oey iaoiaeeea oi?aa?naeueia ii a?aeiioaiith
aei i?ieeaeo aeiiii?/ieo oiia a iao?e e?a?i?.

Iane?aeeii ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeaii? i?ia?aie e?euee?noue iaeeo i?aei?e?inoa
a Oa?niinuee?e iaeano? ca ia??iae 1997 – 98 ??. ca?eueoeeanue aaeai?.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a iieyaa? a oiio, ui aia?oa a aeine?aeaeaii?
noi?iiaaia nenoaia i?aeo?eiee iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa ia ?aa?iiaeueiiio
??ai?, ui i?ecaaia ae??oeoe ?yae i?iaeai, iia’ycaieo c ?icaeoeii a
oeueiio iai?yieo.

Ca o/anoth aaoi?a ?ic?iaeaia oe?eueiaa eiiieaenia i?ia?aia i?aeo?eiee
?icaeoeo iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa Oa?niinueei? iaeano?. I?aaenoaaeai?
?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei aeiiii?/iiai iaa?oiooaaiiy canoinoaaiiy oe?eueiaiai
eiiieaeniiai i?aeoiaeo i?e ae??oaii? caaaeaiue iathoue i?aeoe/ia
cia/aiiy, iia’ycaia c ?icaeoeii iaeiai a?ciano. Caeiaoaa/ oaeiae a?aea
o/anoue a ?ioeo iaoeiaeo ?ic?iaeao c aeacaii? oaiaoeee

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy. Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a
aeine?aeaeaiiy a?aeaoaaeany ia ?yae? iaeeo i?aei?e?inoa i. Oa?niia, a
Oa?niinueeiio aea?aeaaiiio iaaeaaia?/iiio oi?aa?neoao? i?e ?ic?iaoe? oa
aeeeaaeaii? eo?n?a c aeiiii?/ieo aeenoeeie?i. Aieiai? aeniiaee
aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy iaaiai?thaaeeny a Oa?niinueeiio
iaeaniiio oi?aae?ii? aeiiii?eith. Ie?ai? iieiaeaiiy eyaee a iniiao
aeiiia?aeieo caienie aei aeeiiaa/eo oa aee?aeoeaieo i?aai?a, a oaeiae
iaoiaee/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e ia ?yae? eiioa?aioe?e, nai?ia??a, a oiio
/ene?: ia ?aa?iiaeuei?e i?aeiaeani?e iaoeiai – i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe??
“Aeooaeueiua i?iaeaiu aoiaieoa?iie iiaeaioiaee nooaeaioia”, Iaeana,
IAeO, 1991 ?.; ia Anaoe?a?inuee?e iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? “I?iaeaie
no/anii? iie?oeee oa oeyoe ?? cae?eniaiiy”, Iaeana, IAeO, ea?oaiue 1993
?ieo; ia Anaoe?a?inuee?e iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? “Oe?a?ia: noaiiaeaiiy
iacaeaaeiino?”, Iaeana, IAeO, aeiaoaiue 1993 ?ieo.

Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe aeiiia?aeaeeny ia
i?aeia?iaei?e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “?aa?iiaeuei? iniaeeaino?
aca?iiae?? nenoai aeiiii?/iiai iaa/aiiy” (Ee?a, 1995?.),
iaoeiai-iaoiaee/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo “I?aeaioiaea oao?aoe?a, ui iia?eueii
i?enoiniaothoueny aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei” (Iaeana, 1995?.), “I?iaeaie
i?aeaioiaee ? ia?ai?aeaioiaee oao?aoe?a aeey noa?e ianeoaiaoaaiiy a
oiiaao ?aa?iiaeueiiai ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeoaa” (Iaeana, 1996 ?.),
“Ieoaiiy iaoiaee/iiai caaacia/aiiy iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano ? yeino?
i?aeaioiaee oao?aoe?a” (Iaeana, 1996 ?.)

Ioae?eaoe??. Aieiaiee ci?no ? aeniiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeeaaeaii aaoi?ii
o ainueie iaoeiaeo ?iaioao, caaaeueiei ianyaii 2,2 ae. a., iniaenoee
aianie caeiaoaa/a neeaaea? 1,8 ae. a.

No?oeoo?a ? ianya aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa neeaaea?oueny ?c
anooio, aeaio ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae,
aeiaeaoe?a. Caaaeueiee ianya aeena?oaoe?? neeaaea? 170 noi??iie
iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, a oiio /ene? 14 oaaeeoeue, 8 iaethie?a, 3
aeiaeaoee. Nienie aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e, aeeeaaeaiee ia 8 noi??ieao ?
ia?aoiao? 117 iaeiaioaaiue.

Iniiaiee ci?no aeena?oaoe??.

A aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? iinoaaeaiee oa ae??oaiee eiiieaen oai?aoe/ieo
oa iaoiaeieia?/ieo ieoaiue, ui noino?oueny ?icaeoeo iaeiai
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a Oe?a?i?.

?icae?e 1. I?aei?e?inoai ye nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ia yaeua, eiai
no?oeoo?iee aiae?c. Neooaoe?y, ui neeaeanue a Oe?a?i?, na?ae/eoue i?i
oa, ui ?ieue iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a ?icaeoeo iaoe?iiaeueii? aeiiii?ee
ii/eia? iinooiiai c?inoaoe. Iaea i?aei?e?iieoeoai noa? aaaeeeaei
oaeoi?ii noaa?eueiino? noni?euenoaa. I?ioyaii inoaii?o ?ie?a naia iaea
i?aei?e?iieoeoai aoei ?aeeiei naeoi?ii aeiiii?ee, yeee ia nei?i/oaaany,
a caaacia/oaaa a?aeiia?aeio a?aeaea/o eioo?a oa aoaeoeaia aeei?enoaiiy
o?iainiaeo oa ?ioeo ?ano?n?a. Aeiiii?/iee ?icaeoie iaeiai
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa ni?ey? caaaeueiiaeiiii?/iiio ?inoo.

A ?iaio? iieacaii ia?aaeoiiae noaiiaeaiiy oa ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeueei?
ae?yeueiino?, ni?iae aiae?co yeeo cono??/a?ii aaea a i?aoeyo ia?oeo
a/aieo aeiiii?no?a, ? ye? iathoue oaeo ae aeaaith ?noi??th, ye ?
aeiiii?/ia aeoiea acaaae?. I?aei?e?iieoeoai oa?aeoa?eco? i?aai
aieiae?iiy eai?oaeii, ii?aeiaiiy oa eiia?ioaaiiy ?ano?n?a, i???ioaoe?th.
Ia aeeo/aiiy i?eaooeo, aeei?enoaiiy eiieo?aioieo ia?aaaa oa iiaeeeainoae
c a?aooaaiiyi ?eceeo, naiino?ei?noue, ?i?oe?aoeai?noue, caeaoi?noue
ia?aai?thaaoe an? iaaa?acaee ?eieiaiai na?aaeiaeua oa ?io.

I?aei?e?iieoeoai yaey? niaith noeoii?noue aieueiaeo, ?ioaeaeooaeueieo oa
o?ce/ieo coneeue ainiiaea?/iai noa’?eoo (iniae aai a?oie in?a), ui
iioeao? oa ?aae?co? nai? ae?? ca?aaee io?eiaiiy aeiiii?/iiai
?acoeueoaoo.

Iaeiei ?c eeth/iaeo iiiaio?a i?aei?e?iieoeoaa ne?ae ?icaeyaeaoe
a?aeiioaiiy aeaniino? oa ?nioaaiiy ??ciiiai?oieo ?o oi?i. Aeani?noue –
oea ia eeoa i?aai aieiae?oe iaeiii, aea e iaia’ycie cao?ao ia ??
ioi?iio, ?aiiio oa ainiiaea?/o aenieoaoaoe?th, oyaa?
i?aei?e?iieoeueeiai ?eceeo aae aei iiaeeeainoae iiaiiai aaie?oonoaa.
Naia oey noi?iia aeaniino? ? iniiaiei e?eoa???i ioe?iee ?aaeueii?
aioiaiino? i?aei?e?ioey a?aoe o/anoue o ae?iaie/iio i?ioean?, aeiaaa?
a?eueo aeaoaeueiiai aea/aiiy. ??ai? i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino?
ne?ae oa?aeoa?ecoaaoe ca niaoe?aeueiith, aeiiii?/iith,
oa?eoi??aeueii-aaeocaaith oa ?ioeie iciaeaie, a iniia? yeeo eaaeeoue
i?eioeei ?iciiae?eo ca ?o oi?iaie aeaniino? oa aaee/eiith eai?oaeo.

C aeina?aeo aeaeii, ui ia aoai? i?eaaoecaoe?? oa aeaiie?aoecaoe?? a
i?ioean? noai?aiiy i?aei?e?iieoeueeiai na?aaeiaeua a Oe?a?i? /?oei
aecia/eeanue oaiaeaioe?y ia?aea/oaaiiy eai?oaeo a noa??, ui
caaacia/othoue eiai i?enei?aiiy. I???ioaoe?y ia ?eiie i?ecaaee aei
a?ia?o?ioiaaiiai ?icoe?aiiy noa?e oi?a?ae? oa iineoa.

?icoe?oiiaiiy aea?aeaaieo i?aei?e?inoa c iaoith ?o aeaiiiiiie?caoe??
iaoiiaeei iaiao?aei?noue aaeeaaiiy iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a aaeoc?
ia?iaii? i?iieneiaino?. Oey oaiaeaioe?y a ?icaeoeo iaeiai
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa oa?aeoa?ia a iniiaiiio aeey a?eueoino?
no?aeii?a?iiaenueeeo e?a?i.

Oi?ioaaiiy a ?icaeiooeo e?a?iao iniaeeai? noa?e ae?iaieoeoaa oaoiieia?e,
a?ae yei? caeaaeeoue aeiiii?/ia c?inoaiiy, iaieio/a aenoaa? ?? ye
i?ia?aeio eaieo noni?eueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa. A ca’yceo c oeei
i?inoaaeo?oueny oaiaeaioe?y, ui aaaea aei cieeiaiiy i?iieneiaino? oa
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa c ?o aeiiii?ee. A oie aea /an ia?iaia
i?iieneia?noue noaea iniiaiith eaieith aeiiii?ee oe?eiai ?yaeo e?a?i, ui
?icaeaathoueny. ?iaeono??ae?caoe?y, ui ao?oeeai a?aeaoaaeany oai a 50 –
70 ?iee, aeaea a?aeiia?aei? ?acoeueoaoe.

Oaeei /eiii, noiniaii aei ioe?iee ainiiaea?nueeeo ca’yce?a, iiaeia
?icaeyiooe aaaaoi??aiaao nenoaio i?aeia?iaeiiai ?iciiae?eo i?aoe?.
?icaeioo? e?a?ie niaoe?ae?cothoueny ii ae?iaieoeoao aenieeo oaoiieia?e ?
cae?eniththoue ?o ia?aaea/o ia ia?eoa??th. Iaaia /anoeia e?a?i iathoue
i?iieneiao niaoe?ae?caoe?th, a aeaye? e?a?ie caeeoathoueny ia?aaaaeii
aa?a?ieie aai i?ia?aeueii-ne?iaeiieie.

Aeeaiea o?ainoi?iaoe?y i?aei?e?iieoeoaa aeeeeeaea aeieeiaiiy
??ciiiai?oieo oei?a i?aei?e?inoa a i?ioean? ?o aeeoo?ae?yeueiino?.
Aeyaeaiiy oeeo iniaeeainoae ia? ia eeoa oai?aoe/io, aea e i?aeoe/io
cia/ei?noue. Iaeneiaeueii aeei?enoiaoth/e nai? ?ano?ne, iae?
i?aei?e?inoaa aeinyaathoue iinoaaeaii? iaoe ? a oie aea /an aeeiiothoue
a?aeiia?aei? iae?iaeiiii?/i? ooieoe??.

Iiaeia aeae?eeoe o?e iniiaieo oeie ae??aieo o??i “ianiaeee”, “aai/o?i?”,
“naoae?oe”. Eiaeiee c ieo a?aeiia?aeathoue nai?e oe?eeii aecia/ai?e
ooieoe??. “Ianiaeee” – o??ie i?enoiniaai? aei ianiaiai niiaeeaa/a.
Aai/o?i? o??ie cae?eniththoue oaoiieia?/iee ?icaeoie. “Naoae?oe” – iae?
i?aei?e?inoaa, ui i?i?i?cothoue aeo?aoe ae?iaieoeoaa ? caooo o e?oiieo
eiiiai?yo.

Oaeei /eiii, iiaeaeueoee ?icaeyae i?iaeai iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa
?icaeyaea?oueny a a?eueo eiie?aoieo oiiaao iaoi? e?a?ie.

?icae?e 2. Oeyoe oi?ioaaiiy ? ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo iaeiai

i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a Oe?a?i? ? Oa?niinuee?e iaeano?.

A ?icae?e? ?icaeyaeathoueny iae?iaeiiii?/i? oaeoi?e ?icaeoeo iaeiai
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a Oe?a?i?, aeine?aeaeo?oueny oa?eoi??aeueii – aaeocaaa
no?oeoo?a iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa Oa?niinueei? iaeano?, i?iiiiothoueny
i?aai?caoe?ei? iniiae noai?aiiy ? iaeaaiaeaeaiiy iaoai?cio i?aeo?eiee
?icaeoeo iaeiai a?ciano, a oaeiae c?iaeaia ni?iaa canoinoaaiiy i?ia?aiii
– oe?eueiaeo iaoiae?a a noaiiaeaii? ? ?icaeoeo iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a
Oa?niinuee?e iaeano?.

A oiiaao ia?ao?aeii? aeiiii?ee ?ioeo e?a?i iaeee a?cian o?aaeeoe?eii
?icaeyaea?oueny ye aieiaiee oaeoi? noai?aiiy ?iai/eo i?noeue. A Oe?a?i?
oea ia niinoa??aa?oueny /a?ac iacaaa?oai?noue nenoaie aea?aeaaiiai
?aaoethaaiiy ? iiaeaoeiai? nenoaie.

Aaaaea?ii, ui iaiao?aeii aeae?eeoe ?yae iniiaieo iae?iaeiiii?/ieo
oaeoi??a, ye? iaoiiaeththoue neaaeee ?icaeoie iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa:

– iaiaaeai?noue aioo??oiueiai iiieoo oa iayai?noue e?ece caooo ia
aioo??oiueiio ?eieo;

– ianoa/a a?eueieo eioo?a o i?aei?e?inoa ? cieaeaiiy ?aaeueieo aeioiae?a
ianaeaiiy;

– aeineoue iacia/ia ?iaanoeoe?eia aeoeai?noue, a?aenooi?noue ia?aeeao
eioo?a i?ae naeoi?aie aeiiii?ee;

– iaiaaeai?noue aai iiaia a?aenooi?noue e?aaeeo?a;

– iaeiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noue i?iaeoeoe?? a?o/eciyiiai ae?iaieoeoaa a
oiiaao c?inoath/iai oeneo c aieo ?iii?oieo oiaa??a oa ?io.

A Oe?a?i? ?icaeoie iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa iiaea noaoe oiiaith ae??oaiiy
ianooiieo i?iaeai:

– oi?ioaaiiy eiieo?aioieo oeea?e?ciaaieo ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei, caeaoieo
ni?eyoe e?auiio caaeiaieaiith iio?aa ianaeaiiy oa noni?euenoaa;

– ?icoe?aiiy ani?oeiaioo ? i?aeaeuaiiy yeino? oiaa??a, ?ia?o, iineoa,
eoeueoo?e ianeoaiaoaaiiy;

– iaaeeaeaiiy ae?iaieoeoaa oiaa??a oa iineoa aei eiie?aoieo niiaeeaa/?a;

– ni?eyiiy no?oeoo?i?e ia?aaoaeia? aeiiii?ee, caaacia/oth/e aio/e?noue,
noaa?euei?noue, iaiaa?ai?noue, ocaiaeaeai?noue c ?ioeie naeoi?aie;

– caeo/aiiy iniaenoeo eioo?a ianaeaiiy aeey ?icaeoeo ae?iaieoeoaa;

– noai?aiiy aeiaeaoeiaeo ?iai/eo i?noeue, nei?i/aiiy ??aiy aac?ia?ooy;

– ni?eyiiy a?eueo aoaeoeaiiio aeei?enoaiith oai?/eo cae?aiinoae ethaeae,
?ice?eooth ?o oaeaio?a, ?icaeoeo ??ciiiai?oieo aeae?a ?aianae, ia?iaeieo
i?iiene?a;

– caeo/aiiy aei o?oaeiai? ae?yeueiino? ie?aieo a?oi ianaeaiiy, aeey yeeo
e?oiia ae?iaieoeoai iaeeaaea? iaai? iaiaaeaiiy (aeiiiainiiaea?ee,
iain?iia?e, ?iaae?aee, nooaeaioe);

– oi?ioaaiiy nioe?aeueiiai i?ioa?eo aeaniee?a, i?aei?e?inoa;

– aeoea?caoe?y iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano;

– inai?iiy oa aeei?enoaiiy i?noeaaeo aeaea?ae ne?iaeie oa a?aeoiae?a
e?oiieo ae?iaieoeoa;

– aca?iiae?y c e?oiieie i?aei?e?inoaaie oeyoii aeaioiaeaiiy oa aeinoaaee
eiiieaeooth/eo ae?ia?a oa iaeaaeiaiiy, noai?aiiy aeiiii?aeieo oa
ianeoaiaoth/eo ae?iaieoeoa;

– ca?eueiaiiy aea?aeaae a?ae iecueei?aioaaaeueieo oa caeoeiaeo
i?aei?e?inoa ca ?aooiie i?aiaee oa aeeoio.

A neooaoe??, eiee nai aea?aeaaiee naeoi? iio?aao? i?aeo?eiee, eiee ?nio?
athaeaeaoiee aeao?oeeo, a aeiiii?ea ciaoiaeeoueny o e?eciaiio noai?,
i?aaiai aea?aeaaii? aeaaee aeoaea aaaeei ciaeoe eiinainon.

A?aoiaoth/e oe? ianoaaeie iiaeia aeae?eeoe iniiai? i?aai?caoe?ei? aeiee
iaoai?cio i?aeo?eiee iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa:

1. Aea?aeaaia i?aaiaa i?aeo?eiea iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa.

2. Aea?aeaaia i?aai?caoe?eia i?aeo?eiea ?icaeoeo ?eieiai?
?io?ano?oeoo?e.

3. ?aa?iiaeueia i?aeo?eiea iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa (oaoiiia?ee,
a?cian-?ieoaaoi?e ? o.i.).

A nenoai? i?aeo?eiee iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa iniaeeaa i?noea caeiathoue
i?iaeaie o?iainiai-e?aaeeoii? i?aeo?eiee, canoinoaaiiy iiaeaoeiaeo
i?euea ? ae??oaiiy ?ioeo aeooaeueieo ieoaiue, ui nooo?ai aieeaathoue ia
?icaeoie oeueiai yaeua.

Aaaeeeaei eiiiiiaioii ?eieiai? ?io?ano?oeoo?e ? a?cian-?ieoaaoi?, iaoith
yeiai ? iaaeaiiy iineoa ia an?o aoaiao ?icaeoeo iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa,
ii/eiath/e c aaciai? aei aeiiiiiae ? iiaeaeueoiai ?icoe?aiiy ae?aiaciio
nai?o iineoa ii i??? ooieoe?iioaaiiy iaeiai i?aei?e?inoaa. A?eueo?noue
a?cian-?ieoaaoi??a aaea ia ii/aoeia?e noaae?? iaaeathoue oaoi?/i? caniae
aeey io?no, oae? ye oaeaoii, oaen ? eii?thaaeueii-?iciiiaeoaaeueio
oaoi?eo. Aea? o?aoeie a?cian-?ieoaaoi??a i?iiiiothoue eiinoeueoaoeai?
iineoae aeey cae?eniaiiy no?aoaa?? a oie /an, ye iaioa /anoeia
a?cian-?ieoaaoi??a iaaeathoue niaoe?ae?ciaai? o?iainia?, ia?eaoeiaia?
eiinoeueoaoe?? ? eiinoeueoaoe?? c ieoaiue iaiaaeaeiaioo.

A Oe?a?i?, i/aaeaeii, noai?aiiy a?cian-?ieoaaoi??a iiaeiii iie?aoenue ia
na?oiaee aeina?ae c o?aooaaiiyi iaoe?iiaeueieo iniaeeainoae ?icaeoeo
iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa. Ooo aeioe?eueii ?ic?iaeoe iiaea?eio no?aoaa?th
?icaeoeo a?cian-?ieoaaoi??a.

Ii-ia?oa, aeaoe iiaeeea?noue caniiaoaaoe a?cian-?ieoaaoi?e ia i?eioeei?
i?eaaoii? aeaniino? ca?aaee io?eiaiiy i?eaooeo, ui aeiaaa? iaeiie/aiiy
aeina?aeo caeiiiaeaa/i? oa i?aai?caoe?eii? aace c iaoith ?icaeoeo oaeiai
aeaeo a?cian-?ieoaaoi??a, c iaeiiai aieo oea aeicaieeoue eiio?iethaaoe
?o ?iaioo, a c ae?oaiai – ?icaeaaoeny aac ath?ie?aoe/ieo iaiaaeaiue.

Ii-ae?oaa, aeoaea iaiao?aeii ia no/aniiio aoai? ?icaeoeo aeiiii?ee
noai?eoe a?cian-?ieoaaoi?e eiia?oe?eiiai oeio, iaoith yeeo noaia
ca?eueoaiiy e?eueeino? iaeeo i?aei?e?inoa a on?o noa?ao ? aaeocyo
aeiiii?ee, ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iiaeo oaoiieia?e, caaacia/aiiy caeiyoino? ?
o.i.

A ca’yceo c oei, ui nueiaiaei? iaoith ?icaeoeo aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie ie
aecia/a?ii aoiaeaeaiiy aei na?oiaiai ?eieo, oi iaeiei ?c no?aoaa?/ieo
caaaeaiue ? aeinyaiaiiy aeiiii?/ieo oni?o?a ia ??ai? ?aa?ii?a. Ooo
i?inoaaeo?oueny ni?iaa ii?aeiaoe ?ioa?ane oiaa?iae?iaiee?a an?o ??ai?a c
?ioa?anaie aea?aeaae, i?iaanoe aeiiii?/i? ?aoi?ie, caaacia/eoe
noaa?eueiee ?icaeoie, nioe?aeueiee caoeno ianaeaiiy ? aeieia?/ii
aacia/ia i?e?iaeiei?enooaaiiy.

sse oeiiaee i?eeeaae a ?iaio? i?aaenoaaeaia aaiethoe?y iaeiai
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa Oa?niinueei? iaeano?.

Iacaaaeath/e ia yne?aai ae?aaeaio aa?a?io iai?aaeai?noue oe??? iaeano?,
ooo ieoiia aaaa n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa a aaeocaa?e no?oeoo?? iaeiai
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa neeaaea? 2,0-4,9% (1994-1998 ??.).

Iia’ycaii oea c oei, ui a iaeano? aaaeei i?ioiaeeoue i?ioean noaiiaeaiiy
oa ?icaeoeo oa?ia?noaa, a?aeo?ae a?ae o?aaeeoe?eieo e?oiieo
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo ainiiaea?noa. Eieeaaiiy ieoiii? aaae i?eaooeo
c ?ieo a ??e iia’ycaii c ui??/ieie ci?iaie aa?iee?iaoe/ieo iniaeeainoae,
a?ae yeeo caeaaeeoue o?iaeaei?noue n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo?.

Ne?ae i/aaeaeii, noeioethaaoe a ia?oo /a?ao naia oeae iai?yiie iaeiai
a?ciano, yeee ia? oe?ie? ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo a ?aa?ii?. Ooo iaiao?aeia
i?aeo?eiea oa?ia?a aai ethaiai ?ioiai i?aei?e?ioey a aaeocyo
ae?iaieoeoaa ? ia?a?iaee n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe??. Ia?oei
aaaeeeaei e?ieii iiaeiii aooe e?aaeeooaaiiy oa i?eueaiaa iiiaeaoeoaaiiy
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai i?aei?e?ioey.

Ae?oaei aoaiii iiaeiii noaoe noai?aiiy ?io?ano?oeoo?ieo ooai?aiue, ui
ianeoaiaothoue ie?ai? oa?ia?nuee? ainiiaea?noaa. Nthaee iiaeooue
aoiaeeoe oaoiiia?ee, ui iaaeathoue i?aei?e?ioeyi ??ciiiai?oio
n?eueainioaoi?eo a iaiao?aeiee aeey ieo /an, o?ainii?oia ianeoaiaoaaiiy,
oeaio?ae?ciaaia ia?a?iaea ? ?aae?caoe?y aioiai? i?iaeoeoe?? ? o.i. Naia
i?e i?aeo?eioe? iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a aa?a?iiio naeoi?? iaeanoue
iiaea ae??oeoe ?yae aaaeeeaeo i?iaeai: ?icaeoie iaeiai a?ciano,
ca?eueoaiiy aeie? ae?iaie/iai naeoi?o a aeiiii?oe? iaeano?, /anoeiai
ae??oeoe i?iaeaio caeiyoino? ? o.i.

E??i oiai a iaeano? aeiaaathoue oaeineiiaeaiiy oae? aeaee iaeiai
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa ye o?ainii?oiee, aoae?aaeueiee, oi?a?aaeueiee oa ?io?.

A ?iaio? aiae?co?oueny ? oa?eoi??aeueia no?oeoo?a iaeiai
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa Oa?niinueei? iaeano?, i?eaiaeyoueny ?aeiiaiaeaoe??
uiaei ?? oaeineiiaeaiiy.

O aeniiaeo aei ?icae?eo aeena?oaioii i?iiiio?oueny canoinoaaiiy
i?ia?aiii-oe?eueiaeo iaoiae?a i?aeo?eiee oa ?icaeoeo iaeiai
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a Oa?niinuee?e iaeano?.

Iaiao?aei?noue ? aaaeeea?noue canoinoaaiiy i?ia?aiii-oe?eueiaiai
ieaioaaiiy ? oi?aae?iiy caaaeueiiaeciaia, aea ?ic?iaeai? i?ia?aie ia
a?aeiia?aeathoue no/aniei aeiiaai. Iaei??th c iniiaieo i?e/ei oaeiai
yaeua ? ia iaeiicia/ia ?icoi?iiy ?ie? ? i?noey i?ia?aiii-oe?eueiaiai
iaoiaeo ia ??cieo ??aiyo oi?aae?iiy ? a?aenooi?noue ?aeeiiai iiiyo?eiiai
aia?aoo, noia?a/eeaeo aecia/aiue i?ia?aie ye iniiaiiai ?ino?oiaioa
i?ia?aiii-oe?eueiaiai iaoiaeo.

Canoinoaaiiy i?ia?aiii-oe?eueiaiai i?aeoiaeo ia a?aei?io a?ae
o?aaeeoe?eieo iaoiae?a ia?niaeoeaiiai ieaioaaiiy ia? ?yae ia?aaaa, ye?
oa?aeoa?ecothoueny i?ia?aiii-oe?eueiaith iai?aaeai?noth, ui caaacia/o?
eiiieaeni?noue ?ic?iaie ? aeueoa?iaoeai?noue iiaeeeaeo ??oaiue,
iaa?oiooaaiiyi no?ie?a, oiaoi ia??iaeo ae??oaiue i?iaeai ? aeinyaiaiiy
e?ioeaai? iaoe, ui nenoaiaoecothoueny ca cia/ei?noth, aeooaeuei?noth oa
ca ?aaeueieie iiaeeeainoyie ?o aeinyaiaiiy a iai?/ai? no?iee, aeoiaey/e
c yeeo aecia/athoueny ianyae oa no?oeoo?a ?ano?n?a, ?ic?iaeythoueny
iaiao?aei? c?ooaiiy, ?io? niaoeeo?/i? iciaee:

– iioeiaeuei?noth ?ano?n?a, oaii?a, no?oeoo?e a?aeoai?aiiy oeyoii
e?ea?aeaoe?? “aocueeeo i?noeue”, ui aaeueiothoue aeinyaiaiiy iaoe;

– aecia/aiiyi nioe?aeueii?, aeieia?/ii? oa aeiiii?/ii? “oe?ie”
?aae?caoe?? aeueoa?iaoeaieo ??oaiue, iai?aaeaieo ia aeinyaiaiiy iaoe.

A?aoiaoth/e ia?ae?/ai? aeua ?ic?iaee (aeea. ?en. 1), a Oa?niinuee?e
iaeano? aoee c?iaeai? ni?iae ?ic?iaee “oe?eueiai? ?aa?iiaeueii? i?ia?aie
i?aeo?eiee iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa ia 1997-1998 ??., a oaeiae iiaa
i?ia?aia ia 1999-2000 ??.

Aeniiaee

Aeeiiai? a aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? aeine?aeaeaiiy aeicaieeee c?iaeoe

oaee aeniiaee oa i?iiiceoe??:

1. Neooaoe?y, yea neeaeany ia ia?oeo e?ieao ?icaoaeiae aea?aeaaiino?
Oe?a?ie, aeeeeea? iio?aao ae??oaiiy aaaeeeaeo caaaeaiue uiaei i?i?eao o
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiio ?icaeoeo ia?iaeiiai ainiiaea?noaa oa ie?aieo
eiai aaeocae. Na?aae ieo aeooaeueiith i?iaeaiith noa? iiooe oeyo?a
noaiiaeaiiy oa caa?aaeaiiy iioaioe?aeo noni?euenoaa, eiee ?eieia?
a?aeiineie iaa?oue o noaae?? ?o oi?ioaaiiy aeathoue a?ae/ooi? iane?aeee.
A oie aea /an iaoai?ci aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy oa i?aeo?eiee
i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino? noa? ana iaio ae??caeaoiei.

2.Ioe?iea i?aei?e?iieoeoaa, aeeth/ath/e nioe?aeueiee, aeiiii?/iee,
ae?iaie/ee, ?aa?iiaeueiee oa ?io? ??ai? aeeeeea? iio?aao a aiae?c?
iaeiiai c eeth/iaeo aniaeo?a ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeueeiai na?aaeiaeua –
a?aeiioaiiy aeaniino? oa ?nioaaiiy ??cieo ?o oi?i: aea?aeaaii?,
eieaeoeaii? oa i?eaaoii?. Oea iaoiiaeth? iaiao?aei?noue oaeineiiaeaiiy
aaaeae?a oa noeioe?a ?aaoethaaiiy i?ioean?a, ye? aieeaathoue ia
ocaiaeaeaiiy oe?eae, ?ioa?an?a oa ae?e i?ae on?ia o/anieeaie
i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino?.

3.O?niee aca?iica’ycie ??aiy ?icaeoeo iaeeo oi?i i?aei?e?iieoeoaa
aeiaaa? anaa?/iiai aeine?aeaeaiiy no/aniiai noaio aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie oa
ie?aieo ?? ?aa?ii?a. I?e oeueiio i?ia?aeio ?ieue o noai?aii? iaeeo
i?aei?e?inoa a?ae?a?a? oaeoi? no?oeoo?ieo ci?i, aeeeeeaieo oi?ioaaiiyi
aaaaoioeeaaeii? aeiiii?ee, na?aae yeeo iaaiee aieea ia? i?noea,
i?eaaoiee naeoi?.

4.?ici??e oa no?oeoo?a iaeeo i?aei?e?inoa ia i?eeeaae? aiae?co
iaoa??ae?a Oa?niinueei? iaeano?, iaaeaieo a aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio?,
i?aeoaa?aeaeo? aeiiii?/io eia?eo o?ainoi?iaoe?? iaeeo i?aei?e?inoa oa
iai?yie?a ?o ae?yeueiino? a caeaaeiino? a?ae ianya?a iaeiie/aieo
?iaanoeoe?eieo ?ano?n?a. Aaoi? ia i?aenoaa? ocaaaeueiaiiy aeina?aeo
caei?aeiiieo oa a?o/eciyieo iaeeo i?aei?e?inoa aeiaea?aeo?oueny noaie
iine?aeiaieo no?oeoo?ieo ci?i i?aei?e?iieoeoaa “oi?a?aey – iineoae –
ae?iaieoeoai”, ye? a?aeaoaathoueny i?ae aieeaii iiaeeeainoae caeo/aiiy
o?iainiaeo ?ano?n?a.

5.Aaoi?ii iaa?oioiaaia iaiao?aei?noue oi?ioaaiiy i?aai?caoe?eieo
?aa?iiaeueieo no?oeoo?, yea i?ecaaia caaacia/eoe i?aai?caoe?eio oa
?aa?iiaeueio i?aeo?eieo iaeiio i?aei?e?iieoeoao. Nthaee aoiaeeoue
noai?aiiy a?cian – oeaio??a, a?cian – ?ieoaaoi??a, oaoiiia?e?a, ui
aeicaieeoue aecia/eoe iai?yiee ?icaeoeo ?io?ano?oeoo?e, ui aoaea
i?aeo?eioaaoe iaeee a?cian.

6. ?acoeueoaoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? ?ic?iaeai? iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe??
uiaei ?icaeoeo iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a Oa?niinuee?e iaeano?, ao?eaiiy
a i?aeoeeo Oa?niinueeei iaeaniei oi?aae?iiyi aeiiii?ee oe?eueiai?
eiiieaenii? i?ia?aie i?aeo?eiee iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa, ?yae iieiaeaiue
ai?iaaaeaeaiee ia aeayeeo iaeeo i?aei?e?inoaao a i. Oa?nii?.

Nienie iaae?oeiaaieo aaoi?ii ?ia?o ii oai? aeena?oaoe??:

1. Noaiaiiaa E.A. Iooe oi?ie?iaaiey e ia?niaeoeau ?acaeoey iaeiai
i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa a Oe?aeia // Nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy
IAeAO. – Iaeana: IAeAO, 1997. – N.72 – 78.

2. Noaiaiiaa ?.A. Iniaeeaino? ?icaeoeo iaeeo ? na?aaei?o oi?i
i?aei?e?inoaa a eaae?e i?iieneiaino? // Oaoiieia?y, aaoiiaoecaoe?y oa
aeiiii?ea a ia?a?iai?e aaeoc?. – E.: ?inoeooo ci?noo oa iaoiae?a
iaa/aiiy, 1998. – N. 136-139.

3. Noaiaiiaa ?.A. I?aai?caoe?ei? iniiae noai?aiiy oa iaeaaiaeaeaiiy
iaoai?cio i?aeo?eiee ?icaeoeo iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa // A?niee
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue. – Iaeana: IAeAO, 1998. – N. 269
-274.

4. Noaiaiiaa E. A. Iniiaiua oeiu iaeuo i?aaei?eyoee e eo yaiethoeey //
?eieia? aaaeae? oa noeioee ?icaeoeo ainiiaea?/eo nenoai. – Iaeana:
IAeAO, 1998. -N. 134-141.

5. Noaiaiiaa ?.A. Iaeee a?cian o noa?? ae?iaieoeoaa oiaa??a ia?iaeiiai
niiaeeaaiiy // Oaoiieia?y, aaoiiaoecaoe?y oa aeiiii?ea a ia?a?iai?e
aaeoc?. – E.: ?inoeooo ci?noo oa iaoiae?a iaa/aiiy, 1998. – N.139-143.

6. Noaiaiiaa ?.A., Eoeaaeaiei N.?. Aeaye? iniaeeaino? nenoaiiiai
i?aeoiaeo aei ?ic?iaeaiiy i?ia?ai aeiiii?/ii? ?aoi?ie a Oe?a?i? //
I?iaeaie no/anii? iie?oeee oa oeyoe ?? cae?eniaiiy. Anaoe?a?inueea
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ia eiioa?aioe?y. – Iaeana: IAeO, ea?oaiue 1993. – N. 129
– 130.

7. Noaiaiiaa ?.A., sseiaeaa A.E. I?i iaiao?aei?noue aeayeeo ci?i o
oi?ioaaii? o?iainiai? nenoaie Oe?a?ie // Oe?a?ia: noaiiaeaiiy
iacaeaaeiino?. Anaoe?a?inueea iaoeiai-iaoiaee/ia eiioa?aioe?y. -Iaeana:
IAeO, aeiaoaiue 1993.-N. 61-63.

8. Noaiaiiaa E.A., Oo?eiia A.A. ?ieue o?oaeiaiai iiaeoiaea a
aoiaiecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaaiiio ioiioaiee // Aeooaeueiua i?iaeaie
aoiaieoa?iie iiaeaioiaee nooaeaioia. Iaoa?eaeu ?aaeiiaeueiie
iaaeiaeanoiie iao/ii-iaoiaee/aneie eiioa?aioeee.- Iaeanna: IAO, 1991. –
n. 28.

Aiioaoe?y

Noaiaiiaa ?.A. I?aai?caoe?eii – aeiiii?/i? oaeoi?e ?icaeoeo iaeiai
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a Oe?a?i?.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
c niaoe?aeueiino? 08.06.02 – I?aei?e?iieoeoai, iaiaaeaeiaio ? ia?eaoeia,
Iaeanueeee aea?aeaaiee aeiiii?/iee oi?aa?neoao, Iaeana, 1999 ?.

Aeena?oaoe?y i?enay/aia aeine?aeaeaiith oai?aoe/ieo ? iaoiaee/ieo
ieoaiue noaiiaeaiiy ? ?icaeoeo iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a Oe?a?i?.

A ?iaio? i?iaiae?ciaaia ?ieue, cia/aiiy iaeiai a?ciano aeey ?icaeoeo
?eieiaeo a?aeiioaiue a e?a?i?.

Aeine?aeaeaii noai iaeiai a?ciano ? cai?iiiiiaai? oeyoe eiai
oaeineiiaeaiiy c aeiiiiiaith noai?aiiy ?aa?iiaeueieo no?oeoo? i?aeo?eiee
oeueiai yaeua.

?ic?iaeai? ? iaa?oioiaai? i?ia?aiii-oe?eueia? iaoiaee, ye? i?ecaai?
ae??ooaaoe i?iaeaie ?icaeoeo iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa ia ??ai? iaeano?,
?aa?iio. Cai?iiiiiaai? ?ic?iaee i?aeoaa?aeaeai? iiceoeaieie aeiiii?/ieie
?acoeueoaoaie.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: iaea i?aei?e?iieoeoai, aaaaoi??aiaaa aeiiii?ea
ia?ao?aeiiai ia??iaeo, oeie iaeeo i?aei?e?inoa, ??ai? i?aei?e?iieoeoaa,
oa?eoi??aeueii-aaeocaaa no?oeoo?a iaeiai i?aei?e?iieoeoaa, a?cian –
?ieoaaoi?, oaoiiia?e, i?ia?aiii-oe?eueia? iaoiaee.

Aiiioaoeey

Noaiaiiaa E.A. I?aaiecaoeeiiii-aeiiiie/aneea oaeoi?u ?acaeoey iaeiai
i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa a Oe?aeia.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa yeiiiie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.06.02 – I?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoai, iaiaaeaeiaio e
ia?eaoeia – Iaeanneee ainoaea?noaaiiue yeiiiie/aneee oieaa?neoao,
Iaeanna, 1999 aiae.

Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia enneaaeiaaieth oai?aoe/aneeo e iaoiaeieiae/aneeo
aii?inia noaiiaeaiey e ?acaeoey iaeiai i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa a Oe?aeia.

A ?aaioa i?iaiaeece?iaaia ?ieue e cia/aiea iaeiai aeciana, eioi?ue
oa?aeoa?ecoao i?aai aeaaeaiey eaieoaeii, niaaeeiaiea e eiiaeie?iaaiea
eiathueony ?ano?nia, i?eaioaoeeth ia ecaea/aiea i?eauee, eniieueciaaiea
eiieo?aioiuo i?aeiouanoa e aiciiaeiinoae, niiniaiinoue i?aiaeieaaaoue
aiciouaiey ?uii/iie n?aaeu. Aeaiiua eiiiiiaiou yaeythony aeaeaaoaeai
?acaeaathueony ?uii/iuo ioiioaiee a no?aia.

Enneaaeiaaii ninoiyiea iaeiai aeciana e i?aaeeiaeaiu iooe aai
oniaa?oainoaiaaiey n iiiiuueth nicaeaiey ?aaeiiaeueiuo no?oeoo?
iiaeaea?aeee aeaiiiai yaeaiey. Nthaea aoiaeyo aecian-oeaio?u,
aecian-eieoaaoi?u, eioi?ua i?ecaaiu i?aaeinoaaeoue iiaeaea?aeeo iaeui
oe?iai ia noaaeee eo noaiiaeaiey, oaoiiia?ee, eioi?ua iiiiaoo
naeueneioicyenoaaiiiio i?aaei?eieiaoaeth e ae?.

?ac?aaioaiu e iainiiaaiu i?ia?aiiii-oeaeaaua iaoiaeu, i?ecaaiiua
?aoaoue i?iaeaiu ?acaeoey iaeiai i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa ia o?iaia
iaeanoe, ?aaeiia. Nicaeaia eiie?aoiay i?ia?aiia iiaeaea?aeee ?acaeoey
iaeiai i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa a Oa?niineie iaeanoe.

I?aaeeiaeaiiua ?ac?aaioee iiaeoaa?aeaeaiu iieiaeeoaeueiuie
yeiiiie/aneeie ?acoeueoaoaie ia ?yaea iaeuo i?aaei?eyoee.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: iaeia i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoai, iiiaio?iaiaaay yeiiiieea
ia?aoiaeiiai ia?eiaea, oeiu iaeuo i?aaei?eyoee, o?iaie
i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa, oa??eoi?eaeueii-io?aneaaay no?oeoo?a iaeiai
i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa, aecian – eieoaaoi?, oaoiiia?e,
i?ia?aiiii-oeaeaaua iaoiaeu.

ANNOTATION

I.V. Stepanova. The organizational economical factors of development
of small business in Ukraine.

Thesis for a candidate of economic sciences degree by specialty
08.06.02. – Business, management and marketing. Odessa State Economical
University, Odessa, 1999.

Thesis are devoted to investigations of theoretical and methodological
questions of formation and development of small business in Ukraine.

Role and importance of small business for developing market relations
in country, was been analyzed in this work.

The condition of small business and propositions the ways of its
improvement with the help of creation region structure supporting this
phenomenon was investigate.

Methods of programs aims with must decide problems of development small
business for the region level were worked out and based.

The propositions are confirmed with positive economical results.

Key words: small business, types of small enterprises, multi-level
economic of transitional period, levels of small business, territorial
industrial structure of small business, business-incubator, technical
park, methods of programs aims.

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