I?I?NOA?NOAI INA?OE OE?A?IE
NO?AeIIOE?A?INUeEEE AeA?AEAAIEE OI?AA?NEOAO
OAeE 658.5.012.1 + 658.51
AO OO??O CAIA
I?AAI?CAOe?ss OI?AAE?IIss I?IOeANII AAeAIOAOe?? I?AeI?E?INOAA
Niaoe?aeuei?noue 08.06.01- Aeiiii?ea i?aei?e?inoaa ? i?aai?caoe?y
ae?iaieoeoaa
A A O I ? A O A ? A O
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
Eoaainuee – 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?th aeeiiaii o No?aeiioe?a?inueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao?
I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie (i. Eoaainuee).
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee – eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio
Eica/aiei Aaiia Aieiaeeie??aia,
No?aeiioe?a?inueeee aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao
I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie, i?ioani? eaoaae?e iaiaaeaeiaioo.
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
Aoaa?ia Aaeeia Einoyioeiiaia,
Aeiiaoeueea aea?aeaaia aeaaeai?y oi?aae?iiy
I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie,
canooiiee caa?aeoaa/a c iaoeiai? ?iaioe eaoaae?e caaaeueiiai oa
aaei?i?no?aoeaiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo
(i. Aeiiaoeuee);
eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio
Eena/aiei Ieaen?e ?aaiiae/,
Aeiiaanueeee a??ie/i-iaoaeo?a?eiee ?inoeooo
I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie, i?ioani?
eaoaae?e aeiiii?ee oa oi?aae?iiy (i. Ae/aanuee).
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa – Aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao “Euea?anueea
iie?oaoi?ea’’
I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie, eaoaae?a aeiiii?ee
i?aei?e?inoaa oa iaiaaeaeiaioo (i. Euea?a).
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 6 o?aaiy 1999 ?. i 12 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
E 29.051.01 a No?aeiioe?a?inueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao?
I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 348034, Eoaainuee-34, ea.
Iieiae?aeiee, 20a.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? No?aeiioe?a?inueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo ca aae?anith: 348034, Eoaainuee-34, ea.
Iieiae?aeiee, 20a.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee 29 aa?aciy 1999 ?ieo.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
Eica/aiei A.A.
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Aeiiii?/i? ia?aoai?aiiy, cai?iaaaeaeai? a Oe?a?i? o
ca’yceo ?c ia?aoiaeii aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei, iaenooo?a?oei /eiii
aieeaathoue ia i?ioean aca?iiae?? i?aei?e?inoaa ?c ciai?oi?i
na?aaeiaeuai. Ca oiia ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee aieea ia ae?yeuei?noue
i?aei?e?inoaa ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, yea iino?eii ci?ith?oueny,
cia/ii c?inoa?. Ci?ie ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua iiaeii? aooe a?aoiaai? ye
i?e oi?ioaaii? no?aoaa?? ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?inoaa, oae ? a eiai iioi/i?e
ae?yeueiino?. Oea iaoiiaeth? iaiao?aei?noue aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa
aei ci?i, ui a?aeaoaathoueny o ciai?oiueiio na?aaeiaeu?, oeyoii aianaiiy
iaaieo ci?i aei aioo??oi?o nenoai ? i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa c iaoith
caaacia/aiiy a?aeiia?aeiino? ?o ooieoe?iioaaiiy noaio ciai?oiueiai
na?aaeiaeua ?, o e?ioeaaiio i?aenoieo, caaacia/aiiy aoaeoeaiino?
ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoaa a oe?eiio.
Aianaiiy a?aeiia?aeieo ci?i aei ooieoe?iioaaiiy aioo??oi?o nenoai ?
i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa iiaeiii cae?enithaaoeny eiiieaenii, o
a?aeiia?aeiiio ii?yaeeo, oe?eani?yiiaaii, c aeei?enoaiiyi nenoaiiiai
i?aeoiaeo, ui iio?aao? iaaiei /eiii i?aai?ciaaiiai oi?aae?iiy oaeei
i?ioeanii. Iiceoeai? iane?aeee aaeaioaoe?? iiaeooue aooe o iiai?e i???
?aae?ciaai? o oiio aeiaaeeo, eiee ?ic?iaeaii ?aoe?iiaeueio nenoaio
oi?aae?iiy aianaiiyi ci?i aei ooieoe?iioaaiiy aioo??oi?o nenoai ?
i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa, yea a?aoiao? iniaeeaino? no?oeoo?ii?
i?aai?caoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa, caaacia/o? i?aai?/ia ii?aeiaiiy ?ioa?an?a
aioo??oi?o nenoai ? i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa. O ca’yceo c oeei
i?iaeaia i?aai?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe?? aeiaaa? naiai
oai?aoe/iiai ia??oiooaaiiy ? i?aeoe/iiai ??oaiiy.
I?iaeaia aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoa aei ci?i ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua ia ?
i?eioeeiiai iiaith aeey oe?a?inueei? iaoee e ie?ai? ieoaiiy aianaiiy
ci?i o ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa oa a oi?aae?iiy ?i i?ae aieeaii ci?i
o ciai?oiueiio na?aaeiaeu? aaea aeine?aeaeai? o i?aoeyo oe?a?inueeeo
a/aieo. Iniaeeai cia/io oaaao i?eae?eaii ieoaiiyi aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa oa nenoaie oi?aae?iiy ?i aei iiaiaaaaeaiue oaoi?/iiai
oa?aeoa?o. Iaeiae iaiiaeia iaiaaeoaaoe i?iaeaio aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa aei ci?i ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua o?eueee aaeaioaoe??th
aei iiaiaaaaeaiue oaoi?/iiai oa?aeoa?o. I?iaeaio aaeaioaoe?? o?aaa
?icaeyaeaoe iaaaaaoi oe?oa, aeey /iai o?aaa ae??oeoe ?yae ieoaiue. Oae,
aei oaia??oiueiai /ano a?aenooi? ??oaiiy ieoaiiy i?aai?caoe??
?ioi?iaoe?eiiai ianeoaiaoaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, ieaioaaiiy ?ia?o c
aaeaioaoe?? oa ?o o?iainiaiai caaacia/aiiy. Iaiao?aei?noue eiiieaeniiai
i?aeoiaeo aei i?aai?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe??, cie?aia,
cie?aia, aei i?aai?caoe?? ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, i?aai?caoe??
eiai ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai oa o?iainiaiai caaacia/aiiy, iaoiiaeee
aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe oa ?? cia/aiiy aeey
ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoa.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeena?oaoe?eio
?iaioo aeeiiaii o a?aeiia?aeiino? c oaiaoeeith iaoeiaeo ?ia?o eaoaae?e
iaiaaeaeiaioo No?aeiioe?a?inueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo,
cai?iaaaeaeaieo o 1996-1998 ?ieao, a oaeiae o a?aeiia?aeiino? c
Eii?aeeiaoe?eiei ieaiii aeine?aeaeaiue o aaeoc? i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaie/eo
oa nioe?aeueieo nenoai ia 1997-1998 ??. ca i?iaeaiith “Aeiiii?/i?
i?iaeaie i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa” I?aeia?iaeii? aeaaeai?? iaoee oa
i?aeoeee i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa, yeee caoaa?aeaeaii I?aceae??th
aeaaeai?? 28 aa?aciy 1997 ?ieo (i?ioieie ? 6).
I?aaeiao oa ia’?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy. I?aaeiaoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? eia?ea,
i?eioeeie, iaoiaee oa i?aeoe/i? aniaeoe i?aai?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy
i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe?? i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa. Ia’?eoii aeine?aeaeaiiy
? aacith aenia?eiaioaeueii? ia?aa??ee, ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a
?iaioe noaee i?aei?e?inoaa i?iieneiaino?.
Iaoa oa caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoith aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ?
eiiieaenia ?ic?iaea oai?aoe/ieo, iaoiaee/ieo ? i?eeeaaeieo ieoaiue
i?aai?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoa ca oiia
?eieiaeo a?aeiinei oa ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei ?? ?aae?caoe??.
Iniiai? iaoeia? ? i?aeoe/i? caaaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe coiiaeaii
iinoaaeaiith iaoith oa i?noyoue:
aeine?aeaeaiiy nooiino? oa aeae?a aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa aei ae??
ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, aeiia aei aaeaioaoe??, aeeiiaiiy yeeo
caaacia/o? aeinyaiaiiy ?? oe?eae;
nenoaiaoecaoe?th /eiiee?a ae?? ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua ia ae?yeuei?noue
i?aei?e?inoaa;
iaa?oiooaaiiy iiiyooy aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa oa ??
eeaneo?eaoe?th;
aecia/aiiy iniaeeainoae ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa, aeaea?ae ? eaiae?a io?eiaiiy iaiao?aeii?
?ioi?iaoe?? oa ii?yaeeo ?? aeei?enoaiiy;
?icaeyae i?aeoiae?a aei i?aai?caoe?? ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa;
aeine?aeaeaiiy i?eioeei?a i?aai?caoe?? athaeaeaoo i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa;
?ic?iaeo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? oa
i?aai?caoe?? ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy nenoaie ieai?a;
i?iaaaeaiiy aiae?co aoaeoeaiino? i?aeoe/iiai aeei?enoaiiy i?aeoiae?a aei
i?aai?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa oa
i?iieneiaa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iaoiaeee, ye? ?ic?iaeaii ia iniia?
oai?aoe/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue.
Iaoiaeieia?y oa iaoiaeeea aeine?aeaeaiue. Oai?aoe/iith oa iaoiaee/iith
iniiaith aeine?aeaeaiue noaee ?iaioe i?ia?aeieo a?o/eciyieo oa
ca?oa?aeieo a/aieo-aeiiii?no?a, a yeeo ?icaeyiooi no/ani? iaoeia?
iiaeyaee ia i?iaeaie oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanaie, ui i?io?eathoue ia
i?aei?e?inoa?, niiniae oa i?eioeeie nenoaiiiai aiae?co, oai??? i?eeiyooy
??oaiue, a oaeiae iaoiaeieia?y ? caaaeueiinenoaii? i?eioeeie i?iaaaeaiiy
eiiieaenieo iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue. A??ia?aei?noue oa ia(?oioiaai?noue
?acoeueoao?a ? aeniiae?a, ye? iaea?aeaii a ?iaio?, coiiaeaii
canoinoaaiiyi nenoaiiiai iaoiaeo, eiiieaeniiai i?aeoiaeo oa iaoiaeo
???a?o?/ii? aeaeiiiiceoe??.
?ioi?iaoe?eiith aacith aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ? oai?aoe/i? oa iaoiaee/i?
?ic?iaee a/aieo oa i?aeoee?a, ?acoeueoaoe i?iaaaeaieo aaoi?ii iaoeiaeo
aeine?aeaeaiue, io?oe?ei? noaoenoe/i? iaoa??aee, caeiiiaeaa/? oa
ii?iaoeai? aeieoiaioe, ui ?aaeaiaioothoue oi?aae?iiy ae?yeuei?noth
noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy a Oe?a?i?.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?iaioe. Iniiaiee iaoeiaee ?acoeueoao aeena?oaoe?eii?
?iaioe iieyaa? o ?ic?iaoe? i?aai?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa, ?? ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai oa o?iainiaiai caaacia/aiiy. Iaoeiaa
iiaecia ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? o oaeiio:
noi?ioeueiaaii iiiyooy aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa oa i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe?? ye neeaaeia? /anoee aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa aei ae??
/eiiee?a ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua;
?ic?iaeaii eeaneo?eaoe?th aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa ia ae??
ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, yeo i?ecia/aii aeey i?aai?caoe??
aeia?aaeaeaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa;
cai?iiiiiaaii i?aai?caoe?th ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe??, yea caniiao?oueny ia no?aoaa?/ieo oe?eyo aaeaioaoe?? oa
ia?aaeaa/a? oi?ioaaiiy iio?aa a no?aoaa?/ii? ?ioi?iaoe?? ii noeoiiino?
aac niinoa?aaeaiue;
?ic?iaeaii i?aai?caoe?th niaaeiueiai ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa, yea caniiaaia ia aeaeiiiiceoe?? ieai?a, aeey eiaeiiai c
eio?eo aecia/ai? oi?ia, ci?no oa ii?yaeie neeaaeaiiy;
aecia/aii i?aai?caoe?th athaeaeaoo i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, yea aeicaiey?
no?oeoo?oaaoe athaeaeao ii i?ae?icae?eao i?aei?e?inoaa, oa?i?iao
?aae?caoe??, oa?aeoa?o aeo?ao oa aeaea?aeai ?o iie?eooy, ? ia i?aenoaa?
oeueiai no?oeoo?oaaiiy ?ic?aooaaoe aaee/eio athaeaeaoo oa cae?enieoe ??
iioi/ia ei?aaoaaiiy .
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a iieyaa? a iaa?oiooaaii? iiiyoue “aaeaioeaia
?aaeoe?y” oa “i?ioean aaeaioaoe??”, ye? ?icaeyaeathoueny ye iine?aeiai?
neeaaeia? aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa aei ci?i, ui a?aeaoaathoueny o
ciai?oiueiio na?aaeiaeu? i?aei?e?inoaa. Iaa?oiooaaiiy iiiyooy
“aaeaioeaia ?aaeoe?y” aeicaieeei ?ic?iaeoe eeaneo?eaoe?th aaeaioeaii?
?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa ia ae?? ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua. Oey
eeaneo?eaoe?y i?ecia/aia aeey i?aai?caoe?? aeia?aaeaeaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy
i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe??. Aaoi?ii aaciina?aaeiuei ?ic?iaeaii i?aai?caoe?th
niaaeiueiai ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa, yeo caniiaaii
ia aeaeiiiiceoe?? ieai?a aaeaioaoe??, aeey eiaeiiai c eio?eo aecia/ai?
oi?ia, ci?no oa ii?yaeie neeaaeaiiy, a oaeiae i?aai?caoe?th athaeaeaoo
i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, yea aeicaiey? no?oeoo?oaaoe athaeaeao ii
no?oeoo?iei i?ae?icae?eai i?aei?e?inoaa ? no?ieai ?aae?caoe??,
oa?aeoa?o aeo?ao oa aeaea?aeai ?o iie?eooy, cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaee
?ic?aooieo aaee/eie athaeaeaoo, eiai ?oa?aoeaii? ci?ie oa ei?aaoaaiiy.
Iaoeiaa cia/aiiy aeine?aeaeaiue iieyaa? a ia??oiooaaii? oai?aoe/ieo ?
iaoiaee/ieo ieoaiue i?aai?caoe?? ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa aei ci?i ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua oa i?aai?caoe??
o?iainiaiai caaacia/aiiy oaeeo ci?i.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy aeena?oaoe?? iieyaa? a ?ic?iaoe? iaoiaee/ieo
i?aeoiae?a aei oi?ioaaiiy nenoaie ieai?a i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? oa
i?aai?caoe?? ?o ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai oa o?iainiaiai caaacia/aiiy.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy oa ?aae?caoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy.
?ic?iaeai? a aeena?oaoe?? i?aeoiaee, niiniae oa iaea?aeai? ?acoeueoaoe
yaeythoue niaith oai?aoe/io oa iaoiaee/io iniiao oi?ioaaiiy nenoaie
niaaeieo ieai?a i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa, eiai ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai
oa o?iainiaiai caaacia/aiiy, ye? aeei?enoiaothoueny ye ?ino?oiaio
oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe??. Aiie aeicaieythoue noi?ioaaoe
caaeainiaaio, o?iainiai caaacia/aio nenoaio ieai?a i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa ia i?aenoaa? aeei?enoaiiy a?aeiia?aeii? ?ioi?iaoe??.
I?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy ia??oioiao?oueny ianooiiei:
?ic?iaeaii niiniae i?aai?caoe?? ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe??, ui caniiaothoueny ia oi?ioaaii? no?aoaa?/ieo aac
niinoa?aaeaiue, ?iciiae?e ?ioi?iaoe?? ca yeeie aeicaiey? caaacia/eoe
nenoaiaoecaoe?th niinoa?aaeaiiy ca /eiieeaie ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua;
?ic?iaeaii i?aai?caoe?th ae?yeueiino? a?oie no?aoaa?/ii? oa
ia?niaeoeaii? ?ioi?iaoe?? c aeei?enoaiiyi i?eioeei?a caaaeueiiai,
oa?eoi??aeueiiai, i?aaeiaoiiai oa i?aaeiaoii-oa?eoi??aeueiiai
niinoa?aaeaiiy, aea?? yeeo caeaaeeoue a?ae ianooaa?a ae?yeueiino?
i?aei?e?inoaa, eiai i?enooiino? ia ??cieo ?eieao, aeaeo i?iaeoeoe??, ui
aeionea?oueny, ??aiy niaoe?ae?caoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa, ?ioaineaiino?
eiieo?aioe?? a aaeoc?;
?ic?iaeaii iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee aei oi?ioaaiiy nenoaie niaaeieo ieai?a
i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa, yea aeeth/a? no?aoaa?/iee,
oaeoe/iee, eaeaiaea?iee oa ?iaeea?aeoaeueiee ieaie i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??,
aeey eiaeiiai c eio?eo aecia/aii oi?ia, ci?no oa ii?yaeie neeaaeaiiy.
?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy o oi?i? iaoiaee/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei
i?aai?caoe?? no?aoaa?/iiai oa iia?aoeaiiai ieaioaaiiy ?ia?o c
aaeaioaoe??, a oaeiae o?iainiaiai caaacia/aiiy aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa
cai?iaaaeaeaii a oieae?iaia?e eiiiai?? “Eoaainueeoaieiaic”, oa o oi?i?
iaoiaee/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?yo uiaei i?aai?caoe?? ?ia?o c ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai
ianeoaiaoaaiiy oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii aeei?enoaii i?e oi?ioaaii?
caaaeueii? no?aoaa?? o cae?eoiio aeoe?iia?iiio oiaa?enoa? “Eoaainueeee
eeaa?ii-iaoai?/iee caaiae” (i. Eoaainuee).
Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe oa ioae?eaoe?? ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy.
?acoeueoaoe iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue iia?aeiieaii, iaaiai?aii oa ooaaeaii
ia Ana?in?enuee?e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “I?iaeaiu yeiiiieee e
i?aaiecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo e oeiainiauo nenoai” (?in?y, i.
Iiai/a?eanuee, 1998 ?.), ia iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo “I?iaeaiu
?acaeoey i?aaei?eyoee ?aaeiia a oneiaeyo ?uii/iie yeiiiieee” (Eoaainuee,
1997 ?.), “Oieaa?neoao e ?aaeii” (Eoaainuee, 1997 ?. .), oa
eiioa?aioe?yo i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo
No?aeiioe?a?inueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo.
Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue a?aeia?aaeaii a 7 ioae?eaoe?yo,
na?aae ieo – 5 noaoae iioae?eiaaii o oaoiaeo aeaeaiiyo. Caaaeueiee ianya
ioae?eaoe?e – 2,03 ae.a., c yeeo an? iaeaaeaoue iniaenoi aaoi?o.
No?oeoo?a oa ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c anooio, o?ueio
?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, ye? aeeeaaeaii ia 180 noi??ieao ae?oeiaaiiai
oaenoo. Iaoa??aee aeena?oaoe?? i?noyoue 23 oaaeeoe? oa 34 ?enoiea.
Nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae ?c 132 iaeiaioaaiue iaaaaeaii ia 12
noi??ieao ? 2 aeiaeaoea – ia 2 noi??ieao.
INIIAIEE CI?NO AeENA?OAOe?EII? ?IAIOE
A aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? ia iniia? i?iaaaeaieo aaoi?ii aeine?aeaeaiue
caoeuathoueny oae? iniiai? iieiaeaiiy.
?icae?e 1. Ia?aaeoiiae oa nooi?noue aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa.
Ia?ao?ae aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei a aeiiii?oe? Oe?a?ie ?noioii aieeioa ia
nenoaio oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaaie e iaoiiaea ?? ci?ie. Oe? ci?ie, ye
iieacaee i?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy, iaoiiaeai? oaeei. Ii-ia?oa,
eiio?ieue ca aeeiiaiiyi iniiaieo ooieoe?e oi?aae?iiy ia?aeoia a?ae
aea?aeaaieo i?aai?a aei ea??aieoeoaa i?aei?e?inoaa. Ii-ae?oaa, iniiai?
iai?yiee nai?? ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoaa aecia/athoue naiino?eii, a oea
icia/a?, ui ??oaiiy oaeeo ieoaiue, ye anoaiiaeaiiy i??i?eoao?a
ae?yeueiino?, aea?? aeae?a i?iaeoeoe?? ? ?eie?a ?oiueiai caooo,
oi?ioaaiiy oe?iiai? iie?oeee, ?ic?iaea ?iaanoeoe?eii? no?aoaa?? ? oe?eee
?yae ?ioeo ieoaiue o aeaiee /an noaaeyoueny aei i?a?iaaoea ea??aieoeoaa
i?aei?e?inoaa. Ii-o?ao?, a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noue ca i?eeiyo? oi?aae?inuee?
??oaiiy ? ?oith ?aae?caoe?th iieeaaeaia ia ea??aieoeoai i?aei?e?inoa;
aea?aeaaa a?aeiia?aeaeueiino? ca ieo ia iana.
Cacia/ai? ianoaaeie aeicaieeee aecia/eoe aeiiae aei nenoaie oi?aae?iiy
i?aei?e?inoaii. Nenoaia oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii a oiiaao ?eieiaeo
a?aeiinei iiaeiia ni?eyoe i?aeaeuaiith aoaeoeaiino? ? c?inoaiith
aeioiae?a i?aei?e?inoaa, aeey /iai aiia iiaeiia aooe aio/ei?, oiaoi
oaeaeei ? a?aeiia?aeii ia?aaoaeiaoaaoe ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa o
a?aeiia?aeiino? aei ci?i o ciai?oiueiio na?aaeiaeu?. Noeoii?noue aeiia
aei nenoaie oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii o ?iaio? ?icae?eaia ia o?e a?oie:
caaaeuei? aeiiae, aeiiae aei i?aai?caoe?eii? nenoaie oi?aae?iiy, aeiiae
aei i?aai?caoe?? i?ioeano oi?aae?iiy. A?aeiia?aeii aei no/anieo
iaoeiaeo oe?e oi?aae?iiy iaei??th ?c caaaeueieo aeiia aei nenoaie
oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii ? ocaiaeaeaiiy ? aa?iii?caoe?y ?ioa?an?a
i?aei?e?inoaa c ?ioa?anaie noa’?eo?a ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, oiaoi
aaeaioaoe?y i?aei?e?inoaa aei noaio ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua. Aeeiiaiiy
oe??? aeiiae noai?th? oiiae ? ia?aaeoiiae ?aae?caoe?? an?o ?ioeo aeiia
aei nenoaie oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii, ine?eueee caaacia/o?
i?enoiniaoaaiiy i?aei?e?inoaa aei noaio ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua.
*eiieee aieeao ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua ia ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa
??ciiiai?oi?, o ca’yceo c /ei i?e ?oiueiio ?icaeyae? iaiao?aeii
aeei?enoaiiy nenoaiiiai i?aeoiaeo, ui aeicaieeoue iaaiei /eiii oe?
/eiieee oii?yaeeoaaoe ? anoaiiaeoe ?oith ???a?o?th. O noeoiiino?
/eiiee?a, ui aieeaathoue ia ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa ? ciooothoue
eiai aiineoe aei ia? ci?ie, ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiiy aeae?eai?
a?oie iaea?eueo ?noioieo c ieo: iiyaa oaoi?/ieo ? i?aai?caoe?eieo
iiaiaaaaeaiue, ci?ie eii’thieoo?e ?eieo, nooi?iue noaa?eueiino?
aeiiii?/ii? ianoaiiaee a e?a?i?.
sseui neeaae ia?oi? ? ae?oai? a?oie /eiiee?a a oiiaao ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei
a aeiiii?oe? aoaeue-yei? e?a?ie i?eaeecii iaeiaeiaee, oi /eiieee, ui
aeeth/athoueny a o?aoth a?oio, caeaaeaoue a?ae noaio iaoe?iiaeueii?
aeiiii?ee. Noiniaii aei aeiiii?/ii? neooaoe??, ui neeaeany a Oe?a?i?, a
?iaio? aeae?eaii a ie?aio a?oio /eiieee, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue nooi?iue
ianoaa?eueiino? aeiiii?/ii? ianoaiiaee o e?a?i?. Oe? /eiieee iiaeai? ia
?en. 1.
O caeaaeiino? a?ae ae?? /eiiee?a ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua on? aeaee
aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa i?iiiio?oueny ?icae?eeoe ia o?e aeaee:
aaeaioaoe?y i?aei?e?inoaa aei iiaiaaaaeaiue, aaeaioaoe?y aei ci?i
eii’thieoo?e ?eieo, aaeaioaoe?y aei nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo ? iie?oe/ieo
oiia o e?a?i?. Iniaeeaino? eiaeiiai c oeeo aeae?a aaeaioaoe?? io?eiaee o
?iaio? anaa?/io oa?aeoa?enoeeo.
O ?iaio? i?iaaaeaiee aiae?c iiiyooy aaeaioaoe??, aeey /iai aeei?enoai?
caaaeuei? iieiaeaiiy oai??? noaae?eiino? i?ioean?a oi?aae?iiy, yea
aeoiaeeoue c i?eiouaiiy, ui aoaeue-yea nenoaia aai i?ioean oi?aae?iiy o
nai?io ?icaeoeo i?ioiaeeoue aeae?eueea noaae?e, ui iiaeooue aooe iaaiei
/eiii nenoaiaoeciaai?. A?aeiia?aeii aei oe??? oai??? a ?iaio? ?icaeyiooa
aaiethoe?y i?aeoiae?a aei iiiyooy aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa aei aieeao
ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua ? cai?iiiiiaaii i?ae aaeaioaoe??th ?icoi?oe
aianaiiy ci?i o ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa, ui noinothoueny oe?eae eiai
ae?yeueiino? aai oaeoeee aeinyaiaiiy oeeo oe?eae, noi?iaiaeaeothoueny
ci?iaie o aioo??oi?o nenoaiao ? i?ae?icae?eao i?aei?e?inoaa o
a?aeiia?aeue ia ci?ie ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, ui a?aeaoaathoueny. Oaea
?icoi?iiy aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa aei aieeao ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua
aeicaieeei aeae?eeoe a iiiyoo? aaeaioaoe?? aea? neeaaeia?: aaeaioeaio
?aaeoe?th i?aei?e?inoaa ? i?ioean aaeaioaoe??.
I?ae aaeaioeaiith ?aaeoe??th i?aei?e?inoaa ia aieeae ciai?oiueiai
na?aaeiaeua i?iiiio?oueny ?icoi?oe ci?io i?n?? i?aei?e?inoaa,
no?aoaa?/ieo oe?eae eiai ae?yeueiino? aai niinia?a aeinyaiaiiy oeeo
oe?eae, ui cia/ii aieeaathoue ia aca?iia?aeiineie i?aei?e?inoaa c
ciai?oi?i na?aaeiaeuai. O naith /a?ao, i?ioean aaeaioaoe?? i?iiiio?oueny
?icoi?oe ye i?ioean aianaiiy ci?i o ooieoe?iioaaiiy aioo??oi?o nenoai ?
ae?yeuei?noue i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa, ui noi?iaiaeaeothoue
aaeaioeaio ?aaeoe?th i?aei?e?inoaa. Aaeaioeaia ?aaeoe?y ? i?ioean
aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa ia?ic?eaii iia’ycai? i?ae niaith, ine?eueee
aaeaioeaia ?aaeoe?y i?aei?e?inoaa ao?a/a? ci?no aac aianaiiy
a?aeiia?aeieo ci?i o aioo??oi? nenoaie ? ae?yeuei?noue i?ae?icae?e?a
i?aei?e?inoaa, a oaea aianaiiy iaiiaeeeai aac ci?ie aieiaieo i???ioe??a
o ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?inoaa.
*eiieee, ui aecia/athoue ianoaa?euei?noue
aeiiii?/ii? ianoaiiaee
Iane?aeee aeiiii?ee
Ne?aenoai
Iane?aeee
aaei?i?no?aoeaii–
ia?aoiaeo
o?ainoi?iaoe??
oeaio?ae?ciaaiiai
aei ?eieiai?
aeiiii?/ii? nenoaie
oeio
aeiiii?ee
Iecueeee oaoi?/iee
Iiyaa iaaea?aeaa-
A?aenooi?noue
??aaiue
iiai naeoi?o
noaa?eueii?
ae?iaieoeoaa
a aeiiii?oe?
caeiiiaeaa/i? aace,
ui ?aaoeth? ieoaiiy
Oaoiieia?/ia
Naiaiaea
ainiiaea?nueei?
caeaaei?noue a?ae
i?aei?e?iieoeueei?
ae?yeueiino?
caei?aeiiieo
ae?yeueiino?
ia?oia??a
Ii?ooaiiy
Oi?ioaaiiy
nenoaie
Iecueea eaae?o?eaoe?y
?io?ano?oeoo?e
ainiiaea?nueeeo
eaae??a
?eieo
ca’yce?a
A?aenooi?noue
Oi?ioaaiiy
E?eca o?iainiai-
aio/ei? nenoaie
?eieo i?aoe?
e?aaeeoii? nenoaie
ea?oaaiiy
i?aei?e?inoaaie
?en. 1. *eiieee, ui iaoiiaeththoue ianoaa?euei?noue aeiiii?/ii?
ianoaiiaee a Oe?a?i?.
?icae?e 2. Aaeaioeaia ?aaeoe?y i?aei?e?inoaa oa ?? ?ioi?iaoe?eia
caaacia/aiiy.
*eneaii?noue ? ?icia?o?noue /eiiee?a ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, i?ae
aieeaii yeeo ci?ith?oueny ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa, iaoiiaeththoue
?icia?o?noue aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa. I?iaaaeaieie
aeine?aeaeaiiyie anoaiiaeaii, ui aaeaioeaia ?aaeoe?y i?aei?e?inoaa ia
aieea ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua caeaaeeoue a?ae /eiieea aieeao,
?ioaineaiino? eiai ae??, iniaeeainoae ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoaa ? ??aiy
yeino? oi?aae?iiy ?i. E??i oeueiai ?nio? oe?eee ?yae ?ioeo iniaeeainoae
aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa ia ci?ie ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua. C
iaoith iieaco caeaaeiino? aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa a?ae ae??
/eiiee?a ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua oa ?? oii?yaeeoaaiiy, ui iaiao?aeii
aeey i?aai?caoe?? aeia?aaeaeaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe??, o
?iaio? aeeiiaii eeaneo?eaoe?th aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa, aeey
/iai aeei?enoai? oae? iciaee ye oaeaee?noue ?aae?caoe?? caoiae?a c
aaeaioaoe??, iaiao?aei?noue ?aaeoe?? ia ciai?oi? ae??, ianooaa
cae?enithaaieo ci?i, nooi?iue caaa?oaiino? i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, ??aaiue
ieaioaaiiy aaeaioaoe??, iaiao?aei?noue ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?aeo?eiee e
ieoii?noue aeo?ao ia aaeaioaoe?th.
I?iaaaeaieie aeine?aeaeaiiyie anoaiiaeaia caeaaei?noue aaeaioeaii?
?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa a?ae aeaeo aaeaioaoe??. C oeeo iiceoe?e
aaeaioeaia ?aaeoe?y iiaea aooe a?aenooiueith, iaeieiia??iith, ?iia??iith
e iaia’yceiaith. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiiy a ?iaio? aecia/aia
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy aeae?a aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa ? aeae?a eiai
aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe??. Oaea ni?aa?aeiioaiiy aeicaiey? aecia/eoe oa?aeoa?
aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa ia ci?ie, ui a?aeaoaathoueny o
ciai?oiueiio na?aaeiaeu?.
Iaei??th c oiia aoaeoeaiino? aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa ? i?aai?ciaaia ii
iaaieo e?eoa??yo niinoa?aaeaiiy ca noaiii ? aeeiai?eith ciai?oiueiai
na?aaeiaeua ? a?aea?? iaiao?aeii? ?ioi?iaoe??, ui ? iniiaith i?eeiyooy
??oaiue ii aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa. Ia iniia? aeine?aeaeaiiy
i?aeoiae?a aei i?aai?caoe?? ?ioi?iaoe?? a ?iaio? cai?iiiiiaaia
i?aai?caoe?y ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, o eio??e
iio?aa? a ?ioi?iaoe?? ? oi?ioaaiiy aac niinoa?aaeaiue cae?eniththoueny
ia iniia? no?aoaa?/ieo oe?eae aaeaioaoe??. ?iciiae?e ?ioi?iaoe?? c oaeeo
aac niinoa?aaeaiiy ye eiieo?aioe?y (any ?ioi?iaoe?y c ae?th/eo ?
iioaioe?eieo eiieo?aio?a), ?eiie (ony ?eieiaa ?ioi?iaoe?y, caieoe ?
aeiiae niiaeeaa/?a), oaoiieia?y (ae?iaieoeoai ? niiaeeaaiiy
i?iaeoeoe??), caeiiiaeaanoai (any ?ioi?iaoe?y c caeiiiaeaanoaa, ui
noino?oueny ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoaa, a oaeiae ?ioi?iaoe?y c
ae?yeueiino? i?aai?a, ui ?ic?iaeythoue ? i?eeiathoue iia? caeiiiaeaa/?
iieiaeaiiy), ?ano?ne (any ?ioi?iaoe?y c iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/ieo ?ano?n?a,
eio?? iaiao?aei? aeey ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoaa, iinoa/aiiyi ne?iaeie ?
iaoa??ae?a, o?oaeiaei ?ano?nai ? o?iainai), caaaeuei? oaiaeaioe??
(iie?oe/ia, aeiiii?/ia, nioe?aeueia, aeaiia?ao?/ia ? ?ioa ?ioi?iaoe?y)
oa ?io? /eiieee, ui aieeaathoue ia ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa, aea ia
a?aoiaai? a iiia?aaei?o aacao, aeicaiey? caaacia/eoe nenoaiaoecaoe?th
niinoa?aaeaiiy ca /eiieeaie ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua.
O ?iaio? iieacaii, ui aeey noai?aiiy aac niinoa?aaeaiue aeioe?eueii
?icae?eeoe ana ciai?oi? na?aaeiaeua ia o?e noa?e: aaciina?aaeith noa?o,
o yeo aoiaeyoue o? /eiieee ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, ui i?yii
aieeaathoue ia ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa ? ciooothoue oaeeaaoe
caoiae?a ii aaeaioaoe??; noa?o aieeao, aei yei? noaaeyoueny o? /eiieee
ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, ae?y yeeo iineoue iiaeeeaee oa?aeoa?, ui
iiaeooue aieeaaoe ia ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa, oiane?aeie /iai
i?aei?e?inoai ciooaii aoaea aaeaiooaaoeny aei ?oiuei? ae??; noa?o
?ioa?an?a, o yeo aoiaeyoue o? /eiieee ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, ui ia
aieeaathoue iii?oii ia ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa, aea i?e iaaieo
ianoaaeiao iiaeooue cioneoe i?aei?e?inoai aaeeoe caoiae?a c aaeaioaoe??.
Aeioe?euei?noue oaeiai iiae?eo ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua iieyaa? a oiio,
ui aiii ciooo? caa?iooe oaaao i?aai?a oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii ia o?
/eiieee, ae?y yeeo iiaea ye ni?eyoe ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?inoaa, oae ?
iaaaoeaiith oyaith aieeaaoe ia ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa ? cioneoe
eiai aaeeoe caoiae?a ii caaacia/aiith a?aeiia?aeiino? o ooieoe?iioaaii?
i?aei?e?inoaa noaio ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua.
O ?iaio? iieacaii, ui oi?ioaaiiy aac niinoa?aaeaiue iiaea
cae?enithaaoeny ca i?eioeeiii onainyaeiiai niinoa?aaeaiiy ca ciai?oi?i
na?aaeiaeuai, aai ca i?eioeeiii niinoa?aaeaiiy ii caieoo. Aace
niinoa?aaeaiue, ui oi?iothoueny ca ia?oei i?eioeeiii, i?noyoue o nia?
an? /eiieee ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, ci?ia yeeo iiaea aieeiooe ia
ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa. I?e aeei?enoaii? o oi?ioaaii? aac
niinoa?aaeaiue ca ae?oaei i?eioeeiii aace noai?ththoueny eeoa a oiio
aeiaaeeo, eiee aeieea? iaiao?aei?noue ?icaeyaeo /eiiee?a, aieea yeeo
ciaoiaeeoueny a noa?? ?ioa?an?a i?aei?e?inoaa.
?ioi?iaoe?y i?i noai ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua aei aac niinoa?aaeaiue
iaaeoiaeeoue ?c /eneaiieo aeaea?ae ii ??ciiiai?oieo eaiaeao. O ?iaio?
?icaeyioo? iniaeeaino? iaaeoiaeaeaiiy ?ioi?iaoe?? c ??cieo eaiae?a, a
oaeiae aieea ?ioi?iaoe??, ui iaaeoiaeeoue ii oeeo eaiaeao, ia oi?ioaaiiy
aac niinoa?aaeaiue.
I?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeee aniaeo oi?ioaaiiy aac niinoa?aaeaiue
ia?aaeaa/a? aea?? iaoiae?a aeei?enoaiiy eaiae?a iaaeoiaeaeaiiy
?ioi?iaoe?? ? niinia?a aiae?co ?ioi?iaoe??, ui iaaeoiaeeoue ii eaiaeao.
I?aai?caoe?th ?iaioe c aacaie niinoa?aaeaiue i?iiiio?oueny cae?enithaaoe
ii iaoiaeo caaaeueiiai aeei?enoaiiy an?o eaiae?a aai ii iia?e?caoe?eiiio
iaoiaeo. Aea?? iaoiaeo caeaaeeoue a?ae ?ioaineaiino? aeei?enoaiiy eaiaeo
iaaeoiaeaeaiiy ?ioi?iaoe??
Iaoiae caaaeueiiai aeei?enoaiiy an?o eaiae?a ia?aaeaa/a? iino?eia
iiiiaiaiiy aac niinoa?aaeaiue ii an?o eaiaeao ? aacia?a?aiee aiae?c
?ioi?iaoe??, ui iaaeoiaeeoue. I?e/iio, aiae?co?oueny ia o?eueee oa
?ioi?iaoe?y, ui iaaeoiaeeoue, aea cae?enith?oueny noeoiiee aiae?c
iayaii? e ?ioi?iaoe??, ui iaae?eoea. Noeoiiee aiae?c ?ioi?iaoe?? iiaea
cae?enithaaoeny ia?iaiaioii aai ca iaaiee ia??iae. I?e noeoiiiio
aiae?co, ui aeeiio?oueny ia?iaiaioii, iayaia e ?ioi?iaoe?y, ui
iaae?eoea, aiae?cothoueny a iiiaio iaaeoiaeaeaiiy iiai? ?ioi?iaoe??. I?e
ia??iaee/iiio aiae?c? iayaia e ?ioi?iaoe?y, ui iaae?eoea, ni?eueii
aiae?cothoueny iaeei ?ac o caaeaiee i?ii?aeie /ano, iai?eeeaae, uiaeiae
aai uioeaeiy. Noeoiiee aiae?c iayaii? e ?ioi?iaoe??, ui iaae?eoea,
aeicaiey? aecia/eoe oae? ci?ie ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, i?e yeeo
iiaeiia aai iiaea ii/aoeny aaeaioeaia ?aaeoe?y i?aei?e?inoaa. I?ioa
iaiao?aeii a?aoiaoaaoe, ui aaeaioeaia ?aaeoe?y iiaea aooe a?aenooiueith,
yeui i?eeiyoi ??oaiiy ?aii?oaaoe ci?ie a ciai?oiueiio na?aaeiaeu?, oiaoi
ia ?aaaoaaoe ia ci?ie, ui a?aeaoeeny. Ii?yae ?c ia?aaaaaie iaoiaeo
caaaeueiiai aeei?enoaiiy an?o eaiae?a ?niothoue ? iaaeie?ee, iai?eeeaae,
iaea?aeaiiy cia/iiai ianyao ?ioi?iaoe??, ui ia aoaea aeei?enoaia,
cia/i? aeo?aoe ia iaea?aeaiiy ?ioi?iaoe??, ca?eueoaiiy /enaeueiino?
niaoe?ae?no?a, ui caeiyo? ?ioi?iaoe?eiei caaacia/aiiyi.
Iia?e?caoe?eiee iaoiae aeei?enoaiiy eaiae?a ?ioi?iaoe?? ia?aaeaa/a?
?ioaineaiee iiooe iaiao?aeii? ?ioi?iaoe?? c on?o eaiae?a ? aac
niinoa?aaeaiue o aeiaaeeo iaea?aeaiiy c aoaeue-yeiai eaiaeo ?ioi?iaoe??
uiaei iaeaaaeeea?oeo aeey i?aei?e?inoaa ci?i o ciai?oiueiio na?aaeiaeu?.
I/aaeaeia, ui iaea?eueo cia/ou? ci?ie a ciai?oiueiio na?aaeiaeu? ia
a?aeaoaathoueny ieoo?ai. O oeueiio aeiaaeeo aiane?aeie iiieeie
aenia?o?a, iaoi/iinoae a i?aai?caoe?? ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy
i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, iaeaae?o?eiaaiiai aiae?co ?ioi?iaoe??, ui
iaaeoiaeeoue, aai iai?ioan?eiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo ia i?aei?e?inoa? iiiaio
ianoaiiy ci?i o ciai?oiueiio na?aaeiaeu? oiouaiee, ?oi?e ?icaeoie ia
iio?aiea o noa?o iii?oi?eiao ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua. sseui aeyaeai?
ci?ie ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua ? aeoaea cia/oueie aeey i?aei?e?inoaa,
oiae? aeey aaeaeaaoii? aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa aoaea
iaiao?aeia ?ioi?iaoe?y, ui iiaea aooe io?eiaia c aeei?enoaiiyi iaio
cai?iiiiiaaieo iaoiae?a.
Aeey aeeiiaiiy an?o iia?aoe?e c ?ioi?iaoe??th (ianeoaiaoaaiiy eaiae?a,
ca??, ni?ooaaiiy, aiae?c ?ioi?iaoe??, oi?ioaaiiy aac niinoa?aaeaiiy ? o.
?i.) a i?aai?caoe?ei?e no?oeoo?? i?aei?e?inoaa i?iiiio?oueny noai?eoe
aea? a?oie – a?oio no?aoaa?/ii? ? ia?niaeoeaii? ?ioi?iaoe?? ? a?oio
iioi/ii? e iia?aoeaii? ?ioi?iaoe??. Ine?eueee aeey aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa aei ci?i ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua aaeeea cia/aiiy ia?
no?aoaa?/ia ?ioi?iaoe?y, oi iniiaio oaaao a ?iaio? i?eae?eaii
i?aai?caoe?? ae?yeueiino? naia a?oie no?aoaa?/ii? ? ia?niaeoeaii?
?ioi?iaoe??.
Ae?yeuei?noue a?oie no?aoaa?/ii? ? ia?niaeoeaii? ?ioi?iaoe??
i?iiiio?oueny i?aai?coaaoe c aeei?enoaiiyi i?eioeei?a caaaeueiiai,
oa?eoi??aeueiiai, i?aaeiaoiiai aai i?aaeiaoii-oa?eoi??aeueiiai
niinoa?aaeaiiy. Aeei?enoaiiy eiaeiiai c i?eioeei?a i?aai?caoe??
ae?yeueiino? a?oie no?aoaa?/ii? ? ia?niaeoeaii? ?ioi?iaoe?? caeaaeeoue
a?ae ianooaa?a ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoaa, eiai i?enooiino? ia
??ciiiai?oieo ?eieao, aeaeo i?iaeoeoe??, ui aeionea?oueny, ?ioaineaiino?
eiieo?aioe?? a aaeoc?. I?e oeueiio aieiaiei e?eoa???i i?aai?caoe??
ae?yeueiino? a?oie no?aoaa?/ii? ? ia?niaeoeaii? ?ioi?iaoe?? ?
caaacia/aiiy iaeneiaeueii oaeaeeiai iai?io ? i?ioiaeaeaiiy ?ioi?iaoe??,
iacaeaaeii a?ae oiai, yeee i?eioeei aeei?enoaiee i?e oi?ioaaii?
i?aai?caoe?eii? no?oeoo?e a?oie.
?icae?e 3. I?aai?caoe?y ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa.
Iaei??th c aaaeeeaeo ooieoe?e oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa ? ieaioaaiiy oeueiai i?ioeano. Ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe?? i?iiiio?oueny cae?enithaaoe oeyoii ?ic?iaee ? ?aae?caoe??
nenoaie ieai?a, neeaae yei? iaaaaeaii ia ?en. 2. I?aai?caoe?th
ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? i?iiiio?oueny iiaoaeoaaoe ia iniia?
niaaeiueiai ieaioaaiiy ? aeaeiiiiceoe?? ieai?a. Niaaeia ieaioaaiiy
ia?aaeaa/a? iayai?noue ia eiaeiiio ??ai? ???a?o?? oi?aae?iiy cae?i/aiiai
ieaio i?e ia?aoiae? a?ae ci?noo aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa aei
ieai?a aianaiiy ci?i o ae?yeuei?noue ae?iaie/eo, ianeoaiaoth/eo ?
oi?aae?inueeeo i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa. Aeaeiiiiceoe?y ieai?a
aeicaiey? eiaeiiio ?c ieai?a nenoaie ?icoe?thaaoe aeayeo /anoeio
iiia?aaeiueiai ieaio.
aaeaioaoe??
Eaeaiaea?iee ieai
N?oueiaee a?ao?e
(?iciiae?e ?ia?o o /ano)
i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??
?iaeea?aeoaeueiee ieai
I?ia?aia ?ia?o
(ieai ?iaioe eiie?aoiiai
i?ae?icae?eo)
c aaeaioaoe??
?en. 2. Caaaeueia ???a?o?y ieai?a i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? .
Oe?eueiaa i?ia?aia anoaiiaeth?, aeey /iai iaiao?aei? o? aai ?io? ci?ie o
aioo??oi?o nenoaiao oa ae?yeueiino? i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa.
No?aoaa?/iee ieai aecia/a? a?aeiia?aei? ci?ie, ui iaiao?aeii aianoe o
ooieoe?iioaaiiy aioo??oi?o nenoai ? ae?yeuei?noue i?ae?icae?e?a
i?aei?e?inoaa. Oaeoe/iee ieai iieaco?, ye? i?ae?icae?ee i?aei?e?inoaa
aoaeooue a?aoe o/anoue o i?iaaaeaii? ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe??. Eaeaiaea?iee
ieai noaaeoueny aei niaoe?aeueieo ieai?a, i?ecia/aiiyi yeiai ?
?aae?caoe?y iaeiiai c iaii?ooieo i?aaee caaacia/aiiy aoaeoeaiino?
i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa – /an, ye ? a?io?, ? iieacieeii
ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??. ?iaeea?aeoaeueiee ieai ?iaioe
? niiniaii aeinyaiaiiy oe?eae i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, ine?eueee a?i yaey?
niaith ?ino?oiaio oe?eueiaiai oi?aae?iiy, ui caaacia/o? a ienaii?e oi?i?
o?enaoe?th eiie?aoieo ?ia?o, ?o ci?noo, oa?i?i?a cae?i/aiiy aai
i?eieiaiiy.
Aeaeiiiiceoe?th ieaio i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa aeeiiaii ia
aac? aeei?enoaiiy oaeeo i?eioeei?a: aecia/aiiy naiaiaee aeai?o, eio?a
aaaeaia ia ianooiiiio e?ieo ieaioaaiiy, ? aecia/aiiy iaiaaeaiue aeey
ianooiiiai, a?eueo iecueeiai ??aiy ieaioaaiiy. Aeio?eiaiiy ia?oiai
i?eioeeio aaaea aei oiai, ui ianooii? aoaie ieaioaaiiy aeeiiothoueny ia
ona a?eueo iecueeeo ??aiyo oi?aae?iiy (oeao-ae?eueieoey-?iai/a i?noea
aai a?aeae?e-ath?i) ? i?e oeueiio aeinoaoiuei a?aoiaoaaoe o?eueee noa?o
?oi?o iiaiiaaaeaiue. No?oeoo?e an?o ???a?o?/ii iia’ycaieo ieai?a ia
iaia’yceiai iiaeii? ca?aaoeny aeey aeieaco i?iaaaeaii? aeaeiiiiceoe??.
Aaaeeeai o?eueee, uia nooi?iue aeaoae?caoe?? aoa iaeiaeiaei aeey an?o
ioieo?a ieaio ia aoaeue-yeiio ??ai? ???a?o?? ? uia oey aeaoae?caoe?y
ca?eueooaaeany a i??o i?inoaaiiy i?ioeano ieaioaaiiy aaeaioaoe??.
Aeei?enoaiiy ae?oaiai i?eioeeio aaaea aei oiai, ui naiaiaea aeai?o aoaea
ona a?eueoa ? a?eueoa iaiaaeoaaoeny a i??o aeinyaiaiiy caaa?oaiino?
ieai?a, ui aecia/a?oueny ?oiueith aaniethoiith aeaoae?caoe??th. Oea
aeicaiey? aei?o/aoe ae?ia?oie aeaoae?ciaaieo ??oaiue a?eueo iecueeei
??aiyi oi?aae?iiy ? iaaea? iiaeeea?noue eiaeiiio ??aith ea??aieoeoaa
cina?aaeaeoaaoe oaaao ia aeanoeaeo eiio ooieoe?yo.
O nenoai? ieai?a i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? iaei??th c iniiaieo ? i?iaeaia
caaacia/aiiy aca?iica’yceo ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe??, ui cae?eniththoueny o
aioo??oi?o nenoaiao ? i?ae?icae?eao i?aei?e?inoaa. Aeey ae??oaiiy oe???
i?iaeaie a ?iaio? i?iiiio?oueny aeei?enoiaoaaoe eiio?ao?aoi? i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe??, i?ae yeei ?icoi??oueny noeoii?noue ?aaeaiaiooth/eo i?ioean
aaeaioaoe?? aeieoiaio?a, eiaeiee ?c yeee ia? nai? i?ecia/aiiy.
Eiio?ao?aoi? i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? i?noeoue /ioe?e ?icae?ee: anooiiee
?icae?e, oaaeeoeth iieno i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, oaaeeoeth aca?iiae??
aioo??oi?o nenoai ? i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa, ui aa?ooue o/anoue o
i?ioean? aaeaioaoe??, ? oaaeeoeth iieno ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe??.
I?ecia/aiiyi anooiiiai ?icae?eo eiio?ao?aoi?a ? iien iniiaii?
?ioi?iaoe?? c aaeaioaoe??. O iueiio iaaiaeeoueny ?icai?iooa
oa?aeoa?enoeea i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??: i?e/eie, ui aeeeeeaee aaeaioeaio
?aaeoe?th i?aei?e?inoaa, ?? oa?aeoa?, ianooaae, iaoa i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe?? ? eiai ianooaae, ci?no ? i/?eoaai? ?acoeueoaoe, oa?i?i
cae?i/aiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??.
O oaaeeoe? iieno i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? aeaco?oueny oa?aeoa? ci?i, ui
iiaeii? noaoeny o ooieoe?iioaaii? aioo??oi?o nenoai oa ae?yeueiino?
i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa. Aeoiaey/e c iiiyooy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??,
ye eiiieaeno ci?i o ae?yeueiino? no?oeoo?ieo i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa
a ca’yceo c eiai aaeaioeaiith ?aaeoe??th ia aieea ciai?oiueiai
na?aaeiaeua, a ?iaio? noi?ioeueiaaii iniiaiee i?eioeei iiaoaeiae
oaaeeoe? iieno i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??: on? ci?ie o ooieoe?iioaaii?
aioo??oi?o nenoai i?aei?e?inoaa iiaeooue aooe iiaeai? ye oe?oiiai? aeaee
?ia?o ??ciiiai?oiiai oa?aeoa?o, ui iaiao?aeii aeeiiaoe aeey oiai, uia
ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa a?aeiia?aeaea oe?eyi no?aoaa??, ui
ci?ieeeny, ? niiniaai ?o aeinyaiaiiy.
Oaaeeoeth aca?iiae?? aioo??oi?o nenoai ? i?ae?icae?e?a, ui aa?ooue
o/anoue a aaeaioaoe??, i?iiiio?oueny aeei?enoiaoaaoe aeey eieae?caoe??
?ia?o c aaeaioaoe?? ii eiie?aoieo no?oeoo?ieo i?ae?icae?eao. Oaea
oaaeeoey yaey? niaith aeaii??io iao?eoeth, ui aeaco? aaeaioaoe?eiee
oeaio? ? aioo??oi? nenoaie i?aei?e?inoaa, ui noi?iaiaeaeothoue
aaeaioaoe?th, a oaeiae ia?ae?e i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa, o
ae?yeueiino? yeeo iiaeii? a?aeaooeny ci?ie. Ca aeiiiiiaith oaaeeoe?
aca?iiae?? iiaeia ae??oeoe ieoaiiy noai?aiiy iiaeo aai ia’?aeiaiiy ?
?ai?aai?caoe?? aaea ?nioth/eo i?ae?icae?e?a, yeui oea iaiao?aeii aeey
aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa.
Oaaeeoeth iieno ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe?? i?ecia/aii aeey oii?yaeeoaaiiy
aeaoaeueiiai ia?ae?eo ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe?? c oeac?aeith ?o ?ano?niiai
caaacia/aiiy. ?? iiaeia iiaoaeoaaoe ii ??ciiiai?oieo iciaeao. Ii-ia?oa,
eeth/iaith iciaeith iiaoaeiae oaaeeoe? ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe?? iiaeooue aooe
aeaee oe?oiiaieo ?ia?o, ye? ?iciiae?eaii ii i?ae?icae?eao. Ii-ae?oaa,
oaaeeoey iieno ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe?? iiaea aooe iiaoaeiaaia ii eiaeiiio
no?oeoo?iiio i?ae?icae?eo, o ae?yeuei?noue yeiai aiinyoueny ci?ie. I?ioa
iacaeaaeii a?ae iciaee iiaoaeiae oaaeeoe? ?iaioe c aaeaioaoe?? iiaeii?
iaea?aeaoe aeieeaaeiee iien, oiaoi oe?oiiai? aeaee ?ia?o iiaeii? aooe
aeaoaeueii ?icienai? ii ae?yo, ui ?o neeaaeathoue. Ii eiaei?e c
oe?oiiaieo aeae?a ?ia?o a?aecia/a?oueny aaaeaia o?eaae?noue, oeaco?oueny
iaiao?aei?noue caeo/aiiy eiinoeueoaio?a ? aenia?o?a, oa?aeoa? ?oi?o
iineoa ? ae?e. Aeey ianooiiiai iia?aoeaiiai ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe?? a oaaeeoe? iiene ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe?? iiaeiia aooe iieacaiee
aca?iica’ycie ?ia?o. I?e oeueiio ia o?eueee a?aecia/athoueny ?iaioe, ?c
yeeie iia’ycaia aiae?ciaaia ?iaioa, aea ? oa?aeoa? oeueiai ca’yceo –
?iaioa aeia?aaeaea? aeeiiaiiy ?ioeo ?ia?o, aeeiio?oueny ia?aeaeueii aai
aeeiio?oueny i?ney yeeo-iaaoaeue ?ia?o. C iaoith iiaeaeueoi?
oi?iae?caoe?? ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe?? eiaeiee aeae ?ia?o iiaeiiee iaoe
aecia/aiee oeo?, o neeaae? eio?iai iaiao?aeii cacia/eoe
i?ae?icae?e-aeeiiaaaoeue ?iaioe.
Caaa?oaeueiei aoaiii no?aoaa?/iiai ? cia/iith i??ith oaeoe/iiai
ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? ? neeaaeaiiy caaaeueii? noaie i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe??, ui ? iniiaiei niiniaii oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe?? aai
?? aaia?aeueiei ieaiii. O caaaeuei?e noai? i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??
i?noeoueny a ienaiiiio aeae? ia caaeaiee ia??iae /ano iien onueiai
i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??. Ca ci?noii caaaeueia noaia i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??
yaey? niaith oaiaeo i?ae on?ia i?ae?icae?eaie i?aei?e?inoaa ii ?oi?e
o/ano? a i?ioean? aaeaioaoe??. An? o/anieee i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? iiaeii?
aeeiioaaoe oa, ui cacia/aii a caaaeuei?e noai? aai caieooaaoe e
iaea?aeoaaoe aeica?e aaeaioaoe?eiiai oeaio?o ia ?? ci?io. Ia iiaeia
i?eioneaoe a?aeoeeaiiy a?ae i?eeiyoi? ? caoaa?aeaeaii? aaeaioaoe?eiei
oeaio?ii caaaeueii? noaie i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??. sseui aeioe?eueii eeoeoe
yeee aniaeo i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? ia ?icnoae iaeiiai c i?ae?icae?e?a, oi
oeae aniaeo ne?ae aai aeeeth/eoe c caaaeueii? noaie, aai aecia/eoe iaaeo
naiaiaee ae?? i?ae?icae?eo.
Caaaeueia noaia i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? i?noeoue noaiaea?oiee iaa??
?icae?e?a, oaeeo ye ia?ae?e i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa, ui aa?ooue
o/anoue o i?ioean? aaeaioaoe??, oa?aeoa? ci?i o ae?yeueiino?
i?ae?icae?eo ? ?oiy eieae?caoe?y, ia?ae?e ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe??,
aeeiioaaieo eiaeiei i?ae?icae?eii, ? oa?i?ie ?o aeeiiaiiy, iien
?acoeueoao?a aaeaioaoe??, i?aai?caoe?y eiio?ieth i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??,
iineoae eiinoeueoaio?a ? aenia?o?a. Ia?aaeaa/a?oueny, ui on?
oaa?aeaeaiiy, ui aeeth/ai? a caaaeueio noaio i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, ?
aeiiaaie, yeui aiie ia aecia/ai? ye oe?e?. ??cieoey iieyaa? a oiio, ui
aeiiaa iiaeiia aooe iaia’yceiai aeeiiaiith, a oe?eue i?eionea? ??
aeinyaiaiiy c aeayeei iaaeeaeaiiyi.
Iaeiei ?c aaaeeeaeo ?ino?oiaio?a oaeoe/iiai ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa, ui caaacia/o? o?iainiao i?aeo?eieo ?ia?o c
aaeaioaoe??, ? athaeaeao aaeaioaoe??. Athaeaeao aaeaioaoe?? yaey? niaith
ieai iie?eooy aeo?ao i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??. Aeey i?aai?caoe?? athaeaeaoo
i?iiiio?oueny aeei?enoiaoaaoe oae? i?eioeeie: iaaeaiiy athaeaeaoo a
ienaii?e oi?i?, caaacia/aiiy ?aaeueiino? athaeaeaoo, aaaeaiiy athaeaeaoo
? oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe?? ca aeiiiiiaith athaeaeaoo.
C iaoith i?aai?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy athaeaeaoii ye o /ano, oae ? a i?inoi??
cai?iiiiiaaii eiai no?oeoo?oaaoe ii /ioe?ueio iciaeao: ii oa?aeoa?o
aeo?ao ? aeaea?aeai ?o iie?eooy, ii no?oeoo?ieo i?ae?icae?eao
i?aei?e?inoaa, ui i?eeiathoue o/anoue o i?ioean? aaeaioaoe??, ii
aeaiaioao aeo?ao, ii oa?i?iao ?aae?caoe?? athaeaeaoo.
No?oeoo?ecaoe?y athaeaeaoo ii aeaeao aeo?ao ? aeaea?aeai ?o iie?eooy ?
aeo?aeiei iiiaioii i?aai?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy athaeaeaoii, ine?eueee
aeicaiey? aeae?eeoe aea? /anoeie athaeaeaoo – iioi/i?e ? eai?oaeueiee
athaeaeaoe. Iioi/iee athaeaeao aaeaioaoe?? oi?io?oueny ca ?aooiie
nia?aa?oino? i?iaeoeoe??, eai?oaeueiee – ca ?aooiie ?iaanoeoe?eieo
?ano?n?a.
No?oeoo?ecaoe?y iioi/iiai ? eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeaoo ii i?ae?icae?eao
i?aei?e?inoaa, ui i?eeiathoue o/anoue o i?ioean? aaeaioaoe??, aeicaiey?
?iciiae?eeoe caaaeueio aaee/eio aeo?ao ia i?iaaaeaiiy ?ia?o c
aaeaioaoe?? ii i?ae?icae?eao ? aecia/eoe eieae?caoe?th aeo?ao ia i?ioean
aaeaioaoe??, ui ? aecia/aeueiei /eiieeii oi?aae?iiy ieie.
No?oeoo?ecaoe?y iioi/iiai ? eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeaoo ii aeaiaioao aeo?ao
? ne?aenoaii aeei?enoaiiy aeey aecia/aiiy aaee/eie athaeaeaoo
cai?iiiiiaaiiai a ?iaio? aeaiaioiiai iaoiaeo, i?e yeiio aeo?aoe ia
i?ioean aaeaioaoe?? ?ic?aoiaothoueny ii aeaiaioao ?ia?o ? aeaiaioao
aeo?ao. No?oeoo?ecaoe?y athaeaeaoo ii aeaiaioao aeo?ao aeicaiey? aeyaeoe
ia?aaaaei? aeaee aeo?ao ia i?iaaaeaiiy ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe?? ? cina?aaeeoe
oaaao aaeaioaoe?eiiai oeaio?o naia ia oeeo aeaiaioao aeo?ao.
Aeaiaioiee iaoiae oi?ioaaiiy iioi/iiai athaeaeaoo caniiao?oueny ia
iiiyoo? eeth/iai? ci?iii? athaeaeaoo. Eeth/iaa ci?iia iioi/iiai
athaeaeaoo yaey? niaith aeaiaio aeo?ao ia i?iaaaeaiiy ?ia?o c
aaeaioaoe??, yeee a iaea?eueo?e i??? ? ia’?eoii oi?aae?iiy, oiaoi
aeaiaio aeo?ao, ii eio?iio cae?enith?oueny ?aoaeueia ieaioaaiiy,
iino?eiee oa nenoaiaoe/iee eiio?ieue. Aei /enea eeth/iaeo aeae?a aeo?ao
i?iiiio?oueny a?aeianoe o?oaeiaeo?aoe ia aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe??
oa, o aeiaaeeo caeo/aiiy aei aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe?? aenia?o?a oa
eiinoeueoaio?a, aeo?aoe ia iieaoo ?o iineoa. I?e oi?ioaaii? iioi/iiai
athaeaeaoo aaeaioaoe?? ia iniia? eeth/iai? ci?iii? o ?iaio?
ia?aaeaa/a?oueny aeei?enoaiiy ii?iaoea?a ni?aa?aeiioaiiy o?oaeiaeo?ao oa
aeo?ao ii ?ioeo aeaiaioao.
Ine?eueee iioi/iee athaeaeao i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? oi?io?oueny ca ?aooiie
nia?aa?oino? i?iaeoeoe?? ? ? neeaaeiaith /anoeith iaeeaaeieo aeo?ao, oi
o ?iaio? cai?iiiiiaaii aeai?eoi ia?aa??i/ieo ?ic?aooie?a c iaoith
aecia/aiiy aieeao aaee/eie iioi/iiai athaeaeaoo i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? ia
??aaiue aeo?ao i?aei?e?inoaa.
Ia a?aei?io a?ae iioi/iiai athaeaeaoo, aaee/eio yeiai iiaeia aaaaeaoe
ii??aiyeueii iino?eiith, ?ici?? eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeaoo, ui caeaaeeoue
a?ae ianyao ?iaanoeoe?e, ye? ni?yiiaothoueny ia o?iainoaaiiy i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe??, iiaea ci?ithaaoeny. Oe? ci?ie aeeeeeai?, iai?eeeaae, oaeeie
ianoaaeiaie: a?ae iiaea/? ia?oeo i?iiiceoe?e aaeaioaoe?eiiai oeaio?o aei
inoaoi/iiai caoaa?aeaeaiiy eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeaoo i?ioiaeeoue aaaaoi
/ano; oaeoe/iee i?eaooie i?aei?e?inoaa a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae
caieaiiaaiiai; iiaea aooe ci?iaia i??i?eoaoi?noue aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa ?, a?aeiia?aeii, iiaea ci?ieoeny neeaae ?ia?o c
aaeaioaoe?? ? ?o ?iaanoeoe?eia i?aeo?eiea. O ca’yceo c oeei o ?iaio?
cai?iiiiiaaiee ii?yaeie niinoa?aaeaiiy ca aeeiai?eith eai?oaeueiiai
athaeaeaoo i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, aeai?eoi ?oa?aoeaiiai iie?ioaiiy
iiia?aaeiuei? aaee/ei? eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeaoo, ?ic?aoiaaiiai ii
aeaiaioiiio iaoiaeo.
I?ney cae?i/aiiy eiaeiiai i?nyoey neeaaea?oueny ca?o i?i ?oo
eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeaoo i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, ui ? caniaii oi?aae?iiy,
a ia o?iainiaeo ?ic?aooie?a. Ca?o i?i ?oo eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeaoo
i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? aeei?enoiao?oueny aeey aiae?oe/ieo oe?eae ?
i?eeiyooy oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue, aecia/aiiy ?ano?n?a, ia ye?
no?oeoo?iee i?ae?icae?e iiaea ?icoaoiaoaaoe a iioi/iiio ?ioe?, ?
i?iaiicoaaiiy caaaeueieo aeo?ao ia i?ioean aaeaioaoe??. Ca?o i?i ?oo
eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeaoo aeicaiey? iaa?iiaaeeoe iaiao?aeio ?ioi?iaoe?th,
ui iiaea aooe aeei?enoaia i?e oi?ioaaii? ianooiieo eai?oaeueieo
athaeaeao?a. Oi?ia ca?oiino? ? ii?yaeie neeaaeaiiy ca?oo i?i ?oo
eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeaoo aeieeaaeii aeeeaaeai? a ?iaio?.
Iniiaio oaaao i?e ?icaeyae? ieoaiiy eaeaiaea?iiai ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe?? a ?iaio? i?eae?eaii ci?noo n?oueiaeo a?ao?e?a i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe??. Iniiaith oi?ioaaiiy n?oueiaeo a?ao?e?a i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??
? oaaeeoey ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe??, o ye?e ii eiaeiiio c i?ae?icae?e?a
i?aei?e?inoaa iiaeaia iien ?ia?o, ?oi?e aca?iica’ycie ? o?eaae?noue. O
?iaio? ia ?icaeyaeathoueny oi?ia ? i?ioeaaeo?a oi?ioaaiiy n?oueiaeo
a?ao?e?a, ine?eueee oae? ieoaiiy iaea?aeaee oe?iea ina?oeaiiy o
a?aeiia?aei?e e?oa?aoo??, a iniiaio oaaao i?e ?icaeyae? ieoaiiy
eaeaiaea?iiai ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? aeae?eaii ci?noo n?oueiaeo
a?ao?e?a i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??. Ia ?oi?e iniia? cai?iiiiiaaii neeaaeaoe
iniiai? aeieoiaioe eaeaiaea?iiai ieaioaaiiy – niia?uaiiy i?i eaeaiaea?i?
oa?i?ie, caaaeaiiy niia?uaiue i?i eaeaiaea?i? oa?i?ie, ca?oe i?i o?ae
i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? e ?iaeea?aeoaeuei? ieaie ?iaioe.
Niia?uaiiy i?i eaeaiaea?i? oa?i?ie ?icaeyaea?oueny ye niin?a
onoaiiaeaiiy, ?a?no?aoe??, aeiaaaeaiiy aei caaaeaiiy aeeiiaaoe?a ci?i
eaeaiaea?iiai ieaio i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??. Niia?uaiiy i?i eaeaiaea?i?
oa?i?ie ? oi?iith eaeaiaea?iiai ieaio, ui ioiieth? ?aae?caoe?th i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe?? i?ioyaii uiaei iaaeiaaiai i?ii?aeeo /ano – a?ae aeioneo
iaeiiai niia?uaiiy aei iiyae ianooiiiai ? yaey? niaith oaaee/ia
caaaeaiiy eaeaiaea?ieo aeao n?oueiaiai a?ao?eo ? noeneee iien i?e/ei
on?o ci?i, ui iaee i?noea c iiiaioo aeioneo inoaiiueiai niia?uaiiy i?i
eaeaiaea?i? oa?i?ie.
Niia?uaiiy i?i eaeaiaea?i? oa?i?ie i?iiiio?oueny neeaaeaoe c
??ciiiai?oiith ia??iaee/i?noth – ??aiii??ii ? ia??aiii??ii. O ia?oiio
aeiaaeeo niia?uaiiy neeaaeathoueny iaeei ?ac ia oeaeaeaiue, aeaeaaeo aai
i?nyoeue, ui aeioe?eueii i?e ianooaai?e aaeaioaoe??, o ae?oaiio – o i??o
iaiao?aeiino?, oiaoi a i??o iaeiie/aiiy ci?i o oa?i?iao aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o,
ui aeioe?eueii a oiio aeiaaeeo, yeui i?ioean aaeaioaoe?? noino?oueny
onueiai aeae?eueeio i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa.
sseui i?ioean aaeaioaoe?? ? oe?ieiianooaaiei, oiaoi a i?ioean?
aaeaioaoe?? aa?a o/anoue cia/ia e?euee?noue no?oeoo?ieo i?ae?icae?e?a
i?aei?e?inoaa, oiae? ii ie?aiiio niia?uaiith aai iaa?oue ii aeae?eueeio
niia?uaiiyo i?i eaeaiaea?i? oa?i?ie aaaeei aeyaeoe oaiaeaioe??, ui
neeaaeathoueny a i?ioean? aaeaioaoe??. O ca’yceo c oeei aeey
oe?ieiianooaaiiai i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? i?iiiio?oueny neeaaeaoe caaaeaiiy
niia?uaiue i?i eaeaiaea?i? oa?i?ie. ?ioi?iaoe?y aeey oii?yaeeoaaiiy
caaaeaiiy niia?uaiue i?i eaeaiaea?i? oa?i?ie i?noeoueny a niia?uaiiyo
i?i eaeaiaea?i? oa?i?ie. Caaaeaiiy aeicaiey? iai/ii i?inoaaeeoe
o?iiieia?th i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??; eiai ?ioi?iaoe?y ? iniiaith
i?iaaaeaiiy aiae?co ? i?iaiicoaaiiy i?io?eaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??,
aeieeiaiiy ? ?icaeoeo ??ciiiai?oiiai ?iaeo oaiaeaioe?e. Caaaeaiiy
niia?uaiue i?i eaeaiaea?i? oa?i?ie neeaaea?oueny iaeei ?ac ia i?nyoeue
ca aeaieie, ui i?noyoueny a inoaiiueiio niia?uaii? i?i eaeaiaea?i?
oa?i?ie ca aiae?ciaaiee i?nyoeue.
Caaaeaiiy niia?uaiue i?i eaeaiaea?i? oa?i?ie aiane?aeie oaaee/ii? oi?ie
iaaeaiiy ?ioi?iaoe?? ?iaeoue aeaeeiith aeeiai?eo oa?i?i?a aeeiiaiiy
?ia?o c aaeaioaoe??, aea iaei ui aiai?eoue i?i i?aai?caoe?th aeeiiaiiy
?ia?o. C eiai aeiiiiiaith oaeiae aaaeei aecia/eoe, /iio ?aaeueiee
i?ioean aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe?? ia a?aeiia?aea? caieaiiaaiiio.
Oae? aniaeoe eaeaiaea?iiai ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, ui ia
a?aeia?aaeai? a ?icaeyiooeo aeieoiaioao – niia?uaii? i?i eaeaiaea?i?
oa?i?ie ? caaaeaiiy niia?uaiue i?i eaeaiaea?i? oa?i?ie – ioiieth? ca?o
i?i o?ae i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, o yeiio o a?euei?e oi?i? iieno?oueny
ae?yeuei?noue i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa ? iiae??, ui aieeaathoue ia
i?ioean aaeaioaoe?? a ?ioa?aae? /ano, ui cia/ii iaioa o?eaaeino?
i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??. Ca?o i?i o?ae i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? neeaaea?oueny
c iaoith iia?aeiieaiiy i?i noai aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe??. A?i
neeaaea?oueny ia??iaee/ii, yaey? niaith nai???aeia i?aeoaa?aeaeaiiy
i?aaeeueiino? ? aeioe?eueiino? ia?aieo iai?yie?a i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? ?
a?aeia?aaea? iioi/iee noai i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? e o iaai?e i??? iaaea?
i?iaiic ia?niaeoeae eiai i?io?eaiiy. Ca?o i?i o?ae i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??
i?iiiio?oueny neeaaeaoe c aeei?enoaiiyi oaeeo i?eioeei?a, ye no?ae/anoa
iine?aeiai?noue oii?yaeeoaaiiy, i?aeo?eiea aacia?a?aiino? ?ioi?iaoe??,
o?enaoe?y iiyae ? noaie i?iaeai. Aeio?eiaiiy oeeo i?eioeei?a aeicaiey?
aeei?enoiaoaaoe ca?o i?i o?ae i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? ye ea??aieoeoai aei
ae??.
Caaa?oaeueiith eaieith i?aai?caoe?? ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? ?
oii?yaeeoaaiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo ieai?a ?iaioe, o yeeo ia?nii?o?eo?oueny
aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe??, a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noue ca ye?noue ? oa?i?ie
oeueiai aeeiiaiiy ? anoaiiaeththoueny eiie?aoi? ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe
ia?niiaeo. Iniiaith oii?yaeeoaaiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo ieai?a ?ia?o ?
eaeaiaea?iee a?ao?e i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??. ?iaeea?aeoaeuei? ieaie ?ia?o
neeaaeathoueny ia iaaiee ia??iae, ui iia’ycaiee ?c ia??iaeii neeaaeaiiy
ca?oo i?i o?ae i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??.
?icaeyiooa i?aai?caoe?y ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? aeicaiey?
aecia/eoe eiie?aoiee ci?no i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? aei aieeao ciai?oiueiai
na?aaeiaeua, ui ? iaiao?aeiei i?iaeiaaeaiiyi aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa o aeae? ia?ae?eo ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe??, onoaiiaeoe oa?i?ie
aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o ? eiie?aoieo aeeiiaaoe?a, a oaeiae aiineoe iaiao?aei?
ei?eaoaaeuei? ci?ie a i?ioean aaeaioaoe??. Ia ia?oee iiaeyae aiia
ia?aaeaa/a? cia/io e?euee?noue aeieoiaio?a, ui neeaaeathoueny a ienaii?e
oi?i?, aea naia oaeee i?aeo?ae aeicaiey? /?oei aecia/eoe iine?aeiai?noue
? oa?i?ie aeeiiaiiy ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe??, a oaeiae ia?nii?o?eoaaoe
a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noue ?oi?o aeeiiaaoe?a. O oaeiio aeiaaeeo iiaeeeai eaaei
aecia/eoe eieae?caoe?th a?aeoeeaiue o caieaiiaaiiio i?ioean? aaeaioaoe??
e onoiooe ?o, ui aeicaiey? eiio?iethaaoe i?ioean aaeaioaoe?? ? aeiaanoe
eiai aei eia?/iiai caaa?oaiiy. O i?ioeeaaeiiio aeiaaeeo i?ioean
aaeaioaoe?? caa?iaeo? ?icoyaoeny ia iaaecia/aii o?eaaeee /an, ui iiaea
cia/iith i??ith aieeiooe ia eiai aoaeoeai?noue.
AENIIAEE
O aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? ia iniia? i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue cae?eniai?
oai?aoe/ia ocaaaeueiaiiy ? i?aeoe/ia ae??oaiiy aeooaeueii? eiiieaenii?
i?iaeaie i?aai?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy aaeaioaoe??th i?aei?e?inoaa aei ci?i,
ui a?aeaoaathoueny a ciai?oiueiio na?aaeiaeu?. Iniiai? aeniiaee ?
?acoeueoaoe, ui aeieeaathoue ?c iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue, caiaeyoueny aei
oaeiai.
1. Iieacaii, ui ia?aaeoiiaith aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa ? ci?ie
ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, i?ae aieeaii yeeo ci?ith?oueny ae?yeuei?noue
i?aei?e?inoaa. Ci?no oeeo ci?i, iine?aeiai?noue ?oiueiai cae?eniaiiy ?
ianooaa neeaaeathoue nooi?noue aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa. I?iaaaeaii
aiae?c iiiyooy aaeaioaoe?? c aeei?enoaiiyi iieiaeaiue oai???
noaae?eiino? i?ioean?a oi?aae?iiy, a?aeiia?aeii aei yei? ?icaeyiooa
aaiethoe?y iiiyooy aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa aei aieeao ciai?oiueiai
na?aaeiaeua ? aeiiae, yeei iiaeiia a?aeiia?aeaoe aaeaioaoe?y.
2. I?iaaaeaii nenoaiaoecaoe?th noeoiiino? /eiiee?a, ui aieeaathoue ia
ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa ? ciooothoue aiineoe a ia? ci?ie, o
?acoeueoao? yei? aeae?eai? o?e a?oie /eiiee?a: iiyaa oaoi?/ieo ?
i?aai?caoe?eieo iiaiaaaaeaiue, ci?ie eii’thieoo?e ?eieo ? nooi?iue
noaa?eueiino? aeiiii?/ieo ianoaaei o e?a?i?. C iaoith aecia/aiiy
oa?aeoa?o iiaeeeai? ?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa ia aieea /eiiee?a
ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua i?iaaaeaii eeaneo?eaoe?th oeeo /eiiee?a ca
oaeeie iciaeaie ye niin?a ae?? /eiieea, oaeaee?noue ?aaeoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa, iiaeeea?noue i?aei?e?inoaa eiio?iethaaoe ae?th /eiieea
oeyoii ae?? ia iueiai, iaia’yceia?noue a?aeiia?aeii? ?aaeoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa.
3. Iaa?oioiaaia aeae?eaiiy a iiiyoo? aaeaioaoe?? aeaio neeaaeiaeo:
aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa ? i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? ? iieacaiee
?oi?e aca?iica’ycie. ?ic?iaeaii eeaneo?eaoe?th aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa ia aieeae ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, ui i?ecia/aia aeey
i?aai?caoe?? aeia?aaeaeaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa. Aaeaioeaio ?aaeoe?th i?aei?e?inoaa eeaneo?eiaaii ca
oaeeie iciaeaie ye oaeaee?noue ?aae?caoe?? caoiae?a uiaei aaeaioaoe??,
iaiao?aei?noue a?aeiia?aeii? ?aaeoe?? ia aieea ciai?oiueiai
na?aaeiaeua, ianooaa cae?enithaaieo ci?i, ??aaiue ieaioaaiiy
aaeaioaoe??, iaiao?aei?noue ?iaanoeoe?eii? i?aeo?eiee aaeaioaoe??,
ieoii?noue aeo?ao ia aaeaioaoe?th.
4. Aeine?aeaeoaaia caeaaei?noue iayaiino? aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa ia ci?ie ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua a?ae aeaeo aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa ? anoaiiaeaii, ui aaeaioeaia ?aaeoe?y iiaea aooe
a?aenooiueith, iaeieiia??iith, eiia??iith aai iaia’yceiaith. Ca
?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiiy anoaiiaeaii ni?aa?aeiioaiiy aeae?a
aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa ? aeae?a eiai aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe??, ui
aeicaiey? aecia/eoe oa?aeoa? aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa ia ci?ie
ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, ye? a?aeaoaathoueny.
5. Cai?iiiiiaaia i?aai?caoe?y ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe??, ui caniiao?oueny ia no?aoaa?/ieo oe?eyo aaeaioaoe?? ?
ia?aaeaa/a? oi?ioaaiiy no?aoaa?/ieo iio?aa a ?ioi?iaoe?? ii noeoiiino?
oaeeo aac niinoa?aaeaiue ye eiieo?aioe?y, ?eiie, oaoiieia?y,
caeiiiaeaanoai, ?ano?ne, caaaeuei? oaiaeaioe??, ?io? /eiieee, ui
aieeaathoue ia ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa. ?icaeyiooi iniaeeaino?
iaaeoiaeaeaiiy ?ioi?iaoe?? c ??ciiiai?oieo eaiae?a o aace
niinoa?aaeaiue. Iaa?oioiaaii aeioe?euei?noue iiae?eo ciai?oiueiai
na?aaeiaeua i?e noai?aii? aac niinoa?aaeaiue ia o?e noa?e:
aaciina?aaeith noa?o, o yeo aoiaeyoue /eiieee ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua,
ui iaaeathoue i?yiee aieea ia ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa, noa?o aieeao,
aei yei? noaaeyoueny o? /eiieee ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, ae?y yeeo
iineoue iiaeeeaee oa?aeoa? ? noa?o ?ioa?an?a, aei yei? noaaeyoueny o?
/eiieee ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, ae?y eio?eo iiaeeeaa i?e iaaieo
ianoaaeiao.
6. Aecia/ai? iaoiaee aeei?enoaiiy ?ioi?iaoe?? ? niiniae aiae?co
?ioi?iaoe??, ui iaaeoiaeeoue ii eaiaeao. I?aai?caoe?th ?iaioe c aacaie
niinoa?aaeaiue ii i?eaaaeaieo eaiaeao iaaeoiaeaeaiiy ?ioi?iaoe??
i?iiiio?oueny cae?enithaaoe a caeaaeiino? a?ae ?ioaineaiino?
aeei?enoaiiy eaiae?a aai ca iaoiaeii caaaeueiiai aeei?enoaiiy an?o
eaiae?a, aai c aeei?enoaiiyi iia?e?caoe?eiiai iaoiaeo, eiaeiee c yeeo
ia? ia?aaaae ? iaaeie?ee ? canoiniao?oueny a iaaieo oiiaao.
7. Cai?iiiiiaaii noai?aiiy a i?aai?caoe?ei?e no?oeoo?? i?aei?e?inoaa
aeaio a?oi aeey aeeiiaiiy an?o iia?aoe?e c ?ioi?iaoe??th – a?oie
no?aoaa?/ii? ? ia?niaeoeaii? ?ioi?iaoe?? ? a?oie iioi/ii? e iia?aoeaii?
?ioi?iaoe??. Ae?yeuei?noue a?oie no?aoaa?/ii? ? ia?niaeoeaii?
?ioi?iaoe?? i?iiiio?oueny i?aai?coaaoe c aeei?enoaiiyi ??cieo
i?eioeei?a: caaaeueiiai, oa?eoi??aeueiiai, i?aaeiaoiiai ?
i?aaeiaoii-oa?eoi??aeueiiai niinoa?aaeaiiy. Aeei?enoaiiy eiaeiiai c
i?eioeei?a i?aai?caoe?? ae?yeueiino? a?oie no?aoaa?/ii? ? ia?niaeoeaii?
?ioi?iaoe?? caeaaeeoue a?ae ianooaa?a ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoaa, eiai
i?enooiino? ia ??ciiiai?oieo ?eieao, aeaeo i?iaeoeoe??, ui
aeionea?oueny, ?ioaineaiino? eiieo?aioe?? o aaeoc?.
8. ?ic?iaeaii i?aai?caoe?th niaaeiueiai ieaioaaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa, yea caniiaaia ia aeaeiiiiceoe?? ieai?a, aeey eiaeiiai c
yeeo aecia/ai? oi?ia, ci?no ? ii?yaeie neeaaeaiiy. C iaoith ae??oaiiy
i?iaeaie caaacia/aiiy aca?iica’yceo ?ia?o c aaeaioaoe??, ui
cae?eniththoueny aioo??oi?ie nenoaiaie ? i?ae?icae?eaie i?aei?e?inoaa, o
?iaio? cai?iiiiiaaii eiio?ao?aoi? aaeaioaoe??, i?ae yeei ?icoi??oueny
noeoii?noue aeieoiaio?a, ui ?aaeaiaioothoue i?ioean aaeaioaoe??, eiaeiee
?c yeee ia? nai? i?ecia/aiiy.
9. Aecia/ai? i?eioeeie oi?ioaaiiy athaeaeaoo i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? e
iciaee eiai no?oeoo?oaaiiy – ii oa?aeoa?o aeo?ao ? aeaea?aeai ?o
iie?eooy, ii i?ae?icae?eao i?aei?e?inoaa, ui aa?ooue o/anoue o i?ioean?
aaeaioaoe??, ii oa?i?iao ?aae?caoe?? athaeaeaoo ? ii aeaiaioao aeo?ao,
ui iaiao?aei? aeey cae?eniaiiy i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??. ?ici?? athaeaeaoo
i?iiiio?oueny aecia/aoe ca aeiiiiiaith aeaiaioiiai iaoiaeo, ui
a?oioo?oueny ia aeae?eaii? eeth/iai? ci?iii? athaeaeaoo. Cai?iiiiiaaii
ii?yaeie ?ic?aooieo iioi/iiai ? eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeao?a i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe?? ii i?ae?icae?eao ? i?aei?e?inoao a oe?eiio, ii?yaeie
niinoa?aaeaiiy ca aeeiai?eith eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeaoo i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe?? ? aeai?eoi ?oa?aoeaiiai iie?ioaiiy eiai iiia?aaeiuei?
aaee/eie, ui ?ic?aoiaaia ca aeaiaioiei iaoiaeii, oi?ia ca?oiino? ?
ii?yaeie neeaaeaiiy ca?oo i?i ?oo eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeaoo.
10. Iieacaii aeioe?euei?noue aeei?enoaiiy n?oueiaeo a?ao?e?a aeey
ia’?aeiaiiy a nenoaio iiiaeeie ?ia?o, ui neeaaeathoue ci?no i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe??, onoaiiaeaiiy ?oiueiai aca?iica’yceo ? iine?aeiaiino?
aeeiiaiiy. Ia iniia? n?oueiaeo a?ao?e?a cai?iiiiiaaii neeaaeaoe iniiai?
aeieoiaio? eaeaiaea?iiai ieaioaaiiy – niia?uaiiy i?i eaeaiaea?i?
oa?i?ie, caaaeaiiy i?i eaeaiaea?i? oa?i?ie, ca?oe i?i o?ae i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe?? e ?iaeea?aeoaeuei? ieaie ?iaioe.
IA?AE?E INIIAIEO IIOAE?EIAAIEO AAOI?II I?AOeUe
CA OAIITH AeENA?OAOe??
1. Ao Ooeao Caia Eiaanoeoeeiiiay iiaeaea?aeea aaeaioaoeee i?iiuoeaiiuo
i?aaei?eyoee e iiaiaaaaeaieyi//A?niee No?aeiioe?a?inueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
oi?aa?neoaoo. – Eoaainuee: NOAeO. – 1997. – ?3(7). – N.28-29.
2. Ao Ooeao Caia Athaeaeao i?ioeanna aaeaioaoeee i?aaei?eyoey e
eciaiaieyi aiaoiae n?aaeu //Aanoiee Oa?ueeianeiai ainoaea?noaaiiiai
iieeoaoie/aneiai oieaa?neoaoa. – Oa?ueeia: OAIO. – 1998. – ?25. – N.
80-85.
3. Ao Ooeao Caia Ieaie?iaaiea i?ioeanna aaeaioaoeee i?aaei?eyoey e
aicaeaenoaeth aiaoiae n?aaeu//I?iaeaiu yeiiiieee e i?aaiecaoeee
i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo e nioeeaeueiuo nenoai. *.1 – Iiai/a?eanne: IAOO,
1998. – N.42-45.
4. Ao Ooeao Caia Eeanneoeeaoeey aaeaioeaiie ?aaeoeee i?aaei?eyoee ia
aicaeaenoaey yeiiiie/aneie n?aaeu// I?iaeaiu ?acaeoey i?aaei?eyoee
?aaeiia a oneiaeyo ?uii/iie yeiiiieee. – Eoaaine: IAI “EIO”, 1998. –
N.85-89.
5. Ao Ooeao Caia Eioi?iaoeeiiiia iaania/aiea i?ioeanna aaeaioaoeee
i?aaei?eyoey e eciaiaieyi aiaoiae n?aaeu //Aecian-eioi?i. – 1999. –
?3-4. – N. 100-104.
6. Ao Ooeao Caia I?aaiecaoeey ieaie?iaaiey i?ioeanna aaeaioaoeee
i?aaei?eyoey//Aecian-eioi?i. – 1999. – ? 5-6. – N. 110-113.
7. Ao Ooeao Caia Eiaanoeoeeiiiay iiaeaea?aeea ia?ii?eyoee ii aaeaioaoeee
i?aaei?eyoey e iiaiaaaaeaieyi. – Eoaaine: O?E “Oe?IOA?”, OeIOYE , ?
2-98, 1997. – 4 n.
AIIOAOe?ss
Ao Oo?ao Caia I?aai?caoe?y oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa. – ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.06.01 – Aeiiii?ea i?aei?e?inoaa oa i?aai?caoe?y
ae?iaieoeoaa. – No?aeiioe?a?inueeee aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao I?i?noa?noaa
ina?oe Oe?a?ie, Eoaainuee, 1999.
A aeena?oaoe?? ?ic?iaeaii i?aai?caoe?th oi?aae?iiy i?ioeanii
aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa. ?icaeyioo? ia?aaeoiiae aaeaioaoe??
i?aei?e?inoaa oa aaiethoe?y iiiyooy aaeaioaoe??. I?iaaaeaii
nenoaiaoecaoe?th /eiiee?a aieeao ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua. ?ic?iaeaii
eeaneo?eaoe?th aaeaioeaii? ?aaeoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa ia aieea ciai?oiueiai
na?aaeiaeua. Cai?iiiiiaaii i?aai?caoe?th ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy
i?ioeano aaeaioaoe??, aecia/ai? iaoiaee aeei?enoaiiy eaiae?a
iaaeoiaeaeaiiy ?ioi?iaoe?? ? niiniae aiae?co ?ioi?iaoe??, ui
iaaeoiaeeoue ii eaiaeao. ?ic?iaeaii i?aai?caoe?th niaaeiueiai ieaioaaiiy
i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa, yea caniiaaia ia aeaeiiiiceoe??
ieai?a, aeey eiaeiiai c yeeo aecia/ai? oi?ia, ci?no ? ii?yaeie
neeaaeaiiy. Aecia/ai? i?eioeeie oi?ioaaiiy athaeaeaoo i?ioeano
aaeaioaoe??, iciaee eiai no?oeoo?oaaiiy. Cai?iiiiiaaii ii?yaeie
?ic?aooieo iioi/iiai ? eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeao?a i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? ii
i?ae?icae?eao ? i?aei?e?inoao a oe?eiio, ii?yaeie niinoa?aaeaiiy ca
aeeiai?eith eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeaoo i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? ? aeai?eoi
?oa?aoeaiiai iie?ioaiiy eiai iiia?aaeiuei? aaee/eie, ui ?ic?aoiaaia ca
aeaiaioiei iaoiaeii, oi?ia ca?oiino? ? ii?yaeie oii?yaeeoaaiiy ca?oo i?i
?oo eai?oaeueiiai athaeaeaoo. Iieacaii aeioe?euei?noue aeei?enoaiiy o
eaeaiaea?iiio ieaioaaii? i?ioeano aaeaioaoe?? n?oueiaeo a?ao?e?a, ia
iniia? yeeo cai?iiiiiaaii neeaaeaiiy aeieoiaio?a eaeaiaea?iiai
ieaioaaiiy.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: i?aai?caoe?y, oi?aae?iiy, aaeaioaoe?y, i?ioean,
?ioi?iaoe?y, ieaioaaiiy, athaeaeao.
AIIIOAOeEss
Ao Ooeao Caia I?aaiecaoeey oi?aaeaiey i?ioeannii aaeaioaoeee
i?aaei?eyoey. – ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea iao/iie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa yeiiiie/aneeo
iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.06.01 – Yeiiiieea i?aaei?eyoey e i?aaiecaoeey
i?iecaiaenoaa. – Ainoi/iioe?aeineee ainoaea?noaaiiue oieaa?neoao
Ieienoa?noaa ia?aciaaiey Oe?aeiu, Eoaaine, 1999.
A aeenna?oaoeeiiiie ?aaioa inouanoaeaii oai?aoe/aneia iaiauaiea e
i?aeoe/aneia ?aoaiea aeooaeueiie eiiieaeniie i?iaeaiu i?aaiecaoeee
oi?aaeaiey aaeaioaoeeae i?aaei?eyoey e eciaiaieyi, eioi?ua i?ienoiaeyo a
aiaoiae n?aaea. A ?aaioa enneaaeiaaiu i?aaeiinueee aaeaioaoeee
i?aaei?eyoey e eciaiaieyi aiaoiae n?aaeu. I?iaaaeai aiaeec iiieiaiey
nouiinoe aaeaioaoeee n eniieueciaaieai oai?ee noaaeeeiinoe i?ioeannia
oi?aaeaiey, ?anniio?aia yaiethoeey iiiyoey aaeaioaoeee e o?aaiaaiey,
eioi?ui aeieaeia ioaa/aoue aaeaioaoeey i?aaei?eyoey e aicaeaenoaeth
aiaoiae n?aaeu.
I?iaaaeaia nenoaiaoecaoeey niaieoiiinoe oaeoi?ia, aeeythueo ia
aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaei?eyoey, a ?acoeueoaoa eioi?ie auaeaeaiu o?e a?oiiu
oaeoi?ia: iiyaeaiea oaoie/aneeo e i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo iiaiaaaaeaiee,
eciaiaiey eiiuthieoo?u ?uiea e noaiaiue noaaeeueiinoe yeiiiie/aneie
ianoaiiaee a no?aia. N oeaeueth ii?aaeaeaiey oa?aeoa?a aiciiaeiie
?aaeoeee i?aaei?eyoey ia aicaeaenoaea oaeoi?ia aiaoiae n?aaeu i?iaaaeaia
eeanneoeeaoeey yoeo oaeoi?ia ii oaeei i?eciaeaie, eae niinia
aicaeaenoaey oaeoi?a, nei?inoue ?aaeoeee i?aaei?eyoey, aiciiaeiinoue
i?aaei?eyoey eiio?iee?iaaoue aeaenoaea oaeoi?a, iaycaoaeueiinoue
niioaaonoaothuae ?aaeoeee i?aaei?eyoey.
A iiiyoee aaeaioaoeee auaeaeaiu aeaa ninoaaeythuea: aaeaioeaiay ?aaeoeey
i?aaei?eyoey e i?ioeann aaeaioaoeee e iieacaia eo acaeiinaycue.
?ac?aaioaia eeanneoeeaoeey aaeaioeaiie ?aaeoeee i?aaei?eyoey ia
aicaeaenoaey aiaoiae n?aaeu. Aaeaioeaiay ?aaeoeey i?aaei?eyoey
eeanneoeoee?iaaia ii oaeei i?eciaeaie, eae nei?inoue ?aaeecaoeee
ia?ii?eyoee ii aaeaioaoeee, iaiaoiaeeiinoue niioaaonoaothuae ?aaeoeee
ia aicaeaenoaea aiaoiae n?aaeu, ianooaa inouanoaeyaiuo eciaiaiee,
o?iaaiue ieaie?iaaiey aaeaioaoeee, iaiaoiaeeiinoue eiaanoeoeeiiiie
iiaeaea?aeee e ieoiaaiinoue cao?ao ia aaeaioaoeeth.
Enneaaeiaaia caaeneiinoue aaeaioeaiie ?aaeoeee i?aaei?eyoey ia eciaiaiey
aiaoiae n?aaeu io aeaea aaeaioaoeee i?aaei?eyoey, onoaiiaeaii
niioiioaiea aeaeia aaeaioaoeee i?aaei?eyoey e aeaeia aai aaeaioeaiie
?aaeoeee.
I?aaeeiaeaia i?aaiecaoeey eioi?iaoeeiiiiai iaania/aiey i?ioeanna
aaeaioaoeee, iniiauaathuayny ia no?aoaae/aneeo oeaeyo aaeaioaoeee e
i?aaeoniao?eaathuay oi?ie?iaaiea no?aoaae/aneeo iio?aaiinoae a
eioi?iaoeee ii niaieoiiinoe aac iaaethaeaiee. ?anniio?aiu iniaaiiinoe
iinooieaiey eioi?iaoeee ii ?acee/iui eaiaeai a aacu iaaethaeaiey.
Ii?aaeaeaiu iaoiaeu eniieueciaaiey eaiaeia iinooieaiey eioi?iaoeee e
niiniau aiaeeca iinooiathuae ii eaiaeai eioi?iaoeee. Iainiiaaia
oeaeaniia?aciinoue ?acaeaeaiey aiaoiae n?aaeu i?e nicaeaiee aac
iaaethaeaiey ia o?e noa?u: iaiin?aaenoaaiioth noa?o, a eioi?oth aoiaeyo
oaeoi?u aiaoiae n?aaeu, ieacuaathuea i?yiia aeeyiea ia aeayoaeueiinoue
i?aaei?eyoey, noa?o aeeyiey, e eioi?ie ioiinyony oa oaeoi?u aiaoiae
n?aaeu, aeaenoaea eioi?uo iineo aa?iyoiinoiue oa?aeoa? e noa?o
eioa?ania, e eioi?ie ioiinyony oa oaeoi?u aiaoiae n?aaeu, aeaenoaea
eioi?uo aiciiaeii i?e ii?aaeaeaiiuo ianoiyoaeuenoaao. I?aaeeiaeaii
nicaeaiea a i?aaiecaoeeiiiie no?oeoo?a i?aaei?eyoey aeaoo a?oii aeey
auiieiaiey anao iia?aoeee n eioi?iaoeeae – a?oiiu no?aoaae/aneie e
ia?niaeoeaiie eioi?iaoeee e a?oiiu oaeouae e iia?aoeaiie eioi?iaoeee.
?anniio?aiu i?eioeeiu i?aaiecaoeee eo aeayoaeueiinoe.
?ac?aaioaia i?aaiecaoeey ienoiaeyuaai ieaie?iaaiey i?ioeanna aaeaioaoeee
i?aaei?eyoey, iniiaaiiay ia aeaeiiiiceoeee ieaiia. Aeey eaaeaeiai ieaia
ii?aaeaeaiu oi?ia, niaea?aeaiea e ii?yaeie ninoaaeaiey. Aeey iaania/aiey
acaeiinayce ?aaio ii aaeaioaoeee i?aaeeiaeaii eniieueciaaiea
eiioeao?aoi?a aaeaioaoeee, iiae eioi?ui iiieiaaony niaieoiiinoue
aeieoiaioia, ?aaeaiaioe?othueo i?ioeann aaeaioaoeee, eaaeaeue ec eioi?uo
eiaao naia iacia/aiea.
Ii?aaeaeaiu i?eioeeiu oi?ie?iaaiey athaeaeaoa i?ioeanna aaeaioaoeee e
i?eciaee aai no?oeoo?e?iaaiey. Aeey ii?aaeaeaiey aaee/eiu athaeaeaoa
i?aaeeaaaaony yeaiaioiue iaoiae, eioi?ue iniiauaaaony ia auaeaeaiee
eeth/aaie ia?aiaiiie athaeaeaoa. I?aaeeiaeai ii?yaeie ?an/aoa oaeouaai e
eaieoaeueiiai athaeaeaoia i?ioeanna aaeaioaoeee ii iiae?acaeaeaieyi e
i?aaei?eyoeth a oeaeii, ii?yaeie iaaethaeaiey ca aeeiaieeie
eaieoaeueiiai athaeaeaoa i?ioeanna aaeaioaoeee, aeai?eoi eoa?aoeaiiai
oeo/oaiey i?aaeaa?eoaeueiie aaee/eiu eaieoaeueiiai athaeaeaoa,
?ann/eoaiiiai ii yeaiaioiiio iaoiaeo, oi?ia io/aoiinoe e ii?yaeie
ninoaaeaiey io/aoa i aeaeaeaiee eaieoaeueiiai athaeaeaoa.
Iieacaia oeaeaniia?aciinoue eniieueciaaiey naoaauo a?aoeeia a
eaeaiaea?iii ieaie?iaaiee i?ioeanna aaeaioaoeee. Ia iniiaa naoaauo
a?aoeeia i?aaeeiaeaii ninoaaeyoue iniiaiua aeieoiaiou eaeaiaea?iiai
ieaie?iaaiey i?ioeanna aaeaioaoeee – ecaauaiea i eaeaiaea?iuo n?ieao,
naiaeeo ecaauaiee i eaeaiaea?iuo n?ieao, io/aou i oiaea i?ioeanna
aaeaioaoeee e eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua ieaiu ?aaiou
Eeth/aaua neiaa: i?aaiecaoeey, oi?aaeaiea, aaeaioaoeey, i?ioeann,
eioi?iaoeey, ieaie?iaaiea, athaeaeao.
ANNOTATION
Vu Tkhieu Zang Organization of management of enterprise adaptation
process. – Manuscript.
Thesis for a candidate’s degree by speciality 08.06.01 – Economics of
an enterprise and organizing of production. – East-Ukrainian State
University, Lugansk, 1999.
Organization of management of enterprise adaptation process is worked
out in the thesis. The prerequisites of enterprise adaptation and
evolution of concept “adaptation” are looked into. Factors of
environmental influence are systematized.
Classification of enterprise adaptive response on alterations in
environment is carried out. The organization of adaptation process
provision with information is proposed. Methods of information channels
application and ways of incoming information analysis are determined.
The organization of descending planning in enterprise adaptation
process is developed. It is based on plans decomposition with form,
content, order of compiling defined for each plan. Principles of
formation of adaptation process budget, criteria for it’s structuring
are determined. The following is also proposed : order of calculation of
current and capital budgets of adaptation process both for department
and whole company, order of monitoring the dynamics of adaptation
process’ capital budget, algorithm of iterative improvement of
preliminary value of capital budget calculated on element basis,
accountability form and order of composition of report on capital
budget movement. Proved is also the expediency of using network graphs
in calendar planning, on the basis of which documents of calendar and
individual planning are suggested.
Key words : organization, management, adaptation, process, information,
planning, budget.
I?aeienaii aei ae?oeo 24 .03.1999 ?. Oi?iao 60o84 1/16 2 ae.a.
Oe?aae 100 aecaiiey??a. Caeac ?
?ioai?eio NOAeO. 348034, i. Eoaainuee, eaa?oae Iieiae?aeiee, 20A.
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