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?inoeooo caiea?ianoaa

Oe?a?inueei? aeaaeai?? aa?a?ieo iaoe

Iaaeianueea Oaia?a A?eoi??aia

OAeE 632.51:
631.582(: 631.5/.8

Iniaeeaino? ci?i oeaiico ao?’yi?a a iieueiaeo n?aici?iao
i?aaiaa?aae-

iiai E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie a ca’yceo c
o?eaaeei canoinoaaiiyi ??cieo

nenoai iniiaiiai ia?ia?oeo
a?oioo ? oaeia?aiiy

Niaoe?aeuei?noue 06.01.01 – caaaeueia caiea?ianoai

Aaoi?aoa?ao

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe

*aaaie – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa aeeiiaia a eaai?aoi??? aei?iaoaaiiy oa inai?iiy
?ioaineaieo oaoiieia?e ?inoeoooo oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a Oe?a?inueei?
aeaaeai?? aa?a?ieo iaoe (1996 – 1998 ??.)

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee – aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, i?ioani?
Eieii??oeue Ieaenaiae? Iao?iae/, aieiaiee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee
eaai?aoi??? aei?iaoaaiiy oa inai?iiy ?ioaineaieo oaoiieia?e ?noeoooo
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a OAAI

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:

Iae??iei Aiaoie?e Ieo?ioaiiae/ aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe,
i?ioani?, caa. eaai?aoi??? ia?ia?oeo a?oioo oa ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie
?inoeoooo caiea?ianoaa OAAI;

Iaenei/oe ?aai Iaioaeaeiiiiae/ eaiaeeaeao n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
iaoe, aeioeaio eaoaae?e caiea?ianoaa Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo.

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: Oiainueea n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueea aeaaeai?y.

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 22 aa?aniy 1999 ?. i 10 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
Niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae27.361.01 i?e ?inoeooo? caiea?ianoaa
OAAI.

A?aeceae ia aaoi?aoa?ao o aeaio i?ei??ieeao, caa??ai? ia/aoeith, i?ineii
iaaeneeaoe ca aae?anith: 255205, nio. *aaaie, Ee?ai – Nayoioeinueeiai
?aeiio Ee?anueei? iaeano?, ?inoeooo caiea?ianoaa OAAI, a/aiiio
nae?aoa?aa? Niaoe?a-e?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo
caiea?ianoaa OAAI

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee 21 na?iiy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

Niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
E?aa/aiei E.I.

Caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Ia oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie aeyaeaii iiiaae 700 aeae?a
ao?’yi?a, c ieo aeecueei noa yaeythoue cia/io caa?ico aeey iin?a?a
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? (Aanaeianueeee ?.A., 1964;
Aeaaiaethe A.A., 1992). Aiie cieaeothoue o?iaea? ia 25 – 30 %
(A?ocaeaa A.N., 1980; Naeei A.O.,1990; Coaaiei A.O.,1989),
oo?oaeiththoue aeeiiaiiy iieueiaeo ?ia?o (Oenthiia A.O., 1984),
iia??oothoue a?oioia? oiiae aeeooy eoeueoo?ieo ?ineei (Eioia?ania
E.I., 1989; Iae??iei A.I., 1997; Aacaeu?aa A.E., 1985; Iaoooeei
N.E., 1986; E?ooue A.I. e ae?.,1984; Iaiueei TH.I., 1991) oa ye?noue
i?iaeoeoe?? (Ao?aiaa I.I. e ae?., 1990).

Aoaeoeai?noue ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?iaeono??aeueieo oaoiieia?e ae?iuoaaiiy
n?euenueeiain-iiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? a aaaaoueio aeiaaeeao caeaaeeoue
a?ae aaeaei c?iaeaiiai i?iaiico ci?ie e?euee?niiai ? aeaeiaiai neeaaeo
ao?’yi?a. Aeooaeueiei aaaaea?oueny aecia/aiiy aioo??oi?o
aca?iica’yce?a a aa?ioeaiicao, aeyaeaiiy iaeaaaeeea?oeo oaeoi??a oa
i?e/ei ci?ie e?euee?niiai ? aeaeiaiai neeaaeo ao?’yi?a, aeeiai?ee ?o
?icaeoeo a iaeaooiueiio c o?aooaaiiyi iiaeeeaeo ci?i no?oeoo?e iin?aieo
ieiu, nenoaie ia?ia?oeo a?oioo, aeice i?aai?/ieo ? i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea,
aeei?enoaiiy aa?a?oeeae?a.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy aoee neeaaeiaith /anoeiith oaiaoeee ?inoeoooo oeoe?iaeo
ao?ye?a ii aeeiiaiith IOI “Caiea?ianoai”, caaaeaiiy ? 0193 V 042477
“?ic?iaea aia?aicaa??aath/eo oaoiieia?e ia?ia?oeo a?oioo ia ??cieo
??aiyo aeia?ea, ye? caaacia/othoue ?icoe?aiiy, a?aeoai?aiiy eiai
?iaeth/ino? ? ??no i?iaeoeoeaiino? n?aici?i a oiiaao oeaio?aeueii?
/anoeie E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie”.

Iaoa ? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoa iaoeo aeine?aeaeaiue – anoaiiaeoe
iniiai? caeiiii??iino? oi?ioaaiiy ao?’yiiaeo eiiiiiaio?a
aa?io?oioeaiic?a o iin?aao iniiaieo iieueiaeo eoeueoo? o
iaiaeiaeiaeo ca no?oeoo?ith n?aici?iao i?e o?eaaeiio canoinoaaii?
??cieo niinia?a iniiaiiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo, aeia?ea ? aa?a?oeeae?a,
?ic?iaeoe eiiieaen caoiae?a ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie ia ao?yeiaiio iie?.

A caaea/o aeine?aeaeaiue aoiaeeei:

– aecia/eoe e?euee?niee ? aeaeiaee neeaae ian?iiy ao?’yi?a o a?oio? a
e?ioe? ae?oai? ?ioaoe?? ??cieo ca

no?oeoo?ith aeanyoei?eueieo ca?iiao?yeiaeo n?aici?i aeey ii??aiyiiy c
aeno?aeieie aeaieie;

– anaiiaeoe ci?io nooiaith ? oa?aeoa?o caao?’yiaiino? iin?a?a ??cieo ca
a?ieia?/ieie

aeanoeainoyie eoeueoo?;

– i?ine?aeeoaaoe aeeiai?eo caao?’yiaiino? oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a i?ae aieeaii
o?eaaeiai canoinoaaiiy

??cieo niinia?a ia?ia?oeo a?oioo, aeia?ea ? aa?a?oeeae?a;

– aecia/eoe ??aaiue oeiaei/eiiino? aia?ic?? iieeiieenoi? oa aae?iniae
ae??aiiea?oeiai?, ye? inoai?i

/anii c’yaeeenue o iin?aao oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?iaioe. Anoaiiaeaii aieea o?eaaeiai canoinoaaiiy
iaeiioeiieo i?eeii?a ? niinia?a iniiaiiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo, aeia?ea ?
aa?a?oeeae?a ia ci?ie cani?/aiino? a?oioo ian?iiyi ao?’yi?a oa nooiai? ?
oa?aeoa?o caao?’yiaiino? eoeueoo? a ??cieo ca no?oeoo?ith ca?iiao?yeiaeo
n?aici?iao. Aeyaeaia caeaaei?noue i?ae caao?’yiai?noth iin?a?a ?
i?iaeoeoeai?noth oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a. Aecia/aii aieea a?oioiaeo oiia ia
??no ? ?icaeoie aia?ic?? iieeii-eenoi? oa aae?iniae ae??aiiea?oeiai?,
anoaiiaeaii ii?iae ?o oeiaei/eiiino? a iin?aao oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. I?iaaaeaiiy
aeine?aeaeaiue a aaaaoioae-oi?ieo aeine?aeao oa aiae?c ?ai?oa io?eiaieo
aeaieo aeathoue iiaeeea?noue neeanoe iaoeiai-iaa?oioiaaiee i?iaiic
ci?ie e?euee?niiai ? aeaeiaiai neeaaeo ao?’yi?a o iin?aao eoeueoo?
??cieo ca no?oeoo?ith n?aici?iao i?e o?eaaeiio canoinoaaii? aeia?ea ?
aa?a?oeeae?a ia oii? a?aeaaeueiiai, aaca?aeaaeueiiai aai eiia?iiaaiiai
ia?ia?oe?a a?oioo. Iaea?eueoee eiao?oe??io aia?aaoe/iiai aea?aaeaioa (ui
na?ae/eoue i?i iaeneiaeueia iaaeeaeaiiy aei aia?aicaa??aath/i?
oaoiieia??) io?eiaii oai, aea i?ae oeoe?ia? ao?yee canoiniao?oueny
aeeaiea i?aiea, a i?ae ?io? eoeueoo?e ca?iii?inaiii? n?aici?ie –
aaca?aeaaeueiee ia?ia?oie ieinei??cii ia ??cio aeeaeio c aianaiiyi
aeia?ea o aeic? 9 o/aa aiith + N50?66E66 ia 1 aa n?aici?iii? ieiu?.
Caao?’yiai?noue eoeueoo? i?e oeueiio iaeiaioa.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a iieyaa? o ?ic?iaoe? noaie eaai?aoi?ieo,
aaaaoaoe?eieo, iiaeaeueieo, ae??aiiae?eyii/ieo aeine?ae?a, i?iaaaeaii?
iieueiaeo niinoa?aaeaiue o iieueiaeo aeine?aeao, a oaeiae a
aaciina?aaei?e o/ano? a ocaaaeueiaii? io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiue aoee c?iaeai?
aeiiia?ae? ia i?aeia?iaeieo oa ?anioae?eainueeeo iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo
eiioa?aioe?yo: aa?aieia?a, 3-4 eeiiy 1996 ?.,i. Ee?a, IAO; c ieoaiue
ioi?iie caiaeue, 10-12 aa?aniy 1997 ?., i. Ee?a,OAAI; aa?iaeieia??,
19-21 /a?aiy 1997 ?., i. Oiaiue, n.- a. aeaaeai?y; iieiaeeo
o/aieo, 6-7 aeiaoiy 1998 ?., i. Ee?a, ?inoeooo oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a OAAI;
ia can?aeaiiyo iaoiaee/ii? ?aaee ?inoeoooo oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a OAAI c
ieoaiue caiea?ianoaa oa ?ineeiieoeoaa ( 1996 –1998 ??.), ia can?aeaiiyo
o/aieo ?aae A?eioea?e?anueei? aeine?aeii-naeaeoe?eii? noaioe??, 25
aa?aciy 1999 ?. oa A?eioea?e?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo, 30 aa?aciy 1999 ?.

Ioae?eaoe??. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiue iioae?eiaaii 6
iaoeiaeo i?aoeue, o oiio /ene? 4 noaoo? o ca??ieeao iaoeiaeo i?aoeue oa
2 – o iaoa??aeao eiioa?aioe?e.

No?oeoo?a ? ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y aeeeaaeaia ia 230 noi??ieao
iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, aeeth/a? 48 oaaeeoeue, 26 iaethie?a ? 26
aeiaeaoe?a. Neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, 8 ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a oa
i?aeoe/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e. Nienie aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e i?noeoue 330
aeaea?ae, o oiio /ene? 50 ?iicaiieo aaoi??a.

Aaoi? aeneiaeth? ue?o iiaeyeo eieaeoeaai A?eioea?e?anueei?
aeine?aeii-naeaeoe?eii? noaioe?? ? eaoaae?e caiea?ianoaa
A?eioea?e?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ca oe?ii?
ii?aaee, aeia?ice/eea?noue oa iineeueio aeiiiiiao a i?iaaaeaii?
aeine?aeaeaiue ca oaiith aeena?oaoe??.

Ci?no ?iaioe

Oai?aoe/i? ia?aaeoiiae aeine?aeaeaiue ? iaoeiaa a?iioaca

A ia?oiio ?icae?e? iiaea?oueny ei?ioeee iaeyae ?acoeueoao?a
aeine?aeaeaiue c aea/aiiy aieeao ??cieo ca no?oeoo?ith n?aici?i,
niinia?a ia?ia?oeo a?oioo, aeic aeia?ea ? aa?a?oeeae?a ia
caao?’yiai?noue eoeueoo?.

Iaoa oa oiiae i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue

Iniiai? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeeny ia A?eioea?e?anuee?e
aeine?aeii-naeaeoe?ei?e noaioe?? (AAeNN) oa ia aeine?aeiiio iie?
A?eioea?e?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo (AAeAO).
Iaeaea? iaoeia? onoaiiae ?icoaoiaai? a oeaio?aeuei?e /anoei?
i?aaiaa?aaeiiai E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie. A?oio i?ae aeine?aeaie –
/i?iicai oeiiaee na?aaeiueiiiooaeiee iaeiaoioniee
aaeeeiieeoaaoi-eaaeinoaeeieiaee ia ea?aiiaoiiio ean?.

Aeine?ae ia AAeNN aoa caeeaaeaiee o 1973 ?. ia o?ueio ??cieo ca
noaiith /a?aoaaiiy ? neeaaeii eoeueoo? n?aici?iao: ieiaeici?iia – 40 %
i?inaiieo; i?inaiia – 60 % ? ca?iii?inaiia – 30 % i?inaiieo eoeueoo?
(Coaaiei A.O., 1982, 1989).

Aeine?aeaeaiiy uiaei aea/aiiy caao?’yiaiino? iin?a?a iaie
i?iaiaeeeeny ia ??cieo ca a?ieia?/ieie iniaeeainoyie eoeueoo?ao:
y/iaiaa?, icei?e ioaieeoe? ? oeoe?iaeo ao?yeao. Eiio?ieueiei aa??aioii
ia?ia?oeo a?oioo a on?o n?aici?iao aoea ??ciiaeeaeiia i?aiea. O
ieiaeici?ii?e n?aici?i? aeine?aeiei aa??aioii ? aea/aiiy aoaeoeaiino?
nenoaiaoe/iiai i?eeiai ia?ia?oeo ia aeeaeio 10-12 ni; o i?inaii?e –
ieinei??c ia oaeo ae naio aeeaeio, ye ? o eiio?ie?; o ca?iii?inaii?e –
eiia?iiaaiee, aea ia?ia?oie ieinei??cii aai aeeneiaith ai?iiith
/a?aoaaany c i?aieith i?ae oeoe?ia? ao?yee. Ia aa??aioe c ia?ia?oeii
a?oioo iaeeaaeaeeny aa??aioe aac aeia?ea, a oaeiae c aianaiiyi ia
1 aa n?aici?iii? ieiu? ca ?ioaoe?th 9 o/aa aiith + N50?66E66.
Aa?a?oeeaee canoiniaoaaee i?ioyaii ia?oi? ?ioaoe?? i?ae on? eoeueoo?e
n?aici?ie, o ae?oa?e – ca iaiao?aei?noth. Iiaoi?i?noue aeine?aeo
o?e?aciaa. Iin?aia ieiua ae?eyiee 228 i2, iae?eiaa – 100 i2 . O
aeine?ae? n?yee eoeueoo?e ?aeiiiaaieo ni?o?a.

Aeine?ae ia aeine?aeiiio iie? AAeAO caeeaaeaii o 1982 ?ioe?. Aei noaie
aeine?aeo aeeth/aii /ioe?e aa??aioe c ia?ia?oeii a?oioo (oaeoi?
A): A1 – ??ciiaee-aeiia i?aiea o n?aici?i?; A2 – nenoaiaoe/iee
aaca?aeaaeueiee ia?ia?oie ieinei-??cii; A3 – eiia?iiaaiee, yeee
ia?aaeaa/a? /a?aoaaiiy i?aiee, aaca?aeaaeueiiai ? iiaa?oiaaiai
ia?ia?oe?a; A5 – iiaa?oiaaee aeeneiaith ai?iiith. Ia aa??aioe c
ia?ia?oeii iaoiaeii ?icuaieaiiy ae?eyiie iaeeaaeaii aeaa aa??aioe c
aeicaie aeia?ea (oaeoi? A): A1 – aac aeia?ea; A2 – aeica aeia?ea,
?ic?aoiaaia ia io?eiaiiy 60 oe ca?iiaeo iaeeieoeue c aaeoa?a. O?ao?i
oaeoi?ii (A) aenooiathoue aa?a?oeeaee: A1 – aac aa?a?oeeae?a; A2 –
aianaiiy i?ae eiaeio eoeueoo?o ?aeiiaiaeiaaieo aa?a?oeeae?a.
Iiaoi?i?noue o aeine?ae? o?e?aciaa. Iae?eiaa ieiua ae?eyiie o?aoueiai
ii?yaeeo – 120i2. ?ici?uaiiy aa??aio?a ?aiaeii?ciaaii. Nai?
aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeee ia ii/aoeo ae?oai? ?ioaoe?? a ia?o?e eaioe?
n?aici?ie: eiithoeia – iceia ioaieoey – oeoe?ia? ao?yee.

I?ia?aiith aeine?aeaeaiue ia?aaeaa/aeinue aea/aiiy aieeao o?eaaeiai
canoinoaaiiy iaeiioeiieo i?eeii?a ia caao?’yiai?noue a?oioo ? iin?a?a
eoeueoo?. Iniaeeaa oaaaa i?e oeueiio caa?oaeany ia caao?’yiai?noue
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ? ?ic?iaeo caoiae?a ai?ioueae c iath. Noiooi?
niinoa?aaeaiiy, iae?ee, aiae?ce, aei??e i?iaiaeeeeny ca?aeii c
?aeiiaiaeaoe?yie ca caaaeueiii-?eeiyoeie iaoiaeaie ? iaoiaeeeaie (
Iaoiaee/aneea ?aeiiaiaeaoeee …, 1979; 1982; 1984; 1989).

Ci?ia oa?aeoa?o ? nooiaiy caao?’yiaiino? eoeueoo? n?aici?i c ??ciith
no?oeoo?ith iin?aieo ieiu

I?iaaaeai? iaie aeine?aeaeaiiy ia AAeNN iieacaee, ui ii??aiyii c
1973 ?. o i?inaii?e n?aici?i? caaaeueiee ai?no ian?iiy ao?’yi?a a
i?iiio oa?? a?oioo ciaioeany o 2,4 ?ace; o ieiaeici?ii?e – 2,1 ?ace, a
o ca?iii?inaii?e – 1,9 ?ace. Oa?aeoa?iei aeey i?inaiii? n?aici?ie ?
ciaioaiiy ai?noo ian?iiy ?aii?o y?eo ao?’yi?a (eiaiaea a?ea) oa
c?inoaiiy /anoee ei?aiaia?inoeiaeo (uaaath ai?iaeiiai, inio?a). O
ieiaeici?ii?e n?aici?i? /anoea ceaeiaeo noaiiaeea 7,6 %. Ca?eueoaiiy
aeaiaeieueieo ao?’yi?a (aei 10,3 %) o ca?iii?inaii?e n?aici?i?
a?aeao-aa?oueny ca ?aooiie aaaaoi??/ieo – inioo iieueiaiai,
iiaei?iaeieeo aaeeeiai.

*enaeuei?noue ao?’yi?a o iin?aao a ieiaeici?ii?e n?aici?i? ciaioeeany
ii??aiyii ?c ca?iii?inaiiith o 1,8 ?ace, a o i?inaii?e – a 1,6 ?ace.
Oeoe?ia? ao?yee aoee iaea?eueo caao?’yiai? o ieiaeici?ii?e n?aici?i?,
iaeiaio – o ca?iii?inaii?e. Ceaeiaeo ao?’yi?a ia ao?yeiaiio iie? aoei o
5 ?ac?a iaioa, i?ae aeaiaeieueieo. Caao?’yiai?noue y/iaith aoea
iaeiaioith o ieiaeici?ii?e n?aici?i?, aeaui a?eueoith – o i?inaii?e
? iaea?eueoith o ca?iii?inaii?e. Iceia ioaieoey ? iaea?eueo
caao?’yiaiith eoeueoo?ith n?aici?i. O ieiaeici?ii?e n?aici?i? c
iceieo ao?’yi?a i?iyaeany iaoetha cae/aeiee, ?c ceioth/eo – a?eoeeee
cae/aei?, eoae?yaaoeue Nio??. O i?inaii?e ? ca?iii?inaii?e n?aici?iao
e?euee?noue oeeo ao?’yi?a cia/ii iaioa. *?oei i?iyaeeany oaea
oaiaeaioe?y aieeao n?aici?i ia aeaeiaee neeaae ao?’yi?a: o ieiaeici?ii?e
ii??aiyii a?eueoa ?aii?o oa i?ci?o y?eo, a oaeiae eeoeoeaei?aiaaeo; o
i?inaii?e – ?noioii ciaioeeany e?euee?noue ?aii?o y?eo; o ca?iii?inaii?e
– cia/ii ca?eueoeeany e?euee?noue i?aaenoaaiee?a eeoeoeaei?aiaaeo,
ei?aiaaeuieo ?, iniaeeai, ei?aiaia?inoeiaeo.

Aeeaeia ? niin?a ia?ia?oeo a?oioo o n?aici?i? oa caao?’yiai?noue
eoeueoo?

Aeine?aeaeaiiyie, ye? i?iaiaeeeenue ia AAeNN ia ii/aoeo ia?oi?
?ioaoe?? n?aici?i (1975 – 1978 ??.), ca aeaieie N.?.Iaoooe?ia (1985
?.), aoei anoaiiaeaii, ui ia iin?aao iceii? ioaieoe? ia aa??aioao c
i?aieith o oa?? a?oioo 0-10 ni o i?inaii?e n?aici?i? ciaoiaeeeiny
20,7 oen. oo/i2 ian?iiy ao?’yi?a, ca?iii?inaii?e – 39,5 oen. oo/i2, a
ia aaca?aeaaeueiiio ia?ia?oeo ieinei??cii a?aeiia?aeii 37,7 oa 59,5
oen. oo/i2 . A iiaeaeueo? ?iee i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeo ai?no ian?iiy
ao?’yi?a o a?oio? ia aecia/aee.

Aiae?c aeaieo, io?eiaieo iaie o 1996-1998 ??., na?ae/eoue, ui
cai?ia ??ciiaeeaeiii? i?aiee o ieiaeici?ii?e n?aici?i? i?eeith
i?ecaaea aei ca?eueoaiiy iaeaea a o?e ?ace ai?noo ian?iiy ao?’yi?a o
oa?? a?oioo 0-10 ni. I?iaaaeaiiy o i?inaii?e n?aici?i?
nenoaiaoe/iiai aaca?ae-aaeueiiai ia?ia?oeo ieinei??cii ia oaeo naio
aeeaeio, ye ? i?aiea, i?aeoe/ii ia aieeioei ia ci?io ai?noo ian?iiy
ao?’yi?a ii anueiio i?iiio oa?o. O ca?iii?inaii?e n?aici?i? canoinoaaiiy
aeeneiai? ai?iie i?e eiia?iiaaiiio ia?ia?oeo o n?aici?i? i?ecaaei aei
iaeneiaeueiiai iaa?iiaaeaeaiiy ian?iiy ao?’yi?a o a?oio?, a cai?ia
aeeneiai? ai?iie ieinei??cii ni?eyea eiai ciaioaiith o aeaa ?ace.

O ieiaeici?ii?e n?aici?i? iai?ee?ioe? ae?oai? ?ioaoe?? ia iin?aao
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ia aa??aio? c ??ciiaeeaeiiith i?aieith
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy ceaeiaeo ? aeaiaeieueieo ao?’yi?a aoei iaeaea
iaeiaeiaei, a ia aa??aio? c i?eeith i?aieith caaaeueia e?euee?noue
ao?’yi?a aoea a?eueoith a 4 ?ace, i?e/iio ca?eueoaiiy i?ioiaeeei ca
?aooiie aeaiaeieueieo ao?’yi?a. Ia iin?aao y/iaith ia aa??aio? c
i?aieith ao?’yi?a aoei iaioa a 1,5 ?ace, i?ae ia i?eeiio ia?ia?oeo,
aea ci?i a ??cieoe? i?ae eeanaie ia a?aei?/aeiny. Ia iin?aao iceii?
ioaieoe? e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a ia aa??aioao c ??cieie ia?ia?oeaie
aoea iaeaea iaeiaeiaith. Ia aa??aio? c ??ciiaeeaeiiith i?aieith /anoea
aeaiaeieueieo ao?’yi?a o caaaeuei?e ?o e?eueeino? aoea a 13 ?ac?a
a?eueoith, ii??aiyii c? ceaeiaeie, a ia aa??aio? c i?eeith i?aieith – o
8 ?ac?a.

O i?inaii?e n?aici?i? ia iin?aao oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a i?e
??ciiaeeaeii?e i?aioe? ia?aoiaoaaeiny 7,3 oo/i2 ?ineei ao?’yi?a c
ia?aaaaeiith e?euee?noth aeaiaeieueieo, a ia aa??aio? c ia?ia?oeii
ieinei??cii – 24,0 oo/i2, a?eueoo /anoeio yeeo noaiiaeee ceaeia?.
??ciiaeeaeiia i?aiea o i?inaii?e n?aici?i? aeeeth/a? iiaeeea?noue
iiyae aaaaoi??/ieo ao?’yi?a. Ia iin?aao y/iaith ia i?aioe? ia?aaaaeaee
o 2,5 ?ace ceaeia? ao?’yie, a i?e canoinoaaii? ieinei??ca, iaaiaee,
a?aeaoaaeiny ??cea ca?eueoaiiy e?eueeino? aeaiaeieueieo ao?’yi?a. Ia
iin?aao iceii? ioaieoe? ia aa??aio? c i?aieith o caaaeuei?e e?eueeino?
ao?’yi?a aeaiaeieuei? aaea?/? ia?aaaaeathoue ceaeia?, a oie /an ye ia
aa??aio? c aaca?aeaaeueiei ia?ia?oeii ieinei??cii cia/ii a?eueoa
ceaeiaeo. A?aei?oeii, ui a oe?eiio ii n?aici?i? i?e ??ciiaeeaeii?e
i?aioe? ca?eueoeeany /anoea eeoeoeaei?aiaaeo (iiaei?iaeiee aaeeeee)
oa ei?aiaaeuieo (oaiu iieueiaee), a i?e nenoaiaoe/iiio ia?ia?oeo
ieinei??cii – e?euee?noue ei?aiaia?inoeiaeo (inio iieueiaee).

O ca?iii?inaii?e n?aici?i? ia iin?aao oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ia aa??aio? c
??ciiaeeaeiiith i?aieith o n?aici?i? ceaeiaeo ao?’yi?a aoei a 3 ?ace
iaioa, i?ae aeaiaeieueieo. I?e ii??aiyii? oeueiai aa??aioa c
eiia?iiaaiei ia?ia?oeii a?oioo o n?aici?i? a?aei?/aeiny caeiiii??ia
c?inoaiiy caaaeueii? e?eueeino? ao?’yi?a, o oiio /ene? –
aaaaoi??/iee?a. Aiaeii/an i?e oeueiio iaeaea aaea?/? ciaioeeany
/anoea aeaiaeieueieo. Ia iin?aao y/iaith ia aa??aioao c ??ciiaeeaeiiith
i?aieith caaaeueia e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a aei-nyaea 81,6 oo/i2 c
??aiith /anoeith ceaeiaeo ? aeaiaeieueieo; ia aa??aio? c eiia?iiaaieie
ia?ia?oeaie a?oioo caaaeueia e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a, ii??aiyii c
eiio?i-eai ciaioeeany, i?e/iio /anoea aeaiaeieueieo ooo ia?aaaaeaea
ao?e/?. I?ioa, ia oeeo aa??aioao c’yaeeeny aaaaoi??/i? ao?’yie. I?e
cai?i? ??ciiaeeaeiii? i?aiee eiia?iiaaiei ia?ia?oeii e?euee?noue
ao?’yi?a ia iin?aao iceii? ioaieoe? c?inea a 1,5 ?ace, i?e/iio
a?aeaoaa?oueny oea ca ?aooiie aeaiaeieueieo.

Iniaeeaino? ci?i oeaiico ao?’yi?a caeaaeii a?ae aeic aeia?ea

Ocaaaeueithth/e ?ai?oa iioae?eiaai? iaoa??aee ii AAeNN (Coaaiei A.O.
e ae?., 1984, 1988; Aa?ooaei E.A. oa ?i., 1994, 1996; Iaoooeei N.E.
e ae?., 1986), a?aecia/eii, ui ia aa??aioao aac aeia?ea o ia?o?e
?ioaoe?? aeine?aeieo n?aici?i ao?’yi?a o iin?aao aoei a?eueoa, i?ae
oai, aea aeia?eaa aiineee. I?iaaaeai? iaie aeine?aeaeaiiy a e?ioe?
ae?oai? ? ia ii/aoeo o?aouei? ?ioaoe?? iieacothoue, ui iacaeaaeii
a?ae oeio n?aici?ie ? niiniao ia?ia?oeo, ai?no ian?iiy ao?’yi?a a
i?iiio oa?? a?oioo ia aa??aioao c aeia?eaaie ii??aiyii c eiio?ieai
(aac aeia?ea) cia/ii a?eueoee ? ??cieoey noaiiaeoue a?ae 8,3 aei 13
oen. oo/i2 .

Eiaeai oaeoi?, ui aea/a?oueny o aeine?ae?, ii ??ciiio aieeaaa ia
caao?’yiai?noue eoeueoo? (oaae. 1). Oae, ia iin?aao oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a
1998 ?. ia aa??aio? aac aeia?ea caaaeueia e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a aoea
a?eueoith, i?ae ia oaeia?aiiio aa??aio?. I?e oeueiio aeaiaeieuei?
ao?’yie noaiiaeee 80 %. C aianaiiyi aeia?ea /anoea ?aii?o y?eo c?inea
aei 30 % ? ao?’yie oe??? a?oie noaee aeii?ioth/eie. Ia iin?aao y/iaith
ia aa??aio? aac aeia?ea i?ci? y?? noaiiaeee 50 %, ?aii? y?? – 20%, ? ia
?io? a?ieia?/i? a?oie (eeoeoeaei?aiaa?, ei?aiaia?inoeia?, aeai??/i?,
ceioth/?, icei? oa aoaia?e) i?eiaaeaei i?eaeecii ii 5 %. C aianaiiyi
aeia?ea caaaeueia e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a ia iin?aao y/iaith ciaioeeany,
aea i?e oeueiio /anoea y?eo ca?eueoeeany aei 90 %, eeoeoeaei?aiaa?
(iiaei?iaeiee aaeeeee) oa ceioth/? (/enoaoeue iaeiie?oi?e)
noaiiaeee 10 % a?ae caaaeueii? e?eueeino? ao?’yi?a. Ia iin?aao
iceii? ioaieoe? i?ae aieeaii aeia?ea caaaeueia e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a
ciaioeeany. ?noioieo ci?i i?e oeueiio o aeaeiaiio neeaae? ia
a?aei?/a?oueny.

O 1997 ?. ia ii/aoeo ?ioaoe?? a?aeaoeeny ci?ie o noai? aeine?aeo c
oaeia?aiiyi eoeueoo?. Oae, a ca?iii?inaii?e n?aici?i? ia aa??aio? c
eiia?iiaaiei ia?ia?oeii a?oioo, aea canoiniao?oueny i?aiea ?
ieinei??c, ia eiio?ie? (aac aeia?ea) ii/aee aiineoe aeia?eaa o aeic? 9
o/aa aiith + N100?132E132 c ?ic?aooieo ia 1 aa n?aici?iii? ieiu?. sse
iane?aeie, ia iin?aao iceii? ioaieoe? caaaeueia e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a
c?inea aei 209 oo/i2 , c ieo 87 % noaiiaeee aeaiaeieuei?. Ia aa??aio?,
aea iino?eii i?ioyaii iiia?aaei?o aeaio ?ioaoe?e aeia?eaa aiineee,
e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a ia iin?aao iceii? ioaieoe? aoea cia/ii iaioith (95
oo/i2 ) ? eeoa 1 % noaiiae-ee ceaeia?. O 1998 ?., aea cai?noue aa??aioa
aac aeia?ea ia iin?aao oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a aoea aia?oa aianaia
iiaeai?ia aeica aeia?ea (30 o/aa aiith + N160?200E200), ao?’yi?a oai
aeyaeeiny a 2 ?ace a?eueoa, i?ae ia aa??aio?, aea aeia?eaa aiineee
iino?eii o aeic? 30 o/aa aiith + N80?100E100. Ia iin?aao iceii?
ioaieoe? i?ae aieeaii

Oaaeeoey 1 – Caao?’yiai?noue iin?a?a n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo?
i?ae aieeaii canoinoaaiiy aeia?ea i?e ??cieo niiniaao ia?ia?oeo a?oioo,
oo/i2

N?ai-ci?ia Ia?ia?oie a?oioo o n?aici?i? Aeica aeia?ea ia 1 aa
n?aici?iii? ieiu? Oeoe?ia? ao?yee, 1996 ?. ss/- i?iue, 1996 – 1997 ?.
Iceia ioaieoey, 1997-1998 ??. Oeoe?i-a? ao?yee, 1998 ?.

Ieiaei-

ci?iia ??ciiaeeaeiia i?aiea Aac aeia?ea

13,7 48,8 172,0 25,0

9 o/aa aiith +N50?66E66 21,4 56,0 58,5 9,0

I?eea i?aiea Aac aeia?ea

19,6 132,6 334,8 47,6

9 o/aa aiith +N50?66E66 21,9 67,9 68,5 13,9

I?i-naiia ??ciiaeeaeiia i?aiea Aac aeia?ea

7,3 92,8 100,7 21,0

9 o/aa aiith +N50?66E66 14,0 77,8 63,6 15,0

Aaca?aeaaeueiee ieinei??cii Aac aeia?ea

24,0 213,2 162,2 134,8

9 o/aa aiith +N50?66E66 29,3 101,0 72,0 50,3

Ca?ii-i?i-naiia ??ciiaeeaeiia i?aiea Aac aeia?ea

4,6 152,7 147,8 20,5

9 o/aa aiith +N50?66E66 11,6 106,7 74,8 20,8

N50P66K66 8,3 71,8 40,2 17,3

Eiia?iiaaiee: ieinei??c + i?aiea

i?ae oeoe?ia? ao?yee Aac aeia?ea

9 o/aa aiith +N50?66E66 9,0 69,4 94,6 14,7

9 o/aa aiith +2 NPK – – 209,5 23,0

Eiia?iiaaiee: aeeneia?

ai?iie + i?aiea i?ae ao?yee Aac aeia?ea

6,9 189,8 – –

9 o/aa aiith +N50?66E66 6,4 81,5 99,2 20,0

9 o/aa aiith +4 NPK – – 154,2 18,0

iiaeai?iii? aeice aeia?ea e?euee?noue ?aii?o y?eo ao?’yi?a ia?aaeuoaaea
e?euee?noue i?ci?o y?eo iaeaea aaea?/?. Aeecueei 15 % a?ae caaaeueii?
e?eueeino? ao?’yi?a noaiiaeee ei?aiaia?inoeia?. Ia iin?aao oeoe?iaeo
ao?ye?a ia aa??aioao c o?eaaeei oa iaeii?aciaei aianaiiyi aeia?ea
?noioii? ??cieoe? o aeaeiaiio neeaae? ao?’yi?a ia niinoa??aaee.

Aieea aa?a?oeeae?a ia ci?io caao?’yiaiino? eoeueoo? n?aici?ie

O aeine?ae? AAeAO, aea aa?a?oeeaee aiineee i?ioyaii 15 ?ie?a i?ae on?
eoeueoo?e n?aici?ie, e?euee?noue ian?iiy ao?’yi?a a i?iiio oa??
a?oioo ciaioeeany ia i?aioe? – c 80 aei 68 oen. oo/i2 ; ia
nenoaiaoe/iiio aaca?aeaaeueiiio ? iiaa?oiaaiio ia?ia?oeao – c 99 aei
86-87 ? ia eiia?iiaaiiio – c 82 aei 69 oen. oo/i2 . O a?aeiinieo
aaee/eiao oea noaiiaeoue 15-16 %. *?oei? caeaaeiino? uiaei ci?ie ai?noo
ian?iiy ao?’yi?a o oa?ao a?oioo i?ae ae??th aa?a?oeeae?a iaie ia
aeyaeaii. I?ioa, ciaioeeany e?euee?noue ian?iiy y?iaeo ao?’yi?a,
c’yaeeeny aeai??/ieee (eoeieeoey a?ea), noaei a?eueoa iceieo oa
ceioth/eo (iaoetha cae/aeiee, o?e?aaa?iee iaiaoo/ee, oaeaaai iieueiaee,
a?eoeeee cae/aei?), eeoeoeaei?aiaaeo, ei?aiaia?inoeiaeo.

O?eaaea canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeae?a o n?aici?i? ciaioeei caaaeueio
caao?’yiai?noue eoeueoo? ? aieeioei ia ci?io aeaeiaiai neeaaeo
(?en. 1). Oae, ia icei?e ioaieoe? oa oeoe?iaeo ao?yeao nei?ioeeany
e?euee?noue aeaiaeieueieo ao?’yi?a, /anoea y?iaeo i?aeoe/ii ia
ci?ieeany, a ei?aiaia?inoeiaeo – ciaioeeany ia 25%. O?oioiene/i?noue
aa?a?oeeae?a ca?eueoo?oueny ia oaeia?aiiio oii?.

Aei ieoaiiy a?ieia?? ao?’yi?a

Ii??aiyeueia ioe?iea noaio caao?’yiaiino? iie?a i?aaiaa?aaeii?
/anoeie Ee?aueie iieacaea, ui ca 70 ?ie?a o iin?aao
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? oei caao?’yiaiino? ci?ieany c
iaei??/iiai ia iaei??/ii – ei?aiaia?inoeiaee. Iaie aeyaeaii 68 aeae?a
ao?’yi?a i?ioe 91, ca aeaieie ia?oiai oo?o ianoaaeaiiy
(A?iaec?inueeee I.E., 1928). Nei?ioeeany e?euee?noue ca ?aooiie oaeeo
aeae?a, ye iieueiaee /aniee, oii?eueea, iieei a?iieeiaee, a??/eoey
/i?ia, noieiein i’yeee, aeeoi?e oa aenthe, iaoo/ea iieueiaa, yniieea
aea?ienoa, e?oiea aaniyia, aeaaiee iieueiaee, ?ine/ea oa ?io?.
*anoeia ao?’yi?a ia?aaaaeaia o eoeueoo?i? ?ineeie (?eae?e, coa?iaea,
ethoea?ia aeiaoa, ao?eoi); cia/ii iaioa o iin?aao noaei oaeeo aeae?a,
ye ie??e iiaco/ee, aieioea neiy, oaiu iieueiaee, ?iiaoea iaiaoo/a,
oia?aaeue, ai?ioie iceiee. Iaeii/anii o iin?aao
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? noaee i?ia?anoaaoe nea?aaea
iie??aaeueia, a?aaaeueee cae/aei?, no??ieoey cae/aeia, ieineooa, ieo?e
necee, ?aaeueea aeeea. C’yaeeeny c a?oie ia?aceo?aiiaeoeoe?; ?aii?o y?eo
– aia?ic?y iieeiieenoa, ?ooea e?ea?nueea, aeaa??e aa?iee, aeiaoee inio,
iane?i /i?iee; i?ci?o y?eo – eenee/ea i?yia, aae?iniaa ae??aiioea?oia,
/a?aaoeue iaeii??/iee, eo?ae ?onueeee; aeai??/ieo – ??ciee cae/aeiee;
ei?aiaia?inoeiaeo – eueiiie cae/aeiee; no?eaeiaei?aiaaeo – o??iieoey
e?oiiiiiae?aia, iiaei?iaeiee eaioeaoieenoee; iiaco/eo – aeiaoaoeue
iiaco/ee.

I?iaaaeai? iaie ae??aiiae?eyii/i?, iiaeaeuei? oa eaai?aoi?i?
aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacothoue, ui aia?ic?y iieeiieenoa, yea ana
/ano?oa noaea iiyaeyoeny ia iin?aao oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a, e?aua
i?i?inoa? c aeeaeie 1-3 ni ia 8-9-e aeaiue i?ney n?aae i?e oaiia?aoo??
a?oioo 5 – 15(N, c? u?euei?noth 1,3 a/ni3 ? aieia?noth 60 % a?ae IA. Ia
i?i?inoaiiy aia?ic?? iieeiieenoi? iaaaoeaii aieeaathoue ei?aiaa?
?aooee oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ? iceii? ioaieoe?. Cia/ia cieaeaiiy
a?iaeaeiino? oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a i?iyaey?oueny i?e iayaiino? 3-4 ?ineei
ia 1 i. i aia?ic?? iieeiieenoi? o ?yaeeao ? noi?niiio ?o ?ino? i?ioyaii
i?nyoey.

Aeey aae?iniae ae??aiioea?oii? iioeiaeuei? oiiae o a?oio?
neeaaeathoueny ia aeeaei? 3 – 4 ni c? u?euei?noth 1,1 – 1,2 a/ni3 i?e
oaii?aoo?? 10-15(N ? aieiaino? a?oioo 80 % a?ae IA. Aeaeiiaoe/ii
aeoeaieie uiaei aae?iniae ae??aiiea?oeiai? ne?ae aaaaeaoe ei?aiaa?
?aooee oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a, a ?iaeeoa?aioieie – iceii? ioaieoe?,
eiithoeie, ai?ioo ? eoeo?oaece. Ia aieeaa? ia a?iaeaei?noue oeoe?iaeo
ao?ye?a iayai?noue o ?yaeeao 1 – 3 ?ineei aae?iniae i?ioyaii ia?oeo
20 aei?a a?ae aeiy noiae?a. O aeiaaeeo ca?eueoaiiy e?eueeino?
ao?’yi?a aai o?eaaeino? noi?niiai ?inoo c oeoe?iaeie ao?yeaie
a?iaeaei?noue inoaii?o cia/ii cieaeo?oueny.

Iniaeeaino? ao?’yiiaiai eiiiiiaioa o ao?yeiaiio aa?io?oioeaiic? oa

a?iaia?aaoe/ia ioe?iea a?iaeaeiino? oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a

E?euee?noue ceaeiaeo ao?’yi?a ii/aea ia?aaaaeaoe iaae aeaiaeieueieie,
ca?eueoeeany a?oia aaaaoi??/iee?a (inioe).

Cai?ia o ieiaeici?ii?e n?aici?i? ??ciiaeeaeiii? i?aiee i?eeith
i?ecaiaeeoue aei cieaeaiiy a?iaeaeiino? ei?aiaieiae?a ia 20 – 22 %
(oaae. 2); canoinoaaiiy o i?inaii?e n?aici?i? i?ioyaii aeaio ?ioaoe?e
iino?eiiai aaca?aeaaeueiiai ia?ia?oeo ieinei??cii cieaeo? a?iaeaei?noue
ia 30 – 32 %. Eiia?iiaaiee ia?ia?oie a?oioo, yeee ia?aaeaa/a?
/a?aoaaiiy i?aiee i?ae oeoe?ia? ao?yee c ieinei??cii i?ae ?io?
eoeueoo?e ca?iii?inaiii? n?aici?ie, ca?eueoo? o?iaeaei?noue
ei?aiaieiae?a ia 15 – 18 % ii??aiyii c a?iaeaei?noth ia aa??aio? c
??ciiaeeaeiiith i?aieith. Ii?aeiaiiy ae i?aiee c ia?ia?oeii aeeneiaeie
ai?iiaie caaacia/o? ca?eueoaiiy a?iaeaeiino? eeoa ia 5-7 %.

Naia ia aa??aioao c eiia?iiaaiei ia?ia?oeii a?oioo cao?eniaaia
caao?’yiai?noue iin?a?a oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a o iaaeao ieae/a ii?iao
oeiaei/eiiino?. Cieaeaiiy caao?’yiaiino? iia’ycaia c oei, ui i?e
eiia?iiaaiiio ia?ia?oeo aa?oiy /anoeia (0-10 ni) i?iiai oa?o a?oioo
iiaa?oa?oueny ia iiia?aaei? i?noea /a?ac 5 – 6 ?ie?a, a ca oeae /an
ian?iiy aaaaoueio aeae?a ao?’yi?a ao?a/a? naith noiae?noue.

Aeia?eaa i?ae oeoe?ia? ao?yee o aeic? 30 o/aa aiith + N80?100E100,
iacaeaaeii a?ae oeio n?aici?ie, aeeaeie ? niiniao ia?ia?oeo a?oioo,
caaacia/othoue i?eaaaeo o?iaeath ei?aiaieiae?a o iaaeao 153-215 oe/aa.
Caao?’yiai?noue i?e oeueiio ca?eueoo?oueny, aea iacia/ii. Aeeeth/aiiy c
iniiaiiai oaeia?aiiy aiith iaei ci?ith? nooi?iue caao?’yiaiino?, aea
?noioii cieaeo? o?iaeaei?noue ei?aiaieiae?a. Iaeii?aciaa aianaiiy
aenieeo aeic aeia?ea caaacia/o? i?eaaaeo a?iaeath ei?aiaieiae?a o
?ici??? 131 – 149 oe/aa.

?ic?aooiee eiao?oe??ioa aia?aaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? (Eaa)
iieacothoue, ui iaeaeuee a?i o ca?iii?inaii?e n?aici?i?. Cai?ia
aeeaiei? i?aiee i?ae oeoe?ia? ao?yee i?eeith aai aaca?aeaaeueiei
ia?ia?oeii cieaeo? Eaa, ui iia’ycaii ?c cieaeaiiyi o?iaeaeiino?.
Aianaiiy aeia?ea cia/ii ca?eueoo? aia?ai?ii?noue aeo?ao, i?ioa
eiao?oe??io aia?aaoe/iiai aea?aaeaioa i?e oeueiio c?inoa?.
Iaeneiaeueiiai cia/aiiy Eaa aeinyaa? ia aa??aio?, aea o n?aici?i?
canoiniao?oueny aeeaiea i?aiea i?ae oeoe?ia? ao?yee, a i?ae ?io?
eoeueoo?e – aaca?aeaaeueiee ia?ia?oie ieinei??cii ia ??cio aeeaeio c
aianaiiyi aeia?ea o aeic? 9 o/aa aiith + N50?66E66 ia 1 aa n?aici?iii?
ieiu?.

?ic?aooiie aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? iieaco?, ui aeecueei 65 – 75 %
aeo?ao i?eiaaea? ia i?eaeaaiiy oa aianaiiy aeia?ea. Oea i?ecaiaeeoue aei
c?inoaiiy nia?aa?oino? i?iaeoeoe?? oa cieaeaiiy ??aiy ?aioaaaeueiino?.
I?ioa, ca ?aooiie ca?eueoaiiy a?iaeaeiino? aaee/eia /enoiai i?eaooeo
a?eueoa, i?ae oai, aea aeia?eaa ia aiineee.

Aeniiaee

1.I?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacaee, ui ca aea? ?ioaoe?? inai?iiy
ca?iii?inaiii? n?aici?ie (30% i?inaiieo), ieiaeici?iii? (40% i?inaiieo)
? i?inaiii? (60% i?inaiieo) ai?no ian?iiy ao?’yi?a a i?iiio oa?? a?oioo
ciaioeany o 1,9 – 2,4 ?ace. I?ioiaeeoue oea ca ?aooiie a?ieia?/ii? a?oie
?aii?o y?eo ao?’yi?a.

2. Aeyaeaii aieea n?aici?i ia aeaeiaee neeaae ao?’yi?a o iin?aao
eoeueoo?: o ieiaeici?ii?e aeii?iothoue ?aii? oa i?ci? y??; o i?inaii?e
– ?noioii ciaioeeany e?euee?noue ?aii?o y?eo; o ca?iii?inaii?e –
cia/ii ca?eueoeeany e?euee?noue i?aaenoaaiee?a eeoeoeaei?aiaaeo,
ei?aiaaeuieo ? ei?aiaia?inoeiaeo.

3. Cai?ia ??ciiaeeaeiii? i?aiee nenoaiaoe/iei aaca?aeaaeueiei ia?ia?oeii
ieinei??cii aai eiia?iiaaiei (ii?aeiaiiy i?aiee i?ae oeoe?ia? ao?yee c
aaca?aeaaeueiei ia?ia?oeii i?ae ?io? eoeueoo?e) i?aeoe/ii ia aieeioei ia
ci?io ai?noo ian?iiy ao?’yi?a ii anueiio i?iiio oa?o a?oioo.

4. Caao?’yiai?noue iin?a?a ca?eueoo?oueny iaeaea o 4 ?ace, yeui
??ciiaeeaeiio i?aieo o n?aici?i? cai?ieoe i?eeith, i?e/iio
a?aeaoaa?oueny oea ca ?aooiie aeaiaeieueieo aeae?a. Canoinoaaiiy
nenoaiaoe/iiai aaca?aeaaeueiiai ia?ia?oeo ieinei??cii ca?eueoo?
caao?’yiai?noue iin?a?a oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ? iceii? ioaieoe? a?eueo i?ae
o 3 ?ace, ? a?aeaoaa?oueny oea ca ?aooiie ceaeiaeo. Aiaeii/an c?inoa?
e?euee?noue aaaaoi??/ieo ao?’yi?a, cie?aia ei?aiaia?inoeiaeo (inioo
iieueiaiai). I?e aeei?enoaii? eiia?iiaaiiai ia?ia?oeo o ca?iii?inaii?e
n?aici?i? i?iyaey?oueny eeoa oaiaeaioe?y aei c?inoaiiy caaaeueii?
e?eueeino? ao?’yi?a.

5. Ia iin?aao y/iaith oa iceii? ioaieoe? c aianaiiyi aeia?ea
e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a ciaioo?oueny a 1,5-2 ?ace, a ia iin?aao oeoe?iaeo
ao?ye?a, iaaiaee,- ca?eueoo?oueny. *anoea ?aii?o y?eo i?e oeueiio
c?inoa? ? oey a?ieia?/ia a?oia noa? aeii?ioth/ith.

6. Aianaiiy aa?a?oeeae?a i?ioyaii ?ioaoe?? i?ae on? eoeueoo?e
n?aici?ie ciaioo? cani?/ai?noue a?oioo ian?iiyi ao?’yi?a ia 15 – 16 %,
a caao?’yiai?noue eoeueoo? – ia 30-40 %. Ia oaeia?aiiio oii?
o?oioiene/i?noue aa?a?oeeae?a ca?eueoo?oueny.

7. Aia?ic?y iieeiieenoa ? aae?iniaa ae??aiioea?oia, ye? c’yaeeeny
inoaii?i /anii o iin?aao n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo?, o oiio
/ene? ? ia oeoe?iaeo ao?yeao, e?aua i?i?inoathoue c aeeaeie,
a?aeiia?aeii 1 – 3 ? 3 – 4 ni i?e oaiia?aoo?? a?oioo 5 – 15(N ?
10 – 15(N ? aieiaino? 60 – 80 % a?ae iieueiai? aieiai?iiino?.
Aeaeiiaoe/ii aeoeaieie aei oeeo ao?’yi?a ne?ae aaaaeaoe ei?aiaa?
?aooee oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ? iceii? ioaieoe?. Cieaeaiiy a?iaeaeiino?
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a i?iyaey?oueny i?e iayaiino? a ?yaeeao 3 – 4
?ineei ao?’yi?a i?e noi?niiio ?o ?ino? i?ioyaii i?nyoey.

8. Cai?ia o ieiaeici?ii?e n?aici?i? ??ciiaeeaeiii? i?aiee i?eeith
i?ecaiaeeoue aei cieaeaiiy a?iaeaeiino? oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ia 20 – 22
%; canoinoaaiiy o i?inaii?e n?aici?i? aaca?aeaaeueiiai ia?ia?oeo
ieinei??cii – ia 30 – 32 %. Eiia?iiaaiee ia?ia?oie a?oioo, yeee
ia?aaeaa/a? /a?aoaaiiy i?aiee i?ae oeoe?ia? ao?yee c ieinei??cii
i?ae ?io? eoeueoo?e ca?iii?inaiii? n?aici?ie, ca?eueoo?
a?iaeaei?noue ei?aiaieiae?a ia 15 – 18 % a?ae o?iaeaeiino? ia aa??aio?
c ??ciiaeeaeiiith i?aieith. Naia ia eiia?iiaaiiio ia?ia?oeo cao?eniaaia
caao?’yiai?noue iin?a?a oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a o iaaeao ieae/a ii?iao
oeiaei/eiiino?.

9. Aeia?eaa i?ae oeoe?ia? ao?yee o aeic? 30 o/aa aiith + N80?100 E100,
iacaeaaeii a?ae oeio n?aici?ie, aeeaeie ? niiniao ia?ia?oeo a?oioo,
caaacia/othoue i?eaaaeo a?iaeath ei?aiaieiae?a o iaaeao 153 – 215 oe/aa.
Caao?’yiai?noue i?e oeueiio ca?eueoo?oueny, aea iacia/ii. Aeeeth/aiiy
c iniiaiiai oaeia?aiiy aiith iaei ci?ith? nooi?iue caao?’yiaiino?, aea
?noioii cieaeo? a?iaeaei?noue ei?aiaieiae?a. Iaeii?aciaa aianaiiy
aenieeo aeic aeia?ea caaacia/o? i?eaaaeo a?iaeath ei?aiaieiae?a o
?ici??? 131 – 149 oe/aa.

?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ae?iaieoeoao. A oiiaao oeaio?aeueii? /anoeie
i?aaiaa?aaeiiai E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie o ca?iii?inaiieo n?aici?iao
aeioe?eueii canoiniaoaaoe eiia?iiaaiee ia?ia?oie a?oioo, yeee
ia?aaeaa/a? aeeaieo y?onio i?aieo i?ae oeoe?ia? ao?yee, a i?ae ?io?
eoeueoo?e – aaca?aeaaeueiee ia?ia?oie ieinei??cii c iaeii/aniei
aianaiiyi ia 1 aa n?aici?iii? ieiu? 9 o/aa aiith + N50?66 E66 (a o. /.
i?ae oeoe?ia? ao?yee 30 o/aa aiith + N80?100 E100 ). I?e oaeiio aa??aio?
caao?’yiai?noue iin?a?a ciaioo?oueny, a o?iaeaei?noue oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a,
iieacieee aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? ? eiao?oe??io aia?aaoe/iiai
aea?aaeaioo aeinyaathoue naiai iaeneiaeueiiai cia/aiiy.

Ia?ae?e ioae?eaoe?e ca oaiith aeena?oaoe??:

1. Iaaeianueeee A.A., Iaaeianueea O.A. Caao?’yiai?noue iin?a?a eoeueoo?
ca?iii?inaiii? n?aici?ie a ca’yceo c eiiieaeniei canoinoaaiiyi
iaoai?/iiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo, aeia?ea ? aa?a?oeeae?a / Ca??iee iaoeiaeo
i?aoeue Oiainueei? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? aeaaeai??. – E.:
Ii?a-i??io, 1997. – n. 207 – 209

2. Iaaeianueeee A.A., Iaaeianueea O.A. Aieea aeeaeie ? niiniao
ia?ia?oeo a?oioo, aeia?ea ? aa?a?oeeae?a ia caao?’yiai?noue eoeueoo?
ca?iii?inaiii? n?aici?ie / A?niee A?eioea?e?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo: Ca. iaoe. i?aoeue.- Aei. 2.- *.2.- A?ea
Oea?eaa, 1997.- N. 85 – 88.

3. I.I. Eieii??oeue, A.A. Iaaeianueeee, A.O. Iae?aoianueeee, O.A.
Iaa-eianueea. Ci?ia ao?’yiiaiai eiiiiiaioa a aa?ioeaiicao
oeaio?aeueii? /anoeie E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie /Nenoaia caiea?ianoaa o
ao?ye?aieoeoa?. Ca. iaoe. i?aoeue ?inoeoooo oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a OAAI –
Ee?a: Aa?a?ia iaoea, 1997.- N. 220 – 225.

4. Iaaeianueea O.A. Aieea n?aici?ie, aeeaeie ? niiniao ia?ia?oeo a?oioo
oa aeic aeia?ea ia caao?’yiai?noue ? a?iaeaei?noue oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a /
A?niee A?eioea?e?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo: Ca.
iaoe. i?aoeue. Aei. 3. –*. 2.- A?ea Oea?eaa, 1997.- N. 81 – 84.

5. Iaaeianueeee A.A., Iaaeianueea O.A. Ci?ia ?iaeth/ino? a?oioo a
ca’yceo c eiiieaeniei canoinoaaiiyi iaoai?/iiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo,
aeia?ea ? aa?a?oeeae?a o ca?iii?inaii?e n?aici?i? / Nia?aiaiiua
i?iaeaiu io?aiu caiaeue. O?oaeu Iaaeainoaea?noaaiiie iao/iie
eiioa?aioeee. Eeaa: NIIN, 1997.- *.3. – N. 197 – 199.

6. Iaaeianueea O.A. Aia?ic?y iieeiieenoa ? aae?iniaa ae??aiioea?oia a
oiiaao oeaiico oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a / Iaoeia? iniiae ae?iaieoeoaa
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a oa ?ioeo eoeueoo? ao?yeiai? n?aici?ie a no/anieo
aeiiii?/ieo oa aeieia?/ieo oiiaao. Iaoa??aee eiioa?aioe?? iieiaeeo
a/aieo. Ee?a. ?inoeooo oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a OAAI. – Eieaa 2. – 1998. – N.
74 – 80.

Aiioaoe?y

Iaaeianueea O.A. Iniaeeaino? ci?i oeaiico ao?’yi?a o iieueiaeo
n?aici?iao i?aaiaa?aaeiiai E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie a ca’yceo c o?eaaeei
canoinoaaiiyi ??cieo nenoai iniiaiiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo ? oaeia?aiiy. –
?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nue-eeo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 06.01.01. –
caaaeueia caiea?ianoai. – ?inoeooo caiea?ianoaa OAAI, *aaaie, 1999.

Aeena?oaoe?y i?enay/aia aea/aiith iniaeeainoae ci?i ao?’yiiaeo
eiiiiiaio?a aa?io?oi-oeaiic?a o iin?aao iniiaieo iieueiaeo eoeueoo? o
iaiaeiaeiaeo ca no?oeoo?ith n?aici?iao i?e o?eaaeiio canoinoaaii? ??cieo
niinia?a ia?ia?oeo a?oioo, aeia?ea ? aa?a?oeeae?a. Anoaiiaeaii, ui
a ieiaeici?ii?e n?aici?i? oi?io?oueny oaeee oei caao?’yiaiino?, aea
c?inoa? /anoea ?aii?o oa i?ci?o y?eo ao?’yi?a ? eeoeoeaei?aiaaeo; o
i?inaii?e, iaaiaee, – ciaioo?oueny e?euee?noue y?eo; o ca?iii?inaii?e –
c?inoa? /anoea ei?aiaaeuieo ?, iniaeeai, ei?aiaia?inoeiaeo ao?’yi?a.
Cai?ia ??ciiaeeaeiii? i?aiee ia nenoaiaoe/io i?eeo aai
aaca?aeaaeueiee ia?ia?oie ieinei??cii iaeaea o o?e ?ace ca?eueoo?
caao?’yiai?noue iin?a?a ca ?aooiie ceaeiaeo ? ei?aiaia?inoeiaeo. C
aianaiiyi aeia?ea caaaeueia e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a ciaioo?oueny, aea
/anoea y?eo i?e oeueiio c?inoa?. Ia oaeia?aiiio oii? o?oioiene/i?noue
aa?a?oeeae?a ca?eueoo?oueny. ?ic?aooiee aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? ?
eiao?oe??ioa aia?aaoe/iiai aea?aaeaioa iieacothoue, ui aeioe?eueiei ?
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy eiia?iiaaiiai ia?ia?oeo a?oioo, aea i?ae oeoe?ia?
ao?yee i?iaiaeeoueny aeeaiea i?aiea, a i?ae ?io? eoeueoo?e n?aici?ie
– aaca?aeaaeueiee ia?ia?oie ieinei??cii c aianaiiyi 9 o/aa aiith +
N50?66 E66 ia 1 aa n?aici?iii? ieiu?. Naia ooo niinoa??aa?oueny
iaeieae/a caao?’yiai?noue iin?a?a oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: caao?’yiai?noue, n?aici?ia, ia?ia?oie a?oioo,
aeia?eaa, aa?a?oeeaee, caoiaee ai?ioueae.

Aiiioaoeey

Iaaeianeay O.A. Iniaaiiinoe eciaiaiey oeaiica ni?iyeia a iieaauo
naaiiai?ioao i?aaiaa?aaeiie Eaninoaie Oe?aeiu a nayce n aeeeoaeueiui
i?eiaiaieai ?acee/iuo nenoai iniiaiie ia?aaioee ii/au e oaeia?aiey. –
?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa
naeueneioicyenoaai-iuo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 06.01.01 – iauaa
caieaaeaeea. – Enoeooo caieaaeaeey OAAI, *aaaiu, 1999.

Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia eco/aieth iniaaiiinoae eciaiaiey ni?iyeiauo
eiiiiiaioia aa?ioeoioeaiicia a iaiaeeiaeiauo ii no?oeoo?a
naaiiai?ioao i?e aeeeoaeueiii i?eiaiaiee ?acee/iuo niiniaia iniiaiie
ia?aaioee ii/au, oaeia?aiee e aa?aeoeeaeia. Onoaiiaeaii, /oi
niaeaaeaiea naiyi ni?iyeia a iaoioiii neia ii/au ca aeaa ?ioaoeee
inaiaiey i?iiaoiiai naaiiai?ioa (60 % i?iiaoiuo) oiaioeeinue a 2,4 ?aca;
a ieiaeiniaiiii (40 % i?iiaoiuo) – a 2,1 ?aca; a ca?iii?iiaoiii (30 %
i?iiaoiuo) – a 1,9 ?aca e aeinoeaea 42,0 oen. oo/i2. *aoei i?iyaeyaony
oaiaeaioeey aeeyiey naaiiai?ioa ia aeaeiaie ninoaa ni?iyeia: a
ieiaeiniaiiii – n?aaieoaeueii aieueoa ?aiieo e iicieo y?uo, a oaeaea
eenoaei?iaauo; a i?iiaoiii nouanoaaiii oiaiueoaaony eiee/anoai
?aiieo y?uo; a ca?iii?iiaoiii – oaaee/eaaaony eiee/anoai ei?iaaeuiuo
e ei?iaioi?uneiauo. I?eiaiaiea iaeeie aniaoee a ieiaeiniaiiii
naaiiai?ioa ii n?aaiaieth n ?aciiaeoaeiiie aniaoeie oaaee/eaaao iauaa
eiee/anoai naiyi ni?iyeia ii/oe a 4 ?aca. I?eiaiaiea aacioaaeueiie
ia?aaioee ii/au ieinei?acii a i?iiaoiii naaiiai?ioa oaaee/eaaao
cani?aiiinoue iinaaia naoa?iie naaeeu e iceiie ioaieoeu aieueoa /ai a 3
?aca, i?e yoii i?aiaeaaeatho ceaeiaua ni?iyee e oaaee/eaaaony eiee/anoai
iiiaieaoieeia. A ca?iii?iiaoiii naaiiai?ioa ia aa?eaioa n eiiaeie?iaaiie
ia?aaioeie ii/au, aaea aniaoea iiae naoa?ioth naaeeo /a?aaeoaony n
eniieueciaaieai ieinei?aca eee aeeneiaie ai?iiu iiae ae?oaea eoeueoo?u,
ioia/aaony oaiaeaioeey e oaaee/aieth iauaai eiee/anoaa ni?iyeia, a oii
/enea e iiiaieaoieeia. Ia iinaaao y/iaiy e iceiie ioaieoeu n aianaieai
oaeia?aiee eiee/anoai ni?iyeia oiaioaaony, a ia iinaaao naoa?iie naaeeu,
iaiai?io,- oaaee/eaaaony. Aianaiea aa?aeoeeaeia ia i?ioyaeaiee ?ioaoeee
iiae ana eoeueoo?u naaiiai?ioa i?eaiaeeo e oiaioaieth niaea?aeaiey naiyi
ni?iyeia a ii/aa ia 15-16 %, a cani?aiiinoe iinaaia eoeueoo? – ia 30-40
%. Ia oaeia?aiiii aa?eaioa oeoioiene/iinoue aa?aeoeeaeia oaaee/eaaaony.

Aia?icey iieuiieenoiay e aaeeiniaa iaeeioeaaoiay, eioi?ua iiyaeeenue a
iineaaeiaa a?aiy ia iinaaao naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo eoeueoo?, a oii /enea
e ia iinaaao naoa?iie naaeeu, eo/oa i?i?inoatho n aeoaeiu,
niioaaonoaaiii 1-3 e 3-4 ni i?e oaiia?aoo?a 5-15(N e 10-15(N e
aeaaeiinoe ii/au 60-80 % io iieaaie aeaaiaieinoe. Aeeaeiiaoe/anee
aeoeaiuie e yoei ni?iyeai neaaeoao n/eoaoue ei?-iaaua inoaoee naoa?iie
naaeeu e iceiie ioaieoeu. Nieaeaiea o?iaeaeiinoe naoa?iie naaeeu
i?iyaeyaony i?e iaee/ee a ?yaeao 3-4 ?anoaiee iaeiiai ec oeacaiiuo
ni?iyeia i?e niaianiii i?iec?inoaiee ia i?ioyaeaiee ianyoea.

Caiaia a ieiaeiniaiiii naaiiai?ioa ?aciiaeoaeiiie aniaoee iaeeie
i?eaiaeeo e nieaeaieth o?iaeaeiinoe naoa?iie naaeeu ia 20 – 22 %;
i?eiaiaiea a i?iiaoiii naaiiai?ioa ia i?ioyaeaiee aeaio ?ioaoeee
aacioaaeueiie ia?aaioee ieinei?acii nieaeaao o?iaeaeiinoue ia 30 –
32 %. Eiiaeie?iaaiiay ia?aaioea ii/au ii n?aaiaieth n eiio?ieueiie
?aciiaeoaeiiie aniaoeie oaaee/eaaao o?iaeaeiinoue ei?aiaieiaeia ia 15 –
18 %. Eiaiii ia aa?eaioao n eiiaeie?iaaiiie ia?aaioeie ii/au ioia/aia
iaeiaioay cani?aiiinoue iinaaia naoa?iie naaeeu.

?an/aou yeiiiie/aneie yooaeoeaiinoe e eiyooeoeeaioa yia?aaoe/aneiai
yeaeaaeaioa iieacuaatho, /oi oeaeaniia?aciui yaeyaony i?eiaiaiea
eiiaeie?iaaiiie ia?aaioee ii/au, eiaaea iiae naoa?ioth naaeeo
i?iaiaeeony aeoaieay aniaoea, a iiae ae?oaea eoeueoo?u naaiiai?ioa –
aacioaaeueiay ia?aaioea ieinei?acii n aianaieai 9 o/aa iaaica
+ N50?66 E66 ia 1 aa naaiiai?ioiie ieiuaaee. Eiaiii caeanue
iaaethaeaaony iaeiaioay cani?aiiinoue iinaaia naoa?iie naaeeu.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: cani?aiiinoue, naaiiai?io, ia?aaioea ii/au,
oaeia?aiea, aa?aeoeeaeu, ia?u ai?ueau.

Annotation

Pavlovska T.V. Peculiarities of forming coenosis of weeds in the field
rotations of crops of the right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine in
connection with the long-term aplication of various systems of soil
cultivation and fertilizing – Manuscript.

Thesis for a condidate’s degree in agriculture by speciality 06.01.01 –
general farming – The Institute of Farming of Agrarian Academy of
Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 1999.

The Dissertation is devoted to a study of the peculiarities of
weeds’changes in the main sown crops in various types of rotations. Also
prolonged influence of the main cultivation of soil, fertilizers and
herbicides on the weeds changes is studied. It is an established fact
that in the rotation with 40 % of sugar beets the amount of early and
late spring weeds and perennial weeds grows. In the rotation with 60 %
of sugar beets, on the contrary, the amount of spring weeds reduces.
With 30 % of sugar beets in the rotation the amount of perennial weeds
grows. If the tillage at depth will be changed by the systematic shallow
tillage or the tillage without inverting the soil, done by the
flat-cutter, it will cause increasing of cereal and perennial weeds on
the sown areas in three times. Applying fertilizers reduces the total
amount of weeds, but in this case the amount of spring weeds grows. In
the process of fertilizing of crops phytotoxicity increases.
Calculations of economic effectiveness show, that application of
combined management of soil in the rotation is the most expedient. The
combined management of soil includes: deep tillage for sugar beets and
the tillage without inverting, done by the flat-cutter, for the other
crops. 9 ton / hectare of manure + N50?66 E66 is brought in per 1
hectare of the rotation area. Especially with this management of soil
there is the highest amount of weeds on sown sugar beets. The amount of
weeds on sown areas of sugar beet at this management of soil is the
least.

Key words: weeds, rotation, cultivation of soil, fertilizers,
herbicides.

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