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Підбір високопродуктивних штамів і субстратів для вирощування печериці двоспорової (Agaricus bisporus /J.Lge/ Imbach.) в умовах України: Автореф. дис.

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IAOe?IIAEUeIEE AA?A?IEE OI?AA?NEOAO

OeECUe IEAENAIAe? IEOAEEIAE*

OAeE 635.82:57.063.8:581.52

I?AeA?? AENIEII?IAeOEOEAIEO OOAI?A ? NOANO?AO?A

AeEss AE?IUOAAIIss IA*A?EOe? AeAINII?IAI? (AGARICUS BISPORUS /J.LGE/
IMBACH.) A OIIAAO OE?A?IE

06.01.06 – iai/?aieoeoai

Aaoi?aoa?ao

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe

Ee?a – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia a Iaoe?iiaeueiiio aa?a?iiio oi?aa?neoao?.

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeaaeai?e OAAI, aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
iaoe, i?ioani? Aa?aaao I?ano THe?aiiae/.

Iaoe?iiaeueiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e iai/?aieoeoaa.

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, i?ioani?

Ooeuea?ia Ethaeieea Ieoaee?aia.

Oa?e?anueeee iaaeaaia?/iee ?inoeooo,

i?ioani? eaoaae?e caaaeueii? a?ieia??;

eaiaeeaeao n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe

Aa?ineiiaa Aaeeia Eaii?ae?aia.

?inoeooo iai/?aieoeoaa ? aaooaiieoeoaa OAAI,

caa?aeoaa/ a?aeae?eo cae?eoiai a?oioo.

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: Oiainueea n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueea aeaaeai?y.

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny « 22 » ethoiai 1999 ?. i 15 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 26.004.04 a Iaoe?iiaeueiiio
aa?a?iiio oi?aa?neoao? ca aae?anith: 252041, i.Ee?a-41, aoe. Aa?i?a
iai?iie, 15, iaa/aeueiee ei?ion 3, aoaeeoi??y 65.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? IAO ca aae?anith:
252041, i. Ee?a-41, aoe. Aa?i?a iai?iie, 11, iaa/aeueiee ei?ion 10.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee « 22 » n?/iy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Aaeaaaeei A.O. CAAAEUeIA
OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Oe?a?ia caaaeaee neaaeeany aaeeeeie caianaie
?no?aieo aeeei?ineeo a?ea?a. ? aei iaaeaaiueiai /ano iio?aaa ianaeaiiy a
oe?e i?iaeoeoe?? caaeiaieueiyeanue a iniiaiiio ca ?aooiie i?e?iaeieo
?ano?n?a. Iaeiae i?ney aaa??? ia *i?iiaeeuenuee?e AAN cia/ia /anoeia
oa?eoi??? e?a?ie caciaea caa?oaeiaiiy ?aae?iioee?aeaie, ? ieiua i?noeue
cai?o a?ea?a ciaioeeanue. O ii??aiyii /enoeo ?aa?iiao c eiaeiei ?ieii
c?inoathoue oaoiiaaii? oa ?ae?aaoe?ei? iaaaioaaeaiiy ia e?nia?
ianaaeaeaiiy – iniiai? i?noey cai?o ?no?aieo a?ea?a, ui coiiaeei cia/ia
ciaioaiiy ?o o?iaeath. *a?ac cacia/ai? i?e/eie niiaeeaaiiy ianaeaiiyi
oeueiai oe?iiiai i?iaeoeoo ??cei nei?ioeeinue. sse na?ae/eoue aeina?ae
aaaaoueio e?a?i na?oo, i?aeaeueoe aeaiee iieaciee iiaeia eeoa ca ?aooiie
ae?iuoaaiiy a?ea?a o niaoe?aeueieo ? i?enoiniaaieo nii?oaeao i?ioyaii
?ieo. Oea aeanoue ciiao ca?eueoeoe e?euee?noue oe?iii? aenieia?eeiai?
i?iaeoeoe?? ? aeicaieeoue caiia?aoe oa?/iaei io?o?iiyi, aeeeeeaiei
niiaeeaaiiyi aeeei?ineeo a?ea?a.

Iaeiioe?ai?oei aeaeii o na?oiaiio a?ea?aieoeoa? ? ia/a?eoey aeainii?iaa.
Aeey ?? oni?oiiai eoeueoeaoaaiiy aaaeeeaa iaoeiaa oa i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy
iathoue ieoaiiy i?eaiooaaiiy ye?nieo neioaoe/ieo noano?ao?a ? i?aea??
aenieia?iaeaeieo ooai?a. Caeaaeii a?ae niiniao eoeueoeaoaaiiy oa
aeaeiaiai neeaaeo ne?iaeie aeey i?eaiooaaiiy noano?ao?a eiaeiiio ?aa?iio
iio??ai? a?aeiia?aei? ooaie a?ea?a. Ia no/aniiio aoai? ?icaeoeo
a?ea?aieoeoaa a Oe?a?i? a?aenooi? ?aeiiiaai? ooaie ia/a?eoe?
aeainii?iai?, iaaeinoaoiuei aea/ai? ieoaiiy aeaioiaeaiiy ye?nieo
noano?ao?a c aeei?enoaiiyi a?aeoiae?a n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa oa
i?iieneiaino?. O ca’yceo c oeei aeieea? iio?aaa i?aeai?o
aenieii?iaeoeoeaieo ooai?a ? noano?ao?a, ye? a caaacia/oaaee aenie?
a?iaea? a?ea?a a oiiaao Oe?a?ie.

Ca‘ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie.
Iaoeiai-aeine?aeia ?iaioa ca oaiith aeena?oaoe?? i?iaaaeaia a?aeiia?aeii
aei iaoeiai-oaoi?/ii? i?ia?aie Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo
«?ic?iaea oaoiieia?e, cania?a oa oiia i?e?iee?iaoo aeey ae?iuoaaiiy
iai/aaeo eoeueoo? ? a?ea?a o iacaiieo i?ei?uaiiyo, ye? a caaacia/oaaee
a?iaeaei?noue iai/aaeo eoeueoo? i?ioyaii ?ieo aei 30-35ea/i2 ? a?ea?a
aei 60-100 ea/ i2 ei?enii? ieiu?». Iiia? aea?aeaaii? ?a?no?aoe?? 0198U
004001.

Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiue. Iaoith aeine?aeaeaiue aoei i?ae?a?aoe
ooaie ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? oa iiaeeai? noano?aoe, ye? a caaacia/oaaee
aenieo i?iaeoeoeai?noue a?eaa a oiiaao Oe?a?ie.

Caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiue:

aa?ia?ieia?/ia aea/aiiy ooai?a ia/a?eoe? aeey aeyaeaiiy
iaeia?niaeoeai?oeo c ieo ca a?iaeaei?noth oa niiaeea/ith ye?noth;

aea/aiiy o?ceei-o?i?/ieo aeanoeainoae ??cieo noano?ao?a oa ?o aieeao ia
??no ? ?icaeoie ia/a?eoe?;

anoaiiaeaiiy caeaaeiino? i?iaeoeoeaiino?, aaa?oono oa a?io?i?/ieo
ia?aiao??a ia/a?eoe? a?ae ooaio ? neeaaeo noano?aoo;

anoaiiaeaiiy aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? eoeueoeaoaaiiy ooai?a ia/a?eoe? ia
noano?aoao ??ciiai neeaaeo.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Aia?oa a Oe?a?i? i?iaaaeaia
eiiieaenia ainiiaea?nueei-a?ieia?/ia ioe?iea ooai?a ia/a?eoe?
aeainii?iai? ia neioaoe/iiio noano?ao?. Cai?iiiiiaaii iia? iieacieee
aeey aecia/aiiy yeino? ieiaeiaeo o?e ? aeeiai?ee ieiaeiiioaiiy a?eaa.
Anoaiiaeaii aoaeoeai?noue aeiaeaaaiiy aei neioaoe/ieo noano?ao?a ??cieo
i?aai?/ieo acioiai?nieo aeiaaaie. Aeiiiaiaii aeai? i?i aieea ooaio ?
neeaaeo noano?aoo ia ??no i?oeae?th, a?iaeaei?noue, niiaeea/o ye?noue
ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai?.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. I?ae?a?aii ooaie ia/a?eoe?
aeainii?iai? ? neeaae noano?aoo aeey eoeueoeaoaaiiy a?eaa a oiiaao
Oe?a?ie. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiue o Aea?aeaaio eii?n?th Oe?a?ie
ii aei?iaoaaiith oa ioi?ii? ni?o?a ?ineei ia?aaeaii iaei?iaeoeoeai?oee
ooai ?AE-25, yeee ca?a?no?iaaii a ?a?no?? ni?o?a ?ineei Oe?a?ie ia 1999
??e – Aaoi?nueea na?aeioeoai ? 764.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Aeena?oaioii i?iaaaeai? aenia?eiaioaeuei?
aeine?aeaeaiiy, oai?aoe/ia ocaaaeueiaiiy, aiae?c ? iaoaiaoe/ia ia?iaea
iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a o i?aeaioiaoe?
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe noaiiaeoue iiiaae 90%.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe. Iaoa??aee aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe aoei aeeeaaeaii a
aeiiia?aeyo ia iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?yo i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai
neeaaeo, iaoeiaeo ni?a?ia?oiee?a oa ani??aio?a IAO (Ee?a,1997;1998); ia
? I?aeia?iaei?e eiioa?aioe?? «Iaoiaeieiae/aneea iniiau iiciaiey
aeieiae/aneeo iniaaiiinoae a?eaia – i?iaeooeaioia oeceieiae/anee
aeoeaiuo niaaeeiaiee e ieuaauo i?iaeoeoia» (Aeiiaoeuee, 1997).

Ioae?eaoe??. Ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 7 iaoeiaeo
i?aoeue.

No?oeoo?a oa ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa neeaaea?oueny ?c
anooio, 5 ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae, yeee
iae?/o? 299 iaca, 7 aeiaeaoe?a. ?iaioa aeeeaaeaia ia 209 noi??ieao
iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, aeeth/a? 36 oaaeeoeue, 8 ?enoie?a, 6 oioia?ao?e.

Aaoi? aeneiaeth? ue?o aaey/i?noue iaoeiaiio ea??aieeo aeaaeai?eo OAAI,
i?ioani?o I.TH. Aa?aaaoo, aeieoi?o a?ieia?/ieo iaoe I.A. A?nueei, E.N.
Naaeoeuee?e oa an?i ni?a?ia?oieeai eaoaae?e iai/?aieoeoaa IAO ?
a?aeae?eo i?eieia?? ?inoeoooo aioai?ee ?i. I.A. Oieiaeiiai IAI Oe?a?ie
ca aeiiiiiao i?e aeeiiaii? aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe.

INIIAIEE CI?NO ?IAIOE

OIIAE ? IAOIAeEEA I?IAAAeAIIss AeINE?Ae?A

Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeee a oaii?iueeiiieoe? aeine?aeii? aace ?inoeoooo
aioai?ee ?i. I.A.Oieiaeiiai IAI Oe?a?ie i?ioyaii 1995-1997 ?ie?a. Ca
oeae ia??iae cae?eniaii 3 oeeeee ae?iuoaaiiy eoeueoo?e.

Aeey aeine?aeo c i?aeai?o aenii?iaeoeoeaieo ooai?a ia/a?eoe?
aeainii?iai? iaie aeei?enoaii 12 ooai?a, ye? caa??aathoueny a eieaeoe??
eoeueoo? aeueo ?no?aieo a?ea?a a?aeae?eo i?eieia?? ?inoeoooo aioai?ee. C
ieo 6 a?ei? ?ane: ?AE-4, ?AE-6, ?AE-13, ?AE-15 (eiio?ieue), ?AE-25,
?AE-32 oa 6 ei?e/iaai?: ?AE-1, ?AE-8, ?AE-24 (eiio?ieue), ?AE-28,
?AE-33, ?AE-46. Ooaie aea/aee ia noano?ao? ianooiiiai neeaaeo: nieiia
ioaie/ia – 1000 ea, iine?ae eo?y/ee – 800 ea, nieiaeia? ?inoee – 50 ea,
ea?aai?ae – 10 ea, e?aeaea – 15 ea, a?in – 60 ea.

I?e i?iaaaeaii? aeine?aeo c anoaiiaeaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino? Agaricus
bisporus ia noano?aoao ??ciiai neeaaeo aeei?enoaii ooai ei?e/iaai? ?ane
?AE-24 oa a?ei? ?AE-25. O cacia/aiiio aeine?ae? aea/aee oae? noano?aoe:

Aa??aio Neeaae, ea

Oii – eiio?ieue Nieiia ioaie/ia – 1000, iine?ae

eo?y/ee – 800, ea?aai?ae – 10,

e?aeaea – 15, a?in – 60

Oii + 50 ea ieaii? Nieiia ioaie/ia – 1000, iine?ae

ae?iaeie eo?y/ee – 800, ieaia ae?iaeia – 50,

ea?aai?ae – 10, e?aeaea – 15, a?in-60

Oii + 50 ea nieiaeiaeo Nieiia ioaie/ia – 1000, iine?ae

?inoe?a eo?y/ee – 800, nieiaeia? ?inoee – 50,

ea?aai?ae – 10, e?aeaea – 15, a?in – 60

Oii + 50 ea ni?aiai Nieiia ioaie/ia – 1000, iine?ae

o?ioo eo?y/ee – 800, ni?aee o?io – 50,

ea?aai?ae – 10, e?aeaea – 15, a?in – 60

Niin?a ae?iuoaaiiy eoeueoo?e – a iie?aoeeaiiaeo i?oeao, ?ie?noth 20 ea
noano?aoo. Iae?eiaith ae?eyieith neoaeea eiaeiee i?oie. Aa??aioe
?ici?uoaaee iaoiaeii iiaii? ?aiaeii?caoe??. Iiaoi?i?noue aeine?aeo
5-?aciaa.

Iae?ee, aiae?ce ? niinoa?aaeaiiy aeeiioaaee ca caaaeueiii?eeiyoeie
iaoiaeeeaie, ye? iaaaaeai? a e?oa?aoo??: Aunoea nuaaeiaiua
aaceaeeiieoeaou a /enoie eoeueoo?a (Aooaei A.N., 1988); Aa?ioeie/aneee
aiaeec: I?aeoeeoi (Ai?iaeiee I.I., Na?aethe A.A., Aea?aayi/oe A.I.,
1985); Iaoiaeu aeioeie/aneiai enneaaeiaaiey ?anoaiee (A?iaeia A.E.,
A?aneiiae/ A.A., ss?io I.I. e ae?., 1987); Aa?io?i?y: Eaai?aoi?iee
i?aeoeeoi (E?niaae A.I., Aeaaeaeaiei O.I., Iiena?iei A.I., 1994).
A?iiao?e/i? ia?aiao?e ia/enethaaee ye na?aaei? aei???a 20 ieiaeiaeo o?e
eiaeiiai aa??aioo. ?o u?euei?noue ae?aoiaoaaee ca oi?ioeith
cai?iiiiiaaiith I.A. A?nueei (1992), eiao?oe??io aaa?oono – ca oi?ioeith
N.O. Iaa?ooeueeiai c eieaaaie (1995). Eiao?oe??ioe iane, noaa?eueiino?
iane oa noaa?eueiino? aaa?oono aecia/aee ca cai?iiiiiaaieie iaie
oi?ioeaie. Iae?e o?iaeath i?iaiaeeee oeyoii uiaeaiiiai cai?o ?
caaaeoaaiiy ieiaeiaeo o?e. A?iaeaei?noue ia/enethaaee ye noia?iee aeo?ae
i?iaeoeoe?? c 1 i?oea ? ?iaeee ia?a?aooiie ia 100 ea noano?aoo.
Noaoenoe/io ia?iaeo ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue cae?enithaaee iaoiaeii
aeenia?n?eiiai aiae?co (Aeiniaoia A.A., 1985). Aeine?aee i?iaiaeeee a
eaia?ao c iaeiaeiaeie oiiaaie i?e?iee?iaoo. Aa?ioaoi?ea aeey an?o
aa??aio?a ?aeaioe/ia ca aeiyoeii ooai?a ? noano?ao?a, ye? aoee
i?aaeiaoii aea/aiiy.

AINIIAeA?NUeEI-A?IEIA?*IA IOe?IEA

OOAI?A IA*A?EOe? AeAINII?IAI?

Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiue anoaiiaeaii, ui ooaie ia/a?eoe?
aeainii?iai? oa?aeoa?ecothoueny iaiaeiaeiaith o?eaae?noth ?ieoaaoe??
iin?aii? a?eaieoe? oa oaeaee?noth ?? ?ic?inoaiiy a eiiiino?, ui,
eiia??ii, coiiaeaii ??ciith o?c?ieia?/iith aeoeai?noth i?oeae?th. Oea
ni?e/eiy? a?aei?iiino? o ianoaii? iine?aeiaieo oac ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo
eoeueoo?e. Iaeaeuith o?c?ieia?/iith aeoeai?noth i?oeae?th oa iaee?aueie
e?euee?nieie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie ?inoo a?aecia/athoueny ooaie a?ei? ?ane
?AE-6, ?AE-25 oa ei?e/iaai? – ?AE-8, ?AE-46. O?eaae?noue ?ieoaaoe??
iin?aii? a?eaieoe? o ieo noaiiaeoue 24-25 ae?a, oaeaee?noue ?inoo
i?oeae?th a noano?ao? 9,2-10,4 ii/aeiao. Iniiai? oace ?icaeoeo
eoeueoo?e: i?i?inoaiiy i?oeae?th ia iiaa?oith noano?aoo, oi?ioaaiiy
i?eii?ae??a, ii/aoie ieiaeiiioaiiy ianoathoue o cacia/aieo ooai?a ia 1-4
aeiae ?ai?oa, i?ae o ?aooe. ??cieoey o no?ieao ianoaiiy oac ?icaeoeo
i?ae aeine?aeaeoaaieie ooaiaie ia/a?eoe? cana?ae/o?, ui eoeueoeaoaaiiy a
iaei?e eaia?? aeaio ? a?eueoa ooai?a iaaeioe?eueia /a?ac iani?aiaaeaiiy
aeeiiaiiy iniiaieo ae?iaie/eo iia?aoe?e: iaianaiiy iie?eaiiai a?oioo,
iieea?a ? o.ae.

I?e oni?oiiio ?icaeoeo i?iieneiaiai a?ea?aieoeoaa ? iane/aii? ?eieo
i?iaeoeoe??th ia ia?oee ieai aeoiaeyoue iieacieee ?? yeino?, yea
aecia/a?oueny ciai?oi?i aeaeyaeii a?ea?a ? ?o a?io?i?/iei neeaaeii
(oaae.1). Cia/iee aieea ia ye?noue ieiaeiaeo o?e ia? e?euee?noue ?o ia
iaeeieoe? ieiu?, ui ieiaeiiineoue. Oae, aaee/eia a?ea?a, ye i?aaeei,
iaa?iaii i?iii?oe?eia ?o /eneo a aeai?e «oaee?» ui coiiaeaii
eiieo?aioe??th ieiaeiaeo o?e ca iiaeeai? ?a/iaeie, aiaeo, iia?o?y oa
?ioa i?ae /an ianiaiai aeic??aaiiy ? iaiaaeaiith e?euee?noth cacia/aieo
oaeoi??a. Anoaiiaeaii, ui iaea?eueoa /enei ieiaeiaeo o?e oa?aeoa?ia aeey
ae?oai? (16,7-37,1% a?ae caaaeueii? e?eueeino?) oa o?aouei? (16,1-30,2%)
«oaeeue» ieiaeiiioaiiy.

Oaaeeoey 1 – Iniiai? iieacieee yeino? ieiaeiaeo o?e ia/a?eoe?
aeainii?iai? ??cieo ooai?a, 1995-1997 ??.

Ooai Iana ieiaeiai-ai o?ea, a Ae?aiao?

oaieiee, ni Eiao?-oe??io

aaa?oono Ai?no nooi? ?a/iaeie, % Ai?no

a?eea, %

A?ea ?ana

?AE-4 27,6 4,9 0,82 10,29 4,05

?AE-6 28,5 5,0 0,90 9,66 3,67

?AE-13 25,4 4,5 0,73 8,82 3,40

?AE-15* 24,7 4,4 0,88 9,53 3,50

?AE-25 29,9 5,3 1,03 10,01 3,77

?AE-32 28,8 5,0 0,96 9,43 3,62

Na?aaei? 27,5 4,8 0,89 9,52 3,67

Ei?e/iaaa ?ana

?AE-1 13,5 3,3 0,24 10,06 4,34

?AE-8 20,8 4,1 0,65 10,22 4,47

?AE-24* 22,2 4,0 0,90 10,15 4,38

?AE-28 30,0 4,7 1,08 10,89 5,11

?AE-33 17,6 3,8 0,56 9,84 4,15

?AE-46 25,2 4,7 0,75 10,68 4,82

Na?aaei? 21,5 4,1 0,70 10,31 4,54

* Eiio?ieue

– ianna i?aeee, a. Eiao?oe??io iane a ?AE-25 noaiiaeoue 3,83, a a
?AE-28 – 3,85, ui iiceoeaii oa?aeoa?eco? niiaeea/o ye?noue a?ea?a
cacia/aieo ooai?a.

E??i na?aaeiuei? iane ieiaeiaeo o?e ? ?o neeaaeiaeo aeaiaio?a, aaaeeeai
ciaoe noaa?euei?noue oeeo ia?aiao??a o i?ioean? ieiaeiiioaiiy. O
a?eueoino? ooai?a iaeneiaeueia iana ea?iioi??a a?aecia/aia o ia?o?e
«oaee?» ieiaeiiioaiiy. Oea coiiaeaii iaeaeuei ai?noii iiaeeaieo ?a/iaei
o noano?ao? a oeae /an. Cia/ia ciaioaiiy ieiaeiaeo o?e o ae?oa?e, a a
aeayeeo ooai?a ? o o?ao?e «oaee?», iiynith?oueny ca?eueoaiiyi o oeae
ia??iae e?eueeino? a?ea?a ia iaeeieoeth ieiu?. A i??o noa??iiy eoeueoo?e
(/aoaa?oa-oinoa «oaee?») niinoa??aa?oueny ciaioaiiy e?eueeino? ieiaeiaeo
o?e ia 1 i2 ? ca?eueoaiiy ?o iane.

):

yeeo ia?aaeuo? 2.

Aaaeeeaith iciaeith, yea neoaeeoue aeey iiae?eo ieiaeiaeo o?e ia eeane,
ui aeei?enoiaothoueny a noaiaea?oao aaaaoueio e?a?i na?oo, ? ?o ?ici??e.
O iaoeo aeine?aeao iaee?aueie e?i?eieie ia?aiao?aie oa?aeoa?ecothoueny
ieiaeia? o?ea ooaio a?ei? ?ane ?AE-25, na?aae ei?e/iaai? – ?AE-28 oa
?AE-46. Aiie iathoue oaieieo ? i?aeeo iaea?eueoiai ae?aiao?o oa
iaeei?iooo i?aeeo, ui iiceoeaii oa?aeoa?eco? ?o oiaa?io ye?noue.

= 1,08).

) oa?aeoa?eco? na?aaei? i?iii?oe?? ea?iioi?a ca aanue ia??iae
ieiaeiiioaiiy oa ?o eieeaaiiy ca «oaeeyie» cai?o. Aecia/a?oueny a?i ca
oi?ioeith:

a?eueoee, oiaoi a?eae iathoue aeuo oiaa?io ye?noue. Iaei?eaaaeea?oee
ciai?oi?e aeaeyae o iaoeo aeine?aeao oa?aeoa?iee aeey ea?iioi??a ooai?a
?AE-6, ?AE-24, ?AE-25, ?AE-28, ?AE-46, eiao?oe??io noaa?eueiino?
aaa?oono yeeo ia?aaeuo? 1,5.

Oaeei /eiii, iaie anoaiiaeaii, ui iaee?aueie oiaa?ieie aeanoeainoyie ca
eiiieaenii ciai?oi?o iciae: ianith, e?i?eieie aei??aie,
i?iii?oe?ei?noth, noaa?euei?noth ia?aiao??a o i?ioean? ieiaeiiioaiiy,
a?aecia/athoueny ieiaeia? o?ea ooai?a a?ei? ?ane ?AE-6, ?AE-25 oa
ei?e/iaai? – ?AE-28, ?AE-46.

sse?noue i?iaeoeoe?? cia/iith i??ith aecia/a?oueny ?? a?io?i?/iei
neeaaeii. Ca ai?noii nooi? ?a/iaeie iaie aeae?eaii ooaie ei?e/iaai? ?ane
?AE-28 (10,89%) oa ?AE-46 (10,68%), na?aae a?ei? – ?AE-4 (10,29%) oa
?AE-25 (10,01%). Ia?an?/ii ieiaeia? o?ea ei?e/iaai? ?ane i?noyoue 10,31%
nooi? ?a/iaeie, ui ia 0,79% a?eueoa, i?ae a?ei?. Ai?no caaaeueiiai oa
a?eeiaiai acioo oaeiae ? iaeaeuei o ea?iioi?ao ooai?a ei?e/iaai? ?ane
?AE-28 (caaaeueiiai – 6,80%, a?eeiaiai – 5,11%) oa ?AE-46 (6,48 ?
4,82%), na?aae a?ei? – a ?AE-4 (5,79 ? 4,05%) oa ?AE-25 (5,42 ? 3,77%).
Anoaiiaeaii, ui ea?iioi?e ei?e/iaai? ?ane ia?an?/ii iaeiie/othoue
a?eueoa acioenoeo ?a/iaei ia 0,89%, o oiio /ene? a?ee?a – ia 0,87%,
ii??aiyii c ieiaeiaeie o?eaie a?ei? ?ane. Ca ai?noii oeoe??a iaie
aeae?eaii ooaie ?AE-8 (3,20%) oa ?AE-28 (3,15%), na?aae a?ei? ?ane –
?AE-6 (3,11%). Ieiaeia? o?ea ei?e/iaai? ?ane ia?an?/ii iaeiie/othoue
3,11% oeoe??a, ui ia 0,20% a?eueoa, i?ae a?ei?. Iaea?eueoa anei?a?iiai?
eeneioe i?noeoueny a a?eaao ooai?a ?AE-28 (7,79 ia/100 a) oa ?AE-46
(7,64 ia/100 a), na?aae a?ei? ?ane – a ?AE-15 (7,51 ia/100 a) oa ?AE-25
(7,43 ia/100 a). I?e oeueiio ne?ae cacia/eoe, ui a?eueoei ai?noii
a?oai?io N oa?aeoa?ecothoueny ei?e/iaa? ooaie. O ieo ia?an?/ii aeyaeaii
7,20 ia/100 a oeueiai a?oai?io, ui ia 0,42 ia/100 a a?eueoa, i?ae o
a?eeo.

Oaeei /eiii, iaee?aueie niiaeea/eie yeinoyie ca e?euee?noth iiaeeaieo
?a/iaei a?aecia/a?oueny ooai ei?e/iaai? ?ane ?AE-28. Eiai ieiaeia? o?ea
i?noyoue iaea?eueoa nooeo ?a/iaei, caaaeueiiai ? a?eeiaiai acioo oa
anei?a?iiai? eeneioe. Ia iaaaaaoi iinooia?oueny eiio ?AE-46. Na?aae
ooai?a a?ei? ?ane aeae?eythoueny ?AE-4 oa ?AE-25.

A?aei?iiino? o nooiai? o?aaeaiiy oai?iaaie ooai?a ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai?
? iane?aeeii ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo iniaeeainoae aca?iiae?? ?o c iaoiaaiieie
oaeoi?aie. Na?aae ooai?a a?ei? ?ane, caaaeueia o?aaeoaai?noue yeeo
noaiiaeoue 9,7-25,0%, iaeno?ee?oeie ? ?AE-4 (9,8% o?aaeaieo
ea?iioi-??a), ?AE-6 (9,7%) oa ?AE-25 (9,8%). Ieiaeia? o?ea eoeueoeaa??a
?AE-13 oa ?AE-32 iaea?eueo noeeuei? aei o?aaeaiiy oai?iaaie, ca ?aooiie
/iai ao?aoe ?o noaiiaeyoue, a?aeiia?aeii, 25,0 ? 22,9% a?ae iioaioe?eii
iiaeeeaiai a?iaeath. ??aaiue caoai?thaaiino? ooai?a ei?e/iaai? ?ane
ciaoiaeeoueny o iaaeao 7,6-11,3%. Ca no?ee?noth aei oai?ia na?aae ieo
aeae?eythoueny ?AE-46 (7,6%) oa ?AE-8 (7,7%). Caoaaaeeii, ui ooaie
ei?e/iaai? ?ane a?eueo no?ee? aei oai?ia, i?ae a?ei?. Na?aaei?e
a?aenioie o?aaeaiiy ieiaeiaeo o?e o ieo noaiiaeoue 9,5%, oiae? ye o
a?eeo – 14,8%.

On?i ooaiai, ye? aea/aeeny, i?eoaiaiiee «oaeeaiiae?aiee» oa?aeoa?
ieiaeiiioaiiy, eiee ia??iaee cai?o ieiaeiaeo o?e – «oaee?» /a?aothoueny
c /anii ?o aeic??aaiiy – «i?aeoaeeueiaeie» ia??iaeaie. Oea iiynith?oueny
oei, ui i?ney iiyae iaeneiaeueii? e?eueeino? a?ea?a ? ?o cai?o,
a?aeaoaa?oueny iiiiaiaiiy i?oeae?th iiaeeaieie ?a/iaeiaie oa aiaeith
aeey ?inoo iiaeo ea?iioi??a. O?eaae?noue iine?aeiaieo «oaeeue» cai?o
a?ea?a iaeiiai e oiai ae ooaio i?ioyaii onueiai oeeeeo ae?iuoaaiiy
i?aeoe/ii ia ci?ithaaeanue. Iaeaeiao? «oaee?» aeyaeaii a ei?e/iaaiai
ooaio ?AE-33 – 9-10 ae?a, iaeei?ioo? – a ?AE-46 – 5-6 ae?a. ?aooa
eoeueoeaa??a caeiaee ca oe??th iciaeith i?ii?aeia iieiaeaiiy –
o?eaae?noue «oaee?» 6-8 ae?a. sseui o?eaae?noue «oaeeue» ieiaeiiioaiiy
i?ioyaii onueiai /ano niinoa?aaeaiue caeeoaeany aeineoue noaa?eueiith,
oi ia??iaee aeic??aaiiy eiaeii? ianooiii? iaee oaiaeaioe?th aei
iiaeiaaeaiiy. Oae, yeui ?ioa?aae i?ae ia?oith ? ae?oaith «oaeeath»
ia?an?/ii ii ooaiao noaiiaeoue 3 aeiae, oi i?ae i’yoith ? oinoith – 6
ae?a. Oea, i/aaeaeii, iia’ycaii c iinooiiaei ca?aeiaiiyi iiaeeaiiai
noano?aoo, ui coiiaeth? iaiao?aei?noue o?eaae?oeo ia??iae?a aeey
iaeiie/aiiy i?oeae??i iio??aii? e?eueeino? iiaeeaieo ?a/iaei ? aiaee.

Ia??iae cae?aiiy a?iaeath o aeine?ae? o?eaaa 70 ae?a. Ca oeae /an
c?a?aii ea?iioi?e 6 «oaeeue». Aeiyoeii aoee ooaie ?AE-6 oa ?AE-33. ?AE-6
a?aeieiaeiiinea ca 5 «oaeeue», ui iia’ycaii, eiia??ii c aenieith
oaeaee?noth ooee?caoe?? i?oeae??i iiaeeaieo ?a/iaei. ?AE-33 ca 70 ae?a
anoeaaa noi?ioaaoe ieiaeia? o?ea eeoa 5 «oaeeue», ui coiiaeaii a?eueoith
o?eaae?noth o iueiai «oaeeue» ? «i?aeoaeeueiaeo» ia??iae?a.

Aaee/eia a?iaeath caaaeaee ? iniiaiei e?eoa???i i?e aeai?? ni?oo
aoaeue-yei? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? eoeueoo?e, o oiio /ene? ia/a?eoe?
aeainii?iai?. Ca a?iaeaei?noth na?aae ooai?a a?ei? ?ane aeae?eythoueny
?AE-6 oa ?AE-25 (oaae.2). ?o o?iaeaei?noue iaoaiaoe/ii aeinoia??ii
ia?aaaaea? eiio?ieue o eiaeiiio c 3 oeeee?a eoeueoeaoaaiiy ? ia?an?/ii
noaiiaeoue 14,05 oa 16,10 ea/100ea noano?aoo, ui, a?aeiia?aeii, ia 2,4 ?
4,45 ea/100 ea noano?aoo a?eueoa, i?ae o eiio?ie?. Na?aae ooai?a
ei?e/iaai? ?ane iaeaeuith a?iaeaei?noth oa?aeoa?ecothoueny ?AE-8 – 15,30
ea/100ea noano?aoo oa ?AE-46 – 16,40 ea/100ea

Oaaeeoey 2 – O?iaeaei?noue ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? caeaaeii a?ae
a?ieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae ooaio, ea/100 ea noano?aoo

Ooai 1995 ?. 1996 ?. 1997 ?. Na?aaei?

A?ea ?ana

?AE-4 11,90 13,70 14,20 13,25

?AE-6 13,25 13,95 15,0 14,05

?AE-13 8,05 9,75 9,50 9,10

?AE-15* 11,15 11,65 12,10 11,65

?AE-25 15,45 16,95 15,90 16,10

?AE-32 12,10 12,90 13,50 12,85

Na?aaei? 12,0 13,15 13,35 12,85

I??05 0,66 0,83 0,64

Ei?e/iaaa ?ana

?AE-1 9,05 9,75 10,30 9,70

?AE-8 14,05 15,75 16,05 15,30

?AE-24* 11,30 11,90 13,85 12,35

?AE-28 9,45 10,55 11,10 10,35

?AE-33 9,50 10,50 10,90 10,30

?AE-46 15,15 16,85 17,20 16,40

Na?aaei? 11,40 12,55 13,25 12,40

I??05 0,56 0,97 0,84

* – Eiio?ieue

noano?aoo, ye? ia?aaaaeathoue eiio?ieue, a?aeiia?aeii, ia 2,95 ? 4,05
ea/100ea noano?aoo. Caoaaaeeii, ui iaaeaeoea aei eiio?ieth o oeeo ooai?a
oaeiae ? ?noioiith a on?o oeeeeao eoeueoeaoaaiiy. Iaie ia aeyaeaii
nooo?aeo a?aei?iiinoae ca aaee/eiith a?iaeath i?ae eoeueoeaa?aie a?ei?
oa ei?e/iaai? ?an. Ia?an?/ii a?iaeaei?noue ooai?a a?ei? ?ane noaiiaeoue
12,85, a ei?e/iaai? – 12,40 ea/100ea noano?aoo.

Aiae?coth/e ?iciiae?e o?iaeath ca «oaeeyie» cai?o a?aei?/a?ii, ui
iaeneiaeueia e?euee?noue i?iaeoeoe?? a on?o ooai?a i?eiaaea? ia
ia?oo-ae?oao «oaee?» ieiaeiiioaiiy. Iaea?iaeaei?oith ia?oa «oaeey» ? a
eoeueoeaa??a a?ei? ?ane ?AE-4, ?AE-6, ?AE-13, ?AE-32 oa ei?e/iaai?
?AE-8, ?AE-24, ?AE-28, ?AE-33, ?AE-46. I?ae /an ?? i?ioiaeaeaiiy c?a?aii
a?ae 14,4% caaaeueiiai a?iaeath o ooaio ?AE-1 aei 35,2% a ?AE-24.
Iaei?iaeoeoeai?oith ae?oaa «oaeey» aeyaeeany o a?eeo eoeueoeaa??a
?AE-13, ?AE-25 oa ei?e/iaaiai ?AE-1. Ca oeae /an c?a?aii a?ae 17,4%
i?iaeoeoe?? a ?AE-24 aei 29,9% a ?AE-13. Ia?an?/ii ii ooaiao i?ioyaii
ae?oai? «oaee?» ieiaeiiioaiiy iaea?aeaii 25,7% caaaeueiiai a?iaeath,
oiae? ye i?ioyaii ia?oi? – 28,2%. Cacia/eii, ui iniiaia iana a?iaeath
a?ea?a iaaeoiaeeoue ca ia?oo-o?aoth «oaee?». Ca oeae ia??iae io?eiaii
a?ae 63,3% i?iaeoeoe?? o ooaio ?AE-1 aei 84,1% a ?AE-6 (o na?aaeiueiio
75,4%). O iiaeaeueoiio (a /aoaa?o?e-oino?e «oaeeyo») aeey an?o ooai?a
oa?aeoa?ia ieaaia ciaioaiiy a?iaeath, ui coiiaeaia ciaioaiiyi aeinooiieo
iiaeeaieo ?a/iaei ? aiaee o noano?ao?, noa??iiyi a?eaieoe?, iaeiie/aiiyi
i?iaeoeo?a iaoaaie?cio oiui.

O iao /an i?e ae?iuoaaii? ia/a?eoe? a eoeueoeaaoe?eieo nii?oaeao c
?aaoeueiaaiei i?e?iee?iaoii o?eaae?noue ieiaeiiioaiiy noaiiaeoue, ye
i?aaeei, 5-6 oeaei?a. Ca iaoeie aeaieie i?e 40-aeaiiiio ia??iae?
cae?aiiy iaea?eueoith a?iaeaei?noth, ye ? i?e 70-aeaiiiio,
a?aecia/athoueny ooaie a?ei? ?ane ?AE-6 (13,05 ea/100 ea noano?aoo) e
?AE-25 (15,20 ea/100 ea noano?aoo) oa ei?e/iaai? ?AE-8 (13,10 ea/100 ea
noano?aoo) e ?AE-46 (15,15 ea/100 ea noano?aoo), ye? ?noioii
ia?aaaaeathoue a?iaeaei?noue ?aooe ooai?a. Ia?an?/ii ca 3 ?iee
eoeueoeaoaaiiy a?iaeae ca 40 aei?a cai?o caeaaeii a?ae ooaio noaiiaeoue
77,3-94,4% a?ae caaaeueiiai. Iaea?eueoee a?aenioie i?iaeoeoe?? ca oeae
ia??iae io?eiaii o a?eeo eoeueoeaa??a ?AE-6 oa ?AE-25 e ei?e/iaaiai
?AE-46, a?aeiia?aeii, 92,9%, 94,4% ? 92,4%.

Iaie oaeiae aeyaeaii a?aei?iiino? ca e?euee?noth noaiaea?oii? oa
ianoaiaea?oii? i?iaeoeoe?? i?ae ooaiaie, ui aea/aeeny. A?aenioie ?o
oiaa?iino? ciaoiaeeoueny a iaaeao 79,1-93,0%. Iaea?eueoei a?i ? o ooai?a
?AE-6 (91,5%), ?AE-8 (91,4%), ?AE-25 (92,8%) oa ?AE-46 (93,0%).
Iaea??oeie iieacieeaie oiaa?ii? yeino? a?iaeath oa?aeoa?ecothoueny
eoeueoeaa?e ?AE-13 (79,1%), ?AE-32 (84,4%) oa ?AE-33 (86,5%). Ooaie
?AE-32 e ?AE-33 iathoue aaaaoi a?aee?eoeo ieiaeiaeo o?e, a?aeiia?aeii,
8,6 ? 5,8% a?ae caaaeueii? e?eueeino?, a ?AE-13 – aaaaoi a?aee?eoeo
(7,0%) ? iioeiaeaeaieo oai?iaaie (8,8%).

I?IAeOEOEAI?NOUe IA*A?EOe? AeAINII?IAI?

IA NOANO?AOAO ??CIIAI NEEAAeO

Neeaaeiaeie aeaiaioaie noano?ao?a canoiniaaii iaoa??aee, ye? caeaoi?
iiai?noth caaacia/eoe iio?aao a?eaa a iiaeeaieo ?a/iaeiao. O yeino?
iniiaiiai aeaea?aea aoaeaoeaaiai aeeaeaiiy aeei?enoaii nieiio iceii?
ioaieoe?, ai?no aoaeaoeth a ye?e noaiiaeoue 49,1%. Iniiaiei aeaea?aeii
acioo ? eo?y/ee iine?ae, yeee i?noeoue 4,18 % oeueiai aeaiaioo. sse
i?aai?/i? acioiai?ni? aeiaeaoee iaie aei?iaoaaii ieaio ae?iaeio,
nieiaeia? ?inoee oa ni?aee o?io, e?euee?noue acioo a yeeo noaiiaeoue,
a?aeiia?aeii, 3,81, 4,54 ? 7,58%.

Iieacieee aa?io?i?/iiai noaio noano?ao?a a?ae?a?athoue aaaeeeao ?ieue o
i?ioean? ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo ia/a?eoe?. I?ney ianoa?ecaoe?? ?
eiiaeeoe?iioaaiiy noano?aoe oa?aeoa?ecothoueny aieia?noth 68,1-68,9%, ?I
aiaeyii? aeoyaeee 7,4-7,7. Ai?no caaaeueiiai oa a?eeiaiai acioo
noaiiaeoue, a?aeiia?aeii, 1,86-2,30% ? 1,52-1,92%. Aianaiiy acioiai?nieo
aeiaeaoe?a ni?ey? c?inoaiith e?eueeino? caaaeueiiai acioo ia 0,05-0,44
%, a?eeiaiai – ia 0,07-0,40%. Iaea?eueoa caaaeueiiai acioo i?noeoue
noano?ao oii+50 ea ni?aiai o?ioo – 2,30%, a a?eeiaiai, yeee ? iniiaiei
aeaea?aeii aeeaeaiiy ia/a?eoe? – oii+50 ea nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a – 1,92%.
E?euee?noue oinoi?o i?ney ianoa?ecaoe?? noaiiaeoue 1,03-1,08%, eae?th
1,25-1,38%. Ni?aa?aeiioaiiy iniiaieo aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy (N:P:K) o
aeine?aeaeoaaieo noano?aoao ianooiia: oii-eiio?ieue – 1,8:1:1,2, oii+50
ea ieaii? ae?iaeie – 1,8:1:1,3, oii+50 ea nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a –
2,0:1:1,2, oii+50 ea ni?aiai o?ioo – 2,2:1:1,3.

E?euee?noue aaeoa??e ? aeoeiii?oeao?a, ye? aecia/athoue ?ioaineai?noue
i?e?ia?ieia?/ieo i?ioean?a o eiiiinoao, caeaaeeoue a?ae ?o neeaaeo.
Aianaiiy acioiai?nieo aeiaeaoe?a ni?ey? ca?eueoaiith e?eueeino?
oa?iio?eueieo aaeoa??e ia 20,6-50,4%, aeoeiii?oeao?a – ia 14,4-28,8%, ui
coiiaeaii c?inoaiiyi o oeeo aa??aioao ai?noo aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy.
Iaea?eueoa i?e?ii?aai?ci?a ca?a?no?iaaii o noano?ao? oii+50 ea
nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a: 409 iei. aaeoa??e ? 57,2 iei. aeoeiii?oeao?a ia 1 a
noano?aoo. Ie?naiaaeo a?ea?a, ye? ? eiieo?aioaie ei?enii? i?e?ioei?e,
i?ney ianoa?ecaoe?? ? eiiaeeoe?iioaaiiy ia aeyaeaii.

?ioaineai?noue i?e?ia?ieia?/ieo i?ioean?a aieeaa? ia ye?noue
oa?iaioaoe?e o eiio?ieueiaaieo oiiaao. Aianaiiy acioiai?nieo aeiaeaoe?a
ni?ey? aeoea?caoe?? oa?iaioaoe??, ui iicia/a?oueny ia o?ce/ieo
aeanoeainoyo noano?ao?a. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie i?aaiieaioe/ii? ioe?iee
anoaiiaeaii, ui eiiiinoe 2-4 aa??aio?a oa?aeoa?ecothoueny e?aueie
o?ce/ieie aeanoeainoyie ii??aiyii c eiio?ieai. Aianaiiy acioiai?nieo
aeiaaaie ni?ey? oaeiae i?aeaeuaiith oaiia?aoo?e noano?ao?a o ia??iae
aaaaoaoe?? ia/a?eoe?, ui iiceoeaii aieeaa? ia i?eaeeaethaai?noue ?
?ic?inoaiiy i?oeae?th. Iaeaeuith oaiia?aoo?ith oa?aeoa?eco?oueny eiiiino
oii+50 ea nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a. O iueiio ca?a?no?iaaii iaea?eueoo
oaeaee?noue ?inoo a?eaieoe?:9,0 ii/aeiao a ooaio ?AE-24 e 10,4 ii/aeiao
a ?AE-25. A?eueoa oaeaee?noue ?inoo i?oeae?th ni?ey? a?eueo ?aiiueiio
ianoaiith o?c?ieia?/ieo oac ?icaeoeo eoeueoo?e. Aianaiiy acioiai?nieo
aeiaaaie ni?e/eiy? i?i?inoaiiy i?oeae?th, oi?ioaaiiy i?eii?ae??a ?
ii/aoie ieiaeiiioaiiy ia 1-3 aeiae ?ai?oa, i?ae ia eiio?ie?. Iaeoaeaeoa
o?c?ieia?/i? oace ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo ?icii/eiathoueny i?e aeei?enoaii?
noano?aoo oii+50 ea nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a: i?i?inoaiiy i?oeae?th ia
iiaa?oith noano?aoo – ia 14-16 aeiao, oi?ioaaiiy i?eii?ae??a – ia 25-28
aeiao, ii/aoie ieiaeiiioaiiy – ia 31-33 aeiao i?ney ?iieoeyoe??.
Canoinoaaiiy acioiai?nieo aeiaeaoe?a ni?ey? oaeiae nei?i/aiith ia??iaeo
ieiaeiiioaiiy ia 2-9 ae?a.

Aaa?ooni? ia?aiao?e ieiaeiaeo o?e ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? caeaaeaoue a?ae
neeaaeo noano?aoo. Aianaiiy acioiai?nieo aeiaaaie ni?ey? iie?auaiith
oiaa?ieo yeinoae a?ea?a. O ieo ca?eueoo?oueny ae?aiao? oaieiee, ae?aiao?
i?aeee, eiao?oe??io aaa?oono ? na?aaeiy iana. Iaee?au? oiaa?i? yeino?
a?aecia/aii o ieiaeiaeo o?e, ae?iuaieo ia noano?ao? oii+50 ea nieiaeiaeo
?inoe?a. Aiie iathoue oaieieo ae?aiao?ii 4,0 ni (?AE-24) ? 5,3 ni
(?AE-25); ae?aiao? i?aeee noaiiaeoue 2,0 ni (?AE-24) ? 2,3 ni (?AE-25);
eiao?oe??io aaa?oono – 0,90 (?AE-24) ? 1,03 (?AE-25); na?aaeiy iana 22,2
a (?AE-24) ? 29,9 a (?AE-25).

A?iaeaei?noue ca 70-aeaiiee ? 40-aeaiiee ia??iae cae?aiiy caeaaeeoue
a?ae neeaaeo noano?aoo. Aianaiiy acioiai?nieo aeiaeaoe?a ni?ey?
c?inoaiith a?iaeaeiino? ia 0,6-2,25 ea/100 ea noano?aoo i?e 70-aeaiiiio
ia??iae? ieiaeiiioaiiy (oaae. 3) ? 1,08-3,90 ea/100 ea noano?aoo –
i?e 40-aeaiiiio.

Oaaeeoey 3 – O?iaeaei?noue ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? caeaaeii a?ae neeaaeo
noano?ao?a, ea/100 ea noano?aoo

Noano?ao ?AE-24 ?AE-25

1995 ?. 1996 ?. 1997 ?. Na?aaei? 1995 ?. 1996 ?. 1997 ?. Na?aaei?

Oii-eiio?ieue 10,20 10,55 10,90 10,55 12,40 14,90 14,25 13,85

Oii+50 ea ieaii? ae?iaeie 10,80 11,05 11,60 11,15 13,40 16,10 15,35
14,95

Oii+50 ea nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a 11,30 11,90 13,85 12,35 15,45 16,95 15,90
16,10

Oii+50 ea ni?aiai o?ioo 10,90 11,30 13,05 11,75 14,25 16,30 15,50 15,35

I??05 0,65 0,68 0,77

1,04 1,28 1,12

Iaea?eueoith i?iaeoeoeai?noth a?aecia/a?oueny eiiiino oii+50 ea
nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a, ui coiiaeaii iaea?eueoei ai?noii o iueiio a?eeiaiai
acioo ? iioeiaeueiei ni?aa?aeiioaiiyi N:P:K. I?e eiai canoinoaaii?
a?iaeaei?noue ?noioii ca?eueoo?oueny, ia 17,1% o ooaio ?AE-24 oa 16,2%
– a ?AE-25. sseui ia??iae ieiaeiiioaiiyi iaiaaeeoe 40 aeiyie, oi
iaaeaeoea a?iaeath ia oeueiio noano?ao? noaiiaeoue, a?aeiia?aeii, 32,7 ?
34,5%, ui coiiaeaii ?ioaineai?oith a?aeaea/ath a?iaeath eiiiinoaie, a
ye? aiineee acioiai?ni? aeiaeaoee. Oea aeicaiey? o aeiaaeeo ?o
canoinoaaiiy ca 40 ae?a ieiaeiiioaiiy io?eiaoe 79,1-83,8% i?iaeoeoe??
a?ae caaaeueii? o ooaio ?AE-24 ? 88,8-94,4% – a ?AE-25, oiae? ye o
eiio?ie? oe? iieacieee noaiiaeyoue, a?aeiia?aeii, 73,9 ? 81,6%.

A?io?i?/iee neeaae a?ea?a oaeiae caeaaeeoue a?ae aeei?enoiaoaaieo
noano?ao?a. Aianaiiy i?aai?/ieo acioiai?nieo aeiaaaie ni?ey?
ca?eueoaiith e?eueeino? nooi? ?a/iaeie ia 0,47-1,09%, a?eea – ia
0,23-0,61%, oeoe??a – ia 0,25-0,49 ia/100 a. Iaea?eueoa ?o
iaeiie/o?oueny o ieiaeiaeo o?eao, ae?iuaieo ia noano?ao? oii+50 ea
nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a: nooi? ?a/iaeie – 10,15 ? 10,01 %, a?eea – 4,38 ?
3,77%, oeoe??a – 3,09 ? 2,88 % caeaaeii a?ae ooaio. Ai?no anei?a?iiai?
eeneioe a ieiaeiaeo o?eao caeaaeeoue a?ae neeaaeo noano?aoo, aea
caeiiii??iinoae ?? iaeiie/aiiy ia aeyaeaii. E?euee?noue oeueiai a?oai?io
noaiiaeoue 6,15-7,76 ia/100 a. Ai?no i?o?ao?a o aeine?aeaeoaaieo
ea?iioi?ao ia caeaaeeoue a?ae ooaio, aeaeo noano?aoo oa «oaee?»
ieiaeiiioaiiy ? ciaoiaeeoueny a aacia/i?e aeey i?aai?cio ethaeeie
e?eueeino? – 29,08-29,60 ia/ea.

Oaeei /eiii, iaie anoaiiaeaii, ui aianaiiy o noano?aoe acioiai?nieo
aeiaeaoe?a aeicaiey? ca?eueoeoe i?iaeoeoeai?noue ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai?.
Iaee?au? ?acoeueoaoe iaea?aeaii i?e aeei?enoaii? noano?aoo a neeaae?:
nieiia ioaie/ia – 1000 ea, iine?ae eo?y/ee – 800 ea, nieiaeia? ?inoee –
50 ea, ea?aai?ae – 10 ea, e?aeaea – 15 ea, a?in – 60 ea. Ia iueiio
iaea?aeaii iaea?eueoee o?iaeae a?ea?a iaeaeui? niiaeea/i? yeino?.

AEIIII?*IA AOAEOEAI?NOUe AE?IUOAAIIss

IA*A?EOe? AeAINII?IAI?

Aeiiii?/ia aoaeoeai?noue ae?iuoaaiiy ia/a?eoe? aecia/a?oueny
a?iaeaei?noth eoeueoo?e, ?aae?caoe?eiith oe?iith i?iaeoeoe??, aa?o?noth
noano?ao?a, cao?aoaie ia eoeueoeaoaaiiy oa ?i. Ae?iaie/? cao?aoe i?e
ae?iuoaaii? ooai?a ia/a?eoe? eieeaathoueny o iacia/iiio ?ioa?aae? (oaae.
4). Aea aiane?aeie ??cii? a?iaeaeiino? ?, a?aeiia?aeii, aa?oino?
?aae?ciaaii? i?iaeoeoe?? nia?aa?o?noue, /enoee aeioiae oa ??aaiue
?aioaaaeueiino? o ooai?a, ui aea/athoueny, ci?iththoueny o oe?ieiio
ae?aiacii?. Iaea?eueo aeiiii?/ii aoaeoeaiei ? eoeueoeaoaaiiy ooaio a?ei?
?ane ?AE-25 oa ei?e/iaai? – ?AE-46, ye? a?aecia/athoueny iaeaeuith
a?iaeaei?noth. Nia?aa?o?noue a?ea?a oeeo eoeueoeaa??a noaiiaeoue 1,70 ?
1,68 a?i/ea, /enoee aeioiae – 27,14 oa 28,19 a?i/100 ea noano?aoo, a
??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino? 98,8 ? 103,2%, a?aeiia?aeii.

Aeiiii?/ia aoaeoeai?noue ae?iuoaaiiy ia/a?eoe? caeaaeeoue oaeiae a?ae
neeaaeo noano?ao?a (oaae. 5). Iaea?eueo aenie? aeiiii?/i? iieacieee
io?eiaii i?e aeei?enoaii? noano?aoo oii+50 ea nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a. Oi/a
ae?iaie/? cao?aoe i?e eiai canoinoaaii? aeu?, i?ae o eiio?ie?, aea
aiane?aeie ?noioiiai ca?eueoaiiy a?iaeaeiino?, nia?aa?o?noue
i?iaeoeoe?? ciaioo?oueny, a /enoee

aeioiae ? ??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino? c?inoathoue. *enoee aeioiae i?e
eoeueoeaoaaii? ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? ia noano?ao? oii+50 ea nieiaeiaeo
?inoe?a noaiiaeoue 22,37 ea/100 ea noano?aoo, a ??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino?
– 81,6 %.

AENIIAEE

O ?acoeueoao? 3-??/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue i?iaaaeaii
ainiiaea?nueei-a?ieia?/io ioe?ieo 12 ooai?a ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? ia
neioaoe/iiio noano?ao? c aeiaeaaaiiyi nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a, a oaeiae
anoaiiaeaii aieea neeaaeo 4-o noano?ao?a ia ??no ? ieiaeiiioaiiy 2-o
ooai?a ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai?.

A?ieia?/i? iniaeeaino? ooai?a aieeaathoue ia ianoaiiy iniiaieo oac ?inoo
? ?icaeoeo eoeueoo?e. I?e aeei?enoaii? ooai?a a?ei? ?ane ?AE-6, ?AE-25
oa ei?e/iaai? – ?AE-8, ?AE-46 i?i?inoaiiy i?oeae?th ia iiaa?oith
noano?aoo, iiyaa i?eii?ae??a ? ii/aoie ieiaeiiioaiiy ianoathoue ia 1-4
aeiae ?ai?oa, i?ae o ?aooe ooai?a.

Iaee?aua oiaa?ia ye?noue ca eiiieaenii ciai?oi?o iciae oa?aeoa?ia aeey
ieiaeiaeo o?e ooai?a a?ei? ?ane ?AE-6, ?AE-25 oa ei?e/iaai? – ?AE-28,
?AE-46.

Iaea?eueo no?eeeie aei o?aaeaiiy oai?iaaie ? ooaie ei?e/iaai? ?ane
?AE-8, ?AE-46, na?aae a?ei? – ?AE-4, ?AE-6, ?AE-25. Ooaie ei?e/iaai?
?ane no?ee?o? aei caoai?thaaiue, i?ae a?ei?.

A?ieia?/i? iniaeeaino? ooai?a aieeaathoue ia a?iaeaei?noue ia/a?eoe?
aeainii?iai?. Iaea?eueoith aaee/eiith a?iaeath a?aecia/a?oueny ooai
a?ei? ?ane ?AE-25 – 16,10 ea/100 ea noano?aoo oa ei?e/iaai? – ?AE-46 –
16,40 ea/100 ea noano?aoo. Aiie ?noioii ia?aaaaeathoue o?iaeaei?noue
?aooe ooai?a. A?aei?iiinoae ca na?aaeiueith aaee/eiith a?iaeath i?ae
ooaiaie a?ei? oa ei?e/iaai? ?an ia anoaiiaeaii.

O ?ac? aeei?enoaiiy aenieii?iaeoeoeaieo ooai?a ?AE-6, ?AE-25 oa ?AE-46
ia??iae cae?aiiy a?iaeath aeioe?eueii iaiaaeeoe 40 aeiyie. I?e oeueiio
iiaeia io?eiaoe 92,4-94,4% i?iaeoeoe?? a?ae caaaeueiiai a?iaeath ca
70-aeaiiee ia??iae ieiaeiiioaiiy.

A?io?i?/iee neeaae ieiaeiaeo o?e ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? caeaaeeoue a?ae
a?ieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae ooai?a. Iaee?aueie niiaeea/eie yeinoyie ca
eiiieaenii a?io?i?/ieo ia?aiao??a oa?aeoa?ecothoueny ea?iioi?e ooai?a
ei?e/iaai? ?ane ?AE-28, ?AE-46, na?aae a?ei? – ?AE-4, ?AE-25. A?eae
aeine?aeaeoaaieo ooai?a ei?e/iaai? ?ane iaeiie/othoue a?eueoa iiaeeaieo
?a/iaei, i?ae a?ei?.

Ca ?acoeueoaoaie iaoeo aeine?aeaeaiue o ?a?no?? ni?o?a ?ineei Oe?a?ie a
1999 ?ioe? ca?a?no?iaaii ooai ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? ?AE-25.

Aianaiiy o neioaoe/i? noano?aoe acioiai?nieo aeiaeaoe?a: ieaii?
ae?iaeie, nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a, ni?aiai o?ioo coiiaeth? c?inoaiiy ai?noo a
ieo iiaeeaieo ?a/iaei. E?euee?noue caaaeueiiai acioo ca?eueoo?oueny ia
0,05-0,44%, a?eeiaiai – 0,07-0,40%, oinoi?o – 0,02-0,05%, eae?th
0,07-0,13%. Iaea?eueoa a?eeiaiai acioo, yeee ? iniiaiei aeaea?aeii
aeeaeaiiy ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai?, i?noeoueny o noano?ao? c o/anoth
nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a – 1,92%.

Aeiaeaaaiiy i?aai?/ieo acioiai?nieo ?a/iaei ni?ey? iie?ioaiith
i?e?ia?ieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae neioaoe/ieo noano?ao?a, ui iiceoeaii
iicia/a?oueny ia yeino? oa?iaioaoe??. Iaeaeoeai?oa ?icaeoie ei?enii?
i?e?ioei?e i?ioiaeeoue o noano?ao?, a yeee aiineee nieiaeia? ?inoee.
E?euee?noue aaeoa??e o iueiio c?inoa? ia 50,4%, aeoeiii?oeao?a – ia
28,8%.

I?e eoeueoeaoaaii? ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? ia noano?aoao ??ciiai neeaaeo
iaeaeuo oiaa?io ye?noue iathoue a?eae, ae?iuai? ia neioaoe/iiio
noano?ao? c aeiaeaaaiiyi nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a.

Aianaiiy acioiai?nieo aeiaeaoe?a o neioaoe/i? noano?aoe ni?ey?
c?inoaiith a?iaeaeiino? ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? ia 0,6-2,25 ea/100 ea
noano?aoo. Iaeaeuee o?iaeae io?eiaii ia noano?ao?, aei yeiai aeiaeaaaee
nieiaeia? ?inoee – 12,35 ea/100 ea noano?aoo a ooaio ?AE-24 oa 16,10
ea/100 ea noano?aoo – a ?AE-25.

Neeaae noano?ao?a aieeaa? ia a?io?i?/i? ia?aiao?e ieiaeiaeo o?e
ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai?. Iaeaeuee ai?no nooi? ?a/iaeie, a?eea ? oeoe??a
ca?a?no?iaaii a ieiaeiaeo o?eao, eoeueoeaiaaieo ia neioaoe/iiio
noano?ao? c aeiaeaaaiiyi nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a.

Eoeueoeaoaaiiy ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? ia iaeaoaeoeai?oiio neioaoe/iiio
noano?ao? c aeiaeaaaiiyi nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a caaacia/o? ??aaiue
?aioaaaeueiino? 81,6%. Iaeaeu? iieacieee aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino?
io?eiaii i?e ae?iuoaaii? ooai?a ?AE-25 oa ?AE-46. ??aaiue
?aioaaaeueiino? i?e ?o canoinoaaii? noaiiaeoue 98,8% ? 103,2%,
a?aeiia?aeii.

Aeey ae?iaieoeoaa ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? a oiiaao Oe?a?ie ?aeiiaiaeo?ii
aeei?enoiaoaaoe iaee?au? ca eiiieaenii ainiiaea?nueei-oe?iieo iciae
ooaie ?AE-25 oa ?AE-46 oa noano?ao, ui neeaaea?oueny c 1000 ea ioaie/ii?
nieiie, 800 ea eo?y/iai iine?aeo, 50 ea nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a, 10 ea
ea?aai?aeo, 15 ea e?aeaee, 60 ea a?ino.

NIENIE IIOAE?EIAAIEO I?AOeUe CA OAIITH AeENA?OAOe??

Aa?aaao I.TH., Oeecue I.I., A?nueei I.A. I?iaeoeoeai?noue 12 ooai?a
ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? ? aaa?oon ?o ieiaeiaeo o?e i?e eoeueoeaoaaii? ia
neioaoe/iiio eiiiino? // A?niee aa?a?ii? iaoee. – 1997. – ? 8. – n.
13-16. (I?iaaaeaii aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy, iaienaii noaooth –
60%).

Oeecue I.I. Aea/aiiy eoeueoo?aeueii-ii?oieia?/ieo iciae i?oeae?aeue-ieo
eieii?e ooai?a oaii?iueeiia aeainii?iaiai // A?niee aa?a?ii? iaoee. –
1998. – ? 2. – n. 69-71.

Oeecue I.I. O?iaeaei?noue ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? ia noano?aoao ??ciiai
neeaaeo // A?niee aa?a?ii? iaoee. – 1998. – ? 9. – n. 70.

Aaoi?nueea na?aeioeoai ia ni?o ?ineei ? 764. Ia/a?eoey aeainii?iaa.
?AE-25 / Oeecue I.I., Aa?aaao I.TH., A?nueei I.A., Aeoaeea ?.I. – ?
97313001; Cayae. 5.12.1997; Ca?a?no?. a ?a?no?? ni?o?a ?ineei Oe?a?ie a
1999 ?. (I?iaaaeaii ii??aiyeueio ioe?ieo ooaio a i?iieneia?e eoeueoo??,
i?aeaioiaeaii iaoa??aee aeey ia?aaea/? a Aea?aeaaio eii?n?th ii
aei?iaoaaiith oa ioi?ii? ni?o?a ?ineei – 30%).

Oeecue I.I. Ia/a?eoe? // Ae?i, naae, ai?iae. – 1996. – ? 10. – n. 9-10.

Oeecue I.I., A?nueei I.A. I?aea?? iiaeeaieo na?aaeiaeu aeey ae?iuoaaiiy
iaoi/ii? eoeueoo?e ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? // Iaoa??aee ? I?aeia?iaeii?
eiioa?aioe?? «Iaoiaeieiae/aneea iniiau iiciaiey aeieiae/aneeo
iniaaiiinoae a?eaia – i?iaeooeaioia oeceieiae/anee aeoeaiuo niaaeeiaiee
e ieuaauo i?iaeoeoia». – Aeiiaoeuee. – 1997. – n. 72-74. (I?iaaaeaii
aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy, i?aeaioiaeaii aeiiia?aeue – 80%).

Aa?aaao I.TH., Oeecue I.I. Ainiiaea?nueei-a?ieia?/ia oa?aeoa?enoeea
ooai?a ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? // Ca??iee i?aoeue iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe??
i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo, iaoeiaeo ni?a?ia?oiee?a oa
ani??aio?a ieiaeiiai/aaiai oaeoeueoaoo, i?enay/aii? 100-??//th IAO.
-Ee?a. -1998. – n. 22. ( I?iaaaeaii ioe?ieo ooai?a, i?aeaioiaeaii
aeiiia?aeue – 70%).

Oeecue I.I. I?aea?? aenieii?iaeoeoeaieo ooai?a ? noano?ao?a aeey
ae?iuoaaiiy ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai? (Agaricus bisporus / J. Lge /
Imbach.) a oiiaao Oe?a?ie. – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 06.01.06 –
iai/?aieoeoai. – Iaoe?iiaeueiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao, Ee?a, 1999.

Aeena?oaoe?th i?enay/aii i?aeai?o ooai?a ? noano?ao?a aeey ae?iuoaaiiy
ia/a?eoe? aeainii?iai?. I?iaaaeaii ainiiaea?nueei-a?ieia?/io ioe?ieo 12
ooai?a. Anoaiiaeaii aoaeoeai?noue aianaiiy o noano?aoe ??cieo
acioiai?nieo aeiaeaoe?a. Aea/aii caeaaei?noue ?inoo, ?icaeoeo ?
ieiaeiiioaiiy a?eaa a?ae ooaio oa neeaaeo noano?aoo. Cai?iiiiiaaii
neioaoe/iee noano?ao ia iniia? ioaie/ii? nieiie, eo?y/iai iine?aeo oa
nieiaeiaeo ?inoe?a. Aeae?eaii 2 e?aueo ca eiiieaenii
ainiiaea?nueei-oe?iieo iciae ooaie ia/a?eoe?, iaeei c yeeo – ?AE-25
ca?a?no?iaaii a ?a?no?? ni?o?a ?ineei Oe?a?ie a 1999 ?ioe?. Iniiai?
?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe ai?iaaaeaeai? o ae?iaieoeoai.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: ia/a?eoey aeainii?iaa, ooai, noano?ao, acioiai?ni?
aeiaeaoee, o?iaeae, aeiiii?/ia ioe?iea.

Oeecue A.I. Iiaeai? aunieii?iaeoeoeaiuo ooaiiia e noano?aoia aeey
au?aueaaiey oaiieiueiia aeaonii?iaiai (Agaricus bisporus / J. Lge /
Imbach.) a oneiaeyo Oe?aeiu. – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa
naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 06.01.06 – iaiuaaiaenoai.
– Iaoeeiiaeueiue aa?a?iue oieaa?neoao, Eeaa, 1999.

Iiuou i?iaiaeeeenue ia i?ioyaeaiee 1995-1997 aiaeia. Ca yoi a?aiy
i?iaeaeaii 3 oeeeea au?aueaaiey oaiieiueiia aeaonii?iaiai. Eco/aeenue
12 ooaiiia a?eaa e 4 ninoaaa noano?aoia aeey aai eoeueoeae?iaaiey.

A ?acoeueoaoa iaoeo enneaaeiaaiee onoaiiaeaii, /oi ooaiiu oaiieiueiia
oa?aeoa?ecothony ?acee/iie oeceieiae/aneie aeoeaiinoueth ieoeaeey, /oi
iaoneiaeeaaao ?acee/ey a ianooieaiee oac ?acaeoey eoeueoo?u: i?i?anoaiey
ieoeaeey ia iiaa?oiinoue noano?aoa, oi?ie?iaaiea i?eii?aeeaa, ia/aei
ieiaeiiioaiey. O ooaiiia aaeie ?annu ?AE-6, ?AE-25 e ei?e/iaaie ?AE-8,
?AE-46 iie ianooiatho ia 1-4 aeiy ?aiueoa, /ai a inoaeueiuo.

Ea/anoai a?eaia ii?aaeaeyaony eo aiaoiei aeaeii e aeioeie/aneei
ninoaaii. Aeaaiui e?eoa?eai oiaa?iiai ea/anoaa ieiaeiauo oae yaeyaony eo
ianna, iineieueeo iia ei??aee?oao n aaee/eiie. Naiie aieueoie iannie
n?aaee ooaiiia aaeie ?annu oa?aeoa?ecothony ieiaeiaua oaea ?AE-25 (29,9
a), ?AE-32 (28,8 a), ?AE-6 (28,5 a), n?aaee ei?e/iaaie ( ?AE-28 (30,0
a). Ii niaea?aeaieth nooiai aauanoaa iaie auaeaeaiu ooaiiu ei?e/iaaie
?annu ?AE-28 (10,89%), ?AE-46 (10,68%), n?aaee aaeie ( ?AE-4 (10,29%),
?AE-25 (10,01%). Eiee/anoai iauaai e aaeeiaiai acioa oaeaea naiui
aunieei yaeyaony a ieiaeiauo oaeao ooaiiia ?AE-28 (iauaai ( 6,8%,
aaeeiaiai ( 5,11%), ?AE-46 (6,48 e 4,82%), n?aaee aaeie ?annu ( a ?AE-4
(5,79 e 4,05%), ?AE-25 (5,42 e 3,77%). Onoaiiaeaii, /oi ieiaeiaua oaea
ei?e/iaaie ?annu a n?aaeiai iaeaieeaatho aieueoa acioiuo aauanoa ia
0,89%, a oii /enea aaeeia ( ia 87% ii n?aaiaieth n a?eaaie aaeie ?annu.
Ii niaea?aeaieth naoa?ia auaeaeythony ooaiiu ?AE-8 (3,20%), ?AE-28
(3,15%), n?aaee aaeie ?annu ( ?AE-6 (3,11%).

Ioee/ey a noaiaie ii?aaeaiey aieaciyie ooaiiia oaiieiueiia aeaonii?iaiai
yaeythony neaaenoaeai eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo iniaaiiinoae acaeiiaeaenoaey eo
n iaoiaaiiuie oaeoi?aie. N?aaee ooaiiia aaeie ?annu, iauay
ii?aaeaaiinoue eioi?uo ninoaaeyao 9,7-25,0%, naiuie noieeeie yaeythony
?AE-4 (9,8% ii?aaeaiiuo ieiaeiauo oae), ?AE-6 (9,7%), ?AE-25 (9,8%).
O?iaaiue caaieaaaaiinoe ooaiiia ei?e/iaaie ?annu iaoiaeeony a i?aaeaeao
7,6-11,3%. Ii onoie/eainoe e aieaciyi n?aaee ieo auaeaeythony ?AE-46
(7,6%) e ?AE-8 (7,7%). Ioiaoei, /oi ooaiiu ei?e/iaaie ?annu aieaa
onoie/eau e aieaciyi, /ai ei?e/iaaie.

O?iaeaeiinoue yaeyaony iniiaiui e?eoa?eai i?e auai?a ni?oa ethaie
naeueneioicyenoaaiiie eoeueoo?u, a oii /enea oaiieiueiia aeaonii?iaiai.
Ii o?iaeaeiinoe n?aaee ooaiiia aaeie ?annu auaeaeythony ?AE-6 e ?AE-25,
eioi?ua aeinoiaa?ii i?aainoiaeyo eiio?ieue a eaaeaeii ec 3 oeeeeia
au?aueaaiey. Eo o?iaeaeiinoue a n?aaeiai ninoaaeyao 14,05 e 16,10
ea/100ea noano?aoa, /oi ia 2,4 e 4,45 ea/100ea noano?aoa aieueoa
eiio?iey. N?aaee ooaiiia ei?e/iaaie ?annu naiie aunieie o?iaeaeiinoueth
oa?aeoa?ecothony ?AE-8 ( 15,30 ea/100ea noano?aoa e ?AE-46 ( 16,40
ea/100ea noano?aoa, eioi?ua i?aainoiaeyo eiio?ieue ia 2,95 e 4,05
ea/100ea noano?aoa, niioaaonoaaiii.

E?iia aunieii?iaeoeoeaiuo ooaiiia aaaeiui oaeoi?ii iiauoaiey
o?iaeaeiinoe oaiieiueiia aeaonii?iaiai yaeyaony ninoaa e ea/anoai
noano?aoia. Eo ninoaaiuie yeaiaioaie a iiuoa eniieueciaaiu iaoa?eaeu,
eioi?ua niiniaiu iieiinoueth iaania/eoue iio?aaiinoue a?eaa a
ieoaoaeueiuo aauanoaao. A ea/anoaa iniiaiiai enoi/ieea oaea?iaeiiai
ieoaiey i?eiaiaia nieiia iceiie ioaieoeu, niaea?aeaiea oaea?iaea a
eioi?ie ninoaaeyao 49,1%. Iniiaiui enoi/ieeii acioa yaeyaony eo?eiue
iiiao, eioi?ue niaea?aeeo 4,18% yoiai yeaiaioa. Eae i?aaie/aneea
acioniaea?aeauea aeiaaaee iaie eniuoaiu ieaiay ae?iaeia, nieiaeiaua
?inoee e niaaue o?io, eiee/anoai acioa a eioi?uo ninoaaeyao 3,81, 4,54 e
7,58%, niioaaonoaaiii.

Aianaiea oeacaiiuo acioniaea?aeaueo aeiaaaie niinianoaoao oaaee/aieth
eiee/anoaa iauaai acioa ia 0,05-0,44%, aaeeiaiai ( ia 0,07-0,40%. Naiui
aieueoei niaea?aeaiea iauaai acioa oa?aeoa?ecoaony noano?ao oii + 50 ea
niaaiai o?ioa ( 2,30%, a aaeeiaiai, eioi?ue yaeyaony iniiaiui enoi/ieeii
ieoaiey oaiieiueiia ( oii + 50 ea nieiaeiauo ?inoeia ( 1,92%.

Aianaiea acioniaea?aeaueo aeiaaaie niinianoaoao oaaee/aieth o?iaeaeiinoe
ia 0,6-2,25 ea/100ea noano?aoa. Naiie aieueoie i?iaeoeoeaiinoueth
oa?aeoa?ecoaony eiiiino oii + 50 ea nieiaeiauo ?inoeia, /oi iaoneiaeaii
iaeaieueoei eiee/anoaii a iai aaeeiaiai acioa. I?e aai eniieueciaaiee
o?iaeaeiinoue oaaee/eaaaony ii n?aaiaieth n eiio?ieai ia 17,1% o ooaiia
?AE-24 e ia 16,2% ( o ?AE-25 e ninoaaeyao 12,35 e 16,10 ea/100ea
noano?aoa, niioaaonoaaiii.

Iaeaieaa yeiiiie/anee yooaeoeaiui yaeyaony eoeueoeae?iaaiea ooaiia aaeie
?annu ?AE-25 e ei?e/iaaie ( ?AE-46, eioi?ua ioee/athony iaeaunoae
o?iaeaeiinoueth. Naaanoieiinoue a?eaia yoeo ooaiiia ninoaaeyao 1,70 e
1,68 a?i./ea, /enoue aeioiae ( 27,14 e 28,19 a?i./100 ea noano?aoa,
o?iaaiue ?aioaaaeueiinoe ( 98,8 e 103,2%, niioaaonoaaiii.

Oaeei ia?acii, a ?acoeueoaoa enneaaeiaaiee i?iaaaeaia
oicyenoaaiii-aeieiae/aneay ioeaiea 12 ooaiiia oaiieiueiia aeaonii?iaiai.
Auaeaeaiu 2 eo/oeo ii eiiieaeno oicyenoaaiii-oeaiiuo i?eciaeia ooaiia:
?AE-46 e ?AE-25, iineaaeiee ec eioi?uo ca?aaeno?e?iaai a ?aaeno?a ni?oia
?anoaiee Oe?aeiu ia 1999 aiae. Onoaiiaeaia yooaeoeaiinoue aianaiey a
noano?aou ?acee/iuo acioniaea?aeaueo aeiaaaie. I?aaeeiaeai neioaoe/aneee
noano?ao ia iniiaa ioaie/iie nieiiu, eo?eiiai iiiaoa e nieiaeiauo
?inoeia.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: oaiieiueii aeaonii?iaue, ooaii, noano?ao,
acioniaea?aeauea aeiaaaee, o?iaeae, yeiiiie/aneay ioeaiea.

Tsiz’ A.M. Selection of the high productive strains and substrates for
the cultivation of Agaricus bisporus (J. Lge) imbach. under the
conditions of Ukraine.-Manuscript.

Tsesis for competition for the scientific degree of the candidate of
sciences in Agriculture on speciality 06.01.06 – vegetable growing. –
National Agricultural University, Kyiv, 1999.

Dissertation is devoted to selection of the strains and substrates for
the cultivation of Agaricus bisporus. 12 strains were tested for their
cultivation and biology. The effectiveness of bringing different
N-containing additions in the substrates is established. The dependence
of growth, development and fructification of the mushroom from the
strain and substrate composition is studied. Synthetic substrate on the
base of wheat straw, chicken manure and malt sprouts is proposed. 2 best
strains of Agaricus bisporus were selected according to the complex of
valued for cultivation characteristics, on of them IBK-25 is registrated
in the Register of the plant sorts of Ukraine in 1999. The main results
of this work are introduced in the production.

Key words: Agaricus bisporus, strain, substrate, N-containing additions,
yield, economical estimate.

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