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OE?A?INUeEA AEAAeAI?ss AA?A?IEO IAOE

AeA?AEAAIEE IEE?ONUeEEE AIOAI?*IEE NAAe

OAeE 581.412:581.524.342 (477.75)

Iiaei?iaeiee

Na?a?e Ieeieaeiae/

I??iaaii? noeoean?? e?einueeininiiaeo e?n?a

i?aaeaiiiai iae?inoeeo Aieiaiiai iania

E?einueeeo a??

03.00.05 – aioai?ea

Aaoi?aoa?ao

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa a?ieia?/ieo iaoe

sseoa – 1999

Aeena?oaoe?y ? ?oeiien

?iaioa aeeiiaia o a?aeae?e? oei?e oa ?ineeiiino? Aea?aeaaiiai
Iee?onueeiai aioai?/iiai naaeo OAAI

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? a?ieia?/ieo iaoe, caa?aeoth/ee

a?aeae?eii
Aea?aeaaiiai Iee?onueeiai

aioai?/iiai naaeo
OAAI

Ei?aeaiaanueeee
Aeaaeeneaa Ay/aneaaiae/

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:

– aeieoi? a?ieia?/ieo iaoe, ?aaioyaia Aaea??e Aeieo?iae/, caa?aeoth/ee
a?aeae?eii Aea?aeaaiiai Iee?onueeiai aioai?/iiai naaeo OAAI

– eaiaeeaeao a?ieia?/ieo iaoe, ?ia Aiae??e Aaneeueiae/, E?einueeee
aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao, aeioeaio.

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa:

Ee?anueeee iaoe?iiaeueiee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? Oa?ana Oaa/aiea,
eaoaae?a aioai?ee, i. Ee?a.

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 17 aa?aniy 1999 ?. i 1000 aiae. ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee

Ae 53.369.01 Aea?aeaaiiai Iee?onueeiai aioai?/iiai naaeo OAAI ca
aae?anith: 334267, i.sseoa, AeIAN.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe?
Aea?aeaaiiai Iee?onueeiai aioai?/iiai naaeo OAAI (334267, i. sseoa,
AeIAN).

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee 16 na?iiy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee e.a.i. N. TH.
Naaeiao?nueeee

3AAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Aeaaieia oa aaoiooiiiee oa?aeoa? ?icaeoeo
e?einueeininiiaeo e?n?a (ENE), ?o a?aeiinia iaii?ooi?noue, aeicaiey?
?icaeyaeaoe ?o ye aoaeii i?e?iaeii? ?ineeiiino? A??nueeiai E?eio. Aiie
ye iaeei c iniiaieo eiiiiiaio?a eaiaeoaoo?a i?aaeaiiiai ocaa?aaeaey
iaeaea oe?eeii aecia/athoue iaiiaoi?io e?ano oa oi?eaeuei? oe?ethu?
aeanoeaino? eiai eo?i?o?a. I?ioa, iacaaaeath/e ia caiia?aei?noue, ieiu?
e?n?a ?c ninie e?einueei? (Pinus pallasiana D. Don.) oaeaeei
nei?i/othoueny. Iniiaiith i?e/eiith oeueiai ? e?nia? iiaeaae?.
O?aoiaoth/e a?aeiinii iaaaeeeo ieiuo niniiaeo e?n?a a E?eio, oa aenieo
/anoioo iiaeaae aeooaeueiith ii?yae c ioi?iiith noa? ? i?iaeaia ?o
i?e?iaeiiai a?aeiiaeaiiy. I?ae oei, iaeaea iiaia a?aenooi?noue
aeine?aeaeaiue i?ioean?a e?nia?aeiiaeaiiy, noia?a/i?noue ?nioth/eo ?
iane?aeeii oioaeueiiai ia?aoiaeo aei e?niaeo eoeueoo?, ui ia
a?aeiia?aea? noaoono caiia?aeieo oa?eoi??e ? aeaeaei ia caaaeaee
a?ieiai-aeiiii?/ii iaa?oioiaaii (Iiaaaeeineee, 1981, 1983). ?ica’ycaiiy
i?iaeaie i?e?iaeiiai a?aeiiaeaiiy ENE iiaeeeai o?eueee ia i?aenoaa?
ananoi?iiiueiai aea/aiiy i?ioean?a iinoi??iaaiiiai neiaaiaco oa
ae?iaeaiiy ia oeueiio ooiaeaiaio? /?oeeo e?niciaa/eo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Oaia
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe caoaa?aeaeaia a/aiith ?aaeith AeIAN (i?ioieie ?3
a?ae 23.02.1993). ?iaioa aeeiioaaeanue a ?aieao oaie “?ac?aaioea iao/iuo
iniia eniieueciaaiey e iioeiecaoeee yeieiae/aneeo
(ii/aaiiuo-eeeiaoe/aneeo) a ieiaeiaiaenoaa e aeaei?aoeaiii naaeiaiaenoaa
thaa Oe?aeiu” (? aea?aeaaii? ?a?no?aoe?? 01.92.U. 034077).

Iaoa oa caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue. Iaoa: aeoiaey/e c aeine?aeaeaiue
iiaeaaeii? aeeiai?ee oa i?ioean?a i?neyiiaeaaeiiai a?aeiiaeaiiy ENE
i?aaeaiiiai iae?inoeeo Aieiaiiai iania E?einueeeo a?? (IIAIEA)
iiaoaeoaaoe aeieiai-o?oioeaiioe/io noaio i??iaaiii? noeoean?? ?
aecia/eoe iniiai? iai?yiee oa iiaeeeaino? iioei?caoe?? ? ioi?iie oeeo
caiia?aeieo oeaiieiiieaen?a. A?aeiia?aeii aeey ?? ?aae?caoe??
?ica‘ycoaaeeny oae? caaaeaiiy: 1) aiae?c iiaeaaeii? ianoaiiaee o ?aa?ii?
ca 40-??/iee ia??iae; 2) i?iaaaeaiiy aaiaioai?/ieo ianoaaeaiue ??cieo ca
a?eii caa?eu oa aeyaeaiiy iiaiiai aeaeiaiai neeaaeo na??eieo oeaiic?a;
3) aiae?c nenoaiaoe/ieo, aaia?ao?/ieo, a?iii?oieia?/ieo oa
aeioeaiioe/ieo ia?aiao??a i?neyiiaeaaeieo oeaiic?a; 4) i?aeeiaoe?y
na??eieo oeaiic?a ia o?iii- oa aeieeei?; 5) ?ic?iaea ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e
uiaei iioei?caoe?? i?ioean?a i?e?iaeiiai a?aeiiaeaiiy ENE.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Aia?oa i?inoaaeaiee
aeiaaio?eaaeee (0-120 ?ie?a) o?aiae i??iaaiii? noeoean?? ENE IIAIEA o
cii? ?o aenioiiai iioeioio. Ia i?aenoaa? aeaoaeueiiai aea/aiiy aeeiai?ee
nenoaiaoe/ieo, aaia?ao?/ieo, a?iii?oieia?/ieo, aeioeaiioe/ieo ia?aiao??a
na??eieo oeaiic?a oa ii??aiyiiy ?o c aeiiiaeaaeieie, aia?oa c?iaeaii
aeniiaie i?i aaiethoe?eio i?enoiniaai?noue aeaii? i?e?iaeii? nenoaie aei
aiaith ye i?e?iaeiiai oaeoi?o. Oae ia an?o aoaiao noeoean??
caa??aa?oueny i?ei??iee ia?eoao ia’?i?a ?iaeei (Fabaceae-5,2-10,9%,
Lamiaceae-5,0-9,5%, Apiaceae-3,6-10,3%) yeee iaoiiaeth?
na?aaecaiii-ii?nueeee oei na??aeueieo niaeo??a, a oaeiae caa??aa?oueny
aeiiiaeaaeiee noaoon o oei?? aeae?a ae?aaiueina?aaecaiiiii?nueeiai,
ia?ao?aeiiai na?aaecaiiiii?nueei-?a?ac?enueeiai oa ?a?ac?enueeiai
noaiiaiai oei?a a?aae?a. Anoaiiaeaii, ui o?eaae?noue a?aeiiaethaaeueiiai
i?ioeano ENE iaoiiaeth?oueny iine?aeiaiith ci?iith o /an? o?aa’yii?
(0-25 ?ie?a), /aaa?ieeiai? (26-50 ?ie?a) oa aea?aaii? (ui ii/eia?oueny c
50-ai ?ieo) noaae?e. Aia?oa aeey iiaoaeiae noaie i??iaaiii? noeoean?? o
yeino? i?aeeiaoe?eii? in? ia?aii ni?aa?aeiioaiiy aeoioeyoe?eieo oa
aeaioaeaoe?eieo i?ioean?a.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. ?acoeueoaoe i?iaaaeaieo
aeine?aeaeaiue iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? aeey ?ic?iaee ?aa?iiaeueii?
i?ia?aie i?e?iaeiiai a?aeiiaeaiiy niniiaeo e?n?a oa i?aeaeuaiiy
aoaeoeaiino? ?o iiaeaaeii? ioi?iie. Iaoa??aee aeena?oaoe?? aeei?enoai?
aeey ?ic?iaee iaoe?iiaeueii? i?ia?aie “Iaoe?iiaeueiee ieai ae?e c?
caa?aaeaiiy /i?iiai a?eoa (Aegypius monachus) a Oe?a?i?”, ?icae?e
“Oaeoi?e caa?ice” (Aeo aiaae?aiey iaoa?eaeia aeenna?oaoeeiiiie ?aaiou…
io 04.09.1998), a oaeiae o yeino? ?ethno?aoeaiiai iaoa??aeo
ai?iaaaeaeai? a iaa/aeueiee i?ioean Iae?oiiieuenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
iaaeaaia?/iiai ?inoeoooo a eo?nao “Aeieia?y”, “Nenoaiaoeea ?ineei”,
“Aaia?ao?y ?ineei” (Aeo aiaae?aiey iaoa?eaeia aeenna?oaoeeiiiie ?aaiou…
io 04.09.1998).

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. ?iaioa aeeiioaaeanue i?ae ea??aieoeoaii
ae.a.i. Ei?aeaiaanueeiai A. A. ? ? naiino?eiei aeine?aeaeaiiyi
caeiaoaa/a, eio?ei i?iaiaeeeenue iieueia? ia?o?ooi? oa noaoe?iia?i?
aeine?aeaeaiiy aeaeiaiai neeaaeo ??ciia?eiaeo caa?eu, aiae?c
e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaea?ae neioacii eio?eo c’yaeeanue ?ic?iaea noeoean?eii?
noaie. ?acoeueoaoe aeeiiaieo aeine?aeaeaiue a?aeia?aaeai? a ioae?eaoe?yo
oa aeena?oaoe??.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy ? ?acoeueoaoe
aeine?aeaeaiue aeiiia?aeaeenue ia can?aeaiiyo a?aeae?eo oei?e oa
?ineeiiino? o 1993-1995 ??., a/aii? ?aaee AeIAN, oa iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e
eiioa?aioe?? “Ninoiyiea e i?iaeaiu io?aiu ai?iuo eania E?uia” (Aeoooa,
1994), eiioa?aioe?yo iieiaeeo a/aieo o i. sseo? (1995), Oa?eia? (1996).

Ioae?eaoe??. Ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 6 iaoeiaeo ?ia?o,
c yeeo 3 o iaoeiaeo oaoiaeo aeaeaiiyo caoaa?aeaeaieo AAE Oe?a?ie.

Ianya ?iaioe oa ?? no?oeoo?a. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, 6
?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo e?oa?aoo?e, aeiaeaoe?a ? aeeeaaeaia ia 152
noi??ieao, c yeeo 119 caeia? oaenoiaa /anoeia. Nienie e?oa?aoo?e
i?noeoue 219 iaeiaioaaiue.

CI?NO ?IAIOE

Aeaaa 1. O?ceei-aaia?ao?/i? oiiae oa oa?aeoa?enoeea ?ineeiiino? ?aeiio
aeine?aeaeaiue

Ia i?aenoaa? e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaea?ae aeaia oa?aeoa?enoeea aaia?ao?/iiai
iieiaeaiiy, ee?iaoo, aaieia??, a?ae?ia?ao??, a?oio?a oa ?ineeiiino?
IIAIEA.

Aeaaa 2. Ia’?eoe ? iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiue

Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeenue i?ioyaii 1992-1995 ??. ia aac? a?aeae?eo
oei?e oa ?ineeiiino? AeIAN i. sseoa.

Ia’?eoaie aeine?aeaeaiue aoee ??ciia?eia? caa?eua ENE, ?icoaoiaai? ia
IIAIEA i?ae nio N?ia?c oa n. Cai?oaeiei o iaaeao aenioieo ai?eciioaeae
500-700 i i.?.i. Ianoaaeai? oa?eoi??? iaee noaoon ioi?iiieo ? aoiaeeee
aei neeaaeo sseoeinueeiai a??nueei-e?niaiai i?e?iaeiiai caiia?aeieea
(ssAEIC), a oaeiae E?einueeiai i?e?iaeiiai caiia?aeieea.

Aeey aiae?co noeoean?eieo ci?i iaie aoei aea?aii n?i iiaeaae, eio?? a
ii?yaeeo ca?eueoaiiy a?eo – 1993, 1989, 1972, 1970, 1949, 1946, 1883 ??.
neeaee o?iiio?aiae (0-120 ?ie?a). On? iiaeaae? eeaneo?eoaaeenue ca ?. N.
Iaeaoiaei (Iaeaoia, 1947) ye aa?oia? iiaaeuei? ?, e??i oiai, iaee noiae?
o?ceei-aaia?ao?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee. Anoaiiaeaiiy oi/iiai a?eo iiaeaae
i?iaiaeeeinue caaaeyee iiaeaaeiei eieaai, E?oiienai i?e?iaee ? a?o?aiei
iaoa??aeai aeacaieo caiia?aeiee?a, a iaae? ca aeaieie i?neyiiaeaaeii?
aenie?eaoe??.

Aeey aiae?co i?neyiiaeaaeii? ianoaiiaee o ?aa?ii? ie iaee ?ioi?iaoe?th
i?i 520 iiaeaae ??cii? ?ioaineaiino?, ui aeieeaee o ENE ca ia??iae c
1952 ii 1992 ??e.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy caa?eu i?iaiaeeeinue o aeaa aoaie. Ia ia?oiio –
i?iaiaeeeinue ?aeiaiinoethaaiiy iiaeaae, ooi/iaiiy ?o iaae ? oei?caoe?y
aeioii?a a caeaaeiino? a?ae nooiaiy ae?aaeaiiy i?ioean?a aeoioeyoe?? oa
aeaioaeaoe??. Aiane?aeie /iai aoee aeae?eai? aeoioeyoeai? aeioiie (AA),
aeaioaeaoe?ei? aeioiie (AeA) oa noaa?euei? aeioiie (NA) aea i?ioeane
aeoioeyoe?? ? aeaioaeaoe?? aoee o??aiiaaaeaieie. Ae?oaee aoai ioiiethaaa
caeeaaeaiiy aei?iaoaaeueieo iaeaeai/ee?a ? ?o iiaiee aaiaioai?/iee iien
ca noaiaea?oiii?eeiyoeie iaoiaeeeaie (Aeaenaiae?iaa, 1969; Aieoaaa,
Ei?aeaiaaneee, 1985).

Iiaeaae?, ui ?icoaoiaoaaeenue aeecueei iaeia aei iaeii? ia o?iiio?aiae?
i?eo?i/oaaeenue iaie aei iaei??? oi/ee o?iiio?aiaeo ? aiae?coaaeenue ye
iaeia caa?eua c ia’?aeiaiiyi ?o oei?enoe/ieo niene?a.

Ianya i?e?iaeieo aeae?a i?eeiaany o o?aeoiaoe? “Ii?aaeaeeoaey aunoeo
?anoaiee Oe?aeiu” (1987), a oaeiae ?aa?iiaeueiiai caaaeaiiy
“Aeieiae/aneay oei?a E?uia” (Aieoaaa, 1996).

Aeaaa 3. Iiaeaaei? noeoean??: ?ieue o no/ani?e ?ineeiiino? oa iniiai?
iai?yiee aea/aiiy

3.1. ?ieue iiaeaae o no/ani?e ?ineeiiino?.

Aeania iiaeaaei? noeoean?? a?aeiinyoue aei a?aeiiaieo neiaaiaoe/ieo ci?i
(Aeaenaiae?iaa, 1964) ?i?oe?aoe?y eio?eo iiaea aooe aeeeeeaia ye
i?e?iaeieie, oae e aio?iiiaaiieie oaeoi?aie. Iniiaia i?e/eia aeieeiaiiy
iiaeaae i?e?iaeiei oeyoii – aeeneaaee, a o ?aeiiao aeoeaii? aoeeai?/ii?
ae?yeueiino? – aeaa?aeaiiy aoeeai?a. C iiyaith ethaeeie /anoioa iiaeaae
cia/ii c?inea (Ai?oaioeaaa?, 1988), a aiaiiue ye i?e?iaeiee oaeoi?
ao?aoea nai? cia/aiiy (Covington, Moore, 1994; Mensing, 1992; Abrams,
Nowacki, 1992 oa ?io.). Iaei??th c noi??i i?iyae iiaeaaeii? aio?ii?an??
c’yaey?oueny nei?i/aiiy ieiu? e?n?a (Hetier, Charles, 1989; Goldammer,
1985 oa ?io.), a ae?oaith – aeei?enoaiiy aiaith o ainiiaea?nueeeo oe?eyo
(Valette, Rigolot, Marechal, 1990; Oaeeoeui, Ino?ioaiei, 1993; Vega oa
?io. 1987).

Ne?ae aecia/eoe, ui aiaiiue cia/iith i??ith aieeioa ia i?ioeane
aeaeiooai?aiiy, ae?iaeaiiy o ?ineei ??cieo i?enoinoaaiue, a oaeiae ia
noai?aiiy a?aeiia?aeieo oei?a o?oioeaiic?a (?aaioiia,1978; Malanson,
1985; Trabaud, 1983, 1991; Scarpe, 1991 oa ?io.). Iaa?ae’?iiith oiiaith
aaiethoe?? e?niaeo aeinenoai ?icaeyaeathoueny iiaeaae? ieceith aaoi??a
(Cooper, 1960; Zackrisson, 1977; Naiieeia, 1981, 1983, 1985 oa ?io.).

3.2. Iniiai? iai?yiee aea/aiiy iiaeaaeieo noeoean?e.

Iacaaaeath/e ia oa, ui iiaeaae? caeaaia aoee ia’?eoii aeine?aeaeaiue
oao?aoe?a ??cieo aaeocae, ?iaioe caaaeueiioai?aoe/iiai ieaio, i?enay/ai?
iiaeaaeiei noeoean?yi iaeaea a?aenooi?. C aeayeeo a?aecia/eii noaoo?
A.I.I??e?ia (Ie?eeia, 1984), E. O?aaaoaea (Trabaund, 1987),
O.I.Eiia?iaie (Eiia?iaa, 1980). *eneaii? a?aeiiino? i?enay/ai?
aeine?aeaeaiith ie?aieo aniaeo?a i?e?iaeiiai a?aeiiaeaiiy ia caa?euao ?
iniaeeai eiai ii/aoeiaeo aoai?a i?noeoueny o iecoe? ?ia?o (Hermanin,
1980; Aaooei, 1986 oa ?io.). Iiioey?iei ia’?eoii aeine?aeaeaiue
caeeoathoueny ieoaiiy no?aoaa?? ?iciiiaeaiiy ??cieo aeae?a, ye oaeoi?o,
ui iaoiiaeth? oa?aeoa? i??iaaiieo noeoean?e (Moravec, 1990; Arianoutson,
Morgaris, 1981 oa ?io.). Iaeaea a?aenooi? a?aeiiino? i?i ian?ii? aaiee
ye aeaiaioo iiaeaaeii? no?aoaa?? aeae?a. Aacia?a/ii, ui noeoean?? ?
iiaeaaei? cie?aia ia iiaeia ?ioa?i?aooaaoe o?eueee ye ci?io aeae?a aai
iiioeyoe?e aac a?aooaaiiy i?e oeueiio aieeao oaeoi??a ciai?oiueiai
na?aaeiaeua. *ano?oa a ?iaioao iaaiaeeoueny ca’ycie i?ioean?a
a?aeiiaeaiiy c oaeeie oaeoi?aie ye e?ooecia oa aeniiceoe?y noee?a,
aenioa iaae ??aiai ii?y oa ??aaiue a?oioiaeo aiae (Ia?aaicieeiaa, 1989;
Griffin, 1982 oa ?io.). Aeae?eueea ?icoe?ththoue aaio oaeoi??a ?iaioe c
aeei?enoaiiyi ??ciiiai?oieo i?ae?iaoe?eieo iaoiae?a, a?aae??ioiiai
aiae?co oa iaoiae?a iaoaiaoe/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy (Milne, 1985; Conard,
Radosevich, 1982 oa ?io.). Ne?ae ie?aii i?aee?aneeoe, ui ia ciaeoei
ina?oeaiiy a ?iaioao c iiaeaaeii? oaiaoeee ieoaiiy uiaei aieeao
a?ic?eieo i?ioean?a ia oa?aeoa? noeoean?eieo ci?i.

Cia/iei /eiii iiaeaae? aieeaathoue e ia a?oioe, ci?ithth/e ?o
o?ceei-o?i?/io no?oeoo?o, a?ieia?/i? aeanoeaino? oa iiaeeaiee ?aaeei
(Nacata, 1986; Tester, 1989; Iiiia, 1983; Kirpatrick, Dickinson, 1984 oa
?io.). Iniaeeai aeae?eeii ?iaioo N.I.Aanueeiaa oa ?.?.Iao??ea?aa (1986),
eio?? ia i?aenoaa? aeine?aeaeaiue o?ceei-o?i?/ieo aeanoeainoae a?oio?a
ia caa?euao i?eoiaeyoue aei aeniiae?a, ui ?o e?ni?ineeii? oiiae cia/ii
iia??oothoueny, a noai?ai? ia ieo e?nia? eoeueoo?e iathoue i?aeaeuaio
a?aceea?noue aei ??cieo caoai?thaaiue.

3.3. Aeine?aeaeaiiy iiaeaae o e?einueeininiiaeo e?nao IIAIEA.

Iacaaaeath/e ia oa, ui iiaeaae? o niniiaeo e?nao E?eio aeieeaee ? a
ieioeiio (Eiiaea?aee, 1873; Eaiiai, 1885 oa ?io.) i?aeoe/ii iiai?noth
a?aenooiy ?ioi?iaoe?y i?i ieo iaa?oue e?niainiiaea?nueeiai ieaio.
?aeeiei aeaea?aeii, eio?a aea? ciiao noaeeoe i?i noai ENE iai?ee?ioe?
ieioeiai noie?ooy, ? ?iaioa A.?.Noaieaae/a (1908) oa ?aoeaic?y ia oeth
?iaioo (A.N., 1909). Iaeaeaa aaoi?e ia i?aenoaa? oaenaoe?eieo iien?a
aa??a aeacothoue ia oni?oi?noue i?e?iaeiiai a?aeiiaeaiiy ninie i?ney
iiaeaae? ? iaaeioe?euei?noue ao?o/aiiy a oeae i?ioean ethaeeie.
Ae?aiao?aeueii i?ioeeaaeio oi/eo ci?o ia a?aeiiaeaiiy niniiaeo e?n?a
aeneiaeth? ss.I.Ae?aeoo (1990, 1992) aaaaeath/e, ui i??iaaiia noeoean?y
ENE i?io?ea? ca aiaeiaeiaaiaoe/iei oeiii ? ? iaiaa?iaiith. Iiey?i?noue
iaaaaeaieo iiaeyae?a ia i?ioean i?neyiiaeaaeiiai a?aeiiaeaiiy ENE
cia/iei /eiii aecia/eei oaiaoeeo oe??? ?iaioe.

Aeaaa 4. Caeiiii??iino? oa oaiaeaioe?? iiaeaae a e?einueeininiiaeo e?nao

Ca 40-??/iee ia??iae a ENE aeieeei 520 iiaeaae, a ?o ieiua neeaea 490
aa. Ca e?euee?noth iiaeaae aaniethoii aeii?ioaaee Ao?coonueea (AE) oa
Aeoieeinueea (AE) e?nieoeoaa, ia ye? i?eiaaea? 73,6% on?o i??iaaiieo
?ioeeaeaio?a. Aiae?c aeeiai?ee iiaeaaeieo aeiaaee?a iieaco? iaooeeueiee
?o c??no a on?o e?nieoeoaao. Oae o AE ?o e?euee?noue ca ia??iae c 1952
ii 1992 ??. c?inea iaeaea a i’youe ?ac?a; o E?aaae?enueeiio e?nieoeoa?
(EE) – a 1,4 ?ace; o AE – iiiaae aeaa ?ace, a o Iiieci?anueeiio
e?nieoeoa? (IE) – iiiaae n?i ?ac?a. A sseoeinueeiio e?nieoeoa? (ssE) ca
ia??iae c 1962 ii 1993 ??. e?euee?noue iiaeaae ca?eueoeeanue a?eueo ye a
aeaa ?ace.

C?noaaeaiiy ieiu aa??a oa e?eueeino? aiaiaaeo ?ioeeaeaio?a ie?aii c
eiaeiiai e?nieoeoaa iieaco?, ui iaeieae/a /anoioa iiaeaae ? iaea?eueoa
na?aaeiy ieiua ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo iiaeaae i?eiaaea? ia ssE, ?icoaoiaaia o
aeuiio a?iniiao?e/iiio noai??. Oaeei /eiii o niniiaeo e?nao i?aaeaiiiai
iae?inoeeo c? ca?eueoaiiyi aenioe iaae ??aiai ii?y ciaioo?oueny /anoioa
aeieeiaiiy iiaeaae oa ca?eueoo?oueny ?o ieiua ? iaaiaee – c? cieaeaiiyi
ca?eueoo?oueny /anoioa iiaeaae oa ciaioo?oueny ?o ieiua.

Naciiia aeeiai?ea iiaeaae oa ieiu, eio?? aiie ioiiethaaee, ei?aeth? c
naciiieie aa??aoe?yie aieiaieo iaoaioaeoi??a. Oae, o ssAEIC ia ceiiaee
ia??iae i?eiaaea? 5% on?o iiaeaaeieo ?ioeeaeaio?a oa 1% on??? aeai??ei?
ieiu?; iaaani? – 25% ?ioeeaeaio?a oa 29% aeai??ei? ieiu?; ae?oeo 44%
iiaeaae oa 65% ieiu?; ainaie – 26% iiaeaae ? 5% ieiuaae?a. Aiaeia?/ia
aeeiai?ea niinoa??aaeanue ? a ssE.

E?eoe/iee aiae?c i?e/ei aeieeiaiiy iiaeaae o ENE IIAIEA ae?aaiinoo?
aaniethoia i?aaaethaaiiy aio?iiiaaiieo iiaeaae iaae i?e?iaeieie (ui
aeieeathoue a?ae aeeneaaie). sseui ia?o? neeaaeathoue 96% a?ae caaaeo,
oi /anoea ae?oaeo aei??aith? o?eueee 3,3%.

Aeaaa 5. No?oeoo?iee aiae?c iinoi??iaaiieo oeaiic?a

5.1. Nenoaiaoe/ia no?oeoo?a.

Anueiai ca /an aeine?aeaeaiue aeyaeaii 226 aeae?a, ui iaeaaeaoue aei 150
?iae?a oa 54 ?iaeei. ?icoaooaaiiy oaeniiii?/ieo iaeeieoeue ??ciiai
nenoaiaoe/iiai ?aiao ia o?iiio?aiae? i??iaaiii? noeoean?? (?en.1)
iieaco?, ui ?o iaeneioi i?eiaaea? ia i’yoa??/io oi/eo o?aiaea, a o
?ioa?aae? 6-120 ?ie?a niinoa??aa?oueny nei?i/aiiy e?eueeino? i?eaaaeaieo
oaeniiii?/ieo iaeeieoeue. Aiaeia?/ia aeeiai?ea (c i?eii aeaeiaiai
??ciiiai?ooy ia 4-5 ?ioe?) a?aecia/aeanue ? aeey ?ioeo neea?io?eueieo
oa?oiiaaiue na?aaecaiiiii?nueeiai oeio (Trabaund, 1983). Oaeaeea
ii/aoeiaa ca?eueoaiiy e?eueeino? aeae?a ia i?iia?ieo noaae?yo noeoean??
iaoiiaeth?oueny ii?ooaiiyi no?oeoo?e aai?eaaiieo oa?oiiaaiue oa
oi?iaaaeaeaiiyi a ieo oei?enoe/ieo aeaiaio?a c oe?ieith aeieia?/iith
aiie?ooaeith, a iiaeaeueoa nei?i/aiiy – i?ioeanii aeeoa?aioe?aoe??
?ineeiieo i?o, ui noi?iaiaeaeo?oueny ae?i?iaoe??th c? neeaaeo na??eieo
oa?oiiaaiue ie?aieo aeae?a.

Anoaiiaeaii, ui ia an?o noaae?yo noeoean?? caa??aa?oueny i?eaeeciee
ia?eoao ianyao ?iaeei, ui aecia/athoue na?aaecaiiiii?nueeee oei
na??aeueieo oei?enoe/ieo niaeo??a, iaoiiaeaiee aenieei iieiaeaiiyi a ieo
?iae. Fabaceae, Lamiaceae oa Apiaceae. Cia/ia ieoiia aaaa (19,7-21,0%) a
ii??aiyii? c aeiiiaeaaeiei aeae?a ?iae. Asteraceae ia i?iia?ieo noaae?yo
noeoean?? ? iane?aeeii ii?ooaiiy aeine?aeaeoaaieo aeioii?a (Silvertown,
1983), a e?aea?noai oa aenieee a?aenioie o/ano? aeae?a ?iae. Rosaceae o
oeaiicao i?ciueinoeoean?eiiai ia??iaeo iaaea? ?i ?ene oa?iiiaii?aeueiiai
oa?aeoa?o, caeeaeath/e ?o c oeaio?aeueii?a?iiaenueeeie oe?ieieenoyieie
e?naie c iaeiiai aieo oa a??nueeeie ieiaeiaeie e?naie c ?ioiai.

Caaaeueiee aiae?c i?neyiiaeaaeii? oei?e onueiai o?iiio?aiaeo (0-120
?ie?a) iieaco?, ui ia iie?eoiian?ii? i?eiaaea? 97,8%, a /anoea
aieiian?iieo oa noaeeiieo nii?iaeo neeaaea? onueiai 2,2%. Na?aae
iie?eoiian?iieo ia iaeiin?i’yaeieuei? i?eiaaea? 10,86, a ia
aeain?i’yaeieuei? – 89,14%, ui neeaaea? 1/8,3. Ni?aa?aeiioaiiy
/enaeueiino? iaeii- oa aeain?i’yaeieueieo i?ioyaii o?iiio?aiaeo aa??th?
o iaaaeeeeo iaaeao (1/6,3- 1/7,9), iaeiae aei inoaiiuei? oi/ee (120
?ie?a) /enei iaeiin?i’yaeieueieo ??cei nei?i/o?oueny, a ni?aa?aeiioaiiy
neeaaea? 1/18,6.

5.2. Aaia?ao?/ia no?oeoo?a.

A iniiao aeeiiaiiai aiae?co iieeaaeaia oeiieia?y ?ic?iaeaia
I.?.?oaoeiaei (1973) ia aac? ?aeae I.I.A?inaaeia (1936). A?aeiiino?
uiaei oa?aeoa??a a?aae?a caiice/ai? c? caaaeaiiy “Aeieiae/aneay oei?a
E?uia” (Aieoaaa, 1996).

I?iaaaeaiee aiae?c aaia?ao?/ii? no?oeoo?e oei?e i?neyiiaeaaeieo oeaiic?a
iieaco? ?? cia/io aaoa?iaaii?noue. A ?? ooai?aii? aa?ooue o/anoue 24
aaia?ao?/i? aeaiaioe o neeaae? i’yoe oei?a a?aae?a –
aeaaiueina?aaecaiiiii?nueeiai (Ae), ia?ao?aeiiai
?a?iiaenueei-na?aaecaiiiii?nueeiai (I?NAe), aiea?eoe/iiai oa
iaeaa?eoe/iiai (AI), ?a?ac?enueeiai noaiiaiai (?NO), ia?ao?aeiiai
na?aaecaiiiii?nueeiai-?a?ac?enueeiai (IN?N), a oaeiae aaeaaioeaieo
aeae?a (A). ?ieue eiaeiiai c ieo a oi?ioaaii? aeacaii? no?oeoo?e aoea
iaiaeiaeiaith ? iii?oii aa??thaaea ia noeoean?eiiio o?aiae? (?en.2).
Oae, iniiaia yae?i oei?enoe/ieo niaeo??a i?neyiiaeaaeieo oeaiic?a ia
an?o aoaiao noeoean?? neeaaeaee aeaee Ae, I?NAe oa AI oei?a a?aae?a, a
iae/enaeuei?oeie o ?o neeaae? aoee e?einuee? aiaeai?ee,
?a?iiaenueei-na?aaecaiiiii?nueei-ia?aaeiueiac?enuee?,
?a?iiaenueeina?aaecaiiiii?nuee?, cao?aeii-iaeaa?eoe/i? oa ?io. aeaee.
Eiiiiceoe?eia niaoeeo?ea niaeo??a i?ciueinoeoean?eieo noaae?e
ae?aaiinoo? ?ene oa?iiiaii?aeueiiai oa?aeoa?o oi?ioth/eo oeaiic?a, ui
iaoiiaeth?oueny ca?eueoaiiyi ?ie? a ieo aeae?a I?NAe oa AI oei?a
a?aae?a. Caa?aaeaiiy, a oe?eiio, aeiiiaeaaeiiai noaoono o niaeo?ao
aeae?a Ae, ?NO oa AI oei?a, a oaeiae iacia/ia ?ieue oa /aniaa
iaiaaeai?noue aaeaaioeaieo aeae?a ia o?aiae? i??iaaiii? noeoean??,
oa?aeoa?eco? a?aaeia?/io no?oeoo?o ENE ye aeineoue cae?eoo oei?enoe/io
nenoaio.

5.3. A?iii?oieia?/ia no?oeoo?a.

Oa?aeoa? e?niaeo i??iaaiieo noeoean?e caeaa?eueoiai aecia/a?oueny
aeeiai?eith aeeoo?aeo oi?i (Nie?iia, 1979; Ea?aaeiia, Aieei?acia, 1988),
ui aieiae?thoue niaoeeo?/ieie aaeaioaoe?yie aai iaaieie oi?iaie
aca?iia?aeiinei c? na?aaeiaeuai (Iae?, 1974). Aeey ioe?iee aeacaii?
iciaee aoea aeei?enoaia e?i?eia nenoaia aeeoo?aeo oi?i A.I. Aieoaaaa
(Aieoaaa, 1972; 1977) oiio ui i?eaaaeai? aeey ii??aiyiiy ?iaioe oaeiae
aeeiiai? a iaaeao oe??? nenoaie.

A i?ioean? a?aeiiaeaiiy ENE aa?ooue o/anoue aeaee i?aaenoaaeai?
aeaa’youeia a?iii?oaie. E?euee?nia aeeiai?ea ?o ci?ith?oueny ca
ia?aaie?/iei o?aiaeii c iaeneioiii ia a?ae??ceo 6-25 ?ie?a (9 a?ii?o) oa
i?i?ioiii o i?ciueinoeoean?eiee ia??iae (5 a?iii?o). O ei??iieo oeaiicao
e?euee?noue a?iii?o eieeaa?oueny a?ae 8 aei 10 (Aeeaeoo, 1992;
Ieeeoi?ia, 1993; Oaeya-Niniiei, Aeeaeoo, 1980). sseui a?aooaaoe, ui
??ciiiai?ooy aeeoo?aeo oi?i o a?eueoino? aecia/a? nooi?iue i?enoinoaaiiy
?ineeiieo oa?oiiaaiue aei i?noeac?inoaiiy (/ei aeua ??ciiiai?ooy, oei
a?eueoa oeyo?a oa niinia?a i?enoinoaaiiy) (Eiia?iaa, 1980), oi
no?ee?noue a?aeiiaethaaieo e?niaeo oeaiic?a aei ??ciiai ?iaeo ii?ooaiue,
iaaii, aoaea ieae/a, /ei o aiaeia?/ieo oa?oiiaaiue c a?eueo
??ciiiai?oiei neeaaeii a?iii?o. Aiae?c ?iciiae?eo a?iii?o ia
o?iiio?aiae? iieaco?, ui ia an?o noaae?yo noeoean?? aeii?iothoue
o?aa’yieno? iie?ea?i?ee, ieoiia aaaa eio?eo o niaeo?ao eieeaaeanue a?ae
52,1 aei 64,1% (?en.3). Ii??aiyiiy c aeiiiaeaaeieie oeaiicaie
anoaiiaeth? iaaio nooi?iue aeniain?? /aaa?ieeiaeo oi?i o na??eieo
oei?ao, iniaeeai ia a?ae??ceo 26-50 ?ie?a, a oaeiae iayai?noue /?oei
aeyaeaiiai i?eo /enaeueiino? ia i’yoee ??e noeoean?? iceieo
iaeii??/iee?a, a oie /an ye y?ia? ?iciiae?eai? ia o?aiae? a?eueo-iaio
??aiii??ii. Aea?aai? oi?ie i?enooi? ia an?o noaae?yo o?aiaeo, aea
iaeneiaeueia o/anoue ?o o i?neyiiaeaaei?e oei?? niinoa??aaeanue ia 50-e
??e noeoean??. A?aeiinii aenieee a?aenioie o niaeo?? ia?oiai ?ieo (6,9%)
iiynith?oueny caeaoi?noth eenoiiaaeieo oi?i aeaaaoe ei?aiaao ii?ineue c?
niey/eo a?oiueie.

Ii?aeiaiiy aeaieo a?iii?oieia?/iiai aiae?co c a?aeiiniith ieiuath
i?iaeoe?? iacaiieo /anoei ?ineei o?aa’yiiai, /aaa?ieeiaiai oa aea?aaiiai
y?on?a aeicaieeei aeae?eeoe aaeee? noeoean?ei? noaae?? – o?aa’yio (0-25
?ie?a), /aaa?ieeiao (26-50 ?ie?a) oa aea?aaio – ui ii/eia?oueny i?ney
50-ai ?ieo.

5.4. Aeioeaiioe/ia no?oeoo?a.

A caeaaeiino? a?ae nooiaiy ae?aaeaiiy aeoioeyoeaii-aeaioaeaoe?eieo
i?ioean?a on? aeioiie aoee ?icae?eai? ia oae? oeie AeA, AA, oa NA.
A?aeiia?aeii aeaee aei ieo i?eo?i/ai? iaea?aeaee ca oa?i?iieia??th A.I.
Aieoaaaa (Aieoaaa, 1996) noaoon e?oio?o?a – AeA, aa?iiaaeao?o?a – AA oa
oaeoeueoaoeaieo e?oio?o?a aai iaaeao?o?a – NA. Anoaiiaeaii, ui ia an?o
aoaiao noeoean?? ia?aaaaeathoue aeaee, ui a?aeaeathoue ia?aaaao AA (?en.
4). Aeiyoeii ? ??/ia oi/ea o?aiaeo, aea ni?aa?aeiioaiiy iaaeao?o?a oa
e?oio?o?a iaeiaeiaa – 36,2%. Noaa?eueiei i?ioyaii an??? noeoean??
caeeoa?oueny o/anoue aeae?a NA, ui iiynith?oueny ?o aeieia?/iith
ieanoe/i?noth. I?eeiath/e e?euee?nia ni?aa?aeiioaiiy o i?neyiiaeaaeieo
oeaiicao e?oio?oieo aeae?a oa iaaeaoeo?a ye iia?/iee iieaciee
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy aeoioeyoe?? oa aeaioaeaoe??, ne?ae cacia/eoe, ui ca
aeiyoeii ??/ii? oi/ee o?iiio?aiaeo aeoioeyoe?ei? i?ioeane ?
ia?aaaaeath/eie.

Oeaiioe/ia no?oeoo?a oeaiic?a oa?aeoa?ecoaaeanue iaie ye e?euee?nia
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy aeae?a ca aeaiia iciaeaie – nooiaiai iino?eiino?
(/anoioa cono??/) oa aaee/ei? ?o i?iaeoeaiiai iie?eooy. Aeeiai?ea
/anoioe o?aieyiiy aeae?a ia o?iiio?aiae? (?en. 5) aecia/aeanue
ia?aaaaeaiiyi a oeaiicao ii/aoeiaeo noeoean?eieo noaae?e (o?aa’yia oa
/aaa?ieeiaa) aeae?a c iecueeei eeanii iino?eiino? ? cia/iei cieaeaiiyi
?o /enaeueiino? a i?ciueinoeoean?eiiio ia??iae? (aea?aaia noaae?y). A
oeae aea /an ia oii? oeueiai nei?i/aiiy niinoa??aa?oueny ca?eueoaiiy
?ie? o o?oioeaiicao aeae?a c aenieei nooiaiai iino?eiino?. Oae ia
inoaii?e oi/oe? o?aiaeo aoee a?aenooi? aeaee c ? oa ?? ?eanii, aea
cia/ii ca?eueoeeanue e?euee?noue aeae?a c ?V oa V eeanii iino?eiino?.
Iiae?aia aeeiai?ea ? na?ae/aiiyi aenieiai nooiaiy aeeoa?aioe?aoe??
?ineeiieo i?o i?ciueinoeoean?eieo oeaiic?a, aea aeiaaeeiaei aeaeai
iaeaea iaia oain?a cae??ieoenue.

Aiae?c aeeiai?ee i?iaeoeaiiai iie?eooy ae?aaiinoo?, ui oi?iaeiaae
anueiai o?iiio?aiaeo iae/enaeuei?oeie aoee aeaee c i?iaeoeaiei iie?eooyi
iaioa i’yoe a?aenioe?a. ?o a?aeiinia e?euee?noue eieeaaeanue o iaaeao
74,8-86,2%, ui oe?eeii oa?aeoa?ii aeey ei??iieo e?einueeininiiaeo
oeaiic?a (Oaeya-Niniiei, Aeeaeoo, 1980). Noaa?eueiei i?ioyaii noeoean??
caeeoa?oueny a?aenioie aeae?a c i?iaeoeaiei iie?eooyi 5-10%, a aeaee c
aeuei aiaeia?/iei iieacieeii cia/ii ca?eueoothoue e?euee?noue ia
inoaii?e oi/oe? o?aiaeo.

Ii??aiyiiy aeaeiaiai neeaaeo i?neyiiaeaaeieo oeaiic?a c aeiiiaeaaeieie
aeaco?, ui a?eueo?noue oeiiaeo aeey ENE aeae?a c’yaeythoueny ia caa?euao
iae?aco i?ney aiaiaaiai aieeao.

Aeaaa 6. Noaia i??iaaiii? noeoean?? e?einueeininiiaeo e?n?a

Aeey iiaoaeiae caaaeueii? noaie i??iaaiii? noeoean?? aoea i?iaaaeaia
aeaii??ia i?aeeiaoe?y aeine?aeaeaieo oeaiic?a. O yeino? i?aeeiaoe?eieo
in?a aenooiaee c iaeiiai aieo a?e oa?oiiaaiue (o?iiieeei), a c ?ioiai –
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy i?ioean?a aeoioeyoe?? oa aeaioaeaoe?? (aeieeei). Aea??
inoaiiueiai aoei i?iaeeeoiaaii ieceith ianoaaei. Ii-ia?oa, noai
aaeaoioiio ciaoiaeeoueny o aaciina?aaei?e caeaaeiino? a?ae nooiaiy
ae?aaeaiiy aeaioaeaoe?eieo aai aeoioeyoe?eieo i?ioean?a, eio??
caeaa?eueoiai aecia/athoue oa?aeoa? eiai ?ineeiiino?. Ii-ae?oaa,
?icoaooaaiiy ia aeieeei? i?inoi aeae?eaieo AA, AeA oa NA iicaaaeei a
noaio aeeiai?/iiai aniaeoo oa aeciaaaei ca oa?oiiaaiiyie oeeo aeioii?a
aenieee nooi?iue aeene?aoiino?, ui aeecueei aei oieinoe/iiai ?icoi?iiy
noeoean??. ?, ii -o?ao?, oi?aa?naeuei?noue oa?i?io oa aeania i?ioeano
“aeoioeyoe?y” aeicaiey? o?aeooaaoe eiai ye aoaeue-yea a?aeeeaaeaiiy aai
iaeiie/aiiy ia o?eueee aa?iaaiiiai, aea e a?iaaiiiai iaoa??aeo (Ee?aaa,
1984), cie?aia, e?niai? i?aenoeeee. Aacia?a/ii, aea?ai? in? i?aeeiao ia
iiaeooue a?aeia?aceoe aanue niaeo? oaeoi??a na?aaeiaeua, ui aieeaathoue
ia i?ioean i?neyiiaeaaeiiai a?aeiiaeaiiy, oiio iiaeaia noaia aeayeith
i??ith ? ?aeaae?ciaaiei eiai aa??aioii.

6.1. Noeoean?eiee ?yae AeA.

Noeoean?y a oeeo aeioiiao ?icoaoiaaieo e?ai?o/ ia aeieeei? (?en. 6)
i?io?ea? o iai?yieo ca?eueoaiiy a ?ineeiieo oa?oiiaaiiyo o?oioeaiioe/ii?
?ie? Quercus pubescens Willd. sseui ia i?iia?ii? noaae?? a?i cono??/aany
o aeaeyae? iecueei? ??aeei? ii?ine?, oi ia inoaii?e – aenooia? ye
iiooaeiee aaeeo?eaoi?. O?aa’yiee y?on ?ic??aeaeaiee iica?/iee. Eiai
aeii?iaioaie aenooiathoue Galium biebersteinii Ehrend., Seseli
dichotomum Pall. ax Bieb., Fumana procumbens (Dun.) Gren. at Godr.,
Centaurea sterilis Stev. oa ?io. *aaa?ieeiaee y?on ia ae?aaeaiee. Ne?ae
cacia/eoe, ui oeaiice c aeii?ioaaiiyi a aea?aaiiio y?on? Quercus
pubescens o iaae? aei?iaoaaeueieo iaeaeai/ee?a ia iiiaaeaee, aea
caiaaeoi /anoi cono??/aeeny o aeaeyae? ie?aieo “ae?aieaiue” o iiyn? ENE.
Oiio o?ae noeoean?eiiai i?ioeano ia oeeo aeioiiao i?ney 25-ai ?ieo
i?iaiicoaaany iaie ia i?aenoaa? aeaaeoeoeaieo i?aeoiae?a.

A?aenooi?noue aai iacia/ia e?euee?noue ia?inoe?a ninie ia ii/aoeiaeo
noaae?yo iiynith?oueny iacia/iei /eneii i?noeue aeey ?inoo, eio??, aei
oiai ae, caeiyo? oeiiaeie e?oio?oieie aeaeaie. Iaaeae? a?aenooi?noue
iaoiiaeth?oueny caeaoi?noth ei?aiaai? nenoaie aeoaa aeae?eyoe
aeaeiiaoe/i? ?a/iaeie ui iiai?/othoue ??no oa ?icaeoie niniiaeo n?yioe?a
(Bacilieri oa ?io. 1993).

6.2. Noeoean?eiee ?yae NA.

Ia ii/aoeo noeoean?? (0-5 ?ie?a) ooo ooai?ththoueny oeaiice c ??aeeei
iica?/iei o?aa’yiei y?onii, aeii?iaioii eio?iai aenooiaa Teucrium
chamaedrys L., a ni?aaeii?iaioaie – Galium mollugo L., Dorycnium
herbaceum Vill. oa ?io. C?ieioo?noue /aaa?ieeiaiai y?ono neeaaeaea
0,1-0,2, a o eiai neeaae? iii?oii aeae?eyeenue Cotinus coggygria Scop.
oa Rhus coriaria L. O/anoue ?ioeo /aaa?ieeiaeo aeae?a aecia/aeanue
nooiaiai iioeiaeaeaiiy aiaiai ?o iaaecaiieo iaaii?a. Aea?aaiee y?on ia
oeueiio /aniaiio a?ae??ceo a?aenooi?e. E?euee?noue i?ae?inoo ninie
caeaaeaei a?ae aeecueeino? aai a?aeaeaeaiino? aeaea?ae ian?iiy, oiio ui
ia iaeaeai/eeao ?icoaoiaaieo o oeaio?? aa??a e?euee?noue noiae?a aoea
cia/ii iaioith, i?ae ia ?o ia?eoa???.

Aeae? aaiacen o?oioeaiic?a eaea o iai?yieo oneeaaeiaiiy ?o aa?oeeaeueii?
no?oeoo?e. Oae ia 25-e ??e c’yaey?oueny aea?aaiee y?on, ?ai?acaioiaaiee
iiiaeeiieeie aecaiiey?aie Pinus pallasiana oa Sorbus torminalis (L.)
Crantz. Oa?aeoa? o?aa’yiiai oa /aaa?ieeiaiai y?on?a caeeoaany iaeaea
iaci?iiei.

A?ae??cie o?iiio?aiaeo 26-120 ?ie?a oa?aeoa?eco?oueny ci?oeiaiiyi o
aea?aaiiio y?on? ?ie? ninie, eio?a noa? eiai iiiiaeii?iaioii c?
c?ieioo?noth e?ii 0,6-0,8. C ?aae?caoe??th ninie ye iiooaeiiai
aaeeo?eaoi?a ie iia’yco?ii aeaa?aaeaoe?th /aaa?ieeiaiai y?ono, eio?ee ia
inoaii?e oi/oe? iaeaea ia ae?aaeaiee. Aeaeiaee neeaae oa oa?aeoa?
o?aa’yiiai y?ono caeaaeeoue a?ae na?oeiaiai ?aaeeio niniye?a.

6.3. Noeoean?eiee ?yae ia AA.

Ia ia?oee ??e noeoean?? ooo oi?iothoueny oeaiice i?aaenoaaeai?
o?aa’yieie aeaeaie c iecueeei i?iaeoeaiei iie?eooyi. I?enooi?noue
a?eueoino? coiiaeaia

aeeaeiith caeyaaiiy a?oiueie a?aeiiaeaiiy, a aeii?ioaaiiy ie?aieo –
nooiaiai oa?iino?eeino? oeeo no?oeoo?. *aaa?ieeiaee oa aea?aaiee y?one
a?aenooi?.

Ia i’yoee ??e ?ineeii? oa?oiiaaiiy ci?iththoueny o?aa’yieie
o?oioeaiicaie, aeaeyae eio?eo aecia/aee u?eueiiaea?ieii? ceaee –
Brachipodium rupestre (Host) Roem. at Schult., B. ?innatum (L.) Beauv.
Ia i?noeyo c ii?ooaiei a?oioiaei iie?eaii ooai?ththoueny oa?oiiaaiiy c
aeii?ioaaiiyi aeae?a ?iaeo Rubus oa ?oaea?aeaie. Nai?i iioiaeaeaiiyi
aiie caaia’ycai? aoaeue-ye?e aio?iiiaaii?e ae?yeueiino?, ui aeeeeea?
ii?ooaiiy a?oioo oa ?ineeiiiai iie?eao. ?? ianooaae aecia/athoue
?ai?acaioaoeai?noue oaeeo ?ineeiieo iaeeieoeue ia caa?euao, a
?ioaineai?noue – oa?aeoa? ?o ianooiiiai ?icaeoeo. Oni?o a?aeiiaeaiiy
ninie ia oeeo aeioiiao iaoiiaeaiee iayai?noth ian?iiy oa onoiaiiyi
eiieo?aioe?? c aieo u?eueiiaea?ieiieo ceae?a, a oaeiae nei?i/aiiyi
ianooaa?a i?neyiiaeaaeieo ?ia?o.

Ia 25-e ??e noeoean?? o?c?iiii?/iee aniaeo oa?oiiaaiue ci?ith?oueny, ui
iia’ycaii c iiyaith /aaa?ieeiaiai oa aea?aaiiai y?on?a. Cono??ioo? ooo
iiiaeeiie? aecaiiey?e Pinus pallasiana ca nai?ie aenioieie ia?aiao?aie
aoiaeeee aei neeaaeo ye /aaa?ieeiaiai oae e aea?aaiiai y?on?a.

E??i aeacaieo oa?oiiaaiue, ooo oi?ioaaany ua iaeei aeae o?oioeaiic?a c
aeaiy?oniith no?oeoo?ith. O o?aa’yiiio y?on? ?o i?aaaethaaee Carex
cuspidata Host, Brachipodium rupestre, Helianthemum grandiflorum (Scop.)
DC., a a /aaa?ieeiaiio – aeaee ?iaeo Rubus. A?aoiaoth/e oa, ui ia aa??
i?iaiaeeeeny ?ioaineai? ?iaioe c? noai?aiiy e?niaeo eoeueoo? ie
?icaeyaea?ii ?o ye aa??aio ?icaeoeo o?oioeaiic?a c ?oaea?aeueiith
?ineeii?noth i’yoe??/ii? oi/ee o?aiaeo.

Ia 50-??/i?e oi/oe? o?iiio?aiaeo oi?iothoueny oeaiice i?aaenoaaeai?
e?niaeie ianaaeaeaiiyie c aeii?ioaaiiyi a aea?aaiiio y?on? Pinus
pallasiana ? iaeeie/ieie iniaeiaie Carpinus betulus L. oa Acer stevenii
Pojark. o i?aee?neo. O?aa’yiee y?on aiane?aeie aaeeeiai cao?iaiiy ?
iiooaeiiai oa?o oaieii? i?aenoeeee ??aeeee. O neeaae? /aaa?ieeiaiai
y?ono aeii?ioaaee Cornus mas L., Euonymus verrucosa Scop., Corylus
avellana L.

Ia inoaii?e oi/oe? o?aiaeo ninia caa??aa? aeii?ioth/? iiceoe?? o
aea?aaiiio y?on?. O ca’yceo c ?ic?ieiaiiyi aa?oiueiai iieiao oa
iie?ioaiiyi na?oeiaiai ?aaeeio niniye?a cia/ii ca?eueoo?oueny ?ieue
o?aa’yiiai y?ono, iniiaiei aeii?iaioii eio?iai aenooia? Brachipodium
rupestre. *aaa?ieeiaee y?on a oeeo o?oioeaiicao a?aenooi?e.

6.4. Aeeiai?ea oeaiic?a ia aeieeei?.

Caaaeaia iine?aeiai?noue ci?i a ie?aii acyoeo noeoean?eieo ?yaeao
caa??aa?oueny, ia iao iiaeyae, o?eueee ca oiiae iaeiaeiaiai ia?eoaoo
i?ae i?ioeanaie aeoioeyoe?? oa aeaioaeaoe??. A?aoiaoth/e oa, ui
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy o i?neyiiaeaaeieo oeaiicao e?oio?oieo ? iaaeao?oieo
aeae?a ? iina?aaei?i iieacieeii ae?aaeaiiy oeeo i?ioean?a,
i?iaiicoaaeeny oae? aa??aioe aaiaceno na??eieo oeaiic?a.

O ?ioa?aae? 0-5 ?ie?a ca oiia ia?aaaae aeoioeyoeaieo i?ioean?a ?ineeii?
oa?oiiaaiiy AeA iiaeooue aoiaeeoe o neeaae oeaiic?a NA ? a iiaeaeueoiio
iiaoi?thaaoe noeoean?eiee ?yae inoaii?o. Aiaeia?/ia ci?uaiiy ia aeieeei?
i?eoaiaiia ? aeey oeaiic?a NA, eio?? o?ainoi?iothoueny o o?oioeaiice c
aeii?ioaaiiyi Brachipodium rupestre, B. ?innatum oa ?io. ? iiaeaeueoee
?o ?icaeoie i?yio? a iaaeao noeoean?eiiai ?yaeo AA.

Oa?oiiaaiiy c aeii?ioaaiiyi ?oaea?ae?a oa /aaa?iee?a ?iaeo Rubus a
caeaaeiino? a?ae ?ioaineaiino? aio?iiiaaiieo iao?thaaiue iiaeooue iaoe
aeae?eueea aa??aio?a ?icaeoeo. I?e aenieiio nooiai? aio?ii?an?? (ui
?i?oe?th? aeoeai? aeaioaeaoe?ei? i?ioeane) aiie ia?aoiaeyoue o oeaiice,
ui iaaaaeothoue ca oa?aeoa?ii ?ineeiiino? e?oio?oi? c ao?aoith
a?eueoino? ?oaea?aeueieo aeae?a. sseui nooiaiue ii?ooaiino? iacia/iee,
?icaeoie oeaiic?a iiaea eoe aeaiia oeyoaie. Ia?oee – oa?aeoa?eco?oueny
eiiaa?aoaaiiyi ?o (c 1-2-??/iei cao?eiaiiyi) c o?oioeaiicaie AA ?
iine?aeiaiei iiaoi?aiiyi ?o aaiaceno. Ae?oaee – iia’ycaiee c iinooiiaei
ae/eaiaiiyi c /enea aeii?iaio?a ?oaea?aeueieo aeae?a ? iine?aeiaiith
cai?iith ?o Carex cuspidata, Brachipodium rupestre, Helianthemum
grandiflorum, ii?yae c eio?eie iii?oio ?ieue a?ae?a?athoue e?aiiaeaei?
/aaa?ieee c ?iaeo Rubus. Oae? oeaiice ? aeineoue iano?eeeie ?, aei oiai
ae, aeyaeythoue oaiaeaioe?th aei e?oio?oecaoe?? ?ineeiiino?. Noiaeo
oaiaeaioe?th iaa?oue i?e iacia/iiio aio?iiiaaiiiio iaaaioaaeaii?,
iathoue oa?oiiaaiiy NA.

Ii i??? oi?ioaaiiy ?ineeiiiai iie?eao oaeaee?noue
aeoioeyoeaii-aeaioaeaoe?eieo i?ioean?a cieaeo?oueny oiio ci?uaiiy
oeaiic?a ia aeieeei? o ?ioa?aae? 6-25 ?ie?a ? iaeiaaaeeeaei.

Ia ianooiiiio /aniaiio a?ae??ceo (26-50 ?ie?a) ie ia aeeeth/a?ii
iiaeeeaino? ci?uaiiy oa?oiiaaiue NA o a?e ca?eueoaiiy ?o o?ioiino?, ui
iia’ycaii c iaeiie/aiiyi a?iaaiiiai iaoa??aeo (oaieii? i?aenoeeee oa
i?iaeoeo?a ?? ?iciaaeo).

Noeoean?eiee aoai 51-120 ?ie?a oa?aeoa?eco?oueny ci?oeiaiiyi ca’yce?a
i?ae eiiiiiaioaie oa?oiiaaiue, c?inoaiiyi ?o no?eeino? noiniaii
ciai?oi?o oaeoi??a. Oiio ci?uaiiy oeaiic?a ia aeieeei? ? iaeiaaaeeeaei.

AENIIAEE

1. Aiae?c i?neyiiaeaaeieo oeaiic?a e?einueeininiiaeo e?n?a IIAIEA
iieaco?, ui ae?y i??iaaiiiai oaeoi?o iaei ci?ith? ?o oei?i-oeaiioe/io
no?oeoo?o ? a naith /a?ao na?ae/eoue i?i aaiethoe?eio i?enoiniaai?noue
oeeo aeinenoai aei aiaith ye i?e?iaeiiai oaeoi?o;

2. O neeaae? i?neyiiaeaaeieo ?ineeiieo oa?oiiaaiue aeyaeaii 226 aeae?a,
ui a?aeiinyoueny aei 150 ?iae?a ? 54 ?iaeei. Iaea?eueoei aeaeiaei
??ciiiai?ooyi a?aecia/aeenue oeaiice ?aii?o noeoean?eieo noaae?e (138
aeae?a), a iaeiaioei i?ciueinoeoean?ei? o?oioeaiice (39 aeae?a). Aeniea
iieiaeaiiy oa ieoiia aaaa oaeeo ?iaeei ye Fabaceae (5,2-10,9 %),
Lamiaceae (5,0-9,5 %), Apiaceae (3,6-10,3 %) aecia/aee
na?aaecaiiiii?nueeee oei na??aeueieo niaeo??a, oa?aeoa?iee e aeey
ei??iieo oeaiic?a;

3. Caa?aaeaiiy aeiiiaeaaeiiai noaoono aeae?a Ae, IN?N oa ?NO oei?a
a?aae?a, a oaeiae iacia/ia ?ieue ? /aniaa iaiaaeai?noue aaeaaioeaieo
aeae?a na?ae/eoue i?i aenieee nooi?iue eiina?aaoeaiino? i?e?iaeii?
nenoaie aei ae?? i??iaaiiiai oaeoi?o;

4. Ai?iaeiaae i??iaaiii? noeoean?? ENE a?aeaoaa?oueny cieaeaiiy
a?iii?oieia?/iiai ??ciiiai?ooy (a?ae 9 aei 5 a?iii?o), a o?eaae?noue
a?aeiiaethaaeueiiai i?ioeano coiiaeth?oueny iine?aeiaiith ci?iith
o?aa’yii? (0-25 ?ie?a), /aaa?ieeiai? (26-50 ?ie?a) oa aea?aaii? (ui
ii/eia?oueny c 50-ai ?ieo) noaae?e;

5. Aeaee aaeeo?eaoi?e o?aa’yiiai, /aaa?ieeiaiai oa aea?aaiiai y?on?a
i?eoaiaii? aeiiiaeaaeiei oeaiicai c’yaeythoueny ia caa?euao a ia?o? ?iee
noeoean??, ui coiiaeth? o?ae noeoean?? a iaaeao iiaeae? ?i?oe?aeueii?
oei?e (initial floristic model), oa?aeoa?ii? aeey a?eueoino? i?e?iaeieo
?ineeiieo nenoai na?aaecaiiiii?nueeiai oeio. Ca?eueoaiiy /anoee o
i?ciueinoeoean?eieo oeaiicao (51-120 ?ie?a) aeae?a c aenieith /anoioith
cono??/ae (a?ae 10,3% a ia?oee ??e aei 61,5% ia inoaii?e oi/oe?
o?iiio?aiaeo) na?ae/eoue i?i aeinyaiaiiy i?neyiiaeaaeieie o?oioeaiicaie
noaio iaoanoaa?eueii? ??aiiaaae;

6. I??iaaiia noeoean?y e?einueeininiiaeo e?n?a IIAIEA iineoue oa?aeoa?
aaoiaaiieo neiaaiaoe/ieo ci?i ? i?ioiaeeoue aac ci?ie aieiaii?
e?niooai?thth/i? ii?iaee. Iaa?oai?noue noeoean?? iaoiiaeth?oueny
ni?aa?aeiioaiiyi aeoioeyoeaii-aeaioaeaoe?eieo i?ioean?a, iayai?noth
ian?iiy ia i?iia?ieo noaae?yo noeoean?? oa oa?aeoa?ii aio?iiiaaiieo
iao?thaaiue, ui aiinyoueny i?neyiiaeaaeieie ?iaioaie;

7. Iaooeeueiee ??no iiaeaae o ?aa?ii? ca aeine?aeaeaiee ia??iae
(1952-1992 ??.) oa iiaia i?aaaethaaiiy aio?iiiaaiieo aiaiaaeo
?ioeeaeaio?a iaae i?e?iaeieie iio?aao? i?eeiyooy iia?aoeaieo caoiae?a
uiaei iie?ioaiiy iiaeaaeii? ioi?iie e?n?a ? ei?aaoaaiiy caiia?aeiiai
?aaeeio;

8. Aeey iioei?caoe?? i?ioean?a i?neyiiaeaaeiiai a?aeiiaeaiiy aaaaea?ii
aeioe?eueiei:

a) i?neyiiaeaaei? ?iaioe, iia’ycai? c ?ic/enoeith aa??a, i?iaiaeeoe
o?eueee i?ney oi?ioaaiiy ia ieo no?eeiai o?aa’yiiai iie?eao;

a) canoinoaaiiy ia caa?euao o?eueee eie?nii? oaoi?ee ? iiaia caai?iiaiiy
iaoai?ciaaii? ia?iaee noee?a a oe?eyo caiia?aaiiy aeoeaieo
aeaioaeaoe?eieo i?ioean?a;

a) aeeeth/aiiy iaoai?ciaaii? ia?iaee a?oioo i?e iinaaeoe? ian?iiy ninie.
I?aen?a i?iaiaeeoe o?eueee o eoiee c caai?oaiiyi a?aaeyie a “a?eiao”
i?ae aea?ieiaie ceae?a aai ia i?e?ii?aeaeuaiiyo a?ey niniiaeo ii?a;

a) caiia?aaiiy iinaaeeai ?aoaeueiiai ?aeiaiinoethaaiiy aa??a, ui
aeicaieeoue oieeiooe ?o oioaeueiiai oa?aeoa?o ? cia/iith i??ith
caeiiiieoue ethaenuee? oa iaoa??aeuei? ?ano?ne.

Nienie ?ia?o, iioae?eiaaieo ca oaiith aeena?oaoe??

1. Iiaei?iaeiue N.I. Iaeioi?ua noaoenoe/aneea aniaeou iiaea?ia a
e?uineininiiauo eanao // No?oeoo?a oei?u e ?anoeoaeueiinoe E?uia. Na.
iao/i. o?. sseoa.-1995.-o.117.- N.153-164.

2. Iiaei?iaeiue N.I., Ei?aeaiaaneee A.A. Aeeiaieea aeeciaiiuo oi?i a
oiaea ie?iaaiiie noeoeannee e?uineininiiauo eania // Oe?. aioai.
aeo?i.-1998.-55, ? 2.-N. 150-154.

3. Iiaei?iaeiue N.I. Aeeiaieea oei?enoe/aneeo yeaiaioia a oiaea
ie?iaaiiie noeoeannee e?uineininiiauo eania // Athe. AIAN.- 1997.- Aui.
78.- N. 118-121.

4. Iiaei?iaeiue N.I. Iauea caeiiiia?iinoe e oaiaeaioeee iiaea?iie
aeeiaieee a niniiauo eanao thaeiiai iae?ineeiia E?uineeo ai? // Oacenu
aeieeaaeia iao/ii-i?aeoe/aneie eiioa?aioeee (30 ethiy 1994 a., Aeoooa,
E?ui).-Aeoooa, 1994.- N. 28.

5. Iiaei?iaeiue N.I. Nenoaiaoe/aneay no?oeoo?a e iniiaiua oaiaeaioeee
aeeiaieee noeoeanneiiiuo iinoie?iaaiiuo oei? a e?uineininiiauo eanao //
Oacenu aeieeaaeia iaaeaeoia?iaeiie eiioa?aioeee iieiaeuo o/aiuo (25-27
naioya?y 1995 a., sseoa).- sseoa, 1995.- N.30.

6. Iiaei?iaeiue N.I. Iinoie?iaaiiay noeoeanney ?anoeoaeueiuo aeiii?o a
e?uineininiiauo eanao thaeiiai iae?ineeiia Aeaaiie a?yaeu E?uineeo ai?
// Aeooaeueiua aii?inu aioaieee e yeieiaee. Oacenu aeieeaaeia
eiioa?aioeee iieiaeuo o/aiuo e niaoeeaeenoia (5-7 ethiy 1996 a.,
Oa?ueeia).- Oa?ueeia, 1996.- N. 86.

basis, srtucture, accumulative, denudative Iiaei?iaeiee N. I. I??iaaii?
noeoean?? e?einueeininiiaeo e?n?a i?aaeaiiiai iae?inoeeo Aieiaiiai iania
E?einueeeo a??.- ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa a?ieia?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 03.00.05 – aioai?ea. – Aea?aeaaiee Iee?onueeee
aioai?/iee naae OAAI, sseoa, E?ei, 1999.

Aeena?oaoe?y i?enay/aia aeine?aeaeaiith iinoi??iaaiieo noeoean?eieo ci?i
o e?einueeininiiaeo e?nao i?aaeaiiiai iae?inoeeo Aieiaiiai iania
E?einueeeo a??. Aeyaeai? iniiai? oaiaeaioe?? oa caeiiii??iino?
iiaeaaeii? aeeiai?ee o ?aa?ii?. Ia i?aenoaa? aiae?co nenoaiaoe/ii?,
aaia?ao?/ii?, a?iii?oieia?/ii? oa aeioeaiioe/ii? no?oeoo?
i?neyiiaeaaeieo oeaiic?a c?iaeaii aeniiaie, ui e?einueeininiia? e?ne ?
i?e?iaeiith nenoaiith eio?a aaiethoe?eii aaeaioiaaia aei aiaith ye
i?e?iaeiiai oaeoi?o. Anoaiiaeaii, ui o?eaae?noue noeoean??
iaoiiaeth?oueny iine?aeiaiith ci?iith o /an? o?aa’yii? (0-25 ?ie?a),
/aaa?ieeiai? (26-50 ?ie?a) oa aea?aaii? (ui ii/eia?oueny c 50-ai ?ieo
noaae?e. Iiaoaeiaaia noaia i??iaaiii? noeoean?? aea i?neyiiaeaaei?
oeaiice ?icoaoiaai? ia o?iii- oa aeieeei? (inoaii?e a?aeia?aaeoaaa
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy aeoioeyoeaii-aeaioaeaoe?eieo i?ioean?a). Anoaiiaeaii, ui
i??iaaiia noeoean?y e?einueeininiiaeo e?n?a iineoue oa?aeoa? aaoiaaiieo
neiaaiaoe/ieo ci?i, a ?? iaa?oaii?noue iaoiiaeth?oueny ni?aa?aeiioaiiyi
i?ioean?a aeoioeyoe?? oa aeaioaeaoe??, iayai?noth ian?iiiai iaoa??aeo oa
oa?aeoa?ii i?neyiiaeaaeieo ?ia?o. Iaaaaeai? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei
iioei?caoe?? i?ioean?a i?neyiiaeaaeiiai a?aeiiaeaiiy niniiaeo oeaiic?a.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: e?einueeininiia? e?ne, i??iaaiia noeoean?y, oeaiic,
o?iiio?aiae, aeieeei, no?oeoo?a, aeoioeyoe?y, aeaioaeaoe?y.

Iiaei?iaeiue N.I. Ie?iaaiiua noeoeannee e?uineininiiauo eania thaeiiai
iae?ineeiia Aeaaiie a?yaeu E?uineeo ai?. – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa aeieiae/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 03.00.05 – aioaieea. – Ainoaea?noaaiiue Ieeeoneee
aioaie/aneee naae OAAI, sseoa, E?ui, 1999.

Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia eco/aieth iinoie?iaaiiuo noeoeannee a
e?uineininiiauo eanao thaeiiai iae?ineeiia Aeaaiie a?yaeu E?uineeo ai?.
I?iaiaeece?iaaiu iniiaiua oaiaeaioeee iiaea?iie aeeiaieee a ?aaeiia ca
40-eaoiee ia?eiae. Auyaeai iaoeeiiiue ?ino eiee/anoaa iiaea?ia ai anao
eanie/anoaao e i?aaaee?iaaiea aio?iiiaaiiuo iaiaauo eioeeaeaioia (96%)
iaae i?e?iaeiuie (3,3%), aicieeathueie io iieiee. Onoaiiaeaii, /oi a
niniiauo eanao thaeiiai iae?ineeiia n oaaee/aieai auniou iaae o?iaiai
ii?y oiaiueoaaony /anoioa iiaea?ia e oaaee/eaaaony eo ieiuaaeue. E
iaiai?io – n iiieaeaieai auniou oaaee/eaaaony /anoioa iiaea?ia e
oiaiueoaaony eo ieiuaaeue. Ia iniiaaiee aiaeeca nenoaiaoe/aneie,
aaia?aoe/aneie, aeiii?oieiae/aneie e yeioeaiioe/aneie no?oeoo?
iineaiiaea?iuo oeaiicia naeaeai auaiae, /oi e?uineininiiaua eana
yaeythony i?e?iaeiie nenoaiie eioi?ay yaiethoeeiiii aaeaioe?iaaia e
iaith eae i?e?iaeiiio oaeoi?o. Oae ia anao yoaiao noeoeannee nio?aiyaony
i?eia?iue ia?eoao iauaiia naiaenoa (Lamiaceae – 5,0-9,5%, Fabaceae –
5,2-10,9%, Apiaceae – 3,6-10,3%), iaoneaaeeaathueo n?aaeecaiiiii?neee
oei oei?enoe/aneeo niaeo?ia, oa?aeoa?iue e aeey ei?aiiuo oeaiicia, a
oaeaea nio?aiyaony aeiiiaea?iue noaoon ai oei?a aeaeia
ae?aaian?aaeecaiiiii?neiai, ia?aoiaeiiai n?aaeecaiiiii?nei-aa?aceaoneiai
e aa?aceaoneiai noaiiiai oeiia a?aaeia. Iacia/eoaeueiay ?ieue e
a?aiaiiay ia?aie/aiiinoue aaeaaioeaiuo aeaeia a iineaiiaea?iuo oeaiicao
oa?aeoa?ecoao e?uineininiiaua eana thaeiiai iae?ineeiia eae aeiaieueii
eiina?aaoeaioth i?e?iaeioth nenoaio. A i?ioeanna noeoeannee eiee/anoai
oaeniiiie/aneeo aaeeieoe ?acee/iiai nenoaiaoe/aneiai ?aiaa eciaiyaony ii
ia?aaiee/aneiio o?aiaeo n iaeneioiii ia iyoue aiae noeoeannee (138
aeaeia, 89 ?iaeia e 39 naiaenoa) e ieieioiii ia 120-eaoiae oi/ea o?aiaea
(39 aeaeia, 31 ?iae e 17 naiaenoa).Onoaiiaeaii, /oi
i?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoue ie?iaaiiie noeoeannee iaoneaaeeaaaony
iineaaeiaaoaeueiie niaiie ai a?aiaie o?aayienoie (0-25 eao),
eonoa?ieeiaie (26-50 eao) e ae?aaaniie (ia/eiathuaeny n 50-ai aiaea)
noaaeee. Iino?iaia noaia ie?iaaiiie noeoeannee, aaea iineaiiaea?iua
oeaiicu ?aciauaiu ia o?iii- e yeieeeia (iineaaeiee ioia?aaeae
niioiioaiea i?ioeannia aeeoioeyoeee e aeaioaeaoeee). Onoaiiaeaii, /oi
ie?iaaiiay noeoeanney e?uineininiiauo eania thaeiiai iae?ineeiia Aeaaiie
a?yaeu E?uineeo ai? iineo oa?aeoa? aaoiaaiiuo neiaaiaoe/aneeo niai e
i?ioiaeeo aac niaiu aeaaiie eaniia?acothuae ii?iaeu. Aa ia?aoeiinoue
iaoneaaeeaaaony niioiioaieai aeeoioeyoeaii-aeaioaeaoeeiiiuo i?ioeannia,
iaee/eai naiaiiiai iaoa?eaea ia ieiia?iuo noaaeeyo noeoeannee e
oa?aeoa?ii iineaiiaea?iuo ?iaio. I?eaaaeaiu ?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii
iioeiecaoeee i?ioeannia iineaiiaea?iiai aiciaiiaeaiey e?uineininiiauo
oeaiicia.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: e?uineininiiaua eana, ie?iaaiiay noeoeanney, oeaiic,
o?iiieeei, yeieeei, no?oeoo?a, aeeoioeyoeey, aeaioaeaoeey.

Podorozhny S.N. Post-fire successions in the Crimean pine forest of the
Crimean Main Range southern microslope. – Manuscript.

Thesis for degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) by speciality 03.00.05
– botany. – State Nikitsky botanical Garden UAAS, Yalta.

The dissertation is devoted to the research of post-fire successional
changes in the Crimean pine forest of the Crimean Main Range southern
microslope. The main tendentions and regularities of fire dynamics in
the region are revealed. On the basis of the analysis of systematic,
geographical, biomorphological and ecocenotical structures of the
post-fire cenozes the conclusion has been made that Crimean pine forests
are natural system, which is evolutionally adapted to fires as a natural
factor. It is discovered that succession duration is being caused by
successive change in time of grass (0-25 years), scrab (26-50 years) and
tree (beginning from the 50th years) stages.

The scheme of fire succession has been made, where post-fire cenozes are
located on the chronological and ecological basis (the latter elucidates
the correlation of accumulative and denudative processes). It is
discovered that post-fire succession of Crimean pine forest has a
character of autogenical changes, and it’s revolution is being caused by
the correlation of processes of accumulation and denudation, presence of
seed material and character of post-fire operations. The recommendations
for optimisation of processes of post-fire renovation of pine cenozes
are given.

Key words: Crimean pine forest, post-fire succession, cenoz,
chronological basis, ecological.

__________________________________________________

I?aeienaii aei ae?oeo 6.04.99. Oi?iao 60o90/16. Iai??

ae?oea?nueeee. Ae?oe ionaoiee. Oiiai. ae?oe a?e. 1,0.

Oe?aae 100 i?ei.

_______________________________________________________

i. Iae?oiiieue, i?. 50-??//y Ia?aiiae, 17. OIA “ Nithc IO”.

Oae. (06142) 5-45-35; 6-32-10.

_______________________________________________________

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