IAOe?IIAEUeIEE AA?A?IEE OI?AA?NEOAO
I?UAIEI TH??E A?EAI?IAE*
OAeE 633.51: 632.954: 631.584.5:631.8
II??AIssEUeIA IOe?IEA AEIEIAIAACIA*IEO CAOIAe?A AI?IOUeAE C
AO?’ssIAIE A IIN?AAO EOEO?OAeCE
IA ??CIEO OIIAO AEEAEAIIss
A OIIAAO I?AI?*II-NO?AeIIAI E?NINOAIO OE?A?IE
Niaoe?aeuei?noue: 06.01.01. – caaaeueia caiea?ianoai
AAOI?AOA?AO
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe
Ee?a – 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien
?iaioa aeeiiaia ia eaoaae?? caiea?ianoaa, aa?io?i?? ? a?oioiciaanoaa
Noinueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo I?i?noa?noaa
aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: –aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, i?ioani?
E?AA*AIEI Ieeiea Neaei?iae/ Noinueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee
oi?aa?neoao I?i. AIE, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e caiea?ianoaa, aa?io?i?? ?
a?oioiciaanoaa
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: –aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe,
?AAUAIEI Ieaenaiae? Ieaen?eiae/, ?inoeooo oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a OAAI,
caa?aeoaa/ eaai?aoi???th caoenoo a?ae ao?’yi?a
eaiaeeaeao n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, OA?AIAIEI Aieiaeeie?
?aaiiae/, caa?aeoaa/ a?aeae?eo caiea?ianoaa Noinueei? aea?aeaaii?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? aeine?aeii? noaioe?? OAAI
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: Oiainueea n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueea aeaaeai?y
I?i. AIE, eaoaae?a caiea?ianoaa, i. Oiaiue
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “22” ethoiai 2000 ?ieo i 10 aiae. ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 26.004.10 a Iaoe?iiaeueiiio aa?a?iiio
oi?aa?neoao? ca aae?anith: 252041, i.Ee?a-41, aoe. Aa?i?a iai?iie, 15,
iaa/aeueiee ei?ion 3, aoae.65.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? IAO, aoe. Aa?i?a
iai?iie, 11, iaa/aeueiee ei?ion 10.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “19” n?/iy 2000 ?ieo.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? A/aii? ?aaee
Aeieo?eoae I.ss.
1
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Iaeiei c i??i?eoaoieo iai?yie?a caiea?ianoaa ?
oaeineiiaeaiiy caoiae?a ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie. Aeey ai?ioueae c ieie
no/ania o?i?/ia i?iieneia?noue i?iiiio? cia/io e?euee?noue aa?a?oeeae?a.
Iaeiae aeei?enoaiiy ?o o ae?iaieoeoa? ia caaaeaee caaacia/o? aenieo
aeiiii?/io ieoii?noue. A oie aea /an, i?e no/anieo oaoiieia?yo
canoinoaaiiy o?i?/ieo cania?a caoenoo ?ineei aeieea? iaaaciaea
iani?eyoeeaiai ?o aieeao ia ioi/oth/a na?aaeiaeua ?, cie?aia, ia
caei?ia’y ethaeeie.
Aeoiaey/e c oeueiai, iiooe aeieia?/ii aacia/ieo ? aiaeii/an
aia?aaoe/ii oa aeiiii?/ii aeioe?eueieo niinia?a canoinoaaiiy
aa?io?i?eao?a ? o?oioeaiioe/ieo cania?a ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie noa?
aeooaeueiei i?e ?ic?iaoe? oa ai?iaaaeaeaii? no/anieo oaoiieia?e
ae?iaieoeoaa.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. ?iaioa
aeeiioaaeanue i?ioyaii 1996-1999 ??. a neeaae? ieaiiai? iaoeiai?
oaiaoeee eaoaae?e caiea?ianoaa, aa?io?i?? oa a?oioiciaanoaa Noinueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo.
Iaoa oa caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue. Iaoith ?iaioe aoei aeyaeoe iaea?eueo
?aoe?iiaeuei? ? aeieiai aacia/i? caniae ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie i?e
ae?iuoaaii? eoeo?oaece ia neein a oiiaao i?ai?/ii-no?aeii? /anoeie
E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie.
A?aeiia?aeii aei iinoaaeaii? iaoe ia?aaeaa/aeiny ae??oeoe
ianooii? caaaeaiiy:
– ?ic?iaeoe ia?aiao?e eieaeueiiai niiniao canoinoaaiiy
aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a, i?e n?aa? eoeo?oaece ?ie?onoiaaiei ian?iiyi;
– anoaiiaeoe iioeiaeuei? no?iee i?aen?ao aeee oa ei?iiaeo aia?a a
i?ae?yaeaey eoeo?oaece c iaoith cieaeaiiy cani?/aiino? ao?’yiaie
ou?eueiaieo iin?a?a ? ye iane?aeie – i?aeaeuaiiy ?o o?iaeaeiino?;
– i?ine?aeeoaaoe aeeiai?eo ci?ie ??aiy caao?’yiaiino? oa aieeao ??
ia i?iaeoeoeai?noue iin?a?a eoeo?oaece i?e aeei?enoaii? aeieiai
aacia/ieo cania?a ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie;
– i?iaanoe aiae?c aoaeoeaiino? eieaeueiiai canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo
i??iaeno?a a iin?aao eoeo?oaece ia ??cieo oiiao i?ia?aeueiiai aeeaeaiiy;
– anoaiiaeoe ae?th niinia?a ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie ia a?ieia?/io
aeoeai?noue ??oioo oa eiai iiaeeaiee ?aaeei;
– aeaoe a?iaia?aaoe/io oa aeiiii?/io ioe?ieo cania?a ai?ioueae c
ao?’yiaie i?e ae?iuoaaii? eoeo?oaece.
2
Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?iaioe iieyaa? a oiio, ui a oiiaao i?ai?/ii-no?aeii?
/anoeie E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie:
– ?ic?iaeaii aeieiai aacia/iee niin?a canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo
i??iaeno?a a iin?aao eoeo?oaece oeyoii eieaeueiiai aianaiiy a ian?ii?aeo
iaieiieao;
– aea/aii aieea no?ie?a i?aen?ao ei?iiaeo aia?a oa aeee a i?ae?yaeaey
eoeo?oaece ia caao?’yiai?noue oa i?iaeoeoeai?noue ou?eueiaieo iin?a?a;
– i?iaaaeaia eiiieaenia ioe?iea aeieiai aacia/ieo cania?a
ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?iaioe iieyaa? a ?ic?iaoe? ? iaoeiai-ae?iaie/?e
ioe?ioe? aeieiai aacia/ieo ? ?ano?nicaa??aath/eo cania?a ai?ioueae c
ao?’yiaie a iin?aao eoeo?oaece a oiiaao i?ai?/ii-no?aeiiai E?ninoaio
Oe?a?ie. Anoaiiaeai? ia?aiao?e eieaeueiiai aeei?enoaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo
i??iaeno?a i?e ae?iuoaaii? eoeo?oaece ia neein.
Aeaeea?aoe?y iniaenoiai aianeo. Aaoi?ii iniaenoi aeeiiaii iieueia? ?
eaai?aoi?i? aeine?aeaeaiiy. Ocaaaeueiaii na?oiao oa a?o/eciyio
e?oa?aoo?o ca i?iaeaiith oaie aeena?oaoe??, i?iaiae?ciaai?
aenia?eiaioaeuei? iaoa??aee, c?iaeaii aeniiaee.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Ui?ieo ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue
aeiiia?aeaeeny ia iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo NAeAO (i. Noie,
1996-1999). Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiue aoei c?iaeaii aeiiia?aeue ia
eiioa?aioe??, i?enay/ai?e 90-??//th a?ae canioaaiiy ?inoeoooo
?ineeiieoeoaa ?i. A.ss.TH?ue?aa OAAI (i. Oa?e?a, 1999).
Ioae?eaoe??. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue ca oaiith aeena?oaoe?eii?
?iaioe iioae?eiaaii a 3 iaoeiaeo i?aoeyo. C ieo 1 noaooy a oaiaoe/i?e
ca??oe? iaoeiaeo i?aoeue, 2 – a iaoeiaeo aeo?iaeao. Caaaeueia
e?euee?noue ioae?eaoe?e ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiue – 4.
No?oeoo?a oa ianya ?iaioe. ?iaioa neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, 6-oe
?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e, aeiaeaoe?a.
Caaaeueiee ianya ?iaioe 149 noi?., a oiio /ene? iniiaiee ci?no
aeeeaaeaii ia 101 noi?. ?iaioa ?ethno?iaaia 23 oaaeeoeyie ? 40
?enoieaie.
CI?NO ?IAIOE
1. OAI?AOE*IA IAA?OIOOAAIIss IAI?ssIEO AeINE?AeAEAIUe
A o?ueio i?ae?icae?eao iiaeaii iaeyae i?i no/aniee noai aeine?aeaeoaaieo
ieoaiue c eieaeueiiai aianaiiy aa?a?oeeae?a a ian?ii?aeo iaieiieao,
ou?eueiaiiy aiaiaeie eiiiiiaioaie eoeo?oaece oa iioei?caoe?? ??
oaeia?aiiy.
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2. OIIAE OA IAOIAeEEA I?IAAAeAIIss AeINE?AeAEAIUe
Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeeny i?ioyaii 1996-1999 ??. a oiiaao
i?ai?/ii-no?aeiiai E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie ia aac? ENI “8 Aa?aciy”
?iiainueeiai ?aeiio Noinueei? iaeano? oa NAeAO.
A?oio – /i?iicai oeiiaee iaei aoioniee neaaiaeeoaiaaiee c ai?noii a
i?iiio oa?? aoiono (ca Oth??iei) – 4.1%, ?ooiiiai oinoi?o oa iai?iiiai
eae?th (ca *e?eeiaei) a?aeiia?aeii 15.0 ? 8.1 ia ia 100a ??oioo, ?I
nieueiai? aeoyaeee – 6.6, a?ae?ie?oe/ia eeneioi?noue ? noia aa?a?aieo
iniia (ca Eaiiaiii-A?eueeiaeoeai) a?aeiia?aeii 1.0 oa 30 ia-aea ia 100 a
??oioo, nooi?iue iane/aiino? iniiaaie – 97%.
Ee?iao – iii??ii-eiioeiaioaeueiee, na?aaeiuei caieiaeaiee, c
ia??aiii??iei ?iciiae?eii iiaae?a ia i?ioyc? aaaaoaoe?eiiai ia??iaeo.
Iaea?eueoa ?o e?euee?noue (aei 70%) i?eiaaea? ia /an aaaaoaoe??
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo?.
A?aeiinia aieia?noue iia?o?y ca aaaaoi??/ieie aeaieie noaiiaeoue 86%, a
a?ae?ioa?i?/iee eiao?oe??io – 1,2. Na?aaeiuei??/ia oaiia?aoo?a iia?o?y
i?noeaaino? noaiiaeoue 6,50N.
A?aeoeeaiiy a?ae na?aaeiuei aaaaoi??/ii? e?eueeino? iiaae?a oa
oaiia?aoo?e iia?o?y ca aaaaoaoe?eiee ia??iae eoeo?oaece ia neein
iaaaaeai? ia ?enoieao 1 ? 2.
?en. 1 A?aeoeeaiiy na?aaeiuei aeaeaaeieo ??/ieo iiaae?a
a?ae na?aaeiuei aaaaoi??/ieo, ii
4
?en. 2 A?aeoeeaiiy na?aaeiuei aeaeaaeieo oaiia?aoo?
iia?o?y a?ae na?aaeiuei aaaaoi??/ieo, IN
Iieueia? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeee i?ioyaii 1996-1999 ?ie?a. Ia’?eoaie
aeine?aeaeaiue aoee: eoeo?oaeca – a?a?eae Eieaeoeaiee 100 IA, aeea –
Eueaianueea 31, ei?iia? aiae – Oeaae?anueei oiieaoiai. A aeine?aeao
aeei?enoiaoaaee: ??oioiaee aa?a?oeeae i??iaeno?a 500 (50% e.a.).
Aia?a?th i?i?inoaiiy oa noiae?noue ian?iiy eoeo?oaece aecia/aee a
eaai?aoi?ieo oiiaao ca AeNOO 2240-93.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeeny oeyoii caeeaaeaiiy eaai?aoi?ieo ? iieueiaeo
aeine?ae?a.
1. Eaai?aoi?iee aeine?ae ii aea/aiith aieeao aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a ia
iieueiao noiae?noue ian?iiy i?iaiaeeany ca noaiith:
1. Ian?iiy ia ?ie?onoiaaia aa?a?oeeaeii i??iaeno?a (eiio?ieue).
2. Ian?iiy ?ie?onoiaaia aa?a?oeeaeii i??iaeno?a,
eiioeaio?aoe?y ?ic/eio 3%.
3. – “ – , eiioeaio?aoe?y ?ic/eio 6%.
4. – “ – , eiioeaio?aoe?y ?ic/eio 8%.
5. – “ – , eiioeaio?aoe?y ?ic/eio 9%.
6. – “ – , eiioeaio?aoe?y ?ic/eio 10%.
7. – “ -, eiioeaio?aoe?y ?ic/eio 12%.
5
2. Aeaioaeoi?iee iieueiaee aeine?ae ii aea/aiith aoaeoeaiino? ae??
niinia?a aianaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a a iin?aao eoeo?oaece ia neein
ia ??cieo oiiao aeia?ea aeeiioaaany ca noaiith:
Oaeoi? A – ii?ie ? niiniae aianaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo:
1. Aac aa?a?oeeaeo (eiio?ieue).
2. Eieaeueia aianaiiy i??iaeno?e a ii?i?: 15 ie/aa.
3. – “ – 20
ie/aa.
4. – “ –
22,5 ie/aa.
5. Nooe?eueia aianaiiy i??iaeno?e a ii?i? 5 e/aa.
Oaeoi? A – oiie i?aaii-i?ia?aeueiiai aeeaeaiiy:
1. Aac aeia?ea (eiio?ieue).
2. Aianaiiy a ?yaeee N20P20K20;
3. – “ – N50P25K60;
4. Aianaiiy a ?iceeae N50P25K60;
5. – “ – N100P50K120;
6. – “ – 20 o/aa aiith.
3. Iieueiaee aeine?ae ii aea/aiith aieeao aeaeo ? no?ieo i?aen?ao
aiaiaeo eoeueoo? a i?ae?yaeaey eoeo?oaece ia neein c iaoith a?ieia?/ii?
ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie (aeaeiiao??) neeaaeaany c aa??aio?a:
1. Iaeiiaeaeiaee iin?a eoeo?oaece (eiio?ieue).
2. Eoeo?oaeca a noi?o? c aeeith ia?oiai no?ieo i?aen?ao (/a?ac 14 aei?a
a?ae iiyae noiae?a eoeo?oaece).
3. Eoeo?oaeca a noi?o? c aeeith ae?oaiai no?ieo i?aen?ao (/a?ac 25
aei?a
a?ae iiyae noiae?a eoeo?oaece).
4. Eoeo?oaeca a noi?o? c ei?iiaeie aiaaie ia?oiai no?ieo i?aen?ao
(/a?ac 14 aei?a a?ae iiyae noiae?a eoeo?oaece).
5. Eoeo?oaeca a noi?o? c ei?iiaeie aiaaie ae?oaiai no?ieo i?aen?ao
(/a?ac 25 aei?a a?ae iiyae noiae?a eoeo?oaece).
4. Iieueiaee aeine?ae ii aea/aiith ii??aiyeueii? aoaeoeaiino? aeieiai
aacia/ieo caoiae?a ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie a iin?aao eoeo?oaece ia neein
ca noaiith:
1. Nooe?eueia aianaiiy i??iaeno?e a ii?i? 5 e/aa.
2. Eieaeueia aianaiiy i??iaeno?e a ii?i? 22,5 ie/aa.
3. Eoeo?oaeca a noi?o? c y?ith aeeith ae?oaiai no?ieo i?aen?ao
(/a?ac 25 aei?a a?ae iiyae noiae?a eoeo?oaece).
4. Eoeo?oaeca a noi?o? c ei?iiaeie aiaaie ae?oaiai no?ieo i?aen?ao
(/a?ac 25 aei?a a?ae iiyae noiae?a eoeo?oaece).
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Aa??aioe a iieueiaeo aeine?aeao caeeaaeaee ?aiaeii?ciaaiei iaoiaeii.
Iiaoi?i?noue aeine?aeo – /ioe?e?aciaa. Ieiua aeine?aeii? ae?eyiee
noaiiaeea 79 i2 (19,4o4,2 i), iae?eiai? – 50 i2 (17,9o2,8 i) .
Oaoiieia?y ae?iuoaaiiy eoeo?oaece ia neein aoea caaaeueiii?eeiyoith aeey
ciie E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie.
A aeine?aeao aaeenue oae? iae?ee ? niinoa?aaeaiiy:
– ca aonoioith ?ineei;
– oaiieia?/i? niinoa?aaeaiiy ca ?inoii ? ?icaeoeii ?ineei c
aecia/aiiyi iniiaieo oac ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo;
– ca aenioith ?ineei eoeo?oaece ? aiaiaeo eoeueoo? a iniiai? oace
?inoo oa ?icaeoeo;
– nooiaiai caao?’yiaiino? iin?a?a.
Iae?ee caao?’yiaiino? i?iaiaeeee e?euee?nii-aaaiaei iaoiaeii o caoeni?e
nioc? ?yaeea ca ?nioth/ith iaoiaeeeith. ?ioaineai?noue ?iciaaeo eeyii?
oeaieie aecia/aee ca iaoiaeii “aie?eaoe?e” ?.N.Aino?iaa oa A.I.Iao?iai?.
Aecia/aiiy ai?noo eaaeia?ae?ie?ciaaiiai acioo a a?oio? i?iaiaeeee ca
iaoiaeii Ei?io?eueaea, ?ooiiiai oinoi?o ? iai?iiiai eae?th ca iaoiaeii
*???eiaa.
Iae?e a?iaeath i?iaiaeeee nooe?eueii ii ae?eyieao.
Caeeoeiao e?euee?noue aa?a?oeeaeo a ??oio? aecia/aee a oieneeieia?/i?e
eaai?aoi??? Noinueei? iaeanii? aea?aeaaii? i?iaeoii-?ica?aeoaaeueii?
noaioe?? o?i?caoe?? n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ca iaoiaeii oiieioa?iai?
o?iiaoia?ao??.
Aia?aaoe/iee aiae?c i?iaiaeeee ca I.E.Iaaeaaaeianueeei.
Noaoenoe/iee aiae?c aeaieo i?iaaaeaii iaoiaeaie aeenia?n?eiiai,
ei?aeyoe?eiiai oa ?aa?aneaiiai aiae?c?a ca i?eeeaaeiith i?ia?aiith
“Statistics” ia ia?niiaeueiiio eiii’thoa?? Pentium II.
?ic?aooiee aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? cae?enithaaee ca caaaeueii
i?eeiyoeie iaoiaeeeaie ia iniia? ae?th/eo ii?iaoea?a.
3. ?IE?ONOOAAIIss IAN?IIss EOEO?OAeCE AA?A?OeEAeII I??IAENO?A ssE
AEIEIAIAACIA*IEE NIIN?A EIAI CANOINOAAIIss
Anoaiiaeaii, ui eeoa 20-40% aianaii? e?eueeino? aa?a?oeeae?a i?e
nooe?eueiiio iai?eneoaaii? i?aoeththoue aaciina?aaeiuei ia cieuaiiy oa
i?eai?/aiiy ao?’yi?a. ?aooa ae ?o aeo?a/a?oueny ia aoaeoeaii aai
noai?th? ua ??ci? aeieia?/i? i?iaeaie. Aeey onoiaiiy oeeo i?iaeai i?e
ae?iuoaaii? eoeo?oaece ia neein i?ioyaii 1996-1999 ??. iaie
aoee
7
i?iaaaeaii eaai?aoi?i? oa iieueiai aeineiaeaeaiiy c iaoith anoaiiaeaiiy
iioeiaeueii? ii?ie aianaiiy aa?aioeeaeo i?iiaeno?a a ian?ii?aeo
iaieiieao.
A eaai?aoi?ieo aeineiaeao ian?iiy eoeo?oaece ?ie?onooaaee aiaeiei
?ic/eiii NaEIOe c eiioeaio?aoe??th aa?a?oeeaeo 3, 6, 8, 9, 10 oa 12% ?
aecia/aee eiai aia?a?th i?i?inoaiiy oa noiae?noue (oaae. 1).
Oaaeeoey 1- Aia?a?y i?i?inoaiiy ? noiae?noue ian?iiy eoeo?oaece
(na?aaei? ca 1996-1999 ??.)
Eiioeaio?aoe?y aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a a ?ic/ei? aeey ?ie?onooaaiiy
ian?iiy eoeo?oaeceAia?a?y i?i?inoaiiy,
%Noiae?noue,
%1. 0% (eiio?ieue )98,399,42. 3%97,098,63. 6%95,197,34. 8%93,094,25.
9%90,192,86. 10%88,288,97. 12%87,387,1
I?e iiaeaeuaii? eiioeaio?aoe?? aa?a?oeeaeo a ?ic/eii c 3 aei 12%
iieacieee aia?a?? i?i?inoaiiy cieaeoaaeeny c 97 aei 87,3%, a noiaeino?
c 98.6% aei 87,1%. A?aie/iith eiioeaio?aoe??th, i?e yeie aia?aiy
i?i?inoaiiy oa noiaeinoue ian?iiy a?aeiia?aeaee aeiiaai aei iin?aiiai
iaoa??aeo (AeNOO 2240-93) ? 9% (0,9 e aa?a?oeeaeo ia 1 o ian?iiy).
Aeey ianooiieo iieueiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue iaie acyoi aa??aioe
eiioeaio?aoe?? aa?a?oeeaeo 6, 8 oa 9%, ui noaiiaeee a?aeiia?aeii 15, 20
oa 22,5 ie/aa i?e ii?i? aen?ao eoeo?oaece 25 ea/aa.
I?e eieaeueiiio canoinoaaii? 22,5 ie/aa aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a a
ii??aiyii? c ?ioeie ii?iaie niinoa??aaeiny iaea?eueoa i?eai?/aiiy
ao?’yi?a a iin?aao eoeo?oaece (?en.3).
Caao?’yiai?noue iin?a?a ooo aoea ia ??ai? nooe?eueiiai aianaiiy 5 e/aa
aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a. Iaeiae, ii?ia aeo?aoe i?aia?aoo i?e oeueiio aoea
iaioith o 200 ?ac.
8
?en. 3 Caao?’yiai?noue iin?a?a oa a?iaeaei?noue neeinii? iane eoeo?oaece
i?e ??cieo ii?iao eieaeueiiai aianaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a
(na?aaei? ca 1996-1999 ??.)
Oiiai? iicia/aiiy aa??aio?a: 1- aac aa?a?oeeae?a, 2-4 – eieaeueia
aianaiiy i??iaeno?e 15, 20 ? 22,5 ie/aa, 5 – nooe?eueia aianaiiy 5
e/aa.
O?niee cai?ioi?e ca’ycie anoaiiaeaii iiae nooiaiai caao?’yiaiino?
iin?a?a oa a?iaeaei?noth eoeo?oaece ia neein:
– ca e?euee?noth ao?’yi?a, oo./i2:
r = -0,94; r2= 0,88; y = 244,9 –0,81×1,
– ca ianith ao?’yi?a, a/i2:
r = -0,94; r2= 0,88; y = 242,4 –0,26 x2,
aea r – eiao?oe??io ei?aeyoe??, r2 – eiao?oe??io aeaoa?i?iaoe??, y-
a?iaeaei?noue, oe/aa, o1 ? o2 – a?aeiia?aeii e?euee?noue oa iana
ao?’yi?a ia 1 i2.
I?e eieaeueiiio aianaii? aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a a ii?i? 22.5 ie/aa aoei
io?eiaii o?iaeaei?noue neeinii? iane, ui iaeaea ia a?ae??ciyeanue a?ae
aa??aioo nooe?eueiiai aianaiiy 5 e/aa i?aia?aoo. I?e aianaii?
aa?a?oeeaeo a ian?ii?aeo iaieiieao cia/ii cieaeo?oueny nooi?iue
caa?oaeiaiiy io?ooio?i?eaoaie ??oioo.
9
4. O?OIOeAIIOE*IEE CAN?A I?EAI?*AIIss AO?’ssI?A I?E AE?IUOAAII?
EOEO?OAeCE
O?oioeaiioe/iee iaoiae ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie iia’ycaiee c aeaeiiaoe/ieie
a?aeiineiaie, ui neeaaeathoueny i?ae eoeueoo?ieie ?ineeiaie ? ao?’yiaie
a ooo/ieo aa?io?oioeaiicao.
C iaoith i?eai?/aiiy ao?’yi?a a iin?aao eoeo?oaece oeyoii ou?eueiaiiy
?? aiaiaeie eoeueoo?aie i?iaiaeeany iiooe iaea?eueo aoaeoeaiiai no?ieo
an?ao aeee iin?aii? oa ei?iiaeo aia?a.
Aeine?aeaeaiiyie anoaiiaeaii, ui cieaeaiiy caao?iaiino? caeaaeaei ye
a?ae aeaeo aiaiaiai eiiiiiaioo, oae ? no?ieo eiai an?ao. Iaeaieueoa
i?eai?/aiiy ao?’yi?a a iin?aao ca aeaeaie aiaiaiai eiiiiiaioo
niinoa?iaaeiny i?e iiaenia? aeee. E?auei no?ieii an?ao – aoea oaca 5-7
eenoe?a eoeo?oaece, yea a?aei?/aeany ia 25 aeaiue aiae iiyae ?? noiaeia
(oaae. 2).
Oaaeeoey 2 – Caao?’yiai?noue ? o?iaeaei?noue iin?a?a eoeo?oaece
ou?eueiaieo aeeith oa ei?iiaeie aiaaie (na?aaei? ca 1997-1999 ??.)
Aa??aioe
aeine?aeoE?euee?noue ao?’yi?aIana ao?’yi?aO?iaeaei?noueoo./i2??cieoey
aei
eiio?ieth,
oo. (+ / – )a/i2??cieoey aei
eiio?ieth,
a (+ / – )oe/aa??cieoey aei eiio?ieth, oe (+ / – )1.Iaeiiaeaeiaee
iin?a eoeo?oaece (eiio?ieue)39-117-182-2. Eoeo?oaeca + aeea 1-ai
no?ieo18-2147-70187+53. Eoeo?oaeca + aeea 2-ai no?ieo6-3315-102199+174.
Eoeo?oaeca + ei?iia? aiae
1-ai no?ieo22-1750-67212+305. Eoeo?oaeca + ei?iia? aiae
2-ai no?ieo10-2923-94239+57I?? 05-9—16Iaeaeuee o?iaeae neeinii? iane
aoei oaeiae io?eiaii i?e ouieueiaii? eoeo?oaece aiaiaeie o oac? 5-7
eenoe?a (??cieoey aei eiio?ieth neeaea a?aeiia?aeii 17 ? 57 oe/aa).
10
E?auee no?ie an?ao aeee oa ei?iiaeo aia?a aoa a oac? 5-7 eenoe?a
eoeo?oaece. A oeueiio aa??aio? /a?ac ieae/o caao?’yiai?noue iin?a?a
niinoa??aaeanue a?eueo aeniea a?iaeaei?noue neeinii? iane.
5. AIEEA CANIA?A AI?IOUeAE C AO?’ssIAIE IA ACA?IIA?AeIINEIE I?AE
EOEO?OAeCITH ? A?OIOII
5.1 Aeei?enoaiiy aeaeiiao?? oa neia?a?cio i?e ai?iouea? c ao?’yiaie o
iin?aao eoeo?oaece
Canoinoaaiiy aa??aio?a aianaiiy i??iaeno?e ? an?ao aiaiaeo eiiiiiaio?a
i?ecaaei aei nooo?aiai ciaioaiiy caao?’yiaiino? iin?a?a eoeo?oaece.
Iaeiaioa e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a oa ?o iana a ii??aiyii? c eieaeueieie oa
nooe?eueieie aianaiiyi i??iaeno?e niinoa??aaeany i?e ae?oaiio no?ieo
an?ao aeee ? ei?iiaeo aia?a. A?eueo nooo?aee aieea ia cieuaiiy ao?’yi?a
iaea aeea y?a (oaae. 3).
Oaaeeoey 3 – E?euee?noue oa iana ao?’yi?a i?e aeieiai aacia/ieo caoiaeao
ai?ioueae c ieie a iin?aao eoeo?oaece ia neein
(na?aaei? ca 1997-1999 ??.)
Aa??aioe aeine?aeoE?euee?noue ao?’yi?aIana ao?’yi?aoo./i2??cieoey aei
eiio?ieth, % (+ / – )a/i2??cieoey aei eiio?ieth, % (+ / – )1.
Nooe?eueia aianaiiy 5 e/aa
i??iaeno?e (ae?iaie/ee eiio?ieue)14-35- 2.Eieaeueia aianaiiy 22,5
ie/aa
i??iaeno?e.16+1437+5 3. Eoeo?oaeca + aeea
2-ai no?ieo an?ao.6-5715-58 4. Eoeo?oaeca + ei?iia? aiae
2-ai no?ieo an?ao.10-2923-34
Ii??aiyiiy niinia?a aianaiiy i??iaeno?e ia ??cieo oiiao i?ia?aeueiiai
aeeaeaiiy iieaco?, ui ca e?euee?noth cieuaieo ao?’yi?a nooe?eueia ?
eieaeueia canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a iaeaea ia ??cieoueny
(oaae. 4).
Ia oii? aeia?ea aianaieo a ?yaeee canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a a
a?eueo?e i??? i?eai?/oaaei ao?’yie, i?ae i?e ?iceeaeiiio ?o aianaii?.
11
Oaaeeoey 4 – E?euee?noue ao?’yi?a a caoeni?e nioc? ?yaeea eoeo?oaece ia
/an cae?aiiy a?iaeath, i?e canoinoaaii? aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a ia ??cieo
oiiao aeeaeaiiy (na?aaei? ca 1997-1999 ??.)
Aa??aioe
aeine?aeoAianaiiy i??iaeno?e nooe?eueii, 5 e/aaAianaiiy i??iaeno?e
eieaeueii, 22,5 ie/aae?euee?noue ao?’yi?a, oo/i2??cieoey aei eiio?ieth,
oo. (+ / -)e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a, oo/i2??cieoey aei eiio?ieth, oo. (+ /
-)1.Aac aeia?ea (eiio?ieue)14-16-2.N20P20K20 a ?yaeee13-114-2
3.N50P25K60 a ?yaeee10-412-44.N50P25K60 a?iceeae16+21605.N100P50K120
a?iceeae17+319+36.20 o/aa aiith22+822+6
5.2 A?ieia?/ia aeoeai?noue a?oioo a iin?aao eoeo?oaece
A?ieia?/ia aeoeai?noue a?oioo aecia/a? nooi?iue iia?e?caoe?? iiaeeaieo
?a/iaei ? i?aeaeuaiiy eiai iioaioe?eii? ?iaeth/ino?. Ca ??cieoeath
aieeao ia a?ieia?/io aeoeai?noue a?oioo e?aueie aa??aioaie aoee i?aen?a
aeee iin?aii? oa ei?iiaeo aia?a ii??aiyii c canoinoaaiiyi aa?a?oeeaeo
i??iaeno?a. A oeeo aa??aioao ?iciaae eeyiiai iieioia a a?oio? noaiiaea
a?aeiia?aeii 56-60%. A?eueo ?ioaineai?oee ?icaeoie i?e?ioei?e a?oioo
caaacia/oaaany caaaeyee ?icaeoeo ei?aiaai? i?e?ioei?e aiaiaeo.
Aeoeai?noue a?oioiai? i?e?ioei?e i?e canoinoaaii? aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a
ia ??cieo oiiao aeeaeaiiy ci?ithaaeanue caeaaeii a?ae niinia?a
canoinoaaiiy ianoeoeeaeo oa nenoaie oaeia?aiiy. Ca ?iciaaeii eeyiiai
iieioia a a?oio? niiniae canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo ia a?ae??ciyeeny.
Canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a ia oii? 20 o/aa aiith aai a aa??aio?
aianaiiy i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea o ?yaeee iaea?eueoa i?aeaeuoaaei
a?ieia?/io aeoeai?noue a?oio. ?iciaae eeyiiai iieioia ooo noaiiaea
57-64%.
5.3 Iiaeeaiee ?aaeei a?oioo a iin?aao eoeo?oaece
Ca ai?noii aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy, ye? aeinooii? aeey ?ineei, e?aueie
aa??aioaie ca ai?noii eaaeia?ae?ie?ciaaiiai acioo aoee an?a aeee
iin?aii? oa ei?iiaeo aia?a a i?ae?yaeaey eoeo?oaece ia neein
(16-15,4 ia/100 a).
12
Ai?no ?ooiiiai oinoi?o oa iai?iiiai eae?th noaiiaea a?aeiia?aeii
11,1-11,3 oa 5,9-6,0 ia/100 a a?oioo ? aoa ia oiio ae ??ai?, ui ? i?e
canoinoaaii? aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a aac aianaiiy aeia?ea.
Niiniae canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo cia/ii ia a?ae??ciyeenue ca ai?noii
iniiaieo aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy a a?oio? caoenii? ciie ?yaeea. Aianaiiy
i??iaeno?e ye eieaeueii, oae ? nooe?eueii ia oii? 20 o/aa aiith aai
aea?aaeaioii? e?eueeino? i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea (N100P50K120)
caaacia/oaaei iaeaeuee ai?no a a?oio? acioo – 15.5-16.1 ia/100 a,
oinoi?o – 12.0-12.2 ia/100 a, ? eae?th – 7.1-7.3 ia/100 a a?oioo.
5.4 ?ioaa?iaaia ae?y caoiae?a ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie oa oiio aeeaeaiiy ia
i?iaeoeoeai?noue eoeo?oaece
Aeine?aeaeaiiyie, ye? aeeiiai? i?ioyaii 1997-1999 ?ie?a, anoaiiaeaii, ui
ia ia oaeia?aiiio oii? iaeaeua i?iaeoeoeai?noue eoeo?oaece
niinoa??aaeany i?e an?a? ei?iiaeo aia?a (200-271 oe/aa). Oeueiio a
iaai?e i??? ni?eyee cieaeaiiy caao?’yiaiino? oa ca?eueoaiiy ai?noo
eaaeia?ae?ie?ciaaiiai acioo a a?oio?. I?e an?a? aeee a i?ae?yaeaey
eoeo?oaece i?iaeoeoeai?noue iin?a?a cieaeoaaeany (aei 177-214 oe/aa), ui
iiynith?oueny ye i?eai?/aiiyi eoeo?oaece aeeith, oae ? ao?aoaie caeaii?
iane aeee, ui niinoa??aathoueny i?e cae?aii? eoeo?oaece ia neein (oaae.
5).
Oaaeeoey 5 – O?iaeaei?noue neeinii? iane eoeo?oaece i?e aeieiai
aacia/ieo caoiaeao ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie a iin?aao eoeo?oaece
(na?aaei? ca 1997-1999 ??.)
Aa??aioe aeine?aeo1997 ?.1998 ?.1999 ?.na?aaei?1 Nooe?eueia aianaiiy
i??iaeno?e
(ae?iaie/ee eiio?ieue)2042392002142.Eieaeueia aianaiiy
i??iaeno?e2072431972123. Eoeo?oaeca + aeea 2-ai no?ieo2052141771994.
Eoeo?oaeca + ei?iia? aiae
2-ai no?ieo245271200231 I?? 05147716Ii??aiyii aei nooe?eueiiai
canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a eieaeueia caaacia/oaaei
a?iaeaei?noue neeinii? iane i?e an?o nenoaiao oaeia?aiiy ia iaeiaeiaiio
??ai? (?en.4).
13
?en. 4 Aoaeoeai?noue ae?? niinia?a canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a
ia ??cieo oiiao aeeaeaiiy (na?aaei? ca 1997-1999 ??.)
Iaeaeuee a?iaeae aoei io?eiaii i?e canoinoaaii? aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a
ia oii? i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea N100P50K120 aianaieo a?iceeae (314
oe/aa) oa N50P25K60 aianaieo a ?yaeee 291-293 oe/aa.
5. A?IAIA?AAOE*IA OA AEIIII?*IA IOe?IEA CANIA?A AI?IOUeAE C
AO?’ssIAIE A IIN?AAO EOEO?OAeCE.
?ic?aooiee aia?aaoe/ii? oa aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? ae?iuoaaiiy
eoeo?oaece ia neein i?e canoinoaaii? ??cieo cania?a ai?ioueae c
ao?’yiaie iieacaee, ui ia ia oaeia?aiiio oii? iaea?eueo aeioe?eueieie
aoee aa??aioe c an?aii ei?iiaeo aia?a oa c eieaeueiei aianaiiy 22,5
ie/aa i??iaeno?e. Eiao?oe??ioe aia?aaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? a oeeo
aa??aioao noaiiaeee a?aeiia?aeii 4,10 oa 3,77, a nia?aa?o?noue 1 oe
neeinii? iane – 1,72 oa 1,90 a?i.
Ii??aiyiiy niinia?a canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a a iin?aao
eoeo?oaece i?e ??cieo nenoaiao ?? oaeia?aiiy na?ae/eoue i?i
ia?aaaao
14
eieaeueiiai. A?i ca iieacieeaie aia?aaoe/ii? oa aeiiii?/ii? ioe?iee aoa
e?auee ca ieoii?noth aia?aaoe/ieo oa iaoa??aeueieo aeo?ao. I?e
canoinoaaii? aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a ia oii? aeia?ea, ui aiineeeny a
?yaeee, aeiiii?/ia oa aia?aaoe/ia aoaeoeai?noue i?aeaeuoaaeeny.
AENIIAEE
I?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy ii aea/aiith aoaeoeaiino? aeieiai aacia/ieo
cania?a ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie a iin?aao eoeo?oaece, ui ae?iuo?oueny ia
neein, aeicaieythoue c?iaeoe ianooii? aeniiaee.
1. A ?acoeueoao? i?iaaaeaiiy eaai?aoi?ieo oa iieueiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue
anoaiiaeaii, ui aeey ?ie?onooaaiiy ian?iiy eoeo?oaece iioeiaeueiith
ii?iith aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a ? 0,9 e/o. I?e aianaii?
aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a a ian?ii?aeo iaieiieao cieaeo?oueny
caa?oaeiaiiy iaaeieeoiueiai na?aaeiaeua.
2. Canoinoaaiiy eieaeueii aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a a ii?i? 22,5 ie/aa
ni?ey? ciaioaiith a caoeni?e cii? ?yaeea eoeo?oaece e?eueeino? ao?’yi?a
(ia 64-65%), oa ?o iane (ia 67%), ui ia iinooia?oueny ca
aoaeoeai?noth nooe?eueiiio aianaiith 5 e/aa oeueiai i?aia?aoo. Ca
1996-1999 ??., o?iaeaei?noue neeinii? iane eoeo?oaece i?e eieaeueiiio
canoinoaaii? 22,5 ie/aa i??iaeno?a noaiiaeea 234 oe/aa, a i?e
aianaii? oeyoii nooe?eueiiai iai?eneoaaiiy 5e/aa aa?a?oeeaeo – 237
oe/aa, ui aoei a iaaeao iiieeee aeine?aeo, iaeiae aeo?aoe i?aia?aoo
ciaiooaaeenue a 200 ?ac?a.
3. A iin?aao eoeo?oaece aeioe?eueii aeei?enoiaoaaoe o?oioeaiioe/iee
can?a cieaeaiiy caao?’yiaiino? oeyoii ou?eueiaiiy aiaiaeie eoeueoo?aie.
I?e an?a? aei eoeo?oaece 16 ea/aa aeee /e 90 ea/aa ei?iiaeo aia?a,
e?euee?noue ao?’yi?a cieaeo?oueny – ia 48-86 %, a ?o iana – ia 58-87 %,
i?ioe iaeii aeaeiaiai iin?ao eoeo?oaece.
4. Aeey cieaeaiiy caao?’yiaiino? iin?a?a a?eueo aoaeoeaiee ae?oaee no?ie
an?ao aiaiaeo a i?ae?yaeaey eoeo?oaece, yeee i?iaiaeeoueny o oaco 5-7
eenoe?a (/a?ac 25 aei?a a?ae iiyae ?? noiae?a). O?iaeae neeinii? iane
eoeo?oaece c aiaiaeie a oeueiio aa??aio? aoa aeuee ia 17-57 oe/aa a
ii??aiyii? c iaeii aeaeiaei iin?aii (182 oe/aa).
5. Ia an?o aeine?aeaeoaaieo oiiao aeeaeaiiy o?oioiene/ia ae?y
aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a i?e eieaeueiiio eiai canoinoaaii? ia ao?’yie a
iin?aao eoeo?oaece c ii?iith 22,5 ie/aa ca aoaeoeai?noth aei??aithaaea
5e/aa oeueiai i?aia?aoo. Iaeaeuith o?iaeaei?noue neeinii? iane aoea ia
ae?eyieao aea aiineee i?ia?aeuei? aeia?eaa a ii?i? N100P50K120
nooe?eueii (314 oe/aa), /e N50P25K60 eieaeueii (291-293 oe/aa).
15
6. Eieaeueia oaeia?aiiy eoeo?oaece, ia a?aei?io a?ae aianaiiy aeia?ea
a?iceeae, ni?eyei cieaeaiith caao?’yiaiino? a caoeni?e nioc? ?yaeea
eoeo?oaece i?e iaio niiniaao canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a.
7. Ou?eueiaiiy eoeo?oaece aiaiaeie eiiiiiaioaie i?aeaeuo? a?ieia?/io
aeoeai?noue ??oioiaiai na?aaeiaeua, ca?eueoo? ai?no
eaaeia?ae?ie?ciaaiiai acioo a caoeni?e cii? ?yaeea ii??aiyii ?c
eieaeueiei canoinoaaiiyi 22,5 ie/aa aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a.
A?ieia?/ia aeoeai?noue ??oioiaiai na?aaeiaeua oa ai?no
eaaeia?ae?ie?ciaaiiai acioo a caoeni?e cii? ?yaeea aoee aeu? i?e
eieaeueiiio canoinoaaii? aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a a ii?i? 22,5 ie/aa,
i?ae i?e nooe?eueiiio aianaii? 5 e/aa.
8. sse eieaeueia, oae ? nooe?eueia canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a
ia oiiao aianaiiy 20 o/aa aiith /e ?yaeeiaiai oaeia?aiiy iaoiiaeee
iaeaeuee ?iciaae eeyiiai iieioia a caoeni?e cii? ?yaeea. Ia /an
cae?aiiy a?iaeath iaeaeuee ai?no a ??oio? aeaiaio?a aeeaeaiiy aoa i?e
iaio niiniaao canoinoaaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a ye ia oii? 20 o/aa
aiith, oae ? aea?aaeaioii? e?eueeino? i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea
(N100P50K120), aianaieo a?iceeae.
9. E?aua aeei?enoaiiy aia?aaoe/ieo ?ano?n?a niinoa??aa?oueny i?e
canoinoaaii? 22,5 ie/aa aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a ia oii? eieaeueii
aianaieo aeia?ea a ii?i? N20P20K20 (EAA = 4,18), oa o aa??aio? an?ao a
i?ae?yaeaey eoeo?oaece ei?iiaeo aia?a (EAA = 4,1).
10. Aeiiii?/ii ia??oioiaaieie, aeieiai aacia/ieie caoiaeaie a
ai?iouea? c ao?’yiaie a iin?aao eoeo?oaece ? eieaeueia aianaiiy 22,5
ie/aa i??iaeno?e aai an?aaiiy a i?ae?yaeaey ei?iiaeo aia?a.
Nia?aa?o?noue neeinii? iane a oeeo aa??aioao cieaeo?oueny ia 13-33 %.
NIENIE IAOEIAEO I?AOeUe II OAI? AeENA?OAOe??
1. I?uaiei TH.A. Ioe?iea niinia?a aianaiiy aa?a?oeeae?a ia ??cieo oiiao
i?ia?aeueiiai aeeaeaiiy a iin?aao eoeo?oaece // A?niee Noinueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. – Noie., 1999. – ?3. – N.92-94.
2. I?uaiei TH.A. Aoaeoeai?noue caoiae?a ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie a iin?aao
eoeo?oaece // Caoeno ?ineei. – 1999. – ?6. – N.12-13.
3. I?uaiei TH.A. Aa?a?oeeaee – eieaeueii // Caoeno ?ineei. – 1999. –
?7. – N.12.
4. I?uaiei TH.A. Eieaeueia aianaiiy i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea – ye iaeei ?c
oeyo?a aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy i?e ae?iuoaaii? eoeo?oaece ia neein //
Iaoa??aee i?aeia?iaeii? eiioa?aioe?? “Iaoeia? iniiae noaa?e?caoe??
ae?iaieoeoaa i?iaeoeoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa”. ?inoeooo ?ineeiieoeoaa
?i.A.ss.TH?ue?aa. – Oa?e?a, 1999. – N.352.
16
I?uaiei TH.A. Ii??aiyeueia ioe?iea aeieiai aacia/ieo caoiae?a ai?ioueae
c ao?’yiaie a iin?aao eoeo?oaece ia ??cieo oiiao i?ia?aeueiiai aeeaeaiiy
a oiiaao i?ai?/ii-no?aeiiai E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth – 06.01.01 –
Caaaeueia caiea?ianoai. – Iaoe?iiaeueiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao. – Ee?a. –
1999.
Caoeua?oueny ?oeiien aeena?oaoe??, yeee i?noeoue ?acoeueoaoe eiiieaenii?
ioe?iee aeieiaiaacia/ieo caoiae?a ai?ioueae c ao?’yiaie a iin?aao
eoeo?oaece, ui ae?iuo?oueny ia neein a oiiaao i?ai?/ii-no?aeiiai
E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie.
Ca ?acoeueoaoaie i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue anoaiiaeaii, ui aeey
eieaeueiiai aianaiiy aa?a?oeeaeo i??iaeno?a a ian?ii?aeo iaieiieao,
iaea?eueo aoaeoeaia ?ie?onooaaiiy ian?iiy eoeo?oaece aeaiei i?aia?aoii
a ii?i? 0,9 e/o. Aeyaeaii, ui ou?eueiaiiy eoeo?oaece o oac? 5-7 eenoe?a
ei?iiaeie aiaaie – ? aeioe?eueiei o?oioeaiioe/iei caniaii i?eai?/aiiy
ao?’ yi?a.
Aecia/aii iiceoeaiee aieea aeaieo aeieiai aacia/ieo cania?a ai?ioueae c
ao?’yiaie ia a?ieia?/io aeoeai?noue oa iiaeeaiee ?aaeei a?oioo.
?ic?aooiee aia?aaoe/ii? oa aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? aeacothoue ia
?aoe?iiaeuei?noue canoinoaaiiy oeeo caoiae?a i?e ae?iuoaaii? eoeo?oaece
ia neein.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: aeieiai aacia/i? caniae ai?ioueae, ao?’yie,
eoeo?oaeca, aa?a?oeeae, ou?eueiaiiy.
Ieuaiei TH.A. N?aaieoaeueiay ioeaiea yeieiai aaciianiuo i?eaiia ai?ueau
n ni?iyeaie a iinaaao eoeo?ocu ia ?acee/iuo oiiao ieoaiey a oneiaeyo
Naaa?i-ainoi/iie Eaninoaie Oe?aeiu.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa
naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe – 06.01.01 – Iauaa
caieaaeaeea. – Iaoeeiiaeueiue aa?a?iue oieaa?neoao. – Eeaa. – 1999.
Caueuaaony ?oeiienue aeenna?oaoeee, eioi?ay niaea?aeeo ?acoeueoaou
eiiieaeniie ioeaiee yeieiai aaciianiuo i?eaiia ai?ueau n ni?iyeaie a
iinaaao eoeo?ocu, au?aueaaaiie ia neein a oneiaeyo naaa?i-ainoi/iie
Eaninoaie Oe?aeiu.
Ec ?acoeueoaoia i?iaaaeaiiuo enneaaeiaaiee onoaiiaeaii, /oi aeey
eieaeueiiai aianaiey aa?aeoeeaea i?eiyeno?a a naiaiiuo iaiei/eao,
iaeaieaa yooaeoeaiia eie?onoe?iaaiea naiyi eoeo?ocu aeaiiui i?aia?aoii a
ii?ia 0,9 e/o. N?aaiaiea niiniaia nieioiiai e eieaeueiiai (a naiaiiuo
iaiei/eao) i?eiaiaiey aa?aeoeeaea i?eiyeno?a, i?e au?aueaaiee eoeo?ocu n
?acee/iuie nenoaiaie oaeia?aiey, ia iieacaei nouanoaaiiiai ?acee/ey a
aai oeoioiene/aneii aeaenoaee ia ni?iyee.
17
Oaiaoathuaa aeaenoaea aa?aeoeeaea i?eiaeno?a ia ni?iyee oneeeaaei
?yaeeiaia oaeia?aiea eoeo?ocu. O?iaeaeiinoue neeiniie ianu i?e
eieaeueiii e nieioiii aai aianaiee auea ia iaeiii o?iaia, e aaieueoae
ia?a caaenaea io oaeia?aiey eoeo?ocu.
Aeaiiua iiuoia oeacuaatho, /oi i?e aianaiee aa?aeoeeaea n
eie?onoe?iaaiiuie naiaiaie, cia/eoaeueii oiaiueoaaony ii?ia ?anoiaea
i?aia?aoa, aeaaiaea?y /aio nieaeaaony caa?yciaiea ie?oaeathuae n?aaeu.
Auyaeaii, /oi oieioiaiea eoeo?ocu ei?iiauie aiaaie yaeyaony
oeaeaniia?aciui oeoioeaiioe/aneei i?eaiii iiaeaaeaiey ni?iyeia. Aeey
nieaeaiey cani?aiiinoe iinaaia aieaa yooaeoeaai aoi?ie n?ie iiaenaaa
aiaiauo a iaaeaeo?yaeuey eoeo?ocu – a oaca 5-7 eenoueaa.
Ii?aaeaeaii iieiaeeoaeueiia aeeyiea aeaiiuo yeieiai aaciianiuo i?eaiia
ai?ueau n ni?iyeaie ia aeieiae/aneoth aeoeaiinoue e ieoaoaeueiue ?aaeei
ii/au. ?an/aou yia?aaoe/aneie e yeiiiie/aneie yooaeoeaiinoe oeacuaatho
ia ?aoeeiiaeueiinoue i?eiaiaiey yoeo i?eaiia aeey ai?ueau n ni?iyeaie.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: Yeieiai aaciianiua i?eaiu ai?ueau, ni?iyee, eoeo?oca,
aa?aeoeeae, oieioiaiea.
Mishchenko Y.H. Comparative estimation of ecologically safe measures of
fighting weeds in maize crop against different background of mineral
supply in conditions of north-eastern Forest Steppe Zone of Ukraine. –
A manuscript.
This is a thesis for the degrel of Candidate of agricultural sciences in
speciality 06.01.01 – general soil cultivation. – National agrarian
university. – Kyiv. – 1999.
The manuscript of the thesis which contains the results of
comprehensive ecologically safe measures of fighting weeds in the crop
of maize grown for silage in conditions of north-eastern Forest Steppe
Zone of Ukraine is defended.
The results of the investigation proved that encrusting seeds of maize
with herbicide primextra at the rate of 0,9 l per ton was the most
effective for local application of this chemical in coated seeds.
It was determined that growing of maize at the stage of 5-7 leaves in
mixture with feed beans was a reasonable phytocenotic measure of
suppressing weeds.
Positive effect of these ecologically safe measures of fighting weeds on
biologic activity and nutrient supply of soil was discovered. The
estimates of energy and economic efficiency demonstrated the
advisability of application of these measures while growing maize for
silage.
Key words: ecologically safes measures of fighting, weeds, maize,
herbicide, in mixture.
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