15
Oa?e?anueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao ?i.A.A. Aeieo/a?aa
EIAAEUeIAA OAOssIA AIEIAeEIE??AIA
OAeE 631.16:658.155
?AIOAAAEUeI?NOUe N?EUeNUeEIAINIIAeA?NUeEIAI AE?IAIEOeOAA A
AINIIAeA?NUeEIIO IAOAI?CI? AIE
( ia iaoa??aeao n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa Oa?e?anueei?
iaeano? )
Niaoe?aeuei?noue 08.07.02 – Aeiiii?ea n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa oa AIE
A a o i ? a o a ? a o
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
Oa?e?a – 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien
?iaioa aeeiiaia a Oa?e?anueeiio aea?aeaaiiio aa?a?iiio oi?aa?neoao? ?i.
A.A.Aeieo/a?aa ia eaoaae?? aeiiii?ee n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa.
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
OEssI A?eoi? Eineiiae/
(eaoaae?a aeiiii?ee n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa Oa?e?anueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo )
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
IEAEN??IEI Aaea??e
sseiae/
(eaoaae?a aooaaeoa?nueeiai iae?eo ? o?iain?a Aei?i?iiao?ianueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo)
eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
NIEIAEIA Ieeiea Oaaei?iae/,
(eaoaae?a i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa oa aa?ia?ciano Oa?e?anueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo)
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: Iaeanueeee aea?aeaaiee n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeee
?inoeooo, eaoaae?a i?aai?caoe??
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “15” aa?aniy 1999 ?ieo i 12 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E 64.803.01 a Oa?e?anueeiio
aea?aeaaiiio aa?a?iiio oi?aa?neoao? ?i.A.A. Aeieo/a?aa ca aae?anith:
312131, i.Oa?e?a, i/a “Eiioi?no-1”, o/aiaa i?noa/ei OAeAO, ei?ion 1,
aoae.213.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? Oa?e?anueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?i.A.A. Aeieo/a?aa.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “12” na?iiy 1999 ?ieo.
A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii?
a/aii? ?aaee
IAEAAeIINUeEEE A.A.
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. A nenoai? ?eieiaiai iaoai?cio ainiiaea?thaaiiy
?aioaaaeueiino? iaeaaeeoue iaeia c oeaio?aeueieo i?noeue. Iniaeea?noth
aeaii? aeiiii?/ii? eaoaai??? ye aeaiaioa oeueiai iaoai?cio ? eiiieaeniee
oa?aeoa?, ??ciiiai?oi?noue aeeiioaaieo ooieoe?e. Iae/ano?oa ??aaiue
?aioaaaeueiino? ?icaeyaea?oueny ye aieiaiee ioe?iiee iieaciee c
ii?iith i?eaooeo a aieiai?e ?ie?. Ie iiaiaeaeo?iiny c oaeei
oaa?aeaeaiiyi, aea aaaaea?ii iiieeeiaei i???iooaaoeny o?eueee ia oeth
ooieoe?th i?e ioe?ioe? i?noey ?aioaaaeueiino? a ainiiaea?nueeiio
iaoai?ci?. Ia iaio aaaeeeaith ? noeioethth/a ooieoe?y. ?aioaaaeueia
aaaeaiiy ae?iaieoeoaa oa io?eiaiiy i?eaooeo aenooiathoue aaaeeeaei
noeioeii ?icaeoeo ainiiaea?noa. I?aei?e?iieoeoai ye iaeei c iniiaieo
oaeoi??a i?ia?ano a oiiaao ?eieo ia aeiaaeeiai aecia/a?oueny ye
ae?yeuei?noue, ni?yiiaaia ia io?eiaiiy i?eaooeo. Caeiie ?eieiai?
aeiiii?ee ia aeicaieythoue ae?iaeyoe i?iaeoeoe?th, ?aae?caoe?y yei?
i?eiineoue caeoie. Oaia??oiy neooaoe?y c ae?iaieoeoaii i?iaeoeoe??
oaa?eiieoeoaa ? iai?e?iaeiith. Ua iaeia ooieoe?y – iaiaaeoaaeueia. Aiia
? i?aeoaa?aeaeo? aeaia iieiaeaiiy – ae?iaieoeoai i?iaeoeoe??
oaa?eiieoeoaa a noni?eueiiio naeoi?? iaaieiii nei?i/o?oueny.
?aioaaaeueia aaaeaiiy ae?iaieoeoa, caaacia/oth/e io?eiaiiy i?eaooeo,
noai?th? aeaea?aea aeey oi?ioaaiiy oiiae?a iaa?iiaaeaeaiiy a
ainiiaea?noa?, ioaea, naii ? aeaea?aeii iiiiaiaiiy athaeaeao?a on?o
??ai?a.
Noai aea/aiiy i?iaeaie. A ??ci? ia??iaee ?icaeoeo
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa noaaeaiiy aei i?iaeaie
?aioaaaeueiino? aoei ??ciei. O?eaaeee /an a eieainiao ??aaiue
?aioaaaeueiino? ia aecia/aany, a/ai? iaaaoeaii noaaeeeny aei oe???
eaoaai???. ?icoe?aiiy oiaa?ii–a?ioiaeo a?aeiinei, aeciaiiy caeiio
aa?oino? ye iiaiii?aaiiai ?aaoeyoi?a noni?eueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa
aeiei??iii ci?ieee neooaoe?th. C`yaeeiny /eiaei ooiaeaiaioaeueieo
i?aoeue, i?enay/aieo aeine?aeaeaiith ?aioaaaeueiino? ye aeiiii?/ii?
eaoaai???, ??aiy iioeiaeueii? ?aioaaaeueiino?, oe?iiooai?aiiy ye oaeoi?a
?aioaaaeueiino?, nia?aa?oino? i?iaeoeoe??, aeeoa?aioe?aeueii? ?aioe oa
?? aieeao ia i?eaooeia?noue ae?iaieoeoaa. Oea i?aoe? ?.?.Eoe?iiaa,
A.?. ?iiai/aiea, ?. I. ?iiaiaiea, E.I. Eeaoeueeiai, A. E. Ianoaaa?a,
E.?.Ie?oa?a, E.I. Oaiioueei oa ?i. Iniaeeaa oaaaa i?eae?eyeany oaeiae
iiooeo oeyo?a i?aeaeuaiiy ?aioaaaeueiino? ae?iaieoeoaa. Ia?ao?ae aei
oi?ioaaiiy ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei o noa?? AIE aaaaoi a /iio aeiei??iii
ci?iea i?aeoiaee aei aea/aiiy i?iaeai ?aioaaaeueiino? ae?iaieoeoaa. O
noa?o iaoeiaeo ?ic?iaie aoei caeo/aii i?aoe? ca?oa?aeieo aeiiii?no?a c
i?iaeai ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee – I.Naioaeueniia, A.Eaooa?a, Ae.Noioia, E.,
O?o/?iaa, E.Oi?aeoa oa ?i. Ie?aeiee aoa iaoeiaee aei?iaie a?o/eciyieo
aeine?aeiee?a – I. O. Naaeoea, I.I.Oaa/oea, I.I.Oie/aea
,A.ss.Ieaen??iea, I.O.Ia?e/oea, oa ?i. Oni?oii ?ic?iaeyeany ?aioia
i?iaeaiaoeea (i?aoe? A.ss. Ianaeue-Aanaeyea, I.?. Aaeaeooeueeiai, Ae.N.
Aeia?yea, ?.A. ?icoiiiai, I.I. Iin?thea, I.I. Oaaei?iaa, E.I. Ai?/eia,
A.E. Oeyia oa ?i). ?acoeueoaoe ?o aeine?aeaeaiue ?icoe?eee oai??th
?aioaaaeueiino? ae?iaieoeoaa, noai?eee iaae?eiee iaoiaeieia?/iee
ooiaeaiaio aeey iiaeaeueoi? ?ic?iaee oe??? i?iaeaie.
Ca`ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. ?iaioa ?
neeaaeiaith ieaio iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue eaoaae?e aeiiii?ee
Oa?e?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?i. A.A. Aeieo/a?aa, a
oaeiae oaie “Iaoiaeeea aecia/aiiy aeo?ao ? aeeoa?aioe?aeueieo (?aioieo)
aeioiae?a ia caieyo ??cii? yeino?“, yea aeeiioaaeany ia caaaeaiiy
I?i?noa?noaa AIE Oe?a?ie (iiia? aea?ae?aa?no?aoe?? 0198U007200).
Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoith aeine?aeaeaiiy aoei ooi/iaiiy
nenoaie iieaciee?a ?aioaaaeueiino? noiniaii no/aniiai noaio ?eieiai?
aeiiii?ee, aea/aiiy noeoiiino? oaeoi??a, ye? aieeaathoue ia ??aaiue
i?eaooeiaino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa, iaa?oiooaaiiy
iai?yie?a i?aeaeuaiiy ?ie? ?aioaaaeueiino? a no/aniiio iaoai?ci?
ainiiaea?thaaiiy. A?aeiia?aeii aei iaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy ae??ooaaeeny
oae? caaea/?:
– ioe?iea ?ie? ?aioaaaeueiino?, ye i?ia?aeiiai aeiiii?/iiai aaaeaey a
no/aniiio iaoai?ci? ainiiaea?thaaiiy;
– ?ic?iaea ? ai?iaaoe?y nenoaie iieaciee?a ?aioaaaeueiino? c o?aooaaiiyi
iiaeo i?aeoiae?a aei aecia/aiiy aeae?a i?eaooeo ? aaee/eie aaainiaaiiai
eai?oaeo;
– ocaaaeueiaiiy ia?oeo ?acoeueoao?a aenia?eiaioo a Aeiaeinueeiio ?aeii?
Iieoaanueei? iaeano? ii cai?iaaaeaeaiith ?aeeiiai (o?eniaaiiai) iiaeaoeo
? aecia/aiith eiai aieeao ia oi?ioaaiiy aeo?ao ? aeioiae?a a
ainiiaea?noaao c ??ciith ye?noth caiaeue;
– ioe?iea aieeao aeeoa?aioe?aeueieo aeioiae?a ii ?iaeth/ino? a?oio?a ia
??aaiue i?eaooe?a, ?aioaaaeueiino? ae?iaieoeoaa a ainiiaea?noaao
Oa?e?anueei? iaeano?;
– iaa?oiooaaiiy i??i?eoaoiino? aoaeoeaiiai aeei?enoaiiy caie? o
oi?ioaaii? i?eaooeiaino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa a
no/anieo oiiaao (c o?aooaaiiyi ia?eaoeiaiai? no?aoaa?? aa?a?iiai
a?ciano), aoaeoeaia aeei?enoaiiy caie? ? iaeiei ?c aieiaieo oaeoi??a
oi?ioaaiiy ??aiy i?eaooeiaino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa;
– e?euee?nia e ye?nia ioe?iea aieeao ie?aieo oaeoi??a ia ??aaiue
?aioaaaeueiino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa;
– oaeineiiaeaiiy iaoai?cio ainiiaea?thaaiiy c eiai i???ioaoe??th ia
aeinyaiaiiy aenieiai ??aiy ?aioaaaeueiino?.
I?aaeiao ? ia`?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy. I?aaeiaoii aeine?aeaeaiiy aoea
noeoii?noue oai?aoe/ieo ? i?aeoe/ieo i?iaeai ooieoe?iioaaiiy eaoaai???
?aioaaaeueiino? a no/aniiio iaoai?ci? ainiiaea?thaaiiy, iai?yiee
i?aeaeuaiiy ?? ??aiy.
Ia`?eoii aeine?aeaeaiiy aoee ainiiaea?noaa a?iiaaenueeiai naeoi?o
Oa?e?anueei? iaeano?, a oaeiae Aeiaeinueeiai ?aeiio Iieoaanueei?
iaeano?, a yeiio i?iaiaeeany aeiiii?/iee aenia?eiaio.
Iaoiaeieia?y ? iaoiaeeea aeine?aeaeaiiy. Oai?aoe/iith ? iaoiaeieia?/iith
iniiaith aeine?aeaeaiiy aoee ae?aeaeoe/iee iaoiae i?ciaiiy oa nenoaiiee
i?aeo?ae aei aea/aiiy aeiiii?/ieo yaeu, caeiiiaeaa/? ? ii?iaoeai? aeoe
aeaaeieo no?oeoo? aea?aeaae, ooiaeaiaioaeuei? iaoeia? i?aoe? a?o/eciyieo
? ca?oa?aeieo o/aieo c i?iaeai ?aioaaaeueiino?, ?icaeoeo ?eieiai?
aeiiii?ee. Aeei?enoiaoaaeeny ??ci? iaoiaee oa niiniae aeiiii?/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue: aano?aeoii–eia?/iee, iiiia?ao?/iee, a?ao?/iee,
no?oeoo?iiai ? nenoaiiiai aiae?co, ?iaeaeniee, ei?aeyoe?eii–?aa?an?eiiai
aiae?co c aeei?enoaiiyi iaeao?a i?eeeaaeieo i?ia?ai “EXCEL” oa
“STATISTICA –5,0”.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa? a oiio, ui ia iniia?
aeine?aeaeaiue, i?iaaaeaieo aaoi?ii:
-?icaeiooi i?aeo?ae, ca?aeii c yeei ?aioaaaeuei?noue ae?iaieoeoaa ne?ae
?icaeyaeaoe ia o?eueee ye iaeei c i?ia?aeieo iieaciee?a aoaeoeaiino?, a
e ye iaeio c iaeaaaeeea?oeo neeaaeiaeo iaoai?cio ainiiaea?thaaiiy, ae?y
yei? iineoue eiiieaeniee oa?aeoa?;
– ooi/iaii e ai?iaiaaii nenoaio iieaciee?a ?aioaaaeueiino? ca?aeii ?c
no/anieie i?aeoiaeaie aei aecia/aiiy ??aiy i?eaooeo, a oaeiae iioi/ieo
aeo?ao oa ianyao aeei?enoaieo ?ano?n?a;
– aeei?enoaii nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae aei aiae?co ?aioaaaeueiino?
?ineeiieoeoaa oa oaa?eiieoeoaa c aeae?eaiiyi o nenoaiao
“?aioaaaeuei?noue i?iaeoeoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa “ oa “?aioaaaeuei?noue
i?iaeoeoe?? oaa?eiieoeoaa” eiiiiiaio?a “ethaeeia”, “i?ioeane”,
“na?aaeiaeua “, “ oaoi?ea “,ye? aieeaathoue ia e?ioeaa? ?acoeueoaoe;
– iieacaii aieea ??cieo nenoai iiiaeaoeoaaiiy ia oi?ioaaiiy nia?aa?oino?
oa i?eaooeiaino? a oiiaao i?iaaaeaiiy aeiiii?/iiai aenia?eiaioo a
Aeiaeinueeiio ?aeii? Iieoaanueei? iaeano?;
– iaa?oioiaaii i?ia?aeio ?ieue aoaeoeaiiai aeei?enoaiiy caie? o
oi?ioaaii? i?eaooeiaino? ae?iaieoeoaa ? aoaeoeaiiai aeei?enoaiiy
?ano?n?a a oiiaao ia?aoiaeo aei ?eieo;
– aecia/aii e?euee?nio ioe?ieo aieeao aeeoa?aioe?aeueieo aeioiae?a ca
?iaeth/?noth ia ??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino? a ia`?eo? aeine?aeaeaiiy .
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? a
oiio, ui ?icaeyioo? a ?iaio? iieacieee ??aiy ?aioaaaeueiino? c
o?aooaaiiyi iniaeeainoae ?o aecia/aiiy a oiiaao noaiiaeaiiy ?eieiaeo
a?aeiinei aeicaieythoue a?eueo aoaeoeaii ioe?ithaaoe noai ae?iaieoeoaa,
a oaeiae ?aaeueii aecia/aoe oaeoe/iee ??aaiue aoaeoeaiino? ae?iaieoeoaa
oa ??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino? c o?aooaaiiyi aaee/eie aeeoa?aioe?aeueieo
aeioiae?a.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Io?eiai? iaoeia? ?acoeueoaoe aeicaieeee
ioe?ieoe no/aniee noai ae?iaieoeoaa ? aeyaeoe iniiai? oaiaeaioe?? aei
ciaioaiiy caeoeiaino? i?aei?e?inoa ? i?aeaeuaiiy ?o ?aioaaaeueiino?, a
oaeiae iaa?oiooaaoe i?iiiceoe?? uiaei iaoai?ci?a oi?ioaaiiy ??aiy
?aioaaaeueiino?. Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a a iaoeia?e i?aoe? ?5
iieyaa? a aiae?c? no/aniiai noaio iiiaeaoeoaaiiy oa iaa?oiooaaiiy
iaiao?aeiino? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?aeeiiai iiaeaoeo; a iaoeia?e i?aoe? ?7
aeena?oaioo iaeaaeeoue ?ic?aooieiaa /anoeia oa aiae?c io?eiaieo
?acoeueoao?a.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe aeiiia?aeaeenue ? io?eiaee iiceoeaio ioe?ieo ia
iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?yo i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo OAeAO ?i.
A.A. Aeieo/a?aa a 1996-1998 ??. ? ia i?aeaoc?anuee?e eiioa?aioe?? a 1999
?. ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue aeei?enoiaoaaeeny i?e ?ic?iaoe? iaoiaeeee
aecia/aiiy aeeoa?aioe?aeueieo aeioiae?a ia caieyo ??cii? ?iaeth/ino?,
yea io?eiaea iiceoeaio ioe?ieo I?i?noa?noaa n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ?
AIE.
Ioae?eaoe??. C oaie aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii a?n?i iaoeiaeo i?aoeue,
ianyaii 1,5 oi.- ae?oe. a?e., a oiio /ene? i`youe o oaoiaeo aeaeaiiyo.
Ianya ? no?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c?
anooio, o?ueio ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a ? i?iiiceoe?e, nieneo aeei?enoaieo
aeaea?ae (167). ?iaioa aeeiiaia ia 152 noi??ieao eiii`thoa?iiai oaenoo.
I?noeoue 34 oaaeeoe?, a?n?i ?enoie?a.
No?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe. Anooi. ?icae?e 1. ?aioaaaeuei?noue a
iaoai?ci? ainiiaea?thaaiiy. 1.1. Nooi?noue oa niiniae e?euee?nii?
ioe?iee ??aiy ?aioaaaeueiino?. 1.2. Iniaeeaino? aecia/aiiy
?aioaaaeueiino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa. 1.3. Oaeoi?e,
ye? oi?iothoue ??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino?. ?icae?e 2. ?aioaaaeuei?noue
ae?iaieoeoaa a ainiiaea?noaao Oa?e?anueei? iaeano?. 2.1.
?aioaaaeuei?noue n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa a
ainiiaea?noaao Oa?e?anueei? iaeano?. 2.2. ?aioaaaeuei?noue ae?iaieoeoaa
i?iaeoeoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa. 2.3. ?aioaaaeuei?noue ae?iaieoeoaa
i?iaeoeoe?? oaa?eiieoeoaa. ?icae?e 3. Iaoai?cie oi?ioaaiiy
?aioaaaeueiino? ae?iaieoeoaa. 3.1. Oe?iiaee iaoai?ci. 3.2. Iiaeaoeiaee
iaoai?ci. 3.3. ?ioaineo?eaoe?y n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa.
3.4. sse?noue caiaeueieo oa?aeue ? ?aioaaaeuei?noue ae?iaieoeoaa.
Aeniiaee. Nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae.
INIIAIEE CI?NO AeENA?OAOe??
O anooi? iaa?oioiao?oueny aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeine?aeaeaiiy, ca`ycie
?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie, iaoa ? caaea/?
aeine?aeaeaiiy, iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a oa ?o i?aeoe/ia
cia/aiiy, aeaco?oueny iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a ? ai?iaaoe?y
?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy.
O ?icae?e? 1 “?aioaaaeuei?noue a iaoai?ci? ainiiaea?thaaiiy “
?ice?eaa?oueny cia/aiiy ?aioaaaeueiino? ye eiiieaenii? aeiiii?/ii?
eaoaai??? a aeiiii?/iiio iaoai?ci? ainiiaea?thaaiiy ?eieiaiai oeio. sse
neeaaeiaa oeueiai iaoai?cio ?aioaaaeuei?noue a?ae?a?a? aeeeth/ii
aaaeeeao ?ieue, ine?eueee i?eaooeia?noue ae?iaieoeoaa aeeiio? ooieoe?th
e?iaiiinii? nenoaie a?ciano. Aac i?eaooeo ia iiaea ?nioaaoe i? a?cian,
i? i?aei?e?iieoeoai. ?aioaaaeuei?noue ae?iaieoeoaa – oea ia o?eueee ?
iaa?oue ia no?eueee iaeei c aieiaieo iieaciee?a aoaeoeaiino?. Oea, ia?o
ca ana aaia?aoi? ?eieiai? nenoaie. Aeey oni?oiiai aeeiiaiiy nai??
nenoaiiooai?thth/i? ooieoe?? ?aioaaaeuei?noue ca aeaieie ?inoeoooo
aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee OAAI i?e na?aaeiueiio ??ai? ainiiaea?thaaiiy iiaeiia
aooe a ?ioa?aae? 27 – 30 % ? ia/enethaaoenue ye a?aeiioaiiy i?eaooeo aei
na?aaeiuei??/ii? aaee/eie iniiaieo oiiae?a oa iai?ioieo cania?a c
o?aooaaiiyi aa?oino? caie?. Aea, ye aeia?a a?aeiii, aa?ii?iieneiaee
eiiieaen o?e ?iee i?ae?yae caaa?oo? ??e c? caeoeaie. A /a?ac oea
aaoiiaoe/ii iio?aiey? o iaea??oa noaiiaeua na?aae ?ioeo naeoi??a
aeiiii?ee aea?aeaae, ii/eia? ooieoe?iioaaoe o ae?ae iani?eyoeeaeo
aeiiii?/ieo oiiaao. A iniaeeai neeaaeiiio noaiiaeu? iieieeany aaeocue
oaa?eiieoeoaa, a ye?e oiiae aeey ii?iaeueieo a?aeoai?thaaeueieo
i?ioean?a a?aenooi? a ia?aaaaei?e a?eueoino? ainiiaea?noa. Iiaeieaiiy
caeoeiaino?, aacoiiaii, ? aieiaiei a eiiieaen? i?iaeai, iia`ycaieo c
ooieoe?iioaaiiyi aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio. Aaeeea iaoeiaa oa i?aeoe/ia
cia/aiiy ia? oaeineiiaeaiiy nenoaie iieaciee?a ?aioaaaeueiino?. Ia iaoo
aeoieo, aiii iiaeiii a?aeaoaaoenue o aeaio iai?yieao: ia?oee –
?icoe?aiiy naii? nenoaie, a oiio /ene? aaaaeaiiyi iieaciee?a,
aei??thaaiiy yeeo cae?enith?oueny ia i?eioeeiiai iiaeo iaoiaeieia?/ieo
canaaeao, ae?oaee – ?ic?iaea iiaeo i?aeoiae?a aei ?ic?aooieo aaea
a?aeiieo iieaciee?a ?aioaaaeueiino?, c iiceoe?e ci?ie ii?yaeeo
aecia/aiiy i?eaooeo aai eiai /anoeie (/enaeueiee), a oaeiae aace, c
yeith a?i ni?anoaaey?oueny (ciaiaiiee).
Aeey oai??? ? i?aeoeee aaaeeeaa cia/aiiy ia? iaa?oioiaaia a/aieie
?inoeoooo aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee OAAI aecia/aiiy ?aioaaaeueiino? a
n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa? ye a?aeiioaiiy aaeainiaiai i?eaooeo aei
na?aaeiuei??/ii? aa?oino? iniiaieo oiiae?a ? iai?ioieo cania?a c
o?aooaaiiyi aa?oino? caie?. I?ioa oaeee niin?a aecia/aiiy
?aioaaaeueiino? aeaeaei ia ?aeeii iiaeeeaee. Iacaaaeath/e ia oa, ui
ai?iaeiaae aaaaoueio ?ie?a i?eaooie oa eiai a?aeiini? oi?ie ? i?aaeiaoii
ieeueii? oaaae aeiiii?no?a, iaeiinoaeiino? o aecia/aii? iaea?eueo
i?eeiyoieo iieaciee?a ?aioaaaeueiino? iaia?. Ie iiae?ey?ii oi/eo ci?o
i?i aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiee i?aeo?ae i?e aecia/aii? aeioe?eueiino?
aeei?enoaiiy iaaieo iieaciee?a ?aioaaaeueiino?. Nenoaia oeeo iieaciee?a
iiaea aeei?enoiaoaaoeny i?e aiae?c? ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino?,
oaeineiiaeaii? nenoaie oe?iiooai?aiiy, aecia/aii? oaii?a ?icoe?aiiai
a?aeoai?aiiy oiui. Acaaae? niin?a ia/eneaiiy a?aeiinieo iieaciee?a
?aioaaaeueiino? ia aieeaa? ia noio i?eaooeo (oiaoi aaciina?aaeiuei ia
ca?eueoo? ? ia ciaioo? eiai). Ne?ae iaoe ia oaac?, ui ni?aa?aeiioaiiy
??cieo iieaciee?a ?aioaaaeueiino? ye a /an?, oae ? ii ??cieo ia`?eoao
iiaea ?noioii a?ae??ciyoeny. A a?aeoae aeieea? iaiao?aei?noue o
ii??aiyeuei?e oa?aeoa?enoeoe? ??cieo iieaciee?a ?aioaaaeueiino?,
iniaeeai oeo, ye? ua ia iaaoee caaaeueiiai aeciaiiy. Na?aae ieo oaeee
iieaciee, ye a?aeiioaiiy aaeainiaiai i?eaooeo aei ae?o/ee a?ae
?aae?caoe?? i?iaeoeoe??, ia aeoieo A.ss.Ieaen??iea, eiio ne?ae iaaeaoe
i?ia?aeiiai cia/aiiy. Aeioe?euei?noue oaeiai i?aeoiaeo aei aecia/aiiy
?aioaaaeueiino? i?aeo?eiothoue E.N.Caaaaenueeee oa E.I. A?euaiei. Aea
?acii c oei aiie aeacothoue ia iaiao?aei?noue aecia/aiiy ?aioaaaeueiino?
oeyoii ni?anoaaeaiiy i?eaooeo c eai?oaeii, yea aaaaea?oueny iai`yceiaei
i?e cae?eniaii? aiae?co o?iainiai? ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoa. Ii?yae c
oeei i?e ?ic?aooieao iieaciee?a ?aioaaaeueiino? ne?ae a?aoiaoaaoe aeaee
i?eaooeo, aeciai? no/aniith aeiiii?/iith iaoeith, – aeiiii?/iee,
aooaaeoa?nueeee, i?eaooie a?ae ?aae?caoe??, i?eaooie aei nieaoe
iiaeaoe?a, i?eaooie i?ney nieaoe iiaeaoe?a. Iaie aoee c`yniaai? ci?ie o
ni?aa?aeiioaii? ??cieo iieaciee?a ?aioaaaeueiino? a /an? oa ii ie?aieo
ia`?eoao. Ii n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoaao Oa?e?anueei?
iaeano? ca ia??iae 1990 – 1997 ?. ni?anoaaeyeeny: ??ai? ?aioaaaeueiino?,
?ic?aoiaai? ye a?aeiioaiiy i?eaooeo (caeoeo) a?ae ?aae?caoe??
i?iaeoeoe?? aei ?? iiaii? nia?aa?oino?, ii?ie i?eaooeo, iieaciee
?aioaaaeueiino?, cai?iiiiiaaiee A.ss.Ieaen??ieii. Aeai? i?i ci?ie
iieaciee?a iaaaaeai? o oaae.1.
Ii ?ieai aiie aeineoue no?ieao?. A /an? ii-??ciiio neeaaeaeiny
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy aaeainiaiai i?eaooeo (caeoeo) oa i?eaooeo (caeoeo) a?ae
?aae?caoe?? i?iaeoeoe??, a oaeiae aeo?ao ia ?aae?ciaaio i?iaeoeoe?th,
na?aaeiuei??/ii? aaee/eie iniiaieo oa iai?ioieo cania?a ? aa?oino?
?aae?ciaaii? i?iaeoeoe??.
A?ioiaa ioe?iea caie?, yea aea? ciiao aeeth/aoe aei neeaaeo aa?a?iiai
ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo aa?o?noue caie?, ci?ith? aecia/aiiy ii?ie
i?eaooeo (oaae. 2 ). C o?aooaaiiyi aa?oino? caie? aiia ciaiooaaeany a
?aeiiao ii–??ciiio, a a na?aaeiueiio a 1,5 ?ace. A?ioiaa ioe?iea caie?
iaiao?aeia aeey aecia/aiiy aa?oino? caie? ye eai?oaeo o n?euenueeiio
ainiiaea?noa?, i?e/iio a iniiao ia/eneaiiy a?ioiai? ioe?iee caie?
iiaeiai aooe iieeaaeaiee ?aioiee iaoiae. No?ieao?noue iieaciee?a ??aiy
?aioaaaeueiino? iaoiiaeaia aaaaoueia oaeoi?aie, ? noa`?eoeaieie, ?
ia`?eoeaieie. Aeey ?noioiiai i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa iaiao?aeii iii`yeoeoe iaaaoeaio
ae?th ia aeiiii?eo ainiiaea?noa ia`?eoeaieo oaeoi??a, ye? a iaeiaio?e
i??? caeaaeaoue a?ae naieo o?oaeiaeo eieaeoea?a.
O ?icae?e? 2 “?aioaaaeuei?noue ae?iaieoeoaa a ainiiaea?noaao
Oa?e?anueei? iaeano? “ aiae?co?oueny no/aniee noai ?aioaaaeueiino?
ae?iaieoeoaa i?iaeoeoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa oa oaa?eiieoeoaa, a oaeiae
ae?iaieoeoaa a oe?eiio. I?iaeoeoe?y ?ineeiieoeoaa ai?iaeiaae inoaii?o
?ie?a aoea i?eaooeiaith (a 1997 ?ioe? ??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino? neeaa 28,6
%), a i?iaeoeoe?y oaa?eiieoeoaa – caeoeiaith, ui ? coiiaethaaei
caaaeueio caeoeia?noue ae?iaieoeoaa. I?e aiae?c? ?aioaaaeueiino?
?ineeiieoeoaa ? oaa?eiieoeoaa aoei aeei?enoaii nenoaiii–eiiiiiaioiee
i?aeo?ae. Aeey oeueiai aea/aeeny aioo??oiy aoaeiaa, neeaae ??,
no?oeoo?a, ooieoe??, aecia/aeeny oaeoi?e, ye? caaacia/othoue
oe?e?ni?noue aoaeiae. Aoaeue-yea nenoaia ia? iaai? eiiiiiaioe.
Nenoaiii–eiiiiiaioiee aiae?c ia?aaeaa/a? aecia/aiiy eiiiiiaio?a, ye?
caaacia/othoue iiyao nenoaiieo yeinoae. Aeey nenoaie “?aioaaaeuei?noue
i?iaeoeoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa“ oa “?aioaaaeuei?noue i?iaeoeoe??
oaa?eiieoeoaa“ oea oae? eiiiiiaioaie: “ethaeeia”, “ i?ioeane “,
“na?aaeiaeua “, “oaoi?ea “.Caeaaei?noue ?aioaaaeueiino? i?iaeoeoe??
?ineeiieoeoaa oa oaa?eiieoeoaa a?ae ae?e ethaeeie ?icaeyiooi o aeaio
aniaeoao (eiiiiiaio “ ethaeeia “): ethaeeia – ea??aiee (ia /ie?
ainiiaea?noaa) ? ethaeeia – o?oae?aiee. Iiae?e aeineoue oiiaiee, ai
iaeaeaa aniaeoe iia`ycai?.
Cieaeaiiy nia?aa?oino? ye o ?ineeiieoeoa?, oae ? o oaa?eiieoeoa? ?
eeth/iaei iiiaioii o ca?eueoaii? ?aioaaaeueiino? aaeocae (eiiiiiaio
“i?ioeane“). Iniiaiei o eiiiiiaio? “na?aaeiaeua“ ? caiey. Iaeei c
aieiaieo aaaeae?a i?aeaeuaiiy ?aioaaaeueiino? ae?iaieoeoaa – a?eueo
aoaeoeaia aeei?enoaiiy caie?, ca?eueoaiiy ae?iaieoeoaa i?iaeoeoe?? a
?ic?aooieo ia iaeeieoeth caiaeueii? ieiu? (oaae. 3 ).
Eiiiiiaio “oaoi?ea“ ia? aaeeea cia/aiiy aeey nenoai. Iaaeinoaoi?noue
oaoi?/ieo cania?a a n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoaao
i?ecaiaeeoue aei ii?ooaiue o ae?iaie/eo i?ioeanao, ui a naith /a?ao
aieeaa? ia i?eaooeia?noue. Caeoi?aey oaoi?ee n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeie
ae?iaieeaie a Oa?e?anuee?e iaeano? a inoaii? aeaa ?iee iaeaea ia
a?aeaoaaeany. A?eueo?noue iaoei ? iaoai?ci?a a?aei?aoethaaee
aii?oecaoe?ei? no?iee. Aiaeii/an aeo?aoe ia ?o ?aiiio ? oaoi?/ia
ianeoaiaoaaiiy, oiaoi oo?eiaiiy a i?aoeacaeaoiiio noai?, cia/ii c?inee.
Oea ua a?eueoa ni?eyei cieaeaiith ??aiy ? aoaeoeaiino?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa.
O ?icae?e? 3 “Iaoai?cie oi?ioaaiiy ?aioaaaeueiino? ae?iaieoeoaa“
?icaeyaeathoueny o?e neeaaeia? iaoai?cio oi?ioaaiiy ?aioaaaeueiino?
ae?iaieoeoaa i?iaeoeoe??:1) aeiiii?/ia na?aaeiaeua, yea ni?ey?
?aioaaaeueiiio aaaeaiith ae?iaieoeoaa; 2) ??aaiue aoaeoeaiino?
aeei?enoaiiy ?ano?n?a noa`?eoaie i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino?; 3)
iaa?oioiaai?noue ia?eaoeiaiai? no?aoaa?? oiaa?iae?iaiee?a, iioei?caoe?y
eaiae?a ?aae?caoe?? i?iaeoeoe??. Acaaae? a i?iaeai? ?aioaaaeueiino?
ae?iaieoeoaa a?aeaeca?eaeththoueny aieiai? aeiiii?/i?, nioe?aeuei?,
iie?oe/i? oa i?aai?caoe?ei? i?iaeaie ?icaeoeo noni?euenoaa. I?ioa ia
a?eueo eiie?aoiiio ??ai?, yeee iia`ycaiee c ae??th iaaieo iaoai?ci?a, c
oaeoi?aie e?ece a n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa? ? iaoiiaeth? noai
nooe?eueii? caeoeiaino? noa`?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy, aeacothoue ia oae?:
a?aenooi?noue e?aaeeoieo ?ano?n?a, aeenia?eoao oe?i, iacaaeia?eueia
iaoa??aeueii–oaoi?/ia caaacia/aiiy, iiaeaoeiaee i?an, nei?i/aiiy ianya?a
aeioaoe?e, a?aenooi?noue noi?iiaaieo ?eie?a caooo.
O oi?ioaaii? aeiiii?/iiai na?aaeiaeua ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino?
i?ia?aeia i?noea iaeaaeeoue oe?iiaiio, iiaeaoeiaiio oa e?aaeeoiiio
iaoai?ciai.
Aieiaiith i?iaeaiith oe?iiaiai iaoai?cio a ia??iae ?eieiaeo
o?ainoi?iaoe?e ? oe?iiaee aeenia?eoao. Ia Anaoe?a?inueeeo cai?ao naeyi a
ethoiio 1999 ?. a?i aoa aaniethoii iaa?oioiaaii ioa?aeoa?eciaaiee ye
aieiaiee ianin, yeee a?aeea/o? eiooe c naea ? ? i?ia?aeiei /eiieeii
caeoeiaino? ae?iaieoeoaa. Ie iiae?ey?ii oi/ea ci?o, ui i?e aecia/aii?
ia?eoaoiino? oe?i i?e i?aeaaeocaaiio iai?i? oa ?ic?aooieao ii?iaoeaii?
aaee/eie i?eaooeo iaiao?aeii ei?enooaaoeny ii?iith i?eaooeo, yea
neeaeany a i?iieneiaino?. Aea aieiaiith i?iaeaiith a n?euenueeiio
ainiiaea?noa? caeeoa?oueny iiaeieaiiy caeoeiaino? ae?iaieoeoaa, iniaeeai
a aaeoc? oaa?eiieoeoaa. I?aeaeuaiiy oe?i ?aae?caoe?? ye iaeei c oaeoi??a
iiaeieaiiy caeoeiaino? iiaea ?aaeueii cae?enieoeny o?eueee ca oiiae
i?aeaeuaiiy ieaoini?iiiaeiino? ianaeaiiy ia iaai?n?ei?e iniia?, aai
cai?iaaaeaeaiiy oaei? nenoaie aeiiii?/ieo aaaeae?a, yea caaacia/eoue
oaeee naiee aoaeo, ye ? i?aeaeuaiiy oe?i ?aae?caoe??. Oea oae? aaaeae?,
ye cai?iaaaeaeaiiy iiaeaoeiaeo eai?eoe, aaaaeaiiy a ae?th iiaeo
iaoai?ci?a aeei?enoaiiy IAeA, cai?iaaaeaeaiiy o?eniaaiiai iiaeaoeo,
athaeaeaoia o?iainoaaiiy i?ia?ai, ni?yiiaaieo ia cieaeaiiy oe?i ia
iaoa??aeueii–oaoi?/i? ?ano?ne oa ca?eueoaiiy ianya?a ae?iaieoeoaa a
n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa?. Ia ?aae?caoe?th oaeeo i?ia?ai aea?aeaaa
ni?yioaaea a 1998 ?. 4 ie?ae. a?i., a a 1999?. ia?aaeaa/a?oueny ia ieo
aeo?aoeoe 6 ie?ae a?i.
Ia ??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino? ae?iaieoeoaa i?iaeoeoe?? ?noioii aieeaa? ?
eieeaaiiy oe?i ?aae?caoe?? ii ??cieo ia`?eoao ainiiaea?thaaiiy. Oaea
caeaaei?noue aeineoue /?oei i?iyaey?oueny iaa?oue ia ??ai? ?aeii?a
iaeano?. C iaoith ?? e?euee?nii? ioe?iee aoei aecia/aii eiao?oe??ioe
ia?ii? ei?aeyoe?? i?ae iieacieeaie ieoiiino? aeo?ao ? oe?iith
?aae?caoe?? ii aeaio oiaa?ieo i?iaeoeoao ( oeoe?iaee ao?ye ? aaeeea
?iaaoa ooaeiaa ia i`yni ) a 1990 ? 1997??. A 1990?. aiie aei??aithaaee
a?aeiia?aeii 0,73 ? 0,56, a 1997?. – 0,67 ? 0,82. Ia ??aaiue ieoiiino?
aeo?ao aieeaa? ii?yae c oe?iith ?aae?caoe??, nia?aa?oino? iaeeieoe?
i?iaeoeoe??. Eieeaaiiy nia?aa?oino? ii ia`?eoao aeine?aeaeaiiy
iaoiiaethaaei aa??aoe?th iieacieea ieoiiino? aeo?ao a a?eueo?e i???,
i?ae eieeaaiiy oe?i ?aae?caoe??. Aea/aiiy aeina?aeo ainiiaea?noa, ye?
aeinyaee ?noioieo oni?o?a a caaacia/aii? ?aioaaaeueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa
i?iaeoeoe??, aea? i?aenoaae aeey oaeeo aeniiae?a. Ii-ia?oa, i?e ai?eiio
ainiiaea?thaaii? iaa?oue a oiiaao oe?ieiianooaaii? e?ece, yeo ia?aaeeaa?
n?euenueea ainiiaea?noai, iiaeia ia o?eueee iiaeieaoe caeoeia?noue, a e
aeinyaoe oaeiai ??aiy i?eaooeiaino?, a iaaeao yeiai ainiiaea?noaa
iathoue iiaeeea?noue cae?enithaaoe ?iaanooaaiiy, ca?eueooaaoe ?ici??
iioaioe?aeo. Ii-ae?oaa, a iniia? aenieeo iieaciee?a o o?iainia?e noa??
eaaeeoue ae?y aeaio aieiaieo /eiiee?a: 1-aenieiai ??aiy i?iaeoeoeaiino?
i?aoe? oa aeei?enoaiiy caiaeue, 2- caaeainiaaiino? ?icaeoeo aeaio
eiiieaenieo aaeocae – ?ineeiieoeoaa ? oaa?eiieoeoaa. Ii-o?ao?,
i?eaooeia?noue aaeoc? oaa?eiieoeoaa aai ae i?i?iaeueiee ??aaiue ??
caeoeiaino? caaacia/o?oueny aenieei ??aiai ?icaeoeo ae?iaieoeoaa
i?iaeoeoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa ? ia?o ca ana – ei?i?a. Ii-/aoaa?oa, o
ia?aaeiaeo ainiiaea?noaao ia?aaaaeia a?eueo?noue i?aoe?aiee?a ae?iaie/i?
noa?e caeiyoa a aaeoc? oaa?eiieoeoaa, ci???ioiaai?e ia ae?iaieoeoai
iieiea oa io?eiaiiy i?eieiaeo aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae.
Aeioiaei?noue n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa ciaoiaeeoueny a
o?ni?e caeaaeiino? a?ae ??aiy, a oaeiae a iaai?e i??? ? niiniao
iiiaeaoeoaaiiy oa ia?aooaaiiy ieaoaae?a. Iaie ocaaaeueiai? ia?o?
?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaioo a Aeiaeinueeiio ?aeii? Iieoaanueei? iaeano? ii
cai?iaaaeaeaiith iiaeaoeo ia caieth. Aecia/aii iane?eueee ?noioii
a?ae??ciythoueny ?ici??e iiaeaoe?a ? ieaoaae?a o nenoai? ?o
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? (a caeaaeiino? a?ae yeino? caie? i?e ?? ioe?ioe? ca
?acoeueoaoaie aii?ooaaiiy) a?ae ?o aaee/eie i?e ia?aooaaii? ca
i?eeiyoeie ii?iaoeaaie. Aecia/aii oaeiae ?ici?? o?eniaaiiai iiaeaoeo,
aaee/eia yeiai ? iio?aeiith a?ae a?ioiai? ioe?iee caie?, a oa a naith
/a?ao – a?ae aeiiii?/ii? ioe?iee caiaeue. A aeayeeo ainiiaea?noaao
Aeiaeinueeiai ?aeiio ??aaiue iiiaeaoeoaaiiy ca?eueoeany a na?aaeiueiio a
1,3 ?ace, a ?ioeo ciaioeany a 1,3 – 1,5 ?ace. ?aeeiee iiaeaoie ia
caieth, ia?aoiaaiee ca aii?oaoii ca ?ici??ii iaeaea ia a?ae??ciy?oueny
a?ae ia?aoiaaiiai c aeei?enoaiiyi a?ioiai? ioe?iee caie?.
Caeii i?i o?eniaaiee iiaeaoie aeey an?o n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
ae?iaiee?a, i?eeiyoee a 1999 ?. oa aaaaeaiiy iiaeaoeiaeo eai?eoe,
ni?yiiaai?, ia?o ca ana, ia ciaioaiiy iiaeaoeiaiai oeneo. C aaaaeaiiyi a
ae?th oeueiai Caeiio o Oa?e?anuee?e iaeano? aoaea ia?aoiaaii (ca aeaieie
iaeaniiai oi?aae?iiy aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno) ia 1 aa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oa?aeue a?ey 44 a?i. o?eniaaiiai iiaeaoeo
cai?noue 68 a?i. ca ?ai?oa ae?th/ith nenoaiith. A oe?eiio ii
ainiiaea?noaao Oa?e?anueei? iaeano? noia ia?aoiaaieo iiaeaoe?a
ciaioeoueny ia 48 iei. a?eaaiue, ye? aoaeooue i?aoethaaoe ia ae?iaieea
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe??.
I?iaeaia aieeao ?ioaineo?eaoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa, cie?aia ??aiy ieoiiino?
aeiaeaoeiaeo aeo?ao ia i?eaooeiao ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa, ?
o?aaeeoe?eiith aeey aeiiii?/ii? iaoee. I?ioa ia ??cieo aoaiao ?icaeoeo
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ca?eueoaiiy aeo?ao ia 1 aa iin?ao
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? ii-??ciiio aieeaaei ia aoaeoeai?noue,
ia ?aioaaaeuei?noue ae?iaieoeoaa. C oai?aoe/ieo iiceoe?e ne?ae
a?ae??ciyoe ae?th caeiio ia?ai?iieo a?aeiinei oa aoaeoeaiino? noeoiii?
aaee/eie aeo?ao. Ia iaoa??aeao ?aeii?a Oa?e?anueei? iaeano? aoei
aeine?aeaeaii aieea ??aiy aeo?ao ia 1 aa iin?ao ca?iiaeo a 1997 ?. ia
aoaeoeai?noue ?o ae?iaieoeoaa (oaae.4).
Iaaaaeai? aeai? ia?aeiieeai na?ae/aoue i?i oa, ui c?inoaiiy aeo?ao ia
1aa iin?ao noi?iaiaeaeoaaeiny iacia/iei ca?eueoaiiyi o?iaeaeiino?,
iacia/iei i?aeaeuaiiyi i?iaeoeoeaiino? i?aoe? oa oe?i ?aae?caoe??. I?ioa
oaiie c?inoaiiy aeo?ao ia 1aa iin?ao aoee cia/ii aeueie, i?ae oaiie
i?aeaeuaiiy o?iaeaeiino?, aiane?aeie /iai a ainiiaea?noaao c a?eueo
aenieeie aeo?aoaie i?aeaeuoaaeany nia?aa?o?noue i?iaeoeoe??. sseui
ia?o?e a?oi? ??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino? noaiiaea 109,7%, oi a /aoaa?o?e –
55,3%.
Aeey aecia/aiiy aieeao ??cieoe? a yeino? caiaeue ia ??aaiue
?aioaaaeueiino? ae?iaieoeoaa iaie aoea aeei?enoaia iaoiaeeea ia/eneaiiy
aeeoa?aioe?aeueieo aeioiae?a ca ?iaeth/?noth a?oio?a, ?ic?iaeaia a
Oa?e?anueeiio AeAO. ?ic?aooiee aaee/eie aeeoa?aioe?aeueieo aeioiae?a
cae?eniaii ca ?acoeueoaoaie ainiiaea?thaaiiy a eieaeoeaieo
ainiiaea?noaao Oa?e?anueei? iaeano? a 1997?. A iiaeaeueoiio oaeoe/ii
io?eiaia aaee/eia i?eaooeo (caeoeo) aoea nei?eaiaaia ia ?ici??
aeeoa?aioe?aeueiiai aeioiaeo a caeaaeiino? a?ae ni?aa?aeiioaiiy ioe?iee
ca o?iaeaei?noth i?ia?aeieo eoeueoo? a iaaiiio ?aeii? ? a oe?eiio ii
iaeano?. Ca nei?eaiaaieie iieacieeaie aeioiaeiino? cae?enithaaeeny
?ic?aooiee nei?eaiaaiiai ??aiy ?aioaaaeueiino? ae?iaieoeoaa (oaae.5).
Ni?anoaaeyth/e oaeoe/iee ? nei?eaiaaiee ia aaee/eio aeeoa?aioe?eieo
aeioiae?a ??ai? ?aioaaaeueiino?, iiaeia c?iaeoe aeniiaie: a oeo ?aeiiao,
aea aaee/eia aeeoa?aioe?aeueiiai aeioiaeo iaea a?ae`?iia cia/aiiy (
?aeii iaaeiiaea?aeoaaa /enoiai aeioiaeo /a?ac a?eueo iecueeo
?iaeth/?noue caiaeue), ??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino? ca?eueooaaany, a oai aea
aaee/eia aeeoa?aioe?aeueiiai aeioiaeo iaea iiceoeaia cia/aiiy, ??aaiue
?aioaaaeueiino? cieaeoaaany. Oae o Ci??anueeiio ?aeii? ??aaiue
?aioaaaeueiino? ?ineeiieoeoaa ca?eueoeany, a Aaee?anueeiio oa
Oaa/aie?anueeiio ?aeiiao ??aaiue caeoeiaino? oaa?eiieoeoaa ciaioeany.
Ioaea, eiee ??cieoey a ??aiyo yeino? caiaeue aeinyaa? ?noioieo ?ici???a,
aieea aeeoa?aioe?aeueiiai aeioiaeo ia aaee/eio iieaciee?a aeioiaeiino?
ae?iaieoeoaa noa? aeoaea nooo?aei.
AENIIAEE
1. A ?eieiaiio iaoai?ci? ainiiaea?thaaiiy ?aioaaaeuei?noue ae?iaieoeoaa
a?ae?a?a? i?ia?aeio ?ieue, ine?eueee i?eaooie aeeiio? ooieoe?th
e?iaiiinii? nenoaie aoaeue-yeiai a?ciano. Aac i?eaooeo ia iiaea ?nioaaoe
i? a?cian, i? i?aei?e?iieoeoai. Oiio ?aioaaaeuei?noue ae?iaieoeoaa – oea
ia?o ca ana aaia?aoi? ?eieiai? nenoaie. ?aioaaaeuei?noue ae?iaieoeoaa
aoaea aeeiioaaoe a iiai?e i??? i?eoaiaiio ?e ooieoe?th i?ia?aeii? eaiee
iaoai?cio ainiiaea?thaaiiy i?e oiia? aeinyaiaiiy oaeiai ??aiy, i?e yeiio
oiaa?iae?iaieee aoaeooue io?eioaaoe i?eaooie, ?ici?? yeiai aoaea
aeinoaoi?i aeey cae?eniaiiy iaeiie/aiiy a iaiao?aeieo ?ici??ao ?
noeioethaaiiy an?o o/aniee?a i?ioeano ae?iaieoeoaa.
2. Aeeaiea aeiiii?/ia e?eca oa no??ieee ?icaeoie ?ioeyoe?eieo i?ioean?a
?noioii aieeioee ia ia`?eoeai?noue ioe?iie aeiiii?/iiai noaio
i?aei?e?inoa c aeei?enoaiiyi aa?o?nieo iieaciee?a. Ianaiia?aae o oeeo
oiiaao cia/ii ci?ieeany ?ioi?iaoe?eia ?ii?noue iieacieea
?aioaaaeueiino?. I?aaaea, inoaii? ?iee aoee ?ieaie a?aeiinii?
noaa?eueiino? oe?i, aea aaee/aciee aeenia?eoao oe?i i?ae i?iieneiaith oa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeith i?iaeoeoe??th iaoiiaea caeoeia?noue
ae?iaieoeoaa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? a noni?eueiiio
naeoi?? an?o iaeanoae Oe?a?ie. Caeoeia?noue ae?iaieoeoaa
n?eueainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? ia icia/a?, ui ae?y ?aioaaaeueiino? ye
iaei??? c i?ia?aeieo neeaaeiaeo iaoai?cio ainiiaea?thaaiiy
i?eieiy?oueny. Oaeiai noaiiaeua acaaae? ia iiaea aooe. Ea?aeeiaeueii
ci?ith?oueny ae?y aeaiiai /eiieea a?aeoai?thaaeueiiai i?ioeano. A?i
iaaoaa? cai?ioiiai oa?aeoa?o, c`yaey?oueny ia`?eoeaia iaiao?aei?noue
nei?i/aiiy, a oi ? e?ea?aeaoe?? caeoeiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa – ia?o ca ana
i?iaeoeoe?? oaa?eiieoeoaa.
3. I?e oa?aeoa?enoeoe? ??aiy ?aioaaaeueiino? ae?iaieoeoaa iaiao?aeii
aeei?enoiaoaaoe nenoaio iieaciee?a: iieacieee i?eaooeo ye aeineoue
??ciia?/ii? eaoaai??? oa iieacieee, c yeeie ni?anoaaey?oueny i?eaooie, –
iioi/i? aeo?aoe, iniiai? ? iai?ioi? eiooe, aa?o?nia ioe?iea caie? oa ?i.
Iieacieee ?aioaaaeueiino? ne?ae ia/enethaaoe ca nei?eaiaaiith aaee/eiith
i?eaooeo. Aaaeeeaa cia/aiiy ia? iaoa aecia/aiiy iieaciee?a
?aioaaaeueiino?: aiae?c ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino?, aecia/aiiy oaii?a
?icoe?aiiai a?aeoai?aiiy, oaeineiiaeaiiy nenoaie oe?iiooai?aiiy,
aecia/aiiy o?iainiaiai noaio i?aei?e?inoaa oiui. O n?euenueeiio
ainiiaea?noa? aaeeea cia/aiiy ia? a?aooaaiiy a?ioiai? ioe?iee caie? i?e
aecia/aii? ?aioaaaeueiino? ye anueiai n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai
ae?iaieoeoaa, oae ? ie?aii ?aioaaaeueiino? i?iaeoeoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa oa
oaa?eiieoeoaa. Oea aaaeeeai c iiceoe?e caaacia/aiiy ia?eoaoiino? oe?i,
ii?iaoeaiee ??aaiue yeeo ne?ae aecia/aoe ca noaiith ii?ie i?eaooeo.
4. Iaie aaeaioiaaii aeey n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa iaoiaee/iee
i?aeo?ae, yeee ia?aaeaa/a? ?icaeyae a nenoaiao “ ?aioaaaeuei?noue
i?iaeoeoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa “ ? “?aioaaaeuei?noue i?iaeoeoe??
oaa?eiieoeoaa“ oaeeo eiiiiiaio?a: “ethaeeia“, “i?ioeane“, “na?aaeiaeua“,
“oaoi?ea“, i?ae ae??th yeeo oi?io?oueny ??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino?.
5. I?e ?icaeyae? eiiiiiaioa “i?ioeane” a nenoaiao “?aioaaaeuei?noue
i?iaeoeoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa” oa “?aioaaaeuei?noue i?iaeoeoe??
oaa?eiieoeoaa” iniaeeaa oaaaa iiaeiia i?eae?eyoeny i?iaeai? aieeao
nia?aa?oino? i?iaeoeoe?? ia e?ioeaa? ?acoeueoaoe. I?aeoaa?aeaeaii, ui o
nia?aa?oino? ciaoiaeyoue ae?ac oae? aaaeeea? oaeoi?e, ye ?ici?? aeo?ao
ia iaeei aaeoa? ieiu? (ia iaeio aieiao), o?iaeaei?noue eoeueoo?
(i?iaeoeoeai?noue oaa?ei), i?iaeoeoeai?noue i?aoe? oa ?io? /eiieee. I?e
ca?eueoaii? ianya?a ae?iaieoeoaa aaeiai? i?iaeoeoe?? ia 100 aa
n?eueainioa?aeue ??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino? ca?eueoo?oueny. Iaoiaeii
a?oioaaiue aecia/aii, ui c i?aeaeuaiiyi ??aiy ?ioaineaiino? aeei?enoaiiy
caie? a ainiiaea?noaao nooo?ai i?aeaeuo?oueny i?iaeoeoeai?noue i?aoe?,
c?inoa? oiiaeia?aeaea/a, a a e?ioeaaiio i?aenoieo ? ?aioaaaeuei?noue
ae?iaieoeoaa – a?ae 55,3% o a?oi? c ieae/ei ??aiai ?ioaineaiino?
aeei?enoaiiy caie? aei 109,7% c e?auei ??aiai ?ioaineaiino?.
6. ??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino? i?iaeoeoe?? oaa?eiieoeoaa a ainiiaea?noaao
Oa?e?anueei? iaeano? a 1997 ?. iaa a?ae`?iia cia/aiiy (-55,9%). Cie?aia,
oea iaoiiaeaii ca?eueoaiiyi i?yieo aeo?ao i?aoe?: ia ae?iaieoeoai iieiea
– o 2,5 ?ace i?ioe 1990?., ia ae?iaieoeoai 1oe i?e?inoo A?O – a 3,7
?ace. I?e i?aeaeuaii? i?iaeoeoeaiino? ei??a a na?aaeiueiio ii a?oiao
ainiiaea?noa c 790 aei 1900 ea, nia?aa?o?noue cieceeany a 1,5 ?ace, a
caeoeia?noue – ia 26 ioieo?a. Iiiia?ao?/ia ianoaaeaiiy ainiiaea?noa
Oa?e?anueei? iaeano?, cie?aia ENI “Ci?y” E?aniia?aaenueeiai ?aeiio, aea
?aioaaaeuei?noue oaa?eiieoeoaa noaiiaeoue 0,44% iieacaei, ui oea
aeinyaiooi caaaeyee iaaenie?e nia?aa?oino? i?iaeoeoe??: 1oe iieiea – 23
a?i. 48 eii (oaea?/? iaioa, i?ae a na?aaeiueiio ii ?aeiio), 1oe i?e?inoo
A?O – 130a?i. 75eii (ia 21% iaioa, i?ae a na?aaeiueiio ii ?aeiio).
Aeineoue iecueea nia?aa?o?noue aoea io?eiaia ca ?aooiie aeniei?
i?iaeoeoeaiino? oaa?eiieoeoaa ? iaaenieeo cao?ao ia ae?iaieoeoai ei?i?a.
7. Noai?aiiy oiia aeey ?aioaaaeueiiai aaaeaiiy
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa oeyoii oaeineiiaeaiiy oe?iiaiai,
iiaeaoeiaiai oa o?iainiai-e?aaeeoieo iaoai?ci?a (oaeoi?e ciai?oiueiai
aeiiii?/iiai na?aaeiaeua) i? a ye?e i??? ia aeeeth/a? iaiao?aeiino?
yeiiiaa a?eueo iiaiiai, aoaeoeaiiai aeei?enoaiiy aa?a?iiai ?ano?niiai
iioaioe?aeo oa ?aca?a?a.
8. Iiaeaoee ? aaaeeeaei oaeoi?ii, ui aieeaa? ia i?eaooeia?noue
i?aei?e?inoaa. Aenia?eiaio a Aeiaeinueeiio ?aeii? Iieoaanueei? iaeano?
iieacaa, iane?eueee ?noioii a?ae??ciythoueny ?ici??e iiaeaoe?a ?
ieaoaae?a i?e cai?iaaaeaeaii? nenoaie ?o aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? (a
caeaaeiino? a?ae yeino? caiaeue i?e ?? ioe?ioe? ca ?acoeueoaoaie
aii?ooaaiiy) ? i?e ia?aooaaii? ca i?eeiyoeie ii?iaoeaaie. A?aeoeeaiiy a
na?aaeiueiio neeaee 1,3.
9. A oiiaao oi?ioaaiiy ?eieiaiai iaoai?cio ainiiaea?thaaiiyaaaeeeaei
oaeoi?ii aoaeoeaiino?, ?aioaaaeueiiai aaaeaiiy ae?iaieoeoaa ? cieaeaiiy
nia?aa?oino? i?iaeoeoe?? ? ca?eueoaiiy ?? aeoiaeo ia iniia?
?ioaineo?eaoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa ? ia?o ca ana i?aeaeuaiiy ??aiy
aeei?enoaiiy caie?. Iaoiaeii a?oioaaiue anoaiiaeaii, ui aeiaeaoeia?
aeeaaeaiiy cania?a i?aoe? ia aaeoa? caie? aaaeooue aei ciaioaiiy cao?ao
i?aoe? ia iaeeieoeth caiaeueii? ieiu?. A oeueiio ianaiia?aae ? iieyaa?
aeiiii?/ia aoaeoeai?noue ?ioaineo?eaoe?? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai
ae?iaieoeoaa. Iaeiae a i??o ca?eueoaiiy cao?ao ae?iaieoeoaa ia aaeoa?
iin?ao ca?iiaeo eoeueoo? a ainiiaea?noaao noaiiai? ciie Oa?e?anueei?
iaeano? c?inoa? nia?aa?o?noue, cieaeo?oueny ?aioaaaeuei?noue
ae?iaieoeoaa. Iaa?oue i?aeaeuaiiy oe?ie ia eiiiaino? oeueiai oaeoi?a ?
ye iane?aeie – ?aioaaaeuei?noue ae?iaieoeoaa a a?oi? ainiiaea?noa c
iaea?eueo aenieei ?ici??ii cao?ao nooo?ai cieaeo?oueny a ii??aiyii? c
a?oiith c iaeiaioei ??aiai aeo?ao ia 1aa iin?ao. I?e ca?eueoaii? cao?ao
ia 1aa ca?iiaeo c 189 a?i. aei 380 a?i. nia?aa?o?noue i?aeaeuo?oueny ia
41,5%, a ??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino? cieaeoaaany a 1,4 ?ace. Oiaoi
aeiaeaoeia? aeeaaeaiiy aeei?enoiaoaaeeny iaaoaeoeaii.
10. Aaaeeeaa cia/aiiy o oi?ioaaii? noeoiii? ?aioaaaeueiino?, iie?ioaiiy
caaacia/aiino? oiiaeaie iathoue a?aei?iiino? a ??ai? ?iaeth/ino? caie?.
O ca`yceo c oeei aeioe?eueiei ? i?iaaaeaiiy ?ic?aooie?a ??aiy
?aioaaaeueiino? ae?iaieoeoaa c aeei?enoaiiyi iieacieea i?eaooeo,
nei?aaiaaiiai ia ?ici?? aeeoa?aioe?aeueieo aeioiae?a. Aeey oeeo oe?eae
iiaea aooe aeei?enoaia iaoiaeeea ?ic?iaeaia a OAeAO. Aeeiiai? iaie
?ic?aooiee iieacaee: yeui ??cieoey a ??ai? yeino? caiaeue aeinyaa?
?noioieo ?ici???a, nooi?iue aieeao aeeoa?aioe?aeueiiai aeioiaeo ia
aaee/eio iieaciee?a i?eaooeiaino? ae?iaieoeoaa ? nooo?aei. A
iiaeaeueoiio ia iniia? aeei?enoaiiy aaee/eie aeeoa?aioe?aeueieo
aeioiae?a iiaea cae?enithaaoenue ?o ia?a?iciiae?e a?ae i?aei?e?inoa c
e?aueie oiiaaie ae?iaieoeoaa aei i?aei?e?inoa c a??oeie oiiaaie
ae?iaieoeoaa.
Nienie IAOEIAEO I?AOeUe, iioae?eiaaieo CA oaiith Aeena?oaoe??
1. Eiaaeueiaa O.A. I?i nenoaio iieaciee?a ??aiy ?aioaaaeueiino? //
A?niee OAeAO – 1998.- ?4.- N. 122-126.
2. Eiaae?aa O.A. ?aioaaaeueiinoue eae iieacaoaeue yooaeoeaiinoe
oicyenoaiaaiey // Aecian-eioi?i.- 1998. – ?21-22.- N.103-105.
3. Eiaaeueiaa O.A. Aoaeoeai?noue aeei?enoaiiy caie? oa ?aioaaaeuei?noue
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa //A?niee OAeAO – 1998.- ?3.- N.
122-126.
4. Eiaae?aa O.A. Iiuo aiaae?aiey aaeeiiai naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai
iaeiaa// Aecian-eioi?i.- 1998.-?19.- N.32-36.
5. Eiaaeueiaa O.A., A?n?ae?ia A.?., Nao?iinueea ?.I. I?i oaeineiiaeaiiy
nenoaie iiiaeaoeoaaiiy n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa (ia
i?eeeaae? eieaeoeaieo ainiiaea?noa Oa?e?anueei? iaeano?)//A?niee
OAeAO.-1997.-?1.- N. 75-80.
6. Eiaaeueiaa O.A. ?aioaaaeuei?noue o nenoai? ?eieiaiai iaoai?cio
ainiiaea?thaaiiy (ia i?eeeaae? ainiiaea?noa Oa?e?anueei? iaeano?)//
Aii?inu caieaono?ienoaa e caiaeueiue eaaeano?: Na. iao/. o?. /Oa?uee.
ain. aa?a?. oi-o.- Oa?ueeia, 1996. – N.108-111.
7. Oeyi Ae.A., Neaei?/oe I.E., Eiaae?aa O.A. Ieaoa ca caieth a nenoaia
?aoi?ie?iaaiey ioiioaiee nianoaaiiinoe // Aii?inu caieaono?ienoaa e
caiaeueiue eaaeano?: Na. iao/. o?. /Oa?uee. ain. aa?a?. oi-o.- Oa?ueeia,
1996. – N.119-128.
8. Eiaae?aa O.A. ?aioaaaeueiinoue a nenoaia oicyenoaaiiiai iaoaiecia.
Iao-ee iaoe. eiio./ Oa?e. aea?ae. aa?a?. oi-o ?i. A.A. Aeieo/a?aa. –
Oa?e?a, 1996.- N.29-31.
AIIOAOe??
Eiaaeueiaa O.A. ?aioaaaeuei?noue n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai
ae?iaieoeoaa a ainiiaea?nueeiio iaoai?ci? AIE (ia iaoa??aeao
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa Oa?e?anueei? iaeano?). – ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
aeiiii?/ieo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.07.02 – Aeiiii?ea n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa ? AIE. – Oa?e?anueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao ?i.
A.A. Aeieo/a?aa, Oa?e?a, 1999.
Aeena?oaoe?th i?enay/aii iaa?oiooaaiith noo? oa oi?i i?iyao eaoaai???
?aioaaaeueiino?, ?? ?ie? ? i?noey a ainiiaea?nueeiio iaoai?ci? AIE.
Cai?iiiiiaaii e ai?iaiaaii nenoaio iieaciee?a ?aioaaaeueiino? c
o?aooaaiiyi iiaeo i?aeoiae?a aei aecia/aiiy aeae?a i?eaooeo ? aaee/eie
aaainiaaiiai eai?oaeo. Caa?iooi oaaao ia oaeoi?e, ye? aieeaathoue ia
??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino?, a oaeiae ?icaeyiooi iaoai?cie oi?ioaaiiy
?aioaaaeueiino?. I?iaiae?ciaaii ?aioaaaeuei?noue ae?iaieoeoaa a
ainiiaea?noaao Oa?e?anueei? iaeano?.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: ?aioaaaeuei?noue ae?iaieoeoaa, ii?ia i?eaooeo,
nia?aa?o?noue i?iaeoeoe??, oe?ie ?aae?caoe??, iiaeaoeiaee iaoai?ci,
?ioaineo?eaoe?y n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa, ye?noue
caiaeueieo oa?aeue.
Eiaaeaaa O.A. ?aioaaaeueiinoue naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa a
oicyenoaaiiii iaoaiecia AIE (ia iaoa?eaeao naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo
i?aaei?eyoee Oa?ueeianeie iaeanoe). – ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa yeiiiie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.07.02 – Yeiiiieea naeueneiai oicyenoaa e AIE. –
Oa?ueeianeee ainoaea?noaaiiue aa?a?iue oieaa?neoao ei. A.A. Aeieo/aaaa,
Oa?ueeia, 1999.
Ia iniiaaiee eco/aiey eeoa?aoo?iuo enoi/ieeia ?anniao?eaathony iiiyoea
?aioaaaeueiinoe i?iecaiaenoaa e aa iieacaoaee. A ?uii/iii iaoaiecia
oicyenoaiaaiey ?aioaaaeueiinoue i?iecaiaenoaa ea?aao aaaeouoth ?ieue,
iineieueeo i?eaueue eniieiyao ooieoeeth e?iaaiiniie nenoaiu aeciana. Aac
i?eauee ia iiaoo nouanoaiaaoue ie aecian, ie i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoai.
Iiyoiio ?aioaaaeueiinoue yaeyaony aaia?aoi?ii ?uii/iie nenoaiu.
Iieacaoaee ?aioaaaeueiinoe iaiaoiaeeii ?ann/eouaaoue ii
nei??aeoe?iaaiiie aaee/eia i?eauee.
O/eouaay, /oi i?eaueue i/aiue ?aciinoi?iiiyy eaoaai?ey e a
iianaaeiaaiii oiio?aaeaiee eiaao ?acee/iia niaea?aeaiea, a aaca n
eioi?ie niiinoaaeyaony i?eaueue i?e ?an/aoa iieacaoaeae ?aioaaaeueiinoe,
?ann/eouaaaony ?aciuie niiniaaie, i?aaeeiaeaia nenoaia iieacaoaeae
?aioaaaeueiinoe. I?e eniieueciaaiee iieacaoaeae ?aioaaaeueiinoe
iaiaoiaeeii oi/ii ciaoue oeaeue eo eniieueciaaiey (aiaeec oicyenoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe, oniaa?oainoaiaaiea nenoaiu oeaiiia?aciaaiey,
ii?aaeaeaiea oaiiia ?anoe?aiiiai aini?iecaiaenoaa). E oaeoi?ai aeeythuei
ia aaee/eio iieacaoaeae ioiinyony: naaanoieiinoue i?iaeoeoeee,
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue o?oaea, i?iaeoeoeaiinoue aeeaioiuo, o?iaeaeiinoue
eoeueoo?, oeaiu ?aaeecaoeee e ae?.
I?e aiaeeca ?aioaaaeueiinoe i?iaeoeoeee ?anoaieaaiaenoaa e i?iaeoeoeee
aeeaioiiaiaenoaa i?eiaiai nenoaiii-eiiiiiaioiue aiaeec. A ?acoeueoaoa
auei onoaiiaeaii, /oi nenoaia ninoieo ec neaaeothueo eiiiiiaioia:
“/aeiaae”, “i?ioeannu”, “n?aaea”, “oaoieea”. Aieueoia aieiaiea oaeaeaii
i?iaeaia aeeyiey naaanoieiinoe ia eiia/iua ?acoeueoaou oicyenoaiaaiey.
Iiaeoaa?aeaeaii, /oi a naaanoieiinoe iaoiaeyo au?aaeaiea oaeea
iieacaoaee, eae ?acia? cao?ao ia iaeei aaeoa? ieiuaaee (ia iaeio
aieiao), o?iaeaeiinoue eoeueoo? (i?iaeoeoeaiinoue aeeaioiuo),
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue o?oaea e ae?. A naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo
i?aaei?eyoeyo Oa?ueeianeie iaeanoe neiaeeeanue nouanoaaiiay ?acieoea a
i?eaueueiinoe ?anoaieaaiaenoaa e aeeaioiiaiaenoaa. I?iaeoeoeey
?anoaieaaiaenoaa iiiaea aiaeu auea i?eaueueiie (a 1997a. o?iaaiue
?aioaaaeueiinoe ninoaaee 28,6 %), a i?iaeoeoeey aeeaioiiaiaenoaa –
oauoi/iie. Yoi a eiia/iii n/aoa e iaoneiaeei iauoth oauoi/iinoue
i?iecaiaenoaa. Oaeia ninoiyiea i?ioeai?a/eo o?aaiaaieyi ?uii/iie
yeiiiieee. Iii i?eaiaeeo e nai?a/eaaieth i?iecaiaenoaa i?iaeoeoeee
aeeaioiiaiaenoaa aieaa aunieeie oaiiaie, /ai i?iaeoeoeee
?anoaieaaiaenoaa.
?ane?uou iaoaieciu oi?ie?iaaiey ?aioaaaeueiinoe i?iecaiaenoaa: iaeiaiaue
e oeaiiaie iaoaieciu, eioaineoeeaoeey i?iecaiaenoaa, ea/anoai
caiaeueiuo oaiaeee. Aeey iaania/aiey ia?eoaoiinoe oeai eo ii?iaoeaiue
o?iaaiue iaiaoiaeeii ?ann/eouaaoue ii noaia ii?iu i?eauee n o/aoii
noieiinoe caiee. Aaaaeaiea oeene?iaaiiiai iaeiaa ia caieth oiaiueoeo
?acia? ieaoaaeae a ?an/aoa ia 1aa naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo oaiaeee a
Oa?ueeianeie iaeanoe ia 24 a?i. ?ann/eoai o?iaaiue ?aioaaaeueiinoe,
nei??aeoe?iaaiiue ia ?acia? aeeooa?aioeeaeueiuo aeioiaeia, ia caieyo
?aciiai ea/anoaa.
Iniiaiua iieiaeaiey aeenna?oaoeeiiiie ?aaiou iiaoo auoue eniieueciaaiu
i?e ?ac?aaioea i?aaeeiaeaiee ii ainoaea?noaaiiiio ?aaoee?iaaieth AIE, a
?aaioa i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneeo no?oeoo? e a o/aaiii i?ioeanna a aa?a?iuo
AOCAo.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: ?aioaaaeueiinoue i?iecaiaenoaa, ii?ia i?eauee,
naaanoieiinoue i?iaeoeoeee, oeaiu ?aaeecaoeee, iaeiaiaue iaoaieci,
eioaineoeeaoeey naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa, ea/anoai
caiaeueiuo oaiaeee.
Eovalyova O.V. Profitability of Agricultural Production under
Farming Mechanizm of Agro-Indastrial Complex – AIC (on the materials of
agroindustrial enterprises of Kharkiv District). – Manuscript.
Thesis is presented to complete for the degree of the candidate
of economic sciences, speciality 08.07.02 – Economics of Agriculture
and AIC. – Kharkiv State Agrarian V.V. Dokuchayiv University, Kharkiv,
1999.
The present dissertation of devoted to development of the category
of profitability, its role and place in the agricultural mechanizm of
AIC. The system of approbated indices of profitability is suggested
taking into account new approaches to defining different kinds of
profit and quantity of the capital. Special attention is paid to the
factors influencing the rate of profitability, besides, the mechanizms
of forming up profitability have been investigated. Profitability rate
of production on the Kharkiv District has been analyzed.
Key word: profitability of production, profitability rate, selfcost of
production, prices of realization, tax mechanism, intensification of
agricultural production, quality of agricultural lands.
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