.

Рід Medicago L.(Fabaceae) у флорі України: Автореф. дис… д-ра біол. наук / О.І. Пидюра, Держ. Нікіт. ботан. сад УААН. — Ялта, 1999. — 36 с. — укp.

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AeA?AEAAIEE I?E?ONUeEEE AIOAI?*IEE NAAe

OAAI

Ieaeth?a Ieaenaiae? ?aaiiae/

OAeE 633.31:582 (477)

??Ae MEDICAGO L. (FABACEAE)

O OEI?? OE?A?IE

03.00.05 – aioai?ea

Aaoi?aoa?ao

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

aeieoi?a a?ieia?/ieo iaoe

sseoa – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia a Iaoe?iiaeueiiio aa?a?iiio oi?aa?neoao? Eaa?iaoo
I?i?no??a Oe?a?ie.

Iaoeiaee eiinoeueoaio: aeieoi? a?ieia?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,

*iiee Aieiaeeie? ?aaiiae/,

Ee?anueeee iaoe?iiaeueiee
oi?aa?neoao

?i. Oa?ana Oaa/aiea.

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? a?ieia?/ieo iaoe,

N?eo?a Einei Eineiiae/,

?inoeooo ee?oeiii? a?ieia?? oa
aaiaoe/ii?

?iaeaia??? IAI Oe?a?ie,

aieiaiee iaoeiaee
ni?a?ia?oiee;

aeieoi? a?ieia?/ieo iaoe,
i?ioani?,

Ieoiueia Aaneeue Aai?a??ae/

N?ioa?iiieuenueeee aea?aeaaiee
oi?aa?neoao;

aeieoi? a?ieia?/ieo iaoe,
i?ioani?,

Aieei Ieoaeei Oaaein?eiae/,

Oa?niinueeee aea?aeaaiee
iaaeaaia?/iee ?inoeooo,

caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e aioai?ee.

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: Oeaio?aeueiee aioai?/iee naae IAI Oe?a?ie

?i. I.I. A?eoea, a?aeae?e
i?e?iaeii? oei?e, i. Ee?a.

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “ 6 ” o?aaiy_ 1999 ?. i 10 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae53.369.01 a Aea?aeaaiiio
I?e?onueeiio aioai?/iiio naaeo OAAI ca aae?anith: 334267 Aaoiiiiia
?anioae?ea E?ei, i. sseoa, Aea?aeaaiee I?e?onueeee aioai?/iee naae
OAAI.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? Aea?aeaaiiai
I?e?onueeiai aioai?/iiai naaeo OAAI ca aae?anith: 334267 Aaoiiiiia
?anioae?ea E?ei, i. sseoa, Aea?aeaaiee I?e?onueeee aioai?/iee naae
OAAI.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “ _3_ ” _ea?oiy_1999
?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee

eaiaeeaeao a?ieia?/ieo iaoe
Naaeiao?nueeee N.TH.

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

?icaeoie no/anii? aioai?ee ?aea a iai?yieo aeine?aeaeaiue ? ?ic?iaie
ooiaeaiaioaeueieo i?iaeai an?o ??ai?a i?aai?caoe?? ?ineeiiiai na?oo.
Iaeiei ?c aaaeeeaeo ?? ?icae?e?a ? iiaeeaeaia iiiia?ao?/ia aea/aiiy
ie?aieo oaenii?a, ?o nenoaiaoe/ii? no?oeoo?e, o?eiaaiaoe/ieo ca’yce?a,
aaiethoe??, ioi?iie oa i?aeoe/iiai aeei?enoaiiy.

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. A aeiaaeuei?e i?iaeai? aea/aiiy a?ieia?/iiai
??ciiiai?ooy ae??oaeueia ?ieue iaeaaeeoue nenoaiaoeoe?. No/aniee ??aaiue
aea/aiiy oei?e Oe?a?ie o?nii iia’ycaiee c iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieie
caaaeaiiyie ? iio?aao? aeaoaeueii? e?eoe/ii? ia?iaee aaeeeeo ?iaeei, aei
yeeo iaeaaeaoue aiaia? ? ?iae?a, na?aae yeeo aeae?ey?oueny ??ae Medicago
L. I?aaenoaaieee ?iaeo a?ae?a?athoue aaaeeeao ?ieue a ?ineeiiiio
iie?ea?, iathoue aaeeea ei?iiaa cia/aiiy, ine?eueee ?o /anoea a neeaae?
o?aainoith ianiaeu ? n?iiein?a aeineoue cia/ia.

Iaiao?aeii i?aee?aneeoe, ui aei oaia??oiueiai /ano ia aoei c?iaeaii
caaaeueiiai aiae?co ?iaeo Medicago L. oei?e Oe?a?ie, eiai nenoaiaoeee,
aaia?ao??, o?eiaai??. Inoaiiy iiiia?ao?/ia ia?iaea ?iaeo Medicago L.
oei?e Oe?a?ie aoea i?iaaaeaia iaeaea 50 ?ie?a oiio, o ca’yceo c /ei oe?
a?aeiiino? ii?aeueii ? oaeoe/ii canoa??ee ? ia a?aeiia?aeathoue
no/aniiio ??aith ciaiue.

??ae Medicago L. ia? aaaeeeaa cia/aiiy a nenoaiaoe/iiio,
aioai?ei-aaia?ao?/iiio ? o?eiaaiaoe/iiio a?aeiioaii?. A iueiio
ia?aoiao?oueny 100 aeae?a na?oiai? oei?e, c yeeo 24 iioe?ai? ia
oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie. Iacaaaeath/e ia oea, nenoaiaoeea ?iaeo ?ic?iaeaia
iaaeinoaoiuei, i?noeoue /eiaei noia?a/iinoae ? i?ioeeaaeieo oeoia/aiue
uiaei ianyao ? no?oeoo?e ?iaeo. Oaeei /eiii, ??ae Medicago L. ? iaeiei c
iaeiaio aea/aieo o oei?? Oe?a?ie ?, caaaeath/e ia eiai iaoeiao ?
i?aeoe/io cia/ei?noue, iio?aao? iiaeeaeaiiai ia’?eoeaiiai aiae?co, ui
aaco?oueny ia eiiieaeniiio canoinoaaii? no/anieo iaoiae?a oa
i?aeoiae?a.O?eueee ia oe?e iniia? iiaeeeaa ?ic?iaea eiioeaioe??
aaiaceno, oi?ioaaiiy oeaio??a iioiaeaeaiiy oa no/anii? nenoaie ?iaeo
Medicago L. ye aeaea?aea oe?eani?yiiaaieo iiooe?a oi?i aeey naeaeoe??
iiaeo ei?iiaeo eoeueoo?.

Oai?aoe/ia ? i?aeoe/ia cia/ei?noue ae??oaiiy cacia/aieo i?iaeai
iaoiiaeea aea?? oaie aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe oa ?? aeooaeuei?noue.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeena?oaoe?eia
?iaioa aeeiiaia a ieai? aeieoi?aionueei? i?aeaioiaee ia eaoaae??
aioai?ee Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo, a oaeiae i?e aeeiiaii?
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o eaoaae?e aioai?ee Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo ii oai? “Oai?aoe/ia iaa?oiooaaiiy ? i?iaiicoaaiiy ci?i
?ineeiiino? ? oi?oiaeu aie?o Ee?anueei? iaeano? i?ae aieeaii
ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino? c iaoith ?aoe?iiaeueiiai aeei?enoaiiy
?ineeiieoeueei? ? oi?oiai? ne?iaeie”.

Iaoa ? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue. Iniiaiith iaoith aeine?aeaeaiue aoei,
ia i?aenoaa? anaa?/iiai eiiieaeniiai i?aeoiaeo ?c canoinoaaiiyi
eeane/ieo oa no/anieo iaoiae?a, ?ica’ycaoe i?iaeaie oaeniiii?/ii?
no?oeoo?e oa o?eiaai??, aecia/aiiy nooiaiy aaiethoe?eiiai ?icaeoeo,
aaiaoe/ieo oeaio??a iioiaeaeaiiy ? ia ?o iniia? iae?aneeoe noaio
nenoaie ?iaeo Medicago L. ?acii c oeei aaaeeeaei caaaeaiiyi aoei
a?aeia?aceoe oi?ieia?/i? e aeieia?/i? iniaeeaino? oe?a?inueeeo aeae?a
ethoea?ie ia oii? i?aeeiioeiaioaeueiiai a?aaeo.

A?aeiia?aeii aei iaoe aoee iinoaaeai? oae? caaaeaiiy:

– i?iaiae?coaaoe aeaea?aea ? eiioeaioe?? iaeaieiai?oeo nenoai ? aeaoe
e?eoe/io ioe?ieo ?o a?aeiia?aeiino? no/aniiio ??aith oaeniiii?/ieo ?
o?eiaaiaoe/ieo ciaiue;

– canoinoaaoe iae?iiii?oieia?/iee e?eoa??e aeey ae?aaiinoeee e?eoe/ieo ?
noii?aieo oaenii?a aeaeiaiai ? aioo??oiueiaeaeiaiai ?aiao;

– ?ic?iaeoe iaoiaeeeo aea/aiiy oa c’ynoaaoe ia?niaeoeai?noue
canoinoaaiiy iciae a?eeiaeo oaiioei?a aeey nenoaiaoeee ? o?eiaai??
ea?oeiaeo ?ineei ia i?eeeaae? ?iaeo Medicago L.;

– ?aeiino?othaaoe iiaeaeue nenoaie ?iaeo Medicago L., iiaeaoe eiiniaeo
?iaeo oa iaaanoe oi?ieia?/iee aiae?c eiai i?aaenoaaiee?a;

– neeanoe ea?oe a?aae?a i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeo Medicago L. oei?e Oe??ie c
iaoith aeei?enoaiiy ?o i?e ae??oaii? aeieiai-aaia?ao?/ieo ieoaiue oa
o?eiaai?? iniiaieo aeae?a ?iaeo.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia. A ?acoeueoao? i?iaaaeaieo eiiieaenieo aeine?aeaeaiue
anoaiiaeaii no/aniee oaeniiii?/iee noaoon ?iaeo Medicago L. i Trigonella
L., c’yciaaia iiiaieeaoo?a aeaeiaeo ? aioo??oiueiaeaeiaeo oaenii?a,
neeaaeaiee e?eoe/iee eiiniaeo oei?e oa cai?iiiiiaaia no/ania neioaoe/ia
nenoaia ?iaeo Medicago L. Aia?oa aea/aii oi?io, no?oeoo?o iiaa?oi? oa
ii?oiiao?e/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee ieeeo aeae?a ?iaeo Medicago L. oei?e
Oe?a?ie, iaa?oioiaaii aeioe?euei?noue oa aecia/aii nooi?iue ?o
cia/eiino? ye ae?aaiinoe/ii? iciaee. ?ic?iaeaia i?ea?iaeueia iaoiaeeea,
ui aeicaiey? iaea?aeoaaoe aeaeo?ioi?aoe/i? niaeo?e caianieo a?ee?a
?iaeea?aeoaeueiiai ian?iiy i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeo Medicago L. i Trigonella
L.

Ia?aeaeueii c o?aaeeoe?eieie a aeine?aeaeaii? aeei?enoiaoaaeenue ?
no/ani? iaoiaee, iacaia?a/ieie ia?aaaaaie yeeo ? noaa?euei?noue,
iiaeeea?noue iaeiicia/ii? ?ioa?i?aoaoe?? iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a ?
aaiaoe/ia aeaoa?i?iaoe?y aeei?enoiaoaaieo ia?ea??a, ui i?aeaeuo?
a?aoiaioiaai?noue oa aeinoia??i?noue aeniiae?a ? ocaaaeueiaiue.

Aia?oa aeei?enoaii, ye ae?aaiinoe/i? iciaee, a?eeia? oaiioeie aeey
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? aeacaieo ?iae?a oa ooi/iaiiy oaeniiii?/ii? no?oeoo?e
?iaeo Medicago L. Cai?iiiiiaaii a?io?i?/iee e?eoa??e yeee aeicaiey?
aecia/eoe nooi?iue aaiethoe?eiiai ?icaeoeo ?iaeo Medicago L., c’ynoaaoe
iai?yiee aaiethoe?? aaaaoi??/ieo oa iaeii??/ieo aeae?a. Aia?oa aecia/aii
iai?yiee aaiethoe?? iaeii??/ieo aeae?a.

I?aeoaa?aeaeaia ia?niaeoeai?noue aeayeeo aenia?eiaioaeueieo iaoiae?a
aeey nenoaiaoeee. Aia?oa neeaaeai? e?aieia? ea?oe a?aae?a.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa? a oiio, ui aiie
iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? i?e ?ic?iaoe? i?e?iaeiioi?iiieo i?ia?ai ii
caa?aaeaiith ??aee?nieo aeae?a ?ineei, iie?ioaiith i?e?iaeieo ei?iiaeo
oa?aeue oa i?aeaeuaiith ?o i?iaeoeoeaiino?. E??i oiai, ?ic?iaeaia
iaoiaeeea oa anoaiiaeai? e?eoa??? ? oe?iieie aeey ni?oiai?
?aeaioeo?eaoe?? a nenoai? Aea?aeaaii? eii?n?? ii aei?iaoaaiith oa
ioi?ii? ni?o?a ?ineei ? Aea?aeaaii? ian?iiaai? ?iniaeoe?? Oe?a?ie.

Ea?oe a?aae?a iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? i?e aiae?c? oa aea/aii?
?ineeiieo

?ano?n?a oa aeaeaii? “Atlas florae Europaeae”.

Oai?aoe/i? aeniiaee ? ocaaaeueiaiiy, i?iiiceoe?? ? ?aeiiaiaeaoe??
aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy eyaee a iniiao oa aeei?enoai? a
iaa/aeueieo iin?aieeao, iaoiaee/ieo ?ic?iaeao, oanoao i?ia?aiiaaiiai
iaa/aiiy c aioai?ee aeey nooaeaio?a aa?ia?ieia?/ieo oaeoeueoao?a
Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a iieyaa? a aiae?c? iaoeiai? e?oa?aoo?e,
?ic?iaoe? iaoiaeieia?/iiai i?aeoiaeo ? i?ia?aie aeine?aeaeaiue,
aeeiiaii? aenia?eiaioaeueii? ?iaioe, i?iaaaeaii? a?io?i?/ieo,
a?iiao?e/ieo, iae?iiii?oieia?/ieo aeine?ae?a, oai?aoe/i?e ?ioa?i?aoaoe??
?acoeueoao?a, a nenoaiaoe/i?e ioe?ioe? aeine?aeaeaieo oaenii?a, a
ocaaaeueiaii? aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo c aeei?enoaiiyi iaoiae?a
iaoaiaoe/ii? noaoenoeee, a oi?ioethaaii? iniiaieo iieiaeaiue oa
aeniiae?a aeena?oaoe??, a i?aeoe/iiio ai?iaaaeaeaii? ?acoeueoao?a
aeine?aeaeaiue, i?aeaioiaoe? oa ioi?ieaii? aeena?oaoe??. O ioae?eaoe?yo,
ye? cayaeai? aeey caoenoo aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe, caeiaoaa/ aeeeaa aanue
oaeoe/iee iaoa??ae aeine?aeaeaiue.

Caeiaoaa/ai a aeine?aeaeaii? canoiniaoaaeenue iaoiaee
aano?aeoii-eia?/iee, ?noi?e/iee, iiiia?ao?/iee, iae?iiii?oieia?/iee,
oaiinenoaiaoe/iee, iaoaiaoe/iee oa ?i., ui aeicaieeei iaea?aeaoe
iaoeiai iaa?oioiaai? ? aeinoia??i? ?acoeueoaoe.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iaoa??aee aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe
aoei ii?eethaeiaii ia iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?yo oa can?aeaiiyo a/aii? ?aaee
Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo a 1981-1998 ?ieao; ia
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Iaoeia? ?ic?iaee aa?ii?iieneiaiio
eiiieaeno” (Ieaei? Ai?ioa, 1993 ?.); “Iaoeia? iniiae aaaeaiiy
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa Oe?a?ie a no/anieo oiiaao” (*aaaie, 1994 ?.);
I?aeia?iaeiiio iaoeiai-i?aeoe/iiio nai?ia?? “Aeieia?/i? ? aeiiii?/i?
i?iaeaie canoinoaaiiy cania?a o?i?caoe?? a AIE” (*aaaie, 1997 ?.);
Iaoeiaeo /eoaiiyo, i?enay/aieo 100-??//th a?ae aeiy a?aee?eooy
iiaea?eiiai caie?aeiaiiy o iie?eoiian?iieo ?ineei i?ioani?ii
Oi?aa?neoaoo Nayoiai Aieiaeeie?a Iaaaoeiei N.A. (Ee?a, 1998 ?.); ia
iaoeiaiio nai?ia?? a Aea?aeaaiiio I?e?onueeiio aioai?/iiio naaeo (sseoa,
1999 ?.).

O/anoue caeiaoaa/a o aeeiiaii? iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o eaoaae?e
aioai?ee Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo a?aeia?aaeaia o iaoeiaeo
ca?oao.

Cia/ia /anoeia ?acoeueoao?a iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue ai?iaaaeaeaia a
iaa/aeueiee i?ioean Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo i?e /eoaii?
eo?no aioai?ee oa aaiaioai?ee nooaeaioai aa?ia?ieia?/ieo oaeoeueoao?a o
oi?i? iaa/aeueieo iin?aiee?a, iaoiaee/ieo ?ic?iaie, oano?a
i?ia?aiiaaiiai iaa/aiiy oiui.

Ie?ai? aeniiaee ? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue caeiaoaa/a iaaiai?thaaeenue
o Oeaio?aeuei?e eaai?aoi??? oa ia can?aeaiiyo aenia?oieo ?aae
Aea?aeaaii? eii?n?? Oe?a?ie ii aei?iaoaaiith oa ioi?ii? ni?o?a ?ineei c
iaoith iiaeaeueoiai aeei?enoaiiy a ?iaio?.

Ioae?eaoe??. Ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 33 iaoeia? i?aoe?,
o oiio /ene? iaeiiin?aia iiiia?ao?y, 12 noaoae o iaoeiaeo
aeo?iaeao, 16 – a

ca??ieeao iaoeiaeo i?aoeue, 4 – a iaoa??aeao iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?e.
I?aeaioiaeaii ?oeiien ii ?iaeo Medicago L. aeey “Atlas florae
Europaeae”.

Ianya ? no?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y aeeeaaeaia ia
305 noi??ieao iaoeiiieno, i?noeoue 5 oaaeeoeue ? 140 ?enoie?a. Nienie
aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae aeeth/a? 274 iaeiaioaaiiy.

Nooeoo?a ?iaioe:

Anooi.

?icae?e 1. ?noi??y oaeniiii?/iiai aea/aiiy ?iaeo Medicago L. 1.1.
Aiae?c iaeaieiai?oeo nenoai ?iaeo Medicago L.

?icae?e 2. Ia’?eoe oa iaoiaeeea aeine?aeaeaiue.

?icae?e 3. Iniiai? iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy oaeniiii?? ?iaeo Medicago L.
3.1. Aeei?enoaiiy iciae aoaeiae ea?oee a oaeniiii?? ?iaeo Medicago L. ?
o?eae Trifolieae (Fabaceae). 3.2. Cia/aiiy ian?iiaaeo iciae a oaeniiii??
?iaeo Medicago L. ? ?iciaaeoaaii? eiai c ?iaeii Trigonella L. 3.3.
Aeei?enoaiiy ea?iieia?/ieo iciae a oaeniiii?? ?iaeo Medicago L.

?icae?e 4. Iae?iiii?oieia?/ia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaeo Medicago L. 4.1.
Cia/aiiy iae?iiii?oieia?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue aeey nenoaiaoeee ?iaeo
Medicago L. 4.2. Iae?iiii?oieia?/ia oa?aeoa?enoeea i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeo
Medicago L. oei?e Oe?a?ie.

?icae?e 5. Oaiinenoaiaoe/ia aea/aiiy ?iaeo Medicago L. 5.1. Iniiai?
iai?yiee oaiinenoaiaoe/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue ?iaeo Medicago L. 5.2.
Oaiioaeniiii?/ia aea/aiiy aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ieo niaeo??a caianieo a?ee?a
ian?iiy. 5.3. Iiaeeea? iai?yiee a?io?i?/ii? aaiethoe??.

?icae?e 6. Aaiaoe/i? oeaio?e iioiaeaeaiiy ?iaeo Medicago L. 6.1.
Aaiaoe/i? oeaio?e iioiaeaeaiiy. 6.2. Oeaiioei?/ia oa?aeoa?enoeea
ia?aeiieo ina?aaee?a c?inoaiiy oa oeyoe i?a?aoe?? ?iaeo Medicago L. 6.3.
Aaiethoe?y a?iii?oieia?/ieo no?oeoo? ?iaeo Medicago L.

?icae?e 7. Aeaeiaee neeaae oa nenoaia ?iaeo Medicago L. oei?e Oe?a?ie.
7.1. Eiiniaeo ?iaeo Medicago L. oei?e Oe?a?ie. 7.2. No/ania nenoaia
?iaeo Medicago L.

Aeniiaee.

Nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae.

INIIAIEE CI?NO AeENA?OAOe??

?NOI??ss OAENIIII?*IIAI AEA*AIIss ?IAeO MEDICAGO L.

Aiae?c iaeaieiai?oeo nenoai ?iaeo Medicago L. A aeie?iia?anueeee ia??iae
aaeeeee aeeaae o aea/aiiy ?iaeo c?iaeee Aiaai (Bauhin C., 1620), Ii??nii
(Morison R., 1680), ??a?i?on (Rivinus A., 1691) oa Oo?iaoi? (Tournefort
J., 1700). E?iiae (Linnaeus C., 1735) ae?aaiinooaaa ??ae ca c?aceii M.
radiata ? a?aei?n aei iueiai 21 aeae.

Ia?oa ni?iaa a?eueo aeaoaeueiiai aea/aiiy oa aeae?eaiiy oaenii?a
iaaeaeaeiaiai ??aiy iaeaaeeoue Na?aiaeo (Seringe N., 1825) ? a
iiaeaeueoiio oeth ?iaioo i?iaeiaaeeee oa aeeeaee a nai?o nenoaiao
?aeoaiaao (Reichenbach L., 1832), Aoea? ? Aaioai (Bentham Y., Hooker I.,
1865), O?aai (Urban I., 1873), ye? c?iaeee cia/iee aianie a ?icaeoie
nenoaiaoeee ?iaeo ? noai?eee ?? canaaee aeey ianooiieo aeine?aeiee?a.

Aaaeeeaei aoaiii nenoaiaoe/iiai aea/aiiy ?iaeo ? ?iaioa O?aaia. Aii
cai?iiiioaaa aieueo aaeaeo eeaneo?eaoe?th, iiae eiai iiia?aaeieee. Aei
?iaeo Medicago L. O?aai aiaei?n 46 aeaeia ? iiaeieea eiai ia 2 iiae?iaee
i 10 naeoeie. Iiaeie ia iiae?iaee caeieniaii ia iiaenoaai oaei? iciaee,
ye iayaiinoue aai aiaenooiinoue aieiaeo (caio?aieo) aeeeie ia caaieeao
aiaa. Iath/e aaaaoi iiceoeaieo ?en, nenoaia O?aaia iaaeinoaoiuei
i?aaeeueii aiaeaeaa? oieiaaiaoe/ii ca’ycee iiae naeoeiyie.

Nenoaia I.A. A?innaaeia (1945), ? ?acoeueoaoii aea/aiiy
i?aaenoaaieeia oei?e Na?aaeiuei? oa Ia?aaeiuei? Aci?. A?i ?icaeieea ??ae
ia 4 iiae?iaee, 7 naeoeie oa 8 ?yaeia eoaee aiaeiin 36 aeaeia. Oaeei
/eiii, ia aiaeiiio aiae O?aaia, I.A. A?innaaei iiaeiineoue naeoei?
Lupularia Grossh., Falcago Grossh. i Orbicularis Grossh. a ?aia
iiae?iaeo i, e?ii oiai, aeaeiey? ua iaeei iiae?iae – Spirocarpos
(Ser.) Grossh. A oie aea /an, ye i a O?aaia aeaeiey?oueny naeoeiy
Euspirocarpae. Aaiaeeoueny iiaa naeoeiy Lanigera B. Fedtsch., yei? ia
aoei a nenoaii O?aaia. Oaei aeaee, ye M. cretacea, M. platycarpa, M.
ruthenica, M. popovii i M. radiata I.A. A?innaaei aiaeiin aei ?iaeo
Trigonella L. Aeaeieaiiy iiae?iaeo Lupularia i?aaeeueii iiaee?aneth?
eiai aiaeie?aieaiinoue ye ? i?ae?iaeo Orbicularis. Iiae?iae Falcago
aeoaea i?e?iaeiie i ia’?aeio? iaeaea ani aaaaoi?i/ii aeaee ethoea?ie.

Aeecueeo aei I.A. A?innaaeia, aea aieueo ni?iuaio nenoaio ?iaeo
Medicago L., iaaiaeeoue ?.I. Neinueea (1950). Ia iaoo aeoieo, iaeiei ?c
nooo?aeo iaaeieieia oei?? nenoaie ? oa, ui i?e aecia/aiii aeiaaiinoe/ieo
e?eoa?i?a ae??oaeueio ?ieue a?ae?a?aaaee iciaee ainiiaea?nueei?
oeiiiinoi. Ca nenoaiith ?.I. Neinueei? ?iae ethoea?ia ia?aoiao? 30
aeaeia. Ic ieo 18 aaaaoi?i/ieo i 12 iaeii?i/ieo. A nai?o iiciioeo
?iaioao (1959) aiia iaaiaeeoue ua 4 aaaaoi?i/ieo aeaee: M. borealis
Grossh., M. romanica Prod., M. glandulosa (Mert. et Koch) David, M.
quasifalcata Sinsk.

Cia/iee aianie a ?icaeoie oaeniiiii? ?iaeo Medicago L. c?iaeaii ?.O.
Aaneeue/aieii (1949, 1953, 1979, 1987). A iniiao nenoaiaoeee
aaaaoi?i/ieo aeaeia iieeaaeaii oieiaaiaoe/iee i?eioeei, caiaeii yeiai ?
cae?enithaaany iiae?e ia naeoe??. Eouiao ethoea?io aii aiaeiin aei
aeaeieaii? iei iiciioa naeoei? Dendrotelis Vass. ?iaeo Trigonella L. O
nai?e nenoaii ?.O. Aaneeue/aiei a naeoei? Falcago Reichenb. emend.
Boiss. aeaeiey? 12 ?yaeia, 53 aeaee (7 c yeeo aiaeiineoue aei
eoeueoo?ii? aai iiniaii? ethoea?ie), 9 iiaeaeaeia i 51 ?iciiaeaeiinoue.
C ieo 4 aeaee: M. tadzicorum Vass., M. alatavica Vass., M.
kultiassovii Vass. i M. lavrenkoi Vass., 2 iiaeaeaee: M. falcata L. ssp.
glareosa Vass. i M. falcata L. ssp. ?inetorum Vass., a oaeiae 23
?iciiaeaeiinoi iienaii aia?oa. Ioaea, ooo niinoa?iaa?oueny iiaeaeueoa
ae?iaeiiiy, yea aeanoeaa i aeey iioeo nenoai.

Noiae? i?aeoiaee aeei?enoiaoaaee o nai?o nenoaiao I.A. Eoeueo?ania
(1967), I.O. Oanaiia (1971), Ooo?i (Tutin T., 1968). Nenoaia Oaei (Heyn
N., 1963) i?enay/aia eeaneo?eaoe?? iaeii??/ieo aeae?a, ye? aiia
ca?oioaaea a naeoe?? Spirocarpos. I.I. AEoeianueeee (1964), I.A.
Eoaaiaoeue (1972), oa E. Ean?in ? ?. Ean?in (Lesins K., Lesins I., 1979)
aeei?enoaee aeey nenoaiaoeee ?iaeo iei?aei?noue oa ?io?
oeeoiea??ieia?/i? iciaee.

Aei iia?oi?o oa iaea?eueo iiaieo nenoai ?iaeo Medicago L. iaeaaeeoue
nenoaia Niieea (Small E., 1989). I?e oeueiio a?i aeei?enoaa a?eueoa 3000
aa?aa?ieo c?ace?a aeae?a c?a?aieo a i?e?iaeieo oiiaao oa a?eueoa 2000
c?ace?a ae?iuaieo o eoeueoo??. Aeaii i?i o?iiiniiii /enea aoee acyoi c
?iaioe E. Eaniin ? ?. Eaniin (Lesins K., Lesins I., 1979). Aeey
ii?oieiai/iiai i oaeniiiii/iiai aiaeico aoei aeei?enoaii 75 ??cieo
iciae, aieiaiei /eiii aaaaoaoeaieo i?aaiia aeineiaeaeoaaieo aeaeia. Ia
i?aenoaa? iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a, a oaeiae aeiaeaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue
Niiee cae?eniea oaeniiii?/i? eiia?iaoe?? ??ciiai ??aiy, ye? caiaeii
aeeeaa o oe?e?nio nenoaio ?iaeo Medicago L. na?oiai? oei?e, a
oaeniiii?/i?e no?oeoo?? yeiai aeae?eaii 12 naeoe?e, 8 i?aenaeoe?e, 85
aeae?a, 10 i?aeaeae?a oa 2 ??ciiaeaeiino?. I?e oeueiio Niiee oa ii.
c?iaeee oaei iniiaii oaeniiiii/ii eiiaiiaoei?: iiiioeii/iee ?iae
Factorovskya aoei aeeth/aii aei Medicago L. ye M. hypogaea Small E.; M.
sativa L. o?aeooaaee ye oaeo, ui neeaaea?oueny ic 5 iiaeaeaeia; 23
aeaee ic Trigonella ia?aianaii aei Medicago; aeae?eaii iiaee aeae M.
strasseri Greuter, Matthas end Risse; oa ?ioa.

Ioaea, iiaeeaeai? oaeniiii?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?ecaaee aei ca?eueoaiiy
ia’?io ?iaeo, oneeaaeiaiiy eiai aioo??oiuei?iaeiai? oa
aioo??oiueiaeaeiai? no?oeoo?e oa aeayei? iaocaiaeaeaiiino? ?
ianoi?niino? oeeo oaenii?a. Iaie neeaaeaii oaaeeoeth iaea?eueo aaeeaaieo
iniiaieo oaenii?a oa ?o neiii?i?a ?iaeo Medicago L., yea ia?aoiao?
aeecueei 200 oaenii?a.

O o?ea? Trifoliae iaea?eueoo aaiaoe/io nii??aeiai?noue iathoue ?iaee
Medicago L., Trigonella L. i Melilotus Mill. Oiio nenoaiaoe/ia
i?iaeaiaoeea Medicago L. aeeth/a? a naaa ye aioo??oiueiaeaeiao
?aeaioeo?eaoe?th, oae ? i?iaeaio ?iciaaeoaaiiy eiai c aaiaoe/ii
aeecueeeie ?iaeaie.

IA’?EOE OA IAOIAeEEA AeINE?AeAEAIUe.

A oiae? i?iaaaeaiiy aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue aoee aeei?enoai?
c?acee ?ineei, ieeeo oa ian?iiy ??cieo aeae?a ?iae?a Medicago L. oa
Trigonella L., iaea?aeaieo a ?acoeueoao? aeanieo cai??a, a oaeiae oeo,
ui caa??aathoueny a aa?aa??yo ?inoeoooo aioai?ee ?i. I.A. Oieiaeiiai oa
Aeiiaoeueeiai aioai?/iiai naaeo IAI Oe?a?ie, Aea?aeaaiai I?e?onueeiai
aioai?/iiai naaeo OAAI oa iaea?aeaieo ia iao caieo c Ana?in?enueeiai
?inoeoooo ?ineeiieoeoaa (?in?y), ?inoeoooo aeine?aeaeaiue oa ?icaeoeo
(Aano?ae?y), Iaoe?iiaeueii? eaai?aoi??? ii aea/aiith aaiaoe/iiai
iaoa??aeo (NOA).

Aea/aiiy ii?oiiao?e/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee ieeeo i?iaiaeeee ca aeiiiiiaith
neaioth/iai aeaeo?iiiiai i?e?ineiia (NAI) JSM–35–C, ui aeicaieeei
iaea?aeaoue o?ei??ia ia’?iia cia?aaeaiiy ieeeiaeo ca?ai ? ie?aieo
aeaiaio?a iiaa?oi? nii?iaea?ie c aaeeeith ?icae?eyth/ith caeaoi?noth.
I?aeaioiaeo c?ace?a i?iaiaeeee ca iaoiaeeeith A?aeoiaia (Erdtman G.,
1960), ui aoea aaeineiiaeaia A.Ae. Naaeoeueeei (1982). I?e oeueiio,
ieeie a?aeae?aany ?c ia?ice?eoeo ea?oie c oe?eeii noi?iiaaieo ieeye?a.
I?aeaioiaeai? c?acee aea/aee oa oioia?aooaaee i?e ca?eueoai? a?ae 1500
aei 7800 oa i?enei?thth/ith iai?oaith 15 eA. Ii?oiiao?e/i? ia?aiao?e
iaea?aeai? ia iniia? aei??o ia iaio 20 ieeeiaeo ca?ai c eiaeiiai
i?aia?aoo oa noaoenoe/ii ia?iaeai? ca caaaeueiii?eeiyoith iaoiaeeeith
(Oa?aioueaa I.A., ?inoiaa I.N., 1977). Aeey aea/aiiy niaeo?o caianieo
a?ee?a ian?iiy i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeo Medicago L. i Trigonella L.
i?iaiaeeee ?o o?aeoe?iioaaiiy a iie?ae?eeai?aeiiio aae? (IAAA). A
na??? iiia?aaei?o aeine?ae?a aoee anoaiiaeai? iioeiaeuei? oiiae
aeno?aeoe?? oa aeaeo?ioi?aoe/iiai iiae?eo a?ee?a, a naia: neeaae ?ic/eio
aeey aeno?aeoe?? oa oiiae i?aoi?aoe/ii? aeaiaoo?aoe?? a?ee?a,
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy ae?eeai?aeo ? iao?eaia?nae?eeai?aeo, neeaae eaoae?caoi?a
aeey iie?ia??caoe?? oiui. sse aeo?aei? aeaeo?ioi?aoe/i? nenoaie aoei
aeei?enoaii nenoaie iaaaaeai? O.I. Iiia?aeath aeey aea/aiiy caianieo
a?ee?a ioaieoe?, eoeo?oaece oa niiyoieeo (1989, 1991, 1996). O
?acoeueoao? i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue aoea ?ic?iaeaia aeni?an-iaoiaeeea
iiae?eo caianieo a?ee?a ian?iiy i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeo Medicago L. i
Trigonella L. (Ieaeth?a I.?., Iiia?aey O.I., 1998). Iaea?aeai? aeai?
aeei?enoiaoaaee aeey aecia/aiiy aaiaoe/ieo a?aenoaiae i?ae ??cieie
aeaeaie oa ?o eeanoa?iiai aiae?co canoiniaoth/e aeai?eoie Iay oa E? (Nei
M., Li W.-H., 1979), Aeaeaeea?aea oa i?inoiai ia?oaaiiy (Sneath P.,
Socal R, 1973), i?ia?aio “TREES” (Eaeaiaea?ue ?.I., 1994; Neaieai TH.I.,
1998). I?e noai?aii? oaee?a a?aenooi?noue o?aeoe?? ia iaaiiio ??ai?
iicia/aee ye “0”, a ca iayaiino?, caeaaeii a?ae ?ioaineaiino?, ye “1”
aai “2”.

I?e ea?ooaaii? a?aae?a aoei aeei?enoaii n?o/anoee iaoiae A?aiaei?oa?a
oa Oaiiaia (Ehrendorfer F., Hamman U., 1965) oa eiai iiaeeo?eaoe??
(1986). Ea?oia?ao?/iith iniiaith ? iaia Oe?a?ie c i??eeii 1:1 000 000.
Any oa?eoi??y aoea ?icaeoa o a?aeiia?aei?noth c a?aaeoniith n?oeith ia
77 a?aaeonieo iie?a, eiaeia a?aaeonia iiea ?icae?eaia ia 60
i?yiieooiee?a c? noi?iiaie 10,6 oa 11,2 ei. Eiaeai a?aaeon ii ia?aeae?
aoei ?icae?eaii ia 6 ??aieo a?ae??ce?a, a ii ia?eae?aio – ia 10.
I?aeaioiaeaiaia oaeei /eiii iniiaa aoea ciaioaia aei i??eea 1:4 000 000.

INIIAII IAOIAeE AeINE?AeAEAIIss OAENIIIII?

?IAeO MEDICAGO L.

Aeei?enoaiiy iciae aoaeiae ea?oee a oaeniiiii? ?iaeo Medicago L. i
o?eae Trifolieae (Fabaceae). Aei o?eae Trifolieae iaeaaeaoue ?iaee
Medicago L., Melilotus Mill., Ononis L., Trifolieae L., Trigonella L.
oa aeayei iioi, aeaeieaiiy yeeo ia ? aacnoiiiaiei. Iaeaieueoo
aaiaoe/io oa ii?oieiaiaiieiai/io nii?iaeiaiinoue na?aae ieo iathoue
i?aaenoaaieee ?iaeia Medicago L., Trigonella L. oa Melilotus Mill.
Nenoaiaoeea oeeo ?iaeia neeaaeia i iaeii?th c iaeaieiaiioeo ? i?iaeaia
?o ?iciaaeoaaiiy. Aeey ?? ?ica’ycaiiy aeei?enoiaothoue oe?eee ?yae
iciae. Iaeaieueo aaeeaaieie na?aae ieo ? ie?aii iciaee aoaeiae ea?oee
aai ?o eiiieaen. Aeaoaeueae (Alefeld F., 1859) ia iiaenoaai aea/aiiy
aoaeiae ea?oee iaiaaeaii? eieueeinoi aeaeia o?eae Trifolieae aia?oa
aeacaa ia iayaiinoue o?eiiiaiaiai iaoaiicio o Medicago L. Eiio oaeiae
iaeaaeeoue oa?iii “iaaeieaai?aeii Trigonella”.

Eioo (Knuth P., 1908) aea/ath/e ?iciiiaiioii nenoaie iaoaiiciia
aoaeoeaiiai caieeaiiy c’ynoaaa, ui aeey aieueoinoi Trigonella,
Melilotus i Trifolium oa?aeoa?iee “nooeeiaee” (aai eeaiaiiee) iaoaiici.
Oe/eiee i iaoi/ea o ieo aenooiathoue ic /iaieea oae aeiaai, neieueee
o?eaa? aieea caieethaa/a. Iioii aiie iiaa?oathoueny a iiia?aaei?
iieiaeaiiy i noai?ththoue oiiae aeey iiaoi?iiai caieeaiiy. Aeey Medicago
i iaaeieaai?aeieo Trigonella i?eoaiaiiee “aeooiaooth/ee” aai
“no??eyth/ee” iaoai?ci, a iniia? yeiai eaaeeoue o?ei?ia. Iaoaiici
caieeaiiy i?e o?eiiiao o eaioao yei “no?ieythoue” oieueee iaeei ?ac
aieueo neeaaeiee i iiaea aooe i?iiethno?iaaiee ia i?eeeaaei M. sativa L.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy Oe?y?aa (Sirjaev G., 1928-1934) c oeueiai ieoaiiy
iieacaee, ui ai/i? iaethnoee o iaaeieaai?aeiiio aiii/eo niieo/aii ca
oeiii coa/eeia ye o ethoea?ie iiniaii?. O i?inoiio aiii/eo ai/i?
iaethnoee ia niieo/aii iiae niaith, oi/a iiiaei i iathoue aenooie.
I?aaenoaaieee ?iaeo Trigonella L. iathoue iaeaeaa oeie aiii/eia, a
aeey ?iaeo Medicago L. oa?aeoa?ia iayaiinoue oieueee iaaeieaai?aeiiai
oeio. Iaeiae, Oe?y?a ia ciia aeyaeoe aeiaeii? oei?aeueii? iciaee, yea a
aeaea iiaeeea?noue ?icaeieeoe Medicago L. i Trigonella L. i, iaaooue,
oiio i?eeoia aei aeoiee i?i oa, ui oei iaeaeaa ?iaee aeieeee a
?acoeueoaoi aeeaa?aaioei? ae?aaiueiai ?iaeo, yeee aii iacaaa
“Pro-Trigonella-Medicago”.

Iaeii?th c iciae, yeo aeei?enoaa i?e ?iciaaeoaaiiy ?iaeia Medicago L.
i Trigonella L. ?.O. Aaneeue/aiei (1949, 1953, 1987) ? aoaeiaa oa
no?oeoo?a nooeaioue. Aaoi (Baum B., 1968) anoaiiaea, ui a aiae?ioea?
Medicago, eiee oe/eieiaa eieiiea aiaee?eoa i iioeiaeaeaia, oe/eieiai
ieoee aeoiaeyoue ic eoiieiiiaeiaiiai aai i?eooieaiiai eii/eea eieiiee.
E??i oiai, ?aoaeueii aeineiaeaeaiiy iaaeieaai?aeiiai aiae?ioeath
Trigonella L. i Medicago L. iieacaee, ui inio? aeaa eiai aa?iaioe. O
ia?oiio aa?iaioi oe/eieiai ieoee ii anie aeiaaeeii iathoue iaeiaeiao
oe?eio, a a ae?oaiio aiie ?icoe?ththoueny aiey iniiae. Ia oa?aeoa?ii
iciaee oe/eieiai? ieoee o Medicago aeacoaaa i I.A. A?innaaei (1945).
I?ae?anii aiaoiii/ii aeineiaeaeaiiy Ea?eii i A?aoiaii (Larkin R.,
Graumann H., 1981) aeiaaee, ui o oe/eieiai? eieiiee Medicago ? 3
oeaio?aeueieo i?iaiaeieo io/ee, yei ooai?ththoue aeineoue oe?iei
iioiauaiiy c eiaeiiai aieo, a o Trigonella, ye c iaaeieaai?aeiei, oae i
c i?inoei oeiii aiae?ioeath oaeeo iioiauaiue iaia?. Oei iioiauaiiy,
aacia?a/ii, aiaeia?athoue aaaeeeao ?ieue o caeieniaiii o?eiiiaiaiai
iaoaiicio. Cia/ia oaaaa aoea i?eae?eaia ? aea/aiith iniaeeainoae aoaeiae
i?eeii/ee iaoi/ee oa iiaeeeaino? canoinoaaiiy ?o ye oaeniiii?/ii? iciaee
a iaaeao o?eae Trifolieae (Heslop-Harrison Y., 1981; Small E. et all,
1981, 1983, 1984). Oea aeine?aeaeaiiy aeicaieeee c’ynoaaoe, ui oey
iciaea iiaea aooe aeei?enoaia i?e ?iciaaeoaaii? Medicago L. c
aieueo?noth aeae?a Trigonella L. ? iaaeioe?euei?noue ?? canoinoaaiiy i?e
?iciaaeoaaii? Medicago c iaaeieaai?aeieie Trigonella L., a oaeiae iioeie
?iaeaie o?eae Trifolieae.

Cia/aiiy ianiiiaaeo iciae a oaeniiiii? ?iaeo Medicago L. i
?iciaaeoaaiiy eiai c ?iaeii Trigonella L. Aea/ath/e aoaeiao ian?iiy
Trigonella L. i Medicago L. O?aai (Urban I., 1873) anoaiiaea, ui o
aeayeeo i?aaenoaaieeia o?eae Trifolieae, o oiio /enei i ?iaeo
Trigonella L., nii’yaeie? aiaeiaaeiaothoueny aiae /a?aoea niieo/ath/enue
c inoaiiii ca aeiiiiiaith iniaeeaiai iioiauaiiai c/eaioaaiiy
(cotyledones articulatae). O aeaeia ?iaeo Medicago L. aiie iinooiiai
caoaeothoueny i ia?aoiaeyoue a cotyledones non articulatae.
Aeei?enoiaoth/e oeth iciaeo ye aieiaio a?i iiaoaeoaaa naith
i?eaiiaeueio i aeineoue eiai/io nenoaio ?iaeo Medicago L.. Oaei
(Heyn C., 1963), a oaeiae E. Eaniin i ?. Eaniin (Lesins K., Lesins I.,
1979) noaa?aeaeothoue, ui iciaee nii’yaeieae ? iaaeinoaoiii e?eoa?i?i
aeey ?iciaaeoaaiiy, oiio ui c eiai aeiiiiiaith aei Medicago L.
aiaeiinyoue aeaee, yei aac noiiiao iaeaaeaoue aei Trigonella L..
?acoeueoaoe aea/aiiy ae?aaiinoe/iiai cia/aiiy iniaeeainoae
ii?oieiai/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee i aiaoiii/ii? aoaeiae ianiiiaai? oei?ee
nii?iaeiaieo ?iaeia o?eae Trifolieae aeey oaeniiiii/ieo oeieae aeeeaee
a nai?e ?iaioi Niiee, A?oen i Eannai (Small E., Brookes B., Lassen P.,
1990). Aiie c’ynoaaee, ui ii?oieiaiy ianiiiy ia? iaiaaeaia aeiaaiinoe/ia
cia/aiiy, oiio ui aeey oe??? a?oie oa?aeoa?ia aaoa?inia?iiy. Iniaeeai
oa?aeoa?ia aiia aeey iaeii?i/ieo aeaeia. Aea/aiiy iciae ieiaeia i
ianiiiy aeaeia Medicago L. i Trigonella L. iieacaei, ui aeey
?iciaaeoaaiiy oaeniiia ?iaeiaiai i iiae?iaeiaiai ?aiao iaeaieueo
oeiiiith iciaeith ? no?oeoo?a aecioanoe. Oey iciaea ia? iaeiaioa
aaeaioeaia cia/aiiy aeey iaeiianiiieo ia?ice?eaieo ieiaeia. E?ii oiai,
iciaeith, ui aiaeia?a? ?ieue i?e ?iciaaeoaaiii oaeeo oaeniiia ? oa?aeoa?
ia?aaiaioiiai oa?o, iniaeeai i?i?ioaoeiy eiai aieieii. Aeyaeaii oaeiae
aiaeiiie o oi?ioaaiii ianiiiaai? oei?ee. O aeae?a ?iaeo Medicago L.
aioo??oi?e ?ioaaoiaio iaioeueoeie?eaoiee, a o iaeii??/ieo aeae?a
Trigonella L. – ioeueoeie?eaoiee. E?eoe/iee aiae?c aea/aiiy ian?iiaaeo
iciae iieacaa iaaeioe?euei?noue ?o aeei?enoaiiy ye oi?aa?naeueii?
ae?aaiinoe/ii? iciaee i?e ?iciaaeoaaii? ?iae?a Medicago L. i Trigonella
L. Iaeiae aoei aeyaeaii, ui anoia?a/ eeane/iei oyaeaiiyi o aaaaoueio
i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeeie Fabaceae, a oiio /ene? ? i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeo
Medicago L., ian?iiy ia? aiaeinia?i (Iiiiia?aiei N.O., 1985).

Aeei?enoaiiy ea?iieiai/ieo iciae a oaeniiiii? ?iaeo Medicago L.
Iaeii?th c a?oi ii?oieiai/ieo iciae, yei Eiiiae (Linnaeus C., 1753)
aeei?enoaa i?e aeaeieaiii ?iaeo Medicago L. aoee iniaeeainoi aoaeiae
ieiaea. Aiaeiai/ii iciaee aeei?enoiaoaaa i Na?aiae (Seringe N., 1825).
Aeaui iiciioa aoei c?iaeaii ni?iae ?iciaaeoaaiiy aaiaoe/ii aeecueeeo
?iaeia o?eae Orifolieae, ianaiia?aae Midicago L. i Trigonella L.,
aeei?enoiaoth/e aeeeth/ii aai ia?aaaaeii iniaeeainoi aoaeiae ieiaea.
Neiae caoaaaeeoe, ui oei iaiaaaiiy ia aeaee iiaeeeainoi iaeiicia/ii
?iciaaeoaaoe Medicago L. i Trigonella L. i ye ianeiaeie oeueiai aeieeea
oaiaeaioeiy aeaeieaiiy i?iiiaeieo ?iaeia ca oi?iith ieiaeia. ?aeoaiaao
(Reichenbach L., 1832), iai?eeeaae, aeacoaaa, ui aiae Trigonella
caaaeaee iathoue iinee, aea iaia? aeiaeii? ii?oieiai/ii? iciaee
niaoeeoi/ii? aeey Trigonella. sse aeiaaiinoe/ii e?eoa?i? i?e
?iciaaeoaaiii ?iaeia Medicago L. i Trigonella L. O?aoooaooa?
(Trautvetter E., 1841) aeei?enoiaoaaa oaei iciaee ieiaeia, ye
eieueeinoue ianiiiy, iayaiinoue aai aiaenooiinoue ioeaioeie ia
iiaa?oii ieiaea, a oaeiae ?ice?eaa?oueny aii /e ii. A ?acoeueoaoi
aeineiaeaeaiue O?aoooaooa?a ?iae Medicago L. caieueoea naie ia’?i. A?i
noeeyany aei aeoiee i?i ia’?aeiaiiy onio noii?aieo aeae?a a iaeei
caaaeueiee ?iae. Aaioai ? Aoea? (Bentham Y., Hooker I., 1865)
aiaeeeaeaee ni?iae ooai?eoe i?iiiaeiee ?iae iiae Medicago L. i
Trigonella L. ia i?aenoaa? oeeo e?eoa???a. Ooeueoe (Schulz O., 1901)
cai?iiiioaaa aeei?enoiaoaaoe i?e ?iciaaeoaaiii nii?iaeiaieo ?iaeia oaeo
iciaeo, ye iieiaeaiiy ianiieie a ieiaei. Iiae?ai? e?eoa??? i?iiiioaaa
canoiniaoaaoe ? Aea (Eig A., 1927). Ia aeoieo Oaei (Heyn C., 1968)
?aeaioeo?eaoe?y Medicago L. o?eueee ca iciaeaie ieiaea ? iaiiaeeeaith.
Niiee i A?oen (Small E., Brookes B., 1982, 1984, 1987) i?iaiae?coaaaoe
iniaeeaino? aoaeiae ieiaea Medicago L. i Trigonella L. aeacothoue, ui
oe? iciaee ? aaiethoe?eii eaa?eueieie, i?i ui naiae/eoue iayaiinoue o
M. sativa L. oi?i ?c nii?aeueieie oa ianii?aeueieie ieiaeaie, /anoi
iathoue aaeaioeaia cia/aiiy, iai?eeeaae ye caoeno i?ioe aeayeeo eiiao ?
ia iathoue oi?aa?naeueiiai cia/aiiy ye oaeniiii?/iee e?eoa??e. Oaeei
/eiii, iaiaaaiiy aecia/eoe oaeniiii?/io no?oeoo?o ?iaeo Medicago L. oa
?iciaaeoaaiiy eiai c aaiaoe/ii aeecueeeie ?iaeaie ia iiaenoaai
ii?oieiai/ieo iciae ia iaee iaeiicia/ieo ?acoeueoao?a i , ye aeaco?
Aaoi (Baum B., 1968), i?ecaiaeeee aei oaeeo ianeiaeeia: 1) ciaioaiiy
Trigonella L. i caieueoaiiy Medicago L. i, aiaeiiaiaeii, aeeth/aiiy
aieueoinoi i?iiiaeieo aeaeia a inoaiiie ?iae; 2) ciaioaiiy Medicago L. i
aeeth/aiiy anio i?iiiaeieo aeaeia aei ?iaeo Trigonella L.; 3)
noai?aiiy i?iiiaeieo ?iaeia Pocockia, Factorovskya i aeeth/aiiy aei
ieo aieueoinoi nii?ieo aeaeia. Ioaea, aiaeic iaoiaeia oa iiaeoiaeia, yei
aeei?enoiaothoueny aeey aecia/aiiy oaeniiiii/ii? no?oeoo?e ?iaeo
Medicago L. oa ?iciaaeoaaiiy eiai c aaiaoe/ii aeecueeeie ?iaeaie
aeaco? ia iaiaoiaeiinoue iiooeo oa aeei?enoaiiy iiaeo e?eoa?i?a.

IAEIIIII?OIEIAI*IA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAeO MEDICAGO L.

Cia/aiiy iaeiiieiai/ieo aeineiaeaeaiue aeey nenoaiaoeee ?iaeo Medicago
L. Aiae?c noaio iae?iiii?oieia?/iiai aea/aiy i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeo
Medicago L. aeaco? ia aaaeeea?noue oa ia?niaeoeai?noue aeaiiai iai?yieo
aeine?aeaeaiue aeey nenoaiaoeee. A iayaieo ?iaioao aeeeaaeaii iaoa??aee
aea/aiiy oa?aeoa?enoee ieeeo aeaiiai ?iaeo, a oaeiae aeecueeeo ?iae?a
o?eae Trifolieae oa iiaeeeaino? ?o aeei?enoaiiy ye oaeniiii?/iiai
e?eoa??th. Io?eiaii ?acoeueoaoe, ui naiae/aoue i?i cia/io
aa?iaaaeuei?noue ii?oieiai/ieo iciae ieeeo a iaaeao oe??? a?oie.
Aeineoue /?oei aeyaeaia oey aeanoeainoue o aaaaoi?i/ieo aeaeia, ui
ooai?ththoue naeoeith Falcago ?iaeo Medicago L. Aieueoinoue oeeo aeaeia
? aooe?inieie i aaaaoi c ieo iioaineaii aia?eaeecothoue iaeei c
iaeiei (Heyn C., 1963; Lesins K., Lesins I.., 1979). Aaoa?iaaiiinoue
ieeeo oei?? a?oie iia’ycaia, eiiai?ii, c aaoa?iceaioiinoth ?o aaiaoe/ii?
nenoaie. Aea, iacaaaeath/e ia oea, iiae ie?aieie aeaeaie Medicago L.
aoei aeyaeaii aiaeiiie ye? iinyoue caeiiii??iee oa?aeoa?. E?ii oiai,
aiie aiae?iciyeenue ca ieeeii ? a?ae iioeo aeineiaeaeoaaieo ?iaeia,
cie?aia Trigonella L. i Melilotus Mill. Iaaiaee, M. arborea, yeo
aiaeiineee aei iiiioei?/iiai ?iaeo Rhodusia ia aiae?iciyeanue aiae
Medicago L. Iiiioeii/iee ?iae Factorovskya, yeee /anoi aeeth/athoue aei
Trigonella L., ca ii?oieiai?th ieeeo aeyaeany aeeae/ei aei Medicago L.,
ui aoei iiaeoaa?aeaeaii e ?acoeueoaoaie aeineiaeaeaiue ii?oieiai?
eaioee (Small E. et all, 1981). I?e ii?iaiyiii ieeeo ?iaeia
Medicago L., Trigonella L. oa Melilotus Mill. ia aeyaeaii oiiaa?naeueii?
iciaee aeey ?o ?iciaaeoaaiiy. Aea anoaiiaeaii a?oie iciae oa iaaii
iiaeoiaee, ui aeicaieythoue oea c?iaeoe (Anderson I., 1972; Small E. et
all, 1982). Ieeie o i?aaenoaaieeia ?iaeo Medicago L., ye i?aaeei,
aieueoee ca ?icii?aie, a eiai iiey?ii-aeaaoi?iaeueiee iiaeaen iaioee,
iiae o i?aaenoaaieeia ?iaeia Trigonella L. oa Melilotus Mill. Oe?eia
ii? o ieo caaaeaee aieueoa ca oe?eio ai?icie, a o Medicago L. –
iaaiaee. Oaeei /eiii, ieeie Medicago L. aeineoue eaaei aiae?icieoe
aiae ieeeo Trigonella L. oa Melilotus Mill., aea ieeie inoaiiio aeaio
?iaeia aeoaea noiaeee. A iaaeao ?iaeo Medicago L. ? eieueea
niaoeeoi/ieo a?oi, ui cia/ii aiae?iciythoueny ca ii?oieiai?th ieeeo.
Nthaee iaeaaeaoue aaaaoi?i/i? aeaee naeoei? Falcago oa iaeii?i/i? aeaee
naeoei? Spirocarpos, ui neeaaea?oueny c /ioe?ueio iiaenaeoeie:
Pachyspireae, Rotatae, Leptospireae oa Intertextae. Ieeie i?aaenoaaieeia
naeoei? Falcago /anoi ia? cii?oeoaaoo iiaa?oith. Ieeie anio aeaeia
naeoei? Spirocarpos aeoaea noiaeee, e?ii ieeeiaeo ca?ai i?aaenoaaiee?a
iiaenaeoei? Intertextae, ui cacae/ae eoaiaeaeiee oa
oe?ieiii?aiiaeaeueiee. A?i oiieaeueiee oei, ui aeayei i?aaenoaaieee
iathoue ieeeiai ca?ia ic oinoueia ai?iciaie oa /ioe?ia ii?aie. Cia/ii
a?ae??ciythoueny ? ieeeia? ca?ia M. secundiflora oa M. lupulina.
Ioaea, iiia?aaei? ?acoeueoaoaoe aea/aiiy iniaeeainoae ieeeo
i?aaenoaaieeia ?iaeia Medicago, Trigonella oa Melilotus ca aeiiiiiaith
naioeiai? oa aeaeo?iiii? iie?ineiii? iieacothoue, ui ieeie
i?aaenoaaieeia ?iaeo Medicago L. aeineoue aiae?iciy?oueny aiae ?iaeia
Melilotus Mill. oa Trigonella L. ? ia? cia/io aioo??oiuei?iaeiao
aa??aaaeuei?noue ii?oieia?/ieo iciae oa iieaciee?a. Iaeiiiii?oieiai/ia
oa?aeoa?enoeea i?aaenoaaieeia ?iaeo Medicago L. oei?e Oe?a?ie. Iaoith
iaoeo aeineiaeaeaiue aoei aeaoaeueia aea/aiiy aoaeiae, no?oeoo?e
iiaa?oi? oa ii?oiiao?e/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee ieeeo aeaeia ?iaeo Medicago L.
oei?e Oe?a?ie, a oaeiae aeayeeo ?ioeo aeae?a oa oaenii?a
aioo??oiueiaeaeiaiai ?aiao, uiaei yeeo inioaaee aai iniothoue iaaii
oaeniiiii/ii i?iaeaie, c iaoith c’ynoaaiiy iiaeeeainoi aeei?enoaiiy
iaeiiieiai/ieo iciae aeey ?o ?ica’ycaiiy ye ie?aii, oae i a eiiieaeni
c iioeie iciaeaie oa iieacieeaie. Aiaeiiinoae i?i i?iaaaeaiiy
aiaeiai/ieo aeineiaeaeaiue a eioa?aoo?i iaie ia ciaeaeaii.Aiaeic
iniaeeainoae aoaeiae ieeeiaeo ca?ai ?icieo aeaeia Medicago L., ?o oi?ie
oa ?o ii?oiiao?e/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee (oaaeeoey 1) c iaeyaeo ia
nenoaiaoe/ia iieiaeaiiy oa ?nioth/? o?oaeiiu? cana?ae/ea, ui ieeeia?
ca?ia o ieo o?eai?iciiai oeio (ca aeeeth/aiiyi M. glomerata, o yei?
ieeeia? ca?ia oanoeai?ici?). Ca oa?aeoa?ii no?oeoo?e iiaa?oi? ieeeia?
ca?ia iiaeia ?icae?eeoe ia o?e a?oie: a?aioey?i?, ia?oi?iaai? oa
n?o/ano?. Aeey aieueoinoi iaeii?i/ieo aeaeia oa?aeoa?ia nio/anoa aoaeiaa
iiaa?oi? ieeeiaiai ca?ia. Aeey aaaaoi?i/ieo aeaeia aieueo oa?aeoa?iee
ae?iaiiia?oi?iaaiee oei iiaa?oii ieeeiaiai ca?ia, a o ie?aieo
i?aaenoaaieeia (M. kotovii Wissjul., M. polychroa Grossh., M. rupestris
Bieb., M. sativa L., M. tenderiensis Opperm. ex Klok. oa M. x varia T.
Martyn), aeyaeaii iaaeiie?eaii aeaiaioe (iie?ia?aioee). Ii?iaiyiiy
aoaeiae ieeeiaeo ca?ai M. medicaginoides (Retz.) E. Small, ui ?aiioa
iaeaaeaea aei ?iaeo Trigonella L. c ieeeiaeie ca?iaie ?iae?a Medicago L.
oa Trigonella L. iieacaei, ui ca no?oeoo?ith iiaa?oii ieeeiaiai ca?ia
aiia aeeae/a aei Trigonella L., a ca oi?iith – aei Medicago L.
Ii??aiyiiy aoaeiae ieeeo M. rigidula (L.) All. oa M. agrestis Ten.
aeaco? ia oa, ui ?o iaiao?aeii ?icaeyaeaoe ye ie?ai? oaeniie, a ia
a?aeiineoe M. agrestis aei neiii?i?a M. rigidula. E??i oiai, ieeeiaee
aiae?c aea? i?aenoaae aiai?eoe i?i a?a?eaeia iioiaeaeaiiy M. rigidula c
o/anoth M. agrestis. Aa??aaaeuei?noue ?ici???a ia?oi?aoe?e o M.
polymorpha L. i?aeoaa?aeaeo? iayai?noue aioo??oiueiaeaeiaeo oaenii?a M.
polymorpha var. polymorpha L. oa M. polymorpha var. vulgaris (Benth.)
Shinn. Aiaeicoth/e oaa?aeaeaiiy i?i oa, ui M. polymorpha var. vulgaris
L. ?aeaioe/ia M. denticulata Willd. ca iae?iiii?oieiai/ieie iieacieeaie
c’ynoaaee, ui ieeeiai ca?ia oeeo c?aceia iathoue aeineoue noiaeo
aoaeiao, aea M. polymorpha var. polymorpha aiae?iciy?oueny aieueoeie
?ici??aie ieeeiaeo ca?ai oa aieueo aeeoa?aioeieiaaiith aoaeiaith
iiaa?oii ieeeiaiai ca?ia. O aoaeiai ieeeo M. caerulea Less. ex Ledeb. oa
M. sativa L. ca iae?iiii?oieia?/ieie iciaeaie caoieniaaii oae? aiaeiiie,
ui oe?

Oaaeeoey 1. Ii?oiiao?e/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee ieeeiaeo ca?ai Medicago L.

? Iacaa Aeaaoi??aeueiee

ae?aiao?

Iiey?ia

a?nueAe?aiao?i/iaeaeoAiieieue-i?oioIacieieue-i?oiona?aae-i?eminmaxna?aae
-i?eminmax minmax

minmax1234567891011121.M.agrestis Ten.26,524,128,6—
——11,79,824,126,32.M.caerulea

Less ex Ledeb.27,826,629,5———2,73,719,523,63.M.denticulata

Willd.23,421,524,6———7,58,59,110,54.M.glandulosa

(Mert. et Koch)

David22,022,525,7———1012,520,124,5

5.M.falcata L.30,128,132,2———811,023,028,06.M.glomerata

Balb.27,025,128,5———6,07,217,120,57.M.glutinosa

Bieb.24,223,125,727,125,128,21011,518,522,48.M.kotovii

Wissjul.28,025,129,5———5,06,120,024,59.M.laciniata

(L.) Mill.18,017,119,5———9,01112,015,510.M.lupilina
L.16,215,517,118,117,519,76,57,810,012,711.M.marina
L.24,523,526,1———1113,118,020,012.M.medicagino ides (Retz.) E.
Small22,021,124,1———4,05,318,021,113.M.minima L. v.brevispina
Benth.22,020,324,426,324,127,54,16,519,521,714.M.orbicularis (L.)
Bartalini26,025,528,726,526,729,51112,520,023,1

I?iaeiaaeaiiy oaae. 112345678910111215.M.polychroa
Grssh.27,026,730,228,525,129,25,07,518,024,516.M.polymorpha
v.polymorpha L.

20,519,522,7———10,21218,020,117.M.polymorpha v.vulgaris (Benth.)
Shinn.28,026,930,1———6,08,018,021,118.

M.praecox DC21,020,223,5———8,21016,018,519.M.procumbens
Bess.24,021,526,726,124,927,6811,518,521,120.M.rigidula
(L.) All.27,026,128,129,528,130,51821,519,023,321.M.romanica
Prod.20,019,123,1———6,09,516,020,122.M.rupestris
Bieb.22,021,527,424,723,126,17,08,115,018,523.M.sativa
L.25,024,127,7———8,09,119,021,724.M.scutellata (L.)
Mill.25,524,122,7———————25.M.tenderiensis Opperm. ax
Klok.21,020,125,729,028,531,79,511,71619,126.M.truncatula
Gaertn.24,023,225,726,725,127,11012,118,021,727.M.tunetana (Murb.)
Vass.30,029,131,732,530,133,7910,720,022,128.M.varia
T.Martyn22,021,124,523,722,725,94,06,216,019,329.Trigonella
foenum-graecum L.18,017,521,124,023,526,116,117,510,512,2

c?acee iiaeia o?aeooaaoe ye ie?aii aeaee. Ca aoaeiaith ieeeo M. sativa
L. oa M. falcata L. oaeiae iathoue a?aei?ie ia aeaeiaiio ??ai?. Ieeie M.
tenderiensis Opperm. ex Klok. oa M. kotovii Wissjul. ia ? ?aeaioe/iei
?c M. falcata L., aei neiii?i?a yei? ?o a?aeiinyoue, a iaa?oue aeeae/a
aei M. sativa L. C?acee M. glomerata Balb., M. glutinosa Bieb., M.
polychroa Grossh. oa M. tunetana (Murb.) Vass. ca iae?iiii?oieia?/ieie
e?eoa??yie iiaeia o?aeooaaoe ye ie?ai? aeaee, a ia i?aeaeaee M. sativa
L. Aeecueeeie, aea ia ?aeaioe/ieie ca oi?iith oa no?oeoo?ith iiaa?oi? ?
ieeie oaeeo c?ace?a ye M. falcata L. i M. romanica Prod. oa M. sativa
L. i M. x varia T. Martyn. ?iciiae?e a?eueoino? aeae?a ?iaeo Medicago L.
ca naeoe?yi i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny aeaieie iae?iiii?oieia?/iiai aiae?co.
Oea noino?oueny, cie?aia, naeoe?e Medicago, Spirocarpos, Leptospireae,
Orbicularis oa Bucerates.

Ioaea, ?acoeueoaoe ii??aiyeueiiai aiae?co aeacothoue ia oa, ui
iae?iiii?oieia?/i? iciaee a iaaeao o?eae Trifolieae iiaeooue aooe
aeei?enoai? ianaiia?aae aeey ?iciaaeoaaiiy oaenii?a iaae?iaeiaiai ?aiao,
a aeey ae??oaiiy oaeniiii?/ieo oneeaaeiaiue ia aeaeiaiio oa
aioo??oiueiaeaeiaiio ??ai? ?o canoinoaaiiy aeaui iaiaaeaia ? aaaeaia o
ii?aeiaii? c ?ioeie iciaeaie.

OAIINENOAIAOE*IA AEA*AIIss ?IAeO MEDICAGO L. Iniiai?
iai?yiee oaiioaeniiii?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue ?iaeo Medicago L.
“Oaiinenoaiaoeea”, “aiioiii/ia nenoaiaoeea”, aai “iieaeoey?ia
nenoaiaoeea” – oea iaeia ic aeaea?ae iioi?iaoei? aeey neioaoe/ii?,
iioaa?aeueii? nenoaiaoeee, ui ia? aieueoo eiiai?iinoue aiaeoai?eoe
ni?aaaeith ea?oeio aaiethoeieiiai ?icaeoeo oaeniiia ?ineei, i?ae
aoaeue-yeee iioee ic iiaeoiaeia. Oiii/ii iciaee ia iaio ?iciiiaiioii ?
neeaaei?, i?ae ii?oieiai/ii. Oiii/ia oaeniiiii/ia iciaea – oea
iniaeeainoue oaeniia, ui iieyaa? o iayaiinoi aiinoo, no?oeoo?e aai
aiiaaiaco oiii/ieo niieoe, ca yeeie aii aiae?iciy?oueny aiae iioeo
oaeniiia. Iiae oea oe?iea aecia/aiiy iiaeiaaeathoue e aiiiieeneioii
iineiaeiaiinoi aieeia, i ioeeaioeaeii iineiaeiaiinoi AeIE oa ?IE, i
niiaaiaeiioaiiy o?aeoeie aieeia aai ioeeaioeaeia.

Oni oiii/ii iciaee, aeei?enoiaoaai? o oaiinenoaiaoeoei, iiaeieythoueny
ia o?e aaeeeeo a?oie aai eaoaai?i?: iecueeiiieaeoey?ii niieoee, aieee i
ioeea?iiai eeneioe. Ui noino?oueny cia/eiinoi oiii/ieo iciae, oi
iaiaeii?aciai aeneiaethaaeanue aeoiea i?i iaeaieueoo cia/eiinoue na?aae
ieo aieeia.

O ia?iiae noaiiaeaiiy oaiinenoaiaoeee oa aaiethoeieii? aiioiii? ?ineei
aoei aecia/aii, ui ia’?eoaie ?o aea/aiiy ? ia?aaaaeii aieeiai eiiieaene
ianiiiy. Ianiiiy eaioeiaeo ?ineei ? caonoeii niaaeeiaeo iniaeeainoae
aiaeiiaiaeii? ?ineeie. Oiio aieee ianiiiy iiaeooue oa?aeoa?ecoaaoe
inoaiith i aooe ?noioi?oeie iieacieeaie oieiaaiaoe/iiai iieiaeaiiy
?ineeie, iiae aoaeue-yei ii?oieiai/ii iciaee. O caianieo aieeiaeo
eiiieaenao ianiiiy, a ia a aaaaoaoeaieo i?aaiao ?ineei caeeaaeathoueny i
ooo aea ?icaeaathoueny ani /anoeie iaeaooiuei? ?ineeie c ?? aieeaie,
ioeea?iiaeie eeneioaie, oa?iaioaie i oa?aeoa?ieie no?oeoo?aie oeaiei.

Oaeei /eiii, a na?aaeeii 70-o ?ieia aeineiaeieee aiaaieeeny a oiio, ui
iniiaii aeanoeainoi i ooieoei? i?aaiicio oaeoe/ii iaoiiaeaii
aeanoeainoyie i ooieoeiyie oaeeo aiieiai/ieo iieiia?ia ye aieee (Dav?s
P., Heywood V., 1963; Heslop-Harrison I., 1963; Gibbs R., 1963; Boulter
D. et alll, 1973; Aeaaia?uainueeee A.A., 1958, 1974).

I?e i?iaaaeaiii naeaeoeieii-aaiaoe/ieo aeineiaeaeaiue canoiniao?oueny
iaoiae a?eeiaeo ia?ea??a, yeee iiaea aooe aeei?enoaiee i a nenoaiaoeoei
?ineei (Aaa?eethe E.I., Naoaaeaeeia N.O., 1973; Eiia?aa A.A., 1993;
Niceiia A.A., 1985). Canoinoaaiy oeueiai iiaeoiaeo noaei iiaeeeaei
caaaeyee cia/iiio aaeineiiaeaiith iaoiaeia aeaeo?ioi?aoe/iiai aea/aiiy
aieea. I?eioeei a?oioo?oueny ia oiio, ui ie?aii aieee, iai?eeeaae
aeayei eiiiiiaioe caianieo aieeia, iiaeooue aooe ia?ea?aie aaiiiia
oa?aeoa?ecoth/e ?iae, aeae, aiioei aai aaiaoe/io a?oio. Noeoiiinoue
oaeeo aieeia aea? oyao i?i no?oeoo?o aaiiio i iiaea aooe
aeei?enoaia a aaiiiiiio aiaeici i aeaeiaie aai ni?oiaie
iaeaioeoieaoei?.

Iaai? ii?oieiai/ieo iciae, aeei?enoiaoaaieo aeey nenoaiaoe/ii?
iaeaioeoieaoei?, ii?iaiyii c e?euee?noth aaiia oa aaiaoe/ieo nenoai a
i?aaiicii iaiaaeaiee. Aei oiai ae ia?aaaaeia aieueoinoue c ieo
ianoaaieueia i caeaaeeoue cia/iith ii?ith aiae ciaiioiio oiia. Nooue
iaoiaeia aieeiaeo ia?ea?ia iieyaa? a oiio, ui aieie ? ia?aeiiei
i?iaeoeoii aaiaoe/ii? nenoaie. Oeyo aiae aaia aei aieeiai? iciaee
ei?iooee, iiae aei ii?oieiai/ii? aai cae/aeii? aiioiii/ii?.
Aiaeiiaiaeii, aieeiaei iciaeai iaeiaioith ii?ith i?eoaiaiia
oaiioeii/ia iiieeainoue. Aieie – iaia’yceiaee i?iaeoeo aaiaoe/ieo
nenoai eeioeie i eeoa /a?ac iueiai a?aeaoaa?oueny ?aaeicaoeiy
aaiaoe/ii? iioi?iaoei? a ii?oiaaiaci. O aiaeiiaiaeiinoi c oeei iiaeia
ia?ei?oaaoe aoaeue-yeo aaiaoe/io nenoaio. Eiaeai aieie – oiieaeueiee
i?iaeoeo naiai aaia. Aii iaee?auei /eiii aiaeaeaa? niaoeeoieo oeueiai
aaia i ? eiai iaaeieiei ia?ea?ii. Iieaeoea aieea – neeaaeia aiieiai/ia
nenoaia, iaeaaaeeeaioei ao?eaooii yei? ? aiieiai/ia niaoeeoi/iinoue.Oiio
aieie aaciina?aaeiuei i iaeiiai?oa cana?ae/o? iaeaaeiinoue i?aaiicio
aei aiieiai/iiai aeaeo i iiaea aooe aeei?enoaiee ye oaeoi?
iaeaioeoieaoei? ia oieueee ie?aieo aaiaoe/ieo nenoai (aaiieo eieonia,
o?iiinii, aaiiiia), a oaeiae ni?oia, aiioeiia i aeaeia ?ineei. Aa?oi
cacia/eoe, ui aieeiai ia?ea?e iathoue ?yae ?noioieo ia?aaaa iaae
ii?oieiai/ieie. Ii?oieiai/ii iciaee yaeythoue niaith eeo iaeei c i?iyaia
aaia. Iiceoeaiith yeinoth aieeiaeo ia?ea?ia ? i oa, ui aiie iiaeooue
aooe aeei?enoaii a aaiaoe/iiio i oieiaaiaoe/iiio aiaeici o oe?ieiio
aeiaiaciii – aiae aeaeueii? i aaiii? iiieeainoi aei cinoaaeaiiy
i?aaiiciia a aaiethoeieiiio ieaii ia ?iaii aeaeo, ?iaeo, ?iaeeie,
eeano, aiaeaeieo aea iiaeeeainoi ii?oieiai/ieo oa iioeo iciae
iaiaaeaii.

I?e?iaeiuei, ui aieeiai ia?ea?e ia iiaeooue iiaiinoth caiiieoe
ii?oieiai/ii. Aiie aeiiiaiththoue iaei? iaeieo. Aea ia ani aieee
iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoaii ye ia?ea?e i ia eiaeia aieeiaa iciaea iiaea
aooe aeei?enoaia ye ia?ea?ia.

Ia nueiaiaeiioiie aeaiue aeei?enoiao?oueny aeaa aieiaieo iaoiaee
ia?ei?oaaiiy. Iaeei c ieo a?oioo?oueny ia aeei?enoaiii aioeaaiii?
niaoeeoi/iinoi aieea, a ?ioee – ia niaoeeoi/iinoi niaeo?a iiiaeeiieo i
aaiaoe/ii iieiii?oieo aieeia. ?i aiaeiiaiaeathoue aeaa oeie aieeiaeo
ia?ea?ia: iioiioiii/ii aai na?ieiai/ii e aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ii.

O iaoie ?iaioi aeei?enoaii aeaeo?ioi?aoe/iee iaoiae. A iniiai
aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ieo ia?ea?ia eaaeaoue oiceei-oiii/ii aeanoeainoi aieea i
ianaiia?aae ca?yae, iana, oi?ia i ?icii? iieaeoee. Aieeiaeie iciaeaie
ooo ?, aiaeiiaiaeii, aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ia ?ooeeainoue, iciaeaeo?e/ia oi/ea,
e?euee?noue eiiiiiaioia iaeiaeiaiai aieea i ?o iiceoei? a
aeaeo?ioi?aoe/iiio niaeo?i. ?icii aa?iaioe aeaeo?ioi?aco aeathoue
ciiao, ii-ia?oa, aeyaeyoe ?iciiiaiioiinoue aieea ye aaaaoieiiiiiaioii?
nenoaie, ui eiaeo?oueny a?oiaie aai eeanoa?aie aiaeiiaiaeieo ?i
?iciiiaiioieo aaiia. Ii-ae?oaa, aeyaeyoe aeaeici aaiia, ioeiithaaoe ?o
aeaeueio no?oeoo?o a iiioeyoei?. Aeey c’ynoaaiiy cia/eiinoi oa
iiaeeeainoae aeei?enoaiiy a oaiinenoaiaoeoei i?iaiaeeeinue aea/aiiy
aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ieo niaeo?ia aeiaoeiiia ianiiiy i iciciiia ia?ieneaeace
iiioeyoeie ?icieo aeioeiia ethoea?ie na?iiaeaeii?, iio?iaeoeiaaieo o
Oeaio?aeueiiio neai?nueeiio aioaii/iiio naaeo c ?icieo ?aeiiia Neai?o
(Naainueeei E.I., Iieyeiaa E.A., 1979; Iieyeiaa E.A., 1982).
Aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ii niaeo?e aeiaoeiiia ianiiiy o ?icieo iiioeyoeie aoee
iaeaioe/ii ye ca eieueeinoth cii, oae i ca ?o oe?eiith oa i?ioieai.
Iciciie ia?ieneaeace o oeeo aea aeioeiia aoee ?icieie.

Oaeei /eiii, ia aeoieo aaoi?ia, o aioo?ioiueiaeaeiaie oaeniiiii? (a
naia ia iiioeyoeieiiio ?iaii, ye naiae/aoue ?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaioo)
iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoaii iciciie ia?ieneaeac, a aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ii
niaeo?e aeiaoeiiia, aiaeiiaiaeii, a nenoaiaoeoei oaeniiia aieueo
aenieiai ?aiao. Niaoeiaeueieie aeineiaeaeaiiyie aoei anoaiiaeaii, ui
ianiiiy ethoea?ie iinoeoue aeaa caianieo aeiaoeiie: aeueoii – 7S
(aeoeeeiiiiiaeiaiee aieie) oa iaaeieaaii – 11S (eaaoiiiiiiaeiaiee
aeiaoeii) (Krochko J. et all, 1988, 1990).

Ioaea, iaaaaeai? eioa?aoo?ii aeaii oa ?o aiaeic naiae/aoue i?i oa,
ui oaaaa nenoaiaoeeia aei aea/aiiy iaeeaiaeoaeueieo aiioiii/ieo
iniaeeainoae ?ineei aoea i?eaa?iooa aeaaii. I?e oeueiio aea/aeenue ?icii
a?oie oiii/ieo ?a/iaei ?ineeiieo i?aaiiciia oa iniaeeainoi ?o
iaoaaieicio. Oei aeineiaeaeaiiy, a ?aooi-?aoo iieacaee, ui
iaeia?niaeoeaiioeie ? ?iaioe, aea aeey ae?ioaiiy ieoaiue nenoaiaoeee
aeei?enoiaothoueny aieee – ia?aeiii i?iaeoeoe aeni?ani? aaiiio,
iniaeeai – caianii aieee ianiiiy. Aoei aeiaaaeaii oaeiae i?aaiii?iinoue
aeei?enoaiiy oeeo iciae ye iaaeieiiai oa aeinoiai?iiai oaeniiiii/iiai
e?eoa?ith, cie?aia, ia aioo?ioiuei?iaeiaiio ?iaii. Ii?yae c iioeie
c’yaeythoueny oaeiae ?iaioe, i?enay/aii oaiinenoaiaoe/iiio aea/aiith
i?aaenoaaieeia ?iaeo Medicago L. O ieo ?icaeyaeathoueny oa?aeoa?enoeee
aieeiaeo niaeo?ia ie?aieo oaeniiia, a oaeiae i?iaiaeeoueny ?o
ii?iaiyiiy, ia?aaaaeii ia ?iaii ni?oia oa iiioeyoeie. Ioaea,
aeineiaeaeaiiy a aeaiiio iai?yieo aaaeooueny, aea ia nueiaiaeiioiie
aeaiue aiie iaaeinoaoii i aaaaoi i?iaeai caeeoathoueny iaae?ioaieie.

Oaiioaeniiiii/ia aea/aiiy aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ieo niaeo?ia caianieo aieeia
ianiiiy. Aiaeic noaio oaeniiiii/iiai aea/aiiy ?iaeo Medicago L.,
i?iaeaie ?iciaaeoaaiiy eiai c aaiaoe/ii aeecueeeie ?iaeaie o?eae
Trifolieae oa ?iciiiaiioieo iiaeoiaeia, ui aeei?enoiaothoueny aeey
?ica’ycaiiy oeeo i?iaeai, cana?ae/ea aeioeieueiinoue aaaaeaiiy iiaeo
iciae, ui aoee a a?eueo oiiaa?naeuei?oeie oa eiina?aaoeai?oeie. Iaeyae
?icaeoeo oaiioaeniiiii? oa e?eoa?i?a, ui i?e oeueiio aeei?enoiaothoueny,
i?eioeeiiai iiaeoaa?aeaeo? iiaeeeainoue aeei?enoaiiy aeey oeueiai iciae
aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ieo niaeo?ia caianieo aieeia ianiiiy, oiaoi, iciae
aieeiaeo oaiioeiia.

Ia i?aeoaa?aeaeaiiy iiaeeeainoi canoinoaaiiy oeueiai iaoiaeo o
eiie?aoiiio aeiaaeeo ie i?iaaee ii?iaiyiiy aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ieo aieeiaeo
niaeo?ia c?aceia, ui iaeaaeaoue aei oaeniiia ?iciiai ?iaiy ?iaeo
Medicagi L. ? Trigonella L. ye oei?e Oe?a?ie, oae e iioeo ?aaiiiia.
Aeei?enoaiiy iciae a?eeiaeo oaiioei?a oa ?o ii??aiyiiy ?c canoinoaaiiyi
iaoiae?a eeanoa?iiai aiae?co aeicaieeei iaeiicia/ii a?aeie?aieoe aeaee
Medicago L. a?ae Trigonella L., ui i?aeoaa?aeeei iiaeeea?noue
canoinoaaiiy ia?aieo e?eoa???a.

O iaoeo aeine?aeaeaiiyo a?eeiaiai oaiioeio i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeo Medicago
L. aea/aee 17 oaenii?a ??ciiai ?aiao iaeii??/ieo ethoea?i, ia?aaaaeia
a?eueo?noue yeeo ? i?aaenoaaieeaie oei?e Oe?a?ie: M. arabica (L.) Huds.,
M. denticulata Willd., M. laciniata (L.) Mill., M. lupulina L., M.
minima var. brevispina Benth., M. minima var. minima L., M. orbicularis
var. biancae, M. orbicularis var. marginata (Willd.) Benth., M.
polymorpha var. brevispina (Benth.) Heyn, M. polymorpha var. polymorpha
L., M. polymorpha var. vulgaris (Benth.) Shinn., M. praecox DC., M.
rigidula var. agrestis (Ten.) Burnat, M. rigidula var. cinerescens
(Jordan) Rony, M. rigidula var. rigidula (L.) Mill., M. scutellata (L.)
Mill., M. truncatula Gaertn. I?e aiae?c? aoei aeei?enoaii 183 iciaee
a?eeiaeo oaiioei?a. Aeaiae?ia?aia oaeniiii?/ii? no?oeoo?e iaeii??/ieo
aeae?a i?aeoaa?aeaeo? aeae?eaiiy oaeniiii?noaie ?iaeo naeoe?? Lupularia.
M. scutellata (L.) Mill. oa M. orbicularis (L.) Bartalini ?ici?uai? ia
iiaoaeiaaiie aeaiae?ia?aii ii?o/, aea o ?icieo a?oiao. Oaeee ?iciiaeie
i?eeiyoi a aieueoinoi nenoai ?iaeo: ii/eiath/e c O?aaia (Urban I., 1873)
i caeii/oth/e nenoaiith Niieea (Small E., 1989). Oei aeaee aiaeiinyoue
aei ie?aieo, aea aeecueeeo naeoeie aai iiaenaeoeie, ca aeiyoeii ?.O.
Aaneeue/aiea (1987), yeee ia’?aeiaa ?o a iaeio naeoeith — Orbicularis.
?ici?uaiiy a iaeiie aai aeecueeinii?iaeiaieo a?oiao ia ?iaii oaeniiia
?iciiai ?aiao o ?icieo nenoaiao oaeeo oaeniiia ye M. denticulata Willd.,
M. minima (L.) Bartalini, M. polymorpha var. vulgaris (Benth.) Shinn. ?
a?aoiaioii aeey ?o aiaeianaiiy aei naeoei? Spirocarpos oa oaeniiia
aieueo iecueeiai ?aiao, iai?eeeaae, iiaenaeoei? Leptospireae.
A?aoiaoth/e oa, ui iaie aiaeicoaaeeny c?acee aeaeia ?iaeo Medicago L.,
ye? ia iiaiith i??ith ?ai?acaioothoue ?iae, iiaeia iiynieoe aeayeo
aiaeie?aieaiinoue M. arabica (L.) Huds., M. laciniata (L.) Mill. oa M.
praecox DC., i?eeiyaoe aei oaaae oa, ui Niiee ani oei aeaee oaeiae
aiaeiineoue aei iiaenaeoei? Leptospireae. Ioaea, ?acoeueoaoe aea/aiiy
aieeiaeo oaiioeiia iaeii?i/ieo aeaeia ?iaeo Medicago L. oei?e Oe?a?ie
aeathoue iiaenoaae c?iaeoe aeayei aeniiaee i?i caaaeueio no?oeoo?o
?iaeo. Aiie cana?ae/othoue aeioeieueiinoue ?ici?uaiiy oaeeo aeaeia ye
M. scutellata (L.) Mill. oa M. orbicularis (L.) Bartalini o ?icieo
naeoe?yo: Spirocarpos oa Orbicularis (a, aiaeiiaiaeii, ? aeaeieaiiy
aiaeiiaiaeieo naeoeie), a ia a iaeiie naeoei? — Orbicularis.
Iiaeoaa?aeaeaii aiaeie?aieaiinoue M. lupulina i uiaei naeoei? Lupularia.
Iaea?aeaii ?acoeueoaoe oaeiae ia caia?a/othoue aeaeieaiiy a no?oeoo?i
?iaeo iiaenaeoei? Pachyspireae i iaeaaeiinoue aei ia? oaeeo aeaeia ye M.
rigidula (L.) All. oa M. truncatula Gaertn. i Leptospireae c oaeeie
aeaeaie ye M. denticulata Willd., M. minima (L.) Bartalini, M.
polymorpha var. vulgaris (Benth.) Shinn., a oaeiae M. arabica (L.)
Huds., M. laciniata (L.) Mill. oa M. praecox DC.

Uiaei aeayeeo iaeii?i/ieo aeaeia ?iaeo Medicago L. iniothoue iaaii
i?iaeaie, iia’ycaii c aioo?ioiueiaeaeiaith oaeniiiii?th. Aeey
?ica’ycaiiy aeayeeo c ieo ie oaeiae canoinoaaee iciaee aieeiaeo
oaiioeiia. Iaeii?th ?c cacia/aieo i?iaeai ? ieoaiiy i?i
aioo?ioiueiaeaeiao no?oeoo?o M. polymorpha, a naia — /e ? aeioeieueiei
aeaeieaiiy ana?aaeeii aeaeo o?ueio ?iciiaeae?a: M. polymorpha var.
polymorpha, M. polymorpha var. brevispina oa M. polymorpha var.
vulgaris. sse naiae/aoue ?acoeueoaoe aiaeico aeineiaeaeoaaieo c?aceia,
aieueo aeecueeeie c ieo ? M. polymorpha var. brevispina oa M. polymorpha
var. vulgaris (12,5%), ui ooai?ththoue iaeio a?oio, aea M. polymorpha
var. polymorpha ia? iaeaea oaea naia cia/aiiy nii?iaeiaiinoi c oei?th
a?oiith, yea iathoue iiae niaith cacia/aii ?iciiaeaeiino? (16,1%).
Nooiiiue nii?iaeiaiinoi aeaieo c?aceia canaiae/o? aeioeieueiinoue
aeaeieaiiy a iaaeao M. polymorpha aeacaieo ?iciiaeaeiinoae. Aiaeiai/ii
i?iaeaie ? ? uiaei M. rigidula (L.) All. I?iaaaeaiee iaie aiaeic oa eiai
?acoeueoaoe oaeiae aeacothoue ia iiaeeeainoue aeaeieaiiy a iaaeao aeaeo
M. rigidula (L.) All. oaeeo ?iciiaeaeiinoae ye M. rigidula var.
agrestis, M. rigidula var. cinerescens oa M. rigidula var. rigidula.
Oaei ae o?oaeiiui, aea iaioith ii?ith, iniothoue e uiaei aeaeia M.
minima (L.) Bartalini oa M. orbicularis (L.) Bartalini. Aiaeic aieeiaeo
niaeo?ia c?aceia, aecia/aieo ye M. minima var. brevispina oa M. minima
var. minima, cana?ae/ea aenieee nooiiiue nii?iaeiaiinoi iiae ieie — 42%.
Aea, ia iaoo aeoieo, aii iaaeinoaoiie aeey iiaiiai ioioiaeiaiiy oeeo
c?aceia, i ie noeeueii aaaaeaoe, ui o no?oeoo?i aeaeo M. minima iiaeeeaa
aeaeieaiiy oeeo ?iciiaeaeia. Uiaei M. orbicularis (L.) Bartalini, aea
/anii aeaeieythoue oaei ?iciiaeaee ye M. orbicularis var. marginata oa
M. orbicularis var. biancae, oi ooo aaee/eia nii?iaeiaiinoi noaiiaeoue
79%. Caaaeath/e ia oa, ui i?e oeueiio a?aoiaaii iayaiinoue niieueieo
iciae oa iioaineaiinoue ?o i?iyao, ie aaaaea?ii ca iiaeeeaa aeaii c?acee
ioioiaeieoe i ?icaeyaeaoe M. orbicularis (L.) Bartalini ye oaeee, ui ia
ia? aioo??oiueiaeaeiaeo oaeniiia. ?icaeyaeath/e iiaeeeainoue
ioioiaeiaiiy M. denticulata Willd. oa M. polymorpha L. i ia?aaaaeaiiy
ia?oiai aei ?aiao neiiiiiia, ie i?iaaee aiaeic c?aceia caianieo aieeia
ianiiiy cacia/aieo aeae?a. Iaea?aeaii ?acoeueoaoe iieacaee, ui nooi?iue
nii??aeiaiino? i?ae oeeie c?aceaie noaiiaeoue 12,7% ? ia?aeiieeai
naiae/aoue i?i aeioeieueiinoue ?icaeyaeaoe ?o ye ie?aii oaeniie. Oiaoi,
M. denticulata Willd. — ? ie?aiei aeaeii.

I?e oaiioaeniiiii/iiio aea/aiii aaaaoi?i/ieo aeaeia ?iaeo Medicago L. ie
aeineiaeaeoaaee 13 c?aceia ianiiiy, ui iaeaaeeoue oaeniiai ?iciiai ?iaiy
aaaaoi?i/ieo ethoea?i: M. caerulea Less. ex Ledeb., M. falcata L., M.
glandulosa (Mert. et Koch) David, M. hemicycla Grossh., M. marina L., M.
media Pers., M. polychroa Grossh., M. quasifalcata Sinsk., M. sativa L.,
M. sativa var. viscosa (Reichenb.) Posp., M. tunetana (Murb.) Vass., M.
x varia T. Martyn, M. glutinosa Bieb.

Ii?iaiyiiy aeineiaeaeoaaieo aaaaoi?i/ieo aeaeia ia iiaenoaai
aeei?enoaiiy 159 iciae ?o aieeiaeo oaiioeiia aeey aecia/aiiy nooiaiy
nii?iaeiaiinoi aeyaeei iayaiinoue eieueeio a?oi. ?o, aiaeiiaiaeii,
ooai?ththoue: M. caerulea Less. ex Ledeb. oa M. media Pers.; M. falcata
L., M. x varia T. Martyn oa M. tunetana (Murb.) Vass.; M. glandulosa
(Mert. et Koch) David, M. sativa var. viscosa (Reichenb.) Posp.; M.
hemicycla Grossh., M. marina L., M. polychroa Grossh.; M. quasifalcata
Sinsk. Aeaoaeueiee aiaeic oeeo a?oi ia ia? i?eioeeiiaiai cia/aiiy,
ine?eueee oaeniiiiiy aaaaoi?i/ieo aeaeia ocaiaeaeaia i ia aeeeeea?
cia/ieo o?oaeiiuia.

Cia/ii neeaaeiioith ? i?iaeaia ocaiaeaeaiiy niiaaiaeiioaiiy oaeniiia ia
aioo?ioiueiaeaeiaiio oa iiaeaeaeiaiio ?iaii. C iaeyaeo ia oea iniiaio
oaaao ie cina?aaeeee ia iiaeeeainoi ?ica’ycaiiy aeayeeo ic oeeo ieoaiue,
aeei?enoiaoth/e i?e oeueiio iciaee aieeiaeo oaiioeiia.

Ia?oa ia?a aeineiaeaeoaaieo c?aceia — M. sativa oa M. caerulea, uiaei
niiaaiaeiioaiiy yeeo aein? iaia? iaeiinoaeii? aeoiee. Aiaeic
aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ieo niaeo?ia iieaco? aiaenooiinoue a ieo iaeaioe/ieo ca
nai?th aiaeiiniith ?ooeeainoth oa nooiaiai i?iyao o?aeoe?e. Oea aea?
iiaenoaae ?icaeyaeaoe aeineiaeaeoaaii c?acee ye naiinoieii aeaee, oiaoi:
M. sativa L. oa M. caerulea Less. ex Ledeb., a ia ye M. sativa L. oa M.
sativa subsp. caerulea (Less. ex Ledeb.) Schmalh. Ianooiia ia?a c?aceia,
iiaeyaee ia niiaaiaeiioaiiy yeeo ia ? iaeiicia/ieie — M. sativa oa M. x
varia. Iiia?ia ii?iaiyiiy aeineiaeaeoaaieo oaeniiia aeey aecia/aiiy
nooiaiy iiae?aiino? aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ieo aieeiaeo o?aeoeie iieacaei, ui
nooiiiue ?o nii?iaeiaiinoi noaiiaeoue 0,102. Oea naiae/eoue i?i ?o
aeecueeinoue, aea oaeee ?iaaiue nii?iaeiaiinoi ia aea? iiaenoaa aeey ?o
iiaeii?yaeeoaaiiy iaeia iaeiiio. Ioaea, oei oaeniie iiaeia ?icaeyaeaoe
ye naiinoieii aeaee: M. sativa L. oa M. x varia T. Martyn.
Iiaeii?yaeeiaaiinoue oa niiaaiaeiioaiiy M. o varia oa M. media oaeiae
oeoia/aoue ii-?iciiio. Iaea?aeaii iaie ?acoeueoaoe aeacothoue ia ?o
aeecueeinoue, aea nii?iaeiaiinoue ia ?iaii 0,12 ? iaaeinoaoiueith aeey
?o iiaiiai ioioiaeiaiiy. Ioaea, ie iiaeo?eio?ii oaa?aeaeaiiy i?i
inioaaiiy oeeo oaeniiia ye naiinoieieo aeaeia: M. x varia T. Martyn oa
M. media Pers. Aiaeia?/i? oneeaaeiaiiy ? ? i?e aecia/aiii oa?aeoa?o
iiaeii?yaeeoaaiiy M. x varia oa M. hemicycla. Iiia?iee aiaeic
aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ieo niaeo?ia ?ic/eiieo caianieo aieeia ianiiiy oeeo
c?aceia iieacaa, ui nooiiiue ?o nii?iaeiaiinoi ua iaioee, iiae o
iiia?aaeiueiio aeiaaeeo — 0,083, a oea oei aieueoa ia ? iiaenoaaith aeey
aeeeth/aiiy iaeiiai c ieo. Oiaoi, oe? oaeniie iiaeia ?icaeyaeaoe ye
naiinoieii aeaee: M. x varia T. Martyn oa M. hemicycla Grossh. Iioa ia?a
oaeniiia, uiaei noaoono yeeo ? ?icii oeoia/aiiy, iaeaaeaoue aei a?oie M.
sativa. Oea M. sativa L. oa M. falcata L. Nooiiiue ?o nii?iaeiaiinoi ca
aeineiaeaeoaaieie iciaeaie oaeiae noaiiaeoue 0,083, oiaoi aea?aii
e?eoa?i? iiaeoaa?aeaeothoue ?o aeaeiao naiinoieiinoue: M. sativa L. oa
M. falcata L. Ua iaioee nooi?iue nii?iaeiaiino? iathoue M. falcata oa M.
quasifalcata — 0,076. Oiio ie aaaaeaaii, ui ?o aa?oi ?icaeyaeaoe ye
ie?aii oaeniie aeaeiaiai ?iaiy: M. falcata L. oa M. quasifalcata Sinsk.,
ye oea c?iaeea ?.I. Neinueea (1950, 1959). Ia ? iaeiicia/iei oa oeieeii
ocaiaeaeaiei noaoon oaeeo oaeniiia ye M. sativa oa M. tunetana. Ca
iaoeie e?eoa?iyie nooiiiue ?o nii?iaeiaiiy noaiiaeoue 0,037. Ia
iiaenoaai oeueiai ie aaaaea?ii, ui inoaiiie oaenii neiae o?aeooaaoe ia
ye M. sativa nsubsp. tunetana Murb., a ye M. tunetana (Murb.) Vass.,
oiaoi iiaeoaa?aeaeo?ii oi/eo ci?o ?.O. Aaneeue/aiea (1953, 1979, 1987).
Ianooiiei i?iaeaiiei ieoaiiyi uiaei aioo?ioiuei?iaeiai? oaeniiiii? ?iaeo
Medicago L., i cie?aia aaaaoi?i/ieo aeaeia, ? aecia/aiiy
iiaeii?yaeeiaaiinoi iiae M. tunetana oa M. polychroa. Inio? oi/ea ci?o,
ui inoaiiie oaenii aeaeieaii ooo/ii i eiai ioioiaeiththoue c M.
tunetana. I?iaaaeaiee aiaeic aeaco? ia aeineoue aenieee nooiiiue ?o
nii?iaeiaiinoi — 0,35. I?ioa oea aea? iiaenoaae ?icaeyaeaoe aeaii
oaeniie oieueee ye aeecueei aeaee i ? aeaeaei ia aeinoaoiii aeey ?o
iiaiiai ioioiaeiaiiy. Oiaoi, ie iiaeoaa?aeaeo?ii aeaeieaiiy M. polychroa
Grossh. ie?aiei aeaeii, ye oea c?iaea I.A. A?innaaei (1945). Inoaii?
oaeniiiii/ia oneeaaeiaiiy, yea noino?oueny aeineiaeaeaieo iaie c?aceia,
iieyaa? o c’ynoaaiii aeioeieueiinoi oa a?aoiaioiaaiinoi aeaeieaiiy M.
glandulosa ye ie?aiiai oaeniia aeaeiaiai ?iaiy, a ia a?aeianaii? ?? aei
neiii?i?a M. sativa var. viscosa. ?acoeueoaoe iaoeo aeineiaeaeaiue
iieacothoue, ui nii?iaeiaiinoi aeaieo ia’?eoia — 0,0847, a oea
na?ae/eoue i?i aeioeieueiinoue ?icaeyaeaoe M. glandulosa (Mert. et Koch)
David ye ie?aiee aeaeiaee oaenii, a ia ye neiiiii M. sativa var. viscosa
(Reichenb.) Posp.

Oaeei /eiii, i?iaaaeaii iaie aeineiaeaeaiiy c aea/aiiy aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ieo
niaeo?ia caianieo aieeia ianiiiy aeayeeo aaaaoi?i/ieo aeaeia ?iaeo
Medicago L., /anoeia yeeo ? i?aaenoaaieeaie oei?e Oe?a?ie, iieacaee, ui
?o oaeniiiii/io no?oeoo?o iiaeia ?icaeyaeaoe oaeei /eiii: M. caerulea
Less. ex Ledeb., M. falcata L., M. glandulosa (Mert. et Koch) David, M.
hemicycla Grossh., M. marina L., M. media Pers., M. polychroa Grossh.,
M. quasifalcata Sinsk., M. sativa L., M. sativa var. viscosa (Reichenb.)
Posp., M. tunetana (Murb.) Vass., M. x varia T. Martyn. E??i oiai,
aeaeo?ioi?aoe/i? niaeo?e caianieo a?ee?a ian?iiy iiaeooue aooe
aeei?enoai? aeey ?iciaaeoaaiiy aaiaoe/ii aeecueeeo ?iae?a Medicago L. oa
Trigonella L.

Iiaeeea? iai?yiee a?io?i?/ii? aaiethoe??. A iao?e ?iaio? ie canoinoaaee
iniaeeaino? o?aeoe?eiiai neeaaeo niaeo?o caianieo a?ee?a ian?iiy
ethoea?ie ye iciaee aeey aecia/aiiy nooiaiy aaiethoe?eiiai ?icaeoeo.
Iciaea, yeo i?e oeueiio aeei?enoiaoaaee aoea e?euee?noue o?aeoe?e o
aeniei-, na?aaeiuei- oa iecueeiiieaeoey?i?e /anoei? a?eeiaeo niaeo??a
aeine?aeaeoaaieo c?ace?a. Aaiethoe?eio ?icaeioo?noue aecia/aee ca
nooiaiai iane/aiino? aenieiiieaeoey?ii? /anoeie a?eeiaiai niaeo?o.

Ca oe??th iciaeith na?aae aaaaoi??/ieo aeae?a ia ieae/iio ??ai?
aaiethoe?eiiai ?icaeoeo ?, a?aeiia?aeii, iaea?eueoo e?euee?noue o?aeoe?e
o aenieiiieaeoey?i?e /anoei? niaeo?o – 14 ia? M. marina. Iiaeaeueoee
?iciiae?e iieacaii ia oaaeeoe? 2 (M. glandulosa, M. quasifalcata, M.
media – 13; M. hemicycla, M. polychroa – 12; M. caerulea, M. falcata, M.
tunetana – 10; M. sativa, M.x varia, M. viscosa – 8).

Ioaea, iaea?aeaii aenia?eiaioaeueii aeaii oa iiaeoiaee, aea?aii aeey ?o
oeoia/aiiy, aeathoue iiaenoaae aaaaeaoe, ui na?aae aeineiaeaeoaaieo iaie
i?aaenoaaieeia aaaaoi?i/ieo aeaeia ?iaeo Medicago L. aaiethoeieia
niiaaiaeiioaiiy iiaea aooe aeaoaeiaaia ca ianooiiith noaiith (?en. 1).
Cai?iiiiiaaia iaie noaia aiaeia?aaea? caaaeueii oaiaeaioei? i ia ia?
cia/ieo i?eioeeiiaeo aiaeiii aiae cai?iiiiiaaieo iioeie aaoi?aie.

Iaaaaaoi ai?oa aea/ai? ieoaiiy aaiethoei? iaeii?i/ieo aeaeia ?iaeo
Medicago L. Iaeii?th c i?e/ei oeueiai ? oa, ui o ainiiaea?nueeiio ieaii
aiie iaio oeiiii, a oiio ieoaiiy ?o aaiethoei? caeeoathoueny iica
oaaaith. E?ii oiai, i?e/eiith iaaeinoaoiueiai aea/aiiy aaiethoei?
iaeii?i/ieo aeaeia ?iaeo Medicago L. ? aiaenooiinoue

Oaaeeoey 2.E?euee?noue a?eeiaeo o?aeoe?e o aaaaoi??/ieo aeae?a ?iaeo
Medicago L.

? A E AeA?OIACaaaeueia e?eue-i/i??????e?noue o?aeoe?e123456 1.I. sativa
v. viscosa81211312.M. varia877223.M. falnata10132254.M. sativa8143255.M.
caerulea10105256.M. marina149730I?iaeiaaeaiiy oaae. 21234567.M.
hemicycla12101238.M. media13111259.M. glandulosa131232810.M.
polychroa121222611.M. tunetana101252712.M. quasifalcata1313228

I. sativa — M. viscosa — M. ovaria
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I. falcata — M. caerulea — M.
tunetana

picscalex120010009000003de0000000000bc0000000000040000000301080005000000
0b0200000000050000000c020b0009000400000007010400bc000000430f2000cc000000
0b000900000000000b0009000000000028000000090000000b0000000100180000000000
3401000050080000070900000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffff00ffffffffffffffffffffffff000000ffffffffffffffffff
ffffff00ffffffffffffffffffffffff000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff00ffffffff
ffffffffffffffff000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff00ffffffffffffffffffffffff
000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff0bffffffffffffffffffffffff000000ffffffffff
ffffffffffffffffffffff000000ffffffffffff000000ffffffffffff000000ffffffff
ffffffffffff000000ffffff000000ffffff000000ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ff000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff000000ff
ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
ffffffff0400000007010100030000000000

M. hemicycla — M. polychroa
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M. quasifalcata — M. glandulosa — M.
media
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I. marina

?en. 1. Noaia aaiethoeieiiai ?icaeoeo aeayeeo aaaaoi?i/ieo aeae?a ?iaeo
Medicago L.

/ioeeo aeiaaiinoe/ieo e?eoa?i?a nooiaiy aaiethoeieiiai ?icaeoeo oei??
a?oie aeaeia. Ianeiaeeii oeueiai ? oa, ui ieii iaia? caaaeueii?
o?eiaaiaoe/ii? noaie iaeii?i/ieo aeaeia ethoea?ie. Caaaeath/e ia oea,
iaie aoei cai?iiiiiaaii noaio aaiethoeieieo

niiaaiaeiioaiue iaeii?i/ieo aeae?a ethoea?ie oei?e Oe?a?ie c
aeei?enoaiiyi cai?iiiiiaaiiai iaie aiioiii/iiai e?eoa?ith (?en. 2).

Iaei?eiioeaiioeie, ca ia?aiith iciaeith, aeyaeeenue M. rigidula v.
agrestis, M. rigidula v. rigidula oa M. rigidula v. cinerescens, ye? i
neeaee ia?oeo o?e a?oie. Ia’?aeiaiiy ?o a iaeio a?oio ie aaaaea?ii
iaaeioeieueiei, ine?eueee a aeineiaeaeoaaiie iaie aieeiaie /anoeii
niaeo?o oeeo aeaeia ? cia/ii aiaeiiie. Eieueeinoue o?aeoeie ooo
aiaeiiaiaeii 24, 18 i 17 (oaae. 3).

Canoinoaaiiy eiiieaeno o?aaeeoeieieo iciae, oaeeo ye aoaeiaa ieiaea,
eiai iiooaiinoue oa iayaiinoue oeiia, iei?aeiinoue oa nenoaiaoe/ia
iieiaeaiiy aeine?aeaeo-

aaieo aeaeia aeey c’ynoaaiiy aaiethoeieii? ?icaeiaiinoi ia caia?a/o?
cai?iiiiiaaii? iaie noaie.

Ioaea, ie aaaaea?ii, ui aeaeieaiee iaie aiioiii/iee e?eoa?ie iiaea aooe
aeei?enoaiei aeey aecia/aiiy nooiaiy aaiethoeieiiai ?icaeoeo
nii?iaeiaieo oaeniiia.

M. minima v. minima.
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M. arabica, M. scutellata, M. lupulina
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M. denticulata, M. polymorpha v. vulgaris
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M. truncatula, M. polymorpha v. brevispina
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M. orbicularis v. biancea, M. orbicularis v. marginata, M.

minima v. brevispina, M. laciniata
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M. praecox
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M. polymorpha v. polymorpha
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M. rigidula v. cinerescens
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M. rigidula v. rigidula
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M. rigidula v. agrestis

?en. 2. Noaia aaiethoeieiiai ?icaeoeo aeayeeo iaeii?i/ieo aeaeia ?iaeo
Medicago L.

Oaaeeoey 3. E?euee?noue a?eeiaeo o?aeoe?e o iaeii??/ieo aeae?a ?iaeo
Medicago L.

( n = 15 )

? A E AeA?OIACaaaeueia e?eue-i/i??????e?noue o?aeoe?e123456 1.M.
truncatula13139352.M. polymorpha

v. vulgaris

12

11

9

323.M. orbicularis

v. biancae

14

12

8

344.M. arabica9108275.M. lupulina9104236.M. orbicularis

v. marginata

14

11

9

347.M. polomorpha

v. brevispina

13

11

11

358.M. laciniata141013379.M. polomorpha

v. polymorpha

16

9

8

3310.M. praecox1511935
I?iaeiaaeaiiy oaae. 3

12345611.M. scutellata91262712.M. denticulata121473313.M. minima

v. brevispina

14

11

4

2914.M. minima

v. minima

6

12

3

2115.M. rigidula

v. cinerescens

17

13

8

3816.M. rigidula

v. agrestis

24

12

3

3917.M. rigidula

v. rigidula

18

12

5

35

AAIAOE*I? OeAIO?E IIOIAeAEAIIss ?IAeO MEDICAGO L.

Aaiaoe/ii oeaio?e iioiaeaeaiiy. Oeaio?aie iioiaeaeaiiy ?iaeo Medicago
L. ca I.?. Aaaieiaei (1926, 1960, 1987) ? Ia?aaeiuei- oa
Na?aaeiueiaciaonueeee oeaio?e iioiaeaeaiiy eoeueoo?ieo ?ineei.
?icaeaath/e iaea? I.?. Aaaieiaa, I.I. AEoeianueeee (1968, 1971)
aeiaeaoeiai aeaeieea ua oae? naiino?ei? ina?aaeee iioiaeaeaiiy
eoeueoo?ieo ?ineei: Aano?aeienueeee, Iiaii/iiaia?eeainueeee i
?a?iiaenueei-Neai?nueeee. Inoaiiie c ieo, ca oaa?aeaeaiiyi I.I.
AEoeianueeiai, ? iaeiei ic oeaio?ia iioiaeaeaiiy aeayeeo aeaeia ?iaeo
Medicago L. Iaeaaaaooeie i?e?iaeieie iiniyie aaiioiiaeo ethoea?ie ia
aeoieo I.?. Iaaiiaa (1972-1975, 1980) oaeiae ? Na?aaeiueiaciaonueeee,
Ia?aaeiueiaciaonueeee oa ?a?iiaenueei-Neai?nueeee oeaio?e iioiaeaeaiiy
eoeueoo?ieo ?ineei. A?aoiaoth/e oa, ui Ia?aaeiueiaciaonueeee ina?aaeie
aeey aaaaoueio aeaeia ? iaeii/anii oeaio?ii iioiaeaeaiiy i oeaio?ii
aioaii/iiai ?iciiiaiiooy, iiaeia i?eionoeoe, ui aeaiee ina?aaeie, a
oi/iioa eiai Eaaeacnueeee ?aaiii, ? ?aeeiei ia?aeiiei oeaio?ii
iioiaeaeaiiy aaaaoi??/ieo ethoea?i, a oiio /enei i M. sativa L. A
ai?ao Eaaeaco eieaeiciaaia naia aaeeea aioaii/ia ?iciiiaiiooy aeaeia
?iaeo Medicago L., i?e/iio, ceiioeaio?iaaii ooo aeaee ?, a iniiaiiio,
aeeiei?aeieie, oiaoi aiie oieiaaiaoe/ii aieueo noa?iaeaaii, cieeath/i,
aaaaoi c yeeo aai iaia’yceiai aiaeaie, aai iathoue iaiaaeaiee a?aae.
Caiaene ethoea?ia iioe?eeanue aeae? a Acith, i?ci?oa i?iieeea o
Na?aaecaiiiii?’y, ia a?aanueeee Noiae, a Eeoae oa Iiaeith. Iioii aiia
oe?iei ?icnaeeeanue ii anie ?a?aci? i ia?aoioaoe ieaai, aeinyaea e?a?i
Iiaiai Naioo oa Ieaaii?. Aoiaeaeaiiy ethoea?ie a eoeueoo?o
caeienithaaeinue iieioieaoe/ii, oiaoi iaeii/anii ii aeaeieueeio
iacaeaaeieo iaeei aiae iaeiiai iai?yieao i oeieeii iiaeeeai, ui aia?oa
aiia aoea ieoeueoo?aia ia ia Eaaeaci, a aea-iaaooue a
Iiaaeaiii-Caoiaeiie aai a Na?aaeiie Aci?, a iiaeeeai i
iaeii/anii.

Oeaiioei?/ia oa?aeoa?enoeea ia?aeiieo ina?aaee?a c?inoaiiy oa oeyoe
i?a?aoe?? ?iaeo Medicago L. Iaeaeaaiioee oei oi?iaoe??, a yeiio
ethoea?ia ?icaeaaeanue ye aaaaoi?i/iee iacioieueiiai oeio, aeecueeee
aei “/aaa?ieeiaiai” noaio Oyiue-Oaith (Aaneeue/aiei E.O., 1940, 1949).
E?ii oiai, ethoea?ia aeieiai/ii oinii iia’ycaia c iayaiinoth aaiia o
a?oioi i oiio aaaaea?oueny, ui no/anii aeaee, yei ?icaeaathoueny ia
aaiiyeao oa i?iaeoeoao ?o ?oeioaaiiy, aieueo aeecueei aei ae?aaiio
oeiia ethoea?ie iiae, iai?eeeaae, aeaee “iiuaii”, yei c?inoathoue ia
eanao oa ii.

Aeacoth/e ia oeaiioeii/io i?eo?i/aiinoue aiaa?ii? aeeei? aeaeeoii?
ethoea?ie a Oaaeaeeeenoaii ?.O. Aaneeue/aiei (1987) cacia/a?, ui
aieiaiith iaeanoth ?? c?inoaiiy ? iiyn aea?aaii-/aaa?ieeiai? aai
?ica?ieii-/aaa?ieeiai? ?ineeiiinoi ia iiaaeii, aea aiia caoiaeeoue a
aa?oith /anoeio ciie aoaia?ii? ?ineeiiinoi, oiaoi aei aenioe i?eaeecii
aiae 1500 aei 2200-2400 i. Ooo oeae aeae iniaeeai iioe?aiee a i?e?iaeiio
?ineeiieo oa?oioaaiiyo i a iiniaao ?icieo iaiieeaieo eoeueoo?. sseui
?icaeyaeaoe ieoaiiy i?i iioe?aiiy oei?? aeeei?inoo/i? ethoea?ie, oi a
iaaeao Oaaeaeeeenoaio aaoi? aeaeiey? 4 iniiaieo ina?aaeee iioe?aiiy
aiaa?ii? aeaeeoii? ethoea?ie: 1) aina?nueeee, ?icoaoiaaiee ia
iiaaeaiieo noeeao Aina?nueeiai o?aaoa; 2) iiaaeaiii-caoiaeiee; 3)
oeaio?aeueiee; 4) ea?aoaaiinueeee. Ca ?yniinoth ca?inoae aeeei?
ethoea?ie aeaeiey?oueny ina?aaeie oeaio?aeueiiai Oaaeaeeeenoaio. Ooo
aeeea ethoea?ia aeinyaa? iniaeeai ?iceioiiai ?icaeoeo. Ia caoiaeieo
noeeao Oyiue-Oaith aeyaeaii aaeeea ?iciiiaiiooy aeaeeoii? ethoea?ie,
yea c?inoa? ooo a aeeei?inoo/iio noaii i cono?i/a?oueny a /aaa?ieeiaiio
noaio ia aenioi aiae 1000-1100 aei 1800-1900 i. Aei iaeanoae
iaaecae/aeiiai ?iciiiaiiooy aaaaoi?i/ieo ethoea?i (ic a?oie M.
sativa L.) iaeaaeaoue iiaii/ii-caoiaeii a?ae?iae Oyiue-Oainueei?
ai?nueei? nenoaie (Oaeanueeee Aeaoao, Ea?aoao). A oeie ciii
cono?i/a?oueny M. sativa L. a aeeei?inoo/iio noaii. Aaiethoeiy ?? oinii
iia’ycaia c aaiethoei?th iacioieueiiai yae?a aea?aaii-/aaa?ieeiai?
?ineeiiinoi. Iaeaieueo i?eiioeaieie (a ieaii noa?iaeaaiinoi, a ia
i?inoioe i?aaiicaoei?) oeiaie aeeei? M. sativa L. ?.O. Aaneeue/aiei
aaaaea? aeniei?inei e?oiiieaioeiai iacioieueii ?? oeie, iioe?aii a
Caoiaeiiio Oyiue-Oaii ia aiaee?eoeo eai’yieo noeeao i ca?inoyo
yeiaoeth, a oaeiae ii eai’yieo oa?anao. Aea/ath/e iioiaeaeaiiy ?iaeo
Medicago L. I.A. Eoeueoiania (1953) cacia/a?, ui a ?acoeueoaoi
aeei?enoaiiy aeieiai-inoi?e/iiai iaoiaeo iiaeia ae?eoe aei aeniiaeo i?i
oa, ui aeoiaeiei oeaio?ii ?icaeoeo aeaio ?iaeia, yei ?icaeaathoueny
ia?aeaeueii, Medicago L. i Trigonella L., iaiaoiaeii aaaaeaoe
eininoaiiai iaeanoi acienueeeo iaai?ue c ?o iacioieueieie oiiaaie
inioaaiiy. ?iae Trigonella L. aeiee ?aiioa Medicago L., oiio ui aeey
iueiai aiaeiii /aaa?ieeiai i iaiia/aaa?ieeiai oi?ie. Ethoea?ie oeio
Falcago – ianooiiee aoai oi?iiooai?aiiy. Na?aae ieo iaeaieueo iieiaeith
a?oiith ? aeaeeoiieaioeiai ethoea?ie, oeaio?ii ooai?aiiy yeeo aa?oi
aaaaeaoe iaai?’y Caoiaeiiai Oyiue-Oaith, Iaii?i-Aeath i Eaaeaco, a ia
Na?aaecaiiiii?’y. Naiith iieiaeith a?oiith ethoea?i i iaaeeoieeia ?
iaeii?i/ii ?o oi?ie, ui ?icaeaathoueny a iinooeeaeo oa ionoaeueieo
oiiaao, aieiaiei /eiii Noiaeiiai Na?aaecaiiiii?’y.

Ia ii/aoeo ieaenoioeaio (a iiaeeeai i ?aiioa – a eiioei ieiioeaio)
ae?aaii oeie oeueiai ?iaeo i?eeiaee o/anoue a caaaeueiiio iia?aoeieiiio
iioioei ia caoiae i iioe?eeenue aiae ai?nueeeo iaeanoae Na?aaeiuei? Aci?
aei Caoiaeii? ?a?iie aeeth/ii. Oeae iia?aoeieiee iioie noaa iiaeeeaei
caaaeyee cia/iiio iioieiaeaiith i caieueoaiith iinooeeainoi na?aaeiio
oe?io ?a?aci?, ui iaoiiaeei aeaa?aaeaoeith oaieiethaeai? oa
aieiaiethaeai? o?aoeiii? oei?e, /anoeiaa ia?aoai?aiiy ?? ia iinoei, a
oaeiae iiaeeeainoue oe?ieeo iia?aoeie ci noiaeo a neeo iiaaethaaiiy
eeiiaoe/ieo oiia iecueeiai?ieo (ia oie /an) i ?iaieiieo oa?eoi?ie, a
oaeiae aiaenooiinoue aaeeeeo ia?aoeiae oiceei-aaia?aoi/iiai ii?yaeeo ia
?a?acienueeie ?iaieii. Noaia oeeo iia?aoeie iieacaia a ?iaioao ?.I.
E?aoai?ii?eiaa (1928, 1937, 1939).

Eueiaeiaeeiaee ia?iiae (? iniaeeai ae?oaa iaeneiaeueia ceaaeaiiiiy)
aiin aaee/acii ciiie a ia?a?iciiaeie ia?ainieo ae?aaiio oi?i ethoea?ie,
yei ?icnaeeeeny a ?a?ac?? i aiie a oeae /an caciaee aeayei?
o?ainoi?iaoei?, ui i?iyaeeanue a ooai?aiii aoi?eiieo iinoeaaeo
ina?aaeeia aeaeiooai?aiiy. Iiae aieeaii oeueiai ceaaeaiiiiy ethoea?ia
aoea aiaenoiooa ia iiaaeaiue, aea, ia?aaaaeii iiae caoenoii iiaaeaiieo
ai?nueeeo o?aaoia aiia oo?eiaeanue o aeaeyaei cacia/aieo aeua aoi?eiieo
ina?aaeeia. Oea iaei iinoea a Aeueiao i Ea?iaoao, E?eio i ia Eaaeaci.
Iiaeeeai, iaeiae, ui ia?anoaaiiy ethoea?ie ia iiaaeaiue caeienithaaeinue
i ?aiioa iiae aieeaii ua ia?oiai ceaaeaiiiiy, i?ia?anoth/iai
iioieiaeaiiy eeiiaoo i caieueoaiiy eiai aieiainoi a aieueo iiaii/ieo
oe?ioao, aai, iaeiiaoeue, o ca’yceo ic caieueoaiiyi caeiniaiinoi iiaii/i
aaea ai?aaeueieie ii?iaeaie. Iayaiinoue niieueieo aeey ai?nueeiai E?eio
i Iaei? Ac?? aeaeia noeey? aei aeoiee i?i oa, ui ?o iiyaa a aeaieo
iaeanoyo aiaeaoeany aei aiaeie?aieaiiy aiae E?eio.

A Na?aaeiie Aci?, yea aoea aeineoue aiaeaeaeaia aiae nooeieueiiai
eueiaeiaeeiaiai iie?eao, ceaaeaiiiiy aeyaeeinue eeoa a oi?ii
“iethaiaeueii? oace” oa caieueoaiiyi eueiaeiaeeia o ai?ao, ui
noi?iaiaeaeoaaeinue caieueoaiiyi aieiainoi. Iiney aiaenooio
eueiaeiaeeiaiai iie?eao ooo ianoaea aieueo nooa oaca. Iaeiae, a ?aeiii
Oyiue-Oaith aieea iethaiaeueieo oac aoa iineaaeaiee, a aieea iinoeaaeo
eueiaeiaeeia aeyaeyany oieueee a ciiuaiii cii aeiieco, ui iieaaooaaei
iia?aoeith ethoea?ie, caaaeath/e ia aaeeeo ?iaieiiinoue ?aeueaoo. Aieueo
cia/ii ciiie ii/aeenue ooo o ca’yceo c iiaioiii iiaeiyooyi ai?
Na?aaeiuei? Aci? (i Eaoii?o), a oaeiae iineeaiiyi a?eaeiino? ee?iaoo a
iineyeueiaeiaeeiaee ia??iae. Ia oiii oeeo oiceei-aaia?aoi/ieo oiia i
aiaeaoaaeanue aaiethoeiy noa?iaeaaiuei? ethoea?ie a iaaeao Oyiue-Oaith
oa ?icnaeaiiy ?? a aeecueeeo aei iueiai iaeanoyo o oiniiio ca’yceo c
iioei eiiiiiaioii iinoeaaiai eininoaio -aea?aaii-/aaa?ieeiaith
?ineeiiinoth. ?icnaeaiiyi noa?iaeaaiuei? oyiueoainueei? ethoea?ie a
aei/aoaa?oeiiee (aai ?aiiuei/aoaa?oeiiee) /an iiaeia iiynieoe ??
i?iieeiaiiy a Eaoii?. Eaoii?nueeee ina?aaeie iiciioa aoa icieueiaaiee
aiae oyiueoainueeiai iiaeiyooyi ai?nueeeo iani Oyiue-Oaith i Iaii?o.

Oaeei /eiii, ia aeoieo ?.O. Aaneeue/aiea, inoi?iy iioiaeaeaiiy
ethoea?ie ia? oaeee aeaeyae. Aeieeiaiiy ?iaeo Medicago L. aiaeaoaaeiny a
Oyiueoainueeie ai?nueeie nenoaii. Aeey Oyiue-Oaith i i?eeaaeeo aei
iueiai iaeanoae oa?aeoa?iee neaaeee ?icaeoie oneeaaeiaieo aea?eaaoieo
oeiia i cia/ia ia?aaaaeaiiy aeaeia aieueo aeecueeeo aei
noa?iaeaaiueiai oeio ethoea?ie i?e aenieiio aiaeaiicii. I?aaeeiaee oei
ethoea?ie, yeee aeiee ia Oyiue-Oaii a ca’yceo c iinoeaaei (ieiioeaiiaei)
ceaaeaiiiiyi, ?icnaeeany acaeiaae o?aaoia Noiaeiiai Eacaonoaio ia
iiaii/ i iiaaeaiue (a Eaoii?), a iioii, a ia?iiae caaeaaei o?aoeiii?
oei?e a aeieueiaeiaeeiaee /an, iiae aieeaii i?ia?anoth/iai
ioieiaeaeaiiy – i a ?iaieiiie /anoeii ?a?aci? aei Caoiaeii? ?a?iie
aeeth/ii. O eueiaeiaeeiaee /an iaeaieueo ?icei ciiie aiaeaoaaeeny a
ia?iiae ae?oaiai, iaeneiaeueiiai ceaaeaiiiiy. A oeae /an ia aaeeeeo
i?inoi?ao o ?a?iii ethoea?ia aeia iiae aei?th eueiaeo, ui ianoaaany c
iiaii/i, a caeeoee ?? o aeaeiciiiaiiio aeaeyaei aiaeeeaeathoueny ia
iiaaeaiue – a ai?nueei nenoaie Aeuei, Ea?iao, Eaaeaco oa ii., aea aiie
ooai?ththoue aaaaoi aoi?eiii ina?aaeee oi?iiooai?aiiy.

Aaiethoeiy aiiii?oieiai/ieo no?oeoo? ?iaeo Medicago L. Iaeaieueo
i?eiioeaieie oa noa?iaeaaiiie oeiaie aeeei?inoo/i? ethoea?ie
aaaaeathoueny aeniei?inei e?oiiieaioeiai iacioieueii ?? oeie iioe?aii a
caoiaeiiio Oyiue-Oaii ia aiaee?eoeo eai’yienoeo noeeao na?aae
yeiaoeth, a oaeiae ii eai’yienoeo ?i/eiaeo oa?anao (E?aoaieiieeia E.I.,
1939; Aaneeue/aiei E.O., 1940). O aeaui aeaeiciiiaiiio aeaeyaei oei ae
oeie iioe?aii i ia aiaee?eoeo ai?aenoeo iaaee?i//yo oa aiaei?icaeieao
ia ae?iaiicaii ia aenioi aei 2000 (2200) i aea ?icaeaathoueny ?iceioii i
aa?aenoi ceaeiai-?iciio?aaii-ethoea?iiai eoee. Ca oeeo oiia (iniaeeai
ia eai’yienoeo ?i/eiaeo oa?anao i ia eai’yienoeo ?i/eiaeo noeeao)
ethoea?ia aeinyaa? eieinaeueieo ?icii?ia. Ooo ia?iaeei iiaeia ciaeoe
noa?i eoui, yei ia?aoiaothoue nioii noaaae i iathoue aeineoue ianeaii
ei?aii ci neeaaeii ?icaaeoaeaiith ei?aiaaith oeeeith. Ua /anoioa oei
eoui oaea ?iciaeenue i ooai?ththoue aaeeei ina?aaeee, yei canaiae/othoue
naith nii?iaeiaiinoue aeeaiaeaeiith noiaeinoth a caaa?aeaii eaioie i a
aaaaoaoeaieo iciaeao. Ia?oi aoaie ii?oieiai/ii? aaiethoei? ethoea?ie
iia’ycothoueny, i?e?iaeiuei, c ?icnaeaiiyi a iaaeao
aea?aaii-/aaa?ieeiai? ciie. Ooo ioia i?ioean aiaeai?o ?? oeiia,
i?enoiniaaieo aei ?iciiiaiioieo iinoeaaeo aeieiai/ieo oiia, ?acoeueoaoii
yeiai aoei aeieeiaiiy ?iciiaeaeiinoae. Aea iaaioue a iaaeao
aea?aaii-/aaa?ieeiai? ciie ia aeieyieao noaiiai? oei/aeiai-eiaeeiai?
?ineeiiinoi ethoea?ia i?iyaey? iiiioio aeai?anith i ?icaeaa?oueny o
aeaeyaei iniaeeai? oa nai??iaeii? iecueei?inei? ?iciiaeaeiinoi, yea
aiae?iciy?oueny neaaeei ieiaeiiioaiiyi. Iinoeyie, ia aieueo nooeo
aeieyieao, aiia i cianii ia ooai?th? ieiaeia. Iiaeaeueoa oa oniioia
i?inoaaiiy ?? aeiieco iiaei caeienithaaoenue eeoa caaaeyee yeiniei
ciiiai niaaeeiainoi, ciiiai aieueo aeeaieei, iiae oi, ui aiaeaoaaeenue
a aea?aaii-/aaa?ieeiaie ciii a iiaeiaieo aaia?aoi/ieo oa eeiiaoe/ieo
oiiaao, yei i?eaaee aei aiaeie?aieaiiy aeayeeo ?iciiaeaeiinoae.
Aiieiai/ii oea i?iyaeeinue a ena?ioioecaoei?, a ii?oieiai/ii a
ae?iaiieaioeiainoi oa ae?iaiiieiaeiinoi.

I?e iiaeaeueoiio i?inoaaiii aiec ethoea?ia iiiaaea? a oiiae ua aieueo
canooeeaiai eeiiaoo, a ?? aaiethoeiy iaaoaa? iniaeeaiai oa?aeoa?o. Ooo
aiia iiaea inioaaoe eeoa a oiiaao iinoieiiai caaacia/aiiy aieiaith,
aiaeiiaiaeii aei /iai aiia i cono?i/a?oueny oieueee acaeiaae a?eeia,
?i/ie, aiaeiei oa ii.

A.I. *aoia (1932) o?aeooaaa aeaee, ui iathoue noeniooi ieiaee ye
iioiaeii i oaei, ui ooai?ththoue a?/io aieeo, yea iioiaeeoue aiae
oeiiaeo o?eaiiaei?aeieo oeeeiiae?e/ieo ieiaeia. Aeaee c ieineaie
ieiaeaie aii aeeth/aa aei ?iaeo Medicago L.

?.I. Neinueea (1935) aenoioea oai?ith iinooiiai? aeioeii/ii?
aeeoa?aioeiaoei? M. sativa s.l. ic noaaeueiienueei? eeiiaoe/ii? ciie c
M. hemicycla – aeaeo ic niethniooeie, iaeaea ianii?aeueieie ieiaeaie aei
aeaeo ic nooiai eeiiaoo c iaeaiueeeie nii?aeueieie ieiaeaie –
M.caerulea. Aiia aeei?enoaea oeth oai?ith aeey iiyniaiiy iioiaeaeaiiy
Medicago L. ? Trigonella L. ic niieueii? ?iaeiai? eiii? aiaeiai/ii
Oe?y?ao.

Aaoi (Baum B., 1968) i?eionea?, o ca’yceo c oeei, ui iiaeiaiinoue o
oi?ii ieiaeia aeaeieueeio aeaeia Trigonella L. oa Medicago L.
aeieeea caaaeyee ia?aeaeueiie aaiethoei? aai eiiaa?aaioei?.

Cai?iiiiiaaii oai?i? aca?iica’yceia Medicago L. oa Trigonella L. ia
iiaeooue aooe iiaeoaa?aeaeaii iiyeeie aeaieie e?ii iiaeiaiinoi
ieiaeia. A?aoiaioii i?ioe oai?i? iiaeiaiinoi ieiaeia ? ?icoe?aia iniiaa
ia?aiiaeieo oe/eieiaeo ieoie. Iiaeia aaaaeaoe, ui oei oe/eieiai ieoee
aeacothoue ia i?eiioeaii iciaee, yei niinoa?iaaeeny ?aiioa o Medicago
L., a naia: aeaieieiaa ?icoaooaaiiy aiae?ioeath. Aieueia oe/eiea i
/ioe?e ?icoe?aii oe/eieiai ieoee ooai?ththoue iaeia eiei, a iyoue
ia?aiiaeieo oe/eieiaeo ieoie – ae?oaa eiei. O Trigonella L. oe/eieiai
ieoee iaeii?? oi?ie i iaia? aeaieo i?i inioaaiiy aeaio eie. C iioiai
aieo, ia iiaeia oieueee ia iiaenoaai ii?oieiai/ieo iciae aiai?eoe i?i
i?ia?aneaiinoue /e i?eiioeaiinoue o?eiiiaiaiai iaoaiicio. O?eiiiaiaee
iaoaiici iia aeieeiooe iacaeaaeii o aiaeiiaiaeue ia oene caieethaa/a.
Iaeiae, neeaaeiinoue oa iaeii?iaeiinoue eiai aoaeiae, ei?aeyoeiy c
iacaeaaeieie ii?oieiai/ieie iciaeaie iiaeoaa?aeaeothoue aeoieo i?i
oa, ui o?eiiiaiai eaioee aeieeee a iaeiie a?oii ?ineei, yea aaiaoe/ii
aoea aecia/aia ye Medicago L.

Oaei [1968] cacia/aea, ui iaeaieueo i?eiioeaiith oi?iith ieiaea a
o?eai Trifolieae (Fabaceae) ? eiiieia oi?ia. Aii cono?i/a?oueny o
Medicago s. str., Trigonella s. str. oa iaaeieaai?aeieo Trigonella,
aea, nei?ioa, ye aeiyoie. Aaeiei?aeii ieiaee (nii?aeueii cae?o/aii aai
na?iiaeaeii ciaiooi) ? oieueee o Medicago L. I?ioa, oey iciaea
oa?aeoa?ia /anoeiai i aeey Trigonella L. Aiia, i/aaeaeii, aaiethoeieii
eaaieueia, i?i ui naiae/eoue iayaiinoue o oaeeo aeaeia ye M. sativa oi?i
c i aac nii?aeueieo ieiaeia, a oaeiae cia/aiiy nii?aei ye caoenoo
i?ioe iaaieo eiiao (Planchais N., 1964; Small E., Brookes B., 1984).

Iiaa?oath/enue aei ieoaiiy i?i aeieeiaiiy o?eiiiaiaiai iaoaiicio neiae
cacia/eoe, ui iayaiinoue eiai a Trifolieae ia ? iiiioieaoe/iei.
Iaeaieueo oa?aeoa?iei i?eeeaaeii ia?aeaeueii? aaiethoei? iiaeiaiiai
iaoaiicio, i?eoaiaiiiai Medicago L. ? Corydalis lutea (L.) DC.
(Fumariaceae), eaioee yei? aeoaea iaaaaeothoue eaioee ethoea?ie.
Iaeiae, o?eiiiaiai eaioee ia iathoue aiaeiaia i iaoaiici iienaiee o
Medicago L. aeyaeaii oieueee o aeaeia, ui iiaeooue aooe aiaeianaii aei
Medicago L. ?acii c oei, cia/ia eieueeinoue oa?aeoa?ieo aeey o?eae
Trifolieae ?en ?ineei c o?eiiiaiaeie eaioeaie ?icaeioeanue a ?acoeueoaoi
ia?aeaeueii? (eiiaa?aaioii?) aaiethoei?.

AEAeIAEE NEEAAe OA NENOAIA ?IAeO MEDICAGO L. OEI?E OE?A?IE

Eiiniaeo ?iaeo Medicago L. oei?e Oe?a?ie. Iieiaeaiiy ?iaeo Medicago L.
a nenoaii ?ineeiiiai naioo ie ?icaeyaea?ii ca A.E. Oaooaaeaeyiii (1987).
I?e aeeeaaeaiii eiiniaeoo oei?e Oe?a?ie aoea aeei?enoaia nenoaia ?iaeo
Medicago L., cai?iiiiiaaiith Niieeii (Small E., Jomphe M., 1989). I?e
aecia/aiii aeaeiaiai neeaaeo oa neeaaeaii? e?aieiaeo a?aaeia iioe?aiiy
aeae?a ethoea?ie ia oa?eoi???

Oe?a?ie aeei?enoiaoaaee aeai? aeanieo iieueiaeo oei?enoe/ieo cai?ia,
aa?aa?i?a Aea?aeaaiiai Iieionueeiai aioaii/iiai naaeo OAAI, Iinoeoooo
aioaiiee IAI Oe?a?ie oa iaoa??aee eioa?aoo?ieo aeaea?ae.

O oei?? Oe?a?ie ca ooi/iaieie aeaieie oa c o?aooaaiiyi cai?iiiiiaaieo
oaeniiii?/ieo iiiaieeaoo?ieo eiia?iaoe?e iae?/o?oueny 24 aeaee. ?o
oaeniiii?/ia no?oeoo?a aeaeyaea? ianooiiei /eiii:

Genus Medicago L.

Section Medicago (Section Falcago (Reichenb.) Gren. & Godr.

1. M. sativa L. 2. M. glandulosa (Mert. et Koch) David

3. M. x varia T. Martyn 4. M. falcata L.

5. M. tenderiensis Opperm. ex Klok. 6. M. romanica Prod.

7. M. kotovii Wissjul. 8. M. rupestris Bieb.

9. M. saxatilis Bieb. 10. M. marina L.

Section Spirocarpos Ser.

Subsection Pachyspireae (Urb.) Heyn

11. M. agrestis Ten. 12. M. rigidula (L.) All.

Subsection Rotatae (Urb.) Heyn

13. M. scutellata (L.) Mill.

Subsection Leptospireae (Urb.) Heyn

14. M. minima (L.) Bartalini 15. M. meyeri Grun.

16. M. praecox DC. 17. M. denticulata Willd. 18. M. arabica (L.)
Huds.

Section Lupularia Ser. in DC.

19. M. lupulina L.

Section Orbiculares Urb.

20. M. orbicularis (L.) Bartalini

Section Platycarpae E. Small

21. M. cretacea Bieb.

Section Buceras (Ser.) E. Small

Subsection Erectae (Sirjaev) E. Small

22. M. fischeriana (Ser.) Trautv. 23. M. medicaginoides
(Retz.) E. Small

Subsection Reflexae (Sirjaev) E. Small

24. M. monspeliaca (L.) Trautv.

Ioaea, o oei?i Oe?a?ie iaei/o?oueny 24 aeaee ?iaeo Medicago L.; 11 ic
yeeo – aaaaoi?i/ieee, 9 – iaeii?i/ieee; 2 iiaeooue ?icaeaaoeny ye iaeii-
i aeai?i/ieee, 1 ye iaeii-, aeai- oa aaaaoi?i/iee i 1 ye iaeii- oa
aaaaoi?i/iee. 5 aeae?a ? aiaeaii/ieie, a 12 aeaeia ethoea?ie o oei?i
Oe?a?ie cono??/athoueny oieueee a E?eio.

No/ania nenoaia ?iaeo Medicago L. Aea/eaoe iaeaieiai?o? nenoaie ?iaeo
Medicago L. (Urban I., 1873; A?innaaei A.A., 1945; Neineay A.I., 1950,
1959; Heyn C., 1963; Tutin T., 1968; Lesins K., Lesins I., 1979;
Aaneeue/aiei E.O., 1987 oa ?i.), e?eoe/ii i?iaiae?coaaaoe iaoiaee ?
i?aeoiaee, ye? a ieo aeei?enoaii, acyaoe ca iniiao nenoaio Niieea
(Small E., Jomphe M., 1989) oa a?aoiaoth/e ?acoeueoaoe aeanieo
aeine?aeaeaiue ? oaeniiii?/ieo eiia?iaoe?e, ie i?iiiio?ii nenoaio ?iaeo
Medicago L. o oaeiio aeaeyae?:

Genus Medicago L.

Section Dendrotelis (Vass.) Lassen

1. M. arborea L. 2.M. strasseri Greuter, Mathas & Risse

Section Medicago

(Section Falcago (Reichenb.) Gren. & Godr.

3. M. sativa L. 3a. M. sativa var. viscosa (Reichenb.) Posp.

4. M. glandulosa (Mert. et Koch) David 5. M. glomerata Balb.

6. M. glutinosa Bieb. 7. M. tunetana (Murb.) Vass.

8. M. polychroa Grossh. 9. M. x varia T. Martyn

10. M. media Pers. 11. M. hemicycla Grossh.

12. M. falcata L. 13. M. quasifalcata Sinsk.

14. M. tenderiensis Opperm. ex Klok. 15. M. romanica Prod.

16. M. kotovii Wissjul. 17. M. caerulea Less. ex Ledeb.

18. M. papillosa Boiss. 18a. M. papillosa subsp. papillosa

18b. M. papillosa subsp. macrocarpa (Boiss.) Urban 19. M. prostrata
Jacq.

19a. M. prostrata subsp. pseudorupestris (Hayek) Mitsevski 20. M.
rupestris Bieb.

21. M. cancellata Bieb. 22. M. rhodopea Velen.

23. M. saxatilis Bieb. 24. M. daghestanica Rupr.

25. M. pironae Vis. 26. M. hybrida (Pourr.) Trautv.

27. M. suffruticosa Ramond ex DC 27a. M. suffruticosa subsp.
suffruticosa

27b. M. suffruticosa subsp. leiocarpa (Benth.) P. Fourn. 28. M. marina
L.

Section Carstiensae Kozukharov

29. M. carstiensis Wulf.

Section Spirocarpos Ser.

Subsection Pachyspireae (Urb.) Heyn

30. M. soleirolii Duby 31. M. italica (Mill.) Fiori

32. M. littoralis Rohde ex Lois. 33. M. truncatula Gaertn.

34. M. doliata Carmign. 35. M. turbinata (L.) All.

36. M. agrestis Ten. 37. M. rigidula (L.) All.

37a. M. rigidula var. agrestis (Ten.) Burnat 37b. M. rigidula var.
cinerascens (Jordan)

Rouy

37c. M. rigidula var. rigidula L. 38. M. constricta Durieu

39. M. lesinsii E. Small 40. M. murex Willd.

Subsection Rotatae (Urb.) Heyn

41. M. rugosa Desr. 42. M. scutellata (L.) Mill.

43. M. blancheana Boiss. 44. M. rotata Boiss.

45. M. noeana Boiss. 46. M. shepardii Post.

Subsection Intertextae (Urb.) Heyn

47. M. intertexta (L.) Mill. 48. M. ciliaris (L.) Krocker

49. M. muricoleptis Tin. 50. M. granadensis Willd.

Subsection Leptospireae (Urb.) Heyn

51. M. sauvagei Negre 52. M. laciniata (L.) Mill.

53. M. minima (L.) Bartalini 53a. M. minima var. brevispina Benth.

53b. M. minima var. minima L. 54. M. mejeri Grun.

55. M. praecox DC 56. M. coronata (L.) Bartalini

57. M. polymorpha L. 57a. M. polymorpha var. brevispina

(Benth.) Heyn

57b. M. polymorpha var. polymorpha L. 57c. M. polymorpha var.
vulgaris (Benth.)

Shinn

58. M. denticulata Willd. 59. M. laxispira Heyn

60. M. arabica (L.) Huds. 61. M. tenoreana Ser.

62. M. disciformis DC. 63. M. lanigera Winkl. & Fedtch.

Section Geocarpa E. Small

64. M. hypogaea E. Small

Section Lupularia Ser. in DC.

65. M. lupulina L. 66. M. secundiflora Durieu

Section Heynianae Greuter

67. M. heyniana Greuter

Section Orbiculares Urb.

68. M. orbicularis (L.) Bartalini

Section Hymenocarpos Ser.

69. M. radiata L.

Section Platycarpae E. Small

70. M. plicata (Boiss.) Sirjaev 71. M. platycarpa (L.) Trautv.

72. M. ruthenica (L.) Ledeb. 73. M. popovii (E.Kor.) Sirjaev

74. M. archiducis-nicolai Sirjaev 75. M. edeworthii Sirjaev

76. M. cretacea Bieb. 77. M. ovalis (Boiss.) Sirjaev

Section Lunatae (Boiss.) E. Small

78. M. rostrata (Boiss. & Bal.) E. Small 79. M. biflora (Griseb.) E.
Small

80. M. brachicarpa Bieb. 81. M. huberi E. Small

Section Buceras (Ser.) E. Small

Subsection Erectae (Sirjaev) E. Small

82. M. astroites (Fisch. & Mey.) Trautv. 83. M. halophila (Boiss.) E.
Small

84. M. arenicola (Huber-Mor.) E. Small 85. M. heldreichii (Boiss.) E.
Small

86. M. phrygia (Boiss. & Bal.) E. Small 87. M. fischeriana (Ser.)
Trautv.

88. M. persica (Boiss.) E. Small 89. M. medicaginoides (Retz.) E. Small

90. M. rigida (Boiss. & Bal.) E. Small 91. M. crassipes (Boiss.) E.
Small

92. M. pamphylica (Huber-Morath & Sirjaev) 93. M. carica (Huber-Morath)
E. Small

E. Small

94. M. monantha (C. A. Mey.) Trautv. 95. M. orthoceras (Kar. & Kir.)
Trautv.

96. M. polyceratia (L.) Trautv.

Subsection Deflexae (Sirjaev) E. Small

97. M. retrosa (Boiss.) E. Small

Subsection Reflexae (Sirjaev) E. Small

98. M. monspeliaca (L.) Trautv.

Subsection Isthmocarpae (Boiss.) E. Small

99. M. rhytidiocarpa (Boiss. & Bal.) E. Small 100. M. isthmocarpa
(Boiss. & Bal.) E.

Small

Ioaea, a iaaeao ?iaeo Medicago L. ie aeae?ey?ii 12 naeoe?e, 8
i?aenaeoe?e, 100 aeae?a, 5 i?aeaeae?a oa 9 ??ciiaeaeiinoae.

A E N I I A E E

?icaeiooa a aeena?oaoe?? eiioeaioe?y oaeniiii?/ii? no?oeoo?e, oeaio??a
iioiaeaeaiiy ? o?eiaaiaoe/ieo aca?iica’yce?a ?iaeo Medicago L. aea?
iiaeeea?noue c?iaeoe oae? aeniiaee:

1. Cai?iiiiiaaia ooi/iaia iaie caaaeueia nenoaia ?iaeo Medicago L. ia?
oaeo no?oeoo?o ? e?euee?nio oa?aeoa?enoeeo: 12 naeoe?e [Dendrotelis
(Vass.) Lassen, Medicago (Falcago (Reichenb.) Gren. & Godr., Carstiense
Kozukharov, Spirocarpos Ser., Geocarpa E. Small, Lupularia Ser.,
Heynianae Greuter, Orbiculares Urb., Hymenocarpos Ser., Platycarpae E.
Small, Lunatae (Boiss.) E. Small, Buceras (Ser.) E. Small], 8
i?aenaeoe?e [Pachyspireae (Urb.), Rotatae (Urb.) Heyn, Intertextae
(Urb.) Heyn, Leptospireae (Urb.) Heyn, Erectae (Sirjaev) E. Small,
Deflexae (Sirjaev) E. Small, Reflexae (Sirjaev) E. Small, Isthmocarpae
(Boiss.) E. Small], 100 aeae?a, 5 i?aeaeae?a oa 9 ??ciiaeaeiinoae.

2. Anoaiiaeaii, ui o oei?? Oe?a?ie ??ae Medicago L. ia?aoiao? 24 aeaee,
yei a?aeianai? aei 6 naeoe?e. Ca a?ieiai-ii?oieia?/ieie ia?aiao?aie –
oea 11 aeae?a aaaaoi??/ieee, 9 – iaeii??/ieee, 2 iiaeooue ?icaeaaoenue
ye iaeii??/ieee ? aeai??/ieee, 1 – ye iaeii??/iee ? aaaaoi??/iee ? 1 ye
iaeii??/iee, aeai??/iee oa aaaaoi??/iee. M. agrestis Ten., M. arabica
(L.) Huds., M. cretacea Bieb., M. denticulata Willd., M. fischeriana
(Ser.) Trautv., M. glandulosa (Mert. et Koch) David, M. marina L., M.
medicaginoides (Retz.) E. Small, M. praecox DC., M. rupestris Bieb., M.
saxatilis Bieb. iioe?ai? eeoa a E?eio. M. cretacea Bieb., M. kotovii
Wissjul., M. rupestris Bieb., M. saxatilis Bieb. oa M.tenderiensis
Opperm. ex Klok. ? aiaeai?/ieie aeaeaie.

3. Aeyaeai? caeiiii??iino? iioe?aiiy ? aaiaoe/i? oeaio?e iioiaeaeaiiy
?iaeo Medicago L. Aaiaoe/ieie oeaio?aie iioiaeaeaiiy ?iaeo ?
Ia?aaeiueiac?aonueeee, Na?aaeiueiac?aonueeee oa ?a?iiaenueei-Nea??nueeee
oeaio?e. Ia?aaeiueiac?aonueeee aaiaoe/iee oeaio? ? ia?aeiiei oeaio?ii
iioiaeaeaiiy aaaaoi??/ii? ethoea?ie, ca?aeee aiia iioe?eeanue a
Na?aaeith Ac?th, Na?aaecaiiiii?’y, Aeecueeee No?ae, ?iae?th, Eeoae,
?icnaeeeanue ii an?e ?a?ac??. Na?aaeiueiac?aonueeee oeaio? ? ia?aeiiei ?
iniiaiei aaioeaio?ii iioiaeaeaiiy oa oi?ioaaiiy iaeii??/ieo aeae?a
ethoea?ie. ?acii c oei, aaaeeeaeie ina?aaeeaie aioai?/iiai ??ciiiai?ooy
iaeii??/ieo aeae?a ? Na?aaecaiiiii?nueeee oa Aano?ae?enueeee oeaio?e.

?a?iiaenueei-Nea??nueeee oeaio? ? ia?aaaaeii aoi?eiiei oeaio?ii
oi?ioaaiiy aaaaoi??/ieo ethoea?i, aea aeey aeayeeo c ieo a?i ? ia?aeiiei
aaiaoe/iei ina?aaeeii, a eiai E?einueeee ?aa?ii, yeee aeecueei
iia’ycaiee c Ia?aaeiueiac?aonueeei oa Na?aaecaiiiii?nueeei oeaio?aie, ?
ina?aaeeii oi?ioaaiiy oa aioai?/iiai ??ciiiai?ooy iaeii??/ieo aeae?a.

4. Ia iniia? canoinoaaiiy iiaeo, oa e?eoe/iiai aiae?co o?aaeeoe?eieo
ae?aaiinoe/ieo iciae, iaie aianai? ooi/iaiiy uiaei nii??aeiaiino? oa
naiino?eiino? ?iae?a Medicago L. i Trigonella L., ye? ne?ae ?icayaeaoe
ye oe?e?ni? ie?ai? i?e?iaei? oaeniie ia ??ai? ?iae?a.

5. Ooi/iai? ? aeiiiaiai? ae?aaiinoe/i? iciaee ? oa?aeoa?enoeee aeae?a
?iaeo Medicago L., ui aea? ciiao a?eueo iiaii ? a?aoiaioiaaii
aeeoa?aioe?thaaoe ye aeecuee? ?iaee Medicago L. i Trigonella L., oae ?
ie?ai? aeaee.

6. Aia?oa i?iaaaeaii aea/aiiy iae?iiii?oieia?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee
i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeo Medicago L. oei?e Oe?a?ie. Anoaiiaeaii, ui ?o ieeie
ia? 3 – ai?icii-ii?iao oi?io, ca aeeeth/aiiyi M. glomerata Balbis, o
yei? ieeie 6-ai?iciee. Aeey a?eueoino? iaeii??/ieo aeae?a oa?aeoa?ia
n?o/anoa oa ia?oi?iaaia oi?ia iiaa?oi? ieeeiaiai ca?ia, a aeey
aaaaoi??/ieo aeae?a – ae??aiiia?oi?iaaiee oei iiaa?oi? ieeeiaiai ca?ia.
O ie?aieo i?aaenoaaiee?a aeyaeaii iaaeiie?eai? aeaiaioe (i?e?ia?aioee).
Ii?oiiao?e/i? iciaee ieeeo i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeo Medicago L.
a?ae??ciythoueny a?ae ?iaeo Trigonella L., aea ia iano?eueee, uia oey
iciaea aoea ae??oaeueiith aeey ?o oaeniiii?/iiai ?iciaaeoaaiiy ia
?iaeiaiio ??ai?.

7. Cai?iiiiiaaia iiaa oi?aa?naeueia iaoiaeeea iaea?aeaiiy oa
aeei?enoaiiy iciae a?eeiaeo oaiioei?a aeey aeeoa?aioe?aoe??
a?aei?iiinoae iaae?iaeiaeo ? aioo??oiuei?iaeiaeo oaenii?a. Cie?aia, ia
i?aenoaa? aea/aiiy a?eeiaeo oaiioei?a ie i?iiiio?ii ?icaeyaeaoe ?iaee
Medicago L. i Trigonella L. ye oe?eeii naiino?ei? ? ie?ai? ?c
niaoeeo?/ieie aeey eiaeiiai c ieo a?eeiaeie oaiioeiaie ? no?oeoo?ith
ieeeiaeo ca?ai.

8. Aiae?c ii?oieia?/ieo, a?io?i?/ieo ? iae?iieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae
ie?aieo i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeo Medicago L. i?aeoaa?aeea iaiao?aei?noue
aeae?eeoe a iaaeao aeaeo M. polymorpha L. oae? ??ciiaeaeiino?: M.
polymorpha var. brevispina (Benth.) Heyn, M. polymorpha var. polymorpha
L. oa M. polymorpha var. vulgaris (Benth.) Shinn.; a iaaeao aeaeo M.
rigidula (L.) All. – M. rigidula var. agrestis (Ten.) Burnat, M.
rigidula var. cinerascens (Jordan) Rouy, M. rigidula var. rigidula (L.)
All.; a iaaeao aeaeo M. minima (L.) Bartal. – M. minima var. brevispina
Benth. i M. minima var. minima L. oa iaaeioe?euei?noue aeae?eaiiy
??ciiaeaeiinoae o M. orbicularis (L.) Bartal. Oe? ae aeai? aeathoue
i?aenoaae noaa?aeaeoaaoe, ui M. caerulea Less. ex Ledeb., M. denticulata
Willd., M. falcata L., M. glandulosa (Mert. et Koch) David, M. hemicycla
Grossh., M. media Pers., M. polychroa Grossh., M. quasifalcata Sinsk.,
M. tunetana (Murb.) Vass. oa M. x varia T. Martyn ? naiino?eieie
oaeniiaie aeaeiaiai ?aiao.

9. I?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacaee, ui i?e aecia/aii? nooiaiy
aaiethoe?eiiai ?icaeoeo oaenii?a iiaea aooe aeei?enoaia oaea
ia?niaeoeaia iciaea, ye iane/ai?noue a?eeiaiai aeaeo?ioi?aoe/iiai
niaeo?o caianieo a?ee?a ian?iiy aenieiiieaeoey?ieie oa
iecueeiiieaeoey?ieie o?aeoe?yie. Ia i?aenoaa? oeeo iciae ooi/iaia noaia
aaiethoe?? aaaaoi??/ieo aeae?a oa aecia/aii aaiethoe?ei? ni?aa?aeiioaiiy
iaeii??/ieo aeae?a ?iaeo Medicago L.

10. Oi?ieia?/iee aiae?c oa iaaaaeai? e?aieia? ea?oe a?aae?a
i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeo Medicago L. oei?e Oe?a?ie na?ae/eoue i?i oa, ui ?o
ia?aaaaeia a?eueo?noue oyae?? aei i?aaeaiii? /anoeie oa E?eio a ?o a?aae
a iaaeao Oe?a?ie coi?ioaaany, i/aaeaeii, a i?ioean? i?a?aoe?? aeae?a ?c
Na?aaeii? oa Ia?aaeiuei? Ac?? aei Na?aaecaiiiii?’y oa Cao?aeii? ?a?iie.

NIENIE IAOEIAEO ?IA?O, IIOAE?EIAAIEO CA OAIITH AeENA?OAOe??.

1. Ieaeth?a I.?. ??ae Medicago L. (Fabaceae) o oei?? Oe?a?ie (nenoaia,
iae?iieia?y, oaiinenoaiaoeea). – E.: Aa?a?ia iaoea. – 1998. – 76 n.

2. Iuaeth?a A.E. Iiueaiea ethoea?iu iinaaiie (Medicago sativa L.) ia
thaa Oe?aeiu (Ee?iaia?aaeneay iaeanoue) // I?iaeaiu iauae e iieaeoey?iie
aeieiaee. – E.: “Aeua oeiea”. – 1983.- A. 2. – N. 97–101.

3. Ieaeth?a I.?. Ii?oiaaiac ethoea?ie iin?aii? Medicago sativa L., ui
c?inoa? ia i?aaei? Oe?a?ie // Oe?a?inueeee aioai?/iee aeo?iae. – 1984. –
?6. – N. 34–36.

4. *iiee A.E., Iuaeth?a A.E Aeaeiaie ninoaa ni?iyeia iinaaia ethoea?iu
// I?iaeaiu iauae e iieaeoey?iie aeieiaee. – E.: “Aeua oeiea”. – 1984. –
A. 3. – N. 121–125.

5. Iuaeth?a A.E. E?aoeee iaci? iniiaiuo nenoai ?iaea Medicago
(Fabaceae) // I?iaeaiu iauae e iieaeoey?iie aeieiaee. – E.: “Aeua
oeiea”. – 1988. – A. 7. – N. 20–23.

6. Iuaeth?a A.E., Aeneoineee I.I. Aeeyiea yeieiae/aneeo oneiaee ia
oi?ie?iaaiea iinaaiuo naienoa naiyi ethoea?iu // Eioaineaiay oaoiieiaey
au?aueaaiey ei?iiauo eoeueoo?. – E.: Ecae-ai ONOA. – 1990. – N. 49-54.

7. Iuaeth?a A.E., Aeneoineee I.I. Eniieueciaaiea iaoiaeia
iaoaiaoe/aneiai iiaeaee?iaaiey aeey io?aiu aaiioiiaea eoeueoo?iuo e
aeeei?anooueo ?anoaiee // Eco/aiea ?anoeoaeueiiai ie?a ONN? e aai io?aia
a oneiaeyo eioaineoeeaoeee naeueneiai e eaniiai oicyenoaa. – E.: Ecae-ai
ONOA. – 1992. – N. 40-45.

8. Ieaeth?a I.?. Aeei?enoaiiy iciae ieiae?a a nenoaiaoeoe? ?iaeo
Medicago L. // I?iaeaie aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno Ea?iao. – A.Aaeoa. –
1994. – A. 3. – N. 120–125.

9. Ieaeth?a I.?., Iiia?aey O.I. Aeaeo?ioi?aoe/ia aea/aiiy caianieo
a?ee?a ian?iiy i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeo Medicago L. // Iaoeiaee a?niee
Oaeai?iaenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo. – Oaeai?iae. – 1995. – ?2. –
N. 129–130.

10. Ieaeth?a I.?. Ii?oieia?y ea?oee a oaeniiii?? o?eae Trifolieae
(Fabaceae) // Oe?a?inueeee aioai?/iee aeo?iae. – 1996. – ?1-2. – N.
97–104.

11. Ieaeth?a I.?. Aeei?enoaiiy a?io?i?/ieo iciae aeey aecia/aiiy
iai?yie?a aaiethoe?? ?iaeo Medicago L. // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue
?inoeoooo caiea?ianoaa OAAI. – E., – 1997. – A. . – N. 195–197.

12. Ieaeth?a I.?. Aecia/aiiy aaiethoe?eii? iiaeaeiooino? iaeii??/ieo
aeae?a ?iaeo Medicago L. ia i?aenoaa? a?io?i?/ieo e?eoa???a // Ca??iee
iaoeiaeo i?aoeue ?inoeoooo caiea?ianoaa OAAI. – E., – 1997. – A. 1. – N.
208–210.

13. Ieaeth?a I.?., sseoaaiei A.?., Aaneethe E.I. Aaiethoe?y
a?iii?oieia?/ieo no?oeoo? ?iaeo Medicago L. // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue
?inoeoooo caiea?ianoaa OAAI. – E., – 1997. – A. 1. – C. 157–160.

14. Ieaeth?a I.?. Aaiaoe/i? oeaio?e iioiaeaeaiiy ?iaeo Medicago L. //
Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue ?inoeoooo caiea?ianoaa OAAI. – E., – 1998. – A.
1. – N. 133–138.

15. Ieaeth?a I.?., Iiia?aey O.I. Aeaeo?ioi?ac caianieo a?ee?a Medicago
L. // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue ?inoeoooo caiea?ianoaa OAAI. – E., –
1998. – A. 2. – N. 229–233.

16. Ieaeth?a I.?. Canoinoaaiiy iae?iiii?oieia?/ieo iciae a nenoaiaoeoe?
?iaeo Medicago L. // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue ?inoeoooo caiea?ianoaa
OAAI. – E., – 1998. – A. 2. – N. 184–187.

17. Ieaeth?a I.?. Aeaeiaee neeaae aaaaoi??/ieo aeae?a ?iaeo Medicago L.
oei?e Oe?a?ie // Iaoeiaee a?niee IAO. – E., 1998. – A. 4. N. 33–39.

18. Ieaeth?a I.?. No/ania nenoaia ?iaeo Medicago L. // Iaoeiaee a?niee
IAO. – E., 1998. – A. 4. N. 39–41.

19. Ieaeth?a I.?. Iie?ii?o?ci a?ee?a ethoea?ie // Caoeno ?ineei. – 1998.
– ?9. – N. 12.

20. Ieaeth?a I.?. Ethoea?ia ueoeiaeaeia (Medicago scutellata (L.)
Miller) – ia?niaeoeaia ei?iiaa ?ineeia // A?niee aa?a?ii? iaoee. – 1998.
– ?9. – N. 18. 21. Ieaeth?a I.?. Ethoea?ia oiaeaaeaeia (Medicago
lupulina L.) – iiaa aeaea?aei iiiiaiaiiy ei?iiaeo ?ano?n?a // Caoeno
?ineei. – 1998. – ?11. – N. 17.

22. Ieaeth?a I.?. Oaeniiii?/ia no?oeoo?a aeayeeo aaaaoi??/ieo aeae?a
?iaeo Medicago L. // Caoeno ?ineei. – 1998. – ?12. – N. 8.

23. Ieaeth?a I.?. Oaiinenoaiaoe/ia aea/aiiy ethoea?ie. // A?niee
aa?a?ii? iaoee. – 1998. – ?12. – N. 24-25.

24. Ieaeth?a I.?. Aioo??oiueiaeaeiaa oaeniiii?y Medicago polymorpha //
Atheeaoaiue ?inoeoooo n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?e?ia?ieia??. – 1998. –
?3. – N. 36.

25. Ieaeth?a I.?. Nenoaiaoe/ia iieiaeaiiy Medicago sativa oa Medicago
tunetana // Atheeaoaiue ?inoeoooo n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei?
i?e?ia?ieia??. – 1998. – ?3. – N. 35.

26. sseoaaiei A.?., Ieaeth?a I.?., Aaneethe I.I., Aaneethe E.I.,
sseoaaiei I.A. No/aniee noai oa ia?niaeoeae iie?ioaiiy i?e?iaeieo
ei?iiaeo oa?aeue E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue
Oiainueei? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? aeaaeai??. – Oiaiue, 1998. – *. 1.
– N. 162–172.

27. Ieaeth?a I.?. Iniaeeaino? aoaeiae ieeeo aeae?a ?iaeo Medicago L. i
Trigonella L. oa ?o oaeniiii?/ia cia/aiiy // A?niee i?iaeai a?ieia?? ?
iaaeeoeeie. – 1999. – ?4. – N. 82-85.

28. Ieaeth?a I.?. Iia? e?eoa??? aecia/aiiy nooiaiy aaiethoe?eiiai
?icaeoeo aeae?a ?iaeo Medicago L. // A?niee i?iaeai a?ieia?? ?
iaaeeoeeie. – 1999. – ?4. – N. 43-46.

29. Ieaeth?a I.?. Aeni?an-iaoiae aeaeo?ioi?aco caianieo a?ee?a ian?iiy
i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iae?a Medicago L. oa Trigonella L. // A?niee aa?a?ii?
iaoee. – 1999. – ?2. – N. 36.

30. Ieaeth?a I.?. Aieea oiia caa??aaiiy ia aeeoo?caeaoi?noue ian?iiy
ethoea?ie // Oace aeiiia?aeae iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ii? eiioa?aioe?? “Iaoeia?
?ic?iaee aa?ii?iieneiaiio eiiieaeno”. – Ieaei? Ai?ioa. – 1993. – N. 97.

31. Ieaeth?a I.?. Nenoaiaoe/iee ? a?iii?oieia?/iee aiae?c ao?’yi?a
iin?a?a ethoea?ie // Oace aeiiia?aeae iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ii? eiioa?aioe??
“Iaoeia? ?ic?iaee aa?ii?iieneiaiio eiiieaeno”. – Ieaei? Ai?ioa. – 1993.
– N. 89.

32. Ieaeth?a I.?. Cia/aiiy ian?ii?aeo iciae a oaeniiii?? Medicago i
Trigonella // Oace aeiiia?aeae eiioa?aioe?? “Iaoeia? iniiae aaaeaiiy
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa Oe?a?ie a no/anieo oiiaao”. – *aaaie. – 1994.
– *. 2. – N. 136.

33. Ieaeth?a I.?. Aeei?enoaiiy ii?oieia?/ieo iciae a nenoaiaoeoe? ?iaeo
Medicago L. // Iaoa??aee aeiiia?aeae iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe?? IAO “I?iaeaie
aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno: iiooe, aeinyaiaiiy.”. ” E. – 1994. – N. 96.

AIIOAOe??

Ieaeth?a I.?. ??ae Medicago L. (Fabaceae) o oei?? Oe?a?ie. – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a a?ieia?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 03.00.05 – aioai?ea. – Aea?aeaaiee I?e?onueeee
aioai?/iee naae OAAI, sseoa, 1999.

Aeena?oaoe?y ? iiiia?ao?/iei aea/aiiyi i?aaenoaaiee?a ?iaeo Medicago L.
oei?e Oe?a?ie ?c canoinoaaiiyi e?eoeei-nenoaiaoe/iiai aiae?co ?nioth/eo
nenoai ?iaeo oa ocaaeueiaiiy a?aeiiinoae i?i aaiaoe/i? oeaio?e
iioiaeaeaiiy, caeiiii??iino? iioe?aiiy, ?o aeaeiaee neeaae oa
oi?ieia?th. Aia?oa iaaaaeaii ?acoeueoaoe iae?iiii?oieia?/iiai aea/aiiy
aeae?a ?iaeo ca aeiiiiiaith neaioth/iai aeaeo?iiiiai i?e?ineiia oa
i?iaiae?ciaaii ?o cia/aiiy ye nenoaiaoe/ii? iciaee. A aeena?oaoe??
i?aaenoaaeaii i?ea?iaeueio iaoiaeeeo o?aeoe?iioaaiiy a?ee?a a
iie?ae?eeai?aeiiio aae? ? aecia/aii ia?niaeoeaiee iai?yiie
oaeniiii?/iiai oa aaiethoe?eiiai aea/aiiy ?iaeo Medicago L., yeee
a?oioo?oueny ia eiioeaioe?? canoinoaaiiy caianieo a?ee?a ian?iiy ye
iieaeoey?ii-aaiaoe/ieo ia?ea??a. Aeei?enoai? ae?aaiinoe/i? iciaee
aeicaieeee ae??oeoe i?iaeaio ?iciaaeoaaiiy c aaiaoe/ii aeecueeeie
?iaeaie o?eae Trifolieae, a oaeiae a?eueo aeinoia??ii aecia/eoe
oaeniiii?/io no?oeoo?o ?iaeo. Cai?iiiiiaaii iiaee e?eoa??e nooiaiy
aaiethoe?eiiai ?icaeoeo ia iniia? yeiai aoei aecia/aii iai?yiee
aaiethoe?? iaeii??/ieo aeae?a oa ooi/iaii noaio aaiethoe?? aaaaoi??/ieo
aeae?a. Ia i?aenoaa? ?acoeueoao?a aeanieo aeine?aeaeaiue ooi/iaii
aeaeiaee neeaae, cae?eniaii nenoaiaoe/i? eiia?iaoe?? oa cai?iiiiiaaii
no/anio nenoaio ?iaeo Medicago L.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: ??ae Medicago L., oei?a Oe?a?ie, nenoaia, oi?ieia?y,
iae?iieia?y, oaiinenoaiaoeea, aaiethoe?y

Pydjura A.I. Medicago L. (Fabaceae) species in Ukrainian flora.
Manuscript.

Thesis for a doctor’s degree by speciality 03.00.05 – botany. – State
Nikitsky Botanical Garden of Ukrainian Agrarian Academy of Sciences,
Yalta, 1999.

Dissertation presents a monographic study of Medicago L. species
representatives of Ukrainian flora with the use of critical-systematic
analysis of species existing systems and generalization of data on the
genetic centers of origin, regularity of spreading, species composition
and chorology. For the first time information on palynomorphological
studies with the help of scanning electronic microscope is presented and
the significance of this information for systematics is discussed.
Original methodics of protein fractioning in polyacrylamid gel are
presented in the dissertation and a perspective direction of tacsonomic
and evolution study of Medicago L. species is defined which is based on
the concept of using reserve seed protein as molecular-genetic markers.
Used diagnostic signs allowed to solve the problem of demarcation with
genetically close species tribe Trifolieae and to define tacsonomic
species structure more reliably. A new criterion of evolution level
development is proposed on the basis of which the directions of
evolution of annual species were defined and the evolution scheme of
perennial species was made more precise. Based on the results of own
studies specious composition is made more precise, systematic
combinations are made and modern system of Medicago L. species is
offered.

Key words: Medicago L., Ukrainian flora, system, chorology,
palynomorphology, chemosystematics, evolution.

Iuaeth?a A.E. ?iae Medicago L. (Fabaceae) ai oei?a Oe?aeiu. – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/?iie noaiaie aeieoi?a aeieiae/aneeo iaoe ii
niaoeeaeueiinoe 03.00.05 – aioaieea. – Ainoaea?noaaiiue Ieeeoneee
aioaie/aneee naae OAAI, sseoa, 1999.

Aeenna?oaoeey yaeyaony iiiia?aoe/aneei eco/aieai i?aaenoaaeoaeae ?iaea
Medicago L. oei?u Oe?aeiu ia iniiaa e?eoeei-nenoaiaoe/aneiai aiaeeca e
iaiauaiiuo naaaeaiee i aaiaoe/aneeo oeaio?ao i?ienoiaeaeaiey,
caeiiiia?iinoyo ?ani?ino?aiaiey, aeaeiaii ninoaaa e oi?ieiaee. Aia?aua
i?eaaaeaiu iaoa?eaeu iaeeiiii?oieiae/aneeo enneaaeiaaiee n iiiiuueth
neaie?othuaai yeaeo?iiiiai iee?ineiia e ianoaeaeaaony eo cia/aiea aeey
nenoaiaoeee. I?e yoii auei onoaiiaeaii, /oi o i?aaenoaaeoaeae ?iaea
Medicago L. iueueoeaaua ca?ia o?eai?icaeiai oeia (ca eneeth/aieai M.
glomerata, o eioi?ie iueueoeaaua ca?ia oanoeai?icaeua), a no?oeoo?a
iiaa?oiinoe iiaeao auoue a?aioey?iie, ia?oi?e?iaaiie e nao/aoie. O
aieueoeinoaa iaeiieaoieo aeaeia iia nao/aoay. Aeey iiiaieaoieo aeaeia
oa?aeoa?ia iaeeiia?oi?e?iaaiiay no?oeoo?a iiaa?oiinoe, a o ioaeaeueiuo
i?aaenoaaeoaeae (M. kotovii Wissjul., M. polychroa Grossh., M. rupestris
Bieb., M. sativa L., M. tenderiensis Opperm. ex Klok. oa M. x varia T.
Martyn) auyaeaiu iaaeiie?iaiua yeaiaiou – iee?ia?aioeu. Onoaiiaeaiu,
oaeaea, ioee/eoaeueiua iniaaiiinoe a no?iaiee iueueoeu n aaiaoe/anee
aeeceei ?iaeii Trigonella L. Yoe i?eciaee auee eniieueciaaiu oaeaea aeey
?aoaiey oaeniiiie/aneeo cao?oaeiaiee i?e eco/aiee aeaeia ?iaea Medicago
L., eae oei?u Oe?aeiu, oae e ae?oaeo ?aaeiiia. Iaeiaei, i?eiaiaiea yoie
a?oiiu i?eciaeia oeaeaniia?acii a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue i?e ?acaeaeaiee
oaeniiia aieaa aunieiai o?iaiy, a aeey aeaeiaiai e aioo?eaeaeiaiai
o?iaiy eo i?eiaiaiea aeaeaoaeueii a eiiieaena n ae?oaeie i?eciaeaie. A
aeenna?oaoeee eceiaeaia i?eaeiaeueiay iaoiaeeea o?aeoeeiie?iaaiey aaeeia
a iieeae?eeaieaeiii aaea iicaieythuay auyaeoue eo iieeii?oeci o
?acee/iuo oaeniiia e ii?aaeaeaii iiaia iai?aaeaiea oaeniiiie/aneiai e
yaiethoeeiiiiai eco/aiey ?iaea Medicago L., eioi?ia aace?oaony ia
eiioeaioeee eniieueciaaiey caianiuo aaeeia naiyi eae
iieaeoey?ii-aaiaoe/aneeo ia?ea?ia. Eniieuecoaiua aeeaaiinoe/aneea
i?eciaee aaeeiauo oaiioeiia caianiuo aaeeia naiyi iicaieeee ?acaeaeeoue
aeaeu ?iaea n aaiaoe/anee aeeceeie ?iaeaie o?eau Trifolieae, a oaeaea
aieaa aeinoiaa?ii ii?aaeaeeoue aioo?e?iaeiaoth oaeniiiie/aneoth
no?oeoo?o. Aeaiae?ia?aiia oaeniiiie/aneie no?oeoo?u iaeiieaoieo aeaeia,
iino?iaiiay ia iniiaaiee eniieueciaaiey 183 i?eciaeia aaeeiauo oaiioeiia
iiaeoaa?aeeea iaiaoiaeeiinoue auaeaeaiey naeoeee Lupularia, a oaeaea
?aciauaiea M. orbicularis e M. scutellata a ?aciuo naeoeeyo (eae yoi
aeaeatho O?aai e Niiee a ioee/ee io E.O. Aaneeue/aiea). E?iia oiai, auee
iieo/aiu ?acoeueoaou, eioi?ua iiaeoaa?aeaeatho auaeaeaiea M. polymorpha
eae naiinoiyoaeueiiai oaeniia aeaeiaiai ?aiaa, a ia neiiieiii M.
denticulata. Ai aioo?eaeaeiaie no?oeoo?a M. polymorpha aiciiaeii
auaeaeaiea oaeeo oaeniiia eae: var. polymorpha, brevispina, vulgaris, a
o M. rigidula – var. rigidula e cinerescens. Aaciniiaaoaeueii auaeaeaiea
a i?aaeaeao aeaea M. orbicularis oaeeo ?aciiaeaeiinoae eae var. biancae
e marginata. Aiaeec oaeniiiie/aneie no?oeoo?u iiiaieaoieo aeaeia
inouanoaeyeny n eniieueciaaieai 159 i?eciaeia aaeeiauo oaiioeiia. Aai
?acoeueoaou iicaieytho caeaeaoue auaiae i oii, /oi M. caerulea Less. ex
Ledeb., M. x varia T. Martyn, M. falcata L., M. tunetana (Murb.) Vass.
yaeythony oaeniiaie aeaeiaiai ?aiaa, a ia iiaeaeaeaie M. sativa L.
Iieo/aiiua ?acoeueoaou aiai?yo, oaeaea, i iaiaoiaeeiinoe i?eciaiey
naiinoiyoaeueiuie oaeniiaie aeaeiaiai o?iaiy M. hemicycla , a ia
neiiieiii M. x varia T. Martyn, a oaeaea M. quasifalcata Sinsk., a ia
neiiieiii M. falcata L., M. polychroa Grossh., a ia neiiieiii M.
tunetana (Murb.) Vass., a oaeaea M. glandulosa (Mert. et Koch) David ia
neaaeoao ?anniao?eaaoue eae neiiiei M. sativa var. viscosa (Reichenb.)
Posp.

E?iia oiai, auei i?aaeeiaeaii eniieueciaaoue iniaaiiinoe
yeaeo?ioi?aoe/aneeo aaeeiauo niaeo?ia ?aciuo aeaeia eae e?eoa?ee
iicaieythuee ii?aaeaeeoue noaiaiue yaiethoeeiiiiai ?acaeoey. Yoi
iicaieeei ooi/ieoue yaiethoeeiiiua niioiioaiey iiiaieaoieo aeaeia e
ii?aaeaeeoue iai?aaeaiea yaiethoeee iaeiieaoieo aeaeia. I?aaeeiaeaiiua
noaiu a iniiaiii niaeanothony n oaie, eioi?ua iieo/aiu ia iniiaaiee
eniieueciaaiey o?aaeeoeeiiiuo i?eciaeia.

A ?aaioa aeaia oa?aeoa?enoeea aaiaoe/aneeo oeaio?ia i?ienoiaeaeaiey
?iaea Medicago L., ia?ae/iuo oi?iaoeee i?iec?anoaiey, yaiethoeee
aeiii?oieiae/aneeo no?oeoo?, a oaeaea oeacaiu iooe eo iea?aoeee,
aaaaeaiey a eoeueoo?o e ae?.

N eniieueciaaieai nianoaaiiuo iaoa?eaeia, a oaeaea aaaeoueo iao/iuo
aioaie/aneeo o/?aaeaeaiee e eeoa?iuo enoi/ieeia, a ?aaioa eceiaeai
eiiniaeo ?iaea oei?u Oe?aeiu, a eioi?ue aeeth/aii 24 aeaea, 11 ec
eioi?uo – iiiaieaoieee, 9 – iaeiieaoieee, 2 iiaoo ?acaeaaoueny eae
iaeii- e aeaoeaoieee, 1 eae iaeii-, aeao- e iiiaieaoiee, a 1 eae iaeii-
e iiiaieaoiee. 5 aeaeia – yiaeaieee, a 12 ano?a/athony oieueei a E?uio.

Ia iniiaaiee eco/aiey aeaaiaeoeo nenoai ?iaea, e?eoe/aneiai aiaeeca
iaoiaeia e iiaeoiaeia, eioi?ua a ieo eniieueciaaiu, ?acoeueoaoia
nianoaaiiuo enneaaeiaaiee e oaeniiiie/aneeo eiiaeiaoeee, i?aaeeiaeaia
nenoaia ?iaea Medicago L., a eioi?ie auaeaeyaony 12 naeoeee, 8
iiaenaeoeee, 5 iiaeaeaeia e 9 ?aciiaeaeiinoae.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: ?iae Medicago L., nenoaia, oi?ieiaey, iaeeiieiaey,
oaiinenoaiaoeea, yaiethoeey.

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