1
OE?A?INUeEA AEAAeAI?ss AA?A?IEO IAOE
?INOEOOO ?ICAAAeAIIss ? AAIAOEEE OAA?EI
AENI*AINUeEEE EINEI NOAIAIIAE*
OAeE 636.2.064.6/.082.456.
??NO ? ?ICAEOIE OA A?IEIA?*I? INIAEEAINO? III?NIEO OAEEOeUe AO?I?
EA?IAONUeEI? II?IAeE
Niaoe?aeuei?noue – 06.02.01. – ?icaaaeaiiy oa naeaeoe?y oaa?ei
Aaoi?aoa?ao
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe
c.*oaeinueea Ee?anueei? iaeano?
1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia a Caea?iaonueeiio ?inoeooo? aa?ii?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa OAAI.
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: Caneoaeaiee ae?y/ iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie, aeaaeai?e
OAAI, aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe,
i?ioani? Coaaoeue Ieoaeei Aaneeueiae/,
I?aceaeaio Oe?a?inueei? aeaaeai?? aa?a?ieo iaoe.
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe,
i?ioani? N??aoeueeee Einei Caiiiiae/,
caa?aeoaa/ a?aeae?eii ?inoeoooo ?icaaaeaiiy ? aaiaoeee oaa?ei;
eaiaeeaeao n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe
Einoaiei Ieaenaiae? ?aaiiae/, ia/aeueiee a?aeae?eo oaa?eiieoeoaa,
aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie ? ia?a?iaee i?iaeoeoe?? OAAI
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: ?inoeooo n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa Iie?nny OAAI,
i.AEeoiie?
Caoeno aeena?oaoe?? a?aeaoaeaoueny “_7_”_ea?oiy__ 1999 ?ieo, i 10.00
aiaeei? ia can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? A/aii? ?aaee i?e ?inoeooo?
?icaaaeaiiy ? aaiaoeee oaa?ei OAAI.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny a a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo ?icaaaeaiiy
? aaiaoeee oaa?ei OAAI.
Aae?ana ?inoeoooo: 256319, Ee?anueea iae., Ai?eni?euenueeee ?-i,
n.*oaeinueea, aoe. Iia?aaiyea, 1.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “_5_”___aa?aciy____ 1999 ?ieo.
A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? A/aii? ?aaee
eaiaeeaeao n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe,
noa?oee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee
TH.A.I?eue/aiei
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. C iaoith caaacia/aiiy iio?aa ianaeaiiy i”ynii a
Oe?a?i? oe?iei ?icai?iooi ?iaioo ii noai?aiith niaoe?ae?ciaaii? aaeoc?
i”yniiai neioa?noaa.
A iaaeao Oe?a?ie aeae?eythoueny aaia?ao?/i? ciie, yee ?noioii
a?ae??ciythoueny ca ee?iaoe/ieie, ainiiaea?nueeeie oa ?ioeie oaeoi?aie.
Oiio naeaeoe?eiee i?ioean noai?aiiy oe?a?inueei? i”y/nii? ii?iaee eoia
/a?ao oi?ioaaiiy ciiaeueieo oei?a. Oae, o 1978 ?ioe? caoaa?aeaeaii
/a?i?a?anueeee ? i?eaei?i?ianueeee i”yni? oeie, eio?? o 1993 ?ioe? aoei
ia”?aeiaii o no?oeoo?o oe?a?inueei? i”ynii? ii?iaee aaeeei? ?iaaoi?
ooaeiae. Caaa?oo?oueny ?iaioa ii noai?aiith ciai”yinueei? oa
aneai?enueei? i”ynieo ii??ae. O 1994 ?ioe? caoaa?aeaeaii aieeinueeo
i”ynio ii?iaeo. Ii?iaeioai?/ei i?ioeanii ioiieaii an?
i?e?iaeii-ee?iaoe/i? ciie ??aieiieo iaeanoae. A a??nuee?e aea cii?
Ea?iao, aea ? i?aeoe/ii an? ia?aaeoiiae aeey aoaeoeaiiai aaaeaiiy
i”yniiai neioa?noaa, oaea ?iaioa ia i?iaiaeeeanue.
Aaaeaiiy neioa?noaa a a??nuee?e cii? Ea?iao ia? nai? iniaeeaino?. Ooo
o?e /aoaa?o? ieiu n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oa?aeue – oea eoee ?
ianiaeua. Cia/ia e?euee?noue i?ieo caiaeue caeiyoa ei?iiaeie
eoeueoo?aie. Ana oea aea? ciiao i?ioyaii e?oa, ca ?aooiie aeianaiiy oa
iaaoeo, io?eioaaoe aeinoaoith e?euee?noue aeieia?/ii /enoi?, aeaoaai?
yeiae/eie.
Niaoeeo?ea ?aa?iio Ea?iao coiiaeaia eiioeiaioaeueiei ee?iaoii,
iaaei??iith caieiaeai?noth, iaaeinoaoiueith ?inieyoe??th, a?aenooi?noth
aeaniiai ca?iiaiai ainiiaea?noaa, iayai?noth cia/ieo ieiu i?e?iaeieo
ianiaeu ? n?iiaeaoae a no?oeoo?? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oa?aeue.
Noaaeoue iniaeea? aeiiae aei oaa?ei, ye? a noaee iniiaith iiai? aaeoc? a
cii?.
Iinoaaeaoe ca iaoo noai?aiiy aaiioeio niaoe?ae?ciaaii? i”ynii? ooaeiae,
ie aaaaeaee, ui iaeiei c aaaeeeaeo aeaiaio?a ioe?iee ii?aeioaaiino?
aaiioei?a o no?auoaaii?, ie??i a?aeaiae?aaeueieo oa caa?eieo
oa?aeoa?enoee iii?nieo ae/e?a, ? iaoa?einuee? yeino? oa oi?ioaaiiy
a?aeoai?thaaeueii? ooieoe?? iii?nieo iaoie. A i”yniiio neioa?noa?
?ae?iith i?iaeoeoe??th, ui io?eio?oueny a?ae ei?iae ? oaey aeey
ae?iuoaaiiy. Oiio, oe? oa?aeoa?enoeee iiaeia aaaaeaoe aieiaieie.
Aiae?c e?uea?aoo?ieo aeaea?ae c ieoaiiy noai?aiiy a?o/eciyieo i”ynieo
aaiioei?a iieacaa, ui a ia?aaaaei?e a?eueoino? ioae?eaoe?e aena?oeaii
naia i”ynio i?iaeoeoeai?noue ae/e?a, oiae? ye a?aeoai?thaaeueiei
ooieoe?yi iaoie oaaaa i?eae?ey?oueny aeoaea ??aeei. Iiaea naia e oiio
a?o/eciyi? aaiioeie oa?aeoa?ecothoueny iecueeith a?aeoai?thaaeueiith
ooieoe??th. sseui ae aanoe iiao i?i ii?iaeioai?/ee i?ioean o a??nueeiio
?aa?ii? Ea?iao, yeee ca aaaaoueia ee?iaoe/ieie oaeoi?aie ?
aeno?aiaeueiei, oi i?iaeaia iaoa?einueeeo yeinoae oa a?aeoai?thaaeueieo
ooieoe?e iaoie aeoiaeeoue iaa?oue ia ia?oa i?noea. A oiio i?aaeiaoii
iaoiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aoei ia?aii iii?nieo iaoie oa ?o /enoiii??aeieo
aiaeia?a.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. ?iaioa aeeiiaia
ii oai? “?ic?iaeoe i?ia?aio noai?aiiy aaeoc? niaoe?ae?ciaaiiai i”yniiai
neioa?noaa aeey a??nueeiai ?aa?iio Oe?a?inueeeo Ea?iao” N
aea?ae?aano?aoe?? OA 01002354?. Ioe?iea ii?aeiaiue aaiioei?a ao?i?
ea?iaonueei? ii?iaee c aieeinueeith ii?iaeith oa ciai”yinueeei i”yniei
oeiii ca a?aeoai?thaaeueiith caeaoi?noth oa iaoa?einueeeie yeinoyie
iii?nieo iaoie N aea?ae?ayno?aoe?? OA 01002354 ?.
Iaoa ? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue. Iaoith aeine?aeaeaiue noaaeeiny iiooe
iioeiaeueieo naeaeoe?eieo oeyo?a noai?aiiy i”ynieo noaae, i?enoiniaaieo
aei oiia a??nueeiai ?aa?iio Ea?iao ? iicaaaeaieo neeaaeiinoae c
a?aeoai?aiiyi ooaeiae.
A caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue aoiaeeei:
– aeine?aeeoe aieea aaiioeio ie?aeieea ia ?icaeoie oa oi?ioaaiiy
a?aeoai?ieo ooieoe?e iii?nieo oaeeoeue;
– aea/eoe aeeiai?eo ?inoo aeeai? iane, aenoa?”??i? oa aeaye? ?ioa?”??i?
iniaeeaino? iii?nieo oaeeoeue o ii??aiyii? c /enoiii?iaeieie aiaeiaaie;
– aeaoe ioe?ieo eaaeiioaeueiino? oa iaoa?einueeeo yeinoae
i?aeaeine?aeieo iaoie.
– anoaiiaeoe caeiiii??iino? iiaaae?iee i?aeaeine?aeieo oaa?ei;
– cae?enieoe ii??aiyeueio ioe?ieo iiei/iino? ia?a?noie oa o?i?/iiai
neeaaeo ?o iieiceaa e iieiea.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia. Aia?oa a oiiaao a??nueei? ciie Oe?a?inueeeo Ea?iao
eiiieaenii aea/aii iniaeeaino? ?icaeoeo, oi?ioaaiiy a?aeoai?ieo
ooieoe?e, eaaeiioaeuei?noue, iaoa?einuee? yeino?, aoieia?/i? iniaeeaino?
oa iiei/i?noue iii?nieo iaoie ao?a ea?iaonueea o aieeinueea i”ynia
ii?iaea oa ao?a ea?iaonueea o ciai”yinueeee oei o ii??aiyii? c
/enoiii??aeieie ?iaanieoeyie ao?i? ea?iaonueei? ii?iaee..
I?aeoe/ia cia/ei?noue ?iaioe. Ia i?aenoaa? ?acoeueoao?a i?iaaaeaieo
aeine?aeaeaiue aeiaaaeaii aeioe?euei?noue aeei?enoaiiy ie?aeiee?a
aieeinueei? i”ynii? ii?iaee oa ciai”yinueeiai oeio o a?aeoai?thaaeueiiio
no?auoaaii? i?e noai?aii? i”ynieo noaae aeey a??nueei? ciie Oe?a?inueeeo
Ea?iao.
?aae?caoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue. ?acoeueoaoe i?iaaaeaieo
aeine?aeaeaiue aeei?enoaii i?e ?ic?iaoe? “I?ia?aie ?icaeoeo
niaoe?ae?ciaaiiai i”yniiai neioa?noaa a Caea?iaonuee?e iaeano? ia
ia??iae aei 2005 ?”. A ?acoeueoao? i?iaaaeaii? ?iaioe noai?aii ianea
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? i”ynii? ooaeiae a oiiaao a??nueei? ciie Oe?a?inueeeo
Ea?iao.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a iieyaa? a i?aai?caoe?? aeine?ae?a, cai??
ia?aeiieo iaoa??ae?a, ia?iaoe? oa aiae?c? io?eiaieo aeaieo ? oi?ioaaii?
aeniiae?a, aiae?c? ia?aeiieo iaoa??ae?a, ui noino?oueny aeaieo
aenoa?”??o, aeeai? iane ?ioa?”??ieo iniaeeainoae, a?aeoai?i? ooieoe??
iaoie, iiei/i?noue ia?a?noie, nei?inoeae?noue oaa?ei.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue
aeiiia?aeaeeny ia iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? iieiaeeo a/aieo ?
niaoe?ae?no?a “Iaoeia? ?ic?iaee oa aeinyaiaiiy iieiaeeo a/aieo
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiio ae?iaieoeoao” (A.Aaeoa, 1991), ia
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? iieiaeeo a/aieo oa niaoe?ae?no?a
“iaoeia? ?ic?iaee aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno” (I.Ai?ioa, 1993 ?.), ia
i?aeia?iaei?e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “I?iaeaie aa?ii?iieneiaiai
eiiieaeno a??nueeiai ?aa?iio Ea?iao” (I.Ai?ioa, 1994?.).
Ioae?eaoe?? ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue. Ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe??
anueiai iioae?eiaaii 8 ?ia?o, a eio?eo aena?oeaii iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe
aeine?aeaeaiue.
Ia’?i ? no?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?y aeeeaaeaia ia 124 noi??ieao
iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, ?acoeueoao?a
aeine?aeaeaiue, a?niiae?a oa nieneo e?oo?aoo?e, aeeth/a? a naaa 32
oaaeeoe?, 2 ?enoiee. Nienie e?oo?aoo?e aeeth/a? 251 aeaea?aei, c yeeo 46
?iicaiieo aaoi??a.
Caaaeueia iaoiaeeea ? iniiai? iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiue
Aeey i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue o aeine?aeiiio ainiiaea?noa? “Ea?iaoe”
Caea?iaonueeiai ?inoeoooo AIA aoei a?ae?a?aii ei??a, na?aaei?e a?e yeeo
noaiiaea 4,6 ?ie?a c iiei/iith i?iaeoeoeai?noth 2300-2500 ea ? oaeeoeue
ia?oaaeueiiai a?eo c aeeaith ianith iiiaae 280 ea.
A?ae?a?aia iaoi/ia iiaie?a”y ca i?eioeeiii aiaeia?a aoei ?icae?eaii ia
o?e a?oie Iaoie ia?oi? a?oie aoei aeei?enoaii i?ae in?iai?iiy nia?iith
/enoiii??aeieo ao?eo ea?iaonueeeo aoaa?a, o a?aeiia?aeiino? c ?nioth/ei
ieaiii cae??ieaiiy. Ei??a oa oaeeoeue ae?oai? ? o?aouei? a?oi aoei
nia?iaaii, a?aeiia?aeii, c aoaayie aieeinueei? ii?iaee ? ciai”yinueeiai
oeio.
I?aeaeine?aei? a?oie aeey i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue aoee noi?iiaai? c
i?eieiaeo, io?eiaiiai a?ae iaoie eiaeii? c iienaieo a?oi. Oaee/ee aeey
aeine?aeo a?aeae?aeeny ca i?eioeeiii aiaeia?a c a?aooaaiiyi aeaoe
ia?iaeaeaiiy, ?icaeoeo oa noaio caei?ia’y. A yeino? eiio?ieth
aeei?enoaii /enoiii??aeieo ao?eo ea?iaonueeeo ?iaanieoeue.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeiiai? oeyoii i?iaaaeaiiy iaoeiai-ae?iaie/eo aeine?ae?a
ca?aeii noaie 1.
Ii??aiyeueio ioe?ieo ainiiaea?nueeeo iieaciee?a ae?iuoaaiiy oa aeayeeo
a?ieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae iii?nieo oaeeoeue ao?a ea?iaonueea o
ciai’yinueeee oei, ao?a ea?iaonueea o aieeinueea i’ynia i?iaaaeaii a
eieaini? “Aaneeae” Aieiaaoeueeiai ?aeiio Caea?iaonueei? iaeano?.
Oaeeoe? oo?eioaaeenue a oiiaao i?ea’yciiai ae?iuoaaiiy oa aeianaeeny ia
aenieia??iiio i?eiieiieinueeiio ianiaeu? ia aenio? 850-900 i iaae ??aiai
ii?y.
I?aeaeine?aeieo oaeeoeue ae?iuoaaee ia i?aenen? ca nenoaiith
“ei?iaa-oaey”. O?eaae?noue i?aeaeine?aeiiai ia??iaeo aoea
iiai?noth coiiaeaia oaoiieia??th ianiaeuiiiai oo?eiaiiy ei??a c oaeyoaie
ia i?aenen?. Na?aaei?e a?e oaeeoeue i?e a?aeeo/aii? ? iinoaiiaoe? ia
ceiiai-no?eeiaa oo?eiaiiy neeaaeaa 6,5 i?nyoe?a.
1.Noaia aeine?aeo
A?oie Aie?aAaiioei*A?e iinoa-iiaee iaIniaeeaino? oaoiieia?? oo?eiaiiy
oa aeianaiiy aeine?ae, i?n.Oo?eiaiiy AeianaiiyIaoeiai – ae?iaie/ee
aeine?ae? eiio?ieueia
10
AE
0
aaci?ea’yciaI?e?iaeia ia iie?ioaiiio??
aeine?aeia10AEoAI0aaci?ea’yciaianiaeu? ia???
aeine?aeia10AEoCI0aaci?ea’yciaaenio? 500 i iaae ??aiai ii?yAe?iaie/a
ia?aa??ea?? aeine?aeia10AEoAI0i?ea’yciaIa??? aeine?aeia10AEoCI0i?ea’ycia
Aenieia??ieo
I?eiieiieinueeeo ianiaeuao ia aenio?
850-900 i. iaae ??aiai ii?y * – AE- ao?a ea?iaonueea ii?iaea; AI –
aieeinueea i’ynia ii?iaea;
CI- ciai’yinueeee i’yniee oei.
Aiae?aey i?aeaene?aeiiai iiaie?a’y aoea i?iaeeeoiaaia niaoeeo?eith
a??nueeeo oiia. Oae, iniiao ?aoe?ii?a o an? ia??iaee iioiaaiico
neeaaeaee aaaaoaoeai? ei?ie aeaniiai ae?iaieoeoaa: a e?oi?e ia??iae –
caeaia iana ianiaeua, a ceiiaee – n?ii, neein ceaeiaeo eoeueoo? oa
nieiia iceii? ioaieoe?. Eiioeaio?iaai? ei?ie aeei?enoiaoaaeenue a ie?ai?
i?nyoe? ceiiai-no?eeiaiai ia??iaeo. A no?oeoo?? ??/iiai ?aoe?iio
eiioeei?ie ia ia?aaeuoaaee 7 %.
Ca ia??iae ae?iuoaaiiy ia i?aenin? i?aeaeine?aeiee iieiaeiye io?eiaa, a
na?aaeiueiio ia aieiao /iieiei e ianiaeuia o?aaa/: ? a?oia – 484,5
ei?iiaeo iaeeieoeue ? 59,1 ea ia?ao?aaiiai i?ioa?io, ??-a, a?aeiia?aeii
– 550,4 ? 63,2 oa ???-y a?oia – 589,3 ei?i.iae. ? 64,4 ea ia?ao?aaiiai
i?ioa?io.
I?ney a?aeeo/aiiy a?ae iaoa??a i?aeaeine?aei? oaeeoe? oo?eioaaeeny
aaci?ea’ycii o a?oiiaeo ee?oeao ii 15 aie?a. Ca 6 i?nyoe?a
ceiiai-no?eeiaiai ia??iaeo iieiaeiye io?eioaaa, c ?ic?aooieo ia aieiao,
830 ei?iiaeo iaeeieoeue ? 85,8 ea ia?ao?aaiiai i?ioa?io.
A ia??iae ianiaeuiiai oo?eiaiiy a?ae 12,5-oe aei 18,5-i?ny/iiai a?eo
iieiaeiye i?aeaeine?aeieo a?oi aoa caaacia/aiee ianiaeuiei ei?iii ia
??ai? 738 e.iae. ? 88.6 ea ia?ao?aaiiai i?ioa?io.
A ianooiiee a?eiaee ia??iae a?ae 18,5-oe aei 24-i?ny/iiai a?eo, a oiiaao
neeaaeii? cei?ae? (1993-1994 ??.) i?aeaeine?aei? oaeeoe?, a na?aaeiueiio
ia aieiao, io?eioaaee 694 ei?i.iae. ? 54,6 ea ia?ao?aaiiai i?ioa?io.
Eiioeaio?aoe neeaaeaee o oeae ia??iae 9,5 % ca i?iaeeai?noth.
Oo?eioaaee i?aeaeine?aei? oaeeoe? a ianiaeuiee ia??iae o a?oiiaiio
caaii?, iaeaaeiaiiio iaa?niei aeaoii. Aiaeii?e caaacia/oaaany c
i?e?iaei?o aiaeieieu. ??aaiue aiae?ae? iii?nieo oaeeoeue, ui
ae?iuoaaeeny a oiiaao ae?iaie/i? ia?aa??ee a ENI “Aaneeae”, i?ioyaii
no?eeiaiai oo?eiaiiy i?aeoe/ii i?/ei ia a?ae??ciy?oueny. A oie aea /an,
ae?oeo ooo aeei?enoiaoaaee ei?ioei/ania i?aeianaiiy ia eoeueoo?iiio
o?aainoi? c aenieei ai?noii aiaiaeo eiiiiiaio?a, ui a?ae/ooii
iicia/aeiny ia aia?a?? ?inoo i?aeaeine?aeiiai iieiaeiyea.
Aeo?aoe ei?i?a o ia??iae no?eeiaiai oo?eiaiiy aecia/aee oeyoii
caaaeoaaiiy caaeaieo ei?i?a oa ?o caeeoe?a, a a ianiaeuiee ia??iae
?ic?aooieiaei iaoiaeii /a?ac a?iaeaei?noue ianiaeua /iaoiaeii neiooaaiiy
eiio?ieueieo ae?eyiie/. Iiaeeai?noue ei?i?a aecia/aee ca oaeoe/ieie
?acoeueoaoaie ciioaoi?/iiai aiae?co, ai?no ne?iai i?ioa?io oa acioo –
iaoiaeii Eaeueaeaey, aia?aaoe/io iiaeeai?noue – ?ic?aooieiaei iaoiaeii.
AEeao iano i?aeaeine?aeieo oaeeoeue aecia/aee uii?ny/ii oeyoii
caaaeoaaiiy a?aioe? aei aiae?ae? o a?oe?: i?e ia?iaeaeaii?, a 6, 12 ? 18
i?nyoe?a.
A?aeiia?aeii aei oeeo a?eiaeo ia??iae?a ae?aoiaoaaee aaniethoiee,
na?aaeiueiaeiaiaee oa a?aeiiniee i?e?inoe aeeai? iane oaa?ei.
Aenoa’??i? iniaeeaino? oa e?i?eiee ??no aea/aee oeyoii acyooy i?ii???a
noaoae o?ea i?aeaeine?aeieo oaa?ei. Ia iniia? e?i?eieo i?ii???a
ae?aooaaee ?iaeaene aoaeiae o?ea oa aeoa?’??iee i?io?eue oaeeoeue o
a?oe? 9, 12, 15 ? 18 i?nyoe?a.
Oaeaee?noue ?inoo oa noe?aiiy ?aoeoeue aea/aee ca iaoiaeii
Ae.O.A?iie/oea, Ae.?. Naa/o?a, I.I. Iaeai?iaee, E.E.Iaeueieea (1991).
?ioa?’??i? iniaeeaino? oa ee?i?/i? iieacieee aecia/aee ca caaaeueii
i?eeiyoeie iaoiaeeeaie, noai coaii? a?eaaee – iaoiaeii uii?ny/ieo
niinoa?aaeaiue.
Aoieia?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeenue oeyoii aeiaiaiai o?iiiiao?aaeo
o a?oe? 9,12,18 i?nyoe?a ca iaoiaeeeith ?inoeoooo oaa?eiieoeoaa OAAI
(Oa?e?a, 1982) c ?ic?aooieii ?iaeaen?a ooieoe?iiaeueii? aeoeaiino? ca
A.?.Aae?eaeai?iei (1986).
A?aeoai?thaaeuei? ooieoe?? iaoie – oeyoii niinoa?aaeaiue ca
a?iaeieia?/ieie aeaieie oa iaoa??aeaie ia?aeiiiai ciioaoi?/iiai iae?eo.
Iiei/i?noue ia?a?noie – iaoiaeii eiio?ieueiiai aei?iiy, o?i?/iee neeaae
iieiceaa – ca caaaeueiii?eeiyoeie iaoiaeeeaie iienaieie
I.N.Ea?ai?oeueeith oa I.A.Eoaai?aei (19961).
Ii?aoethaaiiy iaea?aeaieo a aeine?aeaeaiiyo aeaieo i?iaiaeeee iaoiaeii
aa??aoe?eii? noaoenoeee (I.I.Ieio?inueeee, 1969 ? A.O.Eae?ia, 1980).
?ACOEUeOAOE AENIA?EIAIOAEUeIEO AeINE?AeAEAIUe
?icaeoie i?aeaeine?aeiiai iieiaeiyea
Aeine?aeaeaiiyie anoaiiaeaii, ui o?eaae?noue aia??iaaiaco o iaoie ao?i?
ea?iaonueei? ii?iaee ia caeaaeaea a?ae aaiioeio ie?aeieea.
Iai?oaeai?noue aia??iiaeueiiai aaeiaiai ?inoo aoea iaeaeuith o iii?nae c
aieeinueeith i’yniith ii?iaeith. ??cieoey o oaee/ie noaiiaeea 0,18 a
ii??aiyii aei eiio?ieueii? ???-? aeine?aeii? a?oie. Oey caeiiii??i?noue
i?aeoaa?aeeeanue ? iieacieeaie aeeai? iane iiaiia?iaeaeaiiai iieiaeiyea.
O ia?o?e na??? aeine?aeo aiia aoea oaeith: oaee/ee ao?i? ea?iaonueei?
ii?iaee – 30 ea, iii?ni? c aieeinueeith ii?iaeith – 34 ea, ?c
ciai’yinueeei oeiii – 35 ea; o ae?oa?e na??? aeine?aeo – iii?nue c
aieeinueeith ii?iaeith -29 ea oa ?c ciai’yinueeei oeiii – 29 ea.
Aiae?c a?eiai? aeeiai?ee aeeai? iane i?aeaeine?aeieo oaeeoeue (oaae. 2)
na?ae/eoue i?i iayai?noue yaeua aaoa?iceno ia i?ioyc? anueiai ia??iaeo
ae?iuoaaiiy, ia caeaaeii a?ae oaoiieia?? oo?eiaiiy ? oiia aeianaiiy. O
an? a?eia? ia??iaee iii?ni? oaeeoe? ia?aaaaeaee ?iaanieoeue eiio?ieueii?
a?oie ca aeeaith ianith ia 7,2 -33,1 %. Iniaeeai aaaiiith ? noaoenoe/ii
a??ia?aeiith oey ??cieoey aoea o 6-oe i?ny/iiio a?oe?, eiee ca ?aooiie
i?aenino caaacia/oaaeany iio?aaa i?aai?cio ? oaa?eie iiaee
?aae?coaaoe na?e
2. Ainiiaea?nuee? iieacieee ae?iuoaaiiy i?aeaeine?aeieo oaeeoeue, /Im/
IieacieeeA?oie??????AEeaa iana, ea:iiaiia?iaeaeai? 301,9341,2351,76
i?nyoe?a1334,01539,91605,712 i?nyoe?a2085,323611,92539,418
i?nyoe?a2614,028811,43046,8Na?aaeiueiaeiaiaee i?e??no, a:0-6
i?nyoe?a5036506830-12 i?nyoe?a4885535970-18 i?nyoe?a421464491Cao?aoe
ei?io e.iae., ea7,97.77.1
iioaioe?ae. Ca ia??iae i?aenino ao?? ea?iaonuee? oaeeoe? ca?eueooaaee
aeeao iano a 4 ?ace, iii?n? c aieeinueeith i’yniith ii?iaeith – a 4,23 ?
ciai’yinueeiai oeio a – 4,11 ?ace.
??cieoey o aaeiaiio i?e?ino? oaeeoeue i?aeaeine?aeieo a?oi aei
eiio?ieueii? neeaaeaea 9,0 % o iii?nae c aieeinueeith ii?iaeith ? 16 % –
o iii?nae ciai’yinueeiai oeio (a iaio na??yo aeine?ae?a).
A?aeiia?aeii, ia?aaaaa iii?nieo oaeeoeue iaio a?oi niinoa??aaeany a
ia??iae i?aenino ? ca na?aaeiueiaeiaiaeie i?e?inoaie. Oae, a
eiio?ieuei?e a?oi? aiie noaiiaeee 503 a, o aieeinueeeo iii?nyo – 650 a
? a ciai’yinueeeo – 683 a.
Io?eiai? ainiiaea?nuee? iieacieee ae?iuoaaiiy iii?nieo oaeeoeue o
aeine?ae? i?aeoaa?aeeeenue o c??eiio (18 i?nyoe?a) a?oe?, a oiiaao
ae?iaie/i? ia?aa??ee (oaa.3).
3. Ainiiaea?nuee? iieacieee ae?iuoaaiiy iii?nieo oaeeoeue
a oiiaao ae?iaie/i? ia?aa??ee, / I m /
IieacieeA?oie?????AEeaa iana, ea:iiaiia?iaeaeai? 291,6291,26
i?nyoe?a1744,61774,412 i?nyoe?a2334,52292,918
i?nyoe?a2869,43048,1Na?aaeiueiaeiaiaee i?e??no, a:0-6
i?nyoe?a7928090-12 i?nyoe?a5315480-18 i?nyoe?a469502
E?i?eiee ??no oa aenoa?’??i? iniaeeaino?
Ca aenoa?’??ieie iniaeeainoyie i?aeaeine?aeieo oaa?ei anoaiiaeaii
?noioio, ? a a?eueoino? aeiaaee?a noaoenoe/ii a??ia?aeio, ia?aaaao
iii?nieo oaeeoeue iaae /enoiii?iaeieie ?iaanieoeyie a 12 ? 18 i?ny/iiio
a?oe?. Iniaeeai cia/eiith ? noaoenoe/ii a??ia?aeiith oey ia?aaaaa aoea
ca i?ii??aie, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue eaioiniiiee oei aoaeiae o?ea, a naia
ca iaoaaoii a?oaeae, iai?a iaoaaoii oa ni??aeueiei iaoaaoii caaeo. Ne?ae
a?aei?oeoe noaa?eueio ia?aaaao iii?nae ca an?ia iieacieeaie e?i?eiiai
?inoo, a na?aaeiueiio, ia 1,2-8,6 %, i?e/iio, yeui aieeinuee? iii?n?
a?ae??ciyeeny e?auei ?icaeoeii ia?aaeiuei? o?aoeie ooeoaa, oi oaa?eie
??? a?oie aoee iaia?aaa?oaieie ca i?ii??aie caaeo (ia 7 ? 9 ni a?eueoa
ii??aiyii aei ? ? ?? a?oi).
?iaeaene aoaeiae o?ea i?aeaeine?aeieo oaeeoeue (oaae. 4)
oa?aeoa?ecothoue oaa?ei ?? a?oie ye iaea?eueo aeeaieia?oaeeo, eiiiaeoieo
? ianeaieo, oiae? ye oaa?eie ??? a?oie oa?aeoa?ecoaaeenue iaea?eueoei
?iaeaenii i’yniino?.
*enoiii?iaei? oaeeoe? e iaoae? iinooiaeeny iii?niei aiaeiaai ?? ? ???
a?oi ca ?iaeaenaie caeoino? ia 4.0 % oa ianeaiino?, a?aeiia?aeii, ia
16.7 ? 3.3 %. *a?ac aenieo aa??aaaeuei?noue e?i?eieo i?ii???a
i?aea?oiia? a?aei?iiino? aoee noaoenoe/ii iaa??ia?aei?.
Aeyaeai? a aeine?ae? caeiiii??iino? uiaei ?iaeaen?a ianeaiino?
eiiiaeoiino? ? i’yniino? aeine?aeieo a?oi oaa?ei i?aeoaa?aeeeenue ? o
ae?iaie/?e ia?aa??oe?.
4. ?iaeaene o?eineeaaeo i?aeaeine?aeieo oaeeoeue o a?eia?e aeeiai?oe?,
% / I m /
?iaeaeneA?eA?oiei?n.??????Aeiaaiiiaino?1631.07630.5630.69520.8519.6520.4
24490.94711511.0?inoyaiooino?1854.3881.3873.191041.91051.21090.5241142.5
1111.01141.7Aeeaieia?oaeino?1371.1370.7370.69480.8490.6480.524510.9542.5
491.0Caeoino?11335.31243.61274.191273.11312.11251.8241241.81292.51292.9E
inoenoino?1160.5160150.49150.3150.2150.424170.9140.6170.2Ianeaiino?12,80
.23.050.13.20.3914,00.216.80.616.90.424301.0351.7312.6I’yniino?1723.8791
.7741.69762.9762.5801.624791.4782.3813.0
Aeine?aeaeaiiy iniaeeainoae oi?ioaaiiy oaeaeeino? noe?aiiy oa
a?ae?inoaiiy ?iaiai? no?iee ?aoeoeue i?aeaeine?aeieo iaoie (oaae. 5)
na?ae/aoue, ui iaea?eueoo ieiuo iii?e iaee oaa?eie ??? a?oie, ?,
i?aeoe/ii i?e iaeiaeia?e aeea?e ian? o 12 i?ny/iiio a?oe?, aiie,
caeiiii??ii, iaee iaioa ieoiia iaaaioaaeaiiy. ??cieoey
aei eiio?ieth anoaiiaeea 16,5 % (noaoenoe/ii a??ia?aeii, i?e ?
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