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Розвиток творчих здібностей учнів основної загальноосвітньої школи з конструювання та моделювання одягу на уроках трудового навчання: Автореф. дис…

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IAOe?IIAEUeIEE IAAeAAIA?*IEE OI?AA?NEOAO

?iai? I.I.Ae?aaiiaiiaa

OIAE Ea?ena Ieeiea?aia

OAeE 371.012

?ICAEOIE OAI?*EO CAe?AIINOAE O*I?A

INIIAII? CAAAEUeIIINA?OIUeI? OEIEE

C EIINO?OTHAAIIss OA IIAeAETHAAIIss IAessAO

IA O?IEAO O?OAeIAIAI IAA*AIIss

13.00.02 – Oai??y oa iaoiaeeea o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy

A A O I ? A O A ? A O

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa iaaeaaia?/ieo iaoe

Ee?a – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien

?iaioa aeeiiaia a Oa?niinueeiio aea?aeaaiiio iaaeaaia?/iiio
oi?aa?neoao?, I?i?noa?noai ina?oe Oe?a?ie

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: eaiaeeaeao iaaeaaia?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio

Eocueiaiei Aaneeue Aaneeueiae/

Oa?niinueeee aea?aeaaiee iaaeaaia?/iee oi?aa?neoao, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e
iaaeaaia?ee

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? iaaeaaia?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?

Aeueii?i Aiaoie?e ?aaiiae/

Iaoe?iiaeueiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao,

i?ioani? eaoaae?e iaaeaaia?ee;

eaiaeeaeao iaaeaaia?/ieo iaoe

Oiiaiei Ethaeieea Ieeiea?aia

Oiainueeee aea?aeaaiee iaaeaaia?/iee oi?aa?neoao,

aeioeaio eaoaae?e oai??? ? iaoiaeeee o?oaeiai? i?aeaioiaee

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: E?eai??cueeee aea?aeaaiee iaaeaaia?/iee ?inoeooo,
eaoaae?a iaaeaaia?ee ? iaoiaeeee o?oaeiaiai ? i?ioan?eiiai iaa/aiiy,
I?i?noa?noai ina?oe Oe?a?ie, i.E?eaee ??a

Caoeno aeena?oaoe?? a?aeaoaeaoueny “__13_” ______04_________ 1999 ?. i
__14__ aiaeei? ia can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E 26.053.05 a
Iaoe?iiaeueiiio iaaeaaia?/iiio oi?aa?neoao? ?iai? I.I.Ae?aaiiaiiaa
(252601, Ee?a, aoe. Ie?iaiaa, 9)

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a a?ae?ioaoe? Iaoe?iiaeueiiai
iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? I.I.Ae?aaiiaiiaa (252601, Ee?a, aoe.
Ie?iaiaa, 9)

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “_14__” ______03________ 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa? A.I.Iaca?aiei

Niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy. Ia?aae no/aniith iaaeaaia?/iith iaoeith
? oeieith aino?i noi?oue ieoaiiy i?i iaiao?aei?noue aeiei??iieo ?aoi?i o
noa?? ina?oe, ye? ni?yiiaai? ia anaa?/io i?aeaioiaeo i?ae?inoath/iai
iieie?iiy, eiai oe?e?niee ? aa?iii?eiee ?icaeoie oa iniaeno?nia
c?inoaiiy.

Aaaeeeaa ?ieue o ae??oaii? oe??? i?iaeaie iaeaaeeoue i?aai?caoe??
iaa/aiiy ? aeoiaaiiy a oeie?, ye? iieeeeai? caaacia/eoe oi?ioaaiiy ?
oai?/ee ?icaeoie eiaeiiai o/iy. ?acii c oei i?aeoeea na?ae/eoue, ui
a/eoaeue ia caaaeaee aeei?enoiao? iiaeeeaino? iaa/aeueieo caiyoue aeey
oai?/ino?, ?icaeoeo ?iaeea?aeoaeueiino? o/i?a, ?o naiino?eiino?,
?i?oe?aoeae, ui iniaeeai aaaeeeaa naia a i?aee?oeiaiio a?oe?, eiee
a?aeaoaa?oueny aea?? iaaii? nioe?aeueii? iiceoe??. Eiaeia oeea?e?ciaaia
e?a?ia aai oa, yea oi/a aooe oeea?e?ciaaiith, aeaa? i?i oai?/ee
iioaioe?ae noni?euenoaa acaaae? ? eiaeii? ethaeeie cie?aia. ?oo?eiith
neeith ?icaeoeo ethaenoaa ? iio?aaa iino?eiiai aaeineiiaeaiiy. A oiiaao
noaiiaeaiiy no/anii? oeiee oeyo aei aeaiie?aoe/iiai, oeea?e?ciaaiiai
noni?euenoaa coiiaeaiee ia no?eueee aeiiii?/ieie oa iie?oe/ieie
i??i?eoaoaie, ne?eueee caaaeueiei ??aiai noi?iiaaiino? oa ?icaeoeo
eiaeii? iniaenoino?, ?? na?aeiiino? oa naiina?aeiiino?, ?aae?caoe??th
oai?/iai iioaioe?aeo. Ae?oe – oea iaeaooi? noni?euenoaa ? a?ae oiai, ye?
oe?iiino? ? na?oiaeyaei? onoaiiaee, eoeueoo?i? ? ii?aeuei? ii?ie
aeoiao?ii a ieo nueiaiaei?, aaaaoi o /iio caeaaeeoeia iaoa caao?a.
O?oaeiaa iaa/aiiy, a naia o?iee c eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy
iaeyao, ? iaeiei ?c i?aaeiao?a, yeee a/eoue ?noi???, eoeueoo??, ii?ae?,
aeoiao? anoaoe/iee niae.

Eiaeia ethaeeia c?inoa? iaiiaoi?iith iniaeno?noth, caeaoiith aei
naiiaeooae?caoe??, aei oi?ioaaiiy aeanieo oai?/eo cae?aiinoae.
Naiiaaeineiiaeaiiy, naii?aae?caoe?y, oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoie
naiina?aeiiino? oa naiii?ciaiiy iniaenoino? a?aeaoaa?oueny o?eueee ca
oiia aeoeaii? ae?yeueiino?, ni?yiiaaii? ia ia?aoai?aiiy iaaeieeoiueiai
na?aaeiaeua e naii? ethaeeie. Oea iiiyooy iaea?aeaei caaaeueia
aecia/aiiy a no/ani?e iaooe? oa ? iniiaiiieiaeiei aeey iaoiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy.

?iaeea?aeoaeuei?noue eiaeiiai iaae?eaia iaaecae/aeii aaaaoei oai?/ei
iioaioe?aeii, yeee o aeeoo? /anoi aoaa? ia?aae?ciaaiei /a?ac ia`?eoeai?
oa noa`?eoeai? i?e/eie. Ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueea ae?yeuei?noue ia
o?ieao o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy c eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao, ui
iaie ?icaeyaea?oueny, ? aea? o/iyi na?aaei?o oe?e oe?ie? iiaeeeaino?
aeey aeyaeaiiy aeanii? ?iaeea?aeoaeueiino?, aaciina?aaeiuei? o/ano?
oeiey??a o oe?e ae?yeueiino? ia aeinooiiiio ??ai? neeaaeiino?, ?ice?eaa?
aaeee? ia?niaeoeae eiiieaeniiai oi?ioaaiiy oai?/iai iioaioe?aeo
iniaenoino?. E??i oiai, inyaath/e nae?aoe iaenoa?iino? ienoaoeoaa
iaeyao, oeiey?? ciaeiiethoueny c aeeaiaeaeiei na?oii eiai e?ane, ui
ni?ey? oi?ioaaiith ii?aeueieo ?aeaae?a, anoaoe/iiai niaeo, i?aeaeuaiith
?o eoeueoo?iiai ??aiy. Oiio iiooe iaoiae?a aeeeaaeaiiy iaoa??aeo ia
o?ieao c eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao a oiiaao niaoe?aeueii
i?aai?ciaaii? ae?yeueiino?, ye? a ni?eyee i?aeaeuaiith ??aiy canai?iiy
o/iyie i?ia?aiiiai iaoa??aeo, aea?eueieee /an aeey oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo
cae?aiinoae oa ni?eyee a anoaoe/iiio aeoiaaiith, ? aeooaeueiith
i?iaeaiith nueiaiaeiaiiy.

Ia?aia aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaeaia caaaeaee oaeethaaea iaaeaaia?a.
Eeane/ia iaaeaaia?/ia niaaeueia A.N.Iaea?aiea, A.I.Nooiieeinueeiai,
E.Ae.Ooeinueeiai aea? no/anieeai c?acie aoiai?noe/iiai i?aeoiaeo aei
iaa/aiiy ? aeoiaaiiy i?ae?inoath/iai iieie?iiy, aei ?o oai?/eo
cae?aiinoae. E.N.Aeaionueeee noai?ea oai??th, ca?aeii c yeith iaa/aiiy
ia i?aeei?y?oueny ianeaiiio noaio oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoeo o/iy, a iaaiaee,
aeia?a i?aai?ciaaia iaa/aiiy “aaaea ca niaith ?icaeoie”. A.A.Aeaaeaeia,
A.N.Einothe oa ?io? aeneiaethaaee aeoiee, ui ineo?/iee ?icaeoie a
oe?eiio, a ?icoiiaee cie?aia, aecia/a?oueny ci?noii, nenoaiith ?
niiniaii ia?aaea/? ?ioi?iaoe??.

A ?one? aeine?aeaeoaaii? i?iaeaie ne?ae a?aecia/eoe ?iaioe
TH.E.Aaaainueeiai, ss.I.Iiiiia?ueiaa, A.I.E?ooaoeueeiai, ye? i?aoethaaee
iaae i?iaeaiaie eiiieaeniiai i?aeoiaeo aei iaa/aiiy ? aeoiaaiiy,
?ioaineo?eaoe?? iaaeaaia?/iiai i?ioeano. Aeine?aeieee ?.N.Eii,
Ae.?.Oaeueaeooaei i?aee?aneththoue, ui naia a i?aee?oeiaiio a?oe?
i?iyaey?oueny iaeneiaeueia i?aaiaiiy aei i?ciaiiy iiai? ?ioi?iaoe??,
a?ae/oaa?oueny iio?aaa a oai?/?e ae?yeueiino?, caeaoi?noue ae?yoe
?i?oe?aoeaii ? naiino?eii.

I?aoe? ?.I.Aieeiaa, E.N.Aeaionueeiai, I.I.Eoea, I.I.Eaiioue?aa,
A.I.Iieyei, ss.A.Iiiiia?ueiaa, A.A.*oaeiianueeiai, A.N.TH?eaae/a
aeathoue iiaeeea?noue c?icoi?oe oeyoe ? oiiae oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoeo
oai?/eo cae?aiinoae. ?iaioe A.N.Aeueoooeea?a, Ae.A.Aiaiyaeainueei?,
?.I.Aieeiaa, A.O.Ooi?e?ia i?enay/ai? oai??? oai?/ino?. Aiae?co
iaaeaaia?/ieo aniaeo?a oi?ioaaiiy i?ciaaaeueii? aeoeaiino? o/i?a o
i?ioean? oai?/i? ae?yeueiino? aeiiiiiaathoue i?aoe?
E.I.Aeueaooaiiai?-Neaanueei?, TH.E.Aaaainueeiai, I.?.I?aeeanenoiai,
A.A.Aeaaeaeiaa, ?.?.?iaeae.

Ni?yiiaoth/e nai? coneeey ia oi?ioaaii? oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a
na?aaeiueiai oe?eueiiai a?eo, ie aeei?enoaee cia/iee a?o/eciyiee ?
ca?oa?aeiee aein?a?ae c ieoaiue aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy (A.?.Ei?ioy?a,
?.A.Ee?iia, A.A.Iiaeeia), ?icaeaaeueiiai iaa/aiiy (A.A.Aeaaeaeia,
A.N.Einothe), i?iaeaiiiai iaa/aiiy (I.I.Aeaenthe, Ae.I.Ooi?aeaanueeee),
ae?aaiinoeee oai?/eo cae?aiinoae (Ae.A.Aiaiyaeainueea, A.I.Ae?oaeei?i oa
?i.).

Aea aea/aiiy ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/ii? e?oa?aoo?e aeicaieeei iii?oeoe
?ica?aei?noue iaoeiaoe?a o iiaeyaeao ia ieoaiiy oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoeo
oai?/eo cae?aiinoae, cie?aia: ye iniaeno?noue noa? oai?/ith, ye
?icaeiooe ?? oai?/ee iioaioe?ae. Iaaeinoaiuei oaeiae aea/aia i?iaeaia
ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? oai?/ino?. Naia oe? ianoaaeie – iaiiaia
oai?aoe/ia ?ic?iaeai?noue ? iaoiaee/ia aeine?aeaeai?noue i?iaeaie o
ii?aeiaii? c ?? aaeeeith i?aeoe/iith cia/ou?noth ? aeooaeuei?noth –
ni?e/eieee aea?? oaie iaoi? ?iaioe: “?icaeoie oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a
iniiaii? caaaeueiiina?oiuei? oeiee c eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy
iaeyao ia o?ieao o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy ”.

Ia`?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy: i?ioean oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a ia
o?ieao o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy.

I?aaeiao aeine?aeaeaiiy: niaoe?aeueii i?aai?ciaaia iaa/aeueii-oai?/a
ae?yeuei?noue ia o?ieao eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao, ye
iniiaa oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a 5-9 eean?a.

Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy: oai?aoe/ii iaa?oiooaaoe oa aenia?eiaioaeueii
ia?aa??eoe ci?no ? iaoiaeeeo i?aai?caoe?? ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei?
ae?yeueiino?, ye? caaacia/othoue aoaeoeai?noue oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo
cae?aiinoae o/i?a 5-9 eean?a ia o?ieao eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy
iaeyao.

A?iioaca aeine?aeaeaiiy – a iniiao iaoiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aoei
iieeaaeaii i?eiouaiiy i?i oa, ui oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae oeiey??a
ia o?ieao eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao aoaea aoaeoeai?oei.
yeui:

– oeueiio ni?eyoeia niaoe?aeueii i?aai?ciaaiee, nenoaiaoe/iee oai?/ee
oa?aeoa? iaa/aiiy, aeeth/aiee aei iaa/aeueii-i?ciaaaeueii? oa i?aeoe/ii?
ae?yeueiino?;

– no?oeoo?a ci?noo ?ic?iaeaia ye aio/ea aeeiai?/ia nenoaia, eio?a
aaeaeaaoia eiie?aoiei oiiaai iaaeaaia?/iiai i?ioeano;

– aecia/aia ? aeei?enoiao?oueny nenoaia iniaeno?nii e nioe?aeueii
cia/oueo iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo caaaeaiue ??ciiai ??aiy neeaaeiino?, yea
i???ioiaaia ia ?iaeea?aeoaeuei?noue o/iy, nooi?iue eiai
i?aeaioiaeaiino?.

?aae?caoe?y iinoaaeaii? iaoe oa aeiaaaeaiiy a?iioace ia?aaeaa/athoue
ae??oaiiy oaeeo caaaeaiue:

– aecia/eoe iaoeiai-oai?aoe/i? ia?aaeoiiae oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo
cae?aiinoae iniaenoino? a i?ioean? ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei?
ae?yeueiino? ii ?ic?iaoe? eiino?oeoe?? iiaeae? iaeyao;

– aeyaeoe iiaeeeaino? ae?aaiinoeee ? aecia/eoe e?eoa??? ioe?iee ??aiae
noi?iiaaiino? oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a c iaoith aecia/aiiy oi?i,
iaoiae?a ? cania?a iaaeaaia?/iiai aieeao ia o?ieao eiino?othaaiiy oa
iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao;

– oai?aoe/ii iaa?oiooaaoe e aecia/eoe no?oeoo?o
ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? ae?yeueiino? a oiiaao ?? i?aai?caoe??, ye
iaeiiai ?c cania?a ?icaeoeo oai?/iai iioaioe?aeo iniaenoino?;

– aenia?eiaioaeueii ia?aa??eoe ?ic?iaeaio nenoaio iaa/aiiy c eiiieaenii
iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo caaaeaiue ??ciiai ??aiy neeaaeiino?, yea ni?ey?
aoaeoeaiiio oi?ioaaiith oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o oeiey??a.

Iaoiaeieia?/io oa oai?aoe/io iniiao aeine?aeaeaiiy noaiiaeyoue
nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae aei oe?e?nieo iaaeaaia?/ieo i?ioean?a ? yaeu, iaoeia?
iieiaeaiiiy i?i ?ieue ae?yeueiino? o oi?ioaaii? oai?/eo cae?aiinoae
o/i?a; iniiai? iieiaeaiiy Caeiio Oe?a?ie “I?i ina?oo”, Aea?aeaaii?
iaoe?iiaeueii? i?ia?aie “Ina?oa” (Oe?a?ia OO? noie?ooy), eiiieaeniee
i?aeo?ae aei aeoiaaiiy oai?/i? iniaenoino?, iioei?caoe?y iaaeaaia?/iiai
i?ioeano, ?ioaineo?eaoe?y iaa/aiiy (TH.E.Aaaainueeee,
A.A.Iia?aeiiinoeaa), iniaeno?nii-i???ioiaaia iiaeaeue iaa/aiiy oeiey??a
(I.ss.Naa/aiei), aei/ia oi?ia iiaea/? iaoa??aeo (A.O.Oaoaeia).

O aeine?aeaeaii? aeei?enoiaoaaeeny oae? iaoiaee:

aiae?c ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/ii? e?oa?aoo?e oa ocaaaeueiaiiy iaea?aeaii?
?ioi?iaoe??, aea/aiiy iaa/aeueii-iaoiaee/ii? aeieoiaioaoe??, aeina?ae
?iaioe iaaeaaia?a-iiaaoi??a, aieaooaaiiy, aan?aee, oanooaaiiy,
iaaeaaia?/ia niino?aaeaiiy, aenia?eiaio, aenia?oi? ioe?iee, aiae?c
?acoeueoao?a ae?yeueiino?, iaoiaee noaoenoe/ii? ia?iaee ?acoeueoao?a
aeine?aeaeaiiy.

Aaca aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aenia?eiaioaeueii-aeine?aeia ?iaioa ? iaaeaaia?/ia
niinoa?aaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeeny a oeie?-a?iiac?? ?3 i.Oa?niia, NO ?13, ?32,
?49, ?50 i.Oa?niia, NO n?e Eueaiaa oa Ieuea?aee Aa??neaanueeiai ?aeiio
Oa?niinueei? iaeano?. Aenia?eiaioii ioiieaii 324 o/i?, 42 a/eoae?
o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? a oiio, ui ?ic?iaeaii,
oai?aoe/ii iaa?oioiaaii ? ai?iaiaaii nenoaio i?aai?caoe??
ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? ae?yeueiino?, yea ni?ey? aoaeoeaiiio
oi?ioaaiith oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a, i?aeaeuo? ?o ??aaiue ciaiue ?
iaenoa?iino? ia o?ieao c eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao,
?ic?iaeaii oa ai?iaiaaii eiiieaen iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo caaaeaiue ??ciiai
??aiy neeaaeiino?; aecia/aii e?eoa??? noi?iiaaiino? oai?/eo cae?aiinoae:
ai?iiy o/i?a i?aai?coaaoe naith iaa/aeueii-i?ciaaaeueio ae?yeuei?noue;
caeaoi?noue aei ae?iaeaiiy iiai? ?aea?, iiooe i?ea?iaeueieo ??oaiue
eiino?oeoe?e iiaeaeae iaeyao; oi?iiy neiioeaio?oaaoe oaaao ia iaea?eueo
aaaeeeaeo aeaiaioao iiaeae?, i?iya noa?aiiino?; iaae/ee i?e aeeiiaii?
??ciiai ??aiy neeaaeiino? iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo caaaeaiue; cae?ai?noue
eeaneo?eoaaoe, aiae?coaaoe, neioacoaaoe, aeueoa?iaoeaii, ianoaiaea?oii
ieneeoe, naiino?eii aeeiioaaoe i?aeoe/io ?iaioo oa ia ?o iniia?
anoaiiaeaii ??ai? noi?iiaaiino? oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a.

Oai?aoe/ia cia/aiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy: ooi/iaii nooi?noue iiiyooy “oai?/?
cae?aiino?”, cai?iiiiiaaii aoaie niaoe?aeueii i?aai?ciaaii?
ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? ae?yeueiino? ia o?ieao o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy
oa iieacaii ?? aieea ia oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy aecia/a?oueny oei, ui:

– ?ic?iaeai? e aenia?eiaioaeueii ia?aa??ai? oai?aoe/i? iieiaeaiiy
neeaaeathoue ?aaeueio iniiao aeey i?aai?caoe?? niaoe?aeueii?
ae?yeueiino? ia o?ieao eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao, ui
aeicaieeei noi?ioaaoe oai?/? yeino? iniaenoino?, iie?aueoe ooaeiaeith e
eiino?oeoi?nueeo ina?oo ? anoaoe/ia aeoiaaiiy oeiey??a, i?aeaeueoe ?o
caaaeueiee eoeueoo?iee ??aaiue;

– ?ic?iaeaiee ? aeei?enoiao?oueny eiiieaen iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo caaaeaiue
??ciiai ??aiy neeaaeiino?, yeee i???ioiaaiee ia ?iaeea?aeoaeuei?noue
o/iy, nooi?iue eiai i?aeaioiaeaiino?;

– ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? ye
iaoeiai-iaoiaee/ia iniiaa aeey aaeineiiaeaiiy ci?noo, oi?i, iaoiae?a ?
cania?a iaa/aiiy ia o?ieao o?oaeiaiai iaaa/iiy.

Iaae?ei?noue ? a??ia?aei?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy oa iniiaieo aeniiae?a
?iaioe caaacia/ai? oai?aoe/iei iaa?oiooaaiiyi aeo?aeieo iieiaeaiue;
iii?ith ia no/ani? aeinyaiaiiy iaaeaaia?ee, aeei?enoaiiyi
aca?iiaeiiiaithth/eo iaoiae?a aeine?aeaeaiiy, aaeaeaaoieo eiai
i?aaeiaoo, iao? ? caaaeaiiyi, ii?aeiaiiyi ye?niiai ? e?euee?niiai
aiae?co aii???/iiai iaoa??aeo, ?acoeueoaoaie aenia?eiaioaeueii? ?iaioe;
canoinoaaiiyi iaoiae?a iaoaiaoe/ii? noaoenoeee aeey ia?iaee
?acoeueoao?a aenia?eiaioo.

Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy, ui aeiinyoueny ia caoeno:

1. Niaoe?aeueii i?aai?ciaaia ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueea
ae?yeuei?noue iiaea ?icaeyaeaoeny aoaeoeaiei caniaii oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo
cae?aiinoae o/i?a, yea aeeth/a? a naaa aeaa iine?aeiaieo aeiee
i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino? ia o?ieao c eiino?othaaiiy oa
iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao, ia?oee c yeeo ia? i?ciaaaeueia cia/aiiy, a
ae?oaee – oi?ioth/o ni?yiiaai?noue.

2. Caaacia/aiiy iine?aeiaiino? o oi?ioaaii? ??ai?a oai?/eo cae?aiinoae
iiaeiii cae?enithaaoenue ia iniia? eiiieaeniino? oa aa??aoeaiino?
caaaeaiue oai?/iai oa?aeoa?o.

3. Ia?aaeoiiaith ?icaeoeo oai?/iai iioaioe?aeo iniaenoino? a oiiaao
niaoe?aeueii i?aai?ciaaii? iaa/aeueii-oai?/i? ae?yeueiino? iiaeiii noaoe
ocaiaeaeaiiy ??aiy iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo caaaeaiue ?c nooiaiai
noi?iiaaiino? oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a.

Ai?iaaoe?y aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy
?icaeyaeaeenue ia can?aeaiiyo eaoaae?e iaaeaaia?ee ? eaoaae?e iaoiaeeee
o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy oa i?ioi???ioaoe?? Oa?niinueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo, ia ca?oieo iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo
iaoeiai-aeine?aeii? ?iaioe eaoaae? Oa?niinueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo (1996-1998 ?.?.), ia iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e
eiioa?aioe?? “Oi?ioaaiiy anoaoe/iiai aeina?aeo a/eoaey” (i.Oa?nii, 1995
?.), ia iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Aeooaeuei? i?iaeaie
iaaeaaia?/ii? oai??? ? i?aeoeee” (i.Oa?nii, 1997 ?.), ia eiieo?n?
“O/eoaeue ?ieo” (i.Oa?nii, 1998 ?.), ia iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe??
“Aea/aiiy, ocaaaeueiaiiy oa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ia?aaeiaiai iaaeaaia?/iiai
aeina?aeo” (i.Oa?nii,1998 ?.), ia iaoeiai-iaoiaee/ieo nai?ia?ao a/eoae?a
o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy i.Oa?niia (1996 – 1998 ?.?.).

Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy o i?aeoeeo. Iaoa??aee aeine?aeaeaiiy aeei?enoiaothoueny
o iaa/aeueii-aeoiaiiio i?ioean? na?aaei?o oe?e (i.Oa?niia), n?euenueeeo
oe?e (Eueaiaa oa Ieuea?aee Aa?eneaanueeiai ?aeiio); iniiai? iieiaeaiiy
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe a?aeia?aaeaii o 8 ioae?eaoe?yo aeena?oaioa.

No?oeoo?a oa ianya aeena?oaoe??: aeena?oaoe?eia aeine?aeaeaiiy
neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, aeaio ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaii?
e?oa?aoo?e (207 aeaea?ae), 3-o aeiaeaoe?a. Oaenoiaa /anoeia aeena?oaoe??
aeeeaaeaia ia 165 noi??ieao, i?i?ethno?iaaia 3 noaiaie oa 2
oaaeeoeyie, 2 ae?aa?aiaie, o?aaiaioaie o?ie?a.

INIIAIEE CI?NO AeENA?OAOe??

O anooi? iaa?oioiaaii aeooaeuei?noue aeine?aeaeoaaii? i?iaeaie,
noi?ioeueiaaii ia`?eo, i?aaeiao, iaoo, a?iioaco oa caaaeaiiy
aeine?aeaeaiiy, ?ice?eoi iaoiaeieia?/io iniiao ?iaioe, aena?oeaii
iaoeiao iiaecio, oai?aoe/ia oa i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy,
i?aaenoaaeai? iniiai? iieiaeaiiy, ye? aeiinyoueny ia caoeno.

O ia?oiio ?icae?e? “Oai?aoe/i? canaaee oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae
o/i?a “ aena?oeaii ?noi?e/iee aniaeo, no/aniee noai i?iaeaie,
aiae?co?oueny aoaeoeai?noue ?nioth/eo oeyo?a oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo
cae?aiinoae o/i?a. Aiae?c noaio oai?aoe/ii? oa aenia?eiaioaeueii?
?ic?iaee i?iaeaie oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a 5 – 9 eean?a ia
o?ieao o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy aeicaieea aeie?aieoe iaai? iai?yiee, ca yeeie
cae?niththoueny oai?aoe/ii-aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy oai?/eo
iaoee?a, cie?aia ?ic?iaee eiino?oeoe?? iiaeae? iaeyao o/iyie
na?aaeiueiai oe?eueiiai a?eo.

O no/ani?e ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/i?e iaooe? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaeaie
cae?aiinoae a?aeaoaa?oueny i?ae aieeaii i?aoeue A.N.Einothea,
I.N.Eaeoana, I.I.Eaiioue?aa, E.E.Ieaoiiiaa, N.E.?oa?iooaeia,
A.I.O?ieiaa, TH.I.Naia??ia. A?eueo?noth aeine?aeiee?a i?eeiyoa
aecia/aiiy cae?aiinoae, yea a na?e /an aeaa eiio A.I.O?ieia, a i?ci?oa –
I.N.Eaeoan. Ca oeei aecia/aiiyi, cae?aiino? – oea oae?
?iaeea?aeoaeueii-ineoieia?/i? iniaeeaino?, ye? iathoue a?aeiioaiiy aei
oni?oiino? aeeiiaiiy ae?yeueiino?. Cae?aiino? ia iiaeooue caiaeeoenue
aei iayaieo ciaiue, iaae/ie /e oi?iue, aea aiie iiaeooue iiynieoe
eaae?noue ? oaeaee?noue iaaoooy oeeo ciaiue oa iaae/ie. Oaea aecia/aiiy
aeaco? ia aaaeeeao aeey i?aeoeee ianoaaeio: cae?aiino? ethaeeie iiaeia
aeyaeoe e ioe?ieoe ia iniia? ?acoeueoao?a ?? eiie?aoii? ae?yeueiino?
(iaa/aeueii?).

A aeena?oaoe?? iieacaii, ui o no/ani?e ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/i?e iaooe?
?niothoue ??ci? iiaeyaee ia iioiaeaeaiiy cae?aiinoae ? oai?aoe/i?
i?aeoiaee aei ?o aea/aiiy. Aei iaea?eueo /?oei ie?aneaieo na?aae ieo
ne?ae a?aeianoe ae?yeuei?nii-iniaeno?niee (?.I.?eue?i, A.A.Eiaaeueia,
A.I.O?ieia) ? ooieoe?iiaeueii-aaiaoe/iee (A.A.Aiaiue?a, E.E.Ieaoiiia,
N.E.?oa?iooaei) i?aeoiaee. Inoaii?i /anii a ineoieia??? aecia/eany
i?aeo?ae aei aea/aiiy cae?aiinoae c iiceoe?? eiie?aoieo iniaeeainoae
ie?aii acyoi? ethaeeie, c iiceoe?? ?iaeea?aeoaeueii-ineoieia?/ieo
a?aei?iiinoae o cae?aiinoyo (A.I.Aieoa?aa, A.?.Eaaee?ia, I.N.Eaeoan).
Aeieeaaeii ?icaeyioo? a aeena?oaoe?? a?aei?iiino? i?ae ?nioth/eie
i?aeoiaeaie aei aea/aiiy cae?aiinoae iieacothoue, ui aiie cian?i ia
noia?a/aoue iaeei iaeiiio, eiaeai c ieo aeine?aeaeo? eeoa iaeei a?e
i?iaeaie ? ia iiaea i?aoaiaeoaaoe ia ?? ae??oaiiy a oe?eiio. Aeineoue
noia?/eeaa ?icoi?iiy iioiaeaeaiiy cae?aiinoae i?aaenoaaieeaie ??cieo
oe?e iiaeia iiynieoe ia no?eueee i?eioeeiiaeie iiceoe?yie (ye oea /anoi
iiaea?oueny i?e ?o ?icaeyae?), ne?eueee naieie i?aeoiaeaie aei oeueiai.

Aea/aiiy ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/ii? e?oa?aoo?e iieaco?, ui oi?ioaaiiy
oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a aaco?oueny:

1) ia i?ia?aei?e ?ie? iaa/aiiy a oai?/iio oi?ioaaii? o/i?a
(E.N.Aeaionueeee, A.N.Einothe). Iaa/aiiy iiaeiii i???iooaaoeny ia o?
ooieoe??, ye? noeioeththoue oai?/a oi?ioaaiiy ae?oae;

2) ia aca?iica`yceo oe?ean?yiiaaiiai oi?ioaaiiy o oeiey??a iaa/aeueii?
ae?yeueiino? ? ?? oai?/iai ?icaeoeo (TH.E.Aaaainueeee, A.O.Iaeaia?/oe).
Oeyo, ca yeei a oiae? canai?iiy ciaiue niaoe?aeueii iaa/athoueny
?aoe?iiaeueiei i?eeiiai i?ciaaaeueii? ae?yeueiino?, noeioeth? ?oi?e
?icoiiaee ?icaeoie, a?aeiia?aea? caaaeaiith ?icaeaaeueiiai iaa/aiiy;

3) ia i?iaeaiiiio iaa/aii? a oai?/iio oi?ioaaii? o/i?a
(O.A.Eoae?yaoeaa, I.I.Ieaenthe, Ae.I.Ooi?aeaanueeee). I?iaeaiia iaa/aiiy
– oei ?icaeaaeueiiai iaa/aiiy, ci?no yeiai aecia/aiee nenoaiith
i?iaeaiieo caaaeaiue ??ciiai ??aiy neeaaeiino?. Aiii ni?yiiaaia ia
oi?ioaaiiy oi?iue naiino?eii ?ica`ycoaaoe i?ciaaaeuei? i?iaeaie, ia
?icaeoie oai?/iai ieneaiiy o/i?a;

4) ia aeoeai?e iiceoe?? o/iy a iaa/aeueiiio i?ioean? (A.A.Aeaaeaeia,
TH.E.Aaaainueeee, ?.Ae.Ca???a oa ?io?). O?eueee oiae? iiaeia aiai?eoe
i?i aeoeai?noue o/iy, yeui a i?ioean? iaa/aiiy eiio iaaea?oueny
iiaeeea?noue iaa/aoeny a?aeiia?aeii aei nai?o iaa/aeueieo iiaeeeainoae ?
oai?/eo cae?aiinoae. Caaacia/oth/e o/iaa? a?aeiia?aeiee ??aaiue oai?/i?
i?ciaaaeueii? aeoeaiino?, ia o?ioe? noai?ththoueny oiiae aeey iino?eiiai
oneeaaeiaiiy iaoa??aeo, yeee aea/a?oueny, ? oai?/iai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai,
ui aeieeathoue a i?ioean? o/?iiy.

Oai?/? cae?aiino? iaie ?icaeyaeathoueny ye i?aai?/ia ?aei?noue aenieiai
??aiy ciaiue na?aeiii? iniaenoino? c ?? i?e?iaeieie caaeaoeaie,
?iaeea?aeoaeueieie iniaeeainoyie, ?icaeiaieie, oaeineiiaeaieie a
i?ioean? niaoe?aeueii i?aai?ciaaii? oai?/i? ae?yeueiino?, ni?yiiaaii? ia
i?iya iniaeeainoae eiaeiiai, ia caaeiaieaiiy aeooiaieo, anoaoe/ieo,
ii?aeueieo iio?aa iniaenoino? oa noni?euenoaa.

I?ioean i?aai?caoe?? oai?/i? ae?yeueiino? a iaoiio aeine?aeaeaii?
a?oiooaaany ia ?aeiino? ?aoe?iiaeueiiai, aiioe?eiiai ? ae?yeuei?niiai
eiiiiiaio?a oai?/iai ?icaeoeo iniaenoino?.

Ia iniia? aiae?co niaoeeo?ee i?iyao aeeaeaeoe/ieo i?eioeei?a iaa/aiiy a
i?ioean? ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? ae?yeueiino?, a aeine?aeaeaii?
aoei aeyaeaii oiiae, ui caaacia/othoue ?icaeoie oai?/eo cae?aiinoae
oeiey??a ia o?ieao ianeoaiaoth/i? i?aoe?. I?ae iaaeaaia?/ieie oiiaaie a
iaoiio aeine?aeaeaii? ?icaeyaea?oueny ni?eyoeeaa i?aai?caoe?y
niaoe?aeueii? o?oaeiai? ae?yeueiino? c iaoith iineeaiiy oa aeoea?caoe??
?? oai?/iai aieeao. Oni?o ?? caeaaeeoeia a?ae oaeeo oiia:

1) iaoeiai-iaoiaee/iiai caaacia/aiiy iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano;

2) iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/iiai iniauaiiy caiyoue o iaa/aeueieo iaenoa?iyo;

3) i?aaeeueiiai ? oai?/iai i?aeai?o iaoiae?a iaa/aiiy;

4) caaacia/aiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueiino? iaa/aiiy;

5) ??oaiiy eiie?aoieo i?aeoe/ieo caaaeaiue, ye? a?aeiia?aeathoue
nooiaith i?aeaioiaeaiino? o/i?a aeey ?o aeeiiaiiy.

A aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? iieacaii, ui aieiaieie ia?aaeoiiaaie oni?oiiai
?icaeoeo oai?/eo cae?aiinoae iniaenoino? iiaeii? aenooiaoe:
?ioaeaeooaeueia aeoeai?noue, iiooeiaa ?i?oe?aoeaa, i?aaiaiiy aei
naiiaaeineiiaeaiiy, ui iiaeiii caaacia/oaaoe aea?? aei eiaeiiai c ieo
a?aeiia?aeiee aeae iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino?. Ii?yae c oeei, iaie
aecia/aii, ui oai?/? cae?aiino? a ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nuee?e
ae?yeueiino? ii ?ic?iaoe? eiino?oeoe?e iaeyao iiaeooue ?icaeaaoeny c
a?aooaaiiyi iniaeeainoae oe??? ae?yeueiino?. Oe?eani?yiiaaia ?o
oi?ioaaiiy iiaeiii iie?aoeny ia ?iaeea?aeoaeuei? yeino? iniaenoino?, ia
?? i?e?iaei? caaeaoee, iaoeee, caaacia/oth/e naiiae?aaeaiiy e
naiiaaeineiiaeaiiy a i?ioean? ?icaeoeo iniaenoino?.

Aeey aecia/aiiy iniaeeainoae ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? ae?yeueiino?
c eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao a aeena?oaoe?? aeae?eaii oa
i?iaiae?ciaaii oae? ?? aeaee, ye? a?ae??ciythoueny i?ae niaith ci?noii
aeeiioaaeueieo ?ia?o ca nooiaiai ?o neeaaeiino?:

1) oi?ioaaiiy oai?/iai caaeoio ;

2) ae?yeuei?noue, iia`ycaia c ?ic?iaeith oai?/iai caaaeaiiy oa ane?co
iiaeae? iaeyao;

3) ?ic?iaea eiino?oeoe?? iiaeae? (i?iaaaeaiiy aiae?co iniiaieo
aeaiaio?a iiaeae?, iiaoaeiaa e?aneaiue oa aeaioiaeaiiy eaeae);

4) ei?eaoaaiiy aeaioiaeaieo eaeae ca aeiiiiiaith oaoi?/iiai
iiaeaethaaiiy a iaeyc? a?aeiia?aeii ?ic?iaeaiiai ane?co iiaeae? iaeyao;

5) ioi?ieaiiy oaoi?/ii? aeieoiaioaoe?? ia iiaeaeue iaeyao.

Aacoiiaii, iaeya ethaeeie ? aaaeeeaa ? neeaaeia yaeua eoeueoo?e. A?i
iiaeiai a?aeoai?thaaoe aioo??oi?e na?o ethaeeie. Aieiaia, uia a iaeyc?
ethaeeie a?aeia?aaeaeeny aeoiee, ii/oooy, aeina?ae, uia a?aoiaoaaeeny
ciai?oi? aeai? iniaenoino?. O ca`yceo c oeei ia caiyooyo o?oaeiaiai
iaa/aiiy a o/i?a iiaeii? oi?ioaaoeny oae? yeino?, ye: oe?eani?yiiaaii
aeeaeoenue ? ?icoi?oe ioi/oth/a na?aaeiaeua (c??aithaaoe, ni?anoaaeyoe,
?ice?eaaoe iiae?ai?noue ? iaiaeiaeia?noue i?aaeiao?a ? yaeu); aeae?eyoe
aieiaia ia o?eueee a iaeyc?, a e a ioi/oth/iio ian na?o?; ni?eeiaoe
caeaaei?noue aeaiaio?a cia?aaeaiiy, eiino?oeoe?e, iia`ycaieo i?ae niaith
eiiiiceoe?eiith eia?eith; ?icaeaaoe o o/i?a i?aaeiaoii ?
iiiyo?eii-iaciiai ieneaiiy, ??ci? aeaee iai`yo?, oyaeaiiy, oaioac?th,
i?ea?iaeuei?noue oa ianoaiaea?oi?noue ieneaiiy; cae?aiino? aiae?coaaoe ?
neioacoaaoe o ooaeiaeiueiio ia?ac? ?aaeuei? i?aaeiaoe ? yaeua ia iniia?
ni?anoaaeaiiy ? iiooe?a aeaeaeeo oa aeecueeeo aiaeia?e; ?icaeoie
naini?ieo oi?iue ? iaae/ie c iaoith aaeineiiaeaiiy ooieoe?iiaeueieo
iiaeeeainoae i?aai?a ii/ooo?a, i?aeaeuaiiy ?o caaaeueii? /ooeeaino? ia
iniia? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai aiae?co ia`?eo?a ? yaeu ioi/oth/i?
ae?eniino?; oi?ioaaiiy iaae/ie eiiiiceoe??, oi?iiy ieaioaaoe ?
i?aeae?aoe iaoa??aee ? ?ino?oiaioe; oi?ioaaiiy niaoe?aeueieo i?aeoe/ieo
oi?iue ? iaae/ie; oi?iiy ieaioaaiiy nai?? ae?yeueiino? i?ae /an
aeeiiaiiy iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo caaaeaiue ??ciiai ??aiy neeaaeiino?.

On? oe? iai?yiee ae?yeueiino? aeoaea aeia?a ao?eththoueny i?e aea/aii?
eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao o/iyie, yeee c aeaai?o /an?a aoa
caaaeaee iieacieeii nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo oiia aeeoy ia?iaeo.

A ae?oaiio ?icae?e? “Iaa?oiooaaiiy no?oeoo?e ci?noo e iaoiaeeee
i?aai?caoe?? niaoe?aeueii? ae?yeueiino? o/i?a ia o?ieao c
eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao” iieacaii i?ioean oi?ioaaiiy
oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a ia o?ieao o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy, oi?ie
i?aai?caoe?? ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? ae?yeueiino? o/i?a c
aeei?enoaiiyi iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo caaaeaiue ??ciiai ??aiy neeaaeiino?,
i?aai?caoe?th oa o?ae aenia?eiaioaeueii? ?iaioe.

A aeena?oaoe?? iieacaii, ui ci?no o?ie?a c eiino?othaaiiy oa
iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao iiaeiai a?oiooaaoenue ia:

– a?aeiia?aeiino? ci?noo cai?iiiiiaaiiai ianyao ciaiue caaaeueiei
aeiiaai ? caaaeaiiy iaa/aeueii-aeoiaiiai i?ioeano;

– iiaeeeaino? oi?ioaaiiy oa ?icaeoeo oai?/i? ?iaeea?aeoaeueiino? e
nioe?aeueii? aeoeaiino? a iaaeaaia?/iiio i?ioean?;

– ia iae?eo iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/iiai caaacia/aiiy oe?e aeey o?ie?a ?c
cai?iiiiiaaieo aeae?a ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? oai?/ino? a i?ioean?
noai?aiiy i?iaeo?a iiaeaeae iaeyao.

A iniiao niaoe?aeueii i?aai?ciaaii? iaa/aeueii-oai?/i? ae?yeueiino?,
ni?yiiaaii? ia ?icaeoie oai?/eo cae?aiinoae oeiey??a aoei iieeaaeaii:
ooaeiaei? i?iaeooaaiiy iiaeaeae iaeyao, ?ic?iaeo ?o eiino?oeoe?e,
iiaeaethaaiiy e ooaeiaei? ioi?ieaiiy ae?ia?a. Cai?iiiiiaai? aoaie
iaa/aeueii-oai?/i? ae?yeueiino? ia o?ieao c eiino?othaaiiy oa
iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao aeeth/athoue aeaa neeaaeieee:

– aaciaee eiiiiiaio, yeee ? aecia/a? no?oeoo?o ci?noo i?aaeiaoa,
aenoaa? iia? iniiai? aeiiae aei ciaiue, oi?iue ? iaae/ie;

– eiiieaen iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo caaaeaiue, ni?yiiaaieo ia aeyaeaiiy e
?icaeoie ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueeeo oai?/eo
cae?aiinoae iniaenoino?.

Iniaeea?noue cai?iiiiiaaieo aoai?a ae?yeueiino? iieyaa? a oiio, ui aiie
iinyoue a?aee?eoee, aeeiai?/iee oa?aeoa? ? ci???ioiaai? ia oai?/o
ni?ai?aoeoth a/eoaey e o/iy. Oea icia/a?, ui eiaeiee ianooiiee aoai
iiaea ci?ithaaoeny e aa??thaaoeny a i?ioean? aca?iiae?? aeaio noa`?eo?a
iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino? (a/eoaey oa o/iy) /a?ao ?o ?iaeea?aeoaeueio
iioeaaoe?th, ?ioaeaeooaeueiee oai?/ee ae?aeia.

Cai?iiiiiaaia no?oeoo?a ae?yeueiino? ?aae?ciaaia a iaa/aeuei?e i?ia?ai?
a iniiao yei? iieeaaeaiee oaiaoe/iee i?eioeei ieaioaaiiy, ?ic?aoiaaiee
ia aea/aiiy iaoa??aeo “aeieaie”, ui caaacia/o? aa??aoeai?noue ?
aio/e?noue.

Nooue oaiaoe/ii-aei/iiai ci?noo i?ia?aie iieyaa?:

-o iiaea/? iaoa??aeo, aaeeeiai ca ianyaii, ia ii/aoeo ae/aiiy oaie, ui
aea/a?oueny, ? eiai aeeaieiio aea/aii?;

-o /?oe?e, iine?aeiai?e i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano ia o?ieao c
eiino?othaaiiy e iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao, ui noai?th? oiiae aeey
ca?eueiaiiy /ano ia oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a o ianooiiiio
aeioe?, i?aeoe/iiio ?o ae?aaeaiith i?ae /an aeeiiaiiy ane?c?a-aa??aio?a
? ?ic?iaee eiino?oeoi?nueeeo iniaeeainoae oaoi?/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy;

-o ca’yceo o?ie?a c eiino?othaaiiy e iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao c ?yaeii
?ioeo aeenoeeie?i: iaoaiaoeeith, ia?acioai?/ei ienoaoeoaii, ?noi???th,
i?e?iaeiaaaeaiiyi, e?aneaiiyi.

Iiae?aia no?oeoo?a i?ia?aie ii eiaeiiio c ?icae?e?a aeeth/a? /ioe?e
iine?aeiaieo aoaie iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino? ia o?ieao c eiino?othaaiiy
oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao.

Ia?oee aoai ia?aaeaa/a? aeoeaio ?iaioo a/eoaey e o/i?a: oe?e?nia
iiaea/a iaoa??aeo, aeei?enoaiiy iia?aeiieaiue o/i?a, cacaeaeaa?aeue
i?aeaioiaeaieo c aeaiiai ieoaiiy, neeaaeaiiy ?ino?oeoe?eieo ea?o i?ae
/an canai?iiy iaoa??aeo. Ae?oaee aoai ia?aaeaa/a? canai?iiy e
aeei?enoaiiy i?eeii?a ooaeiaeiueiai i?iaeooaaiiy iiaeaeae iaeyao (a
i?ioean? i?iaeooaaiiy iiaeae?) ? ?ic?aooie?a, i?eeii?a iiaoaeiae
e?aneaiue (a i?ioean? ?ic?iaee eiino?oeoe?? ae?iao e oaoi?/iiai
ioi?ieaiiy iaeyao). O i?ioean? ooaeiaeiueiai i?iaeooaaiiy ae?iao
cae??ieththoueny a?ao?/i? ai?iiy e iaae/ee, a a i?ioean? aeeiiaiiy
iiaoaeiae e?aneaiiy oi?iothoueny eiino?oeoi?nuee? ai?iiy e iaae/ee.
Iaeii/anii a/eoaeue i?iaiaeeoue iieooaaiiy o/i?a ca niaoe?aeueieie
ea?oeaie-caaaeaiiyie, ca aeiiiiiaith yeeo a?i ia o?eueee iiaea
ia?aa??eoe ??aaiue ciaiue o/i?a, a e aecia/eoe nooi?iue i?aeaioiaeaiino?
oeiey??a aei aeeiiaiiy eiino?oeoi?nueeiai caaaeaiy (a i?ioean?
i?iaeooaaiiy iiaeae? iaeyao) ? oaoie/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy ( o i?ioean?
?ic?iaee eiino?oeoe?? iiaeae?). Oaea i?aai?caoe?y ?iaioe aeiiiieoue /an
aeey oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae ia ianooiiiio o?aoueiio aoai?,
eio?ee ia?aaeaa/a? aeeiiaiiy o/iyie eiino?oeoi?nueeiai caaaeaiiy (o
i?iaeoi?e ae?yeueiino?) ? oaoi?/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy (o i?ioean?
eiino?oeoi?nueei? ae?yeueiino?). Oeae i?ioean i?ioiaeeoue iaeaea aac
ao?o/aiiy a/eoaey. *aoaa?oee aeie – oea aeyaeaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o
i?ioean? ?ic?iaee ane?c?a-aa??aio?a ? oaoi?/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy, ui
noi?iaiaeaeo?oueny caiiaiaiiyi oaoi?/ii? aeieoiaioaoe??.

Cai?iiiiiaaiee i?ia?aiith eiiieaen iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo caaaeaiue ?
aaeeeee ianya oai?aoe/ii? ?ioi?iaoe?? ia aenieiio ??ai? neeaaeiino?
?icaeaa? ?ioaeaeooaeueii, ii?iaeaeo? aeoeai?noue ? ?i?oe?aoeai?noue,
aaeineiiaeth? iaenoa?i?noue.

Iieeaaeaia a iniiao ?icaeoeo oai?/eo cae?aiinoae oeiey??a iaoiaeeea,
ioe?ithaaeanue aenia?eiaioaeueii. A i?ioean? aenia?eiaioaeueiiai
iaa/aiiy aiae?coaaany aieea cai?iiiiiaaieo aoai?a oa cania?a ia ??ai?
noi?iiaaiino? oai?/eo cae?aiinoae oeiey??a.

Aeey ioe?ithaaiiy noi?iiaaiino? oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a ?ic?iaeaii
e?eoa???, eiaeai c yeeo oa?aeoa?eco? iaai? aeaiaioe
ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? oai?/i? ae?yeueiino?:

– caeaoi?noue aei aaia?aoe?? oai?/i? ?aea? oa iiooe iiaiai
i?ea?iaeueiiai ??oaiiy eiino?oeoe?? iiaeae? iaeyao;

– ai?iiy nieaioaaoe oa i?aai?coaaoe ae?yeuei?noue;

– ai?iiy aeae?eeoe iaea?eueo nooo?a? aeaiaioe ae?yeueiino?;

– ia?aianaiiy caaaeueii-o?oaeiaeo iaae/ie a niaoeeo?/i? oiiae
ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? ae?yeueiino?;

– nooi?iue a?aeiia?aeiino? oai?/i? ?ic?iaee oiiaai iaa/aeueiiai
caaaeaiiy.

A iniiao ioe?ithaaiiy eiaeiiai e?eoa??th aoei iieeaaeaii nooi?iue
naiino?eiino? oa i?aaiaiiy aei i?ea?iaeueiino? eiaeiiai o/iy o aeeiiaii?
iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo caaaeaiue. Oaea a?aaeaoe?y iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo
aeaiaio?a ae?yeueiino? aeaea iiaeeea?noue ioe?ithaaoe ?o
?acoeueoaoeai?noue ia iniia? ?acoeueoao?a i?aeoe/ii? ae?yeueiino? o/i?a.
Oea ciaoiaeeei i?iya o oiio, iane?eueee naiino?eii eiaeai o/aiue i?a
aeeiioaaoe iinoaaeaia ia?aae iei caaaeaiiy, ai?a ?aoe?iiaeueii e o
aea?ai?e iine?aeiaiino? i?aai?coaaoe i?ioean naiino?eii? ?iaioe,
aeae?eya o iueiio aieiai? oa ae?oai?yaei? aeaiaioe, ai?a i?aaeeueii
ioe?ieoe aieiaia e ae?oai?yaeia o nai?e ae?yeueiino? ?, ia?aoo?,
iane?eueee aeeiiaia i?aeoe/ia caaaeaiiy aoei iaiiaiaia aeaiaioaie
oai?/ino?.

Aecia/ai? a aeine?aeaeaii? e?eoa??? ioe?ithaaiiy oa iinoaaeaii? ?i o
a?aeiia?aei?noue ??ai? ?icaeoeo oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a iaaaaeai? o
oaaeeoe? 1.

Oaaeeoey 1.

E?eoa??? ioe?ithaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae??ai? noi?iiaaiino? iecueeee
na?aaei?eaenieeeCaeaoi?noue aei aaia?aoe?? oai?/i? ?aea? oa iiooe
i?ea?iaeueiiai ??oaiiy eiino?oeoe?? iiaeae? iaeyao?ic?iaea aeeiiaiia ca
c?aceii aai oaaeiiii?ic?iaea aeeiiaiia ca aeiiiiiaith ?ino?oeoe?eii?
ea?oe

?ic?iaea aeeiiaia ca aeaniei caaeoiiiAi?iiy nieaioaaoe oa i?aai?coaaoe
ae?yeuei?noueCae?eniaiiy ae?yeueiino? o caaeai?e
iine?aeiaiino?Ae?yeuei?noue cae?enith?oueny ca /anoeiai aecia/aieie
i???ioe?aieIiai?noth naiino?eia ae?yeuei?noueAi?iiy aeae?eyoe iaea?eueo
nooo?a? aeaiaioe ae?yeueiino?Iaiaaaiiy aeae?eeoe ianooo?a? aeaiaioe
eiino?oeoe?? iiaeae? iaeyaoIaiaaaiiy /anoeiai ae??cieoe iniiai? oa
aeiiii?aei? aeaiaioe ae?yeueiino?*?oea oa iine?aeiaia i???ioaoe?y a
noeoiiino? aeaiaio?a ae?yeueiino?Ia?aianaiiy caaaeueii-o?oaeiaeo iaae/ie
a niaoeeo?/i? oiiae ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei?
ae?yeueiino?A?aeaoaa?oueny aac aoaeue-yei? i???ioaoe??A?aeaoaa?oueny aac
ona?aeiieaiiy iio?aaeA?aeaoaa?oueny ona?aeiieaia oa iaa?oioiaaia
ae?yeuei?noueNooi?iue a?aeiia?aeiino? oai?/i? ?ic?iaee oiiaai
iaa/aeueiiai caaeaiiyIaa?aeiia?aei?noue oiiaai caaaeaiiy*anoeiaa
a?aeiia?aei?noue oiiaai caaaeaiiy (/anoeiaee i?iya aeaiaio?a
oai?/ino?)Iiaia a?aeiia?aei?noue aeeiiaiiy caaaeaiiy oai?/?e ?aea?

Aeey cai?iaaaeaeaiiy iaoiaeeee niaoe?aeueii i?aai?ciaaii? ae?yeueiino?
ia o?ieao eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao, a i?ioean?
aeine?aeaeaiiy ?c caeo/aieie aei aenia?eiaioo o/eoaeyie o?oaeiaiai
iaa/aiiy i?iaiaeeeenue iaoiaee/i? eiinoeueoaoe?? oa ia?aaee, ia yeeo
?ic?iaeyany ieai ni?eueii? ?iaioe. A oiae? aenia?eiaioo a/eoaeyi
aeaaaeeny ?eiiaiaeaoe?? c ieoaiue eiie?aoieo ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo
i?aeo?ae?a aei ?icaeoeo oai?/iai ieneaiiy o/i?a.

?acoeueoaoeai?noue oai?/i? ae?yeueiino? o/i?a oa aeeiai?ee ?? ?icaeoeo
ioe?ithaaeenue ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeeiiaiiy o/iyie eiio?ieueieo oai?/eo
caaaeaiue. Oe? caaaeaiiy iia`ycoaaeenue c iniiaieie aoaiaie
ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? ae?yeueiino? o/i?a: ooaeiaei?i
i?iaeooaaiiyi iaeyao oa eiino ?oeoi?nueeith ?ic?iaeith iiaeae?.

Aeoiaey/e c oiai, ui nenoaiaoe/ia niaoe?aeueii i?aai?ciaaia
iaa/aeueii-oai?/a ae?yeuei?noue oeiey??a ?icii/eeanue o?eueee a 6 eean?,
oi eiio?ieuei? c??ce o 5 eean? ia i?iaiaeeeenue.

Ocaaaeueiai? iieacieee ?acoeueoao?a aeeiiaiiy iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo
caaaeaiue o/iyie aenia?eiaioaeueieo ? eiino?ieueieo eean?a oa
anoaiiaeai? ia ?o iniia? ??ai? noi?iiaaiino? oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a
iaaaaeai? a oaaeeoe? 2.

Oaaeeoey 2.

Eeane

??ai? noi?iiaaiino? oai?/eo cae?aiinoae?iciiae?e o/i?a (a %) ca ??aiyie
noi?iiaaiino? oai?/eo cae?aiinoaeaenia?eiaioaeuei? eeane

Eiio?ieuei?
eeaneIecueeee22,935,4VINa?aaei?e67,559,5Aenieee9,65,1Iecueeee17,532,5VII
Na?aaei?e68,761,3Aenieee13,86,3Iecueeee9,927,5VIIINa?aaei?e71,663,5Aenie
ee18,58,8Iecueeee4,922,8IONa?aaei?e69,265,8Aenieee25,911,4

Aeinoia??i?noue e?euee?nieo iieaciee?a ?acoeueoao?a aenia?eiaioaeueiiai
iaa/aiiy oa ioe?iea e?euee?nieo ci?i o aeeiai?oe? ??ai?a noi?iiaaiino?
oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a cae?enithaaeinue ia iniia? noaoe/ieo iaoiae?a,
a iniiao yeeo aoei iieeaaeaii noaoenoe/iee e?eoa??e E.I??niia – O2.

E?euee?nia ioe?ithaaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aenia?eiaioaeueiiai iaa/aiiy
iieacaei ?o noaoenoe/io cia/ei?noue, ui aeaei i?aenoaae cae?enieoe
ia`?eoeaiee aiae?c ci?i o ??aiyo noi?iiaaiino? oai?/eo cae?aiinoae
oeiey??a. Ianooii? noaoenoe/i? ?ic?aooiee iieacaee c?inoaiiy iieaciee?a
oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a a ia??iae aenia?eiaioaeueiiai iaa/aiiy. Oae,
yeui ocaaaeueiaiee e?euee?niee noaoenoe/iee iieaciee anoaiiaeaiee ia
iniia? O2-e?eoa??th ia ia?oiio aoai? iaa/aiiy (6 eean) noaiiaea O2emp
9,5, oi a 7 eean? – O2emp 16,2 , o 8 eean? – O2emp 23,1, o 9 eean? –
O2emp 31,0. sse aeaeii c e?euee?nieo iieaciee?a iniaeea? c?ooaiiy a
aeeiai?oe? ?icaeoeo oai?/eo cae?aiinoae a?aeaoeeny o 8 oa 9 eeanao. E??i
oiai, aiae?c ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy cana?ae/ea i?i oa, ui ye?niee
??aaiue (ii an?o ?icaeyaeoaaeueieo aniaeoao) a aenia?eiaioaeueieo eeanao
ia 35% aeu?e i?ae o eiio?ieueieo. Oea aeaei i?aenoaae aaaaeaoe, ui iaoo
i?iaaaeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aoei aeinyaiooi.

I?iaaaeaia aeine?aeii-aenia?eiaioaeueia ?iaioa i?aeoaa?aeeea aenoiooo a
aeine?aeaeaii? a?iioaco ? aeaea i?aenoaae noi?ioethaaoe oae? aeniiaee:

1. Aaaeeeaeie oiiaaie, ui caaacia/othoue ?icaeoie oai?/eo cae?aiinoae
oeiey??a ia o?ieao eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao ne?ae aaaaeaoe
aei/io no?oeoo?o oa ia?aaeaa/aio a i?e aoaii?noue niaoe?aeueii
i?aai?ciaaii? iaa/aeueii-oai?/i? ae?yeueiino? o/i?a.

2. Aei/ia no?oeoo?a iaa/aeueii-oai?/i? ae?yeueiino? ii ?ic?iaoe?
eiino?oeoe?? iiaeae? iaeyao aoaeo?oueny a oi/i?e a?aeiia?aeiino? aei
i?ciaaaeueieo iiaeeeainoae o/i?a, iie?a?oueny ia iioeaaoe?th ?o iio?aa o
oai?/?e ae?yeueiino?.

3. ?ic?iaeaiee a aeine?aeaeaii? eiiieaen iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo caaaeaiue a
ni?ey? i?aeaeuaiith ??aiy ciaiue ? iaenoa?iino? o/i?a, ?icaeoeo ?o
oai?/iai ieneaiiy, oi?ioaaiith yeinoae oai?/i? iniaenoino?, naiino?eiiio
cae?eniaiith /anoeiai-iiooeiai? oa oai?/i? ae?yeueiino?, aeicaiey?
noi?ioaaoe i?eeiie naiiina?oe.

4. A yeino? e?eoa???a ioe?ithaaiiy noi?iiaaiino? oai?/eo cae?aiinoae
iiaeii? aenooiaoe: caeaoi?noue aei aaia?aoe?? oai?/i? ?aea? oa iiooe
iiaiai i?ea?iaeueiiai ??oaiiy eiino?oeoe?? iiaeae? iaeyao; ai?iiy
nieaioaaoe oa i?aai?coaaoe ae?yeuei?noue; ai?iiy aeae?eeoe iaea?eueo
nooo?a? aeaiaioe ae?yeueiino?; ia?aianaiiy caaaeueii-o?oaeiaeo iaae/ie a
niaoeeo?/i? oiiae ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? ae?yeueiino?; nooi?iue
a?aeiia?aeiino? oai?/i? ?ic?iaee oiiaai iaa/aeueiiai caaaeaiiy.

I?iaaaeaia aenia?eiaioaeueia ?iaioa iieacaea c?inoaiiy e?euee?nieo
iieaciee?a ?icaeoeo oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a a oiiaao niaoe?aeueii
i?aai?ciaaii? iaa/aeueii-oai?/i? ae?yeueiino?. Aeinoia??i?noue
?acoeueoao?a e?euee?nieo iieaciee?a i?aeoae?aeaeaia ?o anaa?/iei ye?niei
oa noaoenoe/iei aiae?cii.

5. Oai?/ee i?aeo?ae a/eoaey aei oi?ioaaiiy a o/i?a oai?/eo cae?aiinoae
o i?ioean? i?aai?caoe?? niaoe?aeueii? iaa/aeueii-i?ciaaaeueii?
ae?yeueiino? ca aeiiiiiaith eiiieaena iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo caaaeaiue
??ciiai ??aiy neeaaeiino? aeoiao? a ieo iio?aao a naiiaaeineiiaeaii?, a
iaoeiaiio iiooeia?, ?icaeaa? ?iaeea?aeoaeuei? aeanoeaino? eiaeiiai o/iy
oiui.

Ioaea, i?iaaaeaia iaoeiai-aenia?eiaioaeueia ?iaioa iieacaea aenieo
aoaeoeai?noue cai?iiiiiaaii? iaoiaeeee i?aai?caoe?? niaoe?aeueii?
ae?yeueiino? a oi?ioaaii? oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a 5-9 eean?a ia o?ieao
o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy oa aeoea?coaaea iaiao?aei?noue iiaeaeueoiai ae/aiiy
ie?aieo aniaeo?a icia/aii? i?iaeaie a ao?oeia?e ae?yeueiino?: i?aaiaiiy
oai?/eo aeinyaiaiue a iiooeia?e ?iaio?, cae?ai?noue aaia?oaaoe ?aea?,
aeniaoaaoe a?iioace, ieaioaaoe oa eiio?iethaaoe naith oai?/o
ae?yeuei?noue.

Iniiaiee ci?no ?iaioe a?aeia?aaeaii a oaeeo ioae?eaoe?yo:

1. Niiniae aeyaeaiiy anoaoe/iiai aeina?aeo a/eoaey // Oi?ioaaiiy
anoaoe/iiai aeina?aeo a/eoaey.: Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue. – Oa?nii:
OAeI?. – 1996. – N.17-18.

2. Oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a a i?ioean?
ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? ae?yeueiino? // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue.
– Oa?nii: OAeIO. – 1998. – Aei. I. – N. 134-138.

3. Ineoieiai-iaaeaaiae/i? aniaeoe oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a
a i?ioean? ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? ae?yeueiino? //
I?eaei?i?ianueeee iaoeiaee a?niee. – Aei?i?iiao?ianuee. – 1998. – ?65
(132). – N. 11-13.

4. ?icaeoie anoaoe/ii? eoeueoo?e o/i?a a i?ioean?
ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueei? ae?yeueiino? // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue.
– Oa?nii: OAeIO. – 1998. – Aei. I. – N. 58-61.

5. Oi?ioaaiiy oai?/i? iniaenoino? oeiey?a i?aee?oeiaiai a?eo //
I?eaei?i?ianueeee iaoeiaee a?niee. – Aei?i?iiao?ianuee. – 1998. – ?65
(132). – N. 13-16.

6. Iaa/aeueii-oai?/? caaaeaiiy – can?a oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae
o/i?a ia o?ieao ianeoaiaoth/i? i?aoe? // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue. –
Oa?nii: OAeIO. – 1998. – Aei. III. – N. 182-184.

7. I?aai?caoe?y ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?eoi?nueei? ae?yeueiino? o/i?a ia
o?ieao c eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao // O?oaeiaa i?aeaioiaea
a caeeaaeao ina?oe. – ?4. – N.

8. Iniaeeaino? oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a ia o?ieao
o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy /a?ac eiino?othaaiiy iaeyao // Ca??iee iaoeiaeo
i?aoeue.- Oa?nii: OAeIO. – 1988. – Aei.V – N. 125 – 128.

A I I O A Oe ? ss

Oiae E.I. ““?icaeoie oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a iniiaii?
caaaeueiiina?oiuei? oeiee c eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao ia
o?ieao o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy ”.

Aeena?oaoe?y ? ?oeiienii ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
iaaeaaia?/ieo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 13.00.02. – oai??y oa iaoiaeeea
o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy.

?iaioa aeeiiaia a Oa?niinueeiio aea?aeaaiiio iaaeaaia?/iiio
oi?aa?neoao?. – Oa?nii, 1999 ?.

Aeena?oaoe?eia aeine?aeaeaiiy i?enay/aia aecia/aiith oiia oi?ioaaiiy
oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a 5-9 eean?a ia o?ieao o?oaeiaiai iaa/aiiy a
oiiaao i?aai?caoe?? niaoe?aeueii? iaa/aeueii-oai?/i? ae?yeueiino?
caniaaie eiino?othaaiiy oa iiaeaethaaiiy iaeyao. A aeena?oaoe??
?ic?iaeaii no?oeoo?o i?aai?caoe?? niaoe?aeueii? ae?yeueiino?, aeaii iien
an?o ?? no?oeoo?ieo eiiiiiaio?a. Aecia/aii e?eoa??? oa ??ai?
noi?iiaaiino? oai?/eo cae?aiinoae o/i?a, noai?aii eiiieaen
iaa/aeueii-oai?/eo caaaeaiue ??ciiai ??aiy neeaaeiino? a?aeiia?aeii
?iaeea?aeoaeueiei iiaeeeainoyi, iaoeeai, nooiaith i?aeaioiaee o/i?a.
Iniiaiee ci?no ?iaioe aeeeaaeaii a 8 ioae?eaoe?yo.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: no?oeoo?a i?aai?caoe??, niaoe?aeueia ae?yeuei?noue,
oai?/? cae?aiino?, iaa/aeueii-oai?/ee i?ioean,
ooaeiaeiuei-eiino?oeoi?nueea ?ic?iaea iaeyao.

A I I I O A Oe E ss

Oiae E.I. “?acaeoea oai?/aneeo niiniaiinoae o/aueony iniiaiie
iauaia?aciaaoaeueiie oeieu ii eiino?oe?iaaieth e iiaeaee?iaaieth
iaeaaeaeu ia o?ieao o?oaeiaiai iao/aiey”.

Aeenna?oaoeey yayeyaony ?oeiienueth ia nieneaiea o/aiiie noaiaie
eaiaeeaeaoa iaaeaaiae/aneeo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 13.00.02 – oai?ey e
iaoiaeeea o?oaeiaiai iao/aiey.

?aaioa auiieiaia a Oa?niineii ainoaea?noaaiiii iaaeaaiae/aneii
oieaa?neoaoa. – Oa?nii, 1999a.

Aeenna?oaoeeiiiia enneaaeiaaiea iinayuaii ii?aaeaeaieth oneiaee
?acaeoey oai?/aneeo niiniaiinoae o/aueony 5-9 eeannia ia o?ieao
o?oaeiaiai iao/aiey a i?ioeanna niaoeeaeueii i?aaieciaaiiie
o/aaii-oai?/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe n?aaenoaaie eiino?oe?iaaiey e
iiaeaee?iaaiey iaeaaeaeu. Aaoi?ii i?iaaaeai aiaeec niaoeeoeee i?iyaeaiey
aeeaeaeoe/aneeo i?eioeeiia iao/aiey a i?ioeanna
ooaeiaeanoaaiii-eiino?oeoi?neie aeayoaeueiinoe. A aeenna?oaoeee
?ac?aaioaia no?oeoo?a i?aaiecaoeee oaeie aeayoaeueiinoe, aeaii iienaiea
anao aa no?oeoo?iuo eiiiiiaioia e iaoiaeeea ?acaeoey oai?/aneeo
niiniaiinoae o/aueony ia o?ieao o?oaeiaiai iao/aiey n?aaenoaaie
eiino?oe?iaaiey e iiaeaee?iaaiey iaeaaeaeu. ?ac?aaioaiiay no?oeoo?a
niaoeeaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe ?aaeeciaaia a o/aaiie i?ia?aiia, a iniiao
eioi?ie iieiaeai oaiaoe/aneee i?eioeei ieaie?iaaiey, ?ann/eoaiiue ia
eco/aiea iaoa?eaea “aeieaie”, /oi iaania/eaaao aa?eaoeaiinoue e
aeaeinoue iao/aiey. Iainiiaaii aiciiiiaeiinoue i?eiauaiey oeieueieeia e
aeooiaiie eoeueoo?a ia?iaea, aai aa?iiie/aneiio aeono e ynoaoe/iinoe,
oae eae eiaiii a iaeaaeaea /aeiaae anaaaea aiieiuae naia no?aieaiea e
i?ae?aniiio, naie ooaeiaeanoaaiii-anoaoe/aneee acayae e aeon.

Onoaiiaeaii, /oi iniiaiuie i?aaeiinueeaie oniaoiiai ?acaeoey
oai?/aneeo niiniaiinoae ee/iinoe yaeythony: eioaeaeooaeueiay
aeoeaiinoue, iieneiaay eieoeeaoeaa, no?aieaiea e naiiniaa?oainoaiaaieth
e oai?/anoao.

A aeena?oaoeee ii?aaeaeaii, /oi oai?/aneea niiniaiinoe a
ooaeiaeanoaaiii-eiino?oeoi?neie aeayoaeueiinoe iiaoo ?acaeaaoueny
oieueei n o/aoii niaoeeoeee yoie aeayoaeueiinoe. Oeaeaiai?aaeaiiia eo
?acaeoea aeieaeii iie?aoueny ia eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua ea/anoaa ee/iinoe, ia
aa i?e?iaeiua caaeaoee, iaeeiiiinoe, iaania/eaay naiiau?aaeaiea e
naiiniaa?oaioaiaaiea a i?ioeanna ?acaeoey ee/iinoe.

A ?aaioa ii?aaeaeaiu e?eoa?ee ioeaieaaiey oai?/aneeo niiniaiinoae,
eaaeaeue ec eioi?uo oa?aeoa?ecoao ii?aaeaeaiiua yeaiaiou
ooaeiaeanoaaiii-eiino?oeoi?neie o/aaii-oai?/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe. A
iniiao ioeaieaaiey eaaeaeiai e?eoa?ey auea iieiaeaia noaiaiue i?iyaeaiey
naiinoiyoaeueiinoe e no?aieaiey e i?eaeiaeueiinoe auiieiaiey eaaeaeui
o/aueiny o/aaii-oai?/aneiai caaeaiey. ?aca?aaioai eiiieaen
o/aaii-oai?/aneeo caaeaiee ?aciiai o?iaiy neiaeiinoe a niioaaonoaee n
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuie aiciiaeiinoyie, iaeeiiiinoyie, noaiaiueth
iiaeaioiaeaiiinoe o/aueony e o?iaiai noi?ie?iaaiiinoe oai?/aneeo
niiniaiinoae. Ii?aaeaeaiu o?iaie noi?ie?iaaiiinoe oai?/aneeo
niiniaiinoae oeieueieeia. Yoe caaeaiey auee naycaiu n iniiaiuie yoaiaie
ooaeiaeanoaaiii-eiino?oeoi?neie aeayoaeueiinoe o/aueony:
ooaeiaeanoaaiiui i?iaeoe?iaaieai e eiino?oeoi?neie ?ac?aaioeie iiaeaee.

Yenia?eiaioaeueii i?iaa?aii aeeyiea niaoeeaeueii i?aaieciaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe ia o?ieao o?oaeiaiai iao/aiey a i?ioeanna eiino?oeoi?neie
?ac?aaioee iaeaaeaeu ia ?acaeoea o oeieueieeia oai?/aneeo
niiniaiinoae, a oaeaea i?iaiaeece?iaaii aeeyiea i?aaeeiaeaiiuo yoaiia
niaoeeaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe ia o?iaie noi?ie?iaaiiinoe oai?/aneeo
niiniaiinoae oeieueieeia.

Iniiaiia niaea?aeaiea ?aaiou eceiaeaii a 8 ioaeeeaoeeyo.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: no?oeoo?a i?aaiecaoeee, niaoeeaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue,
oai?/aneea niiniaiinoe, o/aaii-oai?/aneee i?ioeann,
ooaeiaeanoaaiii-eiino?oeoi?neay ?ac?aaioea iaeaaeaeu.

S U M M A R Y

Shpak L. N. ‘’ Formation of the pupils’ creative abilities of the
basic general education school at the lessons of designing clothes.’’

Thesis for a scientific degree of Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences,
Speciality 13. 00. 02 – the theory and methodics of working education.

Kherson Pedagogical University . – Kherson, 1999.

Thesis is devoted to determination of the ways of creative abilities of
5-9 forms pupils’ formation at the lessons of working education in
conditions of special educational- creative activities organization by
the means of designing clothes. In thesis the structure of special
activity organization is worked out, all its structural components are
described.

Criteria and levels of creative activities formation are determined,
the complex of educational – creative tasks of different levels of
intricacy according to pupils’ individual abilities, inclinations and
the degree of training is eloborated.

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