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Розробка економнолегованих наплавлювальних матеріалів для підвищення зносостійкості деталей, що працюють в умовах ударно-абразивного зношування: Автор

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15

I?eacianueeee aea?aeaaiee oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao

Iae?iia

Aieiaeeie? Eaii?aeiae/

OAeE 621.791.927.5 (043.3)

?ic?iaea aeiiiiiieaaiaaieo iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a aeey i?aeaeuaiiy
ciinino?eeino? aeaoaeae, ui i?aoeththoue a oiiaao oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai
ciiooaaiiy

Niaoe?aeuei?noue: 05.03.06 – Caa?thaaiiy ? nii??aeiai? oaoiieia??

Aaoi?aoa?ao

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy a/aiiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe

Ia??oiieue – 1999 ?.

Aeena?oaoe?y ? ?oeiienii.

?iaioa aeeiiaia a I?eacianueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oaoi?/iiio oi?aa?neoao?
(IAeOO) I?iina?oe Oe?a?ie, i. Ia??oiieue.

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?

*eaa?ueia Aaea??e Aaneeueiae/, I?eacianueeee aea?aeaaiee oaoi?/iee
oi?aa?neoao (i. Ia??oiieue) caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?ith “Iaoaeo?a?y ?
oaoiieia?y caa?thaaeueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa”.

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?

Aoeaeia Na?a?e Aieiaeeie?iae/, I?eacianueeee aea?aeaaiee oaoi?/iee
oi?aa?neoao (i. Ia??oiieue) caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?ith “Aaoiiaoecaoe?y
oaoiieia?/ieo i?ioean?a ? ae?iaieoeoa”.

eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio

Ea?iaiei Aieiaeeie? Ieoaeeiae/, Aeiiaanueea aea?aeaaia iaoeiiaoae?aia
aeaaeai?y (i. Ea?iaoi?nuee) caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?ith “Caa?thaaeueia
ae?iaieoeoai”.

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: Iaoe?iiaeueiee oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao

Oe?a?ie “Ee?anueeee iie?oaoi?/iee ?inoeooo” I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie
(i. Ee?a).

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “27” n?/iy 2000 ?ieo i 12 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E.12.052.01 i?e I?eacianueeiio
aea?aeaaiiio oaoi?/iiio oi?aa?neoao? ca aae?anith: 87500, IAeOO, i?ia.
?anioae?ee, 7,

i. Ia??oiieue Aeiiaoeueei? iaeano?, Oe?a?ia.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny a a?ae?ioaoe? I?eacianueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo: 87500, i. Ia??oiieue, aoe.
Aiaoiaa, 115.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “24” a?oaeiy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee

aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? ____________ A.I. Ianeia

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aaeeea e?euee?noue ??cieo aeaoaeae iaoei i?aoeth? a oiiaao
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao. A ?acoeueoao? oeueiai ?o iiaa?oiy ?ioaineaii
ciioo?oueny. Iaei??th c iaea?eueo ?iciianthaeaeaieo oaoiieia?e
a?aeiiaeaiiy aeaoaeae ? i?aeaeuaiiy ?oiuei? aeiaaia?/iino? ?
aeaeo?iaeoaiaa iaieaaeaiiy. A no/anieo oiiaao ae?iaieoeoaa c?inoathoue
aeiiae aei aeiaaia?/iino? iaieaaeaieo aeaoaeae, i?aoethth/eo a oiiaao
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy, aeiiii?/iino? ? oaoiieia?/iino?
iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a. A ca’yceo c oeei iaiao?aeia ?ic?iaea
aoaeoeaieo iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a, ui a?aoiaothoue oe? aeiiae.

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Iaieaaethaaeuei? iaoa??aee, ui canoiniaothoueny
iaea?eueo oe?iei aeey i?aeaeuaiiy oaea?ii-aa?aceaii? ciinino?eeino?,
i?noyoue o aaeee?e e?eueeino? aei?ia? ? aeao?oeeoi? eaaoth/? aeaiaioe. O
?yae? aeiaaee?a a oeo naieo oiiaao oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy
canoiniaothoueny ??ci? ca nooiaiai eaaoaaiiy, no?oeoo?ith
iaieaaethaaeuei? iaoa??aee, a aeaiaioe, ye? aiie i?noyoue, /anoi
aeei?enoiaothoueny iaaoaeoeaii. Iaei??th ?c i?e/ei oeueiai ? oa, ui i?e
?ic?iaoe? iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a canoiniao?oueny ye?nia, a ia
e?euee?nia (caniiaaia ia ia’?eoeaieo aeaieo) oa?aeoa?enoeea oiia
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy. Aeei?enoaiiy e?euee?nii? oa?aeoa?enoeee
oiia oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy – eiao?oe??ioa aeeiai?/iino? (Eae),
cai?iiiiiaaiiai ?. A. Iao?iaei, aeicaiey? ?ic?iaeoe iaea?eueo
aeiiii?/i? ciinino?ee? iaieaaethaaeuei? iaoa??aee aeey eiie?aoieo oiia
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao.

I?eaeue oe?iei aeei?enoiao?oueny aeey i?aeaeuaiiy oaea?ino?eeino?
iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo. Aei?iaeia/a ? aeao?oeeoi?noue oeueiai aeaiaioo
aeeeeeathoue iaiao?aei?noue ?ic?iaee aaci?eaeaaeo iaieaaethaaeueieo
iaoa??ae?a. A?aoiaoth/e iniaeeaino? ne?iaeiieo ?ano?n?a Oe?a?ie, aaaaoi?
ia iieeaaee ia?aaioeaai? ?oaee, aeioe?eueii a yeino? iaeiiai c iniiaieo
eaaoth/eo aeaiaio?a aeei?enoiaoaaoe ia?aaiaoeue.

Ia?niaeoeaiei iai?yieii a ?ic?iaoe? iiaeo iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a,
ye? canoiniaothoueny aeey i?aeaeuaiiy aeiaaia?/iino? aeaoaeae, ui
i?aoeththoue a oiiaao oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy, ? aeei?enoaiiy
i?eioeeio io?eiaiiy a no?oeoo?? iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo iaoanoaa?eueiiai
aonoai?oo, ui ia?aoai?th?oueny i?e iaaaioaaeaii? a ia?oaineo
(aeaoi?iaoe?eia ia?oaineoia ia?aoai?aiiy). Oeae i?eioeei aoa
cai?iiiiiaaiee i?ioani?ii ?. I. Aiaa/iaei ua iai?ee?ioe? 50-o ?ie?a.
Iaeiae, ui aei iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a, ye? aeei?enoiaothoueny aeey
i?aeaeuaiiy aeiaaia?/iino? aeaoaeae, ui i?aoeththoue a oiiaao
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao, a?i ia ciaeoia oe?ieiai canoinoaaiiy.

Aeoiaey/e c oeueiai, ?ic?iaea aeiiii?/ieo aaci?eaeaaeo
iaieaaeth-aaeueieo iaoa??ae?a, ui aeicaieyoue ?aae?coaaoe aoaeo
aeaoi?iaoe?eiiai ia?oaineoiiai ia?aoai?aiiy, ? aaaeeeaei
ia?iaeiiainiiaea?nueeei caaaeaiiyi.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. ?iaioa
a?aeiia?aea? iai?yieo iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue, ui cae?enith? eaoaae?a
“Iaoaeo?a?y ? oaoiieia?y caa?thaaeueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa” I?eacianueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ii oaiai: “?ic?iaea oa
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeiiiiiieaaiaaieo ii?ioeiaeo aeaeo?iaeieo iaoa??ae?a aeey
iaieaaeaiiy ciinino?eeeo ? eieuei?iaeo nieaa?a ? oaoiieia?? i?ioean?a”
(13/94), “?ic?iaea oa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?aoeaioo?e ? oaoiieia??
aeaioiaeaiiy caa?thaaeueieo aeaeo?iae?a c aeei?enoaiiyi i?noeaai?
ne?iaeie cai?noue o???, ui iinoa/a?oueny ?c e?a?i NIAe” (20/94).

Iaoa ? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoith aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ?
noai?aiiy aeiiiiiieaaiaaieo ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie aeey i?aeaeuaiiy
aeiaaia?/iino? aeaoaeae, ui i?aoeththoue a oiiaao oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai
ciiooaaiiy.

Aeey aeinyaiaiiy iinoaaeaii? iaoe iaiao?aeii aoei ae??oeoe oae?
iaoeiai-oaoi?/i? caaaeaiiy:

– a?aei?aoethaaoe iaoiaeeee aei?iaoaaiue ia ciin, ye? caaacia/othoue
??ci? oiiae oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoueny
eiao?oe??ioii aeeiai?/iino? (Eae);

– aea?aoe nenoaio aeiiiiiiai eaaoaaiiy iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo. Aea/eoe
caeaaei?noue eiai ciinino?eeino? a?ae o?i?/iiai, oaciaiai neeaae?a ?
no?oeoo?e caniaii ?aa?an?eiiai aiae?co i?e ??cieo Eae. Iiaoaeoaaoe
a?aeiia?aei? iaoaiaoe/i? iiaeae?;

– aea/eoe iiaeeea?noue io?eiaiiy no?oeoo? iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo, ui
caaacia/othoue iaea?eueoo ciinino?ee?noue aeey ??cieo Eae;

– ?ic?iaeoe a?aeiia?aei? neeaaee ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie oa iaoiaeeeo
?ic?aooieo neeaaeo ?o oeooe c aeei?enoaiiyi AII.

– ?ic?iaeoe oaoiieia?th iaieaaeaiiy aeaoaeae, i?iaanoe i?iieneiaa
aei?iaoaaiiy ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a.

– Io?eiai? ?aa?an?ei? caeaaeiino? oaciaiai neeaaeo, oaa?aeino? ?
oaea?ii-aa?aceaii? ciinino?eeino? i?e ??cieo Eae a?ae o?i?/iiai neeaaeo
iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo nenoaie Fe-Cr-Mn-C, ui noaei iniiaith aeey noai?aiiy
aeiiiiiieaaiaaieo iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a.

– Anoaiiaeaii aieea e?eueeino? ? noaa?eueiino? caeeoeiaiai aonoai?oo a
no?oeoo?? iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo ia eiai oaea?ii-aa?aceaio ciinino?ee?noue
i?e ??cieo Eae. Anoaiiaeaii, ui i?e oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiio aieea? c iaeei
eiao?oe??ioii aeeiai?/iino? (Eae = 1,2-1,4) ne?ae iaoe ia?aaaaeii
ia?oaineoii-ea?a?aeio no?oeoo?o iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo. Iaaiaee, i?e
a?eueoeo cia/aiiyo Eae (2,0–3,5) no?oeoo?a ia? aooe ia?aaaaeii
aonoai?oiith ( 60 %).

– Anoaiiaeaii, ui ca ?aooiie ?aoe?iiaeueieo ?aaeei?a ii?iae?caoe??
iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo ne?ae ?aaoethaaoe e?euee?noue aonoai?oo ? nooi?iue
eiai noaa?eueiino? ii a?aeiioaiith aei aeaoi?iaoe?eiiai ia?oaineoiiai
ia?aoai?aiiy, ui ?noioii i?aeaeuo? ciinino?ee?noue iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo.

– Cai?iiiiiaaia iaoiaeeea aeai?o neeaaeo aeiiiiiieaaiaaiiai
iaieaaethaaeueiiai iaoa??aeo aeey ??cieo oiia oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai
ciiooaaiiy, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoueny Eae.

A??ia?aei?noue aeniiae?a ? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e ?iaioe i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny
aaeeeith e?euee?noth aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo, oi?ioei a?aeoai?thaaiiyi
?acoeueoao?a, canoinoaaiiyi iaoaiaoeei-noaoenoe/ieo cania?a,
i?iieneiaith ia?aa??eith ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiyi ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a.

– Aeey ??cieo oiia oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy ?ic?iaeai? ianooii?
iaieaaethaaeuei? iaoa??aee: IE-Ii-230O12A2 ? IE-Ii-250O10A4O3 (Eae =
1,2–1,4), IE-Ii-200O12A2 (Eae = 1,7–2,0), IE-Ii-160O12A5 ? IE-Ii-100O6A4
(Eae = 3,5), IE-Ii-200O12A5 (Eae = 1,4–3,5).

– Aeai? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii aeai?o ?aoe?iiaeueiiai oaciaiai, o?i?/iiai
neeaae?a ? no?oeoo?e iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo aeey i?aeaeuaiiy eiai
oaea?ii-aa?aceaii? ciinino?eeino? i?e ??cieo Eae.

– ?ic?iaeaia i?ia?aia ?ic?aooieo neeaaeo oeooe ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie ia
AII.

– ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe i?ieoee i?iieneiaa aei?iaoaaiiy ? ai?iaaaeaeai? a
AAO “Acia” (i. Ia??oiieue) i?e a?aeiiaeaii? ieeo uieiaeo ae?iaa?ie
Eaeue/eoeueeiai ea?’??o.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a.

Aei aeena?oaoe?? aa?eoee eeoa o? iaoeia? ?acoeueoaoe, ui io?eiai?
aeena?oaioii iniaenoi.

– Aaoi?ii aeeiiaiee aiae?oe/iee iaeyae ?nioth/eo iaieaaethaaeueieo
iaoa??ae?a, ui canoiniaothoueny aeey a?aeiiaeaiiy ciioaieo aeaoaeae
iaoei, ye? i?aoeththoue a ??cieo oiiaao oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy ?
c?iaeaii aeniiaie i?i oa, ui ?nioth/a ye?nia ioe?iea oiia
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao ia aeicaiey? aea?aoe ?aoe?iiaeuei?
aeiiiiiieaaiaai? iaieaaethaaeuei? iaoa??aee aeey eiie?aoieo oiia
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy. C o?aooaaiiyi oeueiai, aeey e?euee?nii?
ioe?iee oiia oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao aeei?enoaii eiao?oe??io
aeeiai?/iino?, cai?iiiiiaaiee ?. A. Iao?iaei.

– Aea?ai? iaoiaeeee ?nieo?a c?ace?a a oiiaao oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao
i?e ??cieo Eae.

– I?iaaaeai? nenoaii? aeine?aeaeaiiy ciinino?eeino? iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo
nenoaie Fe-Cr-Mn-C a oiiaao oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao, ui
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny ??cieie cia/aiiyie Eae.

– Anoaiiaeai? ?aa?an?ei? caeaaeiino? oaciaiai neeaaeo, oaa?aeino? oa
oaea?ii-aa?aceaii? ciinino?eeino? a?ae o?i?/iiai neeaaeo iaieaaeaiiai
iaoaeo, ui noaei iniiaith aeey noai?aiiy aeiiiiiieaaiaaieo
iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a.

– I?iaaaeai? aei?iaoaaiiy ciinino?eeino? aeiiiiiieaaiaaieo ia?aaioeai
aenieiaoaeaoeaaeo noaeae i?e ??cieo Eae, ? anoaiiaeaii, ui a ieo
aeyaeythoueny o? ae caeiiii??iino?, ui ? a iaieaaeaiiio iaoae? nenoaie
Fe-Cr-Mn-C.

– ?ic?iaeaia i?ia?aia ?ic?aooieo neeaaeo oeooe ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie ia
AII.

– Ca o/anoth aaoi?a i?iaaaeai? i?iieneia? ?nieoe ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
iaieaaeaiiy ii?ioeiaith no??/eith IE-II-160O12A5 ieeo uieiai? ae?iaa?ee
Eaeue/eoeueeiai ea?’??o. Oe? ?iaioe aeeiiai? ni?eueii c ni?a?ia?oieeaie
IAeACI AAO “Acia”.

A iioae?eiaaieo ni?eueii ?c ni?aaaoi?aie iaoeiaeo ?iaioao aeena?oaioii
aeeiiaii: iinoaiiaea caaaeaiue, i?iaaaeaiiy aenia?eiaio?a oa aiae?c
io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iaoa??aee ?iaioe aeiiia?aeaeeny ia
V iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e eiioa?aioe??: “Iia? eiino?oeoe?ei? noae? oa nieaae ?
caniae ?oiuei? ia?iaee aeey i?aeaeuaiiy iaae?eiino? ? aeiaaia?/iino?
ae?ia?a” (aa?anaiue 1992 ?., i. Caii??aeaey), VI I?aeia?iaei?e
iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Iia? eiino?oeoe?ei? noae? oa nieaae ?
caniae ?oiuei? ia?iaee aeey i?aeaeuaiiy iaae?eiino? ? aeiaaia?/iino?
ae?ia?a” (aa?anaiue 1995 ?., i. Caii??aeaey), I-V
?aa?iiaeueieo iaoeiai-oaoi?/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo (1992-1998 ??., i.
Ia??oiieue).

Ioae?eaoe??. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeeiiaieo aeine?aeaeaiue iioae?eiaaii: o
iaoeiaiio aeo?iae? – 1 noaooy, a ca??ieeao – 4, oac – 7. Anueiai – 12
?ia?o.

No?oeoo?a ? ianya aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?y aeeeaaeaia ia 135
noi??ieao, neeaaea?oueny c? anooio, 5 ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, ia?ae?eo
aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae c? 105 iaeiaioaaiue. ?iaioa i?noeoue 31 iaethiie,
17 oaaeeoeue, 4 aeiaeaoee.

INIIAIEE CI?NO ?IAIOE

Anooi

Iaa?oioiaaia aeooaeuei?noue oaie, ?? iaoeiaa iiaecia, aeaia
oa?aeoa?enoeea no/aniiai noaio i?iaeaie, noi?ioeueiaaia iaoa
aeine?aeaeaiue ? iniiai? iieiaeaiiy, ui aeiinyoueny ia caoeno, iaaaaeai?
aeai? i?i i?aeoe/io cia/ou?noue ?iaioe, e?euee?noue ioae?eaoe?e ?
no?oeoo?o aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe.

?icae?e 1. Oaea?ii-aa?aceaia ciiooaaiiy. Iaieaaethaaeuei? iaoa??aee, ui
canoinothoueny aeey i?aeaeuaiiy ciinino?eeino?

Oaea?ii-aa?aceaia ciiooaaiiy ?iai/i? iiaa?oi? aeaoaeae a?aeaoaa?oueny
caaaeyee aeeiai?/iiai aieeao aa?aceaieo /anoie ia ia?. Aiane?aeie
oeueiai o iiaa?oiaaiio oa?? iaoaeo ca?eueoo?oueny u?euei?noue
aeeneieaoe?e ?, ye ?acoeueoao, eiai ci?oeiaiiy. Eiee u?euei?noue
aeeneieaoe?e aeinyaa? e?eoe/ii? aaee/eie, aeieeathoue ? ?icaeaathoueny
i?e?io??ueie, ui aeeeeea? ?oeioaaiiy iiaa?oiaaiai oa?o.

Oaeaee?noue ?oeioaaiiy iiaa?oiaaiai oa?o caeaaeeoue a?ae oiia
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao (aia?a?? oaea?o /anoie, ?oi?o aeanoeainoae ?
?ici???a), a oaeiae a?ae no?oeoo?e iaoaeo.

A e?oa?aoo?? c ieoaiiy oaea?ii-aa?aceaii? ciinino?eeino? iaieaaeaiiai
iaoaeo i?noeoueny aaeeea e?euee?noue noia?a/eeaeo aeaieo, ye? ia iiaeia
c?noaaeyoe. Iaei??th c i?e/ei oeueiai ? oa, ui aeey ioe?iee oiia
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy, ui iiaeooue ?noioii a?ae??ciyoeny,
aeei?enoiao?oueny eeoa ye?nia ioe?iea. Aecia/aiiy, ui aeei?enoiaothoueny
aeey oeueiai – “iacia/i?”, “iii??i?”, “cia/i?” oaea?i? iaaaioaaeaiiy –
oiiai?, oiio ui aiie ia a?oioothoueny ia aoaeue-yeeo ia’?eoeaieo caniaao
aeine?aeaeaiiy, ui a?aeia?aaeathoue ?aaeuei? oiiae neoaeae aeaoaeae. Ia
aeaiee iiiaio ia ?nio? noaiaea?oieo cania?a aecia/aiiy
oaea?ii-aa?aceaii? ciinino?eeino?. Oea, c iaeiiai aieo, oneeaaeith?
eaai?aoi?io ioe?ieo, a c ?ioiai – oneeaaeith? aea?? iaieaaethaaeueieo
iaoa??ae?a aeey iaaieo oiia aenieoaoaoe??. Iaoo?i? ae aei?iaoaaiiy
iaieaaeaieo aeaoaeae, ui aeathoue a??ia?aei? ?acoeueoaoe, aeoaea
o?oaeii?noe? ? aeiaaathoue aaaaoi /ano.

Aeoiaey/e c aeua neacaiiai, iio??aia e?euee?nia ioe?iea oiia
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy, ui aeicaieeoue ia’?eoeaii ioe?ithaaoe
?aaeuei? oiiae ?iaioe aeaoaeae; c?noaaeyoe aeai? ??cieo aeine?aeiee?a,
ui aeei?enoiaothoue iaiaeiaeia? iaoiaeeee aecia/aiiy ciinino?eeino?;
aeae?aoe iaea?eueo aoaeoeai? iaieaaethaaeuei? iaoa??aee aeey eiie?aoieo
oiia aenieoaoaoe??; aeei?enoaoe iaoaiaoe/i? iiaeae? aeey anoaiiaeaiiy
caeaaeiinoae ciinino?eeino? a?ae oaa?aeino?, oaciaiai ? o?i?/iiai
neeaae?a.

Ua a 1965 ?ioe? ?. A. Iao?iaei aoa cai?iiiiiaaiee e?euee?niee e?eoa??e
?ioaineaiino? oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao, iacaaiee iei eiao?oe??ioii
aeeiai?/iino? (Eae). A?i aecia/a?oueny ye a?aeiioaiiy oaa?aeino? c?acea
c noae? 110A13E i?ney ciino aei eiai aeo?aeii? oaa?aeino?. Aeaia noaeue
caeaoia iaeiie/oaaoe aia?a?th ciai?oiueiai aieeao oa ci?oeithaaoenue i?e
oeueiio, a aaee/eia ci?oeiaiiy aeicaiey? noaeeoe i?i ?ioaa?aeueio
?ioaineai?noue oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao /anoie. A?aeiii, ui aia?a?y
aieeao aa?aceaieo /anoie i?e ciiooaaii?, yea iiaeeia?oueny iaoaeii,
aeo?a/a?oueny ia i?oaeio ? ieanoe/io aeaoi?iaoe?th, a oaeiae eiai
?oeioaaiiy. A naith /a?ao, Eae ia’?eoeaii oa?aeoa?eco? aia?a?th oaeiai
aieeao, ui iiaeeia?oueny noaeeth 110A13E o i?ioean? ciiooaaiiy a
eiie?aoieo oiiaao. *ei a?eueoa aia?a?y oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao, oei
a?eueoee nooi?iue iaeeaio. Iaeiae ioe?iea oiia oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai
ciiooaaiiy c aeei?enoaiiyi Eae ia io?eiaea oe?ieiai ?iciianthaeaeaiiy
i?e aeai?? ? ?ic?iaoe? iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a. Iane?aeeii oeueiai
? oa, ui a iaeieo ? oeo aea oiiaao oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy
canoiniaothoueny ??ci? ca nooiaiai eaaoaaiiy, no?oeoo?ith
iaieaaethaaeuei? iaoa??aee ? iaaoaeoeaii aeei?enoiaothoueny aei?ia? ?
aeao?oeeoi? eaaoth/? aeaiaioe.

Aeey i?aeaeuaiiy ciinino?eeino? a oiiaao aa?aceaiiai ?
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy canoiniao?oueny a?eueoa noa
iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a. sse i?aaeei, aiie i?noyoue aaeeeo
e?euee?noue aei?iaeo ? aeao?oeeoieo aeaiaio?a (W, V, Ni ? ?i.).
I?eeeaaeii iiaeooue neoaeeoe: IE-AI-101 (300O28I3N3A2), ANI-6
(11O14A13O2AN), ICE-1 (80O4A14OAN).

O ca’yceo c oeei ?ic?iaea aeiiiiiieaaiaaieo iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a
? aeooaeueiei ia?iaeiiainiiaea?nueeei caaaeaiiyi. Aiii iiaeiii
ae??ooaaoeny ia iniia? nenoaiieo aeine?aeaeaiue aieeao o?i?/iiai,
oaciaiai neeaaeo ? no?oeoo?e ia ciinino?ee?noue o ??cieo oiiaao
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoueny eiao?oe??ioii
aeeiai?/iino?.

C o?aooaaiiyi oeueiai noi?ioeueiaaia iaoa ?iaioe ? caaaeaiiy
aeine?aeaeaiiy.

?icae?e 2. Aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao o?i?/iiai neeaaeo iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo
nenoaie Fe-Cr-Mn-C ia eiai oaciaee neeaae, no?oeoo?o ? oaea?ii-aa?aceaio
ciinino?ee?noue

A?aoiaoth/e aeao?oeeoi?noue ? aenieo aa?o?noue i?eaeth, ui
aeei?enoiao?oueny a yeino? iaeiiai c iniiaieo eaaoth/eo aeaiaio?a
ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie, o aeai?e ?iaio? aoee i?iaaaeai? nenoaii?
aeine?aeaeaiiy ii noai?aiith ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie ia iniia? nenoaie
Fe-Cr-Mn-C.

Aeey e?euee?nii? ioe?iee ??cieo oiia oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy aoa
aeei?enoaiee eiao?oe??io aeeiai?/iino? (Eae). Aeey aa??thaaiiy Eae a
oe?ieeo iaaeao (Eae = 1,2; 1,4; 1,7; 2,0; 3,5) aoee canoiniaai?
eaai?aoi?i? i?eeaaee, ui caaacia/othoue aeacai? cia/aiiy Eae. Ca iniiao
acyo? ianooii? noaie aei?iaoaaiue:

– Noaia 1. I?ae oeee?iae?e/iith iiaa?oiath aeenea, ui iaa?oa?oueny, ?
ieineith iiaa?oiath c?acea ia?ai?uathoueny aa?aceai? /anoee, ui
caoiieththoueny aeeneii, ciiooth/e i?e oeueiio c?acie (Eae = 1,2);

– Noaie 2, 3, 4. Ciiooaaiiy cae?enithaaeiny aa?aceaieie /anoeaie, ui
o?ainii?oothoueny iioieii iia?o?y. I?e oeueiio c?acee, ui
aei?iaoaaeenue, anoaiiaethaaee i?ae eooii aei aa?aceaiiai iioieo 30i,
60i oa 90i (Eae = 1,4; 1,7 oa 2,0);

– Noaia 5. C?acee e??ieeenue ia aeeneo, ui iaa?oaany c aaeeeith
oaeaee?noth, ? ciiooaaeenue i?e ni?aoaea?yii? c aa?aceaieie /anoeaie, ui
iaaeaee ia ieo (Eae = 3, 5).

Aeey ia?aa??ee i?eaeaoiino? iaoiaeee aei?iaoaaiue oaea?ii-aa?aceaii?
ciinino?eeino?, iaaaaeaieo aeua, ii??aithaaee ciinino?ee?noue ?yaeo
iaoa??ae?a (?OI-2, Ni?iaeo-1 oa ?i.), aei?iaoaaieo ?. A. Iao?iaei ca
eiai iaoiaeeeaie i?e aeecueeeo cia/aiiyo Eae. I?e oeueiio aoee io?eiai?
i?eaeecii iaeiaeia? cia/aiiy ciinino?eeino? aeacaieo iaoa??ae?a.
Io?eiai? aeai? i?aeoaa?aeeee aeniiaie i?i oa, ui ia naia ii nia? noaia
aei?iaoaaiue, a aia?a?y aieeao aa?aceaieo /anoie ?, a?aeiia?aeii, ??
/anoeia, ui iiaeeia?oueny iaoaeii oa ioe?ith?oueny Eae, ? aecia/aeueiei
oaeoi?ii aeey oa?aeoa?enoeee oiia ciiooaaiiy.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy aoee aeeiiai? c aeei?enoaiiyi niiniao ieaioaaiiy
aenia?eiaioo. Aeey i?iaaaeaiiy aaaaoioaeoi?iiai aenia?eiaioo aoea ia?aia
iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue – neiao?e/iee i?oiaiiaeueiee eiiiiceoe?eiee ieai
ae?oaiai ii?yaeeo. Aa??thaaany ai?no eaaoth/eo aeaiaio?a a iaieaaeaiiio
iaoae? a oaeeo iaaeao: N = 1-3 %, Mn = 2-6 %, Cr = 6-12 %. Aeei?enoaia
iao?eoey ieaioaaiiy 23, aeiiiaiaia c??eiaeie e?aieaie ? ?nieoii a
oeaio?? ieaio. C??eiaa iea/a = 1,215. Iao?eoey aenia?eiaioo
neeaaea?oueny c 15 aeine?aeaeaiue. Ca io?eiaieie aenia?eiaioaeueieie
aeaieie ?ic?aoiaai? ?aa?an?ei? caeaaeiino? oaa?aeino? (HRC), a?aeiinii?
oaea?ii-aa?aceaii? ciinino?eeino? iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo () ? e?eueeino?
caeeoeiaiai aonoai?oo (, %) a?ae o?i?/iiai neeaaeo (ian. %). ??aiyiiy
?aa?an?? i?aaenoaaeyee o aeaeyae? iie?iiia ae?oaiai ii?yaeeo:

HRC = 50,66 + 7,14·N + 4,27·Cr + 0,79·Mn + 0,58·C·Cr + 0,62·C·Mn –

– 1,84·C2 + 0,17·Cr2 – 0,46·Mn2,
(1)

(Eae=1,2) = 0,98 + 0,68·N + 0,087·Mn – 0,027·Cr + 0,021·C·Cr –

– 0,2·C2 – 0,017·Mn2,
(2)

(Eae=1,4) = 0,93 + 0,6·N + 0,11·Mn – 0,018·Cr + 0,017·C·Cr –

– 0,18·C2 – 0,019·Mn2,
(3)

(Eae=1,7) = 1,17 + 0,41·N + 0,044·Mn -0,018·Cr + 0,017·C·Cr +

+ 0,025·C·Mn – 0,16·C2 – 0,015·Mn2,
(4)

(Eae=2,0) = 1,19 + 0,36·N + 0,023·Mn – 0,015·Cr + 0,017·C·Cr +

+ 0,037·C·Mn – 0,18·C2 – 0,012·Mn2,
(5)

(Eae=3,5) = 0,77 + 0,866·N + 0,002·Mn – 0,014·Cr + 0,031·C·Mn +

+ 0,01·Cr·Mn – 0,34·C2 – 0,017·Mn2,
(6)

, % = 15,34 – 57,77·N + 0,03·Mn – 16,92·Cr + 2,01·C·Mn +

+ 9,52·C2 + 0,79·Cr2 + 0,67·Mn2.
(7)

C aeei?enoaiiyi i?ia?aie “Mathcad 5+” iiaoaeiaai? o?ei??i? iiaa?oi?
a?aeaoeo, ye? aeaaeooue i?inoi?iaa cia?aaeaiiy ?aa?an?eieo caeaaeiinoae,
ui aeicaiey? iai/ii oyaeoe ni?eueiee aieea 2-o oaeoi??a, i?e o?eniaaiiio
cia/aii? o?aoueiai. Oaeiae iiaoaeiaai? i?iaeoe?? oeeo iiaa?oaiue ia
eii?aeeiaoio ieiueio o aeaeyae? e?i?e ieaio, ui c’?aeiathoue e?aiee c
??aieie cia/aiiyie a?aeaoeo a ??aiyiiyo ?aa?an??, ui aeicaieeei
i?iaiae?coaaoe io?eiai? ?aa?an?ei? caeaaeiino? ? aecia/eoe eii?aeeiaoe
aeno?aioio a?aeaoeo.

Aoa aecia/aiee o?i?/iee neeaae iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo, ui caaacia/o?
iaea?eueoo oaea?ii-aa?aceaio ciinino?ee?noue aeey eiaeiiai c ?icaeyiooeo
eiao?oe??io?a aeeiai?/iino?. Ia i?aenoaa? aiae?co io?eiaieo aeaieo
iiaeia c?iaeoe aeniiaie, ui:

– i?e iaeeo eiao?oe??ioao aeeiai?/iino? (Eae = 1,2–1,4) iaiao?aeii a
iaieaaeaiiio iaoae? iaoe i?aeaeuaiee ai?no aoaeaoeth (2,0–2,5 %),
e?euee?noue ia?aaioeth iiaeiia aooe ii??aiyii iaaaeeeith (2–3 %) ? o?iio
12 %. No?oeoo?a iiaeiia aooe ia?aaaaeii ia?oaineoii-ea?a?aeiith.
Iayai?noue a no?oeoo?? iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo i?aeaeuaii? e?eueeino?
ia?oaineoo ? ea?a?ae?a caiia?aa? ?oeioaaiith eiai aa?aceaieie /anoeaie ?
i?aeaeuo? ciinino?ee?noue;

– c? ca?eueoaiiyi eiao?oe??ioa aeeiai?/iino? iaiao?aeii ciaiooaaoe ai?no
aoaeaoeth ? ca?eueooaaoe e?euee?noue ia?aaioeth a iaieaaeaiiio iaoae?.
Oae, i?e Eae = 3,5 iioeiaeueiei ? ai?no aoaeaoeth 1,0-1,7 %, ia?aaioeth
5–6 % oa o?iio 12 %. Oaa?ae?noue 40 HRC. Iio??aii caaacia/oaaoe i?e
oeueiio caeaa?eueoiai aonoai?oio no?oeoo?o. E?euee?noue ia?oaineoo ?
ea?a?ae?a iiaeiia neeaaeaoe ia a?eueoa 40 %. A oiiaao ?ioaineaiiai
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy iaiao?aeii ca?eueoeoe ii?? ooai?aiith ?
?icaeoeo o??uei, ui ? aecia/a? iaiao?aei?noue io?eiaiiy i?aeaeuaii?
e?eueeino? aonoai?oo ( 60 %).

Aeey aenia?eiaioaeueii? ia?aa??ee iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae aeaioiaeai?
ii?ioeia? no??/ee, ui caaacia/othoue io?eiaiiy iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo, ui
ia? o?i?/iee neeaae aeecueeee aei iioeiaeueiiai (?ic?aooieiaiai) aeey
??cieo Eae. Aoei aeaioiaeaii ii 3 no??/ee eiaeiiai c neeaae?a
IE-II-230O12A2, IE-II-200O12A3, IE-II-160O12A5, a?aeiia?aeii aeey Eae =
1,2; Eae = 1,7 oa Eae = 3,5. Io?eiai? aeai? na?ae/aoue i?i oa, ui
o?i?/iee, oaciaee neeaaee ? no?oeoo?a iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo aeecuee? aei
iioeiaeueieo, ?ic?aoiaaieo ia i?aenoaa? iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae.

Aeai? ii oaea?ii-aa?aceai?e ciinino?eeino? iaoaeo, iaieaaeaiiai
aeaioiaeaieie no??/eaie IE-Ii-230O12A2, IE-Ii-200O12A3,
IE-Ii-160O12A5 na?ae/aoue, ui ?nio? oi?ioee ca?a ?ic?aooieiaeo ?
aenia?eiaioaeueieo ?acoeueoao?a (eiao?oe??io ei?aeyoe?? 0,97). Oea
i?aeoaa?aeaeo? aaeaeaaoi?noue io?eiaieo iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae.

Aea/aany aieea noaa?eueiino? caeeoeiaiai aonoai?oo ia oaea?ii-aa?aceaio
ciinino?ee?noue iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo i?e ??cieo Eae. Anoaiiaeaii, ui i?e
ca?eueoaii? Eae iaiao?aeii ia o?eueee ca?eueooaaoe e?euee?noue
caeeoeiaiai aonoai?oo a no?oeoo??, aea e i?aeaeuoaaoe eiai
noaa?euei?noue ii a?aeiioaiith aei aeaoi?iaoe?eiiai ia?oaineoiiai
ia?aoai?aiiy.

Ia i?aenoaa? i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue cai?iiiiiaaia iaoiaeeea aeai?o
iioeiaeueiiai neeaaeo iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a aeey eiie?aoieo oiia
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy. Aiia iieyaa? a ianooiiiio:

– aecia/a?oueny eiao?oe??io aeeiai?/iino? (Eae), aeey /iai c?acee c
noae? 110A13E ?ici?uothoueny ia iiaa?oi? aeaoaeae, ui ciioo?oueny;

– ia i?aenoaa? io?eiaiiai cia/aiiy Eae aeae?a?oueny a?aeiia?aeia
iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue ? aecia/a?oueny iaiao?aeiee o?i?/iee neeaae
iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo;

– aecia/a?oueny neeaae oeooe ii?ioeiai? no??/ee, ui caaacia/o?
iaiao?aeiee o?i?/iee neeaae iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo.

– i?ney ni?iae iaieaaeaiiy aecia/athoueny o?i?/iee, oaciaee neeaae,
no?oeoo?a ? oaa?ae?noue iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo ? i?iaiaeeoueny ii??aiyiiy c
iioeiaeueieie ?o cia/aiiyie. I?e iaiao?aeiino? neeaae oeooe ii?ioeiaeo
no??/ie ei?aao?oueny.

?icae?e 3. ?aaoethaaiiy oaciaiai neeaaeo ? no?oeoo?e iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo
aeey i?aeaeuaiiy eiai oaea?ii-aa?aceaii? ciinino?eeino?

O iiia?aaeiueiio ?icae?e? aoei iieacaii, ui aeey caaacia/aiiy
iaea?eueoi? oaea?ii-aa?aceaii? ciinino?eeino? iaiao?aeii iaoe
iioeiaeueiee oaciaee neeaae ? no?oeoo?o noiniaii aei eiie?aoieo oiia
iaaaioaaeaiiy. Iaeiae i?e iaieaaeaii? oea ia caaaeaee aaea?oueny
caaacia/eoe. O ca’yceo c oeei, aacnoii?aiee ?ioa?an i?aaenoaaey?
iiaeeea?noue ?aaoethaaiiy oaciaiai neeaaeo ? no?oeoo?e ca ?aooiie
oa?i?/ii? ia?iaee. Iaea?eueo i?inoei ?? niiniaii ? ii?iae?caoe?y. A
aeai?e ?iaio? aea/aany aieea oaiia?aoo?e iaa??aaiiy i?e ii?iae?caoe??,
ui aa??thaaeany a?ae 800 aei 1100 iN. *an aeaea?aeee o ia/? neeaaeaa 20
oaeeei, ?ici?? c?ace?a 10 o 10 ii. Aeey caiia?aaiiy o??ueiai i?e
iaa??aaii? i?iaiaeeeiny iiia?aaei? i?ae?a??aaiiy i?e 650 iN. Iaieaaeaiee
iaoae, io?eiaiee i?e aeei?enoaii? ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie IE-II-200O12A5,
IE-II-250O10A4O3. I?e oeueiio aecia/aee oaa?ae?noue, a?aeiinio ci?io
e?eueeino? caeeoeiaiai aonoai?oo, a oaeiae a?aeiinio ciinino?ee?noue i?e
??cieo Eae. Io?eiai? ?acoeueoaoe iieacothoue, ui i?e iaeeo Eae (1,2-1,4)
iaea?eueoo ciinino?ee?noue caaacia/o? ii?iae?caoe?y ?c iaa??aaiiyi aei
ii??aiyii iaaenieeo oaiia?aoo? (800 iN). I?e oeueiio iaea?aeoaaia
no?oeoo?a ? ia?aaaaeii ia?oaineoii-ea?a?aeiith, e?euee?noue caeeoeiaiai
aonoai?oo neeaaea? 20-30 %. Iaieaaeaiee iaoae, ui i?noeoue aaiaae?e, ia?
a?eueo aenieo ciinino?ee?noue, ui caaacia/o?oueny i?enooi?noth a
no?oeoo?? ea?a?ae?a aaiaae?th aeniei? oaa?aeino?. Iaaiaee, i?e a?eueoeo
Eae (2,0-3,5) iaea?eueo aenieo oaea?ii-aa?aceaio ciinino?ee?noue
aaea?oueny io?eiaoe i?ney ii?iae?caoe?? ?c iaa??aaiiyi aei i?aeaeuaieo
oaiia?aoo? (1100 iN). O oeueiio aeiaaeeo a no?oeoo?? ia?aaaaea? aonoai?o
(> 70 %), ui ia? i?aeaeuaio noaa?euei?noue ii a?aeiioaiith aei
aeaoi?iaoe?eiiai ia?oaineoiiai ia?aoai?aiiy. Ca?eueoaiiy e?eueeino?
ia?oaineoo ? ea?a?ae?a a no?oeoo?? cieaeo? ciinino?ee?noue. I?e a?eueoeo
Eae iaoae, iaieaaeaiee IE-Ii-250O10A4O3, ia?
i?eaeecii oaeo ae oaea?ii-aa?aceaio ciinino?ee?noue, ye ? iaieaaeaiiy
IE-Ii-200O12A5, ui ia i?noeoue aaiaae?th.

Io?eiai? aeai? iieacothoue, ui ca ?aooiie ii?iae?caoe?? iiaeia a oe?ieeo
iaaeao ci?ithaaoe e?euee?nia ni?aa?aeiioaiiy oac, noaa?euei?noue
aonoai?oo ? ca ?aooiie iioei?caoe?? no?oeoo?e ?noioii i?aeaeuoaaoe
oaea?ii-aa?aceaio ciinino?ee?noue noiniaii aei eiie?aoieo oiia ?iaioe.

?icae?e 4. ?ic?iaea ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie. Iaoiaeeea aaoiiaoeciaaiiai
?ic?aooieo neeaaeo oeooe. Aeine?aeaeaiiy iaieaaethaaeueii-oaoiieia?/ieo
aeanoeainoae

?ic?iaea ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie aeeth/aea: aecia/aiiy e?euee?niiai
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy noaeaai? iaieiiee ? eiiiiiaio?a ii?ioeiaiai iaiiaithaa/a
(oeooe), ui caaacia/othoue io?eiaiiy iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo aeniei?
oaea?ii-aa?aceaii? ciinino?eeino?.

Ia aeaiee /an neeaae oeooe aeey aeaioiaeaiiy ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie
?ic?aoiao?oueny o a?aeiia?aeiino? ca ?nioth/ith iaoiaeeeith ca
eiao?oe??ioii caiiaiaiiy (Ec). A?i i?aaenoaaey? niaith a?aeiioaiiy aaae
oeooe aei aaae ii?ioeiai? no??/ee ? aecia/a?oueny cae/aeii
aei?iaoaaiiyie.

O ?iaio? cai?iiiiiaaia iaoiaeeea aaoiiaoeciaaiiai ?ic?aooieo oeooe
ii?ioeiai? no??/ee c aeei?enoaiiyi AII. Aiia aeeeth/a? iaiao?aei?noue
aeine?aeiiai aecia/aiiy Ec ? aeicaiey? eiai ?ic?aooaaoe ia i?aenoaa?
iaiao?aeiiai o?i?/iiai neeaaeo iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo.

Nooue cai?iiiiiaaii? iaoiaeeee iieyaa? a oiio, ui i?e ?ic?aooieo
a?aoiao?oueny ianeiia aaaa eiiiiiaio?a ? eiino?oeoeai? ia?aiao?e
ii?ioeiai? no??/ee, cie?aia, a?aeiioaiiy ieiu iiia?a/iiai ia?a??co
iaieiiee ? na?aea/ieea. Oea iienaii i?aenoieiaei ??aiyiiyi, iaaaaeaiei
ieae/a. Aiii yaey? niaith eaaae?aoiee o?e/eai ? ae??oo?oueny
noaiaea?oiei iaoaiaoe/iei niiniaii.
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,
(8)

aea Pi – e?euee?noue i-ai eiiiiiaioo a neeaae? na?aea/ieea a 100 a
ii?ioeiai? no??/ee, a;

L – iino?eia aaee/eia, /enaeueii ??aia a?aeiioaiith caeiaooeo ieiu?
iiia?a/iiai ia?a??co iaieiiee (Fia) ? u?eueiino? iaoa??aeo iaieiiee
(?ia) aei ieiu? iiia?a/iiai ia?a??co oeooe (Fo),

L = (Fia·?ia) / Fo;

?ia? – ianeiia iana aaeanoiiai aeiaeaoeo – cae?ciiai ii?ioeo;

?i – ianeiia iana i-iai eiiiiiaioo.

C aeei?enoaiiyi io?eiaiiai ??aiyiiy neeaaeaia i?ia?aia ?ic?aooieo ia AII
neeaaeo oeooe ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie ? i?iaaaeai? iaiao?aei? ?ic?aooiee
neeaaeo ?ic?iaeaieo ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie.

Ii?ioeia? no??/ee ?ic?iaeaieo neeaae?a ae?iaeyee ia niaoe?aeueiiio
noai?. I?e oeueiio i?io?eue iaieiiee caaeaaaany oi?iiooai?thth/eie
?ieeeaie. Iaieiiea ii?ioeiai? no??/ee caiiaithaaeany oeooith, a i?ney
oeueiai cae?eaaeiny caieiaa c’?aeiaiiy ? caaeaaaany ?aeue?o,
ou?eueithth/ee oeooo. Aeey iaieiiee aeei?enoaee noaeue 08 ei oiaueiith
0,4 ii. Oe?eia aa?oiuei? nioae iaieiiee neeaaeaea 22 ii, a ieaeiuei? –
24 ii.

Aei neeaaeo oeooe ii?yae c oa?io?iiii, oa?iia?aaioeai, a?ao?oii, ui
caaacia/othoue io?eiaiiy caaeaiiai o?i?/iiai neeaaeo a iaieaaeaiiio
iaoae?, aaiaeeeeny aeiaeaoeia? eiiiiiaioe – IAI-4 ? O-4. Ii?ioie
aethi?i??ai-iaai??aee ia?ee IAI-4 aeei?enoaee a yeino? aeoeaiiai
?iceenethaa/a, a ooi?iieano O-4 – aeey aeeo/aiiy aiaeith c?
caa?thaaeueii? aaiie ? aeiaeaoeiaiai ou?eueiaiiy oeooe ii?ioeiai?
no??/ee.

Iaieaaethaaeueii-oaoiieia?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee no??/ie aeine?aeaeo-aaeeny
ia onoaiiaoe? O-75, iniauai?e aaoiiaoe/iith caa?thaaeueiith aie?aeith
A1401. Aeaea?aei aeeaeaiiy – AAeO 1001. Aeey iaieaaeaiiy aea?ai?
ianooii? ?aaeeie:

ICA=600-650 A; UAe =30-32 A; VCA=35 i/aiae.

I?ae /an i?ioeano iaieaaeaiiy niinoa??aaeiny no?eea ai??iiy aeoae,
ieaaiee ia?ao?ae a?ae iniiaiiai aei iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo ? i?oeia
nieaaeaiiy i?ae aeaiia noi?aeieie aaeeeaie. ?ic?iaeai? ii?ioeia? no??/ee
iathoue oi?io? iaieaaethaaeueii-oaoiieia?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee:

– i?iaeoeoeai?noue i?ioeano ?icieaaeaiiy no??/ee, q – 12600-13650
a/aiae;

– i?iaeoeoeai?noue i?ioeano iaieaaeaiiy,??? – 20-22 a/A·aiae;

– eiao?oe??io ao?ao,?? – 4,5-4,9 %.

Aeey noai?aiiy ii?iaeueieo nai?oa?ii-a?a??i?/ieo oiia i?e iaieaaeaii?
cai?iiiiiaaii aeei?enoaoe oethn AI-26 ? i?eoi/ii-aeoyaeio aaioeeyoe?th
(15000 i3 iia?o?y ia 1 ea ?icieaaeaii? ii?ioeiai? no??/ee). Aiae?c
neeaaeo iia?o?y ia ??ai? aeeoaiiy iia?aoi?a iieacaa, ui aeae?eaiiy
oe?aeeeaeo ?a/iaei ia ia?aaeuo? anoaiiaeaieo ii?i IAeE.

?icae?e 5. I?iieneiaa aei?iaoaaiiy ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iaieaaethaaeueiiai
iaoa??aeo IE-II-160O12A5 aeey a?aeiiaeaiiy ieeo uieiaeo ae?iaa?ie

I?iieneiaa aei?iaoaaiiy ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ii?ioeiai? no??/ee
IE-Ii-160O12A5 aoei i?iaaaeaii a oiiaao AAO “Acia” aeey a?aeiiaeaiiy
ieeo uieiaeo ae?iaa?ie Eaeue/eoeueeiai ea?’??o.

Ieeoe uieiaeo ae?iaa?ie, ui canoiniaothoueny aeey io?eiaiiy uaaaith,
i?aoeththoue a oiiaao ?ioaineaiiai oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao ? ?
aeaoaeyie, ui oaeaeei ciioothoueny oa aeiaaathoue /anoi? cai?ie. Oiio
i?iaeaia a?aeiiaeaiiy ieeo ? iaaeoi aeooaeueiei caaaeaiiyi.

O AAO “Acia” inai?ia a?aeiiaeaiiy ieeo uieiaeo ae?iaa?ie Eaeue/eoeueeiai
ea?’??o iaieaaeaiiyi ii?ioeiaith no??/eith IE-AI-101 (300O28I3N3A2).
Ieeoe c? noae? 110A13E, iaieaaeai? oe??th no??/eith, iieacaee
aenieoaoaoe?eio no?ee?noue o 1,2-1,3 ?ace a?eueoo, i?ae aac iaieaaeaiiy.
Iaeiae no??/ea IE-AI-101 i?noeoue aaeeeo e?euee?noue o?iio ?
aeao?oeeoiee i?eaeue. O ca’yceo c oeei a aeai?e ?iaio? noaaeeiny
caaaeaiiy aea?aoe iaieaaethaaeueiee iaoa??ae ia iniia? nenoaie
Fe-Cr-Mn-C aeey a?aeiiaeaiiy oeeo aeaoaeae. Aea?? iaieaaethaaeueiiai
iaoa??aeo aoa c?iaeaiee c aeei?enoaiiyi ?ic?iaeaii? aaoi?aie iaoiaeeee
(aeea. ?icae?e 2).

Aeey aecia/aiiy Eae c? ciioaii? ieeoe ae??caeenue c?acee, ia yeeo
aei??thaaeany oaa?ae?noue (ii A??iaeth). Ia ciioai?e iiaa?oi? aiia
neeaaeaea HA 490-520 o ii??aiyii? c ii/aoeiaith oaa?ae?noth HA 140-150.
O a?aeiia?aeiino? c oeei eiao?oe??io aeeiai?/iino? Eae neeaa 3,5.

Aeey oeueiai cia/aiiy Eae a?aeiia?aeia iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue iieno?oueny
??aiyiiyi 6 (aeea. ?icae?e 2). C eiai aeiiiiiaith aecia/aiee o?i?/iee
neeaae iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo, ui caaacia/o? iaea?eueo aenieo
ciinino?ee?noue a aeaieo oiiaao oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao. Ai?no
aeaiaio?a a iaieaaeaiiio iaoae? oaeee: aoaeaoeue – 1,6 %, ia?aaiaoeue –
5,2 %, o?ii – 12 %.

Aeei?enoiaoth/e iaoiaeeeo ?ic?aooieo neeaaeo oeooe ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie ia
AII (aeea. ?icae?e 4), aoei aecia/aii iaiao?aeiee neeaae oeooe
ii?ioeiai? no??/ee IE-Ii-160O12A5.

Aoea a?aei?aoeueiaaia oaoiieia?y iaieaaeaiiy ieeo uieiai? ae?iaa?ee
aeaiith ii?ioeiaith no??/eith, ui ciaioo? ?oith aeaoi?iaoe?th. Aeey
oeueiai ia?aae iaieaaeaiiyi ?iaeeiny iiia?aaei? ia?ia neeaaeaiiy ieeo.
Ieeoe noeeoaaee aioo??oi?ie iiaa?oiyie ? oo?eioaaee ieaieaie ii
aeiaaeei? caci?o. I?eaa?eo ieaiie ae?iaeyee aonoai?oieie aeaeo?iaeaie.

Iaieaaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeiny i?ae oethnii AI-26 i?e oaeeo ?aaeeiao:

ICA =600-650 A; UAe =28-32 A; VCA =35 i/aiae.

Aoei i?aeoaa?aeaeaii, ui ii?ioeiaa no??/ea IE-II-160O12A5 aieiae??
aeia?eie iaieaaethaaeueii-oaoiieia?/ieie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie.

No?oeoo?a iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo i?aaenoaaeyea niaith:
aonoai?oii-ia?oaineoio iao?eoeth (e?euee?noue aonoai?oo 60-65 %),
a?iiaaio ea?a?aeaie o?iio (10-12 %).

sse iieacaee ?acoeueoaoe aenieoaoaoe?? 12 ieeo, iaieaaeaieo
IE-Ii-160O12A5, ?o aeiaaia?/i?noue ia iinooia?oueny o?e, yea
io?eio?oueny i?e aeei?enoaii? IE-AI-101 (300O28I3N3A2).

Oaeoe/iee aeiiii?/iee aoaeo a?ae ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iaieaaeaiiy 12
ieeo neeaa 24502,68 a?i., a ??/iee i/?eoaaiee aoaeo – 90659,37 a?i.

Caaaeuei? aeniiaee

1. O ?iaio? aeei?enoaia cai?noue ye?nii? (iieniai?) e?euee?nia ioe?iea
oiia oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao c aeiiiiiaith eiao?oe??ioa
aeeiai?/iino?, cai?iiiiiaaiiai ?. A. Iao?iaei. Oea aeicaieeei cae?enieoe
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiee i?aeo?ae i?e aeai?? aeiiiiiieaaiaaieo
iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a nenoaie Fe-Cr-Mn-C aeey ??cieo oiia
ciiooaaiiy. Io?eiai? ?aa?an?ei? caeaaeiino? oaa?aeino?, oaciaiai neeaaeo
? oaea?ii-aa?aceaii? ciinino?eeino? a?ae o?i?/iiai neeaaeo iaieaaeaiiai
iaoaeo, ui aeicaieyoue eiai iioei?coaaoe aeey ??cieo Eae. Oe?
caeaaeiino? iaaaaeai? o aeaeyae? iie?iii?a ae?oaiai ii?yaeeo.

2. Iieacaii, ui a no?oeoo?? iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo ii?yae c ia?oaineoii ?
ea?a?aeaie iaiao?aeii iaoe iaoanoaa?eueiee aonoai?o, e?euee?noue ?
nooi?iue noaa?eueiino? yeiai iiaeii? ?aaoethaaoeny c o?aooaaiiyi
eiie?aoieo oiia oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao. I?e iaeeo eiao?oe??ioao
aeeiai?/iino? (Eae = 1,2-1,4) iaiao?aeii iaoe ianooiiee o?i?/iee neeaae
iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo: 2,0-2,5 % N, 12 % Cr, 2-3 % Mn. No?oeoo?a iiaeiia
aooe caeaa?eueoiai ia?oaineoii-ea?a?aeiith.

Aeey oeeo oiia ciiooaaiiy eaaoaaiiy iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo aaiaae??i a
e?eueeino? aei 3 % i?e iaeii/aniiio ca?eueoaii? ai?noo aoaeaoeth aei
2,5-3,0 % i?aeaeuo? eiai ciinino?ee?noue ia 10-15 %. Iaeiae,
iio??aii a?aoiaoaaoe aenieo aa?o?noue oeueiai eaaoth/iai aeaiaioo.

3. C? ca?eueoaiiyi eiao?oe??ioa aeeiai?/iino? iaiao?aeii ciaiooaaoe
ai?no aoaeaoeth ? ca?eueooaaoe e?euee?noue ia?aaioeth a iaieaaeaiiio
iaoae?. Oae i?e Eae = 3,5 iioeiaeueiei ? ianooiiee ai?no aeaiaio?a
1,0-1,7 % N, 5-6 % Mn, 12 % Cr. Oaa?ae?noue 40 HRC. I?e oeueiio
iio??aii caaacia/oaaoe caeaa?eueoiai aonoai?oio no?oeoo?o. E?euee?noue
ia?oaineoo ? ea?a?ae?a iiaeiia neeaaeaoe iaioa 40 %. O ?icaeyiooeo
oiiaao ciiooaaiiy eaaoaaiiy aaiaae??i iaaoaeoeaia.

4. Aeey ??cieo oiia oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy ?ic?iaeai? oae?
iaieaaethaaeuei? iaoa??aee: IE-Ii-230O12A2 oa IE-Ii-250O10A4O3 (Eae =
1,2-1,4), IE-Ii-200O12A2 (Eae = 1,7-2,0), IE-Ii-160O12A5 oa
IE-Ii-100O6A4 (Eae = 3,5), IE-Ii-200O12A5 (Eae = 1,4-3,5). ?ic?iaeai?
ii?ioeia? no??/ee caaacia/othoue oi?io? iaieaaethaaeueii-oaoiieia?/i?
oa?aeoa?enoeee.

5. Iieacaii, ui a oeo aeiaaeeao, eiee i?ney iaieaaeaiiy no?oeoo?a ?
oaciaee neeaae a?ae??ciythoueny a?ae iioeiaeueieo, aoaeoeaiei caniaii ?o
?aaoethaaiiy ? ii?iae?caoe?y. ?? ?aaeeie iiaeii? aeae?aoeny c
o?aooaaiiyi ?ioaineaiino? oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao. C? ca?eueoaiiyi
Eae iaiao?aeii aeei?enoiaoaaoe a?eueo aenie? oaiia?aoo?e iaa??aaiiy i?e
i?iaaaeaii? ii?iae?caoe?? c iaoith ca?eueoaiiy e?eueeino? aonoai?oo a
no?oeoo?? oa nooiaith eiai noaa?eueiino?.

6. ?ic?iaeaia i?ia?aia aaoiiaoeciaaiiai ?ic?aooieo neeaaeo oeooe
ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie c canoinoaaiiyi AII, caniiaaia ia aeei?enoaii?
?ic?aooieiaiai cia/aiiy eiao?oe??ioa caiiaiaiiy (Ec). Oea i?aeaeuo?
oi/i?noue ?ic?aooieo ? nei?i/o? /an ia eiai i?iaaaeaiiy.

7. Ia i?aenoaa? i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue cai?iiiiiaaia iaoiaeeea
aeai?o neeaaeo ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie nenoaie Fe-Cr-Mn-C noiniaii aei
eiie?aoieo oiia oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao, yea aeeth/a?:

– aecia/aiiy Eae aeey aeaieo oiia ?iaioe aeaoaeae;

– aea?? a?aeiia?aeii? iaoaiaoe/ii? iiaeae? ? aecia/aiiy c ?? aeiiiiiaith
iioeiaeueiiai o?i?/iiai ? oaciaiai neeaae?a iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo;

– aaoiiaoeciaaiee ?ic?aooiie ia AII iio??aiiai neeaaeo oeooe ii?ioeiaeo
no??/ie;

– ?aaoethaaiiy oaciaiai neeaaeo ? no?oeoo?e i?e a?aeoeeaii? ?o a?ae
?ic?aooieiaeo iioeiaeueieo cia/aiue, ca ?aooiie ei?aaoaaiiy neeaaeo
oeooe ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie aai i?iaaaeaiiy oa?i?/ii? ia?iaee
(ii?iae?caoe??).

8. Ii?ioeiaa no??/ea IE-Ii-160O12A5, ?ic?iaeaia c aeei?enoaiiyi
cai?iiiiiaaii? iaoiaeeee, i?ieoea i?iieneiaa aei?iaoaaiiy ? aoea
ai?iaaaeaeaia a oiiaao AAO “Acia” aeey a?aeiiaeaiiy ieeo uieiaeo
ae?iaa?ie Eaeue/eoeueeiai ea?’??o. Oea aeicaieeei i?aeaeueoe
aeiaaia?/i?noue aeaoaeae o 1,5 ?ace o ii??aiyii? c aaciaei ae?iaii ?
io?eiaoe oaeoe/iee aeiiii?/iee aoaeo – 24502,68 a?i., i?e oeueiio
i/?eoaaiee ??/iee aoaeo neeaaea 90659,37 a?i.

Iniiaiee ci?no aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii a ianooiieo ioae?ea-oe?yo:

1. Iaeeiia A.E., *eaa?aa A.A. Aeeyiea no?oeoo?u ia eciininoieeinoue
iaieaaeaiiiai iaoaeea i?e ?acee/iuo aeaeao oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai eciina //
Aanoiee I?eacianeiai ain. oaoi. oi-oa: Na. iao/. o?., aui. 3. –
Ia?eoiieue. – 1997. – N. 141 – 144.

2. Iaeeiia A.E., *eaa?aa A.A. Iaoiaeeea iioeiecaoeee oeie/aneiai ninoaaa
iaieaai/iuo iaoa?eaeia nenoaiu Fe-Cr-Mn-C aeey ?acee/iuo oneiaee
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai eciina // Aanoiee I?eacianeiai ain. oaoi. oi-oa: Na.
iao/. o?., aui. 6. – Ia?eoiieue. – 1998. – N. 153–154.

3. Aeeyiea oa?ie/aneie ia?aaioee ia eciininoieeinoue aunieioaea?iaeenouo
aonoaieoiuo noaeae, niaea?aeaueo iaiaa 9 % ia?aaioea
/ E.N. Iaeeiia, A.ss. Oa?eaiiaa, A.E. Iaeeiia e ae?. // Iaoaeeu, 1997.
– ? 6. – N. 74-77.

4. Iaeeiia A.E., *eaa?aa A.A. ?aa?anneiiiue aiaeec e iioeiecaoeey
ninoaaa iaieaaeaiiiai iaoaeea ia iniiaa Fe-Cr-Mn-C i?e ?acee/iuo
oneiaeyo oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aicaeaenoaey // Aanoiee I?eacianeiai ain.
oaoi. oi-oa: Na. iao/. o?., aui. 3. – Ia?eoiieue. – 1997. – N. 149–152.

5. Iaeeiia A.E., *eaa?aa A.A. Iaoiaeeea aaoiiaoece?iaaiiiai ?an/aoa
ii?ioeiaie eaiou // Aanoiee I?eacianeiai ain. oaoi. oi-oa: Na. iao/.
o?., aui. 3. – Ia?eoiieue. – 1997. –N. 164-166.

6. Aaeionia TH.A., Ei?yaei A.E., Iaeeiia A.E. Iiaua iaoa?eaeu aeey
iaieaaee aeaoaeae iaoaeeo?ae/aneiai iai?oaeiaaiey. // Oac. aeiee. 4
iao/i.-oaoi. eiio. “Iiaua eiino?oeoeeiiiua noaee e nieaau e iaoiaeu eo
ia?aaioee aeey iiauoaiey iaaeaaeiinoe e aeieaiaa/iinoe ecaeaeee”. –
Caii?iaeuea. – Naio., 1992. – N. 226.

7. *eaa?aa A.A., Iaeeiia A.E. ?ac?aaioea yeiiiiiieaae?iaaiiiai
iaieaai/iiai iaoa?eaea, noieeiai a oneiaeyo oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai eciina.
// Oac. aeiee. 2 ?aaeii. iao/.-oaoi. eiio. – Oii 2. – Ia?eoiieue:
Iaoeiino?iaiea. – Iae, 1993. – N. 54.

8. *eaa?aa A.A., Iaeeiia A.E. Iaieaai/iua iaoa?eaeu ia iniiaa
aunieioaea?iaeenouo noaeae, yeiiiiiieaae?iaaiiuo ia?aaioeai. // Oac.
aeiee. 2 ?aaeii. iao/.-oaoi. eiio. – Oii 2. – Ia?eoiieue:
Iaoeiino?iaiea. – Iae, 1993. – N. 55.

9. Oa?eaiiaa A.ss., Iaeeiia A.E., Aaeiiiaia A.A. Yeiiiiii eaae?iaaiiua
ia?aaioeai eciininoieeea noaee acaiai 110A13E. // Oac. aeiee. 2 ?aaeii.
iao/.-oaoi. eiio. – Oii 1. – Ia?eoiieue: Iaoeiino?iaiea. – Iae, 1993. –
N. 130.

10. *eaa?aa A.A., Iaeeiia A.E. Yeiiiiiieaae?iaaiiua iaieaai/iua
iaoa?eaeu aeey iiauoaiey aeieaiaa/iinoe aeaoaeae iaoei, iiaeaa?aathueony
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiio eciaoeaaieth. // Oac. aeiee. 6 Iaaeaeoia?iaei.
iao/.-oaoi. eiio. “Iiaua eiino?oeoeeiiiua noaee e nieaau e iaoiaeu eo
ia?aaioee aeey iiauoaiey iaaeaaeiinoe e aeieaiaa/iinoe. – *anoue 3.
– Caii?iaeuea: CAOO. – Naio., 1995. – N. 72.

11. *eaa?aa A.A., Iaeeiia A.E. ?ac?aaioea yeiiiiiieaae?iaaiiuo
iaieaai/iuo iaoa?eaeia // Oac. aeiee. 4 ?aaeii. iao/.-oaoi. eiio. – Oii
2. – Ia?eoiieue: Iaoeiino?iaiea. – Ai?., 1997. – N. 11.

12. *eaa?aa A.A., Iaeeiia A.E. Aeeyiea eiee/anoaa e noaaeeueiinoe
inoaoi/iiai aonoaieoa ia eciininoieeinoue iaieaaeaiiiai iaoaeea // Oac.
aeiee. 4 ?aaeii. iao/.-oaoi. eiio. – Oii 2. – Ia?eoiieue:
Iaoeiino?iaiea. – Ai?., 1997. – N. 12.

Aiioaoe?y

Iae?iia A. E. ?ic?iaea aeiiiiiieaaiaaieo iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa-??ae?a
aeey i?aeaeuaiiy ciinino?eeino? aeaoaeae, ui i?aoeththoue a oiiaao
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy. – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy a/aiiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe ?c
niaoe?aeueiino? 05.03.06 – Caa?thaaiiy ? nii??aeiai? oaoiieia?? –
I?eacianueeee aea?aeaaiee oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe
Oe?a?ie, Ia??oiieue, 1999 ?.

Aeena?oaoe?y i?enay/aia ieoaiith ?ic?iaee aeiiiiiieaaiaaieo
iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a aeey i?aeaeuaiiy aeiaaia?/iino? aeaoaeae,
ui i?aoeththoue a oiiaao oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy. I?iaaaeai?
nenoaii? aeine?aeaeaiiy ciinino?eeino? iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo nenoaie
Fe-Cr-Mn-C a oiiaao oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aieeao i?e ??cieo eiao?oe??ioao
aeeiai?/iino? (Eae). Anoaiiaeai? ?aa?an?ei? caeaaeiino? oaa?aeino?,
oaciaiai neeaaeo ? oaea?ii-aa?aceaii? ciinino?eeino? a?ae o?i?/iiai
neeaaeo iaieaaeaiiai iaoaeo, ui noaei iniiaith aeey noai?aiiy
aeiiiiiieaaiaaieo iaieaaethaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a.

Cai?iiiiiaaia iaoiaeeea aeai?o neeaaeo aeiiiiiieaaiaaieo ii?ioeiaeo
no??/ie aeey ??cieo oiia oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai ciiooaaiiy, ui
oa?aeoa?ecothoueny Eae. ?ic?iaeai? oae? iaieaaethaaeuei? iaoa??aee:
IE-Ii-230O12A2 oa IE-Ii-250O10A4O3 (Eae = 1,2-1,4), IE-Ii-200O12A3
(Eae = 1,7-2,0), IE-Ii-160O12A5 oa IE-Ii-100O6A4 (Eae = 3,5),
IE-Ii-200O12A5 (Eae = 1,4-3,5). Cai?iiiiiaaia i?ia?aia ?ic?aooieo
neeaaeo oeooe ii?ioeiaeo no??/ie ia AII. ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe
ai?iaaaeaeai? o AAO “Acia” (i. Ia??oiieue) i?e a?aeiiaeaii? ieeo uieiaeo
ae?iaa?ie Eaeue/eoeueeiai ea?’??o. Oea aeicaieeei i?aeaeueoe
aeiaaia?/i?noue oeeo aeaoaeae o 1,5 ?ace, oa io?eiaoe aeiiii?/iee aoaeo
24502,68 a?i.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: iaieaaethaaeueiee iaoa??ae, ii?ioeiaa no??/ea,
eiao?oe??io caiiaiaiiy, oaoiieia?y iaieaaeaiiy, no?oeoo?a,
iaoanoaa?eueiee aonoai?o, oaea?ii-aa?aceaia ciinino?ee?noue, eiao?oe??io
aeeiai?/iino?.

Summary

Malinov V.L. The development of economically alloyed surfacing materials
for increase of wear-resistance of parts working in impact-abrasive
conditions wearing. – Manuscript.

Thesis for competition scientific degree of Candidate of technical
science in speciality 05.03.06 – Welding and related techniques. –
Priazovskiy State Technical University. – Ministry of Education of
Ukraine, Mariupol, 1999.

The dissertation is devoted to a question of development economically
alloyed surfacing materials working in conditions of impact-abrasive
wearing. Systematic researches of wear-resistance of Fe-Cr-Mn-C
surfacing alloys were carried out. The impact-abrasive wearing
conditions are characterized by dynamic coefficient (Eae). Regression
dependencies of phase composition, hardness and wear-resistance from
chemical composition of the surfacing alloys were obtained. It was used
as basis for development of new surfacing materials.

The method of choice of chemical compositions of economically alloyed
surfacing materials for various impact-abrasive wearing conditions is
offered. The recommendations of rational alloying of powder-cored
electrodes and optimum phase structure of surfacing metals are given. On
this basis the following powder-cored electrodes: IE-Ii-230O12A2 &
IE-Ii-250O10A4O3 (Eae = 1,2-1,4), IE-Ii-200O12A3 (Eae =
1,7-2,0), IE-Ii-160O12A5 & IE-Ii-100O6A4 (Eae = 3,5), IE-Ii-200O12A5
(Eae = 1,4-3,5) were developed. The computer program of determination of
powder-cored electrodes composition was developed. The research results
were implemented in “Azov” machine building plant (Mariupol) for
restoration of jaw-crusher machine plates. It has allowed to increase
durability of these parts in 1,5 times and receive economical effect of
24502,68 grn.

Key words: surfacing material, powder-cored electrode, coefficient of
filling, surfacing technology, structure, metastable austenite,
impact-abrasive wear-resistant, dynamic coefficient.

Aiiioaoeey

Iaeeiia A.E. ?ac?aaioea yeiiiiiieaae?iaaiiuo iaieaai/iuo iaoa?eaeia
aeey iiauoaiey eciininoieeinoe aeaoaeae, ?aaioathueo a oneiaeyo
oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai eciaoeaaiey. – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa oaoie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 05.03.06 – naa?ea e ?iaenoaaiiua oaoiieiaee. –
I?eacianeee ainoaea?noaaiiue oaoie/aneee oieaa?neoao Ieienoa?noaa
ia?aciaaiey Oe?aeiu, Ia?eoiieue, 1999 a.

Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia aii?ino ?ac?aaioee yeiiiiiieaae?iaaiiuo
iaieaai/iuo iaoa?eaeia aeey iiauoaiey aeieaiaa/iinoe aeaoaeae,
?aaioathueo a oneiaeyo oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai eciaoeaaiey. Iaeiie ec
iaeaieaa ?ani?ino?aiaiiuo oaoiieiaee ainnoaiiaeaiey aeaoaeae e iiauoaiey
eo eciininoieeinoe yaeyaony yeaeo?iaeoaiaay iaieaaea ii?ioeiauie
eaioaie.

A ioee/ea io oe?iei ?ani?ino?aiaiiie a eeoa?aoo?a ea/anoaaiiie
oa?aeoa?enoeee oneiaee oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai eciaoeaaiey a ?aaioa
eniieueciaai eiyooeoeeaio aeeiaie/iinoe (Eae), i?aaeeiaeaiiue E.A.
Iao?iaui, iicaieythuee ioeaieaaoue eo eiee/anoaaiii. Aeey yoiai
enneaaeiaaiea eciininoieeinoe iaieaaeaiiiai iaoaeea inouanoaeyee ii 5
noaiai oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai eciaoeaaiey n ?acee/iuie cia/aieyie Eae a
eioa?aaea io 1,2 aei 3,5.

I?iaaaeaiu nenoaiiua enneaaeiaaiey eciininoieeinoe iaieaaeaiiiai iaoaeea
nenoaiu Fe-Cr-Mn-C a oneiaeyo oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai aicaeaenoaey i?e
?acee/iuo Eae. Onoaiiaeaiu ?aa?anneiiiua caaeneiinoe oaa?aeinoe,
oaciaiai ninoaaa e oaea?ii-aa?aceaiie eciininoieeinoe io oeie/aneiai
ninoaaa iaieaaeaiiiai iaoaeea, /oi yaeeinue iniiaie aeey nicaeaiey
yeiiiiiieaae?iaaiiuo iaieaai/iuo iaoa?eaeia. Onoaiiaeaii aeeyiea
eiee/anoaa e noaaeeueiinoe inoaoi/iiai aonoaieoa a no?oeoo?a
iaieaaeaiiiai iaoaeea ia aai oaea?ii-aa?aceaioth eciininoieeinoue i?e
?acee/iuo Eae.

I?aaeeiaeaia iaoiaeeea auai?a ninoaaa yeiiiiiieaae?iaaiiuo ii?ioeiauo
eaio aeey ?acee/iuo oneiaee oaea?ii-aa?aceaiiai eciaoeaaiey. Iia
caeeth/aaony a ii?aaeaeaiee eiyooeoeeaioa aeeiaie/iinoe (Eae) a
?aaeueiuo oneiaeyo yenieoaoaoeee aeaoaeae, auai?a aeey iieo/aiiiai
cia/aiey Eae niioaaonoaothuae iaoaiaoe/aneie iiaeaee, ia iniiaaiee
eioi?ie ?ann/eouaaaony o?aaoaiue oeie/aneee ninoaa iaieaaeaiiiai
iaoaeea. Caoai ii ?ac?aaioaiiie i?ia?aiia ia YAI ?ann/eouaaaony ninoaa
oeoou ii?ioeiaie eaiou.

Aeaiu ?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii ?aoeeiiaeueiiio eaae?iaaieth ii?ioeiauo eaio e
iioeiaeueiiio oaciaiio ninoaao e no?oeoo?a iaieaaeaiiiai iaoaeea. N
o/aoii yoiai ?ac?aaioaiu neaaeothuea iaieaai/iua iaoa?eaeu:
IE-Ii-230O12A2 e IE-Ii-250O10A4O3 (Eae = 1,2-1,4), IE-Ii-200O12A3 (Eae =
1,7-2,0), IE-Ii-160O12A5 e IE-Ii-100O6A4 (Eae = 3,5),
IE-Ii-200O12A5 (Eae = 1,4-3,5). ?ac?aaioaia i?ia?aiia ?an/aoa ninoaaa
oeoou ii?ioeiauo eaio ia YAI.

Onoaiiaeaii aeeyiea eiee/anoaa e noaaeeueiinoe inoaoi/iiai aonoaieoa a
no?oeoo?a iaieaaeaiiiai iaoaeea ia aai oaea?ii-aa?aceaioth
eciininoieeinoue i?e ?acee/iuo Eae. Iieacaii, /oi i?e oaea?ii-aa?aceaiii
aicaeaenoaee n iaeui eiyooeoeeaioii aeeiaie/iinoe (Eae = 1,2-1,4)
neaaeoao eiaoue i?aeiouanoaaiii ia?oaineoii-ea?aeaeioth no?oeoo?o
iaieaaeaiiiai iaoaeea. Iai?ioea, i?e aieueoeo cia/aieyo Eae (2,0-3,5)
no?oeoo?a aeieaeia auoue i?aeiouanoaaiii aonoaieoiie ( 60 %).

Iieacaii, /oi ca n/ao ?aoeeiiaeueiuo ?aaeeiia ii?iaeecaoeee
iaieaaeaiiiai iaoaeea neaaeoao ?aaoee?iaaoue eiee/anoai aonoaieoa e
noaiaiue aai noaaeeueiinoe ii ioiioaieth e aeaoi?iaoeeiiiiio
ia?oaineoiiio i?aa?auaieth, /oi nouanoaaiii iiauoaao eciininoieeinoue
iaieaaeaiiiai iaoaeea.

?acoeueoaou ?aaiou i?ioee i?iiuoeaiiia ii?iaiaaiea e aiaae?aiu a IAI
“Acia” (a. Ia?eoiieue) i?e ainnoaiiaeaiee ieeo uaeiauo ae?iaeeie
Eaeue/eeneiai ea?uea?a. Yoi iicaieeei iiauneoue aeieaiaa/iinoue yoeo
aeaoaeae a 1,5 ?aca e iieo/eoue yeiiiie/aneee yooaeo 24502,68 a?i.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: iaieaai/iue iaoa?eae, ii?ioeiaay eaioa,
eiyooeoeeaio caiieiaiey, oaoiieiaey iaieaaee, no?oeoo?a, iaoanoaaeeueiue
aonoaieo, oaea?ii-aa?aceaiay eciininoieeinoue, eiyooeoeeaio
aeeiaie/iinoe.

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