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Розробка і впровадження раціональних режимів деформації при виробництві тонкої жерсті методом повторного плющення: Автореф. дис… канд. техн. наук /

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AeA?AEAAIA IAOAEO?A?EIA AEAAeAI?ss OE?A?IE

OAeE 621.771.23.016.3

Aeaiaio??iei Ieaenaiae? A?eoi?iae/

?IC?IAEA ? AI?IAAAeAEAIIss ?AOe?IIAEUeIEO ?AAEEI?A AeAOI?IAOe??
I?E AE?IAIEOeOA? OIIEI? AEA?NO? IAOIAeII

IIAOI?IIAI IETHUAIIss

Niaoe?aeuei?noue 05.03.05 – I?ioeane ? iaoeie

ia?iaee oeneii

Aaoi?aoa?ao aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy a/aii? nooiai?

eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe

Aei?i?iiao?ianuee – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien

?iaioa aeeiiaia a Aea?aeaai?e iaoaeo?a?ei?e aeaaeai?? Oe?a?ie

I?i?noa?noai ina?oe Oe?a?ie

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee:

aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Aaneeueia ssiaee Aeeieo?ia, Aea?aeaaia
iaoaeo?a?eia aeaaeai?y Oe?a?ie, i?ioani? eaoaae?e ia?iaee iaoae?a
oeneii.

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:

aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe Iiaia?oeei Ieaen?e Aieiaeeie?iae/, I?i?noa?noai
i?iieneiai? iie?oeee Oe?a?ie, ia/aeueiee Aieiaiiai iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai
oi?aae?iey;

eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe Ia?aaiiiia ?aaai Ieaenaiae?iae/, AAO IE
“Caii??aenoaeue”, ia/aeueiee eaai?aoi??? OeEE.

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa:

?ino?ooo /i?ii? iaoaeo?a?? Iaoe?iiaeueii? Aeaaeai?? iaoe Oe?a?ie,
i?ieaoi? a?aeae?ee,

i. Aei?i?i-iao?ianuee.

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “02” eenoiiaaea 1999 ?. i 1230 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 08.084.02 ii caoenoo
aeena?oaoe?e a Aea?aeaai?e iaoaeo?a?ei?e aeaaeai?? Oe?a?ie (320635, i.
Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, i?. Aaaa?eia, 4, oae. (0562) 410292).

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? Aea?aeaaii?
iaoaeo?a?eii? aeaaeai?? Oe?a?ie (320635, i. Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, i?.
Aaaa?eia, 4)

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “27” aa?aniy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii?

?aaee, aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
I.I.Eiia?ia

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue ?iaioe. Iacaaaeath/e ia oa, ui a inoaii? aeaa-o?e
aeanyoe??//y c’yaeany ?yae iiaeo iaeoaaeueieo iaoa??ae?a, a?ea aea?noue
i?iaeiaaeo? caeeoaoeny iacai?iiei iaoa??aeii i?e aeaioiaeaii? eiina?aii?
oa?e ? ?ioeo oiaeiaie. Oa?a c a?ei? aea?no? a?ae??ciy?oueny iaeith
ianith, aenieith aei?noe?noth, i?oei?noth, ei?ic?eiith no?ee?noth ?
a?aeiinii iecueeith aa?o?noth, ui ?iaeoue ia?aaaaeiei ?? canoinoaaiiy a
?eai?e, eiina?ai?e ? oa?/ia?e i?iieneiaino?. I?e oeueiio iaea?eueoei
iiieoii ei?enoo?oueny oiiea aea?noue iaeeia?iiai iethuaiiy oiaueiith
0,15 – 0,20 ii ? iaeeaiaia aea?noue oiaueiith 0,13 – 0,16 ii, a?aeiia
i?ae iacaith “aea?noue iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy”. AEa?noue iiaea?eiiai
iethuaiiy aeaoaaoa ca aea?noue iaeeia?iiai iethuaiiy (i?e iaei?e ? o?e
aea ieiu?) ? aieiae?? a?eueo aenieei ??aiai o?ceei-iaoai?/ieo ?
neoaeaiaeo aeanoeainoae.

O NOA aea?noue iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy ae?iaeythoue c e?ioey i’yoaeanyoeo
?ie?a. O eieeoiueiio ?aaeyinueeiio Nithc? ae?iaieoeoai aea?no? iaoiaeii
iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy aoei inai?ii o?eueee a 1987 ?ioe? ia
Ea?aaaiae?inueeiio iaoaeo?a?eiiio eiia?iao? (Ea?IE). *a?ac a?aenooi?noue
i?iieneiaiai aeina?aeo i?e ae?iaieoeoa? oaei? aea?no? aeieeea
iaiao?aei?noue o aecia/aii? ia?aiao??a oaoiieia?? iiaea?eiiai oieiaeiiai
iethuaiiy ? ?ic?iaoe? ?aaeei?a aeaoi?iaoe?? ia aeaooee?oaaiio noai? 1400
Ea?IE, ui caaacia/o? io?eiaiiy iaeeaiaii? aea?no? c iaiao?aeiei
eiiieaenii aeanoeainoae, ui aecia/eei aeooaeuei?noue ?iaioe. Oaia ?iaioe
aeooaeueia oaeiae ? aeey Oe?a?ie, oae ye ca?aeii c Aea?aeaaiith
i?ia?aiith “Oa?a ? iaeoaaeuei? iaoa??aee” ia iaeiiio c a?o/eciyieo
i?aei?e?inoa aoaeooue noai?ai? iiooaeiino? aeey aeioneo aea?no?
iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. ?iaioa
aeeiioaaeany a?aeiia?aeii aei caaaeueiinithcii? i?ia?aie “Iaoae” I?iaoca
N?N? ? ca?aeii c iaeacii AII “Iaoaeeo?ai?ii” I?i?noa?noaa /i?ii?
iaoaeo?a?? N?N? ? 416 a?ae 22.04.1986?.

Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiue. Iaoith ?iaioe iinoaei aecia/aiiy
ia?aiao??a oaoiieia?? ae?iaieoeoaa aea?no? iaoiaeii iiaea?eiiai
iethuaiiy canoiniaii aei oiia Ea?IE, ?ic?iaea, aeine?aeaeaiiy ?
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?aoe?iiaeueieo ?aaeei?a aeaoi?iaoe?? i?e iethuaii?
aea?no? oiaueiith 0,15 ii c eiiieaenii o?ceei-iaoai?/ieo aeanoeainoae ?
oi/i?noth, ui caaeiaieueiythoue aeiiaai OO 14-1-4243-87. O ca’yceo c
oeei a ?iaio? iinoaaeai? ? ae??oai? ianooii? caaea/?:

– aeine?aeaeaiiy caeiiii??iinoae ci?ie iaoai?/ieo, i?oaeieo ?
oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae oieiaeiieaoaiiai aeiaeaiiai i?aeeaoa ?
iaeeaiaii? aea?no? a caeaaeiino? a?ae oiia (niiniao) a?aeiaeo ?
a?aeiiniiai iaoeniaiiy i?e iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii?;

– aecia/aiiy oiaueie oieiaeiieaoaiiai aeiaeaiiai i?aeeaoa ? noia?iiai
a?aeiiniiai iaoeniaiiy i?e iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii?, ui
caaacia/othoue io?eiaiiy iaeeaiaii? aea?no? oiaueiith 0,15 ii c
eiiieaenii aeanoeainoae ii OO 14-1-4243-87;

– aea/aiiy caeiiii??iinoae ? iniaeeainoae ci?ie aia?aineeiaeo,
oaiia?aoo?ii-oaeaee?nieo ? aeaoi?iaoe?eieo ia?aiao??a i?e oieiaeiiio
iethuaii? oiieeo ? iniaeeai oiieeo nioa;

– ?ic?iaea ?aoe?iiaeueieo ?aaeei?a aeaoi?iaoe?? i?e iiaoi?iiio
oieiaeiiio iethuaii? ia aeaooee?oaaiio noai? 1400 Ea?IE, ui
caaacia/othoue io?eiaiiy iaeeaiaii? aea?no? oiaueiith 0,15 ii c
oi/i?noth ? eiiieaenii aeanoeainoae, ui caaeiaieueiythoue aeiiaai OO
14-1-4243-87.

Iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy. Oai?aoe/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaaaeai? c
aeei?enoaiiyi a?aeiieo ni?aa?aeiioaiue ? iaoaiaoe/iiai aia?aoo oai???
ia?iaee iaoae?a oeneii. Aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy ia?aiao??a
iethuaiiy, iaoai?/ieo, oaoiieia?/ieo ? i?oaeieo aeanoeainoae aea?no?
aeeiiai? o ae?iaie/eo ? eaai?aoi?ieo oiiaao. I?e oeueiio canoiniaoaaee
iaoiaee oaiaeiiao???iaaiiy, iaoaeia?ao?? ? noaiaea?oi? aei?iaoaaiiy
c?ace?a. ?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaio?a ia?iaeyeeny iaoiaeaie iaoaiaoe/ii?
noaoenoeee.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Iniaenoeie aeinyaiaiiyie
aaoi?a ?:

– caeiiii??iino? ci?ie ii?iaeueieo eiioaeoieo iai?oaeaiue, aeiaaeeie
aeoae eiioaeoo ? neee i?e oieiaeiiio iethuaii? oiieeo ? iniaeeai oiieeo
nioa o aaeeao aaeeeiai ae?aiao?a;

– aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeai? i?i eiao?oe??io Ken? , ui a?aoiao? aieea
oaeaeeino? aeaoi?iaoe?? ia ii?? aeaoi?iaoe?? iaoa??aeo nioae i?e
oieiaeiiio iethuaii?;

– ooi/iaia iiaeaeue iaae? oaeo/ino? ? iii?e aeaoi?iaoe?? iaoa??aeo nioae
i?e oieiaeiiio iethuaii?, ui a?aoiao? aieea nooiai?, oaiia?aoo?e ?
oaeaeeino? aeaoi?iaoe??;

– aenia?eiaioaeueia caeaaei?noue iaoai?/ieo, oaoiieia?/ieo ? i?oaeieo
aeanoeainoae oiiei? iaeeaiaii? aea?no? a?ae a?aeiiniiai iaoeniaiiy i?e
iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii?;

– aenia?eiaioaeueia caeaaei?noue aeey aecia/aiiy oiaueie
oieiaeiieaoaiiai aeiaeaiiai i?aeeaoa, ui caaacia/o? io?eiaiiy oiiei?
iaeeaiaii? aea?no? c iaiao?aeiei eiiieaenii iaoai?/ieo, oaoiieia?/ieo ?
i?oaeieo aeanoeainoae;

– oai?aoe/ia iaa?oiooaaiiy ?aoe?iiaeueieo ?aaeei?a aeaoi?iaoe?? i?e
iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii? aea?no? oiaueiith 0,15; 0,12; 0,10 ?
0,08 ii ia aeaooee?oaaiio noai? 1400 Ea?IE ? aeai?eoi aeey ?o
?aae?caoe??.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a. ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe
ai?iaaaeaeai? o ae?iaie/o i?aeoeeo oeaoo aea?no? Ea?IE ? aeeth/ai? a
oaoiieia?/io ?ino?oeoe?th O?-309-IAE-42-86. Aiie aoee aeei?enoai? i?e
aecia/aii? ia?aiao??a oaoiieia?? iiaoi?iiai oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy
(oiaueie oieiaeiieaoaiiai i?aeeaoa, noia?iiai ? ie?aieo a?aeiinieo
iaoeniaiue) ? ?ic?iaoe? ?aaeei?a aeaoi?iaoe?? ia aeaooee?oaaiio noai?
1400 ? caaacia/eee io?eiaiiy iaeeaiaii? aea?no? oiaueiith 0,15 ii
a?aeiia?aeii aei aeiia OO 14-1-4243-87. ?aae?caoe?y cai?iiiiiaaieo
?ic?iaie aeicaieeea inai?oe oia?oa a eieeoiueiio ?aaeyinueeiio Nithc?, ?
a iaeei?ioo? no?iee, ae?iaieoeoai iiaiai aeaeo iaoaeii?iaeoeoe?? – a?ei?
iaeeaiaii? aea?no? oiaueiith 0,15 ii. Aeiiii?/iee aoaeo a?ae ?aae?caoe??
?acoeueoao?a ?iaioe c o?aooaaiiyi iaeiai? o/ano? aaoi?a noaiiaea 174,8
oen. e?a. (a oe?iao 1987 ?.).

Iniaenoee aianie i?aoaiaeaioa. An? ?acoeueoaoe, neeaaeath/? iniiaiee
ci?no aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe, aoee io?eiai? aaoi?ii naiino?eii, cie?aia
o?, ui noaiiaeyoue ?? iaoeiao iiaecio ? caaaeuei? aeniiaee. A
aeena?oaoe?e ia aeei?enoai? ?aea? ni?a?ia?oiee?a, ui ni?eyee aeeiiaiith
?iaioe.

Aei?iaoaaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy ?iaioe
aeieeaaeai?, iaaiai?ai? ? noaaeai? ia Ananithci?e iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e
eiioa?aioe?? “I?ia?aneai? oaoiieia?/i? i?ioeane o ae?iaieoeoa?
oieiaeiieaoaiiai eenoa” (i. E?iaoeuee, 1985 ?.); Ananithci?e
iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Aaeineiiaeaiiy oaieiaeo i?ioean?a i?e
ae?iaieoeoa? /i?ieo ? eieuei?iaeo iaoae?a” (i. *a?aiiaaoeue, 1986 ?.);
Ananithcii? iaoeiai-oaoi?/ii? eiioa?aioe?? “I?iaeaie i?aeaeuaiiy ??aiy
ae?iaieoeoaa /i?ieo iaoae?a ? nieaa?a” (i. Aeiiaoeuee, 1987 ?.); .);
Ae?oaiai eiia?ano i?ieao/ee?a “Noai ? iniiai? iai?yie ?icaeoeo
i?ieaoiiai, o?oaiiai ? iaoeciiai ae?iaieoeoa” (i. *a?aiiaaoe, 1997 ?.);
Ia’?aeiaiiio iaoeiaiio nai?ia?? eaoaae?e ia?iaee iaoae?a oeneii
Aea?aeaaii? iaoaeo?a?eii? aeaaeai?? Oe?a?ie ? i?ieaoieo a?aeae?e?a
?inoeoooo /i?ii? iaoaeo?a?? Iaoe?iiaeueii? Aeaaeai?? iaoe Oe?a?ie (i.
Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, 1985-1999a.a.).

Ioae?eaoe??. Iniiaiee ci?no ?iaioe iioae?eiaaiee a 12 ae?oea?nueeeo
?iaioao, a oiio /ene? a 1 iiiia?ao??, 6 noaooyo ? 5 aaoi?nueeeo
na?aeioeoaao ia aeiaoiaee.

No?oeoo?a ? ia’?i ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c aaaaeaiiy, i’yoe
?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nienea aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae ? 11 aeiaeaoe?a.
Iiaiee ia`?i aeena?oaoe?? 169 noi?., aeeth/ath/e: 29 iaethie?a, 14
oaaeeoeue, nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae c? 118 iaeiaioaaiue ? 37 noi?.
aeiaeaoe?a.

INIIAIEE CI?NO ?IAIOE

O aaaaeaii? iaa?oioiaaia aeooaeuei?noue ?iaioe, ?? iaoa, ina?oeai?
iaoeia? ? i?aeoe/i? ?acoeueoaoe, a oaeiae iieiaeaiiy, ui aeiinyoueny ia
caoeno.

NOAI IEOAIIss

O ia?oiio ?icae?e? aeaiee aiae?c noaio ae?iaieoeoaa aea?no? ? iaaiai?ai?
aeiiae, ui i?aae’yaeythoueny aei ?? yeino?. I?eaaaeai? a?aeiiino? i?i
niiniae ae?iaieoeoaa aea?no?, ?icaeyioo? iniaeeaino? oaoiieia?? ?
iaeaaeiaiiy aeey iiaoi?iiai oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy aea?no?.

AEa?noue – oea oiieee oieiaeiieaoaiee eeno c iaeiaoaea?iaeenoi? noae?
oiaueiith 0,076 – 0,50 ii oe?eiith aei 965 ii. ?ic??ciththoue aea?noue
/i?io, oiaoi iaiie?eoo yeei iaaooue caoenoiei iie?eooyi, a oaeiae
aea?noue eoaeaeaio, o?iiiaaio, aethi?i??iaaio ? o.ae. AEa?noue iie?eoo
oa?ii ieiaa iaceaathoue a?eith. Oiaueia ieia’yiiai iie?eooy, ui
iaiineoueny iaoiaeaie aeaeo?ie?oe/iiai inaaeaeaiiy aai caio?aiiyi a
?icieaa neeaaea? a?aeiia?aeii 0,15 – 1,92 iei ? 1,54 – 3,08 iei. C on?o
aeae?a aea?no? ia?oa i?noea ii ianyaao ae?iaieoeoaa caeia? a?ea aea?noue
aeaeo?ie?oe/iiai eoae?iiy. O an?o e?a?iao niinoa??aa?oueny iino?eia
oaiaeaioe?y aei cieaeaiiy oiaueie aea?no?. O oeae /an na?aaeiy oiaueia
a?ei? aea?no? aeaeo?ie?oe/iiai eoae?iiy, oa, ui aeionea?oueny a na?o?
neeaaea? iaioa ca 0,17 ii.

Noai?aiiy oaoiieia?? iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy aea?no? aoei aeeeeeaia
iaiao?aei?noth io?eiaiiy oiiei? ? iniaeeai oiiei? aea?no? oiaueiith
0,076 – 0,16 ii, a oaeiae aea?no? a?eueoi? oiaueie i?aeaeuaii?
aei?noeino? ? i?oeiino?. Aeo?aeiith caaio?aeith (i?aeeaoii) aeey
ae?iaieoeoaa oiiei? aea?no? neoaeeoue aeiaeaia aea?noue iaeeia?iiai
iethuaiiy oiaueiith 0,12 – 0,50 ii, yea cacia? iiaoi?iiai oieiaeiiai
iethuaiiy ia niaoe?ae?ciaaieo aeaio- aai o?ueioee?oaaeo aacia?a?aieo
noaiao c noia?iei a?aeiiniei iaoeniaiiy aei 0,3 – 0,5. Io?eiaia i?ney
iiaoi?iiai oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy aea?noue ia aeiaeth?oueny. Aeae?
aea?noue iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy iaacaee?th?oueny, cacia? eoae?iiy
(o?iioaaiiy), a?aei?aaey?oueny niiaeeaa/ai ? ia?a?iaey?oueny o ieo a
iaeeaiaiiio noai?. Oea icia/a?, ui aeaioiaeaiiy aeaiaio?a oa?e c aea?no?
iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy cae?enith?oueny a iaeeaiaiiio noai?. Iaiao?aeiee
eiiieaen neoaeaiaeo ? oaoiieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae iaeeaiaii? aea?no?
caaacia/o?oueny, i?e ?ioeo ??aieo oiiaao, o?eueee aaee/eiith noia?iiai
a?aeiiniiai iaoeniaiiy i?e iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii? 2 aai
cia/aiiyi oiaueie oieiaeiieaoaiiai aeiaeaiiai i?aeeaoa h0. Oiio
aecia/aiiy cia/aiue ia?aiao??a 2 e h0 ? eeth/iaei aeaiaioii oaoiieia??
ae?iaieoeoaa aea?no? iaoiaeii iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy. Ca?aeii OO
14-1-4243-87 aeanoeaino? aea?no? iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy c? noae? 08ei
oiaueiith 0,15 ii, oaoiieia?y ae?iaieoeoaa yei? aoea inai?ia ia Ea?IE,
iiaeii? aooe ianooiieie (aei?iaoaaiiy ii AINO 13345-85): oaa?ae?noue
HR3OO: ia aeiaciiio noieeeo 70-75 iae.; ia noaeueiiio noieeeo 76-82
iae.; eoo i?oaeeiaiiy = 110-133; aeeaeia eoiee ii A??enaio JE 2,5 ii;
a?aeoeeaiiy a?ae ieiueiino? – aei 4 ii; oi?noe?noue iiaa?oi? i?e
iaianaii? caoeniiai iie?eooy aeaeo?ie?oe/iei niiniaii Ra 0,63 iei.

Aiae?c iieacaa, ui a?aeoai?aiiy oaoiieia?? ae?iaieoeoaa aea?no? iaoiaeii
iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy ii iaoa??aeao ca?oa?aeieo ioae?eaoe?e iaiiaeeeai
/a?ac iaaeinoaoi?noue ? noia?a/-i?noue a?aeiiinoae, ui i?noyoueny a ieo.
Oiio ia Ea?IE aoea noai?aia ? ai?iaaaeaeaia ii noo? a?o/eciyia
oaoiieia?y ae?iaieoeoaa iaeeaiaii? aea?no?.

AENIA?EIAIOAEUeIA AeINE?AeAEAIIss IAOAI?*IEO AEANOEAINOAE
OIEIAeIIEAOAIIAI AEIAEAIIAI I?AeEAOA ? IAEEAIAII? AEA?NO? C? NOAE? 08EI

Oaoiieia?y ae?iaieoeoaa aea?no? iaoiaeii iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy
a?ae??ciy?oueny aeaio noaae?ei?noth oieiaeiiai ia?aae?eo ? aaeeeith
e?euee?noth oaoiieia?/ieo iia?aoe?e. O oeeo oiiaao ianoaa?euei?noue
eiaeiiai oaoiieia?/iiai ia?aiao?a iineeth? aieea aeaiaioa aeiaaeeiaino?
ia aeanoeaino? iaeeaiaii? aea?no?. O ca’yceo c oeei aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy
aieeao ia?aiao??a oaoiieia?? ia aeanoeaino? oieiaeiieaoaiiai aeiaeaiiai
i?aeeaoa ? iaeeaiaii? aea?no? aeei?enoaee noaoenoe/i? iaoiaee.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeee ia i?iieneiaeo ia?o?yo i?aeeaoa (aea?no?
iaeeia?iiai iethuaiiy) oiaueiith 0,20 – 0,36 ii c? noae? 08ei
ae?iaieoeoaa Ea?IE, i?ieaoaiiai c noia?iei a?aeiiniei iaoeniaiiy i?e
ia?oiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii? 0,88 – 0,93. A?aeiae i?aeeaoa cae?enithaaee
a eiaiaeiauo ia/ao ? aa?aaao? aacia?a?aiiai a?aeiaeo (AAA) ii i?eeiyoeo
a oeaoo aea?no? Ea?IE ?aaeeiao. Aeae? ae??cai? c aeiaeaiiai i?aeeaoa
ea?oee ?ici??aie 0,20 – 0,36 100 – 150 300 – 600 ii i?ieaooaaee a
oieiaeiiio noai? ia eaai?aoi?iiio aeaioaaeeiaii noai? 200 c noia?iei
a?aeiiniei iaoeniaiiy 0,60 – 0,65. Ie?ai? a?aeiini? iaoeniaiiy i?e
iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii? ci?ithaaeeny a iaaeao 0,05 – 0,30. C
oieiaeiieaoaiiai aeiaeaiiai i?aeeaoa ? i?ieaoaieo c ??ciei noia?iei
iaoeniaiiy i?e iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii? ea?oie ae??caee c?acee
aeey aecia/aiiy oiiaii? iaae? oaeo/ino? o , iaae? i?oeiino? a ,
oaa?aeino? HR30O, aeeaeie eoiee ii A??enaio JE, a?aeiiniiai
iiaeiaaeaiiy ? eooa i?oaeeiaiiy (o?eueee aeey iaeeaiaiiai iaoaeo).
?ici??e c?ace?a ? cia/aiiy ia?a?aoiaaieo ia?aiao??a, ca aeiyoeii eooa ,
aecia/aee ii iaoiaeeeao, aeeeaaeaieo a AINO 1497-73, AINO 22975-78 ?
AINO 10510-74. Cia/aiiy eooa i?oaeeiaiiy aecia/aee ia i?eeaaeao oeio
A4 NIA ii AINO 8.326-28 ? “Speinqbach temper tester” G-67-2-Ae.
E?euee?noue c?ace?a aeey eiaeiiai c ia?a?aoiaaieo aei?iaoaaiue a?ae
iaeiiai ?oeiio noaiiaeea 5-8. Aeai?, ui aiae?cothoueny a ?iaio? io?eiai?
ca ?acoeueoaoaie aei?iaoaaiue c?ace?a c 1290 ?oeii?a ??cieo ieaaie,
iethuaiiy yeeo i?iaiaeeeinue ??cieie a?eaaaeaie i?ioyaii iaeiiai ?ieo.
Oi/i?noue ?acoeueoao?a aei?iaoaaiue aecia/aeany ii caaaeueiii?eeiyoeo
?iaeaia?ieo iaoiaeeeao. Iiieeee aei??thaaiue cia/aiue ia?a?aoiaaieo
ia?aiao??a ciaoiaeeeeny a iaaeao 3,2 – 5,9%. ?acoeueoaoe aeeiiaiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacaee, ui iaoai?/i? ? oaoiieia?/i? aeanoeaino?
oieiaeiieaoaiiai aeiaeaiiai i?aeeaoa a oeaoo aea?no? Ea?IE
oa?aeoa?ecothoueny ianooiieie aaee/eiaie:

– i?aeeao aeiaeaiee a eiaiaeiauo ia/ao: o = 190-330 I/ii2; oaa?ae?noue –
55-61 HR30O; JE = 7,1-8,1 ii;

– iiaeeao aeiaeaiee a AAA: o = 300–360 I/ii2; oaa?ae?noue – 56-62 HR30O;
JE = 7,7- 8,3 ii.

Cia/aiiy ia?aiao??a o , , HR30O, JE ? iaeeaiaii? noae? 08ei
i?aaenoaaeai? o aeaeyae? a?ao?/ii? caeaaeiino? a?ae noia?iiai
a?aeiiniiai iaoeniaiiy i?e iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii? 2.
Anoaiiaeaii, ui aiane?aeie aaeeeiai ?ico?aeaeaiiy cia/aiue o ? JE
i?aeeao, aeiaeaiee a eiaiaeiaeo ia/ao ia caaacia/o? io?eiaiiy iaeeaiaii?
aea?no? c iaiao?aeieie aeanoeainoyie. Oiio aeey ae?iaieoeoaa iaeeaiaii?
aea?no? a oiiaao Ea?IE aoa ?aeiiaiaeiaaiee i?aeeao, aeiaeaiee a AAA, ui
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny a?eueoith noaa?euei?noth iaoai?/ieo ? oaoiieia?/ieo
aeanoeainoae. Iaeeaiaia aea?noue, io?eiaia c oaeiai i?aeeaoa
a?aecia/a?oueny oi?ioei ii?aeiaiiyi iaoai?/ieo, oaoiieia?/ieo ? i?oaeieo
aeanoeainoae ? caaeiaieueiy? aeiiaai OO 14-1-4243-87.

Aiane?aeie noaoenoe/ii? ia?iaee io?eiaieo aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo
cai?iiiiiaaia iiaeaeue aeey i?iaiicoaaiiy iaae? oaeo/ino? o iaeeaiaii?
noae? 08ei a?ae nooiaiy aeaoi?iaoe?? i?e iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio
iethuaii?:

o = oeno + 40 (1002)0,55 ,
(1)

aea oeno – cia/aiiy iaae? oaeo/ino? oieiaeiieaoaiiai
aeiaeaiiai i?aeeaoa.

Ii io?eiai?e aenia?eiaioaeuei?e caeaaeiino? JE = (2) , HR30O = (2) ?
= (2) aecia/aia aaee/eia noia?iiai a?aeiiniiai iaoeniaiiy i?e
iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii? (2 = 0,29-0,35), ui caaacia/o? io?eiaiiy
iaeeaiaii? aea?no? oiaueiith 0,15 ii c eiiieaenii aeanoeainoae ii OO
14-1-4243-87. Aeacaiiio ae?aiaciio iaoeniaiiy 2 a?aeiia?aea? oiaueia
i?aeeaoa, ??aia 0,21-0,23 ii. A?aoiaoth/e ?nioth/ee ni?oaiaio oeaoo
aea?no? Ea?IE oiaueia oieiaeiieaoaiiai aeiaeaiiai i?aeeaoa, aeey
ae?iaieoeoaa iaeeaiaii? aea?no? oiaueiith 0,15 ii, i?eeiyoa ??aiith 0,22
ii. I?e aecia/aii? aaee/eia 2 ae??oaeueiee aieea iaaeaee aeiiae, ui
i?aae’yaeythoueny aei i?oaeieo aeanoeainoae iaeeaiaii? aea?no?. Oiio ca
iniiaiee e?eoa??e aeanoeainoae aea?no? iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy aoa
i?eeiyoee ia?aiao? . Noaoenoe/ia ia?iaea aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo
aeicaieeea io?eiaoe ianooiia ??aiyiiy ?aa?an??:
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 , (2)

aea h0 , h – a?aeiia?aeii oiaueia oieiaeiieaoaiiai aeiaeaiiai
i?aeeaoa ? iaeeaiaii? aea?no?, ii; – eoo i?oaeeiaiiy iaeeaiaii?
aea?no?, a?aae.

Ii ??aiyiith (2) iiaea aooe aecia/aia oiaueia i?aeeaoa aeey ae?iaieoeoaa
iaeeaiaii? aea?no? c ??cieie niieo/aiyie oiaueie ? iaiao?aeieo i?oaeieo
aeanoeainoae, a oaeiae aeey ei?aeooaaiiy oiaueie inoaiiuei? o ?ac? ci?ie
eiai iaae? oaeo/ino?.

?IC?IAEA ?IAEAIA?II? IIAeAE? IAAE? OAEO*INO? ? III?O AeAOI?IA-Oe?? I?E
OIEIAeIIIO IETHUAII? NOAE? 08EI

Iiaeae? iaae? oaeo/ino?, ui ? a e?oa?aoo?? ? iii?o aeaoi?iaoe?? noae?
08ei ia a?aeia?aaeathoue iniaeeaino? i?ioeano iiaoi?iiai oieiaeiiai
iethuaiiy. Oea noino?oueny ia?aaeon?i o?aooaaiiy aieeao ii/aoeiaiai
noaio i?aeeaoo, a oaeiae oaiia?aoo?e ? oaeaeeino? aeaoi?iaoe??. Aeey
io?eiaiiy aeaieo i?i aieea oaiia?aoo?e aeaoi?iaoe?? ia iaaeo oaeo/ino?
aoee i?eaaaeai? aei?iaoaaiiy aeiaeaieo ? iaeeaiaieo c?ace?a c o?ao?iith
ae?eyieith (AINO 1497-84) a ae?aiacii? oaiia?aoo? 20-600 N. Oaiia?aoo?i?
aei?iaoaaiiy i?iaiaeeee o a?aeiia?aeiino? c AINO 9651-84 ia ?ic?eai?e
iaoei? o??ie “Rihle”, ia?aiao?e yei? caaeiaieueiyee aeiiaai AINO
7855-84. Ia iniia? io?eiaieo aeaieo cai?iiiiiaaia iiaeaeue iaae?
oaeo/ino? noae? 08ei c o?aooaaiiyi noaiai? ? oaiia?aoo?e aeaoi?iaoe??
ot:
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,

(3)

aea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 , (4)

a0 , a1, a2 , a3 – aii??e/i? eiao?oe??ioe;

t , tie – a?aeiia?aeii oaiia?aoo?a aeaoi?iaoe?? ?
oaiia?aoo?a ieaaeaiiy noae? 08ei.

Iiaeaeue (4) ni?aaaaeeeaa a ae?aiacii? oaiia?aoo? aei 300 N. Iiaeaeue
(3) i?ecia/aia aeey i?iaiicoaaiiy iaae? oaeo/ino? nioae c? noae? 08ei a
e?i?? noaio iiaoi?iiai oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy.

Aeey aecia/aiiy na?aaeiuei? aaee/eie iii?o aeaoi?iaoe?? noae? 08ei o
aiaieu? (on?), ui aoiaeeoue i?yiei ni?aiiiaeieeii a iiaeae? na?aaei?o
eiioaeoieo iai?oaeaiue i?e oieiaeiiio

iethuaii?, a oe?e ?iaio? aeei?enoaia iiaeaeue:

wmetafile8? ??3/4???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????@?
???&??yyyy?????AyyyAyyy@????????&?
?MathType??p????u?th??????

aaea wmetafile8? ??o???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
??”???&??yyyy?????Ayyy¦yyy@”??¦?????&?
?MathType??0???u`yU?????

wmetafile8? ??‰???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????a
$???&??yyyy?????Ayyy°yyya#??

wmetafile8? ?????????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????AA
???&??yyyy?????Ayyy?yyy? ??h?????&??MathType??0
???u?????????”????-?????»V ????‡ ???u??
???????”????-????§‡ ???dI ???-?????dOe
???L4???L4???Lu
???u?????????”????-????Ueu???UeV
???-?????Uer???UeP???UeC???Ue*???Ue7???Ue]
???Yv???=§???-????E§???i???-?????oe
???`?T???`?T???`? ???u?y??????

wmetafile8? ??TH???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
a`???&??yyyy?????Ayyy¶yyy ??–?????&??MathType??°?
???u?????????”????-?????ue????ueh???uYya?????i? , , –
a?aeiia?aeii iiia?aaei?, aeiaaeeiaa ? noia?ia a?aeiinia iaoeniaiiy nioae
i?e oieiaeiiio iethuaii?;

t0 , t1 , tn? , tno – a?aeiia?aeii oaiia?aoo?a nioae ia aoiae? ? aeoiae?
c aiaieua aeaoi?iaoe??, ?? na?aaei? cia/aiiy o aiaieu? ? oaiia?aoo?a
noaoenoe/ieo aei?iaoaaiue, N (tno = 20N);

un? , uno – a?aeiia?aeii na?aaeiy oaeaee?noue aeaoi?iaoe?? i?e iethuaii?
? oaeaee?noue aeaoi?iaoe?? i?e noaoenoe/ieo aei?iaoaaiiyo, n-1 (uno =
10-3 n-1).

Iiaeae? (6) ? (8) io?eiai? a?aeiia?aeii aiae?oe/iei ? aenia?eiaioaeueiei
oeyoii. Aeey aecia/aiiy eiao?oe??ioa Ken? , ui a?aoiao? aieea oaeaeeino?
aeaoi?iaoe?? ia ii?? aeaoi?iaoe?? noae? 08ei aoea ?ic?iaeaia
niaoe?aeueia iaoiaeeea. Ca aeiiiiiaith oe??? iaoiaeeee aoee io?eiai?
oia?oa aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeai? ia Ken? i?e oieiaeiiio iethuaii?, a
iane?aeie noaoenoe/ii? ia?iaee oeeo aeaieo noai?aia iiaeaeue (8).

Ii??aiyeuei? ? aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacaee, ui iiaeae? (3)
– (9) o?ce/ii a??ii ?ioa?i?aoothoue aieea aeaoi?iaoe?eieo ?
oaiia?aoo?ii-oaeaee?nieo oiia oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy ia ot , Kt , on? ,
on? , Ktn? , Ken? , tn? ? caaacia/othoue i?iaiicoaaiiy cia/aiue
ia?a?aoiaaieo ia?aiao??a ?c caaeia?eueiith oi/i?noth. Ia aac? oeeo
iiaeaeae ?ic?iaeaiee aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo iaae? oaeo/ino? ? na?aaeiuei?
aaee/eie iii?o aeaoi?iaoe?? i?e oieiaeiiio iethuaii?, ui ? neeaaeiaith
/anoeith aeai?eoio ?ic?aooieo ?aaeei?a iaoeniaiiy ia aacia?a?aieo
aea?no?i?ieaoieo noaiao.

IAA?OIOOAAIIss ? OOI*IAIIss IAOEIAOE*II? IIAeAE? I?IOeANO OIEIAeIIAI
IETHUAIIss OIIEEO NIOA ? AEA?NO?

Oieiaeia iethuaiiy oiieeo nioa ? aea?no? oa?aeoa?eco?oueny aaeeeeie (750
– 2000 ? a?eueoa) cia/aiiyie ia?aiao?a R/h0 (aea R , h0 – a?aeiia?aeii
?aae?on ?iai/iai aaeea ? oiaueia nioae ia aoiae? o aiaieua aeaoi?iaoe??)
? cae?enith?oueny i?e aenieiio ??ai? na?aaei?o ii?iaeueieo eiioaeoieo
iai?oaeaiue (800 – 1500 I/ii2). O oeeo oiiaao, ia??ai? c iii?ii
aeaoi?iaoe?? iaoa??aeo nioae, ae??oaeueiee aieea ia ia?aiao?e ?
aoaeoeai?noue i?ioeano oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy /eiyoue iai?oaeaiiy oa?oy ia
eiioaeoi?e iiaa?oi? ? i?oaei? aeaoi?iaoe?? aaee?a ? nioae.

?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue eiao?oe??ioa iai?oaeaiiai noaio ? iiaiiii?
neee iethuaiiy ii iiaeaeyo A.?.Oeae?eiaa ? A.I.Eoaianueeiai aeicaieeee
c?iaeoe ianooiiee aeniiaie:

1. Iiaeaeue A.?.Oeae?eiaa caaacia/o? io?eiaiiy iaae?eii? ?ioi?iaoe??
i?i ii?iaeuei? eiioaeoi? iai?oaeaiiy ? neeo o?eueee i?e iethuaii?
a?aeiinii oianoeo nioa (R/h0500-600) c iaaaeeeeie iaoeniaiiyie ? c
iaeeie eiao?oe??ioaie oa?oy.)

2. Iiaeaeue A.I.Eoaianueeiai i?aoeacaeaoia o anueiio ae?aiacii? oiia
?nioaaiiy i?ioeano oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy, ui aeicaieeei aeei?enoaoe ?? ye
iniiao iiaeae? aeey i?iaiicoaaiiy ii?iaeueieo eiioaeoieo iai?oaeaiue ?
neee i?e iethuaii? oiieeo nioa ? aea?no?, eiee cia/aiiy ia?aiao?a R/h0
aeinyaathoue 500 – 2000 ? a?eueo.

sse iiaeaeue aiaieua aeaoi?iaoe?? ? iiaeaeae aia?aineeiaeo,
oaiia?aoo?ieo ? e?iaiaoe/ieo ia?aiao??a i?e iethuaii? oiiei? aea?no?
aeei?enoaee iiaeae?, noai?ai? ia eaoaae?? ia?iaee iaoae?a oeneii
Aea?aeaaii? iaoaeo?a?eii? aeaaeai?? Oe?a?ie, ui a?aeia?aaeathoue
iniaeeaino? oi?oaiieanoe/iiai eiioaeoo i?e oieiaeiiio iethuaii? oiiei?
nioae o aaeeao aaeeeiai ae?aiao?a.

C aeei?enoaiiyi oeeo iiaeaeae aeeiiaia aeine?aeaeaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
i?ioeano oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy oiieeo ? iniaeeai oiieeo nioa. I?i
aoaeoeai?noue i?ioeano noaeeee ii oa?aeoa?o ci?ie ooieoe??:

?n = (h0 ) ,

(10)

aea Pn , h0 – neea iethuaiiy, i?ae?aoiaaia c o?aooaaiiyi
i?oaeieo aeaoi?iaoe?e aaee?a ? nioae.

Iieacaii, ui caeaaei?noue ?n = ( h0 ) i?e oieiaeiiio iethuaii? oiieeo
nioa ? aea?no?, i?e ?ioeo ??aieo oiiaao, iathoue yne?aai ae?aaeaiee
i?i?ioi, ui na?ae/eoue i?i oa, ui caaaeaee ? iaeia cia/aiiy ii/aoeiai?
oiaueie nioae h0o , i?e yeiio cia/aiiy neee iethuaiiy ? iaeiaioei. I?e
h0 h0o ca?eueoo?oueny ?ioaineai?noue c?inoaiiy na?aaei?o ii?iaeueieo
eiioaeoieo iai?oaeaiue pn?n , ui i?eaiaea aei ca?eueoaiiy aeiaaeeie
aeoae eiioaeoo nioae c aaeeii lc ?, ye iane?aeie, aei c?inoaiiy neee
iethuaiiy. I?e h0 h0o ca?eueoo?oueny oaeiae aeo?aoa aia?a?? ia
iiaeieaiiy aeiaeaoeiaeo nee oa?oy ia eiioaeo?, aeeeeeaieo c?inoaiiyi lc
, ui cieaeo? aia?aaoe/io aoaeoeai?noue i?ioeano oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy ?
iaoeneath/o caeaoi?noue ?iai/i? ee?o?. I?e h0 h0o cia/aiiy pn?n
iaioathoue, a lc ca?eueoo?oueny aiane?aeie ca?eueoaiiy aaniethoiiai
iaoeniaiiy h, aeeeeeaiiai c?inoaiiyi oiaueie nioae h0. A oeueiio
aeiaaeeo ?ioaineai?noue c?inoaiiy lc cia/ii ia?aaeuo? ?ioaineai?noue
ciaioaiiy pn?n aiane?aeie /iai ca?eueoo?oueny ? neea iethuaiiy.
Iaeii/anii ca?eueoo?oueny ? iiooaei?noue iethuaiiy, aea o?eueee a o?e ??
/anoei?, yea aeo?a/a?oueny aieiaiei /eiii ia oi?iici?iaiiy nioae. Oiio
i?e h0 h0o i?ioean oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy ? aia?aaoe/ii aea?aeiei.

Aeey aecia/aiiy oiia aaaeaiiy i?ioeano oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy oiieeo ?
iniaeeai oiieeo nioa aea?no? c iaeiaioith neeith, oiaoi aeey
ciaoiaeaeaiiy i?i?ioio ooieoe?? (10), ia? aooe aeei?enoaia oiiaa:
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(11)

Ia iniia? iaoaiaoe/ii? iiaeae? i?ioeano oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy oiieeo nioa
? aea?no? ?ic?iaeaiee aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo ?aaeei?a iaoeniaiiy ia
aacia?a?aieo aea?noai?ieaoieo noaiao. Aeai?eoi a?aoiao? aieea i?oaeieo
aeaoi?iaoe?e aaee?a ? nioae, iaoyao, ci?oeiaiiy iaoa??aeo nioae,
eiao?oe??ioa oa?oy ? oaiia?aoo?ii-oaeaee?nieo oiia aeaoi?iaoe?e ia
aia?aineeia? ? e?iaiaoe/i? ia?aiao?e i?ioeano, a?ae??ciy?oueny
oi?iaeueiith i?inoioith, aaeeeith oaeaeeiae??th, oe?ieei ae?aiaciiii
i?aoeacaeaoiino? ? caaacia/o? io?eiaiiy iaiao?aeii? ?ioi?iaoe?? ?c
caaeia?eueiith oi/i?noth.

Aenia?eiaioaeueia ia?aa??ea iieacaea, ui iaeneiaeuei? a?aeoeeaiiy
?ic?aooieiaeo cia/aiue ia?aiao??a iethuaiiy a?ae aenia?eiaioaeueieo ia
ia?aaeuothoue 8-12%.

?IC?IAEA ?AOe?IIAEUeIEO ?AAEEI?A IETHUAIIss OIIEI? AEA?NO? IA
AeAOOEE?OAAIIO NOAI? 1400 Ea?IE ? AeINE?AeAEAIIss ?O AOAEOEAIINO?

Iniiaith ?aaeeio iethuaiiy ia aoaeue-yeiio aacia?a?aiiio noai? ?
no?aoaa?y ?iciiae?eo ie?aieo a?aeiinieo iaoeniaiue ? iaoyaiaiue ii
ee?oyo, ui aecia/a?oueny oiaueiith ? iaoai?/ieie aeanoeainoyie nioae, ui
i?ieaoo?oueny, aeiiaaie, ui i?aae’yaeythoueny aei yeino? aioiai?
i?iaeoeoe?? ? iiaeeeainoyie i?ieaoiiai iaeaaeiaiiy. I?e iethuaii? oiiei?
? iniaeeai oiiei? aea?no?, eiee i?oaei? aeaoi?iaoe?? ?ino?oiaioa ?
iaoaeo aieeaathoue ae??oaeueiei /eiii ia aia?aineeia? ia?aiao?e ?
cia/aiiy iiaeoey aei?noeino? nioae aaeee?, aecia/aeueio ?ieue i?e
?iciiae?e? ie?aieo a?aeiinieo iaoeniaiue ii ee?oyo iaaeathoue
aia?aaoe/ia aoaeoeai?noue i?ioeano ? iaoeneoth/a caeaoi?noue ee?oae.
Oiio i?e aecia/aii? ie?aieo a?aeiinieo iaoeniaiue ii ee?oyo i?e
iethuaii? aea?no? oiaueiith 0,15 ii ia aeaooee?oaaiio noai? 1400 Ea?IE
aeei?enoiaoaaee oiiao (11). Iaeii/anii c oeei aoei anoaiiaeaii, ui i?e
?iciiae?e? ie?aieo a?aeiinieo iaoeniaiue ia oeueiio noai? iaiao?aeii
a?aoiaoaaoe ianooii? oaoiieia?/i? iaiaaeaiiy:

– canoinoaaiiy ie?aieo a?aeiinieo iaoeniaiue o ae?oa?e ee?o? iaioa ca
0,10 ia caaacia/o? aoaeoeaii? ?iaioe nenoaie aaoiiaoe/iiai ?aaoethaaiiy
oiaueie ? iaoyaiaiiy (NA?O ? I) nioae, a i?e iethuaii? c iaoeniaiiyie
a?eueoa ca 0,25 – 0,30 niinoa??aa?oueny aaeeea ia??aiii??i?noue
caaaioaaeaiiy ee?oae noaio ii nee? ? iiooaeiino?, iia??oothoueny oaieia?
oiiae ?iaioe aaee?a aeaii? ee?o?, iaiaaeo?oueny oaeaee?noue iethuaiiy,
ca?eueoo?oueny iaieiueii?noue ? a?ae?eai?noue nioae;

– ie?aia a?aeiinia iaoeniaiiy ? oi?noe?noue iiaa?oi? ?iai/eo aaee?a
ia?oi? ee?o? caeaaeaoue a?ae yeino? iiaa?oi? i?aeeaoa, a ie?aia
a?aeiinia iaoeniaiiy ? oi?noe?noue iiaa?oi? ?iai/eo aaee?a ae?oai? ee?o?
aecia/athoue oi?noe?noue iiaa?oi? aioiai? aea?no?.

Aenia?eiaioaeueii anoaiiaeaii, ui ia noai? 1400 aeioe?eueii
canoiniaoaaoe ?iai/? aaeee a ia?o?e ee?o? c ian?/aiith iiaa?oiath (Rz1 =
10 – 12 iei), o ae?oa?e – oe?oiaai? (Ra2 0,55 iei).

?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue iieacaee, ui iethuaiiy aea?no? oiaueiith
iaioa ca 0,15 ii c iaeiaioith neeith ia aeaiiio noai? iaiiaeeeai,
ine?eueee oiaueia i?aeeaoa ? oiaueia nioae ia aoiae? o ae?oao ee?oue,
i?e aoaeue-yeiio ?iciiae?e? ie?aieo a?aeiinieo iaoeniaiue, ciaoiaeyoueny
e?a?oa i?i?ioio e?eaeo ?n = ( h0 ). ?ioeie neiaaie iethuaiiy oiiei?
aea?no? ia noai? 1400 ? aia?aaoe/ii iaaea?aeiei. Oiio ie?ai? a?aeiini?
iaoeniaiiy ii ee?oyo noaio 1400 aecia/aee aeoiaey/e c ianooiieo
i??eoaaiue:

– cae?eniaiiy i?ioeano i?e iiaeeeai a?eueo iecueeiio ??ai? neee a iaei?e
(i??i?eoaoi?e) aai a iaio ee?oyo;

– cae?eniaiiy i?ioeano i?e iaaiiio ni?aa?aeiioaii? aaniethoieo cia/aiue
neee iethuaiiy a iaio ee?oyo;

– caaacia/aiiy aoaeoeaii? ?iaioe NA?O ? I.

Ia iniia? aeeeaaeaiiai io?eiaee ianooiia ??aiyiiy ?aa?an?? aeey
aecia/aiiy iioeiaeueii? aaee/eie ie?aiiai a?aeiiniiai iaoeniaiiy o
ae?oa?e ee?o? (2):
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 ,
(12)

aea f1 , f2 – a?aeiia?aeii eiao?oe??io oa?oy a ia?o?e ?
ae?oa?e ee?o? noaio;

h0 , R2 – oiaueia i?aeeaoa ? ?aae?on ?iai/eo aaee?a
ae?oai? ee?o?, ii;

2 – noia?ia a?aeiinia iaoeniaiiy i?e iiaoi?iiio
oieiaeiiio iethuaii?.

I?e oeueiio ie?aia a?aeiinia iaoeniaiiy a ia?o?e ee?o? (1) ??aia:
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 ,
(13)

O caeaaeiino? a?ae oaeoe/iiai ci?iaiiy cia/aiiy eiao?oe??ioa oa?oy
iioeiaeuei? aaee/eie ie?aieo a?aeiinieo iaoeniaiue i?e iethuaii? aea?no?
oiaueiith 0,15 ii ia noai? 1400 Ea?IE ciaoiaeyoueny a ae?aiaciiao: 1 =
0,15 – 0,25; 2 = 0,10 – 0,20.

A?aoiaoth/e, ui caaacia/aiiy iaiao?aeii? aeeaoee ? oi?ioi? ieaioaoiino?
iaeeaiaii? aea?no? aeinyaa?oueny i?e aaeeeeo iaoyaiaiiyo, a uia
caiia?aoe ia?eaiino? nioae iaoyaiaiiy iiaeii? aooe a?eueo iecueeeie, i?e
?ic?iaoe? ?aaeei?a iethuaiiy oiiei? aea?no? ia oeueiio noai? ieoii?
iaoyaiaiiy nioae i?eeiaee ianooiieie:

– ia aoiae? ? aeoiae? c? noaio – (0,10 – 0,30) o;

– a iaaeee?oaaiio i?ii?aeeo – (0,25 – 0,45) o.

Aeey iiia?aaeaeaiiy iiia?a/iiai aeaeio nioae iethuaiiy o ae?oa?e ee?o?
cae?enithaaee c ni?aa?aeiioaiiyi ao?aeiiai ? aeo?aeiiai ieoiieo
iaoyaiaiue, ??aiiio 1,5 – 4,0.

C aeei?enoaiiyi ?acoeueoao?a aeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy ? aeai?eoio,
i?eaaaeaiiai a iiia?aaeiueiio ?icae?e?, aeeiiai? ?ic?aooiee ?aaeei?a
iaoeniaiiy i?e iethuaii? oiiei? aea?no? ia aeaioee?oaaiio noai? 1400
Ea?IE. O oaaeeoe? 1 i?aaenoaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe ?ic?aooie?a ?aaeei?a
iaoeniaiue i?e iethuaii? aea?no? oiaueiith 0,15; 0,12; 0,10 ? 0,08 ii,
oe?eiith 890 ii, a?aeiia?aeii noaoe?iia?iei (ii oa?oth ? oaeaeeino?)
oiiaai ?iaioe noaio.

O oeae /an inai?ii ? ai?iaaaeaeaii o ae?iaieoeoai iethuaiiy o?eueee
iaeiiai i?io?ea?ici??a oiiei? aea?no? – 0,15 890 ii. Aeey iethuaiiy
aea?no? – 0,15 890 ii ?ic?iaeaia ianooiia i?io?ethaaiiy aaee?a noaio
1400: iii?i? aaeee iaio ee?oae – oeee?iae?e/i? c neiao?e/ieie
iiaea?eieie neinaie ii e?ayo ia a?aenoai? 90 ? 200 ii a?ae e?ath ai/ee
aeeaeiith a?aeiia?aeii 1,5 ? 0,5 ii; ?iai/? aaeee ia?oi? ee?o? –
oeee?iae?e/i?; ?iai/? aaeee ae?oai? ee?o? – aeioee? c i?io?eai
noai?thth/ith, aeeiiaiei ii on?/ai?e ia?aaie?. Aeina?ae ?iaioe noaio
iieacaa, ui cai?iiiiiaai? ?aaeeie iaoeniaiiy ? i?io?ethaaiiy aaee?a
caaacia/othoue io?eiaiiy iaeeaiaii? aea?no? 0,15 890 ii c aeanoeainoyie
? oi/i?noth ii OO 14-1-4243-87, a oaeiae aenieo noaa?euei?noue i?ioeano,
oi?ioo aueaoeo, a?aeiinii iecueea ? i?eaeecii iaeiaeiaa caaaioaaeaiiy
ee?oae ii nee?.

Ii??aiyeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?aeoaa?aeeee, ui aea?noue iiaea?eiiai
iethuaiiy oiaueiith 0,15 ii ae?iaieoeoaa Ea?IE, I?ia//eie ? Aaeuea??
aieiae?? i?aeoe/ii iaeiaeiaeie aeanoeainoyie ? oi/i?noth.

?aaeeie iaoeniaiiy ? yia?aineeia? ia?aiao?e i?e iethuaii? oiiei?
aea?no? ia i?ieaoii-ae?ane?iai/iiio noai? 1400 Ea?IE

(R1 = 210 ii; R2 = 300 ii [noaeue 08ei; o = 330 + 40 ( 100 )0,55 ]

N

ee?o?ho , iiqo , I/ii2q1 , I/ii21 ,

i/nt0i ,

Ct1i ,

Con?, I/ii2f?n?.n. ,

I/ii2?n ,

IIIaea , eIiNaea , eAo1234567891011121314 Iethuaiiy
aea?no? 0,15 890 ii c i?aeeaoa 0,22 890 ii1

20,220

0,1830,170

0,200130

220220

8011,9

14,940

5057

64639

6880,066

0,031861

8824,16

5,818,8

24,9460

1150 Iethuaiiy aea?no? 0,12 890 ii c i?aeeaoa 0,18
890 ii1

20,180

0,1480,175

0,190130

230230

8020,2

24,940

5561

69647

6910,065

0,030955

9254,68

6,029,3

22,7820

1750 Iethuaiiy aea?no? 0,10 890 ii c i?aeeaoa 0,15
890 ii1

20,150

0,1220,190

0,175130

230230

8020,6

24,940

5563

66653

6940,066

0,0301134

10306,04

7,0312,0

22,51080

1740 Iethuaiiy aea?no? 0,08 890 ii c i?aeeaoa 0,12
890 ii1

20,120

0,0940,215

0,160130

230230

8021,7

24,940

5765

63661

7020,068

0,0301572

128110,22

10,4320,4

27,71870

2170

AENIIAEE

1. Aeaiee aiae?c noaio ae?iaieoeoaa aea?no? a na?o?. Aeyaeaia iino?eia
oaiaeaioe?y aei cieaeaiiy oiaueie aea?no?. Iieacaii, ui iaeiei c
iaea?eueo aoaeoeaieo oeyo?a cieaeaiiy oiaueie aea?no? ? a?eueo oe?iea
canoinoaaiiy oaoiieia?? iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy aeey ?? ae?iaieoeoaa.
Noai?aiiy ? ?aae?caoe?y a eieeoiueiio ?aaeyinueeiio Nithc? oaoiieia??
ae?iaieoeoai oiiei? aea?no? iaoiaeii iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy ii iaoa??aeao
ca?oa?aeieo ioae?eaoe?e aeyaeeiny iaiiaeeeaei /a?ac iaaeinoaoi?noue ?
noia?a/i?noue a?aeiiinoae, ui i?noyoueny a ieo, ui ? aecia/eei
aeooaeuei?noue aeeiiaiiy oe?? ?iaioe.

2. Io?eiai? aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeai? i?i iaoai?/i? aeanoeaino?
oieiaeiieaoaiiai i?aeeaoa c? noae? 08ei ae?iaieoeoaa Ea?IE, aeiaeaiiai a
eieiaeiauo ia/ao ? a AAA ? iaeeaiaiiie aea?no? a?ae noia?iiai
a?aeiiniiai iaoeniaiiy i?e iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii?. Anoaiiaeaii,
ui aeey ae?iaieoeoaa oiiei? aea?no? iaoiaeii iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy
aeioe?eueii aeei?enoiaoaaoe i?aeeao, aeiaeaiee a AAA, a?aei?iiee
a?eueoith noaa?euei?noth iaoai?/ieo aeanoeainoae ? e?auith
ooaiio?i?noth. Aeoiaey/e c iaiao?aeiiai eiiieaeno aeanoeainoae
iaeeaiaii? aea?no? oiaueiith 0,15 ii (76-82 HR30O; JE 2,5 ii; =
110-133) aecia/eee cia/aiiy noia?iiai a?aeiiniiai iaoeniaiiy i?e
iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii? ? oiaueie oieiaeiieaoaiiai i?aeeaoa, ye?
neeaee a?aeiia?aeii 0,29 – 0,35 ii (i?eeiyoi 0,32 ii) ? 0,21 – 0,23 ii
(i?eeiyoi 0,22 ii). Cai?iiiiiaaia ??aiyiiy ?aa?an?? aeey aecia/aiiy
oiaueie oieiaeiieaoaiiai aeiaeaiiai i?aeeaoa a caeaaeiino? a?ae iaae?
oaeo/ino? inoaiiueiai, oiaueie ? i?oaeieo aeanoeainoae iaeeaiaiii?
aea?no?.

3. Aeine?aeaeaiee aieea aei?ae?enoae?caoe?eiuo oaiia?aoo? ia iaaeo
oaeo/ino? o aeiaeaii? ? iaeeaiaii? noae? 08ei. ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea c
aeiiiiiaith yei? oia?oa io?eiai? aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeai? i?i aieea
iaoeniaiiy ? oaiia?aoo?ii-oaeaee?nieo oiia aeaoi?iaoe?? ia na?aaeith
aaee/eio iii?o aeaoi?iaoe?? on? i?e oieiaeiiio iethuaii?. Ia iniia?
io?eiaieo aeaieo ?ic?iaeai? iaoaiaoe/i? iiaeae? o ? on? iaoa??aeo
nioae i?e oieiaeiiio iethuaii?. Aeey ?aae?caoe?? iiaeaeae o ? on?
cai?iiiiiaaiee a?aeiia?aeiee aeai?eoi, ui ? neeaaeiaith /anoeiith
aeai?eoio ?ic?aooieo ?aaeei?a iaoeniaiue ia aacia?a?aieo
aea?noai?ieaoiuo noaiao.

4. Aeeiiaia ii??aithaaeueia aeine?aeaeaiiy eiao?oe??ioa iai?oaeaiiai
noaio n ? a?aeiinii? iiaiiii? neee iethuaiiy ?iia / on? (aea –
eiao?oe??io Eiaea) ii iiaeaeyo A.?.Oeae?eiaa ? A.I.Eoaianueeiai.
Anoaiiaeaii, ui iiaeaeue A.?.Oeae?eiaa caaacia/o? io?eiaiiy iaae?eii?
?ioi?iaoe?? i?i n e ?iia / on? o?eueee i?e iethuaii? a?aeiinii oianoeo
nioa (R/h0 500-600, aea R – ?aae?on ?iai/iai aaeea) c iaeeie
eiao?oe??ioaie oa?oy (f 0,05-0,06) ? iaaaeeeeie a?aeiinieie iaoeniaiiyie
( 0,10-0,25). Iiaeaeue A.I.Eoaianueeiai i?aoeacaeaoia i?aeoe/ii o
anueiio ae?aiacii? oiia ?aae?caoe?? i?ioeano oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy ?
a?ae??ciy?oueny caaeia?eueiith oi/i?noth, ui aeicaieeei i?eeiyoe ?? ca
iniiao iiaeae? aeey i?iaiicoaaiiey ii?iaeueieo eiioaeoieo iai?oaeeiue ?
neee iethuaiiy.

5. Oieiaeia iethuaiiy oiiei? ? iniaeeai oiiei? aea?no? cae?enith?oueny
i?e R/h0 750 – 2000 ? a?eueo, oiaoi a oiiaao, eiee ia??ai? c iaaeath
oaeo/ino? iaoa??aeo nioae, ae??oaeueiee aieea ia ia?aiao?e i?ioeano
iaaeathoue i?oaei? aeaoi?iaoe?? aaee?a ? nioae, iai?oaeaiiy oa?oy ?
oaiia?aoo?ii-oaeaee?ni? ?aaeeie aeaoi?iaoe??. Oiio aeey i?iaiicoaaiiy
yia?aineeiaeo, e?iaiaoe/ieo ? oaiia?aoo?ieo ia?aiao??a i?e oieiaeiiio
iethuaii? oiiei? aea?no? aoee aeei?enoai? iiaeae?, noai?ai? ia eaoaae??
ia?iaee iaoae?a oeneii Aea?aeaaii? iaoaeo?a?eii? aeaaeai?? Oe?a?ie, a
oaeiae ooi/iai? aaoi?ii, iiaeae? iaae? oaeo/ino?, iii?o aeaoi?iaoe??,
ii?iaeueieo eiioaeoieo iai?oaeaiue, neee ? iiiaioo iethuaiiy, ui
a?aoiaothoue aieea ia?a?aoiaaieo oaeoi??a. Ia aac? oeeo iiaeaeae
?ic?iaeaiee aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo ?aaeei?a iaoeniaiiy ia aacia?a?aieo
aeanoai?ieaoiuo noaiao ? i?ia?aia aeey eiai ?aae?caoe??.

6. Iaoiaeii iaoaiaoe/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy aeine?aeaeai? caeiiii??iino?
ci?ie neee iethuaiiy ?n a?ae oiaueie nioae h0 i?e iethuaii? oiiei?
aea?no? ia aeaooee?oaaiio noai? 1400 Ea?IE. I?aeoaa?aeaeaii, ui
caeaaei?noue ?n = ( h0 ) iathoue yne?aai ae?aaeaiee i?i?ioi, ui
na?ae/eoue i?i cieaeaiiy aia?aaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? i?ioeano oieiaeiiai
iethuaiiy ?c ciaioaiiyi oiaueie nioae. C aeei?enoaiiyi ?acoeueoao?a
aeeiiaiiai iiaeaethaaiiy aecia/ai? iioeiaeuei? ae?aiaciie ci?ie ie?aieo
a?aeiinieo iaoeniaiue o ee?oyo noaio (1 = 0,15 – 0,25; 2 = 0,10 – 0,20),
ui caaacia/o? aaaeaiiy i?ioeano i?e iiaeeeai a?eueo iecueeiio ??ai? neee
iethuaiiy a iaei?e (i??i?eoaoi?e) aai a iaio ee?oyo noaio, a oaeiae
aenieo aoaeoeai?noue ?iaioe NA?O ? I.

7. ?ic?iaeai?, aei?iaiaai? ? ai?iaaaeaeai? ?aaeeie iethuaiiy aea?no?
oiaueiith 0,15 ii ia aeaooee?oaaiio noai? 1400 Ea?IE, a oaeiae
a?aeiia?aei? i?io?e??iaee aaee?a aeey ?o ?aae?caoe??. Anoaiiaeaii, ui
cai?iiiiiaai? ?aaeeie aeaoi?iaoe?? ? i?io?e??iaee aaee?a noaio
caaacia/othoue io?eiaiiy iaeeaiaii? aea?no? oiaueiith 0,15 ii c
eiiieaenii aeanoeainoae ii OO 14-1-4243-87 ? iaieine?noi?noth aei 4,0
ii. ?ic?iaeai? ?aaeeie iethuaiiy aea?no? oiaueiith 0,12; 0,10 ? 0,08 ii,
ye? iiaeooue aooe inai?i? ia noai? 1400 Ea?IE a iaeaooiueiio.

8.?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe ai?iaaaeaeai? o ae?iaieoeoai oeaoo aea?no? Ea?IE.
Oea aeicaieeei a 1987 ?ioe?, oia?oa a eieeoiueiio ?aaeyinueeiio Nithc?,
aeionoeoe iaeeaiaio aea?noue oiaueiith 0,15 ii ? inai?oe ?? ianiaa
ae?iaieoeoai a iaeei?ioo? no?iee. I?aaenoaaieoeueea ia?o?y iaeeaiaii?
aea?no? oiaueiith 0,15 ii, ia’?iii a 2000 o i?ieoea i?iieneia?
aei?iaoaaiiy ia Acianueeiio eiia?iao? aeeoy/iai oa?/oaaiiy ? aoea
iiai?noth aoanoiaaia. Ia iniia? ?acoeueoao?a aei?iaoaaiue aoa c?iaeaiee
aeniiaie i?i aeioe?euei?noue ia?aoiaeo ia ia?a?iaeo a?o/eciyii? aea?no?
cai?noue ?iii?oii?. Iniiai? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ? oaoi?/i? ??oaiiy, o?, ui
i?noyoueny a aeena?oaoe??, aianai? a oaoiieia?/io ?ino?oeoe?th
OE-309-IAE-42-86 ii ae?iaieoeoao aea?no? iaoiaeii iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy.
Aeiiii?/iee aoaeo a?ae ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a ?iaioe noaiiaea 174,8
oen. e?a. (a oe?iao 1987 ?ieo).

INIIAIEE CI?NO AeENA?OAOe?? A?AeIA?AAEAIEE A IANOOIIEO IIOAE?EIAAIEO
IAOEIAEO O?OAeAO:

1. Aaneeueia ss.Ae., Aeaiaio??iei A.A., Ai?aoieia N.A. Ae?iaieoeoai
aea?no? iaoiaeii iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy. – I.: Iaoaeo?a?y, 1994. – 125 n.

2. Aaneeueia ss.Ae., Ooayeia A.A., Aeaiaio??iei A.A. Aieea
oaeaee?nieo oiia oieiaeii? aeaoi?iaoe?? ia iaaeo oaeo/ino?
iaeiaoaea?iaeenoi? noae?. ?ca. aoc?a. *i?ia iaoaeo?a?y. – 1987. – ?3. –
N. 15.

3. Aeine?aeaeaiiy iaae? oaeo/ino? noae? 08ei a ae?aiacii? oaiia?aoo? 20
– 600 N. ss.Ae. Aaneeueia, A.A. Aeaiaio??iei, N.?. Iioaiianueeee,
A.I. Nei?ioiaeia, I.I. *a?iia. ?ca. aoc?a. *i?ia iaoaeo?a?y. – 1988.
– ?3. – N. 59 – 62.

4. Aeine?aeaeaiiy eiao?oe??ioa oa?oy i?e iethuaii? iaeiaoaea?iaeenoi?
noae? aac canoinoaaiiy oaoiieia?/ii? ciacee. ss.Ae. Aaneeueia, N.?.
Iioaiianueeee, N.A. Necia, A.A. Aeaiaio??iei. Oa?oy ? ciin. – 1989.
– Oii 10. – ?4. – N. 624 – 631.

5. ?ic?iaea ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?aoe?iiaeueieo ?aaeei?a iethuaiiy
iaeoiie?oi? aea?no?. I.I. Nineiaaoeue, ss.Ae. Aaneeueia,
I.I. *a?iia, A.A. Aeaiaio??iei, A.I. Nei?ioiaeia, N.?
Iioaiianueeee. Noaeue. – 1989. – ?6. – N. 42 – 46.

6. ?ic?iaea ?aoe?iiaeueieo oaiia?aoo?ii-oaeaee?nieo ?aaeei?a iethuaiiy
oiiei? aea?no?. ss.Ae. Aaneeueia, A.?. sseoaianueeee, I.I. *a?iia,
I.A. ?aaioeia, A.A. Aeaiaio??iei, A.A. I?aeain. Noaeue. – 1990. – ?9.
– N. 79 – 82.

7. Aaneeueia ss.Ae., Aeaiaio??iei A.A. ?ic?iaea ? inai?iiy oaoiieia??
ae?iaieoeoaa oiiei? aea?no? iaoiaeii iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy. I?aoe?
Ae?oaiai eiia?ano i?ieao/ee?a (*a?aiiaaoeue, 27-30.10.1997?.). – I.: AO
“*a?iao?ioi?iaoe?y”. – 1998. – N. 195-201.

8. A.n. ?1268224 N?N?, IEE A 21 A 13/14. *ioe?ueioaaeeiaa nenoaia.
ss.Ae. Aaneeueia, A.A. Ooayeia, N.?. Iioaiianueeee, A.?. Aa?aiia,
O.A. Oae, I.I. *a?iia, A.A. Aaiaea?, A.?. A?iia?aaeia, A.A.
Aeaiaio??iei, I.ss. Oaeae?i (N?N?). – ?3840115/22-02; Cayaeaii
08.01.85, Iioae. 07.11.86. Athe. ? 41. – 5 n.

9. A.n. ?1355302 N?N?, IEE A 21 A 1/28. Niin?a oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy nioa
ia aeaooee?oaaiio noai?. ss.Ae. Aaneeueia, A.A. Aeaiaio??iei, A.A.
Ooayeia, N.?. Iioaiianueeee, A.A. Aaiaea?, A.I. Nei?ioiaeia, I.I.
*a?iia, N.A. Ai?aoieia (N?N?). – ?4122623/31-02; Cayaeaii 12.06.82,
Iioae. 30.11.87. Athe. ?44. – 3 n.

10. A.n. ?1546183 N?N?, IEE A 21 A 1/22. Niin?a oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy.
ss.Ae. Aaneeueia, N.?. Iioaiianueeee, A.E. Iaco?, A.A. Ooayeia,
A.A. Aeaiaio??iei, A.A. Caoa?iaa, A.A. Aaiaea?, I.I. *a?iia, N.A.
Ai?aoieia, O.A. Oae, A.TH. Aa?i?i (N?N?). – ?4337487/31-02; Cayaeaii
07.12.87, Iioae. 28.02.90. Athe. ?8. – 3 n.

11. A.n. ?1555377 N?N?, IEE C 21 Ae 8/02. Niin?a ae?iaieoeoaa oiieeo
nioa c iaeiaoaea?iaeenoi? noae?. ss.Ae. Aaneeueia, A.A. Aeaiaio??iei,
N.?. Iioaiianueeee, A.I. Nei?ioiaeia, A.TH. Aa?i?i, I.I. *a?iia,
A.A. Aaiaea?, I.A. ?aaioeia, N.A. Ai?aoieia, A.A. Aoa?i (N?N?). –
?4318619/31-02; Cayaeaii 19.10.87, Iioae. 07.04.90. Athe. ?13. – 4 n.

12. A.n. ?1685562 N?N?, IEE A 21 A 1/22. Niin?a oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy
oiieeo ? iaeoiioeo nioa. ss.Ae. Aaneeueia, N.A Necia, I.A. ?aaioeia,
A.A. Aeaiaio??iei, A.A. A?eueae?i (N?N?). – ?4721156/02; Cayaeaii
19.07.89, Iioae. 23.10.91. Athe. ?39. – 2 n.

AIIOAOe?ss

Aeaiaio??iei A.A. ?ic?iaea ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?aoe?iiaeueieo ?aaeei?a
aeaoi?iaoe?? i?e ae?iaieoeoa? oiiei? aea?no? iaoiaeii iiaea?eiiai
iethuaiiy. – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy a/aii? nooiai? eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe ii
niaoe?aeueiino? 05.03.05. – I?ioeane ? iaoeie ia?iaee oeneii. Aea?aeaaia
iaoaeo?a?eia aeaaeai?y Oe?a?ie, Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, 1998 ?.

Aeena?oaoe?y i?enay/aia aecia/aiith ia?aiao??a oaoiieia?? ? ?ic?iaoe?
?aoe?iiaeueieo ?aaeei?a aeaoi?iaoe?? i?e ae?iaieoeoa? oiiei? aea?no?
iaoiaeii iiaea?eiiai iethuaiiy. Aecia/ai? cia/aiiy oiaueie
oieiaeiieaoaiiai aeiaeaiiai i?aeeaoa ? noia?iiai a?aeiiniiai iaoeniaiiy
i?e iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii?, ui caaacia/othoue io?eiaiiy
iaeeaiaiiie aea?no? c iaiao?aeiei eiiieaenii aeanoeainoae. Aeine?aeaeai?
iniaeeaino? oieiaeiiai iethuaiiy oiieeo ? iniaeeai oiieeo nioa o aaeeao
aaeeeiai ae?aiao?a. Cai?iiiiiaai? ? ooi/iai? iaoaiaoe/i? iiaeae?
ia?aiao??a oaeiai i?ioeano, ia aac? yeeo ?ic?iaeaiee aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo
?aaeei?a aeaoi?iaoe?? ia aacia?a?aieo aea?noai?ieaoieo noaiao. Aecia/ai?
iioeiaeuei? cia/aiiy ie?aieo a?aeiinieo iaoeniaiue ? a?aeiinieo ieoiieo
iaoyaiaiue i?e iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii? oiiei? aea?no?.
?ic?iaeai? ? ai?iaaaeaeai? ?aoe?iiaeuei? ?aaeeie aeaoi?iaoe?? i?e
iiaoi?iiio oieiaeiiio iethuaii? aea?no? oiaueiith 0,15 ii ia
aeaooee?oaaiio noai? 1400 Ea?IE. Cai?iiiiiaai? ?aaeeie iethuaiiy aea?no?
oiaueiith 0,12; 0,10 ? 0,08 ii, ye? iiaeooue aooe inai?i? ia oeueiio
noai? a iaeaooiueiio.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: oiiea aea?noue, iiaea?eia iethuaiiy, oaoiieia?y,
i?aeeao, ?aaeei aeaoi?iaoe??, iiaeaeue.

AIIIOAOeEss

Aeaiaioeaiei A.A. ?ac?aaioea e aiaae?aiea ?aoeeiiaeueiuo ?aaeeiia
aeaoi?iaoeee i?e i?iecaiaenoaa oiieie aeanoe iaoiaeii aeaieiie i?ieaoee.
– ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/?iie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa oaoie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 05.03.05. – I?ioeannu e iaoeiu ia?aaioee aeaaeaieai.
Ainoaea?noaaiiay iaoaeeo?ae/aneay aeaaeaiey Oe?aeiu, Aeiai?iiao?iane,
1999a.

Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia ii?aaeaeaieth ia?aiao?ia oaoiieiaee, ?ac?aaioea
e aiaae?aieth ?aoeeiiaeueiuo ?aaeeiia aeaoi?iaoeee i?e i?iecaiaenoaa
oiieie aeanoe iaoiaeii aeaieiie i?ieaoee. Noaoenoe/aneeie iaoiaeaie
enneaaeiaaiu caeiiiia?iinoe eciaiaiey iaoaie/aneeo, oi?oaeo e
oaoiieiae/aneeo naienoa oieiaeiieaoaiiai ioiaeae?iiiai iiaeeaoa ec noaee
08ei i?iecaiaenoaa Ea?aaaiaeeineiai iaoaeeo?ae/aneiai eiiaeiaoa (Ea?IE)
e iaee?iaiiie aeanoe a caaeneiinoe io niiniaa ioaeeaa (a eieiaeiauo
ia/ao e aa?aaaoa iai?a?uaiiai aeaenoaey) e noiia?iiai ioiineoaeueiiai
iaaeaoey i?e iiaoi?iie oieiaeiie i?ieaoea. Onoaiiaeaii, /oi iiaeeao,
ioiaeae?iiue a eieiaeiauo ia/ao oa?aeoa?ecoaony aieueoei ?aca?inii
cia/aiee i?aaeaea oaeo/anoe e ooaiioaiinoe e ia iaania/eaaao iieo/aiey
iaee?iaiiie aeanoe n caaeaiiui o?iaiai naienoa. Iiaeeao, ioiaeae?iiue a
aa?aaaoa iai?a?uaiiai ioaeeaa (AII) ioee/aaony aieaa aunieei o?iaiai e
oi?ioae noaaeeueiinoueth iaoaie/aneeo e oaoiieiae/aneeo naienoa. Ia
iniiaaiee yoeo aeaiiuo, aeey i?iecaiaenoaa iaee?iaiiie aeanoe a oneiaeyo
Ea?IE, aue ?aeiiaiaeiaai e a aeaeueiaeoai eniieueciaai oieueei iiaeeao,
ioiaeae?iiue a AII. Ii?aaeaeaiu cia/aiey oieueiu oieiaeiieaoaiiai
ioiaeae?iiiai iiaeeaoa e noiia?iiai ioiineoaeueiiai iaaeaoey i?e
iiaoi?iie oieiaeiie i?ieaoea, iaania/eaathuea iieo/aiey iaee?iaiiie
aeanoe n o?aaoaiui eiiieaenii iaoaie/aneeo, oaoiieiae/aneeo e oi?oaeo
naienoa.

Enneaaeiaaii niaianoiia aeeyiea oaiia?aoo?u (a aeeaiaciia 20 – 600 N) e
noaiaie aeaoi?iaoeee (a aeeaiaciia 0 – 0,6) ia i?aaeae oaeo/anoe noaee
08ei. I?aaeeiaeaia iiaay iiaeaeue n?aaeiaai i?aaeaea oaeo/anoe iaoa?eaea
iieinu a i/aaa aeaoi?iaoeee i?e oieiaeiie i?ieaoea. Iieo/aiu
yenia?eiaioaeueiua aeaiiua i aeeyiee noaiaie, oaiia?aoo?u e nei?inoe
aeaoi?iaoeee ia nii?ioeaeaiea aeaoi?iaoeee noaee 08ei i?e oieiaeiie
i?ieaoea.

?ac?aaioaiu aieaa oi/iua iiaeaee i?aaeaea oaeo/anoe e nii?ioeaeaiey
aeaoi?iaoeee i?e oieiaeiie i?ieaoea noaee 08ei, o/eouaathuea aeeyiea
noaiaie, oaiia?aoo?u e nei?inoe aeaoi?iaoeee e nicaeai aeai?eoi aeey eo
?aaeecaoeee. Enneaaeiaaiu caeiiiia?iinoe e iniaaiiinoe eciaiaiey
yia?aineeiauo ia?aiao?ia i?e oieiaeiie i?ieaoea oiieeo e iniai oiieeo
iiein a aaeeao aieueoiai aeeaiao?a. Iiaeoaa?aeaeaii, /oi caaeneiinoe
neeu i?ieaoee io enoiaeiie oieueiu, i?e i?i/eo ?aaiuo oneiaeyo, eiatho
y?ei au?aaeaiiue ieieioi, naeaeaoaeuenoaothuee i nieaeaiee iaaeeiathuae
niiniaiinoe ?aai/ae eeaoe e yia?aaoe/aneie yooaeoeaiinoe i?ioeanna
oieiaeiie i?ieaoee oiieeo e iniai oiieeo iiein a aaeeao aieueoiai
aeeaiao?a. ?ane?uo iaoaieci yoiai yaeaiey. Iieacaii, /oi i?e oieiaeiie
i?ieaoea oiieeo e iniai oiieeo iiein a aaeeao aieueoiai aeeaiao?a,
?aoathuaa aeeyiea ia aeeeio i/aaa aeaoi?iaoeee, n?aaeiaa eiioaeoiia
ii?iaeueiia iai?yaeaiea e neeo i?ieaoee ieacuaatho oi?oaea aeaoi?iaoeee
naeaoey aaeeia e iieinu, yaeythueany iniiaiie i?e/eiie nieaeaiey
yooaeoeaiinoe i?ioeanna. Ii?aaeae?i aeeaiacii ?aaioiniiniaiinoe iiaeaeae
n?aaeiaai eiioaeoiiai ii?iaeueiiai iai?yaeaiey i?e oieiaeiie i?ieaoea
A.E.Oeaeeeiaa e A.I.Eoaianeiai. Iainiiaaiu eee ooi/iaiu iaoaiaoe/aneea
iiaeaee ia?aiao?ia i?ioeanna oieiaeiie i?ieaoee oiieeo e iniai oiieeo
iiein a aaeeao aieueoiai aeeaiao?a, ia aaca eioi?uo ?ac?aaioai aeai?eoi
?an/?oa ?aaeeiia iaaeaoee ia iai?a?uaiuo aeanoai?ieaoiuo noaiao. N
eniieueciaaieai nicaeaiiiai aeai?eoia auiieiaiu ?an/?ou ?aaeeiia
iaaeaoee i?e i?ieaoea aeanoe 0,08890ii, 0,10 890ii, 0,12890ii e
0,15890ii ia iai?a?uaiii aeaooeeaoaaii i?ieaoii-ae?anne?iai/iii noaia
1400 Ea?IE e enneaaeiaaia eo yooaeoeaiinoue. Onoaiiaeaii, /oi i?ieaoea
aeanoe oeacaiiuo ?acia?ia ia yoii noaia i?e ethaii ?ani?aaeaeaiee
/anoiuo ioiineoaeueiuo iaaeaoee ii eeaoyi yaeyaony yia?aaoe/anee
iaauaiaeiie. Ii?aaeaeaiu iioeiaeueiua cia/aiey /anoiuo ioiineoaeueiuo
iaaeaoee, enoiaeiie oa?ioiaaoinoe ai/ae ?aai/eo aaeeia e oaeaeueiuo
iaoyaeaiee, iaania/eaathuea iieo/aiey iaee?iaiiie aeanoe n o?aaoaiie
oi/iinoueth e ea/anoaii iiaa?oiinoe. Iioeiaeueiua cia/aiey /anoiuo
ioiineoaeueiuo iaaeaoee iaoiaeeee ec oneiaee aaaeaiey i?ioeanna i?ieaoee
a iaaeo eeaoyo i?e aiciiaeii aieaa ieceii o?iaia neeu i?ieaoee e
iaania/aiey yooaeoeaiie ?aaiou nenoai aaoiiaoe/aneiai ?aaoee?iaaiey
oieueiu e iaoyaeaiey iieinu. ?ac?aaioaiu e aiaae?aiu ?aoeeiiaeueiua
?aaeeiu iaaeaoee i?e i?ieaoea aeanoe 0,15890ii ec iiaeeaoa 0,22890ii ia
aeaooeeaoaaii i?ieaoii-ae?anne?iai/iii noaia 1400 Ea?IE. Aiaae?aiu iiaua
i?ioeee?iaee ?aai/eo e iii?iuo aaeeia, i?eiaiaiea eioi?uo iicaieeei
iiauneoue iaaeeiathuoth niiniaiinoue ?aai/eo eeaoae noaia e iieo/eoue
iaee?iaiioth aeanoue 0,15890ii n iaieineinoiinoueth aei 4,0 ii. Iiuo
?aaiou i?ieaoii-ae?anne?iai/iiai noaia 1400 Ea?IE iieacae, /oi
i?aaeeiaeaiiua ia?aiao?u oaoiieiaee, ?aaeeiu iaaeaoee e i?ioeee?iaee
aaeeia iaania/eaatho iieo/aiea iaee?iaiiie aeanoe 0,15890ii ni
naienoaaie e oi/iinoueth ii OO 14-1-4243-87, a oaeaea aunieoth
noaaeeueiinoue i?ioeanna, ioiineoaeueii ieceoth e i?eia?ii iaeeiaeiaoth
caa?oceo eeaoae ii neea. N?aaieoaeueiua enneaaeiaaiey iiaeoaa?aeeee, /oi
aeanoue aeaieiie i?ieaoee 0,15890ii i?iecaiaenoaa Ea?IE, Aa?iaiee e
Aaeueaee iaeaaeaao i?aeoe/anee iaeeiaeiauie naienoaaie e oi/iinoueth.
?ac?aaioaiu ?aaeeiu aeaoi?iaoeee aeanoe aeaieiie i?ieaoee 0,08890ii,
0,10890ii e 0,12890ii, eioi?ua iiaoo auoue inaiaiu ia
i?ieaoii-ae?anne?iai/iii noaia 1400 Ea?IE a aoaeouai.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: oiieay aeanoue, aeaieiay i?ieaoea, oaoiieiaey, iiaeeao,
?aaeei aeaoi?iaoeee, iiaeaeue.

ABSTRACT

Dementiyenko A.V. Elaboration and Introduction of Rational Working
Regimes in the Manufacture of Thin Sheets by the Method of Double
Rolling. – Manuscript.

Dissertation for a candidate’s degree by speciality 05.03.05. – Plastic
Working Processes and Machines. State Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine,
Dniepropetrovsk, 1998.

The dissertation is dedicated to the determination of the process
parameters and elaboration of rational working regimes in the
manufacture of thin sheets by the method of double rolling. Thickness
values for the annealed cold-rolled semi-finished rolled stock and
overall percentage cold rerolling reduction whish ensure obtaining of
work-hardened sheet products of specified properties have been
determined. Features of thin and extremely thin sheet cold rolling in
large diameter rolls have been investigated. Mathematical models of the
process parameters have been proposed and corrected. An algorithm for
calculation of working regimes for the continuous sheet rolling mills
has been developed on the basis of these models. Optimum partial
percentage reductions and relative tensions per unit area in cold
rerolling of thin sheets have been established. Rational working regimes
in cold rerolling 0,15 mm sheets in 1400 KarMK two-stand mill have been
elaborated and introduced into practice. 0,12 , 0,10 and 0,08 mm sheet
rolling regimes which can be introduced at this mill in the future have
been proposed.

Key words: thin sheet, double rolling, process, semi-finished rolled
stock, working regime, model.

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