.

Розробка мобільної установки вуглекислотного пожежогасіння: Автореф. дис… канд. техн. наук / В.В. Єлізаров, Харк. ін-т пожеж. безпеки. — Х., 1999. —

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I?i?noa?noai aioo??oi?o ni?aa oe?a?ie

Oa?e?anueeee ?inoeooo iiaeaaeii? aaciaee

?E?CA?IA AAEA??E A?EOI?IAE*

OAeE 614.842

?ic?iaea IIA?EUeII? ONOAIIAEE AOAEAEENEIOIIAI IIAEAAEIAAN?IIss

05.26.03 – Iiaeaaeia aaciaea

AAOI?AOA?AO

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe

Oa?e?a – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ( ?oeiien

?iaioa aeeiiaia a Oa?e?anueeiio ?inoeooo? iiaeaaeii? aaciaee IAN
Oe?a?ie

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee:

Caneoaeaiee aeiao?aeiee Oe?a?ie,

aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?

Aa?aiia TH??e Ieaen?eiae/,

Oa?e?anueeee ?inoeooo iiaeaaeii? aaciaee,

i?i?aeoi? c iaoeiai? ?iaioe

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:

aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? AEa?oianueeee Aieiaeeie? Ieoaeeiae/,
i?ioani? eaoaae?e iiaeaaeii? i?io?eaeoeee, *a?eanueeee ?inoeooo
iiaeaaeii? aaciaee IAN Oe?a?ie ?i. Aa?i?a *i?iiaeey

eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe Neceeia Ieaenaiae? Ieaenaiae?iae/,

ia/aeueiee naeoi?o Oe?a?inueeiai iaoeiai-aeine?aeiiai ?inoeoooo
iiaeaaeii? aaciaee IAN Oe?a?ie (i. Ee?a)

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa:

Oa?e?anueeee aea?aeaaiee aaoiiia?eueii-aei?iaei?e oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao,
eaoaae?a.

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “25” aa?aciy 1999 ?ieo a 14.00 aiaeei ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E 64.707.01 i?e Oa?e?anueeiio
?inoeooo? iiaeaaeii? aaciaee IAN Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 310002, i.
Oa?e?a, aoe. *a?ieoaanueeiai, 94

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny a a?ae?ioaoe? Oa?e?anueeiai
?inoeoooo iiaeaaeii? aaciaee IAN Oe?a?ie

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “22“ ethoiai 1999 ?ieo.

O/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E?eaoeiaa A. ?.

Caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. ?ioaineo?eaoe?y oaoiieia?/ieo i?ioean?a, ?icoe?aiiy
noa?e canoinoaaiiy iiaeaaeiiaaacia/ieo iaoa??ae?a, ca?eueoaiiy
eiioeaio?aoe?? iaoa??aeueieo oe?iiinoae ia iaeeieoeth ieiu?, c?inoaiiy
aonoioe ianaeaiiy – ona oea aaaea aei ca?eueoaiiy eiia??iino? aeieeiaiiy
iiaeaae, c?inoaiith caeoeo a?ae ieo, c?inoo e?eueeino? aea?oa a?ae
iiaeaae? ? oeiaee, iaianaiiai caei?ia’th ethaeae.

A?aeiia?aeii aei /eiiei a Oe?a?i? ii?iai, oe?eee ?yae ia’?eo?a i?aeeyaa?
onoaoeoaaiith aaoiiaoe/ieie onoaiiaeaie iiaeaaeiaan?iiy. I?ioa a ?yae?
aeiaaee?a, /a?ac iecueeo aoaeoeai?noue oaeeo nenoai, aiie ia aeeiiothoue
nai? ooieoe??. O ca’yceo c oeei, ??oaiiy caaea/? oaeaeei? e?ea?aeaoe??
aeieeeiai caai?yiiy, ia?aeeaaea?oueny ia iia?aoeai? i?ae?icae?ee
iiaeaaeii? ioi?iie.

C a?aeiieo cania?a i?ioeiiaeaaeiiai caoenoo a ei?ioeee i?ii?aeie /ano
aeinoaaeoe aiaiaaani? ?a/iaeie aei i?noey aeieeiaiiy iiaeaae? ni?iiiaei?
iia?euei? onoaiiaee iiaeaaeiaan?iiy. Iaea?eueoa aoaeoeaieie ii oe?eiio
?yae? iieaciee?a, cie?aia, /ano noai?aiiy aiaiaaanii? eiioeaio?aoe??,
i?inoio? o?ainii?ooaaiiy ? caa?aaeaiiy, ii ?ici??ao iai?yiiai caeoeo
a?ae canoiniaoaaii? aiaiaaanii? ?a/iaeie ? ?yaeo ?ioeo, ? onoaiiaee
iiaeaaeiaan?iiy, ui aeei?enoiaothoue o yeino? aiaiaaanieo ?a/iaei –
aace. I?ioa nueiaiaei? a Oe?a?i? ? ca ?oaaaeai ia ?nio? iia?eueieo
nenoai iiaeaaeiaan?iiy, ni?iiiaeieo aeinoaaeyoe aaeee? e?eueeino?
(iiiaae 1 o) aaciaeo aiaiaaanieo ?a/iaei aei i?noey iiaeaae?. Oaeei
/eiii, ??oaiiy caaea/? ?ic?iaee iia?eueii? onoaiiaee aaciaiai aan?iiy ?
aeooaeueiith.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeena?oaoe?ei?
aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeeny a ?aieao aea?aeaaii? i?ia?aie caaacia/aiiy
iiaeaaeii? aaciaee, o ?aieao iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o “Aeine?aeaeaiiy ?
aecia/aiiy aeioe?eueiino? canoinoaaiiy o?ainii?oii? oeenoa?ie c
aeaiieenii aoaeaoeth OeOO-4,5/2,4 aeey iiaeaaeiaan?iiy” (?
aea?ae?a?no?aoe?? 0196U009042) ? “?ic?iaeoe oaoi?/ia caaaeaiiy ia
noai?aiiy ia aac? oeenoa?ie NI2 ia oan? EaiAC iiaeaaeiiai aaoiiia?ey
NI2-aan?iiy” (? aea?ae?a?no?aoe?? 0196U005010).

Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy.

Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy – iaa?oiooaaiiy iiaeeeaino? iiaoaeiae onoaiiaee
aoaeaeeneioiiai iiaeaaeiaan?iiy, ui iaeaaeeoue aei eeano iia?eueieo
onoaiiaie ? i?ecia/aii? aeey aan?iiy iiaeaae a ia’?eoao aaeeeeo ianya?a.

Aeey aeinyaiaiiy iinoaaeaii? iaoe iaiao?aeii ae??oeoe oae? caaea/?:

c?iaeoe aea?? no?oeoo?ii? noaie iiaoaeiae iia?eueii? onoaiiaee
aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy;

?ic?iaeoe iaoaiaoe/i? iiaeae? i?ioean?a, ui i?io?eathoue i?e aeo?eaii?
aoaeaeeneioe c ?cioa?i?/ieo oeenoa?i ? i?iaanoe ?oith aenia?eiaioaeueio
ia?aa??eo;

noi?ioethaaoe aeiiae aei iia?eueii? onoaiiaee aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy;

?ic?iaeoe iaoiaeeeo ? i?ia?aio ?nieo?a iia?eueii? onoaiiaee
aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy;

i?iaanoe aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy iia?eueii? onoaiiaee
aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy;

?ic?iaeoe ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii canoinoaaiith iia?eueii? onoaiiaee
aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa? a oiio, ui aaoi?ii:

– cae?eniaiee aea?? no?oeoo?ii? noaie iaeiiai c iniiaieo aeaiaio?a
iia?eueii? onoaiiaee aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy – ?cioa?i?/ii? oeenoa?ie;

– io?eiaiee iaoaiaoe/iee iien i?ioeano nii?iaeiaiiy ?cioa?i?/ii?
oeenoa?ie o aeaeyae? caeiiii??iinoae ci?ie oeneo, iniaeea?noth yeiai ?
oa, ui a?aoiaaii aieea iane “aeoeaiiai iaoaeo”;

– iieacaii, ui oaiei?ii?noue oeenoa?ie aeyaey?oueny ia ?acoeueoaoao
?ic?aooieo iii?oiei ia?acii o?eueee i?e i?aeaeuaiiio ii/aoeiaiio oeneo.
I?e a?eueo iecueeeo oeneao oeei aieeaii iiaeia ciaaaaeeoe, i?eeiath/e
iano “aeoeaiiai iaoaeo” ??aii? ioeth;

– ia iniia? ocaaaeueiaiiy oai?aoe/ieo aeaieo cai?iiiiiaai? aiae?oe/i?
caeaaeiino?, ui aeicaieythoue aecia/eoe iniiai? ia?aiao?e onoaiiaee
aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy: u?euei?noue aeaiooaciiai aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth;
oene a ?cioa?i?/i?e oeenoa?i? i?e aeioneo ??aeei? /anoeie aeaiieeno
aoaeaoeth; oo?aoe oeneo a o?oaii?iaiae?; i?iioneio ni?iiiaei?noue
o?oaii?iaiae?a; e?eoe/io ianiao aeo?aoo;

– iieacaii, ui ianiaa aeo?aoa aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth c ?cioa?i?/ii?
oeenoa?ie a iniiaiiio aecia/a?oueny oeneii o oeenoa?i? ? i?aeoe/ii ia
caeaaeeoue a?ae ?aieia?/ieo ? aaiiao?e/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee o?oaii?iaiaeo
(oi?noeino? ? /enea ?aeiieueaena);

– ?ic?iaeai? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii canoinoaaiith aaoiiia?ey aaciaiai
aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Io?eiai? ?acoeueoaoe ?
iniiaith aeey noai?aiiy ?iaeaia?ieo iaoiaeee ii ?ic?iaoe? ?
i?iaeooaaiith iia?eueieo onoaiiaie aaciaiai aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy.

Io?eiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeei?enoiaoaaeeny i?e noai?aii? aaoiiia?ey aaciaiai
aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy a Oa?e?anueeiio aa?i?cii? iiaeaaeii? ioi?iie
(oaoi?/ia caaaeaiiy, caoaa?aeaeaia canooiieeii ia/aeueieea AOAeII IAN
Oe?a?ie 24.06.97 ?.), i?e oii?yaeeoaaii? oei/aniaiai iin?aieea c
aenieoaoaoe?? aaoiiia?ey aaciaiai aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy (caoaa?aeaeaii
ia/aeueieeii OAeII OIAN Oe?a?ie a Oa?e?anuee?e iaeano? 23.10.98 ?.).
Noai?aiee aaoiiia?eue aaciaiai aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy aeei?enoiaoaaany
aeey e?ea?aeaoe?? iiaeaae? ia eiia?ei?iiaiio caaiae? i. E?aniia?aaea
Oa?e?anueei? iaeano? (aeo canoinoaaiiy a?ae 11.11.98 ?.).

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Eiie?aoia iniaenoa o/anoue caeiaoaa/a a
iaea?aeaii? iaoeiaeo ?acoeueoao?a, aeeeaaeaieo o aeena?oaoe?? ?
a?aeaeoeo o i?aoeyo, neeaaea?oueny a iaa?oiooaaii? canoinoaaiiy ?ia?oieo
aac?a aeey aan?iiy iiaeaae ia ia’?eoao, aea ?io? aiaiaaani? ?a/iaeie ia
aoaeoeai? [1, 6, 8], a ocaaaeueiaii? no?oeoo?ii? noaie iiaoaeiae
iia?eueii? onoaiiaee aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy ia aac? OeOO-4,5/2,4 [1, 3,
7], a ocaaaeueiaii? oai?aoe/ieo aeaieo ? iaea?aeaii? aiae?oe/ieo
caeaaeiinoae uiaei aecia/aiiy iniiaieo ia?aiao??a aeo?eaiiy aeaiieeno
aoaeaoeth c ?cioa?i?/ii? ?ieino? [1, 2, 5], a oaeiae o ?ic?iaoe?
iaoiaeeee ? i?iaaaeaii? aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue [1, 4].

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?eieo
aeine?aeaeaiue aeieeaaeai? e iaaiai?ai? ia can?aeaiiyo eaoaae?e
iiaeaaeii? oaoi?ee O?IA IAN Oe?a?ie (1996 ?., 1997 ?., 1998 ?.), ia II
Anaoe?a?inuee?e IIE “Iiaeaaeia aaciaea – 95” (Oe?IAe?IA IAN Oe?a?ie, i.
Ee?a, 1996 ?.), ia III Anaoe?a?inueei? iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ii? eiioa?aioe??
“Iiaeaaeia aaciaea-97” (Oe?IAe?IA IAN Oe?a?ie, i. Ee?a, 1997 ?.), ia
51-e IOE “No?ieoue – cia/eo aeoiaoue i aoaeouai” (OAeOOAA, i. Oa?e?a,
1996 ?.).

Ioae?eaoe??. Iniiaiee ci?no ?iaioe iioae?eiaaii a 1 iiiia?ao??, 5
noaooyo o ca??ieeao iaoeiaeo i?aoeue, 2 oacao aeiiia?aeae
iaoeiai-oaoi?/ieo eiioa?aioe?e.

Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c anooio, o?ueio aeaa, aeniiae?a, ia?ae?eo
iineeaiue ? 10 aeiaeaoe?a. I?noeoue 228 noi??iie, o oiio /ene? 133
noi??iee iniiaiiai oaenoo ? 78 noi??iie aeiaeaoe?a, 31 oaaeeoeth, 35
?enoie?a, 162 iaeiaioaaiiy ia?ae?eo iineeaiue.

INIIAIEE Ci?no ?iaioe

O anooi? iaa?oioiao?oueny aea?? ? aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeine?aeaeaiiy,
aecia/athoueny iaoa aeine?aeaeaiue, iaoiaeeea aeine?aeaeaiue, iaoeiaa
iiaecia, i?aeoe/ia cia/ei?noue ?iaioe.

A ia?oiio ?icae?e? ?icaeyaeathoueny iniaeeaino? i?ioeiiaeaaeiiai caoenoo
ia’?eo?a, iaaiaeeoueny aiae?c aaciaeo noi?oae, ui canoiniaothoueny aeey
aan?iiy iiaeaae, ?icaeyaeathoueny ?nioth/? caniae iiaeaaeiaan?iiy, o
yeeo aeei?enoiao?oueny aeaiieen aoaeaoeth, cae?enith?oueny aea??
iai?yie?a ?icaeoeo onoaiiaie aoaeaeeneioiiai iiaeaaeiaan?iiy oa
iinoaiiaea caaea/ aeine?aeaeaiiy.

Aiae?c iieacaa, ui iaeiei ?c niinia?a ciaioaiiy caeoeo a?ae iiaeaae?,
i?e a?aenooiino? /e a?aeiia? cania?a aaoiiaoe/iiai i?ioeiiaeaaeiiai
caoenoo, ? nei?i/aiiy /ano eiai aan?iiy. Aeinyaiooe oe??? iaoe iiaeia
oeyoii canoinoaaiiy cania?a iiaeaaeiaan?iiy, ui caeaoi? o ei?ioeee /an
aeinoaaeyoe aei i?noey iiaeaae? aiaiaaanio ?a/iaeio ? noai?thaaoe o
ia’?i?, ui caoeua?oueny, oiiae, ui ia?aoeiaeaeothoue ?iciianthaeaeaiith
? ?icaeoeo iiaeaae? ? ni?eythoue eiai oaeaeeiio i?eieiaiith.

Iieacaii, ui aei oaeeo cania?a iiaeaaeiaan?iiy iiaeia a?aeianoe caniae,
ui canoiniaothoue o yeino? aiaiaaanii? ?a/iaeie aacia? noi?o?.

Iniiaieie iniaeeainoyie aaciaeo cania?a iiaeaaeiaan?iiy ? oaeaeea
noai?aiiy o ia’?i?, ui caoeua?oueny, aiaiaaanii? eiioeaio?aoe??, iaeee
iai?yiee caeoie a?ae canoinoaaiiy aiaiaaanii? ?a/iaeie, oe?ie?
iiaeeeaino? aa??thaaiiy iniaeeainoyie oaeoe/iiai aeei?enoaiiy aeacaieo
cania?a.

Aiae?c o?ceei-o?i?/ieo aeanoeainoae aaciaeo noi?oae, ?o aa?oino?,
iaeano? canoinoaaiiy, oiene/iino?, iiaeeeaino? ?o oaeaeei? aeinoaaee
aeey iiiiaiaiiy caian?a iieaco?, ui c ?nioth/eo nueiaiaei? aaciaeo
neeaae?a, iaea?eueo i?eeiyoiei aeey aeei?enoaiiy a oe?eyo
iiaeaaeiaan?iiy ? aeaiieen aoaeaoeth.

Ia i?aenoaa? i?iaaaeaiiai aiae?co ?nioth/eo cania?a aoaeaeeneioiiai
iiaeaaeiaan?iiy aeae?eai? ?o iniiai? iaaeie?ee – iaea ?ii?noue,
iaiiaeeea?noue aan?iiy aaeeeeo ia’?i?a, noaoe?iia?i?noue.

I?iaaaeaiee aiae?c iieacaa, ui i?aeaeneoe aoaeoeai?noue i?ioeiiaeaaeiiai
caoenoo ia’?eo?a iiaeia oeyoii noai?aiiy iia?eueii? onoaiiaee
aoaeaeeneioiiai iiaeaaeiaan?iiy, i?enoiniaaii? aeey aeinoaaee aei i?noey
iiaeaae? caiano aiaiaaanii? ?a/iaeie – ??aeeiai aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth, ca
aeiiiiiaith yei? iiaeia aoei a o ei?ioeee /an noai?thaaoe aiaiaaanio
eiioeaio?aoe?th o ia’?i?, ui caoeua?oueny, ciaiooth/e caeoie a?ae
iiaeaae?. Ia oe?e i?aenoaa? noi?ioeueiaaia caaea/a aeine?aeaeaiue oa
iieacai? oeyoe ? iniaeeaino? ?? ?ica’ycaiiy.

A ae?oaiio ?icae?e? cae?enith?oueny aea?? no?oeoo?ii? noaie ?
iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaethaaiiy i?ioean?a, ui i?io?eathoue i?e aeo?eaii?
aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth c ?cioa?i?/ii? ?ieino?.

Iieacaii, ui iaiaaeaiiy ii ia’?io i?ei?uaiiy, ui caoeua?oueny aaciaeie
onoaiiaeaie iiaeaaeiaan?iiy, iia’ycai? eeoa c eiino?oeoeaieie
iniaeeainoyie ?o iaoai?/ii? /anoeie ? i?ye ia iia’ycaii c o?ce/ieie
iniaeeainoyie aan?iiy aeaiieenii aoaeaoeth. Aiae?c iieacaa, ui aeey
iiaoaeiae iia?eueii? onoaiiaee aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy iaea?eueo
aeioe?eueii aeei?enoaiiy ?cioa?i?/ieo ?ieinoae, ui ?noioii ciaioo?
iaoaei?ii?noue onoaiiaee, ca?eueoo? iiaeeeao iano aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth,
ui caa??aa?oueny, nei?i/o? /an ia?aca?yaeee nenoaie caianii aiaiaaanii?
?a/iaeie.

I?iaaaeaiee aiae?c ?cioa?i?/ieo oeenoa?i, ui aeioneathoueny a Oe?a?i?.
A?i iieacaa, ui c on?o ?cioa?i?/ieo ?ieinoae iaea?eueo i?enoiniaaiith
aeey aeei?enoaiiy o caaeaieo oe?eyo ? ?cioa?i?/ia oeenoa?ia
OeOO-4,5/2,4, oaoi?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee yei? iaaaaeai? o oaae. 1.

Ia iniia? ?cioa?i?/ii? ?ieino? OeOO–4,5/2,4 iiaoaeiaaia noaia iia?eueii?
onoaiiaee aoaeaeeneioiiai iiaeaaeiaan?iiy, iniiaieie neeaaeiaeie
oeenoa?ie yei? ?: ?cioa?i?/iee ?aca?aoa? aeey ??aeeiai aeaiieeno
aoaeaoeth; aocie i?aeeeth/aiiy ?oeaa?a aeey aeioneaiiy NI2; aeaa
oieiaeeeueieo aa?aaaoe (iniiaiee ? ?aca?aiee); oaoa oi?aae?iiy
aeaeo?ionoaoeoaaiiyi oeenoa?ie; aeaa neeiaeo aeaeo?iueoa oieiaeeeueieo
aa?aaaoe; aa?aaaie aeey ?oeaa?a iiaea/? NI2.

Aeey iiaoaeiae ethai? onoaiiaee iiaeaaeiaan?iiy iaiao?aeii ciaiiy
i?ioean?a, ui i?io?eathoue o i?e. Ae??oaiiy oe??? caaea/? i?iaiaeeeinue
oeyoii iaea?aeaiiy iaoaiaoe/ieo iien?a.

Oaaeeoey 1 – Oaoi?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee ?cioa?i?/ii? ?ieino?
OeOO–4,5/2,4

? Iaeiaioaaiiy ia?aiao??a ? ?ici???a Ii?ie

Aaiiao?e/ia ?ii?noue ?aca?aoa?a, i3 4,5

Eiao?oe??io iaiiaiaiiy ?aca?aoa?a 0,85

Iana ??aeeiai aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth a ?aca?aoa??, ia a?eueo, ea

4300

Oaiia?aoo?a ??aeeiai aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth a ?aca?aoa??, iN

(-45)…(–10)

?iai/ee oene o ?aca?aoa??, IIa 2,4

Aiae?c ?nioth/eo iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae iieacaa, ui ?oo aeaiieeno
aoaeaoeth ii eiioi?eaoe?yo ?aaeueii? onoaiiaee iiaeaaeiaan?iiy iio?aao?
?icaeyaeo caaea/? c o?aooaaiiyi a?aie/ieo oiia aeey ao?aeiiai ?
aeo?aeiiai ia?aoei?a o?oaii?iaiaeo. Aiae?oe/ii oeacai? oiiae iiaeooue
aooe noi?ioeueiaai?: aeey ao?aeiiai ia?aoeio ca aeiiiiiaith ??aiyiiy, ui
iieno? ci?io oeneo a ?cioa?i?/i?e oeenoa?i? i?e aeioneo aeaiieeno
aoaeaoeth; aeey aeo?aeiiai – o aeaeyae? caeaaeiino?, ui ca’yco? oene o
o?oaii?iaiae? ia?aae ianaaeeith ? caaacia/oaaio ?i ianiao aeo?aoo.

O a?eueoino? iiaeaeae, ui iienothoue ci?io oeneo a noaeei? i?e eiai
?icaa?iaoecaoe??, a?aenooi? /eaie, ui a?aoiaothoue aieea ia i?ioean
ci?ie oaiei?iiino? iaoaeaai? iaieiiee. O ae?eniino? ci?ia oaiei?iiino?
iaieiiee ca’yco?oueny ia o?eueee c? cieaeaiiyi oaiia?aoo?e, a oaeiae o
?acoeueoao? ciaioaiiy iane oae iaceaaiiai “aeoeaiiai iaoaeo”.

Aeoiaey/e c ?iaeea?aeoaeueii? aeanoeaino? aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth, ui a cii?
iecueeiai oeneo (0,5(2,0 IIa) ia? i?noea i?eaeecia ??aiyiiy

P (i ( const, (1)

aea ? – oene o ?ieino?, IIa, (i – ieoiiee ia’?i, i3(ea,

aoei iaea?aeaii ??aiyiiy, ui iieno? ci?io oeneo a ?cioa?i?/i?e ?ieino?
i?e aeo?eaii? ??aeei? /anoeie aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth

. (2)

aea Ia – iana “aeoeaiiai iaoaea”, ea; O – oaiia?aoo?a, E; n – ieoiia
oaiei?ii?noue aeoeaiiai iaoaea; i0 – ieoiia aioaeuei?y ii/aoeiaa,
eAeae/ea, r – ieoiia oaieioa ia?iooai?aiiy, eAeae/ea; G – ianiaa
aeo?aoa, ea/n; o – aeaeaoeiaa ianiaa ia?ioo?eiaiiy, ae – iicia/ea, ui
noino?oueny ??aeei? oace; i – iicia/ea, ui noino?oueny ia?iai? oace.

Aaee/eia Ia, ui aoiaeeoue o ??aiyiiy (2), yaey? niaith iano oae
iaceaaiiai “aeoeaiiai iaoaeo”. Oa?i?i “aeoeaiee iaoae” aeei?enoaiee i?e
aeaaaeaii? a ca’yceo c oei, ui ia oaanue iaoae oeenoa?ie a iaeiaeia?e
i??? a?aeaea? aeoioeueiaaia oaiei i?e cieaeaii? oaiia?aoo?e aeaiooaciiai
na?aaeiaeua. Iaea?eueoa ?ioaineaia oaieia?aeaea/a a?aeaoaa?oueny c
aioo??oiuei? iiaa?oi? oeenoa?ie, ?icoaoiaaii? ieae/a ??aiy ??aeei? oace.
A i??o nii?iaeiaiiy oeenoa?ie iana aeoeaiiai iaoaeo ciaioeoueny
i?iii?oe?eii cieaeaiith ??aiy ??aeeie aai ?? iane.

Aiae?c ??aiyiiy (2) iieaco?, ui oaeaee?noue ci?ie oeneo a oeenoa?i?
i?iii?oe?eia oaeaeeino? nii?iaeiaiiy. *ei a?eueoa aeo?aoa, oei a?eueoa
oaeaee?noue cieaeaiiy oeneo. Aaee/eia d?/d( caeaaeeoue oaeiae a?ae iane
aeaiooaciiai na?aaeiaeua, ui ciaoiaeeoueny a aeaiee iiiaio o oeenoa?i?.
*ei a?eueoa iana aeaiooaciiai na?aaeiaeua, oei iaioa oaeaee?noue ci?ie
oeneo. Ia oaeaee?noue cieaeaiiy oeneo aieeaa? oaiei?ii?noue oeenoa?ie.
Oeae aieea o on?o aeiaaeeao aoaea oiia?eueithaaoe oaii ci?ie oeneo.

C ??aiyiiy (2) io?eiaia caeaaei?noue aeey caaaeueiiai cieaeaiiy oeneo a
oeenoa?i? o ooieoe?? caeeoeiai? (iioi/ii?) iane aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth a
i?ioean? nii?iaeiaiiy

(3)

I?e ia/eneaii? iio?aeieo a?ae ?ae ? O aeioe?eueii aeei?enoiaoaaoe
caa?iaia ??aiyiiy Eeaeia?iia-Eeaoceona

(5)

– ieoiia ?ciaa?ia oaiei?ii?noue, eAeae/(ea(E).

?ic?aooiie cae?enithaaany /enaeueiei iaoiaeii ia IAII. ?acoeueoaoe
?ic?aooieo iiaeai? ia ?en. 1 /ioe?ia a?oiaie e?eaeo, ui a?aeiinyoueny
aei ??ciiiai?oieo ii/aoeiaeo oene?a. Aa?oiy e?eaa eiaeii? a?oie io?eiaia
ca oiiae ??aiino? iane aeoeaiiai iaoaeo ? iane naii? oeenoa?ie. Ieaeiy
e?eaa io?eiaia ca oiiae Ia=0. C ?enoiea i/aaeaeii, ui oaiei?ii?noue
oeenoa?ie iicia/a?oueny ia ?acoeueoaoao ?ic?aooieo iii?oiei ia?acii
o?eueee i?e i?aeaeuaiiio ii/aoeiaiio oeneo (2,1 IIa). I?e a?eueo
iecueeeo oeneao oeei aieeaii iiaeia ciaaaaeeoe, i?eeiath/e a ?ic?aooieao
Ia=0. I?e/iio, /ei a?eueoa ianya oeenoa?ie, oei iaioa a?aeiioaiiy i?ae
eiai ianith ? ianith aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth ? oei iaioee aieea ia i?ioean
?iaeoue oaiei?ii?noue.

?enoiie 1 – Caeaaei?noue ci?ie oeneo a oeenoa?i? i?e nii?iaeiaii?: 1 – c
o?aooaaiiyi oaieiiai?io; 2 – aac o?aooaaiiy oaieiiai?io

Io?eiaii ae?ac e?eoe/ii? aeo?aoe aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth, caienaiee aeey
?aeaaeueiiai ianaaeea

(6)

O aeiaaeeo ?aaeueiiai ianaaeea iio??aii o?aooaaiiy oaeoe/iiai
eiao?oe??ioa aeo?aoe

(7)

aea ( – eiao?oe??io aeeiai?/ii? a?ocueeino?, I(n/i2; ?i – oene ia?aae
ianaaeeith, IIa, (0 – u?euei?noue aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth a oeenoa?i?,
ea/i3, E – aii??e/ia iii?aaea.

O inoaiiueiio ae?aaeaii? o?ao?o? oaeiae eiao?oe??io, ui i?aaenoaaey?
niaith aei cai?iiiiiaaii? oai?aoe/ii? caeaaeiino?. Aoea iiaoaeiaaia
caeaaei?noue eiao?oe??ioa E a ooieoe?? a?aeiiniiai oeneo (?en. 2).

?enoiie 2 – Caeaaei?noue eiao?oe??ioa E a?ae a?aeiiniiai oeneo

Aeey ia/eneaiiy eiao?oe??io?a a ? b, ui aoiaeyoue o ae?aaeaiiy (6) ?
(7), i?iiiiothoueny oae? aii??e/i? ni?aa?aeiioaiiy

(9)

Io?eiaii ??aiyiiy, ui aeicaiey? ia/eneeoe ?iciiae?e noaoe/iiai oeneo a
o?oaii?iaiae?, ui o?ainii?oo? aeaiieen aoaeaoeth, o ooieoe??
aea?aaeaioii? aeiaaeeie

(10)

Ooo ( – a?aeiinia oi?noe?noue; (y – aea?aaeaioia aeiaaeeia, i.

Eiao?oe??ioe a e b aecia/athoueny ii oi?ioeao (8) ? (9). Ia ?en. 3
i?eaaaeai? a?ao?ee oeneo i?e ?on? aeaiooaciiai aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth a
o?oaii?iaiae?.

?enoiie 3 – Caeaaei?noue oeneo o ooieoe?? aeiaaeeie o?oaii?iaiaeo

C ??aiyiiy (10) ciaoiaeeoueny ianiaa aeo?aoa (i?iioneia ni?iiiaei?noue),
yeui a?aeii? oenee ia ii/aoeo ? iai?ee?ioe? o?oaii?iaiaeo

(11)

Aiae?c caeaaeiinoae ianiai? aeo?aoe a?ae oeneo a ?cioa?i?/i?e ?ieino?,
io?eiai? c ??oaiiy ??aiyiiy (11) aeey “aeaaeeeo” ? “oi?noeoaaoeo”
o?oaii?iaiae?a, iieaco?, ui ianiaa aeo?aoa aecia/aeueiei ia?acii
caeaaeeoue a?ae oeneo. Aieea /enea ?aeiieueaena ? oi?noeino?
o?oaii?iaiaeo aeoaea iacia/ii. Oiio aeey ?iaeaia?ieo ?ic?aooie?a iiaeia
i?eeiaoe ?oi? na?aaei? cia/aiiy. I?e oeueiio iioeaea ia/eneaiue ia aoaea
ia?aaeuoaaoe 3-5%.

E??i oiai aecia/aii, ui

j = A j0, (12)

– eiao?oe??io aeo?aoe o?oaii?iaiaeo, (aea – eiao?oe??io a?ae?aae?/iiai
iii?o aeaiooaciiai aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth.

C ae?aaeaiiy (12) ne?aeo?, ui i?eaaaeaia ianiaa aeo?aoa aeaiooaciiai
aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth i?yii i?iii?oe?eia eiao?oe??ioo aeo?aoe
o?oaii?iaiaeo ? i?eaaaeai?e iania?e aeo?ao? iaeiioaciiai aeaiieeno
aoaeaoeth j0. Ine?eueee j0 ? ooieoe??th oeneo a noaeei?

iiaeia aiai?eoe i?i caeaaei?noue j a?ae A ? ?0.

A o?aoueiio ?icae?e? i?iaaaeaia aenia?eiaioaeueia ia?aa??ea oai?aoe/ieo
caeaaeiinoae, ?ic?iaeaia oaoi?/ia caaaeaiiy ia noai?aiiy iia?eueii?
onoaiiaee aaciaiai aoaeaeeneioiiai iiaeaaeiaan?iiy, i?iaaaeai?
aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy aeine?aeiiai c?acea aaoiiia?ey aaciaiai
aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy (AAOO) oa ?ic?iaeai? i?iiiceoe??, uiaei eiai
aeei?enoaiiy.

Iaoa aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue noiyea o ia?aa??oe? caeaaeiinoae,
ui iienothoue ci?io oeneo a ?cioa?i?/i?e ?ieino? i?e aeioneo aeaiieeno
aoaeaoeth oa eiai e?eoe/ieo aeo?ao. Aeey i?iaaaeaiiy aenia?eiaio?a aoee
neiino?oeiaai? aea? aenia?eiaioaeuei? onoaiiaee.

Ia ?en. 4 ? 5 iiaeai? oa?aeoa?i? inoeeeia?aie oeneo ? iane aeaiieeno
aoaeaoeth, io?eiai? i?e ii/aoeiaeo oeneao o noaeei? 2,06; 1,66; 1,24
IIa. Aeey c?o/iino? ii??aiyiiy io?eiaieo aeaieo ?c cai?iiiiiaaiith
oai???th iaeaeaa a?ao?ee aoee ia?aio?iaai? a caeaaei?noue oeneo a?ae
caeeoeiai? iane aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth. Cacia/aia caeaaei?noue a?aecia/aia
ia ?en. 6.

?enoiie 4 – Inoeeeia?aia oeneo a noaeei? i?e nii?iaeiaii?

?acoeueoaoe ?ic?aooieo iiaeai? ia ?en. 6 o?ueiia a?oiaie e?eaeo, ui
noaaeyoueny aei ??ciiiai?oieo ii/aoeiaeo oene?a. Aa?oiy e?eaa eiaeii?
a?oie io?eiaia ca oiiae ??aiino? iane aeoeaiiai iaoaeo ? iane naii?
oeenoa?ie. Ieaeiy e?eaa io?eiaia c o?aooaaiiyi ci?ie iane aeoeaiiai
iaoaeo ii oi?ioe? (3).

?enoiie 5 – Inoeeeia?aia caeeoeiai? iane aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth i?e
nii?iaeiaii?

?enoiie 6 – Caeaaei?noue oeneo a noaeei? a?ae caeeoeiai? iane aeaiieeno
aoaeaoeth ? ii/aoeiaiai oeneo

sse ne?aeo? c c?noaaeaiiy aeine?aeieo aeaieo ? ?ic?aooieiaeo e?eaeo,
cai?iiiiiaaia ??aiyiiy (3) o oe?eiio i?aaeeueii a?aeaeaa?
caeiiii??i?noue ci?ie oeneo i?e ?icaa?iaoecaoe?? noaeeie c aeaiieenii
aoaeaoeth. I?ioa, e?auee ca?a c aenia?eiaioaeueieie aeaieie aea? oai??y,
ui a?aoiao? ci?io iane “aeoeaiiai iaoaeo”.

Aiae?c iieacaa, ui aeey e?oiiiia’?iieo ?cioa?i?/ieo oeenoa?i aieea
oaiei?iiino? aioo??oiuei? noaeeie ia ?acoeueoao ia/eneaiiy oeneo
aeyaey?oueny neaaoa. I?e/iio, /ei a?eueoa ianya oeenoa?ie, oei iaioa
a?aeiioaiiy i?ae eiai ianith ? ianith aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth ? oei iaioee
aieea ia i?ioean aea? oaiei?ii?noue.

O a?aeiioaii? iaae i?eaeaoiino? ??aiyiiy (3) aa?oi neacaoe, ui aiii, ye
iieacaee aeine?aee, ?c aeinoaoiuei? aeey i?aeoe/ieo oe?eae oi/i?noth
iiaea aooe aeei?enoaii o?eueee o aeiaaeeo aeo?eaiiy c ?ieino? iane/aiiai
aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth iecueeiai oeneo (0,8(2,5 IIa). I?e a?eueo aenieeo
oeneao ??aiyiiy aoaea aeaaaoe iiieeeo oei a?eueoo, i?ae a?eueoa
ii/aoeiaee oene.

Ae?oaa iaiaaeaiiy aecia/a?oueny /anii aeo?eaiiy aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth c
?ieino?. sseui /an aeo?eaiiy ca?aa?oueny c o?eaae?noth ia?ao?aeiiai
i?ioeano a iiiaio ioneo (10-30 n) canoinoaaiiy ??aiyiiy (3) ia ?
iaa?oioiaaiei. O aeaiiio aeiaaeeo aeine?aeaeaiiy iaiao?aeii
cae?enithaaoe iaoiaeaie ia??aiiaaaeii? oa?iiaeeiai?ee. C ?ioiai aieo,
i?e aeo?eaii? aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth c ia??iaeii, ia/enethaaeueiei /anaie,
o ??aiyii? (3) iio??aii aeiaeaoeiaa o?aooaaiiy oaieii?eoieo c aieo
iaaeieeoiueiai na?aaeiaeua.

Io?eiai? aenia?eiaioaeuei? caeaaeiino? aeicaieeee iiaoaeoaaoe
iaoaiaoe/io iiaeaeue ci?ie iane aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth.

Nei?enoaaoenue iaea?aeaiei aeai?eoiii aoea aecia/aia iaoaiaoe/ia
iiaeaeue ci?ie iane aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth i?e nii?iaeiaii? ?ieino? o
aeaeyae?

(13)

aea W(p) – ia?aaeaoia ooieoe?y, ? io?eiai? cia/aiiy eiao?oe??io?a

E=37,5 ea/n; a0 =1; a1=1/b=58,8 c.

Io?eiaia iiaeaeue iiaea aooe aeei?enoaia i?e aecia/aii? oei/aniaeo
iieaciee?a ?iaioe onoaiiaee iiaeaaeiaan?iiy.

Ia ?en. 7 aeaia c?noaaeaiiy cia/aiue aeine?aeieo iaaaaeaieo aeo?ao,
iicia/aieo oi/eaie ? aeo?ao, ia/eneaieo ii oi?ioe? – nooe?euei? e?i??.
Ca?a oai?aoe/ieo ? aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeo?ao oe?eeii caaeia?eueiee,
a?aeiinia a?aeoeeaiiy ia ia?aaeuo? 5%. Oaeei /eiii, aenia?eiaioaeueia
ia?aa??ea iieacaea, ui caeaaei?noue 7 iiaea aooe ?aeiiaiaeiaaia aei
i?aeoe/iiai aeei?enoaiiy aeey oe?eae i?iaeooaaiiy onoaiiaie
aoaeaeeneioiiai iiaeaaeiaan?iiy iecueeiai oeneo.

?enoiie 7 – Caeaaei?noue i?eaaaeaii? e?eoe/ii? aeo?aoe a?ae oeneo a
oeenoa?i? ? oeneo ia?aae ianaaeeith

Ia i?aenoaa? io?eiaieo oai?aoe/ieo ?acoeueoao?a ? i?iaaaeaieo
aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue aoee noi?ioeueiaai? aeiiae aei
iia?eueii? onoaiiaee aoaeaeeneioiiai iiaeaaeiaan?iiy.

Ia i?aenoaa? noi?ioeueiaaieo oaoi?/ieo aeiia aoei neeaaeaii oaoi?/ia
caaaeaiiy ia noai?aiiy aaoiiia?ey aaciaiai aoaeaeeneioiiai
iiaeaaeiaan?iiy (caoaa?aeaeaia canooiieeii ia/aeueieea AOAeII IAN
Oe?a?ie 24.06.97 ?.). Ia iniia? ?ic?iaeaiiai oaoi?/iiai caaaeaiiy ia
aac? Iaeanueeiai caaiaeo “Eenei?iaeiao” aoa noai?aiee aaoiiia?eue
aaciaiai aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy (?en 8), ui neeaaea?oueny c aeaio
iniiaieo /anoei – oeenoa?ie e aaoiiia?ey.

Caaaeath/e iaoa, ui aeaye? oa?aeoa?enoeee iiaeia iaea?aeaoe o?eueee
aenia?eiaioaeueiei oeyoii, aoee i?iaaaeai? ?nieoe aaoiiia?ey aaciaiai
aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy. C oe??th oe?eeth aoea ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea
iie?aiiieo ?nieo?a ii aecia/aiith ia?aiao??a iiaea/? NI2 ?c o?ainii?oii?
oeenoa?ie OeOO–4,5/2,4.

O ?acoeueoao? i?iaaaeaieo aenia?eiaio?a ? ?nieo?a io?eiai? oae?
?acoeueoaoe. Aecia/aii na?aaei? cia/aiiy aeo?aoe NI2 ?c ?o/ieo noaie?a,
ui a?aeiia?aeii neeaaea?:

?o/iee noaie E?A-50 – 1,16 ea/n; ?o/iee noaie ?N-50 – 2,03 ea/n.

A?aeiia?aeii aei caoaa?aeaeaii? “I?ia?aie ? iaoiaeeee…” aecia/aii
iaeneiaeueio aeaeuei?noue no?oiai? aa?icieth NI2 ?c ?o/ieo noaie?a
E?A-50 ? ?N-50, ui a?aeiia?aeii neeaaea?:

?o/iee noaie E?A-50 – 15 i; ?o/iee noaie ?N-50 – 17,5 i.

?enoiie 8 – Aaoiiia?eue aaciaiai aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy

I?iaaaeai? oai?aoe/i? e aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy eyaee a iniiao
i?iiiceoe?e ii canoinoaaiith aaoiiia?ey aaciaiai aoaeaeeneioiiai
aan?iiy. A?aoiaoth/e iano aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth, ui aiceoue AAOO (4,3 o),
a?i iiaea canoiniaoaaoenue ia ia’?eoao, caaaeueiei ia’?iii aei 6000 i3.

Ia i?aenoaa? i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue ?ic?iaeaiee oei/aniaee iin?aiee
c aenieoaoaoe?? aaoiiia?ey aaciaiai aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy,
caoaa?aeaeaiee ia/aeueieeii OAeII OIAN Oe?a?ie a Oa?e?anuee?e iaeano?.
Aecia/ai? oaeoe/i? iiaeeeaino? AAOO, ?ic?iaeai? niiniae ? i?eeiie eiai
canoinoaaiiy.

11 eenoiiaaea 1998 ?ieo aeine?aeiee c?acie aaoiiia?ey aaciaiai
aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy aoa aei?iaoaaiee i?e aan?ii? iiaeaae? ia
ei?iiia?a?iaiiio caaiae? i. E?aniia?aaea Oa?e?anueei? iaeano?. Caaaeyee
eiai canoinoaaiith aoei oieeiooi aeaooiiaaacia/ii? neooaoe?? oa
aeinyaiooi oni?oia aan?iiy iiaeaae?.

A aeaiee /an aaoiiia?eue i?ioiaeeoue iiaeaeueo? aei?iaoaaiiy a
Oa?e?anueeiio aa?i?cii? iiaeaaeii? ioi?iie.

AENIIAEE

Iieacaii, ui oni?oia aan?iiy iiaeaae? iiaea aooe aeinyaiooa oeyoii
canoinoaaiiy iia?eueieo onoaiiaie iiaeaaeiaan?iiy c canoinoaaiiyi o
yeino? aiaiaaanii? ?a/iaeie aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth.

Ia iniia? i?iaaaeaiiai aiae?co ?nioth/eo cania?a aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy
aeae?eai? ?oi? iniiai? iaaeie?ee, a oaeiae iieacai? iai?yiee ?icaeoeo
cania?a aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy.

Cae?eniaii aea?? no?oeoo?ii? noaie ?cioa?i?/ii? oeenoa?ie aeey iiaoaeiae
iia?eueii? onoaiiaee aoaeaeeneioiiai iiaeaaeiaan?iiy ? iieacaii, ui ?c
?cioa?i?/ieo oeenoa?i, ui aeioneathoueny na??eii, aeey iiaoaeiae
iia?eueii? onoaiiaee aoaeaeeneioiiai iiaeaaeiaan?iiy iaea?eueoa
aeioe?eueii canoinoaaiiy oeenoa?ie OeOO-4,5/2,4.

Iieacaii, ui aiae?oe/ii a?aie/i? oiiae i?e ?icaeyae? caaea/? ?ooo
aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth ii eiioi?eaoe?yo ?aaeueii? onoaiiaee iiaeaaeiaan?iiy
iiaeooue aooe noi?ioeueiaai?: aeey ao?aeiiai ia?aoeio ca aeiiiiiaith
??aiyiiy, ui iieno? ci?io oeneo a ?cioa?i?/i?e oeenoa?i? i?e aeioneo
aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth; aeey aeo?aeiiai – o aeaeyae? caeaaeiino?, ui
ca’yco? oene o o?oaii?iaiae? ia?aae ianaaeeith ? caaacia/oaaio ?i ianiao
aeo?aoo.

Io?eiaii iaoaiaoe/iee iien i?ioeano nii?iaeiaiiy ?cioa?i?/ii? oeenoa?ie
o aeaeyae? caeiiii??iinoae ci?ie oeneo ? iieacaii, ui oaiei?ii?noue
oeenoa?ie iicia/a?oueny ia ?acoeueoaoao ?ic?aooieo iii?oiei ia?acii
o?eueee i?e i?aeaeuaiiio ii/aoeiaiio oeneo. I?e a?eueo iecueeeo oeneao
oeei aieeaii iiaeia ciaaaaeeoe.

Io?eiaii iaoaiaoe/iee iien e?eoe/ii? aeo?aoe aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth
noiniaii aei no?oieiieo ianaaeie, aeei?enoiaoaaiei a onoaiiaeao aaciaiai
iiaeaaeiaan?iiy.

Ia iniia? ocaaaeueiaiiy oai?aoe/ieo aeaieo cai?iiiiiaai? aiae?oe/i?
caeaaeiino?, ui aeicaieythoue aecia/eoe: u?euei?noue aeaiooaciiai
aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth; oene a ?cioa?i?/i?e oeenoa?i? i?e aeioneo ??aeei?
/anoeie NI2; oo?aoe oeneo a o?oaii?iaiae?; i?iioneio ni?iiiaei?noue
o?oaii?iaiae?a; e?eoe/ia ianiao aeo?aoo.

Iieacaii, ui ianiaa aeo?aoa aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth c ?cioa?i?/ii? oeenoa?ie
aecia/aeueiei ia?acii caeaaeeoue a?ae oeneo a oeenoa?i? ? i?aeoe/ii ia
caeaaeeoue a?ae oi?noeino? o?oaii?iaiaeo ? /enea ?aeiieueaena.

?ic?iaeaii aenia?eiaioaeuei? onoaiiaee aeey aecia/aiiy ia?aiao??a
aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth i?e aeo?eaii? eiai c ?cioa?i?/ieo ?ieinoae.

Iieacaii, ui io?eiai? oai?aoe/i? caeaaeiino? a?aeaeaathoue o?ce/i?
i?ioeane, ui i?io?eathoue i?e aeo?eaii? ??aeeiai aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth c
?cioa?i?/ieo ?ieinoae, ?c a?aeiiniith iioeaeith, ui ia ia?aaeuo? 10%.

?ic?iaeaii aeiiae aei iia?eueii? onoaiiaee aoaeaeeneioiiai
iiaeaaeiaan?iiy, ia i?aenoaa? yeeo neeaaeaia oaoi?/ia caaaeaiiy ia
noai?aiiy aaoiiia?ey aaciaiai aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy, caoaa?aeaeaia
ia/aeueieeii Oe?IAe?IA IAN Oe?a?ie.

?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeee ? i?ia?aie iie?aiiieo ?nieo?a aaoiiia?ey aaciaiai
aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy, caoaa?aeaeai? ia/aeueieeii Oe?IAe?IA IAN
Oe?a?ie, ? i?iaaaeai? aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy, iie?aiii? ?
aieia? ?nieoe aaoiiia?ey aaciaiai aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy.

?ic?iaeaii ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii canoinoaaiith aaoiiia?ey aaciaiai
aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy, ia i?aenoaa? yeeo neeaaeaiee oei/aniaee
iin?aiee ?c eiai aenieoaoaoe??, caoaa?aeaeaiee ia/aeueieeii OAeII OIAN
Oe?a?ie a Oa?e?anuee?e iaeano?.

Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe iioae?eiaai? a ianooiieo
?iaioao:

Aa?aiia TH.A., Ea?eao N.I., Aeeca?ia A.A., Aeeca?ia A.A., Noiyiia A.O.
Nia?aiaiiua n?aaenoaa i?ioeaiiiaea?iie caueou. – Oa?ueeia: OEIA, 1998. –
193 n.

Aeeca?ia A.A. Iaoaiaoe/aneay iiaeaeue i?ioeanna auoiaea aeeieneaea
oaea?iaea ec ecioa?ie/aneie aieinoe // I?iaeaiu iiaea?iie aaciianiinoe.
Na. iao/. o?. – Aui. 4. – Oa?ueeia: OEIA. – 1998. – N. 68–70.

Aeeca?ia A.A. Ecioa?ie/aneea aieinoe a onoaiiaeao iiaea?ioooaiey //
I?iaeaiu iiaea?iie aaciianiinoe. Na. iao/. o?. – Aui. 4. – Oa?ueeia:
OEIA. – 1998. – N. 61–67.

Aeeca?ia A.A. Iniaaiiinoe oaeoe/aneiai iaania/aiey iiaea?iiai aaoiiiaeey
oaeaeeneioiiai oooaiey // I?iaeaiu iiaea?iie aaciianiinoe. Na. iao/. o?.
– Aui. 3. – Oa?ueeia: OEIA. – 1998. – N. 69–73.

Aeeca?ia A.A. “Eaieeey?iue” iiaeoiae e iienaieth i?ioeanna aicaeaenoaey
aeeieneaea oaea?iaea ia ?anoeoaeueiia nu?uea i?e aai naiiiaa?aaaiee a
ca?ii- e eiiaeei?iio?aieeeuao // I?iaeaiu iiaea?iie aaciianiinoe. Na.
iao/. o?. – Aui. 2. – Oa?ueeia: OEIA. – 1997. – N. 40–43.

Ni?ieei I.ss., Aeueaiuee A.I., Iaiaeei A.O., Aeeca?ia A.A. E aii?ino
eniieueciaaiey aeeaeeiai acioa aeey i?aaeioa?auaiey iiaea?ia ia
yeaaaoi?ao e eiiaeei?iiauo caaiaeao // I?iaeaiu iiaea?iie aaciianiinoe.
– E.: IAAe Oe?aeiu. – 1995. – N. 249.

Aeeca?ia A.A., Iiei/iue N.I. I?eiaiaiea ecioa?ie/aneeo aieinoae oeia
OeOO–4,5/2,4 aeey oeaeae iiaea?ioooaiey // Iao. 3 iao/.-i?aeo. eiio.
“Iiaea?iay aaciianiinoue-97”. – E.: Oe?IEEIA IAAe Oe?aeiu. – 1997. – N.
334.

Ieaeiee A.I., Aeeca?ia A.A., Ni?ieei I.ss. I?iaeaiu caueou iocaaa io
iiaea?ia // Oac. aeiee. 51-e IOE “No?ieoue – cia/eo aeoiaoue i
aoaeouai”. – Oa?ueeia: OAOONA. – 1996. – N. 85.

?e?ca?ia A.A. ?ic?iaea iia?eueii? onoaiiaee aoaeaeeneioiiai
iiaeaaeiaan?iiy. – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 05.26.03 – iiaeaaeia aaciaea. Oa?e?anueeee ?inoeooo
iiaeaaeii? aaciaee IAN Oe?a?ie, Oa?e?a, 1998.

Aeena?oaoe?th i?enay/aii ?ic?iaoe? iia?eueii? onoaiiaee aoaeaeeneioiiai
iiaeaaeiaan?iiy. Iieacaii, ui oni?oia aan?iiy iiaeaae iiaea aooe
aeinyaiooi ca ?aooiie canoinoaaiiy iia?eueieo onoaiiaie aaciaiai
aan?iiy. Ia iniia? aiae?co aiaiaaanieo ?a/iaei iaa?oioiaaii canoinoaaiiy
aeey aan?iiy iiaeaae? aeaiieeno aoaeaoeth. Cae?eniaii aea?? no?oeoo?ii?
noaie iia?eueii? onoaiiaee aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy. Ia iniia? ?ic?iaee ?
aiae?co iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae i?ioean?a, ui i?io?eathoue o aaciaeo
onoaiiaeao iiaeaaeiaan?iiy iecueeiai oeneo, oa ?o aenia?eiaioaeueii?
ia?aa??ee iaa?oioiaai? oaoi?/i? aeiiae aei iia?eueii? onoaiiaee aaciaiai
aoaeaeeneioiiai iiaeaaeiaan?iiy oa ?ic?iaeaii oaoi?/ia caaaeaiiy ia ??
noai?aiiy. Noai?aii aeine?aeiee c?acie aaoiiia?eth aaciaiai
aoaeaeeneioiiai aan?iiy ia aac? EaiAC, i?iaaaeai? eiai aenia?eiaioaeuei?
aeine?aeaeaiiy oa aieia? aei?iaoaaiiy ? ?ic?iaeai? i?iiiceoe?? ii eiai
canoinoaaiith.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: iia?eueia onoaiiaea, aaciaa aan?iiy, ?cioa?i?/i?
?ieino?, aeaiooaciaa na?aaeiaeua, iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaethaaiiy, oaeoe/ia
caaacia/aiiy.

Yelizarov V.V. Development of mobile unit of carbonic acid fire
suppression. – Manuscript.

Thesis on competition of a scientific degree of the candidate of
engineering science on a speciality 05.26.03 – flammability control. The
Kharkiv institute of flammability control Ministry of Internal Affairs
of Ukraine, Kharkiv, 1998.

The thesis is devoted to development of mobile unit of carbonic acid
fire suppression. Is shown, that the successful clearing of fires can be
reached at the expense of application of mobile unit of gas
extinguishing. Because of analysis fire-extinguishing of substances the
application for extinguishing a fire of a carbon dioxide is justified.
The choice of the block diagram of mobile unit of carbonic acid
extinguishing is carried out. Because of development and analysis of
mathematical models of processes, which flow past in gas unit of fire
suppression of low pressure, and their experimental check the
specifications to mobile unit gas of carbonic acid fire suppression are
justified and the technical project on it creation is developed. The
experimental sample of the automobile gas of carbonic acid extinguishing
on basis EAMAZ is created, the experimental researches and battle tests
are conducted it and the offers till it to application are developed.

Key word: mobile unit, gas extinguishing, isothermal capacities,
two-phase medium, mathematical modelling, tactical maintenance.

Aeeca?ia A.A. ?ac?aaioea iiaeeueiie onoaiiaee oaeaeeneioiiai
iiaea?ioooaiey. – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa oaoie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 05.26.03 – iiaea?iay aaciianiinoue. Oa?ueeianeee
einoeooo iiaea?iie aaciianiinoe IAAe Oe?aeiu, Oa?ueeia, 1998.

Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia ?ac?aaioea iiaeeueiie onoaiiaee oaeaeeneioiiai
iiaea?ioooaiey.

Iieacaii, /oi oniaoiia oooaiea iiaea?a i?e ionoonoaee eee ioeaca
n?aaenoa aaoiiaoe/aneie i?ioeaiiiaea?iie caueou, iiaeao auoue
aeinoeaiooi iooai i?eiaiaiey iiaeeueiuo onoaiiaie aaciaiai
iiaea?ioooaiey.

I?iaaaeai aiaeec nouanoaothueo aaciauo ninoaaia, i?eiaiyaiuo aeey oeaeae
iiaea?ioooaiey, e ia aai iniiaa iieacaii, /oi iaeaieaa i?eaieaiui
yaeyaony i?eiaiaiea aeeieneaea oaea?iaea.

Aiaeec nouanoaothueo n?aaenoa aaciaiai oaeaeeneioiiai iiaea?ioooaiey
iicaieee auyaeoue eo iniiaiua iaaeinoaoee – iaeoth aieinoue iaiaoooauaai
aauanoaa, iaaiciiaeiinoue oooaiey iiaea?ia a iiiauaieyo aieueoeo
iauaiia, noaoeeiia?iinoue. Ii?aaeaeaiu iai?aaeaiey ?acaeoey nenoai
iiaea?ioooaiey e iieacaii, /oi ono?aieoue oeacaiiua iaaeinoaoee iiaeii
iooai nicaeaiey iiaeeueiie onoaiiaee aaciaiai oaeaeeneioiiai
iiaea?ioooaiey, i?aaeiacia/aiiie aeey aeinoaaee e ianoo iiaea?a
aieueoiai caiana iaiaoooauaai aauanoaa – aeeaeeiai aeeieneaea oaea?iaea.

Inouanoaeai auai? ecioa?ie/aneie aieinoe aeey iino?iaiey iiaeeueiie
onoaiiaee iiaea?ioooaiey. Ia iniiaa ecioa?ie/aneie aieinoe OeOO–4,5/2,4
iino?iaia noaia iiaeeueiie onoaiiaee oaeaeeneioiiai iiaea?ioooaiey.

Aeey ii?aaeaeaiey ia?aiao?ia onoaiiaee iiaea?ioooaiey iieo/aiu
iaoaiaoe/aneea iienaiey i?ioeannia, i?ioaeathueo a onoaiiaea
iiaea?ioooaiey i?e auionea iaiaoooauaai aauanoaa.

Aiaeec nouanoaothueo iaoaiaoe/aneeo iiaeaeae iieacae, /oi aeaeaeaiea
aeeieneaea oaea?iaea ii eiiioieeaoeeyi ?aaeueiie onoaiiaee
iiaea?ioooaiey o?aaoao ?anniio?aiey caaea/e n o/aoii a?aie/iuo oneiaee
aeey aoiaeiiai e auoiaeiiai na/aiee o?oaii?iaiaea. Aiaeeoe/anee
oeacaiiua oneiaey oi?ioee?othony: aeey aoiaeiiai na/aiey n iiiiuueth
o?aaiaiey, iienuaathuaai eciaiaiea aeaaeaiey a ecioa?ie/aneie aieinoe
i?e auionea aeeieneaea oaea?iaea; aeey auoiaeiiai – a aeaea caaeneiinoe,
naycuaathuae aeaaeaiea a o?oaii?iaiaea ia?aae ianaaeeii e iaania/eaaaiue
ei ianniaue ?anoiae.

Iniaaiiinoue iieo/aiiiai o?aaiaiey, iienuaathuaai eciaiaiea aeaaeaiey a
ecioa?ie/aneie aieinoe i?e enoa/aiee aeeaeeie /anoe aeeieneaea
oaea?iaea, a oii, /oi iii o/eouaaao ianno “aeoeaiiai iaoaeea”, o.a.
o/eouaaao oaieiiaiai ni noaieaie ecioa?ie/aneie oeenoa?iu. Aiaeec
iieo/aiiiai o?aaiaiey iieacae, /oi nei?inoue eciaiaiey aeaaeaiey a
oeenoa?ia i?iii?oeeiiaeueia nei?inoe iii?iaeiaiey. *ai auoa ?anoiae, oai
aieueoa nei?inoue eciaiaiey aeaaeaiey. Nei?inoue eciaiaiey aeaaeaiey
caaeneo oaeaea io iannu aeaoooaciie n?aaeu, iaoiaeyuaeny a aeaiiue
iiiaio a oeenoa?ia. *ai aieueoa ianna aeaoooaciie n?aaeu, oai iaiueoa
nei?inoue eciaiaiey aeaaeaiey. Ia nei?inoue nieaeaiey aeaaeaiey aeeyao
oaieiaieinoue oeenoa?iu. Yoi aeeyiea ai anao neo/ayo aoaeao caiaaeeyoue
oaii eciaiaiey aeaaeaiey.

Iieo/aii au?aaeaiea aeey e?eoe/aneiai ?anoiaea aeeieneaea oaea?iaea aeey
eaeaaeueiiai e ?aaeueiiai ianaaeeia, a oaeaea o?aaiaiea, iicaieythuaa
au/eneyoue ?ani?aaeaeaiea noaoe/aneiai aeaaeaiey a o?oaii?iaiaea,
o?ainii?oe?othuai aeeieneae oaea?iaea, e ianniaue ?anoiae. Aiaeec
iieo/aiiuo caaeneiinoae iieacuaaao, /oi ianniaue ?anoiae ii?aaeaeythuei
ia?acii caaeneo io aeaaeaiey, a aeeyiea /enea ?aeiieueaena e
oa?ioiaaoinoe o?oaii?iaiaea aanueia iacia/eoaeueii.

I?iaaaeaia yenia?eiaioaeueiay i?iaa?ea oai?aoe/aneeo caaeneiinoae. Iia
iieacaea, /oi eo/oaa niaiaaeaiea n yenia?eiaioaeueiuie aeaiiuie aeaao
oai?ey, o/eouaathuay eciaiaiea iannu “aeoeaiiai iaoaeea”. Aiaeec oaeaea
iieacae, /oi aeey e?oiiiiauaiiuo ecioa?ie/aneeo oeenoa?i aeeyiea
oaieiaieinoe aioo?aiiaai ninoaea ia ?acoeueoao au/eneaiey aeaaeaiey
i?iyaeyaony neaaaa, i?e/ai, /ai aieueoa iauai oeenoa?iu, oai iaiueoa
ioiioaiea iaaeaeo aai iannie e iannie aeeieneaea oaea?iaea e oai
iaiueoaa aeeyiea aoaeao ieacuaaoue oaieiaieinoue. Ii?aaeaeaiu a?aieoeu
i?eiaieiinoe o?aaiaiee. Iieacaii, /oi o?aaiaiey ni?aaaaeeeau i?e
enoa/aiee aeeaeeiai aeeieneaea oaea?iaea ec ecioa?ie/aneeo aieinoae
ieceiai aeaaeaiey (0,8(2,5 IIa), a a?aiy enoa/aiey aeieaeii eaaeaoue a
aeeaiaciia 20-40 iei.

Ia iniiaaiee iieo/aiiuo oai?aoe/aneeo ?acoeueoaoia ?ac?aaioaiu
o?aaiaaiey e iiaeeueiie onoaiiaea oaeaeeneioiiai iiaea?ioooaiey, ia
iniiaaiee eioi?uo ?ac?aaioaii oaoie/aneia caaeaiea ia nicaeaiea
aaoiiiaeey aaciaiai oaeaeeneioiiai oooaiey.

Ia iniiaaiee ?ac?aaioaiiiai oaoie/aneiai caaeaiey ia aaca Iaeanneiai
caaiaea “Eenei?iaeiao” nicaeai iiuoiue ia?acaoe aaoiiiaeey aaciaiai
oaeaeeneioiiai oooaiey (AAOO).

?ac?aaioaiu i?ia?aiia e iaoiaeeea iieeaiiiuo eniuoaiee ii ii?aaeaeaieth
ia?aiao?ia iiaea/e NI2 ec o?ainii?oiie oeenoa?iu OeOO–4,5/2,4.
Ii?aaeaeaiu n?aaeiea cia/aiey ?anoiaeia ec ?o/iuo noaieia E?A-50 e ?N-50
e aeaeueiinoe iiaea/e ay?iciey aeeieneaea oaea?iaea.

I?aaeeiaeaiiua oai?aoe/aneea e yenia?eiaioaeueiua caaeneiinoe eaaee a
iniiao i?aaeeiaeaiee ii i?eiaiaieth AAOO e ?ac?aaioaii a?aiaiiia
?oeiaiaenoai ii aai yenieoaoaoeee. ?ac?aaioaii oaeoe/aneia iaania/aiea
AAOO.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: iiaeeueiay onoaiiaea, aaciaia oooaiea, ecioa?ie/aneea
aieinoe, aeaoooaciay n?aaea, iaoaiaoe/aneia iiaeaee?iaaiea, oaeoe/aneia
iaania/aiea.

Iiaeienaii aei ae?oeo 15.01.99 ?.
Oi?iao 60×80 1\16

Ae?oe ?ecia?ao.
Oi. ae?oe. a?e. 1,25

Oe?aae 100
Aeae. ? 7 Cai. ? 11

__________________________________________________________________

OIIA IAN Oe?a?ie, 310023, i. Oa?e?a, aoe. *a?ieoaanueeiai, 94.

PAGE 14

OIOI AAOIIIA?Ess

2,0

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t, c

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0,8

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30

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180

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