IIIINOA?NOAI INAIOE OE?A?IE
Aea?aeaaiee oiiaa?neoao “Eueaianueea iieioaoiiea”
wmetafile8? ????????Z????????&??yyyy????MrEd?Microsoft
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II*AINUeEA
I?eia ss?ineaaiaia
OAeE 542.951.3:547.39.
?IC?IAEA INIIA OAOIIEIAI? IAeA?AEAIIss AE?EEIAEO
IIIIIA?IA C -EAEOIIIA
Niaoe?aeuei?noue 05.17.04. – Oaoiieiaiy i?iaeoeoia i?aaii/iiai neioaco
AAOI?AOA?AO
aeena?oaoei? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa oaoii/ieo iaoe
EUeAIA – 1999
Aeena?oaoei?th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia ia eaoaae?i oaoiieiai? i?aai?/ieo i?iaeoeo?a
Aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo “Euea?anueea iie?oaoi?ea”.
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee:Caneoaeaiee ae?y/ iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie, aeieoi?
oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, caa.eaoaae?e oaoiieia?? i?aai?/ieo i?iaeoeo?a,
AeO “Euea?anueea iie?oaoi?ea”
Iie?ee ?aaai Ieeieaeiae/
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:Caneoaeaiee ae?y/ iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie, aeieoi?
oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, i?ia?aeiee niaoe?ae?no AAO”Aaeie”,
i. Ae?iaiae/
Oaa/oe Aaneeue Onoeiiae/
eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe, ia/aeueiee oaoi?/iiai a?aeae?eo, eiioea?i
“I??aia”, i.Eaeoo
A?eion Ieaen?e ?aaiiae/
I?ia?aeia i?aai?caoe?y:?inoeooo a?io?aai?/ii? o?i?? oa iaooio?i?? IAI
Oe?a?ie, i.Ee?a
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “25 ” /a?aiy 1999 ?. i 15 iiaiae ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 35.052.07. o Aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao?
“Euea?anueea iie?oaoi?ea” ca aae?anith:
290646, Euea?a-13, ie.Na. TH?a 3/4, aoae.339.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e a?ae?ioaoe?
Aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo “Euea?anueea iie?oaoi?ea”
(aoe.I?ioani?nueea,1)
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaii “20 ” o?aaiy 1999 ?
A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii?
a/aii? ?aaee Ae 35.052.07,
aeieoi? o?i?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
A.I.AEeciaanueeee
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue ?iaioe. Iaeiei c aaaeeeaeo caaaeaiue o?i?/ii? iaoee oa
i?iieneiaino? ? a?eueo iiaia caaeiaieaiiy iio?aa ia?iaeiiai
ainiiaea?noaa Oe?a?ie a iiaeo ?a/iaeiao, iaea?aeaieo ia iniia?
aenieiiieaeoey?ieo niieoe. ?ica’ycaiiy iinoaaeaii? i?iaeaie o?nii
iia’ycaia c ?icaeoeii o?i?? ae?eeiaeo iieiia??a, ye? caaaeyee
ii?aeiaiith oaeeo ??aee?nieo aeanoeainoae ye i?ici??noue, na?oei-,
oaiei-, aoiinoa?ino?ee?noue, eaae?noue ia?iaee oa ?i., ciaeoee oe?iea
canoinoaaiiy a ??cieo aaeocyo i?iieneiaino? ? a iiaoo?.
Ia?niaeoeaieie a oeueiio ieai? ? ia o?eueee iio?aei? ae?eeiai?, aea
oaeiae ? -aee?eae?eeiaeo eeneio, ca?eueoaiiy ?aaeeeaeia a – ?
-iieiaeaii?, a oaeiae ca?eueoaiiy e?eueeino? ?aaeeeae?a a -iieiaeaii?, c
iaeiiai aei aeaio, ni?e/eiy? ci?io o?ceei-o?i?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee
iie?ia??a. I?aeae?ath/e iaaiei /eiii eiiiiiaioe ? ?o ni?aa?aeiioaiiy,
iiaeia iaea?aeoaaoe ni?aiie?ia?e c iaia?aaecaaeaieie aeanoeainoyie.
sseui ae?eeiao, iaoae?eeiao, a oaeiae e?ioiiiao eeneioe a?aeiinii eaaei
iaea?aeaoe ieeneaiiyi a?aeiia?aeieo aeueaeaa?ae?a, oi -aee?ee?ioiiia?
eeneioe iaei?ino?oa iaea?aeoaaoe c a?aeiia?aeieo -eaeoii?a.
E??i oiai, -eaeoiie iaeaaeaoue aei niieoe c iioaioe?eieie
aaeoa?eoeeaeieie aeanoeainoyie. Iniaeeai? oaaae caneoaiao?
-i?ii?ieaeoii, yeee aieiae?? noa?ee?coth/eie, aeecaio?eoth/eie oa
aioenaioe/ieie aeanoeainoyie.
I?ioa, a e?oa?aoo?? aeoaea neoii aena?oeaia oaoiieia?y i?ioeano
iaea?aeaiiy -eaeoii?a, a oaeiae a?aeiia?aeieo ae?eeiaeo eeneio oa
iio?aeieo ia ?o iniia?.
Iiaeeeaa canoinoaaiiy iiaeo iie?ia?ieo iaoa??ae?a ia iniia? e?ioiiiaeo
eeneio iaiaaeothoueny aenieith aa?o?noth ? o?oaei?ii?noth a?aeiieo
iaoiae?a iaea?aeaiiy -aee?ee?ioiiiaeo eeneio ? ?o iio?aeieo. Naia oiio
noai?aiiy aeiiii?/ieo iaoiae?a neioaco aeacaieo ?a/iaei ? aaaeeeaei
ia?iaeiiainiiaea?nueeei caaaeaiiyi.
Oaia ?iaioe a?aeiia?aea? iniiaiiio iai?yieo iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue
eaoaae?e oaoiieia?? i?aai?/ieo i?iaeoeo?a Aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo
“Euea?anueea iie?oaoi?ea”:”Oai?aoe/i? iniiae noai?aiiy aenieiaoaeoeaieo
?i?oe?thth/eo oa eaoae?oe/ieo nenoai aeey i?ioean?a naeaeoeaieo
ia?aoai?aiue i?aai?/ieo niieoe”.
Aaaeeea?noue ? aeooaeuei?noue aeaii? ?iaioe i?aeoaa?aeaeaia oei, ui aiia
aoea aeeth/aia aei i?iaeoo N 2.12.”?ic?iaeoe iia? ?a/iaeie aeey
oieiaeii? noa?ee?caoe??:-i?ii?ieaeoii” aaaaoiaaeocaai? iaoeiai-oaoi?/ii?
i?ia?aie “Iia? o?i?/i? ?a/iaeie ? iaoa??aee iaeioiiaaeiiai ae?iaieoeoaa
aeey cai?ie ?iii?oiaaieo”, ui aeeiioaaeany ca?aeii c ?icii?yaeaeaiiyi
Eaa?iaoo I?i?no??a Oe?a?ie a?ae 27.03.1993 N 899-? (N aea?ae?a?no?aoe??
0194U029570, oeo? II/”Eaeoii”).
Iaoa ?iaioe: ?ic?iaea iiai? aoaeoeaii? oaoiieia?? iaea?aeaiiy
-i?ii?ieaeoiio oa neeaaeieo ao???a 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia. Aeine?aeaeaii caeiiii??iino? i?ioeania iaea?aeaiiy
-i?ii?ieaeoiio oa aoa?eo?eaoe?? 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe nie?oaie.
Aia?-oa aeine?aeaeai? e?iaoe/i? caeiiii??iino? ?aaeoe?? a?ae?ie?co
-i?ii?ieaeoiio a oe?ieiio ae?aiacii? eiioeaio?aoe?e inoaiiueiai,
iniaeeaino? ?iceeaaeo 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio oa ?aaeoe?? aoa?eo?eaoe??
3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe nie?oaie. Cai?iiiiiaai? oa iaa?oioiaai?
e?iaoe/i? iiaeae? aeey ?aaeoe?e a?ae?ie?co -i?ii?ieaeoiio oa
aoa?eo?eaoe?? 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe.
Aia?oa iaea?aeai? oa ?aeaioeo?eiaai? neeaaei? ao??e oa ?io? iio?aei?
3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe.
I?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue ?iaioe. Noai?aii iniiae oaoiieia?? iaea?aeaiiy
-i?ii?ieaeoiio oa ao???a 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe. C aeei?enoaiiyi
e?iaoe/ii? iiaeae? aeeiiaia iioei?caoe?y i?ioeano iaea?aeaiiy ao???a
3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe. Cai?iiiiiaaii i?eioeeiiai oaoiieia?/ii noaie
iaea?aeaiiy -i?ii?ieaeoiio oa neeaaeieo ao???a 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai?
eeneioe. ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? i?e noai?aii?
i?iieneiai? oaoiieia?? iaea?aeaiiy ienei?ii?iiiai? eeneioe, ao???a
3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe.
Cai?iiiiiaaii iiaee niin?a iaea?aeaiiy /enoiai -i?ii?ieaeoiio.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Naiino?eia aeeiiaiiy aenia?eiaioaeueii?
/anoeie ?iaioe, eiii’thoa?ia ia?iaea aeaieo aenia?eiaioaeueieo
aeine?aeaeaiue, oi?ioethaaiiy iniiaieo oai?aoe/ieo iieiaeaiue ?iaioe.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe. Iniiaii ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe aeiiia?aeaeeny ia:
iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? “I?iaeaie i?aai?/iiai neioaco” (i.Euea?a, 1994),
iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? aei 150-??//y “Euea?anueei? iie?oaoi?ee”
(i.Euea?a,1994), 17 Oe?a?inuee?e eiioa?aioe?? c i?aai?/ii?
o?i??(i.Oa?e?a, 1995), eiioa?aioe?? “Euea?anuee? o?i?/i? /eoaiiy”
(i.Euea?a, 1997), 18 Oe?a?inuee?e eiioa?aioe?? c i?aai?/ii? o?i??
(i.Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, 1998).
Ioae?eaoe?? Ca oaiith aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe iioae?eiaaii 7 iaoeiaeo
noaooae o oaoiaeo aeo?iaeao ? 7 oac Anaoe?a?inueeeo oa ?aa?iiaeueieo
iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?e.
Ianya ? no?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe?? ?iaioa neeaaea?oueny c? anooio, i’yoe
?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo oeeoiaaii? e?oa?aoo?e, ui neeaaea?oueny c
105 iaca, aeiaeaoe?a ia 22 noi??ieao ? aeeeaaeaia ia 144 noi??ieao
iaoeiiieniiai iniiaiiai oaenoo c 15 ?enoieaie ? 28 oaaeeoeyie.
INIIAIEE CIINO ?IAIOE
O ia?oiio ?icaeiei ?icaeyiooi no/aniee noai oa ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo
aeine?aeaeaiue a iaeano? neioaco -eaeoii?a, -aee?ee?ioiiiaeo eeneio oa
iio?ae-ieo ia ?o iniia?, oaeeo ye: neeaaei? ao??e, oei?aia?ae?eaee,
ai?aee oa i?o?eee.
Iaaaaeaii e?eoe/iee aiae?c ii niiniaao iaea?aeaiiy aeuaaeacaieo ?a/iaei,
cie?aia -eaeoii?a, 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe oa a?ae?ie?co -eaeoii?a. Ia
iniia? iaeyaeo e?oa?aoo?e aecia/ai? oe?e? ? iniiai? caaaeaiiy
aeine?aeaeaiue.
Ae?oaee ?icae?e i?enay/aiee iienia? iaoiaeee aenia?eiaio?a, aiae?c?a oa
ia?iaee ?acoeueoao?a.
Iaaaaeaii iaoiaeeee neioaco -i?ii?ieaeoiio(-IE), 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio
(-AE), 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe (3-IEE) oa ?? iio?aeieo neeaaeieo
ao???a, oei?aia?ae?eae?a, ai?ae?a oa i?o?ee?a.
Aeey aecia/aiiy neeaaeo i?iaeoeo?a oa ?o /enoioe canoiniaoaaee
o?iiaoia?ao?/iee oa niaeo?ineii?/iee aiae?ce.
A e?iaoe/ieo aenia?eiaioao canoiniaoaaee iaoiae oeo?eiao?e/iiai aiae?co,
yeee aeicaieya ne?aeeoaaoe ca ci?iith eiioeaio?aoe?? ?aaaaio?a oa
i?i-aeoeo?a ?aaeoe??.
O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? ?icaeyioo? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue oiia
iaea?aeaiiy -i?ii?ieaeoiio ?aaeoe??th aca?iiae?? eaoaio c
oi?iaeueaeaa?aeii, o i?enooiino? eaoae?caoi??a oeio O??aeaey-E?aoona,
oaeeo ye: oei?eae oeeieo, eiiiiceoe?? oei?eae aethi?i?th-oei?eae oeeieo
? eiiiiceoe?? oei?eae aethi?i?th-oei?eae oeeieo-oei?eae cae?ca.
Ia?aaaaith cacia/aieo eaoae?caoi??a ? oa, ui aiie ia aeao?oeeoi?, aeia?a
?ic/eii? a aoeaoii?. Uia caiia?aoe ooai?aiith iia?/ieo
i?iaeoeo?a(ioeoiai? eeneioe oa ioeoiaiai aia?ae?eaeo), aaciaa noi?o
eaoaio c oi?iaeueaeaa?aeii iiia?aaeiuei i?ioiaeeoue /a?ac aeaa
aa?oeeaeuei? ? iine?aeiaii c’?aeiai? oieiaeeeueieee-eiiaeainaoi?e, ye?
caiiaiai? ianaaeeith Canoinoaaiiy oieiaeeeueiee?a-eiiaeainaoi??a ia? ia
iao? caanoe aei i?i?ioio i?ioiaeaeaiiy ?aaeoe?? aca?iiae?? eaoaio c
aiaeith a ?aaeoi?? iaea?aeaiiy -i?ii?ieaeoiio. Iieueia ni?aa?aeiioaiiy
eaoai : oi?iaeueaeaa?ae= 1:(1.31.4). Iieueia iiaea/a eaoaio -2.22.5
iieue/aiae; oi?iaeueaeaa?aeo- 2.93.5 iieue/aiae. Oaiia?aoo?a cae?eniaiiy
?aaeoe?? 273293 E.
Aeine?aeaeaii aieea iieueiiai ni?aa?aeiioaiiy eiiiiiaio?a eaoae?caoi?a
oa eiai eiioeaio?aoe?? ia eiiaa?n?th eaoaio oa naeaeoeai?noue
iaea?aeaiiy -i?ii?ieaeoiio (c ?ic?aooieo ia eaoai). Iaee?auith ?
eiiiiceoe?y oei?eae aethi?i?th-oei?eae oeeieo-oei?eae cae?ca (Oaae.1).
Ia iniia? iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a iioeiaeueieie aaaaea?ii
eiioeaio?aoe?th eaoae?caoi?a (1.11.4)103 iieue/aei3; iieueia
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy eiiiiiaio?a eaoae?caoi?a AlCl3:ZnCl2 =1:(0.2040.48);
AlCl3:ZnCl2:FeCl3 = 1:(0.2040.48):(0.040.06). A oeeo oiiaao aeo?ae
-i?ii?ieaeoiio noaiiaeoue 81.6%. Iaea?aeaiee oaeei niiniaii
-i?ii?ieaeoii ia? aenieo /enoioo ? i?noeoue a?ae 93.9 % aei 94.6 %
iniiaii? ?a/iaeie. ?ic?iaeaiee niin?a iaea?aeaiiy -i?ii?ieaeoiio aea?
iiaeeea?noue io?eiaoe -i?ii?ieaeoii, yeee ca?aeii c aeaieie,
i?eaaaeaieie a “Aldrich. Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals 1996-1997”
oa “Sigma. Aeioeie/aneea ?aaeoeau e ?aaeoeau aeey enneaaeiaaiee a
iaeanoe anoanoaaiiuo iaoe. 1998” a?aeiia?aea? aeiiaai aei oaoi?/iiai
-i?ii?ieaeoiio ? ia aeiaaa? aeiaeaoeiai? i/enoee. Uia ia?aeiiaoeny a
aeioe?eueiino? canoinoaaiiy oieiaeeeueiee?a-eiiaeainaoi??a a oaae.2
i?eaaaeai? ii??aiyeuei? iaoa??aeuei? aaeaine c canoinoaaiiyi ??cieo noai
iaea?aeaiiy -i?ii?ieaeoiio (c 2-ia oieiaeeeueieeaie-eiiaeainaoi?aie, c
iaeiei oieiaeeeueieeii-eiiaeainaoi?ii ? aac
oieiaeeeueieea-eiiaeainaoi?a).
Oaaeeoey 1.
Aieea eiioeaio?aoe?? oa iieueiiai ni?aa?aeiioaiiy AlCl3:ZnCl2:FeCl3 ia
eiiaa?nith eaoaio oa naeaeoeai?noue -i?iiiieaeoiio
(Iieueia niiaaiaeiioaiiy eaoai:oi?iaeueaeaaiae = 1:(1.31.4))
ia’?i aoeaoiiiaiai ?ic/eio eaoaeicaoi?a 0.410-3i3;
aiino oi?iaeueaeaaiaeo a ia?aoi?iaeueaeaaiaei – 95.0 % ian.;
o?eaaeinoue ?aaeoei? -1 aiae, oaiia?aoo?a -293 E)
Eii-oeaio-?aoeiy eaoae?Iieueia niiaaiaeiioai-iy
eiiiiiaio?aEiiaa?c?y eaoaio, %
Naeaeoea-iinoue
-IE,Naeae-oea-iinoue
-IE,*en-oioa -IE, Caee-oie iiney aeaei-caoi?a 103,
iieue/ aei3eaoae?caoi?a AlCl3:ZnCl2:
FeCl3ia ?aae-oeith c aiaeithia ?aae-oeith c
oi?iaeueaeaaiaeoicaaa-eueia%iiney eiai aeaei-eaiiy,%%eaiiy -IE,
%1:0.204:0.0014.6081.4096.0091.4080.9094.610.801:0.204:0.0212.9084.4097.
3090.0078.1094.18.8011.01:0.204:0.0316.1082.2098.3093.2080.8094.09.601:0
.204:0.0415.0082.1097.1094.0582.5094.010.301:0.204:0.0616.2081.8098.0094
.7081.6094.217.501:0.204:0.0815.5082.1097.6093.1079.6094.112.801:0.204:0
.1014.5082.2096.6092.3077.4093.914.501:0.204:0.2016.2080.9097.2090.2076.
0094.217.501:0.000:0.0416.1063.6079.7017.20—14.01:0.204:0.0413.8082.80
96.6093.6079.9094.213.4018.51:0.204:0.0413.0084.7097.7093.4072.2093.915.
40sse aeaeii c aeaieo oaae.2., aeei?enoaiiy
oieiaeeeueiee?a-eiiaeainaoi??a, cia/ii ca?eueoo? naeaeoeai?noue i?ioeano
? /enoioo -i?ii?ieaeoiio, ca ?aooiie oiai, ui ?aOaaeeoey 2.
Ii??aiyeuei? iaoa??aeuei? aaeaine i?ioeano iaea?aeaiiy -i?ii?ieaeoiio
i?e iioeiaeueieo oiiaao
(Iieueia ni?aa?aeiioaiiy eaoai:oi?iaeueaeaa?ae=1:(1.31.4), iiaea/a
eaoaio – 97.0 a/aiae; oaiia?aoo?a 288293 E;
/an ?aaeoe?? – 1 aiae; eiioeaio?aoe?y eaoae?caoi?a 0.011 iieue/aei3;
iieueia ni?aa?aeiioaiiy AlCl3:ZnCl2:FeCl3= 1:0.204:0.04)
Eiiaa?n?y eaoaio, %Na-eae- oea-Aeo?ae-IE, %*en-oioa-
Neeaae eiiaeainaoo,%Ai?no eoaiaiai caeeoeo i?ney aeae?eaiiy -IE,%
Ao?aoe
-i?ii?ieaeoiio,
%ia
?aa-eoe?th c ai-ia
?aa-eoe?th c oi?- caaa-eueiai?noue ia aec- ia/aIE,
%oieiaeeeueiee-eiiaeainaoi? 1oieiaeeeueiee-eiiaeainaoi? 2
AIEae-nieieeiey/?noia?iiia ooai?ai-iy AIEiie?ia?e-caoe?tha
aoeaoii?no-ia?-ii aeithiaeueaeaa?-aeiiiee -IE
%ioe-oiaa
e-oaoi?-iaeue-aeaa?aeioe-oiaa
e-oaoi?-iaeue-aeaa?ae
i?i-aeoeoe16.380.496.794.283.294.314.0127.024.815.021.710.111.81.956.142
.1310.210.880.691.494.677.489.711.112.1–10.613.023.65.779.841.0216.6–7
9.995.565.680.9—-23.514.337.812.814.37.3034.4I?ei?oee:1. Ai?no
ioeoiai? eeneioe a eiiaeainaoao i?ney oieiaeeeueiee?a-eiiaeainaoi??a
ia?a?aoiaaia (a % ) ia eaoai ii a?aeiioaiith aei iiaeaiiai a ?aaeoi?.
2. Ai?no oi?iaeueaeaa?aeo a eiiaeainaoao i?ney
oieiaeeeueiee?a-eiiaeainaoi??a ?ic?aoiaaii ii a?aeiioaiith ia iiaeaiee a
?aaeoe?th.3. Eoaiaee caeeoie a i?ioeaioiiio a?aeiioaii? aei aecia/aiiai
-i?ii?ieaeoiio a ?aaeoe?ei?e ian?.
4.AIE – aoeaoienei?ii?iiiaa eeneioa
aeoe?y aca?iiae?? eaoaio c aiaeith i?ioiaeeoue ia a ?aaeoi?? neioaco, a
o oieiaeeeueieeao-eiiaeainaoi?ao. Oaeiae ciaioo?oueny eieueeinoue
aenieieeiey/eo i?iaeoeo?a i?ae /an aeae?eaiiy -i?ii?ieaeoiio c
?aaeoe?eii? iane. Ooai?ai? iia?/i? i?iaeoeoe (ioeoiaa eeneioa oa ??
aia?ae?eae) aeaiaeyoueny c ciie ?aaeoe?? ? ia caa?oaeiththoue
-i?ii?ieaeoii. E??i oiai, a oieiaeeeueieeao-eiiaeainaoi?ao
eiiaeaino?oueny /anoeia aoeaoiio, yeee aeiineoueny c eaoaiieo
aaia?aoi??a aacaie i??ie?co.
A?aeiii, ui -i?ii?ieaeoii oe?iei canoiniao?oueny aeey noa?ee?caoe??,
eii-na?aaoe??, aeaceioaeoe?? o aeaeyae? iecueeieiioeaio?iaaieo aiaeieo
?ic/ei?a, a -ienei?ii?iiiao eeneioo, io?eiaio a ?acoeueoao? a?ae?ie?co,
iiaeia eaaei aeaa?ae?aooaaoe aei ae?eeiai? eeneioe. Aeine?aeaeaii
e?iaoe/i? caeiiii??iino? ?aaeoe?? a?ae?ie?co -i?ii?ieaeoiio, a oe?ieiio
ae?aiacii? eiioeaio?aoe?e.
Aiae?ieic cae?enithaaee a aeenoeeueiaaiie aiaei ( c ii/aoeiaei ?I
=6.87.0) a ae?aiacii? oaiia?aoo? 303333 E i eiioeaio?aoeiyo 0.13, 0.26,
0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.5, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0 ? 10.0 iieue/aei3. Ca
i?ioiaeaeaiiyi ?aaeoei? aiae?ieico neiae-eoaaee ca aeo?aoith
-i?iiiieaeoiio oa iaa?iiaaeaeaiiyi -ienei?iiii-iiai? eeneioe.
Oaaeeoey 3.
Eiiaoe/ii ia?aiao?e aiae?ieico -i?iiiieaeoiio
Eiioeaio?aoe?y,Oaiia?aoo?a, Eiieue/aei3303313323333wmetafile8?
????????????? ???????????yyy????.????1??????
??????? `???&?
?MathType??p????A?y???u?th??????107,wmetafile8?
??F??????????? ???????????yyy????.????1??????
???????a????&??MathType??a????u????????????-?????›
????›TH???Ui???u?th??????1.kao – aoaeoeaia eiinoaioa
oaeaeeino?.
2. kae – ae?enia eiinoaioa oaeaeeino?.
Ineieueee aeineiaeaeoaaeany aiiieaeoey?ia ?aaeoeiy a oiiaao aaeeeiai
iaaeeeoeo aiaee, ia?oi eiiaoe/ii ?ic?aooiee ?iaeee aeey ?aaeoei? ia?oiai
ii?yaeeo. Oi/a eiiaoe/ii e?eai iiaoaeiaaii ca aenia?eiaioaeueieie
aeaieie i ni?yieththoueny a eii?aeeiaoao ln [C-ie]-t, aea ?ic?aoiaaii
kao ia ? i iinoieieie i?e ?icieo ii/aoeiaeo eiioeaio?aoeiyo (Oaae.3), ui
aeaco? ia oa, ui oi?iaeueiee ii?yaeie ?aaeoei? ? aieueoei aiae 1.
Iiaoaeoaaaoe a?aoi/io caeaaeiinoue kao – [Caiaee]02 (?en.1),aa/eii, ui
oaiaain eooa iaoeeo yeeo ? ae?enia eiinoaioa oaeaeeino?:
wmetafile8? ??«???????????
???????????yyy????.????1????????????? `???&?
?MathType??0???u????????????-?????»????»8???@?????u
?th??????a naia ?aaeoe?y a?ae?ie?co iieno?oueny ??aiyiiyi o?aoueiai
ii?yaeeo:
wmetafile8? ?????????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????a?.???&?
?MathType??a????u????????????-?????›???› ???
????u?th???????ica’ycie yeiai ia? aeaeyae:
wmetafile8? ??n???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????a`’???&?
?MathType??@???u????????????-?????U???UK???U???
U????Ua???U¦%???` ????u?th?????? wmetafile8?
????????????? ???????????yyy????.????1??????
???????`A???&??MathType??
???u????????????-?????›????›th
??? ????u?th??????
?en.1.Ni?yieaiiy e?eaeo caeaaeiino? Eao a?ae ii/aoeiai? eiioeaio?aoe??
-i?ii?ieaeoiio i?e ??cieo oaiia?aoo?ao.
?ic?aoiaaii aia?aith aeoeaaoei? oa ia?aaeaeniiiaioe?eiee iiiaeiee
?aaeoei? aiae?ieico -i?iiiieaeoiio , ye? a?aeiia?aeii aei??aiththoue 78
eAeae/ iieue ? 18.37109 aei3 (iieue-2 n-1).
A /aoaa?oiio ?icae?e? ?icaeyiooi oiiae iaea?aeaiiy
3-iaoee–aooe?i-eaeoiio ?aaeoe??th aca?iiae?? eaoaio c aoeaoiiii,
3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe oa ?? iioiaeieo: aoi?ia, oei?aiaiae?eaeo,
aiiaeo oa iio?eeo, a oaeiae e?iaoe/i? caeiiii??iino? ?iceeaaeo
3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio oa aoa?eoieaoei? 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe
cie?oaie.
?aaeoe?y aca?iiae?? eaoaio c eaoiiaie aeiaaa? a?eueo aeoeai?oeo
eaoae?caoi??a oa ieae/eo oaiia?aoo?. Iaee?auei eaoae?caoi?ii neioaco
3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio ? ao??ao o?eooi?enoiai ai?o; oaiia?aoo?a ?aaeoe??
263273 E. Eiioeaio?aoe?y eaoae?caoi?a 0.0640.084 iieue/aei3.
Aeae?ey?oueny 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoii c ?aaeoe?eii? noi?o? oeyoii
?aeoeo?eaoe?? i?ae aaeooiii ia a?eueoei, i?ae 1.33 eIa. Aeo?ae
3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio – 86 % ian. I?e eiioeaio?aoe?yo eaoae?caoi?a
iaioa 0.064 iieue/aei3, aeo?ae 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio cieaeo?oueny aei
55 % ian.
3-Iaoee–aooe?ieaeoii, ia a?aei?io a?ae -i?ii?ieaeoiio, a i?enooiino?
aiaee ia a?ae?ie?co?oueny, a ?iceeaaea?oueny aei aeeieneaeo aoaeaoeth oa
?ciaooeeaio. I?e aaaaeaii? ae?oaiai cai?nieea a -iieiaeaiiy
a?aeaoaa?oueny iiaea?eia ?ic?eaaiiy eaeoiiiiai e?eueoey, naia oiio
aeecai?uai? -i?ii?ieaeoiie ? iaio noaa?eueieie niieoeaie, ii??aiyii,
iai?eeeaae, c iaeiicai?uaieie -i?ii?ieaeoiiaie ? ?o ?aaeoe?eio
caeaoi?noue, a i?eioeei?, aaaeei aecia/eoe aacoth/enue eeoa ia ?aaeoe??
c aiaeith. Oe? iniaeeaino? -eaeoii?a iaaaoeaii aieeaathoue ia neioace, a
yeeo aiie aa?ooue o/anoue, cia/ii ciaiooth/e aeo?ae oe?eueiaeo
i?iaeoeo?a.
Aea/aii e?iaoeeo ?iceeaaeo 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoii o aiaeieo ?ic/eiao.
Iiia?aaei? aenia?eiaioe iieacaee, ui eiioeaio?aoe?y
3-iaoee–aooe?ieae-oiio ia aieeaa? ia oaeaee?noue ?iceeaaeo. Ii/aoeiaa
eiioeaio?aoe?y -eaeoiio 0.05 iieue/aei3. Oaiia?aoo?a – 273, 278, 283,
298 E.
Anoaiiaeaii, ui 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoii i?e oaiia?aoo?ao aeueo, i?ae 343 E
i?aeaea?oueny oa?i?/iiio ?iceeaaeo, a ?acoeueoao? yeiai ooai?ththoueny
aeeieneae aoaeaoeth ? ?ciaooeeai. Oiio e??i ?aaeoe?? ?iceeaaeo
3-iaoee–aooe?i-eaeoiio o aiaeieo ?ic/eiao, aoei aeine?aeaeaii e?iaoeeo
oa?i?/iiai ?iceeaaeo 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio. I?e oa?i?/iio ?iceeaae?
eaeoiio oae, ye ? a i?enooiino? aiaee, iniiaieie i?iaeoeoaie ? aeeieneae
aoaeaoeth oa ?ciaooeeai. Oa?i?/iee ?iceeaae aeine?aeaeoaaee i?e 343,
353, 363, 373 E. Ii/aoeiaa eiioeaio?aoe?y 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio 9.92
iieue/aei3 (Oaae.4).
Oaaeeoey 4.
E?iaoe/i? ia?aiao?e ?aaeoe?? ?iceeaaeo 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio
o aiaeieo ?ic/eiaoOaiia?aoo?aEEiinoaioa oaeaeeino?,
n-1* 104*an iai?a-?iceeaaeo, cAia?a?y aeoeaaoe??,
eAeae/iieueIa?aaeaenii-iaioe?eiee iiiaeee ei,
c-12732.12313322785.011382493.8119.3101328312.01574229843.191602oa?i?/ie
e ?iceeaae3432.2327773534.65146179.8932.810113639.7668737321.13288
C ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue aeieeaa?, ui ?aaeoe?y ?ic?eeaaeo
3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio i?aeii?yaeeiao?oueny caeiiai aeey ?aaeoe??
ia?oiai ii?yaeeo. Eiinoaioe oaeaeeino? ?aaeoe?? ?iceeaaeo
3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio, /an iai?a?iceeaaeo oa aeoeaaoe?ei? ia?aiao?e
iiaeaii a Oaae. 4.
Ioaea, aaciina?aaei? canoinoaaiiy 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio a i?aai?/ieo
neioacao eiiioo?oueny i?enooiinoth aiaee oa aenieeie oaiia?aoo?aie. Oiio
aeey neioacia aeioeieueii canoiniaoaaoe ia 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoii, a
3-iaoeee?ioiiiao eeneioo.
3-Iaoeee?ioiiiao eeneioo (3-IEE) iaea?aeoaaee c 3-iaoee–aooe?ieae-oiio
a i?enooiino? oei?enoiai aiaeith o aeaeyae? 15%-ii? nieyii? eeneioe.
I?ioean cae?enithaaee ianooiiei /eiii: aei caoieiaeaeaii? aei 273 E 15
%-ii? nieyii? eeneioe iinooiiai aeieeaaee 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoii c oaeith
oaeaee?noth, uia oaiia?aoo?a a ?aaeoi?? aoea ia aeua 283 E. Iieueia
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy -eaeoii:INl=1:1.5. A?aeoae ?aaeoe?eio iano iaa??aaee aei
373 E i?ioyaii 510 oa ? iio?i ??cei ioieiaeaeoaaee aei 273285 E aeey
e?enoae?caoe?? 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe. Oaeo iine?aeiai?noue iia?aoe?e
“iaa-??aaiiyioieiaeaeaiiy” i?iaiaeeee aeioe, iiee niinoa??aaany i?ioean
e?en-oae?caoe?? eeneioe. Iaea?aeaio eeneioo i?iieaaee oieiaeiith aiaeith
aei a?aenoo-iino? ?ii?a oei?o ? nooeee i?e 327 E. Aeo?ae
3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe 73%.
Aeine?aeaeaii e?iaoe/i? caeiiii??iino? ?aaeoe?? aoa?eo?eaoe??
3-iaoeee?i-oiiiai? eeneioe ia i?eeeaae? aoa?eo?eaoe?? oe??? eeneioe
1-aooaiieii a i?e-nooiino? eeneioieo eaoae?caoi??a: i?oioinoi?ii?
eeneioe (H3PO4), i-oieoienoeueoieeneioe (i-ONE), n??/aii? eeneioe
(H2SO4) oa 1-a?ae?iene-i?iiai-3-noeueoieeneioe (IINE). E?iaoe/i?
aeineiaeaeaiiy ?aaeoe?? aoa?eo?eaoe?? 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe c
1-aooaiieii a i?enooiino? eeneioieo eaoae?caoi??a iieacothoue, ui
eaoae?caoi?e ?c ciaioaiiyi eiinoaioe oaeaeeino? i?yii? ?aaeoe?? e1
iiaeia ?icoaooaaoe a ?yae: IINE>H2SO4>i-ONE> H3PO4.
Iaea?aeaiiy ao???a 3-iee a i?enooiino? I2SO4 aai IINE oneeaaeith?oueny
cia/iei iniieaiiy iiae /an ?o aeaeieaiiy oa ei?ic??th iaeaaeiaiiy, oiio
ye eaoae?caoi? a ianooiieo aeine?aeaeaiiyo aeei?enoiaoaaee i-ONE, yea
i?e ioieiaeaeaii? eaaei aee?enoae?ciao?oueny c ?aaeoe?eii? noi?o?.
Anoaiiaeaiiyi caaaeueiiai ii?yaeeo ?aaeoe?? aoa?eo?eaoe?? 3-IEE,
eaoae?ciaaii? i-ONE, iaoiaeii ?cieyoe?? ciaeaeaii, ui ?aaeoe?y 3-IEE c
1-aooaiieii ? cai?ioiueith ?aaeoe??th ae?oaiai ii?yaeeo:
CH3 OH
E?
CH3 C=CH C = O + CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 OH
CH3 O(CH2)3CH3
CH3 C =CH C = O + H2O (4)
Eiinoaioe ??aiiaaae ?ic?aoiaai? ca ??aiiaaaeieie eiioeaio?aoe?yie
?aaaaio?a oa i?iaeoeo?a. Aiie ia ? iino?eiith aaee/eiith, ye
i/?eoaaeiny, a e?i?eii caeaaeeoue a?ae eiioeaio?aoe?? i-ONE.
E?i?eia caeaaei?noue E? a?ae [i-ONE], iaiaaii, iaoiiaeaia ca’ycoaaiiyi,
ooai?thaaii? a oiae? ?aaeoe?? aiaee c i-ONE:
i-ONE + H2O K (5).
A?aeiia?aeii a nenoai? 3-IEEnie?o i?e aeacaiiio ni?aa?aeiioaii?
?aaaaio?a o i?enooiino? i-ONE, a?aeaoaathoueny ianooii? i?ioeane:
ooai?aiiy ao??o (4) ? aca?iiae?y i-ONE c aiaeith (5).
Aeine?aeaeaia aoa?eo?eaoe?y 3-iee 1-aooaiieii a i?enooiino? i-one i?e
iieueiiio ni?aa?aeiioaii? aeo?aeieo ?aaaaio?a 1:2; 1:4 oa eiioeaio?aoe??
eaoaeicaoi?a 0.1; 0.2; 0.4 iieue/aei3. Ciaeaeaii, ui ca?eueoaiiy
iieueiiai ni?aa?aeiioaiiy 3-IEE:1-aooaiie a ?aaeoe?ei?e ian? , ca?eueoo?
??no aeeaeie ia?aoai?aiiy 3-IEE, i?ioa aaee/eia eiinoaioe ??aiiaaae,
ciaeaeaia a?ao?/ii, caeeoa?oueny iino?eiith. Oea i?aeoaa?aeaeothoue ?
ei?aeyoe?ei? ??aiyiiy i?yieo, iaea?aeai? ia?iaeith aenia?eiaioaeueieo
aeaieo aeeoa?aioe?eiei iaoiaeii, ye? iathoue aeaeyae:
aeey iieueiiai ni?aa?aeiioaiiy 3-IEE:1-aooaiie = 1:2:
K?= 0.14 + 1.482[i-ONE] (6)
aeey iieueiiai ni?aa?aeiioaiiy 3-IEE:1-aooaiie = 1:4:
K?= 0.07+ 0.42[i-ONE] (7)
A aeaiiio aeiaaeeo, oaeiae ia? i?noea c?inoaiiy eiinoaioe ??aiiaaae K?
?c ca?eueoaiiyi eiioeaio?aoe?? eaoae?caoi?a a?ae 0.1 aei 0.4 iieue/aei3,
yea ia? e?i?eiee oa?aeoa?.
Aea/aii aieea aoaeiae nie?oo ia e?iaoeeo ?aaeoei aoa?eo?eaoe?? 3-IEE
(Oaae.5).
Oaaeeoey 5.
E?iaoe/i? ia?aiao?e aoa?eo?eaoe?? 3-IEE nie?oaie (O=333 E, iieueia
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy 3-IEE:nie?o=1:4,eiioeaio?aoe?y i-ONE- 0.4 iieue/aei3)
Eiinoaioe oaeaeeinoae
Nie?o
E?i?yii? ?aaeoe??
e1105,
iieue(aei3 n)-1cai?ioiuei? ?aaeoe?? e-1105,
iieue(aei3 n)-1
*Iaoaiie2.1406.93540.043.24010.030.000Aoaiie0.7445.28140.047.09390.05-0.
1001-I?iiaiie0.3311.42290.034.31030.03-0.1152-I?iiaiie0.0630.43860.036.9
8420.02-0.1901-Aooaiie0.3301.46050.054.40420.05-0.1302-Aooaiie0.0140.602
10.024.14810.06-0.3002-Iaoeei?iiaiie0.1490.11210.057.52940.04-0.1651-Iai
oaiie0.0840.47690.065.65440.04-0.225
Anoaiiaeaii, ui nooo?aa ciaioaiiy oaeaeeino? aoa?eo?eaoe??,
niinoa??aa?oueny eeoa i?e ia?aoiae? a?ae iaoaiieo aei aoaiieo ( a 3
?ace). Iiaeaeueoa ca?eueoaiiy aee?eueiiai eaioethaa nie?oo a?ae N2I5 aei
N5I9 aeeeeea? eeoa iacia/ia iiieaeaiiy eiinoaioe oaeaeeino? ?aaeoe??.
I?e ia?aoiae? a?ae ia?aeiiiai aei ?icaaeoaeaiiai ?aaeeeaeo oaeaee?noue
aoa?eoieaoe?? iii?oii ciaioo?oueny.
Aieea aoaeiae nie?oo ia eiinoaioo E? aoa?eo?eaoe?? 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai?
eeneioe nie?oaie iieno?oueny iaea?aeaiei iaie ei?aeyoe?eiei ??aiyiiyi
Oaooa:
lg K? = 0.33 + 4.18* (8)
Eiao?oe??io ei?aeyoe?? r*=0.995. Aeiaeaoi? cia/aiiy eiinoaioe *a
??aiyii? (8) iieaco?, ui ii i??? iiaeiaaeaiiy ? ?icaaeoaeaiiy aee?eueii?
a?oie a iieaeoe? nie?oo, oiaoi c iineaaeaiiyi ?iaeoeoe?eiiai aoaeoo (I+)
E?, ciaioo?oueny (Oaae.5).
Ia/eneai? aeoeaaoe?ei? ia?aiao?e iaea?aeaieo neeaaeieo ao???a
3-iaoee-e?ioiiiai? eeneioe.
Ia iniia? i?iaaaeaieo e?iaoe/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue anoaiiaeaii iioeiaeuei?
oiiae ?aaeoe?? aoa?eo?eaoe?? 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe c acaio?iiiith
a?aeaiieith aiaee, a naia: iieueia ni?aa?aeiioaiiy 3-IEE:nie?o:aaicie =
1:4:3, eiioeaio?aoe?y i-ONE 0.4 iieue/aei3 i?e oaiia?aoo?? 383403 E. I?e
oeeo oiiaao cae?enithaaee aoa?eo?eaoe?th 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe
1-i?iiaiieii, 1-aooaiieii, 1-iaioaiieii. *an cae?eniaiiy ?aaeoe?? 67
aiae.
Anoaiiaeaii, ui i?e aeuacacia/aieo iioeiaeueieo oiiaao, ?aaeoe?y
aoa?eo?eaoe?? 3-IEE aoi?eiieie nie?oaie (2-i?iiaiieii,
2-iaoeei?iiaii-eii, 2-aooaiieii) i?ioiaeeoue aeoaea iia?eueii, oiio
?aaeoe?th cae?enithaaee i?e iieueiiio ni?aa?aeiioaiii ?aaaaio?a:
3-IEE:nie?o : aaicie =1:4:12. *an cae?eniaiiy ?aaeoe?? 69 aiae.
Iaoeeiaee oa aoeeiaee ao??e 3-IEE iaea?aeoaaee i?yiith aoa?eo?eaoe??th
i?e iieueiiio ni?aa?aeiioaii? 3-IEE:nie?o =1:8. Aeo?ae ao???a 3-IEE
neeaaeaa 9097 % ian.
E??i oiai, aeine?aeaeaii iaea?aeaiiy ?ioeo iio?aeieo 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai?
eeneioe, oaeeo ye oei?aia?ae?eae, i?o?ee oa ai?ae, iaaaaeai? oiiae ?o
neioaco, anoaiiaeai? o?ceei-o?i?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee.
Oei?aia?ae?eae 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe iaea?aeoaaee ?aaeoe??th
aca?iiae?? 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe c oei?enoei o?ii?eii o ?aaeoi?? c
e?aiaeueiith ai?iieith. A ?aaeoi? ai?uaee 3-iaoeee?ioiiiao eeneioo ?
aeiaeaaaee i?ioyaii 1.5 aiae oei?enoee o?ii?e i?e oaiia?aoo?? 330333 E.
*an ?aaeoe?? 34 aiae. I?ney cae?i/aiiy ?aaeoe?? a?aeaaiyee
iai?i?aaaiaaiee oei?enoee o?ii?e. I/euaiiy oei?aia?ae?eaeo cae?enithaaee
aaeooiiith ?aeoeo?eaoe??th. *enoioo i?iaeoeoo aecia/aee aiae?cii ia
aeoeaiee oei?. Aeo?ae i?iaeoeoo 73%.
Ai?ae 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe iaea?aeoaaee aiiiie?cii oei?aia?ae?eaeo.
?aaeoe?th cae?enithaaee a na?aaeiaeu? iaoeeaioei?eaeo i?e oaiia?aoo??
303313 E, i?iioneath/e i?ioyaii 3 aiae aaciiiae?aiee ai?ae i iaeii/anii
aeiaeaaaee oei?aia?ae?eae 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe. A?aeo?eueo?iaoaaee
oei?eae aiii?th, a?aeaaiyee ?ic/eiiee, a iaea?aeaiee ai?ae aea?/?
ia?ae?enoae?ciaoaaee c oei?ioi?io. Aeo?ae i?iaeoeoo 51%. Oaiia?aoo?a
ieaaeaiiy ai?aeo 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe noaiiaeoue 380382 E.
I?o?ee 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe iaea?aeoaaee ?aaeoe??th aeaa?ae?aoaoe??
ai?aeo 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe, a ?aaeoi?? c i?oaeeith eoaee ai?uaee
aea?aaeaioi? e?eueeino? ai?aeo ? ieneaeo oinoi?o (V). ?aaeoe?eio noi?o
iaa??-aaee i?ioyaii 1.52 aiae i?e ia?ai?ooaaii? aei 343 E, iio?i
i?aeaeaaaee ?? aaeooii?e a?aeaiioe?. Aeo?ae i?iaeoeoo 50%
?aeaioeo?eaoe?th iaea?aeaieo i?iaeoeo?a i?iaiaeeee o?iiaoia?ao?/iei oa
niaeo?ineii?/iei aiae?cii.
A i’yoiio ?icae?e? ?icaeyioo? oaoiieia?/i? aniaeoe i?ioeano iaea?aeaiiy
-i?ii?ieaeoiio oa neeaaeieo ao???a 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe.
?ic?aoiaaii iaoa??aeueiee aaeain i?ioean?a iaea?aeaiiy -i?iiiieaeoiio oa
neeaaeieo ao???a 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe (ia i?eeeaae? aooeeiaiai
ao?-?o 3-IEE). Anoaiiaeaii iioeiaeuei? oiiae cae?eniaiiy ?aaeoe?e.
Neioac -i?ii?ieaeoiio cae?enith?oueny a aia?ao? eieiiiiai oeio (iic.1),
caiiaiaiiai ianaaeeith ?c ci??aeeiaei oieiaeeeueieeii, ca aeiiiiiaith
yeiai i?aeo?eiothoue oaiia?aoo?o a aia?ao? 288293 E (aeea.?en.3).
Iiia?aaeiuei aaciaa noi?o eaoaio c oi?iaeueaeaa?aeii i?ioiaeeoue /a?ac
aeaa iine?aeiaii c’?aeiai? ianaaei/i? eieiie iic.1-2, caiiaiai?
ianaaeeith ?ao?aa oa ci??aeeiaei oieiaeeeueieeii, ca aeiiiiiaith yeeo a
eieiiao i?aeo?eio?oueny oaiia?aoo?a 278293 E. A oeeo ianaaei/ieo eieiiao
a?aeaoaa?oueny ?aaeoe?y aca?iiae?? eaoaio c aiaeith, c ooai?aiiyi
ioeoiai? eeneioe oa ?? aia?ae?eaeo, ye? aacia?a?aii aeaiaeyoueny c
eieiie, a oaeiae /anoeiaa eiiaeainaoe?y ia??a aoeaoiio, ye? aeiinyoueny
aacaie i??ie?co c eaoaiiaeo aaia?aoi??a.
Eaoai ?acii c oi?iaeueaeaa?aeii iiaeathoue a ieaeith /anoeio ?aaeoi?a
iic.3, yeee ioieiaeaeo?oueny ?icnieii. Aoeaoiiiaee ?ic/ei eaoae?caoi?a
?c ca??ieea iic.6 iinooia? a oee?eoeyoe?eiee iio?e, ? iiaea?oueny o
aa?oith /anoeio ?aaeoi?a. Aaciaa noi?o eaoaio c oi?iaeueaeaa?aeii
?ooa?oueny i?ioeoieii aei oee?eoeyoe?eiiai iioieo. Iai?i?aaaiaai? eaoai,
oi?iaeueaeaa?ae, a oaeiae ia?e iaoaio, aoeaoiio ? i?iaeoeo?a ?aaeoe??, c
?aaeoi?a iic.3 iinooiathoue a oieiaeeeueiee-eiiaeainaoi? iic.4,
naia?aoi? iic.5, aea ?icae?eythoueny aaciaa oa ??aeea oace. ??aeea oaca
caaa?oa?oueny iacaae o ?aaeoi?, a iai?i?aaaiaaiee oi?iaeueaeaa?ae,
eaoai, iaoai oa ne?aee ia??a ??aeeeo i?iaeoeo?a /a?ac nai?oa?io eieiio
aeaiaeeoueny a aoiinoa?o. ?aaeoe?eia iana c ieaeiuei? /anoeie ?aaeoi?a
iic.3 iinooia? a ?ii?noue iic.7, c yei? iaeia /anoeia ianinii (iic.8)
caaa?oa?oueny iacaae ia oee?eoeyoe?th, a ae?oaa /anoeia iinooia? o
aeia?io eieiio iic.9, aea i?ae aaeooiii 0.7 eIa a?aeaaiythoue aoeaoii, a
eoaiaee caeeoie eieiie iic.9, /a?ac oaieiiai?iiee iic.101 o eieiio
iic.13. Caa?oo eieiie iic.12 aeoiaeeoue -i?ii?ieaeoii c ai?noii iniiaii?
?a/iaeie 9394 % ian, yeee iiaeathoue a eieiio iic.13 aeey iaea?aeaiiy
-i?ii?ieaeoiio-?aeoeo?eaoa (ia ieae/a 97.5%), a eoa eieiie iic.13 – oea
aenieieeiey/? i?iaeoeoe, ye? iinooiathoue ia ooee?caoe?th. Eieiia
a?aeaiiee aoeaoiio iic.9, a oaeiae ?aeoeo?eaoe?ei? eieiie iic.12 ? 13
iathoue oieiaeeeueieee-aeaoeaaiaoi?e iic.11 oa eei’yoeeueieee iic.10.
I?ioean iaea?aeaiiy neeaaeieo ao???a 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe
?icaeyiooi ia i?eeeaae? iaea?aeaiiy aooeeiaiai ao??o 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai?
eeneioe cae?eniththoue ianooiiei /eiii (?en.4): o noaeueiee aiaeueiaaiee
aia?ao iic.5, iaeaaeiaiee ni?i/eith, i?oaeeith ? oa?iiia?ith,
caaaioaaeothoue c i??iee?a iic.1, 2, 3, 4 a?aeiia?aeii aaicie (aai
oieoie), nie?o (1-aooaiie), 3-iaoee-e?ioiiiao eeneioo oa i-ONE (ca
aecia/aiei iieueiei ni?aa?aeiioaiiyi). ?aaeoe?eia iana i?e ia?ai?ooaaii?
iaa??aa?oueny ia?ith aei oaiia?aoo?e 383403 E. Ia?a, ui ooai?th?oueny a
?acoeueoao? eei?iiy noi?o?, ni?yiiao?oueny a naia?aoi? iic.7 ?
oieiaeeeueiee iic.61 ia ?icae?eaiiy aiaeyiiai ? aaicieueiiai oa??a.
Aa?oi?e (i?aai?/iee) oa? ?aoee?eoeth? a ?aaeoi? iic.5, a ieaei?e
(aiaeyiee) i?ney aei??thaaiiy e?eueeino? acaio?iiii? aiaee ceeaa?oueny a
i?iinoiee aeey ianooiii? iaeo?ae?caoe??. ?aaeoe?eio iano i?e
ia?ai?ooaaii? ? eei?ii? aeo?eiothoue aei cae?i/aiiy ?aaeoe?? (aeniiaie
i?i oea ?iaeyoue ii e?eueeino? acaio?iiii? aiaee). Iaeii/anii /a?ac
0.5-1 aiae a?aeae?athoue i?iae ?aaeoe?eii? noi?o? aeey eiio?ieth
i?ioeano. Ii cae?i/aiith neioaco ?aaeoe?eio iano ioieiaeaeothoue aei
e?iiaoii? oaiia?aoo?e. A?aeoae ioieiaeaeaiee aaicieueiee ?ic/ei
o?eueo?othoue a?ae i-ONE (iic.9), ui aeiaaea? a inaae, ia
aaeooi-o?eueo?? ? iiaa?oathoue a ?aaeoi?-iaeo?ae?caoi? iic.5, aea
iaeo?ae?cothoue 20 %-iei ?ic/eiii Na2CO3 a?ae caeeoe?a
i-oieoienoeueoieeneioe ? 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe aei neaaieoaeii?
?aaeoe??, eiaeiee ?ac a?aeae?eyth/e aiaeiee oa? o naia?aoi?? iic.8 ?
iiaa?oath/e aaicieueiee ?ic/ei o ?aaeoi?-iaeo?ae?caoi? iic.5.
I?iieoo ?aaeoe?eio iano iiaeathoue o aeia?iee iic.10, o yeiio
cae?eniththoue a?aeaiieo ?ic/eiieea(aaicieo) i?e oaoi?/iiio aaeooi?
0.090.05 IIa ? oaiia?aoo?? a ian? 323363 E. Ai?no aaicieo a ?aaeoe?ei?e
ian? i?ney a?aeaiiee ia ia?aaeuo? 1.02.0 % ian. Iaea?aeaiee a
?acoeueoao? a?aeaiiee ?ic/eiiee, ioieiaeaeaiee a oieiaeeeueieeo iic.62,
iinooia? a naia?aoi? iic.12 aeey aeae?eaiiy aiaee, a?aeoae – o i??iee
iic.1 aeey iiaoi?iiai aeei?enoaiiy. Iaea?aeaiee ao?? c eoao aeia?ieea
iic.10 iinooia? a ?aeoeo?eaoe?eio eieiio, aea a?aeaaiythoue nie?o
(iic.13). Eoa eieiie iic.13 iinooia? o eieiio 14, aea i?ae aaeooiii 2.66
eIa a?aeaaiythoue ao?? – caa?oo eieiie aeoiaeeoue aooeeiaee ao??
3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe.
A E N I I A E E
1. Noai?aii iniiae oaoiieiai? iaea?aeaiiy -i?iiiieaeoiio ?aaeoe??th
aca?iiae?? eaoaio c oi?iaeueaeaa?aeii oa neeaaeieo aoi?ia
3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe i?yiith aoa?eo?eaoe??th 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai?
eeneioe. A iioeiaeueieo oiiaao naeaeoeai?noue -i?iiiieaeoiio 94.05 %, a
aoi?ia 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe 9093 % ian.
2.Cai?iiiiiaaii e?iaoe/i? iiaeae? ?aaeoeie aiae?ieico -i?iiiieaeoiio o
aiaeieo ?ic/eiao, ?iceeaaeo 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio oa aoa?eoieaoei?
3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe nie?oaie.
3. Aecia/aii iioeiaeueii oiiae cae?eniaiiy ?aaeoei? aoa?eoieaoei?
3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe a i?enooiino? i-oieoienoeueoieeneioe:
eiioeaio?aoe?y eaoae?caoi?a, iieueia ni?aa?aeiioaiiy 3-iaoeee?ioiiiaa
eeneioa : cie?o : aaicie. Iieacaii, ui ?aaeoe?y a?ae?ie?co
-i?iiiieaeoiio iieno?oueny ??aiyiiyi aeey ?aaeoe?e o?aoueiai ii?yaeeo,
?aaeoe?y ?iceeaaeo 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio i?aeii?yaeeiao?oueny caeiiai
aeey ?aaeoe?e ia?oiai ii?yaeeo, a ?aaeoe?y aoa?eoieaoei?
3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe nie?oaie caeiiai aeey cai?ioi?o ?aaeoe?e
ae?oaiai ii?yaeeo.
4. Aia?oa neioaciaaii ?yae iiaeo iioiaeieo 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe:
aoi?e (iaoeeiaee, aoeeiaee, i?ii?eiaee, ?ci-i?ii?eiaee, aooeeiaee,
aoi?-aooeeiaee, ?ci-aooeeiaee,ai?eiaee), oei?aia?ae?eae, aiiae, iio?ee.
I?iaaaeaii ?aeaioeo?eaoe?th cacia/aieo ?a/iaei oa aecia/aii ?o
oiceei-oiii/ii oa?aeoa?enoeee.
5. Cai?iiiiiaaii i?eioeeiiai oaoiieiai/ii noaie i?ioeania iaea?aeaiiy
-i?iiiieaeoiio oa neeaaeieo aoi?ia 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe. Iaea?aeai?
?acoeueoaoe ia?aaeai? aeey ai?iaaaeaeaiiy.
6. Iaea?aeaii ?acoeueoaoe iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoaii aeey neioaco
oe?ieiai ani?oeiaioo iio?aeieo 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe.
Iniiaiee ci?no ?iaioe aeeeaaeaii a ianooiieo ioae?eaoe?yo:
1.Eioiae/ O.C., Ii/ainueea ?.ss. Neioac ? aeanoeaino?
3-iaoee–aooe?ieae-oiio ? -iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe //A?niee Aea?ae.
oi-oo “Euea?anueea iie?oao-i?ea”:O?i?y, oaoiieia?y ?a/iaei oa ?o
canoinoaaiiy,Euea?a-1995,N 285, n.67-69.
2.Ii/ainueea ?.ss., Eioiae/ O.C. Neeaaei? ao??e 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai?
eeneioe // A?niee Aea?ae. oi-oo “Euea?anueea iie?oaoi?ea”: O?i?y,
oaoiieia?y ?a/iaei oa ?o canoinoaaiiy, Euea?a-1996, N 298, n.81-82.
3.Eioiae/ O.C., Ii/ainueea ?.ss., Iie ?ee ?.I. Neioac ? aeanoeaino?
oei?aia?ae?eaeo, ai?aeo oa i?o?eeo 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe // A?niee
Aea?ae. oi-oo “Euea?anueea iie?oaoi?ea”: O?i?y, oaoiieia?y ?a/iaei oa
?o canoinoaaiiy.- Euea?a: 1997.- N 316, n.107-108.
4.Eioiae/ O.C., Ii/ainueea ?.ss., Iie?ee ?.I. Neioac oa e?iaoe/i?
caeiiii??iino? a?ae?ie?co -i?ii?ieaeoiio.//Aeiiia?ae? IAI Oe?a?ie,
1997.- N 12.-n.135-139.
5.Ii/ainueea ?.ss.,Eioiae/ O.C.,Iie?ee ?.I. Aeaye? e?iaoe/i?
caeiiii??-iino? ?iceeaaeo -eaeoii?a // A?niee Aea?ae.oi-oo “Euea?anueea
iie?oaoi?ea”, aei 125-??//y o?i?ei-oaoiieia?/iiai oaeoeueoaoo:O?i?y,
oaoiieia?y ?a/iaei oa ?o canoinoaaiiy.- Euea?a:1997.- N 333, c.107-108.
6.Ii/ainueea ?.ss., Eioiae/ O.C., Iie?ee ?.I. Ceioac
3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiio, 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe oa ?? iio?aeieo. //
Aeiiia?ae? IAI Oe?a?ie, 1998.- N 10.- n.157-161.
7.Ii/ainueea ?.ss., Eioiae/ O.C., Iie?ee ?.I. Eaoae?caoi?e ?aaeoe??
aoa?e-o?eaoe?? 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe //A?niee Aea?ae. oi-oo
“Euea?anueea iie?oao-i?ea”:O?i?y, oaoiieia?y ?a/iaei oa ?o
canoinoaaiiy,Euea?a-1998, N339,n.112-113.
8.Eioiae/ O., Ii/ainueea ?. Neioac oa aeanoeaino? -iaoeee?ioiiiai?
eeneioe oa ?? neeaaeieo ao???a // Noai oa ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo oai?/ii?
iaoee oa i?iieneiaino? a cao?aeiiio ?aa?ii? Oe?a?ie.: Oac.aeiiia. eiio.
IOO aei 150-e?ooy Euea?a. iie?oaoi?ee. Euea?a.-1994.-N.70.
9.Eioiae/ O.C., Ii/ainueea ?.ss. Neioac, aeanoeaino? ?aaeoe?eia
caeaoi?noue -i?ii?ieaeoiio oa aeayeeo eiai -cai?uaieo aiiieia?a // Oac.
aeiiia. iaoe. eiio. “I?iaeaie i?aai?/iiai neioaco”.- Euea?a.-
1994.-N.33.
10.Eioiae/ O.C., Ii/ainueea ?.ss.Neioac, aeanoeaino? oa noaa?euei?noue
-aeeaee?ecai?uaieo -eaeoii?a // 17 Oe?a?inueea eiioa?aioe?y c i?aai?/ii?
o?i?? (aeiaoaiue 1995 ?.),Oa?e?a:Oace aeiiia?aeae,/.2, n.435.
11.Iie?ee ?.I., Eioiae/ O.C., Ii/ainueea ?.ss. Neioac oa noaa?euei?noue
-aee?ecai?uaieo ae?eeiaeo eeneio.// 17 Oe?a?inueea eiioa?aioe?y c
i?aai?/ii? o?i?? (aeiaoaiue 1995 ?.).- Oa?e?a:Oace aeiiia?aeae,/.2,
n.434.
12.Ii/ainueea ?., Eioiae/ O., Iie?ee ?. Iniaeeaino? neioaco
-aoee–aooe?ieaeoiio oa -aoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe.// Euea?anuee? o?i?/i?
/eoaiiy, (29-30 o?aaiy 1997 ?.): Ca.iaoe.i?aoeue,n.40
13.Ii/ainueea ?.ss., Eioiae/ O.C. E?iaoeea ?aaeoe?? aoa?eo?eaoe??
3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe.//18 Oe?a?inueea eiioa?aioe?y c i?aai?/ii?
o?i?? (aeiaoaiue 1998 ?.), Aei?i?iiao?ianuee:Oace aeiiia?aeae,/.2,
n.329.
14.Ii/ainueea ?.ss., Eioiae/ O.C., Iie?ee ?.I. ?aaeoe?eia caeaoi?noue
-i?ii?ieaeoiio oa eiai aiiieia?a.// 18 Oe?a?inueea eiioa?aioe?y c
i?aai?/ii? o?i?? (aeiaoaiue 1998 ?.), Aei?i?iiao?ianuee: Oace
aeiiia?aeae,/.2, n.328.
AIIOAOe?ss
Ii/ainueea ?.ss. ?ic?iaea iniia oaoiieia?? iaea?aeaiiy ae?eeiaeo
iiiiia??a c -eaeoii?a. – ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 05.17.04.- oaoiieia?y i?iaeoeo?a i?aai?/iiai
neioaco. – Aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao “Euea?anueea iie?oaoi?ea”,
Euea?a,1999.
Aeena?oaoe?y i?enay/aia ieoaiith ?ic?iaee oaoiieia?? iaea?aeaiiy
ae?eeiaeo iiiiia??a c -eaeoii?a. ?ic?iaeaii aoaeoeaiee niin?a
iaea?aeaiiy -i?ii?ieaeoiio ?aaeoe??th aca?iiae?? eaoaio c
oi?iaeueaeaa?aeii a i?enooiino? eaoae?caoi??a oeio O??aeaey-E?aoona.
Aeine?aeaeaii e?iaoe/i? caeiiii??iino? a?ae?ie?co -i?ii?ieaeoiio.
I?eaaaeai? aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeai? i?i e?iaoe/i? caeiiii??iino?
aoa?eo?eaoe?? 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe nie?oaie a oiiaao aiiiaaiiiai
eaoae?co. Neioaciaaii 12 iiaeo iio?aeieo 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe oa
aecia/ai? ?o o?ceei-o?i?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee.
?ic?iaeai? iniiae oaoiieia?? iaea?aeaiiy -i?ii?ieaeoiio oa neeaaeieo
ao???a 3-iaoeee?ioiiiai? eeneioe.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: -i?ii?ieaeoii, 3-iaoeee?ioiiiaa eeneioa, niin?a
neioaco, o?ceei-o?i?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee, e?iaoe/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy.
AIIIOAOeEss
Ii/aineay E.ss. ?ac?aaioea iniia oaoiieiaee iieo/aiey ae?eeiauo
iiiiia?ia ec -eaeoiiia. – ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa oaoie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 05.17.04.-oaoiieiaey i?iaeoeoia i?aaie/aneiai
neioaca.- Ainoaea?noaaiiue oieaa?neoao “Eueaeanea iieeoaoieea”,
Eueaia,1999.
Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia aii?ino ?ac?aaioee oaoiieiaee iieo/aiey
ae?eeiauo iiiiia?ia ec -eaeoiiia. ?ac?aaioai yooaeoeaiue niinia
iieo/aiey -i?iieieaeoiia ?aaeoeeae acaeiiaeaenoaey eaoaia n
oi?iaeueaeaaeaeii a i?enoonoaee eaoaeecaoi?ia oeia O?eaeaey-E?aoona,
i?aeiouanoai eioi?iai a oii, /oi iiai/iua i?iaeoeou ?aaeoeee (oenoniay
eeneioa e aa aiaeae?eae) auaiaeyony ec ciiu ?aaeoeee ia i?iiaaeooi/iie
noaaeee, /oi iaeaa/aao auaeaeaiea eiia/iiai i?iaeoeoa e iicaieyao
iieo/eoue -i?iieieaeoii aunieie /enoiou (94.7 % ian.). Eco/aiu
eeiaoe/aneea caeiiiia?iinoe aeae?ieeca -i?iieieaeoiia, onoaiiaeaii, /oi
?aaeoeey iiae/eiyaony caeiiai aeey ?aaeoeee o?aoueaai ii?yaeea.
Ii?aaeaeaiu iioeiaeueiua oneiaey iieo/aiey 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiia
?aaeoeeae eiiaeainaoeee eaoaia n oi?iaeueaeaaeaeii a i?enoonoaee yoe?aoa
o?aoooi?enoiai ai?a a ea/anoaa eaoaeecaoi?a. A iioeiaeueiuo oneiaeyo
auoiae 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiia 86 %. Onoaiiaeaiu iniaaiiinoe
acaeiiaeaenaey 3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiia n aiaeie e aai oa?ie/aneiai
?aniaaea. Ii?aaeaeaiu aeoeaaoeeiiiua ia?aiao?u acaeiiaeaenoaey
3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiia n aiaeie e oa?ie/aneiai ?aniaaea iineaaeiaai.
?anniio?aiu iniaaiiinoe iieo/aiey 3-iaoeee?ioiiiaie eeneiou ec
3-iaoee–aooe?ieaeoiia (auoiae 73 %), onoaiiaeaiu iioeiaeueiua oneiaey
i?iaaaeaiey i?ioeanna.
Enneaaeiaaiu eeiaoe/aneea caeiiiia?iinoe ?aaeoeee yoa?eoeeaoeee
3-iaoeee?ioiiiaie eeneiou iecoeie nie?oaie. Onoaiiaeaii, /oi ?aaeoeey
yoa?eoeeaoeee 3-iaoeee?ioiiiaie eeneiou nie?oaie iiae/eiyaony caeiiai
aeey ia?aoeiuo ?aaeoeee aoi?iai ii?yaeea. Ii?aaeaeaii aeeyiea no?iaiey
nie?oa, i?e?iaeu e eiioeaio?aoeee eaoaeecaoi?a ia nei?inoue i?ioaeaiey
?aaeoeee. Onoaiiaeaiu iioeiaeueiua ia?aiao?u ?aaeecaoeee ?aaeoeee
yoa?eoeeaoeee 3-iaoeee?ioiiiaie eeneiou nie?oaie.
Ii?aaeaeaiu eeiaoe/aneea e aeoeaaoeeiiiua ia?aiao?u i?ioeanna
yoa?eoeeaoeee 3-iaoeee?ioiiiaie eeneiou iecoeie nie?oaie.
?ac?aaioaiu iaoiaeeee e neioace?iaaiu ae?oaea i?iecaiaeiua.
Neioace-?iaaii 12 iiauo i?iecaiaeiuo 3-iaoeee?ioiiiaie eeneiou e
ii?aaeaeaiu eo oeceei-oeie/aneea oa?aeoa?enoeee. Eaeaioeoeeaoeeth
iieo/aiiuo i?i-aeoeoia i?iecaiaeeee niaeo?ineiie/aneei e
o?iiaoia?aoe/aneei iaoiaeaie.
?ac?aaioaiu iniiau oaoiieiaee iieo/aiey -i?iieieaeoiia e yoe?ia
3-iaoeee?ioiiiaie eeneiou, i?aaeeiaeaiu i?eioeeieaeueiua oaoiieiae/aneea
noaiu yoeo i?ioeannia.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: -i?iieieaeoii,3-iaoeee?ioiiiaay eeneioa, niinia
neioaca, oeceei-oeie/aneea oa?aeoa?enoeee, eeiaoe/aneea enneaaeiaaiey.
SUMMARY
Pochapska I.Ja. The elaboration of the technology of acrylatic monomers
receiving with -lactones.- Manuscript.
Dissertation for the award of ” candidate of technical sciences” degree
on the speciality 05.17.04. – Technology of Organic Synthesis
Products.State University “Lvivska Politechnica”. – Lviv, 1999.
Dissertation is dedicated to the technology of acrylatic monomers
receiving with -lactones. Ohe effective method of receiving
-propiolactone reaction of keten with formaldehyde compound in the
presence of a Friedel-Crafts type catalyst was proposed. The kinetic
regularities of hydrolysis of -propiolactone were research. Experimental
data about reaction of esterification 3-methylcrotonic acid with lower
spirities was quote. The 12 new derivaties were synthesized and
physico-chemical properties were stadied.
The basic technology of receiving -propiolactone and esters of
3-methylcrotonic acid was developed.
Key words: -propiolactone, 3-methylcrotonic acid, method of synthesis,
physico-chemical properties, kinetic investigation
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