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Стратегія конверсії військово-промислового комплексу України (організаційно-економічні аспекти): Автореф. дис… д-ра екон. наук / Л.М. Саломатіна, НА

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IAOe?IIAEUeIA AEAAeAI?ss IAOE OE?A?IE

?INOEOOO AEIIII?EE I?IIENEIAINO?

Ia i?aaao ?oeiieno

OAeE 338.245.8(477)

Naeiiao?ia E?e?y Ieeiea?aia

NO?AOAA?ss EIIAA?N??

A?ENUeEIAI-I?IIENEIAIAI EIIIEAENO OE?A?IE

(i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? aniaeoe)

Ciaoe?aeuei?noue 08.02.03 – I?aai?caoe?y oi?aae?iiy,

ieaioaaiiy ?
?aaoethaaiiy

aeiiii?ee

AAOI?AOA?AO

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

aeieoi?a aeiiii?/ieo iaoe

Aeiiaoeuee – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia a ?inoeooo? aeiiii?ee i?iieneiaino? Iaoe?iiaeueii?
aeaaeai?? iaoe Oe?a?ie

(i.Aeiiaoeuee)

Iaoeiaee eiinoeueoaio –

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:

I?ia?aeia i?aai?caoe?y -aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe,
i?ioani?,

aeaaeai?e IAI Oe?a?ie

Caneoaeaiee ae?y/ iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie

*OIA*AIEI Ieeiea A?eai?iae/,

?inoeooo aeiiii?ee i?iieneiaino? IAI Oe?a?ie, ii/aniee aee?aeoi?

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,

/eai-ei?aniiiaeaio IAI Oe?a?ie

AO?EEINUeEEE Ai?en Aieiaeeie?iae/

?inoeooo i?iaeai ?eieo oa aeiiii?ei-

aeieia?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue IAI Oe?a?ie (i. Iaeana), aee?aeoi?

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?

EOE?*EIA ?aaai Ieeieaeiae/

Aeaaeai?y iai?iiieo aaeocae

i?iieneiaino? (i. Iineaa),

caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e oaoiieia?e oi?aae?iiy

i?iieneia?noth

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe

ssEOAIANUeEEE Ieeiea Ieeieaeiae/

Iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee aeiiii?/iee ?inoeooo

I?i?noa?noaa aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie (i. Ee?a),

canooiiee aee?aeoi?a c iaoeiai? ?iaioe

Iaoe?iiaeueiee ?inoeooo no?aoaa?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue i?e ?aae?
iaoe?iiaeueii? aaciaee ? iai?iie Oe?a?ie, a?aeae?e ai?iii? iie?oeee
(i.Ee?a)

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “ 22 ” aa?aniy 1999 ?. i 14 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 11.151.01 a ?inoeooo? aeiiii?ee
i?iieneiaino? IAI Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 340048, Aeiiaoeuee, aoe.
Oi?aa?neoaonueea, 77.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo aeiiii?ee
i?iieneiaino? IAI Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 340048, Aeiiaoeuee, aoe.
Oi?aa?neoaonueea, 77.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “ 18 ” na?iiy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Iieeiinueeee O.TH.

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Iiaeieaiiy e?eciaeo yaeu o aeiiii?oe? e?a?ie
iaoiiaeth? iio?aao aeei?enoaiiy an?o iayaieo ?aca?a?a aeiiii?/iiai
c?inoaiiy. Iaeiei c oaeeo ?aca?a?a aenooia? eiiaa?n?y
a?enueeiai-i?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno (AIE) Oe?a?ie, yea cae?enith?oueny a
oiiaao aea?aeaaioai?aiiy Oe?a?ie oa ia?aoiaeo aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei.

AIE caaaeaee aoa ?ioaa?iaaiee o aeiiii?eo e?a?ie. Ii?yae c ae??oaiiyi
aieiaiiai caaaeaiiy, yea iia’ycaii c ?ic?iaeith, ae?ia-ieoeoaii oa
iinoaaeith ica?i?iue oa a?enueeiai? oaoi?ee (IAO), a?i caaacia/oaaa
?eiie oaoi?/ii neeaaeiith iaoei?iiith i?iaeoeoe??th oeea?eueiiai
i?ecia/aiiy, ni?eya i?enei?aiith IOI. Ca nai?ie ye?nieie ia?aiao?aie –
eaae?o?eiaaieie eaae?aie, aenieioaoiieia?/iith ae?iaie/ith oa iaoeiaith
aacith, ye?nieie iaoa??aeueieie ?ano?naie – AIE ia?aaeuoaaa oeea?eueia
iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy.

Eiiaa?n?y AIE aoea iieeeeaia iineeeoe ?ioaa?aoe?ei? i?ioeane AIE c
aeiiii?eith e?a?ie. Iaeiae no?aoaa?th eiiaa?n?? aoei i???ioiaaii ia
aea?aeaaia o?iainoaaiiy a oiiaao iaiaaeaiino? athaeaeaoieo eioo?a, ui
i?ecaaei aei aeaa?aaeaoe?? ie?aieo aeaiaio?a iaoeiai-ae?iaie/iai
iioaioe?aeo AIE, yeee iieieany iaaei??iei o ai?iiiio ae?iaieoeoa? oa ia
aoa caeo/aiei o oeea?eueio noa?o. I?i ianooaai?noue eiiaa?n?eieo
i?ioean?a na?ae/aoue oae? aeai?. O ?acoeueoao? ?iciaaeo N?N? Oe?a?i?
noaei iaeaaeaoe 30 AIE eieeoiueiai N?N? oa 20 eiai iaoeiaeo oeaio??a. Ia
?? oa?eoi??? ciaoiaeeeiny a?ey 700 i?aei?e?inoa, ia yeeo aoei caeiyoi
1,3 iei. i?aoethth/eo, 356 i?aei?e?inoa aeioneaei a iniiaiiio ai?iio
i?iaeoeoe?th. O 1998 ?. oey e?euee?noue i?aei?e?inoa ciaioeeany aaea?/?,
a ianya ai?iii? i?iaeoeoe?? neeaaeaa 4 cai?noue 20 o 1991 ?.

O iiaeo ?noi?e/ieo oiiaao iaiao?aeia no?aoaa?y eiiaa?n?? AIE, yea
caaacia/oaaea a ?aae?caoe?th ?ioa?an?a aea?aeaae o noai?aii?
iaoe?iiaeueiiai AIE oa ?? ai?iii? aaciaee ye iaei??? c neeaaeiaeo
iaoe?iiaeueii? aaciaee, a oaeiae ni?eyea a i?aeaeuaiith nioe?aeueii?
i???ioaoe?? aeiiii?ee oa iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiio iiiaeaiith o an?o ??
aaeocyo.

A?aenooi?noue no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE ia iniia? niaoe?aeueii ?ic?iaeaii?
iaoiaeieia??, yea a ?ice?eaaea ?? iie?oe/io oa aeiiii?/io nooi?noue,
iniiai? no?oeoo?i? aeaiaioe oa iiiyooy, aecia/aea ?? ci?no, ni?eyea a
noai?aiith iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaiiai i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE oa caaacia/oaaea a i?iaaaeaiiy
eiiaa?n?? ia iaoeiai-iaoiaee/i?e iniia?, aecia/eea iaiao?aei?noue oa
aeooaeuei?noue aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie ieaiaie, i?ia?aiaie, oaiaie. Aeeiiaiiy ?iaioe
i?aai?/ii iia’ycaii c ieaiii iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o ?inoeoooo
aeiiii?ee i?iieneiaino? IAI Oe?a?ie ii oaiao: “Oi?ioaaiiy aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio eiiaa?n??”, iiia? aea?ae?a?no?aoe?? UA 01000487 P, 01.1992 ?.
– 06.1995 ?.; “Ia?niaeoeai? iai?yiee aeei?enoaiiy eiiaa?n?eieo ?ano?n?a
o aeiiii?oe? Oe?a?ie”, iiia? aea?ae?a?no?aoe?? 0195U19746, 07.1995 ?. –
06.1998 ?.; “I?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci oaoiieia?/iiai
iiiaeaiiy a oiiaao eiiaa?n??”, iiia? aea?ae?a?no?aoe?? 0198U005737,
07.1998 ?. – 06.2001 ?.; iaoeiaa i?ia?aia AeEIO 100055 “Aeiiii?/i?,
i?aai?caoe?ei? oa nioe?aeuei? i?iaeaie ia?aoiaeo iai?iiiiai eiiieaeno
aei ?eieo”, iiia? ?a?no?aoe?? 08.03./55, 01.1994 ?. – 12.1995 ?.

Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy – ?ic?iaea no/anii?
eiioeaioe?? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE Oe?a?ie oa
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ?? ?aae?caoe?? ia aea?aeaaiiio,
?aa?iiaeueiiio oa ae?iaie/iio ??aiyo oi?aae?iiy.

Aeey aeinyaiaiiy iaoe iinoaaeaii oae? oai?aoe/i?, iaoiaee/i? oa
i?aeoe/i? caaea/?:

aeine?aeeoe oai?aoe/i? aniaeoe eiiaa?n?? AIE Oe?a?ie, aeaoe
eeaneo?eaoe?th /eiiee?a eiiaa?n?? AIE Oe?a?ie, aeeiiaoe aiae?c eiiaa?n??
ye eaoaai???;

?ic?iaeoe iaoiaeieia?th oi?ioaaiiy no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE, aecia/eoe
?ieue iie?oe/ieo, ai?iieo, aeiiii?/ieo /eiiee?a o oeueiio i?ioean?;

aecia/eoe no?aoaa?th eiiaa?n?? ia ??ai? noa’?eo?a, ye? i?eeiathoue
??oaiiy o aaeoc? eiiaa?n??, oa ia’?eoa eiiaa?n??, yeei aenooia?
aeiiii?/iee iioaioe?ae AIE – ae?iaie/ee, oaoiieia?/iee,
iaoeiai-oaoi?/iee, eaae?iaee;

?ic?iaeoe oai?aoe/ia oa iaoiaee/ia iaa?oiooaaiiy ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa??
eiiaa?n?? ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo AIE;

aecia/eoe iai?yiee ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai
iioaioe?aeo AIE;

?ic?iaeoe iaoeiao eiioeaioe?th oaoiieia?/iiai iiiaeaiiy ae-?iaieoeoaa a
oiiaao eiiaa?n??;

?ic?iaeoe oai?aoe/i? ieoaiiy eiiaa?n?? oaoiieia?e;

aecia/eoe nioe?aeuei? iane?aeee eiiaa?n?? AIE;

iaa?oiooaaoe iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee uiaei eiiaa?n?? eaae??a;

?ic?iaeoe i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa??
eiiaa?n?? AIE;

aeeiiaoe oai?aoe/ia oa iaoiaeieia?/ia iaa?oiooaaiiy ?aa?iiaeueii?
no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n??;

aecia/eoe iaoiaee/i? ieoaiiy ?ic?iaee ?aa?iiaeueii? i?ia?aie eiiaa?n??
ai?iiiai ae?iaieoeoaa.

Ia’?eo ? i?aaeiao aeine?aeaeaiiy. Ia’?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy –
i?aei?e-?inoaa, i?aai?caoe?? oa aaeoc? iaoeiiaoae?aiiai oa
a?enueeiai-i?iienei-aiai eiiieaeno Oe?a?ie. I?aaeiao aeine?aeaeaiiy –
oai?aoe/i?, iaoiaeieia?/i? oa i?aeoe/i? i?iaeaie eiiaa?n??
a?enueeiai-i?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno.

Oai?aoe/i? ? iaoiaeieia?/i? iniiae aeine?aeaeaiiy. Oai?aoe/iith iniiaith
i?iaaaeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy ? eeane/i? iieiaeaiiy aeiiii?/ii? oai???,
e?eoe/ia inieneaiiy ?ia?o, ye? iathoue a?aeiioaiiy aei i?aaeiaoa
aeine?aeaeaiiy.

Iaoiaeieia?/iith iniiaith aeine?aeaeaiiy ? nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae uiaei
aiae?co eaoaai??? “eiiaa?n?y” oa ae?aeaeoe/iee iaoiae i?ciaiiy
aca?iiiia’ycaieo i?ioean?a o i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiio iaoai?ci?
?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE.

I?e i?aeaioiaoe? aeena?oaoe?? aeei?enoiaoaaeeny oae? iaoiaee:
ii??aiyeueii-aeiiii?/iee, aeiiii?ei-noaoenoe/iee, nioe?ieia?/iee aiae?c,
aano?aeoii-eia?/iee iaoiae, iaoiae eeaneo?eaoe?? oa oeiieia?? aenia?oieo
ioe?iie.

Na?aae iaoeiaeo ?ia?o, ye? iineoaeeee oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/iith
iniiaith aeine?aeaeaiiy no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE, ? i?aoe?:

a?o/eciyieo niaoe?ae?no?a – I.Aiio?, I.A?eiaa, E.Aan/aniiai, ?.A?iueea,
?.Aiaeia?/oea, A.Ao?eeinueeiai, ?.Aeea, I.Aeanthea, N.Aei?iaoioeiaa,
A.Einaaoeiaa, ?.Eoe?iiaa, A.Ioio?yia, A.Ieueoaanueeiai, N.I??iaeeiaa,
A.*oiaea, I.*oia/aiea, A.Oeaiea, A.Oaaoeiaa, A.Oaoiaoeiaa, A.TH?/oea,
I.sseoaianueeiai;

ca?oa?aeieo oaoe?aoe?a – ?.Aai?i?, TH.A?ineaaa, N.Ae?o?eo, TH.AEaaiiaa,
A.Eaiiaoay, A.Eaiiao, A.E?eooaeueiaa, ?.Eoe?/eiaa, TH.Eac?ioeaaa,
N.Iaeiaia, A.Ii?iai, A.?annaae?ia, A.Naei, E.Nainiiiaa, A.Nae?o,
N.N?iaiianueeiai, TH.N??ioe?ia, I.Oieea/iaa, ?.Oa?aiacyia,
A.O?ooeueeiai.

?ioi?iaoe?eia aaca aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aeaea?aeaie ?ioi?iaoe?? aoee
caeiiiaeaa/? aeoe oa iinoaiiae Aa?oiaii? ?aaee Oe?a?ie, I?aceaeaioa
Oe?a?ie, Eaa?iaoo i?i?no??a Oe?a?ie, I?i?noa?noaa i?iieneiai? iie?oeee
Oe?a?ie, Aeiiaoeueei? iaeaea?aeaaei?i?no?aoe??. Aoei aeei?enoaii
noaoenoe/io oa a?aeii/o ?ioi?iaoe?th, iaoiaee/i? oa ?ino?oeoeai?
iaoa??aee, a oaeiae aeia?aeeiao a?o/eciyio oa ca?oa?aeio e?oa?aoo?o.

?ioi?iaoe?eiith aacith i?aeaioiaee aeena?oaoe?? aoee iaoa??aee
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o, ye? aeeiiaii i?ae ea??aieoeoaii oa i?e
aaciina?aaei?e o/ano? aaoi?a ca caiiaeaiiyie I?i?noa?noaa i?iieneiai?
iie?oeee Oe?a?ie, Aeiiaoeueei? iaeanii? aea?aeaaii? aaei?i?no?aoe??;
aeai? i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue ia i?aei?e?inoaao oa a i?aai?caoe?yo,
ui eiiaa?nothoueny.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Iaoeiaa iiaecia neeaaea?oueny
c ?ic?iaee oai?aoe/ieo, iaoiaeieia?/ieo ? iaoiaee/ieo i?aeoiae?a ii
oi?ioaaiith no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE oa iaa?oiooaaiiy ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e ii
noai?aiith i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ?? ?aae?caoe??.

· A aaeoc? oai??? oa iaoiaeieia?? iiaecia iieyaa? a ianooiiiio:

noai?aii oai?aoe/io oa iaoiaeieia?/io aaco aeine?aeaeaiiy eiiaa?n?eieo
i?ioean?a a oiiaao aea?aeaaioai?aiiy Oe?a?ie oa ?eieiai? o?ainoi?iaoe??
aeiiii?ee, yea aeeth/a? iaa?oiooaaiiy eiiaa?n?eii? nenoaie, aecia/aiiy
/eiiee?a eiiaa?n?? AIE, ?o ia??iaeecaoe?th;

ia iniia? o?aooaaiiy i??i?eoao?a no?oeoo?ii? ia?aaoaeiae aeiiii?ee
Oe?a?ie iaa?oioiaaii iai?yiee eiiaa?n?eii? no?aoaa??, ye?
ia?aaeaa/athoue noai?aiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeieo oeea?eueieo aai ci?oaieo
ai?iii-oeea?eueieo no?oeoo?, i?enoiniaaieo aei oiia ?eieo;

?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeieia?th aecia/aiiy no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE aeey
eiaeiiai c aeae?eaieo ??ai?a oi?aae?iiy (aea?aeaaiiai, a?aeii/iai,
ae?iaie/iai), yeo iiaoaeiaaii ia nenoaiiiio aeine?aeaeaii? oe???
eaoaai??? oa iaa?oioiaaii /eiieee, ye? oi?iothoue no?aoaa?th eiiaa?n??
AIE;

cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaeieia?/i? i?aeoiaee uiaei oi?ioaaiiy no?aoaa??
eiiaa?n?? aeiiii?/iiai iioaioe?aeo AIE (ae?iaie/iai, oaoiieia?/iiai,
iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai, eaae?iaiai) ia iniia? ?ic?iaee iiaeaeae aca?iiae??
aeiiii?ee e?a?ie oa AIE, a oaeiae iiaeaeae ia?a?iciiae?eo ?ano?n?a i?ae
ai?iiith oa oeea?eueiith noa?aie;

?ic?iaeaii iniiao aeey oi?ioaaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiii-i?/iiai iaoai?cio
?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE c o?aooaaiiyi i?eioeeio caaaeueiiai,
/anoeiaiai oa iaeeie/iiai. Caaaeueia iia’ycaii c iaiao?aei?noth
caaacia/aiiy ?aeiino? o ae??oaii? iaeaaaeeea?oeo ieoaiue eiiaa?n??
(ii?iaoeaii-i?aaiaa caaacia/aiiy, aea?? aea?aeaaieo i??i?eoao?a,
?ic?iaea oe?eueiaeo eiiieaenieo iaoeiai-oaoi?/ieo i?ia?ai). *anoeiaa
iaoiiaeaii aieeaii ia aeiiii?eo ?aa?iio aeiiii?/iiai iioaioe?aeo AIE.
Iaeeie/ia ia?aaeaa/a? iaaio nooi?iue naiino?eiino? i?aei?e?inoa o
cae?eniaii? eiiaa?n??. C o?aooaaiiyi caaaeueiiai, /anoeiaiai oa
iaeeie/iiai aecia/aii o?e ??ai? iaoai?cio ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa??
eiiaa?n?? AIE: aea?aeaaiee, ?aa?iiaeueiee oa ae?iaie/ee;

?ic?iaeaii i?aeoiaee uiaei oi?ioaaiiy ?aa?iiaeueii? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n??
ia iniia? i?eioeeio ia?aiino oeaio?o aaae oa a?aeiia?aeaeueiino? ca
eiiaa?n?th ia i?noey. Aecia/aii iaoo aea?aeaaii? oa ?aa?iiaeueii?
iie?oeee eiiaa?n??, iai?yiee eiiaa?n?? ?ano?n?a, ui aea?eueiythoueny,
iaa?oioiaaii /eiieee aoaeoeaiiai ?o aeei?enoaiiy.

· A aaeoc? ?ic?iaee iaoiaee/ieo ieoaiue:

iaa?oioiaaii iai?yiee eiiaa?n?? i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa (ie?aieo
i?ae?icae?e?a) c iaoith ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? ae?iaie/iai
iioaioe?aeo. Anoaiiaeaii, ui i?e aaeee?e e?eueeino? aeaea?ae
o?iainoaaiiy eiiaa?n?? aoaeoeai?noue ?o aeei?enoaiiy aecia/a?oueny
no?oeoo?ieie ia?aoai?aiiyie AIE. C o?aooaaiiyi aeyaeaieo iniaeeainoae
cai?iiiiiaaii i?aeoiaee uiaei ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? i?aei?e?inoa, oi?ioaaiiy
oieaeeiaiaeo eiiiai?e oa o?iainiai-i?iieneiaeo a?oi;

iieacaii iniaeeaino? ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai
iioaioe?aeo AIE, ye? iaoiiaeaii no/aniei noaiii iaoeiaeo i?aai?caoe?e
AIE. Iaa?oioiaaii oa cai?iiiiiaaii iaoai?ci eiiaa?n?? iaoeiaeo
i?aai?caoe?e aai ?o ie?aieo i?ae?icae?e?a, yeee aeeth/a? no?oeoo?i?
ia?aoai?aiiy, ?eieia? a?aeiineie i?e ?ic?iaoe? iiaiai i?iaeoeoo, aea??
no?aoaa?/iiai ia?oia?a, noai?aiiy ni?eueieo i?aei?e?inoa;

?ic?iaeaii i?aeoiaee uiaei ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n??
oaoiieia?/iiai iioaioe?aeo AIE ia aac? eiiaa?n?eieo oaoiieia?e,
cai?iiiiiaaii i?aeoiaee uiaei eiiaa?n?? oaoiieia?e oa oi?ioaaiiy ?eieo
oaoiieia?e aeoiaey/e c aoaeoeaiino? ?o ia?aaea/?;

cai?iiiiiaaii iaoai?ci ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? eaae?iaiai
iioaioe?aeo AIE, yeee ia?aaeaa/a? a?aeiia?aei? aeiiii?/i? oa nioe?aeuei?
oiiae, o oiio /ene? oae? neeaaeia?, ye ?eiie i?aoe?, oeaio?e caeiyoino?
oa ia?ai?aeaioiaee;

cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei ?ic?iaee ?aa?iiaeueii?
i?ia?aie eiiaa?n??, ye? aoei ai?iaiaaii o Aeiiaoeuee?e iaeano?.

Oai?aoe/ia cia/aiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy. C?iaeaii oai?aoe/iee aianie o
oai??th ai?iii? aeiiii?ee: ?ice?eoi ci?no oa nooi?noue eaoaai???
“eiiaa?n?y AIE”, cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaeieia?th ?? nenoaiiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy, ?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeieia?/io iniiao oi?ioaaiiy no?aoaa??
eiiaa?n?? AIE.

?ic?iaeai? iiaeae? eiiaa?n?? aaeocae AIE ? eiioeaiooaeueiith iniiaith
oi?ioaaiiy no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE ia ??cieo ??aiyo oi?aae?iiy:
aea?aeaaiiio, a?aeii/iio, ae?iaie/iio.

Oai?aoe/ia ocaaaeueiaiiy i?iaeai eiiaa?n?? i?aei?e?inoa oa i?aai?caoe?e
AIE ni?eyei ?ic?iaoe? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo, a
oaeiae ?ic?iaoe? i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ?? ?aae?caoe??:
?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??, oi?ioaaiith iiaeo ?eieiaeo no?oeoo?, oaoiieia?/i?e
caaacia/aiino? c iaoith noai?aiiy iaoe?iiaeueiiai AIE oa oi?ioaaiiy
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeieo oeea?eueieo ae?iaieoeoa.

?ic?iaeaii i?eioeeie no?aoaa?? aea?aeaaiiai oa ?aa?iiaeueiiai
?aaoethaaiiy eiiaa?n?? AIE, ye? noai?ththoue oiiae oi?ioaaiiy
caeiiiaeaa/i? aace aeey cae?eniaiiy eiiaa?n?? AIE Oe?a?ie.

Iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie iaaoee oai?aoe/i? iieiaeaiiy eiiaa?n?? eaae??a
a?aeiia?aeii aei aea?aeaaii? oa ?aa?iiaeueii? no?aoaa?? ?aaoethaaiiy
eiiaa?n?? AIE, iaa?oiooaaiiy iaoiaee/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e
i?aoeaaeaoooaaiiy, ia?ai?aeaioiaee oa caaacia/aiiy nioe?aeueieo
aa?aio?e.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?iaioe
iieyaa? a oiio, ui ?ic?iaeai? iaoiaeieia?/i? oa aeiiii?ei-i?aai?caoe?ei?
iieiaeaiiy no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE aeicaieythoue:

Eaa?iaoo i?i?no??a Oe?a?ie, I?i?noa?noao i?iieneiai? iie?oeee Oe?a?ie,
I?i?noa?noao aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie, I?i?noa?noao iai?iie Oe?a?ie oa ?ioei
caoe?eaaeaiei i?i?noa?noaai oa a?aeiinoaai i?eeiaoe iaa?oioiaai? ??oaiiy
uiaei ae?iaee iie?oeee eiiaa?n?? AIE. ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy
a?aoiaaii i?e ?ic?iaoe? Eiioeaioe?? aea?aeaaii? i?iieneiai? iie?oeee
Oe?a?ie, yeo caoaa?aeaeaii Eaa?iaoii i?i?no??a Oe?a?ie 29 ethoiai 1996
?.; i?e ?ic?iaoe? Caeiio Oe?a?ie “I?i i?iieneiai-o?iainia? a?oie a
Oe?a?i?”; I?i?noa?noaii i?iieneiai? iie?oeee Oe?a?ie i?e aecia/aii?
noai?aiiy i?iieneiai-o?iainiaeo a?oi oa oieaeeiaiaeo eiiiai?e o
iaoeiiaoaeoaaii?;

iaeaniei aea?aeaaiei aaei?i?no?aoe?yi aeei?enoiaoaaoe iaoi-aee/i?
i?aeoiaee o ?aa?iiaeueiiio oi?aae?ii? eiiaa?n??th. ?acoeueoaoe
aeine?aeaeaiiy iineoaeeee iniiaith aeey ?ic?iaee ?aa?iiaeueii? i?ia?aie
eiiaa?n?? ai?iiiai ae?iaieoeoaa Aeiiaoeueei? iaeano?; ?ic?iaee
i?iiiceoe?e uiaei i?aeaioiaee ?iaanoeoe?eieo i?iaeo?a aeey i?aei?e?inoa,
ui eiiaa?nothoueny;

i?aei?e?inoaai oa iaoeiaei i?aai?caoe?yi, ui eiiaa?nothoueny,
aeei?enoiaoaaoe iaoeiai-iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee uiaei aeai?o iai?yie?a
eiiaa?n??, oi?ioaaiiy i?ia?aneaieo i?aai?caoe?eieo no?oeoo?, aeai?o
iiaiai i?iaeoeoo, eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiiai ia aioo??oiueiio oa
ciai?oiueiio ?eieao. ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy aeicaieeee anoaiiaeoe
ni?a?ia?oieoeoai c ?iicaiieie ia?oia?aie aeey i?aei?e?inoa, ui
eiiaa?nothoueny, – AAO “Oiiac”, Aeiiaoeueeee ?inoeooo eiiieaenii?
aaoiiaoecaoe??. Aeey Ee?anueeiai caaiaeo AA?AIO i?aeaioiaeaii
?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei noai?aiiy i?aeaea?aeaaii? o?iainiai-i?iieneiai?
a?oie.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? iaoeia? iieiaeaiiy oa
i?aeoe/i? ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?? iaaiai?thaaeeny ia can?aeaiiyo a/aii?
?aaee ?AI IAI Oe?a?ie, ath?i Aeiiaoeueeiai iaoeiaiai oeaio?o, eieaa??
Oi?aae?iiy i?iieneiaino? oa aia?aaoeee Aeiiaoeueei? iaeanii? aea?aeaaii?
aaei?i?no?aoe??, eieaa?? I?i?noa?noaa i?iieneiai? iie?oeee Oe?a?ie. Aiie
oaeiae aeei?enoiaoaaeeny i?e:

?aae?caoe?? Iinoaiiae Eaa?iaoo i?i?no??a Oe?a?ie a?ae 22 ethoiai 1992 ?.
?9 uiaei ?ic?iaee i?iaeoo Caeiio Oe?a?ie “I?i eiiaa?n?th iai?iiii?
i?iieneiaino? a Oe?a?i?”;

aeeiiaii? i?aeia?iaeiiai i?iaeoo ca i?ia?aiith TACIS “Eiiaa?n?y oanoe
i?aei?e?inoa Oe?a?ie” (1994-1995 ??.);

aeeiiaii? i?aeia?iaeiiai i?iaeoo ca i?ia?aiith TACIS-ACE
“?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?y iai?iiiiai naeoi?a: iane?aeee aeac?ioaa?aoe?? oa
?ioaa?aoe?? a?enueeiai-i?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno o eieeoiueiio
?aaeyinueeiio Nithc?” (1996 ?.).

Iaoa??aee aeine?aeaeaiue iaaiai?thaaeeny ia i?aeia?iaeiiio neiiic?oi?
“No?aoaa?y oi?ioaaiiy aeieia?/ii? aaciaee Aeiiaano”, i.Aeiiaoee, 1993
?.; ia i?aeia?iaei?e eiioa?aioe?? “Aeaiie?ao?y oa iai?iia: ?aa?iiaeuei?
ia?niaeoeae”, i.Aeiiaoee,1995 ?.; ia i?aeia?iaeiiio neiiic?oi?
“?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?y oa ?aaoethaaiiiy iai?iiiiai naeoi?a ?in??, Oe?a?ie oa
A?ei?on?”, i.Iineaa, 1997 ?.; ia i?aeia?iaeiiio iaoeiai-i?aeoe/iiio
nai?ia?? “Niaoe?aeuei? aeiiii?/i? ciie oa ?o aieea ia
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iee ?icaeoie ?aa?iio”, i.Aeiiaoeuee, 1998 ?.

Ioae?eaoe??. Ca oaiith aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 58 ?ia?o caaaeueiei
ianyaii 106,3 ae?oe. a?e., c yeeo aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue 59,6 ae?oe. a?e.

No?oeoo?a ? ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c anooio, 6
?icae?e?a, caeeth/aiiy, aeiaeaoeo; caaaeueiee ianya – 417 noi??iie, 80
oaaeeoeue, 42 ?enoiea, nienea aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae c 273 iaeiaioaaiue.

INIIAIEE CI?NO AeENA?OAOe??

?icae?e I. Oai?aoe/i? aniaeoe no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE Oe?a?-ie.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy ieoaiue no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE Oe?a?ie aeeiiaii ia
iniia? aea/aiiy oa iaoeiaiai iaa?oiooaaiiy nooi?o aniaeo?a oe???
eaoaai??? oa inieneaiiy aaiiie?oe/ieo, nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo, ai?iieo
?aae?e, ?ic?iaee oe?e?nii? eiioeaioe?? eiiaa?n?? AIE, yeo iicia/aii
ia??iaeii 1988-1998 ??.

O aeena?oaoe?? aeeiiaii no?oeoo?ecaoe?th /eiiee?a eiiaa?n?? AIE Oe?a?ie.
Ia iniia? aiae?co aaiiie?oe/ieo oiia oa ?noi??ia?ao?/iiai i?aeoiaeo aei
aiae?co eiiaa?n?? iaa?oioiaaii caaaeuei? /eiieee eiiaa?n??, aei yeeo
a?aeianaii ?icca?i?iiy. sse iaoe?iiaeuei? /eiieee aeae?eaii
ia?a?iciiae?e ?ano?n?a i?ae ai?iiith ? oeea?eueiith noa?aie o
a?aeiia?aeiino? aei i??i?eoao?a e?a?ie oa noai?aiiy iaoe?iiaeueiiai AIE.

I?ciaiiy eiiaa?n?? c oi/ee ci?o i?e/eiii-iane?aeeiai?
aca?ii-iaoiiaeaiino? /eiiee?a iieeaaeaii a iniiao aecia/aiiy eiiaa?n??
AIE ye eaoaai???, yea iaoiiaeth? iie?oe/i?, ai?ii?, aeiiii?/i? oa
nioe?aeuei? a?aeiineie, ui neeaaeathoueny i?e aeei?enoaii? ?ano?n?a,
aea?eueiaieo o i?ioean? ?icca?i?iiy, oi?ioaaiiy iaoe?iiaeueiiai AIE oa
ia?a?iciiae?eo ?ano?n?a i?ae ai?iiith oa oeea?eueiith noa?aie
a?aeiia?aeii aei i??i?eoao?a e?a?ie.

*eiieee eiiaa?n?? AIE Oe?a?ie o cacia/aiiio ia??iae? ae?thoue
ia??aiicia/ii. Aecia/aiiy i?ia?aeiiai /eiieea aeicaieeei c?iaeoe
ia??iaeecaoe?th eiiaa?n?? AIE oa i?iaiae?coaaoe no?aoaa?th eiiaa?n?? o
eiaeiiio c cacia/aieo ia??iae?a. O aeena?oaoe?eiiio aeine?aeaeaii?
no?aoaa?th eiiaa?n?? AIE aecia/aii ye neeaaeiao /anoeio aea?aeaaii?
iie?oeee ?icaeoeo AIE, aiia ia?aaeaa/a? anoaiiaeaiiy iaoe oa caaea/
eiiaa?n??, niinia?a oa iaoiae?a ?o ae??oaiiy. Ia no/aniiio aoai?
no?aoaa?y eiiaa?n?? aecia/aia Eiioeaioe??th aea?aeaaii? i?iieneiai?
iie?oeee Oe?a?ie, o ?ic?iaoe? yei? a?aa aaciina?aaeith o/anoue aaoi?.

?ic?iaeo i?aeoiae?a uiaei ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE aeeiiaii
ia iniia? ?? eiie?aoecaoe?? ia aea?aeaaiiio, a?aeii/iio oa ae-?iaie/iio
??aiyo oi?aae?iiy. Eiiaa?n?th aeine?aeaeaii ye e?oiio iaoeiao, iie?oe/io
oa nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/io i?iaeaio, aea o?nii aca?iiiia’ycai? aea?
noi?iie oeueiai iiiyooy: ai?iia oa oeea?eueia. Iiaeaiiy eiiaa?n?? ye
aca?iiae?? aeaio noi??i aeicaieeei aecia/eoe eiiaa?n?eio nenoaio ye
neeaaeio aeeiai?/io nenoaio, yea ooieoe?iio? o iaaeao ai?iii? aeiiii?ee,
?? aeaiaioaie aenooiathoue aea?eueiai? c ai?iii? noa?e iaoa??aeuei?,
o?iainia? oa nioe?aeuei? ?ano?ne, ye? aeei?enoiaothoueny aeey iio?aa
aeiiii?ee e?a?ie. Ia iniia? nenoaiiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aecia/aii ca’ycee
eiiaa?n?eii? nenoaie c ?ioeie nenoaiaie a?eueo aeuiai ??aiy oa
anoaiiaeaii /eiieee oi?ioaaiiy no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE (iie?oe/i?,
ai?ii?, i?aaia?, aeiiii?/i?, nioe?aeuei?), a oaeiae aecia/aii no?aoaa?th
eiiaa?n?? noiniaii aei eiaeiiai ??aiy (?en.1).

Ia aea?aeaaiiio ??ai? oi?aae?iiy ci?ia i?iii?oe?e ?iciiae?eo ?ano?n?a
cae?enith?oueny ??cieie iaoiaeaie. Aeey iaoeiaiai i?ciaiiy aeei?enoaii
iiaeaethaaiiy eiiaa?n?eieo i?ioean?a. Ia iae?iaeiiii?/iiio ??ai?
aeae?eaii aea? iiaeae? aeiiii?/ieo aca?iia?aeiinei oaeeo no?oe-oo?ieo
ooai?thaaiue, yeeie aenooia? any aeiiii?ea Oe?a?ie oa ?? aeinoaoiuei
aaaiia /anoeia – AIE. Aiae?c aeae?eaieo aca?iia?aeiinei ia? ?noioia
cia/aiiy aeey ?ic?iaee no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE Oe?a?ie ia aea?aeaaiiio
??ai?, ui iaoiiaeaii ??cieoeath ii/aoeiaeo i?ioean?a oi?ioaaiiy
a?aeiinei aeey ia?oi? oa ae?oai? iiaeae?. Ia?oa iiaeaeue ia?aaeaa/a?
aaciina?aaei?e aieea AIE ia aeiiii?eo Oe?a?ie ca oiiae, ui inoaiiy
aeaaioai?ii aoaea aieeaaoe ia ?icaeoie naiiai AIE. A?aeiia?aeii aei
ae?oai? iiaeae? aeiiii?ea Oe?a?ie iiaeiia ni?eyoe ?icaeoeo AIE, yeee o
naith /a?ao aoaea ci?oeithaaoe aeiiii?eo Oe?a?ie.

Iaoiaeieia?th aecia/aiiy no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? aeiiii?/iiai iioaioe?aeo
AIE iiaoaeiaaii ia iniia? aeieaco a?iioac, a?aeiia?aeii aei yeeo
no?aoaa?y eiiaa?n??, ye ? iaoiaee, i?eioeeie oa i?aeoiaee uiaei ??
?aae?caoe??, ia iiaeooue aooe iaeiaeiaeie o an?o aaeocyo AIE, aiie
iathoue nai? iniaeeaino? ia aea?aeaaiiio, aaeocaaiio oa ae?iaie/iio
??aiyo; no?oeoo?ecaoe?y AIE aeicaieeoue aeae?eeoe ie?ai? eiai naeoi?e,
aeey yeeo iiaeooue aooe aecia/ai? ?aeei? i?aeoiaee uiaei no?aoaa??
eiiaa?n?? oa iaoai?cio ?? ?aae?caoe??. Aeieac a?iioac aeeiiaii ia iniia?
aiae?co aaeocaaiai ?iciiae?eo i?aoe? oa aeae?eaiiy oaeeo oe?eae
ia?a?iciiae?eo ?ano?n?a i?ae ai?iiith oa oeea?eueiith noa?aie:
noai?aiiy caieiaiiai

oeeeeo ai?iiiai ae?iaieoeoaa; noai?aiiy ae?iaieoeoaa neeaaeieo aeae?a
ai?iii? oa oeea?eueii? i?iaeoeoe??, yea oa?aeoa?eco?oueny o?eaaeei
ae-?iaie/ei oeeeeii (?aeaoii-eini?/ia oaoi?ea, aa?aoe?eia oaoi?ea oa
ii?nuee? noaeia); noai?aiiy ae?iaieoeoaa i?iaeoeoe??, ui
aeei?enoiao?oueny a a?enueeia?e, oa oeea?euei?e noa?ao
(?aae?ii?iieneia?noue, aeaeo?iiia i?iieneia?noue, i?iieneia?noue cania?a
ca’yceo); noai?aiiy noaoai oeea?eueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa.

A?aeiia?aeii aei aecia/aii? iaoe AIE i?aaenoaaeaii o aeaeyae? /ioe?ueio
naeoi??a, eiaeiee c yeeo ia? naith iiaeaeue ia?aoai?aiiy ?ano?n?a. Ia?oa
iiaeaeue – iiaeaeue niaoeae?iaieoeoaa. O iaaeao oe??? iiaeae? aeae?eai?
?ano?ne ni?yiiaaii ia oi?ioaaiiy iai?iiii? i?iieneiaino?, yea
a?aeiia?aea? Aea?aeaai?e i?ia?ai? aoae?aieoeoaa oa ?icaeoeo Ca?ieieo nee
Oe?a?ie. Ae?oaa iiaeaeue – aaiethoe?eia iiaeaeue, aiia
oa-?aeoa?eco?oueny iinooiiaei, aaiethoe?eiei ia?aoai?aiiyi ?ano?n?a, yea
aeicaiey? aeei?enoiaoaaoe aeiiii?/iee iioaioe?ae AIE aeey aeaioiaeaiiy
neeaaeii? oaoi?ee c o?eaaeei ae?iaie/ei oeeeeii. O?aoy iiaeaeue –
iiaeaeue iiaea?eiiai aeei?enoaiiy ?ano?n?a. Oey iiaeaeue ia ia?aaeaa/a?
e?euee?nieo ci?i ia ?ano?niiio ??ai? ai?iii? aeiiii?ee. Iaeiae ye?ni?
ci?ie caaacia/othoue aeione oeea?eueii? i?iaeoeoe?? ca i?eioeeiii
oaoiieia?/ii? noi?niino?. *aoaa?oa iiaeaeue

– iiaeaeue cai?uaiiy. Aiia ia?aaeaa/a? aeei?enoaiiy o oeea?eueieo
oe?eyo ?ano?n?a, ye? aea?eueiaii c

noa?e ai?iiiai ae?iaieoeoaa.

Eeaneo?eaoe?th eiiaa?n?eieo i?ioean?a iai?iiii? i?iieneiaino? ia ??ai?
aca?iiae?? aea?aeaaii? nenoaie, ai?iii? aeiiii?ee oa eiiaa?n?eii?
nenoaie i?eaaaeaii ia ?en. 2.

??AAIUe

ACA?IIAe?? I I AeA E ?aea?aeaaii? nenoaie

oa ai?iii? aeiiii?ee AIE – A* -AIE A – AIE – ANAEOI? INAEOI?
IINAEOI? IIINAEOI? IVai?iii? aeiiii?ee

oa eiiaa?n?eii?

nenoaieiiaeaeue

niaoeae?ia-

ieoeoaaaaiethoe?eia

iiaeaeueiiaeaeue iiaea?e-

iiai aeei?enoaiiy ?ano?n?aiiaeaeue

cai?uaiiy

I?aei?e?inoaa

aenieiai nooiaiy i?e?oa?ecaoe??iecueeiai

nooiaiy

i?e?oa?ecaoe?? * Aeiiii?ea

?en. 2. Eeaneo?eaoe?y
eiiaa?n?eieo i?ioean?a

O i?ioean? ia?a?iciiae?eo ?ano?n?a aeae?eaii i?aei?e?inoaa, ye? iathoue
aenieii?e?oa?eciaaia ae?iaieoeoai, oa i?aei?e?inoaa iecueeiai nooiaiy
i?e?oa?ecaoe??, ye? iathoue cia/i? aeiiii?/i? naiaiaee aeey ?icaeoeo
?eieiaeo a?aeiinei.

?icae?e 2. No?aoaa?y eiiaa?n?? ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo AIE Oe?a?ie.
Ae?iaie/ee iioaioe?ae AIE – oea noeoiia caeaoi?noue iai?iiii?
i?iieneiaino? ae?iaeyoe i?iaeoeoe?th ai?iiiai oa oeea?eueiiai
i?ecia/aiiy. A?i aecia/a?oueny ianyaii ae?iaie/eo iiooaeiinoae
i?aei?e?inoa oa caeaaeeoue a?ae ??aiy ?o ?icaeoeo.

?ic?iaeo no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo aeeiiaii ia iniia?
ii??aiyeueiiai aiae?co aeeiai?ee aeiiii?/ieo iieaciee?a i?aei?e?inoa
AIE, ye? ca?oiiaaii o iaaeao aeae?eaieo naeoi??a, ? aiae?co aeaea?ae
o?iainoaaiiy eiiaa?n??. I?iaaaeaiee aiae?c ia aeicaiey? aeaoe iiceoeaio
ioe?ieo aeei?enoaiith ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo c iaoith ae?iaieoeoaa
ai?iii? oa oeea?eueii? i?iaeoeoe??, ui iia’ycaii c iecueeei ??aiai
ae?iaieoeoaa i?iaeoeoe??, ?aioaaaeueiino?, iacia/iith ieoiiith aaaith
aenii?oo, a?aenooi?noth noaa?eueieo aeaea?ae o?iainoaaiiy. Inoaii?
iaoiiaeaii ianaiia?aae a?aenooi?noth ia?niaeoea iie?auaiiy ?o
o?iainiaiai noaio. Neooaoe?y, ui neeaeany, iaoiiaeea iaiao?aei?noue
?icaeyaeo ieoaiue ia o?eueee ae?iaie/i-ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino?
i?aei?e?inoa, aea e aeiaaa? i?iaaaeaiiy aiae?co neooaoe?? o aaeoc?
?eieiaeo ia?aoai?aiue AIE c iaoith ?ic?iaee no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n??
ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aiae?co aecia/aii, ui a oiiaao
?eieiaeo ia?aoai?aiue no?aoaa?y eiiaa?n?? ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo AIE
neeaaea?oueny c aoaeoeaiiai aeei?enoaiiy ae?iaie/eo iiooaeiinoae, ye? ia
caeiyo? iai?iiiei caiiaeaiiyi oa ia aoiaeyoue aei ?ic?yaeo
iia?e?caoe?eieo, a ?ioa?anao aeiiii?ee e?a?ie ? caaacia/aiiy aeiiii?/ii?
no?eeino? i?aei?e?inoa, ?icaeoeo ?o aenii?oieo iiaeeeainoae ia iniia?
no?oeoo?ii? ia?aaoaeiae i?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa, aeei?enoaiiy
ia?aaeiaeo oaoiieia?e oa ci?oaieo oi?i aeaniino?.

Iecueeee ??aaiue caaaioaaeaiiy i?aei?e?inoa iai?iiieie caiiaeaiiyie
iio?aao? a oiiaao ia?aoiaeo aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei aeeaa?neo?eaoe??
ai?iiiai ae?iaieoeoaa i?aei?e?inoa oeyoii ia?ai?io?ethaaiiy ae?iaie/eo
iiooaeiinoae ia oeea?eueio i?iaeoeoe?th. O iniia? oeueiai i?ioeano
iiaeiia aooe aeeaiea oaoiieia?/ia ia?aaoaeiaa AIE, yea ia?aaeaa/a?
aeei?enoaiiy i?ia?aneaieo oaoiieia?e. Aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacaee, ui
aeeaa?neo?eaoe?y ai?iiiai ae?iaieoeoaa iaea?eueo oni?oii cae?enith?oueny
a oiiaao i?eaaoecaoe?? oa ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??. Cia/ou?noue inoaiiuei?
aecia/a?oueny oei, ui eiiaa?n?ei? ?ano?ne, ye? aea?eueiythoueny, – oea
?ano?ne aee?aeoeaii ea?iaaii? aeiiii?ee, aea iaa i?noea aeo?aoiee iaoiae
ainiiaea?thaaiiy. Aiie iiaeii? aooe aaeaioiaai? aei ?eieiaeo oiia.
?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?y i?e oeueiio ? iaeiei c iaiao?aeieo caoiae?a oaei?
aaeaioaoe??.

Ia iniia? aecia/aiiy caaaeaiue ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? aeey eiaeiiai c
aeae?eaieo naeoi??a cai?iiiiiaaii iaoai?ci ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??
i?aei?e?inoa. Noiniaii aei naeoi?a niaoeiaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy
?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?y ia? aooe ni?yiiaaia ia aeae?eaiiy ae?iaie/eo
i?ae?icae?e?a, ye? a?aeiia?aeathoue ianyao aeioneo IAO ca?aeii c
Aea?aeaaiith i?ia?aiith aoae?aieoeoaa oa ?icaeoeo Ca?ieieo nee Oe?a?ie;
aeae?eaiiiy ae?iaie/eo i?ae?icae?e?a, ye? aeicaieythoue ae?iaeyoe
oeea?eueio i?iaeoeoe?th ia iniia? iiaea?eieo oaoiieia?e; aeae?eaiiy
iiooaeiinoae, ye? i?aeeyaathoue i?iaeaaeo ia ne?iaeiiiio ?eieo. Naeoi?
aaiethoe?eiee ia? caaaeaiiy ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??, ye? iieyaathoue
ianaiia?aae o noai?aii? iiaeo ?eieiaeo no?oeoo?, ui aeicaieythoue
aoaeoeaii ?ioaa?oaaoeny o i?aeia?iaeiee ?iciiae?e i?aoe? i?e
aeaioiaeaii? neeaaeii? oaoi?ee c o?eaaeei ae?iaie/ei oeeeeii. Nthaee
iiaeia a?aeianoe noai?aiiy i?aeia?iaeieo oieaeeiaiaeo eiiiai?e ?
o?iainiai-i?iieneiaeo a?oi, eiini?oe?oi?a, ei?ii?aoe?e. Aei naeoi?a
iiaea?eiiai aeei?enoaiiy ?ano?n?a aoiaeyoue aaeoc?, aea iniiaiei
caaaeaiiyi ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? ? noai?aiiy i?aei?e?inoa iioeiaeueieo
?ici???a. Iaoiiaeaii oea oei, ui oe? i?aei?e?inoaa o ieioeiio
noai?thaaeeny ye e?oii? iaoeiiaoae?ai? caaiaee c iaeneiaeueii caieiaiei
oeeeeii ae?iaieoeoaa aecia/aieo aeae?a ae?ia?a. Oaeee i?aeo?ae aei
i?aai?caoe?? oa niaoe?ae?caoe?? caa??aaany aeiaa? ?iee oa i?iaeiaaeo?
?nioaaoe e aein?. Iaeiae niaoe?ae?ciaaiee caaiae iiaeiai aooe o ?aeaae?
neeaaeaeueiei, yeee ia? o aeaniiio ae?iaieoeoa? o?eueee iniiai?, ye
i?aaeei, i?ea?iaeuei? aeaoae?, aocee, eiiiiiaioe, nenoaie, ui
aecia/athoue oaoi?/iee ??aaiue oa aenieoaoaoe?ei? yeino? ae?ia?a.

O aeena?oaoe?? iaa?oioiaaii iaiao?aei?noue noai?aiiy o i?ioean?
?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? naiiea?iaaieo o??i, i???ioiaaieo ia ae?iaieoeoai oa
caoo niaoe?ae?ciaaii? i?iaeoeoe??, ?ia?o oa iineoa. Aeo?ae a?o/eciyieo
i?aei?e?inoa ia ca?oa?aei? ?eiee iio?aao? aeei?enoaiiy i?aeia?iaeiiai
noaiaea?oo ISO 9000. Aeey i?aei?e?inoa, ui ?ano?oeoo?ecothoueny,
cai?iiiiiaaii i?aai?caoe?eio no?oeoo?o, a?aeiia?aeio oeueiio noaiaea?oo,
aecia/ai? oiiae eiai iaea?aeaiiy, a oaeiae oiiae iaea?aeaiiy
?a?iiaenueeiai noaiaea?oo yeino?.

I?aeoiaee uiaei ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? aea?aeaaieo i?aei?e?inoa, aaeeeeo oa
iaeeo, caeoeiaeo oa i?eaooeiaeo, ye? iathoue nioe?aeueio noa?o ? ye? ia
iathoue ??, ia iiaeooue aooe ??aiicia/ieie. A?eueo oiai, ia an?
aea?aeaai? i?aei?e?inoaa o neeo niaoeeo?/ieo i?e/ei iiaeooue aooe
?ano?oeoo?eciaai?. Aeina?ae na?ae/eoue, ui ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?y aea?aeaaieo
i?aei?e?inoa – oea o?eaaeee i?ioean, yeee iio?aao? iayaiino?
o?iainiai-aeiiii?/ieo ?aaoeyoi??a, i?aai?caoe?eii? i?aeo?eiee c aieo
i?i?noa?noa oa a?aeiinoa, a oaeiae iaiao?aeii? caeiiiaeaa/i? aace.

O aeena?oaoe?? iaa?oioiaaii iaiao?aei?noue ?ic?iaee i?ia?aie
?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? aea?aeaaieo i?aei?e?inoa AIE oa cai?iiiiiaaii ??
no?oeoo?o (?en. 3).

?en. 3. No?oeoo?a i?ia?aie
?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? aea?aeaaieo i?aei?e?inoa

?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?y ? aaaeeeaith ia?aaeoiiaith noai?aiiy iiaeo
i?aai?caoe?eieo oi?i i?aei?e?inoa, o oiio /ene? oieaeeiaiaeo eiiiai?e,
eiini?oe?oi?a, o?iainiai-i?iieneiaeo a?oi (OIA). O AIE Oe?a?ie /a?ac
iaaeie?ee o caeiiiaeaa/?e aac? iiee ui ia ca?a?no?iaaii aeiaeii?
o?iainiai-i?iieneiai? a?oie. Oei /anii ia?aaeoiiae noai?aiiy OIA
aeinoaoiuei aaeee? o iai?yieao aeeiiaiiy oe?eueiaeo eiiieaenieo
iaoeiai-oaoi?/ieo i?ia?ai (OeEIOI), ye? ia?aaeaa/athoue ae?iaieoeoai
neeaaeii? ? aei?iai? i?iaeoeoe??, ui iio?aao? aaee/acieo ?ano?n?a,
aaeeeeo o?iainiaeo aeo?ao oa ia’?aeiaieo coneeue o i?iaaaeaii?
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo oa aeine?aeii-eiino?oeoi?nueeeo ?ia?o.

Aea?aeaaia ?aaeaiaioaoe?y noai?aiiy oa ae?yeueiino? OIA a oiiaao
iaiaaeaiino? iiaeeeainoae o?iainoaaiiy OeEIOI iiaeiia caaacia/eoe ca
oeeie iai?yieaie noaiiaeaiiy a oe?a?inuee?e aeiiii?oe? aoae-oeaieo
ei?ii?aoeaieo no?oeoo?, aaeaeaaoieo oei, c yeeie oe?a?inuee?
i?aei?e?inoaa ciooai? eiieo?oaaoe ia aioo??oi?o oa ciai?oi?o ?eieao. Oea
aeicaieeoue ae??oeoe i?iaeaio i?aai?caoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy OeEIOI,
iineeeoe iaeiia? ca’ycee i?ae o/anieeaie i?ia?aie, ui aoaea ni?eyoe
?aae?caoe?? OeEIOI.

Noai?aiiy OIA, yea ia?aaeaa/a? aeaioiaeaiiy i?iaeoeoe?? c o?eaaeei
ae?iaie/ei oeeeeii (?aeaoii-eini?/ii? oaoi?ee, aa?aoaoi?ee, noaeai), ia
iiaea aooe i?a?iaaoeaith o?eueee eeoa Oe?a?ie, oiio ui aeaioiaeaiiy
oe??? i?iaeoeoe?? ia?aaeaa/a? oe?ieo eiiia?aoe?th i?aoe? ia
i?aeia?iaeiiio ??ai?, yea iio?aao? i?eaaaeaiiy Caeiio Oe?a?ie “I?i
i?iieneiai-o?iainia? a?oie” aei ii?i i?aeia?iaeiiai i?aaa.

?icae?e 3. No?aoaa?y eiiaa?n?? oaoiieia?/iiai iioaioe?aeo. Oe?a?ia,
iaea?aeaaoe aea?aeaaio iacaeaaei?noue, io?eiaea o niaaeueio aaaeeo
no?oeoo?o, iaaei??i? iiooaeiino? o a?enueeia?e ?iaeono???, oaoiieia?/ii
a?aenoaea oeea?eueia ae?iaieoeoai, a oaeiae i?aai?caoe?eii-oaoi?/io
nenoaio, yea aeyaeeany ianoi?niith c ?icaeoeii ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei,
aieiaiith ?enith yeeo ? ?iiiaaoe?eia ae?yeuei?noue i?aaei?e?ioe?a, ui
i?aeo?eio?oueny nenoaiith aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy. Ae??oaiiy iacaaieo
i?iaeai, ia?aaoaeiaa oaoi?ei-oaoiieia?/ii? nenoaie, iacaaaeath/e ia
i?inoiai?noue ?eieiaeo ?aoi?i o ?ioeo aaeocyo, eaea iia?eueii oa ia?
aaeee? neeaaeiiu? o iai?iiiiio naeoi?? aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie, ui iaoiiaeth?
a?aenooi?noue i?ia?aneaieo ci?i o oaoiieia?/i?e aac? i?aei?e?inoa, ye?
eiiaa?nothoueny. Oei /anii iio?aaa o oaeeo ci?iao aeoaea aaeeea.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacaee, ui a Oe?a?i? caaino?eeany i?iaeaia
oaoiieia?/ii? aaciaee e?a?ie.

Oaa?aeaeaiiy i?i aenieee ??aaiue ai?iieo oaoiieia?e
?iciia-nthaeaeo?oueny ia ia an? naeoi?e AIE. Oiio aeei?enoiaoaaoe o
oeea?eueiiio ae?iaieoeoa? ne?ae oaoiieia??, ye? ? iaeiie/aiei
oaoiieia?/iei iioaioe?aeii AIE. No?aoaa?y eiiaa?n?? oaoiieia?/iiai
iioaioe?aeo iieyaa? a oi?ioaaii? oa ?icoe?aii? yae?a ia?niaeoeaieo
oaoiieia?e, ye? iaiao?aei? aeey oe?ieiianooaaiiai oaoiieia?/iiai
ia?aica?i?iiy oeea?eueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa, caaacia/aiiy aeioneo
i?iaeoeoe?? ia ??ai? na?oiaeo noaiaea?o?a. Noai?aiiy oaoiieia?/iiai
yae?a iiaeiii caaacia/eoe noeioethaaiiy ye?nieo c?ooaiue o oaoiieia?yo,
a oiio /ene? ?ic?iaee oaoiieia?e iiaea?eiiai i?ecia/aiiy oa e?eoe/ieo
oaoiieia?e.

Iaeiei c oeyo?a oi?ioaaiiy oaoiieia?/iiai yae?a ? i?iaeaae IAO ia
na?oiaiio ?eieo, ui a oiiaao e?ece ? iaeaaaeeea?oei aeaea?aeii
o?iainoaaiiy ?ic?iaee aenieeo oaoiieia?e. Aaeoc? oa ae?iaieoeoaa, ye?
aieiae?thoue aenieeie oaoiieia?yie, – oea ?aeaoii-eini?/ia oa
aa?aoe?eia. Iniaeeai aaaeeeaa ?ieue o noai?aii? oaoiieia?/iiai yae?a
iaeaaeeoue ?aae?ii?iieneiaino?, aeaeo?iii?e i?iieneiaino? oa
i?iieneiaino? cania?a ca’yceo. Cia/ou?noue oeeo aaeocae o noai?aii?
oaoiieia?/iiai yae?a iaoiiaeaia ?o ?ieeth o oi?ioaaii? i?ia?aneaiiai
oaoiieia?/iiai oeeaaeo.

Oi?ioaaiiy oaoiieia?/iiai yae?a iaoiiaeth? iaiao?aei?noue aecia/aiiy
i?ia?aneaieo oaoiieia?e ii ae?iaieoeoao IAO, ye? iiaeeeai iinoaaeyoe ia
?eiie oaoiieia?e. Aeei?enoaiiy oaoiieia?/iiai yae?a o cia/i?e i???
aecia/a?oueny ?icaeoeii ?eieo oaoiieia?e. Cai?iiiiiaaii aeae?eyoe
aeae?eueea eiai naaiaio?a c a?aooaaiiyi aoaeoeaiino? ia?aaea/?
oaoiieia?e (?en.4).

?en. 4. Naaiaioe ?eieo oaoiieia?e

Noai?aiith oaoiieia?/iiai yae?a o cia/i?e i??? ni?ey? eiiaa?n?y
oaoiieia?e, i?ae yeith ?icoi??oueny ia?aaea/a o oeea?eueia ae?iaieoeoai
noeoiiino? iaoiae?a ia?iaee, aeaioiaeaiiy, ci?ie aeanoeainoae, oi?i
ne?iaeie oa iaoa??ae?a, ye? canoiniaothoueny i?e ?ic?iaoe?, ae?iaieoeoa?
? aeei?enoaii? ica?i?iue oa a?enueeiai? oaoi?ee.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy eiiaa?n?? oaoiieia?e coiiaeei ?icaeyiooe eiiaa?n?th ye
yaeua – aeei?enoaiiy o oeea?eueiiio ae?iaieoeoa? ai?iieo oaoiieia?e, ye?
?ic?iaeaii oa ai?iaiaaii; oa ye i?ioean – eiiaa?n?y
aeine?aeii-eiino?oeoi?nueeeo ?ic?iaie, eiee ia noaae?? i?iaeooaaiiy
caeeaaeathoueny i?eioeeie aeei?enoaiiy oaoiieia?e o oeea?eueiiio
ae?iaieoeoa? (?en. 5).

Eiiaa?n?th oaoiieia?e ye i?ioean aeine?aeaeaii ia iniia? aecia/aiiy
noaae?e ?ic?iaee oaoiieia?e. Aeey oeueiai aoea aeei?enoaia eiioeaioe?y
?iiiaaoe?eiiai eaioethaeea. Aeiaaaeaii, ui eiiaa?n?y iiaea
cae?enithaaoeny noiniaii eiaeii? eaiee ?iiiaaoe?eiiai eaioethaeea.
Iaeiae aiia ia?

?en.5. Noaia eiiaa?n?? oaoiieia?e ia aoai? ?o ?ic?iaee oa
aeei?enoaiiy

nai? iniaeeaino? o eiaeiiio c aeae?eaieo naeoi??a AIE. O naeoi?ao
niaoeiaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy, aaiethoe?eiiio oa iiaea?eiiai aeei?enoaiiy
?ano?n?a o oeea?eueia ae?iaieoeoai iiaeooue ia?aaeaaaoeny

?acoeueoaoe ooiaeaiaioaeueieo oa i?eeeaaeieo aeine?aeaeaiue;
?acoeueoaoe, ye? io?eiaii i?e aeine?aeiiio ae?iaieoeoa?, i?aeaioiaoe?
aei ae?iaieoeoaa oa naiiio ae?iaieoeoa?. Aeioe?euei?noue oaeiai
i?aeoiaeo iiynith?oueny oei, ui ?ic?iaea ai?iii? oaoiieia?? – oea
aeiaaino?ieiaee i?ioean, yeee iio?aao? cia/ieo o?iainiaeo eioo?a oa
aenieieaae?o?eiaaieo eaae??a.

?icae?e 4. No?aoaa?y eiiaa?n?? iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai iioai-oe?aeo.
I?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacaee, ui iaoeiai-oaoi?/iee ii-oaioe?ae
iaeiie/aii iaoeiaeie i?aai?caoe?yie AIE. Iayaiee iaoeiai-oaoi?/iee
iioaioe?ae ia aeei?enoiao?oueny o iiai?e i??? i? aeey ?ic?iaee
iai?iiieo, i? oeea?eueieo i?iaeo?a. Aaaaoi i?aai?caoe?e iathoue IAeAeE?,
ye? cae?i/aii oa iio?aaothoue ai?iaaaeaeaiiy, i?e/iio aaaaoi c ieo
a?aeiia?aeathoue ??aith na?oiaeo noaiaea?o?a.

Aaaeeeaa ?ieue a ia?aoiae? iaoeiaeo i?aai?caoe?e AIE aei ?eieiaeo
a?aeiinei iaeaaeeoue eiiaa?n?? oa aeeaa?neo?eaoe??. I?ae eiiaa?n??th
iaoeiaeo i?aai?caoe?e ne?ae ?icoi?oe ia?ai?io?ethaaiiy e?oiieo
naiino?eieo iaeeieoeue ainiiaea?thaaiiy (IAe?, EA, eaai?aoi??e) aai
ie?aieo ?o i?ae?icae?e?a, ye? ia iathoue iai?iiieo caiiaeaiue ii
a?enueeiaeo IAeAeE? oa ye? ia iaeaaeaoue aei neeaaeo iia?e?caoe?eieo, ia
?ic?iaee oeea?eueiiai i?ecia/aiiy. Aeeaa?neo?eaoe?y iaoeiaeo
i?aai?caoe?e icia/a? ?icoe?aiiy noa?e ?o ae?yeueiino? ca ?aooiie aeioneo
iaoeiaiai i?iaeoeoo oeea?eueiiai i?ecia/aiiy. Aeine?aeaeaiiy
iieacothoue, ui a iniia? aeeaa?neo?eaoe?? iiaeiia eaaeaoe aeeaiea
oaoiieia?/ia ia?aaoaeiaa iaoeiai-oaoi?/ii? aace, ia?ao?ae ia oaoiieia??
iiaea?eiiai canoinoaaiiy. Iaoeiai-oaoi?/iee iioaioe?ae AIE iiaeiai o
iaea?eueo?e i??? caaacia/oaaoe noai?aiiy aenieioaoiieia?/ii? i?iieneiai?
iaoe?iiaeueii? aace. Oiio eiai ne?ae i???iooaaoe ia o?eueee ia
?aae?caoe?th caaea/ o aaeoc? ai?iiiai aoae?aieoeoaa, aea e ia
caaacia/aiiy oaoiiei-a?/iiai i?ia?ano iaoe?iiaeueii? aeiiii?ee.

O iniia? eiiaa?n?? oa aeeaa?neo?eaoe?? iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai ii-oaioe?aeo
AIE iiaeiii aooe ?aoi?ioaaiiy ia?aae? iaoeiaeo i?aai?caoe?e c iaoith
caaacia/aiiy i?iaaaeaiiy i??i?eoaoieo aeine?aeaeaiue oa ?ic?iaie c
o?aooaaiiyi ?aaeueieo ?ano?nieo iaiaaeaiue. Oea aeicaieeoue
neiioeaio?oaaoe coneeey oa ?ano?ne ia ?ic?iaoe? ? noai?aii?
aenieiaoaeoeaieo oa eiieo?aioini?iiiaeieo c?ace?a IAO, a oaeiae
caaacia/eoe oiiae ia iniia? aeei?enoaiiy oaoiieia?e iiaea?eiiai
canoinoaaiiy aeey oaoiieia?/iiai ?eieo, aeey ?ioaineaieo oaoiieia?/ieo
no?oeoo?ieo c?ooaiue a aeiiii?oe? e?a?ie.

No?aoaa?y eiiaa?n?? iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai iioaioe?aeo AIE neeaaea?oueny c
i?iaaaeaiiy oe?eani?yiiaaii? iie?oeee uiaei ia?ai?io?ethaaiiy
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?inoeooo?a, ?o ie?aieo i?ae?icae?e?a ? eaai?aoi??e,
ye? ia caaaioaaeaii iai?iiieie caiiaeaiiyie oa ye? ia iio?aieee aei
?ic?yaeo iia?e?caoe?eieo, ia ?icaeoie i??i?eoaoieo iai?yie?a o aaeoc?
noai?aiiy oaoi?ee oa oaoiieia?e, o oiio /ene? iaoe?iiaeueieo e?eoe/ieo
oaoiieia?e.

?aae?caoe?y no?aoaa?? iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai iioaioe?aeo iaoiiaeaia
iio?aaith cai?ie a?aeiinei aee?aeoeaii? aeiiii?ee ?eieiaeie a?aeiineiaie
i?e ?ic?iaoe? iiaiai i?iaeoeoo. Ai?iaaaeaeaiith ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei
ni?eythoue no?oeoo?i? ia?aoai?aiiy iaoeiaeo i?aai?caoe?e, ye? ni?yiiaai?
ia noai?aiiy i?ae?icae?e?a, ui caaacia/othoue i?inoaaiiy iaoeiaeo
?ic?iaie ia ?eiie. Cai?iiiiiaaii eiaeiee iai?yiie iaoeiai-oaoi?/ieo
?ic?iaie aeae?eeoe a ie?ai? i?ae?icae?ee. I?iiiceoe?? caiaeyoueny aei
noai?aiiy no?oeoo?e ?inoeoooo ca i?aaeiaoii ?ic?iaee, a ana?aaeei? – ca
ooieoe?yie. I?aaeiaoii iiaeooue aenooiaoe, iai?eeeaae, iaaee/i? i?eeaaee
oa i?eeaaee ca’yceo. Ooieoe?? uiaei i?aaeiaoa ?ic?iaee aeeth/athoue
?ic?iaeo, eiino?othaaiiy, oaoiieia?th, iaeaooaaiiy. Cai?iiiiiaaiee
i?aeo?ae aeicaiey? aeey eiaeiiai i?aaeiaoa ?ic?iaee noai?eoe iiaiee
oeeee.

Iaoeia? i?ae?icae?ee AIE Oe?a?ie iiaeooue iinoaaeyoe ia ?eiie ia o?eueee
oaoiieia??, aea e aioiaee i?iaeoeo, ?ic?iaeaiee ia iniia? aeei?enoaiiy
eiiaa?n?eieo oaoiieia?e. O ?iaio? cai?iiiiiaaii i?aeoiaee uiaei ?ic?iaee
iiaiai i?iaeoeoo c a?aooaaiiyi aeiia ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei. Aeiaaaeaii, ui
oaeaeea oa aoaeoeaia i?inoaaiiy iiaeo ae?ia?a ia ?eiie ? aaaeeeaith
oiiaith i?eaooeiaino? i?aai?caoe?e. Iaiao?aei?noue oaeaeei? oa
aoaeoeaii? ?ic?iaee iiaeo ae?ia?a iaoiiaeaii c?inoaiiyi eiieo?aioe??,
?ic?iaeith oa canoinoaaiiyi iiaeo oaoiieia?e, o oiio /ene? eiiaa?n?eieo,
nei?i/aiiyi aeeoo?aeo oeeee?a ae?ia?a, c?inoaiiyi iiaeeeainoae
niiaeea/iai aeai?o. I?e aecia/aii? no?aoaa?? ?ic?iaee ae?ia?a iaiao?aeii
iaoe no?aoaa?/ia ieaioaaiiy, ?iaeoe nenoaiaoe/i? iaeyaee iai?yie?a
a?ciano oa ?iaioe ?inoeoooo.

Ia?ao?ae IAe? aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei iaoiiaeth? iaiao?aei?noue
?ioaa?aoe?? iaoeiaeo oa ae?iaie/eo i?ae?icae?e?a c ?iicaiieie o??iaie.
I?iaaaeaii aiae?c oa ocaaaeueiaiiy ieoaiue oaei? ?ioaa?aoe?? i?e
aeeiiaii? i?aeia?iaeiiai i?iaeoo TACIS “Eiiaa?n?y oanoe i?aei?e?inoa
Oe?a?ie”. Anoaiiaeaii, ui ?? oni?o aecia/a?oueny iayai?noth
eiinoeueoaio?a oa niaoe?ae?no?a iaiao?aeieo i?ioan?e, ye? iathoue
aeina?ae i?aeia?iaeiiai ?iciianthaeaeaiiy oaoiieia?e; i???ioaoe??th
iaoeiaeo i?aai?caoe?e ia aeanio aai ?iicaiio oaoiieia?th; iayai?noth
cao?aeieo ia?oia??a aeey ni?eueiiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa; ?ic?iaeith
no?aoaa?? ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa; iayai?noth aeaea?ae o?iainoaaiiy.

A Oe?a?i? caiice/aiiy ia?aaeiaiai aeina?aeo eiiaa?n?? iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai
iioaioe?aeo ia? iaai? neeaaeiiu?, ye? iaoiiaeai? iie?oe/iith
ianoaa?euei?noth, a?aenooi?noth ni?eyoeeaiai ?iaanoeoe?eiiai ee?iaoo,
iani?eyoeeaeie noa?oiaeie aeiiii?/ieie oiiaaie ia?aoiaeo AIE aei
?eieiaeo a?aeiinei, aaaeeei o?iainiai-aeiiii?/iei noaiii iaoeiaeo
i?aai?caoe?e. Iaeiae iacaaaeath/e ia ?nioth/? neeaaeiiu? i?ioean
noai?aiiy ni?eueieo i?aei?e?inoa ii/aa iaae?aoe neee o AIE Oe?a?ie.
Oeueiio ni?eya ?yae aeiiii?/ieo ?aoi?i o AIE, a oiio /ene? ciyooy
?aaeeio nae?aoiino?, i?eaaoecaoe?y oa ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?y. Ni?euei?
i?aei?e?inoaa o ?iaio? ?icaeyioo? ye aoaeoeaiee can?a ?ic?iaee iiaeo
oaoiieia?e oa i?iaeoeoe??, caaacia/aiiy iaiao?aeieo ?ano?n?a oa
i?i-ieeiaiiy ia iia? ?eiee. Oni?oia ni?a?ia?oieoeoai aecia/a?oueny
no?aoaa??th ni?eueii? ae?yeueiino?, aca?iia?aeiineiaie i?ae ia?oia?aie,
?iaeea?aeoaeueieie iniaeeainoyie ia?oia??a ii ni?euei?e ae?yeueiino?.
I?e oeueiio iniaeeai aaaeeeaa ?ieue iaeaaeeoue no?aoaa?? iai?io, yea ?
aeainoi?iii?i iai?iii i?ae ia?oia?aie eaioethaeeaie ae?yeueiino?, ye?
aca?iiaeiiiaiththoueny, aai i?iaeoeoe??th. O aeena?oaoe?? ?ic?iaeaii oa
ai?iaiaaii ia AAO “Oiiac” no?oeoo?o oaeiai ni?eueiiai i?aei?e?inoaa. Oea
? iaiaaeaia e?euee?noue o?ce/ieo in?a, iniiaia caaaeaiiy yeeo
neeaaea?oueny c aecia/aiiy no?aoaa?? ae?yeueiino?, o oiio /ene? ?eie?a
caooo, i?iaaaeaiiy no?aoaa?? ia?eaoeiao, aecia/aiiy noa?e aeeaaeaiiy
?iaanoeoe?e. Cia/ou?noue iacaaieo /eiiee?a iieyaa? a oiio, ui ia an?
ni?euei? i?aei?e?inoaa, ye? noai?ththoueny, ooieoe?iiothoue ca?aeii c
aecia/aiith iaoith. Aaaaoi ni?eueieo i?aei?e?inoa ua aei noai?aiiy
i?eieiythoue nai? ?nioaaiiy.

?icae?e 5. Nioe?aeuei? aniaeoe eiiaa?n?? AIE. A aeena?oaoe??
iaa?oioiaaii ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei eiiaa?n?? o?oaeiaeo ?ano?n?a AIE, ye?
aecia/aii ye aeei?enoaiiy o oeea?euei?e noa?? eaae??a, ui
aea?eueiythoueny a ?acoeueoao? eiiaa?n?? AIE. Iio?aaa ?ic?iaee no?aoaa??
eiiaa?n?? o oeueiio iai?yieo aecia/a?oueny ?nioth/ith eiioeaio?aoe??th o
AIE cia/iiai eaae?iaiai iioaioe?aeo e?a?ie oa ianooaaaie eiai ciaioaiiy.
O ca’yceo c eiiaa?n??th o 1991-1995 ??. aoei aea?eueiaii 590 oen. /ie.
Ciaioaiiy /enaeueiino? caeiyoeo o 1995-1998 ??. iaea?eueo oaeaeeeie
oaiiaie eoei o aeaeo?ioaoi?/i?e i?iieneiaino? oa noaeiiaoaeoaaii?, aea
ca o?e ?iee /enaeuei?noue caeiyoeo ciaioeeany ia 42,9. A
?aae?iaeaeo?iii?e i?iieneiaino? ca oeae ia??iae /enaeuei?noue ciaioeeany
ia 38,7. A ?aoo? aaeocae ciaioaiiy neeaaeaei 25-30.

Aiae?c iieacaa, ui a aaeocyo, ye? ? i??i?eoaoieie o ?icaeoeo
iaoe?iiaeueiiai AIE, niinoa??aa?oueny a?aeoie aenieieaae?o?eiaaieo
eaae??a, ui iiaea iaaaoeaii aieeaaoe ia eiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy. Aeoiaey/e
c i??i?eoaoo oeeo aaeocae iaa?oioiaaii iio?aao noaa?e?caoe?? eaae?iaiai
iioaioe?aeo. Aeiaaaeaii, ui oey i?iaeaia iniaeeai aeooaeueia aeey
i?aei?e?inoa niaoeiaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy, ui iia’ycaii ye c? ciaioaiiyi
i?anoeaeo iai?iiieo i?aei?e?inoa, oae ? c a?aenooi?noth a Oe?a?i?
i?aeaioiaee niaoe?ae?no?a ii aaaaoueio a?enueeiai-oaoi?/ieo
niaoe?aeueiinoyo.

Eiie?aoi? oiiae ae??oaiiy i?iaeaie eiiaa?n?? eaae??a iao-iiaeaii oei, ui
oea ianaiia?aae nioe?aeueia i?iaeaia, yea iio?aao? iayaiino?
a?aeiia?aeieo iie?oe/ieo, aeiiii?/ieo oa i?aai?caoe?eieo oiia. Eiiaa?n?y
eaae??a ia?aaeaa/a? ?icaeoie aeaiaio?a ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei oa iayai?noue
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio, yeee aeeth/a? ?eiee i?aoe?,
oeaio?e caeiyoino?, oeaio?e ia?ai?aeaioiaee eaae??a (?en. 6).

I?ioean eiiaa?n?? eaae??a iiaea eoe ii o?ueio iai?yieao. Eaae?e, ui
aea?eueiythoueny, iiaeooue aooe i?aoeaaeaooiaai? ia i?aei?e?inoaao. Aiie
iiaeooue aooe i?aoeaaeaooiaai? /a?ac oeaio? caeiyoino?. I?e oeueiio
i?aoeaaeaoooaaiiy iiaeeeai i?e iayaiino? eieeoiuei? i?aeaioiaee, a
oaeiae iiaea cae?enithaaoeny /a?ac oeaio? ia?ai?aeaioiaee. Eaae?e, ui
aea?eueiythoueny, iiaeooue iiiaaeaoe ia ?eiie i?aoe? aaciina?aaeiuei
iica iaaeaie oeaio??a caeiyoino?. A oeae /an aeey eiiaa?n?? eaae??a AIE
Oe?a?ie o iaea?eueo?e i??? ? oa?aeoa?iei o?ao?e iai?yiie. ?aaeuei?
i?ioeane ia?a?iciiae?eo ?iai/i? neee i?ae aaeocyie oa ?aa?iiaie a oiiaao
?eieiaeo a?aeiinei iaoiiaeththoue iaiao?aei?noue aeeth/aiiy Oe?a?ie o
no?oeoo?o i?aeia?iaeiiai ?eieo i?aoe?.

A Oe?a?i? iaiao?aeii cae?enithaaoe caoiaee uiaei caa?aaeaiiy iaoeiaeo
eaae??a AIE. C oe??th iaoith o?aaa noai?thaaoe oeaio?e, ye? ciiaeooue
cae?enithaaoe eiiaa?n?th iaoee. Oae? oeaio?e o?aaa noai?thaaoe
ianaiia?aae aeey a/aieo, ye? ?ic?iaeyee no?aoaa?/ia ica?i?iiy.
Cai?iiiiiaaii aeey aenieieaae?o?eiaaieo oao?aoe?a, ye? aea?eueiythoueny
a ?acoeueoao? eiiaa?n?? oa ye? ia iiaeooue o iaeaeeae/ee /an aooe
caeo/aieie o noa?o oeea?eueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa, ai?iaaaeeoe no?aoaa?th
ia?aoiaeo a?ae ianeaiiai aei aeoeaiiai nioe?aeueiiai caoenoo oeyoii
aeieaoe nioe?aeueii? aeiiiiiae. Oea aeiooaia i??a aeey caa?aaeaiiy
eaae?iaiai iioaioe?aeo iai?iiieo i?aei?e?inoa.

Eiie?aoi? oiiae ia?aoiaeo aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei ia?aaeaa/athoue iiaee
i?aeo?ae aei i?ioan?eii? i?aeaioiaee eaae??a. O ia?ao?aeiee ia??iae,
eiee i?aei?e?inoaa, ui eiiaa?nothoueny, i?aaiooue caa?aaoe na?e
ae?iaie/ee iioaioe?ae oa iiiiiie?th ia ie?ai? aeaee i?iaeoeoe??,
aino?ioa i?iaeaie ?aaeeeaeueii? ci?ie o i?aeaioiaoe? eaae??a ua ia aea?
i?i naaa ciaoe. Iaeiae ?icaeoie eiieo?aioe?? aenooia? iaeiei c /eiiee?a,
yeee niiioea? ae?iaiee?a aeioneaoe eiieo?aioini?iiiaeio i?iaeoeoe?th,
a?aoiaoaaoe iiieo oa i?iceoe??, ui iino?eii ci?iththoueny. Ae??oeoe oaeo
caaea/o iiaea eeoa eieaeoea, yeee aieiae?? aenieei ??aiai i?ioan?eii?
i?aeaioiaee. Aiae?c i?ioan?eiiai ??aiy i?aoe?aiee?a ia eiie?aoieo
i?aei?e?inoaao iieaco?, ui iiee ui ia an? i?aei?e?inoaa aieiae?thoue
oaeeie eaae?aie. Aacia?a?ai?noue o i?aeaioiaoe? ?iai/eo eaae??a a
o/aiaeo caeeaaeao oa ia i?aei?e?inoaao iiaeiia eyaoe a iniiao eiiaa?n??
eaae??a. Oea iio?aao? ci?ie i?ia?ai iaa/aiiy a o/aiaeo caeeaaeao oa ia
i?aei?e?inoaao.

Ieoaiiy caeiyoino? oa ia?ai?aeaioiaee eaae??a iiaeii? ciaoiaeeoe nai?
a?aeia?aaeaiiy o eaae?ia?e iie?oeoe? aea?aeaae, yeo i???ioiaaii ia
e?ioeaa? ?acoeueoaoe ?icaeoeo ethaenueeeo ?ano?n?a, a ia o?eueee ia
iaa/aiiy, yea iia’ycaii c i?eaeaaiiyi i?ioan?e, ui ei?enoothoueny
iiieoii ia ?eieo i?aoe?.

?icae?e 6. I?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa??
eiiaa?n?? AIE Oe?a?ie. A iniiao ?ic?iaee i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE iieeaaeaia nenoaiia
eiioeaioe?y oeueiai iiiyooy oa iaoiaeieia?/iee i?eioeei caaaeueiiai,
/anoeiaiai oa iaeeie/iiai. Caaaeueia iia’ycaii c iaiao?aei?noth
caaacia/aiiy ?aeiino? o ae??oaii? iaeaaaeeea?oeo ieoaiue eiiaa?n??
(ii?iaoeaii-i?aaiaa caaacia/aiiy, aea?? aea?aeaaieo i??i?eoao?a,
?ic?iaea oe?eueiaeo eiiieaenieo i?ia?ai: iaoe?iiaeueieo, aea?aeaaieo,
aaeocaaeo). *anoeiaa iaoiiaeaii aieeaii ia aeiiii?eo ?aa?iio iai?iiiiai
iioaioe?aeo. Iaeeie/ia ia?aaeaa/a? iaaio nooi?iue naiino?eiino?
i?aei?e?inoa o cae?eniaii? eiiaa?n??. C o?aooaaiiyi caaaeueiiai,
/anoeiaiai oa iaeeie/iiai aeae?eaii ??ai?: aea?aeaaiee, ?aa?iiaeueiee oa
ae?iaie/ee (?en. 7).

Ia aea?aeaaiiio ??ai? iniaeeai aaaeeeaa ?ieue iaeaaeeoue ieaioaaiith.
No?aoaa?th eiiaa?n?eiiai ieaioaaiiy aecia/aii aeai?ii i??i?eoao?a
oaoi?ei-aeiiii?/iiai oa nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo e?a?ie, yeee
iineoue iie?oe/iee oa?aeoa?, i?aai?co?oueny oa eiio?ieth?oueny

?inoeoooaie iie?oe/ii? oa aeiiii?/ii? aeaaee. I??i?eoaoi? iai?yiee
oaoi?ei-aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo e?a?ie ciaoiaeyoue nai? a?aeia?aaeaiiy o
Eiioeaioe?? (iniiaao aea?aeaaii? iie?oeee) iaoe?iiaeueii? aaciaee
Oe?a?ie, Eiioeaioe?? iai?iie oa aoae?aieoeoaa Ca?ieieo nee Oe?a?ie,
Eiioeaioe?? aea?aeaaii? i?iieneiai? iie?oeee Oe?a?ie. I??i?eoaoi?
iai?yiee nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo iathoue cia/io ?ieue i?e
aeei?enoaii? eiiaa?n?eieo ?ano?n?a a ?ioa?anao e?a?ie. Iaoai?ciii
?aae?caoe?? i??i?eoaoieo iai?yie?a ? aea?aeaai? i?ia?aie.

No?aoaa?th aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy eiiaa?n?? aaeocae
niaoeiaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy, aa?aeini?/iiai eiiieaeno oa noaeiiaoaeoaaiiy
iiaeiii aooe a?aeia?aaeaii o Aea?aeaai?e i?ia?ai? aoae?aieoeoaa oa
?icaeoeo Ca?ieieo Nee Oe?a?ie, Caaaeueiiaea?aeaai?e eini?/i?e i?ia?ai?
Oe?a?ie, oe?eueiaeo eiiieaenieo iaoeiai-oaoi?/ieo i?ia?aiao ii
aa?aaoaeoaaiith oa noaeiiaoaeoaaiith. O oeeo aaeocyo aea?aeaaa aenooia?
ye eii?aeeiaoi? oa iniiaiee caiiaiee. Aea?aeaaia i?aeo?eiea a?oioo?oueny
ia aeei?enoaii? aea?aeaaiiai i?ioaeoe?ii?cio, caaacia/aii?
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? iaoe?iiaeueii? ?aeaoii-eini?/ii? oa aa?aoe?eii?
oaoi?ee, noaeai. Iniiaieie ia’?eoaie ainiiaea?thaaiiy o oeeo aaeocyo
iiaeii? noaoe ?ioaa?iaai? ei?ii?aoeai? no?oeoo?e (?EN): e?oii?
i?aeia?iaei? ei?ii?aoe??, o?iainiai-i?iieneia? a?oie, oieaeeiaia?
eiiiai??. C iaoith i?enei?aiiy i?ioean?a noai?aiiy ?EN iaiao?aeii:

oaeineiiaeeoe iaoiaee/io aaco noai?aiiy ?EN, o oiio /ene? ae??oaiiy
i?iaeai eiinie?aeiaaiiai iae?eo oa ca?oiino?, ei?ii?aoeaieo o?iain?a,
ei?ii?aoeaiiai ieaioaaiiy, aeiiii?/iiai aiae?co;

oaeineiiaeeoe i?aaiao aaco noai?aiiy oa ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?EN, yea
aeeth/a? ?aaeaiaioaoe?th aca?iia?aeiinei noa’?eo?a ?EN, aecia/aiiy
iiaeaoeiaeo oiia eiinie?aeaoe?? i?aei?e?inoa;

oaeineiiaeeoe ooieoe?iioaaiiy oiiaeiaiai ?eieo ia iniia? ?icaeoeo
nenoaie no?aooaaiiy ?ecee?a o/aniee?a oiiaeiaiai ?eieo;

?ic?iaeoe ?aoe?iiaeuei? oi?ie o/ano? ?EN o ?aae?caoe?? i??i?e-oaoieo
iai?yie?a i?iieneiai? iie?oeee, ye? aoaeooue ia?aaeaa/aoe iiaeeeaino?
aeei?enoaiiy oi?i oa iaoiae?a ?iaeeeaoeaiiai ieaioaaiiy.

O ia??iae e?eceaiai noaiiaeua iniiaiei ?eieii aeey oeeo aaeocae iiaeiai
aooe i?aeia?iaeiee: ?eiie ica?i?iiy oa a?enueeiai? oaoi?ee; ?eiie
aea?aeaa, ye? iathoue iio?aao i?eaeaaiiy ?aeaoii-eini?/ii? oaoi?ee,
aa?aoe?eii? oaoi?ee, noaeai. Ia a?o/eciyiiio ?eieo iiaeii? oe?iei
aee?enoiaoaaoeny e?ceiaia? iia?aoe??. Ii?iaoeaiith aacith
ooieoe?iioaaiiy oeeo aaeocae iiaeiii aooe ae?th/a caeiiiaeaanoai, a
oaeiae ?ic?iaea oa i?eeiyooy caeii?a Oe?a?ie “I?i iai?iiia caiiaeaiiy”,
“I?i iai?iiiee athaeaeao”, ?ic?iaea Iieiaeaiiy i?i a?enueeiaee eiio?aeo,
Iieiaeai-

iy i?i iinoaaeo i?iaeoeoe?? ae?iaie/i-oaoi?/iiai i?ecia/aiiy aeey
iai?iie.

Aea?aeaaia ?aaoethaaiiy ?icaeoeo aaeocae o?aoueiai naeoi?a iiaeiii aooe
ni?yiiaaia ia oi?ioaaiiy o oeea?eueiiio ae?iaieoeoa? i’yoiai
oaoiieia?/iiai oeeaaeo, yeee oa?aeoa?eco?oueny oe?ieei
?iciianthaeaeaiiyi iiaeo, e?eoe/ieo oaoiieia?e. C iaoith i?enei?aiiai
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy oaoiieia?e i?iiiio?oueny noai?eoe oeaio?e
?iciia-nthaeaeaiiy oaoiieia?e. Oae? oeaio?e iiaeii? iaoe aea?aeaaiee
noaoon, iniiai? ooieoe?? – eiinoeueoaoe?? i?eaaoieo oa aea?aeaaieo
eiiiai?e c ieoaiue i?eaeaaiiy a?o/eciyieo oa ?iicaiieo oaoiieia?e,
ni?eyiiy eoi?ae? e?oeaic?e ca ei?aeiiii, noai?aiith ae?iaieoeoa ia aac?
oaoiieia?e i’yoiai oaoiieia?/iiai oeeaaeo. *eiieeii, yeee noeioeth?
?icaeoie aaeocae oeueiai naeoi?a, ia? noaoe noai?aiiy ia?aae?
aea?aeaaii? eoi?ae?, oei/aniaa (ia 5-7 ?ie?a) ca?eueoaiiy aa?ciiai ieoa
ia oiaa?e ae?iaie/iai oa iiaooiaiai i?ecia/aiiy, ye? noai?ththoue
eiieo?aioe?th aeey a?o/eciyieo ae?iaiee?a ia aioo??oiueiio ?eieo. C
iaoith caeo/aiiy no?aoaa?/ieo ia?oia??a aeioe?eueii caaacia/eoe
i?eueaiaee ?aaeei ?iaanooaaiiy i?iaeo?a, ye? ia?aaeaa/athoue aeione
i?iaeoeoe?? ca oaoiieia?yie i’yoiai oaoiieia?/iiai oeeaaeo. Aeey
i?aei?e?inoa aaeocae /aoaa?oiai naeoi?a iiaeii? aooe iaaeai? ?eieia?
naiaiaee, o i??i?eoaoieo aaeocyo oeueiai naeoi?a iaiao?aeii caaacia/eoe
caoeno i?noeaaiai ae-?iaieea, ni?eyiiy ?icaeoeo na?aaeiueiai oa iaeiai
a?ciano o noa?? ae?iaieoeoaa.

Aeei?enoaiiy eiiaa?n?eieo ?ano?n?a noino?oueny e?oiieo i?iaeaiieo
aaeocae, ye? iio?aaothoue o/ano? aea?aeaae o ?o ae??oaii?. ?ino?oiaioaie
aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy aeei?enoaiiy eiiaa?n?eieo ?ano?n?a ? ?iii?oia
ieoi, iiaeaoee, e?aaeeoe, noaneae??. C iaoith i?inoaaiiy i?iaeoeoe??, ui
aeionea?oueny, ia aioo??oi?e oa ciai?oi?e ?eiie i?iiiio?oueny
i?aai?coaaoe aoae?aieoeoai ?io?ano?oeoo?e iioiaeo ?eie?a oi?a?ae? a on?o
?aa?iiao Oe?a?ie, ye? caaacia/aoue i?aei?e?inoaai e?a?ie oi?aiaaeuei? oa
iina?aaeieoeuee? iineoae. C oe??th iaoith ne?ae aeoea?coaaoe ?iaioo
oi?aiaaeueii-i?iieneiai? iaeaoe Oe?a?ie oa ?? ?aa?iiaeueieo
a?aeae?eaiue.

O i?ioean? aeine?aeaeaiiy ?ic?iaeaii i?aeoiaee ii oi?ioaaiith
?aa?iiaeueii? iie?oeee eiiaa?n??. Oaca, yea aoea iieeaaeaia a iniiao
oi?ioaaiiy ?aa?iiaeueii? iie?oeee eiiaa?n??, iieyaa? a oiio, ui oeaio?
aaae oa a?aeiia?aeaeueiino? ca eiiaa?n?th ne?ae ia?aianoe ia i?noey.
Iaoith aea?aeaaii? ?aa?iiaeueii? iie?oeee ? caa?aaeaiiy oa iaeneiaeueii
aoaeoeaia aeei?enoaiiy iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai oa ae?iaie/iai ii-oaioe?aeo
i?aei?e?inoa, ui eiiaa?nothoueny, yea ni?yiiaaia ia caaeiaieaiiy iio?aa
?aa?iio o i?iaeoeoe?? oeea?eueiiai i?ecia/aiiy, ?icaeoie aenii?oiiai
iioaioe?aeo, noaa?e?caoe?th nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai noaio, cae?eniaiiy
i?ia?aneaieo no?oeoo?ieo ia?aoai?aiue, iineeaiiy nioe?aeueii?
ni?yiiaaiino? ?icaeoeo ae?iaieoeoaa, iie?auaiiy aeieia?/iiai noaio.
Iaoai?ciii ?aae?caoe?? ?aa?iiaeueii? iie?oeee ? ?aa?iiaeuei? eiiaa?n?ei?
i?ia?aie. ?ic?iaeai? iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? i?noyoue aecia/aiiy iaoe
oa caaea/ i?ia?aie, i?eioeeie ?ic?iaee i?ia?aie, eeaneo?eaoe?th
eiiaa?n?eieo ?ano?n?a, ia?ae?e ?aa?iiaeueieo i??i?eoao?a aeei?enoaiiy
eiiaa?n?eieo ?ano?n?a, iai?yiee eiiaa?n?eieo i?ioean?a oa a?aeiia?aeieo
?i i?aei?ia?ai.

Aeniiaee

?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aeicaieythoue c?iaeoe
aeniiaee eiioeaiooaeueiiai, oai?aoe/iiai oa iaoeiai-i?aeoe/iiai
iai?yieo, iniiaieie c yeeo ?:

1. ?ic?iaea oe?e?nii? eiioeaioe?? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE Oe?a?ie
iiaeeeaa i?e i?aeoiae? aei eiiaa?n?? ye aei eaoaai???, yea aecia/a?
iie?oe/i?, ai?ii?, aeiiii?/i? oa nioe?aeuei? a?aeiineie uiaei
aeei?enoaiiy ?ano?n?a, ui aea?eueiythoueny i?e ?icca?i?ii?, oi?ioaaii?
iaoe?iiaeueiiai AIE oa ia?a?iciiae?e? ?ano?n?a i?ae ai?iiith oa
oeea?eueiith noa?aie ca?aeii c i??i?eoaoaie e?a?ie.

2. Ci?no /eiiee?a, ye? iaoiiaeththoue eiiaa?n?th AIE, ia??aiicia/i?noue
?o ae?? o aecia/aiiio ia??iae? (1988-1998 ??.), aeicaiey? aeeiiaoe
ia??iaeecaoe?th eiiaa?n?eieo i?ioean?a oa iaa?oiooaaoe no?aoaa?th
eiiaa?n?? AIE ia no/aniiio aoai?. Nooue oe??? no?aoaa?? aecia/aii
Eiioeaioe??th aea?aeaaii? i?iieneiai? iie?oeee, o ?ic?iaoe? yei? a?aa
o/anoue aaoi? aeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy.

3. ?aae?caoe?y no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? AIE iiaeeeaa a oiiaao ??
eiie?aoecaoe?? ia aea?aeaaiiio, a?aeii/iio oa ae?iaie/iio ??aiyo
oi?aae?iiy: ia aea?aeaaiiio ??ai? oi?aae?iiy no?aoaa?y iieyaa? o
ia?aoai?aii? ai?iii? aeiiii?ee o iai?yieo ci?ie i?iii?oe?e ?iciiae?eo
o?iainiaeo, iaoa??aeueieo oa nioe?aeueieo ?ano?n?a i?ae ai?iiith oa
oeea?eueiith noa?aie c iaoith oi?ioaaiiy iaoe?iiaeueiiai AIE oa ?icaeoeo
nioe?aeueii i???ioiaaii? aeiiii?ee; ia a?aeii/iio ??ai? oi?aae?iiy
(ai?iia aeiiii?ea) no?aoaa?y iieyaa? o noai?aii? iiooaeiinoae
i?aei?e?inoa oa i?aai?caoe?e, ye? i???ioiaaii ye ia ai?iiee, oae ?
oeea?eueiee naeoi? aeiiii?ee; ia ae?iaie/iio ??ai? oi?aae?iiy no?aoaa?y
eiiaa?n?? AIE aecia/a?oueny no?aoaa??th eiiaa?n?? aeiiii?/iiai
iioaioe?aeo AIE: ae?iaie/iai, oaoiieia?/iiai, iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai,
eaae?iaiai.

4. A oiiaao ?eieiaeo ia?aoai?aiue no?aoaa?y eiiaa?n?? ae?iaie/iai
iioaioe?aeo AIE iieyaa? a aoaeoeaiiio aeei?enoaii? ae?iaie/eo
iiooaeiinoae, ye? ia caeiyo? iai?iiiei caiiaeaiiyi oa ia aoiaeyoue aei
?ic?yaeo iia?e?caoe?eieo, a ?ioa?anao aeiiii?ee e?a?ie ? caaacia/aiiy
aeiiii?/ii? no?eeino? i?aei?e?inoa, ?icaeoeo ?o aenii?oieo iiaeeeainoae
ia iniia? no?oeoo?ii? ia?aaoaeiae i?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa,
aeei?enoaiiy ia?aaeiaeo oaoiieia?e oa ci?oaieo oi?i aeaniino?.
Cai?iiiiiaaii i?aeoiaee aei ?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?? eiiaa?n?? ae?iaie/iai
iioaioe?aeo AIE.

5. No?aoaa?y eiiaa?n?? oaoiieia?/iiai iioaioe?aeo iieyaa? o oi?ioaaii?
oa ?icoe?aii? yae?a ia?niaeoeaieo oaoiieia?e, o oiio /ene? oaoiieia?e
iiaea?eiiai i?ecia/aiiy, ye? iaiao?aei? aeey oe?ieiianooaaiiai
oaoiieia?/iiai ia?aica?i?iiy oeea?eueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa, caaacia/aiiy
aeioneo i?iaeoeoe?? ia ??ai? na?oiaeo noaiaea?o?a. Eiiaa?n?y oaoiieia?e
iiaeiia aooe ni?yiiaaia ia oaoiieia?/ia iiiaeaiiy ae?iaieoeoaa oa
oi?ioaaiiy i’yoiai oaoiieia?/iiai oeeaaeo.

6. No?aoaa?y eiiaa?n?? iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai iioaioe?aeo AIE iieyaa? o
i?iaaaeaii? oe?eani?yiiaaii? iie?oeee uiaei ia?ai?io?ethaaiiy
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?inoeooo?a, ?o ie?aieo i?ae?icae?e?a oa eaai?aoi??e,
ye? ia caaaioaaeai? iai?iiiei caiiaeaiiyi ? ia iio?aieee aei ?ic?yaeo
iia?e?caoe?eieo, ia ?icaeoie i??i?eoaoieo iai?yie?a o aaeoc? noai?aiiy
oaoi?ee oa oaoiieia??, o oiio /ene? oaoiieia?e iiaea?eiiai i?ecia/aiiy ?
iaoe?iiaeueieo e?eoe/ieo oaoiieia?e. Iaa?oioiaaia nenoaia caoiae?a uiaei
eiiaa?n?? iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?inoeooo?a, nei?i/aiiy ? iii’yeoaiiy
?oeioaaiiy iaoeiaiai iioaioe?aeo. Aiia ia?aaeaa/a? noai?aiiy iiaeo
?eieiaeo no?oeoo? i?e ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?inoeooo?a,
ni?eueieo i?aei?e?inoa, i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ?ic?iaee iiaiai
i?iaeoeoo a ?eieiaeo oiiaao.

7. No?aoaa?y eiiaa?n?? eaae?iaiai iioaioe?aeo AIE iieyaa? o caa?aaeaii?
oa aeei?enoaii? eiai a ?ioa?anao aeiiii?ee e?a?ie. ?ic?iaeaii
i?iiiceoe?? uiaei caa?aaeaiiy eaae?iaiai iioaioe?aeo AIE Oe?a?ie oa
aeei?enoaiiy eiai a ?ioa?anao aeiiii?ee e?a?ie ia iniia? a?aeiia?aeii?
ii?iaoeaii-iaoiaee/ii? aace o aaeoc? o?oaeiaiai caeiiiaeaanoaa,
nioe?aeueiiai caoenoo, i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ieo iaoai?ci?a ?o
?aae?caoe??.

8. Oaeineiiaeaiiy aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy eiiaa?n?? AIE iiaeiii
cae?enithaaoeny ca oaeeie iai?yieaie: ocaiaeaeaiiy ai?iii-oaoi?/ii? ?
aeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee aea?aeaae oa ?ic?iaea i?aeoiae?a ?o ?aae?caoe??;
aea?? iai?yie?a aeiaaino?ieiaeo i??i?eoao?a oaoi?ei-oaoiieia?/iiai
?icaeoeo e?a?ie oa i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai ?o caaacia/aiiy, o oiio
/ene? o?iainiaiai; oaeineiiaeaiiy caeiiiaeaanoaa o aaeoc? ?ic?iaee,
ae?iaieoeoaa oa iinoaaee IAO, a oaeiae a?aeia?aaeaiiy niaoeeo?ee
eiiaa?n?eieo i?ioean?a o caeiiiaeaa/eo aeoao, ye? ?aaeaiaioothoue
ae?iaie/i-ainiiaea?nueeo ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoa AIE; ?icaeoie
ia?aae? aea?aeaaieo caeoiie aeey i?aei?e?inoa, ye? aeei?enoiaothoue
iia?, aacia? oaoiieia?? i?ia?aneaiiai oaoiieia?/iiai oeeaaeo; oi?ioaaiiy
ei?ii?aoeaieo ?ioaa?iaaieo no?oeoo? ca iai?yieaie oe?eueiaeo eiiieaenieo
iaoeiai-oaoi?/ieo i?ia?ai, ui aeicaieeoue ae??oeoe i?iaeaio ?o
i?aai?caoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy, iineeeoe iaeiia? ca’ycee i?ae o/anieeaie
i?ia?aie oa aoaea ni?eyoe ?o ?aae?caoe??.

9. Iaoai?ci aea?aeaaii? i?aeo?eiee ?aeaoii-eini?/iiai eiiieaeno,
aa?aoe?eii? i?iieneiaino? oa noaeiiaoaeoaaiiy iiaeiai a?oiooaaoeny ia
aeei?enoaii? aea?aeaaiiai i?ioaeoe?ii?cio, caaacia/aii?
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? iaoe?iiaeueii? ?aeaoii-eini?/ii? oa aa?aoe?eii?
oaoi?ee oa oeea?eueieo noaeai. I?aeo?eiea i?aei?e?inoa oa i?aai?caoe?e
?aae?iaeaeo?ii?ee, cania?a ca’yceo, ia/enethaaeueii? oaoi?ee iiaeiia
aooe ni?yiiaaia ia oi?ioaaiiiy o oeea?eueiiio ae?ia-ieoeoa? i’yoiai
oaoiieia?/iiai oeeaaeo, yeee oa?aeoa?eco?oueny oe?ieei
?iciianthaeaeaiiyi iiaeo, e?eoe/ieo oaoiieia?e o aaeoc?
i?e?iaeaeo?ii?ee, ?aae?iaeaeo?ii?ee, ?ioi?iaoeee, ia/enethaaeueii?
oaoi?ee. Uiaei i?aei?e?inoa i?eeaaeiaoaeoaaiiy, aa?noaoiaoaeoaaiiy,
aaaeei? i?iieneiaino? aea?aeaaia ?aaoethaaiiy iiaeiii aooe ni?yiiaaii ia
iaaeaiiy ?eieiaeo naiaiae, ni?eyiiy ?icaeoeo na?aaeiueiai oa iaeiai
a?ciano o noa?? ae?iaieoeoaa, o i??i?eoaoieo aaeocyo oeueiai naeoi?a
iiaeiii aooe caaacia/aii caoeno i?noeaaiai ae?iaieea.

10. Iio?aaa ia?aiino oeaio?o aaae oa a?aeiia?aeaeueiino? ca eiiaa?n?th
i?aei?e?inoa ? i?aai?caoe?e ia i?noey. Neeaaeiaith /anoeiith
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e, ye? i?noyoueny o aeena?oaoe??, ?
i?iiiceoe?? uiaei oi?ioaaiiy ?aa?iiaeueii? iie?oeee eiiaa?n?? ?
iaoai?cio ?? ?aae?caoe?? – ?aa?iiaeueieo i?ia?ai eiiaa?n?? ai?iiiai
ae?iaieoeoaa. ?ic?iaea oa aeeiiaiiy ?aa?iiaeueieo i?ia?ai eiiaa?n??
aeicaiey? ?aae?coaaoe ia i?aei?e?inoaao ?aa?iio, ui eiiaa?nothoueny,
aeiaaino?ieia?, na?aaeiueino?ieia? oa ei?ioeino?ieia? i?iaeoe, ye?
i?aeaioiaeaii c o?aooaaiiyi ?aa?iiaeueieo i??i?eoao?a aeei?enoaiiy
eiiaa?n?eieo ?ano?n?a.

Nienie iioae?eiaaieo aaoi?ii ?ia?o ca oaiith aeena?oaoe??

Iiiia?ao??

1. Naeiiaoeia E.I. Eiiaa?ney aiaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa:
i?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneea aniaeou. – Aeiiaoee: EYI IAI Oe?aeiu,
1997. – 250 n.

2. Eiiiaaoeee a i?iecaiaenoaa (nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneea aniaeou) /
A.E.Aiioa, I.A.Eiaaiia, E.I.Naeiiaoeia, A.A.Ooaee, E.I.Ai?ioieeiaa,
A.A.Eeueeia, E.E.Eyo, I.A.Oauaiei, A.E.Aoaea-ien. – Eeaa: Iaoe. aeoiea,
1992. – 192 n.

Iniaenoee aianie: ea??aiee aaoi?nueeiai eieaeoeao. Iaaaaeaii ?acoeueoaoe
aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaeai ai?iaaaeaeaiiy oa aeei?enoaiiy ?iiiaaoe?e o
ae?iaieoeoa?. Iaaeaii i?iiiceoe?? uiaei i?aeaeuaiiy aoae-oeaiino? ?iaioe
aaoiiaoeciaaiiai iaeaaeiaiiy (anooi, ae. I, ae. III, ae. III, 4, ae. V,
2, caeeth/aiiy).

A?ioo?e

3. Naeiiaoeia E.I. Aeooaeueiua aii?inu i?aia?aciaaiey
aiaiii-i?iiuoeaiiiai eiiieaena Oe?aeiu a oneiaeyo eiiaa?nee. – Aeiiaoee:
EYI IAI Oe?aeiu, 1999. – 29 n.

4. Naeiiaoeia E.I. Iniiaiua iai?aaeaiey no?aoaaee eiiaa?nee i?aaei?eyoee
AIE Oe?aeiu. – Aeiiaoee: EYI IAI Oe?aeiu, 1998. – 87 n.

5. *oia/aiei I.A., Aei?iaoioeia N.E., Ieueoaaneee A.E., Naeiiaoeia E.I.
Eiiaa?ney: iiuo, ia?niaeoeau. – Aeiiaoee: EYI IAI Oe?aeiu, 1993. – 46 n.

Iniaenoee aianie: aeeiiaii aiae?c eiiaa?n?? ai?iiiai ae?iaieoeoaa,
ocaaaeueiaii ?iicaiiee aeina?ae eiiaa?n?? oa ?ice?eoi ieoaiiy eiai
aaeaioaoe?? uiaei i?iaaaeaiiy eiiaa?n?? a Oe?a?i?, aecia/aii iai?yiee
oi?ioaaiiy ainiiaea?nueeiai iaoai?cio eiiaa?n??.

Noaoo?

6. Naeiiaoeia E.I. I?iaeaiu oaoiieiae/aneiai iaiiaeaiey i?iecaiaenoaa a
oneiaeyo eiiaa?nee // Nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneea aniaeou i?iiuoeaiiie
iieeoeee. – Aeiiaoee: EYI IAI Oe?aeiu, 1998. – N.269-287.

7. Naeiiaoeia E.I. Iaoaieci ainoaea?noaaiiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey eiiaa?nee
aiaiii-i?iiuoeaiiiai eiiieaena Oe?aeiu // Yeiiiie/aneea i?iaeaiu e
ia?niaeoeau noaaeeecaoeee yeiiiieee Oe?aeiu. – Aeiiaoee: EYI IAI
Oe?aeiu, 1998. – N.5-10.

8. Aue E.N., *oia/aiei I.A., Naeiiaoeia E.I. Auoue ee
oeiainiai-i?iiuoeaiiui a?oiiai a Oe?aeia // Yeiiiieea Oe?aeiu. – 1997. –
?5. – N.15-24.

Iniaenoee aianie: cai?iiiiiaaii iaoai?ci oi?ioaaiiy i?aeia?iaeieo
o?iainiai-i?iieneiaeo a?oi, i?iiiceoe?? uiaei oaeineiiaeaiiy
caeiiiaeaa/i? aace.

9. Naeiiaoeia E.I. Eiiaa?ney e aeeaa?neoeeaoeey iai?iiiie i?iiuoeaiiinoe
// I?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneee iaoaieci ?aaeecaoeee eiioeaioeee
ainoaea?noaaiiie i?iiuoeaiiie iieeoeee Oe?aeiu. – Aeiiaoee: EYI IAI
Oe?aeiu, 1996. – N.34-36.

10. Naeiiaoeia E.I. ?ieue ainoaea?noaaiiiai oi?aaeaiey a onei?aiee
eiiaa?neiiiuo i?ioeannia // Ainoaea?noaaiiia ?aaoee?iaaiea yeiiiieee:
i?aeoeea e i?iaeaiu. – Aeiiaoee: EYI IAI Oe?aeiu, 1995. – N.85-93.

11. Aeoa?iaei I.E., Naeiiaoeia E.I. Yeiiiie/aneay iai?aaeaiiinoue
eiiiaaoeee // Yeiiiieea ?aaeiia, i?aaei?eyoee e ?uii/iua ioiioaiey. –
Aeiiaoee: EYI IAI Oe?aeiu, 1995. – N.40-48.

Iniaenoee aianie: iaaeaii i?iiiceoe?? uiaei i?enei?aiiy ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
?iiiaaoe?e ia Na?aoianueeiio aa?aoe?eiiio caaiae? a oiiaao ?eieiaeo
a?aeiinei.

12. Naeiiaoeia E.I. Eiiaa?ney e aeeaa?neoeeaoeey iai?iiiie
i?iiuoeaiiinoe // Eiioeaioeey ainoaea?noaaiiie i?iiuoeaiiie iieeoeee ia
1996-2000 aiaeu. – Aeiiaoee: EYI IAI Oe?aeiu,1995. – N.30-33.

13. Naeiiaoeia E.I. Eiiaa?ney aiaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa // Eiioeaiooaeueiua
iniiau i?iiuoeaiiie iieeoeee Oe?aeiu. – Aeiiaoee: EYI IAI Oe?aeiu, 1994.
– N.34-37.

14. O?oeaa I.A., Naeiiaoeia E.I. *aeiaa/aneee oaeoi? a aaoiiaoecaoeee
i?iecaiaenoaa // Nioeeaeenoe/aneee o?oae. – 1990. – ?5. – N.33-36.

Iniaenoee aianie: cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaeeeo ia/eneaiiy aeiiii?/ii?
aoaeoeaiino? aeei?enoaiiy aaoiiaoeciaaiiai iaeaaeiaiiy, yea io?eio?oueny
ca ?aooiie ae?? nioe?aeueii-ineoieia?/ieo oaeoi??a.

15. Naeiiaoeia E.I., Oacaiiaa I.I. AEaineee o?oae a aaoiiaoece?iaaiiii
i?iecaiaenoaa // Iaoeiino?ieoaeue. – 1990. – ?3. – N.25-26.

Iniaenoee aianie: iaaeaii i?iiiceoe?? uiaei i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
i?aoe? ae?iie c o?aooaaiiyi ?o i?ioan?eieo oa iniaenoeo yeinoae, nooiaiy
aaeaioaoe?? oa i?aai?caoe?? i?aoe?.

Iaoeia? aeiiia?ae?

16. Naeiiao?ia E.I. Iaoeiiaoae?aiee eiiieaen // Aeiiii?/i? oa
nioe?aeuei? iai?yie eiiieaenii? ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? i?iieneiaino?
Oe?a?ie. – Aeiiaoeuee: ?AI IAI Oe?a?ie, 1998. – N.116-130.

17. Naeiiao?ia E.I. Iaoeiiaoae?aiee eiiieaen // Aeiiii?/i? oa
nioe?aeuei? i?iaeaie ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? i?iieneiaino? Oe?a?ie. –
Aeiiaoeuee: ?AI IAI Oe?a?ie, 1997. – N.67-78.

Iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe??

18. Iaoiaee/aneea ?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii ?ac?aaioea ?aaeiiaeueiie i?ia?aiiu
eiiaa?nee aiaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa / I.A.*oia/aiei, N.E.Aei?iaoioeia,
A.E.Aiioa, A.E.Ieueoaaneee, E.I.Naeiiaoeia, E.O.Aoaoiaa, E.A.Oaeaeoaiei,
I.I.Oacaiiaa. – Aeiiaoee: EYI IAI Oe?aeiu,1999. – 44 n.

Iniaenoee aianie: ea??aiee ? aeeiiaaaoeue aeine?aeaeaiiy. ?ic?iaeaii
?aa?iiaeueio iie?oeeo eiiaa?n??. ?ic?iaeaii no?oeoo?o ?aa?iiaeueii?
i?ia?aie eiiaa?n??. Aecia/aii iai?yiee eiiaa?n?eieo i?ioean?a o ?aa?ii?
oa iaaeaii ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei ?ic?iaee a?aeiia?aeieo i?aei?ia?ai
?aa?iiaeueii? i?ia?aie eiiaa?n?? ai?iiiai ae?iaieoeoaa.

19. Iaoiaee/aneea ?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii aiaeeco aeeyiey
nioeeaeueii-ineoieiae/aneeo oaeoi?ia ia i?aaiecaoeeth e noeioee?iaaiea
o?oaea iia?aoi?ia, iaeaae/eeia e ?aiiioieeia a aaoiiaoece?iaaiiii
i?iecaiaenoaa / A.E.Aiioa, I.A.O?oeaa, A.A.Ooaee, A.A.Eeueeia,
E.I.Naeiiaoeia, E.I.Ai?aueaa, E.I.Ai?ioieeiaa, E.Ae.Ieoeia, E.E.Eyo. –
Aeiiaoee: EYI IAI Oe?aeiu, 1990. – 50 n.

Iniaenoee aianie: ea??aiee aaoi?nueeiai eieaeoeao. ?ic?iaeaii i?eioeeie
oa iniiai? iai?yiee i?aai?caoe?? i?aoe? o aaoiiaoeciaaiiio ae?iaieoeoa?,
?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeeo aea/aiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ieo oiia i?aoe? o
aaoiiaoeciaaiiio ae?iaieoeoa?.

20. Iaoiaee/aneea oeacaiey ii ii?aaeaeaieth aeeyiey nioeeaeueiuo
?acoeueoaoia aaoiiaoecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaa / A.E.Aiioa, E.I.Naeiiaoeia,
I.A.O?oeaa, E.I.Ai?aueaa, A.A.Eeueeia, A.A.Ooaee, O.I.Ao?eia,
E.I.Ai?ioieeiaa, I.I.Oacaiiaa. – Aeiiaoee: EYI IAI Oe?aeiu, 1989. – 51
n.

Iniaenoee aianie: ea??aiee aaoi?nueeiai eieaeoeao. ?ic?iaeaii i?eioeeie
oa e?eoa??? ioe?iee ci?noo ? oiia i?aoe? o aaoiiaoeciaaiiio
ae?iaieoeoa?. Cai?iiiiiaaii caoiaee uiaei ae??oaiiy i?aai?caoe?eieo oa
nioe?aeueieo i?iaeai aaoiiaoecaoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa.

AIIOAOe?ss

Naeiiao?ia E.I. No?aoaa?y eiiaa?n?? a?enueeiai-i?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno
Oe?a?ie (i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? aniaeoe). – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a aeiiii?/ieo iaoe ca
niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.02.03 – I?aai?caoe?y oi?aae?iiy, ieaioaaiiy ?
?aaoethaaiiy aeiiii?ee. – ?inoeooo aeiiii?ee i?iieneiaino? IAI Oe?a?ie,
Aeiiaoeuee, 1999.

A aeena?oaoe?? ?ice?eaa?oueny iiaa oe?e?nia eiioeaioe?y no?aoaa??
eiiaa?n?? a?enueeiai-i?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno Oe?a?ie, yea noai?th?
ia?aaeoiiae aeey oi?ioaaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ??
?aae?caoe?? ia iaoeia?e iniia?; eiie?aoi? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ?eieiaeo
ia?aoai?aiue i?aei?e?inoa oa iaoeiaeo i?aai?caoe?e, ui eiiaa?nothoueny;
eiiieaen i?aaiaeo, aeiiii?/ieo oa i?aai?caoe?eieo i?aeoiae?a, ye?
ni?yiiaai? ia i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ?aaoethaaiiy eiiaa?n?? AIE
Oe?a?ie ia aea?aeaaiiio, ?aa?iiaeueiiio oa ae?iaie/iio ??aiyo
oi-?aae?iiy; eiioeaiooaeuei? i?aeoiaee oa ?ic?iaea iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo
?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei aeei?enoaiiy eiiaa?n?eieo ?ano?n?a a ?ioa?anao
aeiiii?ee e?a?ie.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: a?enueeiai-i?iieneiaee eiiieaen, no?aoaa?y, eiiaa?n?y,
eiiaa?n?ei? ?ano?ne, i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci.

ANNOTATION

Salomatina L.N. Conversion Strategy of the Ukraine Military and
Industrial complex (organizational and economic aspects). – Manuscript.

The dissertation for Doctor Degree (economics) in speciality 08.02.03.
Economy Management Organisation, planning and regulation. -Institute of
Industrial Economics, Ukraine National Academy of Sciences, Donetsk,
1999.

The dissertation contains a new integral strategy conversion concept for
the Ukraine military and indusrtial complex (MIC).

The effected research allows the Author to evidence the Ukraine MIC key
conversion factors, with special reference to the 1988-1998 period.

The Ukraine MIC conversion strategy basically consists in addressing the
scientific, technical and military resources to the formation of
self-sufficient and competitive enterprises that will be the back-ground
for the development of the Ukraine economy.

A metodology for the MIC conversion strategy is developed for each of
the selected management levels (State, Departments, Industries) on the
basis of the research outcomes and taking into account the political,
military, legal, economic and social aspects.

The methodological approach to define the conversion strategy of the MIC
economic potential (industrial, technological, scientific, technical
personnel) is carried out through interaction models between national
economy and MIC; resources redistribution models from military to civil
sectors are presented as well.

The conversion directions for the development of the economic potential
are based on the economic analysis.

Thanks to the detected features the approaches for the enterprise
restructuring, the share-holding companies, the establishment of the
financial and industrial groups are set.

The peculiarities of the MIC scientific potential conversion strategies
(taking into account the present situation of the scientific
Institutions are: their possible contribution to the development process
of new products and to the choice of strategic partners to establish
joint-ventures.

As regafds the technological MIC potential, a technology market is
envisaged for the most efficient ones.

With reference to the personnel potential, a mechanism is presented; it
provides the appropriate economic and social conditions, it introduces
the labour forces market and centres for employment and training.

The organising and economic mechanism for the realisation of the MIC
conversion strategy is developed from the general, individual and
unitary point of view.

The conversion strategy of the state regulation for the military
branches, aerospace centres and shipyards is presented: the mechanism of
the proposed state support is based on protectionism to promote the
national space-rackets, aircraft and civil ships enterprises.

As regards the state strategy for radio-electronic, communication and
computer indistries, the implementation of the technological level
supporting a wide diffusion of the new critical technologies is also
described: recommendations for assistance and acceleration of this level
at the civil enterprises are stated.

As regards the tools and devices enterprises, machine building and heavy
industry, the state action should ensure market freedom and assistance
in developing small and medium scale business as well as protection of
local manufacturers.

Regional conversion policies are developed; the methodical
recommendations already applied to the Donetsk region for the local
conversion programme are presented.

Key words: military and industrial complex, strategy, conversion,
systems analysis, technological level, personnel, state regulation,
regional policy, organizational and economic mechanism.

AIIIOAOeEss

Naeiiaoeia E.I. No?aoaaey eiiaa?nee aiaiii-i?iiuoeaiiiai eiiieaena
Oe?aeiu (i?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneea aniaeou). – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea iao/iie noaiaie aeieoi?a yeiiiie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.02.03 – I?aaiecaoeey oi?aaeaiey, ieaie?iaaiea e
?aaoee?iaaiea yeiiiieee. – Einoeooo yeiiiieee i?iiuoeaiiinoe IAI
Oe?aeiu, Aeiiaoee, 1999.

Aeenna?oaoeey niaea?aeeo iiaoth oeaeinoioth eiioeaioeeth no?aoaaee
eiiaa?nee aiaiii-i?iiuoeaiiiai eiiieaena Oe?aeiu, eioi?ay nicaeaao
i?aaeiinueee aeey oi?ie?iaaiey i?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie-/aneiai iaoaiecia
aa ?aaeecaoeee ia iao/iie iniiaa; eiie?aoiua ?aeiiaiaeaoeee
ioiineoaeueii ?uii/iuo i?aia?aciaaiee eiiaa?ne-?oaiuo i?aaei?eyoee e
iao/iuo i?aaiecaoeee; eiiieaen i?aaiauo, yeiiiie/aneeo e
i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo iiaeoiaeia, iai?aaeaiiuo ia iiauoaiea yooaeoeaiinoe
?aaoee?iaaiey eiiaa?nee AIE Oe?aeiu ia ainoaea?noaaiiii, ?aaeiiaeueiii e
i?iecaiaenoaaiiii o?iaiyo oi?aaeaiey; eiioeaiooaeueiua iiaeoiaeu e
?ac?aaioeo iao/ii-i?aeoe/aneeo ?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii eniieueciaaieth
eiiaa?neiiiuo ?ano?nia a eioa?anao yeiiiieee no?aiu.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: aiaiii-i?iiuoeaiiue eiiieaen, no?aoaaey, eiiaa?ney,
eiiaa?neiiiua ?ano?nu, i?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneee iaoaieci.

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