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Суспільно-географічні дослідження територіально-рекреаційних систем (на матеріалах Тернопільської області): Автореф. дис… канд. геогр. наук / Н.П. С

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Euea?anueeee aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? ?aaia O?aiea

Noaoeueei Iaae?y Iao??aia

OAeE 338:91:911.52 (477.84)

Noni?eueii-aaia?ao?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy

oa?eoi??aeueii-?ae?aaoe?eieo nenoai

(ia iaoa??aeao Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano?)

11.00.02 – aeiiii?/ia oa nioe?aeueia aaia?ao?y

Aaoi?aoa?ao

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa aaia?ao?/ieo iaoe

Euea?a – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia ia eaoaae?? aaia?ao?? Oe?a?ie Oa?iii?euenueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? Aieiaeeie?a Aiaothea
I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie.

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: eaiaeeaeao aaia?ao?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio

Canoaaaoeueeee Aiaaeai ?aaiiae/,

Oa?iii?euenueeee aea?aeaaiee iaaeaaia?/iee oi?aa?neoao

?iai? Aieiaeeie?a Aiaothea, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e aaia?ao?? Oe?a?ie.

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? aaia?ao?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Oaae?e Ieaa
?aaiiae/, Euea?anueeee aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? ?aaia O?aiea,
caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e aeiiii?/ii? ? nioe?aeueii? aaia?ao??;

Eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, noa?oee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee E?aaoe?a
Aaneeue Noaiaiiae/, ?inoeooo ?aa?iiaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue IAI Oe?a?ie,
caa?aeoaa/ a?aeae?eo.

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: *a?i?aaoeueeee aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? TH??y
Oaaeueeiae/a, eaoaae?a aaia?ao?? Oe?a?ie ? ea?oia?ao??, I?i?noa?noai
ina?oe Oe?a?ie, i. *a?i?aoe?.

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “28” o?aaiy 1999 ?ieo i 14.00 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E. 35.051.05 ii caoenoo
aeena?oaoe?e ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa iaoe o
Euea?anueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao? ?iai? ?aaia O?aiea (290000, i.
Euea?a, aoe. Aei?ioaiea, 41).

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o iaoeia?e a?ae?ioaoe?
Euea?anueeiai aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? ?aaia O?aiea (290 000,
i.Euea?a, aoe.Ae?aaiiaiiaa,5)

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaii “27” ea?oiy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee,

eaiaeeaeao aaia?ao?/ieo iaoe E.O.Aeoa?n.

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ? NO?OEOO?A ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. O?ainoi?iaoe?y noni?eueieo a?aeiinei, ui
a?aeaoaa?oueny a Oe?a?i?, aeiaaa? ia?aaoaeiae no?oeoo?e ainiiaea?nueeiai
eiiieaeno c oei, uia yeiaeiiai?oa caaeiaieueieoe iio?aae ethaeae o
niiaeea/eo oiaa?ao ? ??ciiiai?oieo iineoaao, a o./. ? ?ae?aaoe?eieo.
Aiane?aeie oeueiai iineeth?oueny iio?aaa o iiaeaeueoiio aaeineiiaeaii?
aaii?inoi?iai? i?aai?caoe?? oa?eoi??aeueii-?ae?aaoe?eieo nenoai (O?N)
??cieo oaeniiii?/ieo ??ai?a. Caaaeath/e ia oea, a oaeiae ia cia/i?
?ae?aaoe?ei? ?ano?ne o ??cieo ?aa?iiao Oe?a?ie, aeieea? iio?aaa
iaoeiaiai ia??oiooaaiiy ?ae?aaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino?, noai?aiiy iaea?eueo
a?aeiia?aeieo oiia aeey aeeooy ? a?aeii/eieo ethaeae. Oaea ae?yeuei?noue
iiaea noaoe iaei??th ?c aaaeeeaeo o ainiiaea?nueeiio eiiieaen? aaaaoueio
iaeanieo ?aa?ii?a, iniaeeai oeo, ui iathoue aa?a?ii-i?iieneiaee oei
?icaeoeo, a?aecia/athoueny iaeiaioeie iieacieeaie caa?oaeiaiiy
aeiae?eey, iathoue aaaao? ?ae?aaoe?ei? ?ano?ne. O O?N oaeeo ?aa?ii?a
iiaeooue ia o?eueee oi?ioaaoenue ?ae?aaoe?ei? iineoae, ui
iaaeaaaoeiooueny i?noeaaiio ianaeaiith, aea e oae?, ui
caaeiaieueiyoeiooue iio?aae ethaeae c ?ioeo ?aa?ii?a e?a?ie oa c-ca
ei?aeiio. Oaea ae?yeuei?noue aeiaaa? iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue, ui aoee a
i?enay/ai? ?ica’ycaiith i?iaeai ioe?iee ?ae?aaoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo,
anoaiiaeaiith iaea?eueo ?aoe?iiaeueii? no?oeoo?e ?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie,
caeo/aiiy iaeneiaeueii? /anoeie ianaeaiiy aei a?aeii/eieo a iaaeao o???
oa?eoi???, aea aiii i?iaeeaa?, ?icaeoeo aenii?oieo oi?i ?ae?aaoe?eii?
ae?yeueiino?. Noni?eueii-aaia?ao?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy ?ae?aaoe?eii?
ae?yeueiino? a Oe?a?i? cae?enithaaeeny oaeeie a/aieie, ye A.?.Aca?,
E.I.Aaa?iaa, I.I. Aaeaeee, TH.A.Aaaeai?i, ?.I.Aa?aneiia, O.Ae.Canoaaiee,
?.A.Ci??i, I.A.?aiaoaiei, E.I. Ei?aoeueeee, I.I.E?a/eei,
A.A.Eoae?yaoeaa, N.I.Eocee, I.N.Ie?iiaiei, I.TH.Iaaeaoe?anueea,
I.N.Ioaeaeueiai, I.I?nooi, A.N.I?aia?aaeainueeee, A.I.?oaeaiei,
?.A. Niaeue, ?.O. Oaa?aeioe?aia, ?.I.*aeay, I.?.Oaae?e, I.A.Ua?aeia oa
?i. Iaeiae aaaaoi iieiaeaiue c oai??? oa i?aeoeee ?ae?aaoe?eii?
ae?yeueiino? aeiaaathoue ia?aaeyaeo c iaeyaeo ia o?ainoi?iaoe?th
noni?eueieo a?aeiinei, ia iaiao?aei?noue ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??
noni?eueii-aaia?ao?/iiai eiiieaeno. Oea ? coiiaeei aea?? oaie
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe oa aecia/eei iniiai? iai?yiee
noni?eueii-aaia?ao?/iiai aeine?aeaeaiiy oa?eoi??aeueieo ?ae?aaoe?eieo
nenoai.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeena?oaoe?eia
?iaioa aeeiiaia o ?aieao iaoeiai? oaie eaoaae?e aaia?ao?? Oe?a?ie
Oa?iii?euenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai?
Aieiaeeie?a Aiaothea “I?iaeaie nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo
Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano? a oiiaao ia?aoiaeo aeiiii?ee aei ?eieiaeo
a?aeiinei”.

Iaoa ? iniiai? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoa aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe
iieyaa? o aeine?aeaeaii? ?icaeoeo oai?aoe/ieo iieiaeaiue, ?ic?iaoe?
iaoiaee/ieo iniia aeey ia??oiooaaiiy iai?yie?a oaeineiiaeaiiy
aaii?inoi?iai? i?aai?caoe?? oa?eoi??aeueii-?ae?aaoe?eieo nenoai
iaeaniiai ??aiy a oiiaao ia?aaoaeiae noni?eueieo a?aeiinei a Oe?a?i?.

Aeey aeinyaiaiiy iaoe aoee iinoaaeai? oae? caaaeaiiy:

– iiaeeaeoe oai?aoe/i? iniiae aeine?aeaeaiiy O?N ia iniia? aiae?co
?nioth/eo eiioeaiooaeueieo i?aeoiae?a aei ?icoi?iiy nooiino? oeueiai
ia’?eoa, eiai no?oeoo?e;

– ia??oiooaaoe nenoaio iaoiae?a aeey aea/aiiy oa?eoi??aeueieo
?ae?aaoe?eieo nenoai;

– anoaiiaeoe iniaeeaino? aieeao i?e?iaeieo, nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo oa
?noi?eei-aaia?ao?/ieo /eiiee?a ia i?ioeane oi?ioaaiiy, ooieoe?iioaaiiy
oa ?icaeoie iaeanii? ?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie;

– aeei?enoiaoth/e o?aaeeoe?ei? ? no/ani? iaoiaee noni?eueii-aaia?ao?/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue, cae?enieoe aiae?c eiiiiiaioii-ooieoe?iiaeueii?,
oa?eoi??aeueii-ooieoe?iiaeueii? oa oi?aae?inueei-ooieoe?iiaeueii?
no?oeoo?e ?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie aeine?aeaeoaaii? iaeano?;

– aeyaeoe iai?yiee o?ainoi?iaoe?? oi?i ?ae?aaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino? a
oiiaao ia?aoiaeo noni?euenoaa aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei;

– ?ic?iaeoe noaio ?ae?aaoe?eiiai ?aeiioaaiiy Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano? oa
cae?enieoe ?? aiae?c, ia??oiooaaoe aieiai? iai?yiee aaeineiiaeaiiy
no?oeoo?e ?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie aeine?aeaeoaaii? oa?eoi??? a no/anieo
oiiaao.

I?aaeiao, ia’?eo ? iaoiaeieia?y aeine?aeaeaiiy. I?aaeiaoii
aeine?aeaeaiiy ? oai?aoe/i?, iaoiaeieia?/i?, iaoiaee/i? oa i?aeoe/i?
i?iaeaie ?icaeoeo oa?eoi??aeueieo ?ae?aaoe?eieo nenoai o
aaei?i?no?aoeai?e iaeano?.

Ia’?eoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? oa?eoi??aeueia ?ae?aaoe?eia nenoaia
aaei?i?no?aoeaii? iaeano? ye aaaeeeaa eaiea iaeaniiai
noni?eueii-aaia?ao?/iiai eiiieaeno. Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaaaeaia ia
i?eeeaae? ?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano? – iaei??? c
iaea?eueo aeieia?/ii /enoeo oa?eoi??e, ui ia? cia/i? iiaeeeaino? aeey
iiaeaeueoiai ?icaeoeo ?ae?aaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino? ye aeey caaeiaieaiiy
iio?aa i?noeaaiai ianaeaiiy, oae ? ethaeae c ?ioeo ?aa?ii?a Oe?a?ie.

Iaoiaeieia?/iith iniiaith aeine?aeaeaiiy ? no/ani? oai??? noni?eueii?
aaia?ao??, eiioeaiooaeuei? i?aeoiaee oe?a?inueeeo ? ca?oa?aeieo a/aieo,
ui aea/aee ieoaiiy oa?eoi??aeueii? i?aai?caoe?? ?ae?aaoe?eii?
ae?yeueiino?, Eiinoeoooe?y Oe?a?ie, /eiia caeiiiaeaanoai.

O i?ioean? aeine?aeaeaiiy aeei?enoiaoaaeeny nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae, a oaeiae
iaoiaee: noaoenoe/iee, ii??aiyeueii-aaia?ao?/iee, ea?oia?ao?/iee,
?aeiioaaiiy, iieueiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue, iaoaiaoe/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy,
e?oa?aoo?iee.

Aeena?oaoe?y aeeiiaia ia iniia? aiae?co noaoenoe/ieo iaoa??ae?a,
c?a?aieo aaoi?ii a oi?aae?ii? noaoenoeee Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano?,
oi?aae?ii? aeiiii?ee iaeanii? aea?aeaaei?i?no?aoe??, iaeani?e
naiai?aeainoaioe??, iaeaniiio eii?oao? c ioi?iie i?e?iaee, ath?i
iiaei?iaeae oa aeneo?n?e, a oaeiae oiiaeiaeo iaoa??ae?a oi?aae?iiy
a?o?oaeoo?e Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeanii? aea?aeaaei?i?no?aoe??,
aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy aeieia?/ii? aaciaee o Oa?iii?euenuee?e iaeano?,
iaoa??ae?a ia?aeiii? ca?oiino? ?ae?aaoe?eieo onoaiia oa ?i.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?iaioe iieyaa? a oiio, ui a i?e iiaeeaeaii
oai?aoeei-iaoiaee/i? iniiae aeine?aeaeaiiy iaeanii? ?ae?aaoe?eii?
nenoaie a oiiaao noaiiaeaiiy ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei:

– ?ice?eoi iniaeeaino? ooieoe?iioaaiiy O?N aaei?i?no?aoeaii? iaeano? a
ia?ao?aeiee aei ?eieo ia??iae, i?iaeaie aca?iica’yce?a ?? c ?ioeie
i?aenenoaiaie iaeaniiai noni?eueii-aaia?ao?/iiai eiiieaeno;

– aeyaeaii aieea ??ciiiai?oieo, a o./. ? ?eieiaeo, /eiiee?a ia ?icaeoie
O?N a no/anieo oiiaao;

– i?iaiae?ciaaii ??ci? aniaeoe ooieoe?iiaeueii? no?oeoo?e (eiiiiiaioiee,
oa?eoi??aeueiee, oi?aae?inueeee) ?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie Oa?iii?euenueei?
iaeano?;

– ia??oioiaaii aieiai? iai?yiee oaeineiiaeaiiy oa?eoi??aeueii?
i?aai?caoe?? ?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano? ia iniia?
ioe?iee oiia aeey ?ae?aaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino? oa iio?aa ianaeaiiy o
?ae?aaoe?eieo iineoaao;

– anoaiiaeaii iaiao?aei?noue ?icaeoeo iiaeo oi?i ?ae?aaoe?eii?
ae?yeueiino? a?aeiia?aeii aei ?ae?aaoe?eieo ?ano?n?a oa eii’thieoo?e
?eieo ?ae?aaoe?eieo iineoa, ye? aoee a iai?aaeai? ia ianeoaiaoaaiiy ia
o?eueee ianaeaiiy c iaeano?, aea e c ?ioeo ?aa?ii?a Oe?a?ie oa c-ca
ei?aeiio;

– aeiiiaiaii iaoiaeeeo noni?eueii-aaia?ao?/iiai aea/aiiy O?N.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?iaioe ? io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Cai?iiiiiaai? a
aeena?oaoe?? iaoeiai-iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee aei aea/aiiy O?N iiaeooue
canoiniaoaaoenue aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy oaeeo nenoai ?ioeo iaeanoae
Oe?a?ie, ye? iathoue iiae?ai? oiiae aeey ?icaeoeo O?N ? a ieo ?ae?aaoe?y
iiaea noaoe iaei??th c aaeocae niaoe?ae?caoe?? ainiiaea?noaa. Eiie?aoi?
i?iiiceoe?? uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy oa?eoi??aeueii? i?aai?caoe??
?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano? iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai?
i?aaiaie oa?eoi??aeueiiai oi?aae?iiy a i?ioean? neeaaeaiiy i?ia?ai
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo iaeano? ? noai ?aeiiiiai ieaioaaiiy.

Iaoa??aee aeine?aeaeaiiy aeei?enoai? i?e aeeiiaii? iaoeiai-aeine?aeii?
oaie “I?iaeaie nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo Oa?iii?euenueei?
iaeano? a oiiaao ia?aoiaeo aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei”, ui ?ic?iaey?oueny
eaoaae?ith aaia?ao?? Oe?a?ie Oa?iii?euenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? Aieiaeeie?a Aiaothea. Iieiaeaiiy ?
aeniiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy aeei?enoiaothoueny oaeiae o iaa/aeueiiio
i?ioean? Oa?iii?euenueeiai iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo i?e aeeeaaeaii?
aeenoeeie?i “?ae?aaoe?eia aaia?ao?y”, “Aaia?ao?/ia e?a?ciaanoai c
iniiaaie oo?ecio”, o i?aeaioiaoe? nooaeaionueeeo iaoeiaeo ?ia?o.

Iniaenoee aianie aeena?oaioa. Iiaeeaeaiiy oai?aoe/ieo oa iaoiaee/ieo
iniia aeine?aeaeaiiy oa?eoi??aeueii-?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie iaeaniiai
??aiy, aiae?c ?? aaii?ino?iai? i?aai?caoe?? (i?iaaaeaiee ia iaoa??aeao
Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano?) cae?eniai? aaoi?ii naiino?eii i?ae iaoeiaei
ea??aieoeoaii eaiaeeaeaoa aaia?ao?/ieo iaoe A.?.Canoaaaoeueeiai.
Ai?iaaoe?y iieiaeaiue ?iaioe, cie?aia ao?eaiiy o iaa/aeueiee i?ioean
Oa?iii?euenueeiai iaaeoi?aa?neoaoo i?eeeaaeieo ieoaiue ?ae?aaoe?eieo
nenoai, cae?eniaia ni?eueii c N.?.Aoiueeii.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeeiiaiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy aeiiia?aeaeenue ia iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?yo
i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo Oa?iii?euenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo (1993, 1994); ia i?aeia?iaei?e
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “?aa?iiaeueia iie?oeea Oe?a?ie:
eiioeaiooaeuei? canaaee, ?noi??y, ia?niaeoeae” (Ee?a, 1994); ia
i?aeia?iaeiiio iaoeiai-iaoiaee/iiio nai?ia?? “No/aniee noai oa
ia?niaeoeae aea/aiiy aaia?ao?? ??aeiiai e?ath o oeieao” (Oa?e?a, 1994);
ia iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe??, i?enay/ai?e 95-??//th a?ae aeiy ia?iaeaeaiiy
i?io. A.Eoa?eiae/a (1995).

Ioae?eaoe??. A?aeiia?aeii aei oaie aeena?oaoe?? caeiaoaa/ai iioae?eiaaii
10 ?ia?o caaaeueiei ianyaii 2,4 ae?.a., ?c ieo noaoo? aac ni?aaaoi??a
2.3 ae?.a.

No?oeoo?a ? ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio,
/ioe?ueio ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e oa
aeiaeaoe?a. ?iaioa aeeeaaeaia ia 168 noi??ieao iaoeiiieno. O oaeno?
?ici?uaii10 ?enoie?a, 19 oaaeeoeue. Nienie aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e
neeaaea?oueny c 160 iaeiaioaaiue. Aeiaeaoe?a – 10.

O anooi? ia??oioiaaii aeooaeuei?noue oaie, aea?? ia’?eoa ? i?aaeiaoa
aeine?aeaeaiiy, aecia/aii iaoo e caaaeaiiy, iaoeiao iiaecio oa i?aeoe/ia
cia/aiiy ?iaioe, aeeeaaeaii iniiai? iieiaeaiiy, ui aeiinyoueny ia
caoeno.

A ia?oiio ?icae?e? aeeeaaeai? oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/i? iniiae
aeine?aeaeaiiy oa?eoi??aeueii-?ae?aaoe?eieo nenoai. Aeoeaioiaaii oaaao
ia iaeani?e ?ae?aaoe?ei?e nenoai? (I?N) ye ia’?eo?
noni?eueii-aaia?ao?/iiai aeine?aeaeaiiy.

A ae?oaiio ?icae?e? aena?oeth?oueny aieea /eiiee?a ia oi?ioaaiiy ?
ooieoe?iioaaiiy I?N, ia?aaeon?i: i?e?iaeieo, aeieiai-aaia?ao?/ieo,
eoeueoo?ii-?noi?e/ieo, nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo.

A o?aoueiio ?icae?e? aea?oueny aiae?c eiiiiiaioii-ooieoe?iiaeueii?
no?oeoo?e ?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano?,
aeine?aeaeo?oueny ??aaiue ?icaeoeo oa iniaeeaino? ?ici?uaiiy ??
i?aenenoai.

O /aoaa?oiio ?icae?e? aeae?eythoueny aeaiaioe oa?eoi??aeueii? no?oeoo?e
?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano?, aeaii noaio
?ae?aaoe?eiiai ?aeiioaaiiy oa ?? aiae?c. Ia??oioiaaii oeyoe iiaeaeueoiai
aaeineiiaeaiiy oa?eoi??aeueii? i?aai?caoe?? I?N a ia?ao?aeiee aei
?eieiaeo a?aeiinei ia??iae.

Iniiaiee ci?no aeena?oaoe??

Ia caoeno ?iaioe aeiinyoueny oae? eiioeaiooaeuei? iieiaeaiiy.

1. Iaa?ae’?iiith /anoeiith no/aniiai niiniao aeeooy ? ?ae?aaoe?eia
ae?yeuei?noue – i?ioean noai?aiiy ? niiaeeaaiiy iaoa??aeueieo ?
aeooiaieo oe?iiinoae aeey a?aeiiaeaiiy ? ?icaeoeo o?ce/iiai, ineo?/iiai
oa eoeueoo?iiai iioaioe?aeo ethaeae, ui cae?enith?oueny o a?eueiee /an.
Aiia aeeiio? oae? noni?euei? ooieoe??: icaei?ia/o (naiaoi?ii-eo?i?oia
e?eoaaiiy ? icaei?iaeaiiy), i?ciaaaeueio (caaeiaieaiiy eoeueoo?ieo,
aeooiaieo iio?aa ethaeae), aeiiii?/io ( a?aeoai?aiiy ?iai/i? neee ?
i?aeaeuaiiy ??aiy ?? caeiyoino?, ca?eueoaiiy i?eaooe?a ethaeae),
iie?oe/io (iaeaaiaeaeaiiy eiioaeo?a i?ae ethaeueie ana?aaeei? e?a?ie oa
i?ae e?a?iaie) oa ?i.

Iniaeea?noth ?ae?aaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino? ? oa, ui aiia iia’ycaia ia c
ae?iaieoeoaii i?iaeoeoe??, a ?c ia?ai?uaiiyi ethaeae aeey io?eiaiiy
?ae?aaoe?eieo iineoa (? c iaaeaiiyi oeeo iineoa). Inoaii? oi?iothoueny
i?ae aieeaii iio?aa ianaeaiiy, ui ci?iththoueny aiane?aeie ci?ie ??aiy
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo oa?eoi???, oiia aeeooy ? ae?yeueiino?
ethaeae.

?ae?aaoe?eia ae?yeuei?noue ciaoiaeeoueny i?ae aieeaii oa?eoi??aeueiiai
iiae?eo oa ?ioaa?aoe?? i?aoe?. A i?ioean? iiae?eo i?aoe? a?aeaoaa?oueny
aeia?? iioeiaeueieo ae?eyiie (ia’?eo?a), ye? ca i?e?iaeieie oa
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieie oiiaaie a?aeiia?aeathoue aeiiaai ?ae?aaoe?eii?
ae?yeueiino?. Oa?eoi??aeueia aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y oaei? ae?yeueiino? ?
iaiao?aeiith oiiaith aca?iiae?? ie?aieo /anoei, ui i?ecaiaeeoue aei
oi?ioaaiiy oa?eoi??aeueieo ?ae?aaoe?eieo nenoai.

2. A nenoai? oa?eoi??aeueieo eaiie caaaeueiiaea?aeaaii? ?ae?aaoe?eii?
nenoaie aaaeeeaa i?noea caeiathoue O?N, ye? noi?ioaaeenue ia oa?eoi???
aaei?i?no?aoeaieo iaeanoae – iaeani? ?ae?aaoe?ei? nenoaie (I?N).
ssaeyth/e niaith ii?aeiaiiy ??cieo aeae?a ?ae?aaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino? a
iaeanoyo, oae? nenoaie ? neeaaeiaeie /anoeiaie iaeanieo
noni?eueii-aaia?ao?/ieo eiiieaen?a (NAE). Aiie iino?eii aca?iiae?thoue
?c i?aenenoaiaie NAE: ianaeaiiyi, i?e?iaeii-?ano?niith, ae?iaie/ith,
?io?ano?oeoo?iith.

I?ae iaeanieie oa caaaeueiiaea?aeaaiith ?ae?aaoe?eieie nenoaiaie
anoaiiaeththoueny ?ioi?iaoe?ei?, oi?aae?inuee? oa ethaenuee? ca’ycee,
i?ae ie?aieie I?N – ia?aaaaeii ethaenuee? (?ae?aaoe?ei?) ca’ycee.
Aaee/eia oa ?ioaineai?noue oeeo ca’yce?a aecia/athoueny aaeeeith i??ith
iayaieie ?ae?aaoe?eieie ?ano?naie, no?oeoo?ith I?N, ?? ?icoaooaaiiyi,
aeieiai-aaia?ao?/ieie oiiaaie, o?ainii?oiith aeinooii?noth oa ?i. A
ia??iae noaiiaeaiiy ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei, ui a?aeaoaa?oueny a Oe?a?i? a
oiiaao aeeaiei? aeiiii?/ii? e?ece, iiooaei?noue i?aeiaeanieo ca’yce?a
ciaioo?oueny, ia?aaaaeath/eie ? ?ae?aaoe?ei? aioo??oiueiiaeani? ca’ycee.
?c ai?iaaaeaeaiiyi oaeeo a?aeiinei, eiee cae?eniaiiy ethaenueei?
ae?yeueiino?, a o./. ?ae?aaoe?eii?, a?aeaoaaoeiaoueny ca e?eoa???i
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino?, ?icoe?thaaoeiooueny ye
aioo??oiueiiaeani?, oae ? i?aeiaeani? oa ?ae?aaoe?ei? ca’ycee ca iaae?
e?a?ie.

3. Ia i?ioean oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoie I?N iathoue aieea ye caaaeuei?, oae
? iniaeeai ?aa?iiaeuei? oa eieaeuei? /eiieee: ??aaiue
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo, iniaeeaino? ?icnaeaiiy ethaeae,
aeaiia?ao?/i? i?ioeane (a?aeoai?aiiy ianaeaiiy, i?a?aoe??, o?aai?caoe?y
oa ?i.), aaee/eia ? no?oeoo?a i?aoea?ano?niiai iioaioe?aeo, ??aaiue
caaacia/aiino? ?ae?aaoe?eiei iioaioe?aeii ? eiai no?oeoo?a, nooi?iue
caa?oaeiaiino? aeiae?eey, o?ainii?oia inai?i?noue oa?eoi???, ?eieiaa
eii’thieoo?a oa ?i. Aiie iiaeooue ni?eyoe ?icaeoeo I?N, aai no?eioaaoe
eiai ia ??cieo aoaiao ?icaeoeo noni?euenoaa, ?o ii?aeiaiiy o ??cieo
/anoeiao iaeano? coiiaeth? i?inoi?iao aeeoa?aioe?aoe?th ?ae?aaoe?eii?
ae?yeueiino?. A oiiaao aeiiii?/ii? e?ece aaaiiei ? oaeoi? cieaeaiiy
??aiy aeeooy ianaeaiiy, ui niia?eueith? ?icaeoie O?N /a?ac ciaioaiiy
iio?aa ethaeae a ?ae?aaoe?eieo iineoaao. Aei iaiaaeoaaeueieo
(no?eioth/eo) oaeoi??a a?aeiineoueny oaeiae ?eieiaa eii’thieoo?a, ui a
oiiaao o?ainoi?iaoe?? noni?eueieo a?aeiinei a Oe?a?i? iineeth? nii/aoeo
iiieo ia i?iaeoeoe?th iaoa??aeueiiai ae?iaieoeoaa, a aaea i?ci?oa – ia
iineoae a?aeii/eieo oa icaei?iaeaiiy ethaeae.

Aea/aiiy aieeao ?aa?iiaeueieo /eiiee?a ia ooieoe?iioaaiiy O?N,
i?aeoaa?aeaeo?, ui iniiaiei na?aae ieo ? ?ae?aaoe?eiee iioaioe?ae. A?i
yaey? niaith nenoaio i?e?iaeieo, ?noi?e/ieo, eoeueoo?ieo ia’?eo?a ? ?o
aeanoeainoae, ye? aeei?enoiaothoueny (aai iiaeooue aeei?enoiaoaaoenue) o
?ae?aaoe?ei?e ae?yeueiino?. A?i ? ooieoe?iiaeueiith iniiaith ?ae?aaoe??
?, a iaaiiio ?icoi?ii?, ?? neeaaeiaith /anoeiith. ?ae?aaoe?eia
ae?yeuei?noue coiiaeth?oueny ye e?euee?nieie, oae ? ye?nieie iieacieeaie
?ae?aaoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo. Ca eiai ianyaaie Oa?iii?euenueea iaeanoue
a?aeiineoueny aei na?aaeiueicaaacia/aieo a Oe?a?i?. Aeine?aeaeaiiy
oaeiai iioaioe?aeo Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeanii? ?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie
na?ae/eoue i?i i?ia?aeia i?noea o iueiio i?e?iaeii? neeaaeiai?. Oaeee
iioaioe?ae ioe?iaiee a iaeano? 61,3 iei. a?i, (ca iaoiaeeeith
A.I.?oaeaiea). A?i caeia? 5,3 % a?ae ianya?a anueiai
i?e?iaeii-?ano?niiai iioaioe?aeo iaeano? ? aecia/a?oueny: ni?eyoeeaeie
ee?iaoe/ieie iieacieeaie aeey ?icaeoeo ?ae?aaoe?? a on? ii?e ?ieo
(iaea?eueoa o e?oi?e ia??iae), aeinoaoi?ie aiaeieie ?ano?naie,
ia?aaeon?i aaaaoeie caianaie i?ia?aeueieo aiae, cia/ieie eaiaeoaooieie
i?e?iaeieie ?ano?naie (na?aae ieo – i?e?iaei? caiia?aeieee, caeacieee,
?aa?iiaeuei? eaiaeoaooi? oa aeaiae?ieia?/i? ia?ee, ia?ee – iai’yoee
naaeiai-ia?eiaiai ienoaoeoaa oa ?i. – ieiuath iiiaae 117,2 oen. aa).
Caaaeueia ieiua ?ae?aaoe?eieo oa?aeue, ye? iioaioe?eii i?eaeaoi? aeey
aeei?enoaiiy, noaiiaeoue a iaeano? – 206,9 oen. aa, aai 15 % ??
oa?eoi???; iiiaae 200 i?e?iaeieo ia’?eo?a iathoue ?ae?aaoe?eia cia/aiiy,
ia iniia? ?o aeei?enoaiiy ?icaeaa?oueny ia?aaaaeii ei?ioei/ania
?ae?aaoe?y. Aeiaaio?eaaea ?ae?aaoe?eia ae?yeuei?noue oi?io?oueny ia
iniia? ?ano?n?a i?ia?aeueieo aiae oa e?eoaaeueieo a?ycae. Aa?iii?eii
ii?aeiothoueny c i?e?iaeieie ?ae?aaoe?eieie ?ano?naie ia’?eoe
a?oaieia??, ?noi???, eoeueoo?e, oa a?o?oaeoo?e (250 ia’?eo?a
aeneo?n?eiiai cia/aiiy, aeecueei – 20 iai’yoie a?oaieia??, 130 –
a?o?oaeoo?e, 27 – ?noi???, 19 ioca?a). Aiie ni?eythoue ?icaeoeo
i?ciaaaeueii? ?ae?aaoe??, iaea?eueoa eiioeaio?aoe?y o E?aiaiaoeueeiio,
Cai??anueeiio, Oa?iii?euenueeiio, Aa?aaeainueeiio, Ao/aoeueeiio,
Oa?aaiaeyinueeiio ?aeiiao.

Iecueeee ??aaiue o?aai?caoe?? (41 %), cina?aaeaeaiiy i?nueeiai ianaeaiiy
a iaeiiio aaeeeiio oa 34 iaeeo i?nueeeo iinaeaiiyo, ??aiii??ia
?ici?uaiiy oeeo iinaeaiue na?aae n?euenueei? i?noeaaino?, aaaeaiiy o.c.
“n?euenueeiai niiniao aeeooy” o iaeeo i?noao ? naeeuao i?nueeiai oeio
coiiaeththoue iaaaeeeo iio?aao ianaeaiiy iaeano? a i?aai?ciaaiiio
a?aeii/eieo. Iaea?eueoa aiia o Oa?iiiie? – iaeaea 43 oen. in?a.
Caaaeueia iio?aaa o i?aai?ciaaiiio a?aeii/eieo – 48,9 oen. in?a, o
iai?aai?ciaaiiio – 38,6 oen. in?a, iio?aae a iai?aai?ciaaiiio
a?aeii/eieo i?nueeiai ianaeaiiy iaio? (38,6 %), i?ae o n?euenueeeo
aeeoae?a (52,2 %). Aa?a?iee oa?aeoa? iaeano? aea? iiaeeea?noue
i?aai?caoe?? o. ca. “n?euenueeiai oo?ecio”, “naioeiaioaeueiiai oo?ecio”,
“aeieia?/iiai oo?ecio”, oa ?i.

Ciaioaiith iio?aa ianaeaiiy iaeano? o i?aai?ciaaiiio a?aeii/eieo ni?ey?
oaeiae iia??oaiiy oiia aeeooy ethaeae, ui neeaeeny a oiiaao aeiiii?/ii?
e?ece, ?o iacaeaoi?noue cao?a/aoe cia/i? eiooe ia aeiaaio?eaaeee
a?aeii/eiie.

A iaeano? aeinoaoiuei ?icaeiaia naiaoi?ii-eo?i?oia e?eoaaiiy,
ooieoe?iio? 7 naiaoi???a, 8 naiaoi???a-i?io?eaeoi???a, 36 oaai??a
a?aeii/eieo ae?oae, aaca a?aeii/eieo “E?niaa”, oo?enonueeee eiiieaen
“Ca?o/” oa ?i. Aiie iathoue aeia?a ?icaeiaio iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/io aaco,
caeaoi? caaacia/eoe iio?aae o icaei?iaeaii? oa a?aeii/eieo aeeoae?a
iaeano?.

Ni?ey? ?icaeoeo I?N o?ainii?oia ia?aaea, yea a iaeano? ? aeineoue
aonoith ? ?icaaeoaeaiith.

4. Canoinoaaiiy nenoaiiiai i?aeoiaeo i?e aeine?aeaeaii? ?ae?aaoe?eii?
ae?yeueiino? ia oa?eoi??? Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano? aeicaiey? ?icaeyiooe
no?oeoo?o I?N a oaeeo aniaeoao: eiiiiiaioii-ooieoe?iiaeueiiio,
oa?eoi??aeueii-ooieoe?iiaeueiiio, ooieoe?iiaeueii-oi?aae?inueeiio.

Eiiiiiaioii-ooieoe?iiaeueia no?oeoo?a a?aeia?aaea? caeiiii??i?
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy, ca’ycee i?ae eiiiiiaioaie ? ana?aaeei? ieo, ?o i?noea o
I?N. ?? iniiaieie i?aenenoaiaie ? oo?eci, naiaoi?ii-eo?i?oia e?eoaaiiy,
a?aeii/eiie (?en.1). Iniiaia i?noea na?aae ieo caeia? a?aeii/eiie –
uiaeaiiee, aeo?aeiiai aeiy ? o?eaaeee. Ao?aeoeaieie ia’?eoaie uiaeaiii?
?ae?aaoe?? ? i?e?iaei? ?ae?aaoe?ei? oa?aeaey, ioca?, a?o?oaeoo?i? oa
eoeueoo?i? iai’yoee. Aiie, a oaeiae aace a?aeii/eieo, aioae?, eaii?iae,
caaacia/othoue o.c. i?aai?ciaaiee a?aeii/eiie aeo?aeiiai aeiy. I?noeyie
iai?aai?ciaaiiai a?aeii/eieo o aeo?aei? aei? ? ae?eyiee
naaeiai-ai?iaeieo eiiia?aoea?a (1200 aa caie?), ye? ia’?aeiothoue iiiaae
10 oen. n?iae, iaea?eueoa – o Oa?iii?euenueeiio, Caa?acueeiio,
Cai??anueeiio, *i?oe?anueeiio, E?aiaiaoeueeiio ?aeiiao. Iio?aae
i?nueeiai ianaeaiiy iaeano? o ei?ioei/aniiio a?aeii/eieo – iiiaae 100
oen.in?a – iiai?noth caaacia/othoueny. Aeiaaio?eaaeee i?aai?ciaaiee
a?aeii/eiie ianaeaiiy cae?enith?oueny o naiaoi??yo,
naiaoi??yo-i?io?eaeoi??yo, aacao a?aeii/eieo, aeeoy/eo oaai?ao
a?aeii/eieo, oo?enonueeeo onoaiiaao. Oe? onoaiiae iathoue iiiaae 28 oen.
i?noeue, c ieo 7 oen. i?noeue ? noaoe?iia?ieie. Na?aae ieo – naiaoi???
“Iaaeiai?e” (nio Ieeoeeioe?), Aa?aaeainueeee aeeoy/ee
aano?iaioa?ieia?/iee, E?aiaiaoeueeee aeeoy/ee ineoiiaa?ieia?/iee,
aeeoy/ee aea?iaoieia?/iee a Cae?ueeao, ssaeoi?anueeee
i?ioeooaa?eoeueiciee, “Ca?o/” o i. Aonyoei, “Aa?a?iie” (ooo?? Iaithee
Cai??anueeiai ?aeiio).

A ieo ui??/ii a?aeii/eaa? ? icaei?iaeth?oueny 11 575 oen. in?a. O
Oa?iii?euenuee?e iaeano? ?icaeiai? ??ci? aeaee oo?ecio (?en. 1),
iaea?eueoa – o aeaeyae? aeneo?n?e, ia?o?oo?a aeo?aeiiai aeiy, ui
cae?eniththoueny naiiae?yeueii aai i?aai?ciaaii. I?aai?caoe??th oo?ecio
a iaeano? caeiathoueny ?yae onoaiia, ye? aoiaeyoue o ia’?aeiaiiy
“Oe?i?iooo?”, oo?enonueei-icaei?ia/ee eiiieaen “E?niaee” (n. Neiii?ioe
Ao/aoeueeiai ?aeiio), oo?aaca “Ca?o/” (nio. Neaea Iiae?euenueea
Ai?u?anueeiai ?aeiio) oo?eiiieaen “E?niaee” (n.Ai??oi?e ?aa/?a
Oa?iii?euenueeiai ?aeiio), eieaeoeaia i?aei?e?inoai “Oa?iii?eueoo?eno”,
ath?i iiaei?iaeae oa aeneo?n?e o Oa?iiiie?, Ai?uia?, E?aiaioe?,
Aa?aaeaiao, *i?oeia?, I?aeaiei/enueeo.

A i?aai?caoe?? aeneo?n?e, ?icaaaeaeueiiai oa icaei?ia/iai a?aeii/eieo ia
oa?eoi??? iaeano? oa ca ?? iaaeaie aaeeea ?ieue Eiiiai?? i?aeia?iaeiiai
iieiae?aeiiai oo?ecio “Noiooiee”. A 1997 ?. ?? aeneo?n?eieie iineoaaie o
iaeano? ? ?aa?iiao Oe?a?ie nei?enoaeinue 16,7 oen. in?a, ca ioo?aeaie
i?aei?e?inoa a?aeii/eaaei a Ea?iaoao ? ia aa?aaao ii??a – 130,2 oen.
in?a, ca iaaeaie Oe?a?ie – iiiaae 1,5 oen. in?a.

Aiane?aeie iia??oaiiy oiia aeeooy, cieaeaiiy i?eaooe?a o a?eueoino?
ianaeaiiy a iaeano? iinooiiai ciaioo?oueny e?euee?noue ethaeae, ui
aa?ooue o/anoue a aeoeaiiio i?aai?ciaaiiio a?aeii/eieo. Iaoii?noue
oe?oi? iiioey?iino? iaaoaa? naiiae?yeueiee (“aeeeee”) oo?eci. A iaeano?
aeey iueiai noai?ai? i?oio?aei?, aiaei?, aaeineiaaei? ia?o?ooe.
Iaeiioe?ai?oeie aeaeaie oo?enoe/ii? ae?yeueiino? ? nii?oeaia,
icaei?ia/a, i?ciaaaeueia, caiyooy ca ?ioa?anaie (?eaieiaey, ieneeanoai,
ca?? ya?ae, a?ea?a oa ?i.).

?AE?AAIO

?icaaaeaeueiee

oaao?

e?ii

oanoeaae?

y?ia?ee

oo?eci

a?aeii/eiie

NAIAOI?II-EO?I?OIA E?EOAAIIss

icaei?ia/ee

Oo?enuee? ia?o?ooe c aeoeaiei niiniaii ia?ai?uaiiy

Eoiaiiy

Eeaeiee

naiaoi???-i?io?eaeoi???

aeiaaio?eaaeee

naiaoi???

ei?ioei/aniee

naioeiaioaeueiee oo?eci

aoi?/ii-iiaooiaee

iiaycaiee c ?icaeoeii iaoe?iiaeueii? eoeueoo?e oa iiaooo ianaeaiiy

oaai?e a?aeii/eieo aeey ae?oae

oo?enonuee? aace

uiaeaiiee a?aeii/eiie

ia?ee

neaa?e

cae. ciie

ioca?

oea?eae

iaiyoi? ?noi?e/i? i?noey

iaa/aeueiee

ie?ai? aeaee nii?oo ? oo?ecio

a?aeii/eiie aeo?aeiiai aeiy

aeneo?n??

oo?enonuee? ii?caeee

aoaeeiee a?aeii/eieo

eaii?iae

naaeiai-ai?iaei? eiiia?aoeae

i?ciaaaeueii-aeneo?n?eiee

iciaeiieaiiy c iaiyoeaie i?e?iaee,

?noi??? oa eoeueoo?e

iocaei? aeneo?n??

caiyooy ca ?ioa?anaie

ieneeanoai

?eaaeuenoai

ca?? a?ea?a ? ya?ae, e?ea?nueeeo ?ineei

ooaeiaei? ? ioc. ienoaoeoai, eieaeoe?iioaaiiy

Aa?ioo?eci

?en. 1. Noaia ooieoe?iiaeueii-eiiiiiaioii? no?oeoo?e iaeanii?
?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie

A oiiaao ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei a iaeano? c’yaeeanue iiaa oi?ia oo?enonueei?
ae?yeueiino?, yea ia? ?ene i?aai?ciaaiiai ? naiiae?yeueiiai oo?ecio –
oea eiia?oe?eiee oo?eci, yeee cae?enith?oueny ca ei?aeii (“oii-oo?e”).

5. Oa?eoi??aeueii-ooieoe?iiaeueia no?oeoo?a I?N oa?aeoa?eco?
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy,aca?iia ?ici?uaiiy oa aca?iica’ycee ??cieo oi?i
aaii?inoi?iaiai cina?aaeaeaiiy ?ae?aaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino?.

Ia oa?eoi??? iaeano? iiaeia aeae?eeoe oae? ?? aeaiaioe: ?ae?aaoe?ei?
?aeiie, i?ae?aeiie, oeaio?e, ?ae?aaoe?ei? ia’?eoe.

?ae?aaoe?eiee ia’?eo – oea ?ae?aaoe?eia onoaiiaa ?c ciiith a?aeii/eieo,
aai aac ia?.

?ae?aaoe?eiee oeaio? yaey? niaith cina?aaeaeaiiy ?ae?aaoe?eii?
ae?yeueiino? a iaeiiio c ianaeaieo ioieo?a (aai iica iei) o aeaeyae?
ie?aieo ?ae?aaoe?eieo onoaiia. Iiaeia aeae?eeoe iiiiooieoe?iiaeuei? oa
iie?ooieoe?iiaeuei? oeaio?e caeaaeii a?ae oiai, iaeei /e e?eueea aeae?a
?ae?aaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino? ?icaeiai? a iueiio.

?ae?aaoe?eiee ?aeii ioiieth? oa?eoi??th ?c iiae?aiei aeaeiaei neeaaeii
?ae?aaoe?eieo ?ano?n?a, a?eueo-iaio iaeiaeiaeo ca ??aiai ?ae?aaoe?eii?
inai?iino? oa?eoi???, iiae?aiith niaoe?ae?caoe??th ?ae?aaoe?eii?
ae?yeueiino?. A?i ? ?ioaa?aeueiei ooai?aiiyi, ai ii?aeio? ??ci? aeaee
?ae?aaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino?.

?ae?aaoe?eiee i?ae?aeii – /anoeia ?aeiio, ia ye?e ia?aaaaea? iaaiee aeae
?ae?aaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino?, ui ?icaeioany ia iniia? iaaiiai ii?aeiaiiy
niaoeeo?/ieo ?ae?aaoe?eieo ?ano?n?a.

A iaaeao Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano? iaie aeae?eaii 5 ?ae?aaoe?eieo
?aeii?a: Oeaio?aeueiee, I?ai?/iee, Cao?aeiee, No?aeiee, I?aaeaiiee
(?en. 2). (?aeiioaaiiy i?iaaaeaia a ?ic??c? a?aieoeue aaei?i?no?aoeaieo
?aeii?a o a?aeiia?aeiino? c iayaieie noaoenoe/ieie iaoa??aeaie).

Oeaio?aeueiee ?aeii – iaea?eueoa caaacia/aiee i?e?iaeii-?ae?aaoe?eieie
?ano?naie (19,7 iei. a?i), caeia? aea?aeia aaia?ao?/ia iieiaeaiiy uiaei
o?ainii?oieo oeyo?a, ia eiai oa?eoi??? iaea?eueo? i?noa iaeano?:
Oa?iii?eue – 234,5 oen. in?a, *i?oe?a – 30,1 oen. in?a, Caa?aae –
14,6 oen. in?a, Oa?aaiaey – 15,2 oen. in?a (62 % i?nueeiai ianaeaiiy
iaeano? – iniiaieo niiaeeaa/?a ?ae?aaoe?eieo iineoa). Ooo ?icaeaa?oueny
ei?ioei/ania ? aeiaaio?eaaea ?ae?aaoe?y, i?aaenoaaeaia onoaiiaaie
eo?i?oii-e?eoaaeueiiai, nii?oeaiiai oa i?ciaaaeueiiai oeio.

Eo?i?oii-e?eoaaeueia ?ae?aaoe?y ?icaeaa?oueny ia iniia? e?eoaaeueieo oa
noieiaeo i?ia?aeueieo aiae. Ooieoe?iio? naiaoi??e aea?aeaaiiai cia/aiiy
“Iaaeiai?e” aeey e?eoaaiiy iii?ii-?ooiaiai aia?aoo oa caoai?thaaiue
ia?aiai? nenoaie, 7 naiaoi???a-i?io?eaeoi???a. Iayai?noue e?niaeo
?ano?n?a ia i?aaei? ?aeiio, a oaeiae ??/ie No?eie oa Na?aoo aeathoue
ciiao ?icaeaaoenue oo?ecio (aaca a?aeii/eieo “E?niaee”, 5 oaai??a
a?aeii/eieo aeey ae?oae). A ?aeii? ? aecia/i? a?oaieia?/i? oa
?noi?eei-eoeueoo?i? iai’yoee, a oaeiae 44 iai’yoee i?e?iaee, 4 caeacieee
caaaeueiiaea?aeaaiiai ? 13 i?noeaaiai cia/aiiy, 5 ia?e?a
naaeiai-ia?eiaiai ienoaoeoaa, ye? noaee aaaeeeaeie ia’?eoaie aeey
?icaeoeo i?ciaaaeueii? ?ae?aaoe??, naioeiaioaeueiiai oo?ecio. ? oaeiae
aaeee? iiaeeeaino? aeey ?icaeoeo ieneeanoaa ? ?eaaeuenoaa.

Aaeeea eiioeaio?aoe?y i?nueeiai ianaeaiiy coiiaeth? ?icaeoie o ?aeii?
aea/iiai a?aeii/eieo. I?ae aea/i? ae?eyiee a?aeaaaeaii 284 aa,
ia?aaaaeii acaeiaae cae?cieoeue oa aaoiiia?eueieo aei??a (ia?aaeon?i
iaaeiei Oa?iiiiey, *i?oeiaa oa ?i.). Oeaio?aeueiee ?ae?aaoe?eiee ?aeii
ii?aeio? o?e i?ae?aeiie: Oa?iii?euenueeee
(i?ciaaaeueii-icaei?ia/i-oo?enonueea ?ae?aaoe?y), Oa?aaiaeyinueeee
(eo?i?oii-e?eoaaeueia), *i?oe?anueeee (oo?enonueei-i?ciaaaeueia
?ae?aaoe?y) (aeea. ?en. 2).

I?ai?/iee ?ae?aaoe?eiee ?aeii (E?aiaiaoeueeee, Ooinueeee, Eai?aaoeueeee
aaei?i?no?aoeai? ?aeiie) ? nai???aeiei o ?ae?aaoe?eiiio a?aeiioaii?
aiane?aeie iayaiino? E?aiaiaoeueeeo a??, e?niaeo ianea?a, iaeueiaie/eo
aeieei, ??e (i?ciaaaeueia, nii?oeaia ?ae?aaoe?y), i?ia?aeueieo aiae
(icaei?ia/i-e?eoaaeueia ?ae?aaoe?y). I?e?iaeiee ?ae?aaoe?eiee iioaioe?ae
?aeiio noaiiaeoue aeecueei 6,1 iei. a?i Ooieoe?iio? niaoe?ae?ciaaiee
ineoiiaa?ieia?/iee naiaoi??e (i. E?aiaiaoeue), aeeoy/ee icaei?ia/ee
oaa??. Ia oa?eoi??? ?aeiio ? 4 caeacieee caaaeueiiaea?aeaaiiai ? 16
i?noeaaiai cia/aiiy, 4 ia?ee naaeiai-ia?eiaiai ienoaoeoaa, 44 i?e?iaei?
iai’yoee, ye? ?acii c iai’yoeaie ?noi??? oa eoeueoo?e ? ia’?eoaie
i?ciaaaeueii? ?ae?aaoe??. Ia oa?eoi??? ?aeiio ciaoiaeeoueny iai’yoea
eoeueoo?e – Ii/a?anueea eaa?a, yea ? ia’?eoii iaeiiieoeoaa i?aaineaaieo
o?enoeyi.

I?aai?caoe?y a?aeii/eieo oa oo?ecio a ?aeii? aeiaaa? ci?i a a?e
?icoe?aiiy ceiiaeo aeae?a, neaeaeac?iiy oa ?i.

A iaaeao I?ai?/iiai ?aeiio aeae?eythoue i?ae?aeiie:
E?aiaiaoeueei-Ii/a?anueeee (a?o?oaeoo?ii-oo?enoe/ii-i?ciaaaeueia
ae?yeuei?noue) oa Ooinueeee (eo?i?oii-e?eoaaeueia-i?ciaaaeueia
ae?yeuei?noue).

Cao?aeiee ?ae?aaoe?eiee ?aeii (Cai??anueeee, Eic?anueeee,
Aa?aaeainueeee, I?aeaa?oeueeee aaei?i?no?aoeai? ?aeiie), a?aecia/a?oueny
aaaaoeie e?niaeie, aiaeieie, ni?eyoeeaeie ee?iaoe/ieie ?ae?aaoe?eieie
?ano?naie aeey a?aeii/eieo oa eo?i?oiiai e?eoaaiiy ethaeae. Ooo ae?? 9
aeeoy/eo oaai??a a?aeii/eieo, aeeoy/ee aano?iaioa?ieia?/iee naiaoi??e
(i. Aa?aaeaie). Ia’?eoaie aeey i?ciaaaeueii? ?ae?aaoe?? ? 3 caeacieee
caaaeueiiaea?aeaaiiai cia/aiiy, aea?aeaaiee ia?e – iai’yoea
naaeiai-ia?eiaiai ienoaoeoaa o n. ?ae, 114 caiia?aeieo ia’?eo?a
i?noeaaiai cia/aiiy. I?e?iaeiee ?ae?aaoe?eiee iioaioe?ae ioe?ith?oueny a
11,4 iei. a?i, a?i cia/iith i??ith iacaae?yiee aeey ?ae?aaoe??, iniaeeai
aeiaaio?eaaei?. Aeey ei?ioei/anii? ?ae?aaoe?? a ?aeii? ? cia/i?
eoeueoo?ii-?noi?e/i? iai’yoee (ia?aaaaeii o i. Aa?aaeaie).

Aeae?eythoueny 2 i?ae?aeiie – Cai??anueeee (i?ciaaaeueii-oo?enoe/ia oa
eo?i?oii-e?eoaaeueia ae?yeuei?noue) oa Aa?aaeainueei-I?aeaa?oeueeee
(eoeueoo?ii-i?ciaaaeueii-oo?enoe/ia, eo?i?oii-e?eoaaeueia ae?yeuei?noue)
(?en.2).

No?aeiee ?ae?aaoe?eiee ?aeii (Aonyoeinueeee ? I?aeaiei/enueeee
aaei?i?no?aoeai? ?aeiie) aeae?ey?oueny na?aae ?ioeo iaeaaeae?oei
ii?aeiaiiyi eaiaeoaooieo, ee?iaoe/ieo, aaeueiaieia?/ieo ?ano?n?a. Ooo
?ici?uaia ai?aenoi-?eoiaa a?yaea Iaaeiai?e, aaaaoa ia ea?noia? oi?ie
?aeue?oo, c nai???aeiei i?e?iee?iaoii. ?ica?aeai? aaeee? caiane
i?ia?aeueieo aiae, ia ?o iniia? ooieoe?iio? naiaoi??e o nio Aonyoei. A
?aeii? ciaoiaeeoueny aeeoy/ee i?ioeooaa?eoeueiciee naiaoi??e
(n. ssaeoi?a), noaoe?iia?iee aeeoy/ee oaa?? a?aeii/eieo “Aanaeea”.
Ia’?eoaie oo?enonueei-i?ciaaaeueii? ae?yeueiino? ? caiia?aeiee
“Iaaeiai?e” (ae?eyiea Oiao?, aa?oeeaeueia ia/a?a “Ia?eeia”), 4
caeacieee, aeeiii? ?eoe Na?iaonueeiai ii?y (n. Iieoiai?aea),
aeaiae?iia?e “Oi?inoe?anueeee”, 68 caiia?aeieo ia’?eo?a i?noeaaiai
cia/aiiy oa ?i., i?e?iaeiee ?ae?aaoe?eiee iioaioe?ae ?aeiio
ioe?ith?oueny a 6,8 iei. a?i).

Aeecuee?noue ?aeiio aei iaea?eueoeo i?no iaeano? – Oa?iiiiey, *i?oeiaa,
aeeoae? yeeo caoe?eaaeai? o ?icoe?ai? iayaieo ?ae?aaoe?eieo caeeaae?a,
?iaeoue oeae ?aeii ia?niaeoeaiei o ?ae?aaoe?eiiio a?aeiioaii?.

A ?aeii? aeae?eaii Eiie/einueei-Aonyoeinueeee i?ae?aeii
(eo?i?oii-e?eoaaeueia ae?yeuei?noue) oa ?ae?aaoe?ei? ia’?eoe a?ey
nio I?aeaiei/enueea, A?eiaeeiaa, i. Neaeaoa (i?noey aeoeaiiai
a?aeii/eieo oo?eno?a).

I?aaeaiiee ?ae?aaoe?eiee ?aeii (Cae?ueoeueeee, Ai?u?anueeee,
Ao/aoeueeee, Iiianoe?enueeee aaei?i?no?aoeai? ?aeiie) a?aecia/a?oueny
aaaaonoaii (ianya iioaioe?aeo 14,4 iei. a?i) oa ??ciiiai?oi?noth
?ae?aaoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo (iaeoaie?oee a iaeano? ee?iao, cia/i? e?nia?
ieiu?, eaiueeii ?. Aei?noa?, ia/a?e a a?inao oa ?i.). Ooo i?aoeth? 4
noaoe?iia?i? oaai?e a?aeii/eieo aeey ae?oae, 2 oo?aace, ia yeeo
a?aeii/eaathoue ethaee c ?ioeo /anoei iaeano?. Ooo ? iaee?au?
iiaeeeaino? aeey ?icaeoeo nii?oeaii? (a?aaey), oo?enonueei? (a o./.
niaeaioo?eci), i?ciaaaeueii? ae?yeueiino?. Aeey inoaiiuei?, e??i
i?e?iaeieo ia’?eo?a (aea?aeaaiee ia?e “Aei?no?ianueeee eaiueeii”,
aeaiae?ieia?/iee ia?e “Aa?iae?aea”, o?i/eua “O?oa/ei”, “Iiae?euenueea
ao/eia” oa ?i.), iathoue cia/aiiy ? iai’yoee ?noi??? oa eoeueoo?e
(iiaeeueieee, ai?iaeeua, iai’yoieee oa ?i.).

Aeae?eythoue Ao/aoeueeee (oo?enonueei-i?ciaaaeueia, nii?oeaia
ae?yeuei?noue) oa Cae?ueoeueei-Ai?u?anueeee (eo?i?oii-e?eoaaeueia oa
oo?enonueei-i?ciaaaeueia ae?yeuei?noue) i?ae?aeiie (?en. 2).

Ia??oiooaaiiy ?ae?aaoe?eiiai ?aeiioaaiiy iaeano? aea? iniiao aeey
anoaiiaeaiiy oeyo?a iioei?caoe?? eieaeueieo ?ae?aaoe?eieo nenoai oa
iaeanii? ?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie a oe?eiio.

6. Oa?aeoa?iith ?enith no/anii? oi?aae?inueei-ooieoe?iiaeueii? no?oeoo?e
I?N ? a?aenooi?noue ?aeeieo noa’?eo?a oi?aae?iiy, ?o ???a?o?/ii?
i?aeii?yaeeiaaiino?. I?aei?e?inoaa ? i?aai?caoe??, ui caeiathoueny
oo?eciii, i?aeii?yaeeiaai? aaeeeei ia’?aeiaiiyi – aeoe?iia?iiio
oiaa?enoao “Oe?i?iooo?”, “?ioo?eno”, eiiiai?? i?aeia?iaeiiai
iieiae?aeiiai oo?ecio “Noiooiee”, i?aiaeiiio eieaeoeaiiio i?aei?e?inoao
“Oa?iii?eueoo?eno”. I?aei?e?inoaa “Oe?i?iooo?” oa “Oa?iii?eueoo?eno”
iaaeathoue iineoae ianaeaiith c i?aai?caoe?? oo?ecio, a?aeii/eieo,
iiaei?iaeae oa aeneo?n?e ia oa?eoi??? iaeano?, a ?io? ?aa?iie Oe?a?ie oa
ca ei?aeii. Ooieoe?iio? oaeiae 18 i?eaaoieo o??i, ye? caeiathoueny
i?aai?caoe??th ca?oa?aeieo oo??a, ia?aaaaeii eiia?oe?eii-oi?aiaaeueieo.
Eo?i?oii-e?eoaaeueia ?ae?aaoe?y a iaeano? ciaoiaeeoueny o a?aeaii?
i?aai?a ioi?iie caei?ia’y (iaeaniiai oi?aae?iiy aea?aeaaei?i?no?aoe?? oa
I?i?noa?noaa ioi?iie caei?ia’y Oe?a?ie). A?aenooi?noue ?aeeii?
oi?aae?inueei? nenoaie ia’?eoaie I?N (iayai?noue aaaaoueio noa’?eo?a
oi?aae?iiy) ii?iaeaeo? iaea?iaai?noue ?icaeoeii oe?e?nii? nenoaie,
iaocaiaeaeai?noue i?ae ?? ie?aieie eaieaie. Iaiao?aeia noai?aiiy ye?nii
iiai? nenoaie oi?aae?iiy c eii?aeeioth/eie ooieoe?yie aeey oiai, uia
iiaeia aoei ocaiaeaeoaaoe ?icaeoie nenoaie a?aeiia?aeii ?c iayaieie
?ae?aaoe?eieie ?ano?naie, caaacia/eoe iio?aae ??cieo eaoaai??e
a?aeii/eaath/eo. Oaea nenoaia caaacia/eea a ia o?eueee ?icaeoie ie?aieo
iaea?eueo i?eaooeiaeo aeae?a a?aeii/eieo ? icaei?iaeaiiy, aea e ia
iniia? canoinoaaiiy iiaeo ?eieiaeo ?ino?oiaio?a ?aa?iiaeueii? iie?oeee,
ni?eyea a eiiieaeniiio ?icaeoeo I?N, oaeineiiaeaiith ?? oa?eoi??aeueii?
i?aai?caoe??.

7. Aieiaiith oiiaith aaeineiiaeaiiy oa?eoi??aeueii? i?aai?caoe?? I?N a
ia??iae o?ainoi?iaoe?? noni?eueieo a?aeiinei ? ia?aaoaeiaa ?? no?oeoo?e
a?aeiia?aeii aei ?eieo ?ae?aaoe?eieo iineoa, ia iniia? iaea?eueo
aoaeoeaiiai aeei?enoaiiy ?ae?aaoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo oa?eoi???. O
Oa?iii?euenuee?e iaeano? ? an? oiiae, uia caaeiaieueieoe ianaeaiiy
Cao?aeiiai ?aa?iio Oe?a?ie o ??ciiiai?oieo oi?iao a?aeii/eieo, e?eoaaiiy
oa oo?ecio. Aeioe?eueieie aeey oeueiai ? oae? caoiaee:

– ?icoe?aiiy ia?aae? naiaoi?ii-eo?i?oieo onoaiia ia aac? aeaea?ae
e?eoaaeueieo aiae oa a?ycae o Oa?aaiaeyinueeiio,
Eiie/einueei-Aonyoeinueeiio ? Ai?u?anueei-Cae?ueoeueeiio i?ae?aeiiao,
iaeaaiaeeoe a?ey oaeeo onoaiia ooieoe?iioaaiiy aoaeeie?a aeey
oei/aniaiai ia?aaoaaiiy naiiae?yeueieo ?ae?aaio?a;

– noai?aiiy noaoe?iia?ieo aoaeeie?a aeey aeiaaio?eaaeiai n?iaeiiai
a?aeii/eieo o Cao?aeiiio oa I?aaeaiiiio ?ae?aaoe?eieo ?aeiiao, aea ?
iaeni?eyoeea?o? aeey oeueiai i?e?iaei? oiiae;

– ?icaeoie iiaeo iai?yie?a ?ae?aaoe?eii-oo?enonueei? ae?yeueiino? (o.c.
“caeaiee oo?eci”, “ii/?aey-ni?aeaiie”, “aa?ioo?eci” (n?euenueeee
oo?eci), ethaeoaeuenuee? aeaee a?aeii/eieo (ieneeanoai, ca?? ya?ae,
?eaaeuenoai), ui caaacia/oaaee a ei?ioei/aniee a?aeii/eiie i?nueeeo
aeeoae?a o iaeueiaie/eo i?noeaainoyo iaeano?;

– iie?ioaiiy i?aai?caoe?? ?ae?aaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino? o caiia?aeieo
ia’?eoao (o.c. “aeieia?/iee oo?eci”), noai?aiiy c oe??th iaoith
Iaoe?iiaeueiiai ia?eo ia aac? i?e?iaeiiai eaiaeoaooiiai ia?eo
“Aei?no?ianueeee eaiueeii”;

– iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie nii?oeaiiai oo?ecio, ia?aaeon?i niaeaioo?ecio,
i?oio?aeiiai, aaeineiaaeiiai, aiaeiiai oa ?i. iaiao?aeia iaeaaiaeaeaiiy
na?a?no, iaeaoooaaiiy i?e?iaeieo ia’?eo?a aeey oo?enonueeeo oe?eae;

– ?icoe?aiiy i?ciaaaeueiiai oo?ecio oa aeneo?n?eii? ae?yeueiino?,
ia?aaeon?i aeey aeeoae?a ?ioeo ?aa?ii?a Oe?a?ie, a i?noeyo ?ae?a?eiiai
iaeiiieoeoaa, ui i?eaaaeththoue ?iicaiieo oa oe?a?inueeeo oo?eno?a
(n.Ca?aaieoey Oa?aaiaeyinueeiai ?aeiio oa i. Ii/a?a E?aiaiaoeueeiai
?aeiio), a oaeiae iiaeeco nai???aeieo iai’yoie i?e?iaee – a?iniaeo
ia/a?; aeey oeueiai iaiao?aeia noai?aiiy aioaeueieo eiiieaen?a,
eaii?ia?a, ia’?eo?a na?a?niiai ianeoaiaoaaiiy oo?eno?a;

– ?icoe?aiiy oo?enonueei-aeneo?n?eieo ia?o?oo?a, caeo/aiiy aeey
iciaeiieaiiy an?o cia/ieo i?e?iaeieo oa ?noi?eei-eoeueoo?ieo ia’?eo?a;

– ?icaeoie ?eieiaeo oi?i ? i?aei?e?iieoeoaa o noa?? ?ae?aaoe?eii?
ae?yeueiino?, noai?aiiy iaeeo i?aei?e?inoa, ye? a i???iooaaeeny ia
i?noeaaee oa ciai?oi?e ?eiee ?ae?aaoe?eieo iineoa, noai?aiiy
?io?ano?oeoo?e aac caeo/aiiy aea?aeaaieo eioo?a;

– caaacia/aiiy eiiieaeniiai caaeiaieaiiy oo?eno?a o a?aeii/eieo, oo?eci?
oa icaei?iaeaii? oo?enonueeeie aaaionoaaie aea?aeaaii? oi?ie aeaniino?;

– ooai?aiiy ia’?eo?a ?ae?aaoe?eiiai ainiiaea?noaa c ??cieie oi?iaie
aeaniino?;

– ?icoaooaaiiy eiioi?oaaaeueieo onoaiia o iaei?eaaaeea?oeo i?noeyo aeey
a?aeii/eieo c iaoith caeo/aiiy ?iicaiieo oo?eno?a oa ?ae?aaio?a ?c ?ioeo
?aa?ii?a Oe?a?ie. ?icaeoie naioeiaioaeueiiai oo?ecio.

I?iaaaeaiiy oeeo caoiae?a aeicaieeoue iioeiaeuei?oa aeei?enoiaoaaoe
?ae?aaoe?eiee iioaioe?ae, ni?eyoeia iiai?oiio caaeiaieaiith
?ae?aaoe?eieo iio?aa ianaeaiiy a iaeano?. ?icaeoie oa iioei?caoe?y
no?oeoo?e ?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie iiaea noaoe aaaeeeaei caniaii ae??oaiiy
aaaeeeaeo nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo i?iaeai, ia?aaeon?i ciaioaiiy
aac?ia?ooy, i?aeaeuaiiy ??aiy aeeooy ethaeae a iaeano?.

A E N I I A E E

1.Aaaeeeaith oiiaith nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo iaeanieo ?aa?ii?a
Oe?a?ie ? iiaeaeueoa aeoea?caoe?y an?o aeae?a ethaenueei? ae?yeueiino?,
a o./. ?ae?aaoe?eii?. Oaea ae?yeuei?noue ? i?ioeanii noai?aiiy ?
niiaeeaaiiy ?ae?aaoe?eieo iineoa, ?? oa?eoi??aeueia i?aai?caoe?y
cae?enith?oueny o oi?i? oa?eoi??aeueii-?ae?aaoe?eieo nenoai ??ciiai
oaeniiii?/iiai ??aiy, a o./. iaeanieo.

2.Iaeania ?ae?aaoe?eia nenoaia – oea neeaaeia, aaoa?iaaiia nenoaia, ui
caaacia/o? ?ae?aaoe?eio ae?yeuei?noue o oa?eoi??aeueieo iaaeao
aaei?i?no?aoeaii? iaeano?. ?? aeine?aeaeaiiy aeiaaa? canoinoaaiiy
??ciiiai?oieo iaoiae?a ? i?eeii?a. Na?aae ieo iaea?eueoa cia/aiiy ia?
nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae, a oaeiae noaoenoe/iee, ii??aiyeueii-aaia?ao?/iee
iaoiaee, ?aeiioaaiiy, iaoaiaoe/ia oa ea?oia?ao?/ia iiaeaethaaiiy oa ?i.

3.Oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoie I?N – neeaaeiee i?ioean, ui a?aeaoaa?oueny i?ae
ae??th ??ciiiai?oieo /eiiee?a. Iniiaieie c ieo ? oa?eoi??aeueiee iiae?e
oa ?ioaa?aoe?y i?aoe?, ui coiiaeththoue aaiaco oaeeo nenoai. Ia
iniaeeaino? ooieoe?iioaaiiy I?N aieeaathoue ua e ?aa?iiaeuei? /eiieee:
?ae?aaoe?eiee iioaioe?ae, ianaeaiiy ? iniaeeaino? eiai ?icnaeaiiy,
??aaiue nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo oa?eoi???, ??aaiue i?eaooe?a
ianaeaiiy, o?ainii?oia ia?aaea oa ?io?ano?oeoo?a. Aiie aecia/athoue
iio?aae ianaeaiiy o ?ae?aaoe?eieo iineoaao ? iiaeeeaino? ?o caaeiaieaiiy
a iaeano?.

4.I?N Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano? ia? neeaaeio no?oeoo?o. ?? iniiaieie
eiiiiiaioaie ? a?aeii/eiie, icaei?iaeaiiy ? oo?eci. Ia’?eoaie
iao?eaaeiai a?aeii/eieo ? ?ae?aaoe?ei? oa?aeaey, iai’yoee ?noi??? oa
eoeueoo?e. Eiai caaacia/othoue ath?i iiaei?iaeae oa aeneo?n?e,
naiaoi???-i?io?eaeoi???, oo?enonueeee eiiieaen, eaii?iae, iioae? oa ?i.

Aeiaaio?eaaeee i?aai?ciaaiee a?aeii/eiie oa icaei?iaeaiiy
cae?enith?oueny a naiaoi?ieo onoaiiaao, aac? oa aeeoy/eo oaai?ao
a?aeii/eieo.

A iaeano? ?icaeiai? ??ci? aeaee oo?ecio (i?ciaaaeueiee, nii?oeaiee,
e?eoaaeueiee, oo?eci “aeo?aeiiai aeiy” oa ?i.).

5.A oa?eoi??aeueii-ooieoe?iiaeuei?e no?oeoo?? I?N aeae?ey?ii oae?
iniiai? neeaaeia? /anoeie: ?ae?aaoe?eiee ia’?eo, ?ae?aaoe?eiee oeaio?,
i?ae?aeii, ?aeii. A iaaeao Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano? iaie aeae?eaii –
I?ai?/iee, Oeaio?aeueiee, I?aaeaiiee, No?aeiee, Cao?aeiee ?ae?aaoe?ei?
?aeiie. Iaea?eueo ni?eyoeeaei aeey ?icaeoeo an?o aeae?a ?ae?aaoe?? ?
I?aaeaiiee ?aeii, aeey e?eoaaeueii-icaei?ia/i? – No?aeiee ?
Oeaio?aeueiee ?aeiie, aeey oo?enoe/ii-i?ciaaaeueii? oa
eo?i?oii-e?eoaaeueii? – I?ai?/iee oa Cao?aeiee ?aeiie.

6.Aeey aaeineiiaeaiiy oa?eoi??aeueii? i?aai?caoe?? I?N a oiiaao
o?ainoi?iaoe?? noni?eueieo a?aeiinei iaiao?aeiee ?icaeoie iiaeo oi?i
?ae?aaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino?, aaeineiiaeaiiy oi?aae?iiy nenoaiith.

Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?? aeeeaaeai? a ioae?eaoe?yo:

1.Oa?eoi??aeueii-?ae?aaoe?eiee eiiieaen: iniaeeaino? eiai oi?ioaaiiy ?
ooieoe?iioaaiiy // Iaoeia? caienee Oa?iii?euenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. Na??y: Aaia?ao?y. – ? 1. – Oa?iii?eue,
1998. – N. 47 – 49.

2.?ae?aaoe?eia aeei?enoaiiy i?e?iaeicaiia?aeieo oa?eoi??e ia i?eeeaae?
Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano? // Iaoeia? caienee Oa?iii?euenueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. Na??y: Aaia?ao?y. – ? 1. –
Oa?iii?eue, 1998. – N. 84 – 86.

3.Ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo oa iniiai? iai?yie oaeineiiaeaiiy no?oeoo?e
oa?eoi??aeueii-?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano? // Iaoeia?
caienee Oa?iii?euenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo.
Na??y: Aaia?ao?y. – ? 2. – Oa?iii?eue, 1998. – N.131-135.

4.I?i no?oeoo?o ? ci?no eo?no “?ae?aaoe?eia aaia?ao?y Oe?a?ie” //
Iaoa??aee iaoeiai-i?aeoe/iiai nai?ia?o c ieoaiue ci?noo oa iaoiaee/iiai
caaacia/aiiy aeeeaaeaiiy aaia?ao?/ieo oe?a?iiciaa/eo aeenoeeie?i o aeu?e
oeie? ( 2 – 3 a?oaeiy 1997 ?ieo). Oa?iii?eue, 1998. – 42 – 43 n.
(ni?aaao. Aoiueei N.?.).

5.I?noea ?ae?aaoe?eieo eaiaeoaoo?a o no?oeoo?? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
oa?aeue Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano? // Aeiiii?/i? i?iaeaie ?icaeoeo
cao?aeiioe?a?inueeiai i?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno a oiiaao ia?aoiaeo aei
?eieiai? aeiiii?ee: Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue aeeeaaea/?a, nooaeaio?a,
ani??aio?a. Oa?iii?eue, – 1996. – N.180.

6.Aei ?noi??? aeine?aeaeaiiy ?ae?aaoe?eieo eiiieaen?a a Oe?a?i? //
Iaoa??aee iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe?? i?enay/aii? 95-??//th a?ae aeiy
ia?iaeaeaiiy i?io. A.Eoa?eiae/a. Oa?iii?eue 26 – 27 a?oaeiy 1995. –
Oa?iii?eue, 1995. – N.219-220.

7.Aeaye? i?aeoiaee aei ioe?iee ?ae?aaoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo// Iaoa??aee
iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe?? i?enay/aii? 95-??//th a?ae aeiy ia?iaeaeaiiy i?io.
A.Eoa?eiae/a.Oa?iii?eue 26 –27 a?oaeiy 1995.–Oa?iii?eue, 1995.–
N.225-226.

8.I?e?iaei? oa ?noi?eei-eoeueoo?i? iai’yoee ye aaca aeey ?icaeoeo
?ae?aaoe?eiiai eiiieaeno Oa?iii?euenueei? iaeano? // Iaoa??aee /aoaa?oi?
ca?oii? iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe?? aeeeaaea/?a oa nooaeaio?a aaia?ao?/iiai
oaeoeueoaoo Oa?iii?euenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai iaaeaaia?/iiai ?inoeoooo ca
1993 ?. – Oa?iii?eue, 1994. – N.74-75 (ni?aaao. Canoaaaoeueeee A.?.).

9.Oa?eoi??aeueii–?ae?aaoe?eiee eiiieaen ye ia’?eo
aeiiii?ei-aaia?ao?/iiai aeine?aeaeaiiy // Iaoa??aee /aoaa?oi? ca?oii?
iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe?? aeeeaaea/?a oa nooaeaio?a aaia?ao?/iiai
oaeoeueoaoo Oa?iii?euenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai iaaeaaia?/iiai ?inoeoooo ca
1993 ?. – Oa?iii?eue, 1994. – N.71-73.

10. ?icaeoie oo?ecio ye aaaeeeai? aaeoc? iaeanii? ?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie:
Ca.iaoe.i?. – Oa?iii?eue: Aeiiii?/ia aeoiea, 1998. – N.115-120.

Aiioaoe?y

Noaoeueei I.I. “Noni?eueii-aaia?ao?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy
oa?eoi??aeueii-?ae?aaoe?eieo nenoai (ia iaoa??aeao Oa?iii?euenueei?
iaeano?)”. ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa aaia?ao?/ieo
iaoe c? niaoe?aeueiino? 11.00.02 – aeiiii?/ia ? nioe?aeueia aaia?ao?y.
Euea?anueeee aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? ?aaia O?aiea, Euea?a, 1999.

Ocaaaeueiththoueny oai?aoe/i? ? iaoiaee/i? aniaeoe aea/aiiy
oa?eoi??aeueii-?ae?aaoe?eie? nenoai. Aeine?aeaeo?oueny aieea i?e?iaeieo,
eoeueoo?ii-?noi?e/ieo, aeieia?/ieo ? nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo /eiiee?a ia
ooieoe?iioaaiiy ? ?icaeoie ?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie Oa?iii?euenueei?
iaeano?. ?icaeyaeathoueny eiiiiiaioii-ooieoe?iiaeueia,
oa?eoi??aeueii-ooieoe?iiaeueia ? oi?aae?inueea no?oeoo?e iaeanii?
?ae?aaoe?eii? nenoaie, ocaaaeueiai? iniiai? iai?yiee aaeineiiaeaiiy
oa?eoi??aeueii? i?aai?caoe?? oaei? nenoaie a oiiaao o?ainoi?iaoe??
noni?eueieo a?aeiinei.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: ?ae?aaoe?eia ae?yeuei?noue, oa?eoi??aeueii-?ae?aaoe?eia
nenoaia, a?aeii/eiie, oo?eci, icaei?iaeaiiy, ?ae?aaoe?eiee ?aeii,
?ae?aaoe?eiee oeaio?, ?ae?aaoe?eiee ia’?eo.

Aiiioaoeey

Noaoeueei I.I. “Iauanoaaiii-aaia?aoe/aneea enneaaeiaaiey
oa??eoi?eaeueii-?ae?aaoeeiiiuo nenoai (ia iaoa?eaeao Oa?iiiieueneie
iaeanoe). ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa aaia?aoe/aneeo
iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 11.00.02. – yeiiiie/aneay e nioeeaeueiay
aaia?aoey. Eueaianeee ainoaea?noaaiiue oieaa?neoao eiaie Eaaia O?aiei,
Eueaia, 1999.

Iaiauathony oai?aoe/aneea e iaoiaee/aneea aniaeou eco/aiey
oa??eoi?eaeueii-?ae?aaoeeiiiuo nenoai. Aeoeaioe?oaony aieiaiea ia
iaeanoiie ?ae?aaoeeiiiie nenoaia eae iauaeoa iauanoaaiii-aaia?aoe/aneiai
enneaaeiaaiey. ?anniao?eaaaony i?ioeann oi?ie?iaaiey e iniaaiiinoe
oa??eoi?eaeueiie aeeooa?aioeeaoeee ?ae?aaoeeiiiuo nenoai.

I?eiaiaiea. Iainiiauaathony iniiaiua iiaeoiaeu e enneaaeiaaieth
oa??eoi?eaeueii-?ae?aaoeeiiiuo nenoai iaeanoiiai o?iaiy, eieaeueiuo
nenoai, a /anoiinoe i?eiaiaiea nenoaiiiai iiaeoiaea, ?acee/iuo iaoiaeia
(noaoenoe/aneiai, eeoa?aoo?iiai, ea?oia?aoe/aneiai, ?aeiie?iaaiey e
ae?.).

Enneaaeoaony aeeyiea iaueo, ?aaeiiaeueiuo e eieaeueiuo oaeoi?ia ia
oi?ie?iaaiea e ?acaeoea iaeanoiie ?ae?aaoeeiiiie nenoaiu e a?
iiaenenoai. A /anoiinoe, iniaia aieiaiea oaeaeaii aiaeeco aeeyiey ia
?ae?aaoeeiiioth nenoaio ?ae?aaoeeiiiiai iioaioeeaea, o?iaiy aeecie
ianaeaiey, iniaaiiinoae ?annaeaiey ethaeae, aeaiia?aoe/aneeo i?ioeannia,
o?iaiy caa?yciaiey ie?oaeathuae n?aaeu, o?ainii?oiie inaiaiiinoe
oa??eoi?ee, ?uii/iie eiiuthieoo?u e i?.

?anniao?eaaaony no?oeoo?a iaeanoiie ?ae?aaoeeiiiie nenoaiu a
eiiiiiaioii-ooieoeeiiaeueiii, oa??eoi?eaeueii-ooieoeeiiaeueiii e
oi?aaeai/aneii aniaeoao. Eiiiiiaioii-ooieoeeiiaeueiay no?oeoo?a
io?aaeaao caeiiiia?iua niioiioaiey, nayce iaaeaeo eiiiiiaioaie e aioo?e
ieo. A? iniiaiuie iiaenenoaiaie yaeythony oo?eci, icaei?iaeaiea e
ioaeuo.

A Oa?iiiieueneie iaeanoe ?acaeou ?aciua aeaeu oo?ecia:
icaei?iaeoaeueiue, yoie/ii-auoiaie, o/aaiue,
iiciaaaoaeueii-yeneo?neiiiue, ?acaeaeaoaeueiue, caiyoea ii eioa?anai,
eiiia?/aneee. Aeieain?i/iue ioaeuo iaania/eaaaony eaaa?yie ioaeuoa aeey
aeaoae e oo?enoe/aneeie aacaie, a e?aoein?i/iue – aeiiaie ioaeuoa,
eaiieiaaie, naaeiai-iai?iaeiuie eiiia?aoeaaie, ia?eaie, iaiyoieeaie
i?e?iaeu, enoi?ee e eoeueoo?u e o.ae.

Icaei?iaeaiea ethaeae a iaeanoe i?ienoiaeeo a naiaoi?eyo,
naiaoi?eyo-i?ioeeaeoi?eyo, aeaoneeo icaei?iaeoaeueiuo eaaa?yo.

Oa??eoi?eaeueii-ooieoeeiiaeueiay no?oeoo?a iaeanoiie ?ae?aaoeeiiiie
nenoaiu oa?aeoa?ecoao niioiioaiea, acaeiiia ?aciauaiea e acaeiinaycue
?acee/iuo oi?i oa??eoi?eaeueiiai nin?aaeioi/aiey ?ae?aaoeeiiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe. A? iniiaiua yeaiaiou: ?ae?aaoeeiiiua ?aeiiu, iiae?aeiiu,
oeaio?u, iauaeou. A i?aaeaeao Oa?iiiieueneie iaeanoe auaeaeaii
5 ?ae?aaoeeiiiuo ?aeiiia ia iniiaa aiaeeca niaoeeaeecaoeee
?ae?aaoeeiiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, aaee/eiu e no?oeoo?u, ?ae?aaoeeiiiiai
iioaioeeaea, eiee/anoaa ?ae?aaioia, iai?aaeaiee ?ae?aaoeeiiiuo iioieia:
Oeaio?aeueiue, Naaa?iue, Caiaaeiue, Ainoi/iue e THaeiue. Iaeaieaa
aeaaii?eyoiua oneiaey aeey ?acaeoey anao aeaeia ?ae?aaoeee eiaao THaeiue
?aeii; aeey ?acaeoey ea/aaii-icaei?iaeoaeueiie – Ainoi/iue e
Oeaio?aeueiue; aeey – oo?enonei-iiciaaaoaeueiie e
ea/aaii-icaei?iaeoaeueiie – Naaa?iue e Caiaaeiue ?aeiiu.

Onoaiiaeaiu iniiaiua /a?ou nia?aiaiiie aaeieieno?aoeaii-ooieoeeiiaeueiie
no?oeoo?u iaeanoiie ?ae?aaoeeiiiie nenoaiu: ionoonoaea aaeeiuo noauaeoia
oi?aaeaiey e eii?aeeiaoeee aeayoaeueiinoe ?ae?aaoeeiiiuo iauaeoia.

?ac?aaioaiiua iniiaiua iai?aaeaiey niaa?oainoaiaaiey oa??eoi?eaeueiie
i?aaiecaoeee iaeanoiie ?ae?aaoeeiiiie nenoaiu a ia?eiae o?ainoi?iaoeee
iauanoaaiiuo ioiioaiee. Iniiaiia aieiaiea oaeaeaii ia?ano?ieea no?oeoo?u
yoie nenoaiu a niioaaonoaee n ?uieii oneoa, ia iniiaa iaeaieaa
yooaeoeaiiai eniieueciaaiey ?ae?aaoeeiiiiai iioaioeeaea oa??eoi?ee,
niaa?oainoaiaaieth oi?aaeaiey nenoaiie. ?aeiiaiaeothony e ?acaeoeth
iiaua oi?iu ?ae?aaoeeiiiie aeayoaeueiinoe (“caeaiue” e “yeieiae/aneee
oo?eci”. “naioeiaioaeueiue oo?eci”), nicaeaiea noaoeeiia?iuo aeiiia aeey
aeeeoaeueiiai naiaeiiai ioaeuoa, ?anoe?aiea naoe naiaoi?ii-eo?i?oiuo
o/?aaeaeaiee e oo?enonei-yeneo?neiiiuo ia?o?ooia, ?acaeoea iauaeoia
?ae?aaoeeiiiiai oicyenoaa ?acee/iuo oi?i nianoaaiiinoe e i?.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: ?ae?aaoeeiiiay aeayoaeueiinoue,
oa??eoi?eaeueii-?ae?aaoeeiiiay nenoaia, ioaeuo, oo?eci, icaei?iaeaiea,
?ae?aaoeeiiiue ?aeii, ?ae?aaoeeiiiue oeaio?, ?ae?aaoeeiiiue iauaeo.

ANNOTATION

Stetsko H.P. Socio-geographical researches on territory-recreative
systems (on the material of Ternopil region). Manuscript.

Dissertation on the scientific degree of candidate of geographical
sciences, major 11.00.02 – economic and social Geography. Lviv State
University named after Ivan Franko, Lviv, 1999.

Theoretical and methodical aspects of investigation of
territory-recreate systems are generalized. The influence of natural,
socio-economic and ecological conditions on the functioning and
development of recreation system of Ternopil region is investigated.
Component-functional, territory-functional and organizational structures
of regional recreate system are concerned. The main trends of territory
organization improvement of such system are discussed within social
relation’s transformation.

Key words: recreate activity; territory–recreate system; recreation,
tourism, health recovery, recreation district, recreation center,
elementary territory-recreate system.

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