.

Творчість Петра Ребра в контексті розвитку української літератури 50-90 рр. XX ст.: Автореф. дис… канд. філол. наук / О.О. Стадніченко, Запоріз. дер

Язык: украинский
Формат: реферат
Тип документа: Word Doc
136 4131
Скачать документ

Caii??cueeee aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao

Noaaei?/aiei Ieueaa Ieaenaiae??aia

OAeE:883?-1.081

Oai?/?noue Iao?a ?aa?a a eiioaeno? ?icaeoeo

oe?a?inueei? e?oa?aoo?e 50-90-o ??. OO no.

Niaoe?aeuei?noue 10.01.01 – oe?a?inueea e?oa?aoo?a

aaoi?aoa?ao

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa o?eieia?/ieo iaoe

Caii??aeaey – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia ia eaoaae?? oe?a?inueei? e?oa?aoo?e Caii??cueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie.

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? o?eieia?/ieo iaoe, a.i. i?ioani?a Oaa/aiei
A?oae?e Oaaei?iae/,

caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e oe?a?inueei? e?oa?aoo?e

Caii??cueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo.

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeaaeai?e IAI Oe?a?ie, aeieoi?
o?eieia?/ieo

iaoe, i?ioani? Aecaaa??i ?ai? Ieaenaiae?iae/,

?aaeiee i?e aee?aeoe?? ?inoeoooo

e?oa?aoo?e ?i. O.A.Oaa/aiea IAI Oe?a?ie

eaiaeeaeao o?eieia?/ieo iaoe,

Aaeaoeueea Aaeaioeia Eaii?ae?aia, aeioeaio

eaoaae?e oe?a?inueei? e?oa?aoo?e

Aei?i?iiao?ianueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: N?ioa?iiieuenueeee aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao,

eaoaae?a oe?a?inueei? e?oa?aoo?e,

i. N?ioa?iiieue

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 17 aa?aniy 1999 ?ieo i 10 aiae. ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E 17.051.02 i?e Caii??cueeiio aea?aeaaiiio
oi?aa?neoao? (330600, i.Caii??aeaey, aoe.AEoeianueeiai,66, ei?ion 2,
o?eieia?/iee oaeoeueoao, aoaeeoi??y 230).

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny a a?ae?ioaoe? Caii??cueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo (330600, i.Caii??aeaey, aoe.AEoeianueeiai,66,
ei?ion 2).

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaii 13 na?iiy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee

eaiaeeaeao o?eieia?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio Oii’ye O.A.

Caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe

Aeooaeuei?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy. Oe?a?inueea e?oa?aoo?a ae?oai? iieiaeie
XX noie?ooy iaaecae/aeii aaaaoa i?ea?iaeueieie oaeaioaie, aea aeaeaei ia
an? aiie a?aeii? /eoa/aa?. E?oa?aoo?iee i?ioean oeueiai ia??iaeo noaa
nai???aeiei a?aeaeca?eaeaiiyi neeaaeieo ? /anii ae?aiaoe/ieo iiae?e o
aeeoo? iaoiai noni?euenoaa, a oai?youe eiai ienueiaiieee, ye? ?
i?aaenoaaieeaie iae??ciiiai?oi?oeo oa/?e ? iai?yie?a (i?eiaeii? c
e?ioey 1980-o): a?ae i?eoeeueiee?a o?aaeeoe?iiae?nonueeiai ienueia, yea
ae?inei c nioe?aae?cio, aei iia?oi?o iiaea?i?nocueeeo oaiaeaioe?e,
ye-io, “Iiaa aeaaaia?aoe?y” /e Ao-Aa-Ao. No/ania oyaeaiiy i?i
neeaaei?noue ? ?icia?ooy oe?a?inueeiai e?oa?aoo?iiai i?ioeano ae?oai?
iieiaeie XX noie?ooy aoei a iaiiaiei aac anaa?/iiai inieneaiiy
ooaeiaeiueiai aei?iaeo ienueiaiieea ? a?iiaaenueeiai ae?y/a Iao?a ?aa?a
(ia?. 1932?.), yeee ni?aaaaeeeai iacaaiee e?eoeeaie “ni?aoeai
caii?icueeiai e?ath” ? “ooaeiaei?i e?oiienoeai aeiae”.

I.?aa?i – aaoi? iiiaae 70 eiea, aei yeeo oa?eoee e??eea, aoii? ? naoe?a,
a??o? aeey ae?oae, ae?aiaoe/i? oai?e, aeieoiaioaeueia i?ica,
ioae?oeenoe/i?, e?oa?aoo?ii-e?a?ciaa/? oa e?oa?aoo?ii-e?eoe/i?
aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aeayea /anoeia eiai ienoaoeueeiai iaaooeo
(ioae?oeenoe/i? noaoo?, e?oa?aoo?ii-e?eoe/i? ia?ene) caeeoeeany o?eueee
ia noi??ieao aacao ? aeo?iae?a. Ia oe? iiooe?a oe?a?inueeeo e?oa?aoi??a
aiae?ciaaiiai ia??iaeo oai?/a ae?yeuei?noue I.?aa?a a?aecia/a?oueny
nai???aei?noth ooaeiaeiuei? iaia?e, oe?ioith aeai?iai-oaiaoe/ieo ia???a.

Oi/a e?eoeea ia caeeoaea iica oaaaith oai?/?noue I.?aa?a, aea/aiiy eiai
aei?iaeo caiaeeeinue aei ii?o?aoii-iaeyaeiaeo noaoae (I.Iaaiea?aea,
A.*aaaiaiei, A.*aeee oa ?i.) oa ?aoeaic?e ia ie?ai? eieae (?.Aaeaiaoeue,
TH.Aa?aaao, I.Eiac?a, N.E?eaeai?anueeee, ?.Eoi??yiia, ?.?eaeee,
I.Na?aethe, A.Oaa/aiei, O.Oii’ye). O?eueee iauiaeaaii iiaa/ea na?o ia?en
A.*aaaiaiea “Iao?i ?aa?i. E?oa?aoo?iee ii?o?ao”, yeee iiaeia iacaaoe
ni?iaith noeneiai iaeyaeo anueiai aeioaia??oiueiai aei?iaeo I.?aa?a.

Noeneee iaeyae ioae?eaoe?e (150 noaoae, ?aoeaic?e, a?aeaoe?a)
i?enay/aieo oai?/ino? I.?aa?a, aeicaiey? c?iaeoe aeniiaie, ui aiia
i?eaa?oaea aeineoue ieeueio oaaao e?oa?aoo?iciaaoe?a. Aiaeii/an aa?oi
a?aecia/eoe, ui a oeeo aeine?aeaeaiiyo iniiaiee aeoeaio c?iaeaii ia
aeoeoia/aii? ?aeaeieo iiiaio?a, i?eoaiaiieo e?oa?aoo?i?e oai?/ino?
I.?aa?a, ? iaeaea cian?i a?aenooi?e aiae?c iiaoeee eiai oai??a; ia’?eoii
niaoe?aeueiiai nenoaiiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy oai?/?noue I.?aa?a ua ia aoea,
oi/a aiia aea? oe?eaaee iaoa??ae aeey aeyaeaiiy iaaieo oaiaeaioe?e
?icaeoeo ooaeiaeiueiai ieneaiiy iaeno??a neiaa ae?oai?
iieiaeie XX noie?ooy.

Aeena?oaoe?y ? ia?oith ni?iaith cae?eniaiiy oe?e?niiai – nenoaiiiai ?
neioaoe/iiai – aiae?co ooaeiaei?o oai??a, ioae?oeenoeee,
e?oa?aoo?ii-e?a?ciaa/eo oa e?oa?aoo?ii-e?eoe/ieo ioae?eaoe?e I.?aa?a,
ye? noaee iii?oiei yaeuai o e?oa?aoo?iiio i?ioean? ae?oai? iieiaeie XX
no.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia? ca’ycie c iiaeie iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie ? ieaiaie
?inoeoooo e?oa?aoo?e ?i. O.A.Oaa/aiea IAI Oe?a?ie, aiia aeeiiaia a ?one?
iaoeiaiai iai?yieo “E?oa?aoo?a e ?noi??y”, aeeth/aiiai aei eiiieaeniiai
ieaio iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o Caii??cueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo.

Iaoa ?iaioe aecia/a?oueny iaiao?aei?noth i?iaanoe aiae?oeei-neioaoe/ia
aeine?aeaeaiiy ienueiaiieoeueeiai aei?iaeo Iao?a ?aa?a ye neeaaeiai?
/anoeie oe?a?inueeiai e?aniiai ienueiainoaa ae?oai? iieiaeie XX
noie?ooy, cae?enieoe eiai oeiieia?/ia c?noaaeaiiy c oai?/?noth ?ioeo
ieooe?a, a, ioaea, e ie?aneeoe i?noea ienueiaiieea o e?oa?aoo?iiio
i?ioean? c iiceoe?? ?noi?ecio oa c iiaeyaeo nueiaiaeaiiy. I?e oeueiio a
aeena?oaoe?? iaaieioaii ia iaoe?iiaeueii-iao??ioe/i?e i???ioaoe??
I.?aa?a.

?aae?caoe?y iinoaaeaii? iaoe ia?aaeaa/aea ?ica’ycaiiy oaeeo caaaeaiue:

aeine?aeeoe aeaea?aea ? oeyoe oi?ioaaiiy na?oiaeyaeo I.?aa?a ye ieooey,
?ice?eoe aeoiee oa aaiethoe?th eiai e?oa?aoo?ii-anoaoe/ieo iiaeyae?a;

i?inoaaeeoe niaoeeo?eo a?aeai?o ieooeai aeeoo?aiai iaoa??aeo aeey
ooaeiaeiueiai inieneaiiy, oai?aiiy ia?ac?a, ?icaeoie, caaaa/aiiy
iniiaieo oai, ?aeae;

ioa?aeoa?ecoaaoe aeai?ia? oa aeeoa?aioe?thaaoe aioo??oiuei- aeai?ia?
ci?ie oai??a I.?aa?a, aaiethoe?th ?oiueiai ci?noo oa no?oeoo?e,
c’ynoaaoe nai???aei?noue iiaeeo?eaoe?eieo iciae, aaanoe ?o o eiioaeno
e?oa?aoo?iiai i?ioeano;

ie?aneeoe iniaeeaino? ooaeiaeiuei? iaia?e oa ?? aaiethoe??, ?oo iiaoeee
a aeaaeae? i?noe?o?e iie?oii?/iino?, a o?niiio ca’yceo c yaeuaie
?aaeueii? ae?eniino?, ?icaeyiooe noeeueiao ??ciiiai?oi?noue oai??a,
aecia/eoe nai???aei?noue ooaeiaei?o cania?a;

i?iaiae?coaaoe e?oa?aoo?ii-e?a?ciaa/? oa e?oa?aoo?ii-e?eoe/i? i?aoe?
I.?aa?a ? aecia/eoe eiai aianie o ?icaeoie ?aa?iiaeueii? aeooiaii?
eoeueoo?e;

aecia/eoe i?noea aeioaia??oiueiai aei?iaeo I.?aa?a o e?oa?aoo?iiio
i?ioean? ae?oai? iieiaeie XX no.

Ia’?eoii aiae?co aoee e??eea, aoii? ? naoe?a, ae?aiaoe/i? iiaie, oai?e
aeey ae?oae, ooaeiaeiuei-aeieoiaioaeueia i?ica, e?oa?aoo?ii-e?a?ciaa/?
aeine?aeaeaiiy, e?oa?aoo?ii-e?eoe/i? ioae?eaoe?? ienueiaiieea;
inieneththoueny eiai e?oa?aoo?ii-anoaoe/i? iiaeyaee, iniaeeaino? ?o
oai?/iai aeyao, i?inoaaeothoueny oaeoe e?oa?aoo?iiai ni?eeoaaiiy oa
ioi/aiiy, a yeiio oi?ioaaeeny na?oiaeyaei? iiceoe?? oa iniaeeaino?
oai?/iai iaaea?oaaiiy I.?aa?a ye ieooey c oe?ieei niaeo?ii
naiiae?aaeaiiy.

Aeaea?aeueio aaco ?iaioe, e??i oai??a ? i?aoeue I.?aa?a, neeaee
?aoeaic?? oa a?aeaoee ia eiai ie?ai? ca??ee I.Eiac?aa, ?.Eoi??yiiaa,
I.Iaaiea?aee, A.*aaaiaiea, A.*aeiai, A.Oaa/aiea oa ?i., iaoa??aee
ienueiaiieoeueeeo cai??a ? c’?cae?a, ca??ieee e?oa?aoo?ii? e?eoeee,
iaeyaee e i?aoe? c ?noi??? oe?a?inueei? e?oa?aoo?e XX noie?ooy.

Iaoiaeieia?/ii-oai?aoe/io iniiao aeena?oaoe?? noaiiaeoue ianaiia?aae
i?eioeei ?noi?ecio. Aeo?aei? iieiaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaathoue o
oiio, ui aea/aiiy aoaeue-yeiai ienoaoeueeiai yaeua, iniaeeai –
oai?/ino? ienueiaiieea a eiioaeno? e?oa?aoo?iiai i?ioeano iiaeiii
cae?enithaaoeny c o?aooaaiiyi eiie?aoieo noni?eueieo oiia i?e ?noi?e/ii
ci?ithaaiiio ?icoi?ii? niaoeeo?ee ? ooieoe?iioaaiiy ooaeiaeiuei?
e?oa?aoo?e. O i?ioean? ?iaioe a?aeenue aei oaaae iaoeia? ?ic?iaee
?noi?ee?a ? oai?aoee?a e?oa?aoo?e I.Aaoo?ia, A.A?thoiaaoeueeiai,
?.Aecaaa??ia, ?.Coaa, I.?eueieoeueeiai, A.Eei/aea, I.Eiaeaea,
A.Einy/aiea, N.E?eaeai?anueeiai, A.Ii?aioey, I.Ia?iea, ?.I??nianueeiai,
A.Oea/aiea, E.O?ieiai? oa ?i.

Iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy. O aeena?oaoe?? canoiniaaii
ae?aeaeoeei-aaiethoe?eiee, nenoaiii-ooieoe?iiaeueiee ? o?iiieia?/iee
i?aeoiaee aei aea/aiiy e?oa?aoo?ieo yaeu, aeei?enoiaoaaeeny
ii??aiyeueii-oeiieia?/iee oa a?ia?ao?/iee iaoiaee.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?iaioe iieyaa? a oiio, ui aaoi?ii oia?oa c?a?aii,
nenoaiaoeciaaii oa i?iaiae?ciaaii aeioaia??oi?e oai?/ee aei?iaie Iao?a
?aa?a. Oai?/?noue ienueiaiieea ?icaeyaea?oueny ?c no/anieo iiceoe?e o
e?oa?aoo?iiio eiioaeno? eiai /ano oa o ca’yceo c o?aaeeoe?yie eeane/ii?
e?oa?aoo?e e oieueeei?o, ui aeaei ciiao ae?acii ie?aneeoe
i?ea?iaeuei?noue oai?/i? ?iaeea?aeoaeueiino? ieooey, aecia/eoe eiai
i?noea ? cia/aiiy a ?icaeoeo oe?a?inueei? e?oa?aoo?e. O ?iaio?
eiiieaenii aeine?aeaeai? e??eea, aoii? ? naoe?a, i?ica, ae?aiaoo?a?y,
oai?e aeey ae?oae, ioae?oeenoe/i?, e?oa?aoo?ii-e?a?ciaa/? oa
e?oa?aoo?ii-e?eoe/i? ioae?eaoe?? I.?aa?a. O aeena?oaoe?? nenoaiaoeciaaii
a?aeiia?aeiee e?oa?aoo?ii-e?eoe/iee iaoa??ae, i?iaiae?ciaaii ioe?iee
ooaeiaeiueiai iaaooeo ienueiaiieea.

Oai?aoe/ia oe?ii?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aiae?c oai?/ino? I.?aa?a
noaiiaeoue iaaiee aianie o aea/aiiy aen?ieia?/ieo aniaeo?a e?oa?aoo?iiai
i?ioeano, aea? oyaeaiiy i?i ?iaiaioi? iniaeeaino? eiai ?icaeoeo.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa? a oiio, ui aiie
iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? i?e aeeeaaeaii? iaaieo oai aoc?anueeeo eo?n?a
?noi??? oe?a?inueei? e?oa?aoo?e, niaoeeo?n?a ? niaoenai?ia??a, i?e
iaienaii? eo?niaeo ? aeeieiiieo ?ia?o ia o?eieia?/ieo oaeoeueoaoao
oi?aa?neoao?a, iaae?inoeooo?a, a oaeiae o oe?euei?e i?aeoeoe? ia o?ieao
e?oa?aoo?e ??aeiiai e?ath, cie?aia, Caii??aeaey ? iaeano?, aea
ia?iaeeany ? i?aoeth? iiao I.?aa?i. Iaoeia? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy
iiaeooue neeanoe e iniiao e?oa?aoo?iiai ii?o?aoa ienueiaiieea.

Ai?iaaoe?y aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aeena?oaoe?y ie?aieie ?icae?eaie ? a iiaiiio
ianyc? iaaiai?thaaeany ia can?aeaiiyo eaoaae?e oe?a?inueei? e?oa?aoo?e
Caii??cueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy ? aeniiaee
aeena?oaoe?? ciaeoee a?aeaeooy a aeiiia?aeyo “Eicaoeueea oaiaoeea o
e??eoe? I.?aa?a (ia iaoa??ae? ca??ee “Cicoeei oea?o”)” ia
?anioae?eainuee?e iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? “Caii?iaeaey a ?noi??? oa
eoeueoo??” (Caii??aeaey,1991), “Caii?icueea eicaoeoai o oai?/ino?
I.?aa?a” ia i?aeia?iaei?e iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? “Caii?icueea eicaoeoai a
iai’yoeao ? eoeueoo??” (Caii??aeaey,1997), “Caii?icueea eicaoeoai a
aoii?enoeoe? I.?aa?a” (ia iaoa??ae? ca??ie “Eicaoeuee? aea?oe”) ia
i?aeia?iaei?e iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? “E?oa?aoo?a e ?noi??y”
(Caii??aeaey,1998), “Aa?i?ea a?eie o i?ic? ? ae?aiaoo?a?? I.?aa?a” ia
i?aeia?iaei?e iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? “E?oa?aoo?a e ?noi??y”
(Caii??aeaey,1996), ia ui??/ieo iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?yo Caii??cueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo (1996, 1997, 1998, 1999). Iaoa??aee ? aeniiaee
aeena?oaoe?? ai?iaiaai? ia caiyooyo c? niaoeeo?no ? niaoenai?ia?o “Oeyoe
?icaeoeo oe?a?inueei? e?oa?aoo?e ia Caii??aeae?” o Caii??cueeiio
aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao?.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a iieyaa?:

1. O aeine?aeaeaii? aeoie?a e?oa?aoo?ii-anoaoe/ieo iiceoe?e I.?aa?a c
iiaeyaeo nueiaiaeaiiy.

2. O c’ynoaaii? aieeao oe?a?inueeiai oieueeei?o ia oai?/?noue I.?aa?a,
cie?aia ia aoii? ? naoe?o.

3. O cae?eniaii? nenoaiiiai aiae?co aeai?iaiai oa oaiaoe/iiai ?icia?ooy
oai??a I.?aa?a, o aeyaeaii? ?o aeinyaiaiue ? iaaeie?e?a.

4. O c’ynoaaii? iniaeeainoae ooaeiaeiuei? iaia?e I.?aa?a a ia?ic?eaiiio
ca’yceo c e?oa?aoo?iei i?ioeanii, a oaeiae noni?eueii-iie?oe/iei
aeeooyi.

5. A ioe?ioe? aianeo I.?aa?a o ?icaeoie e?oa?aoo?iiai e?a?ciaanoaa
(na??y eiea “Oe?a?inueea Iaeea”) ? aiae?c? e?oa?aoo?ii-e?eoe/ieo oa
?ioeo ioae?eaoe?e ienueiaiieea, ye? iaaiith i??ith aena?oeththoue
?noi??th ?icaeoeo oe?a?inueei? e?oa?aoo?e ia Caii??aeae? ? a Oe?a?i? a
oe?eiio.

6. O aena?oeaii? ca’yce?a I.?aa?a c eiai ianoaaieeaie ? a/eoaeyie,
eieaaaie ii ia?o – iiia?aaeieeaie ? no/anieeaie, o aecia/aii? ?o
aca?iiaieea?a.

7. O aecia/aii? i?noey aeioaia??oiueiai aei?iaeo Iao?a ?aa?a a
e?oa?aoo?iiio i?ioean? ae?oai? iieiaeie XX no.

Ioae?eaoe??. Iniiaiee ci?no ?iaioe a?aeia?aaeaiee o ainueie
ioae?eaoe?yo, c ieo 6 – o i?ia?aeieo oaoiaeo iaoeiaeo aeaeaiiyo.

No?oeoo?a oa ianya aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?eia aeine?aeaeaiiy
neeaaea?oueny c? anooio, o?ueio ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a ? nieneo
aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae. Ianya ?iaioe – 196 noi??iie, c ieo 175 noi??iie
iniiaiiai oaenoo; a?ae?ia?ao?y aeeth/a? 341 iaeiaioaaiiy ? iiaeaia ia
aeaaaeoeyoue iaei?e noi??ioe?.

iniiaiee ci?no aeena?oaoe??

O “Anooi?” iaa?oioiaaii aeioe?euei?noue aeai?o oaie, ie?aneaii ??
aeooaeuei?noue, iaoeiao iiaecio ? i?aeoe/io oe?ii?noue, aecia/aii iaoo ?
caaaeaiiy, i?aaeiao, aeaea?aeueio aaco aeine?aeaeaiiy, eiai
iaoiaeieia?/io iniiao ? iaoiaeeeo. Iiaeaii ?ioi?iaoe?th i?i iniaenoee
aianie caeiaoaa/a, ai?iaaoe?th oa ioae?eaoe?? ?acoeueoao?a
aeine?aeaeaiue.

O ia?oiio ?icae?e? – “No?oeoo?ii-ooaeiaei? iniaeeaino? iiac??” yeee
ia’?aeio? o?e i?ae?icae?ee – “E??e/i? oa ai?/i? oai?e”, “A??o? aeey
ae?oae”, “Ae?aiaoe/i? iiaie”, ?icaeyaea?oueny iiaoe/ia oai?/?noue
I.?aa?a o o?niiio ca’yceo ?c noni?eueiei aeeooyi, aecia/a?oueny eiai
aieea ia iiaeeea?noue ?aae?caoe?? oai?/i? iniaenoino? a eiie?aoieo
noni?eueii-iie?oe/ieo oiiaao, i?inoaaeo?oueny aaiethoe?y na?oiaeyaeo
ieooey. A?i aeeoia c aeeaeie caii?icueeiai eicaoeueeiai e?ath, eiai
ei??iue o iueiio, ? oiio a eiai oai?/ino? niinoa??aa?oueny iino?eiee
ca’ycie iiaoa ?c caieath i?aae?ae?a, ae?ae?a, aaouee?a. O noaiiaeaii?
I.?aa?a ye iniaenoino? ?, i?ci?oa, ye ieooey aecia/aeueio ?ieue
a?ae?a?aee aaaao? oieueeei?i? o?aaeeoe??, ia?yaeiaa iiac?y, i?naiia
oai?/?noue e?ath, ia?aeace ? eaaaiaee, naoe?e/i? ? aea?o?aeea? eacee,
aiaeaeioe ? /ano?aee, i?eeacee ? i?ene?a’y – iaa’yio/? ia?eeie
eicaoeueeiai oieueeei?o Caii?iaeaey.

Ia ienueiaiieoeuee?e iea? ieoaoeue i?aoeth? aaea aeecueei i?anoie?ooy.
Eiai iiaoe/iee aei?iaie, ui ii/eia?oueny ca??eith e??eee “Cani?a”(1955),
i?ney yei? na?o iiaa/eee “A?oa? c Aei?i?a”(1957), “?iaee/?
niioey”(1961), “Ethaeyi?noue”(1965), “Caii??cueea aanaeea”(1967),
“E?eoey”(1975), “Eenoe aei caieye?a” (1976), “Iia?aoeinoai” (1979),
“Ae?oaeaia?aae” (1985), “Aea?aia”(1982), “Cicoeei oea?o”(1989) oa ?i.,
aeine?aeaeo?oueny ia oii? ?icaeoeo oe?a?inueei? iiac?? 50-90-o ?ie?a OO
noie?ooy, yne?aaeie i?aaenoaaieeaie yei? aoee Ae.Iaaee/ei, E.Einoaiei,
A.Neiiiaiei, ?.Ae?a/, I.A?ia?aiianueeee, A.Ie?eiee, A.Eieii??oeue, a
oaeiae I.A?aoai, A.A?ia/aiei, A.Ei?ae, I.Eeeiaiei, N.No?eaeaithe,
A.Ae?aeaiei, Iao.Eauoe, I.Iaaiea?aea oa ?i.

?iaeea?aeoaeueia oai?/a iaia?a iiaoa – oea ianaiia?aae eiai ai?iiy
iae?aoe naia naith i?iaeaiaoeeo, oaiaoeeo, nai? aeai?e, oie aiioe?eiee
oaiii?eoi, o? ia?ace, o? o?iie, oo eaeneeo, a yeeo ii-ni?aaaeiueiio
ooaeiaeiuei ?aae?cothoueny eiai aeooiai? ?aeaaee. Aeii?ioth/? ?ene
iiaoeee I.?aa?a – oea aca?iii?iieeiaiiy ioae?oeenoe/iino? oa e??e/iino?,
o?einio?/iino? oa ai?/iino?, nai???aeia aeeooc?y iniiaieo ia/ae e??eee,
iaoini?noue aeneiaeaiiy nai?o aeoiie, aiioe?eia caaeeaeai?noue oa
?ioaeaeooaeuei?noue, ia?aciee iie?oii?ci, eieuei?enoeea neiaaniiai
aeeaiieno. Oe? ?ene iniaeeaith i??ith oa?aeoa?i? aeey iiac?e,
iaienaieo o 80-90-o ?ieao.

O e??e/ieo oai?ao I.?aa?a i?inoaaeo?oueny aca?iiae?y ciai?oi?o
aeai?ioai?/eo /eiiee?a – oaeeo, ye aeeoo?aee iaoa??ae, ooaeiaeiuei
o?ainoi?iiaaiee iiaoii, ooaeiaei?e iai?yi, oieueeei?i? e e?oa?aoo?i?
o?aaeeoe?? ? iiaaoi?noai, – c aioo??oi?ie oaeoi?aie: aeai?ii oaie ?
nenoaie ia?ac?a, i?iaeoioaaiiyi eiiiiceoe?? ? nthaeaoo, caniaaie
iiaoe/ii? iiae – o?iiaie, ooaeiaeiueith oii?eith, o?ao?aie iiaoe/iiai
neioaeneno, ?eoiiiaeiaeeeith, aiioe?eiei oaiii?eoiii, ye? aieeaathoue ia
aeai?iai-noeeueia? iniaeeaino? eiaeiiai oai?o.

Eiaeai ia??iae oai?/ino? I.?aa?a ae??ciy?oueny ooaeiaei?ie e?eoa??yie ?
i?eioeeiaie, a?ae/oooyi /ano ? i?inoi?o, aeooiaieie iieeeeaie,
noeeueiaeie iciaeaie, nieneiaeie ?ioiiaoe?yie. Oai?/ee aiein iiaoa
aaiethoe?iio? i?ae aieeaii iiaeo, aeueo nooiai?a naiaiaee,
caaa?aethth/enue oi a?iiaaeyinueeeie, oi o?einionueeeie, oi aoe/ieie, oi
?ioeiieie iioeaaie, c /anii o?ainoi?ioaaaoenue, iaaoaoe
iaoe?iiaeueii-iao??ioe/iiai cao/aiiy. Inieneaiiy aoooy, ia?acia oyaa o
oai?ao I.?aa?a ? ae?acii iniaeno?nieie. Iacaeaaeii a?ae oaiaoeee, e??cue
i?ecio aeoo? aa?i?a, a?i ?icaeyaea? neeaaeia? eiiieaeno aecenoaioe?eieo
i?iaeai: aeia?i ? cei, aeeooy ? nia?oue, iai’youe ? nain aoooy, /anoue ?
neaaa, uanoy ? naiaiaea, iaia’ycie ? noie?iiy, ethaenuee? aca?ieie a
aeno?aiaeueieo neooaoe?yo. Ca?aene ? ?icia?ooy oaiaoe/ieo ia???a aaoi?a.
Oea – aaouee?aueia “aaeeea” ? “iaea”, iai’youe ye iaiao?aeia iniiaa
ii?aeueii-o?einionueeiai noaio ia?iaeo, /anoue, nia?noue, neaaa, uanoy,
?ieue ? i?ecia/aiiy iiaoa, aa?i?ea ai?iieo iiae?e oa anoaoeea i?aoe?,
ieioea, nueiaiaei?oi? ? iaeaooi? a aaaaonoa? ?o aeya?a. Iii?oi? iiooee
e??e/iiai ?ooo e aeeiai?ee, i?aaiaiiy ci?ie ?ioiiaoe?eiiai eaaeo oai??a
– a?ae i?aeianaiiai aei ?icaeoieeaiai. O a?eueoino? oai??a iaecaaeii?
e??eee i?iaeyaea?oueny iaioa?noe/ia iaeooioai?aiiy i?e?iaee /a?ac
aaciina?aaei? niinoa?aaeaiiy, /a?ac nai???aeia ceeooy (a ia ii??aiyiiy
/e c?noaaeaiiy) noaio aeoo? ethaeeie oa noaio aeiae?eey, /ooo?aa
ithainoaaiiy, ?icia?o?noue aa?a.

AEai?iai-oaiaoe/iee aiae?c oai??a iieaco? neeaaei?noue oi?ioaaiiy ?
?icaeoeo na?oiaeyaeo, neie?aoecio ooaeiaeiueiai ieneaiiy I.?aa?a,
aaaaoianiaeoiino? no?oeoo?ii? nenoaie oai??a – a?ae ia?oi? ca??ee e??eee
“Cani?a” ? aei o?iiieia?/ii inoaii?o “Cicoeei oea?o” oa “Ino??a Aaeaee”,
ye? ? eoeuei?iaoe?eiei iiiaioii o eiai aeooiaii-ienoaoeuee?e aaiethoe??.

E??e/iiio aa?ith aei aieth aei?ia? ?aeaaee ethaenoaa, iaoi? caie?,
caiia?oe “?iaeo ? ia?iaeo”. A?i i?aai?/ii ii?aeio? iaoeiai-aoiai?noe/i?
ciaiiy ? aeooaaio aeioe/i?noue aei ?aaeiu?a oa o?eaia na?oo. ?
a?aee?eaa? iai caiao oe?aa, oe?io noae? e iaaie?ou?noue ethaenueeiai
aoooy. A?i aeecueeee aei naiiai I.?aa?a, ao?eth? aeoiee, inyyiiy,
ia?aaeeaaiiy, a?aee?eoa ae?aaeaiiy iiceoe?? aaoi?a. Iiao iino?eii ooea?
nooiino? ?iaeea?aeoaeueiiai noeeth. I?iaeaia oai?/eo iiooe?a o?nii
iia’ycaia c? caaaa/aiiyi aeeoo?aeo niinoa?aaeaiue ? aeoiie, caaino?aiiyi
oaaae aei aeooiaiiai, ii?aeueiiai na?oo ethaeeie, aaeoieeaei aaoi?nueeei
ineoieia?ciii. O iiac?? I.?aa?a i?aai?/ii ii?aeiothoueny e??e/iee oa
ai?/iee no?oiai?, ye? iicia/ai? iiooaeiei aieeaii ioae?oeenoe/iino?.

I.?aa?i i?aaia aei yne?aai? ia?aciino? i?e ciaethaaii? anoaoeee i?aoe?,
ethaeeie-o?oae?aieea. O oai?ao, ui aoiaeyoue aei ca??ie “A?oa? c
Aei?i?a”, “Ethaeyi?noue”, “Caii??cueea aanaeea”, iiao, iai?eeeaae,
?iiaioeco? noaeaaa??iiy, iaceaath/e eiai “e?eoeaoea?oii”, a aeey
aiioe?eii-aeni?aneaii? ioe?iee eiai oai?oe?a ciaoiaeeoue oae? yne?aa?
ai?oaoe-iiaioai?e aei aaaioeaa “noaeaaa?e”, ye “iaiaiieeiiieee”,
“e?eoeaoai?oe?”, “i?eai?eoaa/? e?eoeue oa aeeneaaeoeue”, “a?iiiaa?aeoe?
aei?i?ianueeiai e?ath”, “aiaiy??”, “?iaee/? niioey”, “/aeeoie” oa ?i.
I?noi noaeaaa??a (ia?oueny ia oaac? Caii??aeaey) ia?a/aii
“E?eoeaa?aaeii”. Eiaeai ?c oeeo ae?ac?a aeiaea? a??oo aenieiai, o?i/enoi
i?aeianaiiai cao/aiiy, ie?aneth? noaaeaiiy aaoi?a aei cia?aaeoaaiiai.
Oi/a ?ieiee ooo niinoa??aa?oueny ? ia?aiane/aiiy iiaioai?aie.

Aeey noai?aiiy yne?aaeo ia?ac?a nai?o caieye?a I.?aa?i caeo/a? caniae
oii?ee. Aeey i?eeeaaeo ?icaeyiooi oaeo no?ioo, a ye?e ciaoiaeeii
ae?oa?aoe?th:

Noaeaaa?e ii?, a?iiiaa?aeoe? aei?i?ianueeiai e?ath,

*ey e?eoey aiaeeoueny ia e?eea i?eeaeaoiueiio aeith.

I.?aa?i. “Aea?aia”, n.44

Neiaa ?c caoeii -?- aeae?eythoueny c-iii?ae ?ioeo, aeiiiiaaath/e c
a?eueoith neeith oa aeni?aneai?noth ae?aceoe aeoieo. Ooo iayai?
ae?oa?aoe?? o aeaeyae? iiaoi?aiiy oeiey/eo oa naenoy/eo caoe?a –
-n-/u[o/]o-/-c-, ?ioiiaoe?eia aeae?eaiiy ne?a ?c oeeie caoeaie, ui
iaaea? ?i aiioe?eiiai iai?oaeaiiy, i?aee?aneth? ?o cia/ou?noue. Caniae
caoeiieno iiao aeei?enoiao? ? aeey noai?aiiy caoeiaeo ia?ac?a.
Iai?eeeaae:

Ia/a aaeaoaiue e?anaeii

Oaea?y? a /oaei-e?ai?iue.

*e e?iiioa i/eoueny /aaeii –

? ao?ea? c i?noa oai?iue.

I.?aa?i. “Caii??cueea aanaeea”, n.82

Caoeiaee ?yae ia?oeo aeaio ?yaee?a -e?-?-e?-, yeee i?aeneeth?oueny ua e
caoeiaith ia?ith -oaea-, -oaei-, caaacia/o? noai?aiiy neooiaiai ia?aco.

Ia?oa ae?oa?aoe?y iiaoaeiaaia ia eiio?ano? niii?ieo ? aeca?ieeo caoe?a
oa caoeiniieo/aiue (e??i -e-), a ae?oaa -/-/-/- oa -o-o-o- – aeooeo.
sseui ae?oa?aoe?y -e?-?-e?- noai?th? caoeiiane?aeoaaiiy, aeecueea aei
??ceeo oaea??a, oi iiaoi? aeooeo, iaaiaee, – iiiioiiiee ooi. Oe? caoee
??cii? yeino? ? neoaeaoue aeey aa?iii?eiiai caaa?aeaiiy caoeiaiai
ia?aco.

*anoi I.?aa?i aaea?oueny aei i?yiiai iieno iiae?e, i?e oeueiio iaioa
caa?oath/enue aei cania?a ia?aciino?. Ioae?oeenoe/i?noue eiai oai??a –
oea ia i?inoi aeaieia /ano oa ?aeaieia??, aea e iniaeea?noue eiai
oai?/i? iaia?e, yea iaaea? ?e i?ea?iaeueiino? e naiiaooiino?.

Iai’youe i?i Aaeeeo A?o/eciyio a?eio i?eioooaaea iiao?a ?.A?aooiy,
A.A?ia/aiea, I.A?ia?aiianueeiai, A.Caaaooainueeiai, E.Ai?ea/a, A.Ei?aea,
I.?aa?a ?ac o ?ac iiaa?oaoeny aei oe??? oaie. Oeeeee “Oaeeeia iia/aiiy”
/ca.”Eenoe aei caieye?a”/ ? “I?ae no?iith nia?o?” /ca.”Cicoeei oea?o”/
ciaoiaeyoueny iaeei a?ae iaeiiai ia a?aenoai? 13 ?ie?a. O iiaoe/i?e
oeaiei? oeeo oai??a ia?aaaaeathoue i?yi? ae?aaeaeuei? caniae, ine?eueee
nai? a??o? a?eueoith i??ith ioae?oeenoe/i? oa ai?/i?, ai?ae e??e/i?.
I.?aa?i i?aaia aei na?aei?, oi/ii? iaoaoi?e, ii??aiyiiy, ai?oaoa, ye?
ni?eythoue oae?aciaiith cia?aaeoaaiiai yaeua /e i?aaeiaoa. I?aeneeaiiy
cao/aiue i?aaeiaoiiai /c?eiiai/ ia?aco aeinyaa?oueny ca ?aooiie
iaa?iiaaeaeaiiy a iaei?e no?io? oe?ei? iecee ai?oao?a. Iai?oaeaiith
ineoio?ce/iiai noaio /eoa/a, iaai?oaiith ia?aaeeaaiue e??e/iiai aa?iy
ni?ey? aaeeaaiiy iaoaoi? o ii?aeiaii? c a?ia?aieith aai ii??aiyiiyi:

Oey aeoiea ?ac o ?ac, iia oao?eue oi/eoue,

Ca ui ae oiae? caaeioee aiie,

sseui caiey ? aein? e?iaioi/eoue?

I.?aa?i. “Cicoeei oea?o”, n.44

Ua a?eueoiai aeni?aneaiiai aoaeoo aeinyaa? aaoi?, eiee a?ia?aiea noi?oue
ia ii/aoeo a??oa:

Oeae Aaa?ano ?c e?n…A?i iio?yna:

Oaoenoe anth ?a?iio iaea?iaee..?

I.?aa?i. “Cicoeei oea?o”, n.44

E??i iacaaieo cania?a ooaeiaeiuei? iiae, aaaeeeao ?ieue a?ae?a?a? oae
caaiee “aiioe?eiee oaiii?eoi” (E.O?ieiaa) – ii?aeiaiiy oaiio, ?eoio ?
aiioe?eiiai ?o caaa?aeaiiy, yea iinoa? c ?ioiiaoe??, c ia?ac?a ?,
ia?aoo?, ?c oaiio oa ?eoio. Iai?eeeaae, o a??o? “Ooo any caiey…”
noaeeueiaaii-i?enei?aiee, aeayeith i??ith, neacaoe a, ai?aiee oaiii?eoi
ia?aaea? o?aaaae?th ethaenoaa:

Ooo any caiey e?e/eoue, iaia/a ?aia,

? eoeaee cae?eia? a iaaana,

Ciee o aeoo? oi aania, oi ne?ana,

?icia/eeaee, iia ioceea i?aaiia.

I.?aa?i. “Cicoeei oea?o”, n.44

Eiaeia ea?oeia – iiaa ?eoi?/ia iaeeieoey a aiioe?eiiio oaiii?eoi?. A
aeae? ia?ao?ae a?ae ae?aiaoe/iiai ni?eeiaiiy ae?eniino? aei iao?aiiy,
ai?ao:

Oiai ae, ooi a?eiai ?ic/eua? iooue,

?ua ia ?ac ia?iaee i?eaaaeooue

Noaeeoue aei oeueiai e?aoa?a i?ieeyooy.

I.?aa?i. “Cicoeei oea?o”, n.44

Any no?oeoo?a ia?acii-nieneiaeo ? oaiii?eoi?/ieo i?ioeeaaeiinoae
ii?aeio?oueny ni?eueiei aiioe?eiei caaa?aeaiiyi – ae?aiaoecio ?
o?aa?/iino?. Aiioe?eiee oaiii?eoi – iaeia c iciae ?iaeea?aeoaeueiiai
noeeth e??eee iiaoa – caeaaeeoue a?ae iano?ith ? iiaea o?ainoi?ioaaoenue
o iaaeao iaeiiai oai?o: noaeeueiaaii-i?enei?aiee o
niie?eii-?icaaaeeeaee.

Aa?oi a?aecia/eoe, ui o ca??oe? “Cicoeei oea?o”, aei yei? iaeaaeeoue ?
?icaeyiooee oeeee “I?ic??iiy”, a?ae/oaa?oueny aeua iaenoa?i?noue iiaoa o
aieiae?ii? neiaii, oaea iaeaea ia cono??/athoueny o? eaene/i?
iaaei?a/iino?, ye? o?aieyeenue ?ai?oa. Ineoieia?ci aeinyaa?oueny ua ?
caaaeyee oiio, ui aaoi?o aeecueea oa, i?i ui a?i ieoa. An? i?iaeaie a?i
i?iionea? /a?ac nai? na?oia?ae/oooy, iieaco? iniaenoa ni?eeiaiiy
cia?aaeoaaiiai. Oeae oeeee aeeoa? aeeooyi, ? ae?enii a?ae/oaa?oueny
“i?ic??iiy” – eoeuei?iaoe?eiee iiiaio a aaiethoe?? na?oiaeyaeo I.?aa?a.

?aiiy oai?/?noue I.?aa?a aoea iicia/aia aeayeith ooaeiaeiueith
aoi?eii?noth, iaoaaaei?noth aei aeei?enoaiiai neiaa /e noai?aiiai
ia?aco, iaaeiaeyaeaie /e iaaei?a/iinoyie, eiee i?e nioe?aeuei?e
cia/ouino? oaie ? iaoin? cieaeoaaeany ooaeiaeiuei-anoaoe/ia aa?o?noue
iiac??. Aea a ?acoeueoao? iaaooiai aeina?aeo c aeoiaeii eiaeii? ca??ee
i?inoaaeo?oueny a?eueo aeaaaeaia noaaeaiiy aei aeiai?o eaeneee,
aa?iii?ei?oa aie?oathoueny o iiaoe/io oeaieio caniae ooaeiaeiuei? oii?ee
oa o?ao?e iiaoe/iiai neioaeneno.

I.?aa?i ni?eeai iia?o? neiaieeiaeie nea?aaie oe?a?inueei? iiae,
noai?thth/e i?e oeueiio iaieia?cie aai oae? niieo/aiiy ne?a, ye? yne?aai
aeae?eythoueny c-iii?ae ?ioeo ? ni?eythoue oae?aciaiith noeeth ?
iiaoe/ii? aeaoae? cie?aia. Uia ?aae?coaaoe oai?/ee caaeoi, noai?eoe
aoiinoa?o iaaiiai /ano ? iniaeeaee eiei?eo, cie?aia, o oai?ao ?noi?e/ii?
oaiaoeee, ieoaoeue canoiniao? a?oa?cie oa ?noi?ecie, i?ioan?iiae?cie,
aea?aii?cie, oa?i?iieia?/io oa noni?eueii-iie?oe/io eaeneeo, ye?
iaaeathoue ooaeiaei?e iaia?? I.?aa?a a?ae/oooy i?aaaee, ?noeiiino?.
Uiaei a??oiaoaeiae o e??eoe? I.?aa?i i?yio? a o?aaeeoe?eiiio iai?yieo,
ye ? a?eueo?noue iiao?a eiai iieie?iiy, nie?ath/enue ia caeiaooee nai?o
iiia?aaeiee?a.

Ioaea, caaeeaeaiiy o iiaoeeo e??eee I.?aa?a iieaco?, ui aeyaii eiai
iaenoa?iino? ? aa?iii?eia aie?oaiiy o no?oeoo?o eiie?aoiiai oai?o
o?ii?a, o?ao? iiaoe/iiai neioaeneno, eaene/ieo cania?a, ui caeaaeeoue
a?ae ia?aii? oaie, cia?aaeoaaiiai i?aaeiaoa /e yaeua. Aiae?coth/e eiai
iiaoeeo, iiaeia iii?oeoe, ui /ei aeeao? ia?aaeeaaiiy aaoi?a /e e??e/iiai
aa?iy, /ei aeeae/a eiio oa, i?i ui a?i ieoa, oei a?eueoa iaa?iiaaeaeaiiy
ia?acioai?/eo cania?a, iniaeeai o?ao? iiaoe/iiai neioaeneno, aeey
oae?aciaiiy, i?aee?aneaiiy cia?aaeoaaiiai. Aeey noai?aiiy aa?iii?eiiai,
yne?aai aeienaiiai ia?aco iiao ai?aaii ei?enoo?oueny ia o?eueee
caniaaie, ui i?aeneeththoue eiai ?aaeuei?noue /e c?ei?noue, a e
i?eeiiaie caoeiieno, ye? ni?eythoue noai?aiith caoeiaiai ia?aco,
oae?aciththoue eiai, iaaeathoue iaaiiai cao/aiiy. Ooo I.?aa?i o
iino?eiiio iiooeo, a?i i?aaia na?aeiai neiaa, aiaaiaii iiaiiao?
aeni?aneaieie oa aaoii?/ieie nea?aaie, ye ? A.Eieii??oeue, E.Oaeaeae,
A.Aaceeaanueeee, I.Canaiei, E.Nee?aea oa ?i.

Oai?/ee aei?iaie I.?aa?a aeey ae?oae ia oaeee inyaeiee, aea oeyo eiai o
aeeoy/?e iiac?? – aeineoue i?iaeoeoeaiee. Oea aeooae?caoe?y
caaaeueiiethaenueeeo oe?iiinoae, c?oeiaiiy nee aeia?a ? cea, ethaia? e
iaiaaeno?, ca’ycie aeeoeie e i?e?iaee, ia?aieaoaiiy oaioanoeee c
ae?eni?noth, iiaei?iae o na?o neiaa, ?ice?eooy eiai ia?a?niiai ci?noo e
a?/ii? e?ane. Oaiaoe/ii iiac?y I.?aa?a aeey ae?oae a?aaea? nai?i
?icia?ooyi, o i?e iiaeoueny i?i ?a/? ieoii?, nooo?a?, aa?o?ni?,
eiie?aoii iia’ycai? c ?aae?yie aeeooy, ui ? iniaeeai aaaeeeaei aeey
no/anii? aeeoeie. Eiai a??o? na?ae/aoue i?i iayai?noue a ieo ni?aaae?
iiooaeieo o?aaeeoe?e (oieueeei?, eeane/ia e?oa?aoo?a), ia yeeo
aacothoueny iiaa ye?noue, iia? oai?e. Iniaeeai aa?o?niei o iaaooeo
I.?aa?a aeey ae?oae, ye ? o I.Ai?iiueea, Ae.A?eiona, O.Eieii??oeue,
A.I’ynoe?anueeiai, A.*oaa/, ? ?icia?ooy aeaaaeie, oi?iiy aeio?aeeeai
aiai?eoe c iaetheaie i?i na?eicia, i?aaiaiiy a?aeaa?oi aai oeyoii
iaoaoi?ecaoe?? i?ioenoiyoe caaaeuei?e oaiaeaioe?? aei i?eai?/aiiy
iniaenoino?, i?aaethaaiiy ethaenueeiai a ethaeei?.

Iaea?eueo yne?aa? c eiai a??o?a oa?eoee aei oe?eueieo i?ae?o/iee?a oa
ca??iee?a aeey iicaeeaniiai /eoaiiy. Aa?oi caoaaaeeoe, ui neiae?ii
“ini?aai?cio”, cae??aiaiiy i?iaeai, i?eoaiaii? e?oa?aoo?iiio i?ioeano
ae?oai? iieiaeie XX noie?ooy, iicia/eeeny ? ia oai?ao I.?aa?a aeey
ae?oae. I?iaaaeaiee aiae?c oai?/iai iaaooeo I.?aa?a aeey thiiai /eoa/a
(a oea aeecueei 20 ca??ie) cana?ae/o?, ui a?i a?aeii oa?eoia o oeth
aaeocue e?oa?aoo?e.

Iiaeyae ia ae?aiaoe/i? iiaie I.?aa?a c /aniai? a?aenoai?, ?c
canoinoaaiiyi i?iaeaiii-aiae?oe/iiai e ?ioa?i?aoaoe?eiiai ni?yioaaiue
aeine?aeaeaiiy aeaa ciiao ii-no/aniiio i?i/eoaoe ?o ? inieneeoe
iiaoaeiaaio ieooeai eiioeaioe?th ethaeeie, ?? ineoieia??, ?icaeoeo
ii/ooo?a ? iiaaae?iee a aeno?aiaeueieo oiiaao. O ae?aiaoe/i?e iiai?
”Caa?aaa iaae Oi?oeoeath” ienueiaiiee ii?ooo? i?iaeaio i?aena?aeiiiai
iao??ioecio, i?e oeueiio iiaaae?iea aa?i?a nthaeaoii iioeao?oueny,
i?aai?/ii aeieea? c ?o ae?e ? ia?aaoaa? a ?aeiino? c ?icaeoeii oaaoee. O
aeena?oaoe?? c’yniao?oueny, ui ca iniiao nthaeaoo cacia/aieo oai??a
ieoaoeue aa?a aeiyoeia? aeieoiaioaeuei? neooaoe?? ? a/eiee, aeeeeeai?
c?oeiaiiyi oa?aeoa?ieo ii?aeueii-ineoieia?/ieo /e nioe?aeueieo
noia?a/iinoae, ui aa?i? eiai iiai aieath aeie? anooiathoue o aino?o
nooe/eo c ia’?eoeaieie ianoaaeiaie, c ae?yie ?ioeo ethaeae.

Iniiaiei ci?noiaei eiiiiiaioii oeeo oai??a ? o?iiioii – ca’ycie /aniaeo
? i?inoi?iaeo a?aeiioaiue. Aeno?aiaeuei? iiae?? ni?eeiathoueny ye
ia?aeiii? ii?aeuei? iiiaioe o /aniaiio iioioe?. *an ? i?ino??
aenooiathoue ye no?eaeiaa? aeaiaioe eiiiiceoe?? caaaeaieo oai??a.

O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? “Aaiethoe?y aoii?o ? naoe?e iiaoa” aena?oeth?oueny
iaeia c iaeaaaeeea?oeo a?aiae oai?/ino? I.?aa?a, /ee oaeaio
aoii?enoa-naoe?eea yne?aai ?ice?eaa?oueny o oeo oai?ao, ye?
aaciina?aaeiuei iia’ycai? c aeeaith ae?eni?noth ? c?inee ia ie?aeiiio
a?oio? oieueeei?ieo o?aaeeoe?e oa eeane/ii? e?oa?aoo?e. I?e aiae?c?
naoe?e/ii-aoii?enoe/ii? iiac?? I.?aa?a aeiaaaeaia ?? noaieini?noue c
iniiaieie oaiaeaioe?yie ?icaeoeo aoii?o ? naoe?e o ae?oa?e iieiaei? XX
noie?ooy: inai?iiy iath ??cieo aeai??a oieueeei?o, a naia aiaeaeioo,
aoaaeueueie, iiia?aeee, i?eo/?, eacee, caaaaeee, aea?o?aeeai? i?ni?,
i?ene?a’y ? i?eeacee. Naia oieueeei? ? aeina?ae eeanee?a noaee oei
i?oeiei i?aea?oioyi, ia yeiio noi?ioaaeeny ni?oiaa eoeueoo?a
oe?a?inueeiai ia?iaeo, naoe?eei-aoii?enoe/ia iiac?y N.Ie?eieea,
N.Aine?aeanaiea, Ae.A?eiona, A.?aaiiae/a, I.Aeaciaiai, A.Eaaiaee,
?.Iaie?iae/a, TH.E?oaeyea, I.Ea?iaiea, I.Oaaaoeia ? naiiai I.?aa?a.

E?auo /anoeio aoii?o ? naoe?e I.?aa?a noaiiaeyoue “Eicaoeuee? aea?oe” o
naie eieaao, i?enay/ai? 500-??//th caii?icueeiai eicaoeoaa, a yeeo c
aeiiiiiaith ?icia?oeo cania?a ia?aaeathoueny ?noi??y iaoiai ia?iaeo,
iiaoo ? cae/a? caii?icueeeo eicae?a, ciaeueiaothoueny ?ene oe?a?inueeiai
iaoe?iiaeueiiai oa?aeoa?o. Eicaoeueeee aoii? I.?aa?a ia? oe?ie?
oaiaoe/i? ia???. Iieaciaei o oeueiio ieai? ? ?icae?e “Ii?io?aieoey” c
ia?oi? eieae aea?o?a. Aaoi? caa?oa?oueny aei ?noi?e/iiai ieioeiai naiai
ia?iaeo ? iaiaaa?oueny a aoii?enoe/i?e oi?i? ia?aaeaoe aoiinoa?o, yea
iaioaaea na?aae eicae?a, ?iciia?aea? i?i aanae? i?eaiaee, oaioanoe/i?
aoaaeueueie. Aa?i? “Eicaoeueeeo aea?o?a” – caeaa?eueoiai i?ino? eicaee ?
naeyie-o?oaea??, a oaeiae eicaoeueea noa?oeia, aea?aeaai? ae?y/?,
aeeieiiaoe. Oai?/?noue I.?aa?a ioiieth? iae??ciiiai?oi?o? iiiaioe c
aeeooy caii?iaeoe?a-n?/iaee?a. O eiai aoii?? ? naoe?? i?eaaaeth? a?eueii
ioeuenoth/a aeiao?aeeea?noue o aeeeaae? aoii?enoe/ieo neooaoe?e,
ciaethaaii? ia?ac?a-ia?niiaae?a. “Eicaoeuee? aea?oe” iiaeia ?icaeyaeaoe
ye nai???aeio ni?iao ?aae?caoe?? aaoi?nueei? eiioeaioe?? aoii?o ?
naoe?e.

Aaaaoi oaaae i?eae?ey? I.?aa?i oai? ??aeii? iiae, eiie?aoi?oa –
noaaeaiith eicae?a aei oe?a?inueei? iiae. Uia iaeoi/i?oa ia?aaeaoe
aiioo, ienueiaiiee aeiae?a? ? a?aeiia?aeio o?e ?noi?e/i?e aeia? eaeneeo,
ye, iai?eeeaae, “nioiee”, “aeaeo?a”, “aono?iai”, “eioiaee”, “eyo”,
“yniiaaeueiiaeiee iai”, “oeyooe/”, “aaoueiai”, “ieiaeoa” oa ?i.
Eicaoeuee? i?eaiaee, ?noi??? ciaeueiaai? caniaaie ia?acii-anoaoe/iiai
ia?aoai?aiiy naiaioeee ne?a, ui caoaeaeo? oyao /eoa/a, aeeeeeath/e
a?aeiia?aei? aiioe??. Aeey iineeaiiy eicaoeueeiai eiei?eoo oa
aiioe?eii-aeni?aneaiiai caaa?aeaiiy I.?aa?i aeei?enoiao? eicaoeuee?
i??caeua, ye-io: Caaea?eoa?no, Aeaaeiooa, Naa?aeaoc, Neaooa, Iaieeieai,
I?eoeeeiaee?oa?no, Oyaie?yaeii, Aieiioiaiei, Eioi?eeaaiioanyceiiy, ye?
aaea nai? niaith aeeeeeathoue iini?oeo.

Ieeueia iei iiaoa-naoe?eea oiiei i?aei?/a? eiio?anoe o iaoiio
nueiaiaeaii?, c eiai eiioe?eoaie, i?ioenoiyiiy, c?oeiaiiy i?ioeeaaeieo
ia/ae o aeeoo?.

Oai?/ee aei?iaie ieooey a aoii?? ? naoe?? i?eaaaeth? ?icia?ooyi
oaiaoeee, aeai??a ? cania?a eii?cio, ??ii??, aea?oo, aeioaio, a?ioaneo,
oa?aeo, ia?iae?thaaiiy. Nai? oai?/? iiooee iiao iaiaaa?oueny ni?yioaaoe
ia o?eueee ia ooaeiaei? inieneaiiy i?iaeai, ui a oie /e ?ioee iiiaio
iaaoaaee aeooaeueiino? o noni?euenoa?, ia o?eueee ia aee?eooy aaae,
inoae iaaa?acae?a, a e ia aoaeoeaia canoinoaaiiy aea?o?aeeai-oni?oeeai?,
??ii?/ii? oa naoe?e/ii? oiiaeueiino?, ia ?icoe?aiiy aeai?iaeo ?aiie
aoii?o, yeee o iueiai iaaoaa? i?ea?iaeueieo ?en, /anii iiey?ieo
iiaeyae?a, aeoiie, aoe/ieo i?eioeei?a. Aaoi? ?iaioe i?eoiaeeoue aei
aeniiaeo, ui nai?ie ceiaiaeaiieie oaeeaoiiaie I.?aa?i i?aeiineoue
e?eoe/iee iaoin naoe?e, a ?? neea i?e oeueiio aeyaey?oueny o
i?aaaeeaino?, ooaeiaei?e eiie?aoiino? e ocaaaeueiaiino?, iiooaeiiio
ca?yae? ni?oo. Ii?oooth/e oeiiai-no/ani? i?iaeaie caaaeueiiethaenueeiai,
o?einionueeiai ci?noo, naoe?a, nai???aeii oieonoth/e nai? a?no?y,
iaea?eueoa i?aoeth? ia ia?niaeoeao, ia iaeaooi?.

?icaeyae aeai?iai-noeeueiaiai a?naiaeo aoii?enoe/ii-naoe?e/ii? iiac??
I.?aa?a iieaco?, ui a ?? iaaooeo ciaoiaeeii ooaeiaeiuei aeineiiae?
c?acee aoii?anie, aaeie, oaeeaoii?a, aiaeaeio?a, aea?o?a, ia?iae?e,
ai?oao?e, ai?a?ai ? iaa?oue naoe?e/ii? iiaie, ye? i?ae ia?ii ieooey
noaaaee ?iaeea?aeoaeueii-caaa?aeaieie, naiiaooi?ie ooaeiaei?ie oai?aie.
Iiaa aoii?o ? naoe?e I.?aa?a aeni?aneaia, ieoaoeue aeoeaii canoiniao?
ia?iaeia i?inoi??//y, oa?i?iieia?th ? o?acaieia?th oeo, eiai a?i
cia?aaeo?, oei naiei aeiiaaath/enue i?aaaeeaiai cia?aaeaiiy nooiino? ?o
ae?yiue.

Caaeeaeaiiy o iiaoeeo oai??a, ye? neeaaeathoue aoii?enoe/ii-naoe?e/iee
aei?iaie I.?aa?a, aeiaiaeeoue, ui a ieo ia?aaaaeathoue i?yi?
cia?aaeaeueii-ae?aaeaeuei? caniae, oi/ ni?aaaei?e ni?o noai?th?oueny
o?eueee oiae?, eiee ieoaoeue iae?a? o? oaie, ye? cia? aeinoaiaiii ? eiee
a iniiao aoii?enoe/iiai oai?o iieeaaeaia ae?enia eii?/ia neooaoe?y, eiee
eiio aaea?oueny aeo/ii ae?a?aoe oi?io ?ica’ycaiiy oiai /e ?ioiai
eiioe?eoo /e i?iaeaie. O aeena?oaoe?? aena?oeth?oueny iaoinia niaoeeo?ea
aoii?o ? naoe?e ? cie?aia, cacia/a?oueny, ui o a?eueoino? oai??a aoii?o
? naoe?e I.?aa?a, ye ? a eiai e??eoe?, ia?aaaaea? ioae?oeenoe/iee
no?oi?iue, oi/ iaa?ae’?iiith ?enith ?o ? ? e??eci.

O aeine?aeaeaii? a?aecia/aii, ui naoe?e/ii-aoii?enoe/iee aei?iaie
I.?aa?a (a oea iiiaae 20 ca??ie) neeaaeathoue oai?e ia o?eueee ??ciiai
nooiaiy ooaeiaeiuei? aa?oino?, aea ? o?, ye? ia nueiaiaei? ao?aoeee
naith aeooaeuei?noue, ui oe?eeii c?icoi?ei, ine?eueee I.?aa?i i?aoeth? a
aaeoc? aoii?o ? naoe?e iiiaae 50 ?ie?a. E??i oiai, ia iaai?e /anoei?
oai??a iaaaoeaii iicia/aeeny noni?eueii-iie?oe/i? i?ioeane a eieeoiueiio
Nithc? ?N? o 50-80-? ?iee, aee?aeoeae ? ianoaiiae, ea??ai? aeiiae ?
canoa?aaeaiiy, ui a?aeaeeeny ia ?aaeaiaioaoe?? o aeai?? aeeoo?aiai
iaoa??aeo oa oi?iao eiai ao?eaiiy, ia “aeicoaaii?” ni?oo. A oiio aoee
oai?e oae caaiiai iiceoeaiiai aoii?o ? ”aaccoai?” naoe?e, caoaeaia eiei
i?eeii?a eii?/iiai, nthaeaoi? noaie ? o N.Ie?eieea, ? o N.Aine?aeanaiea,
? o A.?aaiiae/a, ? o I.Ne?i/oea, ? o I.?aa?a. Aaoi? aeena?oaoe?? aaaaea?
ca iio??aia caoaaaeeoe, ui e??i, iie?oe/ii? caaiaaaeiaaiino?, o aoii?? ?
naoe?? I.?aa?a i?inoaaeothoueny oaeiae ie?ai? i?i?aooiee, ye? iiaeia
iiynieoe iini?oi?noth, iaaeaaaeai?noth a iiaioaaii? ieooeai aeeoo?aeo
?aae?e. Aea, iacaaaeath/e ia oea, I.?aa?i ana ae naiiaooiuei
?aae?co?oueny o ooaeiaeiueiio iiiaeaii? ni?oo, iiaiiaoth/e oe?iea eiei
ceiaiaeaiieo oai ? i?iaeai ? iane/oth/e oai?e cia?aaeaeueiith
iaeueiaie/?noth, ooaeiaei?i eaeii?ciii, ??ii?/iith ia?aaeienaeuei?noth,
i?eaiaeieoeueeeie eie?c?yie, a eiai aeinueiaiaei?oi?e aei?iaie caeia?
/?eueia i?noea o eiioaeno? ?icaeoeo oe?a?inueeiai aoii?o ? naoe?e
ae?oai? iieiaeie XX noie?ooy.

O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? “?io? a?ai? oai?/iai na?oo I.?aa?a”, yeee
neeaaea?oueny c o?ueio i?ae?icae?e?a – “Ooaeiaeiuei-aeieoiaioaeueia
i?ica”, “E?oa?aoo?ii-e?a?ciaa/? aeine?aeaeaiiy”, “E?oa?aoo?ii-e?eoe/i?
ioae?eaoe??”, ?icaeyaea?oueny ?icia?ooy oai?/iai naiiaeyao iaeno?a, yeee
iiiaae 50 ?ie?a ia ao?a/a? iiaeeeaino? aei?iaoaaoe na?e
ienueiaiieoeueeee oeno ia o?eueee a e??eoe? oa aoii?? e naoe??, aea e o
ooaeiaeiuei-aeieoiaioaeuei?e i?ic?, a oaeiae o e?oa?aoo?iciaanoa?.

Aiae?c ooaeiaeiuei-aeieoiaioaeueii? i?ice I.?aa?a aea? i?aenoaae
i?aee?aneeoe iniiaio ?eno eiai oai?/ino? – ooaeiaei? inieneaiiy ?
aena?oeaiiy o oai?ao yne?aaeo noi??iie ?noi??? ??aeiiai e?ath, noai?aiiy
?noi?e/ii i?aaaeeaiai ia?aco Caii??aeaey – ianei?aiiai ? ioaeiueiai o
/an oyaeeeo aei?iaoaaiue o ?iee A?o/eciyii? a?eie a iia?no? “A??i i?ae
Caii??aeaeyi”; no/aniiai ?iaeono??aeueiiai oeaio?o, i?noa noaeaaa??a ?
aei?i?iaoae?aoe?a o iia?noyo “I?aeia noaeue” oa “O?eao Aonaieoey”, a
oaeiae ia?ac?a iaia?an?/ieo caieye?a, aenie? ii?aeuei? yeino? yeeo
?ice?eaathoueny a aeno?aiaeueieo aeeoo?aeo ianoaaeiao.

I.?aa?i caeeoa?oueny a??iei oai? Caii??aeaey, yea ? iane??ciith o eiai
oai?/ino?. A oiio naia ia aeeaie?e nii??aeiaiino? c ??aeiei e?a?i, ia
caeioaiino? ienueiaiieea a aeeoo?aea?oth/o, i?aio/o caieth, ia
ooaeiaeiueiio inieneaii? ?noi??? eicaoeueei? aieueieoe? aaco?oueny
eiioeaioe?y oai?/iai na?oo I.?aa?a, yeiai iaaaci?aenoaaii iiaeia
aaaaeaoe ni?aoeai “iaei? aaouee?aueie”. ? oea ia ? na?ae/aiiyi eiai, oae
ae iiaeoe, eieaeueiino?, a, iaaiaee, o??th ?enith, yea ae??ciy? eiai
aei?iaie o eiioaeno? ?icaeoeo caaaeueiioe?a?inueeeo anoaoe/ieo
i???ioaoe?e ? oaiaeaioe?e.

Oa?aeoa?enoeea oai?/i? ae?yeueiino? I.?aa?a aoea a iaiiaiith, yeae o
aeena?oaoe??, yea, aiaeii/an, ? ? ni?iaith e?oa?aoo?iiai ii?o?aoo, ia
aoee aena?oeai? oae? a?ai? eiai oai?/ino?, ye e?oa?aoo?ia e?a?ciaanoai,
e?oa?aoo?ia e?eoeea ? ioae?oeenoeea. A?i ?aoaeueii aeine?aeea ?
ii?eethaeiea ia noi??ieao i?ane, a inoaii?i /anii o na??? eiea
”Oe?a?inueea Iaeea” iiiaae 100 ??cieo yaeu ? oaeo?a, ye? ?ice?eaathoue
noi??iee ?noi??? e?oa?aoo?iiai ?ooo ia Caii??aeae?, aena?oeththoue
iniaeeaino? aca?iei caii??cueeeo e?oa?aoi??a c aeaeaoieie iaeno?aie
e?aniiai ienueiainoaa c e?ioey O?O noie?ooy aei iaoeo aei?a.

I?e aena?oeaii? e?oa?aoo?ii-e?a?ciaa/eo aai e?oa?aoo?ii-e?eoe/ieo
i?iaeai I.?aa?i ? oi/iei o iaaaaeaii? oaeo?a, iana a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noue
ca i?aaaeea?noue ? ia’?eoeai?noue aeei?enoaieo iaoa??ae?a, iaceaa?
eiie?aoia aeaea?aei ?ioi?iaoe??, i?aaia aooe eaeii?/iei o aeniiaeao.
*a?ac oa eiai noaoo?, iaeyaee, ana a?ae??ciythoueny aeeiai?eith aeoiee,
eia?eith, ae??a?noth, ui aeoeaii aieeaa? ia oi?ioaaiiy na?aeiiino?
ethaeeie, oe?ieeo /eoaoeueeeo e?e. A?iiaaeyinueea e aoe/ia i?eno?anoue,
anoaoe/ia /oooy, a?aoiaioiaai?noue noaeaeaiue, aiae?oe/ia aeaaaeea?noue
ieooey, i?aai?/ia no?oeoo?a iiaii? nenoaie, aea? ia?aaeaa/aiiy, i?iaiico
aeacothoue ia iaeaaeiee nooi?iue i?ioan?eiino? I.?aa?a ye e?oa?aoo?iiai
e?a?ciaaoey ? e?eoeea.

Aiae?c e?oa?aoo?ii-e?eoe/ieo caeiaooe?a I.?aa?a iieaco?, ui aei eiai
oaaae iio?aieythoue aaaaoi yaeu e?oa?aoo?iiai ?icaeoeo, ia ye? a?i
?aaaoaaa aenooiaie o i?an?. Iiiaae 30 ?ie?a i/iethth/e iaeanio
i?aai?caoe?th Ni?eee ienueiaiiee?a, a?i iino?eii i?acaiooaaa iaii?aio ??
aeinyaiaiue, aeeiioaaa ?ieue ianoaaieea e?oa?aoo?ii? iieiae?, i?e
oeueiio ieoo/e ia?aaeiiae, aiae?oe/i? iaeyaee, ?aoeaic??, oi/ ? c
??ciith i??ith oaoiaino? oa ia’?eoeaiino?, ui aeanoeai cia/i?e /anoei?
aaoi??a – ia i?ioan?iiae?a-e?eoee?a, a ienueiaiiee?a.

O “Aeniiaeao” cacia/a?oueny, ui, ye ? eiaeai ieoaoeue, /ey oai?/?noue
iaaiee /an ?icaeaaeanue o o?nieo ?aieao oae caaiiai nioe?aae?cio,
I.?aa?i ni?eeia?oueny nueiaiaei? ia iaeiicia/ii. *eiaea /anoeia
ooaeiaeiueiai aei?iaeo I.?aa?a (iniaeeai oai?e, iaienai? o 50-70-? ?iee)
caciaea aieea?a oai??? aaceiioe?eoiino?, ui aaei aei iaaei??ii?
iaoiniino?, aeaeea?aoeaiino?, ?eoi?e/iino?, aei aeei??iaiiy
“a?eueiiaeoinoaa”, aeaia?nii?o?eaoe?? ethaeeie a e??eoe?,
caaiaaaeiaaiino? aeoo? e aeoiee, ?ethno?aoeaiino?. Oe? ? iiae?ai? ?ene
aoee i?eoaiaii? aaeee?e /anoei? oe?a?inueei? e?oa?aoo?e ae?oai? iieiaeie
XX no., ooaeiaei? iaee//y yei? aaaaoi a /iio aecia/a?oueny naia o?nieie
? aei?noieeie eaiiiaie nioe?aae?noe/iiai ienoaoeoaa, iie?oe/iei oeneii,
aaei?i?no?aoeaiei iaaeyaeii. ? a eiai ienoaoeueeiio aei?iaeo oai?e, a
yeeo a?i a?aeaeaa aeaieio eiiia?o?eiiio ?aaeeio oa eiai aiaeaeyi,
iie?oe/iei eiiiai?yi ? aeaoai, ye? ao?aoeee ooaeiaeiuei-anoaoe/io
oe?ii?noue ? aaeeeith i??ith iicia/ai? aoi?eii?noth. Aea a?i iiaeieaa
ia?aoeiaee ? iaaaeiac? iinoaa ia?aae /eoa/ai o iia?e yeino?,
cana?ae/eaoe naiiaooi?noue ? aaaaoia?aii?noue naiai oaeaioo. Na?ae/aiiyi
aaiethoe?? oai?/i? ?iaeea?aeoaeueiino? ieooey ? eiai ooaeiaeiueiai na?oo
noaee ca??ee e??eee “Cicoeei oea?o” (1989), “Ino??a Aaeaee” (1999),
aoii?enoe/ii-naoe?e/i? oai?e (“Eicaoeuee? aea?oe” o naie eieaao),
ioae?oeenoe/i? noaoo? ia ii?aeueii-aoe/i?, iie?oe/i? oa ?io?
noni?eueii-aa?o?ni? oaie. Aecia/aeueio ?ieue o oeueiio a?ae?a?aee
i?iaieioaiiy aea?aeaaii? iacaeaaeiino? Oe?a?ie, o/anoue ienueiaiieea
I.?aa?a o ?? noni?eueii-iie?oe/iiio oa a?iiaaenueeiio aeeoo?.

?icaeyaeath/e oai?e I.?aa?a ??cieo aeai??a c iiceoe?e nueiaiaeaiiy ?
caaaeath/e ia noni?eueii-iie?oe/i? ?aae??, a yeeo a?aeaoaaeiny
oi?ioaaiiy eiai oai?/i? iniaenoino?, aa?oi cacia/eoe, ui ienueiaiiee
a?ae naiiai ii/aoeo iaiaaaany ni?yioaaoe nai? ooaeiaei? neiai aei
iiooeiai? aeoeaiino?, aei i???ioaoe?? ia a?/i? oe?iiino?, aei
noa’?eoeaiaaii? aeoiee e ii/oooy. ? aiii aeieaei
ooaeiaeiuei-o?einionueeo ?ioaioeeuei?noue, “n??ee iiceoea?ci” ?
ieaeaoi?noue, noeeueiao aii?oi?noue. I.?aa?i o e?aueo oai?ao i?aaia
neioacoaaoe ioae?oeenoe/i? e iaaeeoaoeai? iioeae, caaaaoeoe a?naiae
ia?acieo anioe?aoe?e, ciaeoe na?e ?iaeea?aeoaeueiee noeeue, /a?ac yeee
i?inoaaeothoueny eiai na?oiaeyaei? i?eioeeie. A oe? oai?/? iiooee
iaeia?oa iia’ycai? c ?aeaeiei iaaaioaaeaiiyi oai??a, aeai?ii oaie oa
noaaeaiiyi aei ia?, nenoaiith ooaeiaei?o cania?a. Any oai?/?noue I.?aa?a
i?ieiyoa neeueiei no?oiaiai ioae?oeenoe/iino?, /a?ac oa, ui aiia i?oeii
iia’ycaia c aeeooyi, c ooaa?aeaeaiiyi aai caia?a/aiiyi ?aaeueieo yaeu.

Aeaco?oueny, ui ?icaeyiooee aeioaia??oi?e oai?/ee aei?iaie ienueiaiieea
Iao?a ?aa?a, eao?aaoa /eneaiieo i?ai?e a aaeoc? e?oa?aoo?e ? ienoaoeoaa,
cie?aia ?anioae?eainueei? i?ai?? ?i.I.Oe/eie, ?anioae?eainueei?
?i.N.Ie?eieea, i?ai?e ?i.I.Iaaiea?aee, ?i.I.Aiae?iniaa, ?i.A.E?niyea,
i?aeia?iaeii? e?oa?aoo?ii? i?ai?? ?i.I.Naaaeaea/iiai oa ?i.,
iacaaaeath/e ia iaai? iaaeie?ee ? aaaee, ye? a iniiaiiio aoee iane?aeeii
aieeao ?aeaieia?/iiai oaeoi?o ia e?oa?aoo?iee i?ioean ? oai?/o
iniaeno?noue, ? aaaiiei ? i?aai?/iei aeaiaioii ?icaeoeo oe?a?inueei?
e?oa?aoo?e ae?oai? iieiaeie XX noie?ooy ? caeia? a iueiio iii?oia
i?noea, a?aeaeca?eaethth/e i?iaeaie ? neeaaeiino? e?oa?aoo?ii?
na?aeiiino? aeiae.

Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeeaaeaii a oaeeo ioae?eaoe?yo
aaoi?a:

1. E??eea Iao?a ?aa?a: aniaeoe iiaoeee // Aeooaeuei? i?iaeaie
e?oa?aoo?iciaanoaa: Ca. iaoe.
i?.-O.IV.-Aei?i?iiao?ianuee,1999.-N.134-144.

2. Aa?i?ea A?o/eciyii? a?eie o i?ic? oa ae?aiaoo?a?? Iao?a ?aa?a //
A?niee Caii??cueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo. O?eieia?/i? iaoee –
Caii??aeaey, 1998.-?1.-N.150-152.

3. “AEeao Aei?i?ii” // Ai?enoai.-1999. -? 6.-N.6.

4. Ooaeiaeiy iaenoa?i?noue Iao?a ?aa?a // I?eaei?i?ianueeee iaoeiaee
a?niee. O?eieia?y oa iaaeaaia?ea: Iaoeiaee aeo?iae – Aei?i?iiao?ianuee:
Iaoea ? ina?oa, 1998.-?21(88).-N.24-29.

5. Caii??cueeee e?ae a e??eoe? I.?aa?a // I?eaei?i?ianueeee iaoeiaee
a?niee. O?eieia?y : Iaoeiaee aeo?iae – Aei?i?iiao?ianuee: Iaoea ?
ina?oa, 1998.-?59(126).-N.1-5.

6. Iao?i ?aa?i ? ieoaiiy e?oa?aoo?iiai ?ooo ia Caii??aeae? //
I?eaei?i?ianueeee iaoeiaee a?niee. O?eieia?y : Iaoeiaee aeo?iae –
Aei?i?iiao?ianuee: Iaoea ? ina?oa, 1998.-?76(143).-N.1-5.

7. Caii?icueea eicaoeoai a aoii?enoeoe? Iao?a ?aa?a (ia iaoa??ae? ca??ie
“Eicaoeuee? aea?oe”) // E?oa?aoo?a e ?noi??y. Iaoa??aee i?aeia?iaeii?
iaoeiai? eiioa?aoe??.-Caii??aeaey:CAeO, 1998.-N.110-115.

8. Iaae noi??ieaie ?noi??? e?oa?aoo?iiai ?ooo ia Caii??aeae? // Iaoeia?
i?aoe? ?noi?e/iiai oaeoeueoaoo. – Caii??aeaey: I?ina?oa, CAeO, 1999. –
N.203-207.

Noaaei?/aiei I.I. Oai?/?noue Iao?a ?aa?a a eiioaeno? ?icaeoeo
oe?a?inueei? e?oa?aoo?e 50-90-o ?ie?a OO noie?ooy. – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa o?eieia?/ieo
iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 10.01.01 – oe?a?inueea e?oa?aoo?a. –
Caii??cueeee aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao, Caii??aeaey, 1999.

Aeena?oaoe?y i?enay/aia aeooaeuei?e i?iaeai? eiiieaeniiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy oai?/ino? Iao?a ?aa?a (ia?. 1932 ?.) o eiioaeno? ?icaeoeo
oe?a?inueei? e?oa?aoo?e 50-90-o ?ie?a OO no. Aeioaia??oi?e oai?/ee
iaaooie ienueiaiieea noaiiaeoue iiiaae 70 eiea, aeeth/ath/e
ioae?oeenoe/i?, e?oa?aoo?ii-e?eoe/i? oa ?i. iaoa??aee.

O ?iaio? aena?oeththoueny aeaea?aea oi?ioaaiiy na?oiaeyaeo ?
na?oini?eeiaiiy I.?aa?a, iniaeeaino? ooaeiaeiuei? iaia?e,
?ice?eaathoueny i?iaeaie oai?/i? aaiethoe?? ienueiaiieea. Aiae?cothoueny
aoii? ? naoe?a, oai?e aeey ae?oae, aeieoiaioaeueia i?ica, ae?aiaoe/i?
iiaie.

?icaeyaeathoueny iniaeeaino? eiiiiceoe??, ia?acii? nenoaie, iiaoe/ii?
iiae, aena?oeth?oueny niaoeeo?ea ae?aeaeoeei-oe?e?nii? naiina?aeiiino?,
aiae?co?oueny nai???aei?noue eiioeaioe?? na?oo, ethaeeie. I?iaaaeaii
oeiieia?/ia c?noaaeaiiy, aecia/aii iiaeeo?eaoe?ei? ?ene, oeyoe aeai?iaeo
o?ainoi?iaoe?e.

Oai?/?noue I.?aa?a ?icaeyaea?oueny ye naiiaooi? yaeua a oe?a?inuee?e
e?oa?aoo?? ae?oai? iieiaeie OO noie?ooy.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: oai?/a aaiethoe?y, aeai?, noeeue, eiioaeno, oeiieia?/i?
?ene, iiaoeea, o?iie.

Noaaeie/aiei I.A. Oai?/anoai Iao?a ?aa?a a eiioaenoa ?acaeoey oe?aeineie
eeoa?aoo?u 50-90-o aiaeia OO a. – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa oeeieiae/aneeo
iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 10.01.01 – oe?aeineay eeoa?aoo?a. – Caii?iaeneee
ainoaea?noaaiiue oieaa?neoao, Caii?iaeuea,1999.

Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia aeooaeueiie i?iaeaia eiiieaeniiai enneaaeiaaiey
oai?/anoaa Iao?a ?aa?a (?iae. a 1932 a.) a eiioaenoa ?acaeoey oe?aeineie
eeoa?aoo?u 50-90-o aa. OO a. A ?aaioa inaauathony enoi/ieee oi?ie?iaaiey
ie?iaicc?aiey e ie?iaini?eyoey I.?aa?a, iniaaiiinoe aai ooaeiaeanoaaiiie
iaia?u, ?ane?uaathony i?iaeaiu oai?/aneie yaiethoeee ienaoaey.

Aiaeece?othony: ee?eea, thii? e naoe?a, i?iecaaaeaiey aeey aeaoae,
aeieoiaioaeueiay i?ica, ae?aiaoo?aey, eeoa?aoo?ii-e?aaaaae/aneea i/a?ee,
eeoa?aoo?ii-e?eoe/aneea e ioaeeoeenoe/aneea iaoa?eaeu. I?iaaaeaiu
oeiieiae/aneea niiinoaaeaiey, ii?aaeaeaiu iiaeeoeeaoeeiiiua /a?ou, iooe
aeai?iauo o?ainoi?iaoeee. Iniaaiiia aieiaiea oaeaeyaony aiaeeco aieueoa
20 eiea naoe?u e thii?a I.?aa?a.

Aeenna?oaoeey ninoieo ec anooieaiey, o?ao ?acaeaeia, auaiaeia e nienea
eniieueciaaiiuo enoi/ieeia.

Ai anooieaiee iainiiaai auai? oaiu, ii?aaeaeaia aa aeooaeueiinoue e
iao/iay iiaecia, oeaeue enneaaeiaaiey, iaoiaeieiae/aneay iniiaa, a
oaeaea i?iaiaeece?iaaia enoi?ey eeoa?aoo?ii-e?eoe/aneie iunee i ienaoaea
I.?aa?i.

Ia ienaoaeueneii iii?eua ii ?aaioaao oaea aieueoa 50 eao. Aai
ee?e/aneia ianeaaeea, aeeth/athuaa eieae “Caiaa”, “Aaoa? n Aeiai?a”,
“?iaenoaaiieee nieioea”, “Caii?iaeneay ?aaeoaa”, “Ienueia e caieyeai” e
ae?., enneaaeoaony ia oiia ?acaeoey oe?aeineie iiycee 50-90-o aiaeia OO
aaea, y?eeie i?aaenoaaeoaeyie eioi?ie a yoio ia?eiae auee Ae.Iaaee/ei,
E.Einoaiei, A.Neiiiaiei, E.Ae?a/, A.Ieaeiee, a oaeaea I.A?aoai,
A.A?ia/aiei, Iao.Eauoe, I.Iaaieaaaea, A.Ei?ae e ae?oaea. I?e aiaeeca aai
oai?/anoaa i?eieiaaony ai aieiaiea e oi, /oi ia ii?aaeaeaiioth /anoue
aai ianeaaeey eiaee aicaeaenoaea iaaaoeaiua i?ioeannu a
iauanoaaiii-iieeoe/aneie aeecie 50-o – 80-o aa., aneaaenoaea /aai a aai
oai?/anoaa i?enoonoaotho yeaiaiou aeaeea?aoeaiinoe, ?eoi?e/iinoe,
eeethno?aoeaiinoe.

A ia?aii ?acaeaea “No?oeoo?ii-ooaeiaeanoaaiiua iniaaiiinoe iiycee”,
inaauaaony niaoeeoeea aeeaeaeoeei-oeaeinoiiai naiiniciaiey,
aiaeece?oaony naiaia?acea eiioeaioeee ie?a, /aeiaaea, ?anniao?eaathony
iiyoeea, iniaaiiinoe eiiiiceoeee, ia?aciie nenoaiu. Iniaia aieiaiea
ia?auaaony ia noeoe aeey aeaoae e ae?aiaoe/aneea iiyiu.

Ai aoi?ii ?acaeaea “Yaiethoeey thii?a e naoe?u iiyoa” aiaeece?oaony
thii?enoe/anei-naoe?e/aneia ianeaaeea I.?aa?i, eioi?ia ninoaaeyao ieiei
20 eiea. Auaeaeythony iniiaiua oaiu, iioeau, ?anniao?eaathony n?aaenoaa
thii?a e naoe?u. Iniaaiii iiae?iaii aaoi? iiaeaao aiaeec i?iecaaaeaiee
I.?aa?a ia enoi?e/aneoth oaiaoeeo, a /anoiinoe, nia?aiiuo iiae aaeeiui
caaeaaeai “Eacaoeeea oooee” (a naie eieaeeao).

O?aoee ?acaeae “Ae?oaea a?aie oai?/aneiai ie?a I.?aa?a” iinayuai
iiae?iaiiio aiaeeco aeieoiaioaeueiuo iiaanoae “A?ii iiae Caii?iaeueai”,
“Iaaeiay noaeue” e ae?., a oaeaea ianeaaeeth I.?aa?a a noa?a
eeoa?aoo?iiai e?aaaaaeaiey e eeoa?aoo?iie e?eoeee.

A aeenna?oaoeee oai?/anoai I.?aa?a ?anniao?eaaaony eae naiaia?aciia
yaeaiea a oe?aeineie eeoa?aoo?a aoi?ie iieiaeiu OO noieaoey.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: oai?/aneay yaiethoeey, aeai?, noeeue, eiioaeno,
oeiieiae/aneea /a?ou, iiyoeea, ooaeiaeanoaaiiua n?aaenoaa.

Stadnichenko O.A. Petro Rebro’s creative activity in the context of the
development of the Ukrainian literature in 50-90-years of XX
century.-Manuscript.

Dissertation for the Candidate Degree in Philology (speciality
10.01.01.- Ukrainian literature).- Zaporozhye State University,
Zaporozhye, 1999.

This dissertation is devoted to the actual problem of complex research
of P.Rebro’s (born in 1932) creative activity in the context of the
development of the Ukrainian literature in 50-90-years of XX century.
The subject of our special study is the author’s creative heritage till
present time which includes more than 70 books, publicistic writings,
literary-critical essays and other articles, published in newspapers and
magazines.

This study reveals the sources and ways of formation of P.Rebro’s world
outlook and style features. It deals with the problem of the author’s
creative evolution, based on the analysis of P.Rebro’s works, written
under the influence of ideological factors (mostly negative), which
reveal the socio-political views of that time.

There were studied the movements of motives and genre explosure of
P.Rebro’s works of that period, the author’s philosophic and aesthetic
filling of lyrics, humour and satire. There were analysed P.Rebro’s
poetic style features, composition, system of types, specifity of the
author’s self-consciousness, pecularity of his philosophy.

P.Rebro’s creative activity is studied as a peculiar phenomenon in the
Ukrainian literature of II part of XX century.

Key words: creative evolution of writer, genre, stile, context,
typological features, poetics, modes of expression the figures of
speech.

Aaaaeath nai?i ii?aeueiei iaia’yceii aeneiaeoe iaeiaee?o? ii/oooy
aaey/iino? ii?io iaooiaiieeo e ioae?iio ii?aaeieeia? eaiaeeaeaoo
o?eieia?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaioo eaoaae?e ca?oa?aeii? e?oa?aoo?e
Caii??cueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo, /eaio Ni?eee ienueiaiiee?a
Oe?a?ie Eoi??yiiao ?ai?th Oa?aio?eiae/o.

Нашли опечатку? Выделите и нажмите CTRL+Enter

Похожие документы
Обсуждение

Ответить

Курсовые, Дипломы, Рефераты на заказ в кратчайшие сроки
Заказать реферат!
UkrReferat.com. Всі права захищені. 2000-2020