.

Традиційне житлово-господарське будівництво Українського Полісся (становлення та еволюція): Автореф. дис… канд. іст. наук / А.Г. Данилюк, НАН Україн

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Iaoe?iiaeueia aeaaeai?y iaoe Oe?a?ie

?inoeooo oe?a?iiciaanoaa ?i.?.E?ei’yeaae/a

?inoeooo ia?iaeiciaanoaa

OAeE 728.031 (477)

AeAIEETHE A?oei A?eai?iae/

O?aaeeoe?eia aeeoeiai-ainiiaea?nueea aoae?aieoeoai

Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny

(noaiiaeaiiy oa aaiethoe?y)

Niaoe?aeuei?noue 07.00.05 – aoiieia?y

AAOI?AOA?AO

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa ?noi?e/ieo iaoe

Euea?a – 1999

Aeena?oaoe?y ? ?oeiienii

?iaioa aeeiiaia a ?inoeooo? ia?iaeiciaanoaa IAI Oe?a?ie

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: IAAETHE Noaiai Iao?iae/,

aeieoi? ?noi?e/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,

aee?aeoi? ?inoeoooo ia?iaeiciaanoaa

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: IAEA?*OE Noaiai A?naio?eiae/,

aeieoi? ?noi?e/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,

caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e aoiieia?? Euea?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai

oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? ?aaia O?aiea

IIAEOE* ?aai ?iiaiiae/,

eaiaeeaeao ?noi?e/ieo iaoe, aee?aeoi? ?inoeoooo
“Oe?cao?aei?iaeo?anoaa?aoe?y”,

ia?iaeiee a?o?oaeoi? Oe?a?ie

I?ia?aeia i?aai?caoe?y: *a?i?aaoeueeee aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao

?i.TH.Oaaeueeiae/a, eaoaae?a aoiieia??,

aioe/iino?, na?aaeiueia?/ii? ?noi???,

i.*a?i?aoe?.

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 9 aa?aciy 1999 ?. i _____ aiae. ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? A/aii? ?aaee Ae.35.222.01. ?c caoenoo aeena?oaoe?e ia
caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa ?noi?e/ieo iaoe i?e ?inoeooo?
oe?a?iiciaanoaa ?i.?.E?ei’yeaae/a IAI Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith:

290026, Euea?a-26, aoe.Eicaeueieoeueea, 4.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo
oe?a?iiciaanoaa ?i.?.E?ei’yeaae/a IAI Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 290026,
Euea?a-26, aoe.Eicaeueieoeueea, 4.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “___”______________ 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? A/aii? ?aaee

eaiaeeaeao ?noi?e/ieo iaoe Noaae?e O.?.

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA AeENA?OAOe?EII? ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Ia?iaeia aoae?aieoeoai – iaeia c? neeaaeiaeo
iaoa??aeueii? eoeueoo?e iin?aea? – aaaeeeaa i?noea a aeine?aeaeaii?
aoi?/ieo i?ioean?a. Aea/aiiy caaaeueieo oa ?aa?iiaeueieo iniaeeainoae
oe?a?inueei? ia?iaeii? a?o?oaeoo?e aea? ciiao eiie?aoii aeyaeoe ??
i?eeiaoi? ?ene, ioe?ieoe ooaeiaei? oa ooieoe?iiaeuei? yeino?, uia oe?oa
canoinoaaoe ?o o n?euenueeiio aoae?aieoeoa?, iaaeath/e iaoe?iiaeueiiai
eiei?eoo no/aniei iinaeaiiyi.

Ia?iaeia a?o?oaeoo?a caaaeaee /ooeeai “?aaaoaaea” ia i?ioeane, ui
a?aeaoaaeeny a noni?euenoa?. A iaoeiaiio ieai? cai?iiiiiaaia i?aoey
nea?iaaia ia aena?oeaiiy yaeu ia?iaeii? aoae?aaeueii? eoeueoo?e ie?aiiai
?aa?iio – a naia Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny – a i?ioean? ?noi?e/iiai
?icaeoeo. ?? aeooaeuei?noue coiiaeth?oueny aeeiai?eith aoae?aieoeoaa ia
nae?, iniaeeai a

OO no., eiee o?aaeeoe?ei? aeaiaioe ?aa?iiaeueiiai aoae?aieoeoaa
o?enothoueny aeoaea ??aeei.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy o?aaeeoe?eiiai aeeoeiai-ainiiaea?nueeiai aoae?aieoeoaa
Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny coiiaeaii oaeiae ia?niaeoeaith
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo ci?i, cie?aia ia nae?, ui oo?oaeith? aea/aiiy
eiai oi?i c ieioeeo aeanyoee?oue. Oiio ne?ae iini?oaoe aea/aoe oa, ui ua
caa?aaeiny, ai caao?a aiii iiaea aooe ao?a/aia. A oeueiio eiioaeno?
iaaoaa? iniaeeaiai cia/aiiy ? noai?aiiy ioca?a i?inoi iaaa,
a?o?oaeoo?ieo caiia?aeiee?a, ye? e iieeeeai? c iaeiiai aieo, iaa??aaoe,
a c ?ioiai – i?iiaaoaaoe oa a?ae?iaeaeoaaoe o?aaeeoe?? oe?a?inueei?
iaoe?iiaeueii? eoeueoo?e, cie?aia aeeoeiai-ainiiaea?nueei?.

Ia’?eoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? Oe?a?inueea Iie?nny, ?noi?eei-aoiia?ao?/ia
iaeanoue, ui aaia?ao?/ii i?inoyaa?oueny iaeaea ia 1000 ei ia i?aii/?
Oe?a?ie ? ?acii ?c noi?aeieie A?ei?onueeei, ?in?enueeei oa Iieuenueeei
Iie?nnyi oai?eoue iaeio c? nai???aeieo oa?eoi??e neia’yinueeiai na?oo.

Aea?? Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny ye ia’?eoa aeine?aeaeaiiy coiiaeth?oueny ia
o?eueee a?oa?eith oeueiai ?aa?iio a aoiieoeueoo?iiio a?aeiioaii?, a e
oei, ui ca inoaii? aeanyoee?ooy i?iaiaeyoueny ae?aeaeoieia?/i?,
a?oaieia?/i?, aio?iiieia?/i? ?, /anoeiai, aoiia?ao?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy,
iane?aeee yeeo iiaiith i??ith iiaeia caaaiooe o?eueee c aea/aiiyi
ia?iaeii-aoae?aaeueii? eoeueoo?e.

I?aaeiaoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? o?aaeeoe?eia aeeoeiai-ainiiaea?nueea
aoae?aieoeoai Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny, eiai noaiiaeaiiy e aaiethoe?y.
Oaaaa cina?aaeaeaia ia?aaeon?i ia iniaeeainoyo iinaeaiue ? oeiao naaeea,
aoae?aaeueieo o?aaeeoe?yo, iienao ? eaae?o?eaoe?? ia?iaeiiai aeeoea –
oaoe, ?? eiino?oeoe?e ? ieai?a, ??ciiaeae?a ainiiaea?nueeeo nii?oae.

Iniiaith aeey iaienaiiy ?iaioe noaee iaoa??aee iaoeiaeo aeniaaeeoe?e
Iocath ia?iaeii? a?o?oaeoo?e oa iiaooo o Eueaia? c iaoith aea/aiiy
ia?iaeiiai aoae?aieoeoaa, a?aeai?o iai’yoie aeey aeniiceoe??,
aaciina?aaeiy o/anoue aaoi?a aeena?oaoe?? o aeaiiioaaeo oa a?aeoai?aii?
iai’yoie ia oa?eoi??? Iocath. Iaeiie/aiee oaeoe/iee iaoa??ae i?e
iieueiaeo ianoaaeaiiyo, o i?ioean? aea/aiiy aeiiii?aeieo aeaea?ae a
a?o?aao oa inieneaiiy iaoeiai? e?oa?aoo?e eyaee a iniiao aeena?oaoe?eii?
?iaioe.

O?iiieia?/i? ?aiee aeena?oaoe?? ioiieththoue ia??iae a?ae ii/aoeo
noaiiaeaiiy o?aaeeoe?eiiai aoae?aieoeoaa ia Oe?a?inueeiio Iie?nn? e?ioey

XV – ii/aoeo XVI no. aei /ano eiai iae?ioaineai?oiai ?icaeoeo
iai?ee?ioe? O?O ? iinooiiai? i?aaeyoe?? a iao? aei?.

Iaoa ? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy – ia iniia? c?a?aieo ? ii?aoeueiaaieo
aaoi?ii iaoa??ae?a aeyaeoe iniaeeaino? noaiiaeaiiy ? aaiethoe?th
o?aaeeoe?eiiai aeeoeiai-ainiiaea?nueeiai aoae?aieoeoaa Oe?a?inueeiai
Iie?nny, i?iaiae?coaaoe caaaeuei? oa aocueei?aa?iiaeuei?, eieaeuei? ?ene
iie?nueeeo iinaeaiue ? naaeea, aeeoea, ainiiaea?nueeeo aoae?aaeue,
aeyaeoe ci?io a oa?aeoa?? aoae?aieoeoaa, aeie?aieoe ?o ia??iaee. I?e
oeueiio aaoi? i?aaioa aeine?aeeoe ianooii? caaaeaiiy:

– noai aoiia?ao?/iiai aea/aiiy ia?iaeiiai aoae?aieoeoaa e?ath;

– iniaeeaino? iinaeaiue ? oei?a naaeea caeaaeii a?ae i?e?iaeieo,
?noi?e/ieo oa nioe?aeueieo oiia;

– ia?iaei? aoae?aaeuei? o?aaeeoe??, ?ae?eoia? oi?ie nii?oae, a?oa?cie a
eiino?oeoe?yo;

– oa?aeoa?i? aeey e?ath aeeoeia? oa ainiiaea?nuee? aoae?ae?;

– i?aai?caoe?th ?ioa?’??o a aeeoeiaeo i?ei?uaiiyo, ooieoe?iioaaiiy a
ieo iniiaieo i?aaeiao?a iiaooo;

– ci?ie a oa?aeoa?? ia?iaeiiai aoae?aieoeoaa, eiai iniiai? ia??iaee oa
?o i?eeiaoi? ?ene.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia i?aoe? iieyaa? a oiio, ui aeena?oaio iaeneiaeueii
aeei?enoaa iane?aeee aeanieo aeine?aeaeaiue ia Iie?nn? a i?ioean?
iiaoaeiae aeniiceoe?? o iocayo Eueaiaa ? Ee?aa ? oaeei /eiii caeo/ea aei
iaoeiaiai ia?ao iia? iaoa??aee c iieueiaeo ianoaaeaiue, ui iaaiith
i??ith ?icoe?ththoue ?ioi?iaoe?th aoiia?ao?/ii? e?oa?aoo?e c
aeine?aeaeoaaii? i?iaeaiaoeee.

Aeaii iaeiiai?oee aiae?c iinaeaiue oa caaoaeiae naaeea iie?uoe?a,
aeyaeaii 21 oei caieiooeo aeai??a, aeaoaeueii i?iaiae?ciaaii
aoae?aaeuei? iaoa??aee, eiino?oeoe??, a?oa?/i? aeaiaioe, a oaeiae
?ae?eoia? oi?ie aoae?aaeue – ee?o?, noaaee. Aia?oa aecia/aii iaea?eueo
iiaio oeiieia?th o?aaeeoe?eiiai ia?iaeiiai aeeoea oa on?o oi?i
ainiiaea?nueeeo aoae?aaeue Aieeinueeiai, Ee?anueeiai, AEeoiie?nueeiai oa
*a?i?a?anueeiai Iie?nny.

Aaoi? aeena?oaoe?? iniaenoi aeine?aeea (iai??ya, iienaa, noioia?aooaaa)
iiiaae 200 iai’yoie ia?iaeii? a?o?oaeoo?e, c?a?aa oa iioae?eoaaa
a?aeiiino? i?i ?ae?eoia? oi?ie aoae?aaeue – ee?o?, noaaee, iaeiieaia?i?
aeeoea, eeaneo?eoaaa o?aaeeoe?eia ia?iaeia aeeoei Iie?nny, aea/ea
caieioo? oa e?i?ei? (caeieiaai?) aeai?e, aaiethoe?th oa?aeoa?o
aoae?aieoeoaa a ca’yceo c aeieia?/ieie oa aeiiii?/ieie ci?iaie a e?a?.

Iaoa??aee oa aeniiaee aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy eyaee a iniiao
Aaia?aeueieo ieai?a iiaoaeiae aeniiceoe?e o iocayo Eueaiaa ? Ee?aa,
oaiaoe/ieo ieai?a iaeaaeiaiiy ie?aieo ?ioa?’???a o aoae?aeyo-aeniiiaoao.

Iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe?? iieyaa? ? a oiio,
ui aiie iaaiith i??ith eiie?aoecothoue iaoeia? oyaeaiiy i?i ia?iaeio
aoae?aaeueio eoeueoo?o Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny ? iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai?
i?e i?aeaioiaoe? ocaaaeueiaieo i?aoeue c aoiia?ao??, aoi?/ii? ?noi???
Oe?a?ie, iin?aiee?a oa i?ae?o/iee?a, a oaeiae aoiia?ao?/iiai aoeano.

?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?? ai?iaiaoaaeenue ia naeoe?? aoiia?ao?? oa
oieueeei?enoeee Iaoeiaiai oiaa?enoaa ?i.O.A.Oaa/aiea oa can?aeaiiyo
O/aii? ?aaee Iocath ia?iaeii? a?o?oaeoo?e oa iiaooo o Eueaia?, ia 12-oe
anaoe?a?inueeeo oa i?aeia?iaeieo iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo.

Iniiaiee ci?no aeena?oaoe?? aeeeaaeaii a oaeeo ioae?eaoe?yo aaoi?a:

Iaoa oaoa. Aoiia?ao?/iee ia?en i?i o?aaeeoe?eia iie?nueea aeeoei.–
Eooeuee, 1993.– 60 n.;

?ae?eoe aeaaiueiai aoae?aieoeoaa. Iai’yoee ia?iaeii? a?o?oaeoo?e
??aiainueeiai Iie?nny.– ??aia, 1995.– 80 n;

Oe?a?inueea oaoa.– Ee?a, 1991.– 110 n.

Iieeiieny ia?iaeiiio ciae/iio.– Euea?a, 1995.– 64 n.

a oaeiae a 28 iaoeiaeo noaooyo, iioae?eiaaieo a ??cieo aeo?iaeao.

Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c? anooio, /ioe?ueio ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a,
ei?ioeiai oa?i?iieia?/iiai neiaieea oa iieno aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e.

INIIAIEE CI?NO

O anooi? ia??oioiaaii aeooaeuei?noue oaie, noi?iiaaii iaoo ? caaaeaiiy
aeine?aeaeaiiy, aeacaii ia eiai iiaecio oa i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy.

O ia?oiio ?icae?e? – i?i noai aeine?aeaeaiiy ia?iaeiiai aoae?aieoeoaa
Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny – i?iaiae?ciaaii e?oa?aoo?o c aeine?aeaeoaaii?
oaie oa ioa?aeoa?eciaaii aeaea?aeueio aaco.

A?aeiiino? i?i ia?iaeia aoae?aieoeoai Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny
iaeiie/oaaeenue i?ioyaii noie?oue (caienee iaiae??aiee?a, e?oiieni?
caaaeee, ?iaaioa??, ?noi?eei-th?eaee/i? aeoe oiui). Aeaye? o?aaiaioa?i?
iiene ia?iaeii? a?o?oaeoo?e e?ath ciaoiaeeii a i?aoeyo oe?a?inueeeo oa
iieuenueeeo aeine?aeiee?a O?O no.: I.*oaeinueeiai, I.Ei?iaee, I.?oniaa,
I.Iiaeeue/aiea, E.Oa?ea, O.Noaoeueeiai, I.Eieueaa?aa. Aeiaie? aeieeaaeii
ia aoiia?ao?/ieo iniaeeainoyo ia?iaeiiai aoae?aieoeoaa Iie?nny
coieiy?oueny O.Aiae o i?aoe? “Aoiia?ao?/i? iniaeeaino? oe?a?inueeiai
ia?iaeo” (1916).

I?i ia?iaeia aoae?aieoeoai ie?aieo ?aeii?a Iie?nny ia ii/aoeo

OO no. ienaee iieuenuee? aeine?aeieee E.Iioeinueeee, ?.O?aieianueeee,
*.Iaoeiae/, O.Aeiioianueeee. Oe?ii? iaoa??aee aoei c?a?aii ia oiae?eo?e
i?ae?aaeyinuee?e /anoei? Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny (AEeoiie?uei?) a 1930 ?.
N.Oa?aiooaieii.

O 1960-o ??. oa e i?ci?oa, iacaaaeath/e ia an?eye? ?aeaieia?/i?
caai?iie, aeaye? aeine?aeaeaiiy ia?iaeiiai aoae?aieoeoaa Iie?nny ana ae
i?iaiaeeeenue – coneeeyie i?aoe?aiee?a ?inoeoooo IO ?i.I.O.?eeuenueeiai
AI O?N?, cie?aia I.I?eoiaeueeii, A.Noaeueiaoii, I.Eicaeaae/ai,
I.AEieoianueeei. Ca?? iaoa??ae?a i?i ia?iaeio a?o?oaeoo?o e?ath aoa
coiiaeaiee i?aeaioiaeith ua e aein? ia aeaeaiiai aoiia?ao?/iiai aoeano
Oe?a?ie, a?aeai?ii a?o?oaeoo?ieo aeniiiao?a aeey ioca?a i?inoi iaaa o
Ee?a? ? Eueaia?. I?iaeaiaoeea ia?iaeii? a?o?oaeoo?e Oe?a?ie, cie?aia
Iie?nny, ii?ooo?oueny a?eueoith /e iaioith i??ith a i?aoeyo A.Iaoeea,
TH.Aioea, N.Iaea?/oea, O.Eini?ii?, ?.Iiaeoe/a, I.Oaaeaee, I.No?oiei?,
?.Aioea, ?.N?eaoeueeiai, N.Aa?aianueeiai.

Aeaea?aeueio aaco aeine?aeaeaiiy noaiiaeyoue ianoaaeai? aaoi?ii
iai’yoee ia?iaeii? a?o?oaeoo?e (iiiaae 200 ia’?eo?a) Oe?a?inueeiai
Iie?nny.

Ae?oaee ?icae?e – “Iniaeeaino? iinaeaiue ? oei?a naaeea ia
Oe?a?inueeiio Iie?nn?” – neeaaea?oueny c o?ueio ia?aa?ao?a, o yeeo
aena?oeth?oueny ?noi??y oi?ioaaiiy ??cieo iinaeaiue oa oei?a naaeea.

Aaaeeeaa cia/aiiy aeey ?icaeoeo iinaeaiue iaee i?e?iaei? oiiae:
?aeue?o, ??oioe, ?ineeii?noue. Iie?nuee? naea iae/ano?oa ?icoaoiaai? ia
i?uaieo aethiao na?aae aie?o aai ia i?aeaeuaiiyo ocaeiaae aa?aa?a ??/ie
oa ica? (Noa?a Naei, Aeeiia, Ica?i, Eooionueea Aiey, Ai?iaa). Aei ieo
iaeaea ne??cue aeoaea aeecueei i?aeoiaeyoue e?ne.

Ieaioaaiiy iinaeaiue caeaaeeoue a?ae e?eueeio ianoaaei: yeui aiie
aeaaiueiai iioiaeaeaiiy ? aeieeee ia ino?iaao na?aae aie?o, naaeeae a
ieo ?icoaoiaai? aaceaaeii. Aea naea, ye? c’yaeeeny iaiiaeae?e ??/ie,
caaaeaee ?icaeaaeenue c? caa?aaeaiiyi iaaii? nenoaie a ?icoaooaaii?
aoae?aaeue.

Aaeeeee aieea ia ?icaeoie iinaeaiue iaea aiei/ia iii??a – iai?? ?
ia?aae?e caiaeue, ye? cae?enithaaeeny a ainiiaea?nueeeo ia?oeao
Eeoianueei? aea?aeaae ca?aeii c “Onoaaith ia aieiee” Nea?cioiaea ??
Aaaonoa 1557 ?ieo. Aiei/ia iii??a noi?iaiaeaeoaaeany caoiieaiiyi
naeyinueeeo caiaeue i?ae o?eueaa?ee. Oea i?ecaiaeeei aei ci?ie oi?i
iinaeaiue oa oa?aeoa?o ?o ieaioaaiiy. *anoi aiane?aeie ia?aieaioaaiiy
iaae?e?a eeoi? ia?aiineee /a?ac aei?iao ia i?ioeeaaeiee a?e.

Aeieeaee oaeiae oooi?e – ia i?noeyo e?ni?ic?iaie oa aeieaaee cae?ca.
Aoee e ?io? i?e/eie iiyae ooo??nueeeo iinaeaiue ia Iie?nn?. O /ane
iaiaaeo oaoa? aaaaoi ?iaeei o?eaei e oiaaeinue o aeooeo e?nao; iauaaeee
?o ? aeiiei? iaoeathoue o a?aeie?aieaieo iinaeaiiyo.

Ia Iie?nn? ia?aaaaeathoue n?euenuee? iinaeaiiy, ui neeaaeathoueny c
iaei???-aeaio, ?iiae? – o?ueio-/ioe?ueio ia?aeaeueieo aoeeoeue.
Iae/ano?oa oae? naea ?icoaoiaai? acaeiaae ??/ie ia aenieeo nooeo
oa?anao. Aoae?ae? caaaeaii c iaio aie?a i?i?aeaeaei? aei?iae; aiie
oai?youe aieiaio, i?ioa ia ?aeeio aoeeoeth. I?e oeueiio iaeaea anthaee ?
ei?ioe?, aocuee? i?iaoeee. Oea – oae caai? a?aa?i/ano? iinaeaiiy. Iai?yi
aoeeoeue o ieo ??ciee, oi/ ia?aaaaea? i?ai?/-i?aaeaiue. Naia a oaeiio
iai?yieo, c i?aaeiy ia i?ai?/, oa/a a?eueo?noue ??/ie.

Ia ?icaeoie oi?i iinaeaiue o ?aa?ii? aieeaaee oaeiae
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/i? oaeoi?e, ianaiia?aae – ?ici??e caiaeueieo
iaae?e?a. O i?ioean? ae?iaeaiiy naeyinueeeo ae?eyiie ou?eueithaaeany
caaoaeiaa aoeeoeue, canaeyeeny iaa?oue iieueia? aei?iae oa i?i?caee.

Ioaea, n?euenuee? iinaeaiiy Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny oi?ioaaeeny i?ae
aieeaii i?e?iaeieo, ?noi?e/ieo ? nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo oaeoi??a. Oea
coiiaeei iiaoooaaiiy ooo aacnenoaiieo, aoee/ieo oa eiia?iiaaieo oi?i n?e
c ?icn?yiei, ai?caeiaei, neoi/aiei oa eiia?iiaaiei oa?aeoa?ii
?icnaeaiue.

Ca ciai?oi?i aeaeyaeii naea Iie?nny iiaeia iiae?eeoe ia aea? a?oie:
i?ai?/i? oa i?aaeaii?. Aeey ia?oi? a?oie oa?aeoa?ia ?icoaooaaiiy n?e,
ie?aieo oooi??a oa naaeea na?aae e?n?a, ye? aeecueei i?aenooiathoue aei
ieo. O i?aaeaiiiiie?nueeeo naeao naaeeae ?icoaoiaai? iaeia a?ey iaeii?,
ooai?thth/e aoeeoeth. AEeoeia? /anoeie a oaoao ooo, ia a?aei?io a?ae
i?ai?/iiiie?nueeeo iaia’yceiai iia?eai?. Aeaoe /ioe?enoee?, e?eo?
nieiiith.

Naaeeae naeyi, caeaaeii a?ae oe?eie iaae?eo, iaae?aee oi?ie
aeaeiaaeaiiai i?yiieooieea, a iaaeao yeiai ? ?icieaiiaoaaeenue ??
/anoeie. Caiaeuei? iaae?ee ?icoaoiaoaaeenue ia?iaiaeeeoey?ii aei oeyo?a
niieo/aiiy, ia??aeei – ii iaeaeaa aiee aei?iae. Oiio-oi eeoi?, eueioe e
iieiyeeny iaeaeae?e a?ae oaoe.

C?a?ai? iaoa??aee na?ae/aoue i?i aaeeeo ??ciiiai?oi?noue o ?icoaooaaii?
aeeoea oa ainiiaea?nueeeo aoae?aaeue o naaeea?. Ieaioaaiiy a ieo
coiiaethaaeiny ianaiia?aae ae?iaie/ith ae?yeuei?noth oa iiaooii naeyi.
Inue /iio aeania aeeoei a naaeea? iie?uoe?a /anoi aoaeoueny na?aae
ainiiaea?nueeeo aoae?aaeue.

AEeoei o aeai?? caaaeaee noa?aeeny noaaeoe oanaaeii aei i?aaeiy:
i?ei?uaiiy io?eioaaee i?ioyaii onueiai aeiy niiy/ia ina?oeaiiy, ? oea
iiceoeaii aieeaaei ia naiiii/oooy iaoeaioe?a.

Caeaaeii a?ae ae?iaie/eo ooieoe?e ainiiaea?noa, ?ie? ie?aieo /anoei
aeai??a oa aoae?aaeue ?ic??ciythoue aeae?eueea oei?a naaeea.

A?aee?eoee aea??. O iueiio aeeoeia? ? ainiiaea?nuee? nii?oaee noiyoue
?ic??ciaii. Oaoe iae/ano?oa aeoiaeyoue aei aoeeoe? oi?oeai aai oanaaeii;
ainiiaea?nuee? aoae?ae? ?icoaoiaothoueny ca oaoith, a aeeaei? naaeeae,
noai?thth/e ie?aia ainiiaea?nueea iiaea??’y, aei yeiai aeoiaeyoue aeaa??
oe?a?a, oiie, eeoi?. A aeayeeo i?noeaainoyo oaea iiaea??’y iaceaathoue
“iai?a”. O aeai?ao caiiaeieo ainiiaea??a oaeeo iiaea??’?a aoei aeaa:
iaeia – a?ey oe?a?a, ae?oaa – a?ey eeoi?, yeo aoaeoaaee ie?aii, ca
oe?aaie.

A?o?oaeoo?iee ainaiaeue oaeeo naaeea aeeeoo?oueny aca?iica’yceii
aeeoeiaeo oa ainiiaea?nueeeo aoae?aaeue, ?icoaooaaiiyi oaoe a?aeiinii
aoeeoe?, oi?iaie aeao?a, iai?iaeath oa ?ioeie eiiiiiaioaie, ui
a?aoiaothoueny i?e i?aai?caoe?? naaeea.

Ca oiia aeeooy ? ainiiaea?thaaiiy ia a?aeethaeae?, na?aae e?n?a oa
aie?o, ia Cao?aeiiio Iie?nn? ?icaeioeenue caieioo? aeai?e (“i?aeaa?ee”,
“ie?oaei? aeai?e”, “oi?iie”, “inaaeee”). O ieo i?ae iaeiei aeaoii ii
ia?eiao?o ?ici?uoaaeenue aeeoei ? ainiiaea?nuee? aoae?ae?. Iina?aaeei?
oaeiai eiiieaeno iaia’yceiai aoa ainiiaea?nueeee aea??, aea o?eiaee
cia?yaeaey i?aoe?, o?ainii?oi? caniae. Caieioo? aeai?e a?aecia/athoueny
??ciiiai?oi?noth, ui coiiaeaii ieaioaaiiyi on??? caaoaeiae, ??
?ici??aie. O a?eueoino? caieiooeo aeai??a aeeoeiaa i?ei?uaiiy
ciaoiaeeoueny o eiiieaen? an??? caaoaeiae. Iiaoooaaee e aeai?e, a yeeo
aeania aeeoei noiyei ca iaaeaie aeai?o. Oea iaei iaai? nai? ia?aaaae,
aaeaea c iaio a?eii c?o/ii aoei iaaeyaeaoe ca ainiiaea?nueeeie
aoae?aeyie c aeaio aie?a aeai?o. C??aeea eeoi? aeiineee ca caaoaeiao – c
iaoith caa?aaeaiiy oaoe e iaeia ia aeiaaeie iiaeaae?. O aeayeeo naaeeaao
niinoa??aa?oueny iiaeaeueoa aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y ieaio: oaoa aeiineoueny ca
eiai iaae?, a ?io? i?ei?uaiiy caa??aathoue ia?a?niee aeaeyae caieiooiai
ea?a.

Iiaooo? ia Iie?nn? oaeiae e?i?eiee oei caaoaeiae. ?ic??ciythoueny
aa??aioe: oaoa ? ainiiaea?nuee? aoae?ae? ?icoaoiaai? a iaeio e?i?th,
oiaoi caeieiaai?; oaoa ? ainiiaea?nuee? nii?oaee ?icoaoiaai? a iaeio
e?i?th, aea noiyoue ie?aii; aoaeeiee noiyoue aeaiia ia?aeaeueieie
?yaeaie: oaoa c eiii?ith – a iaeiiio, ainiiaea?nuee? nii?oaee a ?ioiio
?yae?. Naaeeae c iiaoaeiaaieie a iaeio e?i?th aeeoeiaeie ?
ainiiaea?nueeeie aoae?aeyie ua aeiiaaeaaia o?aieyeeny a ?aoi?anueeiio,
Eai?iue-Eaoe?nueeiio ?aeiiao Aieeinueei?, Na?iainueeiio ?
Aieiaeeie?aoeueeiio ?aeiiao ??aiainueei? iaeanoae. A oeeo i?noeyo ?o
iaceaaee “ia?oiaeaie”, a non?aei?e A?ei?on? – “iiaiiieie aeai?aie”.

A o?aoueiio ?icae?e? – “AEeoeiaa aoae?aieoeoai” – ?icaeyaeathoueny
ia?iaei? aoae?aaeuei? o?aaeeoe??, iniaeeaino? ia?iaeiiai aeeoea ??cieo
?aeii?a Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny, eiai oeie, ?ioa?’??.

Ciai?oi?e aeaeyae iinaeaiue caeaaeaa a?ae aoae?aaeueieo o?aaeeoe?e, ye?
ooo iaioaaee. Iaeaeaai?o? aoae?ae? aoee ia?aaaaeii iaeiieaia?i? (ee?o?,
noaaee, iaeiic?oai? – aac n?iae – oaoe). Caeeoee caa?aaeeny o
I?ei’yonueeiio Iie?nn?. Caiaeii c’yaeeeny o?eeaia?ia c?oaia oaoa i?ae
nieiiith, ciai? iia?eaia, aaeee? oe?ae ? eeoi?. Oae? aoae?ae? noathoue
iai?aieie ia anueiio Iie?nn? o XV?II–XIX no.

Naeyiei ciaa aeanoeaino? an?o ii??ae aea?aaa, c yeeo aoaeoaaa o? /e ?io?
nii?oaee. E??i ninie, yea aoea iniiaiei aoae?aaeueiei iaoa??aeii,
aeei?enoiaoaaeenue a?eueoa, ineea, aeoa, c??aeea – oiiiey. Inoaii? aoee
aeaoaaeie, ia iaee i?iieneiaiai cia/aiiy, ? i?noeaa? aeanieee caiaeue
ioi/?oa a?aeioneaee ?o naeyiai. A?aea?? iaoa??aeo oaeiae iaa cia/aiiy.
Oe?ioaaeany ninia c ae??aieie, ??aieie e?eueoeyie, ai iaea aeia?o
u?euei?noue. Ia a?aee aea?aaa, caaeaiiai aeeneaaeith oa c?nioeiai ia
ii?.

A iniia? eiino?oeoe?? aeeoeiai? aoae?ae? eaaeeoue ?oaeaia ee?oue, yea
aoea iniiaiith i??ith – iiaeoeai on?o nii?oae. Caaaeyee oe?e
iiaeoeueiino? caaoaeiaa anueiai naea ni?eeiaeany ye iaeia oe?ea.

sseui o?aaa aoei nii?oaeeoe aaeeeo aoae?aeth, oi ee?o? i?eaoaeiaoaaee
iaeio aei iaeii?. Ia Iie?nn? o?aaeeoe?eiei noaei iaa’ycaiiy c?oaa oaoe c
n?iueie. sse i?aaeei, ia noeeo aeania oaoe ? n?iae noaaeee noiaie, a
iace yeeo caioneaee no?ie n?iae.

Naieie oeeaaeaany acaeiaae onueiai i?ei?uaiiy. Ia iueiio
ia?iaiaeeeoey?ii aeeaaeaee aeioee no?i.

Ia Cao?aeiiio ? *a?i?a?anueeiio Iie?nn? iai?aiei oeiii ia?ae?eooy aoa
/ioe?enoeeee aeao i?ae nieiiith, ia e?ieaao. Ia ??aiainueeiio ?
AEeoiie?nueeiio Iie?nn? a?aeii? e ?oaeai? (a?i/ano?) aeaoe. A ieo
aieiaio ?ieue a?ae?a?athoue ai?eciioaeueii c’?aeiai? a?one, ia ye?
caa?oo iaeeaaeathoue ae?aiue.

O?aaeeoe?eia ia?iaeia aeeoei ?icaeaaeiny a?ae ?oaeaii? ee?o? aei noaaee
(i?ei?uaiiy, yea aaea niaoe?aeueii aoei e?aua ooaieaia e ia?a??aaeinue),
a aeae? – aei iaeiieaia?ii? oaoe aac n?iae. Inoaii? ua aeiiaaeaaia
ianiai aoee iioe?ai? ia Iie?nn?.

O?aaeeoe?eia ia?iaeia aeeoei Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny, yea aei nueiaiaei?
caa?aaeiny, a?aecia/a?oueny iaaieie oa?eoi??aeueieie iniaeeainoyie. Oae,
ia Aieeinueeiio Iie?nn? iai?ee?ioe? O?O no. iaea?eueo iioe?aieie aoee
oaoe c ieaiaie: oaoa + n?ie ? oaoa + n?ie + eiii?a.

Aaaeeeaa i?noea a iie?nueeiio aeeoe? caeia? ?icoaooaaiiy ioee?oa
(aeaeici?iaii? noaaee). A?i iiaea aooe a n?iyo, ca i?//th (i?e oeeuei?e
no?i?), i?e i?e/?eeia?e no?i?, a eieaoi?. Oe?eaai, ui ioee?o (oaiea
eiii?a, “i?ea?e”, “?noaaea”) ia? c?oa ieae/ee, i?ae oaoa /e eieaoiy.

Aeae?eythoueny ua oaoe c “aea??oeai”, caaea??eii. Oea – cae/aei? oaoe c
i?eaoaeiaaie aei cai?/ii? no?ie, i?ei?uaiiy yeeo i?aaeyoue ca oe?ae,
noaaee, ae?ia?oi? oiui.

Iianthaeii ia Cao?aeiiio Iie?nn? o?aieyeeny oae caai? aeiaa? oaoe, o
yeeo i?ae ni?eueiei aeaoii noiyoue ? ainiiaea?nuee? nii?oaee.

Aeey Oeaio?aeueiiai ? No?aeiiai (*a?i?a?anueeiai) Iie?nny oa?aeoa?ia
e?aua caa?aaeoaai?noue aeaai?o aoae?aaeueieo o?aaeeoe?e. Oea ni?e/eiaii
a?ae??cai?noth aeaii? oa?eoi??? a?ae aieiaieo oeyo?a, a?aenooi?noth
aaeeeeo iii?ueoeueeeo caieaaieiae?iue oa nooe?eueiith a?aei?noth
n?euenueeiai ianaeaiiy. Naia ooo iaeaeiaoa cao?eiaeeny iaei?ei?oeai?o?
oeie nii?oae. Oae, o 1920-o ??. ia Aieeinueeiio Iie?nn? aoei 4
a?aenioee, a ia *a?i?a?auei? – 5,9 a?aenioea iaeiieaia?ieo aeeoae aac
n?iae. Iniaeeai aaaaoeie ia ?ae?eoe aoae?aieoeoaa caaaeaee aoee
Aeoa?iaeoeueeee, ?ieeoiyinueeee ?aeiie ??aiainueei? iaeano? oa
Ieaanueeee ?aeii AEeoiie?nueei? iaeano?. Aea a oeueiio ?aa?ii? cia/ia
iioe?aiiy iaee ? aeaiae?euei? oaoe c ieaiii: oaoa + n?ie. O ieo ii
oe?ei? a n?iyo aeae?eaii i?ei?uaiiy aeey eiii?e. Oei aeeoea: oaoa + n?ie
+ eiii?a ana-oaee aoa iai?aiei. Iai?eeeaae, oiae? ae o

1920-o ??., a n.Oiaeaee Ei?inoainueeiai ?aeiio ia AEeoiie?uei? oaeeo oao
aoei 220, ui noaiiaeei 91 a?aenioie a?ae on?o aeeoae.

?ioa?’?? iie?nueeiai aeeoea a?aecia/a?oueny i?inoioith ye o ieaioaaii?,
oae ? a icaeiaeaii?. I?ioyaii o?eaaeiai /ano a?i ia caciaaaa ?noioieo
ci?i, a ?a/? a iueiio aeacothoue ia o?aaeeoe?eia ?aoe?iiaeueia
aeei?enoaiiy iiiaoeaiiy. Eiaeai eooie oa noi?aei? c iei ciie aeeiioaaee
iaai? ooieoe?? ? caiiaithaaeeny a?aeiia?aeieie iiaooiaeie i?aaeiaoaie.
Ana oea neeaeiny aiane?aeie aaaaoia?eiaiai i?iaeeaaiiy a iaeiieaia?i?e
oao?.

Aei i?ea?iaeueieo, ?ae?eoiaeo ?a/ae a ?ioa?’??? iaeaaeaei
ina?oethaaeueia i?enoinoaaiiy – “na?oa/”, “iina?o”. Oea – nai???aeia
aeoyaeia o?oaa o aeaeyae? eiiona: oe?ieei e?a?i – aeiieco, a aoae/ei –
aei noae?. Aeaioiaeyee ?? c eice aai ei?e ? iaiacoaaee aeeiith. Cieco
aei ia? i?aea?ooaaee cae?cio ?ao?oeo, ia ye?e ai??ee ne?iee. O aeaai?oeo
oaoao aoee ua a?yaee – aeaa a?one aai e?oaeyee, ye? a?oaoaaeeny i?e
cai?/ieo ? oanaaeieo no?iao ia aenio? 60–70 ni. ?o aeei?enoiaoaaee ye
iii?e aeey iiia?a/ieo aea?aeie, ia yeeo nooeee eueii, eiiiie? oa ?i.

O /aoaa?oiio ?icae?e? – “Nii?oaee ainiiaea?nueeiai eiiieaeno” –
aea?oueny oa?aeoa?enoeea iniiaieo ainiiaea?nueeeo aoae?aaeue, ?o
eiino?oeoeaieo iniaeeainoae, oi?i, a oaeiae aena?oeththoueny oaiaeaioe??
?icaeoeo ia?iaeiiai aoae?aieoeoaa Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny.

O eiino?oeoe?yo ? oi?iao ainiiaea?nueeeo aoae?aaeue caa?aaeiny aaaaoi
a?oa?ci?a: nioe, aeeeueiaai? no?ie, ??ciiiai?oi? niiniae ia?ae?eooy
aeao?a. Oea iiynith?oueny oei, ui ainiiaea?nuee? aoae?ae? i?ioyaii a?e?a
iaei aaeineiiaethaaeenue, ai naeyinoai aoei ia?aaaaeii a?aeia, oiio e
iaioaaa eiina?aaoeci a oeeaae? eiai aeeooy. Cae/aeii o naaeea? aoee
??ci? ca i?ecia/aiiyi ainiiaea?nuee? aoae?ae?: i?ei?uaiiy aeey oaa?ei
(oe?ae, oe?aoe?), aeey caa??aaiiy i?iaeoeo?a caiea?ianoaa (eeoi?,
eiii?e, ee?o?, noaaee), ei?i?a aeey ooaeiae e ?iaaioa?y (n?iieee, oiie,
eieaoi?, aic?ai?).

Aei ?ae?eoiaeo iai’yoie iaeaaeaoue aaaaoieooi? eeoi? (oiee) c ?oaeaiei
ia?ae?eooyi, naie-ainueieeooi? eeoi? ia nioao, oaea caaaeoaai? ee?o?,
noaaee, ye? ua aeiiaaeaaia iianthaeii iiaoooaaee ia Iie?nn?.

Iie?eaaee ainiiaea?nuee? aoae?ae? nieiiith, ae?aieoeyie aai a?oaei
aieioiei n?iii, yea iaeeaaeaee oianoei oa?ii ia eaoe, a caa?oo
i?eoeneoaaee aa?aciaeie a?eeaie, ui iaaeaaaei aeaoai i?ea?iaeueiiai
aeaeyaeo.

I?e aoae?aieoeoa? ainiiaea?nueeeo nii?oae ia Iie?nn? canoiniaoaaeenue
??ci? aoae?aaeuei? oaoi?ee ? iaoa??aee. Aaaaonoaii a?aecia/aeany ?
oeiieia?y oeeo aoae?aaeue, ui coiiaethaaeinue o ieioeiio ianaiia?aae
aeiiii?/ieie iiaeeeainoyie n?euenueeeo ainiiaea??a. Caiiaei?o? oacy?
aoaeoaaee a naaeea? oe?ae, eeoi?, eiii?e, oiie, noaaee oiui c ye?niiai
iaoa??aeo. Aea aeey ianiaiai naeyinueeiai aoae?aieoeoaa oa?aeoa?i?
i?i?iaeueia e?euee?noue ainiiaea?nueeeo nii?oae o aeai?? oa aeei?enoaiiy
aeaoaaeo iaoa??ae?a.

Iiaea?oueny oaeiae iien oei/aniaeo aoae?aaeue ia a?aea?iieo ianiaeuao ia
Aieeinueeiio Iie?nn?; ?o aaoi? aeine?aeea oeyoii iieooaaiiy i?noeaaeo
noa?iaeee?a.

?icae?e caaa?oo?oueny ?icaeyaeii oaiaeaioe?e ?icaeoeo ia?iaeiiai
aoae?aieoeoaa e?ath. Aiie iniaeeai aeia?a iii?oi?, eiee aiae?coaaoe
aanue n?euenueeee aoae?aaeueiee oiiae. Oae, o ?ieeoi?anueeiio,
Aeoa?iaeoeueeiio ?aeiiao ??aiainueei? oa Ieaanueeiio ?aeii?
AEeoiie?nueei? iaeanoae aei nueiaiaei? caa?aaeeny aoae?ae? (ee?o?,
noaaee, iaeiieaia?i? oaoe), ye? nai?ie eiino?oeoe?yie oa oi?iaie
aiaeia?/i? aeyaeaiei a?oaieiaaie ?aooeai nii?oae o A?ano?,
Aeaaeae-Ai?iaeeo, I?inueeo, ia Iiaeie? a Ee?a?. ?ioee oa?aeoa? iathoue
o?aaeeoe?ei? aeeoeia? aoae?ae? OVI?I–O?O no. ia Aieeinueeiio,
*a?i?a?anueeiio, i?aaeaii?e /anoei? AEeoiie?nueei-Ee?anueeiai Iie?nny.
Aiie a ieai? aeai, -o?eae?euei?: oaoa + n?ie, oaoa+ n?ie + eiii?a, c
iaia’yceiaith iia?eeith aeeoeiai? /anoeie, iie?eooyi aeaoo nieiiith.
Ae??ciythoueny aeeoeia? nii?oaee, caaaeai? aaea i?ney Ae?oai? na?oiai?
a?eie: o ieo aenie? no?ie, a?eueo? a?eia. A ieai? aiie aeaeiaaeai? ?
iathoue ie?aia i?ei?uaiiy aeey eooi?. Iaea?eueoiai ?icaeoeo io?eio? oei
oaoe ca ieaiii: oaoa + eooiy + n?ie c? noaaeith + eiii?a. O 1960–1970-o
??. i?inoaaeo?oueny ia?ao?ae ia?iaeiiai aeeoea a?ae iaeii-,
aeaie?iiaoiiai aei aaaaoie?iiaoiiai. O ieai? oae? aoae?ae?
iaaeeaeathoueny aei eaaae?aoa. Nii?oaeaeothoueny aiie aaea o?eueee ca
i?iaeoaie, yeeie ia?aaeaa/aii ia?aaeith e?iiaoo, eooith, ?aeaeueith,
na?oeeoeth (naeii), niaeueith, aeeoy/o e?iiaoo, eiii?o, aa?aiaeo. Aeey
aoae?aieoeoaa aeei?enoiaothoue aea?aai, oeaaeo.

Ioaea, ia Oe?a?inueeiio Iie?nn? ca oa?aeoa?ii ia?iaeiiai aoae?aieoeoaa,
cie?aia aeeoea, ia??iaee/ieie ci?iaie eiai ooieoe?e i?ioyaii ?nioth/iai
?icaeoeo iiaeia aeae?eeoe /ioe?e oace:

– Ia?oa, oae caaia iie?nueea, ioiieth? iaeaeaai?oee a?aeiiee iai a
?noi??? e?ath ia??iae, yeee oa?aeoa?eco?oueny iaei?ino?oeie, aaaaoeie ia
a?oa?cie aoae?aeyie. Naia oaea aoae?aieoeoai aoei a /ane Ee?anueei?
?on?. O?eaaea oey oaca aei ii/aoeo OVI no.

– Ae?oaa iia’ycaia c ao?oeeaei ?icaeoeii i?iiai caiea?ianoaa. C?inoa?
ae?iaie/a ooieoe?y aeeoea. Aoae?aieoeoai oa?aeoa?eco?oueny aaeeeith
e?euee?noth ainiiaea?nueeeo ? aeiiii?aeieo aoae?aaeue, nieii’yiith
iie??aeath ia an?o nii?oaeao, iia?eeith aeeoeiai? /anoeie, a ?iiae? ?
an??? oaoe. Oey oaca o?eaaea c XVI aei 30-o ??. OO no. (o Aieeinuee?e ?
??aiainuee?e iaeanoyo – aei 1950-o ??.).

– O?aoy (ia?ao?aeia) iia’ycaia c eieaeoea?caoe??th n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa. Aeiei??iii ci?iththoueny ooieoe?? naaeeae ? oaoe.
Aoae?ae? a ieai? caa??aathoue ua aeaeiaaeaio oi?io, nii?oaeaeothoueny c
aea?aaa ca aeanieie i?iaeoaie, ye? ??oioothoueny ia o?aaeeoe?eieo
ieaiao. Oey oaca o?eaa? aei 1960-o ??.

– *aoaa?oa (inoaii? o?e aeanyoe??//y) iii?/aia iiiaeaiiyi n?euenueeiai
aoae?aieoeoaa ia aac? iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano. Ciaioo?oueny ?ieue
ae?iaie/i? ooieoe?? aeeoea, a c?inoa? eiai ?ieue ye ina?aaeeo
eoeueoo?iiai a?aeii/eieo n?i’?. O oeae ia??iae oaoe nii?oaeaeothoueny
o?eueee ca i?iaeoaie, c aeei?enoaiiyi iiaeo aoae?aaeueieo iaoa??ae?a.

O aeniiaeao ocaaaeueiththoueny iniiai? iieiaeaiiy oa oi?iothoueny
i?aenoiee aeine?aeaeaiiy.

1. Caii/aoeiaaia o XIX no. aoiia?ao?/ia aeine?aeaeaiiy ia?iaeiiai
aoae?aieoeoaa ie?aieo ?aa?ii?a Oe?a?ie, a o?i /ene? ? Iie?nny, ia aoei
nenoaiiei. Eeoa c 60-o ??. XX no. iaoeiaa aea/aiiy ia?iaeii? a?o?oaeoo?e
Iie?nny aeoea?coaaeinue o ca’yceo c i?aai?caoe??th cai?o iaoa??ae?a aeey
aoiia?ao?/iiai aoeano Oe?a?ie, noai?aiiyi ioca?a i?inoi iaaa a Ee?a? ?
Eueaia?, a?iiaaenueeei ?ooii 1970-o ??. ca ioi?iio iai’yoie ?noi??? oa
eoeueoo?e.

I?ioa /a?ac ?aae?iaeoeaia caa?oaeiaiiy i?ney aeaooo ia *i?iiaeeuenuee?e
aoiii?e aeaeo?inoaioe?? a 1986 ?. oa?eoi??y Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny noaea
oaeoe/ii ao?a/aiith aeey iaoee ? eoeueoo?e. Uii?aaaea, a iacaeaaei?e
Oe?a?i? ni?aao aea/aiiy ? caa?aaeaiiy iai’yoie iaoa??aeueii? oa
aeooiaii? eoeueoo?e oe??? ciie acyee ia naaa aea?aeaaa ?
a/ai?-aiooc?anoe: nthaee ae?aeaeaeathoue iaoeia? aeniaaeeoe?? aeey cai?o
?ioi?iaoe??, aeaeathoueny iaoeia? i?aoe?. Ioaea, ana-oaee ? oaine yeonue
/anoeio eoeueoo?ii? niaaeueie ianaeaiiy oeueiai ?aa?iio caa?aaoe ?
c?iaeoe aeinooiiith aeey iaoeiaiai aea/aiiy.

2. Aeine?aeaeaiiyi aeena?oaioa anoaiiaeaii iiaoooaaiiy ia Oe?a?inueeiio
Iie?nn? o?ueio oi?i iinaeaiue: aacnenoaiii?, aoee/ii? ? eiia?iiaaii?. Ca
oa?aeoa?ii ?icnaeaiiy iinaeaiiy aoaathoue ?icn?yi?, ai?caeia?, neoi/ai?
oa eiia?iiaai?.

Caeaaeii a?ae ae?iaie/eo ooieoe?e, ?icoaooaaiiy aeeoea a?aeiinii aoeeoe?
/e aei?iae, aaee/eie aai oi?ie caiaeueieo iaae?e?a ?ic??ciythoueny
naaeeae: c a?eueiith (a?aee?eoith), cae?eoith ? c?ieiooith (e?i?eiith)
caaoaeiaaie aeai??a.

Iniaeeai? oaaae caneoaiaothoue caieioo? aeai?e (“oi?iie”, “i?aeaa?ee”,
“inaaeee”, “ie?oaei? aeai?e”), a yeeo i?ae iaeiei aeaoii ii ia?eiao?o
iaaaee/ei? ae?eyiee ?icoaoiaoaaeenue aeeoeia? ? ainiiaea?nuee? aoae?ae?.

3. Iniiaith aeeoeiaeo aoae?aaeue ia Iie?nn? aoa /ioe?eeooiee c?oa –
ee?oue. A?i aeae?eyany a aeeoe? nai?ie ?ici??aie, caiaeeany c e?auiai
iaoa??aeo. Aei iueiai aeiaoaeiaoaaee ?io? i?ei?uaiiy ca aeiiiiiaith
noiai?a.

Ia Iie?nn? oe?iei iiaoooaaea ? noiaiiaa eiino?oeoe?y, yea a?eueoa
canoiniaoaaeanue i?e nii?oaeaeaii? ainiiaea?nueeeo aoae?aaeue.

Ia?ae?eooy ia aoae?aeyo ?iaeee o?ueio oei?a: c?oai? (a?i/ano?), “ia
nioao” ? e?ieayi?. C?oai? eiino?oeoe?? ia aeaoao iaeaea ia caa?aaeeny,
?o iiaeia iiaa/eoe o?eueee a ee?oyo.

Aei ?ae?eoiaeo oi?i ia?iaeii? a?o?oaeoo?e Iie?nny iaeaaeaoue ee?o?,
noaaee, iaeiieaia?i? oaoe. Oe? nii?oaee noaee caiaeii eiino?oeoeaieie
aeaiaioaie o?aaeeoe?eiiai iie?nueeiai aeeoea. Aiie iiae?ai? aei
aeyaeaieo i?e a?oaieia?/ieo ?iceiieao ?aooie aoae?aaeue o Ee?a? ia
Iiaeie? oa a A?ano? (ia oa?eoi??? A?anonueei? oi?oaoe?). Oe? ?aooee
aeaoothoueny O??–O??? no., oiio ie aaaaea?ii, ui aeyaeai? ia Iie?nn?
nii?oaee oaeiai oeio ? ?ae?eoaie aoae?aieoeoaa /an?a Ee?anueei? ?on?.

Aei ?ae?eoiaeo oi?i iaeaaeaoue oaeiae c?oai? aaaaoieooi? eeoi? (oiee) c
a?i/anoei ia?ae?eooyi, naie-, ainueieeooi? eeoi? “ia nioao”. Aaaaoieooi?
eeoi? aaea cieeee.

O eiino?oeoe?yo aeeoeiaeo ? ainiiaea?nueeeo aoae?aaeue caa?aaeiny aaaaoi
a?oa?/ieo aeaiaio?a: a?yaee (aaeueee) i?e noae? a oao?, aieieia? a?eia,
aeia?? “ia a?aoiao”, aeeiyi? aeie?aee, ina?oethaaeuei? i?eno?i? –
“na?oa/?” oiui, ye? cana?ae/othoue aacia?a?aiee aaiethoe?eiee i?ioean
noaiiaeaiiy o?aaeeoe?eiiai aoae?aieoeoaa e?ath.

4. Iaeaeaai?oei aeeoeii ia Iie?nn? aoea iaeiieaia?ia oaoa aac n?iae
(oae? aoae?ae? ua c??aeea o?aieythoueny ia ??aiainueeiio Iie?nn?).
Ii/eiath/e c XVII no. aeoeaii ?icaeaa?oueny i?ia caiea?ianoai. Oea
iiceoeaii iicia/eeiny ia oa?aeoa?? iie?nueeiai aoae?aieoeoaa:
aeei?enoiao?oueny ??caia aea?aai, aeaoe iie?eaathoue nieiiith,
c’yaey?oueny iia?eea a aeeoeiaeo i?ei?uaiiyo, c?inoa? e?euee?noue
ainiiaea?nueeeo aoae?aaeue o naaeeaao.
Iai?ee?ioe? O?O – ia ii/aoeo XX no. a o?aaeeoe?eiiio
aoae?aieoeoa? iaea?eueo iioe?ai? ia Aieeinueeiio Iie?nn? aeeoeia?
aoaeeiee c ieaiaie: oaoa + n?ie oa oaoa + n?ie + eiii?a. Aei ieo
i?eaoaeiaothoueny ??ciiiai?oi? ainiiaea?nuee? nii?oaee: i?eaiee,
ioee?oe, oaie? eiii?e (?noaaee). A ie?aieo i?noeaainoyo oeueiai ?aa?iio
iiaooo? oei oaoe “c eieaoiath”, yea ?icoaoiao?oueny i?e i?e/?eeia?e
(iieooi?e) no?i?. Aeae?eythoueny ua oaoe “c aea??oeai”. “Aea??aoeue”
aeoaea iiae?aiee aei aooeoeuenueeeo i?eooe, ui aeaooiaoaaeenue i?e
oeeuei?e no?i? aeeoea.

O oeiieia?? o?aaeeoe?eiiai aoae?aieoeoaa AEeoiie?nueei-Ee?anueeiai
Iie?nny iai?ee?ioe? XIX no. ii?yae c iaioth/eie ieaiaie oaoa + n?ie oa
oaoa + n?ie + eiii?a c’yaeythoueny oaoe c eeoiyie, ye? ciaoiaeyoueny
i?ae aeania aeeoeii oa n?iueie.

Ia *a?i?a?anueeiio Iie?nn? iiaeaeoaee aoaeoaaee oaoe c ieaiii: oaoa +
n?ie + oaoa.

5. Ia Iie?nn?, ye ? a ?ioeo ?aeiiao Oe?a?ie, o?aaeeoe?eia ?icoaooaaiiy
iniiaieo i?aaeiao?a iiaooo a ?ioa?’??? aeeoea ? ?aoe?iiaeueiei,
i?aeoe/iei: eiaeai eooie ooo oa noi?aei? c iei ciie aeeiiothoue nai?
eiie?aoi? ooieoe?? ? caiiaiththoueny i?aaeiaoaie iaiao?aeiiai
i?ecia/aiiy.

I?inoaaeo?oueny a ?ioa?’??? oaoe oaeiae aa?oeeaeueia /eaioaaiiy ia
y?one, o oi?ioaaii? yeeo aaeeeo ?ieue a?ae?a?aee ca’ycee iaaeeoiai
i?inoi?o c iaaeieeoi?i na?aaeiaeuai: aeey ieaeiueiai – ii?aeiaiiy c
iao??’th caieath, aeey aa?oiueiai – c iaaii, na?aaeiueiai – c
ethaenueeei ioi/aiiyi.

6. O?aaeeoe?eia ia?iaeia aoae?aieoeoai Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny
aaiethoe?iioaaei i?ae aieeaii ci?i eaiaeoaooo (ae?oaea e?n?a, inooaiiy
aie?o), nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo oaeoi??a.

Ia Iie?nn? caa?aaeiny aaaaoi ?ae?eoiaeo, a?oa?/ieo oi?i. Aaaeeeai
i?aai?coaaoe caa?aaeaiiy aeyaeaieo ee?oae, noaaie, iaeiieaia?ieo oao
(aac n?iae), caieiooeo aeai??a, aaaaoieooieo eeoiue. Aeaye? c iacaaieo
aoae?aaeue oaea aeniiiothoueny a Ioca? ia?iaeii? a?o?oaeoo?e oa iiaooo
Oe?a?ie (Ee?a). C?a?aii ie?ai? iai’yoee a?o?oaeoo?e a ioca? n. Na?ie
(??aiainueea iaeanoue), n. ?ieei? a?ey Eooeueea ia Aieei?. Oeueiai,
cae/aeii, aeoaea iaei. Ia aeoieo aeena?oaioa, neainaie iio??aii
noai?thaaoe ua a ??aiiio, AEeoiie??, Eooeueeo.

Ia /an? – i?aeaioiaea aoeano ia?iaeiiai aoae?aieoeoaa Oe?a?inueeiai
Iie?nny.

Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy ? aeniiaee aeena?oaoe?? aeeeaaeaii a oaeeo
ioae?eaoe?yo aaoi?a:

Iaoa oaoa. Aoiia?ao?/iee ia?en i?i o?aaeeoe?eia iie?nueea aeeoei.–
Eooeuee: Iaaenoe?’y, 1993.– 60 n.

Oe?a?inueea oaoa.– Ee?a: Iaoeiaa aeoiea, 1991.– 110 n.

Iieeiieny ia?iaeiiio ciae/iio.– Euea?a, 1995.– 64 n.

?ae?eoe aeaaiueiai aoae?aieoeoaa. Iai’yoea ia?iaeii? a?o?oaeoo?e
??iainueeiai Iie?nny.– ??aia, 1995.– 80 n.

Caieioo? aeai?e ia Iie?nn? / IOA.– ? 6.– 1975.– N.102, 103.

*a?ac a?ee – aei iocath / AEiaoaiue, Euea?a.– ? 7.– 1975.– N.143–147.

Oanoeoaieueiua eeoie ia naaa?a Oe?aeiu / Ae?ocuey iaiyoieeia eoeueoo?u.–
Oaeeene, T.41.– 1976.– N.47–50.

Iniaeeaino? ?icaeoeo o?aaeeoe?eiiai aeeoea Aieeinueeiai Iie?nny / IOA.–
? 1.– 1977.– N.50–56.

Aeaai? ainiiaea?nuee? aoae?ae? ia Iie?nn? / IOA.– ? 3.– 1978.–

N.62–64.

Na?oei iiaaneeo iina?o?a / AEiaoaiue.– ? 11.– 1979.– N.126–130.

Aoae?ae? ia a?aea?iieo ianiaeuao Aieeinueeiai Iie?nny / IOA.–

? 6.– 1980.– N.75, 76.

Ia??iaeecaoe?y ?icaeoeo aoae?aieoeoaa Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny / IOA.– ?
6.– 1982.– N.67–71.

?ae?eoe aeaaiueiai aoae?aieoeoaa / Iaoea ? noni?euenoai.– Ee?a,

? 12.– 1984.– N.34–40

Ia?iaei? aoae?aaeuei? o?aaeeoe?? / IOA.– ? 1.– 1986.– N.80–82.

Aeaaiy iie?nueea oaoa / N?euenueea aoae?aieoeoai.– Ee?a, ? 7.– 1987.–
N.19, 20.

Iai’yoee aaea iaia / Aeca?i.– Euea?a, ? 2.– 1991.– N.168. no. I?i oaoo
ii/. O?O a n. A??ee Ethaao?anueeiai ?aeiio Aieeinueei? iaeano?.

O?aaeeoe?eia iie?nueea naaeeaa ? oeie ?? caaoaeiae / IOA.– ? 2.– 1991.–
N.53–58.

Ainiiaea?nuee? aoae?ae? ia Iie?nn? e?i. O?O– ii/. OO no. / Caienee
Iaoeiaiai oiaa?enoaa ?i. Oaa/aiea, aeae? – IOO.– Euea?a, T.223.– 1992.–
N.105–114.

Iie?uoee. Neiaiaeaie. a ei. “O?anoiiao?y c ia?iaeiciaanoaa aeey
a/eoae?a, nooaeaio?a oa o/i?a noa?oeo eean?a”.– ??aia, 1993.– N.43–51.

Aei?iaaie Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny – aei i?aaaouee?aueie neia’yi /
Aa?aaeiy.– Ee?a, ? 2.– 1993; ? 3.– 1994.

Ia?iaeia a?o?oaeoo?a Oe?a?ie ? i?iaeaie caa?aaeaiiy ?? e?aueo c?ace?a /
?anioae?eaiaoeue.– Euea?a, ?11, 12.– 1993.– N.83–87.

Ia?iaeia a?o?oaeoo?a / a ei. “Oe?a?inueea ia?iaeiciaanoai”.– Euea?a:
Oai?en, 1994.– N.455–484.

Aeaai? ia?iaeia aeeoei a Oaoeueeiio i?e?iaeiiio iaoe?iiaeueiiio ia?eo /
IOA.– ? 2, 3.– 1994 – N.70–73.

Oe?a?inueea Iie?nny ye nai???aeiee caiia?aeiee ?ae?eoiaeo oi?i
aoae?aieoeoaa /an?a Ee?anueei? ?on? / Iie?nny: iiaa, eoeueoo?a, ?noi??y.
Iaoa??aee i?aeia?iaeii? eiioa?aioe??.– Ee?a, 1996.– N.313–318.

Aeaai? ia?iaei? aoae?aaeuei? o?aaeeoe?? a Oe?a?inueeiio Iie?nn? a ei.
“Ae?aaeyie”, Ee?a, 1996.– N.97–107.

Aei ?noi??? aeine?aeaeaiiy aeaaiueiai ia?iaeiiai aoae?aieoeoaa Iie?nny /
Iaoa??aee iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ii? eiioa?aioe?? c ieoaiue aeyaeaiiy,
caa?aaeaiiy oa ioi?iie ?noi?eei-eoeueoo?ii? niaaeueie ianaeaiiy, ui
iino?aaeaeaei a?ae aaa??? ia *i?iiaeeuenuee?e AAN.– ??aia, 15, 16
o?aaiy.– 1992.– Euea?a, 1996.– N.68–73.

I?ei?uaiiy aeey caa??aaiiy aeiiaoiueiai aeia?a / Iao ae?i.– Ee?a, ? 3.–
1996.– N.6, 7.

Caai?eiiy – nai???aeiee caiia?aeiee c /an?a Ee?anueei? ?on? /
Aoiieoeueoo?a Aieeinueeiai Iie?nny ? *i?iiaeeuenueea o?aaaae?y.– ??aia,
1996.– *.??.– N.91–98.

Caieiooa caaoaeiaa a naaeeaao A?iae?aueie / Ia?iaeiciaa/? cioeoe,
Euea?a, *.4.– 1995.– N.226, 227.

Iniaeeaino? aeieeiaiiy ? ?icaeoeo n?euenueeeo iinaeaiue o i?aaiaa?aaei?e
/anoei? Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny / Iie?nny. Aoiin, o?aaeeoe??, eoeueoo?a.–
Eooeuee, 1997.– N.29–36.

C ieioeiai Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny // Iaoeia? caienee Iocath ia?iaeii?
a?o?oaeoo?e oa iiaooo o Eueaia?.– Euea?a, 1997.– N.12–15.

?ae?eoe aoae?aieoeoaa /an?a Ee?anueei? ?on? // Iaoeia? caienee Iocath
ia?iaeii? a?o?oaeoo?e oa iiaooo o Eueaia?.– Euea?a, 1998.– Aei. ?.–
N.15–21.

Aiioaoe?y

Aeaieethe A.A. O?aaeeoe?eia aeeoeiai-ainiiaea?nueea aoae?aieoeoai
Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny (noaiiaeaiiy ia aaiethoe?y).

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa ?noi?e/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth – aoiieia?y – ?inoeooo oe?a?iiciaanoaa
?i.?.E?ei’yeaae/a IAI Oe?a?ie, i.Euea?a, 1998.

O aeena?oaoe?? aeine?aeaeaii o?aaeeoe?eia aeeoeiai-ainiiaea?nueea
aoae?aieoeoai Oe?a?inueeiai Iie?nny – aoae?aaeuei? o?aaeeoe??, oeie
n?euenueeiai aeeoea, ainiiaea?nuee? aoae?ae?, caaoaeiao aeai??a,
aena?oeaii noaiiaeaiiy oa aaiethoe?th oa?aeoa?o ia?iaeiiai aoae?aieoeoaa
o oeueiio ?aa?ii?.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: iaoa??aeueia eoeueoo?a, ia?iaeia aoae?aieoeoai,
iinaeaiiy, naaeeaa, aeeoei, ainiiaea?nuee? nii?oaee,
aoiia?ao?/ii-a?o?oaeoo?i? aeniaaeeoe??, ioca? i?inoi iaaa, a?o?oaeoo?i?
caiia?aeieee.

Aiiioaoeey

Aeaieethe A.A. “O?aaeeoeeiiiia aeeaeeuii-oicyenoaaiiia no?ieoaeuenoai
Oe?aeineiai Iieanuey (noaiiaeaiea e yaiethoeey)”.

Aeena?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa enoi?e/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 07.00.05 – yoiieiaey – Einoeooo oe?aeiiaaaeaiey ei.
E.E?eiyeaae/a IAI Oe?aeiu, a.Eueaia, 1998 a.

Enneaaeiaaiea ninoieo ec anooieaiey, /aou?ao ?acaeaeia, caeeth/aiey,
e?aoeiai oa?ieiieiae/aneiai neiaa?y, nienea eniieueciaaiiuo enoi/ieeia.
E?iia oiai, a ?aaioa eiaaony i?eeiaeaiea e oaenoiaie /anoe – ?enoiee
a?oeoaeoo?iuo nii?oaeaiee, eo ieaiu, n?acu ioaeaeueiuo iino?iae (75 n.).

I?aaeiaoii enneaaeiaaiey yaeyaony ia?iaeiia no?ieoaeuenoai Oe?aeineiai
Iieanuey. Aeenna?oaio eco/ee oeiu onaaeaa, ia?iaeiua no?ieoaeueiua
o?aaeeoeee, ?aeeeoiaua oi?iu iieanneeo nii?oaeaiee, eciaiaiey a
oa?aeoa?a no?ieoaeuenoaa a i?ioeanna aai yaiethoeeiiiiai ?acaeoey.

Ia?iaeiia no?ieoaeuenoai ?anniao?eaaaony a oaniie nayce n aaia?aoe/aneie
e eoeueoo?ii-iauanoaaiiie n?aaeie. Aaoi? naeaeae aiaeec iinaeaiee e
cano?iae onaaeaa, iienae 21 oei cae?uouo aeai?ia, a oaeaea “aeeeiiuo
oao”, a eioi?uo iiae iaeiie e?uoae n aeeeeuai ?aniieiaeaiu oicyenoaaiiua
iino?ieee.

E ?aeeeoiaui oi?iai ia?iaeiie a?oeoaeoo?u Oe?aeineiai Iieanuey
i?eiaaeeaaeao eeaoe, noaaee, iaeiieaia?ua oaou aac naiae, iiiaioaieueiua
eeoie, naie-, ainueiea?aiiua eeoie (oiee) “ia nioao”.

O?aaeeoeeiiiia aeeeeua Oe?aeineiai Iieanuey ioee/aaony iaeioi?uie
oa??eoi?eaeueiuie iniaaiiinoyie. Ia Aieuineii Iieanuea, iai?eia?, a
eiioea O?O a. iaeaieaa ?ani?ino?aiaiiuie auee oaou n ieaiaie: oaoa +
naie, oaoa + naie + eeaaeiaay. Aaaeiia ianoi a ieo caieiae ioeeeo
(eciaiaiiay noaaea). Ii iia auoue ono?iai a naiyo, i?e caia/iie noaia,
ca oaoie, i?e aieiaie noaia.

A aeenna?oaoeee aia?aua aeaoaeueii aiaeece?othony ana oi?iu
oicyenoaaiiuo iino?iae – io iaeaieaa i?inouo aei oneiaeiaiiuo. Iniaoth
oeaiiinoue i?aaenoaaeytho iiiaioaieueiua eeoie (oiee) n ?oaeaiuie
ia?ae?uoeyie, naie-, ainueieoaieueiua eeoie “ia nioao”, iie?uoua
nieiiie, “ae?aieoeaie” (oanii) eee nooie a?oaie o?aaie (naiii).

A ?aaioa oaeaea iienaiu eciaiaiey a oa?aeoa?a iieanneiai ia?iaeiiai
no?ieoaeuenoaa, aucaaiiua ianniaie au?oaeie eania, inooaieai aieio, a
iicaea – eieeaeoeaecaoeeae naeueneiai oicyenoaa, ia/aeii no?ieoaeuenoaa
aeeeeu ii eiaeeaeaeoaeueiui i?iaeoai. Enneaaeoy oa?aeoa? ia?iaeiiai
no?ieoaeuenoaa, a /anoiinoe aeeeeua, ia?eiaee/aneea eciaiaiey aai
ooieoeee ia i?ioyaeaiee aeeeoaeueiiai enoi?e/aneiai a?aiaie, aeenna?oaio
auaeaeee /aou?a oacu (ia?eiaea) aai ?acaeoey.

– Ia?aay, oae iacuaaaiay iieanneay, ioaaouaaao naiua aeaaiea a?aiaia a
enoi?ee e?ay, eiaaea aeeeeuiia no?ieoaeuenoai ioee/aeinue iaeaieaa
i?inouie oi?iaie. Eiaiii oaeea ia iuiaoiee aeaiue a?oae/iua no?iaiey
auoiaaee ai a?aiaia Eeaaneie ?one. (oa oaca aeeeeanue aei ia/aea XVI a.

– Aoi?ay iaoeiaeaia ao?iui ?acaeoeai iaoioiiai caieaaeaeey ia Iieanuea.
A onaaeueaao no?iyo iiiai oicyenoaaiiuo nii?oaeaiee, ?acaiaeyo neio,
/oiau eiaoue oaeia?aiea aeey iieae. (oio ia?eiae i?iaeieaeaaony aei
1930-o aa. (a Aieuineie e ?eaiaineie iaeanoyo – aei 1950-o aa.).

– O?aouey (ia?aoiaeiay) naycaia n eieeaeoeaecaoeeae naeueneiai
oicyenoaa. AEeeuea nio?aiyao aua oaeeeiaiioth oi?io. (oa oaca aeeeeanue
aei 1960-o aa.

– *aoaa?oay (iineaaeiea o?e aeanyoeeaoey) ioee/aaony iaiiaeaieai
naeueneiai no?ieoaeuenoaa ia aaca iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai i?ia?anna: aeeeeua
nii?oaeathony ii i?iaeoai a?oeoaeoi?ia, n eniieueciaaieai iiauo
no?ieoaeueiuo iaoa?eaeia.

Enneaaeiaaiey ii eca?aiiie oaia oeaiiu aeey iiciaiey enoi?ee Oe?aeiu, aa
eoeueoo?u. Iaiaeiaaaeii e i?aeoe/aneia cia/aiea aeaiiie ?aaiou:
iaeioi?ua aa auaiaeu, caeeth/aiey i?eioe?uaatho ia?niaeoeao
eniieueciaaiey ioaeaeueiuo o?aaeeoeeiiiuo oi?i, nio?aiaiiuo aei iaoeo
aeiae a?oae/iuo eiino?oeoeaiuo aeaoaeae eee oaoiee a iuiaoiai naeueneii
no?ieoaeuenoaa.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: iaoa?eaeueiay eoeueoo?a, ia?iaeiia no?ieoaeuenoai,
iinaeaiea, onaaeueaa, aeeeeua, oicyenoaaiiua nii?oaeaiey,
yoiia?aoe/anee-a?oeoaeoo?iua yeniaaeeoeee, iocae iiae ioe?uoui iaaii,
a?oeoaeoo?iua caiiaaaeieee.

Annotation

Danylyk, A.G. Traditional Housing and Household Construction in the
Ukrainian Polissya: Establishment and Evolution

Dissertation for the academic degree of the Candidate of Historical
Sciences in the specially 07.00.05 – Ethnology. – Krypyakevych Institute
for Ukrainian Studies of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences,
Lviv, 1998.

The dissertation is manuscript on the research on traditional housing
and household construction in the region of the Ukrainian Polissya.
Building traditions, types of rural dwellings, household structures,
yard design are examined via field studies, analysis of published and
archive material. Application of comparative-historical methods to the
system of residential and household structures made it possible to trace
the establishment and the evolution of traditional construction in the
Ukrainian Polissya.

Key terms: material culture, traditional construction, settlement,
country estate, residence, household structures, ethnographical
architectural expedition, open-air museum, architectural reserves.

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